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Adderall contains a levoamphetamine component along with a dextroamphetamine component.
[ { "docid": "35963e4dc8f6b14278eb4727c795deb0", "text": "Adderall Adderall is a combination drug containing salts of the two enantiomers of amphetamine , a central nervous system ( CNS ) stimulant of the phenethylamine class . Adderall is used in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) and narcolepsy . It is also used as an athletic performance enhancer and cognitive enhancer , and recreationally as an aphrodisiac and euphoriant . By salt content , the active ingredients of Adderall are 25 % levoamphetamine salts ( the levorotary or ` left-handed ' enantiomer ) and 75 % dextroamphetamine salts ( the dextrorotary or ` right-handed ' enantiomer ) . Adderall is generally well-tolerated and effective in treating the symptoms of ADHD and narcolepsy . At therapeutic doses , Adderall causes emotional and cognitive effects such as euphoria , change in desire for sex , increased wakefulness , and improved cognitive control . At these doses , it induces physical effects such as decreased reaction time , fatigue resistance , and increased muscle strength . In contrast , much larger doses of Adderall can impair cognitive control , cause rapid muscle breakdown , or induce a psychosis ( e.g. , delusions and paranoia ) . The side effects of Adderall vary widely among individuals , but most commonly include insomnia , dry mouth , and loss of appetite . The risk of developing an addiction is insignificant when Adderall is used as prescribed at fairly low daily doses , such as those used for treating ADHD ; however , the routine use of Adderall in larger daily doses poses a significant risk of addiction due to the pronounced reinforcing effects that are present at higher doses . Recreational doses of Adderall are generally much larger than prescribed therapeutic doses , and carry a far greater risk of serious adverse effects . The two amphetamine enantiomers that compose Adderall ( i.e. , levoamphetamine and dextroamphetamine ) alleviate the symptoms of ADHD and narcolepsy by increasing the activity of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain , which results from their interactions with trace amine associated receptor 1 ( TAAR1 ) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2 ( VMAT2 ) in neurons . Dextroamphetamine is a more potent stimulant than levoamphetamine , but levoamphetamine has slightly stronger cardiovascular and peripheral effects and a longer elimination half-life ( i.e. , it remains in the body longer ) than dextroamphetamine . The levoamphetamine component of Adderall has been reported to improve the treatment response in some individuals relative to dextroamphetamine alone . Adderall 's active ingredient , amphetamine , shares many chemical and pharmacological properties with the human trace amines , particularly phenethylamine and , the latter of which is a positional isomer of amphetamine .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "c0a83c4f26fb30b15068cb98a2e31070", "text": "Dextropropoxyphene Dextropropoxyphene is an analgesic in the opioid category , patented in 1955 and manufactured by Eli Lilly and Company . It is an optical isomer of levopropoxyphene . It is intended to treat mild pain and also has antitussive ( cough suppressant ) and local anaesthetic effects . The drug has been taken off the market in Europe and the US due to concerns of fatal overdoses and heart arrhythmias . Its onset of analgesia ( pain relief ) is said to be 20 -- 30 minutes and peak effects are seen about 1.5 -- 2 hours after oral administration . Dextropropoxyphene is sometimes combined with acetaminophen . Trade names include Darvocet-N and Di-Gesic , Darvon with APAP ( for dextropropoxyphene and paracetamol ) . The British approved name ( i.e. the generic name of the active ingredient ) of the paracetamol/dextropropoxyphene preparation is `` co-proxamol '' ( sold under a variety of brand names ) ; however , it has been withdrawn since 2007 , and is no longer available to new patients , with exceptions . The paracetamol combination ( s ) are known as Capadex or Di-Gesic in Australia , Lentogesic in South Africa , and Di-Antalvic in France ( unlike co-proxamol , which is an approved name , these are all brand names ) . Dextropropoxyphene is known under several synonyms , including : Alpha-d-4-dimethylamino-3-methyl-1 ,2 - diphenyl-2-butanol propionate -LSB- ( 2S ,3 S ) -4 - ( Dimethylamino ) -3 - methyl-1 ,2 - diphenylbutan-2-yl -RSB- propanoate -1,2 - Diphenyl-2-propionoxy - 3-methyl-4-di-methylaminobutane Desoxypropiophen", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ce92657bb47a2302097d9fc949404f9", "text": "Indolamines Indolamines are a family of neurotransmitters that share a common molecular structure ( namely , indolamine ) . Indolamines are a classification of monoamine neurotransmitter , along with catecholamines and ethylamine . A common example of an indolamine is the tryptophan derivative serotonin , a neurotransmitter involved in mood and sleep . Another example of an indolamine is melatonin , which regulates the sleep-wake cycle ( circadian rhythm ) in humans . In biochemistry , indolamines are substituted indole compounds that contain an amino group . Examples of indoleamines include the lysergamides .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "153c28889bed5a2bd3d8df8e3f55369f", "text": "Drug prohibition law Drug prohibition law is prohibition-based law by which governments prohibit , except under licence , the production , supply , and possession of many , but not all , substances which are recognized as drugs , and which corresponds to international treaty commitments in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 , the Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971 , and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 1988 . When produced , supplied or possessed under licence , otherwise prohibited drugs are known as controlled drugs . The aforementioned legislation is the cultural institution and social fact that de facto divides world drug trade as illegal vs legal , according to geopolitical issues . The United Nations has its own drug control programme , as part of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ( UNODC ) , which was formerly called the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention ( ODCCP ) , and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs is the central drug policy-making body within the United Nations system . The International Narcotics Control Board ( INCB ) is an independent and quasi-judicial control organ for the implementation of the United Nations drug control conventions . It is important to note that there are several different sets of `` schedules '' , or lists , of controlled drugs . One is the INCB schedules ( four schedules numbered I-IV ) , while another is the United States ' Controlled Substances Act schedules of controlled substances ( five schedules , numbered I-V ) . Other countries also have different classifications and numbers of lists , such as those of the United Kingdom and Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "401d3bf3e9ef3f7438984297d50d1e1a", "text": "Serotonin–norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitor A serotonin -- norepinephrine -- dopamine reuptake inhibitor ( SNDRI ) , also known as a triple reuptake inhibitor ( TRI ) , is a type of drug that acts as a combined reuptake inhibitor of the monoamine neurotransmitters serotonin , norepinephrine , and dopamine . It does this by concomitantly inhibiting the serotonin transporter ( SERT ) , norepinephrine transporter ( NET ) , and dopamine transporter ( DAT ) , respectively . Inhibition of the reuptake of these neurotransmitters increases their extracellular concentrations and , therefore , results in an increase in serotonergic , adrenergic , and dopaminergic neurotransmission . SNDRIs were developed as potential antidepressants and treatments for other disorders , such as obesity , cocaine addiction , attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) , and chronic pain . They are an extension of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs ) and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors ( SNRIs ) whereby the addition of dopaminergic action is thought to have the possibility of heightening therapeutic benefit . However , increased side effects and abuse potential are potential concerns of these agents relative to their SSRI and SNRI counterparts . The SNDRIs are similar to non-selective monoamine oxidase inhibitors ( MAOIs ) such as phenelzine and tranylcypromine in that they increase the action of all three of the major monoamine neurotransmitters . They are also very similar to serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents ( SNDRAs ) like MDMA ( `` ecstasy '' ) and α-ethyltryptamine ( αET ) for the same reason , although they act via a different mechanism and have differing physiological and qualitative effects . One of the ways in which this is so is that SNDRIs lack the entactogenic , psychedelic , and neurotoxic effects of SNDRAs like MDMA and αET . Cocaine is a naturally occurring SNDRI with a fast onset and short duration ( about two hours ) that is widely encountered as a drug of abuse . Although their primary mechanisms of action are as NMDA receptor antagonists , ketamine and phencyclidine are also SNDRIs and are similarly encountered as drugs of abuse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5064a27aee2ea5db1f90f26dc4410c2", "text": "3-Methylphenethylamine 3-Methylphenethylamine ( 3MPEA ) is an organic compound with the chemical formula of . 3MPEA is a human trace amine associated receptor 1 ( TAAR1 ) agonist , a property which it shares with its monomethylated phenethylamine isomers , such as amphetamine ( α-methylphenethylamine ) , , and ( a trace amine ) . Very little data , even on toxicity , is available about its effects on humans other than the fact that it is corrosive and activates the human TAAR1 receptor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f67202fde6fbc8da70d53c845966b434", "text": "Cyclopentamine Cyclopentamine ( trade names Clopane , Cyclonarol , Cyclosal , Cyklosan , Nazett , Sinos , among others ) is a sympathomimetic alkylamine , classified as a vasoconstrictor . Cyclopentamine was indicated in the past as an over-the-counter ( OTC ) medication for use as a nasal decongestant , notably in Europe and Australia , but has now been largely discontinued possibly due to the availability , effectiveness , and safety of a structurally similar drug , propylhexedrine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ece088506a1e40030af4b83b4827e08", "text": "Muscle relaxant A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone . It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms , pain , and hyperreflexia . The term `` muscle relaxant '' is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups : neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics . Neuromuscular blockers act by interfering with transmission at the neuromuscular end plate and have no central nervous system ( CNS ) activity . They are often used during surgical procedures and in intensive care and emergency medicine to cause temporary paralysis . Spasmolytics , also known as `` centrally acting '' muscle relaxants , are used to alleviate musculoskeletal pain and spasms and to reduce spasticity in a variety of neurological conditions . While both neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics are often grouped together as muscle relaxants , the term is commonly used to refer to spasmolytics only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb54a2ff51d9cf0f669423d9008e9955", "text": "Levomoprolol Levomoprolol is a beta adrenergic antagonist . It is the ( S ) - enantiomer of moprolol .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ea777a82a408642e0ce5747be8a0188", "text": "Alpha-Methylserotonin α-Methylserotonin ( αMS ) , also known as α-methyl-5-hydroxytryptamine ( α-methyl-5-HT ) or 5-hydroxy-α-methyltryptamine ( 5-HO-αMT ) , is a tryptamine derivative closely related to the neurotransmitter serotonin ( 5-HT ) . It acts as a non-selective serotonin receptor agonist and has been used extensively in scientific research to study the function of the serotonin system . Unlike serotonin , αMS is not metabolized by monoamine oxidase on account of the α-methyl substituent blocking the enzyme 's access to the amine . As a result , it has a much longer half-life in comparison . Similarly to serotonin however , αMS poorly crosses the blood-brain-barrier due to its free hydroxyl group , and thus has only weak or no central effects when administered peripherally . α-Methyltryptophan ( αMTP ) is a prodrug to αMS which does cross the blood-brain-barrier and thus efficiently delivers αMS into the central nervous system . As a result , αMTP acts as an orally bioavailable false or substitute neurotransmitter for serotonin , and has been suggested as a possible therapeutic agent in the treatment of disorders where serotonin is deficient . The O-methylated analogue of αMS , 5-MeO-αMT , also readily enters the brain and could be used for this purpose as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b6a25a61dc35220e86e28e4c2339c27", "text": "Ampromide Ampromides are a class of opioid drugs which includes : Diampromide Phenampromide Propiram", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a580dc88f68a288caa459b65bf1c0ff7", "text": "Sertraline Sertraline ( trade names Zoloft and others ) is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ( SSRI ) class . It was introduced to the market by Pfizer in 1991 . Sertraline is primarily prescribed for major depressive disorder in adult outpatients as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder , panic disorder , and social anxiety disorder , in both adults and children . In 2013 , it was the most prescribed antidepressant and second most prescribed psychiatric medication ( after alprazolam ) on the U.S. retail market , with over 41 million prescriptions . Differences with other newer antidepressants are subtle and mostly confined to side effects . It is similar in tolerability profile to other SSRIs , with the types of adverse events usually including diarrhea , nausea , and sexual dysfunction . The incidence of diarrhea was higher with sertraline -- especially when prescribed at higher doses -- in comparison to other SSRIs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "816699fa01f4a16036eb0679278fd297", "text": "5-HT2C receptor agonist Serotonin 5-HT2 receptors are stimulated by monoamine neurotransmitters including serotonin , dopamine and norepinephrine . 5-HT2 receptor stimulation causes a buildup of intracellular inositol triphosphate and thereby an increase of cytosolic Ca2 + . 5-HT2C receptor agonists are attractive drug targets that have potential use in the treatment of a number of conditions including obesity , psychiatric disorders , sexual dysfunction and urinary incontinence . The 5-HT2C receptors are one of three subtypes that belong to the serotonin 5-HT2 receptor subfamily along with 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors . The development of 5-HT2C agonists has been a major obstacle , because of severe side effects due to a lack of selectivity over 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors . Activation of 5-HT2A receptors can induce hallucinations , and the activation of 5-HT2B receptors has been implicated in cardiac valvular insufficiency and possibly in pulmonary hypertension .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01202c1e78fddeef2da6ae3176f2d841", "text": "Benzodiazepine Benzodiazepines ( BZD , BZs ) , sometimes called `` benzos '' , are a class of psychoactive drugs whose core chemical structure is the fusion of a benzene ring and a diazepine ring . The first such drug , chlordiazepoxide ( Librium ) , was discovered accidentally by Leo Sternbach in 1955 , and made available in 1960 by Hoffmann -- La Roche , which , since 1963 , has also marketed the benzodiazepine diazepam ( Valium ) . In 1977 benzodiazepines were globally the most prescribed medications . Benzodiazepines enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) at the GABAA receptor , resulting in sedative , hypnotic ( sleep-inducing ) , anxiolytic ( anti-anxiety ) , anticonvulsant , and muscle relaxant properties . High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation . These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety , insomnia , agitation , seizures , muscle spasms , alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures . Benzodiazepines are categorized as either short - , intermediate - , or long-acting . Short - and intermediate-acting benzodiazepines are preferred for the treatment of insomnia ; longer-acting benzodiazepines are recommended for the treatment of anxiety . Benzodiazepines are generally viewed as safe and effective for short-term use , although cognitive impairment and paradoxical effects such as aggression or behavioral disinhibition occasionally occur . A minority of people can have paradoxical reactions such as worsened agitation or panic . Long-term use is controversial because of concerns about adverse psychological and physical effects , decreasing effectiveness , and physical dependence and withdrawal . As a result of adverse effects associated with the long-term use of benzodiazepines , withdrawal from benzodiazepines , in general , leads to improved physical and mental health . The elderly are at an increased risk of suffering from both short - and long-term adverse effects , and as a result , all benzodiazepines are listed in the Beers List of inappropriate medications for older adults . There is controversy concerning the safety of benzodiazepines in pregnancy . While they are not major teratogens , uncertainty remains as to whether they cause cleft palate in a small number of babies and whether neurobehavioural effects occur as a result of prenatal exposure ; they are known to cause withdrawal symptoms in the newborn . Benzodiazepines can be taken in overdoses and can cause dangerous deep unconsciousness . However , they are less toxic than their predecessors , the barbiturates , and death rarely results when a benzodiazepine is the only drug taken . When combined with other central nervous system ( CNS ) depressants such as alcoholic drinks and opioids , the potential for toxicity and fatal overdose increases . Benzodiazepines are commonly misused and taken in combination with other drugs of abuse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c11fe81482a7033f9a7459b6e77365b7", "text": "Dopamine Dopamine ( DA , contracted from 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine ) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body . It is an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of its precursor chemical L-DOPA , which is synthesized in the brain and kidneys . Dopamine is also synthesized in plants and most animals . In the brain , dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter -- a chemical released by neurons ( nerve cells ) to send signals to other nerve cells . The brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways , one of which plays a major role in reward-motivated behavior . Most types of rewards increase the level of dopamine in the brain , and many addictive drugs increase dopamine neuronal activity . Other brain dopamine pathways are involved in motor control and in controlling the release of various hormones . These pathways and cell groups form a dopamine system which is neuromodulatory . Outside the central nervous system , dopamine functions primarily as a local chemical messenger . In blood vessels , it inhibits norepinephrine release and acts as a vasodilator ( at normal concentrations ) ; in the kidneys , it increases sodium excretion and urine output ; in the pancreas , it reduces insulin production ; in the digestive system , it reduces gastrointestinal motility and protects intestinal mucosa ; and in the immune system , it reduces the activity of lymphocytes . With the exception of the blood vessels , dopamine in each of these peripheral systems is synthesized locally and exerts its effects near the cells that release it . Several important diseases of the nervous system are associated with dysfunctions of the dopamine system , and some of the key medications used to treat them work by altering the effects of dopamine . Parkinson 's disease , a degenerative condition causing tremor and motor impairment , is caused by a loss of dopamine-secreting neurons in an area of the midbrain called the substantia nigra . Its metabolic precursor L-DOPA can be manufactured , and in its pure form marketed as Levodopa is the most widely used treatment for the condition . There is evidence that schizophrenia involves altered levels of dopamine activity , and most antipsychotic drugs used to treat this are dopamine antagonists which reduce dopamine activity . Similar dopamine antagonist drugs are also some of the most effective anti-nausea agents . Restless legs syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) are associated with decreased dopamine activity . Dopaminergic stimulants can be addictive in high doses , but some are used at lower doses to treat ADHD . Dopamine itself is available as a manufactured medication for intravenous injection : although it can not reach the brain from the bloodstream , its peripheral effects make it useful in the treatment of heart failure or shock , especially in newborn babies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d93243828fb4fdce7a9350295a6ded3", "text": "Controlled substance A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture , possession , or use is regulated by a government , such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated a Controlled Drug in the United Kingdom . In the United States , the Drug Enforcement Administration is responsible for suppressing illegal drug use and distribution by enforcing the Controlled Substances Act , which regulates both the drugs themselves and certain precursors . Some U.S. states have additional restrictions for substances which might or might not be regulated by the federal government . During the Obama Administration , the federal government also voluntarily suspended enforcement of federal laws restricting marijuana where people were operating in compliance with state law . Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries , even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves . Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances . The controlled substances do not include many prescription items such as antibiotics . Some states in the U.S. have statutes against health care providers self-prescribing and/or administering substances listed in the Controlled Substance Act schedules . This does not forbid licensed providers from self-prescribing medications not on the schedules .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "594beb7bf9698602fcdfd7a3714cbae1", "text": "Tapentadol Tapentadol ( brand names : Nucynta , Palexia and Tapal ) is a centrally acting opioid analgesic of the benzenoid class with a dual mode of action as an agonist of the μ-opioid receptor and as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor ( NRI ) . Analgesia occurs within 32 minutes of oral administration , and lasts for 4 -- 6 hours . It is similar to tramadol in its dual mechanism of action ; namely , its ability to activate the mu opioid receptor and inhibit the reuptake of norepinephrine . Unlike tramadol , it has only weak effects on the reuptake of serotonin and is a significantly more potent opioid with no known active metabolites . Tapentadol is not a pro-drug and therefore does not rely on metabolism to produce its therapeutic effects ; this makes it a useful moderate-potency analgesic option for patients who do not respond adequately to more commonly used opioids due to genetic disposition ( poor metabolizers of CYP3A4 and CYP2D6 ) , as well as providing a more consistent dosage-response range among the patient population . Tapentadol general potency is somewhere between that of tramadol and morphine , with an analgesic efficacy comparable to that of oxycodone despite a lower incidence of side effects . It is generally regarded as a weak-moderate strength opioid ( a category shared by many better-known opioids such as hydrocodone and pethidine ) . Tapentadol was approved by the US FDA in November 2008 , by the TGA of Australia in December 2010 and by the MHRA of the UK in February 2011.1", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ab6e531dc3098c9c62f85b1f018548a", "text": "D-DOPA D-DOPA ( D-3 ,4 - dihydroxyphenylalanine ; dextrodopa ) is similar to L-DOPA ( levodopa ) , but with opposite chirality . Levo - and dextro - rotation reference a molecule 's ability to rotate planes of polarized light in either direction . Whereas L-DOPA is moderately effective in the treatment of Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) and Dopamine-responsive dystonia ( DRD ) by stimulating the production of dopamine in the brain , D-DOPA is biologically inactive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71a88ea47b0894520f85442b96af7b16", "text": "Dopamine releasing agent A dopamine releasing agent ( DRA ) is a type of drug which induces the release of dopamine in the body and/or brain . No selective DRAs are currently known . Many releasing agents of both dopamine and norepinephrine ( norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents , or NDRAs ) and of serotonin , norepinephrine , and dopamine are known ( serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine releasing agents , or SNDRAs ) , however . Examples of NDRAs include amphetamine and methamphetamine , and an example of an SNDRA is MDMA . These drugs are frequently encountered as drugs of abuse . A closely related type of drug is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor ( DRI ) . Various selective DRIs are known , in contrast to the case of DRAs . It is particularly of note that the mechanism of action at DAT for dopamine releasers/substrates is entropy-driven ( i.e. hydrophobic ) , whereas for dopamine re-uptake inhibitors it is enthalpy-driven ( i.e. conformational change ) . There is some , albeit mixed , in vitro evidence that the antidepressant and modestly selective DRI amineptine may in addition to inhibiting the reuptake of dopamine selectively induce the presynaptic release of dopamine without affecting that of norepinephrine or serotonin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1368246f5f7f54bcf2c51de505dab3ce", "text": "Tametraline Tametraline ( CP-24 ,441 ) is the parent of a series of chemical compounds investigated at Pfizer that eventually led to the development of sertraline ( CP-51 ,974 -1 ) . Sertraline has been called `` 3,4-dichloro-tametraline '' . This is correct but it is an oversimplification in the sense that sertraline is the S,S-isomer whereas tametraline is the 1R,4S-stereoisomer . 1R-Methylamino-4S-phenyl-tetralin is a potent inhibitor of norepinephrine uptake in rat brain synaptosomes , reverses reserpine induced hypothermia in mice , and blocks uptake of 3H into rat heart . Tametraline is a norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor . Indatraline is an indanamine homolog of tetralin-based tametraline , although in the case of indatraline the product is pm-dichlorinated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "679c13f8fb46a560a249bb874d23a171", "text": "RTI-112 RTI ( -4229 ) -112 ( 2β-carbomethoxy-3β - ( 3-methyl-4-chlorophenyl ) tropane ) is a synthetic stimulant drug from the phenyltropane family . In contrast to RTI-113 , which is DAT selective , RTI-112 is a nonselective triple reuptake inhibitor . In vitro tests show a very similar serotonin transporter ( SERT ) / dopamine transporter ( DAT ) / norepinephrine transporter ( NET ) selectivity to cocaine , although in vivo behaviour is different : `` The nonselective monoamine transporter inhibitor RTI-126 and the DAT-selective inhibitors RTI-150 and RTI-336 both had a faster rate of onset ( 30 min ) and a short duration of action ( 4h ) . In contrast , the nonselective monoamine transporter inhibitor RTI-112 had a slower rate of onset ( 30 -- 60 min ) and a longer duration of action ( 10h ) . The DAT-selective inhibitors RTI-171 and RTI-177 also had slower rates of onset ( 30 -- 120 min ) , but RTI-171 had a short duration of action ( 2.5 h ) while RTI-177 had a very long duration of action ( 20 h ) . '' The efficacy of cocaine analogs to elicit self-administration is related to the rate at which they are administered . Slower onset analogs are less likely to function as behavioral stimulants than analogs eliciting a faster rate of onset . Nonselective analogs are less likely to function as `` reinforcers '' than reuptake inhibitors that have DAT specificity . In order for a dopamine reuptake inhibitor ( DRI ) such as cocaine to induce euphoria , PET scans on primates reveal that the DAT occupancy needs to be > 60 % . RTI-112 has equipotent in vitro affinity at the SERT , NET and DAT , respectively . RTI-112 was not reliably self-administered , in contrast to the DAT selective reuptake inhibitors that were used in this study . In vivo at the ED50 , RTI-112 had no DAT occupancy at all . At the ED50 , almost all of the RTI-112 occupied the SERT at this dose . A significantly higher dose was required to get > 70 % DAT occupancy in the case of RTI-112 ; however , RTI-112 was still able to suppress cocaine administration at the ED50 , suggesting a serotonergic mechanism was responsible for this .", "title": "" } ]
fever
2503516b27120f99d1b99e2acaa5fddf
Novak Djokovic was born in 1987.
[ { "docid": "07395d5c750a558d458d5dff6be0621b", "text": "Novak Djokovic Novak Djokovic ( Новак Ђоковић , Novak Đoković , -LSB- nôʋaːk d͡ʑôːkoʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born 22 May 1987 ) , often referred to by the hypocorism Nole , is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men 's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) . He is considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time . Djokovic holds the highest match winning rate ( 82.8 % ) in the Open Era , as of May 2017 . Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles , the fourth most in history , and held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks . In majors , Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles , three Wimbledon titles , two US Open titles and one French Open title . In 2016 , he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam ; by winning the 2016 French Open , Djokovic became the third man to hold all four major titles at once , the first since Rod Laver in 1969 , and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces . Djokovic has won an all-time record of 30 Masters 1000 series titles , tied with Rafael Nadal . Djokovic 's records include breaking the single-season record with six masters titles in 2015 , winning 31 consecutive ATP World Tour Masters 1000 series matches , playing in the finals at all nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments ( shared with Roger Federer and Nadal , and being the only player to win eight of the nine events ( and at least twice ) . Among other titles , he has won the ATP World Tour Finals five times and was on the Serbian team which won the 2010 Davis Cup . He also won the Bronze medal in men 's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Djokovic is the first Serbian player to be ranked No. 1 by the ATP and the first male player representing Serbia to win a Grand Slam singles title . Djokovic has won numerous awards , including the 2012 , 2015 , and 2016 Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year , 2011 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year , five-time ITF World Champion , and four-time ATP year-end number 1 . He is a recipient of the Order of St. Sava , the Order of Karađorđe 's Star and the Order of the Republika Srpska .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "933058697b5999db9f4c3fea7834a2ab", "text": "Association of Tennis Professionals The Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) was formed in September 1972 by Donald Dell , Bob Briner , Jack Kramer , and Cliff Drysdale to protect the interests of male professional tennis players . Drysdale became the first President . Since 1990 , the association has organized the worldwide tennis tour for men and linked the title of the tour with the organization 's name . In 1990 the organization was called the ATP Tour , which was renamed in 2001 as just ATP and the tour being called ATP Tour . In 2009 the name was changed again and is now known as the ATP World Tour . It is an evolution of the tour competitions previously known as Grand Prix tennis tournaments and World Championship Tennis ( WCT ) . The ATP 's global headquarters are in London , United Kingdom . ATP Americas is based in Ponte Vedra Beach , United States ; ATP Europe is headquartered in Monaco ; and ATP International , which covers Africa , Asia and Australasia , is based in Sydney , Australia . The counterpart organization in the women 's professional game is the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44ec0ffd2f8b38c23f1d07474a83c201", "text": "Arnaud Boetsch Arnaud Boetsch ( born 1 April 1969 ) is a former French tennis player who turned professional in 1987 . Known for his stylish single-handed backhand , he won 3 career titles , reaching his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 12 in April 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f494c484cb6b3151e73e4aad999eca97", "text": "2014 ATP World Tour Finals The 2014 ATP World Tour Finals ( also known as the 2014 Barclays ATP World Tour Finals for sponsorship reasons ) was a men 's tennis tournament played at the O2 Arena in London , United Kingdom , between 9 and 16 November 2014 . It was the season-ending event for the best singles players and doubles teams on the 2014 ATP World Tour . The Bryan Brothers won the title at the doubles tournament , while Novak Djokovic successfully defended his single title for the second time after Roger Federer withdrew from the final , the first walkover in a final in the tournament 's 45-year history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "368f815a364b8a5924186d5253992b22", "text": "French Open The French Open , often referred to as Roland-Garros ( -LSB- ʁɔlɑ̃ ɡaʁɔs -RSB- ) , is a major tennis tournament held over two weeks between late May and early June at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris , France . Named after the French aviator Roland Garros , it is the premier clay court tennis championship event in the world and the second of four annual Grand Slam tournaments , the other three being the Australian Open , Wimbledon and the US Open . Roland Garros is currently the only major held on clay , and it is the zenith of the spring clay court season . Because of the seven rounds needed for a championship , the slow-playing surface and the best-of-five-set men 's singles matches ( without a tiebreak in the final set ) , the event is widely considered to be the most physically demanding tennis tournament in the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72e2ee81992d03e97f73eac850ef9636", "text": "2013 Monte-Carlo Rolex Masters – Singles Rafael Nadal was the eight-time defending champion , but was defeated in the final by Novak Djokovic 2 -- 6 , 6 -- 7 ( 1 -- 7 ) , bringing an end to Nadal 's 46-match winning streak at the event . As a result , Djokovic became the first man ever to win singles titles at 8 of the 9 Masters 1000 series tournaments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd6b1f9dd2b5b596f60116130a542a82", "text": "Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup . The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup . Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 . The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles . A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event . A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year . Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ea5194479895d8baf3a94aa7676c944", "text": "ATP Itaparica Known by various names , ATP Itaparica is a defunct men 's tennis tournament that was part of the Grand Prix tennis circuit from 1986 to 1989 and the ATP Tour in 1990 . The event was held in Itaparica , Brazil and was played on outdoor hard courts . One Brazilian reached the final , Luiz Mattar in 1987 , when he was beaten by Andre Agassi . It was Agassi 's first win on the main ATP Tour . In 1990 , Mats Wilander won his final career tournament here . In 1991 the tournament was replaced by the ATP São Paulo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89f382872e6f1022ee3d2ea0b2e74767", "text": "1987 Italian Open (tennis) The 1987 Italian Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Foro Italico in Rome in Italy that was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix and of 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series . The men 's tournament was held from 11 May through 17 May 1987 while the women 's tournament was held from 4 May through 10 May 1987 . Mats Wilander and Steffi Graf won the singles titles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c7bc440ddded61607b0c71962bff6fa", "text": "Kevin Anderson (tennis) Kevin Anderson ( born 18 May 1986 ) is a South African professional tennis player . He became the top-ranked male South African player on 10 March 2008 after making the final at the 2008 Tennis Channel Open in Las Vegas . He achieved his career-high ranking of World No. 10 on 12 October 2015 . He is the first South African to be ranked in the top 10 since Wayne Ferreira was No. 10 on 5 May 1997 . On 6 February 2011 , he defeated Somdev Devvarman in his hometown of Johannesburg to capture the South African Open title for his first ATP-level event title . His second ATP title came at the Delray Beach Open in 2012 when he defeated Marinko Matosevic . Anderson won his third ATP 250 championship in 2015 at the Winston-Salem Open with a victory over Pierre-Hugues Herbert . Anderson has represented South Africa in both Davis Cup and Hopman Cup play , as well as in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . In June 2016 , Kevin co-founded the tennis instructional and lifestyle website titled Realife Tennis which offers in-depth online instruction and unprecedented access to life on the professional tennis circuit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf088ab255d1b595c3f65a840c9f6498", "text": "2014 Stan Wawrinka tennis season The 2014 Stan Wawrinka tennis season began at the Chennai Open , where he won the title for the second time in his career . This was followed by victory at the Australian Open , where he defeated defending champion Novak Djokovic in the quarterfinals , followed by victory over world no. 1 Rafael Nadal in the final , to win his first ever Grand Slam title , launching him to a career-high no. 3 in the world , and the Swiss no. 1 ( ahead of Roger Federer ) for the first time in his career . Additionally , he won his first Masters 1000 title , defeating compatriot Federer in the final after coming back from a set down . During the first half of the season , Wawrinka went a perfect 6 -- 0 against top-10 opponents , including wins against three of the `` Big Four '' ( Djokovic , Nadal , and Federer ) . He also reached the semifinals of the ATP World Tour Finals for the second time in a row and finished the year helping Switzerland win their first Davis Cup . He was defending champion in Oeiras , but withdrew before the tournament began .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3530015e1e6216d1c98b80d719084f25", "text": "Bosworth Tennis Bosworth Tennis , also known as Bosworth International , is a family business which specializes in stringing tennis rackets but also designs and alters other aspects of tennis rackets to match the personal preferences of the players . They have worked with many of the top tennis players , notably Ivan Lendl . The company was created by Warren Bosworth in 1975 . By 1992 his business moved from Glastonbury , Connecticut to Boca Raton . It is now led by his son Jay Bosworth , who joined the company in 1982 . It is one of a handful of highly specialized companies catering to the top professional players , compabarable to Roman Prokes ( Maria Sharapova , Andy Roddick ) and Nate Ferguson ( Roger Federer , Novak Djokovic ) , but they also provide similar services to amateur players . Warren M. Bosworth Jr. ( January 5 , 1935 - July 7 , 2010 ) was born in Providence , Rhode Island . After his studies of embalment at the New England Institute of Anatomy , Warren Bosworth had many jobs , including embalmer at his father 's Warren M. Bosworth Funeral Home , and investment banker , before starting around 1970 a company that maintained tennis court surfaces . He married Barbara Bedard in 1959 . They lived with their three children in Hartford , Connecticut . After he had bought and adapted a stringing machine in 1972 , he was asked to redesign the stringing machine at Ektelon Corp. . He started working for the Aetna World Cup tournament in Hartford , and by 1976 became the Floor General there , responsible for the stringing , the grounds and the ball courts . In 1975 , he was so well known as a stringer and qualified pro trainer that he retired from the investment banking and became a full-time stringer , touring the circuit with his Bosworth Racket Clinic . Most famous collaboration is the one with Lendl . Roscoe Tanner claims his streak at the US Open in 79 ( including wins against Lendl and Borg ) was caused by Bosworth adjusting his rackets . Working with many of the top professional players , he was nicknamed `` The Wizard of Boz '' and `` The Doctor '' . He also worked as chief technical consultant for Snauwaert . In 1980 , he designed his first full racket , the Snauwaert Dyno . His second design was a racket for Jimmy Connors . Warren Bosworth also invented new stringing patterns like the Bosworth Pattern , perfect squares surrounded by rectangles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad258469a1123cae8bfdcfd37d299e1c", "text": "Top Spin 4 Top Spin 4 is a tennis video game developed by 2K Czech and published by 2K Sports released on the PlayStation 3 , Wii , and Xbox 360 consoles . The game features licensed professional players , venues and equipment with professional players like Roger Federer , Rafael Nadal , Novak Djokovic , Andy Murray , Pete Sampras and Andre Agassi . The game was released on March 15 , 2011 in America , and was released on March 18 in UK/Europe . A downloadable demo was released on March 1 for the PS3 and Xbox 360 . The PS3 version supports the PlayStation Move and is also compatible in 3D . The Xbox 360 version does not support the Kinect but is 3D compatible .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "080bb194691d76dac79b2e79480716cc", "text": "Djokovic–Wawrinka rivalry The Djokovic -- Wawrinka rivalry is between tennis players Novak Djokovic and Stan Wawrinka . In this matchup Djokovic leads 19 -- 5 , however the two have contested many close matches , including four five-setters at Grand Slam level . Wawrinka and Djokovic have played three consecutive Australian Open years , each match going to five sets , and a five-setter in the US Open : in the 2013 Australian Open fourth round , which Djokovic won 12 -- 10 in a fifth set ; at the 2013 US Open semifinals , which Djokovic won 6 -- 4 in a fifth set ; and at the 2014 Australian Open quarterfinals , which Wawrinka won 9 -- 7 in a close fifth set . Wawrinka 's win broke Djokovic 's impressive run of 14 straight semifinals in Grand Slam play , ended a 28-match winning streak , and prevented Djokovic from capturing a record fifth Australian Open crown . Djokovic got revenge in the 2015 Australian Open , winning 6 -- 0 in the fifth set , but again it went the distance . At the 2015 French Open final , Wawrinka defeated Djokovic in four sets to claim his second Grand Slam title . At the 2016 US Open , Wawrinka beat Djokovic in a Grand Slam final for the second time to collect his third Grand Slam title . Djokovic lost 7 -- 6 ( 7 -- 1 ) , 4 -- 6 , 5 -- 7 , 3 -- 6 . Despite Djokovic 's 19 -- 5 overall record against Wawrinka , Wawrinka leads Djokovic 2 -- 0 in Grand Slam finals and 3 -- 2 in all ATP finals . Moreover , in Djokovic 's 21 Grand Slam championship matches , Wawrinka is the only opponent he has not defeated at least once , and the only opponent outside the Big Four who has defeated him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "360a2576bfaaa5df48cccd77031157f9", "text": "2017 French Open – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic is the defending champion . Rafael Nadal is attempting to complete the `` triple Decima '' by winning his tenth French Open title , having already won his tenth title in both Barcelona and Monte Carlo earlier in the season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "363c16092b1aab5f47b235ef4726cff3", "text": "2015 Miami Open – Men's Singles Novak Djokovic was the defending champion , and successfully defended his title by defeating Andy Murray in the final , 7 -- 6 ( 7 -- 3 ) , 4 -- 6 , 6 -- 0 . It was Djokovic 's fifth Miami Masters title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1842314141c026647b93140aad5886fe", "text": "Slobodan Živojinović Slobodan `` Boba '' Živojinović ( Слободан Живојиновић , -LSB- slɔbɔ̌dan ʒiʋɔjǐːnɔʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born on July 23 , 1963 ) is a retired Serbian tennis player who competed for SFR Yugoslavia . Together with Nenad Zimonjić he is the only tennis player from Serbia to be the World No. 1 in doubles . As a singles player , he reached the semi-finals of the 1985 Australian Open and the 1986 Wimbledon Championships , achieving a career-high ranking of World No. 19 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c8163d5ca04ae7a34a4e188313140f8", "text": "2009 Serbia Open The 2009 Serbia Open ( also known as Serbia Open powered by Telekom Srbija for sponsorship reasons ) was a men 's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts . It was the first edition of the event known that year as the Serbia Open , and was a part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2009 ATP World Tour . It took place at the Milan Gale Muškatirović complex in Belgrade , Serbia , from May 2 through May 10 , 2009 . The singles draw was headlined by the tournament 's host , Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) No. 3 , 2008 Tennis Masters Cup , Dubai winner and recent Miami , Monte Carlo and Rome runner-up Novak Djokovic from Serbia . Other featured stars included reigning Nottingham champion Ivo Karlović , and Gstaad and Umag finalist Igor Andreev . Other seeds included Andreas Seppi from Italy , Belgrade Challenger winner Viktor Troicki , Ivan Ljubičić , Arnaud Clément and Christophe Rochus . The doubles draw was headlined by 2008 year-end World No. 1 doubles team , 2008 Tennis Masters Cup , Rotterdam , Monte Carlo , Barcelona and Rome champions Daniel Nestor and Nenad Zimonjić , both born in Belgrade ( although Nestor grew up from early childhood in Canada and represents that country ) . Also competing were Acapulco runners-up Łukasz Kubot and Oliver Marach , Stephen Huss and Ross Hutchins , and Simon Aspelin and Paul Hanley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1051c5ec59f3ce29a79ef79798e60474", "text": "1987 (artist) 1987 , real name Victor Holmberg ( born 28 April 1987 ) , is a producer , songwriter and musician of solo projects . He is also a member of the Swedish electronic music duo Montauk .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0db096874f6fafc404acc04e076635ec", "text": "1987 Bristol Open The 1987 Bristol Open was a tennis tournament played on grass courts that was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix . It was played at Bristol in Great Britain from 15 to 22 June 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d940de0fe78480631c6841ab9ee2aa5", "text": "2007 Davidoff Swiss Indoors The 2007 Davidoff Swiss Indoors was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts . It was the 38th edition of the event known that year as the Davidoff Swiss Indoors , and was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour . It took place at the St. Jakobshalle in Basel , Switzerland , from October 22 through October 28 , 2007 . The singles field was led by World No. 1 , Australian Open , Wimbledon and US Open winner , Basel defending champion Roger Federer , Australian Open runner-up , Beijing titlist , and 2005 Basel winner Fernando González , and US Open semifinalist , Auckland , Tokyo and Båstad champion David Ferrer . Also competing were Sydney and New Haven titlist James Blake , Halle winner Tomáš Berdych , Guillermo Cañas , Juan Ignacio Chela and Paul-Henri Mathieu .", "title": "" } ]
fever
2b64a03731aa4227157e14e9c7e7f4d6
The life of the writer of Thirteen is the basis for the story.
[ { "docid": "e1596b177698e53accab45022fae7335", "text": "Thirteen (2003 film) Thirteen is a 2003 American semi-autobiographical drama film , directed by Catherine Hardwicke , and written by Hardwicke and Nikki Reed , based on events from Reed 's life at age 12 and 13 . It stars Evan Rachel Wood , with Wood 's character `` Tracy '' being loosely based upon Reed . Nikki Reed herself co-stars in the role of Evie Zamora . The script was written in six days . The film caused controversy upon its release , because it dealt with topics like drugs such as inhalants , marijuana , and alcohol , underage sexual behavior , and self-harm . The film earned Holly Hunter an Academy Award nomination for Best Actress in a Supporting Role and Golden Globe nominations for Hunter and Evan Rachel Wood for Best Supporting Actress and Best Actress in a Drama , respectively .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265", "text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2a3c1e00bc08821cd34895d19684519", "text": "In a Glass Darkly In a Glass Darkly is a collection of five short stories by Sheridan Le Fanu , first published in 1872 , the year before his death . The second and third are revised versions of previously published stories , and the fourth and fifth are long enough to be called novellas . The title is taken from 1 Corinthians 13:12 , a deliberate misquotation of the passage which describes humanity as perceiving the world `` through a glass darkly '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2072561bca14c573bfa91a7013a03d2b", "text": "Hilbert's thirteenth problem Hilbert 's thirteenth problem is one of the 23 Hilbert problems set out in a celebrated list compiled in 1900 by David Hilbert . It entails proving whether a solution exists for all 7th-degree equations using algebraic ( variant : continuous ) functions of two arguments . It was first presented in the context of nomography , and in particular `` nomographic construction '' -- a process whereby a function of several variables is constructed using functions of two variables . Hilbert 's conjecture , that it is not always possible to find such a solution , was disproven in 1957 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d0ef81b728628170cd847a416f9eeb6", "text": "Lewis Carroll: A Biography Lewis Carroll : A Biography is a 1995 biography of author Lewis Carroll by Morton N. Cohen , first published by Knopf , later by Macmillan . It is generally considered to be the definitive scholarly work on Carroll 's ( real name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson ) life . Cohen 's approach is mainly chronological , with some chapters grouped by theme , such as those on Carroll 's religion , his love of little girls , and his guilty feelings . Cohen , a Carroll scholar for 30 years , opts to use Dodgson 's first name , Charles , throughout the work , because it `` seems most appropriate in a book dealing with the intimacy of his life '' . The book generally assumes that Carroll 's love of little girls was not just emotional but sexual -- that he was a paedophile , albeit a suppressed one . In the book Cohen writes : `` We can not know to what extent sexual urges lay behind Charles 's preference for drawing and photographing children in the nude . He contended that the preference was entirely aesthetic . But given his emotional attachment to children as well as his aesthetic appreciation of their forms , his assertion that his interest was strictly artistic is naïve . He probably felt more than he dared acknowledge , even to himself . '' While attributing the source of Carroll 's chaotic emotional life to his sexual urges , Cohen opined that they were also responsible for his creative works . Karoline Leach in In the Shadow of the Dreamchild ( 1999 ) writes that Cohen and previous biographers misunderstood the norms and customs of the Victorian era , and that Carroll 's adulation of children was not sexual but a reflection of the romanticisation of the child prevalent in that era . Contrariwise , a website set up by opponents ( including Leach ) of the tradition Carroll image , reports that while Cohen acknowledges the paedophilic nature of Carroll 's image , he `` Inexplicably he lists the numbers of intimate woman-friends that Dodgson had through his life , yet still concludes that his existence revolved exclusively around friendships with small girls ! '' Jo Elwyn Jones and J. Francis Gladstone in The Alice Companion : A Guide to Lewis Carroll 's Alice Books ( 1998 ) criticises the book for what they say is a poor treatment of Carroll 's involvement in controversies at the University of Oxford . Megan Harlan in Entertainment Weekly writes that `` This beautifully written bio never shies away from the house-of-mirrors complexity of its subject . '' An issue of Victorian Studies reported that there were issues with inconsistent references . Miles Edward Friend compares Cohen 's handling of the material to Carroll 's boat trips with the children , saying , `` With Cohen at the tiller , we are deftly guided through the flow of Carroll 's life . '' Ronald Warwick in Times Higher Education criticises Cohen 's interpretation of Carroll 's relationship with his archdeacon father ; his `` insecure grasp of 19th-century ecclesiastical history '' ; his prose , which Warwich called cliched ; and his choice to use Dodgson 's first name , which Warwick said was not used even by Dodgson 's most intimate male friends .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324", "text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018030b5cdc597a90366452b05fa9ca3", "text": "Geert R. A. Kliphuis Geert Richt Alexander Kliphuis is an author , songwriter and guitarist , born in the Netherlands in 1955 , and currently living in Brussels , Belgium . His father was the art therapist Maks Kliphuis ( 1923-2015 ) , as a teacher one of the driving forces behind Middeloo , the social-pedagogic training centre for therapists in Amersfoort , the Netherlands , and later head of the department of creative process therapy -LSB- 1 -RSB- at the Jelgersma Kliniek of Leiden University . Kliphuis 's mother , who died in 1964 , was Nel van der Velde , a drama teacher , radio presenter and author of children 's books , and poetry and fiction for adults . ( Het Kleinere Werk and Het Grotere Werk were published posthumously in 2008/2009 by the Erven Nel Kliphuis-Van der Velde . ) Working as a street-musician in Brussels , the former West-Berlin , Barcelona , Hamburg , London and Paris during the 1970s and 1980s , Kliphuis wrote an extensive series of short travel stories for NRC Handelsblad , the national newspaper published in Rotterdam . He applied the same format for his songs : concise observations with a tragicomical undercurrent . The Belgian band Vaya Con Dios recorded his At the Parallel -LSB- 2 -RSB- , to great critical acclaim , and On A Hot August Night -LSB- 3 -RSB- . Using the pseudonym Jay Conrad , Kliphuis recorded a twenty-odd songs on two albums , A Penniless Gentleman ( 1994 , BMG ) and Steeltown Girls ( 1997 , Arcade ) . In all , Kliphuis has written close to 70 songs , all registered at SABAM . These days he writes novels , such as The Mirror City -LSB- 4 -RSB- , and publishes Zeitgeist Letters -LSB- 5 -RSB- , a non-profit online magazine about medieval Arabic science and philosophy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba", "text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1e15733cb3c19992bcd511937a0e799", "text": "13th century in poetry", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37b8a1db3c5a885cbc06169c5c9cf051", "text": "Sonnet 13 Sonnet 13 is one of 154 sonnets written by the English playwright and poet William Shakespeare . It is a procreation sonnet within the Fair Youth sequence . In the sonnet , the speaker declares his admiration and love for the beauty of youth , but warns this figure of youth that he will lose it if he does n't revitalize himself through offspring . The primary arguments made in this procreation sonnet are the maintenance of self-identity and duty to one 's own heritage . His tone throughout the sonnet is intimate , highlighting the theme of affection for youth that is prevalent in the first seventeen sonnets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e62f39ecb828410044e750a8e14e0dd9", "text": "Sylvie (novel) Sylvie ( 1853 ) is a novella by French Romanticist Gérard de Nerval . It was first published in the periodical La Revue des Deux Mondes in 1853 , and as a book in Les Filles du feu in 1854 , just a few months before Nerval killed himself in January 1855 . Sylvie is often considered to be Nerval 's prose masterpiece , and has been a favorite of Marcel Proust , André Breton , Joseph Cornell and Umberto Eco . Harold Bloom included it in The Western Canon ( 1994 ) . An idyll written in the form of a reminiscence , the story is about a hero 's love for three women , all of whom he loses ; a hymn to unattainable , unrequited love . The story begins when a paragraph in a newspaper plunges the narrator into his memories as a younger man . The perspective seems to shift back and forth between the past and present , so the reader is never entirely sure if the narrator is recounting past events from memory , or retelling current events as they happen . Critics have praised the writing for its lucid and lyrical style . The narrator , of noble status who has recently come into an inheritance , decides to leave Paris , where he is living a debauched life of theater and drink , and return to the love of his youth , a peasant girl named Sylvie who has classic features and brunette hair , a `` timeless ideal '' . She sews gloves for a living and ends up marrying another man more equal to her class . The narrator also loves a seductive actress in Paris named Aurelia , who has many suitors who tell her empty idylls of love , but none love her for who she really is , including the narrator , who sees her as a lovely illusion that fades in the daylight of reality . The narrator also loves Adrienne , of noble birth , tall with blonde hair , she is an `` ideal beauty '' , but she lives in a convent , and dies an early death . In the end , he loves all three but obtains none , seemingly for reasons both beyond and within his making . Sylvie has many features of Romanticism , including flowing descriptions of a beautiful but lost natural world , appreciation for the architecture and traditions of the Middle Ages , and Greek traditions . The use of color appears to be unique , with binary oppositions serving as a simplifying mechanism to make distant memories emerge more strikingly from the mist . The novel contains autobiographical elements . As in the story , Nerval often traveled to Germany and the east . Nerval had an unhappy love for a real actress , Jenny Colon . He had a female childhood friend named Adrienne , who he unhappily lost earlier in life . These unattainable and lost female figures are represented in the story , as well in his other works and real life , Nerval lost his mother at an early age . Guillaume Apollinaire relates ( in La Vie Anecdotique ) that while writing Sylvie , Nerval spent eight days in Chantilly solely to study a sunset that he needed for it . Julien Gracq wrote of Sylvie in 1966 : `` I know of no more enchanted narrative in our language '' ( `` Je ne connais aucun récit plus enchanté dans notre langue '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8eeec74ebe05a213a542279c7857cad", "text": "The Dream of Scipio (novel) The Dream of Scipio is a novel by Iain Pears . It is set in Provence at three different critical moments of Western civilization -- the collapse of the Roman Empire in the fifth century , the Black Death in the fourteenth , the Second World War in the twentieth -- through which the fortunes of three men are followed : Manlius Hippomanes , a Gallic aristocrat obsessed with the preservation of Roman civilization Olivier de Noyen , a poet and scholar , active in the Papal Court at Avignon Julien Barneuve , an intellectual who cooperates with the Vichy government The story of each man is woven through the narrative , all linked by the Dream of Scipio , written by Manlius ( not Cicero 's eponymous classical text ) and rediscovered by Olivier and Julien . Inspired by the teachings of Sophia , a Neoplatonist philosopher and the daughter of a student of Hypatia , Manlius composes the text to justify the decisions he takes when facing attack by the Visigoths and Burgundians , with little support from Rome . Religious issues , and how politics have influenced religious tolerance , shape all three stories : the roots of twentieth-century anti-semitism are traced and linked to other political decisions to use Jews as scapegoats . The three stories are united by an extended deliberation how one resolves ethical conflicts , emotional commitments , and the quest for the true meaning of human life . The story is narrated by an omniscient narrator , who tells the reader many things which the characters have no way of knowing such as how Olivier de Noyen , diligently searching for ancient manuscripts , narrowly missed finding the only copy of the correspondence between Manlius and Sophia , which could have become a classic comparable to the letters of Abelard and Heloise , and how this manuscript was irrevocably lost in a fire fifty years later ; or how after Julien Barneuve 's death , the photo of his Jewish beloved was carelessly thrown away while the woman herself was sent by the Nazis to Auschwitz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69a38e397493c6d1afff439632cdda5f", "text": "Two Lives (non-fiction) Vikram Seth 's second non-fiction work , Two Lives , is the story of a century and of a love affair across an ethnic divide . As the name suggests , it is a story of two extraordinary lives , that of his great uncle , Shanti Behari Seth , and of his German Jewish great aunt , Hennerle Gerda Caro . Two Lives is divided into five parts , beginning with the teenage author going to live with his uncle and aunt in England for higher studies at the Tonbridge School . His first year is followed by intense travel in Europe . After completing his A-levels , Seth moves on to continue his education at Oxford and Stanford , all the while remaining in contact with his guardian uncle and aunt . The story delves intricately into the ups and downs of the lives of his uncle and aunt . The text is frequently interspersed with photographs , letters , anecdotes based on Shanti 's interviews with the author , and other sources . It won the 2006 Vodafone Crossword Book Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74b65c8d96b632024d5557d9992683ec", "text": "L. Sprague de Camp Lyon Sprague de Camp ( -LSB- ˌspreɪɡdəˈkæmp -RSB- 27 November 1907 -- 6 November 2000 ) , better known as L. Sprague de Camp , was an American writer of science fiction , fantasy , non-fiction and biography . In a career spanning 60 years , he wrote over 100 books , including novels and works of non-fiction , such as biographies of other fantasy authors . He was a major figure in science fiction in the 1930s and 1940s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a75d08a66fc8edeed0184f0c1a3ed96d", "text": "The Rolling Years The Rolling Years is the first novel by the American writer Agnes Sligh Turnbull ( 1888 -- 1982 ) and it is set in Westmoreland County , Pennsylvania , just east of Pittsburgh . It is a family chronicle ( 1852 -- 1910 ) of three generations of Scottish-American Presbyterians in rural Western Pennsylvania and their struggles to maintain their strict faith . The first generation is Daniel and Sarah McDowell , a farm couple . Sarah bears 12 children ( of whom five survive ) to her dour Calvinistic husband ; her bitterness about her repeated , difficult confinements is effectively shown . The second generation is about their children , David and Jeannie . David moves to Pittsburgh where he becomes a judge . Jeannie marries a minister who has been serving as the local school teacher to earn money to complete his education . Jeannie 's daughter , Constance , represents the third generation . She becomes a school teacher and struggles to find her place in a changing world . The novel dramatizes the gradual weakening of the strict Calvinism of the Scottish immigrants in an increasingly secular society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "176340bfc533a754d1397f905f6bb483", "text": "The Twelve Caesars De vita Caesarum ( Latin ; literal translation : About the Life of the Caesars ) , commonly known as The Twelve Caesars , is a set of twelve biographies of Julius Caesar and the first 11 emperors of the Roman Empire written by Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus . The work , written in AD 121 during the reign of the emperor Hadrian , was the most popular work of Suetonius , at that time Hadrian 's personal secretary , and is the largest among his surviving writings . It was dedicated to a friend , the Praetorian prefect Gaius Septicius Clarus . The Twelve Caesars is considered very significant in antiquity and remains a primary source on Roman history . The book discusses the significant and critical period of the Principate from the end of the Republic to the reign of Domitian ; comparisons are often made with Tacitus whose surviving works document a similar period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2161d0a684c85c3a46f736340048f611", "text": "Edward Page Mitchell Edward Page Mitchell ( 1852 -- 1927 ) was an American editorial and short story writer for The Sun , a daily newspaper in New York City . He became that newspaper 's editor in 1897 , succeeding Charles Anderson Dana . Mitchell was recognized as a major figure in the early development of the science fiction genre . Mitchell wrote fiction about a man rendered invisible by scientific means ( `` The Crystal Man '' , published in 1881 ) before H.G. Wells 's The Invisible Man , wrote about a time-travel machine ( `` The Clock that Went Backward '' ) before Wells 's The Time Machine , wrote about faster-than-light travel ( `` The Tachypomp '' ; now perhaps his best-known work ) in 1874 , a thinking computer and a cyborg in 1879 ( `` The Ablest Man in the World '' ) , and also wrote the earliest known stories about matter transmission or teleportation ( `` The Man without a Body '' , 1877 ) and a superior mutant ( `` Old Squids and Little Speller '' ) . `` Exchanging Their Souls '' ( 1877 ) is one of the earliest fictional accounts of mind transfer . Mitchell retired in 1926 , a year before dying of a cerebral hemorrhage . The gradual rediscovery of Mitchell and his work is a direct result of the publication in 1973 of a book-length anthology of his stories , compiled by Sam Moskowitz with a detailed introduction by Moskowitz giving much information about Mitchell 's personal life . Because Mitchell 's stories were not by-lined on original publication , nor indexed , Moskowitz expended major effort to track down and collect these works by an author whom Moskowitz cited as `` the lost giant of American science fiction '' . Mitchell 's stories show the strong influence of Edgar Allan Poe . Among other traits , Mitchell shares Poe 's habit of giving a basically serious and dignified fictional character a humorous name , such as `` Professor Dummkopf '' in Mitchell 's `` The Man Without a Body '' . Since Mitchell 's fictions were originally published in newspapers , typeset in the same format as news articles and not identified as fiction , he may possibly have used this device to signal to his readers that this text should not be taken seriously .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "236f3f295ca910899bc0642a449a6fde", "text": "Sonido 13 Sonido 13 is a theory of microtonal music created by the Mexican composer Julián Carrillo around 1900 and described by Nicolas Slonimsky as `` the field of sounds smaller than the twelve semitones of the tempered scale . '' Carrillo developed this theory in 1895 while he was experimenting with his violin . As he placed his finger over a violin string , he noticed that he could produce different sounds than the ones defined by musical convention . This way , he realized that the string could be divided into an infinite number of pitches , creating many more possibilities for music composition . Though he became internationally recognized for his system of notation , it was never widely applied . His first composition in demonstration of his theories was Preludio a Colón ( 1922 ) . The Western musical convention up to this day divides an octave into twelve different pitches that can be arranged or tempered in different intervals . Carrillo termed his new system Sonido 13 , which is Spanish for `` Thirteenth Sound '' or Sound 13 , because it enabled musicians to go beyond the twelve notes that comprise an octave in conventional Western music . Julián Carrillo wrote : `` The Thirteenth Sound will be the beginning of the end and the starting point of a new musical generation coming to transform everything . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "684282d38a143da3155f207769feafe8", "text": "Augustan History The Augustan History ( Latin : Historia Augusta ) is a late Roman collection of biographies , written in Latin , of the Roman Emperors , their junior colleagues , designated heirs and usurpers of the period 117 to 284 . Supposedly modeled on the similar work of Suetonius , The Twelve Caesars , it presents itself as a compilation of works by six different authors ( collectively known as the Scriptores Historiae Augustae ) , written during the reigns of Diocletian and Constantine I and addressed to those emperors or other important personages in Rome . The collection , as extant , comprises thirty biographies , most of which contain the life of a single emperor , while some include a group of two or more , grouped together merely because these emperors were either similar or contemporaneous . However , the true authorship of the work , its actual date , and its purpose , have long been matters for controversy amongst historians and scholars , ever since Hermann Dessau in 1889 rejected both the date and the authorship as stated within the manuscript . Major problems include the nature of the sources it used , and how much of the content is pure fiction . For instance , the collection contains in all about 150 alleged documents , including 68 letters , 60 speeches and proposals to the people or the senate , and 20 senatorial decrees and acclamations . Virtually all of these are now considered to be fraudulent . By the second decade of the 21st century , the overall consensus supported the position that there was only a single author who was writing either at the end of the 4th century or the beginning of the 5th century , and who was interested in blending contemporary issues ( political , religious and social ) into the lives of the 3rd century emperors . Further , that the author used the fictitious elements in the work to highlight references to other published works , such as to Cicero and Ammianus Marcellinus in a complex allegorical game . Despite these conundrums , it is the only continuous account in Latin for much of its period and is thus continually being re-evaluated , since modern historians are unwilling to abandon it as a unique source of possible information , despite its obvious untrustworthiness on many levels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "533577062f6b997466aec7203c904e29", "text": "Christopher Cook (writer) Christopher LaVaughn Cook ( born August 3 , 1952 ) is an American writer whose writing styles and genres include journalism , non-fiction , scriptwriting and fiction , including short stories , novellas and novels .", "title": "" } ]
fever
6383a4f6f149beb781ae5ff2688797c8
Gwen Stefani's band released an album in 1995.
[ { "docid": "9cbfb2f4de8e7b1982da1091a9d42639", "text": "Gwen Stefani Gwen Renée Stefani ( -LSB- gwɛn_ˈstəˈfɑːni -RSB- born October 3 , 1969 ) is an American singer , songwriter , fashion designer , actress , and television personality . She is the co-founder and lead vocalist of the band No Doubt that experienced major success after their breakthrough studio album Tragic Kingdom ( 1995 ) along with various successful singles , including `` Just a Girl '' , `` Do n't Speak '' , `` Hey Baby '' , and `` It 's My Life '' . During the band 's hiatus , Stefani embarked on a solo pop career in 2004 by releasing her debut studio album Love . Angel . Music . Baby . Inspired by pop music from the 1980s , the album was met with both critical and commercial success . It spawned three commercially successful singles : `` What You Waiting For ? '' , `` Rich Girl '' , and `` Hollaback Girl '' , the latter reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 while also becoming the first US download to sell one million copies . In 2006 Stefani released her second studio album The Sweet Escape . The album produced two successful singles : `` Wind It Up '' and the album 's title track `` The Sweet Escape '' . Her third solo album This Is What the Truth Feels Like was released in March 2016 and became her first solo number-one album on the Billboard 200 . Stefani has won three Grammy Awards . As a solo artist she has received various accolades , including an American Music Award , Brit Award , World Music Award and two Billboard Music Awards . In 2003 , she debuted her clothing line L.A.M.B. and expanded her collection with the 2005 Harajuku Lovers line , drawing inspiration from Japanese culture and fashion . Stefani performs and makes public appearances with four back-up dancers known as the Harajuku Girls . She was married to British musician Gavin Rossdale from 2002 to 2015 and they have three sons . Billboard magazine ranked Stefani the 54th most successful artist and 37th most successful Hot 100 artist of the 2000 -- 09 decade . VH1 ranked her 13th on their `` 100 Greatest Women in Music '' list in 2012 . Including her work with No Doubt , Stefani has sold more than 30 million albums worldwide .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7878223fad7c675d4b433c23779a8b86", "text": "Kill Your Idols Kill Your Idols was a hardcore punk band from Long Island/New York City , New York . The band was active from 1995 through 2007 . They were signed to SideOneDummy Records . Their releases on SideOneDummy were Funeral for a Feeling ( 2001 ) , a split with 7 Seconds in 2004 , and From Companionship to Competition ( 2005 ) . Other notable releases by the band were No Gimmicks Needed and This is just the beginning ... which were released on the New York hardcore label Blackout ! records , owned and operated by Bill Wilson . The band released many 7 '' EPs , splits with other bands ( including Full Speed Ahead , Fisticuffs , Voorhees , Good Riddance , and Poison Idea ) , compilation tracks , and full-length LPs in their 11-year run . Most of their records were released on vinyl as well as compact disc . Some were released on different colors of vinyl , different sleeve covers , hand numbered tour presses , and picture discs , making their records a favorite among collectors . They cite Poison Idea , Negative Approach , Sheer Terror , Agnostic Front , Minor Threat , Warzone , Sick of It All , and 7 Seconds as some of their influences . KYI was very fast and had a loud , dirty , dual guitar sound with shouted vocals . They employed hints of melody in their song structure . Although they derived many of their influences from California and D.C. style hardcore , they were considered a New York hardcore band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc935d58a29988d3fec7e4b236c40a10", "text": "Voodoo Soup Voodoo Soup is a posthumous compilation album by American rock musician Jimi Hendrix , released in the United States on April 11 , 1995 , by MCA Records . It was one of the last Hendrix albums produced by Alan Douglas , who was also responsible for the posthumous Hendrix releases Midnight Lightning and Crash Landing in the 1970s . Voodoo Soup was Douglas ' attempt at presenting Hendrix 's planned fourth studio album . The first attempt in 1971 , The Cry of Love , produced by drummer Mitch Mitchell and Eddie Kramer ( with a credit to Hendrix ) , was then out of print ( last released on the compact disc format in 1992 ; re-released in 2014 ) . After Experience Hendrix , a family company , gained control of his recordings , First Rays of the New Rising Sun was released in 1997 as another attempt to realize the album Hendrix had planned . Since then , Voodoo Soup has remained out of print .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64e1bc3a2a7c078e0c77351d67c4459d", "text": "The Whole Truth (album) Point of Grace is the second album by Contemporary Christian group Point of Grace . It was released in 1995 by Word Records with selected market distribution by Epic Records in a deal that dated to Word 's ownership by Capital Cities Communications in the 1980s . The Epic deal expired shortly after Word 's acquisition by AOL Time Warner in 2002 . On December 9 , 1995 , the album charted on the Billboard 200 at No. 132 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61b180219000076436d21bf3813203c8", "text": "Christmas for All Christmas for All is a Christmas album by European-American pop group The Kelly Family . It was released on October 1 , 1995 by Kel-life Music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "729ea5c0cb3e1549f6898c552763d157", "text": "Long Way to Go (Gwen Stefani and André 3000 song) `` Long Way to Go '' is a song by American singer-songwriter Gwen Stefani with American rapper André 3000 . The song appears as the closing track on Stefani 's debut studio album , Love . Angel . Music . Baby . ( 2004 ) . It was released on November 23 , 2004 , along with the rest of Love . Angel . Music . Baby . by Interscope Records . The track was written by both Stefani and 3000 , while 3000 was the sole producer of the track . Despite being scrapped from André 3000 's critically acclaimed OutKast studio album , The Love Below ( 2003 ) , Stefani and 3000 finalized a reworked version of the song to be included on the former 's album . The song prominently features a sample from Martin Luther King , Jr. 's `` I Have a Dream '' speech in its closing outro . King is not credited for contributed lyrics to the song . Musically , `` Long Way to Go '' is influenced by electronic music and alternative hip hop , with partial influence from both dance music and soul music . After its release , `` Long Way to Go '' received scrutiny for its sample of `` I Have a Dream '' . The song also was received negatively for its outdated metaphors on interracial relationships . However , the track did receive positive attention for being a `` standout '' on Love . Angel . Music . Baby . and also for its electronic production , particularly the closing of the track . Stefani performed the track during her 2005 Harajuku Lovers Tour , accompanied by the Harajuku Girls . During the rendition , digital images of people were displayed on a screen before the singer , while dancers performed minimal moves to achieve a more intimate approach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7f92b114ae2be8f381ba396e3c51a09", "text": "Horrorscope (Overkill album) Horrorscope is the fifth studio album by thrash metal band Overkill , released on September 3 , 1991 through Atlantic and Megaforce Records . It was the first Overkill album to feature the duo of guitarists Merritt Gant and Rob Cannavino , and the last to be released through Megaforce ; although they remained on Atlantic until 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a172f4833d31103df5c2a5560c973ef5", "text": "River Songs River Songs is the third full length studio album by American band The Badlees . It was released on their independent label , Rite-Off Records , in February 1995 and sold over 10,000 units before being picked up by the national label Polydor/Atlas after the band signed with that label later in 1995 . The album was re-released nationally with no further production enhancement in October 1995 and went on the spawn three national hits - `` Fear of Falling '' , `` Angeline Is Coming Home '' , and `` Gwendolyn '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a7eab9c6d06159f8f4f622ae7275531", "text": "Magazin Magazin is a Croatian pop band from Split . Founded in the 1970s under the name Dalmatinski magazin ( `` Dalmatian Magazine '' in Croatian ) , the band quickly began to make a mark on local pop music festivals with its songs influenced by Dalmatian folk music . Its gradual rise in popularity continued in 1980s with series of prestigious festival victories . But the zenith was reached in 1980s while Ljiljana Nikolovska was the band 's lead singer . Band 's leader and songwriter Tonči Huljić began to insert elements of folk music of other European countries in his songs , often being criticised for promoting turbo folk in Croatia . This did n't matter much to the audience and Magazin became one of the most popular and most influential music band in Croatia . Magazin albums sold more than 15 million albums worldwide , which is the most ever for a Yugoslavian musical act . Their biggest hits are `` Put putujem '' ( I 'm travelling ) , `` Ti si želja mog života '' ( You are the desire of my life ) , `` Sve bi me curice ljubile '' ( All girls would kiss me ) , `` Balkanska ulica '' ( Balkan street ) , `` Istanbul '' , `` Zna srce , zna '' ( The heart knows , knows ) , `` Sve bi seke ljubile mornare '' ( All girls would like to kiss sailors ) , `` Boli me '' ( It hurts ) , `` Besane noći '' ( Sleepless nights ) and many more . Most of these songs are considered classic in Croatia . The band represented Croatia in the 1995 Eurovision Song Contest with `` Nostalgija '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2be345ef6c53f43c55c2e70d72d409f1", "text": "The Sweet Escape (song) `` The Sweet Escape '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her second studio album of the same name ( 2006 ) . It was written by Stefani , Akon , and Giorgio Tuinfort . Akon , who is also a featured artist , developed the song 's beat before collaborating with Stefani . He designed it based on her previous work with No Doubt , and Stefani later commented that it put her `` on the yellow brick road to the No Doubt record I might do '' . `` The Sweet Escape '' is an apology for a fight between two lovers and describes a dream of a pleasant life for them . As the album 's title track , its title was chosen to help market Stefani 's music and fashion lines . The song received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics , though there was a negative response to Akon 's presence as a featured artist . `` The Sweet Escape '' was released as the album 's second single on December 19 , 2006 and was commercially successful in mainstream and adult contemporary markets . It reached the top 10 of most singles charts and topped the New Zealand Singles Chart . The song was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Grammy Awards . In the song 's accompanying music video , Stefani attempts to escape from a golden prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a14af7bb6245ff0eb0be4486dd6a7d2", "text": "Gwen Stacy (band) Gwen Stacy was an American Christian metalcore band that was signed with Solid State Records . Their name came from the character Gwen Stacy , who appeared in the comic book The Amazing Spider-Man as the girlfriend of Peter Parker . They were from Indianapolis , Indiana , and were active between 2004 and 2010 . The band announced a reunion in April 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aadd2d6aef8c1638f5d7191e27e243da", "text": "The Real Thing (Gwen Stefani song) `` The Real Thing '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album , Love . Angel . Music . Baby . ( 2004 ) . It was written by Stefani , Linda Perry , and her then-husband Gavin Rossdale , who is credited as `` GMR '' . Nellee Hooper produced the song , with Mark `` Spike '' Stent serving as an additional producer . An Europop and synthpop ballad , `` The Real Thing '' talks about mutual love between two lovers . Interscope Records released the track as a promotional single exclusively in the Philippines a year after the album 's release . It was released as a CD single that featured a remix by the music duo Wendy & Lisa . The remix was also included on the deluxe edition of L.A.M.B. , as well as on the international version of the album . After its release , `` The Real Thing '' received generally favorable reviews from critics . Critics appreciated the `` vintage '' production of the song and labeled it a stand-out track on the album , while also noting its New Order influence . Stefani performed the single throughout her 2005 Harajuku Lovers Tour in a vintage red bathing suit along with a group of breakdancers and the Harajuku Girls . The live performance was praised and compared to similar works by Madonna and Cyndi Lauper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d1913ae2f10b227e7a7833380dc3c0f", "text": "Sweden (album) Sweden is the second studio album by the Mountain Goats released on Shrimper Records in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2306b1bb8ddb95564f7253d4ecf6e474", "text": "Hidden Treasures (EP) Hidden Treasures is an EP by American thrash metal band Megadeth , released on July 18 , 1995 by Capitol Records . The album features songs that first appeared on movie soundtracks and tribute albums . Four of the tracks were released as singles , and three have received Grammy Award nominations for Best Metal Performance . Despite having garnered mediocre or negative reviews , the material on the EP has been credited with helping expand the group 's MTV audience in the early 1990s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68c4b24758f317748085235e85927921", "text": "Goblini (album) Goblini ( The Goblins ) is the debut album by the Serbian punk rock band Goblini released by Music YUser independent record label in 1994 . The album , available in its entirety only on compact cassette , was partially rereleased as bonus tracks on the 1998 CD reissue of Istinite priče I deo , for which some of the tracks from the debut were rerecorded due to the band 's dissatisfaction with the album production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8dd839e456a96b2eac71bf0b33098ad", "text": "The Show (soundtrack) The Show is the soundtrack to the 1995 film of the same name . The soundtrack was distributed by Def Jam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3176cf44d3c89776c4cff323133893b", "text": "Mafia (B.U.G. Mafia album) Mafia is the debut studio album by Romanian hip hop group B.U.G. Mafia , released September 20 , 1995 on local Bucharest-based label Amma Sound . Production for the album was handled by group member and founder Tataee , with various composers and keyboardists giving co-production . Heavily influenced by N.W.A. and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , the album has been viewed as the pioneering record of gangsta rap in Romania . With its ever-present profanity and violent lyrics , it helped to give birth to this then-new genre of music in Romania . As hip hop music was quite new in Romania at the time , the album attracted many rock fans , who appreciated the group 's aggressive approach towards music . In spite of poor sound quality and practically no professional promotion , Mafia achieved moderate success and quite favorable reviews . The album is still known for being the third hip hop album to be released in Romania by a record label . It had 15 tracks and featured guest performances from M&G , Marijuana , Coco , Vlad `` Ben '' Blându and actress Rona Hartner . Tataee has stated that he considers the album the group 's worst release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea46bcd2447ef62a1496fb7d067475ef", "text": "Coast to Coast Motel Coast to Coast Motel is the second album by G. Love & Special Sauce , released in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df468fb5cc6ba75e96fede1ead347e8", "text": "Ghost Nation Ghost Nation is the sixth studio album by Australian rock band , Hunters & Collectors . It was co-produced by the band with Clive Martin and issued on White/Mushroom Records on 27 November 1989 . It reached No. 10 on the ARIA Albums Chart , No. 29 in New Zealand and No. 31 in Sweden . The album helped Hunters & Collectors win the award of Australian Band of the Year ( 1990 ) by Rolling Stone Australia . The band were nominated for six awards at the Fourth Annual ARIA Music Awards in 1990 , but they won just one category -- Best Cover Art for Ghost Nation by Robert Miles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f76ce0f296abc0eafbf7cb89a43b03e", "text": "It's Five O'Clock Somewhere (album) It 's Five O'Clock Somewhere is the debut studio album by American hard rock band Slash 's Snakepit , released in February 1995 . The album was a moderate commercial success , reaching number 70 on the American Billboard 200 album chart and selling over a million copies worldwide . The song `` Beggars & Hangers-On '' was released as a single in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c75c0aeb0d8d2ee027eea8909ce538f4", "text": "Freaks of Nature (Kansas album) Freaks of Nature is the twelfth studio album by American rock band Kansas , released in 1995 . Two edited singles were issued but did not chart , nor did the album itself , making it the only Kansas official studio album not to appear on any Billboard chart . The album was recorded in Trinidad . Freaks of Nature marks the first time since 1977 that a Kansas studio album was produced by Jeff Glixman , who produced their albums Song for America , Masque , Leftoverture , and Point of Know Return . It was also the first Kansas studio album since Vinyl Confessions in 1982 to have violin as part of the band .", "title": "" } ]
fever
48f469035dbfd885d5b2aac3685f7e8b
Spain is in Europe.
[ { "docid": "74ce27f02c5a721e71e6f96c79009581", "text": "Spain Spain ( España -LSB- esˈpaɲa -RSB- ) , officially the Kingdom of Spain ( -LSB- Reino de España , links = no -RSB- ) , is a sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe , with two large archipelagoes , the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast , two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast . Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . It is the only European country to have a border with an African country ( Morocco ) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5 % of its population , mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla . With an area of 505990 km2 , Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe , the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union , and the fourth largest country in the European continent . By population , Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union . Spain 's capital and largest city is Madrid ; other major urban areas include Barcelona , Valencia , Seville , Bilbao and Málaga . Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago . Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician , Greek and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BCE , after which the region was named Hispania , based on the earlier Phoenician name Span or Spania . In the Middle Ages , the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors . Spain emerged as a unified country in the 15th century , following the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs and the completion of the eight centuries-long reconquest , or Reconquista from the Moors in 1492 . In the early modern period , Spain became one of history 's first global colonial empires , leaving a vast cultural and linguistic legacy that includes over 500 million Spanish speakers , making Spanish the world 's second most spoken first language , after Mandarin Chinese . Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy . It is a middle power and a major developed country with the world 's fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing power parity . It is a member of the United Nations ( UN ) , the European Union ( EU ) , the Eurozone , the Council of Europe ( CoE ) , the Organization of Ibero-American States ( OEI ) , the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and many other international organisations .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "40008dc075f4b374a1391009601a20e8", "text": "Andalus Andalus may refer to : Geography Al-Andalus , the historical region in Europe around the Iberian Peninsula Andalusia , the modern-day Spanish autonomous community Al Andalus ( Kuwait ) , the suburb of Kuwait City Music Al-Andalus Ensemble , an American world music group Sport Al Andalus Tobruk , a Libyan football ( soccer ) club Airline Andalus Airlines , a former Spanish airline Places Al Andalus mall in Jeddah , Saudi Arabia", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfce4d7c2331be5a2a4d37d975978314", "text": "Southern Basque Country The Southern Basque Country ( Hegoalde or Hego Euskal Herria Hegoalde , País Vasco y Navarra or País Vasco peninsular ) is a term used to refer to the Basque territories within Spain as a unified whole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b94de28bf7f6a99d12fe0c57f069e1b", "text": "Spanish Netherlands Spanish Netherlands ( Países Bajos españoles Spaanse Nederlanden ) ; Pays-Bas espagnols ) was the collective name of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries , held in personal union by the Spanish Crown ( also called Habsburg Spain ) from 1581 to 1714 . This region comprised most of modern Belgium and Luxembourg , as well as parts of northern France and western Germany . The capital was Brussels . The Imperial fiefs of the former Burgundian Netherlands had been inherited by the Austrian House of Habsburg from the extinct House of Valois-Burgundy upon the death of Mary of Burgundy in 1482 . The Seventeen Provinces formed the core of the Habsburg Netherlands which passed to the Spanish Habsburgs upon the abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1556 . When part of the Netherlands separated to form the autonomous Dutch Republic in 1581 , the remainder of the area stayed under Spanish rule until the War of the Spanish Succession .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a", "text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b3c5a4fec2ed9d84a600288483db037", "text": "Spain–Venezuela relations Spain -- Venezuelan relations are the bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Spain and the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela , formally established after Venezuela 's independence from the Spanish Empire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "264abba8ee6b2784cbe553131b676608", "text": "Miss Spain Miss Spain ( Spanish : Miss España ) is a national beauty pageant in Spain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2bb04856c6dfd5c00838481abd1a9fd", "text": "List of best-selling albums in Spain This is a list of the best-selling albums in Spain that have been certified by the Productores de Música de España ( PROMUSICAE ) . PROMUSICAE is in charge of certifying records in Spain . Until October 2005 , the certification levels for albums in Spain were 50,000 for Gold and 100,000 for Platinum . The current levels , however , are 20,000 for Gold and 40,000 for Platinum . Of the 20 best selling albums in Spain , Spanish artists dominate the list with fourteen entries . Two Italian artists and one artist each from the United Kingdom , United States , Cuba and Mexico complete the list . Three acts - Alejandro Sanz , Mecano , and David Bisbal - appear more than once in the list . Alejandro Sanz tops the list with `` Más '' , selling around 2.2 million copies in the country and being certified 22 times . The best-selling non-Spanish language album in Spain is Spice by Spice Girls , which sold 1 million copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebaaaeb746d1bcee45295e3953c94c34", "text": "Province of Zamora Zamora ( -LSB- θaˈmoɾa -RSB- ) is a Spanish province of western Spain , in the western part of the autonomous community of Castile and León . It is bordered by the provinces of Ourense , León , Valladolid , and Salamanca , and by Portugal . The present-day province of Zamora was one of three provinces formed from the former Kingdom of León in 1833 , when Spain was re-organised into 49 provinces . Of the 185,432 people ( 2014 ) in the province , nearly a third live in the capital , Zamora . This province has 250 municipalities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7f5a741f0ea949cd2b939a181f809ad", "text": "Province of Girona Girona ( -LSB- ʒiˈɾonə -RSB- , Gerona Gérone ) is a province of Spain , in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia . It is bordered on the northwest by the province of Lleida , on the southwest by the province of Barcelona , on the north by France , and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea . The population of the province in 2016 was 739,607 . Its capital and largest city is Girona , with an urban area ( including the neighbouring municipalities of Salt , Sarrià de Ter and Vilablareix ) representing , with a total population of 144,709 , 19.2 % of the population . The Girona area acts as an industrial , commercial and service hub for a significant part of the province .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df510eddad4dae1d3d7ce2be3b12a592", "text": "List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Eurasia This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Eurasia , along with other areas of special political status . Eurasia is a continent comprising the traditional continents of Europe and Asia . It is divided from Africa by the Isthmus of Suez . Some states such as Malta are traditionally part of Eurasia , however they lie on the African tectonic plate . It is separated from Australasia ( Oceania ) somewhere in the Malay archipelago , and is usually considered as including Indonesia and Timor-Leste ( East Timor ) . Some areas are associated with Eurasian states , being part of them or dependent upon them , but are not physically in it . Examples are the Danish territory of Greenland , French overseas departments , some British Overseas Territories , and the Spanish cities of Ceuta and Melilla .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16cbdab3d51ca26dc30f2b36ac46b499", "text": "Spain men's national lacrosse team The Spain men 's national lacrosse team represents Spain at men 's field lacrosse events . It is governed by the Spanish Lacrosse Association . Since 2006 , Spain plays in the World Lacrosse Championship and the European Lacrosse Championships .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ca798ac50f737db3033fe3566785c29", "text": "Granada War The Granada War ( Guerra de Granada ) was a series of military campaigns between 1482 and 1492 , during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs ( los Reyes Católicos ) Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon , against the Nasrid dynasty 's Emirate of Granada . It ended with the defeat of Granada and its annexation by Castile , ending all Islamic rule on the Iberian peninsula ( al-Andalus ) . The ten-year war was not a continuous effort , but a series of seasonal campaigns launched in spring and broken off in winter . The Granadans were crippled by internal conflict and civil war , while the Christians were generally unified . The war also saw the effective use of artillery by the Christians to rapidly conquer towns that would otherwise have required a long siege . On January 2 , 1492 Muhammad XII of Granada ( King Boabdil ) surrendered the Emirate of Granada , the city of Granada , and the Alhambra palace to the Castilian forces . The war was a joint project between Isabella 's Crown of Castile and Ferdinand 's Crown of Aragon . The bulk of the troops and funds for the war came from Castile , and Granada was annexed into Castile 's lands . The Crown of Aragon was less important : apart from the presence of King Ferdinand himself , Aragon provided naval collaboration , guns , and some financial loans . Aristocrats were offered the allure of new lands , while Ferdinand and Isabella centralized and consolidated power . The aftermath of the war saw the end of convivencia ( `` live and let live '' ) between religions In the Iberian peninsula : the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or be exiled in 1492 , and by 1501 , all of Granada 's Muslims were obliged to either convert to Christianity , become slaves , or be exiled ; by 1526 this prohibition spread to the rest of Spain . `` New Christians '' ( conversos ) came to be accused of crypto-Islam and crypto-Judaism . Spain would go on to model its national aspirations as the guardian of Christianity and Catholicism . The fall of the Alhambra is still celebrated every year by the City Council of Granada , and the Granada War is considered in traditional Spanish historiography as the final war of the Reconquista . At the same time , and uniquely in the `` Reconquista '' , the Granada War itself is never called `` the reconquest of Granada '' '' , but rather `` the conquest of Granada '' . Granada had never been Christian before the `` reconquista '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5fb15f6a286f3db86917c6bf5d7ab2a", "text": "Spanish Canadians Spanish Canadians , in Spanish as Canadienses-Españoles , and in French as Canadiens Espagnols . are Canadians of full or partial Spanish heritage or people who hold a European Union citizenship from Spain as well as one from Canada . The laws in Spain ( see Spanish nationality law ) limit who may be granted Spanish citizenship from Latin America to parents and grandparents who once held spanish citizenship . More recently the legal system in Spain has granted citizenship to Cubans who can prove that their grandparents immigrated to Cuba during the Spanish Civil War ( see Law of Historical Memory ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81716b913194ebdaac4a87445d118aaf", "text": "Televisión Española Televisión Española ( acronym TVE , on lowercase letters : tve , in English `` Spanish Television '' ) is the national state-owned public-service television broadcaster in Spain . TVE belongs to the RTVE Corporation which has overall responsibility for national public-service radio and television under a Parliament-appointed General Manager who , as well as being answerable to a Board of Directors , reports to an all-party committee of the national parliament , as provided for in the Public Radio and Television Law of 2006 . TVE 's activities were previously financed by a combination of advertising revenue and subsidies from the national government , but since it has been supported by subsidies only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ebac84c6f54a7788abd4c30b1e3f9f0", "text": "Politics of Andorra The politics of Andorra take place in a framework of a parliamentary constitutional diarchy , and a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government , with the Head of Government of Andorra as chief executive . Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . Before 1993 , Andorra 's political system had no clear division of powers into executive , legislative , and judicial branches . A constitution ratified and approved in 1993 establishes Andorra as a sovereign parliamentary democracy that retains the President of France and Bishop of Urgell as co-princes and heads of state . However , the head of government retains executive power . The two co-princes serve coequally with limited powers that do not include an individual veto over government acts ( however , a bill can in effect be `` vetoed '' if both do not sign the legislation ) . They are each represented in Andorra by a personal representative . The fundamental impetus for this political transformation was a recommendation by the Council of Europe in 1990 that , if Andorra wished to attain full integration in the European Union ( EU ) , it should adopt a modern constitution that guarantees the rights of those living and working there . A Tripartite Commission -- made up of representatives of the co-princes , the General Council , and the Executive Council -- was formed in 1990 and finalized the draft constitution in April 1991 , making the new constitution a fact . One remaining , though symbolic , legacy of Andorra 's special relationship with France and Spain , is that the Principality has no postal service of its own -- French and Spanish postal services operate side by side , although each of them issues separate stamps for Andorra , instead of using their own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3500e556e1ddec75d510b05a356aea37", "text": "Unemployment in Spain Though unemployment is a general problem for the whole world , the degree of unemployment in Spain is especially high in respect to the other countries in the region at the same economic level . After reaching a minimum of 8 % between 2006 and 2007 , with the Spanish economic crisis that began in 2008 the rate of unemployment grew quickly exceeding 20 % in 2010 and 25 % in 2012 and unemployment became the greatest concern within Spanish society . Even though unemployment in some regions of Spain is slightly less than in others , the general amount is one of the highest in the European Union and in general has stayed like that independently of the economic situation . Almost 100,000 people have lost their jobs in the real estate industry in Spain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f9d6e29c10c9d526c1169ec50286e5e", "text": "Cercanías Cercanías ( -LSB- θerkaˈni.as -RSB- ) is the name given to the commuter rail systems of Spain 's major metropolitan areas . In the Valencian Community , the term is replaced by Rodalia ( -LSB- roðaˈli.a -RSB- ) , while the designation Aldiriak ( -LSB- aldiɾiak -RSB- ) is used in the Basque Country . In Catalonia ( where the main administrator is the regional government ) , it is commonly known as Rodalies ( -LSB- ruðəˈli.əs -RSB- ) . Operated by the national rail company Renfe Operadora , Cercanías are in the process of being transferred to the regional autonomous governments . The former Rodalies Barcelona was handed over to the Catalan Government and renamed `` Rodalies de Catalunya '' . There are currently twelve Cercanías systems in Spain ( including the distinct Rodalies system in Catalonia ) : Asturias , Bilbao , Cádiz , Catalonia , Madrid , Málaga , Murcia/Alicante , Santander , San Sebastián , Seville , Valencia , and Zaragoza . It is well linked to Metro systems in Madrid , Barcelona , Bilbao and Valencia . The Madrid Cercanîas network was the target of the 2004 Madrid train bombings . The attacks , which killed 191 people in Santa Eugenia , El Pozo and Atocha stations , were the bloodiest terrorist actions in Spain to date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59680f77bc73a5df438eef9040e718fe", "text": "Estoria de España The Estoria de España , also known in the 1906 edition of Ramón Menéndez Pidal as the Primera Crónica General , is a history book written on the initiative of Alfonso X of Castile `` El Sabio '' ( `` the Wise '' ) , who was actively involved in the editing . It is believed to be the first extended history of Spain in Old Spanish , a West Iberian Romance language that forms part of the lineage from Vulgar Latin to modern Spanish . Many prior works were consulted in constructing this history . The book narrates a history beginning in Biblical and legendary origins and continues through the history of Castile under Fernando III of Castile . In the style of chronicles of its time , it begins by retelling the stories of remote origins found in the Bible . From the time of Moses onward , the mix begins to include Greek sources on ancient history . However , as the story continues , the details become increasingly detailed , especially from the Germanic invasions to the time of Alfonso 's father Fernando III . The work is divided into four large parts . The first includes a history of Ancient Rome : the medieval European monarchs considered themselves heirs to the Roman Empire . The second tells the history of the barbarian and Gothic kings , treated as antecedents within the Iberian Peninsula . The third is a history of the Kingdom of Asturias from which the Reconquista ( the Christian reconquest of Iberia from Muslim rule ) began . The fourth and final part is a history of the Kingdoms of León and Castile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bebd834df22998ee423a10d28148ad17", "text": "Spanish language Spanish ( castellano ) -- is a Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain , with hundreds of millions of native speakers around the world . It is usually considered the world 's second-most spoken native language after Mandarin Chinese . It is one of the few languages to use inverted question and exclamation marks ( ¿ and ¡ , respectively ) . Spanish is a part of the Ibero-Romance group of languages , which evolved from several dialects of Vulgar Latin in Iberia after the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century . The oldest Latin texts which show traces of Spanish come from mid-northern Iberia in the 9th century , and the first systematic written use of the language happened in Toledo , then capital of the Kingdom of Castile , in the 13th century . Beginning in the early 16th century , Spanish was taken to the colonies of the Spanish Empire , most notably to the Americas , as well as territories in Africa , Oceania and the Philippines . Around 75 % of modern Spanish is derived from Latin . Greek has also contributed substantially to Spanish vocabulary , especially through Latin , on which it had a great impact . Spanish vocabulary has been in contact from an early date with Arabic , having developed during the Al-Andalus era in the Iberian Peninsula . With around 8 % of its vocabulary being Arabic in origin , this language is the second most important influence after Latin . It has also been influenced by Basque as well as by neighboring Ibero-Romance languages . It also adopted words from non-Iberian languages such as Gothic language from the Visigoths in which many Spanish names and surnames have a Visigothic origin . It has absorbed vocabulary from other languages , particularly the Romance languages French , Italian , Occitan , and Sardinian , as well as from Nahuatl , Quechua , and other indigenous languages of the Americas . Spanish is one of the six official languages of the United Nations . It is also used as an official language by the European Union , the Organization of American States , the Union of South American Nations , the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States and by many other international organizations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38cde950e2727e148fd1ca4fb418f996", "text": "Portuñol Portuñol ( Spanish spelling ) or Portunhol ( Portuguese spelling ) is the name often given to any unsystematic mixture of Portuguese with Spanish . The word is a portmanteau of the words Portugués / Português ( `` Portuguese '' ) and Español / Espanhol ( `` Spanish '' ) . Portuñol , or Portunhol , is a lingua franca , or simplified mixture of the two languages , that allows speakers of either Spanish or Portuguese who are not proficient in the other language to communicate with one another . When speakers of one of the languages attempt to speak the other language , there is often interference from the native language , which causes the phenomenon of code-switching to occur . It is possible to conduct a moderately fluent conversation in this way because Portuguese and Spanish are closely related Romance languages . They have almost identical syntactic structures , as well as overlapping lexicons due to cognates , which means that a single macro-grammar is produced when the two mix . The phrase en el hueco de la noite longa e langue illustrates a code-switch between the Spanish article la and the Portuguese noun noite . This example reveals the grammatical possibilities of code-switching between the two languages . Language contact between Spanish and Portuguese is the result of sustained contact between the two languages in border communities and multilingual trade environments . Such regions include the border regions between Portugal and Spain in the Iberian Peninsula , as well as the ones between Brazil , whose official language is Portuguese , and most of its neighboring countries , such as Uruguay and Paraguay , whose official languages are Spanish . Because Portuñol is a spontaneous register resulting from the occasional mixing of Spanish and Portuguese , it is highly diverse ; there is no one dialect or standard of Portuñol . There does , however , tend to be a stronger presence of Spanish in Portuñol . In recent years , Portuñol has begun to appear in realms other than everyday speech . It has become a literary medium , especially in Uruguay and Brazil . María Jesus Fernández García describes it as a linguistic recreation of the actual language . However , she goes on to say that the literature only occasionally provides a true representation of Portuñol , and that authors often choose to select only some of the features that are characteristic of Portuñol . One important literary work written in Portuñol is Mar paraguayo by Brazilian author Wilson Bueno . The following passage shows the mixing of Spanish and Portuguese in his novel . The appearance of Portuñol has prompted two opposing opinions or attitudes towards its existence . On the one hand , it is viewed as the product of laziness among speakers unwilling to learn a different language . On the other hand , it is seen as the logical product of globalization . As far as the future of Portuñol is concerned , according to Francisco A. Marcos-Marín , it is too difficult to evaluate possible repercussions that Portuñol could have on future linguistic maps because it is not easy to separate linguistic tendencies that are merely in style and those that are permanent .", "title": "" } ]
fever
fdce805ee75fcc2ad295210fcc08c5a0
War of the Worlds is a film that is categorized as science fiction.
[ { "docid": "78dee0a6546b747678955dd96db07958", "text": "War of the Worlds (2005 film) War of the Worlds is a 2005 American science fiction disaster film directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Josh Friedman and David Koepp , loosely based on the novel of the same title by H. G. Wells . It stars Tom Cruise , Dakota Fanning , Justin Chatwin , Miranda Otto and Tim Robbins , with narration by Morgan Freeman . In the film , an American dock worker is forced to look after his children , from whom he lives separately , as he struggles to protect them and reunite them with their mother when extraterrestrials invade the Earth and devastate cities with towering war machines . The film was shot in 73 days , using five different sound stages as well as locations in California , Connecticut , New Jersey , New York , and Virginia . The film was surrounded by a secrecy campaign so few details would be leaked before its release . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Hitachi . The film was released in the United States on June 29 and in United Kingdom on July 1 . War of the Worlds was a box office success , and became 2005 's fourth most successful film both domestically , with $ 234 million in North America , and $ 591 million overall . At the time of release , it was the highest-grossing film starring Tom Cruise .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8a52d2519b636a424fe76721b2f6b373", "text": "The Killing of Worlds The Killing of Worlds is a science fiction novel by American writer Scott Westerfeld . The events detailed below immediately follow those of the novel The Risen Empire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c42844a1a1fc778ea322ede39a2664fc", "text": "Threads Threads is a 1984 British television drama jointly produced by the BBC , Nine Network and Western-World Television Inc. . Written by Barry Hines and directed by Mick Jackson , it is a docudrama account of nuclear war and its effects on the city of Sheffield in Northern England . The plot centres on two families as a confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union erupts . As the nuclear exchange between NATO and the Warsaw Pact begins , the film depicts the medical , economic , social and environmental consequences of nuclear war . Shot on a budget of # 250,000 -- 350,000 , the film was the first of its kind to depict a nuclear winter . Certain reviewers nominated Threads as the `` film which comes closest to representing the full horror of nuclear war and its aftermath , as well as the catastrophic impact that the event would have on human culture '' . It has been compared to the earlier programme The War Game produced in Britain in the 1960s and its contemporary The Day After , a 1983 ABC television film depicting a similar scenario in the United States . It was nominated for seven BAFTA awards in 1985 and won for Best Single Drama , Best Design , Best Film Cameraman and Best Film Editor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c002c1a94fe4edf029aae0abe3e2d692", "text": "League of Peoples The League of Peoples is a fictional interstellar polity present in a series of novels by science fiction author James Alan Gardner . Although theoretically made up of every sentient race in the galaxy , in actuality the League is controlled by ( from Humanity 's standpoint ) hyperadvanced beings who have little concern for wants , needs , and desires of the less evolved races . The League effectively has one law - no dangerous non-sentient creatures can cross between star systems . A dangerous non-sentient is defined by the league as any being which kills a sentient being or through negligence allows a sentient being to die . Any dangerous non-sentient that attempts to circumvent this law , or any being who knowingly aids in the attempt , is instantaneously but painlessly executed by the League . Although this renders interstellar war impossible , it does not prevent mayhem on individual planets , nor does it stop unethical behavior that stops short of murder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3f4aad97b8568123f3da7ec05beaa3d", "text": "Science Fiction Quarterly Science Fiction Quarterly was an American pulp science fiction magazine that was published from 1940 to 1943 and again from 1951 to 1958 . Charles Hornig served as editor for the first two issues ; Robert A. W. Lowndes edited the remainder . Science Fiction Quarterly was launched by publisher Louis Silberkleit during a boom in science fiction magazines at the end of the 1930s . Silberkleit launched two other science fiction titles ( Science Fiction and Future Fiction ) at about the same time : all three ceased publication before the end of World War II , falling prey to slow sales and paper shortages . In 1950 and 1951 , as the market improved , Silberkleit relaunched Future Fiction and Science Fiction Quarterly . By the time Science Fiction Quarterly ceased publication in 1958 , it was the last surviving science fiction pulp . Science Fiction Quarterlys policy was to reprint a novel in each issue as the lead story , and Silberkleit was able to obtain reprint rights to two early science fiction novels and several of Ray Cummings ' books . Both Hornig and Lowndes were given minuscule budgets , and Hornig in particular had trouble finding good material to print . Lowndes did somewhat better , as he was able to call on his friends in the Futurians , a group of aspiring writers that included Isaac Asimov , James Blish , and Donald Wollheim . The second incarnation of the magazine also had a policy of running a lead novel , though in practice the lead stories were often well short of novel length . Among the better-known stories published by the magazine were `` Second Dawn '' , by Arthur C. Clarke ; `` The Last Question '' , by Isaac Asimov ; and `` Common Time '' , by James Blish .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024474d41f073d010362ddc4ac097f50", "text": "What Makes a Battle What Makes a Battle was a propaganda short produced by the US Army Pictoral Service in 1944 . It documents the taking of the Marshall Islands while also encouraging increased war production . The film opens with the narrator asking `` What makes a battle ? '' while the camera is focusing on shipments of industrial transports , `` This is what it takes to make a battle . '' This statement sets up the dual nature of the entire film . War supplies are pouring in from every part of the country , from every type of American `` Republican and Democrat , white and colored . '' Industrial production is the backbone of war , according to the film , if it is destroyed , not made with quality , or not replaced in time , the battle can not happen . Then the film abruptly changes direction , and presents a summary of the American battle plan for taking the Marshalls , how the outer islands were bombed to fool the enemy , and how a sneak attack was planned against the inner islands . But this could n't happen until all the supplies were ready . When the invasion does begin there is fierce fighting on the main islands . `` The German would have surrendered , but not the Jap ... Out of a garrison of 6000 , 230 surrender . '' Much time is spent on the Japanese POWs , and the film goes to great lengths to show how well they are treated , especially in comparison to how the Japanese treated their POWs . Emphasis then turns again to materiel . Showing all the destroyed planes , artillery , and ammunition , all needing to be replaced by the American workforce . But at the very end , images of the dead and wounded American soldiers are shown . The narrator assures us they will never be forgotten .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04e6f05a55c7d68b2528d247c67fe669", "text": "The Peace War The Peace War is a science fiction novel by American writer Vernor Vinge , about authoritarianism and technological progress . It was first published as a serial in Analog in 1984 , and then appeared in book form shortly afterward . It was nominated for the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1985 . Its sequels are `` The Ungoverned '' , which was a novella published in his collection True Names and Other Dangers , and the novel Marooned in Realtime.The Peace War and Marooned in Realtime were collected in Across Realtime '' ( Baen Books , 1991 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a", "text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b7c969901535d7636f0b88cadfcde3f3", "text": "Speculative fiction Speculative fiction is an umbrella genre encompassing narrative fiction with supernatural or futuristic elements . This includes the genres science fiction , fantasy , horror and supernatural fiction , as well as their combinations . The broader usage of the term is attributed to Robert Heinlein , who referenced it in 1947 in an editorial essay , although there are prior mentions of speculative fiction or its variant `` speculative literature '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed7679f616bfc534a3369ba30ac6d52b", "text": "Partisan film Partisan film ( Partizanski film ) is the name for a subgenre of war films , made in FPR/SFR Yugoslavia during the 1960s , 1970s and 1980s . In the broadest sense , main characteristics of partisan films are that they are set in Yugoslavia during World War II and have partisans as main protagonists , while antagonists are Axis forces and their collaborators .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f1b2980625cf400259f4c4e0bac5953", "text": "The Lost Worlds of 2001 The Lost Worlds of 2001 is a 1972 book by Arthur C. Clarke , published by Signet as an accompaniment to the novel 2001 : A Space Odyssey . The book itself consists in part of behind-the-scenes notes from Clarke concerning scriptwriting ( and rewriting ) , as well as production issues . The core of the book , however , is contained in excerpts from the proto-novel and an early screenplay that did not make it into the final version . Alternative settings for launch preparation , the EVA scene where astronaut Frank Poole is lost , and varying dialogues concerning the HAL 9000 unit are all featured in the book . Also included is the original short story `` The Sentinel '' upon which 2001 is loosely based .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315b7e3bc8daf8d7b0962391e55bee57", "text": "New wars New wars is a term advanced by British academic Mary Kaldor to characterize warfare in the post-Cold War era . This form of warfare is characterized by : violence between varying combinations of state and non-state networks fighting in the name of identity politics as opposed to ideology attempts to achieve political , rather than physical , control of the population through fear and terror conflict financed not necessarily through the state , but through other predatory means that seek the continuation of violence Other terms used for the concept include `` wars among the people '' , `` wars of the third kind '' , `` hybrid wars '' , `` privatized wars '' , and `` post-modern wars '' . The new wars thesis has been adopted and adapted by other authors , as well as critiqued from various perspectives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a17b18db69e04fb08ba30edc1e0130d", "text": "Logic of Empire `` Logic of Empire '' is a science fiction novella by American writer Robert A. Heinlein . Part of his Future History series , it originally appeared in Astounding Science Fiction ( March 1941 ) , and was collected in The Green Hills of Earth ( and subsequently The Past Through Tomorrow ) . Ostensibly a tale about a man in the wrong place at the wrong time , and his struggle to free himself from the oppressive circumstances in which he is plunged , this story also serves to explain how slavery develops in a new colony . Even in the future , the technology available to a new colony is always initially low . If a machine to do a necessary job is too expensive to import ( say a wheat harvester , a water pump , or even a washing machine ) , a human must do it instead . If too many jobs must be done by hand and there is a shortage of labor compared with independent resources that free labor could take up ( `` land '' , although this condition is not clear in the story ) , a market for slavery develops . Decades later , while there is still an abundance of land , this market remains because the colony itself has quotas to meet and debts to repay - they can not spare the resources to develop local industries to make the machines themselves and free labor does not have to bid its price down enough to out compete slave labor . Throughout the story , Heinlein takes the view of the objective narrator when describing Venusian society . `` Logic of Empire '' places different rationales on the people who participate in slavery . There are no real villains ; everybody 's just doing their job , trying to maximize income in a capitalist system . Even the plantation owner who owns the hero is portrayed as a struggling -- and failing -- small businessman , whose main motivation is to secure a livelihood for his daughter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f9191d62fe1a8fba25c19954431a3ff", "text": "Deadline (science fiction story) `` Deadline '' is a 1944 science fiction short story by American writer Cleve Cartmill , first published in Astounding Science Fiction . The story described the then-secret atomic bomb in some detail . At that time the bomb was still under development and top secret , which prompted a visit by the FBI . In 1943 , Cartmill suggested to John W. Campbell , the then-editor of Astounding , that he could write a story about a futuristic super-bomb . Campbell liked the idea and supplied Cartmill with considerable background information gleaned from unclassified scientific journals , on the use of Uranium-235 to make a nuclear fission device . The resulting story appeared in the issue of Astounding dated March 1944 , which actually appeared early in February of that year . By March 8 it had come to the attention of the Counterintelligence Corps , who saw many similarities between the technical details in the story and the research currently being undertaken in great secrecy at Los Alamos . Gregory Benford describes the incident as told him by Edward Teller in his autobiographical essay `` Old Legends '' : Coming three years later in the same magazine , Cleve Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' provoked astonishment in the lunch table discussions at Los Alamos . It really did describe isotope separation and the bomb itself in detail , and raised as its principal plot pivot the issue the physicists were then debating among themselves : should the Allies use it ? To the physicists from many countries clustered in the high mountain strangeness of New Mexico , cut off from their familiar sources of humanist learning , it must have seemed particularly striking that Cartmill described an allied effort , a joint responsibility laid upon many nations . Discussion of Cartmill 's `` Deadline '' was significant . The story 's detail was remarkable , its sentiments even more so . Did this rather obscure story hint at what the American public really thought about such a superweapon , or would think if they only knew ? Talk attracts attention , Teller recalled a security officer who took a decided interest , making notes , saying little . In retrospect , it was easy to see what a wartime intelligence monitor would make of the physicists ' conversations . Who was this guy Cartmill , anyway ? Where did he get these details ? Who tipped him to the isotope separation problem ? `` and that is why Mr. Campbell received his visitors . '' Fearing a security breach , the FBI began an investigation into Cartmill , Campbell , and some of their acquaintances ( including Isaac Asimov and Robert A. Heinlein ) . It appears that the authorities eventually accepted the explanation that the story 's material had been gleaned from unclassified sources , but as a precautionary measure they requested that Campbell should not publish any further stories about nuclear technology for the remainder of the war . Campbell , in the meantime , had guessed from the number of Astounding subscribers who had suddenly moved to the Los Alamos area , that the US government probably had some sort of technical or scientific project ongoing there . He declined to volunteer this information to the FBI .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f", "text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d8d1f11427c79034d33932b464e996", "text": "Cyberpunk derivatives A number of cyberpunk derivatives have become recognized as distinct subgenres in speculative fiction . These derivatives , though they do not share cyberpunk 's computers-focused setting , may display other qualities drawn from or analogous to cyberpunk : a world built on one particular technology that is extrapolated to a highly sophisticated level ( this may even be a fantastical or anachronistic technology , akin to retro-futurism ) , a gritty transreal urban style , or a particular approach to social themes . The most successful of these subgenres , Steampunk , has been defined as a `` kind of technological fantasy '' , and others in this category sometimes also incorporate aspects of science fantasy and historical fantasy . Scholars have written of these subgenres ' stylistic place in postmodern literature , and also their ambiguous interaction with the historical perspective of postcolonialism . American author Bruce Bethke coined the term `` cyberpunk '' in his 1980 short story of the same name , proposing it as a label for a new generation of punk teenagers inspired by the perceptions inherent to the Information Age . The term was quickly appropriated as a label to be applied to the works of William Gibson , Bruce Sterling , John Shirley , Rudy Rucker , Michael Swanwick , Pat Cadigan , Lewis Shiner , Richard Kadrey , and others . Science fiction author Lawrence Person , in defining postcyberpunk , summarized the characteristics of cyberpunk thus : Classic cyberpunk characters were marginalized , alienated loners who lived on the edge of society in generally dystopic futures where daily life was impacted by rapid technological change , an ubiquitous datasphere of computerized information , and invasive modification of the human body . The relevance of cyberpunk as a genre to punk subculture is debatable and further hampered by the lack of a defined cyberpunk subculture ; where the small cyber movement shares themes with cyberpunk fiction and draws inspiration from punk and goth alike , cyberculture is much more popular though much less defined , encompassing virtual communities and cyberspace in general and typically embracing optimistic anticipations about the future . Cyberpunk is nonetheless regarded as a successful genre , as it ensnared many new readers and provided the sort of movement that postmodern literary critics found alluring . Furthermore , author David Brin argues , cyberpunk made science fiction more attractive and profitable for mainstream media and the visual arts in general .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32a202fa88cb509c411088434c3dce96", "text": "War in the Age of Intelligent Machines War in the Age of Intelligent Machines ( 1991 ) is a book by Manuel DeLanda , in which he traces the history of warfare and the history of technology . It is influenced in part by Michel Foucault 's Discipline and Punish ( 1978 ) and also reinterprets the concepts of war machines and the machinic phylum , introduced in Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari 's A Thousand Plateaus ( 1980 ) . Deleuze and Guattari appreciated Foucault 's definition of philosophy as a `` tool box '' that was to encourage thinking about new ideas . They prepared the field for a re-appropriation of their concepts , for use in another context of the `` same '' concept , which they called `` actualization '' . DeLanda drew on the concepts these authors put forth , to investigate the history of warfare and technology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ff30d6689b6c56410848974b96bc0dd", "text": "Weapon of mass destruction A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD ) is a nuclear , radiological , chemical , biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures ( e.g. , buildings ) , natural structures ( e.g. , mountains ) , or the biosphere . The scope and usage of the term has evolved and been disputed , often signifying more politically than technically . Originally coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives , since World War II it has come to refer to large-scale weaponry of other technologies , such as chemical , biological , radiological , or nuclear .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84c4e2fa080b875a458100a00bdc0fa1", "text": "Military production during World War II Military production during World War II includes the arms , ammunitions , personnel and financing which were mobilized for the war . Military production , in this article , means everything produced by the belligerents from the occupation of Austria in early 1938 to the surrender and occupation of Japan in late 1945 . The mobilization of funds , people , natural resources and matériel for the production and supply of military equipment and military forces during World War II was a critical component of the war effort . During the conflict , the Allies outpaced the Axis powers in most production categories . Access to the funding and industrial resources necessary to sustain the war effort was linked to their respective economic and political alliances . As formerly neutral powers ( such as the United States ) joined the escalating conflict , territory changed hands , combatants were defeated , the balance of power shifted in favour of the Allies ( as did the means to sustain the military production required to win the war ) .", "title": "" } ]
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a378d9675bff01f48c75acd4e88fa6c6
Mark Hamill is an American writer.
[ { "docid": "2e98317df84cf206c8ed24ed7296c127", "text": "Mark Hamill Mark Richard Hamill ( born September 25 , 1951 ) is an American actor , voice actor , producer and writer . He is best known for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series . His other works include Corvette Summer ( 1978 ) and The Big Red One ( 1980 ) , among other television shows and movies . Hamill has also appeared on stage in several theater productions , primarily during the 1980s . Hamill is a prolific voice actor who has voiced characters in many animated television shows , movies , and video games since the 1970s . He is known for his long-standing role as DC Comics ' the Joker , commencing with Batman : The Animated Series in 1992 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "17369810ed4fea2f91a766f56ceb199c", "text": "Nowhere Man: The Final Days of John Lennon Nowhere Man : The Final Days of John Lennon , first published in 2000 and written by New York journalist Robert Rosen , who in 1981 had access to John Lennon 's diaries , is a controversial account of the ex-Beatle 's last five years . The book disputes the official view of Lennon as a contented househusband raising his son Sean and baking bread while Yoko ran the family business . Instead , Nowhere Man portrays Lennon 's daily life at the Dakota as that of a `` tormented superstar , a prisoner of his fame , locked in his bedroom raving about Jesus Christ , while a retinue of servants tended to his every need . '' Rosen says that he used his memory of Lennon 's diaries as `` a roadmap to the truth . '' The final part of the book , The Coda , focuses on the mental disintegration of Lennon 's assassin , Mark David Chapman , and includes Chapter 27 , the so-called missing chapter of J.D. Salinger 's classic novel of disaffected youth , The Catcher in the Rye , that `` inspired '' Chapman to murder Lennon . It was Chapman 's goal , according to Rosen , to write Chapter 27 `` in Lennon 's blood . '' Originally written in 1982 , the manuscript remained unpublished for 18 years . Soft Skull Press acquired the rights to the book in 1999 and brought out the hardcover edition the following year . Quick American Archives then picked up the rights and published the paperback edition in 2002 . Nowhere Man was a bestseller in the United States ( Los Angeles Times , September 3 , 2000 ) , England ( Mojo , October 2000 ) , and Japan ( Amazon.co.jp , October 2000 ) . In 2003 , Random House Mondadori brought out a Spanish-language edition in Latin America . The book received extensive coverage and was excerpted in such publications as Proceso , La Jornada , El Universal , Reforma , Semana , Gatopardo , Soho , El Heraldo , El Mercurio , La Tercera , Las Últimas Noticias , and The Clinic . Nowhere Man appeared on bestseller lists in Mexico and Colombia . The other foreign editions were published by DHC ( Japan , 2000 ) , Fusion Press ( UK , 2000 ) , Hannibal ( Germany , 2001 ) . and Coniglio ( Italy 2011 ) . The title of the book refers to The Beatles ' song `` Nowhere Man '' ( which was written and sung primarily by Lennon ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc240561f30d636cd333e045d84af385", "text": "Anthony Meindl Anthony Paul Meindl ( born January 14 , 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , stage and film actor , and founder and artistic director at the MetaTheatre Company and Anthony Meindl 's Actor Workshop in Los Angeles . The workshop has since expanded to locations in New York City , London , Sydney , Melbourne , and Vancouver . In the 1990s , Meindl played a character who was a genie named `` Hard Hat Harry '' in a number of video cassettes and DVDs aimed at introducing children to trucks , cars , construction vehicles , and others ( usually using the name `` Anthony Paul '' ) . He worked and lived in New York in the early 1990s and moved to Los Angeles in 1997 . He has been in many commercials for products and companies including Diet Coke , Philips Electronics , Bank of America , Nissan , Michelob Lite , Sears , Acura , Del Taco , Mervyns , and Behr Paint . He has also appeared in non-Broadway stage productions of Titus Andronicus , Merrily We Roll Along , and the LA Weekly Award-nominated Cabaret . He is openly gay . His film credits are almost exclusively gay-related , including the 1997 gay-themed drama David Searching , the 1998 gay-themed drama Minor Details , and the 2000 gay-themed comedy/drama Get Your Stuff . His latest film role was in the 2005 mystery comedy Death of a Saleswoman . He also appeared in a 1998 episode of Will & Grace . He has coached and worked with Shailene Woodley , Ashley Greene , Agnes Bruckner , Nick Robinson , Chace Crawford , Cory Monteith , Dania Ramirez , Sasha Alexander , Chris Owen , Stevie Lynn Jones , Dree Hemingway , Michael Lomenda , JC Chasez , China Chow , Brock Kelly , Judith Hill , Samantha Mumba , Rocco DiSpirito , Olivia Holt , Ian Harding , Alexandra Daddario , Edy Ganem , Trevor Donovan , Daniel Cudmore , Charlie Bewley , Ashton Holmes , Larissa Oleynik , Lorenza Izzo , Carmen Electra , Allison Miller , Jenna Dewan-Tatum , Lucy Fry , Josh Zuckerman , Sadie Calvano , Taryn Southern , Ryan Rottman , Chaz Bono , Jill Wagner , Joe Slaughter , Mark Hapka , Matt Dallas , Brad Rowe , and Quddus Phillippe . Meindl 's first feature screenplay , The Wonder Girls , was the Grand Prize Winning Feature Screenplay in the Slamdance Film Festival Screenplay Competition in 2007 . He was nominated as Best Director for the LA Weekly Awards two years in a row for Best Comedy ( Swimming In The Shallows ) and Best Drama ( Dogs Barking ) . The casts for both shows ( members of MetaTheatre Company , his acting studio ) were also nominated as Best Ensemble in a Comedy and Best Ensemble in a Drama . His first short , `` Ready ? OK ! '' , played in over a dozen International Film Festivals , winning numerous `` Best of '' Awards and premiered on MTV 's LOGO Network in 2009 as part of their `` Click List : Best In Short Film Series . '' It won the 2008 Planet Out Scion Viewer 's Choice Short Film Awards . Meindl 's first feature film , Birds of A Feather ( 2011 ) won him Best Director awards at the 2012 Downtown LA Film Festival and the 2013 Golden Door Film Festival and the Spirit of the Festival Award at the 2012 Honolulu Rainbow Film Festival . The film features Academy Award winner , Olympia Dukakis , Bruce Vilanch and Trevor Donovan . He is a regular contributor to The Huffington Post , The Daily Love , and Backstage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81d38a67e9e91e229785562fd8362810", "text": "Jon Hamm Jonathan Daniel Hamm ( born March 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor , director , and television producer best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper for the AMC television drama series , Mad Men ( 2007 -- 2015 ) . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in Los Angeles , making appearances in television series Providence , The Division , What About Brian , and Related . During 2000 , he made his feature movie debut in the space adventure movie Space Cowboys . The next year , he had a minor role in the independent comedy , Kissing Jessica Stein ( 2001 ) . He gained wide recognition when Mad Men began broadcast during July 2007 . His performance earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series -- Drama during 2008 and 2016 and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series during 2015 . He directed two episodes of the show . During 2008 , Hamm appeared in a remake of the science fiction movie The Day The Earth Stood Still . His first leading movie role was in the 2010 independent thriller Stolen . He also had supporting roles in the movies The Town ( 2010 ) , Sucker Punch ( 2011 ) , and Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) . Hamm has received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in Mad Men , 30 Rock ( 2006 -- 2013 ) , and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt ( 2015 -- present ) . His other television credits include featuring in the Sky Arts series A Young Doctor 's Notebook and guest roles in Parks and Recreation and Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . He provided his voice to the animated movie Shrek Forever After during 2010 , and during 2015 , he featured in the animated movie Minions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fd5f51ca6e5bdf768591cb86bf963fc", "text": "William Hamling (publisher) William Lawrence Hamling ( born 1921 ) was a Chicago-based publisher active from the 1950s into the 1970s . Hamling began as an author . His Shadow of the Sphinx is a horror novel about an ancient Egyptian sorceress . First published during the 1940s in Fantastic Adventures , it was described by Lin Carter as `` the best story of its kind I read in many a moon . The character of Zaleikka was done to perfection . This is the type of yarn we have all too few of nowadays . '' After work as an editor at Ziff-Davis , Hamling started his company , Greenleaf Publishing ( which was at different times known as Greenleaf Classics , Reed Enterprises , Corinth Publications , Regency Publications , Blake Pharmaceuticals , Phenix Publishing and Freedom Publishing ) in the early 1950s with Imagination . His wife , science fiction author Frances Deegan Yerxa Hamling , worked closely with him in the early years of his publishing company . According to L. Sprague de Camp 's 1953 Science-Fiction Handbook , Hamling was at that time a `` slim , dark man who looks too young to be not only an independent publisher but also the father of five . '' In the late 1950s , he began Rogue , and in 1959 , he launched Nightstand Books , an imprint for paperback original sex novels by authors working under house names . ( Later imprints included Leisure Books , Ember Library , Midnight Readers , and others ) . From 1961 on his primary editor was Earl Kemp . Pseudonymous writers for Kemp/Hamling included Lawrence Block , Marion Zimmer Bradley , Harlan Ellison , Evan Hunter , Robert Silverberg , and Donald E. Westlake . Hamling helped finance the defense of bookstore clerk Robert Redrup . His appeal of his conviction on obscenity charges for selling two Greenleaf Books ( Lust Pool and Shame Agent ) in 1965 went to the Supreme Court of the United States , where it was overturned in Redrup v. New York in 1967 . During the Nixon Administration , Hamling published an illustrated edition of the Presidential Report of the Commission on Obscenity and Pornography . The book was `` replete with the sort of photographs the commission examined . '' Hamling and editor Kemp were hit with a one-year prison sentence for distributing the book ( it has been suggested that this prosecution was in part retaliation for Hamling and Kemp 's part in Redrup v. New York ) , but served only the federal minimum of three months and one day . The story of their arrest and prison time was covered in Gay Talese 's Thy Neighbor 's Wife . Hamling published gay-themed books while at Greenleaf , one of the earliest publishers to do so . Novelist Victor J. Banis , one of Hamling 's authors , says that once Greenleaf proved how much of a market there was for erotic gay fiction , other publishers soon joined in .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7b18e81ad4f5bc3fc0b2e67869ab53c", "text": "Mark Hudson (author) Mark Hudson is a multiple-award-winning British writer , journalist and critic , whose books have been described as exploring the boundaries between fiction and travel writing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d857fa752bc81d210801c63a93af49f6", "text": "Interactive writing Interactive writing has been described by Swartz ( 2001 ) as `` a teaching method in which children and teacher negotiate what they are going to write and then share the pen to construct the message . '' Interactive writing is a cooperative event in which text is jointly composed and written . The teacher uses the interactive writing session to model reading and writing strategies as he or she engages children in creating text . Interactive writing was also included by Fountas & Pinnell as part of their balanced literacy framework . Similar to shared writing , interactive writing allows a teacher and students to literally `` share the pen '' to create a joint sentence or message . Typically used in the primary grades , interactive writing is a powerful instructional medium for teaching phonics , spelling principles , rimes , writing conventions , and other key early writing skills . This form of interactive writing is thoroughly explained and detailed in the book Interactive Writing : How Language & Literacy Come Together , K-2 by Andrea McCarrier , Gay Su Pinnell , and Irene Fountas . Others have described interactive writing differently as a method used in literacy teaching , especially for young children , whereby the students have the opportunity to practice their reading , studying and writing skills in a safe and creative environment . In this method the teacher ( s ) and students write to each other , by means of letters , dialogue journals or a message board . The students are free to choose the topic and the length of their writings . The teachers respond without correcting or criticising the spelling , grammar or writing style , but rather modelling more appropriate forms of writing . The aim of this method is to allow children to see literacy as something meaningful and enjoyable , rather than a mind-numbing school activity . The focus is on fluency rather than accuracy . The principle behind it is ` write to learn , not learn to write ' . As such it relates to the learner-centered whole language approach . The interactive writing method has been described in books such as : Peyton , Joy Kreeft ( ed . ) ( 1990 ) Students and Teachers Writing Together : Perspectives on Journal Writing . Robinson , A. , L. Crawford & N. Hall ( 1990 ) some day you will no all about me : Young Children 's Explorations in the World of Letter Writing . Reference Swartz , Stanley L. et al. , ( 2001 ) . Interactive editing and interactive writing . Dominie Press/Pearson Learning . Category : Writing", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2059ee4d51df98cc0d68267e52bdea6c", "text": "Mark M. Ford Mark Morgan Ford , also Mark Ford and Michael Masterson , is an American author , entrepreneur , publisher , real estate investor , filmmaker , art collector , and consultant to the direct marketing and publishing industries . Ford is the author of essays and books on entrepreneurship , wealth-building , economics , and copywriting . He has also written a book of poetry and a book on word use titled Words that Work . Ford 's business writing is published under the pen name Michael Masterson . His books , Automatic Wealth and Ready , Fire , Aim , were recognized on the Wall Street Journal and New York Times Best Sellers lists . Ford is active in real estate development both in the United States and abroad . Since 1993 , he has been the chief growth strategist for Agora , Inc. , a publisher of newsletters and books . In 2014 , Ford co-wrote the comedic coming-of-age film After Midnight with Steve Cabrera .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ff97ef777f8ef906e8d68a0dacce7b3", "text": "Mark Fauser Mark Fauser is an American actor , director , screenwriter , and producer who currently operates the independent film movie studio , Overlook Productions . He has written several teleplays , plays , and movies , and has done major studio rewrites for companies such as Universal Studios , Paramount Pictures , Columbia Pictures and CBS Television . In 2002 his movie It 's All About You ( starring John D'Aquino ) was the `` Winner for Best Comedy '' at the 2001 Beverly Hills Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2481190384489e007272b730dd1b3454", "text": "Mark Landon Smith Mark Landon Smith ( born January 29 , 1964 ) is an American playwright and actor . Known as a comedy writer , with ten scripts published by Baker 's Plays/Samuel French , and Steele Spring Publishing , Drama Source and Contemporary Drama Service and includes three foreign translations , an Off-Broadway production , a film adaptation and numerous productions throughout the world annually . As actor he has appeared on stage , film and television . Film credits include Gordon Family Tree , Valley Inn , Mayfly , Neapolitan , Frog 's Hair , Greater and Crossfire . He served a producer for the films Dupont , Mississippi and The Man in the Trunk . He is the executive director of ARTS LIVE THEATRE , Co-Founder/Co-Producer of Ceramic Cow Productions and Co-Director , emcee and actor with Phunbags Comedy Improv . He is also the Founder and Co-Director of the Actor 's Casting Agency . Smith has appeared in regional theatres receiving nominations and wins for Best Actor , Best Supporting Actor , Best Featured Actor , Best Set Design and Best Choreography . His script Christmas Carol High School '' is a 2012 AATE Distinguished Play Award nominee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eef1abfa7839bb0d416d647464edd123", "text": "Hoot (novel) Hoot is a 2002 young adult novel by Carl Hiaasen . The setting takes place in Florida , where new arrival Roy makes two oddball friends and a bad enemy , and joins an effort to stop construction of a pancake house which would destroy a colony of burrowing owls who live on the site . The book won a Newbery Honor award in 2003 . A film adaptation of the book was released in May 2006 , starring Logan Lerman , Brie Larson , and Cody Linley . Hiaasen and Wil Shriner , the director and script-writer , `` fought long and hard to stay truthful to the book . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20d98732d8672b137ee6bc8a41cec736", "text": "Laura van den Berg Laura van den Berg is an American writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40cd9972c10a1815a903d213f039ce84", "text": "Mark Frost Mark Frost ( born November 25 , 1953 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , director and film producer , best known as a writer for the television series Hill Street Blues and as the co-creator of the television series Twin Peaks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51d27089426ba0c878f15d94ad7be7d9", "text": "Mark Brooks (director) Mark Brooks is an American producer , director , writer and musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3f04d1394e6e4d8b4a1d00b69712d24", "text": "Mark O'Donnell Mark O'Donnell ( July 19 , 1954 -- August 6 , 2012 ) was an American writer and humorist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1b9bab8264ca3a3926782d4d27b9c0d", "text": "Hamd A hamd , `` Praise '' in English , is a word that is usually written in Arabic , Persian , Punjabi , or Urdu and means a poetic piece in praise of God . The word `` Hamd '' comes from the Qur ` an . Hamds are recited all over the Muslim world , from Indonesia to Morocco . A Qawwali performance usually includes at least one Hamd , which is traditionally the first song in the performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1961f1ca565e6780dc18fb42924d533c", "text": "Mark L. Smith Mark L. Smith is an American screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46e2c577033c8b664a476cc68ea08e7f", "text": "Mark London Williams Mark London Williams is an American author , playwright , journalist , and creator of the young adult time travel series Danger Boy .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7d2674eae662e909871c606ee08ce93a
Thor: The Dark World was released in October 2013 in the United States.
[ { "docid": "4ec6e0ec6b6113c08038be253e1ed2ab", "text": "Thor: The Dark World Thor : The Dark World is a 2013 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Thor , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It is the sequel to 2011 's Thor and the eighth film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film was directed by Alan Taylor , with a screenplay by Christopher Yost and Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely . It stars Chris Hemsworth , Natalie Portman , Tom Hiddleston , Anthony Hopkins , Stellan Skarsgård , Idris Elba , Christopher Eccleston , Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje , Kat Dennings , Ray Stevenson , Zachary Levi , Tadanobu Asano , Jaimie Alexander , and Rene Russo . In Thor : The Dark World , Thor teams up with Loki to save the Nine Realms from the Dark Elves led by the vengeful Malekith , who intends to plunge the universe into darkness . Development of Thor : The Dark World began in April 2011 , when producer Kevin Feige announced plans for a sequel to follow the crossover film The Avengers . In July 2011 , Kenneth Branagh , the director of Thor , withdrew from the project . Brian Kirk and Patty Jenkins were considered to direct the film before Taylor was hired in January 2012 . The supporting cast filled out in August 2012 , with the hiring of Eccleston , Dennings , and Akinnuoye-Agbaje . Principal photography began in September 2012 in Surrey , England with filming continuing in Iceland and London , before wrapping up in December 2012 . Thor : The Dark World was converted to 3D in post-production . Thor : The Dark World premiered at the Odeon Leicester Square in London on October 22 , 2013 . It was released internationally on October 30 , 2013 , and on November 8 , 2013 , in the United States . The film received mixed reviews , but was a commercial success , grossing over $ 644 million worldwide . A third film , Thor : Ragnarok , is set for release on November 3 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8fefdfbe184d8640dd5fa6b60d73c2f7", "text": "This Is the End This Is the End is a 2013 American disaster comedy film directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg and stars Rogen , James Franco , Jonah Hill , Jay Baruchel , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Michael Cera and Emma Watson . The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse . The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3 , 2013 and was released in the United States on June 14 , 2013 by Columbia Pictures , before being re-released on September 6 , 2013 . The film grossed $ 126 million on a $ 32 million budget . The film makes references to the past movies of the cast , including Spider-Man , Million Dollar Baby , Forrest Gump , Superbad , Pineapple Express , Moneyball , Your Highness , The Green Hornet , 127 Hours and the Harry Potter film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18bc9b5a24ddeb19c2866f9cb67bd8ba", "text": "Dark Sector Dark Sector , also stylized as darkSector , is a third-person shooter video game developed by Digital Extremes for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows . The game is set in the fictional Eastern Bloc country of Lasria , and centers on protagonist Hayden Tenno ( voiced by Michael Rosenbaum ) , a morally ambivalent CIA `` clean-up man '' . While trying to intercept rogue agent named Robert Mezner , Hayden 's right arm is infected with the fictional Technocyte virus , which gives him the ability to grow a three-pronged `` Glaive '' at will . Dark Sector received mixed to positive reviews for its visual design , originality of action and weapon-based gameplay . Many critics have compared the game to Resident Evil 4 and Gears of War , for their similar style of play and story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebc72d874f1a71caa1a825e324e25f38", "text": "Thor In Norse mythology , Thor ( -LSB- θɔr -RSB- from Old Norse Þórr ) is a hammer-wielding god associated with thunder , lightning , storms , oak trees , strength , the protection of mankind , and also hallowing and fertility . The cognate deity in wider Germanic mythology and paganism was known in Old English as Þunor and in Old High German as Donar ( runic þonar ) , stemming from a Common Germanic * Þunraz ( meaning `` thunder '' ) . Ultimately stemming from Proto-Indo-European religion , Thor is a prominently mentioned god throughout the recorded history of the Germanic peoples , from the Roman occupation of regions of Germania , to the tribal expansions of the Migration Period , to his high popularity during the Viking Age , when , in the face of the process of the Christianization of Scandinavia , emblems of his hammer , Mjölnir , were worn and Norse pagan personal names containing the name of the god bear witness to his popularity . Into the modern period , Thor continued to be acknowledged in rural folklore throughout Germanic regions . Thor is frequently referred to in place names , the day of the week Thursday ( `` Thor 's day '' from Old English Thunresdæg , ` Thunor 's day ' ) bears his name , and names stemming from the pagan period containing his own continue to be used today . In Norse mythology , largely recorded in Iceland from traditional material stemming from Scandinavia , numerous tales and information about Thor are provided . In these sources , Thor bears at least fourteen names , is the husband of the golden-haired goddess Sif , is the lover of the jötunn Járnsaxa , and is generally described as fierce eyed , red haired and red bearded . With Sif , Thor fathered the goddess ( and possible valkyrie ) Þrúðr ; with Járnsaxa , he fathered Magni ; with a mother whose name is not recorded , he fathered Móði , and he is the stepfather of the god Ullr . The same sources list Thor as the son of the god Odin and the personified earth , Jörð , and by way of Odin , Thor has numerous brothers . Thor has two servants , Þjálfi and Röskva , rides in a cart or chariot pulled by two goats , Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr ( that he eats and resurrects ) , and is ascribed three dwellings ( Bilskirnir , Þrúðheimr , and Þrúðvangr ) . Thor wields the mountain-crushing hammer , Mjölnir , wears the belt Megingjörð and the iron gloves Járngreipr , and owns the staff Gríðarvölr . Thor 's exploits , including his relentless slaughter of his foes and fierce battles with the monstrous serpent Jörmungandr -- and their foretold mutual deaths during the events of Ragnarök -- are recorded throughout sources for Norse mythology . Thor has inspired numerous works of art and references to Thor appear in modern popular culture . Like other Germanic deities , veneration of Thor is revived in the modern period in Heathenry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904cac69dc6daca3e72a5c7ecb99d44f", "text": "List of Icelandic films of 2014 The Icelandic film industry produced over twenty feature films in 2014 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by Iceland . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2014 . Also included is an overview of the major events in Icelandic film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that have been particularly well received , both critically and financially .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6", "text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76f3dbdf2cc9cfaaac0e6f4291441325", "text": "Collector (comics) The Collector ( Taneleer Tivan ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character has been featured in nearly five decades of Marvel continuity . The Collector appears in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , portrayed by Benicio del Toro , in a cameo in the mid-credits scene of 2013 's Thor : The Dark World , and in 2014 's Guardians of the Galaxy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a", "text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7f2e59ed6c245de271cb923012b4615", "text": "Warcraft III: Reign of Chaos Warcraft III : Reign of Chaos is a high fantasy real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment , and was released in July 2002 . It is the second sequel to Warcraft : Orcs & Humans , and it is the third game set in the Warcraft fictional universe . An expansion pack , The Frozen Throne , was released in July 2003 . Warcraft III contains four playable races : Humans and Orcs , both of which had previously appeared in Warcraft : Orcs & Humans and Warcraft II : Tides of Darkness , and two new races , the Night Elves and the Undead . Warcraft IIIs single-player campaign is laid out similarly to that of StarCraft , also by Blizzard Entertainment , being told through all four of the game 's races in a progressive manner . Multiplayer mode allows for play against other players , via the Internet , instead of playing against computer-controlled characters as is done in the single-player custom game mode . The game shipped 4.5 million units to retail stores and over one million units sold within a month . Warcraft III won many awards including `` Game of the Year '' from more than six different publications .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "115583d5a52178a639c13eeddc157f1a", "text": "Darksiders Darksiders is an action role-playing hack and slash video game developed by Vigil Games and published by THQ . The game takes its inspiration from the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse , with the player taking the role of the horseman War . The game was released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 on January 5 , 2010 in North America , January 7 in Australia , January 8 in Europe , and March 18 in Japan . The Microsoft Windows version was released in North America and Australia on September 23 , and in Europe on September 24 . A parallel sequel , Darksiders II , was released on August 14 , 2012 . An enhanced version of the game titled Darksiders : Warmastered Edition was released on November 29 , 2016 for Microsoft Windows , and on November 22 for PlayStation 4 and Xbox One . A Wii U version was released on May 23 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c64b517a0a455fa55365c090ea100ba0", "text": "Lego The Lord of the Rings (video game) Lego The Lord of the Rings is a Lego-themed action-adventure video game developed by Traveller 's Tales , that was released on Nintendo 3DS , Nintendo DS , PlayStation Vita , Microsoft Windows , Wii , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 . The OS X version of the game , published by Feral Interactive , was released on 21 February 2013 . Based on The Lord of the Rings film trilogy , the game follows the original but spoofed storylines of The Fellowship of the Ring , The Two Towers , and The Return of the King , taking players through the epic story events , `` re-imagined with the humour and endless variety of Lego play '' . The game utilises music and voice acting taken from all three films of the film trilogy . Developer Traveller 's Tales has stated they toned down the slapstick humor found in other Lego-licensed titles . The game follows the events in the films ; however , like the Lego Star Wars series , some scenes from the films have been altered to become more family friendly or just provide comic relief to the player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5e66baf2067c9d985fe7c228e2908bb", "text": "Jon Mikl Thor Jon Thor ( born 1955 ) , better known as Thor , is a bodybuilding champion , actor , songwriter , screenwriter , historian , vocalist and musician . As a bodybuilder , he was the first Canadian to win both the Mr. Canada and Mr. USA titles . During his bodybuilding career , he has achieved over 40 titles around the world . As a musician , he is the front man for the heavy metal band Thor , billing himself as `` The Legendary Rock Warrior '' . He has also has had career in acting appearing in such films as Recruits ( 1986 ) , Zombie Nightmare ( 1987 ) , Rock 'n' Roll Nightmare ( 1987 ) and FUBAR ( 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90a4cf7bed6fd943e6e6ec9fdcc401a7", "text": "Unchained (EP) Unchained is an EP by Canadian heavy metal band Thor . The album 's title is taken from the Italian-French epic fantasy feature film Hercules Unchained ( 1959 ) . Tracks `` Rock the City '' and `` When Gods Collide '' were later re-recorded for the album Only the Strong ( 1985 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cce007bc7bd6876b62dde384f7bb8ab7", "text": "Tolkien's legendarium Tolkien 's legendarium is the term for the entirety of J. R. R. Tolkien 's mythopoetic writing that forms the background to his The Lord of the Rings . Tolkien worked and re-worked the components of his legendarium throughout his adult life , or during a period of more than 50 years ; the earliest drafts , published in The Book of Lost Tales ( 1983 ) dating to 1916 . Colloquially , `` Middle-earth '' is popularly used as a shorthand for a `` canonical '' or mature form of Tolkien 's narrative , Middle-earth being Tolkien 's term for the inhabited part of the world in which most of his published stories were set . The mythological and cosmological background of Tolkien 's published works was sketched in the posthumously-published The Silmarillion ( 1977 ) , and in Tolkien studies as a field as it has developed since the 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1dbfd1cea9ace7721909ada2d6207b8", "text": "List of British films of 2013 The British film industry produced over five hundred feature films in 2013 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by the United Kingdom . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2013 . Also included is an overview of the major events in British film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that were particularly well received , both critically and financially . The year was particularly notable for a number of low budget and independent horror films , such as In Fear , Devil 's Pass , Dementamania and Stalled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46a0404247a4625830cf6f656931924a", "text": "Thor: The Mighty Avenger (toy line) Thor : The Mighty Avenger is a toy line manufactured by Hasbro based on the Marvel Comics film , Thor . It is composed mainly of 3.75 '' scale action figures . The line falls under Marvel 's `` Avengers Assemble '' marketing banner , which will also include the Iron Man : The Armored Avenger and Captain America : The First Avenger toy lines . This will be used as a lead up to 2012 's The Avengers motion picture . Unlike previous 3.75 '' action figure lines based on movies , Hasbro is not doing a comic series with this line . All of the figures will be based on the movie . This official street date for the line is March 1 , though some stores have started selling the toys in early February .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e964eec116d42efb2decdf23ecedb53d", "text": "I Am Thor I Am Thor is a documentary about the life of bodybuilder and rock musician Jon Mikl Thor of the band THOR . The film was directed by Ryan Wise and produced by Ryan Wise and Alan Higbee and had its world premiere at the 2015 Slamdance Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdb8048a12b2db319c910f79c7aae0f4", "text": "The History of Middle-earth The History of Middle-earth is a 12-volume series of books published between 1983 and 1996 that collect and analyse material relating to the fiction of J. R. R. Tolkien , compiled and edited by his son , Christopher Tolkien . The series shows the development over time of Tolkien 's conception of Middle-earth as a fictional place with its own peoples , languages , and history , from his earliest notions of a `` mythology for England '' through to the development of the stories that make up The Silmarillion and The Lord of the Rings . It is not a `` history of Middle-earth '' in the sense of being a chronicle of events in Middle-earth written from an in-universe perspective . In 2000 -- 01 , the twelve volumes were republished in three limited edition omnibus volumes . Non-deluxe editions of the three volumes were published in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0472513cea3ef8d1901da80db4c5a620", "text": "Lego Friends (2013 video game) Lego Friends is a Lego-themed life simulation video game developed by Hellbent Games and published by Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment . The game was first released for Nintendo 3DS systems on 12 November 2013 , and for Nintendo DS systems on 8 April 2014 . The game was later ported to and released for Android and iOS devices on 31 July 2014 . The game is based on the Lego Friends theme of the same name and adapts many of the characters and settings from it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cadde8de076a67bd19e94c2dff757261", "text": "Thor & Loki: Blood Brothers Thor & Loki : Blood Brothers is a four episode motion comic from Marvel Knights Animation released in April 2011 . It is based on the 2004 miniseries Loki by Robert Rodi and Esad Ribic . A DVD containing all four episodes was released on September 13 , 2011 from Shout ! Factory .", "title": "" } ]
fever
387038c59b6029ddcf7ef274ab3bb14d
Felicity Jones was in a work directed by James Marsh.
[ { "docid": "e8b710437388ab7de8fa866c9a9bf62a", "text": "Felicity Jones Felicity Rose Hadley Jones ( born 17 October 1983 ) is an English actress . She started her professional acting career as a child , appearing at age 12 in The Treasure Seekers ( 1996 ) . Jones went on to play Ethel Hallow for one season in the television show The Worst Witch and its sequel Weirdsister College . She took time off from acting to attend university at Wadham College , Oxford where she performed in Shakespeare 's The Comedy of Errors for the Oxford University Dramatic Society , and has worked steadily since graduating in 2006 . On radio , she has played the role of Emma Grundy in the BBC 's The Archers . In 2008 , she appeared in the Donmar Warehouse production of The Chalk Garden . Since 2006 , Jones has appeared in numerous films , including Northanger Abbey ( 2007 ) , Brideshead Revisited ( 2008 ) , Chéri ( 2009 ) , and The Tempest ( 2010 ) . Her performance in the 2011 film Like Crazy was met with critical acclaim , garnering her numerous awards , including a special jury prize at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival . In 2014 , her performance as Jane Hawking in The Theory of Everything also met with critical acclaim , garnering her nominations for the Golden Globe , SAG , BAFTA and Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2016 , Jones starred in the adventure-thriller Inferno , the fantasy drama A Monster Calls and the Star Wars anthology film Rogue One . In 2016 , she received the BAFTA Britannia Award for British Artist of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e91adec0e1c3f699280ff9404cbf2297", "text": "Felicity Barr Felicity Barr ( born 6 September 1970 ) is an English broadcast journalist , currently working for Al Jazeera English .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e036a57e2360a52707b72c2a7e2c42", "text": "Katie Henney Katie Henney ( born January 1 , 1993 ) is an American former child actress best known for her role as Elizabeth Cole in the 2005 movie , Felicity : An American Girl Adventure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a116b69c0dfd003c9a6e9824c124fdd8", "text": "Felicity Montagu Felicity J. Montagu ( born 12 September 1960 ) is an English actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bef996093f74f5bd2d9a99899678412", "text": "Doctor in Trouble Doctor in Trouble is a 1970 British comedy film , the seventh and last film in the Doctor series . It was directed by Ralph Thomas and stars Leslie Phillips as a doctor who gets accidentally trapped on an outgoing cruise ship while it begins a round the world trip . The cast was rounded out by a number of British comedy actors including James Robertson Justice , Harry Secombe and Angela Scoular . It was based on the story Doctor on Toast by Richard Gordon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7bb9664a81f2ca1af20fb01072179a7", "text": "James Howard (dramatist) James Howard ( c. 1640 -- July 1669 ) was an English dramatist and member of a Royalist family during the English Civil War and the Restoration . He was the 9th son of Thomas Howard , 1st Earl of Berkshire and his wife Elizabeth . Howard wrote two comedies , All Mistaken , or the Mad Couple , ( c. 1667 ) , and The English Mounsieur ( 1666 ) . Both of these starred Nell Gwynn , the mistress of Charles II . Howard had three brothers who also wrote plays -- Edward Howard , Colonel Henry Howard , and Robert Howard . Their sister , Elizabeth Howard , was married to John Dryden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1794607c304f64b935b4f954b4c7a3f5", "text": "Hyena (2014 film) Hyena is a 2014 British film described as a `` police corruption thriller '' . written and directed by Gerard Johnson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12cc40c78f7eb7a6a31d674779a00352", "text": "Gareth Jones (actor) Gareth Jones ( 6 June 1925 -- 30 November 1958 ) was a British actor , born in Lampeter , Wales , chiefly remembered for the circumstances of his death . During a live television broadcast of the Armchair Theatre play Underground on the ITV network in the UK on 30 November 1958 , Jones suffered a massive heart attack and died while off-camera between two of his scenes . Some contemporary news reports stated that he had suffered the heart attack while on camera , although most references claim that he was stricken while in a make-up chair , between scenes . However , actor Peter Bowles , also in the cast , recalled that `` During transmission , a little group of us was talking on camera while awaiting the arrival of Gareth Jones 's character , who had some information for us . We could see him coming up towards us , but we saw him fall . We had no idea what had happened , but he certainly was n't coming our way '' . Director Ted Kotcheff and the remaining cast were forced to improvise to carry the play to its conclusion , with producer Sydney Newman ordering Kotcheff to `` shoot it like a football match '' . Coincidentally , Jones 's character was to have suffered a heart attack during the play . Jones had appeared in three other Armchair Theatre plays in 1958 - `` Noon On Doomsday '' ( 6 July 1958 ) , `` Trial By Candlelight '' ( 22 June 1958 ) , and `` Miss Olive '' ( 6 April 1958 ) . Other TV appearances included the ITV Television Playhouse production of `` Thunder On Sycamore Street '' ( 11 October 1957 ) , the BBC Television adaptation of Under Milk Wood ( 9 May 1957 ) , the BBC series `` Onion Boys '' ( 1957 ) , and `` A Tale Of Two Cities '' ( 1957 ) . He earlier appeared in Dundee Repertory Theatre plays including `` Petticoat Influence '' ( 1952 ) , The Beaver Coat ( 1952 ) , `` The Hollow Crown '' ( 1952 ) , `` The Queen 's Husband '' ( 1952 ) , `` Young Madame Conti '' ( 1952 ) , and The Lark ( 1955 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6db996cbe144d9144ff6547e87f2575a", "text": "James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick , based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl . It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi , directed by Henry Selick , and starred Paul Terry as James . The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation . Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James 's aunts in the live-action segments , and Simon Callow , Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , Jane Leeves , David Thewlis , and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e76e91231a6cca0dfe83c5833043eda8", "text": "Bridget Jones Bridget Jones is a franchise based on a fictional character of the same name . British writer Helen Fielding started her Bridget Jones 's Diary column in The Independent in 1995 , while chronicling the life of Jones as a thirtysomething single woman in London as she tries to make sense of life and love with the help of a surrogate `` urban family '' of friends in the 1990s . The column lampooned the obsession of women with women 's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and wider social trends in Britain at the time . Fielding published the novelisation of the column in 1996 , followed by a sequel in 1999 called Bridget Jones : The Edge of Reason . Both novels were adapted for the big screen in 2001 and 2004 , starring Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones , and Hugh Grant and Colin Firth as the men in her life : Daniel Cleaver and Mark Darcy , respectively . After Fielding had ceased to work for The Daily Telegraph in late 1998 , the feature began again in The Independent on 4 August 2005 and finished in June 2006 . Helen Fielding released a third novel in 2013 , Bridget Jones : Mad About the Boy , which is set 14 years after the events of the second novel . The fictional character `` Bridget Jones '' was named on the 2016 Woman 's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women 's lives over the past 70 years , alongside Margaret Thatcher , Barbara Castle , Helen Brook , Germaine Greer , Jayaben Desai and Beyoncé .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06a5cfe8d0589c2e5b584f3e5238f6e4", "text": "Dream Boy (film) Dream Boy is a 2008 gay-themed romantic drama film written and directed by James Bolton and based on Jim Grimsley 's 1995 novel of the same name about two gay teenagers who fall in love in the rural South during the late 1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb05879aced42fd1a601c3f79d7295b6", "text": "Mindhunters Mindhunters is a 2004 American-British crime thriller film directed by Renny Harlin and starring Kathryn Morris , LL Cool J , Jonny Lee Miller , Patricia Velásquez , Clifton Collins , Jr. , Christian Slater and Val Kilmer . It was written by Wayne Kramer and Kevin Brodbin ( with an uncredited rewrite by Ehren Kruger ) . Unusually , the last country to receive this film was the United States in 2005 , because of the film 's distribution rights being changed from 20th Century Fox to Dimension Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c13195d0f47d5d5740169f32f0768f7c", "text": "Oliver Twist (1985 TV serial) Oliver Twist is a 1985 BBC TV serial . It was directed by Gareth Davies , and adapted by Alexander Baron from the novel by Charles Dickens . It follows the book more closely than any of the other film adaptions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48531ac0fefb6047de4876191b160cf1", "text": "Solomon Kane (film) Solomon Kane is a 2009 French-British-Czech dark fantasy action-adventure film written and directed by Michael J. Bassett based on the pulp magazine character Solomon Kane created in 1928 by Robert E. Howard . James Purefoy stars in the title role . Despite optioning the rights in 1997 , filming did not begin until January 2008 . The film is an original story for the Kane character and was intended to be the first of a trilogy . The plot follows a redemption story for Kane , from the end of his life as a privateer , through the salvation of his soul by rescuing a Puritan girl and the beginning of his life as the Puritan avenger of the source material . It was produced by a consortium of French , Czech , and British companies and mostly filmed in the Czech Republic . The film was first shown at the 2009 Toronto International Film Festival . It went on general release in France , Spain , and the UK over the end of 2009 and the beginning of 2010 . Reception was generally favourable , with a Rotten Tomatoes rating of 66 % following the UK/US release ; the film 's atmosphere and Purefoy 's acting attracted the most acclaim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c7d425819651233177409cc330cf202", "text": "Marsha's Scheme of Diamonds `` Marsha 's Scheme of Diamonds '' is the 58th episode of the Batman television series . It originally aired on ABC , on November 24 , 1966 and guest starred Carolyn Jones as Marsha , Queen of Diamonds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f2929ea686fcf4c809b6375a90715d0", "text": "R. Malcolm Jones R. Malcolm Jones is an American music video and motion picture director . Jones is a graduate of the University of Miami . While a student at the University , Jones was granted the Eastman Kodak Scholarship he is its youngest recipient . Jones also received a Merit Scholarship . After graduation R. Malcolm Jones went on to direct Music Videos for various artist . He was nominated for Video Director of the Year at the 2008 BET Awards . In 2009 the MTV Video Awards nominated his video Right Round by Flo Rida feat Kei $ ha for Best Hip Hop Video . R. Malcolm Jones has directed Music Videos for Flo Rida , Avril Lavigne , Cassidy feat Swizz Beats , T-Pain , Chris Brown , Lil Mama , Mario , Ray J , R. Kelly , Cali Swag District , K'la , YC , Travis Porter , Jordan Taylor , Vanessa Hudgens , Nas , Clipse , Fat Jose , Brooke Hogan , The Pack , and Roscoe Dash . Jones has also directed commercials for HBO ( a talk with Spike Lee ) , BET ( 2009 BET Spring Bling ) and CMT ( Dallas Cowboy Cheerleaders ) . R. Malcolm Jones has made a personal appearance as a guest on BET 's Top 25 Countdown and was a featured director for Vh1 's Hogan Knows Best , MTV 's Making The Video and BET 's All Access Granted . R. Malcolm Jones has directed and written several motion picture projects . They include , Seven Lives : Seven Survivors ( a documentary ) His short films include , Ambush , Sweet Potato Pie and Shattered . He has currently finished production of his motion picture Secrets of the Magic City starring Jennifer Lewis , Jamie Hector and Keith David . Secrets of the Magic City screened at the 2013 American Black Film Festival ( ABFF ) in the `` Narrative '' category it screened at the 2013 Annual Urban World Film Festival in New York City and the 2013 Bronze Lens Film Festival in Atlanta where Jamie Hector and Jenifer Lewis were nominated and won awards for Best Actor and Actress . The film debuted on Centric TV June 26 , 2015 and received world wide distribution with EOne Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08544d25a16bd615c82110b82aef3fe1", "text": "Annihilation Earth Annihilation Earth is a 2009 science fiction television film for Syfy , directed by Nick Lyon , written by Rafael Jordan , and starring Luke Goss , Marina Sirtis , and Colin Salmon . It follows the attempts by an energy scientist to determine the causes of a deadly explosion at a particle collider and mitigate its aftereffects . It premiered on December 12 , 2009 . According to the IMDB review , the film was criticised for its tragic ending , where humanity went into extinction thanks to the two main characters of the film , David and Paxton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be375ba29179c9263870a0bde57b9478", "text": "Lazlow Jones Jeffrey Crawford `` Lazlow '' Jones ( born September 4 , 1973 ) is an American writer , producer , director and talk show host based in New York City . He was the host of Technofile , a radio show syndicated on more than 100 radio stations in America and as well as Sirius XM Satellite Radio . The Technofile ran from February 1995 to July 2007 . He has also been involved in writing , producing , and doing voicework ( as a version of himself ) for the Grand Theft Auto ( GTA ) series of video games , widening his influence and recognition far beyond that of a radio host . Lazlow also worked at an advertising agency as a writer and producer , along with writer Reed Tucker ( who is now his talk radio show 's producer ) on advertisements for a variety of consumer products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aea547d5519a4753b43e17cb87fe3c5", "text": "Perfect Sense Perfect Sense , formerly known as The Last Word , is a 2011 science fiction drama film directed by David Mackenzie and written by Kim Fupz Aakeson , starring Eva Green and Ewan McGregor . Scenes were shot in various locations around Glasgow , Mexico City and Kenya . The film premiered at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5021206e2ef749ed1b615424878033d7", "text": "Predicament Predicament is a 2010 comedy horror film based on the 1975 novel by Ronald Hugh Morrieson and starring Jemaine Clement of the musical comedy duo Flight of the Conchords plus Tim Finn of the Finn Brothers . Filmed in Hawera and Eltham in Taranaki , it was the last Morrieson novel to be adapted for cinema ; his other three novels were filmed in the 1980s .", "title": "" } ]
fever
005ccca5403a35357c5c33ef35692564
O. J. Simpson died before football was invented.
[ { "docid": "a20c99ecf7e3115b5e82fa5493a34ffc", "text": "O. J. Simpson Orenthal James `` O. J. '' Simpson ( born July 9 , 1947 ) , nicknamed The Juice , is a former American football running back , broadcaster , actor , and convicted armed robber and kidnapper . Simpson attended the University of Southern California ( USC ) , where he played college football for the USC Trojans and won the Heisman Trophy in 1968 . He played professionally in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a running back for 11 seasons , with the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1977 and with the San Francisco 49ers from 1978 to 1979 . In 1973 , he became the first NFL player to rush for more than 2,000 yards in a season ; holding the record for the single season yards-per-game average , which stands at 143.1 . He is the only player to ever rush for over 2,000 yards in the 14-game regular season NFL format . Simpson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1983 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985 . After retiring from football , he began new careers in acting and football broadcasting . In 1995 , Simpson was acquitted of the 1994 murders of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman after a lengthy and internationally publicised trial . The families of the victims filed a civil suit against him , and in 1997 a civil court awarded a $ 33.5 million judgment against Simpson for the victims ' wrongful deaths . In 2007 , Simpson was arrested in Las Vegas , Nevada , and charged with felonies including armed robbery and kidnapping . In 2008 , he was convicted and sentenced to 33 years imprisonment , with a minimum of nine years without parole . He is serving his sentence at the Lovelock Correctional Center in Lovelock , Nevada .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "41c69d5850441c66975ea8779cd1df46", "text": "Walt Jean Walter LeJeune Jean ( January 2 , 1898 -- March 28 , 1961 ) was a professional football player from Chillicothe , Ohio . Jean was born and began his pro career as Walter LeJeune .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0626d6c4b9684db6b407775229c63bae", "text": "Johnny Kovatch John Paul `` Johnny '' Kovatch ( June 6 , 1912 -- October 11 , 2013 ) was a professional American football player who played six games as an end for the Cleveland Rams of the National Football League during their 1938 season . His tenure with the Rams ended in October 1938 , when he fractured his backbone and was injured for the remainder of the season . Kovatch was born in South Bend , Indiana and took up football at Central High School . Prior to his professional career he was an end on the Northwestern Wildcats football team from 1935 through 1937 . After his professional career he took up football coaching at Saginaw High School in Michigan . He then served as grid coach at Illinois Wesleyan University , before becoming head football and basketball coach in January 1942 , in addition to positions that he already held as athletic director and track coach . In April 1942 , however , he joined Indiana University Bloomington as an assistant coach . In April 1944 he was called to serve in the United States Army during World War II . Kovatch stayed at Indiana until March 1947 , when he joined the coaching staff of his alma mater , Northwestern University . He remained there until February 1955 and was hired as an end coach at the University of Nebraska the following month . Less than a year later , in January 1956 , he joined the staff at the University of Kansas . Until his death in October 2013 , he was the second-oldest living former NFL player , behind Ace Parker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74a490ac14ee2980af69a0611b25649f", "text": "C. Noel Workman Charles Noel Workman ( May 26 , 1897 -- August 29 , 1975 ) was an American football player and coach of football , basketball , and baseball . He was the head football coach at Simpson College from 1923 to 1925 at Iowa State University from 1926 to 1930 , compiling a career college football coaching record of 33 -- 30 -- 5 . Workman was also the head basketball coach at Simpson from 1923 to 1926 , tallying a mark of 29 -- 22 , and the head baseball coach at Simpson in 1923 and at Iowa State from 1929 to 1930 , amassing a career college baseball coaching record of 15 -- 27 . Workman graduated from Ohio State University in 1923 . He was the older brother of Hoge Workman , who was his teammate at Ohio State .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7706353a69e60d9b59b3d0e2f7155ff8", "text": "List of sports rivalries A sports rivalry is intense competition between athletic teams or athletes . This pressure of competition is felt by players , coaches , and management , but is perhaps felt strongest by the fans . The intensity of the rivalry varies from a friendly competition on one end to serious violence on the other that , in one case ( the Football War ) , was suggested to have led to military conflicts . Owners typically encourage rivalries as they tend to improve game attendance and television ratings for rivalry matches , but a rivalry that gets out of control can lead to fighting , hooliganism , rioting and some , with career-ending or even fatal consequences . Rivalries stem from various sources . Simple geographic proximity as well as frequent meetings in important games can lead to rivalries . Games between two rivals of close geographical proximity are usually called a local derby , or simply just derby ( UK : -LSB- 'd ɑrbi -RSB- or US : -LSB- ˈdɜrbi -RSB- ) ; a sporting fixture between two teams from the same town , city or region , particularly in association football . The phrase most likely originated from The Derby , a horse race in England , founded by the 12th Earl of Derby in 1780 , since at least as early as 1840 ` derby ' has been used as a noun in English to denote any kind of sporting contest . In the United States , the term crosstown rivalry is more commonly encountered for this type of rivalry . The town of Derby was renowned as the site of a chaotic and exuberant game that involved the whole town and often resulted in fatalities . The goals were at Nuns Mill in the north and the Gallows Balk in the south of the town , and much of the action took place in the River Derwent or the Markeaton Brook . Nominally the players came from All Saints ' and St Peter 's parishes , but in practice the game was a free-for-all with as many as 1,000 players . A Frenchman who observed the match in 1829 wrote in horror , ` if Englishmen call this play , it would be impossible to say what they call fighting ' . The traditional Shrovetide football match is commonplace in the town of Ashbourne , Derbyshire . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d886e36ad4c805b242d38f37b5c5655b", "text": "Walter J. West Walter James West ( October 26 , 1917 -- September 13 , 1984 ) was an American football player and coach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7828895436a5570c188d8c96f4a383ad", "text": "Mike Simpson (American football) Michael Harry Simpson ( born March 13 , 1947 ) is a former American football defensive back who played four seasons with the San Francisco 49ers of the National Football League . He was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the thirteenth round of the 1969 NFL Draft . He played college football at the University of Houston and attended Port Neches -- Groves High School in Port Neches , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2ce9062a4c9b0b78409c391f91c8cc5", "text": "History of American football The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football . Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century , in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line , which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games . American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football , most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp , a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the `` Father of American Football '' . Among these important changes were the introduction of the line of scrimmage , of down-and-distance rules and of the legalization of interference . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , gameplay developments by college coaches such as Eddie Cochems , Amos Alonzo Stagg , Parke H. Davis , Knute Rockne , and Glenn `` Pop '' Warner helped take advantage of the newly introduced forward pass . The popularity of college football grew as it became the dominant version of the sport in the United States for the first half of the 20th century . Bowl games , a college football tradition , attracted a national audience for college teams . Boosted by fierce rivalries and colorful traditions , college football still holds widespread appeal in the United States . The origin of professional football can be traced back to 1892 , with William `` Pudge '' Heffelfinger 's $ 500 contract to play in a game for the Allegheny Athletic Association against the Pittsburgh Athletic Club . In 1920 the American Professional Football Association was formed . This league changed its name to the National Football League ( NFL ) two years later , and eventually became the major league of American football . Primarily a sport of Midwestern industrial towns in the United States , professional football eventually became a national phenomenon . The modern era of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game , which was the first American football game to feature hash marks , the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage , the first indoor game since 1902 , and the movement of the goal posts back to goal line . Other innovations to occur immediately after 1932 , were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934 , the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934 , the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935 , the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939 . Another important event was the American football game at the 1932 Summer Olympics , which combined with a similar demonstration game at 1933 World 's Fair , led to the first College All-Star Game in 1934 , which in turn was an important factor in the growth of professional football in the United States . American football 's explosion in popularity during the second half of the 20th century can be traced to the 1958 NFL Championship Game , a contest that has been dubbed the `` Greatest Game Ever Played '' . A rival league to the NFL , the American Football League ( AFL ) , began play in 1960 ; the pressure it put on the senior league led to a merger between the two leagues and the creation of the Super Bowl , which has become the most watched television event in the United States on an annual basis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11a0a5bf8f8b080c4aa00ec9e7146913", "text": "Douglas Wilkie Medal The Douglas Wilkie Medal is an award presented to those who do the least for Australian rules football , in the best and fairest manner . An accolade presented by the Anti-Football League , it is named after Douglas Wilkie , a Sun News-Pictorial columnist who wrote for the paper during the years 1946 -- 1986 . It was Douglas Wilkie who first suggested the notion of an Anti-Football League , which was brought into being by Keith Dunstan . The League exists as a response to the overwhelming obsession of football by the Melbourne public . The award is the League 's answer to the Australian Football League 's Brownlow Medal , an honour bestowed on footballers who throughout the season play in a skilled and sportsmanlike fashion . Following the suggestion of Wilkie 's fellow writer Cyril Pearl , who wished to burn a football to express his disaffection for the game , the winner must destroy a football in a unique and creative manner on receiving their medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7eefde00047e14008a809ab3f4508a88", "text": "History of basketball The history of basketball began with its invention in 1891 in Springfield , Massachusetts by Canadian physical education instructor James Naismith as a less injury-prone sport than football . The game became established fairly quickly and grew very popular as the 20th century progressed , first in America and then throughout the world . After basketball became established in American colleges , the professional game followed . The American National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , established in 1946 , grew to a multibillion-dollar enterprise by the end of the century , and basketball became an integral part of American culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c1b7cf19223b2372393b79a20477e0e", "text": "Jim Thorpe James Francis Thorpe ( Sac and Fox ( Sauk ) : Wa-Tho-Huk , translated as `` Bright Path '' ; May 22 or 28 , 1887March 28 , 1953 ) was an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist . A member of the Sac and Fox Nation , Thorpe became the first Native American to win a gold medal for his home country . Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports , he won Olympic gold medals in the 1912 pentathlon and decathlon , and played American football ( collegiate and professional ) , professional baseball , and basketball . He lost his Olympic titles after it was found he had been paid for playing two seasons of semi-professional baseball before competing in the Olympics , thus violating the amateurism rules that were then in place . In 1983 , 30 years after his death , the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) restored his Olympic medals . Thorpe grew up in the Sac and Fox Nation in Oklahoma , and attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School , where he was a two-time All-American for the school 's football team . After his Olympic success in 1912 , which included a record score in the decathlon , he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the Amateur Athletic Union . In 1913 , Thorpe signed with the New York Giants , and he played six seasons in Major League Baseball between 1913 and 1919 . Thorpe joined the Canton Bulldogs American football team in 1915 , helping them win three professional championships ; he later played for six teams in the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career , and barnstormed as a professional basketball player with a team composed entirely of American Indians . From 1920 to 1921 , Thorpe was nominally the first president of the American Professional Football Association ( APFA ) , which became the NFL in 1922 . He played professional sports until age 41 , the end of his sports career coinciding with the start of the Great Depression . He struggled to earn a living after that , working several odd jobs . He suffered from alcoholism , and lived his last years in failing health and poverty . He was married three times and had eight children , before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953 . Thorpe has received various accolades for his athletic accomplishments . The Associated Press named him the `` greatest athlete '' from the first 50 years of the 20th century , and the Pro Football Hall of Fame inducted him as part of its inaugural class in 1963 . A Pennsylvania town was named in his honor and a monument site there is the site of his remains , which were the subject of legal action . Thorpe was portrayed in the 1951 film Jim Thorpe -- All-American , and appeared in several films himself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4551243645a3420a97a31bbda98e4784", "text": "1869 college football season The 1869 college football season was the first season of intercollegiate football in the United States . While played using improvised rules resembling soccer and rugby as much as the modern American sport , it is traditionally considered the inaugural college football season . The 1869 season consisted of only two total games , both of which occurred between Rutgers University and Princeton University ; The first was played on November 6 at Rutgers ' campus , and the second was played on November 13 at Princeton 's campus . These games were comparable to soccer . The first ever college football national championship awarded ( retroactively ) was split between the only two participants in 1869 , Rutgers and Princeton . Princeton was named the champion by the Billingsley Report and the National Championship Foundation , while college football research historian Parke H. Davis named the two teams co-champions . Various other ratings and retrospectives have rated the teams differently . The two games were played with rules very different from what is currently understood as American football , and also played under home field rules that differed from each other . However , what developed into a more rugby-style play and eventually into the football known by current fans had its beginnings in 1874 , when McGill ( Montreal ) visited Harvard to play `` The Boston Game '' and British rugby .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4028a838752b7451cc230c95329095a8", "text": "Kato Kaelin Brian Gerard `` Kato '' Kaelin ( -LSB- ˈkeɪtoʊ_ˈkeɪlɪn -RSB- born March 9 , 1959 ) is an American radio and television personality who gained fame as a witness during the 1994 -- 95 murder trial of O. J. Simpson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b382797f107c0a37e2e96e308c7505a", "text": "Jimmy Smith (footballer, born 1889) James `` Jimmy '' Smith ( c. 1889 -- 8 October 1918 ) was an English professional footballer who scored 49 goals from 90 appearances in the Football League playing as a centre forward for Bradford ( Park Avenue ) . Smith was born in Stafford , Staffordshire . He was a prolific scorer in local football in the Hanley area , but began his professional career with Southern League club Brighton & Hove Albion in January 1911 . He was the club 's top scorer in the 1911 -- 12 season with 27 goals in all competitions . In November 1912 , he moved into the Football League , joining Bradford for the substantial fee of # 735 plus inside forward Bobby Simpson . Smith played 90 League games for Bradford , scoring at better than a goal every two games and helping them earn promotion to the First Division in 1914 , before the First World War interrupted his career . He served as a gunner in the Royal Field Artillery , and was killed in action on the Western Front in 1918 , a few weeks before he was due to get married . He is buried in the British Cemetery at Ramicourt , Aisne , France .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b22b7b59fbf1d7c79b7bb67bfdea70f4", "text": "American Football League (1936) The American Football League ( AFL ) was a professional American football league that operated in 1936 and 1937 . The AFL operated in direct competition with the more established National Football League ( NFL ) throughout its existence . While the American media generally ignored its operation ( often relegating game coverage to `` page filler '' status ) , this second AFL was the first `` home '' of the Cleveland Rams , which joined the National Football League after one year in the AFL . In 1937 , the Los Angeles Bulldogs , the first professional football team to play its home games on the West Coast , also became the first professional football team to win a league championship with a perfect record ( no losses , no ties ) -- 11 years before the Cleveland Browns ( AAFC ) and 35 years before the Miami Dolphins ( NFL ) accomplished the same feat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfe81724965e80d9b5787c4ce7f82f3c", "text": "Sports betting Sports betting is the activity of predicting sports results and placing a wager on the outcome . The frequency of sports bet upon varies by culture , with the vast majority of bets being placed on association football , American football , basketball , baseball , hockey , mixed martial arts , track cycling , and boxing at both the amateur and professional levels . Sports betting can also extend to non-athletic events , such as reality show contests and political elections , and non-human contests such as horse racing , greyhound racing and illegal , underground dog fighting . Sports bettors place their wagers either legally , through a bookmaker/sportsbook , or illegally through privately run enterprises referred to as `` bookies '' . The term `` book '' being a reference to the books used by wagebrokers to track wagers , payouts , and debts . The majority of legal sportsbooks are found online , operated over the internet from jurisdictions separate from the clients they serve , usually to get around various gambling laws ( such as the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 in the United States ) in select markets , such as Las Vegas , Nevada , or on gambling cruises through self-serve kiosks . They take bets `` up-front '' , meaning the bettor must pay the sportsbook before placing the bet . Illegal bookies , due to the nature of their business , can operate literally anywhere but only require money from losing bettors and do n't require the wagered money up front , creating the possibility of debt to the bookie from the bettor . This creates a number of other criminal elements , thus furthering their illegality . Sportsbetting has resulted in a number of scandals in sport , affecting the integrity of sports events through various acts including point shaving ( players affecting the score by missing shots ) , spot-fixing ( a player action is fixed ) , bad calls from officials at key moments , and overall match fixing ( the overall result of the event is fixed ) . Examples are the 1919 World Series , the alleged ( and later admitted ) illegal gambling of former MLB player Pete Rose , and former NBA referee Tim Donaghy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6de58eea78d8f1517f5046d57d1bc6ba", "text": "Jack Nason Edward Earl `` Jack '' Nason aka Running Deer ( April 8 , 1899 - March 9 , 1977 ) was a professional football player who played in the National Football League during the 1922 and 1923 seasons . He joined the NFL 's Oorang Indians . The Indians were a team based in LaRue , Ohio , composed only of Native Americans , and coached by Jim Thorpe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae0a52fd3710fbbfeb730a50d2a36d07", "text": "Tex Maule Hamilton Prieleaux Bee Maule , commonly known as Tex Maule ( May 19 , 1915 in Ojus , Florida -- May 16 , 1981 ) was the lead American football writer for Sports Illustrated in the 1950s , 1960s , and 1970s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bccdc9152b61bdf15a0ba52d6d68937", "text": "Ocie Austin Ocie Moore Austin ( January 8 , 1947 -- July 22 , 2014 ) was a professional American football defensive back in the National Football League ( NFL ) . He attended Utah State University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3764e7234bddbc73d71d09c91b8f51e", "text": "List of The Simpsons video games The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa and Maggie . It is set in the fictional town of Springfield , and lampoons American culture , society and television , and many aspects of the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a pitch for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 and after a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became a hit series for Fox . The growing popularity of the series motivated video game developers to create video games based on the series . Two pinball machines have also been produced ; one self-titled , that was only made available for a limited time after the first season finale ( 1990 ) and The Simpsons Pinball Party ( 2003 ) . Additionally , several handheld device games have been released , such as Bartman : Avenger of Evil ( 1990 ) and Bart Simpson 's Cupcake Crisis ( 1991 ) . Video games based on the series have reached multiple platforms since their debut in 1991 . The Simpsons '' ' first video game release , The Simpsons , developed and published by Konami , saw a release on the Commodore 64 and DOS , while Bart vs. the Space Mutants ( 1991 ) , developed by Imagineering , expanded the franchise into new platforms , including the Amstrad CPC , NES and Master System . Over the next few years , the franchise would continue to expand , releasing system-exclusive games , such as the PC 's Cartoon Studio ( 1996 ) and the PlayStation 's The Simpsons Wrestling ( 2001 ) . The release of The Simpsons Game ( 2007 ) , developed by EA Redwood Shores ( Visceral Games ) , further expanded the franchise , appearing on new platforms including the Wii , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Due to the series ' longevity , The Simpsons video games have also spanned across many genres , such as the puzzle game Krusty 's Fun House ( 1992 ) , the sports game Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness ( 1994 ) and racing game Road Rage ( 2001 ) . The Simpsons is also one of the franchises spotlighted in the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions '' ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3b2f06a8d10b6783aafe04f276ca25c", "text": "Origins of Australian rules football The origins of Australian rules football date back to the late 1850s in Melbourne , the capital city of Victoria . There is documentary evidence of `` foot-ball '' being played in Australia as early as the 1820s . These games were poorly documented but appear to have been informal , one-off affairs . In 1858 , cricketers , sports ' enthusiasts and school students began to regularly play variants of English public school football in the parklands of Melbourne . The following year , when the Melbourne Football Club was formed , four members codified the first laws of Australian rules football . Professional historians began to take a serious interest in the origins of Australian rules football in the late 1970s , and the first academic study of the sport 's origins was published in 1982 . Since then , empirical research has debunked various origin myths , including the view that Australian rules football is derived from the Irish sport of Gaelic football . It has also been claimed that indigenous football games such as Marngrook played a role in the formation of Australian rules football , but there is little evidence to support this theory .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7f24f13b184681e3058da20b190e9d2f
Ryan Phillippe and Reese Witherspoon married each other.
[ { "docid": "f1bdb225b3380c226e26e7f0f22ef6ac", "text": "Ryan Phillippe Matthew Ryan Phillippe ( -LSB- ˈfɪlᵻpi -RSB- born September 10 , 1974 ) is an American actor , director , and writer . After appearing as Billy Douglas on the soap opera One Life to Live , he came to fame in the late 1990s with starring roles in a string of films , including I Know What You Did Last Summer , Cruel Intentions , and 54 . In the 2000s , he appeared in several films , including Gosford Park ( 2001 ) , Crash ( 2004 ) , and war drama Flags of Our Fathers ( 2006 ) , Breach ( 2007 ) , and Stop-Loss ( 2008 ) . In 2010 , Phillippe starred as Pulitzer Prize-winning photographer Greg Marinovich in The Bang-Bang Club . Currently , he stars in the lead role of Bob Lee Swagger in the USA Network thriller drama Shooter . He was married to actress Reese Witherspoon from 1999 to 2007 ; together , they have a daughter and a son . He also has a daughter from a relationship with actress Alexis Knapp .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "eb381fe934f26538e66445f47086f64e", "text": "Gump and Co. Gump & Co. ( or Forrest Gump and Co. ) is a 1995 novel by Winston Groom . It is the sequel to his novel Forrest Gump ( 1986 ) , and the Academy Award-winning film of the same name released in 1994 , with Tom Hanks . It was written to chronicle Forrest 's life throughout the 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44786f6eb8f1aaaf0e81bcbbb5eb456a", "text": "Philip Womack Philip Womack ( born in 1981 ) is a British writer and journalist . Womack married Princess Tatiana von Preussen in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d2202ca0f564512fb329ff5f7d7e827", "text": "The Perfect Wedding The Perfect Wedding is an independent film co-created by New York Times Bestselling Author Suzanne Brockmann , Edgar Award Finalist Ed Gaffney , and Off-Broadway actor Jason T. Gaffney . In 2013 , it won the Bud Abbott Award for Feature Length Comedy at the Garden State Film Festival . It was filmed in 2011 and released on VOD/Streaming and DVD from distributor Wolfe Releasing in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebba296e4409d4e0ddfdc8c370a301fd", "text": "Spice Williams-Crosby Spice Williams-Crosby ( born Marceline Ann Williams , April 26 , 1952 ) is an American actress and stunt performer , with a career in film and television which spans over twenty years . Williams-Crosby was born in North Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . Her more notable roles include the Klingon officer Vixis in Star Trek V : The Final Frontier , and the assassin Patrice in Buffy the Vampire Slayer story `` What 's My Line '' . Originally involved in music and dance , she switched to acting , focusing on action roles which often featured stuntwork , making use of her martial arts and athletic skills . She has also worked as a stunt coordinator , choreographing fight scenes for television and film , including Miller Lite 's controversial 2002 commercial `` Catfight '' . Williams-Crosby took up personal fitness at the age of 26 , including bodybuilding and nutrition . She is a PhD , third-degree blackbelt , a noted vegan , and has written a book and several articles on the subject . She is married to screenwriter/film producer Gregory Crosby ( `` Hacksaw Ridge '' ) , grandson of Bing Crosby ; the couple have one son , Luke Gregory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50ccc92cde1ee4a9009b4d60dda68361", "text": "Falling in Love (1984 film) Falling in Love is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Robert De Niro and Meryl Streep and directed by Ulu Grosbard . In the film , two married strangers meet randomly , become friends , and fall in love . They spend time together , riding the train into the city of New York , and begin meeting for coffee or lunch . They enjoy their time together and this enjoyment eventually blossoms into love .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ed2badbe7723e4170aaa1999bd1487d", "text": "Marshall Eugene DeWolfe Marshall Eugene DeWolfe ( September 22 , 1880 -- January 1 , 1915 ) was the only child of future First Lady Florence Harding ( then , Florence Kling ) and her first husband , Henry Athenton `` Pete '' DeWolfe ( 4 March 1859 - 8 March 1894 ) . Born in Galion , Crawford County , Ohio , young DeWolfe was primarily raised by his mother ; his father was a chronic alcoholic who was absent from the home for days at a time . Those doing research on the Hardings , including John Dean and Robert Ferrell among others , have never been able to find documentary proof of a regular marriage between Kling and DeWolfe , leading some people to conclude it was a common law marriage -- a form of irregular marriage contracted by habit and repute , which was not abolished in Ohio until 1991 . The marriage between Kling and DeWolfe is otherwise attested by the papers from their divorce proceeding , which are on file in Marion County Ohio . It is also possible that they had a regular marriage and the officiant who solemnized it simply failed to return the marriage certificate to the county , or the county clerk 's office subsequently lost it . A record of the issuance of a marriage license was printed in The Marion Star on January 31 , 1880 ; and the January 27 , 1880 edition of the same paper refers to a marriage having occurred at Columbus on January 22 , 1880 . The documentary proof of a regular marriage is the marriage certificate , which is completed by the solemnizing officiant and returned to the county clerk for recordation . The marriage certificate usually comprises the lower part of the same document as the marriage license , so if the certificate gets lost on its way to the county clerk the license will be lost along with it . Following the divorce of his parents , young Marshall was raised by his grandparents , Amos Hall Kling and Louisa `` Louise '' Mabel ( Bouton ) Kling , while his mother lived independently and earned an income as a piano teacher in Marion , Ohio . As part of the agreement with her father , Florence would not have a role in her own son 's upbringing . Throughout his life , Marshall used either his Kling or DeWolfe surname . Florence Kling DeWolfe married newspaper publisher Warren G. Harding in 1891 . However , Marshall remained under his grandfather 's control and roof . While a room was set aside for him in the Harding home , Marshall never felt at home under his mother 's roof , and never comfortable under his grandfather 's strict control . DeWolfe studied journalism at the University of Michigan from 1899 to 1903 . While attending Michigan , he played football as a quarterback on the Michigan Wolverines all-freshman football team in 1899 . DeWolfe aspired to be a newspaperman like his stepfather Warren G. Harding . By all accounts , his relationship with Harding was closer than the relationship that he had with his mother . After his graduation from Marion High School , DeWolfe was given a job at the Marion Daily Star . DeWolfe eventually purchased a struggling newspaper in Colorado , moving there with his young family . The venture was unsuccessful , as was a later farming attempt , due in part to his problem with alcoholism . Marshall Kling DeWolfe died of the effects of alcoholism and tuberculosis in Colorado on January 1 , 1915 , at the age of 34 . His death , the return of his body to Marion and his funeral were events that were not known in the community . He is buried in an unmarked grave in the DeWolfe family plot in Marion Cemetery . Marshall Eugene DeWolfe married Esther Naomi Neely . Their son , George Warren DeWolfe ( 1914-1968 ) , and daughter , Eugenia DeWolfe ( 1911-1978 ) , were the principal heirs to the estate left by their grandmother , Florence Harding , following her death on November 21 , 1924 . When Warren G. Harding ran for President in 1920 , his wife skilfully bluffed reporters into believing that she had been a widow , not a divorcee , when they married . When she duly became First Lady , her ex-husband and son were forbidden topics at the White House and in the press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b63bd4178e4d648b131a950a8d449210", "text": "Patty Hopkins Patricia Ann `` Patty '' Hopkins , Lady Hopkins ( born 1942 ) is a British architect and joint winner , along with her husband Sir Michael Hopkins , of the 1994 Royal Gold Medal for Architecture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f6f44b8fea223e948f2efb326a3ed6f", "text": "When a Man Loves a Woman (film) When a Man Loves a Woman is a 1994 American romantic drama film written by Al Franken and Ronald Bass , starring Andy García , Meg Ryan , Tina Majorino , Mae Whitman , Ellen Burstyn , Lauren Tom and Philip Seymour Hoffman . For her performance as an alcoholic mother , Ryan received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Best Female Actor in a Leading Role . The film 's title is taken from the song of the same name by Percy Sledge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5", "text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9287b169dfe2ccda227d943d47d8fa2d", "text": "Married... with Children (season 2) This is a list of episodes for the second season ( 1987 -- 88 ) of the television series Married ... with Children . At the beginning of this season , Kelly is portrayed as a girl of reasonable intelligence ( though she is often teased by Bud for her promiscuity and bleached hair ) . By the end , however , her character obtains her trademark stupidity that will become both a plot device and comic focus for the rest of the series . This season also contains the first use of the `` Bundy Cheer '' and the first instance of the Bundys leaving Chicago . Although Buck is portrayed in later seasons as having been with the Bundys since he was a pup , it 's implied by Peg that they 've had him for only three years and Al states that he 's actually Bud 's pet ; he even `` speaks '' once ( `` Buck Can Do It '' ) , something that becomes a regular feature beginning in the fourth season . Michael Faustino ( David 's younger brother ) , makes the first of five guest appearances during the course of the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3def3cb072c9d67fe0d9517193bb6574", "text": "Christian views on marriage Most Christian authorities and bodies view marriage ( also called Holy Matrimony ) as a state instituted and ordained by God for the lifelong relationship between one man as husband and one woman as wife . They consider it the most intimate of human relationships , a gift from God , and a sacred institution . Protestants consider it to be sacred , holy , and even central to the community of faith , while Catholics and Eastern Orthodox Christians consider it a Sacrament . Biblically , it is to be `` held in honour among all ... . '' Jesus maintained the importance and sacredness of lifelong marriage in his own teachings . He quoted from both Genesis 1 and 2 , stating in that God had created humanity as male and female , and that in marriage the two will become one flesh ' . So they are no longer two , but one flesh . Therefore , what God has joined together , let no one separate '' . In most states with a traditionally majority Christian population , civil laws recognize marriage as having social and political statuses . Christian theology affirms the secular status of marriage , but additionally views it from a moral and religious perspective that transcends all social interests . While marriage is honored and affirmed among Christians and throughout the Bible , there is no suggestion that it is necessary for everyone . Single people who either have chosen to remain unmarried or who have lost their spouse for some reason are neither incomplete in Christ nor personal failures . In the Catechism of the Catholic Church is explained that `` the intimate community of life and love which constitutes the married state has been established by the Creator and endowed by him with its own proper laws . God himself is the author of marriage . '' The vocation to marriage is written in the very nature of man and woman as they came from the hand of the Creator . '' By reason of their state in life and of their order , -LSB- Christian spouses -RSB- have their own special gifts in the People of God . `` This grace proper to the sacrament of Matrimony is intended to perfect the couple 's love and to strengthen their indissoluble unity . By this grace they `` help one another to attain holiness in their married life and in welcoming and educating their children . '' Christ is the source of this grace . `` Just as of old God encountered his people with a covenant of love and fidelity , so our Savior , the spouse of the Church , now encounters Christian spouses through the sacrament of Matrimony . `` Christ dwells with them , gives them the strength to take up their crosses and so follow him , to rise again after they have fallen , to forgive one another , to bear one another 's burdens '' `` and to love one another with supernatural , tender , and fruitful love '' The New Testament teaches that sex is reserved for marriage . It calls sex with the wife of another , or sex with someone else other than the husband , the sin of adultery . ( See also fornication . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce4d99f0e61da229b86c15fa7dc08ad6", "text": "Most People Get Married `` Most People Get Married '' is a popular song . The music was written by Leon Carr , the lyrics by Earl Shuman . The song was published in 1962 . A version by Patti Page charted in 1962 , reaching # 27 on the Billboard chart . The presence of Patti Page brought the rockabilly-tinged song to the easy listening survey , where it peaked at # 8 . The song was also recorded by Joan Regan in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2f39e8395ed416e7b926db2e4ec0390", "text": "Rewind (Paolo Nutini song) `` Rewind '' is the third single from Scottish singer/songwriter Paolo Nutini , which was released on 4 December 2006 . It was taken from his debut album , These Streets , and was the follow-up to his hits `` Last Request '' and `` Jenny Do n't Be Hasty '' . The single missed the top 20 but gave him his third consecutive top 30 hit single on the UK Singles Chart , peaking at number 27 . On 1 June 2008 , it returned to the UK Singles Chart at number 98 . The song was covered by fellow Scottish act The View on Radio 1 's Live Lounge on 17 January 2007 . It has been used on the television series , CSI : Miami , The Hills , and Eli Stone , and featured on the soundtrack to the film , P.S. I Love You .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4ff03665db82043f82dd5b20c652f94", "text": "Divorce American Style Divorce American Style is a 1967 American satirical comedy film directed by Bud Yorkin and starring Dick Van Dyke , Debbie Reynolds , Jean Simmons , Jason Robards and Van Johnson . Norman Lear produced the film and wrote the script based on a story by Robert Kaufman . It focuses on a married couple that opts for divorce when counseling fails to help them resolve their various problems , and the problems presented to divorced people by alimony . The title is an homage to Divorce Italian Style ( 1961 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f30702c84b2a8b9758f1bc016f483f0c", "text": "Christopher Ryan (author) Christopher Ryan is an American author best known for co-authoring the book Sex at Dawn . He received a B.A. in English and American literature in 1984 and an M.A. and Ph.D. in psychology from Saybrook University , an accredited hybrid low-residency/online learning program based in San Francisco twenty years later . His masters thesis examined difference in specific personality measures between working fashion models and the general public . His doctoral dissertation analyzed the prehistoric roots of human sexuality , and was guided by the psychologist , Stanley Krippner , a humanistic psychologist , with additional committee members Sabrina Zirkel and Jürgen W. Kremer . Ryan gave a TED talk in February 2013 , contributes to Psychology Today and has an interview podcast called Tangentially Speaking with Dr. Christopher Ryan . He is married to his sometime collaborator and co-author of Sex at Dawn , Cacilda Jethá .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f64b60e172477793ca2cf2088d617962", "text": "Reclaim (film) Reclaim is a drama-thriller directed by Alan White , and starring Ryan Phillippe and Rachelle Lefevre . The film was released on video on demand , with a simultaneous limited theatrical release in the United States , on September 19 , 2014 . Phillippe and Lefevre play an American couple who travel to Puerto Rico to adopt an orphan ( Briana Roy ) , and become entangled in a deadly scam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6645305fff5b28c7b54f23faa4d6c243", "text": "Supporting Healthy Marriage Project The Supporting Healthy Marriage Project , SHM , is part of the Healthy Marriage Initiative funded by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , Administration for Children and Families , that was launched in 2003 as `` the first large-scale , multisite , multiyear , rigorous test of marriage education programs for low-income married couples . '' The project is motivated by research that `` indicates that married adults and children raised by both parents in stable , low-conflict households do better on a host of outcomes . '' The evaluation is led by MDRC , in collaboration with Abt Associates and other partners . USASpending.gov reports payments of more than $ 30 million from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to MDRC for work on the Supporting Healthy Marriage Project from 2009 to 2012 . Major study questions of the Supporting Healthy Marriage Project include : What are the experiences , issues and challenges in designing , implementing and operating healthy marriage education and related services for lower-income couples with children ? What are the net impacts of the programs on : marital stability and relationship quality ; attitudes and expectations regarding their marriage ; parenting attitudes and behaviors ; measures of adult well-being and child well-being and development ( e.g. , cognitive , social , emotional , health ) , and economic outcomes for families ? Limited federal funding for a Healthy Marriage Initiative began in 2001 to `` help couples who choose to get married gain greater access to marriage education services that will enable them to acquire the skills and knowledge necessary to form and sustain a healthy marriage . '' In 2005 , Wade Horn , Assistant Secretary for the Administration for Children and Families , highlighted plans for a significant expansion of funding in testimony before the Subcommittee on 21st Century Competitiveness , House Committee on Education and the Workforce : `` Although I have focused on the areas of primary interest to your committee , I would be remiss if I did not briefly highlight other key areas of our proposal that play a critical role in the well-being of children , teenagers , and families . Indeed , we establish improving the well-being of children as the overarching purpose of TANF ... . In support of that overarching purpose , our proposal seeks to improve child well-being through programs aimed at encouraging responsible fatherhood and healthy marriages . By discontinuing the Out of Wedlock Birth Reduction Bonus and redirecting part of the High Performance Bonus Funding , we provide $ 200 million for programs aimed at promoting family formation and healthy marriages . We also provide $ 40 million in funding for the support of responsible fatherhood and healthy marriage programs to reverse the rise in father absence and its subsequent impact on children . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8fb3af2b5f33141a93ef0d6a2a1f2c1", "text": "Jillian Parry Fry Jillian Parry ( born January 31 , 1982 ) is a former Miss Teen USA , having held the title for the year 2000 , representing her home town of Newtown and state of Pennsylvania . She was the first titleholder from Pennsylvania to win the national competition . Parry entered the Miss Pennsylvania Teen USA pageant on a whim , after a postcard was dropped in her mail , and won on her first attempt . Parry represented her state at the Miss Teen USA pageant televised live from Shreveport , Louisiana on August 26 , 2000 . Jillian won the pageant and was crowned Miss Teen USA 2000 based on her answer to the final interview question , and she came in first place in the evening gown competition . She came in second behind Nicole O'Brian of Texas in the swimsuit competition . She was crowned by Ashley Coleman of Delaware , Miss Teen USA 1999 . As Miss Teen USA , Parry represented the Miss Universe Organization . Her `` sister '' 2000 titleholders were Lynnette Cole ( Miss USA , from Tennessee ) and Lara Dutta ( Miss Universe , of India ) . She passed her title on to her successor , Marissa Whitley of Missouri , on August 22 , 2001 . She completed her Ph.D. in Public Health with a focus on Health Policy at the Johns Hopkins University in 2012 following a Master 's in Public Health from the University of New Mexico in 2007 and a B.S. in Biobehavioral Health from Penn State University in 2004 . In June , 2006 , Jillian married Dr. Roderick Fry , a physical chemist from Kendall , NY . They were married in Langhorne , PA , in a simple Quaker ceremony . Jillian Parry has been a vegan since 2002 , and she is an active public health scientist in the field of environmental health policy . She currently resides in Baltimore , MD. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77efcbef5abf832934231e20246edec8", "text": "Shweta Shetty Shweta Shetty ( born in 1969 in Mumbai ) is an Indian pop singer known for her albums and for her contributions to Bollywood film soundtracks . She is married to a German , Christian Brandt and now lives in Hamburg , Germany . Her first album , Johnny Joker , was a moderate success .", "title": "" } ]
fever
50839f74ec1678ba04545a38e2e72d89
Augusto Pinochet died in 2006.
[ { "docid": "242dbed87751f3bb7e4eefd659bd3b9b", "text": "Augusto Pinochet Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte ( -LSB- auˈɣusto pinoˈ ( t ) ʃe -RSB- or -LSB- - ˈ ( t ) ʃet -RSB- 25 November 1915 -- 10 December 2006 ) was a Chilean general , politician and the military ruler of Chile between 1973 and 1990 ; he remained the Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 1998 . He was also president of the Government Junta of Chile between 1973 and 1981 . His rule of Chile was a dictatorship . Pinochet assumed power in Chile following a United States-backed coup d'état on 11 September 1973 that overthrew the democratically elected socialist Unidad Popular government of President Salvador Allende and ended civilian rule . Several academics have stated that the support of the United States was crucial to the coup and the consolidation of power afterward . Pinochet had been promoted to Commander-in-Chief of the Army by Allende on 23 August 1973 , having been its General Chief of Staff since early 1972 . In December 1974 , the ruling military junta appointed Pinochet Supreme Head of the nation by joint decree , although without the support of one of the coup 's instigators , Air Force General Gustavo Leigh . From the start of the new military government harsh measures were implemented . During the period of Pinochet 's rule , various investigations have identified the murder of 1,200 to 3,200 people with up to 80,000 people forcibly interned and as many as 30,000 tortured . According to the Chilean government , the official number of deaths and forced disappearances stands at 3,095 . Under the influence of the free market-oriented neoliberal `` Chicago Boys '' , the military government implemented economic liberalization , including currency stabilization , removed tariff protections for local industry , banned trade unions and privatized social security and hundreds of state-owned enterprises . These policies produced what has been referred to as the `` Miracle of Chile , '' but critics state that economic inequality dramatically increased and attribute the devastating effects of the 1982 monetary crisis on the Chilean economy to these policies . Chile was , for most of the 1990s , the best-performing economy in Latin America , though the legacy of Pinochet 's reforms continues to be in dispute . Pinochet 's 17-year rule was given a legal framework through a controversial 1980 plebiscite , which approved a new Constitution drafted by a government-appointed commission . In a 1988 plebiscite 56 % voted against Pinochet 's continuing as president , which led to democratic elections for the Presidency and Congress . After stepping down in 1990 , Pinochet continued to serve as Commander-in-Chief of the Chilean Army until 10 March 1998 , when he retired and became a senator-for-life in accordance with his 1980 Constitution . However , Pinochet was arrested under an international arrest warrant on a visit to London on 10 October 1998 in connection with numerous human rights violations . Following a legal battle he was released on grounds of ill-health , and returned to Chile on 3 March 2000 . In 2004 , Chilean Judge Juan Guzmán Tapia ruled that Pinochet was medically fit to stand trial and placed him under house arrest . By the time of his death on 10 December 2006 , about 300 criminal charges were still pending against him in Chile for numerous human rights violations during his 17-year rule , and tax evasion and embezzlement during and after his rule ; he was accused of having corruptly amassed at least 28 million USD . Despite the indictment and 300 charges , he only served time in house arrest .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "c0d08cbcb9dbc739ab10d68f8a129dea", "text": "Cristián Larroulet Cristián Patricio Larroulet Vignau ( born 1953 in Temuco ) was the Minister General Secretariat of the Presidency of Chile under President Sebastián Piñera . Larroulet graduated from high school at Colegio Sagrados Corazones de Manquehue and he obtained his Business Administration degree from the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and a master 's degree in economics from the University of Chicago , United States of America . Larroulet was a professor at the Universidad Católica , Universidad Adolfo Ibañez , and at the School of Economics of the Universidad de Chile . He was a visiting researcher at the Institute of The Americas , the University of California , San Diego , United States of America . He was Dean of the Economics and Business Faculty at the Universidad del Desarrollo . He is currently a member of the Mont Pelerin Society and of the Social Science Academy , Politics and Moral , of the Chile Institute . Larroulet has experience in the design and implementation of political policies . He was Chief of Staff of the Treasury under former Minister Hernán Büchi , and was the Executive Director of the Instituto Libertad y Desarrollo . From that position , he advised the National Congress on a wide range of policy subjects and he is a member of several commissions , such as the one that led to the General Education Law as well as the new Corporate Governance agreement for Codelco . Larroulet 's contributions have been recognized with distinctions on several occasions , such as Economist of the Year in 2009 by the newspaper El Mercurio . In May 2010 he was distinguished with the Professional Achievement Award 2010 by the University of Chicago , being the only Latin-American which has received this recognition , granted since 1967 . He has written different academic publications in Chile and abroad . He is the author of the books `` Economics '' , published by McGraw-Hill , `` Chile , Camino al Desarrollo '' , published on 2012 by Aguilar/El Mercurio and `` La Educación en la Encrucijada : ¿ Estado Docente o Sociedad Docente ? '' , published on 2015 by RIL .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8a8f2545b65417dc823cadc84ad595e", "text": "José Tohá José Tohá González ( February 6 , 1927 -- March 15 , 1974 ) was a Chilean journalist , lawyer , political figure , and Socialist politician . He was born in Chillán , the son of Spanish immigrant José Tohá Soldavilla and of Brunilda González Monteagudo . After completing his secondary studies in his natal city , he studied law at the Universidad de Chile . While there he was president of the student federation between 1950-51 . In 1958 he joined the staff of the Última Hora newspaper , and in 1960 he became its editor and majority owner , a position he held until 1970 . He married Raquel Victoria Morales Etchevers ( known as Moy de Tohá ) in 1963 , with whom he had two children : Carolina and José . In 1942 Tohá joined the Chilean Socialist Party ( PS ) , while still in high school . He rose to member of its central committee . As the first democratically elected socialist president , President Salvador Allende named him his first Minister of the Interior and vice president , a position he held until he was cited by Congress accused of tolerating the creation of left-wing paramilitary organizations . Allende responded by naming him Minister of Defense , a deliberate challenge to his right wing detractors . As such , he had to deal with the Tanquetazo putsch , the first attempt at a military led coup d'état . During the coup d'état of September 11 , 1973 , he was seized and arrested at La Moneda , where he had gone to support the defense of the democratic administration . He was held in different concentration camps suffering severe torture : first at the Military Academy ; later he was sent for 8 months to a political prison in Dawson Island and from there he was transferred to the basement of the Air Force War Academy . On February 1 , 1974 , Tohá was moved to room 303 at the Military Hospital in Santiago in a precarious state of health , suffering from acute attack of gastric ulcers . He recovered slightly and was able to share a few minutes with his wife and children on his 47th birthday on February 6 . Despite his poor health , the military officers continued harassing him with endless torture and interrogation sessions . His physical state deteriorated , his weight dropped precipitously and he lost his eyesight . He could no longer walk nor take care of himself . The further interrogations in the Air Force 's War Academy only worsened his condition . On March 15 , at 12.55 , he was found hanged inside the clothes closet of his hospital room . The official explanation was that he had committed suicide in the grip of a very strong nervous depression , with psycho-somatic effects . The family has never accepted that version and still claims he was murdered . After Chile regained democracy , it was determined that he died as a result of torture . After his death , his wife and children lived in exile in Mexico City for several years . His family returned to Chile in the early 80 's where his wife worked in the resistance to the Pinochet dictatorship . After Democracy was regained in 1990 ; his wife , Moy de Tohá , served as Cultural Attaché in Mexico and as an Ambassador to Honduras and El Salvador . His daughter , Carolina , studied law in The University of Chile and went on to obtain a Ph.D. in Political Science in Milan , Italy . She is currently serving her second term as a Congresswoman representing Santiago and was elected mayor of Santiago Centro October 28 , 2012 . His son , José Tohá obtained undergraduate and graduate degrees in architecture in the United States , where he founded an architecture office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0db8fd59061262838fa55e24cc470d97", "text": "Social Democratic Party (Bolivia) The Social Democratic Party ( Spanish : Partido Social Demócrata , PSD ) was a conservative , small and elitist , but influential Bolivian political party formed by middle-class intellectuals . The Social Democratic Party was founded in 1944 by younger , conservative Bolivians committed to modernization and the technological and technocratic strategies they believed necessary to achieve it . Led by Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas ( Hernán Siles Zuazo 's half-brother ) , Roberto Arce , Manfredo Kempf Mercado , Gastón Arduz Eguia , Alberto Crespo Gutiérrez , Tomás Guillermo Elio , and Mario Estenssoro , the party embraced developmentalist , nominally Christian-Democratic principles . For the 1947 general elections the Party allied with the Liberal Party and Revolutionary Left Party and backed Liberal Luis Femando Guachalla as the coalition 's presidential candidate . For the 1951 general elections the PSD allied with the Republican Socialist Unity Party and backed PURS ' presidential candidate Gabriel Gosalvez . During the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement regime ( 1952 -- 1964 ) , the Social Democratic Party was a minor force , allied electorally with the Bolivian Socialist Falange . It was generally regarded as an ideological relic of the prerevolutionary period , surviving only because its leaders were relatively young . After Víctor Paz Estenssoro 's overthrow in 1964 , the Social Democratic Party obtained a new lease on life and cooperated with the military regime of General René Barrientos Ortuño . Their influence no doubt was stimulated by the growing prominence of `` technocrats '' in the military dictatorships of Brazil and Argentina . For the 1966 general elections PSD allied with the Revolutionary Left Party , Authentic Revolutionary Party and Popular Christian Movement and backed Barrientos as the coalition 's presidential candidate . The PSD 's leader , Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas was chosen as vice-presidential candidate . The PSD withdrew support Barrientos in 1968 , but returned to a pro-government stance , when René Barrientos Ortuño died in a helicopter crash on 27 April 1969 and Siles Salinas became president , serving with conspicuous dedication and honesty for five months until overthrown by General Alfredo Ovando Candía . In succeeding years , the Social Democratic Party became inactive after that , although Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas continued to pursue his presidential ambitions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "627c529fef6c3ff5aefb903e466f4d62", "text": "Ecuadorian referendum, 2006 A three-part referendum was held in Ecuador on 26 November 2006 , alongside the run-off for the presidential elections . Voters were asked whether they approved of a ten-year plan for education , plans to improve healthcare provision , and using oil revenues for social and economic programmes . All three proposals were approved by wide margins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56cc0e68f3ab83af7804c318da6358d5", "text": "Camilo Valenzuela Camilo Valenzuela was a Chilean General and chief of the garrison in Santiago de Chile . In 1970 he led a group that with intent to stop the newly elected Salvador Allende from being inaugurated as president , tried to kidnap constitutionalist Army Commander-in-Chief René Schneider . General Camilo Valenzuela met with other heads of the armed forces of Chile , previously contacted by the CIA or ONI , as Admiral José Toribio Merino . Other officials contacted were the Admiral Hugo Tirado , General of Carabineros Vicente Huerta Celis , Colonel Igualt and a group of civilians . On October 19 , 1970 , the group , supplied with tear gas grenades delivered by the CIA , made an attempt to kidnap Schneider as he was leaving a bachelor party . But the attempt failed because Schneider left in a private car and not the expected official vehicle . A second attempt October 20 was also unsuccessful . The CIA assured Valenzuela that `` USG support for anti-Allende action continues . '' But they also concluded : `` since Valenzuela 's group is apparently having considerable difficulty executing even the first step of its coup plan , the prospect for a coup succeeding or even occurring before 24 October -LSB- the day for the Congressional vote -RSB- now appears remote . '' At 2 a.m. , October 22 , machine guns were handed over from the CIA to Valenzuela 's group . But before Valenzuela could make a new kidnap attempt , Schneider was shot later that day by a group led by Roberto Viaux , and died three days later in hospital . ( The weapons supplied to Valenzuela were not used in the killing . ) Following the shooting , Valenzuela was appointed `` Jefe del Plaza for Law and Order '' / chief of Santiago province and Schneider was succeeded by General Carlos Prats . On October 24 the Congress confirmed Allende as president . The attempts to prevent Salvador Allende from taking office had failed . Military courts in Chile found that Schneider 's death was caused by two military groups , one led by Roberto Viaux and the other by Camilo Valenzuela . Viaux and Valenzuela were convicted of charges of conspiring to cause a coup , and Viaux also was convicted of kidnapping . The CIA aided both groups , the lawsuit said .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7ee38f6141099bfe14377583ecc6056", "text": "Chilean presidential election, 1925 Presidential elections were held in Chile on 22 October 1925 . They were the first direct elections in the country 's history and the first to be held under the new 1925 constitution . The result was a victory for Emiliano Figueroa , who received 71 % of the vote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f0dabbc68f0ba26b9351f7f9dceeece", "text": "Shining Path The Communist Party of Peru ( Spanish : Partido Comunista del Perú ) , more commonly known as the Shining Path ( Sendero Luminoso '' ) , is a communist militant group in Peru . When it first launched the internal conflict in Peru in 1980 , its stated goal was to replace the bourgeois democracy with `` New Democracy '' . The Shining Path believed that by establishing a dictatorship of the proletariat , inducing cultural revolution , and eventually sparking world revolution , they could arrive at pure communism . Their representatives said that existing socialist countries were revisionist , and they claimed to be the vanguard of the world communist movement . The Shining Path 's ideology and tactics have been influential among other Maoist insurgent groups , notably the Communist Party of Nepal ( Maoist ) and other Revolutionary Internationalist Movement-affiliated organizations . Widely condemned for its brutality , including violence deployed against peasants , trade union organizers , popularly elected officials and the general civilian population , the Shining Path is classified by the Peruvian government , the U.S. , the European Union , and Canada as a terrorist organization . Leader of the organization Abimael Guzmán stated that `` the triumph of the revolution will cost a million lives '' -- at a time when Peru 's population was only 19 million . To that end , the Shining Path attempted to eradicate elements of the political and social order , attacking community leaders , teachers and professors , and political leaders . The first case of `` popular justice '' was the assassination in December 1980 of Benigno Medina , a landowner . In January 1982 , two teachers were executed in front of their students . Several months later , 67 `` traitors '' were subjected to public execution . In addition , the Shining Path set about demolishing all government installations and infrastructure . In August 1982 , they destroyed the Center for Agricultural Research and Experimentation in Allpahaca and killed the animals . Since the capture of its leader Abimael Guzmán in 1992 , the Shining Path has declined in activity . Similar to militant groups in Colombia , some factions of the Shining Path have functioned as a highly efficient cocaine-smuggling operation , with an ostensibly paternalistic relationship to villagers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f28f8de4dc7b762aa24652a2fca8af2c", "text": "Massacre of Margarita Belén The Massacre of Margarita Belén took place during the Dirty War in Argentina . It involved the torture and execution of 22 Montoneros , some of whom were killed after surrendering and laying down their weapons near the town of Margarita Belén , Chaco Province , on 13 December 1976 , in a joint operation of the Argentine Army and the Chaco Provincial Police . One of the victims of the massacre , Néstor Carlos Salas , is reported to have been a Montoneros commander and took part in a number of guerrilla operations . Argentina was at the time ruled by the National Reorganization Process . The massacre was one of many cases included in the Trial of the Juntas in 1985 , two years after the end of the dictatorship . The Buenos Aires Federal Chamber found junta leader Jorge Rafael Videla guilty of homicide . The Federal Chambers of Rosario and Paraná dictated the same sentence for Cristino Nicolaides , junta leader Leopoldo Galtieri and Santa Fe Provincial Police chief Wenceslao Ceniquel . The late Ricardo Brinzoni , Secretary General of the Chaco military province during the dictatorship , and Chief of Staff of the Army from 1999 to 2003 , has also been accused of responsibility for the massacre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3a26f24caec111a54e0f4512acec6cf", "text": "Mission Vuelta al Campo Mission Vuelta al Campo ( `` Return to the Countryside '' ; implementation announced in mid-2005 ) is one of the Bolivarian Missions ( a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs ) implemented by current Venezuelan president Hugo Chávez . Mission Vuelta al Campo seeks to encourage impoverished and unemployed urban Venezuelans to willingly return to the countryside . Prior to the Chávez administration , Venezuela 's rural areas have seen substantial economic disinvestment , depopulation , and abandonment ever since oil wealth discoveries and extraction commenced in the early 20th century ; as a consequence Venezuela now has an urbanization rate of more than 85 % ( far higher than the average for both Latin America and the Third World and is , despite its vast tracts of highly fertile soil and arable land , a net food importer . The Ley de Tierras -- `` Law of the Lands '' -- was passed by presidential decree in November 2001 ; it included the creation of a Plan Zamora to implement land reforms , including redistribution , in Venezuelan agriculture . Underutilized or unused private corporate and agricultural estates would now be subject to expropriation after fair-market compensation was paid to the owners . Inheritable , inalienable , and at times communal land grants were also made to small farmers and farmer 's collectives . The rationale given for this program was that it would provide incentives for the eventual and gradual repopulation of the countryside and provide `` food security '' for the country by lessening the present dependence on foreign imports . There are three types of land that may be distributed under the program : government land , land that is claimed by private owners , but whose claims the government disputes , and underutilized private land . To date , the Chávez government has only distributed the first two types of land . Mission Vuelta al Campo fits into this context by seeking to facilitate the willing migration of urban residents back to the countryside in order to receive the benefits of these redistributions . The Chávez government desires that , with increased small-scale farming and ranching by formerly poor , mostly slum-dwelling Venezuelans , both increased economic opportunities of the poor as well as the food sovereignty of Venezuela may be secured .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4be37b21747c52916946ca204ade072a", "text": "Miguel Iglesias Miguel Iglesias Pino de Arce ( June 11 , 1830 , Cajamarca , Peru -- November 7 , 1909 , Lima , Peru ) was a Peruvian soldier , general , and politician who served as the 35th President of Peru ( Regenerator President of the Republic ) from 1882 to 1885 . The original name of the family was de la Iglesia . Their ancestor was Captain Álvaro de la Iglesia who fought against the Moors in Spain in the 8th century . Lorenzo Iglesias Espinach left his home town of Solivella in Catalonia in the early 19th century to join three uncles on his mother 's side who had founded the Chota silver mine , near the town of Cajamarca , in the county of the same name , in north Peru , in 1780 . Lorenzo Iglesias Espinach became both the heir of his uncles and sub-Prefect of Cajamarca ; was a friend of Simón Bolívar who stayed with him in Cajamarca ; and was one of the group of dissident Spanish colonists who supported independence from Spain . In 1820 Lorenzo Iglesias married Rosa Pino and their son , Miguel , was born ten years later . Miguel Iglesias Pino , later General and President , and known to posterity as `` El Pacificador '' inherited a 250000 acre estate from his forebears , as well as lucrative silver mines . His power in the town of Cajamarca and the surrounding area was that of a feudal magnate and he had been recruiting troops with his own money - effectively a private army - since the 1866 war with Spain . He had been one of the senior army officers present at the Peruvian victory on the `` Dos de mayo '' , was given the rank of Colonel , and named as Prefect of Cajamarca . In 1874 , Iglesias initiated a revolution against the government of President Manuel Pardo and proclaimed himself political and military Chief of the North . Even though Iglesias 's rebellion was a failure , he was not brought to account because no-one in Lima dared to confront the power of Iglesias in Cajamarca . Thus , Iglesias was able to consolidate his position in his northern Peruvian fiefdom . When war broke out in 1879 , between a coalition of Peru allied with Bolivia , ranged against Chile , Iglesias commenced to raise a new private militia . The war , now known as the War of the Pacific , quickly began to go wrong for Peru . In the campaign of November 1879 the Peruvian Navy lost their two most important warships , the iron clad Independencia was sunk by a corvette called Covadonga and the iron clad Huascar was captured by the iron clad Cochrane and Blanco Encalada , which had been supplied to Chile and Peru by British shipyards ; the southern department of Tarapacá was overrun ; and the professional Peruvian army was broken . Subsequently , Iglesias 's friend , Nicolás de Piérola , launched a successful coup d'état , declaring himself Supreme Commander in Chief , and on December 23 , 1879 he replaced President Prado who was considered to have mismanaged the conduct of the war thus far . One of the battalions lending their armed support to Pierola was Iglesias 's `` Vencedores de Cajamarca '' and Pierola appointed Iglesias as Secretary of War in his new government . Iglesias was no armchair politician , but was a courageous fighting soldier . Iglesias personally took charge of organising the defense of the Peruvian capital city against the advancing Chileans in January 1881 . Iglesias 's principal defensive lines were at the Morro Solar , a hill just south of Lima . He had 5000 men , mostly recruited from Cajamarca , who had been trained and armed by him at his own expense to defend Lima . After the Peruvian Second Division had been forced to retreat from San Juan , the battle for Lima became concentrated on the Morro Solar . The first Chilean assault on the hill was repulsed but Chilean reinforcements and artillery were then brought up . Iglesias found himself surrounded , and outnumbered , by 9000 Chilean troops and came under a withering barrage . Because the professional Peruvian army had previously been decimated in the south , losing much of its most modern equipment in the process , Iglesias had only primitive , Peruvian manufactured , rifles which were without adequate sights and were inferior to the Chilean Krupps . Of the men who defended the Morro Solar only 280 were taken prisoner . Among those killed was General Iglesias 's son Alejandro , aged 22 . Miguel Iglesias was taken prisoner along with Carlos de Pierola , the brother of the President , and Guillermo Billinghurst , Secretary of State . These three men , along with other important Peruvian notables , were about to be shot by a firing squad on the orders of a Chilean sergeant who did not believe in keeping prisoners alive . Just in time , Billinghurst stepped forward out of the execution line and managed to persuade the sergeant that he would do better to take them as prisoners to the Chilean commander , General Baquedano . Billinghurst and Iglesias were later Presidents of Peru , instead of corpses - such is Providence . After the defeat on the Morro Solar , Chile did not recognize Pierola as President and replaced him with a puppet in Lima 's presidential palace . Having escaped back to Cajamarca , Iglesias continued the war against Chile in the north of Peru , whilst General Andrés Avelino Cáceres fought on against the Chileans in the Andes . On the Morro Solar , Iglesias had declared `` I will not give in ; I will fight while I can '' and now saw his mission as `` to search out and defeat the enemy wherever we meet him '' . He achieved a victory over the Chileans at San Pablo , Cajamarca , on 13 July 1882 but soon afterwards a fresh Chilean force reoccupied the region and carried out brutal reprisals . Following this , Iglesias became convinced that the war had to be brought to an end if Peru was not to be completely devastated . Iglesias has been severely judged by Peruvian historians because he represented blunt reality as he saw the fundamental question was whether Peru was going to exist as a nation , or not . Iglesias saw that a few more years of prolonged occupation of Peru by Chile would render Peru into a colony of Chile , rather than a sovereign nation . Because he saw this clearly , he decided to convene a congress of the northern departments of Peru to proclaim him president of the whole country and him empower him with authority to negotiate with the Chileans . This claim to the Presidency recognised by Chile , Iglesias proceeded to the small seaside resort of Ancón , a short distance from Lima , to fulfill his grim mission of statesmanship . On 23 October 1883 Igleasias signed the Treaty of Ancón on behalf of Peru thereby ending the hostilities . The Treaty had fourteen clauses . Peru paid with Tarapacá as war reparations while the southern department of Arica and Tacna was to decide in a referendum , to be held ten years hence , whether it wanted to join Chile or remain part of Peru . When he signed the Treaty of Ancón , Miguel Iglesias expected that his efforts to spare Peru further suffering , in a lost cause , would be rewarded with popular gratitude . It took him almost two years to understand that most Peruvians could not admire the man who had made himself the symbol of their resounding defeat . Iglesias initiated the restoration of the national library which had been sacked by the Chileans , but he did not discover a formula for rebuilding Peru 's political institutions . Unable to win allies through the judicious use of money because of the depleted state of the national treasury , Iglesias turned to increasingly repressive measures to silence the opposition , and his opponents fought back . On 27 August 1884 , guerrilla fighters launched an armed assault against Lima and almost managed to fight their way into the presidential palace . The tenacious defense of Iglesias threw back the attackers at the last barricade but they returned to the outskirts of Lima just over a year later . This time large numbers of the ordinary citizens of Lima decided to throw in their lot with the guerrillas , and Iglesias realised the full degree to which he lacked popular support . Deciding to avoid further bloodshed , Iglesias renounced the presidency in December 1885 , took refuge on an Italian ship , and eventually reached his estate of Udima in Cajamarca . Iglesias had decided to retire from political life , and dedicate himself to farming , but the new Peruvian Government wanted to see him out of the country and , thereby , severed from the Cajamarca power base from which Iglesias had been able repeatedly to relaunch himself in the past . It was insinuated that Iglesias should leave Peru , and in 1886 he and his wife Maria ( daughter of Manuel Alonso de Posadas ) went into exile in Europe . They took a retinue of servants and socialised for two years in Madrid and Paris . In 1888 the ban against Iglesias was lifted , and he and his wife were able to return to Peru . President Caceres reinstated Iglesias as a General with full pay and sent the news to him by special messenger . However , in overall terms , Peru remained impoverished by its defeat in war and could only afford to give Iglesias a small engraved wooden box from the Peruvian nation by way of thanks for all the troops that he had paid for in the War of the Pacific . A few years later , in 1895 , the people of Cajamarca voted Iglesias in as their Senator in an uncontested election . Iglesias and his wife had eleven children and 1895 was also the year the General 's youngest daughter , Gaudencia , married a Scot named Edgar Fraser Luckie who had made a fortune from gold mining in British Guiana and then bought the Andahuasi sugar farming estate near Sayan , north of Lima .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c72eb9fc941c95eb916957f41453c0a5", "text": "Elections in Venezuela Elections in Venezuela are held at a national level for the President of Venezuela as head of state and head of government , and for a unicameral legislature . The President of Venezuela is elected for a six-year term by direct election plurality voting , and is eligible for re-election . The National Assembly ( Asamblea Nacional ) has 165 members ( diputados ) , elected for five-year terms using a mixed member majoritarian system . Elections also take place at state level and local level . Since 1998 elections in Venezuela have been highly automated ( using touch-screen DRE voting machines which provide a Voter Verified Paper Audit Trail ) , and administered by a non-partisan National Electoral Council . The voting age is 18 , and ( as of 2011 ) 95 % of eligible voters are registered . Venezuela has a multi-party system , with numerous parties . The United Socialist Party of Venezuela ( Partido Socialista Unido de Venezuela , PSUV ) was created in 2007 , uniting a number of smaller parties supporting Hugo Chávez ' Bolivarian Revolution with Chávez ' Fifth Republic Movement . PSUV and its fore-runners have held the Presidency and National Assembly since 1998 . The Democratic Unity Roundtable ( Mesa de la Unidad Democrática , MUD ) , created in 2008 , unites much of the opposition . Hugo Chávez , the central figure of the Venezuelan political landscape since his election to the Presidency in 1998 as a political outsider , died in office in early 2013 , and was succeeded by Nicolás Maduro ( initially as interim President , before narrowly winning the Venezuelan presidential election , 2013 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69615c7bbceedae0fb4f62595a76fb86", "text": "Bolivian Constituent Assembly of 2006–07 The Bolivian Constituent Assembly , convened on August 6 , 2006 in Sucre , with the purpose of drafting a new national constitution by December 14 , 2007 ; extended from the original deadline of August 6 , 2007 . The Assembly approved the new Political Constitution of the State on 9 December 2007 . It was put to a national referendum held on 25 January 2009 , and went into force on 7 February 2009 . Disputes over the content of this text and procedures of its approval aggravated political conflict in Bolivia , including violent conflicts in Sucre and Cochabamba . Opposition and conservative sectors including the `` media luna '' denounced the text claiming the procedure of its passage was illegal , passed with a third of constituent delegates absent ( from minority conservative parties ) . Despite inclusive wording of the text , opponents have claimed the new document only represents indigenous peoples , discriminating against mixed ( mestizo ) , white ( European ) populations . Prior Constituent Assemblies , or other bodies empowered with rewriting Bolivia 's Constitution have taken place on at least 17 occasions since 1826 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "307ea4c9e5db75c8d4a070f953403bb3", "text": "Cuban packages The Cuban packages ( 1972 ) was a Chilean smuggling scandal , involving President Salvador Allende , his Minister of the Interior , Hernán del Canto and the Director of the Civil Police Eduardo Paredes . It was cited by the authors of the Chamber of Deputies ' Declaration of the Breakdown of Chile 's Democracy as one of the instances of government officials ' illegality . The packages turned out to have contained automatic weapons , grenades and ammunition destined to form a small `` revolutionary '' army in Chile . These specific packages were just the tip of the iceberg of a constant smuggling of weapons from Cuba that were delivered regularly twice a week via Cubana de Aviación , hidden inside the diplomatic pouches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d01833ec70232c8a60cf9d5e5aeed0b", "text": "Thai general election, October 2006 After Thailand 's April 2006 elections were declared invalid by the Constitutional Court , it was decided that new elections would be held on 15 October 2006 . Due to delays in the nomination of a new election committee the election were likely to be moved to November , but then cancelled indefinitely after the military 's overthrow of the Thai government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b7b1da9bc67aff88dc70efc332e9b72", "text": "Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet General Augusto Pinochet was indicted for human rights violations committed in his native Chile by Spanish magistrate Baltasar Garzón on 10 October 1998 . He was arrested in London six days later and held for a year and a half before finally being released by the British government in March 2000 . Authorized to freely return to Chile , Pinochet was there first indicted by judge Juan Guzmán Tapia , and charged with a number of crimes , before dying on 10 December 2006 , without having been convicted in any case . His arrest in London made the front-page of newspapers worldwide as not only did it involve the head of the military dictatorship that ruled Chile between 1973 and 1990 , but it was the first time that several European judges applied the principle of universal jurisdiction , declaring themselves competent to judge crimes committed by former heads of state , despite local amnesty laws . Pinochet came to power in a violent 11 September 1973 coup which deposed Socialist President Salvador Allende . His 17-year regime was responsible for numerous human rights violations , a number of which committed as part of Operation Condor , an illegal effort to suppress political opponents in Chile and abroad in coordination with foreign intelligence agencies . Pinochet was also accused of using his position to pursue personal enrichment through embezzlement of government funds , the illegal drug trade and illegal arms trade . The Rettig Report found that at least 2,279 persons were conclusively murdered by the Chilean government for political reasons during Pinochet 's regime , and the Valech Report found that at least 30,000 persons were tortured by the government for political reasons . Pinochet 's attorneys , headed by Pablo Rodríguez Grez ( former leader of the far-right group Fatherland and Liberty ) , argued that he was entitled to immunity from prosecution first as a former head of state , then under the 1978 amnesty law passed by the military junta . They furthermore claimed that his alleged poor health made him unfit to stand trial . A succession of judgments by various Courts of Appeal , the Supreme Court , medical experts , etc. , led to Pinochet 's successive house arrest and release , before he died on 10 December 2006 , just after having been again put under house arrest on 28 November 2006 in the Caravan of Death case . By the time of his death , Pinochet had been implicated in over 300 criminal charges for numerous human rights violations , including the Caravan of Death case ( case closed in July 2002 by the Supreme Court of Chile , but re-opened in 2007 following new medical expertises ) , Carlos Prats 's assassination ( case closed on 1 April 2005 ) , Operation Condor ( case closed on 17 June 2005 ) , Operation Colombo , Villa Grimaldi case , Carmelo Soria case , Calle Conferencia case , Antonio Llidó case , Eugenio Berrios case , tax evasion and passport forgery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "238a3b4e9008c331af9bead0ce4583f9", "text": "Rafael Díaz-Balart Rafael Lincoln Díaz-Balart y Gutiérrez ( January 17 , 1926 in Banes , Cuba -- May 6 , 2005 ) was a Cuban politician . Díaz-Balart served as Majority Leader of the Cuban House of Representatives and Under-Secretary of Interior during the presidency of Fulgencio Batista . In 1955 , he gave a speech before the Cuban House of Representatives in opposition to the amnesty granted to his former brother-in-law , Fidel Castro , for his involvement in the 1953 attack on the Moncada Barracks . Díaz-Balart was elected senator in 1958 , but was unable to take office due to Fidel Castro 's rise to power on January 1 , 1959 . He founded La Rosa Blanca ( The White Rose ) , the first anti-Castro organization , in January 1959 . He is the father of U.S. Congressmen Lincoln Díaz-Balart and Mario Diaz-Balart , TV news journalist José Díaz-Balart , and investment banker Rafael Díaz-Balart . He is the brother of Mirta Díaz-Balart , Fidel Castro 's first wife . His brother , Waldo Díaz-Balart is a painter and a former actor in two movies by Andy Warhol in the 1960s . His father , Rafael Díaz-Balart was elected to the Cuban House of Representatives in 1936 and his brother-in-law , Juan Caballero , was elected to the Cuban House of Representatives in 1954 . Following his departure from Cuba , Rafael Diaz-Balart spent the following years living in Spain . He worked there as an insurance company executive with Aseguros Iberica La Providencia . This company had investments in real estate companies which developed property on the Spanish Riviera . He then also spent several years serving as a diplomat for the government of Costa Rica in Venezuela and Paraguay . He died on May 6 , 2005 in his Key Biscayne , Florida home after a battle with leukemia . The building that houses the Florida International University College of Law bears his name , `` Rafael Diaz-Balart Hall '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf6ae7def92101f4f8056495aa664239", "text": "Chiapas state election, 2006 A local election was held in the Mexican state of Chiapas on Sunday , August 20 , 2006 . Voters went to the polls to elect , on the local level , a new Governor of Chiapas to serve a six-year term .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "240443211838693e80dfe4b034b5c658", "text": "Triston Jay Amero Triston Jay Amero born in 1982 ( died April 1 , 2008 ) , a.k.a. Claudio Lestad , a.k.a. Lestat Claudius de Orleans y Montevideo ( the names Lestat and Claudius coming from two different characters in Anne Rice 's novels ) and John Scheda , from New Orleans , Louisiana , United States , was arrested for the hotel bombings that killed two people and wounded seven others in Bolivia on Wednesday , March 22 , 2006 . The bombings damaged two low rent hotels . The attack killed two people and injured seven . A third bombing was stopped . He was eventually found guilty of murder . Amero had reportedly been hospitalized for psychiatric treatment and had been in juvenile prison several times , beginning at the age of seven . He had wandered around Latin America for some years before settling in the Bolivian city of Potosí in 2004 . In posts from Colombia to his blog he repeatedly described himself as a loner , a `` political refugee '' and `` the Superman of Loosers '' -LSB- sic -RSB- whose strongest desire was to distance himself from the United States . Although the Bolivian police were unsure of the motive for the bombings that led to Amero 's arrest , President Evo Morales declared : `` This American was putting bombs in hotels . '' `` The U.S. government fights terrorism , and they send us terrorists , '' he said . Morales denounced the bombings as an attack on Bolivia 's democracy . He called it `` typical of terrorist crime . '' This caused a brief cooling of U.S.-Bolivian relations . Deputy Interior Minister Rafael Puente told Radio Fides : `` The possible motives behind these attacks are incomprehensible . There do n't seem to be any concrete objectives other than causing deaths . '' Amero and an accomplice , Alda Ribiero Acosta of Uruguay , were arrested by police in a hotel in the slum of El Alto , formally charged with murder , and were held in a maximum security prison near La Paz . While there , Amero attempted to stab his lawyer and had gasoline hidden in his cell , with plans to set fire to a prison official and a U.S. diplomat . Amero was sentenced to 30 years in prison on January 23 , 2008 . At the age of 26 , Amero died in a hospital on April 1 , 2008 , after complaining of stomach pains while in prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f243b28fbebcb013f23564c37ff6727f", "text": "Eldorado dos Carajás massacre The Eldorado dos Carajás massacre ( -LSB- mɐˈsakɾi dʒi ɛwdoˈɾaðu ðus kɐɾɐˈʒas -RSB- ) was the mass killing of nineteen landless farmers who were invading a private ranch . They were shot by military police on April 17 , 1996 , in the southern region of the Pará state , Brazil . On April 17 , 1996 , 19 members of the Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra ( Landless Workers Movement ) or MST were shot by Pará state military police at the `` S '' curve of highway PA-150 in Eldorado dos Carajás municipality , in southern Pará state . These people were part of a demonstration calling for the federal appropriation of a private ranch where the MST had mounted a camp called `` Macaxeira '' with almost 3000 families . On the orders of the state secretary of public security , Paulo Sette Câmara , the police were ordered to clear the highway `` at any cost ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a092d6ec1e9b84ac0a62228027360067", "text": "List of elections in 2006 The following elections occurred in the year 2006 . Elections in 2006 Electoral calendar 2006 Acehnese regional election , 2006 American Samoan legislative election , 2006 Bahraini parliamentary election , 2006 Costa Rican presidential election , 2006 Fijian presidential election , 2006 Fijian general election , 2006 Georgian local elections , 2006 Iranian Assembly of Experts election , 2006 Iranian City and Village Councils elections , 2006 Kuwaiti parliamentary election , 2006 Matavera by-election 2006 Netherlands Antilles general election , 2006 Palestinian legislative election , 2006 Republic of China municipal elections , 2006 Samoan general election , 2006 Singaporean general election , 2006 Solomon Islands general election , 2006 Tajikistani presidential election , 2006 Thai general election , 2006 Thai general election , October 2006 Thai local elections , 2006 Transnistrian presidential election , 2006 Tuvaluan general election , 2006 United Arab Emirates parliamentary election , 2006 United Nations Security Council election , 2006 Yemeni presidential election , 2006", "title": "" } ]
fever
c64963004b2f064123b751e18ea10f49
My Sweet Lord is by The Temptations.
[ { "docid": "d3b40320aef121e82df7c2c6cd4883ad", "text": "My Sweet Lord `` My Sweet Lord '' is a song by English musician and former Beatle , George Harrison . It was released in November 1970 on his triple album All Things Must Pass . Also issued as a single , Harrison 's first as a solo artist , `` My Sweet Lord '' topped charts worldwide and was the biggest-selling single of 1971 in the UK . In America and Britain , the song was the first number one single by an ex-Beatle . Harrison originally gave the song to his fellow Apple Records artist Billy Preston to record ; this version , which Harrison co-produced , appeared on Preston 's Encouraging Words album in September 1970 . Harrison wrote `` My Sweet Lord '' in praise of the Hindu god Krishna , while at the same time intending the lyrics to serve as a call to abandon religious sectarianism through his deliberate blending of the Hebrew word hallelujah with chants of `` Hare Krishna '' and Vedic prayer . The recording features producer Phil Spector 's Wall of Sound treatment and heralded the arrival of Harrison 's much-admired slide guitar technique , which one biographer described as being `` musically as distinctive a signature as the mark of Zorro '' . Preston , Ringo Starr , Eric Clapton , and the group Badfinger are among the other musicians appearing on the recording . Later in the 1970s , `` My Sweet Lord '' was at the centre of a heavily publicised copyright infringement suit , due to its similarity to the Ronnie Mack song `` He 's So Fine '' , a 1963 hit for the New York girl group the Chiffons . In 1976 , Harrison was found to have subconsciously plagiarised the earlier tune , a verdict that had repercussions throughout the music industry . He claimed to have used the out-of-copyright `` Oh Happy Day '' , a Christian hymn , as his inspiration for the song 's melody . Harrison performed `` My Sweet Lord '' at the Concert for Bangladesh in August 1971 , and it remains the most popular composition from his post-Beatles career . He reworked the song as `` My Sweet Lord ( 2000 ) '' for inclusion as a bonus track on the 30th anniversary reissue of All Things Must Pass . Many artists have covered the song including Andy Williams , Peggy Lee , Edwin Starr , Johnny Mathis , Nina Simone , Julio Iglesias , Richie Havens , Megadeth , Boy George , Elton John , Jim James , Bonnie Bramlett and Elliott Smith . `` My Sweet Lord '' is ranked 460th on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of `` the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time '' . The song reached number 1 in Britain for a second time when re-released in January 2002 , two months after Harrison 's death .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d996d861f350e3f3a99138ebd76b0510", "text": "Check Yourself `` Check Yourself '' is a 1961 song that was released as a Miracle label single by Motown singing group The Temptations ; and written by Motown president Berry Gordy , and group members Otis Williams , Melvin Franklin and Elbridge Bryant , and produced by Gordy . It was the group 's second single , as well as their second and last single for the Miracle label , which was deactivated immediately after this release . Starting with the next single release , the group 's future recordings for Motown would be issued under the Gordy label until it was deactivated in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24b10ad144011b3b9b057efdf887d9f1", "text": "Anthology (The Supremes album) Anthology , also known as Anthology : The Best of The Supremes , first released in May 1974 , is a series of same or similarly titled compilation albums by The Supremes . Motown released revised versions in 1986 , 1995 and 2001 . In its initial version , a 35-track triple record collection of hits and rare material , the album charted at # 24 on Billboard 's `` Black Albums '' and # 66 on `` Pop Albums '' . In 2003 , Rolling Stone Magazine listed the 2001 version of the album at # 431 in its list of `` Rolling Stone 's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time '' . Without specifying which edition , music journalist Robert Christgau lists the album as part of his recommended `` core collection '' of albums representing rock music before 1980 . According to Motown data , the 1974 and 1986 releases combined sold over 1,100,000 copies in the USA , while the 1995 edition sold around 125,000 copies . The fourth and final edition released in 2001 managed to sell around 75,000 USA copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3cad73e12d35dc6aa0921fe0e6e7bb3", "text": "Lead Me Lord Lead Me , Lord may refer to : Lead Me Lord , album by Neal Morse Lead me , Lord , short anthem by Samuel Sebastian Wesley extract from Praise the Lord , O my soul Lead Me Lord , song by Basil Valdez", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8af8d81a6e531128f5cfd9ba961aca18", "text": "Sweeter as the Years Go By `` Sweeter as the Years Go By '' is a Christian hymn written by Lelia N. Morris in 1912 . It has been included in 87 hymnals . Its subject-matter is expressed in the refrain : It has been recorded in various , mostly gospel , styles . In 1929 , it was recorded by Blind Willie Johnson ( vocals and guitar ) in gospel blues style under the title `` Sweeter as the Years Roll By '' ( even though he sings `` Go '' throughout ) . Sweeter as the Years Go By is a 1990 compilation album of songs recorded by Blind Willie Johnson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a95a323a628a67186583bac7b0a2292e", "text": "Treat Her Like a Lady (The Temptations song) `` Treat Her Like a Lady '' is a 1984 single by American vocal group The Temptations . Released on May 3 , 1984 , This is the first single where Ali-Ollie Woodson was lead singer . The song appears on Temptations ' album Truly for You , also released in 1984 . The song was co-written by Woodson himself and Otis Williams , and was co-produced by Woodson and former Earth , Wind & Fire members Al McKay and Ralph Johnson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da6f8362df85a6de2eb3ee27790de861", "text": "Lord's Prayer The Lord 's Prayer ( also called the Our Father or Pater Noster among other names ) is a venerated Christian prayer that , according to the New Testament , Jesus taught as the way to pray . Two versions of this prayer are recorded : a longer form in the Gospel of Matthew as part of the Sermon on the Mount , and a shorter form in the Gospel of Luke as a response by Jesus to a request by `` one of his disciples '' to teach them `` to pray as John -LSB- the Baptist -RSB- taught his disciples . '' The context of the prayer in Matthew is a discourse deploring people who pray ostentatiously . The original text of the prayer ( in Greek ) uniquely contains the word epiousios , which does not appear in any other classical or Koine Greek literature , and is also the only adjective in the prayer . While controversial , the most common English language translation of this word is `` daily '' . The prayer concludes with `` deliver us from evil '' in Matthew , and with `` lead us not into temptation '' in Luke . The first three of the seven petitions in Matthew address God ; the other four are related to human needs and concerns . Some Christians , particularly Protestants , conclude the prayer with a doxology , a later addendum appearing in some manuscripts of Matthew . ( NRSV ) Our Father in heaven , hallowed be your name . Your kingdom come . Your will be done , on earth as it is in heaven . Give us this day our daily bread . And forgive us our sins , as we also have forgiven our debtors . And do not bring us to the time of trial , but rescue us from the evil one . ( NRSV ) Father , hallowed be your name . Your kingdom come . Give us each day our daily bread . And forgive us our sins , for we ourselves forgive everyone indebted to us . And do not bring us to the time of trial . Underscoring the scope and foundational importance of the Lord 's Prayer , initial words on the topic from the Catechism of the Catholic Church teach that it `` is truly the summary of the whole gospel . '' The prayer is used by most Christian churches in their worship ; with exceptions , the liturgical form is the Matthean . Although theological differences and various modes of worship divide Christians , according to Fuller Seminary professor Clayton Schmit , `` there is a sense of solidarity in knowing that Christians around the globe are praying together ... and these words always unite us . '' In biblical criticism , the prayer 's absence in the Gospel of Mark together with its occurrence in Matthew and Luke has caused scholars who accept the two-source hypothesis ( against other document hypotheses ) to conclude that it is probably a logion original to Q.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9935788f9b46fe56cfeedc926db246ce", "text": "The Miracles discography The Miracles were the Motown Record Corporation 's first group and its first million-selling recording artists . During their nineteen-year run on the American music charts , The Miracles charted over fifty hits and recorded in the genres of doo wop , soul , disco , and R&B . Twenty-six Miracles songs reached the Top Ten of the Billboard R&B singles chart , including four R&B number ones . Sixteen of the Miracles ' songs charted within the Top 20 of the Billboard Hot 100 , with seven of those songs reaching the Top Ten and two -- 1970 's `` The Tears of a Clown '' and 1975 's `` Love Machine '' ( Part 1 ) -- reaching number-one . A third song , the million-selling `` Shop Around '' reached # 1 on the Cash Box magazine Pop chart . The Miracles also scored 11 U.S. R&B Top 10 Albums , including 2 - # 1 's . According to several websites , the Miracles are one of the most oft-covered groups in recorded history and the most covered Motown group ever . Their music and songs have influenced artists all over the world -- in every major musical genre -- over the last 50 years . They also have the distinction of having more songs inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame than any other Motown group . ( Original lineup : Claudette Rogers Robinson , Bobby Rogers , Ronnie White , Smokey Robinson , Marv Tarplin , Pete Moore ) . All releases were on Motown Records ' Tamla subsidiary label unless otherwise indicated . In the 1960s , Motown Record Corporation , like many independent labels , did not register sales figures through the RIAA , the organization that certifies and awards Gold Records . So it is difficult to determine the full number of Miracles songs and recordings that sold a million or more records . Also , with the passing of decades of time , some songs that did not sell a million records on their initial release may have indeed done so over the years . However , several reference works , such as the books Hits Of The Sixties : The Million Sellers by Demitri Coryton & Joseph Murrells , as well as The Book Of Golden Discs - by Joseph Murrells - point out that the Miracles had several million - selling records during their career , including the following : Shop Around ( 1961 ) , You 've Really Got a Hold on Me ( 1962 ) , Mickey 's Monkey ( 1963 ) , The Tracks Of My Tears ( 1965 ) , Going To A Go-Go , ( single and album ) ( 1965 ) , I Second That Emotion ( 1967 ) , Baby Baby Do n't Cry ( 1969 ) , The Tears of a Clown * ( 1970 ) , Do It Baby ( 1974 ) , Love Machine * ( 1975 ) , and the Platinum album City Of Angels ( 1975 ) . This is quite probably an incomplete list , since Miracle Pete Moore states on his corporate website , that The Miracles actually had 12 Gold Records to their credit by 1967 , including 1965 's Ooo Baby Baby . multi-million sellers . Note : The Miracles ' 2006 DVD release The Definitive Performances ( 1963 -- 1987 ) was also certified Gold by the R.I.A.A.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79bf24e7452a6eb6d8565b7cc54bb804", "text": "Baby, Baby I Need You `` Baby , Baby I Need You '' is a 1963 song recorded by The Temptations for the Gordy ( Motown ) label . It was written by Smokey Robinson , and was later used as the B-side to their Top 40 1964 hit `` Girl ( Why You Wan na Make Me Blue ) '' . The song is about one 's devotion to the one they love ; it 's narrator telling the girl he 's falling for that if she let their `` hearts combine '' that he vows to always let her know how much he needs , wants , and loves her . A fusion of Gospel and Doo-Wop , the song is mostly an ensemble piece , with all the original members singing most of the song 's lead vocal in unison ( with Eddie Kendricks ' higher falsetto voice making him the primary vocal in song ) . It is on the song 's bridge and outro where Kendricks and Paul Williams each sing a few lead lines out front while Elbridge `` Al '' Bryant sings harmony vocals behind Kendricks and Williams ( and throughout the song 's bridge ) . All the group members get a chance to also be heard outfront when they sing the last word of each of the song 's three verses in a five-part harmony ( Bryant , Williams , Kendricks , Otis Williams , and Melvin Franklin respectively ) . This B-side is the last single released to feature Bryant 's vocals ( he was fired several months prior ) , and the last to feature Paul Williams ' signing lead that would be released while he was still the group 's main lead singer ( although he would still record a few more leads ) . With the release of the single `` My Girl '' , newest member David Ruffin would become The Tempts ' new main lead ( more or less replacing both Williams and Kendricks in the role ) . Although `` Baby , Baby I Need You '' did not chart nationally , the song was a regional smash hit in some parts of the country . It was a favorite of fans of the group ( and the group itself ) and became a part of the Temptations ' onstage repertoire . The song was performed by the `` classic five '' members on the group 's first live album , Temptations Live ! where it received a standing ovation . In 1966 , The Wailers , featuring Bob Marley , covered the song ( retitled `` I Need You '' ) which was released as a single and included on the 1966 compilation album , The Wailing Wailers . The Wailers also recorded a different song of the title `` I Need You '' in 1964 , and so recent releases have retitled this cover as `` I Need You So '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61bae19c7403567b0f1836cb8e3a0caf", "text": "All That Is Within Me All That Is Within Me is the fifth studio album by American Christian rock band MercyMe . Produced by Brown Bannister , it was released on November 20 , 2007 through INO Records . The album , intended by the band to be a worship album split between covers and original songs , was recorded following the band 's tour with Audio Adrenaline in promotion of their previous studio album Coming Up to Breathe ( 2006 ) . Although the band intended to write material for a new album during the tour , they had only written one song by the time they entered their recording studio , Cider Mountain Studio in Athol , Idaho . The band wrote so many songs at the studio that they decided not to include any cover songs ; all of the songs on the album but were written or co-written by the band . The album was described as being a rock and worship album , being aimed directly at a Christian audience . All That Is Within Me received mostly positive reviews from critics , some of which considered it MercyMe 's best record to that point . However , some critics felt the album was too similar to the band 's previous works . The album sold 84,000 copies in its first week , debuting at number one on the Billboard Christian Albums chart and number 15 on the Billboard 200 . Three singles were released to radio : `` God with Us '' , which spent eight weeks at number one on the Billboard Christian Songs chart , `` You Reign '' , which peaked at number two on the Christian Songs chart and spent four weeks atop the Billboard Christian AC Songs chart , and `` Finally Home '' , which peaked at number three on the Christian Songs chart and number 16 on the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart . All That Is Within Me has been certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , signifying shipments of over 500,000 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11566b5f0938760e740c3a6c9019b672", "text": "The Last Temptation (Alice Cooper album) The Last Temptation is the 20th studio album by rock singer , Alice Cooper , released in July 1994 via Epic Records . It centers on a boy named Steven ( also the name of the protagonist in Cooper 's earlier work , Welcome to My Nightmare ) , and a mysterious showman . The showman , with apparent supernatural abilities , attempted with the use of twisted versions of morality plays to persuade Steven to join his traveling show , `` The Theater of the Real - The Grand-est Guignol ! '' , where he would `` never grow up '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96b4c5cfc4656435ef62e530e81d6192", "text": "Together We Can Make Such Sweet Music `` Together We Can Make Such Sweet Music '' is a 1967 song co-written by Richard Drapkin and Marty Coleman . In 1968 it was assigned to Artie Fields ' Top Dog label in Detroit and issued as a 45 by rhythm and blues singer Joe Towns ( Top Dog 105 ) . When Top Dog was bought and then absorbed into the Motown stable the song was reissued with production duties from Clay McMurray as two singles for The Spinners , initially as the B-Side of `` It 's a Shame '' on Motown 's V.I.P. Records . Three years later it appeared as a reworked single for the main Motown label itself . The later release was to cash in on the success of The Spinners since signing for Atlantic Records ( and leaving Motown ) over a year prior . The song 's narrator tells his love that there 's no need for them to argue and fight due to how strong their love is when they 're together . Two versions of this song were released , both of which were led by one of the group 's front man Bobby Smith , with very notable changes . The first Spinners version was more soulful , and featured the group 's former front man G.C. Cameron with a lead part on the bridge ; this version also appears on their second album , 2nd Time Around . The second version ( released in April , 1973 ) was more conventional and commercial , remixed with additional adjusted instrumentation so it would sound more like the group 's hits on the Atlantic label . Upon the song 's re-release , `` Together We Can Make Such Sweet Music '' , would hit # 91 on the Billboard Hot 100 charts making it the group 's last Motown single to chart ( and their only Motown song to chart after they left the label ) . This second version was released on a `` Best of the Spinners '' LP by Motown the same year . The song would also be covered by The Supremes twice , both as a duet with The Four Tops and ( by themselves ) as a track for their album New Ways but Love Stays .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef52746e12c273d4097eb526053838cb", "text": "Lead Me On (Amy Grant album) Lead Me On is the seventh studio album , and eleventh overall album by Christian music singer-songwriter Amy Grant , released in 1988 through A&M Recordings . Lead Me On was a departure from its predecessor , the high-energy pop album Unguarded . Unlike Unguarded or 1991 's Heart in Motion , Lead Me On was not mainstream compatible . Only three of its songs earned mainstream airplay , all of them insignificantly ( the title song charted for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 , reaching No. 96 , and `` Saved by Love '' and `` 1974 ( We Were Young ) '' made the Adult Contemporary chart in minor positions ) . Christian music , however , praised the album . It would later be named the No. 1 Christian album of all time by CCM Magazine , in the 2001 book CCM Presents : The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music . The title song was featured in WOW # 1s : 31 of the Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce3bd54251d72e62f130c777e6981136", "text": "Hear Me Lord `` Hear Me Lord '' is a song by English musician George Harrison , released on his 1970 triple album All Things Must Pass . It appeared as the last track on side four of the original LP format and is generally viewed as the closing song on the album , disc three being the largely instrumental Apple Jam . Harrison wrote `` Hear Me Lord '' in January 1969 while still in the Beatles , but it was passed over for inclusion on what became the band 's final album , Let It Be ( 1970 ) . Musically , the song is in the gospel-rock style , while the lyrics take the form of a personal prayer , in which Harrison seeks help and forgiveness from his deity . Along with `` My Sweet Lord '' , it is among the most overtly religious selections on All Things Must Pass . The recording was co-produced by Phil Spector and features musical contributions from Eric Clapton , Gary Wright , Billy Preston , Bobby Whitlock and other musicians from Delaney & Bonnie 's Friends band . On release , Ben Gerson of Rolling Stone described `` Hear Me Lord '' as the album 's `` big statement '' and a `` majestic plea '' . Harrison performed the song at the Concert for Bangladesh on 1 August 1971 , during the afternoon show only , although the recording has never been issued officially .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f831f6351be34b02ea45274a88728dd", "text": "Four in Blue Four In Blue is a 1969 album by the Motown R&B group The Miracles , issued on the label 's Tamla Records subsidiary ( Tamla 297 ) in the U.S. , and the Tamla-Motown label elsewhere in the world , ( STML 11151 ) , and was the final Miracles album of the 1960s . It reached # 78 on the Billboard pop album chart , and reached the Top 10 of Billboard 's R&B Album chart , peaking at # 3 , despite the fact that no singles were released from this album in the U.S. or the UK . The album takes its name from the blue silk tuxedos that The Miracles ( Bobby Rogers , Pete Moore , Smokey Robinson and Ronnie White ) , wear on its cover . Although not on the cover , Miracles members Claudette Robinson and Marv Tarplin also contributed to this album . The album is a combination of cover versions and original material , written by the Miracles ' lead singer Smokey Robinson and Motown staff songwriters , such as Al Cleveland , Terry Johnson , Holland -- Dozier -- Holland , Deke Richards , Ashford & Simpson and Richard Morris . Cover songs in this collection included The Beatles ' `` Hey Jude '' , The Supremes ' `` My World Is Empty Without You '' , The Righteous Brothers ' `` You 've Lost That Lovin ' Feelin '' and The 5th Dimension 's `` California Soul '' . The album was released on CD in 2001 in a two-in-one set with the Miracles ' album , Time Out for Smokey Robinson & The Miracles '' . The CD release contains an alternative mix of `` Do n't Say You Love Me '' which contains finished background vocals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "260b89e84ee738b7ecba19539dfdd866", "text": "Ron Tyson Ron Tyson ( born February 8 , 1948 ) is an American singer and songwriter . Tyson is the current tenor for long-lived singing group The Temptations , filling the role made famous by Eddie Kendricks in the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a222afd577c9fe9647007f3c665c858", "text": "Sweet Surrender (John Denver song) `` Sweet Surrender '' is the title of a popular song by the American singer-songwriter John Denver . It was originally recorded for his 1974 album Back Home Again , but was chosen as the lead single from the concert album An Evening with John Denver . `` Sweet Surrender '' reached # 13 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in February 1975 , remaining in the Top 40 for eight weeks . It also rose to # 1 on the adult contemporary chart , Denver 's fourth song to reach the top on this survey ( following `` Sunshine on My Shoulders '' , `` Annie 's Song '' and `` Back Home Again '' ) . Following a theme common to many of Denver 's songs , the lyrics to `` Sweet Surrender '' deal with a journey of self-exploration tied to themes of nature and environment . The single version of `` Sweet Surrender '' has yet to appear on any compact disc or digital reissue , characterized by its lack of applause over the introduction . `` Sweet Surrender '' was the opening theme song of the 1974 Walt Disney movie The Bears and I . It was covered by the pop/folk band `` The Seekers '' and appeared on the Australian release of their 1975 self-titled album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77a9fb2c8d8b924833cf617b7b78b4a9", "text": "Decades of Worship Decades of Worship is Christian singer Michael W. Smith 's third compilation album , after The First Decade ( 1983-1993 ) and The Second Decade ( 1993-2003 ) , released in 2012 . The album mostly comprises Smith 's live and studio worship music in the years 2001 -- 2010 . It also includes a remastered version of `` Great Is The Lord '' from his 1983 debut , Michael W. Smith Project as a bonus track .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c5481727310fe532cd6751a09f15448", "text": "Sweet Home Alabama `` Sweet Home Alabama '' is a song by Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd that first appeared in 1974 on their second album , Second Helping . It reached number 8 on the US chart in 1974 and was the band 's second hit single . The song was written in reply to `` Southern Man '' and `` Alabama '' by Neil Young ; Young is name-checked in the song 's lyrics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4e4ef50e5cce129dc4a6f681f6f00b1", "text": "Yah Mo B There `` Yah Mo B There '' is an R&B song by American singers James Ingram and Michael McDonald . It was written by Ingram , McDonald , Rod Temperton , and producer Quincy Jones . The song originally appeared on Ingram 's 1983 album It 's Your Night , released on Jones 's Qwest Records label . It was released as a single in late 1983 , peaking at # 19 on the U.S. charts in 1984 , and # 44 on the UK charts also in 1984 , ( the remixed version by John Jellybean Benitez hit # 12 in the Spring of 1985 in the UK ) , and has subsequently appeared on several of Ingram and McDonald 's greatest hits albums as well as various 1980s compilation albums . The performance earned the duo a 1985 Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . It was one of a series of very successful duets involving Ingram . It also received a nomination for Best R&B Song , losing to `` I Feel for You '' ( Prince ) . The song is in reference to God . And the power faith can have over difficult times . `` Yah '' being the shortened Yahweh -- the Hebrew name for God .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cb5c8e87d3c1f423ce235e0cb4eee31", "text": "Sweet Little Jesus Boy `` Sweet Little Jesus Boy '' is a Christmas song composed by Robert MacGimsey and published in 1934 . Its style is similar to African-American spirituals . It has been recorded by many choirs and solo artists .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5b1230e431a0775d0236f82e9e7b70b8
Michael Keaton will play the role of a supervillain.
[ { "docid": "3f5ee136bd3d47b6aaebce48f6977c91", "text": "Michael Keaton Michael John Douglas ( born September 5 , 1951 ) , known professionally as Michael Keaton , is an American actor , producer and director . He first rose to fame for his comedic film roles in Night Shift ( 1982 ) , Mr. Mom ( 1983 ) , Johnny Dangerously ( 1984 ) and Beetlejuice ( 1988 ) , and he earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton 's Batman ( 1989 ) and Batman Returns ( 1992 ) . Since then , he has appeared in a variety of films ranging from dramas and romantic comedies to thriller and action films ; such as Clean and Sober ( 1988 ) , The Dream Team ( 1989 ) , Pacific Heights ( 1990 ) , Much Ado About Nothing ( 1993 ) , My Life ( 1993 ) , The Paper ( 1994 ) , Multiplicity ( 1996 ) , Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , Herbie : Fully Loaded ( 2005 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) , Need for Speed ( 2014 ) , RoboCop ( 2014 ) , Spotlight ( 2015 ) and The Founder ( 2016 ) , and he has also provided voices for characters in animated films such as Cars ( 2006 ) , Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) and Minions ( 2015 ) . In 2017 , Keaton will play the role of Marvel Comics supervillain the Vulture in Spider-Man : Homecoming . Keaton 's lead performance in Birdman or ( The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance ) ( 2014 ) earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , the Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actor and Best Actor in a Comedy , and nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award , British Academy Film Award , and Academy Award for Best Actor . He previously received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for The Company ( 2007 ) . Keaton was awarded a Career Achievement Award from both the Hollywood Film Festival and Zurich Film Festivals . On January 18 , 2016 , he was named Officer of Order of Arts and Letters in France . He is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Mellon University . </span>", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "cd021f650839e73bc7b4078177940589", "text": "Justice Machine The Justice Machine is a fictional team of superheroes originally created by Michael Gustovich and appearing in comic books from many small publishers in the 1980s and 1990s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9052113f874922e655c3e7d5edb7de34", "text": "Terra-Man Terra-Man ( real name Toby Manning ) is a fictional character and supervillain who appears in Superman stories published by DC Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7c7e6e5d04ebbd64303008ab55a8e60", "text": "Space Squad is a set of two V-Cinema movies , first released in Japanese theaters in June 17 , 2017 while DVD and Blu-Ray releases were made on separate dates . It features the crossover between 2012 Metal Hero Series movie Space Sheriff Gavan : The Movie and the twenty-eighth Super Sentai Series entry Tokusou Sentai Dekaranger , both works are distributed by Toei Company . In addition , past actors from Metal Hero Series are also set to appear as guests in the films . Both director Koichi Sakamoto and writer Naruhisa Arakawa previously worked in Space Sheriffs : Next Generation . Another work from Space Sheriff Gavan was planned since 2015 but production was moved to 2016 due to Sakamoto 's scheduling conflicts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f8a0c2bc13fbc5dff30447423759a1d", "text": "Ragman (comics) Ragman ( Rory Regan ) is a fictional character , a superhero and mystic vigilante who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddce0c0cb65863c8e7fe09be4ce69612", "text": "Doctor Strange Stephen Vincent Strange , M.D. is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Created by artist Steve Ditko and writer Stan Lee , the character first appeared in Strange Tales # 110 ( cover-dated July 1963 ) . Doctor Strange serves as the Sorcerer Supreme , the primary protector of Earth against magical and mystical threats . Inspired by stories of black magic and Chandu the Magician , Strange was created during the Silver Age of Comics to bring a different kind of character and themes of mysticism to Marvel Comics . The character 's origin story relates that he was once a brilliant but egotistical surgeon . After a car accident severely damages his hands and hinders his ability to perform surgery , he searches the globe for a way to repair them and encounters the Ancient One . After becoming one of the old Sorcerer Supreme 's students , he becomes a practitioner of both the mystical arts as well as martial arts . Along with knowing many powerful spells , he has a costume with two mystical objects -- the Cloak of Levitation and Eye of Agamotto -- which give him added powers . Strange is aided along the way by his friend and valet , Wong , and a large assortment of mystical objects . He takes up residence in a mansion called the Sanctum Sanctorum , located in New York City . Later , Strange takes the title of Sorcerer Supreme . In 2008 , Doctor Strange was ranked 83rd in Wizards `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , and in 2012 was ranked 33rd in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' . He was also ranked 38th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' . The character was first portrayed in live-action by Peter Hooten in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange . Benedict Cumberbatch stars as the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , first appearing in the role in the 2016 film Doctor Strange .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbdf564ca2264907ce793fef0385720d", "text": "The New Avengers (comics) The New Avengers is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The title has been used for four American comic book series . The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel 's premiere superhero team , the Avengers . The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati ( formerly introduced in New Avengers Vol . 1 # 7 -LSB- July 2005 -RSB- ) . The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M. , reformed as `` Avengers Idea Mechanics '' , whose field team has appropriated the name `` New Avengers '' for itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50dc70bdc3c19b7f66c8e4ccf94ccdfa", "text": "Hammerhead (comics) Hammerhead is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is primarily an enemy of Spider-Man and a member of organized crime who exists in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe . He is closely associated with the Hammerhead `` Family '' , a Maggia crime family . Hammerhead distinguishes himself from other villains in that he dresses up and acts somewhat like a gangster from the 1920s . Due to an injury he suffered , much of his skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy by Jonas Harrow , giving his head a flattened shape .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3993cc87baf92140281e19d5c6af99fa", "text": "Shadowland (comics) `` Shadowland '' is a 2010 Marvel Comics storyline centering on Daredevil and other `` street-level '' superheroes in the Marvel Universe . The storyline started in the Daredevil comic and was expanded upon in the Shadowland five-issue mini series as well as four tie-in mini series , four one-shots , and two issues of Thunderbolts . The storyline was collected into seven individual hard cover and soft cover Trade paperbacks in 2011 . The story chronicles Daredevils ' return to Hell 's Kitchen after he becomes the leader of the Hand Ninja clan . He builds a temple/prison in Hell 's Kitchen , the eponymous Shadowland . His methods get more extreme as he kills long-time adversary Bullseye . The change in attitude brings him and his ally White Tiger in conflict with a number of street level super-heroes such as Spider-Man , Luke Cage , Iron Fist , Moon Knight and more . The storyline also introduces a new Power Man to the Marvel Universe . The heroes later realize that Daredevil has become possessed by the Beast of the Hand , which explains why Daredevil 's actions have become more and more extreme and erratic . The heroes are helped out by the Kingpin and Lady Bullseye as they try to preserve the Kingpin 's criminal empire . In the final moments of the story Iron Fist uses his mystical chi to heal Daredevil , releasing the demon inside him . In an act of sacrifice Daredevil kills himself before the Beast can take control of him again , breaking the spell the Beast had on Hell 's Kitchen . Afterwards his corpse disappears , apparently to be revived by Elektra at the conclusion of the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "788f00e7c18db1dd23ed82c4f7ad92bb", "text": "W'Kabi W'Kabi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . W'Kabi will appear in the upcoming film Black Panther , portrayed by Daniel Kaluuya .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee", "text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18c0d84fb778741b9d2ae95ac24ee7a2", "text": "Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman : Mask of the Phantasm ( also known as Batman : The Animated Movie ) is a 1993 American animated neo-noir superhero mystery film feauring the DC Comics character Batman . Directed by Eric Radomski and Bruce Timm , it is based on the hit TV series Batman : The Animated Series and was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . The film was written by Alan Burnett , Paul Dini , Martin Pasko and Michael Reaves and stars the vocal talents of Kevin Conroy , Mark Hamill and Efrem Zimbalist , Jr. ( all reprising their roles from The Animated Series ) , in addition to Dana Delany , Hart Bochner , Stacy Keach , and Abe Vigoda . It revolves around Batman attempting to apprehend a mysterious vigilante who 's murdering Gotham City 's crime bosses . The film was originally thought of as a direct-to-video release . Warner Bros. ultimately decided for a theatrical release , giving the filmmakers a strenuous eight-month schedule . Mask of the Phantasm was released on December 25 , 1993 to widespread acclaim from critics , who praised the animation , voice performances , storyline and music , among others . However , due to the decision to release the film in theaters on such short notice , it failed at the box office . After its release on home video , the film found cult success and over the years developed a cult following . The film 's success led to two direct-to-video standalone sequels , Batman & Mr. Freeze : SubZero in 1997 and Mystery of the Batwoman in 2003 . In recent years , many publications including Time , IGN and WhatCulture , have ranked it as one of the best Batman films ever made and among the best animated films ever made .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c41bc359d723c3ca55f99c77ddf6631", "text": "Mister Mxyzptlk Mister Mxyzptlk ( -LSB- mɪksˈjɛzpɪtlɪk -RSB- , -LSB- ˈmɪksɪlplɪk -RSB- or -LSB- mɪksˈjɛzpɪtəlɪk -RSB- ) , sometimes called Mxy , is a fictional impish character who appears in DC Comics ' Superman comic books , sometimes as a supervillain and other times as an antihero . Mr. Mxyzptlk was created to appear in Superman # 30 ( Sept. 1944 ) , in the story `` The Mysterious Mr. Mxyzptlk '' , by writer Jerry Siegel and artist Ira Yarborough . But due to publishing lag time , the character saw print first in the Superman daily comic strip by writer Whitney Ellsworth and artist Wayne Boring . He is usually presented as a trickster , in the classical mythological sense , in that he possesses reality warping powers with which he enjoys tormenting Superman in a cartoonish way . In most of his appearances in DC Comics , he can be stopped only by tricking him into saying or spelling his own name backwards ( Kltpzyxm - `` kel-tip-zix-um '' ) , which will return him to his home in the 5th dimension and keep him there for a minimum of ninety days . However , this specific limitation of the character has been eliminated since the Crisis on Infinite Earths reboot , upon which the character leaves only when he willingly agrees to do so after meeting some conditions he sets , such as having Superman succeed in getting Mxyzptlk to paint his own face blue . In 2009 , Mister Mxyzptlk was ranked as IGN 's 76th-Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed4d5ddec16efa85820897c709e5b629", "text": "Paul Michael Paul Michael ( August 15 , 1926 -- July 8 , 2011 ) was an American actor . He was a regular guest star on American television appearing in Kojak , Hill Street Blues , Alias , Gilmore Girls and Frasier among others . He played a cop in the Hollywood movie Batman . He also played King Johnny Romano on Dark Shadows . He was also in movies such as `` Mask of the Red Death '' and made for TV movie , `` Where There 's a Will '' . He did many plays with his sweetheart , Marion Ross . They traveled together doing plays like `` The Last Great Romance '' among others . He was best known for his appearances on Broadway where he frequently played Zorba , Tevia in `` Fiddler on the Roof '' and the barber in `` The Man of La Mancha '' . He danced in `` Bells are Ringing '' with Vivian Leigh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0613cebcd7fd8f22e33f938530f6082", "text": "Liberators (comics) The Liberators are a group of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . These characters appear in comics set in the Ultimate Marvel universe . Created by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch , they appear in the miniseries The Ultimates 2 . They are effectively the Ultimate universe 's equivalents of the Masters of Evil . The Liberators are a superhuman task force who appear at the climax of the plot arc . They spearhead an invasion of the United States and are from a coalition of nations opposed to the United States ' foreign policy . This international collective is made up of China , Syria , North Korea , Iran , and rogue elements of the French and Russian governments . The Liberators and their overseers are an opposing counterpart to the Ultimates and S.H.I.E.L.D. , respectively . `` We told you to stop making super people , America . We told you not to interfere with cultures you can never understand . This is what happens when your ambitions outstrip your capabilities . The empire takes a fall . Congratulations , ladies and gentlemen ... The Great Satan has just been liberated . '' - The Colonel", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0363d7bafc65c170834b4fca89cb3584", "text": "Action Comics Action Comics is an American comic book series that introduced Superman , one of the first major superhero characters as the term is popularly defined . The publisher was originally known as National Allied Publications , and later as National Comics Publications and as National Periodical Publications , before taking on its current name of DC Comics . Its original incarnation ran from 1938 to 2011 and stands as one of the longest-running comic books with consecutively numbered issues . A second volume of Action Comics with issue # 1 ran from 2011 to 2016 . Action Comics returned to its original numbering beginning with issue # 957 ( Aug. 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0aa4c15df4634c86193db8f747cc4d8d", "text": "Slapstick (comics) Slapstick ( Steve Harmon ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He resembles an animated clown and has the abilities of a slapstick cartoon character , such as one from Looney Tunes , including warping reality to match that of an animated cartoon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14bf152ae7a531b3dcb55cc050dc18bc", "text": "Conduit (comics) Conduit ( Kenny Braverman ) is a DC Comics supervillain and primarily an enemy of Superman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac7d3840a89fcc919fc1c3078cb18e69", "text": "Transilvane Transilvane is a fictional small artificial planet with two horn-like protuberances in the . It was created by Jack Kirby in Superman 's Pal Jimmy Olsen # 142 and # 143 ( October -- November 1971 ) . Transilvane 's official name was E.T.A.S. ( Extraterrestrial Artificial Simulation ) . It was created at the behest of NASA to simulate and study extraterrestrial environments , with an eye towards long-term human colonization . When the project ran out of government funding , Dabney Donovan seeded the planet with miniature lifeforms and used orbiting Movie projectors to project horror films on the planet 's clouds . As a result , the Transilvanians assumed the shapes and habits of classic horror film monsters . Donovan was eventually planning to wipe Transilvane clean , using a robotic `` Demon Dog '' to spray it with a poison gas . To stop him , several Transilvanians , led by the vampire Count Dragorin and the werewolf Lupek , came to Earth in coffin-shaped , size-altering spacecraft . They failed to find Donovan , but Superman , assisted by Jimmy Olsen , destroyed the Demon Dog and saved Transilvane . The story ended with Superman having decided to reprogram the Transilvanians by replacing the horror movies with projections of Oklahoma ! .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3720a2c893e3f8040d48815e74c756bf
Moana is a work in the medium of animation.
[ { "docid": "9c1f6f97b459f1141ea55d485c4d206c", "text": "Walt Disney Animation Studios Walt Disney Animation Studios , headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank , California , is an American animation studio that creates animated feature films , short films , and television specials for The Walt Disney Company . Founded on October 16 , 1923 , it is a division of The Walt Disney Studios . The studio has produced 56 feature films , from Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs ( 1937 ) to Moana ( 2016 ) . It was founded as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio in 1923 and incorporated as Walt Disney Productions in 1929 . The studio was exclusively dedicated to producing short films until it expanded into feature production in 1934 . In 1983 , Walt Disney Productions named its live-action film studio Walt Disney Pictures . During a corporate restructuring in 1986 , Walt Disney Productions was renamed The Walt Disney Company and the animation division , renamed Walt Disney Feature Animation , became a subsidiary of its film division , The Walt Disney Studios . In 2006 , Walt Disney Feature Animation took on its current name , Walt Disney Animation Studios after Pixar Animation Studios was acquired by Disney in the same year . For much of its existence , the studio was recognized as the premier American animation studio ; it developed many of the techniques , concepts , and principles that became standard practices of traditional animation . The studio also pioneered the art of storyboarding , which is now a standard technique used in both animated and live-action filmmaking . The studio 's catalog of animated features is among Disney 's most notable assets , with the stars of its animated shorts -- Mickey Mouse , Donald Duck , Goofy , and Pluto -- becoming recognizable figures in popular culture and mascots for The Walt Disney Company as a whole . Walt Disney Animation Studios continues to produce films using both traditional animation and computer-generated imagery ( CGI ) . At the present , Andrew Millstein is the general manager of the studio for day-to-day business affairs , under the direction of Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter who also oversee Pixar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa70666753ac2c69af470d8a4d8ed812", "text": "John Musker John Musker ( born November 8 , 1953 ) is an American animation director . Along with Ron Clements , he makes up the duo of one of the Disney animation studio 's leading director teams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35f86d193b011d6b96125a086163c47e", "text": "Moana (2016 film) Moana ( -LSB- moʊˈɑːnə -RSB- ) is a 2016 American computer-animated musical fantasy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . It is the 56th Disney animated feature film . Directed by Ron Clements and John Musker , co-directed by Don Hall and Chris Williams , the film introduces Auli'i Cravalho as Moana and features the voices of Dwayne Johnson , Rachel House , Temuera Morrison , Jemaine Clement , Nicole Scherzinger , and Alan Tudyk . The film features music written by Lin-Manuel Miranda , Opetaia Foa'i , and Mark Mancina . The film tells the story of Moana , the strong-willed daughter of the chief of a Polynesian tribe , who is chosen by the ocean itself to reunite a mystical relic with a goddess . When a blight strikes her island , Moana sets sail in search of Maui , a legendary demigod , in the hope of saving her people . Moana was released theatrically in the United States on November 23 , 2016 to critical acclaim , with critics particularly praising the film for its animation , music , and voice cast . The film went on to gross over $ 642 million worldwide . Along with Zootopia , it marked the first time since 2002 that Walt Disney Animation Studios released two feature films in the same year . It received two Academy Award nominations at the 89th Academy Awards : one for Best Animated Feature and another for Best Original Song ( `` How Far I 'll Go '' ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "15952371bce5eb94c58b8063484c4a49", "text": "Object animation Object animation is a form of stop motion animation that involves the animated movements of any non-drawn objects such as toys , blocks , dolls , etc. which are not fully malleable , such as clay or wax , and not designed to look like a recognizable human or animal character . Object animation is considered a different form of animation distinct from model animation and puppet animation , as these two forms of stop-motion animation usually use recognizable characters as their subjects , rather than just objects like static toy soldiers , or construction toys such as Tinker Toys , LEGO brand bricks ( Brickfilm ) , Lincoln Logs , Erector Sets , Playmobil , etc. . Object animation is often combined with other forms of animation , typically for a more realistic effect ( e.g. , Model Animation or Puppet Animation to add more complex movement or depth to the characters ) . For example , a toy car can be animated without a driver , but is more often animated with a character easily seen driving the car . The use of animated objects in film has been present since the early days of cinema . An example of modern object animation can be seen on Robot Chicken , part of the regular Adult Swim block on Cartoon Network , which combines object animation with a variation of puppet animation , in this case the puppets are made to resemble plastic action figures from various TV shows , movies , and pop culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6", "text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffa0c44026e4f34a2a65b685faa8e02a", "text": "Hana no Ko Lunlun , translated to English as The Flower Child Lunlun and Lulu , The Flower Angel is a magical girl anime by Toei Animation , focusing on a theme of flowers in its stories . It was directed by Hiroshi Shidara and written by Shiro Jinbo . It was greatly successful in the West , particularly in Europe and in Latin America , as well as in Japan . An edited English-language dub of a few episodes titled Angel made this series one of , if not the first , magical girl anime works to reach the United States , well over a decade before Sailor Moon . A movie adaptation , Hana no Ko Runrun Konnichiwa Sakura no Sono , was released on March 1980 . In 2009 , William Winckler Productions produced two all-new English-dubbed movie versions edited from the original series titled Lun Lun the Flower Girl and Lun Lun the Flower Girl 2 . Producer William Winckler , known for Tekkaman the Space Knight , wrote , produced and directed the English films , which are seen on broadband in Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84e4a8d12de5bad9b02366ee7eccdc42", "text": "Animerama is a series of thematically-related adult anime feature films originally conceived and initiated by Osamu Tezuka and made at his Mushi Production animation studio from the late 1960s to early 1970s , perhaps intended as animated counterparts to the then-emergent pink films ( a direct connection being Shigemi Satoyoshi as the scenarist for Cleopatra ) . As well as the erotic themes , they are also defined by mixing more typical traditional animation with sequences of UPA and Yōji Kuri -- influenced experimental use of modern design , limited animation , and still paintings akin to Tezuka 's experimental short films and like those largely were all directed , sometimes sharing the billing with Tezuka , by Eiichi Yamamoto . The first , A Thousand & One Nights , was the first erotic animated feature film and , at 130 minutes , remains one of the longest ever animated films . The first two are also notable for having scores by famed composer and electronic rearranger Isao Tomita . The third , Belladonna , made without Tezuka 's direct involvement , is more serious than its predecessors and more avant-garde still , telling its story largely through pans over still , panoramic paintings with narration . The three films in the trilogy are : ( 1969 ) ( 1970 ) ( 1973 ) All three were released onto DVD-Video by the video division of Columbia Music Entertainment , both separately and as a box set , in 2004 in Japan and re-released in 2006 . A 1991 original video animation based on part of Ihara Saikaku 's The Life of an Amorous Man ( released on VHS in the United Kingdom and Ireland as The Sensualist ) made at Grouper Production is sometimes considered an unofficial successor to the trilogy , owing to the involvement of Yamamoto as screenwriter and its similarly both erotic and experimental imagery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ce8d79d1e68df1b7f3b077d386edab1", "text": "Animation database An animation database is a database which stores fragments of animations or human movements and which can be accessed , analyzed and queried to develop and assemble new animations . Given that the manual generation of a large amount of animation can be time consuming and expensive , an animation database can assist users in building animations by using existing components , and sharing animation fragments . Early examples of animation databases include the system MOVE which used an object oriented database . Modern animation databases can be populated via the extraction of skeletal animations from motion capture data . Other examples include crowd simulation in which a number of people are simulated as a crowd . Given that in some applications the people need to be walking at different speeds , say on a sidewalk , the animation database can be used to retrieve and merge different animated figures . The method is mainly known as `` motion graphs '' . Animation databases can also be used for `` interactive storytelling '' in which fragments of animations are retrieved from the animation database and are recycled to combine into new stories . For instance , the animation database called Animebase is used within the system Words Anime to help generate animations using recycled components . In this approach , the user may input words which form parts of a story and queries against the database help select suitable animation fragments . This type of system may indeed use two databases : an animation database , as well as a story knowledge database . The story knowledge database may use subjects , predicates and objects to refer to story fragments . The system then assists the user in matching between story fragments and animation fragments . Animation databases can also be used for the generation of visual scenes using humanoid models . An example application has been the development of an animated humanoid-based sign language system to help the disabled . Another application of an animation database is in the synthesis of idle motion for human characters . Human beings move all the time and in unique ways , and the presentation of a consistent and realistic set of idle motions for each character between different animation segments has been a challenge , e.g. each person has a unique way of standing and this needs to be represented in a realistic way throughout an animation . One of the problems is that idle motion affects all joints and simply showing statistical movements at each joint results in less than realistic portrayals . One approach to solving this problem is to use an animation database with a large set of pre-recorded human movements , and obtain the suitable patterns of motion from the database through statistical analysis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e31823d065f2ad8f4b5c39268bdb2c2", "text": "Masaaki Ōsumi is a Japanese director known for his work in television and movie animations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cbb2a651abea3d66f86aecba51077df", "text": "SANDDE SANDDE is a software and hardware system , developed primarily by IMAX Corporation , designed to create hand-drawn , stereoscopic 3D animation content . SANDDE is an acronym for `` Stereoscopic ANimation Drawing DEvice '' and is a play on the Japanese term for `` 3D '' , which is pronounced `` San-D '' . The concept of SANDDE is to enable artists to draw and animate in three-dimensional space . It is intended to be intuitively usable , like a pencil . As an art form , SANDDE incorporates aspects of drawing , painting , sculpture and puppetry . Unlike most other 3D computer graphic animation tools , SANDDE does not require the construction of mathematically defined models . The main input device is a `` wand '' which allows the user to create drawings in the air . Animators sit in virtual stereoscopic theaters and , using a specialized `` wand , '' draw in space to create individual frames and then animate their creations using the interactive capabilities of the wand to create shots , sequences , and complete movies . SANDDE was originally developed by IMAX in the mid-1990s , and was used to create one IMAX short ( Paint Misbehavin -LSB- 1997 -RSB- ) and portions of two other IMAX feature films : Mark Twain 3D ( 1999 ) and Cyberworld ( 2000 ) . Thereafter , IMAX stopped active development of the system but provided licenses for use and future development to the National Film Board of Canada for artistic experimentation and to Janro Imaging Laboratory to explore commercial use of the application . The former has used SANDDE in numerous stereoscopic productions including Falling in Love Again '' , Moonman , June , The Wobble Incident , Subconscious Password , and Minotaur , while the latter has licensed SANDDE for Ultimate Wave 3D and Legends of Flight , both produced by the Stephen Low Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c445e2a25dbb8aba66dad5c2695b59d9", "text": "Osamu Tezuka was a Japanese manga artist , cartoonist , animator , film producer , medical doctor and activist . Born in Osaka Prefecture , his prolific output , pioneering techniques , and innovative redefinitions of genres earned him such titles as `` the father of manga '' , `` the godfather of manga '' and `` the god of manga '' . Additionally , he is often considered the Japanese equivalent to Walt Disney , who served as a major inspiration during Tezuka 's formative years . Born in Toyonaka Tezuka took an interest in art and animation at an early age when his father showed him his first Disney films . As a young child Tezuka began to practice drawing so much that his mother would have to erase pages in his notebook in order to keep up with his output . In elementary school he would develop his own comics and illustrations from which his skills would become formidable . During high school in 1944 Tezuka was drafted into the military service to work in a factory . Tezuka would begin studying medicine at the Osaka University in 1945 , during which he would begin to publish his first professional works . Tezuka would begin what was known as the manga revolution in Japan with his New Treasure Island published in 1947 . His legendary output would spawn some of the most influential , successful and well received manga series including Astro Boy , Jungle Emperor Leo , Black Jack , and Phoenix , all of which would win several awards . During the 1960s Tezuka entered the animation industry in Japan by founding the production company Mushi Productions he would help innovate with industry with the broadcast of the animated version of Astro Boy in 1963 . This series would create the first successful model for animation production in Japan and would also be the first Japanese animation dubbed into English for an American audience . Other series were also translated to animation including Jungle Emperor Leo , the first Japanese animated series produced in full color . In the 1970s Mushi Productions would collapse financially and the fallout would produce several influential animation production studios including Sunrise . After Mushi Production 's failure Tezuka would found Tezuka Productions and continue experimenting with animation late into his life . Tezuka died of stomach cancer in 1989 . His death had an immediate impact on the Japanese public . A museum was constructed in Takarazuka dedicated to his memory and life works and Tezuka received many posthumous awards . Several animations were in production at the time of his death along with the final chapters of Phoenix which were never released .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0845f5429f40c03b4667096af525502", "text": "A-1 Pictures A-1 Pictures Inc. is a Japanese animation studio founded by ex-Sunrise producer Mikihiro Iwata , a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment ( Japan ) 's anime production firm Aniplex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "022d7b59d42e25c0e319f50b499ec2d8", "text": "UPA (animation studio) United Productions of America , better known as UPA , was an American animation studio active from the 1940s through the 1970s . Beginning with industrial and World War II training films , UPA eventually produced theatrical shorts for Columbia Pictures , notably the Mr. Magoo series . In 1956 , UPA produced a television series for CBS , The Boing-Boing Show , hosted by Gerald McBoing Boing . In the 1960s , UPA produced syndicated Mr. Magoo and Dick Tracy television series and other series and specials , including the popular Mister Magoo 's Christmas Carol . UPA also produced two animated features , 1001 Arabian Nights and Gay Purr-ee , and distributed Japanese films from Toho Studios in the 1970s and 1980s . Gerald McBoing Boing ( 2005 -- 2007 ) is a more recent television series based on UPA 's memorable character and licensed and co-produced by Cookie Jar Entertainment and Classic Media , for Cartoon Network . UPA Pictures ' legacy in the history of animation has largely been overshadowed by the commercial success and availability of the cartoon libraries of Warner Bros. , MGM and Disney . Nonetheless , UPA had a significant impact on animation style , content , and technique , and its innovations were recognized and adopted by the other major animation studios and independent filmmakers all over the world . UPA pioneered the technique of limited animation . Although this style of animation came to be widely used in the 1960s and 1970s as a cost-cutting measure , it was originally intended as a stylistic alternative to the growing trend ( particularly at Disney ) of recreating cinematic realism in animated films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1558c1de1a4d74e6ed18dff8ef9b75c6", "text": "Lolicon , also romanised as lolikon or rorikon , is Japanese discourse or media focusing on the attraction to young or prepubescent girls . The term lolicon is a portmanteau of the phrase `` Lolita complex '' ; it describes an attraction to young or prepubescent girls , an individual with such an attraction , or lolicon manga or lolicon anime , a genre of manga and anime wherein childlike female characters are often depicted in an `` erotic-cute '' manner ( also known as ero kawaii ) , in an art style reminiscent of the shōjo manga ( girls ' comics ) style . Outside Japan , lolicon is in less common usage and usually refers to the genre . The term is a reference to Vladimir Nabokov 's book Lolita , in which a middle-aged man becomes sexually obsessed with a twelve-year-old girl . It was first used in Japan in the 1970s and quickly became used to describe erotic dojinshi ( amateur comics ) portrayals of young girls . Laws have been enacted in various countries , including in Japan , which regulate explicit content featuring children or childlike characters . Parent and citizens groups in Japan have organized to work toward stronger controls and stricter laws governing lolicon manga and other similar media . Studies of lolicon fans state that they are attracted to an aesthetic of cuteness rather than the age of the characters , and that collecting lolicon represents a disconnect from society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "feea4a89550e035c58d744efde7e9567", "text": "Animation stand An animation stand is a device assembled for the filming of any kind of animation that is placed on a flat surface , including cel animation , graphic animation , clay animation , and silhouette animation . Traditionally , the flat surface that the animation rests on is some kind of table that the animator sits at . Pegs made specifically for animation are embedded into the table , in at least two slots allowing the pegs to slide from side to side , permitting horizontal movement of images , but can also be easily fixed into position for the accurate positioning ( `` registration '' ) of the artwork . Opposite the animator is a series of supporting arms and supports , on top of which is mounted a film or video camera , pointing down toward the artwork , which films the artwork , frame-by-frame , as it is slowly moved and changed by the operator . The vertical positioning of the animation camera , always shooting down , is the main component that defines an animation stand , as opposed to a stop motion set-up , or other equipment arrangements for animation production . Animation stands can be homemade , from metal or wood , such as that owned by Los Angeles animator Mike Jittlov , and still accomplish impressive animation production ; or they can be elaborate ( and expensive ) professionally made precision systems that allow for the computerised movements of both the art and the camera , as has been traditionally used by professional animation studios and special effects facilities such as the Walt Disney studio ( famous for their Multiplane camera ) and George Lucas 's Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) facilities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5deb87d8f8e63763c4cf0b93f51ee2a2", "text": "Tezuka Productions is a Japanese animation studio founded by Tezuka Osamu in 1968 . It is known for animating notable works such as Marvelous Melmo , the 1980 and 2003 Astro Boy series , and Black Jack . His son , Macoto Tezuka , currently aims to use Tezuka Productions to extend Tezuka 's manga series with new issues and publish posthumous works such as Legend of the Forest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c29604bab1243fc26cd5544362fddde", "text": "Ogu and Mampato in Rapa Nui Ogu and Mampato in Rapa Nui ( Ogú y Mampato en Rapa Nui ) , also known as Mampato : The Movie ( Spanish : Mampato : La Película ) is a feature-length Chilean animated film , created by Cine Animadores and executive produced by Elastic Studios , released June 27 , 2002 . Although the film is n't the first animated feature made in Chile , being the second after Alfredo Serey 's 1921 film La Trasmisión del Mando Presidencial ( The Transmission of Presidential Control ) , it is considered the country 's first `` modern '' animated film . The movie is based on the Chilean comics character Mampato created in 1971 for the magazine of the same name by Themo Lobos and Eduardo Armstrong , and later reprinted as the comic-book Cucalón , the story for the film being adapted from the seventh adventure in the series : `` Mata-ki-te-rangui '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db72db165a7b6c509e479a9a9d9e2dbc", "text": "Bangladeshi animation Bangladeshi animation is still a new form of visual arts but experiencing a rapid growth . The animation industry employs about 12,000 people of different ages in Bangladesh . Most of the animation works are of outsourced projects from western developed nations . Other animation works include projects related to social awareness related programs and for TV advertisement purposes . Few animation studios are also producing animated short and feature films . There are some animation festivals that annually take place in Bangladesh , most prominently the International Animation and Cartoon Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9cd889f8e62a1e10b30e7415019f4c3", "text": "Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese film director , producer , screenwriter , animator , author , and manga artist . Through a career that has spanned over five decades , Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and as a maker of anime feature films and , along with Isao Takahata , co-founded Studio Ghibli , a film and animation studio . Born in Bunkyō , Tokyo , Miyazaki began his animation career in 1963 when he joined Toei Animation . From there , Miyazaki worked as an in-between artist for Gulliver 's Travels Beyond the Moon , where he pitched ideas that eventually became the film 's ending . Hayao Miyazaki was also associated with Tokyo Movie Shinsha . He co-directed Lupin III with Isao Takahata , provided the screenplay and key animation for Panda ! Go Panda ! , provided key animation for the first episode of Tokyo Giants , provided the original concept for Jungle Kurobe , provided the director role for Lupin III : Tales of the Wolf , provided key animation for the Ulysses 31 pilot in conjunction with Diffusion Information Communication , provided the director role for The New Adventures of Zorro , provided key animation for the Inspector Gadget pilot , and provided the chief director role for season 1 of Sherlock Hound . He continued to work in various roles in the animation industry with various studios until he directed his first feature film , The Castle of Cagliostro , a Lupin the Third story , released in 1979 . After the success of his next film , Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind ( 1984 ) , he co-founded Studio Ghibli , where he continued to produce many feature films . While Miyazaki 's films have long enjoyed both commercial and critical success in Japan , he remained largely unknown to the West until Miramax Films released Princess Mononoke in 1997 . Princess Mononoke was briefly the highest-grossing film in Japan until it was eclipsed by another 1997 film , Titanic , and it became the first animated film to win Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards . Miyazaki 's next film , Spirited Away ( 2001 ) , won Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards , and was the first anime film to win an American Academy Award . Miyazaki 's films often contain recurrent themes , like humanity 's relationship with nature and technology , and the difficulty of maintaining a pacifist ethic . His films ' protagonists are often strong girls or young women . While two of his films , The Castle of Cagliostro and Castle in the Sky , involve traditional villains , his other films like Nausicaä and Princess Mononoke present morally ambiguous antagonists with redeeming qualities . He co-wrote films The Secret World of Arrietty , released in July 2010 in Japan and February 2012 in the United States ; and From Up on Poppy Hill released in July 2011 in Japan and March 2013 in the United States . Miyazaki 's newest film The Wind Rises was released on July 20 , 2013 and screened internationally in February 2014 . The film would go on to earn him his third American Academy Award nomination and first Golden Globe Award nomination . Miyazaki announced on September 1 , 2013 that The Wind Rises would be his final feature-length movie . In November 2014 , Miyazaki was awarded an Honorary Academy Award for his impact on animation and cinema . He is the second Japanese filmmaker to win this award , after Akira Kurosawa in 1990 . In 2002 , American film critic Roger Ebert suggested that Miyazaki may be the best animation filmmaker in history , praising the depth and artistry of his films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3a7ba6858ee603fa3285a48e085c34e", "text": "Early Abstractions Early Abstractions is a collection of seven short animated films created by Harry Everett Smith between 1939 and 1956 . Each film is between two and six minutes long , and is named according to the chronological order in which it was made . The collection includes Numbers 1 -- 5 , 7 , and 10 , while the missing Numbers 8 and 9 are presumed to have been lost . The idea of the numbering was to suggest a coherent link between each individual film , and that they were to be treated not just on their own but as part of a larger body of work . Of the missing chapters , Number 6 was made up of three-dimensional optically printed abstractions ; Number 8 was a black and white collage of clippings taken from nineteenth century ladies wear catalogues and elocution books , and Number 9 was a color collage of biology books and nineteenth century temperance movement | posters . The remaining films show a gradual evolution in Smith 's technical complexity , with blunt abstraction rudimentary motion more prominent in the early shorts , in contrast to an allegoric dance of Tarot cards , and Buddhist and Cabalistic symbols . Initially recorded with no sound , a medley of music by The Beatles was added retrospectively . Because the songs do not exactly sync up with each individual film , some critics have opined that this does not enhance the film , and recommend watching it in silence . In 2006 , Early Abstractions was selected to the National Film Registry by the Librarian of Congress for its `` cultural , historical , or aesthetic significance '' . The Academy Film Archive preserved films 1 , 2 , and 3 of Abstractions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5bbd3fa7ca82f2987f36baaf2300c4d", "text": "Shamus Culhane James `` Shamus '' Culhane ( November 12 , 1908 -- February 2 , 1996 ) was an American animator , film director , and film producer . Culhane worked for a number of American animation studios , including Fleischer Studios , the Ub Iwerks studio , Walt Disney Productions , and the Walter Lantz studio . He began his animation career in 1925 working for J.R. Bray studios , and is known for promoting the animation talents of his inker/assistant at the Fleischer Studios in the early 1930s , Lillian Friedman Astor , making her the first female studio animator . While at the Disney studio , he discovered while working on Hawaiian Holiday '' 's crab sequence an animation method that involved stewing for multiple days , before drawing the entire thing in rough sketches all at once , straight ahead . He was a lead animator on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , animating arguably the most well-known sequence in the film , the animation of the dwarves marching home singing `` Heigh-Ho '' . The scene took Culhane and his assistants six months to complete . During this time he developed his `` High-speed '' technique of animating with quick dashed-off sketches . He also worked as an animator on Pinocchio , where he worked on Honest John and Gideon . However , he was left uncredited on the film . During the production of the film he left Disney to work at Fleischer Studios . While there , he worked as an animator on the films Gulliver 's Travels and Mr. Bug Goes to Town . In 1944 , he collaborated on The Greatest Man in Siam with the layout artist Art Heinemann . In that animation , `` the king of Siam bolts past doorways that are distinctly phallic in shape and peers at another that mimics a vagina . '' Later in his career , Culhane worked briefly in Chuck Jones 's unit at Warner Bros , before moving on to being a director for Lantz , where he helmed Woody Woodpecker 's 1944 classic , The Barber of Seville , the cartoon famous for one of the first uses of fast cutting , after taking the idea from Sergei Eisenstein . At Lantz , he introduced Russian avant-garde influenced experimental art into the cartoons . In the late-1940s , he founded Shamus Culhane Productions ( Culhane had gone by his birthname of James up until this point , before going by its Irish variant Shamus ) , one of the first companies to create animated television commercials . It also produced the animation for at least one of the Bell Telephone Science Series films . Shamus Culhane Productions folded in the 1960s , at which point Culhane became the head of the successor to Fleischer Studios , Paramount Cartoon Studios . He left the studio in 1967 , and went into semi-retirement . Culhane wrote two highly regarded books on animation : the how-to/textbook Animation from Script to Screen , and his autobiography Talking Animals and Other People '' . Since Culhane worked for a number of major Hollywood animation studios , his autobiography gives a balanced general overview of the history of the Golden Age of American Animation . At his death on February 2 , 1996 , Culhane was survived by his fourth wife , the former Juana Hegarty , and by two sons from his third marriage , to Maxine Marx ( the daughter of Chico Marx ) : Brian Culhane of Seattle and Kevin Marx Culhane of Portland , Ore. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fadccb571e7a164e402b1eabbb9b82b", "text": "Odyssey Productions Odyssey Productions ( formerly Odyssey Visual Design ) is the former name of a California-based photography and 3-D computer animation company founded in 1983 by Steven Churchill in partnership with Adrian Turcotte . It was the first San Diego company to produce 3-D computer animation and its clients have included Coca-Cola , General Dynamics , Union Oil , Southwestern Cable , Metrocast , Honda , and a number of TV stations across the country . While Odyssey focused primarily on 35mm back-lit motion graphics and special effects for the first 5 years of its existence , its award-winning release of the world 's first home entertainment video of computer animation , State Of the Art Of Computer Animation in 1988 brought about a shift in focus to 3D computer animation . The accolades and sales successes achieved by State Of the Art Of Computer Animation prompted the 1990 release of The Mind 's Eye : A Computer Animation Odyssey , a title that would become the first member of the successful The Mind 's Eye series . The next decade ( 1990 -- 2000 ) would be taken up almost entirely with the production of 19 feature-length 3-D computer animated package films for home release . The company 's name became Odyssey Productions in 1995 and the last 12 3D computer animated films were released under this name . In 2003 the company again changed its name to AnimationTrip and broadened its focus to encompass photography to a greater extent . Under this new corporate name , the company added a business enterprise in 2004 focused primarily on photographic art and has launched a series of international art exhibitions in San Diego , California called the Art of Photography Show and the Art of Digital Show . Since 2006 , exhibiting photographic art and promoting photo artists has been the full focus of the business . In 2010 the company was named PhotoCulture , Inc. .", "title": "" } ]
fever
044f93698670560490d182a3428aa593
Salman Khan had a role in an action drama.
[ { "docid": "f49a4cf84bf5ec04fc8c704a78e5cd5a", "text": "Karan Arjun Karan Arjun is a 1995 Indian action thriller drama film starring Salman Khan , Shah Rukh Khan , Raakhee , Mamta Kulkarni , Kajol , Amrish Puri , Aashif Sheikh and Ranjeet . The film was directed by Rakesh Roshan and written by Ravi Kapoor and Sachin Bhowmick . Karan Arjun is a mix of an upbeat Bollywood musical , religious overtones and an action movie . The film was the second highest grossing Hindi film of 1995 after Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge which also starred Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "145e6a20f5b90742ff4ff3ac0efbda31", "text": "Salman Khan Abdul Rashid Salim Salman Khan ( -LSB- ; born 27 December 1965 ) , credited as Salman Khan ( pronunciation : -LSB- - hnssəlˈmaːn ˈxaːn -RSB- ) , is an Indian film actor , producer , television personality , singer and philanthropist . In a film career spanning more than twenty five years , Khan has received numerous awards , including two National Film Awards as a producer , and two Filmfare Awards as an actor . Described by the CNN as one of the world 's biggest stars , he has a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide , and is cited in the media as one of the most popular and commercially successful actors of Indian cinema . The son of screenwriter Salim , Khan began his acting career with a supporting role in Biwi Ho To Aisi ( 1988 ) and achieved breakthrough with a leading role in his next releaseSooraj Barjatya 's romance Maine Pyar Kiya ( 1989 ) . Khan went on to establish himself in Bollywood in the 1990s with roles in several top-grossing productions , including the romantic drama Hum Aapke Hain Koun . . ! ( 1994 ) , the action thriller Karan Arjun ( 1995 ) , the comedy Biwi No. 1 ( 1999 ) , and the family drama Hum Saath-Saath Hain ( 1999 ) . For his role in Karan Johar 's romantic drama Kuch Kuch Hota Hai ( 1998 ) , Khan was awarded the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor . After a brief period of decline in the 2000s , Khan achieved greater stardom in the 2010s by playing the lead role in several successful action films , including Dabangg ( 2010 ) , Bodyguard ( 2011 ) , Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , Kick ( 2014 ) , Prem Ratan Dhan Payo ( 2015 ) , Bajrangi Bhaijaan ( 2015 ) and Sultan ( 2016 ) all rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . Ten of the films in which Khan has acted in have accumulated gross earnings of over . He is the only actor to star in the highest-grossing Bollywood films of nine separate years . Khan topped Forbes India charts for 2014 , in terms of both fame and revenues . According to the Forbes 2015 list of ` Celebrity 100 : The World 's Top-Paid Entertainers 2015 ' , Khan was the highest ranked Indian in 71st rank with earnings of $ 33.5 million . In addition to his acting career , Khan is a stage performer and an active humanitarian through his charity non-profit organisation , Being Human . Khan 's off-screen life is marred by controversy and legal troubles . His tumultuous relationship with Aishwarya Rai , his hunting of endangered species , and a negligent driving case in which he ran over five people with his car , killing one , have been extensively covered by the Indian media . For the last of these , Khan was sentenced to five years ' imprisonment in 2015 , but was later acquitted .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "17e92db553be1d1964f791fc5f1041cc", "text": "Shah Behram (film) Shah Behram ( Punjabi : ) is a 1985 Pakistani Punjabi language action film . directed by Kaifee and produced by K. Hussain . Film starring actor Mohammad Ali in the lead role and with Sultan Rahi , Mustafa Qureshi as the villains with Afzaal Ahmad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0e41628256ec0e3ec866f65601a7cd", "text": "List of accolades received by Haider (film) Haider is a 2014 Indian crime-drama film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj , and produced by Bhardwaj and Siddharth Roy Kapur . The film stars Shahid Kapoor as the eponymous protagonist , and co-stars Tabu , Kay Kay Menon , Shraddha Kapoor , and Irrfan Khan . Bhardwaj wrote the dialogues for the film , and co-wrote the screenplay with Basharat Peer . Bhardwaj also composed the music and Gulzar wrote the lyrics . The film is a modern-day adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Hamlet , and tells the story of Haider who searches for his missing father during the Kashmir conflict of 1995 . Produced on a budget of , Haider was released on 2 October 2014 , and grossed worldwide . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , performances of Shahid Kapoor and Tabu , music and production design . As of June 2015 , the film has won 36 awards . At the 62nd National Film Awards , Haider earned five awards , more than any other film at the ceremony , including Best Music Direction and Best Screenplay ( Dialogues ) ( both Bhardwaj ) . Haider also won five awards at the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony , including Best Actor ( Shahid Kapoor ) , Best Supporting Actor ( Menon ) , and Best Supporting Actress ( Tabu ) . It also received nominations for Best Film and Best Director at the ceremony . At the 2015 Screen Awards , Haider received nominations for Best Film and Best Director , and won five awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress . Haider also won nine awards at the 16th ceremony of the International Indian Film Academy Awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9717ebb599f55a1017550bf754b7777c", "text": "Ghaath Ghaath is a 2000 Indian Bollywood crime drama film directed by Akashdeep and produced by Kumar Mohan . The film stars Manoj Bajpayee , Tabu and Om Puri in pivotal roles and actress Raveena Tandon in a special appearance . The film met with positive critical response whereas ended up being an average grosser at the box-office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37a6bd9cd3664b04dd812a239f734b28", "text": "8th IIFA Awards The 2007 IIFA Awards , officially known as the 8th International Indian Film Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the International Indian Film Academy honoured the best films of 2006 and took place between June 7 -- 9 , 2007 . The official ceremony took place on June 9 , 2007 , at the Hallam FM Arena in Sheffield , England . During the ceremony , IIFA Awards were awarded in 29 competitive categories . The ceremony was televised in India and internationally on Star Plus . Actors Boman Irani and Lara Dutta co-hosted the ceremony for the first time . Some other salient events held during this weekend included the IIFA World Premiere , IIFA-BAFTA Film Workshop , FICCI-IIFA Global Business Forum and the IIFA Foundation Celebrity Charity Cricket Match . The tag line of the IIFA 2007 was IIFA 2007 : Yorkshire `` Love At First Sight '' . Rang De Basanti received twenty one nominations out of the total twenty nine and won eleven awards , two of which were popular awards : ( Best Picture , Best Performance In A Supporting Role Female ) Omkara and Lage Raho Munna Bhai won four awards each . Other multiple winners included Krrish with three awards and Dhoom 2 and Fanaa with two each . In addition movies receiving a single awards included , Kabhi Alvida Naa Kehna for ( Best Performance In A Leading Role Female ) , Golmaal : Fun Unlimited for ( Best Performance In A Comic Role ) , 36 China Town for ( Male Debutant Star ) and Gangster for ( Female Debutant Star ) . Rajkumar Hirani and A. R. Rahman each won three awards in the event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8cb78bc1d6b1db891e11bb2acec3776", "text": "Sohail Khan Sohail Khan ( born 20 December 1969 ) is an Indian film actor , director and producer who works predominantly in Hindi cinema . He is the younger brother of actors Salman Khan and Arbaaz Khan . He produces films under his banner Sohail Khan Productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e39d1b0a552a73322538e006cd367246", "text": "Bodyguard (2010 film) Bodyguard is a 2010 Malayalam romantic action comedy film written and directed by Siddique . It stars Dileep and Nayantara in the lead roles . This film was Nayantara 's comeback to Malayalam cinema after a gap of four years , and it is the first time that Dileep had worked with Siddique . Popular choreographer-director Prabhu Deva choreographed the song sequences . The film released on 23 January 2010 . It has been remade into Tamil , Hindi , Kannada and Telugu and was a moderate success . Tamil and Hindi versions were directed by Siddique himself . A Bengali version of the movie is in production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd2eda053f93bf868b4b03e474296c73", "text": "Firasat Firasat is a 2017 's Pashto action and thriller film made by Atta Shah Hoti . The film stars Khursheed Khan , Parveen and Atta Shah Hoti in lead roles . It will release on 25 June 2017 in cinemas under the production banner of ASK Media Production and ESK Studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce7856f13686388344b58b5bbe404103", "text": "Hero (1985 film) Hero is 1985 a Pakistani Urdu colour film starring Waheed Murad , Babra Sharif , Mumtaz , Aslam Pervaiz , Saqi , Adil Murad ( as child star & guest star ) and Nadeem ( as guest star ) . It was produced by Waheed himself and directed by his close friend Iqbal Yousuf . Waheed Murad died leaving this film incomplete . It was later completed by Iqbal Yousuf using ` cheat shot ' techniques and released after two years of Waheed 's death on 11 January 1985 countrywide . In those days , Waheed Murad was in trouble and was being cast in either supporting roles or being offered by ` B-class ' film directors . So he decided to produce his own film and chosen his best friend Iqbal Yousuf as film director . The script and story was written by Waheed himself . Waheed 's expectations were high for this film , as he once said in an interview in Anwar Maqsood 's programme ` Silver Jubilee ' :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02c819a27a1c5fe10b31c58961265f54", "text": "Mujhay Sandal Kar Do Mujhay Sandal Kar Do ( -LSB- ) is a Hum TV drama which began broadcasts on 14 November 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5dcb8a761e7ab8f59f769b21ec74dbb3", "text": "Abdul Matin (actor) Abdul Matin ( 15 February 1980 ) well known as Martin Khan is a Nepali Actor/Costume Designer from Kisangunj , Bihar , India . As an actor , he has started from the music video called Mero Saath sing by hit singer Nabin K Bhattrai in 2001 . As a Costume Designer he started from Nepali Movie called Mero euta Sathi Chha in 2009 . His debut movie was Facebook in the year of 2011 Directed by Suraj Subba `` Nalbo '' . His most successful movie was Kohinoor which is All-time blockbuster at Nepali Film Industry History . He has an executive chairman of Factory Outlet Pvt.Ltd ( Pocket ) and also Managing Director of New OOPSS Pink Girly Traders . Music Video Filmography", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93db1d079f643f52f5f61aa0b0663a61", "text": "Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love Salaam-e-Ishq : A Tribute To Love is a 2007 Bollywood romantic drama anthology film . Directed by Nikhil Advani , it featured an ensemble cast of stars including Salman Khan , Priyanka Chopra , Anil Kapoor , Juhi Chawla , Akshaye Khanna , Ayesha Takia , John Abraham , Vidya Balan , Govinda , Shannon Esra , Sohail Khan and Isha Koppikar in lead roles . It is an unofficial remake of 2003 British film , Love Actually . The movie weaves six love stories together thanks to the relationships of the people within it . The film was Advani 's second directorial venture after Kal Ho Naa Ho . The shooting for the film begun in 2004 and was finished by 2006 . The movie released on 26 January 2007 . The film met with negative reviews from critics and recorded as disaster at the box-office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaf4f8016582fb872b92e632a7e960e9", "text": "PK (film) PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film . The film was directed by Rajkumar Hirani , produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra , and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi . The film stars Aamir Khan in the title role with Anushka Sharma , Sushant Singh Rajput , Boman Irani , Saurabh Shukla , and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles . It tells the story of an alien who comes to Earth on a research mission . He befriends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions . The film received positive reviews and emerged as the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time , and ranks as the 70th highest-grossing film of 2014 worldwide . The film has been regarded as one of the best Hindi films of 2014 . It is currently the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time only behind Baahubali 2 : The Conclusion and Dangal ( film ) . PK is the first Indian film to gross 7 billion worldwide . It is also the first Indian film to gross US$ 100 million ( Rs 630 crore ) worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edbc148a091f089a070fdc3f10574916", "text": "Aegan Aegan is a 2008 Tamil action film directed and co-written by Raju Sundaram and produced by Ayngaran International based on the 2004 Shahrukh Khan starrer Main Hoon Na . It stars Ajith Kumar , Nayantara , Suman , Jayaram , Navdeep and Piaa Bajpai . The film opened to Indian audiences on 25 October 2008 , coinciding with the Diwali season . The film , upon release received mixed reviews and was hit at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672", "text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f11f882d5477788f97982675abe7b25f", "text": "Abdullah (film) Abdullah is a 1980 Indian Bollywood film that was directed by Sanjay Khan . The film starred Raj Kapoor , Sanjay Khan , Zeenat Aman and Danny Denzongpa , with Sanjeev Kumar and Farida Jalal in minor roles . The story was written by George Marzbetuny , and Kader Khan wrote the dialogues . The film 's performance at the box office was deemed below average .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ac29789092135fa2356ec4323253db5", "text": "Khel Toh Ab Shuru Hoga Khel Toh Ab Shuru Hoga is a 2016 Bollywood action film directed by Kunal Singh and produced by Mahesh Narula . The film 's story is about a bank robbery in which actor Ruslaan Mumtaz plays the role of a bank security guard , who ultimately robs the bank . The film was released on 13 May 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62c37354768c1f004036f27a26307df4", "text": "Jaagruti Jaagruti is an Indian Bollywood film directed by Suresh Krissna , released on 3 July 1992 . The film stars Salman Khan and Karisma Kapoor in lead roles . The movie was produced by Stunt Director Raam Shetty under the name of S. R. Shetty", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f", "text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77dade84eeae50d93a8de2a8bc663ecd", "text": "Kachche Dhaage Kachche Dhaage is a 1999 Hindi action thriller film directed by Milan Luthria and starring Ajay Devgan , Saif Ali Khan and Manisha Koirala . The film features Devgan as a smuggler , delivering goods across the Rajasthan-Pakistan border , was filmed in the deserts of Rajasthan and in Switzerland . It premiered on 10 February 1999 in Mumbai . A film under the same title , Kuchhe Dhaage ( spelling variation ) was originally released in 1973 , directed by Raj Khosla and starred Vinod Khanna , Moushumi Chatterjee and Kabir Bedi . The film also has similarities with Jackie Chan 's 1987 film Armour of God .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf1260c8d0e9ec6a7f81b82d5795458", "text": "Kill Dil Kill Dil ( English : Kill Heart , stylized as : Kill/Dil ) is a 2014 Indian romantic action comedy film directed by Shaad Ali and produced by Aditya Chopra under the Yash Raj Films banner . The film stars Ranveer Singh , Ali Zafar and Parineeti Chopra in lead roles , with Govinda portraying the antagonist . The film was released on 14 November 2014 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
52a36fbe051851eade4e4ae53a475e6e
Mel Gibson took a hiatus from directing.
[ { "docid": "947e023ea3782c503b93139b72681463", "text": "Mel Gibson Mel Colmcille Gerard Gibson ( born January 3 , 1956 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He was born in Peekskill , New York , and moved with his parents to Sydney , Australia , when he was 12 years old . Gibson is best known as an action hero , for roles such as Martin Riggs in the Lethal Weapon buddy cop film series , and Max Rockatansky in the first three films in the Mad Max post-apocalyptic action series . He studied acting at the Australian National Institute of Dramatic Art . During the 1980s , he founded Icon Entertainment , a production company which independent film director Atom Egoyan has called , `` an alternative to the studio system '' . Director Peter Weir cast him as one of the leads in the critically acclaimed World War I drama Gallipoli ( 1981 ) , which earned Gibson a Best Actor Award from the Australian Film Institute . The film also helped to earn Gibson the reputation of a serious , versatile actor . Gibson produced , directed , and starred in the epic historical drama film Braveheart ( 1995 ) , for which he won the Golden Globe Award and Academy Award for Best Director , along with the Academy Award for Best Picture . He later directed and produced the financially successful and controversial , biblical drama film The Passion of the Christ ( 2004 ) . He received further critical notice for his directorial work of the action-adventure film Apocalypto ( 2006 ) , which is set in Mesoamerica during the early 16th century . After a 10-year hiatus from directing , Gibson returned with the critically praised and financially successful Hacksaw Ridge ( 2016 ) , which won the Academy Awards for Best Sound Mixing and Best Film Editing and earned Gibson his second nomination for Best Director .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b0a90a8091544d19da107a9f831c026", "text": "Mel Ferrer Melchor Gastón Ferrer ( August 25 , 1917 -- June 2 , 2008 ) was an American actor , film director , and film producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4cf65c4ac49041cf7e8cd16fbc7d4b8", "text": "Martin Riggs Martin Riggs is a fictional character from the Lethal Weapon franchise . He is played in all four films by Mel Gibson . On March 10 , 2016 , it was announced that Riggs would be played by Clayne Crawford in the pilot for the new Fox Television drama series . Originally a member of the Los Angeles Police Department 's Narcotics Division , upon being reassigned to the Homicide Division , he is partnered up with aging sergeant Roger Murtaugh . Riggs and Murtaugh remain partners throughout the film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d99ca7e631d2ccbc81efde67357bff3", "text": "Star Trek VI: The Undiscovered Country Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country is a 1991 American science fiction film released by Paramount Pictures . It is the sixth feature film based on Star Trek , and a sequel to the 1966 -- 1969 Star Trek television series . Taking place after the events of Star Trek V : The Final Frontier , it is the last film featuring the entire cast of the original series . After the destruction of the Klingon moon Praxis leads the Klingon Empire to pursue peace with their long-time adversary the Federation , the crew of the USS Enterprise must race against unseen conspirators with a militaristic agenda . The sixth film in the series was initially planned as a prequel to the original series , with younger actors portraying the crew of the Enterprise while attending Starfleet Academy , but the idea was discarded because of negative reaction from the original cast and the fans . Faced with producing a new film in time for Star Trek 's 25th anniversary , Nicholas Meyer , the director of Star Trek II : The Wrath of Khan , and Denny Martin Flinn wrote a script based on a suggestion from Leonard Nimoy about what would happen if `` the Wall came down in space '' , touching on the contemporary events of the Cold War . Principal photography took place between April and September 1991 . The production budget was smaller than anticipated because of the critical and commercial disappointment of The Final Frontier . Because of a lack of sound stage space on the Paramount lot , many scenes were filmed around Hollywood . Meyer and cinematographer Hiro Narita aimed for a darker and more dramatic mood , subtly altering sets originally used for the television series Star Trek : The Next Generation . Producer Steven-Charles Jaffe led a second unit that filmed on an Alaskan glacier that stood in for a Klingon gulag . Cliff Eidelman produced the film 's score , which is intentionally darker than previous Star Trek offerings . The film was released in North America on December 6 , 1991 . The Undiscovered Country garnered positive reviews , with publications praising the lighthearted acting and facetious references . The film performed strongly at the box office . It posted the largest opening weekend gross of the series before going on to earn $ 96,888,996 worldwide . The film earned two Academy Award nominations , for Best Makeup and Best Sound Effects , and is the only Star Trek movie to win the Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film . A special collectors ' edition DVD version of the film was released in 2004 , to which Meyer had made minor alterations . Star Trek creator Gene Roddenberry died shortly before the movie 's premiere , just days after viewing the film . The film marked the final appearance together of the original series ' cast .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b", "text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26137a106c25d58764720e06d5b9bcf8", "text": "William Gibson (playwright) William Gibson ( November 13 , 1914 -- November 25 , 2008 ) was an American playwright and novelist . He won the Tony Award for Best Play for The Miracle Worker in 1959 , which he later adapted for the film version in 1962 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93acd151d44d7e51ce7acd9f5d23e30d", "text": "Alan Greenberg (film director) Alan Greenberg ( born October 14 , 1950 in New York City , died January 27 , 2015 in Portland , OR ) was an American film director , screenwriter , photographer and author . Greenberg visited Jamaica from a young age , and was a friend of Bob Marley . Following Marley 's death , Marley 's family asked Greenberg to make a film about Marley . In 1981 , Greenberg filmed Land of Look Behind ( 1982 ) , a documentary film that includes footage of Marley 's funeral as well as scenes filmed in Jamaica 's remote Cockpit Country and the capital city of Kingston . The film ended up being more of a visionary portrait of the Jamaica of that period ( focusing on the Rastafari movement and reggae culture ) than a film primarily about Marley . The film has won considerable critical acclaim , as well as winning the Gold Hugo Award for Best Documentary in the Chicago International Film Festival , the U.S. 's largest film competition . Land of Look Behind has also been honored as the best American documentary film of its era , and the legendary filmmaker Werner Herzog says '' ` Land of Look Behind ' has achieved things never seen before in cinema . '' Greenberg worked closely with Werner Herzog on many projects . He served as a special unit photographer on the films Cape Fear '' by Martin Scorsese ( 1991 ) and 1900 , by Bernardo Bertolucci ( 1976 ) . He also wrote twenty screenplays and three books . His book Heart of Glass , about the making of the 1976 Werner Herzog masterwork of the same name , was called `` The best book on the making of a film ever written '' by Rolling Stone magazine . A new and entirely revised edition of the book , entitled , `` EVERY NIGHT THE TREES DISAPPEAR : Werner Herzog and the Making of ` Heart of Glass ' '' was published in hard cover by the Chicago Review Press . It featured Greenberg 's previously-unpublished photographs , which Herzog called `` strange and beautiful . '' '' In 2012 Greenberg was going to write and produce a film based on his acclaimed screenplay `` Love in Vain '' , a poetic account of the mysterious blues genius Robert Johnson . `` Love in Vain '' was also the first screenplay ever published by a major house ( Doubleday ) as literature . Greenberg 's latest screenplay , `` Tutankhamun - Lord of Two Lands '' , a radically researched vision of the Boy King 's murder intertwined with the intrigue surrounding his tomb 's discovery in 1922 , was to have been produced in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a79a39bf49b6c12b949c5d434f3f642", "text": "Alan Smithee Alan Smithee ( also Allen Smithee ) is an official pseudonym used by film directors who wish to disown a project . Coined in 1968 and used until it was formally discontinued in 2000 , it was the sole pseudonym used by members of the Directors Guild of America ( DGA ) when a director , dissatisfied with the final product , proved to the satisfaction of a guild panel that he or she had not been able to exercise creative control over a film . The director was also required by guild rules not to discuss the circumstances leading to the move or even to acknowledge being the project 's director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd3f23fab47ec890e3f2c11ce47ef404", "text": "Let 'er Buck Let ` er Buck is a lost 1925 silent film western directed by Edward Sedwick and starring Hoot Gibson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0", "text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "572b4d1165e700bbe47e568a64685ef6", "text": "William Gibson William Ford Gibson ( born March 17 , 1948 ) is an American-Canadian speculative fiction writer and essayist widely credited with pioneering the science fiction subgenre known as cyberpunk . Beginning his writing career in the late 1970s , his early works were noir , near-future stories that explored the effects of technology , cybernetics , and computer networks on humans -- a `` combination of lowlife and high tech '' -- and helped to create an iconography for the information age before the ubiquity of the Internet in the 1990s . Gibson notably coined the term `` cyberspace '' in his short story `` Burning Chrome '' ( 1982 ) and later popularized the concept in his acclaimed debut novel Neuromancer ( 1984 ) . These early works have been credited with `` renovating '' science fiction literature after it had fallen largely into insignificance in the 1970s . After expanding on Neuromancer with two more novels to complete the dystopic Sprawl trilogy , Gibson collaborated with Bruce Sterling on the alternate history novel The Difference Engine ( 1990 ) , which became an important work of the science fiction subgenre steampunk . In the 1990s , Gibson composed the Bridge trilogy of novels , which explored the sociological developments of near-future urban environments , postindustrial society , and late capitalism . Following the turn of the century and the events of 9/11 , Gibson emerged with a string of increasingly realist novels -- Pattern Recognition ( 2003 ) , Spook Country ( 2007 ) , and Zero History ( 2010 ) -- set in a roughly contemporary world . These works saw his name reach mainstream bestseller lists for the first time . His more recent novel , The Peripheral ( 2014 ) , returned to a more overt engagement with technology and recognizable science fiction concerns . In 1999 , The Guardian described Gibson as `` probably the most important novelist of the past two decades , '' while the Sydney Morning Herald called him the `` noir prophet '' of cyberpunk . Throughout his career , Gibson has written more than 20 short stories and 10 critically acclaimed novels ( one in collaboration ) , contributed articles to several major publications , and collaborated extensively with performance artists , filmmakers , and musicians . His work has been cited as an influence across a variety of disciplines spanning academia , design , film , literature , music , cyberculture , and technology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fd89f3236aea7eeabc22133ebee7c92", "text": "Hoot Gibson Hoot Gibson ( August 6 , 1892 -- August 23 , 1962 ) was an American rodeo champion and a pioneer cowboy film actor , director , and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e79b3bc13a080c8c3c5588baf8f40d6", "text": "Bruce Davey Bruce Davey is an Australian film producer . A partner in Icon Entertainment alongside Mel Gibson , Sydney-born Davey has produced many films including Apocalypto , The Passion of the Christ , Push , and Braveheart for which he won an Academy Award . Davey began as Gibson 's CPA after being recommended by Gibson 's running coach in Gallipoli . After becoming Gibson 's business manager , the two men founded Icon Productions in 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "190741a409db6398cf676c812270236a", "text": "Paparazzi (2004 film) Paparazzi is a 2004 American action film directed by Paul Abascal , produced by actor Mel Gibson , and starring Cole Hauser . The film chronicles the life of a popular Hollywood film star in the aftermath of a car crash caused by four paparazzo tabloid photographers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf", "text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6cbdb82dc427c6db7c9a2db6dc9b015", "text": "Payback (1999 film) Payback is a 1999 American neo-noir crime film written and directed by Brian Helgeland in his directorial debut , and starring Mel Gibson , Gregg Henry , Maria Bello and David Paymer . It was based on the novel The Hunter by Donald E. Westlake using the pseudonym Richard Stark , which had earlier been adapted into the 1967 film noir classic Point Blank , directed by John Boorman and starring Lee Marvin . In 2006 Helgeland issued a director 's cut that differs substantially from the version released by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b", "text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d75fba1f049d1b2b4c5f18e04dbeae3b", "text": "The Satanic Rites of Dracula The Satanic Rites of Dracula is a 1973 horror film directed by Alan Gibson and produced by Hammer Film Productions . It is the eighth film in Hammer 's Dracula series , and the seventh and final one to feature Christopher Lee as Dracula . The film was also the third to unite Peter Cushing as Van Helsing with Lee , following Dracula ( 1958 ) and Dracula A.D. 1972 ( 1972 ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c298c35faf05f18256e3a8ddf0360608
The Twilight series's is a young adult vampire romance series, the first book of which is called Twilight.
[ { "docid": "ceb792868ff2d18b628d840555ed537b", "text": "Twilight (Meyer novel) Twilight ( stylized as twilight ) ( 2005 ) is a young adult vampire-romance novel by author Stephenie Meyer . It is the first book in the Twilight series , and introduces seventeen-year-old Isabella `` Bella '' Swan , who moves from Phoenix , Arizona to Forks , Washington . She is endangered after falling in love with Edward Cullen , a vampire . Additional novels in the series are New Moon , Eclipse , and Breaking Dawn . Twilight received lukewarm reviews . Some praised the novel 's tone and its portrayal of common teenage emotions such as alienation and rebellion . Others criticized Meyer 's prose and argued the story was lacking in character development . It reached number five on the New York Times bestseller list within a month of its release and eventually reached first place . The novel was named one of Publishers Weekly 's Best Children 's Books of 2005 . The film adaptation , released in 2008 , was a commercial success , grossing more than $ 392 million worldwide and making an additional $ 157 million in North American DVD sales as of July 2009 . The book was the biggest-selling of 2008 ; in 2009 , it was the second-biggest selling , losing only to its sequel New Moon . As of 2008 , Twilight has been translated into 37 different languages . In October 2015 , Stephanie Meyer announced a new gender-swapped version of the novel , entitled Life and Death : Twilight Reimagined , with characters Beau and Edythe , in honor of the 10th anniversary of the Twilight saga .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65f71e914a1e3e316c82150bae852304", "text": "Twilight (novel series) Twilight is a series of four vampire-themed fantasy romance novels by American author Stephenie Meyer . Released annually from 2005 through 2008 , the four books chart the later teen years of Isabella `` Bella '' Swan , a girl who moves to Forks , Washington , and falls in love with a 104-year-old vampire named Edward Cullen . The series is told primarily from Bella 's point of view , with the epilogue of Eclipse and Part II of Breaking Dawn being told from the viewpoint of character Jacob Black , a werewolf . The unpublished Midnight Sun is a retelling of the first book , Twilight , from Edward Cullen 's point of view . The novella The Short Second Life of Bree Tanner , which tells the story of a newborn vampire who appeared in Eclipse , was published on June 5 , 2010 , as a hardcover book and on June 7 as a free online ebook . The Twilight Saga : The Official Illustrated Guide , a definitive encyclopedic reference with nearly 100 full color illustrations , was released in bookstores on April 12 , 2011 . Since the release of the first novel , Twilight , in 2005 , the books have gained immense popularity and commercial success around the world . The series is most popular among young adults ; the four books have won multiple awards , most notably the 2008 British Book Award for `` Children 's Book of the Year '' for Breaking Dawn , while the series as a whole won the 2009 Kids ' Choice Award for Favorite Book . In November 2011 , the series had sold over 120 million copies worldwide with translations into at least 38 different languages around the globe . The four Twilight books have consecutively set records as the biggest selling novels of 2008 on the USA Today Best-Selling Books list and have spent over 235 weeks on the New York Times Best Seller list for Children 's Series Books . The books have been made into The Twilight Saga '' series of motion pictures by Summit Entertainment . The film adaptations of the first three books were released in 2008 , 2009 , and 2010 respectively . The fourth book is adapted into two full-length films -- the first film being released in November 2011 , and the second film in November 2012 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "32ebac9f97d6b5f9fb8bea39f9d9d168", "text": "Anthony Monday (series) Anthony Monday is a fictional 14-year-old American boy featured in a series of four children 's gothic horror novels by John Bellairs that were published from 1978 to 1992 . Anthony and his friends generally overcome evil forces bent on ending the world . Alternatively , Anthony Monday is the book series , as in ISFDB ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "268bd016155596360f01ca2eab67d9a1", "text": "Obsidian Fate Obsidian Fate is an original novel based on the U.S. television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a43228f6c3fdf44eddec1ea3083f9c1", "text": "The Dangerous Book for Boys The Dangerous Book for Boys , by Conn and Hal Iggulden , is a guidebook published by HarperCollins , aimed at boys `` from eight to eighty . '' It covers around eighty topics , including how to build a treehouse , grow a crystal , or tell direction with a watch . Also included are famous quotes , stories , battles , and phrases that `` every boy should know . '' It was published in the UK in June 2006 , and reached number one in the UK non-fiction charts several times , selling over half a million copies . Conn Iggulden also published a novel , Wolf of the Plains , about Genghis Khan , which , along with The Dangerous Book for Boys , allowed Iggulden to be the first author to reach the number one spot in both the fiction and non-fiction charts . Within the first week of its US publication on 1 May 2007 , it reached number two on the Amazon.com best-selling book lists , being outsold only by Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows . Other people who contributed to the success of the book include the editorial team at the time , which consisted of Katie Espiner and Clare Hey , and Helen Johnstone , who won the 2007 British Book Industry Award for best publicity campaign .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc86160a77d6c83d5cdcd81b6898bb1c", "text": "The Twilight Reign The Twilight Reign is a five-book series written by Tom Lloyd . The five books in order are : The Stormcaller , The Twilight Herald , The Grave Thief , The Ragged Man , and The Dusk Watchman It follows the fight against the shadow Azaer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbdcf07107cb4c182f318c2d1e1da048", "text": "Frostbite (Mead novel) Frostbite is a vampire novel written by Richelle Mead . It is the second novel in the # 1 New York Times bestselling series , Vampire Academy . Frostbite continues the story of the main character , Rose Hathaway including her bond with Princess Vasilisa `` Lissa '' Dragomir , her budding romance with her instructor Dimitri Belikov , and her education in becoming a Guardian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ed204668e58ab78253dcb4552d83f3d", "text": "The Twilight Sad (EP) The Twilight Sad is the debut EP by The Twilight Sad , released on 14 November 2006 on Fat Cat Records . The EP was only released on CD in the United States . Regarding its US-only release , former bassist Craig Orzel stated that `` the American side of Fat Cat wanted a release to announce our arrival , so they got that . I think the UK side were , initially , more interested in albums than EPs . '' The EP was mixed by composer and Fat Cat labelmate Max Richter . `` That Summer , at Home I Had Become the Invisible Boy '' , `` Last Year 's Rain Did n't Fall Quite So Hard '' , and `` And She Would Darken the Memory '' also appear on the band 's debut album , Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters , which followed the EP in April 2007 . The EP garnered warm critical reception , with independent music website Delusions of Adequacy praising `` the cathartic racket '' of the songs as `` uplifting and expansive , on the verge of overwhelming with sound , sweeping the listener away from the harsh , earth-bound lyrics and delivery '' and hailing the EP as `` a bracing distillation of what The Twilight Sad does best , marrying spare to expansive sonics with bitter , sharp , sometimes enigmatic lyrics and a powerful , emotional sing-talking delivery by James Graham , as skeletons are rattled in the old family closet . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee9ecb3b21e407d5b213cbf0f9d91c36", "text": "Nightmares (novel series) Nightmares was a novel series of young adult horror fiction that began in 1992 and published until 1996 , running alongside other well-known young adult horror series such as Point Horror and Fear Street . The series was published by HarperCollins ( UK ) under their `` Lions '' imprint , and these books are often listed under either as publisher . Many of these books were published in other formats , either before or after their appearance in this series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c41bf4057141d1f2ff911fa93423668", "text": "Vampire Academy Vampire Academy is an American best-selling series of six young adult paranormal romance novels by author Richelle Mead . It tells the story of Rosemarie `` Rose '' Hathaway , a seventeen/eighteen-year-old Dhampir girl , who is training to be a guardian of her Moroi best friend , Vasilisa `` Lissa '' Dragomir . In the process of learning how to defeat Strigoi ( the evil undead vampires ) in St. Vladimir 's Academy , Rose finds herself caught in a forbidden romance with her instructor , Dimitri Belikov , while having an unbreakable psychic bond with Lissa . The first book in the series , Vampire Academy , was published in 2007 ; it was followed by Frostbite in 2008 . The third book in the series , Shadow Kiss was published also in 2008 , and the fourth book , Blood Promise , was published in 2009 . The fifth book , Spirit Bound , and the sixth book , Last Sacrifice , were released in 2010 . As of 2013 , the series has sold 8 million copies in 35 countries . The first in the series was adapted into a movie directed by Mark Waters , starring Zoey Deutch , Lucy Fry , Danila Kozlovsky , Olga Kurylenko , Gabriel Byrne and was released by The Weinstein Company on February 7 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "557a9ae9b28ecf2fa4111a32ae79f24e", "text": "Throne of Glass Throne of Glass is a young adult high fantasy novel series by American author Sarah J. Maas , beginning with the inaugural entry of the same name . The story follows the journey of Celaena Sardothien , a teenage assassin in a corrupted kingdom with a tyrannical ruler . As the tale progresses , Celaena forms unexpected bonds and uncovers a conspiracy amidst her adventures . The series has appeared on the New York Times Best Seller list . It has been optioned for a TV series by Mark Gordon and will premiere on Hulu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb9cf31c0e69e171b71e4e02eb291a44", "text": "Twilight (New God) Twilight is a fictional character from the DC Comics series Supergirl . She first appeared in Supergirl # 15 , 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d82b47c2a9cea2d0a6677a8bc251f7b8", "text": "Fledgling (novel) Fledgling is a science fiction vampire novel by American writer Octavia E. Butler , published in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82073e0c36880eae78becb227efa692b", "text": "Vampire (2011 film) Vampire is a 2011 dramatic horror-thriller film that was directed and written by Shunji Iwai . It was first released on January 22 , 2011 at the Sundance Film Festival and is the first film he has directed in English . The movie stars Kevin Zegers as a teacher who believes himself to be a blood-drinking vampire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6118eb329a4c18673bceccd926a5e4f", "text": "Into the Wild (novel) Into the Wild is a children 's fantasy novel written by Erin Hunter after concepts and outlines created and developed by Victoria Holmes . The novel was published by HarperCollins in Canada and the United States in January 2003 , and in the United Kingdom in February 2003 . It is the first novel in the Warriors series . The book has been published in paperback , and e-book formats in twenty different languages . The story is about a young domestic cat named Rusty who leaves his human owners to join a group of forest-dwelling feral cats called ThunderClan , adopting a new name : Firepaw . He is trained to defend and hunt for the Clan , becomes embroiled in a murder and betrayal within the Clan , and , at the end of the book , receives his warrior name , Fireheart , after a battle with another Clan . The novel is written from the perspective of Fireheart ( previously known as Rusty for a short time , then , for most of the book , Firepaw ) . The series began in 2003 when HarperCollins requested Holmes to write a book on feral cats . After creating one storyline Holmes brought in Kate Cary to finish writing the book as Holmes went behind the scenes to edit and supervise the details . Holmes has compared the style of the book to a different language as the books are written by three separate authors . She feels that Erin Hunter must have a consistent voice the entire series . The story uses a lexicon with words such as `` twoleg '' substituted for `` human '' or `` new-leaf '' for `` spring '' . The style has been compared to the Harry Potter series , J.R.R. Tolkien and Brian Jacques . Themes include family , loyalty , death , courage , and survival . Into the Wild was critically well received . Booklist believed the book would appeal to followers of Brian Jacques ' Redwall series . Among other awards , it claimed third place in the 2006 Young Reader 's Choice Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3033019dce27594f52fe0e3f152c6298", "text": "Twilight Twilight is the illumination of the Earth 's lower atmosphere when the Sun itself is not directly visible because it is below the horizon . Twilight is produced by sunlight scattering in the upper atmosphere , illuminating the lower atmosphere so that the surface of the Earth is neither completely lit nor completely dark . The word twilight is also used to denote the periods of time when this illumination occurs . The further the Sun is below the horizon , the dimmer the twilight ( other things such as atmospheric conditions being equal ) . When the Sun reaches 18 degrees below the horizon , the twilight 's brightness is nearly zero , and evening twilight becomes nighttime . When the Sun again reaches 18 degrees below the horizon , nighttime becomes morning twilight . Owing to its distinctive quality , primarily the absence of shadows and the appearance of objects silhouetted against the bright sky , twilight has long been popular with photographers , who refer to it as ` sweet light ' , and painters , who refer to it as the blue hour , after the French expression , l'heure bleue . Twilight should not be confused with auroras , which can have a similar appearance in the night sky at high latitudes . By analogy with evening twilight , the word twilight is also sometimes used metaphorically , to imply that something is losing strength and approaching its end . For example , very old people may be said to be `` in the twilight of their lives '' . The collateral adjective for twilight is crepuscular which is sometimes applied to insects , fish , and mammals that are most active during that time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e710eacf95619fa95081e26d56a8075d", "text": "Inheritance Cycle The Inheritance Cycle is a young adult tetralogy of epic fantasy novels written by American author Christopher Paolini . Set in the fictional world of Alagaësia ( -LSB- æləˈɡeɪziə -RSB- ) , the novels focus on the adventures of a teenage boy named Eragon and his dragon , Saphira , as they struggle to overthrow the evil king Galbatorix . The series was originally intended to be a trilogy ( named the `` Inheritance Trilogy '' ) until Paolini announced on October 30 , 2007 , while working on the third novel , that he believed the story was too complex to conclude in just three books . The book series as a whole received mostly mixed to negative reviews by critics , but has gained both popularity and commercial success . The first book in the series , Eragon , was originally self-published by Paolini in 2001 , and subsequently re-published by Alfred A. Knopf Books for Young Readers on June 25 , 2003 . The second book in the series , Eldest , was published by Knopf on August 23 , 2005 . Both were New York Times bestsellers . The third book in the series , Brisingr , was published by Knopf on September 20 , 2008 . The fourth and final book in the series , Inheritance , was published by Knopf on November 8 , 2011 . The series has sold 33.5 million copies worldwide . In 2006 , a feature film was released based on the first book in the cycle , Eragon , starring Ed Speleers , Jeremy Irons , John Malkovich and Djimon Hounsou . The film received generally negative reviews and closed as the 13th highest grossing fantasy-live action film within the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a56a3c461b7a3b4b7b27c6e3f0cb2c50", "text": "Edward Cullen (disambiguation) Edward Cullen is one of the main characters of the Twilight book series and film . Edward Cullen is also the name of : Ed Cullen ( born 1946 ) , features writer for the Baton Rouge Morning Advocate Edward Peter Cullen ( born 1933 ) , Roman Catholic bishop Edward Luttrell Cullen ( 1895 -- 1963 ) , New Zealand politician Murder victim in the Law & Order episode , The Wages of Love", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33e89c04a0cd708e446aec22ca15e04d", "text": "Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers : A History of Lesbian Life in Twentieth-Century America is a non-fiction book by Lillian Faderman chronicling lesbian life in the 20th century . In 1992 , it won the Stonewall Book Award for non-fiction and was selected as the `` Editor 's Choice '' at the Lambda Literary Awards . In September 2011 , Ms. magazine ranked the book 99th on its list of the top 100 feminist non-fiction books . The book describes lesbian history as a pattern of alternately tolerant and intolerant decades for American lesbians between 1900 and 1960 , as well as the improvements and adverse developments that the author perceives to have taken place since the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4deb4e37bcd4195a0c3c2a8a9d801256", "text": "Gossip Girl (season 1) The first season of Gossip Girl , an American teen drama based upon the book series by Cecily von Ziegesar . Developed for television by Josh Schwartz and Stephanie Savage . Airing on The CW from September 19 , 2007 till May 19 , 2008 with 18 episodes . It tells the story of Serena van der Woodsen 's return to Manhattan 's Upper East Side in New York City following her mysterious disappearance to boarding school in Connecticut , while being watched by gossip website Gossip Girl . The first thirteen episodes of Gossip Girl aired in the U.S. on Wednesdays at 9:00 p.m. on The CW , a terrestrial television network . With the exception of the twelfth episode `` School Lies , '' the first thirteen episodes aired on CTV Television Network one day prior to their US airdate . Following the 100-day writers strike , the remainder of the season aired on Mondays at 8:00 p.m. . The season was released on DVD as a five disc boxed set under the title of Gossip Girl : The Complete First Season on August 19 , 2008 by Warner Home Video . The pilot episode was made available as a free download registered users of the U.S. iTunes Store prior to its premiere on television . Following episodes became available to purchase following their original airing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6d0d2b7726f3f1f34c679f08d790117", "text": "Book of Shadows A Book of Shadows is a book containing religious texts and instructions for magical rituals found within the Neopagan religion of Wicca.Throughout the centuries many practicing witches would account their knowledge in their Book Of Shadows , however once witches were threatened by the prospect of being executed many , wisely , stopped and destroyed their BoS in order to stay safe and alive . However there are still several books that have managed to survived through history . One famous Book of Shadows was created by the pioneering Wiccan Gerald Gardner sometime in the late 1940s or early 1950s , and which he utilised first in his Bricket Wood coven and then in other covens which he founded in following decades . The Book of Shadows is also used by other Wiccan traditions , such as Alexandrianism and Mohsianism , and with the rise of books teaching people how to begin following Wicca in the 1970s onward , the idea of the Book of Shadows was then further propagated amongst solitary practitioners unconnected to earlier traditions . Initially , when Wicca was still dominated by covens , `` only one copy -LSB- of the Book -RSB- existed for an entire coven , kept by the high priestess or high priest . That rule has proved unfeasible , and it is -LSB- now -RSB- commonplace for all Witches to have their own copies . '' In the various traditions that make up British Traditional Wicca , copies of the original Book composed by Gerald Gardner with the aid of his High Priestess Doreen Valiente , along with alterations and additions that have been made since then , is followed by adherents . They have tried to keep the contents of this Book a secret , although it has been published on a number of occasions by figures such as Charles Cardell , Lady Sheba , and Janet and Stewart Farrar . In other Wiccan traditions and amongst a number of solitary practitioners , alternate versions of the Book have been written that are independent of Gardner 's original . Numerous associations and traditions have since grown up around the Book of Shadows . Traditionally , `` a Witch 's book of shadows is destroyed upon death . '' The concept of the Book of Shadows has subsequently appeared in popular culture , for instance being utilised in the American television series Charmed and providing the title of films , musical albums and comics . However , in all these cases it was taken out of its original Wiccan context .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba5d6d655c3ebd38969c0c2c3dd0a8d0", "text": "Bloodlines (Mead novel) Bloodlines is the first book in the spin-off series of the Vampire Academy series by American author Richelle Mead . It follows the story of narrator Sydney Sage , the alchemist who helped Rose in Blood Promise , Spirit Bound and Last Sacrifice . The book was released on August 23 , 2011 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
cc8f05b04f2c6b93bc199b89c1b29271
Larry Junstrom is a bassist in a rock band.
[ { "docid": "355b42dc0231c8cefab3a26e5fd80f8c", "text": "Larry Junstrom Lawrence E. `` Larry '' Junstrom ( born June 22 , 1949 ) is an American bassist , best known for having been in rock band 38 Special from 1977 until 2014 . He was also one of the founding members of the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "95977478bc1831674051abd104c9f782", "text": "Alabama 3 Alabama 3 are a British band mixing rock , electronic , blues , country , gospel , and spoken word styles , founded in Brixton , London in 1995 . In the United States , the band is known as A3 , allegedly to avoid any possible legal conflict with the country music band Alabama . The group achieved success when the producers of hit TV series The Sopranos chose the track `` Woke Up This Morning '' for the show 's opening credits . The band is notable for their fusion of styles , ironic lyrics , intentionally humorous personae , and outrageous live performances . Every member of the group has an alias , the band 's founding members adopting the personas Larry Love ( Rob Spragg ) and The Very Reverend Dr. D. Wayne Love ( Jake Black ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4d044f75d7c7b0584269554878ecc29", "text": "Legs Diamond (band) Legs Diamond is an American rock band that has often been called `` The American Deep Purple '' . They formed in Los Angeles , California starting with Michael `` Diamond '' Gargano ( bass ) and Jeff Poole ( drums ) . The group released their self-titled debut album for Mercury Records in 1977 . The original band broke up in 1980 after three popular albums , but reformed in 1984 after their original albums had begun to acquire a cult following . The new lineup released several more albums and continued to perform throughout the 1990s and 2000s . In 2005 , original frontman Rick Sanford was replaced by ex-Montrose and Wild Horses vocalist John Levesque , and the band released their latest album , `` Diamonds Are Forever '' , in 2006 . Original members include Roger Romeo ( guitar ) , Michael Prince ( keyboards/rhythm guitar ) , and Jeff Poole ( percussion ) . The band still does the occasional gig in the Los Angeles area and at least once a year in San Antonio , TX where they are still hugely popular , the result of being a favorite of influential disc jockey Joe `` the Godfather '' Anthony ( 1940-1992 ) . Keyboardist Michael Prince is active in studio recording , in Los Angeles , working with some better known R+B and Pop Acts , including Beyoncé , Chris Brown , Usher , Los Lobos and Michael Jackson . Guitarist Roger Romeo is also currently working in a new band called the Funkin Maniacs . Power drummer Jon Hyde ( Detective ) and NS Stick and bassist Gary Jibilian round out the trio . They are recording a new CD slated for release early 2012 . As of 2011 , the band was working on their 12th CD due to be available within the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4a4b54fcdca649e93c4f5f6b8dfbd36", "text": "The Untouchables (Los Angeles band) The Untouchables are a soul/mod revival band from the Silver Lake , Los Angeles , California area . Described by original lead singer Kevin Long as `` mods who played ska music , '' The Untouchables are credited with being America 's first ska band . They formed in 1981 as part of the embryonic L.A. mod revival , after being inspired by the ska revival/punk rock band The Boxboys . Since some could n't play instruments , they either hastily learned , or became vocalists . The original lineup included : Kevin Long ( vocals ) , Chuck Askerneese ( vocals ) , Terry Ellsworth ( rhythm guitar ) , Clyde Grimes ( guitar ) , Rob Lampron ( drums ) , Herman Askerneese ( bass ) and Jerry Miller ( vocals , timbales ) . After a shaky start playing at parties , the integrated septet were eventually booked at the O.N. Klub ( known as the On to regulars ) . The band had guaranteed the club that they would pack the venue , and they did not disappoint . In middle of that year , they released their first ( ska-styled ) 7 '' single , copies of which were snapped up by local mods . Late in 1982 , the band began a stint as the house band at the Roxy Theatre . Terry Ellsworth left the band in the summer of 1983 , at the height of the California mod revival . Josh Harris was added on keyboards , Timothy Moynahan on trombone and Will Donato ( who became a successful smooth jazz artist ) started on sax . Their second single , `` The General , '' became a minor local hit , despite poor distribution . The band performed `` The General '' in the 1984 comedy The Party Animal , and they appeared as a scooter gang in the movie Repo Man . In early 1984 , they were signed to Stiff Records . Concerts with The B-52 's , Black Uhuru , Bow Wow Wow , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Fishbone , No Doubt and X all over California gave the group a disparate following of whites , blacks , mods , punks , surfers and rockabilly fans , with the local performances drawing up to 1,500 people . The band also appeared in the 1984 film Surf II , performing `` Dance Beat '' , and 1987 's No Man 's Land , performing `` What 's Gone Wrong '' . Vocalist Kevin Long ( who had named the band ) left in 1984 . Guitarist Clyde Grimes took on more vocal leads , and in 1984 the band recorded `` Free Yourself '' , which became very popular , especially in the United Kingdom where it was a # 26 hit in April 1985 . The band has gone through many lineup changes since then , and as of 2006 , only vocalist Jerry Miller remains from the original lineup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03d486f3364042df3125afa8664a6285", "text": "Mark White (bassist) Mark White is the bass player for the early 1990s rock band Spin Doctors . He has collaborated with many musical groups , including America 's Got Talent finalists The Robotix , The Heavy Pets , Eight53 , and the Free World Jazz Ensemble . As a songwriter and bass player , he also has been an active teacher in several high-profile rock and jazz schools , such as the Rockin ' Robin Music Center in Houston , Texas . White has also been an outspoken advocate for atheist rights , and was a keynote speaker at the American Atheists National Convention in Salt Lake City , UT in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "806f549eedc19c1074921695795d782f", "text": "88Kasyo Junrei 88Kasyo Junrei ( Japanese : 八十八ヶ所巡礼 , hachi ju hachi kasho junrei ) is a Japanese rock band . They consist of vocalist and bassist Margaret Hiroi , guitarist Katzuya Shimuzu , and drummer Kenzo . Their name , which means `` eighty-eight point pilgrimage , '' is reminiscent of the Shikoku pilgrimage . Their music combines elements of jam band , heavy metal , alternative , psychedelic and progressive rock styles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fcd8adfad5b26687426a3453a6f8039", "text": "Characteristics of progressive rock Progressive rock is a term that refers to a musical style . The term was originally referred to as `` classical rock '' ( in which a band performed together with an orchestra ) , but the term 's use has expanded in recent years to include other fusions of music styles including jazz fusion , metal and folk rock musics . The term does not refer to one particular music style but to an approach that combines elements of diverse styles . Jerry Ewing , editor of Prog Magazine , explains that `` Prog is not just a sound , it 's a mindset . '' Dream Theater guitarist John Petrucci outlines that Progressive rock is defined by its very lack of stylistic boundaries . The advent of the concept album , plus the genre 's roots in psychedelia , led albums and performances to be viewed as combined presentations of music , lyrics , and visuals . Bands abandoned the short pop single in favor of instrumentation and compositional techniques more frequently associated with jazz or classical music as part of an effort to give rock music the same level of musical sophistication and critical respect . Progressive rock abandons the danceable beat that defines earlier rock styles and is more likely than other types of popular music to experiment with compositional structure , instrumentation , harmony and rhythm , or lyrical content . It may demand more effort on the part of the listener than other types of music . Musicians in progressive rock typically display a high degree of instrumental skill , although this is not always the case . Virtuoso instrumental skills are so closely associated with progressive rock that authors such as Bill Martin consider it as a defining element and exclude bands such as Pink Floyd from consideration . It is not uncommon for musicians to have received a higher-than-average level of formal training . Players from the genre frequently appear in readers ' polls of publications that cater to musicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecf9103dcbb2ff1844233a9846c38f7a", "text": "Nothing More Nothing More is an American rock/metal band formed in 2003 from San Antonio , Texas , United States . The current members are vocalist/additional drummer Jonny Hawkins , lead guitarist Mark Vollelunga , bassist Daniel Oliver and their newest drummer , Ben Anderson . The ensemble has released six studio albums to date , including their self-titled album released in 2014 . The lead single off their self-titled debut , entitled `` This is the Time ( Ballast ) '' , hit number 1 on the Mediabase Active Rock chart and number 2 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abf0e7dbc4f33a5e11a300ec02347e72", "text": "Cougars (band) Cougars is a Chicago-based rock band formed in 2000 . The band signed to the New York-based label Go-Kart Records in 2003 and has embarked on several extensive US and European tours . Cougars ' music is often compared to that of The Jesus Lizard and Rocket from the Crypt . The band avoids categorizing themselves in interviews ; they 've claimed to be simply `` a rock band with horns '' and `` a rock band making rock music . '' In 2007 , the band parted ways with saxophonist Jeff Vidmont and trumpet player Mark Beening . In 2008 , it parted ways with keyboardist Sam Ambrosini . As of 2012 , the band continues to write material for its much anticipated third studio album , Gentleman 's Choice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bd168272f271e2c5806041024655bb9", "text": "Stockholm Syndrome (band) Stockholm Syndrome is an American rock music band formed in Athens , Georgia , as a collaboration between Dave Schools of Widespread Panic and Jerry Joseph of Jerry Joseph and the Jackmormons . The two enlisted Los Angeles drummer Wally Ingram ( Jackson Browne and Sheryl Crow ) , San Francisco guitarist Eric McFadden ( who had previously worked with Keb ' Mo ' , Primus , Les Claypool , and the P Funk All Stars ) , and German keyboardist Danny Dziuk . Dziuk however , has since been replaced on tour by Gov ' t Mule keyboardist Danny Louis . Originally intended as a one-time studio side-project for the musicians , the band released an album in 2004 , Holy Happy Hour , and then went on a nationwide tour in support of the album . The band has toured intermittently since then and on February 16 , 2010 they released a live EP , `` Stockholm Syndrome Live at Streetlight Records , '' which was recorded during an in-store performance at Streetlight Records in Santa Cruz in September 2009 . The band has said that they have gotten another full-length album ready for release . As the band allows audience members to tape their shows , many of their concert recordings can be found at the Internet Archive . The band 's second album , Apollo , was released on February 15 , 2011 . Schools and Joseph wrote the songs after sitting on a porch looking at redwood trees in California . The band recorded in '' a converted chicken coop '' to achieve `` a low-fi garage -LSB- sound -RSB- '' . From the recording sessions , they produced a two-track vinyl record to sell at concerts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25540ead99d3c4dfe9b4d69350e67c78", "text": "The Daily Flash The Daily Flash are an American folk rock and psychedelic band founded in 1965 , active until 1968 and reformed in 2002 . originally based in Seattle and later in Los Angeles . The group was composed of guitarist/singer Steve Lalor , lead guitarist Doug Hastings , bass player/singer Don MacAllister and drummer Jon Keliehor . According to Mike Stax , they `` had become a major force in the growing Seattle underground scene by 1965 . '' Their sound , which incorporated elements of folk music and jazz as well as rock stood in contrast to the garage rock sound typical of the Pacific Northwest at the time , anticipating the sound that came to be identified with San Francisco .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ec1bfc6dfcc0c27c57044e51b74e3eb", "text": "Rail (band) Rail is an American rock band that briefly achieved national fame after winning the grand prize of MTV 's Basement Tapes competition in 1983 . Before starting their recording career the group was well known in the Seattle area under the names `` Rail & Company '' and `` Rail & Co. . '' The band was formed by drummer Kelly Nobles , bassist/singer Terry James Young and guitarist Andy Baldwin at Highland Junior High School in Bellevue , Washington in 1970 . Interlake High School mate Rick Knotts joined the band in 1973 . Rail won a best local band award from Seattle rock station KZOK-FM in 1978 . The band entered the Billboard 200 albums chart with its self-titled EMI America Records release `` Rail '' . The band toured with Van Halen , Heart , Ted Nugent , Blue Öyster Cult , Three Dog Night , The Beach Boys , Nazareth , and others . Rail released three albums and one EP between 1980 -- 1997 and remains a long-touring staple of the Washington local music scene . Although not officially recognized on any of their albums , during the early to mid-80 's several well known local artists appeared as guest performers live and in the studio . In 1985 they were joined by guitarist Ronnie Montrose for several months . He was looking for a new band , and Rick Knotts had recently left . Billed as `` Rail featuring Ronnie Montrose '' or `` Ronnie & Rail , '' they played a set of half Rail favorites and half Montrose songs ( `` Rock Candy , '' `` Rock the Nation , '' `` Matriarch , '' and Gamma 's remake of Thunderclap Newman 's `` Something in the Air '' ) . At the end of the tour , there was an amicable split . The original four members continue to perform and record together . In late 2009 , the band began work on its 5th record .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8120644b8e9940e11142032a48f0d7c", "text": "Jetboy (band) Jetboy is an American San Francisco-based hard rock band founded in 1983 by guitarists Billy Rowe and Fernie Rod . Best described as a blend of edgy rock and roll with a traditional blues based influence . Jetboy got the attention of music fans and record executives alike in Hollywood during the mid 1980s . The band transplanted themselves to Los Angeles in 1986 after signing a deal with Elektra Records . Their musical influences ranged from punk rock to rock 'n' roll to blues . Their 1988 debut album Feel the Shake peaked at 135 on The Billboard 200 . After parting ways with original bass player Todd Crew in mid-1987 , the band was joined by former Hanoi Rocks member Sami Yaffa . Yaffa , a member of one of the groups Jetboy had found most influential , was now a member of the band as their new bassist . In August 1987 Todd Crew died due to a drug overdose in the hotel room of Guns N ' Roses guitarist Slash . Jetboy continued on into the 1990s before disbanding in 1992 . However , over a decade later , Jetboy reconvened , toured and recorded a new EP , Off Your Rocker in 2010 . Having been absent from the studio for some 20 years , Jetboy recorded Off Your Rocker in a fully organic mode . The band played all in the same room together in a `` live-style '' format in an effort to duplicate the way the songs were written , all together , in a true 1970 's fashion where the band could feed off of one another 's energy . Jetboy has continued to gain in popularity , and has continuously played to large crowds at festivals across the United States including Rocklahoma , The South Texas Rock Fest , Rock the Bayou & The M3 Festival two times . On June 1 , 2012 Jetboy did a 25-year reunion for their debut album ` Feel The Shake ' at the Whisky A Go Go in Hollywood . The show was also a release party for the movie Rock Of Ages which featured a few images of Jetboy . The line-up for this show included all original members with a surprise appearance by their second bass player Sami Yaffa who is currently playing in the Michael Monroe Band . This was the first time they all shared the stage together in over 20 years . Jetboy plan to continue with the original line-up with Charles Norman on bass who replaced Yaffa for the Damnednation tour in 1989 . January 25 , 2014 during NAMM weekend Jetboy supported Faster Pussycat at the Whisky A Go-Go to a sold out crowd to celebrate the club 's 50-year anniversary . Jetboy geared up in late 2015 to bring their style of rock n roll to the stage again . The band performed at Riki Rachtman 's Cathouse Live on August 15 , 2015 at the Irvine Meadows Amphitheater in Irvine , California . Three songs from Feel the Shake were featured in the 1989 movie The ` Burbs , starring Tom Hanks . They were `` Bloodstone '' , `` Locked in a Cage '' and `` Make Some Noise '' . Additionally , two songs from Feel the Shake , `` Feel the Shake '' and `` Make Some Noise '' were also featured in the 1989 movie She 's Out of Control .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85e34da7e06e57c6af033c3693336df1", "text": "Louis Johnson (bassist) Louis Johnson ( April 13 , 1955 -- May 21 , 2015 ) was an American musician and bass guitarist . Johnson was best known for his group The Brothers Johnson and his session playing on several hit albums of the 1970s and 1980s including the `` best selling album of all time '' Thriller . His signature sound was from the Music Man StingRay bass which Leo Fender especially made for him to first use and promote , and from his slapping technique . He is ranked number 38 on Bass Player magazine 's list of `` The 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5237881f2e5622eb81bbe6fb57203381", "text": "The Section (band) The Section are a US instrumental rock band formed in the early 1970s by musicians Danny Kortchmar , Craig Doerge , Leland Sklar , and Russ Kunkel . They are best known for both studio and stage work in support of some of the best selling solo singers of that decade . Their frequent appearances on the records of artists signed to Asylum Records made them the label 's de facto house band . Their close association with the singer-songwriter and soft rock genres of the 1970s also led to their alternate moniker of `` The Mellow Mafia . '' They appeared together and individually on albums by Linda Ronstadt , Crosby & Nash , James Taylor , Carole King , Jackson Browne , Warren Zevon , and acted as back-up band on their tours . Other musicians closely associated with The Section include guitarist Waddy Wachtel , bassist Tim Drummond and multi-instrumentalist David Lindley . By the 1980s , the group stopped working together collectively , though as individuals they continued to play prominent roles in the studio and on tour with many of the most popular solo acts of the decade , including Phil Collins ( who collaborated with Sklar frequently starting with 1985 's No Jacket Required album and subsequent tour ) , Stevie Nicks ( whose landmark Bella Donna album features guitar work from Wachtel , who continues to work with her as her musical director ) , and Don Henley ( who used Kortchmar 's skills on numerous instruments on his Building the Perfect Beast album ) . Beside their supporting work for other musicians , The Section also released three albums of their own , consisting of mostly instrumental music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29cecfd07ad2fa339e9bcc5a12638451", "text": "Los Straitjackets Los Straitjackets is an American instrumental rock band that formed in Nashville , Tennessee in 1988 . Originally comprising guitarists Danny Amis ( formerly of the Raybeats ) , Eddie Angel and drummer L. J. `` Jimmy '' Lester under the name The Straitjackets , the band split up soon after forming , but reunited as Los Straitjackets in 1994 with the addition of bassist E. Scott Esbeck . Esbeck left the band in 1998 and was replaced by Pete Curry . The current lineup also features Greg Townson on guitar and Chris Sprague on drums . The band has released thirteen studio albums , four collaboration albums and three live albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d2ee09464fb872ef32f0473475f91e6", "text": "Loudness (band) is a Japanese heavy metal band formed in 1981 by guitarist Akira Takasaki and drummer Munetaka Higuchi . They were the first Japanese metal act signed to a major label in the United States , releasing twenty-six studio albums ( five in America ) and nine live albums by 2014 and reaching the Billboard Top 100 in their moment of maximum international popularity , as well as charting on Oricon dozens of times . Despite numerous changes in their roster , the band continued their activities throughout the 1990s , finally reuniting the original line-up in 2001 . This line-up released a further seven albums until November 30 , 2008 , when original drummer Munetaka Higuchi died from liver cancer at a hospital in Osaka at age 49 . He was replaced with Masayuki Suzuki .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3026355227da2c23c67d8d2a22255ce4", "text": "The Open Up and Bleeds The Open Up and Bleeds is a Swedish rock band formed in 2006 . They release their debut EP in 2007 on Suicide Records , the same year that they were nominated for `` best unsigned band '' at Manifestgalan . During 2009 they recorded a full length album produced by Henrik Svensson at Studio Dubious in Stockholm . The name `` The Open Up and Bleeds '' is a reference to The Stooges ' song Open Up and Bleed . Members : Joel Segerstedt ( vocals , guitar ) , Thomas Meyer ( bass ) , Markus Johansson ( lead guitar ) , Andreas Thunmarker ( drums ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11cd3884478f40cbbccb5487e4ba5217", "text": "AD (band) AD is a 1980s Christian rock band , featuring former Kansas members Kerry Livgren ( guitar , keyboard , synthesizers , backing vocals ) and Dave Hope ( bass ) , former Bloodrock member Warren Ham ( lead vocals , saxophone , flute , harmonica ) , who had toured as a sideman with Kansas in 1982 , Michael Gleason ( lead vocals , keyboards , guitar ) , who had replaced Ham as a touring member of Kansas in 1983 , and Dennis Holt ( drums ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5cab7ba824b156be7841e68d3d8fbeef", "text": "Bangalore Choir Bangalore Choir is an American hard rock band formed in 1991 . They were formed by the former frontman of Accept , David Reece , and guitarists Curt Mitchell and John Kirk ( both formerly of Razor Maid ) . Joining them from Hericane Alice , was bassist Ian Mayo and Jackie Ramos on drums , future members of the band Bad Moon Rising with Whitesnake/Dio guitarist Doug Aldrich and Lion/Tytan vocalist Kal Swann . Their debut album was produced by Max Norman , and featured songs co written by Jon Bon Jovi and Aldo Nova . Despite having big names involved , the album was not a success . Mayo and Ramos moved on to the band Bad Moon Rising . Mayo also continued with the band Burning Rain . Reece formed the band Sircle of Silence before disappearing from the music scene . Curt Mitchell now is a guitar teacher in Nevada and has his own guitar site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f64a17b44a3c0c3089d01f0a9b0cdb0", "text": "Masayoshi Kabe most commonly known by his stage name Louis , is a half-French , half-Japanese bassist and guitarist from Yokohama , Japan . He began his career in 1966 as a member of The Golden Cups . He was a studio musician throughout the 1970s and also a member of various bands such as Speed , Glue & Shinki until he permanently joined the supergroup Pink Cloud in 1978 . After they disbanded in 1994 he formed the instrumental side-project ZZK while providing support to other musicians as a bassist . He also recorded four albums as bass player with the band Vodka Collins from 1995-1998 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
71628f3c4bdec1d35b6e8ef3d0b3ed93
Emily Blunt starred in The Huntsman: Winter's War.
[ { "docid": "6a13001469282f4f804f7af27c4cae3b", "text": "Emily Blunt Emily Olivia Leah Blunt ( born 23 February 1983 ) is a British film and stage actress . Blunt made her professional debut in a 2001 London production of the play The Royal Family . Two years later , she appeared on screen for the first time in the 2003 television film Boudica ( Warrior Queen ) . Her performance in the 2004 drama film My Summer of Love garnered her the Evening Standard British Film Award for Most Promising Newcomer . For her performance in the TV film Gideon 's Daughter ( 2006 ) she received a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . The same year , she received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture and a nomination for a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for The Devil Wears Prada . In 2009 , Blunt received the BAFTA Britannia Award for British Artist of the Year . She received more acclaim for portraying Queen Victoria in The Young Victoria ( 2009 ) , receiving a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama . 2009 also saw Blunt appear in the crime caper comedy Wild Target with Bill Nighy and Rupert Grint . She found commercial success for roles in the romantic science-fiction thriller The Adjustment Bureau ( 2011 ) , the science-fiction action thriller Looper ( 2012 ) , and the science-fiction military film Edge of Tomorrow ( 2014 ) . Blunt received her fourth and fifth Golden Globe Award nominations for her roles in the romantic comedy-drama Salmon Fishing in the Yemen ( 2012 ) and the musical fantasy Into the Woods ( 2014 ) in the Best Actress -- Motion Picture Comedy or Musical category . In 2016 , Blunt starred in the fantasy-action film The Huntsman : Winter 's War and The Girl on the Train , the latter based on the international best-selling novel of the same name , and a performance that earned her nominations for the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b5d36dc7aac688ea95459be0356d7681", "text": "Anne Winters (actress) Anne Christine Winters ( born June 3 , 1994 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the FX drama series Tyrant as Emma Al-Fayeed , and the ABC crime drama series Wicked City as Vicki Roth . She had a recurring role as Kelsey on the ABC Family drama series The Fosters , and also starred in the films Sand Castles ( 2014 ) , Pass the Light ( 2015 ) , and The Bride He Bought Online ( 2015 ) . She won the Nice International Film Festival Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in The Tribe ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d685e5d5bbcbe88abef4ef86c89e417f", "text": "Chilly Scenes of Winter (film) Chilly Scenes of Winter ( originally released as Head over Heels ) is a 1979 romantic comedy film , written and directed by Joan Micklin Silver . The film is an adaptation of the 1976 novel Chilly Scenes of Winter by Ann Beattie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b426e12d14bb772ebdd58f214d70717", "text": "Tuppence Middleton Tuppence Middleton ( born 21 February 1987 ) is an English actress . She was nominated for the London Evening Standard Film Awards 2010 for Most Promising Newcomer . Since 2015 , she portrays Riley Blue in the television series Sense8 . She has appeared in feature films such as Tormented ( 2009 ) , Chatroom ( 2010 ) , Cleanskin ( 2012 ) , Trance ( 2013 ) , The Lady Vanishes ( 2013 ) , The Imitation Game ( 2014 ) , and Jupiter Ascending ( 2015 ) , as well as in television series such as Bones ( 2008 ) , New Tricks ( 2010 ) , Friday Night Dinner ( 2011 ) , Sinbad ( 2012 ) , Spies of Warsaw ( 2013 ) , and Black Mirror ( 2013 ) , and Sense8 ( 2015 ) . She starred in two British period dramas screened around the same time , Dickensian ( 2015 -- 16 ) , playing Miss Havisham , and War & Peace ( 2016 ) , in which she played Russian princess and villain Hélène Kuragina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "564dd2dbbf2b5c8bdf10b5ebcf47cd16", "text": "Allen Wolf Allen Wolf ( born October 29 , 1970 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , film producer , novelist , and board game creator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2608087c4daf68ddf10a39b3608990a", "text": "Despite the Falling Snow (film) Despite the Falling Snow is a 2016 British Cold War espionage film directed by Shamim Sarif , adapted from her novel of the same name . Starring Rebecca Ferguson , Charles Dance , Oliver Jackson-Cohen , Antje Traue , Sam Reid , Anthony Head and Thure Lindhardt the film was released in the United Kingdom on April 15 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "010e8f269adda7764e2b88c376a92f30", "text": "Isabelle Fuhrman Isabelle Fuhrman ( born February 25 , 1997 ) is an American actress . She is known for her portrayal of Esther in the 2009 horror/thriller film Orphan and Clove in The Hunger Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d56e60592e7fffd50ea475748c705450", "text": "Winter (TV series) Winter is an Australian mystery-drama-thriller television series which premiered on the Seven Network on 4 February 2015 , and concluded on 11 March 2015 . The series is a spin off of the 2014 telemovie , The Killing Field . It stars Rebecca Gibney and Peter O'Brien reprising their roles from the telemovie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba186929e6828a958a1954e070a7651c", "text": "Stonewall (2015 film) Stonewall is a 2015 American drama film directed by Roland Emmerich and written by Jon Robin Baitz . The film stars Jeremy Irvine , Ron Perlman , Jonathan Rhys Meyers , Joey King , Caleb Landry Jones , Matt Craven , Atticus Mitchell , and Mark Camacho . The film was released on September 25 , 2015 , by Roadside Attractions . The drama is set in and around the 1969 Stonewall riots , the violent clash with police that kicked off the gay liberation movement in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9d1ac7075b326713516a24b5e944c88", "text": "Salmon Fishing in the Yemen Salmon Fishing in the Yemen is a 2011 British romantic comedy-drama film directed by Lasse Hallström and starring Ewan McGregor , Emily Blunt , Kristin Scott Thomas and Amr Waked . Based on the 2007 novel of the same name by Paul Torday , and a screenplay by Simon Beaufoy , the film is about a fisheries expert who is recruited by a consultant to help realize a sheikh 's vision of bringing the sport of fly fishing to the Yemen desert , initiating an upstream journey of faith to make the impossible possible . The film was shot on location in London , Scotland , and Morocco from August to October 2010 . The film premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival . The film received generally positive reviews upon its release , and earned $ 34,564,651 in revenue worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b7099893a572d03f2207705485265cd", "text": "Emily Keener Emily Christine Keener ( born November 23 , 1998 ) is an American singer and songwriter . She started performing solo shows when she was 12 . She became a contestant on season 10 of NBC 's The Voice , in 2016 at the age of 16 . She advanced to the Top 12 before being eliminated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea52c21d446c6637bb1cb691f6841196", "text": "Emily Seale-Jones Emily Charlotte Leonora Seale-Jones ( born 16 December 1988 ) is a British film actress . Daughter of Trevor Jones , Seale-Jones grew up as the youngest of four siblings ; she and her two brothers , like their father , work in the film industry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e430de7811175072c338dcdb3ed07fb", "text": "Valentine (film) Valentine is a 2001 American slasher film directed by Jamie Blanks , and starring Denise Richards , David Boreanaz , Marley Shelton , Jessica Capshaw , and Katherine Heigl . Loosely based on the novel of the same name by Tom Savage , the film follows a group of women in San Francisco who are stalked by a man whom they tormented during their childhood . Release theatrically in February 2001 , the film received mixed reviews from critics , with some praising its performances and cinematography , and others criticizing its conclusion and deeming it too redolent of 1980s horror films . In spite of the mixed critical response , the film was a box office success , earning a total of USD$ 36.7 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66fdd615ac21fc81603326d49da54030", "text": "Greystone Park Greystone Park is a found footage horror film written by Sean Stone and Alexander Wraith , directed by Sean Stone , and starring Sean Stone , Alexander Wraith , Antonella Lentini , Oliver Stone and Bruce Payne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "affebca5f365f2d8cba5ad04a2760a2b", "text": "The Exorcism of Emily Rose The Exorcism of Emily Rose is a 2005 American legal drama horror film directed by Scott Derrickson and starring Laura Linney and Tom Wilkinson . The film is loosely based on the story of Anneliese Michel and follows a self-proclaimed agnostic who acts as defense counsel ( Linney ) representing a parish priest ( Wilkinson ) , accused by the state of negligent homicide after he performed an exorcism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "907c6b7233e1e24c83843a55d64e7cdf", "text": "Winter's Bone Winter 's Bone is a 2010 American independent drama film , an adaptation of Daniel Woodrell 's 2006 novel of the same name . Written and directed by Debra Granik , the film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a teenaged girl in the rural Ozarks of the central United States who , to protect her family from eviction , must locate her missing father . The film explores the interrelated themes of close and distant family ties , the power and speed of gossip , self-sufficiency , and poverty as they are changed by the pervasive underworld of illegal methamphetamine labs . Winter 's Bone won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize : Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received four 2011 Academy Award nominations : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab38fc0a9931ba848422b711734482bc", "text": "They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults . The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91c0162bf0f1476babd331dabc774295", "text": "Emily Dickinson International Society The Emily Dickinson International Society ( EDIS ) is an international organisation relating to American poet Emily Dickinson ( 1830 -- 1886 ) . It was founded in 1988 and its aim is to `` Promote , perpetuate and enhance the study and appreciation of Emily Dickinson worldwide '' . The society publishes The Emily Dickinson Journal ( ISSN 1059-6879 ) twice yearly and , for members , The Emily Dickinson International Society Bulletin ( ISSN 1055-3932 ) . It holds an Annual Meeting and `` EDIS Institute '' meetings . Every two or three years it holds an International Conference . These have taken place in the USA ( 1992 ) , Austria ( 1995 ) , USA ( 1998 ) , Norway ( 2001 ) , Hawaii ( 2004 ) , Japan ( 2007 ) , England ( 2010 ) and the 2014 event is planned for the USA . The society is affiliated to the American Literature Association ( ALA ) , `` a Coalition of Societies Devoted to the Study of American Authors '' and is sponsoring two sessions at the 2014 ALA Annual Conference . An Emily Dickinson Society had been formed in Japan in 1980 , eight years before the foundation of EDIS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08828a823d57fd0a132f322a8020e083", "text": "Jessica Chastain Jessica Michelle Chastain ( born March 24 , 1977 ) is an American actress and film producer . Born in Carmichael , California , and raised in Sacramento , Chastain developed an interest in acting from a young age . In 1998 , she made her professional stage debut as Shakespeare 's Juliet . After studying acting at the Juilliard School , she was signed to a talent holding deal with the television producer John Wells . She was a recurring guest star in several television shows , including Law & Order : Trial by Jury . She also took on roles in the stage productions of Anton Chekhov 's play The Cherry Orchard in 2004 and Oscar Wilde 's tragedy Salome in 2006 . Chastain made her film debut in the drama Jolene ( 2008 ) , and gained wide recognition in 2011 for starring roles in half a dozen films , including the dramas Take Shelter and The Tree of Life . Her performance as an aspiring socialite in The Help earned her an Academy Award nomination . In 2012 , she won a Golden Globe Award and received a second Oscar nomination for playing a CIA agent in the thriller Zero Dark Thirty . Chastain made her Broadway debut in a revival of The Heiress in the same year . Her highest-grossing releases came with the science fiction films Interstellar ( 2014 ) and The Martian ( 2015 ) , as she continued to draw praise for her performances in the dramas The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby ( 2013 ) , A Most Violent Year ( 2014 ) , and Miss Sloane ( 2016 ) . Chastain 's accolades include two Academy Award and British Academy Film Award nominations . She is known to prepare extensively for her roles . Chastain is the founder of the production company Freckle Films , which was created to promote diversity in film . She is vocal about social issues such as gender and racial equality , and mental health . Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "234761040edb266a6637a0dbf70716d5", "text": "Bruce Blunt George Henry Bruce Blunt , otherwise known as Bruce Blunt ( 1 July 1899 -- 8 July 1957 ) was an English poet , journalist and wine merchant best known for his collaborations with the composer Peter Warlock . In Frederick Delius and Peter Warlock : a friendship revealed he is described as a `` bon viveur , poet , journalist , and writer on wine , gardening , and the turf . '' His poetry is included in the 1932 anthology Modern Poets edited by J. C. Squire . For Warlock he wrote a number of short song texts including the carol `` Bethlehem Down '' ( 1927 ) and the songs `` The Fox '' , `` The Frostbound Wood '' ( 1929 ) , `` The First Mercy '' and `` The Cricketers of Hambledon '' ( 1928 ) . It has been commented that Warlock 's settings of Blunt are amongst his finest . His poem `` The Long Barrow '' was also set by Bernard van Dieren in 1931 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b1996531079243b2232cb68563406d5", "text": "Shelley Thompson Shelley Thompson is a Canadian actress best known for her character Barbara Lahey on the hit Canadian mockumentary program Trailer Park Boys . Born in Calgary , Alberta , Shelley trained at RADA in London , and worked for many years in the UK . She played roles in London 's West End and at the Royal National Theatre , as well as leading roles in regional theatres . She was a regular in BBC radio drama during her time in Britain , and recorded dozens of audio books -- titles including work by Margaret Atwood and Jane Smiley . She played Rita in the family series , Mike and Angelo for six years , and made guest appearances on Drop The Dead Donkey , EastEnders and Chelworth . She also played the role of Sarah 's stepmother Irene in Jim Henson 's 1986 fantasy epic Labyrinth . She 's appeared in eleven seasons of Trailer Park Boys , both specials , and the Feature Film . Since returning to Canada , her work has included season at the Atlantic Theatre Festival ( Ariel in the Tempest and Viola in Twelfth Night ) , work at the Neptune Theatre , The Prairie Theatre Exchange , The Globe Theatre , Regina , and Festival Antigonish . Since 2012 , she 's been shifting focus to stage and screenwriting and directing . Her plays include plays A Kind of Faith ( produced 2004 ) Leaving Wonderland ( Premiered Halifax , 2015 ) , children 's plays Bluenose Billy ( 2006 , co-written with Sheldon Currie and Griffen Prize-winning poet Anne Simpson ) , Belinda the Bicycle Witch ( 2008 ) , Lost and Found ( 2009 ) , ... And How Are We Today ( co-written with poet Anne Simpson ) . Recently seen on stage in : A Good Death , Be My Baby , Criminal Genius . Her poetry has been a finalist in the Atlantic Writing Competition , and has appeared in literary journals Toward the Light and Papirmasse , and on the CBC website . Short stories have been included in anthologies and broadcast in collaboration with The Blue Engine String Quartet on CBC Radio - Christmas 2010 and 2011 . Presently shifting to writing/directing for film , she has just finished her first narrative short , DAWG ( Festivals include the Atlantic Film Festival , The San Diego International Kids Film Festival , Nickle Film festival NFL and more ... ) Presently : working on features ( Dawn Her Dad and the Tractor , Billy , Dash and Dawg , and The Benefit . In 2015 she was a resident at the Canadian Film Centre , Toronto , as a screenwriter , and in 2016 was invited to be one of eight Women In the Directors Chair ( 2017 ) . Thompson is a counsellor with ACTRA Maritimes , chair of the Women 's Committee , and a keen advocate for LGBTQ issues . Awards include : ACTRA Maritimes winner for ( short ) Two Penny Road-Kill 2013 , Best Supporting Actress , LA 's Love Unlimited Festival , 2011 for ( short ) WAKE , and Gemini , 2008 , Best Ensemble , as Barb Lahey , for Trailer Park Boys . Merritt Award - Best Actress in a Leading Role - for Glorious . Several Stage nominations for : Humble Boy -- Flora , Criminal Genius -- Shirley , Tamara ( Dora ) -- Aelis .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a7210065f0d6eee60e8735dea40447ab
The Ten Commandments is an epic movie.
[ { "docid": "2f9e5327042364082ee9dd22aa961386", "text": "The Ten Commandments (1956 film) The Ten Commandments is a 1956 American biblical epic film produced , directed , and narrated by Cecil B. DeMille , shot in VistaVision ( color by Technicolor ) , and released by Paramount Pictures . The film is based on Prince of Egypt by Dorothy Clarke Wilson , Pillar of Fire by J.H. Ingraham , On Eagle 's Wings by A.E. Southon , and the Book of Exodus . The Ten Commandments dramatizes the biblical story of the life of Moses , an adopted Egyptian prince who becomes the deliverer of his real brethren , the enslaved Hebrews , and therefore leads the Exodus to Mount Sinai , where he receives , from God , the Ten Commandments . The film stars Charlton Heston in the lead role , Yul Brynner as Rameses , Anne Baxter as Nefretiri , Edward G. Robinson as Dathan , Yvonne De Carlo as Sephora , Debra Paget as Lilia , and John Derek as Joshua ; and features Sir Cedric Hardwicke as Sethi , Nina Foch as Bithiah , Martha Scott as Yoshebel , Judith Anderson as Memnet , and Vincent Price as Baka , among others . Filmed on location in Egypt , Mount Sinai and the Sinai Peninsula , the film was DeMille 's last and most successful work . It is a partial remake of his 1923 silent film of the same title , and features one of the largest sets ever created for a film . The film was released to cinemas in the USA on 5 October 1956 and , at the time of its release , was the most expensive film ever made . In 1957 , the film was nominated for seven Academy Awards including Best Picture , winning the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects ( John P. Fulton , A.S.C. ) . Charlton Heston was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture ( Drama ) for his role as Moses . Yul Brynner won the National Board of Review Award for Best Actor for his role as Rameses and his other roles in Anastasia and The King and I . It is also one of the most financially successful films ever made , grossing approximately $ 122.7 million at the box office during its initial release ; it was the most successful film of 1956 and the second-highest-grossing film of the decade . According to Guinness World Records , in terms of theatrical exhibition it is the seventh most successful film of all-time when the box office gross is adjusted for inflation . In 1999 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . The film was listed as the tenth best film in the epic genre . Network television has aired the film in prime time during the Passover/Easter season every year since 1973 . The last credited actor in the movie still alive is Joanna Merlin .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265", "text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbfc5f89f88f95c008be24cae061bc46", "text": "Gandhi (film) Gandhi is a 1982 British-Indian epic biographical drama film which dramatises the life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi , the leader of India 's non-violent , non-cooperative independence movement against the United Kingdom 's rule of the country during the 20th century . Gandhi was written by John Briley and produced and directed by Richard Attenborough . It stars Ben Kingsley in the title role . The film covers Gandhi 's life from a defining moment in 1893 , as he is thrown off a South African train for being in a whites-only compartment , and concludes with his assassination and funeral in 1948 . Although a practising Hindu , Gandhi 's embracing of other faiths , particularly Christianity and Islam , is also depicted . Gandhi was released in India on 30 November 1982 , in the United Kingdom on 3 December , and in the United States on 10 December . It was nominated for Academy Awards in eleven categories , winning eight , including Best Picture and Best Director for Attenborough , Best Actor for Ben Kingsley , and Best Original Screenplay for Briley . The film was screened retrospective on 12 August 2016 as the Opening Film at the Independence Day Film Festival jointly presented by the Indian Directorate of Film Festivals and Ministry of Defense , commemorating 70th Indian Independence Day . The screenplay of Gandhi is available as a published book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76f7437cb59b8acafe7b352d27679ce9", "text": "Clash of the Titans (franchise) Clash of the Titans is a British -- American fantasy action media franchise based on characters and myths of Ancient Greek mythology . The first film , Clash of the Titans , was released in 1981 with a remake made in 2010 . The remake spawned a sequel , Wrath of the Titans , in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb41352b1393840d7f2788c3d4768f97", "text": "Herod the Great (film) Herod the Great ( Erode il grande , Le roi cruel ) is a 1958 Italian-French epic historical drama film directed by Victor Tourjansky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23816715002e1f932d2569b0e3572679", "text": "Hadassah: One Night with the King Hadassah : One Night with the King is a 2004 novel by Tommy Tenney and Mark Andrew Olsen based upon a retelling of the Biblical Book of Esther . However , `` One Night with the King '' follows almost identically the novel `` Esther '' by Nathaniel Weinreb in plot , including direct quotes and events in the novel . It was made into a film released in 2006 in the United States . Tenney is one of the producers of the film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c12cad832ff42c27ba52f98e9e0ae3aa", "text": "The Prince of Egypt The Prince of Egypt is a 1998 American animated epic musical drama film and the first traditional animated film produced and released by DreamWorks . The film is an adaptation of the Book of Exodus and follows the life of Moses from being a prince of Egypt to his ultimate destiny to lead the children of Israel out of Egypt . Directed by Brenda Chapman , Steve Hickner , and Simon Wells , the film features songs written by Stephen Schwartz and a score composed by Hans Zimmer . The voice cast consists of Val Kilmer in a dual role , Ralph Fiennes , Michelle Pfeiffer , Sandra Bullock , Jeff Goldblum , Danny Glover , Patrick Stewart , Helen Mirren , Steve Martin , and Martin Short . Jeffrey Katzenberg had frequently suggested an animated adaptation of the 1956 film The Ten Commandments while working for The Walt Disney Company , and he decided to put the idea into production after founding DreamWorks in 1995 . To make this inaugural project , DreamWorks employed artists who had worked for Walt Disney Feature Animation and the recently disbanded Amblimation , totaling a crew of 350 people from 34 different nations . The film has a blend of traditional animation and computer-generated imagery , created using software from Toon Boom Animation and Silicon Graphics . Theatrically released on December 18 , 1998 , and on home video on September 14 , 1999 , reviews were generally positive , with critics praising the animation , music , and voice work . The film went on to gross over $ 218 million worldwide in theaters , which made it the most successful non-Disney animated feature at the time . The film 's success led to the direct-to-video prequel Joseph : King of Dreams ( 2000 ) and the development of a stage adaptation . The song `` When You Believe '' became a commercially successful single in a pop version performed by Whitney Houston and Mariah Carey , and went on to win Best Original Song at the 1999 Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db4bf03cf58b84d730933b98850b1555", "text": "Oh, God! Oh , God ! is a 1977 American Technicolor comedy film starring George Burns and John Denver . Based on a novel of the same name by Avery Corman , the film was directed by Carl Reiner from a screenplay written by Larry Gelbart . The story centres on unassuming supermarket manager Jerry Landers ( Denver ) , chosen by God ( Burns ) to spread his message despite the skepticism of the media , religious authorities , and Landers ' own wife ( Teri Garr ) . The film inspired two sequels , Oh , God ! Book II ( 1980 ) and Oh , God ! You Devil ( 1984 ) , both of which featured Burns reprising his role , but with no other recurring characters from the original story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11b5deefc7d037eb738e5ab1a29acb12", "text": "The Mighty Crusaders (film) Gerusalemme liberata ( a.k.a. . The Mighty Crusaders ) is a 1958 film about the First Crusade ( 1096 -- 1099 ) , based on the 16th-century Italian poem , Jerusalem Delivered by Torquato Tasso . This film was directed by Carlo Ludovico Bragaglia . The Italian version was written by Sandro Continenza and the English translation was written by Annalena Limentani and Frederica Nutter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e", "text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "792c51d7a424802b48dea96ed3c312f2", "text": "October: Ten Days That Shook the World October : Ten Days That Shook the World translit . Oktyabr ' : Desyat ' dney kotorye potryasli mir ) is a 1928 Soviet silent historical film by Sergei Eisenstein and Grigori Aleksandrov . It is a celebratory dramatization of the 1917 October Revolution commissioned for the tenth anniversary of the event . Originally released as October in the Soviet Union , the film was re-edited and released internationally as Ten Days That Shook The World , after John Reed 's popular book on the Revolution . In U.S. released by Amkino Corporation and First National ( later was a subsidiary of Warner Bros. ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b454573028840571611976ae9df969a8", "text": "The Great Moment (1944 film) The Great Moment is a 1944 biographical film written and directed by Preston Sturges . Based on the book Triumph Over Pain ( 1940 ) by René Fülöp-Miller , it tells the story of Dr. William Thomas Green Morton , a 19th-century Boston dentist who discovered the use of ether for general anesthesia . The film stars Joel McCrea and Betty Field , and features Harry Carey , William Demarest , Franklin Pangborn and Porter Hall . The movie was filmed in 1942 but not released for over two years , and the released version differed from what Preston Sturges had wished , although he publicly accepted the film as his own . Paramount Pictures disliked the film Sturges had made , and pulled it from his control , re-titled and re-edited it , in the process making it ( especially in the early segment ) more confusing for the audience to understand . The studio 's released version was marketed in a way that made it appear to be one of Sturges ' comedies . The film was not well received by the critics or the public , and marked the end of a sustained run of success for Sturges , who had already left Paramount by the time the film was released . Although rarely seen today , the film is worth viewing for its flashback structure -- comparable in some ways to Citizen Kane , which was influenced by the earlier film The Power and the Glory , for which Sturges wrote the screenplay -- and for its irreverent and subtly satirical tone , unusual for a time when most Hollywood biopics were over-inflated and sentimental . In 2003 a medical-dental historian in a lengthy analysis of the movie and its history -- which cited its flashback structure , timeless subject , injections of humor , and `` un-Pasteur-like '' treatment of its protagonist , while adhering reasonably well to the historical record -- concluded that `` The Great Moment may now be due for a general reevaluation by movie historians and critics who , like most folks , have never felt much affection for dentists past and present . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb583fdfca5ab895d7190a02243a400f", "text": "Jesus Christ Superstar (film) Jesus Christ Superstar is a 1973 American musical drama film directed by Norman Jewison and co-written by Jewison and Melvyn Bragg based on the Andrew Lloyd Webber/Tim Rice rock opera of the same name . The film , starring Ted Neeley , Carl Anderson , Yvonne Elliman , and Barry Dennen , centers on the conflict between Judas and Jesus during the week before the crucifixion of Jesus . Neeley and Anderson were nominated for two Golden Globe Awards in 1974 for their portrayals of Jesus and Judas , respectively . Although it attracted criticism from some religious groups , reviews for the film were positive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "309982567ff9e0021a70c1c82f77a77d", "text": "The Eternal Jew (1940 film) The Eternal Jew is a 1940 antisemitic German Nazi propaganda film , presented as a documentary . The film 's initial German title is Der Ewige Jude , the German term for the character of the `` Wandering Jew '' in medieval folklore . At the insistence of Nazi Germany 's Minister of Propaganda , Joseph Goebbels , the film was directed by Fritz Hippler . With a screenplay credited to Eberhard Taubert , the film consists of feature and documentary footage combined with materials filmed shortly after the Nazi occupation of Poland . At this time , Poland 's Jewish population was about three million , roughly ten percent of the total population . Actor Harry Giese ( 1903 -- 1991 ) narrated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a6742c8dbfd0a8d2d5bdcf4fdca7d13", "text": "Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy `` Remember the sabbath day , to keep it holy '' is one of the Ten Commandments found in the Hebrew Bible . The full text of the commandment reads :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f292323c92b21542bc978b56038d8e", "text": "God's Warriors CNN Presents : God 's Warriors is a three-part August 2007 CNN Presents documentary produced by Christiane Amanpour in which she examines the rise of religious fundamentalism as a political force in the world . The documentary was filmed in the United States , Europe and Middle East . It focuses on the three major monotheistic religions of the world , Judaism , Christianity , and Islam . The three chapters were titled God 's Jewish Warriors , God 's Muslim Warriors , and God 's Christian Warriors . The first describes the Jewish settlement movement in Israel and the fund-raising in the United States that supports it , while the second presents issues of radical Islam and Sharia law . The final segment focused on the United States and the political influence of Christian religious leaders . `` God 's Warriors is an investigation of religion , at a time when religious activism is a signature cultural phenomenon of our times , '' said Mark Nelson , vice president and senior executive producer for CNN Productions . `` This project 's global scope is ideally suited for the skills of someone with as impressive of a journalistic pedigree as our own Christiane Amanpour . '' For this documentary , Amanpour reports that during the last 30 years , each faith has exploded into a powerful political force comprising followers who share a dissatisfaction with modern society , and a determination to place God and religion back into daily life and to the seats of power . `` There are millions of people around the world who feel that their faith is being ignored -- pushed aside -- and they are certain they know how to make the world right , '' Amanpour says . `` We can not and should not ignore them . And , with this report , we 've tried to explain them . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290", "text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .", "title": "" } ]
fever
1fd8937399426d0dbccf2ccd6b6f8e99
Demi Lovato is an LGBT community advocate.
[ { "docid": "c01abc2bb7b2632c2eca7345b1297668", "text": "Demi Lovato Demetria Devonne Lovato ( -LSB- ˈdɛmi_loʊ-ˈvɑːtoʊ -RSB- or ; born August 20 , 1992 ) is an American singer , songwriter , and actress . After making her debut as a child actress in Barney & Friends , Lovato rose to prominence in 2008 when she starred in the Disney Channel television film Camp Rock and released her debut single `` This Is Me '' which peaked at number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 . The success of the film and its soundtrack resulted in a recording contract with Hollywood Records . Her debut album , Do n't Forget ( 2008 ) , debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 . The following year , Lovato was cast as the titular character of the television series Sonny with a Chance and she released her sophomore album , Here We Go Again , which became her first one to top the Billboard 200 chart . After the release of additional television films and their soundtracks in 2010 , including Camp Rock 2 : The Final Jam , Lovato 's personal issues put her career on a hiatus and led to the discontinuation of Sonny with a Chance after a second season . She entered a treatment center in November 2010 to seek help for addictions , an eating disorder , and self-harm . While there , she was diagnosed with bipolar disorder . Work on her third studio album , Unbroken ( 2011 ) , began after she successfully completed treatment . The album addresses several of her difficulties . Its lead single , `` Skyscraper '' , became Lovato 's second top 10 entry in the US , while its second single , `` Give Your Heart a Break '' , was certified triple platinum in the country . Lovato was a judge and mentor on the American version of The X Factor in 2012 and 2013 . Her third album , Demi ( 2013 ) , opened with first-week sales of 110,000 copies . The lead single from her eponymous album , `` Heart Attack '' , became her third top 10 in the US and the album spawned three more singles . While promoting the project , Lovato released a book titled Staying Strong : 365 Days a Year ( 2013 ) . She also returned to acting as a recurring character in Glee , and released a memoir in 2014 . Lovato 's fifth album , Confident ( 2015 ) , reached number two on the Billboard 200 . Its lead single `` Cool for the Summer '' was eventually certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . All five of Lovato 's albums have received a gold certification in the US . Musically , Lovato is considered a pop , pop rock , and R&B artist . Lovato has received a considerable number of accolades , including an MTV Video Music Award , 13 Teen Choice Awards , five People 's Choice Awards , an ALMA Award , a Latin American Music Award and a Grammy Award nomination . In 2013 , Maxim ranked her 26th on its Hot 100 list and Billboard ranked her second on its Social 50 Artists of the Year list . Outside the entertainment industry , Lovato has been involved with several social and environmental causes since the launch of her career . In May 2013 , she was cited for her dedication as a mentor to teens and young adults with mental health challenges at a National Children 's Mental Health Awareness Day hosted by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration in Washington , D.C. . She has also become an advocate for the LGBT community , and women 's rights . In 2014 , she was announced as the Grand Marshal for LA Pride week , and that same year she became the face for Human Rights Campaign 's Americans for Marriage Equality Campaign . In April 2016 , Lovato was honored with the GLAAD Vanguard Award for making a significant difference in promoting equal rights for LGBT people .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4ab6b024df5d63feb75e473e87a8b43b", "text": "SX News SX News was a weekly gay and lesbian newspaper based in Sydney , Australia . One of several titles published by Evo Media under the Gay News Network banner . SX News ( commonly referred to simply as SX ) is distributed throughout Sydney and New South Wales . The publication covered local , national and international news of interest to the gay and lesbian community , and has a strong focus on the arts and entertainment . SX featured interviews with high-profile people of interest to the gay and lesbian community . Interviews with high-profile people have included Kylie Minogue , Scissor Sisters , The Hon. Michael Kirby , Louie Spence , Sydney Lord Mayor Clover Moore MP , NSW Premier Nathan Rees , Dr Brad McKay , Rupert Everett , Perez Hilton , Janet Jackson , k.d. lang , Liza Minnelli , Pam Ann , and the Pet Shop Boys . The SX editor was Reg Domingo . Cec Busby was the news editor , while Garrett Bithell was the sub-editor . The publication drew on a stable of regular contributors , including political commentators Rodney Croome and Sam Butler , theatre critic Veronica Hannon , Gay media identity Trevor Ashley , Sydney drag identity Joyce Mange and many more . SX was the official media sponsor of the Sydney Gay and Lesbian Mardi Gras . In late 2006 , the publication changed from a newsprint format to a high-quality , full-colour full-gloss format . In July 2010 SX an exclusive interview with Kylie Minogue in her only Australian interview with the gay press . In July 2010 SX celebrated its 500th issue with a special retrospective edition . In 2015 SX began an LGBTI Health and HIV online hub called Check Up . In 2015 , television doctor Dr Brad McKay began a regular column called `` Ask Dr Brad '' in SX magazine and on the CheckUp web portal . In March 2017 , after allegations of insolvent trading , non payment of creditors , including staff and the Australian Taxation Office , the group 's main website http://www.gaynewsnetwork.com.au was taken offline by their their hosting provider due to non payment . Since then no explanation has been provided to staff , suppliers or advertisers as to the status of the publications . As at 7 May 2017 all sites associated with the EvoMedia remain offline with no sign as to when if ever they will come online again .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae0b06f6d5ab057decc958c09a337a89", "text": "Jenelle Hutcherson Jenelle Hutcherson ( born November 15 , 1985 ) is an American hair artist , activist , public figure , designer , youth mentor and visionary . She is best known for being the first openly lesbian contestant and the first contestant to wear a tuxedo in the Miss Long Beach 2011 pageant in Long Beach , CA , and the Miss California USA pageant in Palm Desert , CA 2012 . Her participation in the pageants shattered stereotypes in many angles ; feminist groups , women who have never fit in society 's ideal of what beauty is , butch women embracing themselves ( tuxedo and swimsuit / she tailored and sewn her own for both pageants ) , the standard that only feminine women enter pageants , and that women from minority descent do n't win pageants . Hutcherson became a name in the LGBT community , the pageant community , and made headline news in media such as NBC , CBS , KCAL9 , Huffington Post , After Ellen , The Advocate , NOH8 Campaign , Courage Campaign , GLAAD , SDGLN ( San Diego Gay and Lesbian News ) , Curve Magazine , GreaterLongBeach.com , Press-Telegram , and Los Angeles Times . The campaign of `` Vote for Jenelle '' went international after AfterEllen.com published an article about Hutcherson in September 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfe7e811f81518d829c8c5dbcc019ce3", "text": "LGBT rights in Northern Ireland Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender ( LGBT ) rights in Northern Ireland are the least advanced in the United Kingdom . It was the last country in the United Kingdom to legalise same-sex sexual activity , the last to end a lifetime ban on blood donations by men who have sex with men and remains the only region of the United Kingdom or Ireland to prohibit same-sex marriage . Progress has mostly come during direct rule by the Government of the United Kingdom or through court action rather than local legislative reform , due to the veto power wielded by the anti-LGBT Democratic Unionist Party under Northern Ireland 's power-sharing system . ILGA rates Northern Ireland as the worst place in the United Kingdom for LGBT people , with 74 % equality of rights compared to 86 % LGBT equality in the United Kingdom overall and 92 % equality in Scotland . LGBT rights campaigner Peter Tatchell describes Northern Ireland as `` the most homophobic place in western Europe '' . Same-sex sexual activity has been legal since 1982 and the age of consent has been equal for all forms of sexual activity since 2001 . Civil partnerships have been available for same-sex couples since 2005 . Same-sex marriage has been voted on five times by the Northern Ireland Assembly , and although it was passed by a slim majority on the fifth attempt , it was vetoed by the Democratic Unionist Party using the petition of concern . Same-sex marriages performed outside Northern Ireland are recognised as civil partnerships within its borders . Same-sex couples have also been granted full adoption rights since 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e92f47503e2a872e1615cb579a36b99", "text": "We Do (film) We Do is an award-winning 56 minute documentary film about marriage equality , produced and directed by independent filmmaker Rebecca Rice . We Do reveals the stories of three LGBT couples , their journeys for legal recognition of their relationships and the impact that the pursuit of marriage equality has had on their lives before and after the Supreme Court ruling on June 26 , 2015 . The film features an introduction by LGBT activist and pastor Jim Mitulski , former pastor at Cathedral of Hope ( Dallas ) who provides the backstory on same-sex unions . We Do then tells the stories of Leta and Anne , with a cameo by their son Jaxson , Mariel and Viviana and Michael and Michael . All three couples had to travel to other states to be legally married even when they knew at the time that their unions would not be legally recognized in the states where they lived . We Do had its world premiere at AGLIFF , the Austin Gay and Lesbian Film Festival in September 2015 . And the film was an official selection of Palm Springs Cinema Diverse and QCinema -- the Ft. Worth Gay and Lesbian Film Festival . We Do was honored with the Shawn A. Moore Award at QCinema and is distributed by CT Media Distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9effbd79587ce036309e3f611242ebe8", "text": "Transgender Law Center The Transgender Law Center ( TLC ) is an Oakland-based civil rights organization advocating for transgender communities . They are California 's first `` fully staffed , state-wide transgender legal organization '' and were initially a fiscally sponsored project of the National Center for Lesbian Rights . The stated mission of TLC is to connect transgender people and their families to technically sound and culturally competent legal services , increase acceptance and enforcement of laws and policies that support California 's transgender communities , and work to change laws and systems that fail to incorporate the needs and experiences of transgender people . TLC utilizes direct legal services , public policy advocacy , and educational opportunities to advance the rights and safety of diverse transgender communities . Since launching in 2002 , TLC has held over 250 transgender law workshops providing legal information to more than 3,250 community members , attorneys , social service providers , and business owners , as well as collaborated on public policy initiatives designed to improve safety in schools and prisons and safe access to public restrooms for transgender people in San Francisco . TLC successfully helped to revise San Francisco 's `` Regulations to Prohibit Gender Identity Discrimination '' in December 2003 , making them more inclusive of people who do not identify as strictly female or male , and to pass legislation in the City of Oakland banning gender identity discrimination in housing , employment , public accommodation , and city services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "558fbc9a0f22bcfcbd7145e5b010f492", "text": "LGBT rights in Malawi Lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) persons in Malawi face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents . The Penal Code prohibits `` carnal knowledge against the order of nature '' , attempts to commit `` carnal knowledge against the order of nature '' , and acts of `` gross indecency '' . However , in November 2012 , President Joyce Banda suspended all laws that criminalized homosexuality . In July 2014 , the Justice Minister announced that Malawi would no longer arrest people for same-sex sexual activity and review its anti-gay laws . In late December 2009 , a trans woman , Tiwonge Chimbalanga , and a man , Steven Monjeza , were arrested after holding a traditional `` engagement '' party . On 18 May 2010 , they were found guilty of having committed `` unnatural offenses '' and `` indecent practices between males '' . On 29 May 2010 , then President Bingu wa Mutharika pardoned both individuals . On 17 April 2015 , The Marriage , Divorce and Family Relations Law came into force and banned all same-sex marriages and unions . While the law was praised for raising the minimum age of heterosexual marriages from 16 to 18 , it was at the same time condemned for the exclusion of homosexual couples and for its language stating that one 's gender is assigned at birth . The new law does not allow people who have undergone gender reassignment surgery to marry someone of that person 's prior gender and also draws comparisons of gay sex to rape and sexual harassment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08d95fc9dc7c25a75765d2a690f5c09f", "text": "Defense of Marriage Act The Defense of Marriage Act ( DOMA ) ( , and ) was a United States federal law that , prior to being ruled unconstitutional , defined marriage for federal purposes as the union of one man and one woman , and allowed states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages granted under the laws of other states . Until Section 3 of the Act was struck down in 2013 ( United States v. Windsor ) , DOMA , in conjunction with other statutes , had barred same-sex married couples from being recognized as `` spouses '' for purposes of federal laws , effectively barring them from receiving federal marriage benefits . DOMA 's passage did not prevent individual states from recognizing same-sex marriage , but it imposed constraints on the benefits received by all legally married same-sex couples . Initially introduced in May 1996 , DOMA passed both houses of Congress by large , veto-proof majorities and was signed into law by President Bill Clinton in September 1996 . By defining `` spouse '' and its related terms to signify a heterosexual couple in a recognized marriage , Section 3 codified non-recognition of same-sex marriages for all federal purposes , including insurance benefits for government employees , social security survivors ' benefits , immigration , bankruptcy , and the filing of joint tax returns , as well as excluding same-sex spouses from the scope of laws protecting families of federal officers ( 18 U. S. C. § 115 ) , laws evaluating financial aid eligibility , and federal ethics laws applicable to opposite-sex spouses . In United States v. Windsor ( 2013 ) , the U.S. Supreme Court declared Section 3 of DOMA unconstitutional under the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7770b9470539cb6569fa9059a3f3f43c", "text": "A Katy or a Gaga `` A Katy or a Gaga '' is the fourth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-second episode overall . It was written by executive producers Russel Friend & Garrett Lerner , and directed by co-creator Ian Brennan , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 7 , 2013 . The episode features the music of Katy Perry and Lady Gaga , the debut of guest star Adam Lambert as Elliott `` Starchild '' Gilbert , and the return of special guest star Demi Lovato as Dani , Santana 's ( Naya Rivera ) girlfriend . In this episode , the glee club is challenged to perform music from either Katy Perry or Lady Gaga , whichever performer they have the least affinity for , to stretch their boundaries . Kurt decides to form a band , and is resistant to the idea that he should include Starchild in it following a highly flamboyant yet excellent audition . The episode was watched by 4.01 million viewers , and received mixed reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5897db99332e7198f5b52fb36cc4b8d9", "text": "Melanie Nathan Melanie Nathan is a South African born attorney , a mediator , equality activist , and human rights advocate , who advocates , speaks and writes on issues impacting LGBTI communities around the world , with a focus on the United States and Africa . She immigrated to the US in 1985 . She publishes the LGBTI advocacy blog O-Blog-Dee-O-Blog-Da ( Life goes on ... ) . She is the executive director of the African Human Rights Coalition ( African HRC ) . She was appointed a community grand marshal for San Francisco Pride 2014 , in recognition of her global human rights advocacy work for LGBTI people . She is also a director of the Peacemaker Museum World Tour . She is co-producing Armagayddon , `` a documentary that exposes the historical anti-gay crusades of right-wing movements and their influence on the Republican Party through a critical examination of national figures , social movements , and conservative organizations and think tanks , focusing on the anti-gay rhetoric and policies of the Republican Party , as well as the use of homosexuality as a political weapon and wedge issue . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "160d0bf44a6ad0ea0cfad2785c5f5dc4", "text": "Demion Clinco Demion Clinco is an American politician from the state of Arizona . A member of the Democratic Party , Clinco served in the Arizona House of Representatives , as the member for the second district until 2015 . Clinco was the president of the Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation . When Linda J. Lopez , a member of the Arizona Senate , resigned in 2014 , Clinco was a finalist for the position . Andrea Dalessandro , a member of the Arizona House of Representatives , was selected instead . Clinco was appointed to Dalessandro 's former seat in the state House . During his tenure in the Arizona State House Clinco was the only openly LGBT member . Clinco lost his reelection bid for a full term , losing to Republican John Ackerley . Clinco attended Occidental College in Los Angeles , graduating with a B.A. in Art History , completing postgraduate work at Istituto Marangoni in Milan Italy . He is the Executive Director of the Tucson Historic Preservation Foundation , having assumed this role in 2015 after six years ( 2008 - 2014 ) as president of the Board of Directors . Clinco was a member of the Arizona State House of Representative ( 2014-2015 ) , serving on the Financial Institutions and Government Committees . From 2007 to 2014 , he served as the City of Tucson Mayor 's appointee to the Tucson-Pima County Historic Commission , and has been involved in local , state and national public policy issues related to Historic Preservation and Cultural Resources . Since 2010 has served as the Arizona State Advisor to the National Trust for Historic Preservation , becoming Vice Chair in 2014 , representing the Western Region . Clinco is a member of the Board of Directors of Archeology Southwest , the Arizona Preservation Foundation , is a founding member of the `` Arizona Vintage Sign Coalition . '' In 2011 , Clinco led the creation Tucson Modernism Week . Clinco has served on numerous foundation and non profit boards , including as a trustee of The Gregory School ( formally St. Gregory College Preparatory School ) and a member the Southern Arizona Leadership Council . He is a member of the 2014 `` Next City Vanguard '' class and a 2013 `` Flinn Brown Fellow . '' Clinco has received numerous awards in the field of architectural and heritage preservation . Demion Clinco is the son of Paul and Judy Clinco", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b7659d54e688d3ef3071e9d75a901d6", "text": "Gay USA Gay USA is a weekly one-hour news program '' ... devoted to in-depth coverage of gay , lesbian , bisexual , and transgender issues '' on a local , state , national , and international level . It is filmed in the studios of , and aired by , Manhattan Neighborhood Network in Manhattan , New York . It airs on Manhattan Public-access television cable TV and Free Speech TV , and is available worldwide as a podcast at gayusatv.org or to subscribe via iTunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38d00cf61dddfdcadc4084672bfb2407", "text": "San Diego Pride San Diego Pride , also known as San Diego LGBT Pride , is a nonprofit organization which sponsors an annual three-day celebration in San Diego , California every July , focusing on the lesbian , gay , bisexual and transgender ( LGBT ) community . The event features the Pride Parade on a Saturday , preceded by a block party in the Hillcrest neighborhood the night before , and followed by a two-day Pride Festival on Saturday and Sunday in Balboa Park . Pride Weekend is believed to be the largest civic event in the city of San Diego . The parade has more than 200 floats and entries and is viewed by a crowd of nearly 200,000 people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f1b96398d896062a9ef31f86d1699f4", "text": "Sexual field A sexual field is an arena of social life whereby individuals seek intimate partners and vie for sexual status . Sexual fields emerge `` when a subset of actors with potential romantic or sexual interest orient themselves toward one another according to a logic of desirability imminent to their collective relations and -LSB- wherein -RSB- this logic produces , to greater and lesser degrees , a system of stratification '' ( Green 2014:27 ) . The term builds on Pierre Bourdieu 's ( 1980 ) concept of field and has been defined as a `` set of interlocking institutions '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) and an `` institutionalized matrix of relations '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 ) that confers status upon sexual actors based on individual variation in sexual capital . Relative to those with a sexual capital deficit , actors in possession of sexual capital reap the rewards of the sexual field -- including the ability to select desired sexual partners and the acquisition of social significance . Sexual fields are themselves distinguished by distinct `` currencies of erotic capital '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) , the latter which are quite variable , acquiring dominance in relation to the collective preferences of players . For example , Green ( 2005 , 2008 ) argues that the characteristics which confer sexual capital in one field may not in another . Thus , in a gay leather bar , a bearded , stocky white man in his late-thirties dressed in Levi 's jeans and a leather jacket will possess an optimal form of sexual capital , whereas the same man in a swanky Martini bar catering to a twenty-something , high-fashion , urban gay customer base will face a sexual capital deficit . This variation in power and status occurs because a gay leather bar and a gay Martini bar are physical sites organized by the logic of two distinct sexual fields with contrasting currencies of sexual capital ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) -- i.e. , distinct `` hegemonic systems of judgment '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) . For sociological theory , the study of the sexual field in the sexual fields framework offers a framework for analyzing how collective attributions of desire and desirability are shaped by the sexual field itself . That is , rather than see desire and desirability as a simple function of individual wants and judgments , the sexual fields framework suggests that such wants and judgments are the consequence of sexual social life . In this approach , the sexual field acts back on what we find desirable such that desires and desirability are regarded as field effects ( Green 2014 ) . To the extent that sexual stratification is related to but not isomorphic with the structure of alternative fields , so the study of sexual fields can not be subsumed to the study of an economic or political field , for example . Nevertheless , to the extent that race , class , gender , ethnicity , age and ability , among others , are organizing features of sexual status within a given sexual field , so the relationship of sexual fields to broader historical systems of stratification requires consideration ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 . 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a169689db45f8cac9838959767d9a1b4", "text": "Juba Kalamka Juba Kalamka ( born July 12 , 1970 ) is an African American bisexual artist and activist recognized for his work and founding member of homohop group Deep Dickollective ( D/DC ) and his development of the micro-label Sugartruck Recordings . Kalamka has coordinated the release and promotion of five critically successful D/DC albums , the Outmusic Award winning solo debut of former Sister Spit member Rocco `` Katastrophe '' Kayiatos , and the distribution of the work of numerous other artists in the homohop community . Kalamka 's personal work centers on dialogues on the convergences and conflicts of race , identity , gender , sexuality and class in pop culture . He has written and illustrated several articles for pop culture magazines and journals , Kitchen Sink , ColorLines , and the now-defunct bisexual issues magazine Anything That Moves . He has been a speaker , panelist , and curator for numerous organizations and conferences , among them the San Francisco Black Gay/Lesbian Film Festival , GLAAD , Hip Hop as a Movement at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison , and Burning Closets/Working Our Way Home at Oberlin College . In November 2005 , Kalamka was chosen to be one of six plenary speakers at the National Gay and Lesbian Task Force 's 2005 Creating Change Conference and received a Creating Change Award for his activist work in queer music community . Kalamka served as Festival Director for the now defunct East Bay ( Oakland , California ) Pride in 2003 and the curator/director of PeaceOUT World Homo Hop Festival which ran annually from 2001 through 2007 . The success of PeaceOUT inspired the creation of three now-defunct sister festivals ; Peace Out East in New York City , Peace Out South in Atlanta , Georgia , and Peace Out UK in London , England . Kalamka appears extensively in Alex Hinton 's 2005 documentary Pick Up the Mic , an active survey of the scene through documentation of homohop artists on tour and in performance at the various PeaceOUT festivals . In 2003 , Kalamka continued his personal and artistic dialogues on sexuality and race with appearances in three sex films ; Good Vibrations/Sexpositive Productions G Marks the Spot , Joani Blank 's Orgasm : Faces of Ecstasy , and the yet to be released Radio Dildo Libre ( David Findlay/Blissful Itch Productions ) . In 2005 , Kalamka was contacted by artist and sex worker advocate Annie Oakley ( whom he 'd met at the Olympia , Washington queer arts fest HomoAGoGo ) and accepted an invitation to tour with The Sex Workers ' Art Show , a month-long cross-country cabaret style theater event featuring current and former sex worker artist/activists . Deep Dickollective 's fifth and final disc , On Some Other was released on Sugartruck in June ,2007 . In December 2006 , Kalamka completed the MFA program in Poetics ( minoring in Queer and Activist Performance through the schools Experimental Performance Institute ) at New College of California in San Francisco . An essay/interview with Kalamka and former bandmate Tim 'm West appears in hip hop writer Jeff Chang 's collection Total Chaos : the Art and Aesthetics of Hip Hop ( Basic Civitas Books ) . He was elected to the Board of Directors of the Queer Cultural Center ( producers of the National Queer Arts Festival ) and the Strategic Committee of sex worker advocacy organization Desiree Alliance in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e5b2712e580a686f5f0444f91829e21", "text": "GLIFAA GLIFAA ( formerly Gays and Lesbians in Foreign Affairs Agencies ) is the officially recognized organization representing lesbian , gay , bisexual and transgender etc. ( LGBT + ) personnel and their families in the United States Department of State , U.S. Agency for International Development ( USAID ) , Foreign Commercial Service , Foreign Agricultural Service , and other agencies and entities working in foreign affairs in the U.S. Government . The acronym comes from its original name , Gays and Lesbians in Foreign Affairs Agencies . As of 2014 , the organization goes by GLIFAA and uses the slogan `` LGBT + pride in foreign affairs agencies '' to underscore its inclusive composition . GLIFAA was founded in 1992 by fewer than a dozen employees who faced official harassment and potential loss of their jobs simply because of their sexual orientation . The organization has grown to hundreds of Foreign Service , Civil Service , and contract personnel and their families serving in Washington , throughout the U.S. , and at U.S. embassies and missions around the world . Members also include retirees and straight allies in government agencies , while other supporters are affiliate members . Among other accomplishments , GLIFAA succeeded in pressing for the issuance of a non-discrimination policy by Secretary of State Warren Christopher in 1993 , and worked with the U.S. Administration , the management of government agencies , and other employee associations to eliminate barriers for obtaining security clearances and create and implement non-discrimination policies with regard to entry and employment in the U.S. Foreign Service and Civil Service . In addition , the organization worked to improve the situation for the partners of LGBT U.S. Foreign Service personnel serving overseas . GLIFAA met with Secretaries of State Colin Powell , Condoleezza Rice , and Hillary Clinton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca79c23a51b22c9b3268a1d93972ec8a", "text": "Sexual Recovery Anonymous Sexual Recovery Anonymous ( SRA ) is one of several twelve-step programs for the treatment of sexual addiction based on the original Twelve Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous . SRA takes its place among various 12-step groups that seek recovery from sexual addiction : Sex Addicts Anonymous , Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous , Sexual Compulsives Anonymous and Sexaholics Anonymous . The New York-based group has meetings in several states . Collectively these groups are referred to as `` S '' groups since all their acronyms begin with that letter . There is a related group called SRA-ANON for spouses , relatives , friends , and significant others of SRA members . This group is analogous to Al-Anon for family members of Alcoholics Anonymous ( AA ) . SRA was founded around 1993 and is said to be a `` progressive offshoot '' of Sexaholics Anonymous ( SA ) and is said to be `` far more diverse '' with a strong presence of women , African Americans , Asians , and members of the LGBT community . SRA also differs from SA by allowing sexual relations between two people in a `` committed relationship '' , while SA only allows a heterosexual spouse as an acceptable partner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "360979fce6cfed79969a5e73502044a7", "text": "List of gay, lesbian or bisexual people: H Parent article : List of gay , lesbian or bisexual people ; Siblings : This is a partial list of confirmed famous people who were or are gay , lesbian or bisexual . Famous people who are simply rumored to be gay , lesbian or bisexual , are not listed . The historical concept and definition of sexual orientation varies and has changed greatly over time ; for example the word `` gay '' was n't used to describe sexual orientation until the mid 20th century . A number of different classification schemes have been used to describe sexual orientation since the mid-19th century , and scholars have often defined the term `` sexual orientation '' in divergent ways . Indeed , several studies have found that much of the research about sexual orientation has failed to define the term at all , making it difficult to reconcile the results of different studies . However , most definitions include a psychological component ( such as the direction of an individual 's erotic desire ) and/or a behavioural component ( which focuses on the sex of the individual 's sexual partner/s ) . Some prefer to simply follow an individual 's self-definition or identity . See homosexuality and bisexuality for criteria that have traditionally denoted lesbian , gay and bisexual ( LGB ) people . The high prevalence of people from the West on this list may be due to societal attitudes towards homosexuality . The Pew Research Center 's 2003 Global Attitudes Survey found that '' -LSB- p -RSB- eople in Africa and the Middle East strongly object to societal acceptance of homosexuality . But there is far greater tolerance for homosexuality in major Latin American countries such as Mexico , Argentina , Bolivia and Brazil . Opinion in Europe is split between West and East . Majorities in every Western European nation surveyed say homosexuality should be accepted by society , while most Russians , Poles and Ukrainians disagree . Americans are divided -- a thin majority ( 51 percent ) believes homosexuality should be accepted , while 42 percent disagree . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d42db0467ffbb63d0970725a112b4e17", "text": "Pride parade Pride parades ( also known as pride marches , pride events , and pride festivals ) for the LGBT community are events celebrating lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) culture and pride . The events also at times serve as demonstrations for legal rights such as same-sex marriage . Most pride events occur annually , and many take place around June to commemorate the Stonewall riots , a pivotal moment in modern LGBT social movements .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e", "text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5b88d01034795036df58aef11b8a06c", "text": "LGBT in Colombia The initialism LGBT is used to refer collectively to lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) people and members of the specific group and to the community ( subculture ) that surrounds them . This can include rights advocates , artists , authors , etc. . In spite of considerable de jure legal protection for the LGBT community in Colombia ( see LGBT rights in Colombia ) , LGBT individuals are often subject to controversy regarding acceptance ( transgender individuals , in particular ) .", "title": "" } ]
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f7264da5708c0c691199564e43c87233
Ayutthaya was friendly towards foreigners.
[ { "docid": "79557a15bc6a0164e7e08964a991c80e", "text": "Ayutthaya Kingdom The Kingdom of Ayutthaya ( -LSB- ɑːˈjuːtəjə -RSB- อยุธยา , -LSB- ʔajúttʰajaː -RSB- ; also spelled Ayudhya or Ayodhaya ) was a Siamese kingdom that existed from 1351 to 1767 . Ayutthaya was friendly towards foreign traders , including the Chinese , Vietnamese , Indians , Japanese and Persians , and later the Portuguese , Spaniards , Dutch , English and French , permitting them to set up villages outside the walls of the capital , also called Ayutthaya . In the sixteenth century , it was described by foreign traders as one of the biggest and wealthiest cities in the East . The court of King Narai ( 1656 -- 88 ) had strong links with that of King Louis XIV of France , whose ambassadors compared the city in size and wealth to Paris . By 1550 , the kingdom 's vassals included some city-states in the Malay Peninsula , Sukhothai , Lan Na and parts of Burma and Cambodia . This part of the Kingdom 's history is sometimes referred to as ` The Ayutthayan Empire . ' In foreign accounts , Ayutthaya was called Siam , but many sources say the people of Ayutthaya called themselves Tai , and their kingdom Krung Tai `` The Tai country '' . It was also referred to as Iudea in a painting that was requested by the Dutch East India Company", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a476c1229122e570cb9c15244fe42889", "text": "France–Thailand relations France -- Thailand relations cover a period from the 16th century until modern times . Relations started in earnest during the reign of Louis XIV of France with numerous reciprocal embassies and a major attempt by France to Christianize the kingdom of Thailand ( then known as Siam ) and establish a French protectorate , which failed when the country revolted against foreign intrusions in 1688 . France would only return more than a century and a half later as a modernised colonial power , engaging in a struggle for territory and influence against Thailand in mainland Southeast Asia that would last until the 20th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ab3cd7831277c4715dd81087535335e", "text": "Sri Lanka Sri Lanka ( -LSB- sri : _ ˈlɑːŋkə , _ - ˈlæŋkə -RSB- or -LSB- ʃriː - -RSB- Sinhalese : ශ ර ල ක , Tamil : இலங்கை Ilaṅkai ) , officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka , is an island country in South Asia near south-east India . Sri Lanka has maritime borders with India to the northwest and the Maldives to the southwest . Sri Lanka 's documented history spans 3,000 years , with evidence of pre-historic human settlements dating back to at least 125,000 years . Its geographic location and deep harbours made it of great strategic importance from the time of the ancient Silk Road through to World War II . Sri Lanka was known from the beginning of British colonial rule until 1972 as Ceylon ( -LSB- sᵻˈlɒn , _ seɪ - , _ siː - -RSB- ) . Sri Lanka 's recent history has been marred by a thirty-year civil war which decisively ended when the Sri Lankan military defeated the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam ( LTTE ) in 2009 . A diverse and multicultural country , Sri Lanka is home to many religions , ethnic groups , and languages . In addition to the majority Sinhalese , it is home to large groups of Sri Lankan and Indian Tamils , Moors , Burghers , Malays , Kaffirs and the aboriginal Vedda . Sri Lanka has a rich Buddhist heritage , and the first known Buddhist writings of Sri Lanka , the Pāli Canon , date back to the Fourth Buddhist council in 29 BC . Sri Lanka is a republic and a unitary state governed by a semi-presidential system . The legislative capital , Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte , is a suburb of the commercial capital and largest city , Colombo . Sri Lanka has had a long history of international engagement , as a founding member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation ( SAARC ) , and a member of the United Nations , the Commonwealth of Nations , the G77 , and the Non-Aligned Movement . Along with the Maldives , Sri Lanka is one of the two countries in South Asia that are currently rated among high human development on the Human Development Index .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66481c343787b0f438249564e6c207da", "text": "Chinese Cambodian Chinese Cambodians are Cambodian people of Chinese or partial Chinese descent . The Khmer term Khmer kat Chen is used for people of mixed Cambodian & Chinese descent while Khmer Chen can mean Cambodian born citizens of Chinese ancestry ( Khmer is the majority ethnic group of Cambodia and Chen means `` Chinese '' in the Khmer language ) . During the late 1960s and early 1970s , they were the largest ethnic minority in Cambodia ; there were an estimated 425,000 . However , by 1984 , there were only 61,400 Cambodians of Chinese ancestry left . This has been attributed to a combination of warfare , economic stagnation , Khmer Rouge , and emigration . There are , however , tens of thousands of mixed Chinese and Khmer ancestry . Despite their relatively small population , Chinese Cambodians are over represented in some of the most visible aspects of Cambodian society , often leading to feelings ranging from resentment to outright discrimination by `` pure '' Khmers . Chinese Cambodians play leading roles in the Cambodian business sector as well as within Cambodia 's political scene . Chinese Cambodians also have a considerable presence in the Cambodian economy and are estimated to own a vast share of it . Many Chinese Cambodians are particularly influential in the Cambodian banking sector where money-lending and shopkeeping enterprises are prevalent . Of particular note is China 's economic role in the country which encouraged Sino-Khmer businessmen to reestablish their past businesses which were once suppressed by the Khmer Rouge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a97565341f3bbeaea6e35fae330e5f7", "text": "Bangkok Malay Bangkok Malay also referred as Bangkok Melayu or Nayu is the local variant of Malay spoken by ethnic Malays living in Bangkok and its surrounding areas . It arose after the intermingling of Malay community from Southern Thailand and slowly diverge as a distinct variety of Malay . Despite historical Malay presence in what is now Bangkok dated as early as Ayutthaya era , nonetheless the dialect only began to develop after the settlement of deportees from Kedah , Kelantan , Pattani , Satun and Yaring dating from 1786 . The speakers of Bangkok Malay can be found throughout the city , with higher concentration in Malay enclaves in Thon Buri , Thung Khru , Phra Pradaeng , Bang Kho Laem , Phra Khanong , Khlong Saen Saep , Min Buri , Nong Chok , Bang Nam Priao , Chachoengsao , Thon Buri and Pom Prap Sattru Phai . There are several variations of the dialect , owing to various waves and origin of Malay settlement in the city . The dialect was largely based on Pattani Malay with visible divergent from the original spoken in the south , this allowed Bangkok Malay to constitute as a separate dialect from Pattani Malay . Another notable sub-dialect of Bangkok Malay spoken in Bang Bua Thong and Tha It districts demonstrating a strong Kedahan influence , this correlates to the fact that most Malay people from these areas are the descendant of deportees that were bought from a village in western Yala in the 18th century , who spoke with a Kedahan dialect . Following the rise of urbanism and the assimilation with the larger Thai majority , the language is now highly confined with adult over the age of 40 with varied fluency among younger generations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34c6e346f37a655eadc56b51dcc64ecc", "text": "Asian South Africans The majority of Asian South Africans are of Indian origin , most of whom are descended from indentured workers transported to work in the 19th century on the sugar plantations of the eastern coastal area , then known as Natal . They are largely English speaking , although many also retain the languages of their ancestors . There is also a significant group of Chinese South Africans ( approximately 300,000 individuals ) , of whom the great majority are recent immigrants of the last two decades . In total the 1.2 million Asians in South Africa represent about two percent of the nation 's population . Most are of Indian or South Asian origin , although there is also a rapidly increasing number of people of Chinese , who were sometimes classified as Coloured ( mixed race ) , `` Other '' , or at least partially as `` White '' under Apartheid ) . Traditionally , the group does not include the `` Cape Malays '' , who were descended ( at least in part ) from South East Asians , who were classified as `` Coloured '' under apartheid . The term Indian is far more commonly used than Asian in South Africa , although examples of both usages can be found .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32933e7e19057af68e11894ea92cd30e", "text": "Ports of Karnataka Karnataka 's coastline called Karavali stretches 300 km between Mangalore in Dakshina Kannada district and Karwar in Uttara Kannada district . The coastline of Karnataka has been along the eastern shore of Arabian Sea . Karnataka has one major and ten minor ports in this coastal belt . Kali , Belekeri , Gangavali , Aghanashini Sharavathi , Sharabi , Kollur , Gangolli , Sitanadi , Gurpur and Netravati are the important rivers in this belt which empty into the Arabian sea . Sea erosion , migration of river mouths , siltation of ports and harbours are some of the problems common to this belt . Development of ports being a state subject , the Government of Karnataka set up the Department of Ports and Inland Water Transport in 1957 . The Department maintains one major and ten minor ports between Mangalore in the south and Karwar in the North . The only major port is the New Mangalore Port . The minor ports are located at Karwar , Old Mangalore , Belekeri , Tadadi , Honnavar , Bhatkal , Kundapur , Hangarakatta , Malpe and Padubidri ports . Of these , the one at Karwar is the only all-weather port while the rest are riverine fair-weather lighterage ports . In the light of the economic reforms that the central government implemented in the early nineties , the Karnataka government also has been making serious efforts to improve its port infrastructure . In 1997 , a `` Port Policy '' was formulated with a view to develop all ports with private participation . The policy is built around the BOOST ( Build-Own-Operate-Share and Transfer ) concept and primarily seeks to improve cargo handling capacity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be5ac1153451460f57677e629c0ee3f4", "text": "Cinema of Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cinema encompasses the films made in Sri Lanka . It is a fledgling industry that has struggled to find a footing since its inauguration in 1947 with Kadawunu Poronduwa produced by S.M. Nayagam of Chitra Kala Movietone . Sri Lankan films are usually made in the Sinhalese language , the language of the majority Sinhala people . In the first nine years most films were made in South India and followed the conventions of Indian cinema . Studio shooting was the norm , with Indian style sets erected in film studios . Even though it is popularly held that Rekava , made in 1956 by pioneer director Lester James Peries , was the first Sinhala film to be shot completely out of studio , it was really the film `` Gambada Sundari '' , made in 1950 which was the first film shot outside studios . It was also the first Sri Lankan film where , like in `` Rekawa '' , the dialog was recorded on the spot . This was because the film was shot on 16mm , using an Auricon sound-on-film camera which recorded the sound on the 16mm film optically , unlike in the case of where the sound was recorded on a Kinevox 35mm magnetic recorder . The film was later ` blown-up ' to 35mm and was screened in Colombo in 1950 . Though `` Rekawa '' was acclaimed by local and international critics , the film failed to find an audience in the country and was a box office failure . Films continued to follow formulaic storylines borrowed from India up through the early 1960s despite such efforts as Sandesaya and Kurulu Bedda . In 1964 , Lester James Peries again contributed to the development of Sri Lankan cinema with Gamperaliya which was the first Sinhala film to feature no songs and like Rekava shot completely outside the studio . It garnered massive praise for portraying Sinhala culture in a realistic manner and was hailed by critics and audiences alike . The producer Anton Wicremasinghe was awarded the Silver Peacock at the New Delhi International Film Festival for Gamperaliya . Following this breakthrough , several artistic Sinhala films were made in the late-1960s including Sath Samudura by professor Siri Gunasinghe , ably supported by exquisite cinematography by Dr.D.B . Nihalsinghe . During the 1970s several talents came to the forefront while commercial cinema continued to steal storylines and plots from Indian films . These include Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha with `` Weilkatara '' - Sri Lanka 's first film in Cinemascope ratio wide screen in 1972 ; Vasantha Obeysekera who followed up his well-received debut Ves Gatho with a slew of successful films culminating with Palangetiyo in 1979 . Another major director who stepped forward during this time is Dharmasena Pathiraja who examined the tensions of city youth in such works as Bambaru Awith and Ahas Gauwa . Artist and poet Mahagama Sekera 's sole film Thun Man Handiya is also an important film in Sri Lankan cinema released in 1970 . Sumitra Peries , the wife of Lester James Peries , also struck out during the 1970s with work that looked at the conflicting roles of women in society . Her work include Gehenu Lamai and Ganga Addara . Over the next few decades , artists such as Tissa Abeysekara , Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha , Udayakantha Warnasooriya , H.D.Premaratne , Ashoka Handagama , Prasanna Vithanage and Vimukthi Jayasundara have attempted to breathe new life into the industry . Nihalsingha was an accomplished cinematographer as well as an editor : so his films has an input which was special and brought a viewpoint to all his films , most of which focused on the exploited women . Vithanage 's film Purahanda Kaluwara is widely considered one of the best movies made in Sri Lanka as is Jayasundara 's Sulanga Enu Pinisa which won the coveted Camera d'Or for best first film at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . During Sri Lankan Civil War several films have begun to tackle gritty subjects such as family relationships , abortion and results of the conflict between the military and Tamil Tiger rebels in the north . Director Asoka Handagama especially has drawn criticism for pursuing such material in his work . In the recent years high budget films like Aloko Udapadi , Aba ( film ) and Maharaja Gemunu based on Sinhalese epic historical stories gain huge success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "323181859622de3cfb77ae5e26958ae8", "text": "North Borneo Chartered Company The North Borneo Chartered Company or British North Borneo Company was a chartered company assigned to administer North Borneo ( today 's Sabah in Malaysia ) in August 1881 . The company also administered the island of Labuan for a temporary period in 1890 before it became part of the Straits Settlements . North Borneo became a protectorate of the British Empire with internal affairs administered by the company until 1946 when it became the Crown Colony of British North Borneo . The main motto was Pergo et Perago ( Latin ) , which means `` I undertake and I achieve '' . The first chairman of the company was Alfred Dent . In 1882 , the North Borneo Chartered Company established a settlement on Pulau Gaya , one year after the Chartered Company was given the mandate to rule Sabah . However , in 1897 , this settlement was burnt to the ground during the raid led by Mat Salleh , a Sabah tribal Chief and it was never re-established . This company is also known as ` Syarikat Borneo Utara British ' and was criticised by the locals for the taxes it collected . Establishing law and order as well as recruiting Sikh policeman from North India was one of the early roles the NBCC initiated , as well as expanding trade , a system of government , courts to enforce laws and punishment and building both a railway line from Jesselton to Tenom and encouraging the harvesting and barter trade of both local agriculture produce and crops , as well as establishment of plantations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26010647827a949ae4a3a2fec94c7a69", "text": "Royal Society of Thailand The Royal Society of Thailand ( ราชบัณฑิตยสภา , -LSB- râːt.t͡ɕʰā.bān.dìt.tā.já.sā.pʰāː -RSB- ) , formerly known as the Royal Society of Siam , is the national academy of Thailand in charge of academic works of the government . The secretariat of the society is the Office of the Royal Society of Thailand , formerly known as the Royal Institute of Thailand . The office is an independent department in the executive branch of Thailand and is not subject to any other agency . The Royal Society of Siam was established on 19 April 1926 and was dissolved on 31 March 1933 . The dissolved society was split into the Royal Institute of Thailand and the Fine Arts Department of Thailand . On 14 February 2015 , the Royal Institute of Thailand was reorganised . Its administrative council became the Royal Society of Thailand , whilst the institute itself became the office of the society . According to the present structure , the members of the Royal Society of Thailand are of three types : associate fellows , fellows , and honorary fellows . The associate fellows are experts selected and appointed by the society . The fellows are associate fellows selected by the society and appointed by the monarch upon advice of the prime minister . And the honorary fellows are prominent experts selected by the society and appointed in the same manner as the fellows . The society is widely known for its official roles in the planning and regulation of the Thai language , as well as its many publications , particularly the Royal Institute Dictionary , the official and prescriptive dictionary of the Thai language , and the Royal Thai General System of Transcription , the official system for romanising Thai words .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09315c23a42532417c82a7a177b8448d", "text": "Thai Malays Thai Malays ( Orang Melayu Thai , ไทยเชื้อสายมลายู , Jawi : ملايو تاي , Pattani Malay : Oré Nayu , Jawi or Bangso Yawi ) is a term used to refer to ethnic Malays in Thailand . Thailand hosts the third largest ethnic Malay population after Malaysia and Indonesia , and most Malays are concentrated in the Southern provinces of Narathiwat , Pattani , Yala , Songkhla , and Satun . Phuket and Ranong , home to a sizeable Muslim population , also has many people who are of Malay descent . A sizeable community also exists in Thailand 's capital Bangkok , having descended from migrants or deportees who were relocated from the South from the 13th century onwards . Ethnic Malays in Narathiwat , Pattani , Yala , and Songkhla are due in part to cultural differences from the Thai people as well as past experiences of forced attempts to assimilate them into Thai mainstream culture after the annexation of the Pattani Kingdom by the Sukhothai Kingdom . On the other hand , ethnic Malays in Satun , Phuket , Ranong and Bangkok are less inclined towards separatism . The Sam Sams who make up the bulk of Satun 's population ( but also a significant minority in Phatthalung Trang , Krabi , Phang Nga and Songkhla as well as in the Malaysian states of Kedah , Perak and Perlis ) are a distinct ethnic group who generally adhere to Islam , but are culturally Thai ( although with some Malay influences ) and speak a Southern Thai dialect interspersed with some Malay loanwords .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "871400d8387289ab1e3560e1aae2a6fa", "text": "Bangladesh–Thailand relations Bangladesh -- Thailand relations refer to foreign relations between Bangladesh and Thailand . Relations were established on 5 October 1972 . Thailand opened its embassy in Bangladesh in 1974 , and Bangladesh opened its embassy in Bangkok in 1975 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6faf21cf7dfb6678b31caf4c9c722cc0", "text": "White settlement in Zimbabwe before 1923 White people first came to the region in southern Africa today called Zimbabwe in the 16th century , when Portuguese colonials ventured inland from Mozambique and attacked the Kingdom of Mutapa , which then controlled an area roughly equivalent to eastern Zimbabwe and western Mozambique . Portuguese influence over Mutapa endured for about two centuries before fading away during the 1690s and early 1700s ( decade ) . During the 1880s and 1890s , the British South Africa Company initiated colonisation by whites , backed by a royal charter from Britain 's Queen Victoria : company rule over the country began in 1890 , when the Pioneer Column marched to Mashonaland , founded Fort Salisbury and settled in the area . The company domain was named `` Rhodesia '' after its founder , Cecil Rhodes , in 1895 ; the portion south of the Zambezi became officially called Southern Rhodesia in 1898 . Concurrently with the expiry of the company 's charter in 1923 , Southern Rhodesia was granted responsible government by Britain , and became a self-governing colony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e84eb8f02ae1dbfc3978db07a98fb75", "text": "Fijian general election, 1963 In 1963 , the first significant changes were carried out to the composition of the Legislative Council of Fiji since 1937 . The Legislative Council was expanded to 37 members , of which 19 were official members ( usually heads of Government departments ) and 18 unofficial members , thus retaining the official majority . Of the unofficial members , 12 were elected , four from each of the Fijian , Indian and European groups chosen on a communal franchise . The Governor also nominated two from each of the communities . The Legislative Councillors of each race were permitted to select two of their members to the Executive Council . Qualifications to register as a voter were as follows : British subject Age of twenty-one years or over Resident in the colony for a period of , or periods amounting in the aggregate of , not less than twelve months out of the preceding three years . Ability to read and write a simple sentence and sign one 's name in the English language in the case of a European , in either English or Fijian in the case of a Fijian , and for an Indian either in English , Hindi , Urdu , Tamil , Telugu , Gurmukhi , Gujarati or Malayalam . `` European '' and `` Indian '' were defined as a person whose father or any of whose male progenitors in the male line was a European or Indian , respectively , while a `` Fijian '' was defined as `` a person whose father or any of whose progenitors in the male line ... was an aboriginal native of the colony , excluding the island of Rotuma and its dependencies . '' While ethnic Fijians and women gained the right to vote , illiterate adults were not permitted to vote . Some people could choose between ethnic rolls and no provision was made for Rotumans , Pacific Islanders , Chinese and part-Chinese to vote . There was also a number of changes to qualifications for candidates to run for office . Indian and European civil servants were prohibited from nominating as candidates , but this provision did not apply to Fijians as there were few qualified Fijians outside the civil service . Candidates were required , not only to be eligible to be registered as a voter , but to be actually registered . This provision disqualified Ayodhya Prasad as he was out of the country during the registration period . Most candidates contested the election as independents , although the Citizens Federation ( which became the Federation Party in 1964 ) endorsed A. D. Patel , S.M. Koya and James Madhavan , while the Kisan Sangh endorsed Deo Sharma , James Shankar Singh and Harsih Chandra Kohli respectively as their opponents . The Western Democratic Party nominated Apisai Tora and Isikeli Nadalo , both for the Western Fijian Constituency . Isikei Nadalo was also endorsed by Fijian National Party . The elections were conducted between 17 April 1963 and 4 May 1963 . There were two significant outcomes of the elections . Firstly , the secret ballot amongst Fijians did not lead to the defeat of Chiefs but to the consolidation of the power of the Fijian establishment as can be seen by the result of the Western Fijian Constituency , where the Tovata high chief , Ratu Penaia Ganilau won by 7,347 votes against local commoners Apisai Tora ( 1,496 votes ) and Isikeli Nadalo ( 659 votes ) . Secondly Indians in the sugar cane districts , clearly endorsed the policies of the Federation led by A.D. Patel over that of the Kisan Sangh during the 1960 sugar cane farmers ' strike , by electing its three candidates . A.D. Patel defeated Deo Sharma by 6,244 votes to 3,346 votes , S.M. Koya defeated James Shankar Singh by 3,998 votes to 3,480 votes and James Madhavan defeated Harish Chandra Kohli by 2,753 vote to 2,175 votes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de18b0889f1e1c305f5c85d594a9a448", "text": "Racial violence in Australia Various examples of violence have been attributed to racial factors during the recorded history of Australia since white settlement , and a level of intertribal rivalry and violence among Indigenous Australians pre-dates the arrival of white settlers from Britain in 1788 . During the period of British colonisation , various incidents of inter-racial tension and competition for land and resources between Europeans and Indigenous peoples involved violence , becoming a factor in the decline of indigenous populations during the 19th century . Incidents of racial violence between settler communities followed the large scale multi-ethnic immigration of the Australian goldrushes of the mid-19th century - notably white miners targeting Chinese miners - which contributed to the development of the White Australia Policy which preferenced British and `` white '' immigration to Australia for some decades . The policy resulted in a largely racially homogenous population by the mid-20th century . Australia 's large scale , Post-World War Two , multi-ethnic immigration program has seen Australia develop into one of the most ethnically diverse nations , with relatively little racial violence , and in which incitement to racial violence is a crime . Nevertheless , incidents and examples of violence between the various ethnicities of modern Australia have continued to be attributed to racial motivations up to the present time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58fcbae8ab45443f070e6b73fed893be", "text": "Burmese Indians Burmese Indians are a group of people of Indian origin who live in Burma . While Indians have lived in Burma for many centuries , most of the ancestors of the current Burmese Indian community emigrated to Burma from the start of British rule in the mid-19th century to the separation of British Burma from British India in 1937 . During British times , ethnic Indians formed the backbone of the government and economy serving as soldiers , civil servants , merchants and moneylenders . A series of anti-Indian riots beginning in 1930 and mass emigration during the Japanese occupation of Burma followed by the forced expulsion of 1962 left ethnic Indians with a much reduced role in Burma . Ethnic Indians today account for approximately 2 % ( about 950,000 ) of the population of Burma and are concentrated largely in the two major cities ( Yangon and Mandalay ) and old colonial towns ( Pyin U Lwin and Kalaw ) . They are largely barred from the civil service and military and are disenfranchised by being labeled as ` foreigners ' and ` non-citizens ' of Burma . Amongst the well-known Burmese Indians is S. N. Goenka , a leading practitioner and teacher of vipassanā meditation and Helen , a well-known Bollywood film actress who is also of Anglo-Burmese descent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48c0fb33144bf6111219f8debcea388b", "text": "Navigation Acts The Navigation Acts were a series of English laws that restricted colonial trade to England . They were first enacted in 1651 and throughout that time until 1663 , and were repealed in 1849 . They reflected the policy of mercantilism , which sought to keep all the benefits of trade inside the Empire , and to minimize the loss of gold and silver to foreigners . They prohibited the colonies from trading directly with the Netherlands , Spain , France , and their colonies . The original ordinance of 1651 was renewed at the Restoration by Acts of 1660 , 1663 , 1670 , and 1673 , with subsequent minor amendments . The Acts formed the basis for English overseas trade for nearly 200 years . Additionally the Acts restricted the employment of non-English sailors to a quarter of the crew on returning East India Company ships . The major impetuses for the Navigation Acts were the ruinous deterioration of English trade in the aftermath of the Eighty Years ' War , and the concomitant lifting of the Spanish embargoes on trade between the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic . The end of the embargoes in 1647 unleashed the full power of the Amsterdam Entrepôt and other Dutch competitive advantages in world trade . Within a few years , English merchants had practically been overwhelmed in the trade in the Iberian Peninsula , the Mediterranean and the Levant . Even the trade with English colonies ( partly still in the hands of the royalists , as the English Civil War was in its final stages and the Commonwealth of England had not yet imposed its authority throughout the English colonies ) was `` engrossed '' by Dutch merchants . English direct trade was crowded out by a sudden influx of commodities from the Levant , Mediterranean and the Spanish and Portuguese empires , and the West Indies via the Dutch Entrepôt , carried in Dutch ships and for Dutch account . The obvious solution seemed to be to seal off the English and Scottish markets to these unwanted imports . A precedent was the Act the Greenland Company had obtained from Parliament in 1645 prohibiting the import of whale products into England , except in ships owned by that company . This principle was now generalised . In 1648 the Levant Company petitioned Parliament for the prohibition of imports of Turkish goods '' ... from Holland and other places but directly from the places of their growth . '' Baltic traders added their voices to this chorus . In 1650 the Standing Council for Trade and the Council of State of the Commonwealth prepared a general policy designed to impede the flow of Mediterranean and colonial commodities via Holland and Zeeland into England . On the whole , the Acts of Trade and Navigation were obeyed , except for the Molasses Act of 1733 , which led to extensive smuggling because no effective means of enforcement was provided until the 1750s . Stricter enforcement under the Sugar Act of 1764 became one source of resentment of Great Britain by merchants in the American colonies . This in turn helped push the colonies to start the American Revolution in the late 18th century , even though the consensus view among modern economic historians and economists is that the `` costs imposed on -LSB- American -RSB- colonists by the trade restrictions of the Navigation Acts were small . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "620fee9d01539b0db6dff6110b3433c0", "text": "Peopling of Thailand The peopling of Thailand refers to the process by which the ethnic groups that comprise the population of present-day Thailand came to inhabit the region . Aside from ethnic groups representing recent expatriate migrations , and the earliest Negrito arrivals , the ethnic groups of Thailand are all believed to be descended from ethnicities associated with clades of Y-DNA Haplogroup O. This suggests an ancient homogeneous ethnicity in Southeast Asia some 35,000 years ago which , over time , spread out and independently evolved into diverse sub-ethnicities , branches of which found their way to Thailand at different points in history , employing different migration routes and modes of transportation , only after being infused with elements of other cultures along the way , via both exposure and inter-breeding . The result is an extremely diverse population of distantly related tribes with a common Asian heritage steeped in ancient tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d9bf21eb80b7366c8c6e798bbfdcfb8", "text": "Sri Ksetra Kingdom Sri Ksetra ( Śrī Kṣetra , သရ ခ တ တရ ပ ည , IPA : -LSB- θəjè kʰɪʔtəjà pjì -RSB- ; lit . `` Field of Fortune '' or `` Field of Glory '' ) , located along the Irrawaddy River at present-day Hmawza , was once a prominent Pyu settlement . The Pyu occupied several sites across Upper Myanmar , with Sri Ksetra recorded as the largest , the city wall enclosing an area of 1,477 hectares . Issues surrounding the dating of this site has meant the majority of material is dated between the seventh and ninth centuries AD , however recent scholarship suggests Pyu culture at Sri Ksetra was active centuries before this . Sri Ksetra is the site for much of the Pyu artistic legacy . The arrival of Buddhism into the Pyu cities saw the increased artistic production , with very little surviving from the earlier period of occupation . The vast arraying of surviving material indicates a rich visual culture that was endorsed by the Pyu at Sri Ksetra . The Pyu at Sri Ksetra declined in prominence around the ninth century AD . The final mention of the Pyu is found at Pagan , with a twelfth century stone featuring inscriptions in Pyu , Mon , Burmese and Pali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb5d0fda29194499f49cf4d48e3cb4be", "text": "Laos–Thailand relations Laos and Thailand have had bilateral relations for the most part of history . The two countries share a common border , share linguistic and cultural similarities , and have long intertwined histories since the time of their predecessor kingdoms Lan Xang and Ayutthaya in the 15th century . The Lao kingdom of Lan Xang included all of northeastern Thailand as recently as the early 18th century . Thailand 's northeastern region , Isan , has particularly strong Lao roots . Linguistically , the inhabitants of Isan , a third of the Thai population , speak the Isan language , a Lao dialect . Both countries have an interest in making the Mekong River a `` river of true peace and friendship '' , as their respective prime ministers called for in 1976 . Diplomatic relations between the modern states were established in 1950 , but cross-border cooperation only began at the end of the Cold War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b9445ee96ef35a4ff865734427377bf", "text": "History of Bangladeshis in the United Kingdom Bangladeshis are one of the largest immigrant communities in the United Kingdom . Significant numbers of ethnic Bengali and ethnic Sylheti peoples arrived as early as the 17th century , mostly as lascar seamen working on ships . Following the founding of Bangladesh in 1971 , a large immigration to Britain took place during the 1970s , leading to the establishment of a British Bangladeshi community . Bangladeshis were encouraged to move to Britain during that decade because of changes in immigration laws , natural disasters such as the Bhola cyclone , the Bangladesh Liberation War against Pakistan , and the desire to escape poverty , and the perception of a better living led Sylheti men bringing their families.Murshid , Ghulam . 2008 . The call of the sea : History of Bangali in Britain -LSB- in Bengali : Kalapanir hatchani : Bilete Bangaleer itihash -RSB- ( Dhaka , Abosar ) . During the 1970s and 1980s , they experienced institutionalised racism and racial attacks by organised ultra-right fascist groups such as National Front and British Nationalist Party .", "title": "" } ]
fever
ff41d883b5a4800aedd2a0846695bdfb
O. J. Simpson was an actor.
[ { "docid": "a20c99ecf7e3115b5e82fa5493a34ffc", "text": "O. J. Simpson Orenthal James `` O. J. '' Simpson ( born July 9 , 1947 ) , nicknamed The Juice , is a former American football running back , broadcaster , actor , and convicted armed robber and kidnapper . Simpson attended the University of Southern California ( USC ) , where he played college football for the USC Trojans and won the Heisman Trophy in 1968 . He played professionally in the National Football League ( NFL ) as a running back for 11 seasons , with the Buffalo Bills from 1969 to 1977 and with the San Francisco 49ers from 1978 to 1979 . In 1973 , he became the first NFL player to rush for more than 2,000 yards in a season ; holding the record for the single season yards-per-game average , which stands at 143.1 . He is the only player to ever rush for over 2,000 yards in the 14-game regular season NFL format . Simpson was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame in 1983 and the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 1985 . After retiring from football , he began new careers in acting and football broadcasting . In 1995 , Simpson was acquitted of the 1994 murders of his ex-wife Nicole Brown Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman after a lengthy and internationally publicised trial . The families of the victims filed a civil suit against him , and in 1997 a civil court awarded a $ 33.5 million judgment against Simpson for the victims ' wrongful deaths . In 2007 , Simpson was arrested in Las Vegas , Nevada , and charged with felonies including armed robbery and kidnapping . In 2008 , he was convicted and sentenced to 33 years imprisonment , with a minimum of nine years without parole . He is serving his sentence at the Lovelock Correctional Center in Lovelock , Nevada .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "0cde16ebe9943bc2be0e284e4160e740", "text": "Rip Taylor Charles Elmer `` Rip '' Taylor , Jr. ( born January 13 , 1935 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is known for his exuberance and flamboyant personality , including his wild moustache and his habit of showering himself ( and others ) with confetti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25753ce636d43fd8e5f8f2413a880a1d", "text": "The Juice Is Loose `` The Juice Is Loose '' is the ninth episode of the seventh season of the American animated television series Family Guy . It originally aired on Fox in the United States on March 15 , 2009 . In the episode , Peter cashes in an old raffle ticket from 1989 and wins a golf outing with O. J. Simpson . When he befriends Simpson and brings him home to meet the family , the residents of Quahog are not as welcoming of the infamous running back and try to force him out of town . The episode was written by Andrew Goldberg and directed by Cyndi Tang . According to Nielsen ratings , the episode was viewed in 7.21 million homes in its original airing . The episode received negative reviews for its use of a three-minute long live-action segment of Conway Twitty . Series regular Mike Henry provided the voice of O.J. Simpson , Cathy Cahlin Ryan guest starred as Fred Goldman 's wife in a cutaway , and Jeff Bergman guest starred as a parody of Homer Simpson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30f47e846226d178b42391a61a5f60b0", "text": "Alan Simpson Alan Simpson is the name of : Alan Simpson ( British politician ) ( born 1948 ) , British politician Alan K. Simpson ( born 1931 ) , former United States Senator from Wyoming Alan Simpson ( scriptwriter ) ( 1929 -- 2017 ) , of Galton and Simpson Alan Simpson ( actor ) ( born 1983 ) , American actor Alan Simpson ( theatre director ) ( 1920 -- 1980 ) , Irish theatre director Alan Simpson ( athlete ) , British runner", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59d80bf24f419c4ef1f4b3c10d900e37", "text": "Jim Turner (comedian) Jim Turner ( born 1952 ) is an American actor and comedian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a899734acf0984f5f6d45d9bfc77cdc5", "text": "Tate Donovan Tate Buckley Donovan ( born September 25 , 1963 ) is an American actor and director , known for portraying Tom Shayes in Damages , Jimmy Cooper in The O.C. , and the voice of the title character in the 1997 Disney animated film Hercules , the animated television series of the same name and in a few Kingdom Hearts video games . He also had supporting roles in films , such as Good Night , and Good Luck and Argo . Donovan also played Brian Sanders in Hostages and White House Chief of Staff Mark Boudreau in 24 : Live Another Day . He has been a guest star in a number of television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47dbf0496f3b303ef46641ff2fac0442", "text": "Jim Gerald James Gerald ( 1 January 1891 -- 1971 ) was an Australia comedian , circus clown , acrobat , writer , director and troupe leader and filmmaker . He is generally regarded as one of the four leading post-World War I comedians to work the Australasian variety circuits , the others being Nat Phillips , Roy Rene , and George Wallace . Born at Darlington , Sydney , Gerald was the seventh son of Stephen Australia Fitzgerald , a tailor turned actor , and his wife Mary Ann , née Ingram . In his youth Jim played truant from school to watch acrobats practising on the sandhills behind Centennial Park , learned to tumble and haunted his uncles ' circus . Three of his brothers also went on the stage using the names ` Max Clifton ' , ` Lance Vane ' and ` Cliff Stevens ' . In 1898 his father apprenticed him to Oscar Pagel 's Circus . He subsequently travelled the world , including South Africa , Africa , the Far East and North America for around ten years . Back in Australia by 1908 , Gerald found employment with several circuses ; and as ` Diabolo ' was billed as the first man to loop the loop on a motorcycle . In 1910 he and two of his brothers , Lance Vane and Max Clifton , appeared in The Life and Adventures of John Vane , the Notorious Australian Bushranger . That film , also directed by his father , is now viewed as a significant landmark in Australian cinema history , being the first recorded involvement in narrative film production by Charles Cozens Spencer ( a leading figure in the early Australian film industry ) . Gerald 's `` move into variety entertainment began in 1912 when he toured with his father 's All Stars drama and vaudeville company as both comedian and acrobat . Although he soon afterwards signed with the Fullers ' Theatres vaudeville circuit Gerald was immediately leased to Stanley McKay for his touring pantomime company , and over the next five to six years appeared throughout Australia and New Zealand as a specialist pantomime dame Within a year of joining McKay 's company Gerald married Esther Patience Futcher , a 27-year-old actress known as ` Essie Jennings ' . The ceremony took place on 21 July 1913 at St Peter 's Anglican Church , Wellington , New Zealand , \\ . The two latter formed a highly popular knockabout comedy sketch act , appearing in sketches such as the `` The Actress and the Paperhanger '' and `` The new Recruit . '' Fitzgerald enlisted in the Australian Imperial Force on 5 May 1916 and served in Mesopotamia as a driver with the 1st Australian and New Zealand Wireless Signal Squadron . Discharged on 12 October 1918 , he returned to the Fullers ' circuit and was soon asked by ( Sir ) Benjamin Fuller to write and produce his own revue sketches . He had seen the funny side of soldiering in Mesopotamia and his act , ` The New Recruit ' , remained popular for years . Unlike his contemporaries Roy Rene and George Wallace , Gerald was ` unashamedly international ' in his work . Almost every Christmas he played the dame in pantomimes . He made some thirty silent films in the United States of America in 1928 , and was influenced by Charlie Chaplin whom he greatly admired . When the Fullers folded in 1933 , Gerald continued to play six-month seasons in Sydney and Melbourne under various managements . In 1935-36 he appeared in several revues at the Garrick Theatre , London , including Do n't Spare the Horses . Returning to Sydney , in May 1936 he featured in Shout for Joy . One critic wrote that he ` can not particularly sing nor does he know much about dancing , but he is undoubtedly a master of patter , of quick , well-timed delivery and retort ' . Gerald signed a contract with the Australian Broadcasting Commission in February 1939 ; he starred in ` Jim and Jitters ' with Jim Davidson 's A.B.C. Dance Band and conducted the Saturday ` After-Dinner Show ' . Next year he formed his own radio-production company . On 10 April 1941 Gerald was appointed honorary lieutenant colonel in the A.I.F. Placed in charge of the Entertainment Unit , he embarked for the Middle East on 1 September in the Queen Elizabeth . A shrewd organizer and an experienced producer , he gathered Davidson and his band , comedians , singers , jugglers , acrobats and trick cyclists , as well as backstage technicians , ` among them costume designers , seamstresses and electricians ' . At his headquarters at Tel Aviv , Palestine , he recruited a female chorus line . The first performance at Gaza of All in Fun was ` received with rapturous applause ' . Home again in October 1942 , Gerald transferred to the retired list on 31 December . He joined the Tivoli circuit and appeared in the revue , Stripped for Action ( 1943 ) . In 1951 he played the happy roué in Ladies ' Night in a Turkish Bath . He shared top billing with Wallace in Thanks for the Memory , at the Princess Theatre , Melbourne , in 1953 and toured for three years in that revue . He was ` as uproariously funny as ever though not as spry ' in The Good Old Days ( Sydney , 1957 ) . Next year he retired to St Kilda , Melbourne . Gerald enjoyed watching any kind of sport , but his passion was for motoring : he owned a succession of cars which he drove across America , through Europe , the Middle East and Britain , and all over Australia . After Essie 's death in 1969 , he moved into a home at Rosebud . He died there on 2 March 1971 and was cremated . ` Jim Gerald was probably best remembered for his versatility -- as a big-eared oaf in baggy pants and shapeless hat , as a seemingly rubber-boned and pathetically droll clown and as Australia 's greatest pantomime dame . '", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7", "text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cae686b4a6ec50716cc44466b8108edb", "text": "Mr. Burns Charles Montgomery Burns , known as C. Montgomery Burns and Monty Burns , but usually referred to simply as Mr. Burns , is a recurring character in the animated television series The Simpsons , and is voiced by Harry Shearer . Burns is the evil owner of the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant and is also Homer Simpson 's boss . He is assisted at almost all times by Waylon Smithers , his loyal and sycophantic aide , adviser , confidant and secret admirer . Although originally conceived as a one-dimensional , recurring villain who might occasionally enter the Simpsons ' lives and wreak some sort of havoc , Burns ' popularity has led to his repeated inclusion in episodes . He is a stereotype of corporate America in his unquenchable desire to increase his own wealth and power , inability to remember his employees ' names ( including Homer 's , despite frequent interactions -- which has become a recurrent joke ) and lack of concern for their safety and well-being . Reflecting his advanced age , Burns is given to expressing dated humor , making references to Jazz Age popular culture , and aspiring to apply obsolete technology to everyday life . Conan O'Brien has called Burns his favorite character to write for , due to his arbitrarily old age and extreme wealth . Burns ' trademark expression is the word `` Excellent '' , muttered slowly in a low , sinister voice while steepling his fingertips . He occasionally orders Smithers to `` release the hounds '' , so as to let his vicious guard dogs attack any intruders , enemies or even invited guests . Burns is Springfield 's richest and most powerful citizen ( and also the richest person in Springfield 's state ; his current net worth has been given as $ 7.3 billion by Forbes , though it fluctuates wildly depending on the episode ) . He uses his power and wealth to do whatever he wants , usually without regard for consequences and without interference from the authorities . These qualities led Wizard Magazine to rate him the 45th greatest villain of all time . TV Guide named him # 2 in their 2013 list of The 60 Nastiest Villains of All Time . In 2016 , Rolling Stone ranked him # 8 of their `` 40 Greatest TV Villains of All Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e", "text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255", "text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3764e7234bddbc73d71d09c91b8f51e", "text": "List of The Simpsons video games The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa and Maggie . It is set in the fictional town of Springfield , and lampoons American culture , society and television , and many aspects of the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a pitch for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 and after a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became a hit series for Fox . The growing popularity of the series motivated video game developers to create video games based on the series . Two pinball machines have also been produced ; one self-titled , that was only made available for a limited time after the first season finale ( 1990 ) and The Simpsons Pinball Party ( 2003 ) . Additionally , several handheld device games have been released , such as Bartman : Avenger of Evil ( 1990 ) and Bart Simpson 's Cupcake Crisis ( 1991 ) . Video games based on the series have reached multiple platforms since their debut in 1991 . The Simpsons '' ' first video game release , The Simpsons , developed and published by Konami , saw a release on the Commodore 64 and DOS , while Bart vs. the Space Mutants ( 1991 ) , developed by Imagineering , expanded the franchise into new platforms , including the Amstrad CPC , NES and Master System . Over the next few years , the franchise would continue to expand , releasing system-exclusive games , such as the PC 's Cartoon Studio ( 1996 ) and the PlayStation 's The Simpsons Wrestling ( 2001 ) . The release of The Simpsons Game ( 2007 ) , developed by EA Redwood Shores ( Visceral Games ) , further expanded the franchise , appearing on new platforms including the Wii , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Due to the series ' longevity , The Simpsons video games have also spanned across many genres , such as the puzzle game Krusty 's Fun House ( 1992 ) , the sports game Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness ( 1994 ) and racing game Road Rage ( 2001 ) . The Simpsons is also one of the franchises spotlighted in the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions '' ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c65d10c50f0d291933aacb9c49d920d", "text": "Jimmy Hawkins James F. Hawkins ( born November 13 , 1941 ) , known as Jimmy Hawkins , and later , Jim Hawkins , is an American actor and film producer whose career began as a child actor to such Hollywood stars as Lana Turner , Spencer Tracy , James Stewart , and Donna Reed . His acting career spans the time frame from 1944 -- 1974 , after which he devoted his energies to the production of films and later to his construction/contracting business . Hawkins had starring roles in several television series : The Ruggles ( 1949 -- 1952 ) , Annie Oakley ( 1954 -- 1957 , syndicated ) , The Donna Reed Show ( 1958 -- 1966 , ABC ) , and Petticoat Junction ( the first four seasons , 1963 -- 1967 , CBS ) . He also had recurring roles as ( 1 ) a friend of the Nelson brothers on ABC 's The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet and ( 2 ) as Jonathan Baylor on CBS 's Ichabod and Me sitcom with Robert Sterling and George Chandler in the 1961 -- 1962 season . He guest starred in many other programs during his childhood and young adult years , such as the CBS sitcom , Dennis the Menace . Hawkins was born in Los Angeles to Thomas J. Hawkins ( 1913 -- 1993 ) and Bette C. Hawkins ( born c. 1916 ) . His first roles -- as a two-year-old -- were uncredited -- Spencer Tracy 's The Seventh Cross and Lana Turner 's Marriage Is a Private Affair at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios . His mother was the force behind his early childhood acting . He graduated from the Roman Catholic-affiliated Notre Dame High School in Sherman Oaks , Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55911d699a372c3a068f18c49f1f527c", "text": "The Simpsons (season 25) The Simpsons '' ' twenty-fifth season began airing on Fox on September 29 , 2013 and ended on May 18 , 2014 . In this season , Homer sells his Mapple stock to buy a bowling ball ; Marge blames herself and Kiss for Bart 's rebellious streak ( `` Four Regrettings and a Funeral '' ) ; Lisa becomes a cheerleader for Springfield 's football team ; and Homer delivers a baby ( `` Labor Pains '' ) . Guest stars for this season include Judd Apatow , Will Arnett , Anderson Cooper , Harlan Ellison , Zach Galifianakis , Stan Lee , Eva Longoria , Rachel Maddow , Elisabeth Moss , Joe Namath , Daniel Radcliffe , Aaron Sorkin , and Kristen Wiig . This is Al Jean 's 13th consecutive season as showrunner and 15th overall . Matt Groening , James L. Brooks , Matt Selman , and John Frink serve as executive producers . Executive producer Al Jean stated that Edna Krabappel will be retired from the show following the death of Marcia Wallace on October 25 , 2013 . February 2014 held back Simpsons episodes , due to the transmission of the Super Bowl XLVIII in East Rutherford , New Jersey , United States ; the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia ; the 2014 Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach , Florida , US ; and the 86th Academy Awards in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . This season The Simpsons '' won three Primetime Emmy Awards out of four nominations , including an Primetime Emmy Award for Character Voice-Over Performance to Harry Shearer , who was the last member of the main cast to earn the award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d63b9a16281f3f8897a32ff7364e6c4", "text": "Das Bus `` Das Bus '' is the fourteenth episode of The Simpsons ' ninth season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 15 , 1998 . In an extended parody of Lord of the Flies , Bart , Lisa and other children from Springfield Elementary School are stranded on an island and are forced to work together . Meanwhile , Homer founds his own Internet company . It was written by David S. Cohen and directed by Pete Michels . Guest star James Earl Jones narrates the final scene of the episode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33b5253b273790f5cf9b0421c406a31a", "text": "A.C.O.D. A.C.O.D. is a 2013 American comedy film directed by Stu Zicherman , based on a script by Zicherman and Ben Karlin , and starring Adam Scott , Amy Poehler , Jessica Alba and Jane Lynch . The name of the film is an abbreviation for Adult Children of Divorce . Teddy Schwarzman produced the film through his Black Bear Pictures production company . Other stars include Richard Jenkins , Mary Elizabeth Winstead and Catherine O'Hara , with Ken Howard and Clark Duke in supporting roles . The film was released in the U.S. on October 4 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6201194da41582b960369d5ebf9fea7b", "text": "Rosebud (The Simpsons) `` Rosebud '' is the fourth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 21 , 1993 . The episode begins by showing how on the eve of his birthday , Mr. Burns starts to miss his childhood teddy bear Bobo . The bear ends up in the hands of Maggie Simpson and Burns does everything in his power to get Bobo returned to him . `` Rosebud '' was written by John Swartzwelder and was the first episode to be executive produced by David Mirkin , who was the show runner for the fifth and sixth seasons of the show . Directed by Wes Archer , supervising director David Silverman describes the episode as `` one of the more challenging ones '' to direct . The Ramones ( Joey Ramone , Johnny Ramone , C. J. Ramone and Marky Ramone ) guest star in the episode as themselves . The episode is largely a parody of the 1941 film Citizen Kane and the title references Charles Foster Kane 's dying word `` Rosebud '' . The episode also contains references to The Wizard of Oz , Planet of the Apes , George Burns , Charles Lindbergh , The Rolling Stones and Adolf Hitler . Critical reaction to `` Rosebud '' was largely positive and in 2003 Entertainment Weekly placed the episode in second place on their list of the 25 best episodes of The Simpsons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "761015fc91bfb1cd2299e77aea75b153", "text": "Jon Gries Jonathan Francis `` Jon '' Gries ( born June 17 , 1957 ) is an American actor , writer and director . He is also credited under the names Jon Francis and Jonathan Gries . He is best known for his role in Napoleon Dynamite as Uncle Rico , and also more recently as recurring character Roger Linus on Lost . He is also known for his roles in Martin , The Pretender , and Running Scared .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ebd5f3d4b825edb9d3af4f89ac4ab7e", "text": "Gregory Jbara Gregory Jbara ( -LSB- dʒəˈbɑrə -RSB- born September 28 , 1961 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "955de93aba8f65459d3c0722dc962680", "text": "Treehouse of Horror IV `` Treehouse of Horror IV '' is the fifth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season and the fourth episode in the Treehouse of Horror series of Halloween specials . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 28 , 1993 , and features three short stories called `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , and `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' . The episode was directed by David Silverman and co-written by Conan O'Brien , Bill Oakley , Josh Weinstein , Greg Daniels , Dan McGrath , and Bill Canterbury . In `` The Devil and Homer Simpson '' , Homer Simpson announces he would sell his soul for a doughnut , and the Devil appears to make a deal with Homer . Homer tries to outsmart the Devil by not finishing the doughnut but eventually eats it and is sent to Hell . A trial is held between Homer and the Devil to determine the rightful owner of Homer 's soul . In `` Terror at 5 1/2 Feet '' , while riding the bus to school , Bart Simpson believes he sees a gremlin taking apart the bus piece by piece . Nobody sees it except for Bart , so he tries to remove it on his own . In `` Bart Simpson 's Dracula '' , Mr. Burns is a vampire and Bart falls victim to his bite . Lisa and the rest of the family go to Burns ' castle to kill Burns so Bart can return to normal . As with the rest of the Halloween specials , the episode is considered non-canon and falls outside of the show 's regular continuity . The episode makes cultural references to television series such as The Twilight Zone , Night Gallery , and Peanuts . References are also made to films such as Bram Stoker 's Dracula and The Lost Boys . Since airing , the episode has received mostly positive reviews from television critics . It acquired a Nielsen rating of 14.5 , and was the highest-rated show on the Fox network the week it aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7c0bfc8f20a1c2a5313f9219913939e", "text": "Another Simpsons Clip Show `` Another Simpsons Clip Show '' is the third episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on September 25 , 1994 . In the episode , Marge reads a romance novel in bed , and it prompts her to have a family meeting , where the Simpson family recall their past loves in form of clips from previous episodes . The episode was written by Jon Vitti ( credited as `` Penny Wise '' ) and directed by David Silverman . It is the second The Simpsons episode featuring a clip show format and uses clips from all the previous five seasons . The episode features cultural references to the 1992 book The Bridges of Madison County and the 1967 film The Graduate . The episode has received rather negative reviews , since clip shows tend to be the least favorite episodes among fans . It acquired a Nielsen rating of 8.7 and was the fourth highest rated show on the Fox network that week .", "title": "" } ]
fever
1d3c82093cf44d419cedd9f2ed9f3344
March was the month Jennifer Grey was born on.
[ { "docid": "7521a7c459d159ea8c8f95b0e27b44c2", "text": "Jennifer Grey Jennifer Grey ( born March 26 , 1960 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the 1980s films Ferris Bueller 's Day Off ( 1986 ) and Dirty Dancing ( 1987 ) , for which Grey earned a Golden Globe Award nomination . She is also known for her 2010 victory in season eleven of the American version of Strictly Come Dancing . Grey is the daughter of Academy Award -- winning actor Joel Grey and former actress/singer Jo Wilder . Grey currently stars in the Amazon Studios comedy series Red Oaks .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e24a9729571cfc99217e272e518fdd62", "text": "Carrie Pilby Carrie Pilby is a coming-of-age novel by Caren Lissner , first published by Red Dress Ink in 2003 , then re-released on July 1 , 2010 for teenage readers under the new imprint Harlequin Teen . It was among the first novels published by Harlequin Enterprises 's Red Dress Ink imprint , an imprint created primarily to take advantage of the then-burgeoning `` chick lit '' phenomenon that included humorous books about young single women like Bridget Jones ' Diary . In its first incarnation , Carrie Pilby was noted in various newspaper articles as one of the smarter and more original novels in the genre . It proved successful , selling more than 50,000 copies . Neil Genzlinger of The New York Times referred to the novel as `` hilarious '' in an August 10 , 2003 story . After the chick lit market became saturated , Harlequin stopped publishing novels under the Red Dress Ink imprint in 2009 , but Carrie Pilby was selected to be re-published on July 1 , 2010 as one of the first books in the new Harlequin Teen line for teenagers . It was republished with a new cover for teens and some of the technology referred to in the novel was slightly modernized ( Carrie was now renting DVDs instead of videos ) . The novel was released in France on June 1 , 2010 as one of the first four titles released under the French Harlequin imprint for teens , Darkiss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccce98c79e7ac3a85f4ba543ee650306", "text": "March 3", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adebecfcdb137aa30164e6c1a24b580a", "text": "Stacy Sanches Stacy Elizabeth Sanches , also known as Stacy Sanchez ( born September 4 , 1973 ) , is an American model and actress . She was Playboy 's Playmate of the Month for March 1995 and Playboy 's Playmate of the Year for 1996 . In June 1996 , she was chosen Playmate of the Month for the German edition of Playboy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60291921c9d70e2f620363d76abb3c5d", "text": "Jenny Colgan Jenny Colgan ( born 14 September 1972 in Prestwick , Ayrshire , Scotland ) is a writer of romantic comedy fiction and science-fiction , and has written for the Doctor Who line of stories . She writes under her own name and using the pseudonyms Jane Beaton and J. T. Colgan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f537425a4607f3d59d784debbd38c918", "text": "Mayte Garcia Mayte Jannell Garcia ( -LSB- ˈmaɪteɪ -RSB- born November 12 , 1973 ) is an American belly dancer , actress , author , singer , and choreographer . She is of Puerto Rican ancestry . Garcia was born on a military base in Alabama ; during her childhood , her parents relocated throughout the United States and Germany as a result of her father 's military reassignments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa372d29b902c23059f58e6252227e94", "text": "Jennifer Grant Jennifer Diane Grant ( born February 26 , 1966 ) is an American actress , the only child of actors Cary Grant and Dyan Cannon . She is best known for roles in the television series Beverly Hills , 90210 and Movie Stars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32d175831019fcb0b60438ef54112477", "text": "Kathy Mar Kathy Mar ( -LSB- ˈmɑr -RSB- from Chinese by analogy with non-rhotic accents ) worked as a professional folksinger and street performer in Denver , Colorado for many years before she discovered filk . Her first recordings were for Off Centaur Publications ( Songbird , On a Bright Wind , Bamboo Wind ) and she went on to do two albums with Thor Records ( Plus Ça Change , Plus C'est La Même Chose ) which have recently been re-released as a CD double . She also did an album for Dandelion Digital ( Made by Magic ) with British songwriter Zander Nyrond which was one of the first filk CDs ever produced . Her cover album of her favorite filk and folk songs on Prometheus ( My Favorite Sings ) has been her most successful to date . She was inducted into the Filk Hall of Fame in only the second year of its existence . With Lindy Sears , she instigated the ` Dandelion Conspiracy ' to promote filk to general SF conventions . She was Filk Guest of Honor at Denvention 3 , the 66th World Science Fiction Convention . Kathy lives in San Leandro , CA in a commune and is the mother of Michael ( 1970 -- 1982 ) , Melanie ( 1972 ) and twins Nicolas and Cassandra ( 1985 ) . Her primary life partner Dean Dierschow ( familiar as her most devoted roadie ) lives there with her in what she refers to as ' a wonderful ongoing courtship ' . She was very involved in the antiwar movement in the sixties and sang in Kansas City for the first Moratorium . She has appeared as Guest of Honour at almost every filk convention and many regular SF conventions as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d44171fbd50a9617a851364a4469759e", "text": "March 28", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cba7b20f4b31889a3ba7644643c444c7", "text": "George Lotrell Timanus George Lotrell Timanus ( January 31 , 1892 -- June 1981 ) was a physician who performed illegal abortions in the Baltimore/Washington , D.C. area from 1920 to 1951 . Timanus and one other abortion provider performed an estimated 90 % criminal abortions in Baltimore . In 1950 , Timanus used his criminal trial to challenge the abortion laws in the United States , as Aleck Bourne had done in the UK . However , his trial and that of another doctor , Edgar Keemer , were not understood as challenges by the public , and Timanus and Keemer did not recruit other doctors or patients to their cause in a way that might have built a movement or sparked national conversation . He was fined $ 5,000 , sentenced to six months in jail , and barred from further practice of medicine . Timanus participated in the Planned Parenthood Conference on Abortion in America in 1955 . He gave a detailed breakdown of his patients , of whom he kept meticulous records , noting that of 5,200 women on whom he had performed abortions , only two had died . As Garrett Hardin noted , this 0.04 % rate , in the days before antibiotics , was not only far lower than the mortality rate for women carrying to term at the time , but still only half the maternal mortality rate a generation later . At the conference , Timanus also lamented that of the 353 doctors who referred patients to him -- some of them , Timanus claimed , with letters recommending abortion -- none stood up to testify for him when he was arrested . Timanus asked referring doctors to make a written statement that the abortion was necessary because her life would otherwise be jeopardized . The breakdown of Timanus ' patients was as follows : Age 12 - 15 : 17 Age 16 - 20 : 688 Age 21 - 25 : 1,834 Age 26 - 30 : 1,268 Age 31 - 40 : 1,312 Age 41 + : 91 Single : 1,830 Married : 2,773 Widowed/Divorced/Separated : 607 Physicians : 7 Wives of physicians : 58 Nurses : 270 Mary Calderone , then Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America , noted that Timanus `` certainly seemed to be very competent and professional . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a6f8aaaf3a491cbacc85713bdace648", "text": "Grey Grey ( British English ) or gray ( American English ; see spelling differences ) is an intermediate color between black and white . It is a neutral or achromatic color , meaning literally that it is a color `` without color . '' This means that there are equal components of red , green , and blue . The variations in intensity of these colors uniformly produce different shades of grey . It is the color of a cloud-covered sky , of ash and of lead . The first recorded use of grey as a color name in the English language was in AD 700 . Grey is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English , although gray remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century . Gray has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825 , although grey is an accepted variant . In Europe and the United States , surveys show that grey is the color most commonly associated with neutrality , conformity , boredom , uncertainty , old age , indifference , and modesty . Only one percent of respondents chose it as their favorite color .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0eb969ef0c2d14090bf0aab6fd1527f2", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 4) The fourth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , commenced airing in the United States on September 27 , 2007 and concluded on May 22 , 2008 . The season continues the story of a group of surgeons and their mentors in the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital , describing their professional lives and the way they affect the personal background of each character . Season four had twelve series regulars with ten of them returning from the previous season , out of which eight are part of the original cast from the first season . The season aired in the Thursday night timeslot at 9:00 EST. . In addition to the regular seventeen episodes , a clip-show narrated by the editors of People recapped previous events of the show and made the transition from Grey 's Anatomy to Private Practice , a spin-off focusing of Dr. Addison Montgomery and aired on September 19 , 2007 , before the season premiere . The season was officially released on DVD as a five-disc boxset under the title of Grey 's Anatomy : Season Four -- Expanded on September 9 , 2008 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment . For the first time in the show 's history , many cast changes occur , seeing the first departure of two main cast members . Despite garnering several awards and nominations for the cast members and the production team , the season received a mixed response from critics and fans . Show creator Shonda Rhimes heavily contributed to the production of the season , writing five out of the seventeen episodes . The highest-rated episode was the season premiere , which was watched by 20.93 million viewers . The season was interrupted by the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike , which resulted in the production of only seventeen episodes , instead of twenty-three originally planned .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5b38d005cde744f8682746e33aa478b", "text": "Jennifer Paige Jennifer Paige ( born September 3 , 1973 ) is an American singer and songwriter . She is best known for the 1998 pop hit `` Crush '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c965c4336abfaa9e3cadd5e58a5b1edb", "text": "Soap opera rapid aging syndrome Soap opera rapid aging syndrome ( SORAS ) is the practice of accelerating the age of a television or film character ( usually a child or teenager ) in conflict with the timeline of a series and/or the real-world progression of time . This allows for , for instance , storylines around a pregnancy and birth to be relatively quickly followed by storylines around the travails of that child as a teenager or young adult . This is usually accomplished by recasting the actor playing the part , although in some cases the character is not shown onscreen , only mentioned , until after they have been `` rapidly aged '' . The process originated ( and is most commonly used ) in daytime soap operas , though it is also sometimes used in prime time shows . On sitcoms , a newborn infant character is sometimes aged quickly into a kindergartner , for greater comic potential , as was done with the character Chrissy Seaver on Growing Pains in 1990 . The term was coined by Soap Opera Weekly founding editor-in-chief Mimi Torchin in the early days of the magazine , which began publishing in 1989 . It is now widely used in the soap opera media and is sometimes used as a verb as well ( `` the character was SORASed '' ) . Torchin has jokingly called it `` my one greatest contribution to the world of soap operas . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1de40d2267a6e91ed08a3b025ee0eb15", "text": "Jennifer Allison Jennifer Allison is an American author of mystery novels who is best known as the author of the Gilda Joyce children 's series of books . Born Jennifer Allison Brostrom , she grew up in Saline , Michigan and is a 1984 graduate from Saline High School . Jennifer holds a BA from the University of Michigan , where she attended on a music scholarship , but soon became more interested in literature and writing . She also holds an M.F.A. from American University . Her first book was written while she was living in San Francisco , California and was published in July 2005 . She currently resides in Chicago , Illinois .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9b67eb941f602905ca05109a315fac4", "text": "March 12", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e810b18b639466026dea3ac2b2b2b3b5", "text": "Lawrence Grey (producer) Lawrence Grey is a Canadian-American film and television producer . Grey launched his production company Grey Matter Productions in 2013 . Grey Matter 's first film , Lights Out , was released by Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema on July 22 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb5a280496c6840c4c15eb6bd67efcaf", "text": "Chandra Wilson Chandra Danette Wilson ( born August 27 , 1969 ) is an American actress , known for her role as Dr. Miranda Bailey in the ABC television drama Grey 's Anatomy since 2005 , for which she has been nominated for the Emmy for Best Supporting Actress four times . She made her New York stage debut in 1991 and began to land guest spots on a variety of prime-time television shows . She made her first film appearance in the 1993 film Philadelphia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ceb93db6ad57bbcd5bad960deed9a06", "text": "Paris Grey Paris Grey ( born Shanna Jackson , November 5 , 1965 , Glencoe , Illinois , United States ) is an American singer , most known for her work with the Detroit-based techno-music producer Kevin Saunderson , as Inner City . The group found international crossover success in the late 1980s and early 1990s with a mixture of electronic beats , sweeping synthetic strings , and Paris 's soulful vocals on tracks such as `` Good Life , '' `` Big Fun , '' and `` Ai n't Nobody Better . '' Grey recorded three Inner City albums , a Detroit techno compilation album , and an extended remix collection of Inner City tracks . A notable project for Grey prior to joining Inner City was the Chicago House 12-inch club hit `` Do n't Make Me Jack ( Tonite I Wan na House You ) '' on Housetime Records . Originally , Grey sang gospel music .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67564ba718b1c303442a2ebb159257bf", "text": "Stephanie March Stephanie Caroline March ( born ) is an American actress . She is best known for her role as Alexandra Cabot in the long-running NBC series , Law & Order : Special Victims Unit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee09479c2b972c8b2a6a4bc05cdac836", "text": "Greydon Square Eddie Collins ( born September 28 , 1981 ) , better known by his stage name Greydon Square , is an American rapper from Compton , California . He is a former U.S. Army soldier and Iraq War veteran who is also an outspoken atheist . He promotes discussion on philosophical issues in both his music and life . He has been named as the 47th top atheist , and has referred to himself as the `` Black Carl Sagan '' after the name being used in a Phoenix New Times article .", "title": "" } ]
fever
02da97e6e2cda23c879049eb00a75629
Ben Whishaw was in Perfume: The Store of a Murderer.
[ { "docid": "fcdf6f6a70f1cb4850ef60e582c159cd", "text": "Ben Whishaw Benjamin John `` Ben '' Whishaw ( born 14 October 1980 ) is an English actor . He is known for his stage role as Hamlet ; his roles in the television series Nathan Barley , Criminal Justice , The Hour and London Spy ; and film roles including Perfume : The Story of a Murderer ( 2006 ) , I 'm Not There ( 2007 ) , Bright Star ( 2009 ) , Brideshead Revisited ( 2008 ) , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) , The Lobster ( 2015 ) , Suffragette ( 2015 ) and The Danish Girl ( 2015 ) . He has also played the role of Q in the James Bond films starting with Skyfall ( 2012 ) , and was the voice of Paddington Bear in the 2014 film , Paddington .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e91a8d71895ca002c58a7443348843bc", "text": "Dead End (1937 film) Dead End is a 1937 crime drama film directed by William Wyler . It is an adaptation of the Sidney Kingsley 1935 Broadway play of the same name . It stars Humphrey Bogart , Joel McCrea , and Sylvia Sidney . It is notable as being the first film appearance of the Dead End Kids .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54b0aeef7c35f212e05ae89bfd34fe3b", "text": "James Chadwin James Armstrong Chadwin QC ( 7 June 1930 -- 16 January 2006 ) was a prominent British barrister , whose cases included defending Peter Sutcliffe , the `` Yorkshire Ripper '' . Chadwin was born in Glasgow and educated at the High School of Glasgow , Glasgow University ( where he read modern languages and met the woman he was to marry ) and Jesus College , Oxford . Whilst at Oxford , he was active as an actor and director in university theatre and also joined the Oxford University Air Squadron . He then spent six years in the Royal Air Force as an education officer at RAF Sandwich , his eyesight not being good enough to enable him to be a pilot . He was then called to the bar by Gray 's Inn in 1958 and joined chambers in Newcastle upon Tyne where his contemporaries included Peter Taylor , later Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales . Chadwin practised mainly in the field of criminal law and became a Queen 's Counsel in 1976 . He also became a Recorder in the same year , presiding over some trials at the Old Bailey . He was later appointed a Bencher of Gray 's Inn and , in 1988 , Leader of the Northern Circuit . Chadwin represented Peter Sutcliffe in 1981 . Sutcliffe had admitted killing 13 women and attempting to kill seven others . Four psychiatrists reported on Sutcliffe and diagnosed paranoid schizophrenia , and Sir Michael Havers QC , the Attorney-General , was prepared to accept a plea of guilty to manslaughter on the grounds of diminished responsibility . However , the trial judge , Mr Justice Boreham , refused to accept this plea and so Sutcliffe was tried for murder . Chadwin 's attempts to secure a manslaughter verdict failed , although the jury returned a majority verdict of 10:2 reflecting doubts that two jurors had . Apart from Sutcliffe , his clients included Anthony Arkwright , who committed four murders in an apparent attempt to emulate Sutcliffe . He also represented Donna Anthony , who was convicted of killing her two children . The prosecution relied on evidence from Professor Sir Roy Meadow , whose evidence was later discredited . Chadwin appeared unsuccessfully for Donna Anthony on her first appeal , but illness prevented him representing her on her second , successful , appeal . Amongst his civil cases , Miller v. Jackson was a Court of Appeal decision on whether a cricket club was liable in nuisance and negligence to neighbouring residents when sixes were hit by players into their garden . Chadwin represented the neighbours and obtained an award of damages , although the injunction that had been granted at trial against the cricket club was overturned on appeal . Chadwin , who was married with four children , died in 2006 . His obituary in The Times described him in this way :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a", "text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90fd19e194f6ba3af3c6057573fc1212", "text": "Fraser Ayres Fraser Stuart Ayres ( born 1980 ) is an English actor , best known for his role as Clint in the BBC comedy series The Smoking Room . Ayres first joined the youth core at the Haymarket Theatre in Leicester and has done other television including Bella and The Boys , Unconditional Love , London 's Burning , The Vice and Trail Of Guilt . His stage work brought him Best Actor awards for his performance in The People Next Door and he has also starred in Ramayana , Telling Tales , Four and Bluebird , Workers Writes , Vurt , Sandman , and Mercury Fur . His film work includes Revenger 's Tragedy , Intimacy , It Was An Accident , Speak Like A Child , Dinner For Two , Rage , and Kevin & Perry Go Large . Most recently he played `` Ray '' in the BBC Three drama pilot West 10 LDN ( also known as W10 LDN ) . In 2007 , Ayres appeared in Little Miss Jocelyn and in 2011 , he starred in the one off BBC Christmas show , Lapland . In 2015 Ayres appeared as Theo Bainbridge in the ITV series Midsomer Murders episode 17.2 `` Murder by Magic '' . In 2016 , Ayres joined the cast of the Talawa Theatre Company and Royal Exchange Manchester co-production of King Lear . The Daily Telegraph praised `` Fraser Ayres 's chillingly sociopathic Edmund , the amoral face of an emerging , modern calculating politics '' , while The Guardian said `` Ayres is one of the most dangerously unstable Edmunds of recent times '' , the Manchester Evening News noted that `` Fraser Ayres near re-writes the scale of Edmund 's anger towards his illegitimate father the Earl of Gloucester ( Philip Whitchurch ) '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c710a4d740412a4e58c3212cc9cddfa", "text": "Willy Clarkson William Berry `` Willy '' Clarkson ( 1861 - 12 October 1934 ) was a theatrical costume designer and wigmaker . A 1900 article in the theatrical newspaper The Era stated that `` Not to know Willy Clarkson and his doings is to be out of the theatrical world , for Willy Clarkson , with the bright and easy ( though sometimes anxious ) manner is ever hovering `` before and behind . '' Scarcely any big production in London is undertaken without the aid of the owner of the Wellington-street wiggeries . '' Clarkson 's father had been making wigs since 1833 and Willy Clarkson took over his father 's business in 1878 . In an 1898 court case Clarkson was fined for the offence of employing women in a factory on a Sunday . Author James Morton described Clarkson as `` the more notorious of Soho 's blackmailers of the interwar years '' in his 2012 book Gangland Soho . Morton describes a public lavatory in Soho 's Dansey Place as being known locally as Clarkson 's Cottage , and wrote that Clarkson was an accomplished insurance fraudster , with 11 of 12 premises Clarkson occupied having burnt down . Willy Clarkson drafted his will himself and did not leave the residue of his estate to any particular person . This meant that upon his death his estate would have been forfeit to the crown . A solicitor 's clerk , William C. Hobbs , then forged Clarkson 's will in his favour with the help of lawyer Edmond O'Connor . Hobbes was later sentenced to five years in prison for this crime and O'Connor seven . A London County Council blue plaque unveiled in 1966 commemorates Clarkson at 41-43 Wardour Street in Soho . The foundation stone of Clarkson 's Wardour Street premises ( then Wellington Street ) was laid by the actress Sarah Bernhardt and the coping stone by actor Henry Irving . Clarkson 's occupied the building from 1905 to 1940 . On his death in 1934 Clarkson was buried in a modest grave in the Actors ' Acre in Brookwood Cemetery . Harry J. Greenwall published The Strange Life of Willy Clarkson : An Experiment in Biography in 1936 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5", "text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34548a96ad38172362c26ffbc84eff6c", "text": "Mrs. Harris Mrs. Harris is a 2005 American-British drama film written and directed by Phyllis Nagy . The teleplay , based on the book Very Much a Lady by Shana Alexander , focuses on the tempestuous relationship between Herman Tarnower , noted cardiologist and author of the New York Times bestseller The Complete Scarsdale Medical Diet , and headmistress Jean Harris . Produced by Killer Films , Number 9 Films , and John Wells for HBO Films , it premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 16 , 2005 , before its broadcast on HBO on February 25 , 2006 . The film stars Annette Bening as Jean Harris , Ben Kingsley as Herman Tarnower , Cloris Leachman as Tarnower 's sister , and Chloë Sevigny as his secretary and lover . The film also features a cameo performance by Ellen Burstyn as one of Tarnower 's previous girlfriends ; Burstyn played Jean Harris in the made-for-television movie , The People vs. Jean Harris ( 1981 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6fd51c47155f2591658ba48ad02eb14", "text": "William Abney (actor) William Edward Charles Wootton Abney ( 7 January 1921 -- 9 August 1997 ) played Reverend Copley on Coronation Street in 1977 , and Jim Lorimer in 1980 . His other television credits include The Adventures of William Tell , Crossroads , Special Branch , Play for Today , All Creatures Great and Small , Robin 's Nest and The Return of Sherlock Holmes . The son of Henry Charles Wootton Abney , of the landed gentry family of Abney of Measham Hall , Derbyshire , by his wife , Janet Bentley Littlejohn , Abney was educated at Cranleigh School and the Central School of Speech and Drama . As a film actor , Abney appeared in Horrors of the Black Museum ( 1959 ) , Never Take Sweets from a Stranger ( 1960 ) , Two-Way Stretch , ( 1960 ) , Cone of Silence ( 1960 ) , The City of the Dead ( 1960 ) , Hitler : The Last Ten Days ( 1973 ) , The Legacy ( 1979 ) , North Sea Hijack ( 1980 ) and Curse of the Pink Panther ( 1983 ) . As a writer , Abney wrote the story for `` Poor Butterfly '' ( 1969 ) , an episode of Journey to the Unknown ( TV series ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43b0305c9b11efa9b4f3e8bd0a82be28", "text": "Cleaner (crime) A cleaner , or fixer , is a person who `` cleans up '' after crimes to physically erase their trace or uses pressure or bribes to limit fallout from a criminal act . A fixer plays a similar but often less hands-on role , often minimizing bad publicity for public officials or media figures by quelling stories of their misadventures , but also capable of more heavyhanded tactics , as necessary . A cleaner may destroy or remove incriminating evidence at the scene of a crime . A popular figure in crime fiction , a cleaner may also be a contract killer who commits murder to `` clean up '' a situation . Cleaner is also a slang term for someone , usually a member of a crime organization or a covert government agency , who disposes of a corpse after a hit . In contrast , legal crime scene cleanup is a legitimate industry , eliminating blood and other biohazardous materials such as dangerous chemicals used in an illegal drug lab as permitted by responsible authorities . A fictional example of a cleaner is Shoulders from the comic strip Dick Tracy . More contemporary are the roles played by Jean Reno as Victor in the film La Femme Nikita ( 1990 ) , Harvey Keitel as Victor in Point of No Return ( 1993 ) , and a year later as a Mr. Wolf in Quentin Tarantino 's Pulp Fiction ( 1994 ) ( parodied on Seinfeld ` s episode 155 , `` The Muffin Tops '' ( 1997 ) , where Newman makes the problem of leftover muffin stumps go away by eating them ) , and George Clooney as the title character in Michael Clayton . On television , similar roles are played by Jonathan Banks as Mike Ehrmantraut in the TV series Breaking Bad and its prequel , Better Call Saul , Liev Schreiber in the title role of Showtime 's Ray Donovan , Paige Turco as recurring character Zoe Morgan in Person of Interest , and Susan Blommaert as `` Mr. Kaplan '' in The Blacklist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c604d53c26b27367f3098e7730b1bb1d", "text": "Disappearance of Suzy Lamplugh Susanna `` Suzy '' Lamplugh ( -LSB- ˈlæmpluː -RSB- born 3 May 1961 ) was a British estate agent reported missing on 28 July 1986 ( aged 25 ) in Fulham , southwest London , England . She was officially declared dead , presumed murdered , in 1994 . The last clue of her whereabouts was an appointment to show a house in Shorrolds Road to someone she referred to as `` Mr Kipper '' . Following her disappearance , police tested the DNA of 800 unidentified bodies and skeletal remains that matched Lamplugh 's description . In August 2010 , police began a new search of a field off the B4084 between Pershore and Drakes Broughton . The area is about three miles away from the former Norton Barracks in Worcestershire , which was searched in December 2000 and February 2001 . In December 2000 , police had searched a nearby brickworks , which several witnesses had mentioned in their original statements . The search proved unsuccessful and her remains have not been found .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32a207776d3037ca7ba9c8a9435f20b7", "text": "Whiffs Whiffs is a 1975 comedy film directed by Ted Post , produced by Brut Productions and released theatrically in the U.S. by 20th Century Fox . It stars Elliott Gould as a gullible military private who volunteers to be the subject of numerous military biological and chemical weaponry experiments , and later robs banks as a result .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b03aa8a984371c478a228e260737c5c", "text": "Gorse Trilogy The Gorse Trilogy is a series of three novels , the last published works of the author Patrick Hamilton . The stories follow the anti-hero Ernest Ralph Gorse , whose heartlessness and lack of scruple are matched only by the inventiveness and panache with which he swindles his victims . He is thought to have been based on the real-life con-man and murderer Neville George Heath , executed in 1946 . Gorse insinuates himself into the lives of his victims with his good looks and easy confidence , and always with a good story . His victims are women , and he flatters his way into their affections until he is in a position to turn things to his advantage . Graham Greene called The West Pier `` the best book written about Brighton '' , while L.P. Hartley said , `` The entertainment value of this brilliantly told story could hardly be higher . '' Writing for The Independent , critic D. J. Taylor called Unknown Assailant `` an inferior work '' while The Guardian called it `` drink-soaked . '' An adaptation of Mr Stimpson and Mr Gorse was produced by ITV in 1987 ( called The Charmer and starring Nigel Havers ) . The West Pier ( 1952 ) Mr. Stimpson and Mr. Gorse ( 1953 ) Unknown Assailant ( 1955 ) Gorse also appears as a secondary villain in the novel Johnny Alucard by Kim Newman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4d0e1086b642ca16abc4f143ac26320", "text": "Murder by Numbers Murder by Numbers is a 2002 American psychological thriller film produced and directed by Barbet Schroeder starring Sandra Bullock , Ben Chaplin , Ryan Gosling and Michael Pitt . It is loosely based on the Leopold and Loeb case . The film was screened at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival , but was not entered in competition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "049c05ee25f482cc780e9549733daaf1", "text": "Penhaligon's Penhaligon 's is a British perfume house . It was founded in the late 1860s by William Henry Penhaligon , a Cornish barber who moved to London and who became Court Barber and Perfumer to Queen Victoria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d2bb45a5f2aea093d95be6b86f5b416", "text": "Cast of Criminals Cast of Criminals is the 97th novel in the Hardy Boys Series and no. 48 in the Mystery Digest Series and was written by Franklin W. Dixon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e205afec5af3b7cf053703b5529d58f7", "text": "Mr Benn Mr Benn is a character created by David McKee who appears in several children 's books , and an animated television series of the same name originally transmitted by the BBC in 1971 and 1972 . Whether in a book , or on television , Mr Benn 's adventures take on a similar pattern . Mr Benn , a man wearing a black suit and bowler hat , leaves his house at 52 Festive Road and visits a fancy-dress costume shop where he is invited by the moustachioed , fez-wearing shopkeeper to try on a particular outfit . He leaves the shop through a magic door at the back of the changing room and enters a world appropriate to his costume , where he has an adventure ( which usually contains a moral ) before the shopkeeper reappears to lead him back to the changing room , and the story comes to an end . Mr Benn returns to his normal life , but is left with a small souvenir of his magical adventure . Additionally , scenes before and after his adventure usually have some connection to it , such as the games the children are playing in the street as he passes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "412a48efee12115a2581aa8e49d88256", "text": "The Squeaker (1937 film) The Squeaker is a 1937 British crime film directed by William K. Howard and starring Edmund Lowe , Sebastian Shaw and Ann Todd . Edmund Lowe reprised his stage performance in the role of Inspector Barrabal . It is based on the novel The Squeaker by Edgar Wallace . The Squeaker is underworld slang for informer . The film is sometimes known by its U.S. alternative title Murder on Diamond Row .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c1071d3bf49604edab16446fc5a0ab3", "text": "In the Flesh (1998 film) In the Flesh is a 1998 independent gay-themed murder mystery film , produced , written , and directed by Ben Taylor . It is set in Atlanta , Georgia where it was filmed on a very low budget , according to the writer-director . It tells how two gay men on both sides of the law are brought together as intimate friends amid the dark events and circumstances that surround them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec0fa176931f5f08a0a3e7d8d26e495a", "text": "Harry Benham Harry Benham ( February 26 , 1884 -- July 17 , 1969 ) was an American silent film actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e8fc57aa0fdad4811a65d23769c705f", "text": "The Boogeyman (1980 film) The Boogeyman ( released in the United Kingdom as The Bogey Man ) is a 1980 American supernatural horror film directed by Ulli Lommel and starring Suzanna Love , John Carradine , and Ron James . The movie 's title refers to the long-held superstition of boogeymen beings , and its plot concerns an adult brother and sister who are targeted by the ghost of their mother 's deceased boyfriend which has been freed from an imprisoned mirror . The film has received mixed to negative critical reviews , with criticism mainly regarding the heavy similarities from earlier horror films such as Halloween , The Exorcist , and The Amityville Horror . However , the movie became successful enough commercially to make the film-makers eager to release sequels , resulting in the film being followed by Boogeyman II and Return of the Boogeyman .", "title": "" } ]
fever
2884acc81d705aa5ca677cd1ec1e537a
Arrow is available on DVD only in region 3.
[ { "docid": "1b1158643eea1a0b9eb86ecee69d26d0", "text": "Arrow (TV series) Arrow is an American action crime television series developed by writer/producers Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim , and Andrew Kreisberg . It is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . It premiered in North America on The CW on October 10 , 2012 , with international broadcasting taking place in late 2012 . Primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , the series follows billionaire playboy Oliver Queen ( Stephen Amell ) , who , five years after being stranded on a hostile island , returns home to fight crime and corruption as a secret vigilante whose weapon of choice is a bow and arrow . The series takes a new look at the Green Arrow character , as well as other characters from the DC Comics universe . Although Oliver Queen/Green Arrow had been featured in the television series Smallville from 2006 to 2011 , on the CW , the producers decided to start clean and find a new actor to portray the character . Arrow focuses on the humanity of Oliver Queen , and how he was changed by time spent shipwrecked on an island . Most episodes in the first five seasons have flashback scenes to the five years in which Oliver was missing . Arrow has received generally positive reviews from critics . The series averaged about 3.68 million viewers over the course of the first season and received several awards and multiple nominations . To promote it , a preview comic book was released before the television series began , while webisodes featuring a product tie-in with Bose were developed for the second season . The first four seasons are available on DVD and Blu-ray in regions 1 , 2 and 4 ; a soundtrack was also released for the first two seasons . In October 2014 , a spin-off series set in the same universe , titled The Flash , premiered . In August 2015 , an animated spin-off , Vixen , was released , while a second live-action spin-off , Legends of Tomorrow , premiered in January 2016 , featuring a number of characters from Arrow and The Flash . On March 11 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fifth season , which premiered on October 5 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a sixth season .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "3348ee2a7f3313275e721fbd9f5b41c7", "text": "Kapiushon Kapiushon is the seventeen episode of the fifth season of Arrow . The episode features Oliver Queen being tortured by main villain Adrian Chase after being captured in the previous episode . Malcolm Merlyn and Evelyn Sharp return in this episode . The episode received acclaim from critics and has been dubbed the best episode of the season . The episode is notable in the fact it is primarily a flashback episode and primarily only features Oliver Queen and Adrian Chase while having minor roles from Evelyn Sharp , Diggle , Curtis Holt and Felicity Smoak", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e4b1dfbee801d56c9e962b20487cdd2", "text": "List of movie television channels Movie channels are television specialty channels that present film content . Popular movie channels : AMC United States Europe Aruj TV ( Pakistan ) Canal Hollywood ( Portugal and Spain ) ClassTV MSNBC ( Italy ) Cinelatino ( United States ) Cinema1 ( Pakistan ) Cinema One ( Philippines ) Cinemax ( United States ) De Película ( various countries ) DM Dhoom ( Pakistan ) Emax ( Pakistan ) Epix ( United States ) Escape ( United States ) Falak TV ( Pakistan ) Film4 ( United Kingdom ) Filmazia ( Pakistan ) Filmax ( Pakistan ) Film World ( Pakistan ) Flix ( United States ) For you ( Italy ) Fox Action Movies ( India , Singapore , Malaysia and Indonesia ) Fox Family Movies ( Singapore , Indonesia , Taiwan and Philippines ) Fox Movies MENA Portugal Fox Movies Premium ( Asia ) Foxtel Movies ( Australia ) FXM ( United States ) GetTV ( United States ) Grit ( United States ) Hallmark Movies & Mysteries ( United States ) HBO USA Europe Asia HDNet Movies ( United States ) IFC ( United States and Canada ) IFilm ( Iran ) IRIB Namayesh ( Iran ) Iris ( Italy ) Kino Polska ( Poland ) LMN ( United States ) MegaFilm ( Pakistan ) MegaHits ( Pakistan ) MGM HD ( United States ) The Movie Channel ( United States ) Movie Central ( Western Canada ) The Movie Network ( Eastern Canada ) MoviePlex ( United States ) Movies ! ( United States ) Movies Now ( India ) NOVA Cinema ( Greece ) Paramount Channel ( various countries ) Pinoy Box Office ( Philippines ) PixL ( United States ) Rai 4 ( Italy ) Raavi TV ( Pakistan ) Rede Telecine ( Brazil ) ShortsTV ( United States ) Showtime ( United States ) Somos ( Spain ) Sony Movie Channel ( United States ) STAR Movies ( Philippines , Taiwan , MENA , China , Vietnam and India ) Starz ( United States ) Starz Encore ( United States ) Sky Cinema ( Italy ) Sky Film ( Germany ) Sky Movies ( United Kingdom ) Sky Movies ( New Zealand ) SundanceTV ( United States ) Super Écran ( Canada ) This TV ( United States ) Turner Classic Movies ( United States , UK , Nordic countries , Middle East , Africa and Asia Pacific ) TVCine ( Portugal ) Viasat Film ( Scandinavia ) OSN Movies ( MENA ) MBC Max ( MENA ) MBC2 ( MENA ) Silver Screen ( Pakistan ) DTV Cinéma ( Algeria ) Movies movie television channels *", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ac220a9d6b8fa6eb88bf298031f7a21", "text": "The Flash (2014 TV series) The Flash is an American television series developed by Greg Berlanti , Andrew Kreisberg and Geoff Johns , airing on The CW . It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash , a costumed superhero crime-fighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds . It is a spin-off from Arrow , existing in the same fictional universe . The series follows Allen , portrayed by Grant Gustin , a crime scene investigator who gains super-human speed , which he uses to fight criminals , including others who have also gained superhuman abilities . Initially envisioned as a backdoor pilot , the positive reception Gustin received during two appearances as Barry on Arrow led to executives choosing to develop a full pilot to make use of a larger budget and help flesh out Barry 's world in more detail . Colleen Atwood , costume designer for Arrow , was brought in to design the Flash 's suit . The creative team wanted to make sure that the Flash would resemble his comic book counterpart , and not simply be a poor imitation . The series is primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada . The Flash premiered in North America on October 7 , 2014 , where the pilot became the second-most watched premiere in the history of The CW , after The Vampire Diaries in 2009 . It has been well received by critics and audiences , and won the People 's Choice Award for `` Favorite New TV Drama '' in 2014 . The series was renewed for a third season in March 2016 , which premiered on October 4 , 2016 . The series , together with Arrow , has spun characters out to their own show , Legends of Tomorrow , which premiered on January 21 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a fourth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b24b0397372167b1f1a46ea5efda11fa", "text": "Nip/Tuck (season 3) The third season of Nip/Tuck '' premiered on September 20 , 2005 and concluded on December 20 , 2005 . It consisted of 15 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a28b8f2059ead97d1ff281f84a452e02", "text": "Shameless (season 3) The third season of Shameless , an American comedy-drama television series based on the award-winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott , premiered on January 13 , 2013 , at Sunday 9:00 p.m. EST on the Showtime television network . Executive producers are John Wells , Paul Abbott and Andrew Stearn , with producer Michael Hissrich . The season concluded after 12 episodes on April 7 , 2013 . The shows season premiere brought in 2.00 million viewers , becoming the show highest rated episode ever to-date . The episode airing February 17 , `` The Sins of My Caretaker '' , received 1.31 million total viewers , its lowest rated episode of the season . The season finale scored 1.82 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c9c9f93b8635c8af42e45e32a519805", "text": "Episode 3 (Twin Peaks) `` Episode 3 '' , later also known as `` Rest in Pain '' , is the fourth episode of the first season of the American mystery television series Twin Peaks . The episode was written by Harley Peyton , and directed by Tina Rathborne . `` Episode 3 '' features series regulars Kyle MacLachlan , Michael Ontkean and Ray Wise , and introduces Sheryl Lee 's second role , Maddy Ferguson . Rathborne has highlighted the episode 's introduction of Jungian analytical psychology to the series . She also described MacLachlan 's character Dale Cooper as not only a wholesome , grounded anchor against which the series ' more bizarre elements could be contrasted ; but as the central component of the series ' coming-of-age `` Bildungsroman '' narrative . `` Episode 3 '' was first broadcast on April 26 , 1990 , and was viewed by approximately 18 percent of the available audience in its initial airing . The episode received positive reviews from critics , with its mix of comedy and tragedy seen as a highlight , and Miguel Ferrer 's character Albert Rosenfield singled out as a particularly successful example of this . The episode also drew praise from The New York Times for its compelling and unusual cast of characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46ec35804aeb4bf710d85877a26f8b31", "text": "Arrow (season 2) The second season of the American television series Arrow premiered on The CW on October 10 , 2013 and concluded on May 14 , 2014 with a total of 23 episodes . The series is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . The showrunners for this season were Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim and Andrew Kreisberg . This season introduces characters from The Flash , which was being developed as a potential spin-off at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "243dad99da2f30c31888dc4f67bd94d2", "text": "An Unfinished Affair An Unfinished Affair is a 1996 American television film directed by Rod Hardy . The film originally premiered on ABC and is now frequently aired on Lifetime .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbb89dfbe79508ea40cecc383bcf4161", "text": "Armageddon (2006) Armageddon ( 2006 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Activision 's Call of Duty 3 , which took place on December 17 , 2006 , at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond , Virginia . The event starred wrestlers from the SmackDown ! brand . The main event was a tag team match , in which the team of Batista and John Cena defeated the team of King Booker and Finlay . Two featured bouts were scheduled on the undercard , including The Undertaker versus Mr. Kennedy , in a match where the objective was to place an opponent in a hearse located on the entrance stage and drive them out of the arena , which Undertaker won . The other match was an Inferno match featuring wrestlers attempting to set the opponent on fire with flames surrounding the ring . Kane defeated Montel Vontavious Porter . The event grossed over $ 423,500 in ticket sales from an attendance of 8,200 . Canadian Online Explorer 's professional wrestling section rated the WWE Tag Team Championship match a nine out of ten stars , the highest match rating . The event was released on DVD on January 16 , 2007 by Sony Music Entertainment . The DVD reached second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart for recreational sports during the week of February 18 , 2007 , and it dropped to the tenth spot the following week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "576984c74f18b463776795eefd973e86", "text": "McLeod's Daughters (season 3) The third season of the long-running Australian outback drama McLeod 's Daughters '' began airing on 12 February 2003 , and concluded on 29 October 2003 , with a total of 30 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2519c398fd9112d714ddce7ee726506c", "text": "Three Rivers (TV series) Three Rivers is an American television medical drama that aired on CBS from October 4 , 2009 , to July 3 , 2010 , and starred Alex O'Loughlin in the role of an infamous transplant surgeon in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . On November 30 , 2009 , after just eight episodes of the season had aired Sunday at 9:00 pm ( EST ) , CBS announced that Three Rivers had been pulled from its schedule with no plans to have it returned , and the series was later officially cancelled . However , the remaining unaired episodes were burned off Saturdays at 8:00 pm ( EST ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8541388752059e6798a02aaef1fad2c0", "text": "List of Criterion Collection UK releases This is a list of Criterion Collection Blu-ray titles released in U.K. , distributed by Sony Pictures Home Entertainment . The Criterion Collection is a video distribution company which specializes in licensing and selling `` important classic and contemporary films '' in `` editions that offer the highest technical quality and award-winning , original supplements . '' Janus Films and the Voyager Company established The Criterion Collection in 1984 as a privately held company concentrating upon the North American home video market . In March 2016 , Criterion announced that due to a distribution partnership with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment select Criterion Collection titles would be launching in U.K. as Blu-ray editions , starting on April 18 , 2016 . So far all the released titles have been films that have already been released in US by Criterion Collection , or that have received simultaneous releases in the US and U.K. . So far all the released titles have been identical to their US counterparts apart from region coding ( A in the US and B in U.K. ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d45a4c5d8e7f36b4ab25d0f62d8cac3e", "text": "Entrada (Fringe) `` Entrada '' is the eighth episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe , and the 51st episode overall . The first part of the third season spent much of its time alternating between the prime and parallel universes , and `` Entrada '' was the first episode of the season to have time evenly divided between both . In the episode , both Olivia and her doppelganger `` Fauxlivia '' attempt to journey back to their respective universes . John Cassini , Seth Gabel , Ryan McDonald , Stefan Arngrim , and Karen Holness guest starred . Showrunners J. H. Wyman and Jeff Pinkner wrote the episode as the `` culmination of a lot of things that -LSB- they -RSB- had been working on for quite a while . '' Calling it one of their favorite episodes , they believed it was a good entry point for new viewers to the series . Frequent Fringe collaborator Brad Anderson returned to direct the episode . `` Entrada '' first aired on December 2 , 2010 in the United States to an estimated 5.13 million viewers . It has been selected for `` best episode '' lists by various television critics . Both Anna Torv and John Noble submitted the episode for consideration at the 63rd Primetime Emmy Awards , but both failed to garner a nomination .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be550792cc6f492a24f6d7f1d2ba498c", "text": "Friday Night Lights (season 3) The third season of the American serial drama television series Friday Night Lights began airing in the United States and Canada on October 1 , 2008 . It was the first season to be aired on DirecTV 's The 101 Network . The 13-episode season concluded on The 101 Network on January 14 , 2009 and then began its run on NBC two nights later , on January 16 , 2009 , and concluded its NBC run on April 10 , 2009 . The show was renewed for two more seasons in March 2009 , with both seasons airing in the same format as season 3 , containing 13 episodes each . The third season was released on DVD in region 1 on May 19 , 2009 . The season continues to focus around the Dillon Panthers and the pressures faced on and off the field . This season also has four main characters leave the show by season 's end .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae39c926f086b147efe25dc5157f4d91", "text": "Laguna Beach (season 3) The third season of Laguna Beach : The Real Orange County , an American reality television series , consists of 16 episodes and was broadcast on MTV . It aired from August 16 , 2006 , until November 15 , 2006 . The season was filmed primarily in Laguna Beach , California , with additional footage in Los Angeles . The executive producer was Tony DiSanto . Laguna Beach focuses on the lives of rich teenagers from Laguna Beach , California . During the season , Tessa Keller struggles to balance her school social life along with her best friend Raquel `` Rocky '' Donatelli . The pair attend Laguna Beach High School and Rocky tries to mend her friendship with fellow cast member Breanna Conrad which causes conflict between Tessa and Rocky . The girls often find themselves the target of the mean girls and popular clique leaders , Kyndra and Cami .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e1d5972cac6b04bb806f4b72676ac87", "text": "List of Three's Company episodes Three 's Company is an American sitcom that aired from 1977 to 1984 on ABC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "642dd46c7413da318832b7e668c6db86", "text": "Fox Sports 3 Fox Sports 3 may refer to the following sports television channels : Fox Sports 3 , a channel in Australia . Fox Sports 3 , a channel available in Hispanic America . Fox Sports 3 , a channel in Asia , as a replacement for Fox Sports Plus HD For the American channels , see Fox Sports 1 and Fox Sports 2 . Category : Fox Sports", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5432927f57c9bf13f9d1849b3b7c2154", "text": "Arrow Caz! Arrow Caz is a national Dutch commercial radio station . The station is owned by Arrow and only aired even over the Internet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d39afe58a5cd75bfe236c22d68632b2b", "text": "List of The Flash episodes The Flash is an American action television series developed by Greg Berlanti , Andrew Kreisberg , and Geoff Johns , airing on The CW . It is based on the DC Comics character Barry Allen / Flash , a costumed crimefighter with the power to move at superhuman speeds . It is a spin-off from Arrow , existing in the same fictional universe . The series follows Barry Allen , portrayed by Grant Gustin , a crime scene investigator who gains superhuman speed , which he uses to fight criminals , including others who have also gained superhuman abilities . The Flash was renewed in March 2016 for a third season , which premiered on October 4 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fourth season .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a38478293a0387d21ffe4e0dac6d3b07
The Narrows is a film from America.
[ { "docid": "ae67fd5926ee394c4f92c1bd00830259", "text": "The Narrows (film) The Narrows is an American 2008 independent film starring Kevin Zegers , Sophia Bush , Vincent D'Onofrio , Eddie Cahill and Monica Keena .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b4f0801c70b2050e7154ade9afb94725", "text": "Bridge in Snake Spring Township Bridge in Snake Spring Township , also known as the Narrows Bridge , is a historic concrete arch bridge located at Snake Spring Township in Bedford County , Pennsylvania . It was built in 1934 , and is a 580 ft , open spandrel concrete arch bridge with five arches . The roadway is skewed and carries US 30 , the Lincoln Highway , over the Raystown Branch Juniata River . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d86818cd0bc139e9a354ebed17acf5c5", "text": "Thorold Tunnel The Thorold Tunnel is an underwater tunnel located in Thorold , Ontario , Canada carrying Highway 58 underneath the Welland Canal . Built between 1965 and 1967 , the tunnel is 840 metres in length and consists of two separate tubes each containing two lanes of traffic . The westbound tube has a sidewalk for pedestrians . It is one of three tunnels under the Welland Canal ( the other two being the Main Street and Townline Tunnels in Welland ) , and the only tunnel to be constructed after the waterway opened . The tunnel has been used as a filming location due to its relatively low traffic levels , including for the television series American Gothic and the movie Highwaymen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b", "text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e384bdc20424ccfa353ba74f69e46e08", "text": "Alex Graves Alexander John `` Alex '' Graves ( born July 23 , 1965 ) is an American film director , television director , television producer and screenwriter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0830dbdaddf132f3e38d7eedef9e2e33", "text": "Continental Divide of the Americas The Continental Divide of the Americas ( also known as the Great Divide , the Continental Gulf of Division , or merely the Continental Divide ) is the principal , and largely mountainous , hydrological divide of the Americas . The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan , and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from ( 1 ) those river systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean ( including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ) , and ( 2 ) along the northernmost reaches of the Divide , those river systems that drain into the Arctic Ocean . Though there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas , the Great Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes , at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71ffc98b2a1e3faf8dc6f62b0ef502ee", "text": "The New Americans The New Americans is a seven-hour American documentary , produced by Kartemquin Films , that was originally broadcast on American television over three nights on the Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) in late March 2004 . The observational documentary , which includes minimal voice-over narration and very little direct interviewing of its subjects ( and none in which the interviewer 's voice is heard ) , follows the lives of a series of immigrants to the United States over the course of four years . The series was filmed between 1998 and 2001 , although not all of its subjects were filmed during that entire length of time . The immigrants were filmed both in their countries of origin before immigrating as well as in the United States . The filming during this period was extensive and occurred in the subjects ' homes , at their places of work , in government offices , and in a number of other situations , many of them quite intimate . As a result , The New Americans offers an unusually personal and comprehensive look at the people it profiles . The immigrants profiled and filmed in The New Americans include a group of baseball players from the Dominican Republic hoping to secure a career in Major League Baseball ; a computer programmer from India and his wife ; a family with six children from a farming community in the state of Guanajuato , Mexico ; a family of Ogoni refugees from Nigeria ; and a woman from Palestine who moves to the United States to be with her new husband , a first-generation Palestinian-American who grew up in Chicago . The locations shown in the documentary include not only each of the immigrants ' countries of origin , but also many places in the United States where the immigrants settled or traveled , including Chicago ( the Palestinian and Nigerian immigrants ) , the Silicon Valley of California ( the Indian immigrants ) , Garden City , Kansas and Mecca , California ( the Mexican immigrants ) , and Florida , Georgia and Montana ( the Dominican immigrants ) . The New Americans was executive produced by Steve James ( who also produced the acclaimed 1994 documentary Hoop Dreams ) and Gordon Quinn , both of Kartemquin Films . It was broadcast on PBS as part of the series Independent Lens , in association with the Independent Television Service ( ITVS ) . The program was also broadcast in the United Kingdom on the cable network BBC Four in early April 2004 . Steve James on the making of the New Americans , `` From the beginning , we knew we wanted to tell multiple stories , because every immigrant I 've met has a very rich and varied story to tell about where they come from . We also were excited about the idea of telling these people 's stories before they left their countries so that we could begin to understand these people in their own country before they gave it all up to come here . They 're all facing different problems different dreams , so there 's that diversity too . They 're a nice collection of stories because their differences and similarities . '' Primary funding was provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting ( CPB ) . Additional major funding was provided by The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation , the Annie E. Casey Foundation and PBS . Additional funding also came from the National Endowment of the Arts , BBC , Nick Fraser , SBS , TV Australia , and VPRO , The Netherlands . The New Americans is a presentation of ITVS in association with Latino Public Broadcasting ( LPB ) and Asian Women United/National Asian American Telecommunications Association ( NAATA ) . The New Americans won a variety of awards including : The Chicago Award for Best Chicago or Illinois Production , Chicago International Television Competition ( 2004 ) ; Gold Hugo for Best Overall Production , Chicago International Television Competition 2004 -RSB- ; Best Limited Series , Distinguished Documentary Achievement Awards , International Documentary Association ( IDA ) ( 2004 ) ; and the Christopher Award , TV/Cable Category , ( 2005 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3748b5889330fc06e4e407548b67468a", "text": "IFC Films IFC Films is an American film production and distribution company based in New York City . It is an offshoot of IFC owned by AMC Networks . It distributes independent films and documentaries under its namesake , Sundance Selects and IFC Midnight brands . It operates the IFC Center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73a7a7c98a03e09997a5be9344845e3b", "text": "America at a Crossroads Not to be confused with America at the Crossroads , an unrelated book by Francis Fukuyama . America at a Crossroads is a documentary miniseries concerning the issues facing the United States of America as related to the War on Terrorism . It aired originally on PBS television . The miniseries initially consisted of 11 independently produced aired episodes , and premiered April 15 -- 20 , 2007 on PBS . Its executive producers are Jeff Bieber and Dalton Delan ; series producer is Leo Eaton and it is presented by Robert MacNeil . Its music score is composed by Canadian musician Mark Korven .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51b86c558ef0b81e01365d877543f6a1", "text": "Williamsburg (film) Williamsburg is a 2006 American independent film written , directed , and edited by Brad Saville , as a black and white feature length narrative comedy/drama that provides a satirical look at the lives of seven failing artists in Williamsburg , Brooklyn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ac968b21286633e9e62baa5cd64769b", "text": "Burning the Future: Coal in America Burning the Future : Coal in America is a 2008 documentary film produced and directed by David Novack . The film focuses on the impacts of mountaintop mining in the Appalachians , where mountain ridges are scraped away by heavy machinery to access coal seams below , a process that is cheaper and faster than traditional mining methods but is damaging to the environment . Some environmental problems discussed in the film include disfigured mountain ranges , extinct plant and animal species , toxic groundwater , and increased flooding . The film 's run time is 89 minutes . In 2012 , it was rereleased in a shorter , updated version , that was created for public broadcast on PBS . This new version of the film 's run time is 56 minutes . The executive producer of the film is CJ Follini , founder and CEO of the former Gun For Hire Production Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18d223f3bc4831a2b83c5a5c76fa9c9d", "text": "Amerika (miniseries) Amerika is an American television miniseries that was broadcast in 1987 on ABC . The miniseries inspired a novelization entitled Amerika : The Triumph of the American Spirit . Amerika starred Kris Kristofferson , Mariel Hemingway , Sam Neill , Robert Urich , and a 17-year-old Lara Flynn Boyle in her first major role . Amerika was about life in the United States after a bloodless takeover engineered by the Soviet Union . Not wanting to depict the actual takeover , ABC Entertainment president Brandon Stoddard set the miniseries ten years after the event , focusing on the demoralized U.S. people a decade after the Soviet conquest . The intent , he later explained , was to explore the U.S. spirit under such conditions , not to portray the conflict of the Soviet coup . Described in promotional materials as `` the most ambitious American miniseries ever created , '' Amerika aired for 14 1/2 hours ( including commercials ) over seven nights ( beginning February 15 , 1987 ) , and reportedly cost US$ 40 million to produce . The miniseries was filmed in the Golden Horseshoe and southwestern Ontario Canadian cities of Toronto , London , and Hamilton , as well as various locations in the U.S. state of Nebraska -- most notably the small town of Tecumseh , which served as `` Milford , '' the fictional setting for most of the series . Donald Wrye was the executive producer , director , and writer of Amerika , while composer Basil Poledouris scored the miniseries , ultimately recording ( with the Hollywood Symphony Orchestra ) eight hours of music -- the equivalent of four feature films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b76b77981267bd067c4fbe7c969fb437", "text": "America (2011 film) America is a 2011 Puerto Rican drama film directed by Sonia Fritz . The film was selected as the Puerto Rican entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 84th Academy Awards , but was disqualified because of a rule change .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94fac71226bd19832e059ef3a0280bff", "text": "Barenaked in America Barenaked in America is a 1999 documentary film about the Canadian band Barenaked Ladies filmed during the 1998-1999 Stunt tour . Directed by actor Jason Priestley , the film was first shown at the Toronto International Film Festival . The band and director introduced the film at the Winter Garden theatre . Barenaked in America was originally released in the United States through a distribution deal with Blockbuster Video , and was available only for rental in VHS format . Blockbuster put many of its remaining copies on the sale rack , in an effort to eliminate its inventory , after their exclusive deal had expired . Barenaked in America has since been released on DVD in territories outside of North America , with no word on a US or Canadian release . The film has run on premium movie channels in the US .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6da5fcdb20293854632bbf6188d21ff", "text": "Penobscot Narrows Bridge and Observatory The Penobscot Narrows Bridge is a 2120 ft long cable-stayed bridge that carries US 1/SR 3 over the Penobscot River . It connects Verona Island to Prospect , in the U.S. state of Maine . It replaced the Waldo -- Hancock Bridge , built in 1931 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0004b64238a481645cd0a6dfd358ac00", "text": "The Narrows (Zion National Park) The Narrows in Zion National Park , ( near Springdale , Utah ) is a section of canyon on the North Fork of the Virgin River . The hike of The Narrows is one of the premier hikes on the Colorado Plateau . The term The Narrows refers to both the through-hike of The Narrows , and to The Narrows themselves , especially the 3.6 mi long section of canyon between the end of the Riverside Walk Trail and Big Spring . The Narrows lies north of , and upstream of , the main Zion Canyon . Hiking the Narrows was rated # 5 in the National Geographic ranking of America 's Best 100 Adventures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a7bbddb2ca39dcccd2137042794aced", "text": "Wide Wide World Wide Wide World was a 90-minute documentary series telecast live on NBC on Sunday afternoons at 4pm Eastern . Conceived by network head Pat Weaver and hosted by Dave Garroway , Wide Wide World was introduced on the Producers ' Showcase series on June 27 , 1955 . The premiere episode , featuring entertainment from the US , Canada and Mexico , was the first international North American telecast in the history of the medium . It returned in the fall as a regular Sunday series , telecast from October 16 , 1955 to June 8 , 1958 . The program was sponsored by General Motors and Barry Wood was the executive producer . Nelson Case was the announcer . In March 1956 , Time magazine reported that it was the highest-rated daytime show on television . Garroway was the host of the series which featured live remote segments from locations throughout North America and occasional reports on film from elsewhere in the world . The series carried live events into four million households . The October 16 premiere , `` A Sunday in Autumn , '' featured 50 cameras in 11 cities , including a college campus , the fishing fleet at Gloucester , Massachusetts , rainswept streets in Manhattan and Monitor broadcasting in NBC 's Radio Central studio . An appearance by Dick Button ice skating at Rockefeller Center was canceled because the rain had washed away the ice , and a curious coverage by a nervous Ted Husing of an attempt by Donald Campbell to break a speed record showed nothing more than his boat , on the other side of the lake , failing to take off . Time reviewed : NBC 's Wide Wide World whisked its audience all over the map . The camera lazed its way down the Mississippi , poked into a New Jersey lane where lovers walked and old men raked autumn leaves , wandered around Gloucester harbor as fishermen mended nets . There were vivid contrasts between the chasm of the Grand Canyon and the topless towers of Rockefeller Center , the swaying wheat fields of Nebraska and the money-conscious hubbub of the Texas State Fair , an underwater ballet from Florida and the overwater speed trials of Donald Campbell 's jet racer at Arizona 's man-made Lake Mead . Always there was the immediacy of things happening this very minute , but the real brilliancy of Wide World may lie in its avoidance of the TV interview . The only one attempted , at the Texas Fair , proved again that -- given a microphone and someone to interview -- an announcer can turn any subject into a crashing bore . The words needed in Wide World were supplied by Dave Garroway and kept to a literate minimum . Other episodes : `` New Orleans '' ( February 2 , 1958 ) , `` American Theater ' 58 '' ( March 16 , 1958 ) , `` Flagstop at Malta Bend '' ( March 30 , 1958 ) and `` The Museum of Modern Art '' ( April 27 , 1958 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081", "text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "859de08dec1cdf63733d506ef63567bf", "text": "New Americans (film) New Americans is a 1944 American short documentary film directed by Slavko Vorkapić . It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Documentary Short .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31cfab87e040e3a0bb14cd07834d02b5", "text": "Searchers (film) Searchers ( Maliglutit ) is a 2016 Inuktitut-language Canadian drama film directed by Zacharias Kunuk and Natar Ungalaaq , which premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival . Based in part on the 1956 John Ford film The Searchers , the film is set in Northern Canada in 1913 . It centres on Kuanana ( Benjamin Kunuk ) , a man who returns from hunting to discover that much of his family has been killed and his wife and daughter have been kidnapped . The film was shot in Nunavut with an entirely Inuit cast , and with contributions from a local crew . The production was troubled by extreme cold . It has received positive reviews in Canada , and was nominated for two Canadian Screen Awards , including Best Motion Picture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29c8e2f4a5043af973a44c79b8e6a52e", "text": "1975 Deauville American Film Festival The 1st Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from September 3 to 7 , 1975 . It was created by French writer Lionel Chouchan and French journalist and television producer André Halimi , which they described as '' ( to ) show films that only a few privileged - amazed or astonished -- people had discovered , in New York or Los Angeles , to French audiences , without exclusion , barriers or bias '' . It occurs every year since its creation at the end of the summer . They received funding from French entrepreneur and businessman Lucien Barrière 's group and mayor of Deauville at that time , Michel d'Ornano . The festival was non-competitive in nature and remained so until 1995 . It screened 12 feature films at three different sites , International Centre ( 1,500 seats ) , the Casino ( 700 vehicles ) and the Cinéma Morny ( two rooms of 271 and 99 seats ) . Initially the festival was attended by locals but with passing years its popularity increased and attracted international attention . The festival also highlighted the best of American cinematography .", "title": "" } ]
fever
11f0317d14fca55ed619c014559c20c1
The Academy Honorary Award was put in place in 1948.
[ { "docid": "e2d5e21af394b677f3ed757fa703d031", "text": "Academy Honorary Award The Academy Honorary Award -- instituted in 1948 for the 21st Academy Awards ( previously called the Special Award , which was first presented in early 1929 ) -- is given annually by the Board of Governors of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) to celebrate motion picture achievements that are not covered by existing Academy Awards , although prior winners of competitive Academy Awards are not excluded from receiving the Honorary Award . Unless otherwise specified , Honorary Award recipients receive the same gold Oscar statuettes received by winners of the competitive Academy Awards . Unlike the Special Achievement Award instituted in 1972 ( and discontinued in 1995 ) , those on whom the Academy confers its Honorary Award do not have to meet `` the Academy 's eligibility year and deadline requirements . '' Like the Special Achievement Award , the Special Award and Honorary Award have been used to reward significant achievements of the year that did not fit in existing categories , subsequently leading the Academy to establish several new categories , and to honor exceptional career achievements , contributions to the motion picture industry , and service to the Academy . The Academy Honorary Award is often awarded in preference to those with noted achievements in motion pictures who have nevertheless never won an Academy Award . Thus , many of its recipients are Classic Hollywood stars , such as Lillian Gish , Barbara Stanwyck , Kirk Douglas , and Lauren Bacall . Since 2009 the Honorary Award is presented at the annual Governors Awards rather than at the Academy Awards .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "fcec35f9c13d98a694cf628c39c90152", "text": "5th Screen Actors Guild Awards The 5th Screen Actors Guild Awards , given on March 7 , 1999 , honored the best screen actors of 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f805305fb01cc4ee04e4ead0562090e", "text": "1956 Academy Awards 1956 Academy Awards may refer to : 28th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1956 29th Academy Awards , the 1957 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1956", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49ee46cb32afa32f821db9090c4d06d4", "text": "Bodil Special Award The Bodil Special Award ( Sær-Bodil , Special Bodil ) is one of the awards at the annual Bodil Awards presented by the Danish Film Critics Association . While the Bodil Awards as such were established in 1948 , the Special Award was first presented in 2008 , and has been given annually to a person or an organization who has done something special for Danish cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f883d310b40b902422f5b8bc1fa203b", "text": "Academy Film Archive The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation , established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' educational and cultural activities , including the preservation of motion picture history . Although the current incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929 . Located in Hollywood , California at the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study , the Archive has a diverse range of moving image material . The Archive 's collection comprises 85,000 titles and 190,000 separate items , including early American cinema , a vast collection of documentary films , filmed and taped interviews , amateur and private home movies of Hollywood legends , makeup and sound test reels , and a wide selection of experimental film , as well as Academy Award-winning films , Academy Award-nominated films , and a complete collection of every Academy Awards show since 1949 . Since acquiring the Packard Humanities Institute Collection , the Archive has the world 's largest known trailer collection . The Archive is also concerned with the preservation and restoration of films , as well as new technologies and methods of preservation , restoring over 800 titles of historical and artistic importance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb6da3ade65f4b41ad2c6afb050947a9", "text": "15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony . Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations . Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' . Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since . A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6dec099c16552ce48bcb54b755be1760", "text": "Tony Award for Best Stage Technician The Tony Award for Best Stage Technician was awarded to acknowledge the contributions of stage technicians in both musicals and plays . The award was first given in 1948 and last presented in 1963 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8ce01ab5984d4fb348c8eba6098b1a3", "text": "Filmfare Award for Best Art Direction The Filmfare Best Art Direction Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films . Although the awards started in 1954 , awards for the best art direction category started only in 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c30b951e8fd4b667e4b172a2866f376", "text": "Bodil Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role The Bodil Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Bodilprisen for bedste mandlige hovedrolle ) is one of the merit categories presented annually by the Danish Film Critics Association at the Bodil Awards . Created in 1948 , it is one of the oldest film awards in Europe , and it honours the best performance by an actor in a leading role in a Danish produced film . The jury can decide not to hand out the award . This has happened five times , in 1952 , 1970 , 1976 , 1985 , and in 1986 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b27be27f1238942c8de03b098b9f1198", "text": "1948 New York Film Critics Circle Awards 14th New York Film Critics Circle Awards January 21 , 1949 ( announced December 28 , 1948 ) The Treasureof the Sierra Madre The 14th New York Film Critics Circle Awards , honored the best filmmaking of 1948 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25f0a345e28b9815790d2d9eef73977c", "text": "List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1948 List of Guggenheim Fellowships awarded in 1948 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d3f56123540da179ece607c09c505eb", "text": "48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . ) Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 . French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation . At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 . Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa6e9c8487342b7db1fdcd2454aa3ebd", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language The BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . The award was first given at the 36th British Academy Film Awards , recognising the films of 1982 , and until 1990 was known as the BAFTA Award for Best Foreign Film . Prior to this , films recorded in a language other than English were often recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best Film , known between 1949 and 1969 as Best Film from any Source . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1614f1400abc723a4153217675a12a8d", "text": "Samuel Goldwyn Theater The Samuel Goldwyn Theatre is a screening-only movie theater named after filmmaker Samuel Goldwyn . It is located at 8949 Wilshire Boulevard , Beverly Hills , California , at headquarters of The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) . The Academy uses this theater each January most years to announce the nominations for its Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05ed522fdc8eeafc47ef52785a8b7c53", "text": "1975 Academy Awards 1975 Academy Awards may refer to : 47th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1975 48th Academy Awards , the 1976 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1975", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57fa02595e2d219579ab7e8c4afddfd8", "text": "52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis . Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5994d16315b5e39019837e376be06718", "text": "American Cinema Editors Founded in 1950 , American Cinema Editors ( ACE ) is an honorary society of film editors that are voted in based on the qualities of professional achievements , their education of others , and their dedication to editing . The society is not to be confused with an industry union , such as the I.A.T.S.E. ( specifically the Motion Picture Editors Guild or MPEG ) to which an editor might belong . The current President of ACE is Alan Heim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e842e889dc5d38f8e209c230781ecec", "text": "1939 Academy Awards 1939 Academy Awards may refer to : 11th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1939 12th Academy Awards , the 1940 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1939", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb2600832a8a97147111f4517a8fb164", "text": "8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' . The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later . Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor . This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .", "title": "" } ]
fever
0ff83649c3b4fed8efed335bde313653
Caitlyn Jenner changed her gender from male to female.
[ { "docid": "085d312306831bd3ef3f097e96838461", "text": "Caitlyn Jenner Caitlyn Marie Jenner ( born October 28 , 1949 ) , formerly known as Bruce Jenner , is an American television personality and retired Olympic gold medal-winning decathlete . Jenner was a college football player for the Graceland Yellowjackets before incurring a knee injury that required surgery . Coach L. D. Weldon , who had coached Olympic decathlete Jack Parker , convinced Jenner to try the decathlon . After intense training , Jenner won the 1976 Olympics decathlon event at the Montreal Olympic Games , gaining fame as `` an all-American hero '' . Jenner set a third successive world record while winning the Olympics . The winner of the Olympic decathlon is traditionally given the unofficial title of `` world 's greatest athlete '' . With that stature , Jenner subsequently established a career in television , film , writing , auto racing , business and as a Playgirl cover model . Jenner has six children from marriages to wives Chrystie Crownover , Linda Thompson , and Kris Jenner . Since 2007 , Jenner has appeared on the reality television series Keeping Up with the Kardashians with Kris , their daughters Kendall and Kylie Jenner , and step-children Kourtney , Kim , Khloé , and Rob Kardashian . Previously identifying publicly as male , Jenner revealed her identity as a trans woman in April 2015 , publicly announcing her name change from Bruce to Caitlyn in a July 2015 Vanity Fair cover story . Her name and gender change became official on September 25 , 2015 . She has been called the most famous openly transgender woman in the world . From 2015 to 2016 , Jenner starred in the reality television series I Am Cait , which focused on her gender transition .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a309b2dc1a0496839b8384d40bca0b90", "text": "Gender-blind A gender-blind ( or unisex ) person is someone who adheres to not distinguishing people by gender . Gender blind people generally advocate gender neutrality in society , such as activities undertaken and services provided without regard to the gender of those who participate . Those who identify as pansexual may also refer to themselves as ` gender-blind ' : however , pansexuality emphasizes gender-blindness in sexuality .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77a15b474b9d6b8aff145986bc8697c4", "text": "Gender mainstreaming Gender mainstreaming is the public policy concept of assessing the different implications for women and men of any planned policy action , including legislation and programmes , in all areas and levels . Mainstreaming essentially offers a pluralistic approach that values the diversity among both men and women . The concept of gender mainstreaming was first proposed at the 1985 Third World Conference on Women in Nairobi , Kenya . The idea has been pushed in the United Nations development community . The idea was formally featured in 1995 at the Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing , China , and was cited in the document that resulted from the conference , the Beijing Platform for Action .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3364652e7d614a9d5f96e43e87970fd", "text": "Sissyphobia: Gay Men and Effeminate Behavior Sissyphobia : Gay Men and Effeminate Behavior is a book by gay author Tim Bergling , published in 2001 , that investigates why some gay men are more masculine than others and why society finds effeminate men objectionable . The neologism sissyphobia designates the fear or hatred of effeminate men , pejoratively called sissies . While researching this topic , Bergling interviewed a number of men , both straight and gay , and analyzed the contents of personal ad sections of dozens of gay newspapers from the US . Bergling found that 40 percent of the ads were masculine-themed , for instance containing clichés like `` straight acting '' , while only two percent were feminine-themed . Bergling argues that many `` straight-acting '' gay men see effeminate gay men as slowing the process towards gays achieving equal rights . For example , he found that masculine gay men point to press coverage of gay pride events where only a small percentage of the attendees are drag queens , yet the press focuses on the latter . Bergling confesses that `` I still wrestle with some sissyphobia myself , as do many of my interviewees . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60c56b8b29d53586cfc43bdcbe3654e7", "text": "Transgender Awareness Week Transgender Awareness Week , typically observed the first two full weeks of November , is a two-week celebration leading up to Transgender Day of Remembrance ( TDOR ) , which memorializes victims of transphobic violence . TDOR occurs annually on November 20 , when transgender advocates raise awareness of the transgender community through education and advocacy activities . The first week begins with third parties hosting events at venues surrounding a main central venue , followed the second week by more venues at the main area showcasing more and more in-depth events . The purpose of Transgender Awareness Week is to educate about transgender and gender non-conforming people and the issues associated with their transition or identity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10ba91cb2cc4d5ff53accbbd0030b216", "text": "Change Me (Justin Bieber song) `` Change Me '' is a song by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber from his second compilation album Journals ( 2013 ) discussing his life after the world turned on him was released on December 2 , 2013 . The song is the ninth in Bieber 's series Music Mondays , the first eight being `` Heartbreaker '' ( October 7 , 2013 ) , `` All That Matters '' ( October 14 ) , `` Hold Tight '' ( October 21 ) , `` Recovery '' ( October 28 ) , `` Bad Day '' ( November 4 ) , `` All Bad '' ( November 11 ) , `` PYD '' ( November 18 ) and `` Roller Coaster '' ( November 25 ) . Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b136c577401e8d838a32654e51fa473c", "text": "Stone femme Stone femme is a lesbian identity whose name was patterned after the more widely known term stone butch . Identification with the term is not necessarily dependent upon the stone femme 's physical appearance or gender expression , or upon the identity of the stone femme 's partner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4549217682cc57d5dad834ac0ee80fa9", "text": "Sex columnist A sex columnist is a writer of a newspaper or magazine column about sex . Sex advice columns may take the form of essays or , more frequently , answers to questions posed by readers . Sex advice columns can usually be found in alt weekly newspapers , women 's magazines , health or fitness magazines , and student newspapers . While some are written by trained sexologists , many are penned by people lacking credentials in human sexuality and relationships , yet willing to divulge their opinions or personal bedroom antics . The television series Sex and the City protagonist Carrie Bradshaw was a sex columnist , which author Candace Bushnell modeled after herself in her original non-fiction book based on a column of the same name . The show , which first aired in 1998 , is credited with the increase of sex columnists found in college campus newspapers and blogs , such as at Ivy League colleges and many other schools . One such columnist , Meghan Bainum , at the University of Kansas , Lawrence , placed in the 42nd annual William Randolph Hearst Foundation Journalism Awards Program ( 2001 -- 2002 ) for her column . Anka Radakovich was the first of a new breed of sex columnists for whom `` every detail of the writer 's psyche is splayed across the page ... confessional journalism at its most intimate '' . Radakovich had written for the old Details magazine when it was a chronicle of downtown fashion and night life . After James Truman became editor-in-chief and transformed Details into a men 's magazine , he offered Radakovich a column in September 1990 . She became the first modern-day magazine sex columnist working for a mainstream men 's publication .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb7d9c42033ff27acbcc0d862871cd3d", "text": "Caitlyn Folley Caitlyn Folley , also known as Caker Folley , is an American actress known for her role as Stacy in The FP ( 2011 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d9b2cec0ccda7c71303e5755c3f7842", "text": "Men's Fashion Week Men 's Fashion Week is an event usually held twice a year in major cities around the globe , typically in January ( Autumn/Winter ) and June ( Spring/Summer ) . The fashion industry event is held for fashion professionals and fashion occult . It is an event for designers and brands to showcase upcoming collections to press , media , stylists , buyers , fashion trailblazers and , in some cases , the public . In January 2012 London announced that it would dedicate an entire weekend to menswear fashion designers . Singapore dedicated a few days to men 's shows . Los Angeles followed suit launching Men 's Fashion Week LA in 2012 . Additionally , Vancouver does Men 's Fashion Week . Among other cities , New York has supported the developments in the menswear segment , but has yet to announce a Fashion Week dedicated entirely to menswear fashion designers . Paris promotes its men 's runway shows as a part of its regular Fashion Week schedule . In 2012 , 2013 2014 and 2015 Men 's Fashion Week presented shows in Puerto Rico . The events are produced by World Events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9112aa8d09a1c9039d2158011a25d25d", "text": "Films about intersex Intersex , in humans and other animals , describes variations in sex characteristics including chromosomes , gonads , sex hormones , or genitals that , according to the UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights , `` do not fit typical binary notions of male or female bodies '' . Intersex is a part of nature and that is reflected in some representations of intersex in film and other media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92ed858c2bc4352fe6bcbf846ce480f1", "text": "Tanner Mayes Tanner Mayes ( born May 31 , 1989 ) , stage name of Jillian Courtney Glover , is an American pornographic actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "267463f98df343af36f9f4aa7ea9f5a1", "text": "Finkbeiner test The Finkbeiner test is a checklist proposed by journalist Christie Aschwanden to help journalists avoid gender bias in media articles about women in science . To pass the test , an article about a female scientist must not mention : That she is a woman Her husband 's job Her child care arrangements How she nurtures her underlings How she was taken aback by the competitiveness in her field How she 's such a role model for other women How she 's the `` first woman to ... '' Aschwanden formulated the test in an article in Double X Science , an online science magazine for women , on 5 March 2013 . She did so in response to what she considered was a type of media coverage of women scientists that : `` treats its subject 's sex as her most defining detail . She 's not just a great scientist , she 's a woman ! And if she 's also a wife and a mother , those roles get emphasized too . '' Aschwanden created the test in the spirit of the Bechdel test , which is used to indicate gender bias in fiction . She named the test after fellow journalist Ann Finkbeiner , who had written a story for the science blog The Last Word on Nothing about her decision not to write about the subject of her latest article , an astronomer , `` as a woman '' . Susan Gelman , Professor of Psychology at the University of Michigan , has applauded the move to report on female scientists without emphasising their gender , but questions whether the Finkbeiner test should seek to eliminate all references to personal life , suggesting that the move should be towards asking male scientists about personal issues too . This view is shared by other writers . The test was mentioned in the media criticism of the New York Timess obituary of rocket scientist Yvonne Brill . That obituary , published on 30 March 2013 , by Douglas Martin , began with the words : `` She made a mean beef stroganoff , followed her husband from job to job and took eight years off from work to raise three children '' . A few hours after publication the New York Times revised the obituary to address some of the criticisms ; the revised version begins `` She was a brilliant rocket scientist who followed her husband from job to job ... '' . Another New York Times article , on Jennifer Doudna , published on 11 May 2015 , drew similar criticism with reference to the Finkbeiner test . A Globe and Mail article on astrophysicist Victoria Kaspi , published on 16 February 2016 , drew the same criticism . The ` Reversed Finkbeiner ' approach is an exercise in which students are asked to write an article about a male scientist that would fail the Finkbeiner test if it were about a woman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce5c74ecdaefb50fbfa99730faf93690", "text": "Colbie Caillat Colbie Marie Caillat ( -LSB- ˈkoʊlbi_kəˈleɪ -RSB- born May 28 , 1985 ) is an American singer , songwriter , actress , guitarist and pianist from Malibu , California . Caillat rose to fame through social networking website Myspace . At that time , she was the number-one unsigned artist of her genre . After signing with Universal Republic Records , she released debut album in July 2007 , Coco , which included hit singles `` Bubbly '' and `` Realize '' , has sold 2,060,000 copies in the United States and is certified 2x Platinum . In 2008 , she recorded a duet with Jason Mraz , `` Lucky '' , which won a Grammy Award . In August 2009 , she released Breakthrough , her second album , which became her first album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 . It has been certified Gold by the RIAA . Breakthrough was nominated for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 2010 Grammy Awards . She was also part of the group that won Album of the Year at the 2010 Grammy Awards for her background vocals and writing on Taylor Swift 's Fearless album . In July 2011 , she released her third studio album , All of You . In October 2012 , she released her first Christmas album , Christmas in the Sand . Caillat has sold over six million albums worldwide and over 10 million singles . In 2009 , she was named Billboard magazine 's 94th-best-selling music artist of the 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae0b06f6d5ab057decc958c09a337a89", "text": "Jenelle Hutcherson Jenelle Hutcherson ( born November 15 , 1985 ) is an American hair artist , activist , public figure , designer , youth mentor and visionary . She is best known for being the first openly lesbian contestant and the first contestant to wear a tuxedo in the Miss Long Beach 2011 pageant in Long Beach , CA , and the Miss California USA pageant in Palm Desert , CA 2012 . Her participation in the pageants shattered stereotypes in many angles ; feminist groups , women who have never fit in society 's ideal of what beauty is , butch women embracing themselves ( tuxedo and swimsuit / she tailored and sewn her own for both pageants ) , the standard that only feminine women enter pageants , and that women from minority descent do n't win pageants . Hutcherson became a name in the LGBT community , the pageant community , and made headline news in media such as NBC , CBS , KCAL9 , Huffington Post , After Ellen , The Advocate , NOH8 Campaign , Courage Campaign , GLAAD , SDGLN ( San Diego Gay and Lesbian News ) , Curve Magazine , GreaterLongBeach.com , Press-Telegram , and Los Angeles Times . The campaign of `` Vote for Jenelle '' went international after AfterEllen.com published an article about Hutcherson in September 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d53b16e3fa25f6986b5683b2ffa78b38", "text": "Jenn Im Jenn Im ( born September 22 , 1990 ) is a Korean-American fashion and beauty vlogger , best known for her YouTube channel , ClothesEncounters . At the age of 26 , her channel has reached approximately 1.7 million subscribers and over 150 million views .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fecba1c8f8151c0fef0e06481bc50eb7", "text": "LGBT rights in the Republic of Ireland Attitudes in Ireland towards lesbian , gay , bisexual , and transgender ( LGBT ) people are regarded as among the most liberal in the world . Ireland is notable for its transformation from a country holding overwhelmingly conservative attitudes toward LGBT issues to one holding overwhelmingly liberal ones in the space of a generation . In May 2015 , Ireland became the first country to legalise same-sex marriage on a national level by popular vote . The New York Times hailed the victory as putting Ireland at the `` vanguard of social change '' . Since July 2015 , transgender people in Ireland can self-declare their gender for the purpose of updating passports , driving licences , obtaining new birth certificates , and getting married . Both male and female same-sex sexual activity is legal in the state . Government recognition of LGBT rights in Ireland has expanded greatly over the past two decades . Homosexuality was decriminalised in 1993 , and most forms of discrimination based on sexual orientation are now outlawed . Ireland also forbids incitement to hatred based on sexual orientation . In 2015 a survey of 1000 individuals in Ireland found that 78 % of people are in support of same-sex marriage and 71 % of people think that same-sex couples should be allowed to adopt . A 2013 survey showed that 73 % of Irish people agreed that `` same sex marriage should be allowed in the Constitution '' . Earlier , a 2008 survey showed that 84 % of Irish people support civil marriage or civil partnerships for same-sex couples , with 58 % supporting full marriage rights in registry offices . The number who believe same-sex couples should only be allowed to have civil partnerships fell from 33 % to 26 % . A March 2011 The Sunday Times poll showed support for full civil marriage rights at 73 % . In July 2010 , the Oireachtas passed the Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010 , recognising civil partnerships between same-sex couples . The Bill passed all stages in the lower house ( Dáil ) , without the need for a vote , and by a margin of 48 votes to 4 in the upper house Seanad ( Senate ) . The bill was supported by all parties , although individual politicians have criticised the legislation . Since the Civil Partnership legislation has been fully enacted and implemented from the start of 2011 , gay and lesbian couples have been able to register their relationship before a registrar . The bill was signed by President Mary McAleese on 19 July 2010 . The Minister for Justice signed the commencement order for the act on 23 December 2010 . The law then came into force on 1 January 2011 . Due to the three-month waiting period for all civil ceremonies in Ireland , it had been expected that the first Civil Partnership ceremonies would take place in April . However , the legislation does provide a mechanism for exemptions to be sought through the courts , and the first partnership , which was between two men , was registered on 7 February 2011 . The first publicly celebrated Irish civil partnership under the Act took place in Dublin on 5 April 2011 . On 6 April 2015 , the Children and Family Relationships Bill 2015 was signed into law , amending ( among other acts ) the Adoption Act 2010 , to enable same-sex couples to jointly adopt children and step-children .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "daf90a0ba95fccfbfe87cff019301e9f", "text": "Outing Outing is the act of disclosing an LGBT person 's sexual orientation or gender identity without that person 's consent . Outing gives rise to issues of privacy , choice , hypocrisy , and harm in addition to sparking debate on what constitutes common good in efforts to combat homophobia and heterosexism . A publicized outing targets prominent figures in a society , for example well-known politicians , accomplished athletes or popular artists . Opponents to LGBT rights movements as well as activists within LGBT communities have used this type of outing as a controversial political campaign or tactic . In an attempt to pre-empt being outed , an LGBT public figure may decide to come out publicly first , although controlling the conditions under which one 's LGBT identity is revealed is only one of numerous motives for coming out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f57583a1204ffb9fb260591f3f75485", "text": "Hillary Clinton email controversy In March 2015 , it became publicly known that Hillary Clinton , during her tenure as United States Secretary of State , had used her family 's private email server for official communications , rather than official State Department email accounts maintained on federal servers . Those official communications included thousands of emails that would retroactively be marked classified by the State Department . The controversy unfolded against the backdrop of Clinton 's 2016 presidential election campaign and hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi . Some experts , officials , and members of Congress have contended that her use of private messaging system software and a private server violated State Department protocols and procedures , as well as federal laws and regulations governing recordkeeping . In response , Clinton has said that her use of personal email was in compliance with federal laws and State Department regulations , and that former secretaries of state had also maintained personal email accounts , though not their own private email servers . After allegations were raised that some of the emails in question contained classified information , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) initiated an investigation regarding the origin and handling of classified emails on Clinton 's server . The FBI Report found that some of the emails originated in five other intelligence agencies . The FBI found that all classified emails on Clinton 's server were stored and sent from `` unclassified systems '' , violating the same policies as those on Clinton 's personal server . FBI Director James Comey identified 110 emails as containing information that was classified at the time it was sent , including 65 emails deemed `` Secret '' and 22 deemed `` Top Secret '' . None of these had classification markings . However , as noted in Clinton 's non-disclosure agreement , unmarked classified information should be treated the same as marked classified information . An additional three email chains contained `` portion markings '' , simply a '' ( C ) '' indicating `` Confidential '' in front of one or more paragraphs . These were not included in Comey 's list of 110 because the State Department failed to confirm they were classified at the time they were sent . Clinton told the FBI she did not know the meaning of '' ( C ) '' . Nearly 2,100 emails on the server were retroactively marked as classified by the State Department . In May 2016 , the State Department 's Office of the Inspector General released an 83-page report about the State Department 's email practices , including Clinton 's . On July 5 , 2016 , Comey announced that the FBI 's investigation had concluded that Clinton was `` extremely careless '' in handling her email system but recommended that no charges be filed against her . On July 6 , 2016 , Attorney General Loretta Lynch announced that no charges would be filed . On July 7 , the State Department reopened its probe into the email controversy . On October 28 , 2016 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had started looking into newly discovered emails that may be pertinent to the case . Law enforcement officials stated the emails were found on a laptop belonging to Clinton aide Huma Abedin 's husband , Anthony Weiner , during an investigation of his sexting scandals . On November 6 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had not changed its conclusion , reached in July , regarding Clinton 's emails .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9effbd79587ce036309e3f611242ebe8", "text": "Transgender Law Center The Transgender Law Center ( TLC ) is an Oakland-based civil rights organization advocating for transgender communities . They are California 's first `` fully staffed , state-wide transgender legal organization '' and were initially a fiscally sponsored project of the National Center for Lesbian Rights . The stated mission of TLC is to connect transgender people and their families to technically sound and culturally competent legal services , increase acceptance and enforcement of laws and policies that support California 's transgender communities , and work to change laws and systems that fail to incorporate the needs and experiences of transgender people . TLC utilizes direct legal services , public policy advocacy , and educational opportunities to advance the rights and safety of diverse transgender communities . Since launching in 2002 , TLC has held over 250 transgender law workshops providing legal information to more than 3,250 community members , attorneys , social service providers , and business owners , as well as collaborated on public policy initiatives designed to improve safety in schools and prisons and safe access to public restrooms for transgender people in San Francisco . TLC successfully helped to revise San Francisco 's `` Regulations to Prohibit Gender Identity Discrimination '' in December 2003 , making them more inclusive of people who do not identify as strictly female or male , and to pass legislation in the City of Oakland banning gender identity discrimination in housing , employment , public accommodation , and city services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7258e79017d57f1b5f8af89cf261fde", "text": "Life of Kylie Life of Kylie is an upcoming American reality television series starring Kylie Jenner . The eight-part half-hour series will debut in the summer of 2017 , on the E! cable network . The reality series was greenlit on April 10 , 2017 . . On May 11 , 2017 , E! released a promo video of the series and announced that the show will premiere on July 6 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
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d9dfd83b0b315a7287ecdf0609e1d975
Travis Barker collaborated with others.
[ { "docid": "8554f9efe8fca3e081eaea607fc02033", "text": "Travis Barker Travis Landon Barker ( born November 14 , 1975 ) is an American musician and producer , and the drummer for the rock band Blink-182 . Barker has also performed as a frequent collaborator with hip-hop artists , and with the alternative rock band +44 , the rap rock group the Transplants , the alternative rock band Box Car Racer , and most recently with Antemasque . He was a frequent collaborator with the late DJ AM , and together they formed TRV$ DJAM . After the split of his first band , Feeble , Barker began playing for the Aquabats in 1996 as the Baron Von Tito . He recorded one album with them , The Fury of The Aquabats ! , in 1997 . His career rose when he joined Blink-182 in 1998 . Barker has since established himself as a versatile drummer , producing and making guest appearances in music projects of numerous music genres including hip hop , alternative rock , pop and country . He has gained significant acceptance within the hip-hop community in particular and often collaborates with artists to compose rock-tinged remixes to their songs . Barker collaborated with artists ( including Game , Yelawolf , Tom Morello , Corey Taylor , Slaughterhouse , Raekwon , Busta Rhymes , RZA , Slash , and other musicians ) for his solo debut album , Give the Drummer Some , which was released on March 15 , 2011 . In 2011 , he worked with Steve Aoki and Kid Cudi in Aoki 's hit single Cudi the Kid , as part of his album Wonderland , with Barker as lead drummer . Aside from drumming , he founded clothing company Famous Stars and Straps in 1999 and LaSalle Records in 2004 . Companies such as DC Shoes and Zildjian cymbals have co-designed products in his name . Rolling Stone referred to him as `` punk 's first superstar drummer . ''", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "dc0b21e34c9e5087548659e5924ca779", "text": "Grand Hustle Records Grand Hustle Records ( formerly Grand Hustle Entertainment ) , also known as Hustle Gang Music , is an Atlanta , Georgia-based record label , founded in 2001 , by American hip hop recording artist T.I. and his business partner Jason Geter . Up until December 2012 , the label was distributed by Atlantic Records . It currently operates as an independent record label . The label is home to artists such as B.o.B , Young Dro , Trae tha Truth and Travis Scott , among others . The label also houses a roster of record producers , including DJ Toomp , Lil ' C , Mars , Nard & B , TrackSlayerz and more . The label has released 26 studio albums in total , with 13 of them being certified gold or higher , by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Additionally , the label has released five albums that reached number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , namely King ( 2006 ) , T.I. vs. T.I.P. ( 2007 ) , Paper Trail ( 2008 ) , The Adventures of Bobby Ray ( 2010 ) and Birds in the Trap Sing McKnight ( 2016 ) . Furthermore , Grand Hustle has released multiple top 40 hit singles , including `` Bring 'Em Out '' , `` What You Know '' , `` Shoulder Lean '' , `` Whatever You Like '' , `` Live Your Life '' , `` Dead and Gone '' , `` Nothin ' on You '' , `` Airplanes '' , `` Magic '' , `` Strange Clouds '' , `` So Good '' , `` Both of Us '' , `` Antidote '' and more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "665678bb5f7be065f5b1af4052814aa9", "text": "Let's Go (Trick Daddy song) `` Let 's Go '' is the first single by American rapper Trick Daddy from his sixth studio album Thug Matrimony : Married to the Streets . It features Twista and Lil Jon and was produced by Jim Jonsin and Bigg D . The song became a top ten hit , reaching # 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it Trick Daddy 's most successful single of his career . The song samples `` Crazy Train '' by Ozzy Osbourne . It was used in the films Stomp the Yard ( 2007 ) and Neighbors ( 2014 ) in addition to the extended trailer for Megamind ( 2010 ) . A remix of the song that is completely produced by Lil Jon is featured on the bonus CD of Lil Jon & The Eastside Boyz 's album Crunk Juice . It is not to be confused with a song of the same name by Travis Barker , which also featured Twista and Lil Jon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33af6a1f9fdb3da5c58eb0318a52ad5b", "text": "Colin C. Allrich Colin Cameron Allrich ( born 1982 , Plymouth , Massachusetts ) is a self-taught Los Angeles-based musician , remixer , audio engineer and record producer . Colin 's career began when he became part of the first wave of musicians releasing music digitally with MP3.com 's launch in 1998 . During these early years he was known for experimenting with meshing analog sampling and computer sequencing using Jeskola Buzz . Since then Colin has forged a multi-genre approach to music , working out of his `` Cell Studio '' creating original compositions and remixes as heard on : FOX 's Bones ( TV series ) , MTV 's The People 's Choice Awards and HBO 's True Blood . Colin has also branched out into film work , supplying a song ( as his Slighter moniker ) to Lionsgate Films soundtrack to Blood Out and his own scores to independent films . Colin has worked as a remixer and producer for numerous music labels worldwide , most notably his remixes for UK labels Lost Language ( Space Manoeuvers ' `` Stage One '' ) and Adjust Recordings ( Dan Welton 's `` Lisopain '' ) . His remix of `` Lisopain '' was well received by DJ Hernán Cattáneo who included it in his `` Sequential '' mixed compilation for Renaissance Records which was distributed stateside by Thrive Records and worldwide with BMG Records . Colin is also the adopted son of American screenwriter and painter , Steve Allrich .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b89b747695cad20f94bab7a352a7ec8", "text": "Joseph Travis Joseph A. Travis is an American Professor of Biological Science and past Dean of the College of Arts & Sciences at Florida State University . His research studies the ecology of natural selection using experimental techniques . His studies focus on a number of specific problems ranging from the differences in inflorescence size among populations of the flypoison lily , Zigadenus ( Amianthium ) muscatoxicus in Virginia to the striking divergence in body size in north Florida populations of the sailfin molly , Poecilia latipinna . Populations of least killifish vary widely in density as well as in the form and amplitude of their fluctuations in population density , and in recent work Travis has identified which ecological factors are responsible for these differences in density regimes and what might be their cascading effects . He also is part of a large team of scientists , led by David Reznick of the University of California , Riverside , that is investigating how adaptation in Trinidadian guppies , Poecilia reticulata , alters how guppies interact with their predators and creates cascading effects on energy flow through the mountain stream ecosystem . He received his Ph.D. from Duke University in 1980 . He is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science , and in 2005 he served as President of the American Society of Naturalists . In 2011 he won the E. O. Wilson Naturalist Award from the American Society of Naturalists . The award `` is given to an active investigator in mid-career who has made significant contributions to the knowledge of a particular ecosystem or group of organisms . '' Along with colleague Michael Ruse he is co-editor of Evolution : The First Four Billion Years ( Belknap Press of Harvard University Press 2009 , ISBN 978-0-674-03175-3 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0376a7e3ef1fcca4a903383988d66d6a", "text": "Transplants discography This is a comprehensive discography of the Transplants , a punk rock/hip-hop supergroup . Formed in 1999 , the project consists of Tim Armstrong ( Rancid ) on guitar and vocals , `` Skinhead Rob '' Aston ( Expensive Taste ) on vocals , Travis Barker ( Blink-182 and +44 ) on drums and Kevin `` Sweatshop '' Bivona on bass . As of 2015 , the band has released three studio albums , one remix album , and five singles . Their latest album was released on June 25 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19d164e45a8ec21cf0541c1c18f2ed32", "text": "Deeper Than the Holler `` Deeper Than The Holler '' is a song written by Paul Overstreet and Don Schlitz , and recorded by American country music singer Randy Travis . It was released in November 1988 as the second single from the album , Old 8x10 . The song was his eighth Number One single , and his sixth consecutive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "186311c2cb992eae34a4ebd2b16b0d45", "text": "Where You Stand (song) `` Where You Stand '' is a song by alternative rock band Travis , written by Dougie Payne , Holly Partridge and Fran Healy . It was released on 30 April 2013 as the lead single from the band 's seventh studio album , Where You Stand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae4128eadde45495d660aedc95129e7a", "text": "The Barker The Barker is a 1928 part-talkie pre-code romantic drama film produced and released by First National Pictures , a subsidiary of Warner Bros. , acquired in September 1928 . The film was directed by George Fitzmaurice and stars Milton Sills , Dorothy Mackaill , Betty Compson , and Douglas Fairbanks , Jr. . . The film is based on the Broadway play of the same name which opened at the Biltmore Theatre January 18 , 1927 and ran until July 1927 for 221 performances . In the stage production Walter Huston was `` Nifty '' and a still relatively unknown Claudette Colbert was `` Lou '' , played in the film by Dorothy Mackaill . The film was adapted by Benjamin Glazer , Joseph Jackson and Herman J. Mankiewicz from the play by Kenyon Nicholson . The Barker is a part-talkie with talking sequences and sequences with synchronized musical scoring and sound effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47b0d5c2418244093da853d9481bec26", "text": "Nicholas Barker Nicholas Howard Barker is a British extreme metal drummer best known as the original drummer for British metal band Cradle of Filth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7", "text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51d27089426ba0c878f15d94ad7be7d9", "text": "Mark Brooks (director) Mark Brooks is an American producer , director , writer and musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f838b73df070a376a1921f68e1275d1", "text": "Volcano Entertainment Volcano Entertainment ( sometimes referred to as Volcano Records ) is an American all-round music record label founded in 1996 best known for reissuing albums by Shy Records and releasing albums by Tool , 311 , Size 14 , Survivor and `` Weird Al '' Yankovic ( the latter two were former Scotti Bros. . Records artists and the only artists retained from the label ) . It is currently a part of Epic Records , a division of Sony Music Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ade06501167cd32d4c893bf6c596bcc6", "text": "Owl Pharaoh Owl Pharaoh is the debut mixtape by American rapper Travis Scott . It was released on May 21 , 2013 , for free by Grand Hustle Records and Epic Records . The mixtape features guest appearances from T.I. , Wale , 2 Chainz , Toro y Moi , A$ AP Ferg , Theophilus London , Paul Wall , James Fauntleroy and Meek Mill .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1a1894a07d1296737c12002cb1c60e1", "text": "Collaborations (KJ-52 album) Collaborations is rapper KJ-52 's second studio album , and his first distributed by BEC Recordings . It features his most known song , `` Dear Slim '' which was shown on Total Request Live and described his aspirations such as `` Rise Up '' featuring Rob Beckley of Pillar and Trevor McNevan of Thousand Foot Krutch as well as `` Revenge of the Nerds '' featuring Pigeon John .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b84335d2230bfea9a71e1ceff67fe6b1", "text": "Melton Barker Melton Barker ( February 14 , 1903 -- March 1977 ) was an itinerant filmmaker who produced and directed numerous films with his company , Melton Barker Juvenile Productions , from the 1930s though the 1970s . These films were shot across the United States with casts of children who each paid a fee for the opportunity to star in the two-reel shorts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea916bce5a4a157d75793297b95b84e", "text": "Time Bomb (album) Time Bomb is the second studio album by American rock band Buckcherry . It was produced by John Travis -LSB- -RSB- and released on March 27 , 2001 by DreamWorks Records . It is the band 's only album to feature guitarist Yogi Lonich and is the last album with the original line-up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64c22ae06bde7d396c4dd68cd3e80e7a", "text": "Travis Randall Travis Randall ( born Travis Michael Randall ; December 9 , 1972 ) is an American actor and musician . He was born in Spooner , Wisconsin . In 2008 he was a regular on Spike Network 's MANswers as the exotic food expert appearing in multiple episodes . In 2005 he appeared in the film Never Been Thawed that was directed and written by Sean Anders who would go on to write and direct '' Sex Drive ' as well as projects such as Mr. Popper 's Penguins ( film ) , Hot Tub Time Machine , She 's Out of His League , and Dumb and Dumber To . Sean and Travis were in the band Stone Bogart together . They made music and covered such songs as Monty Python 's `` The Lumberjack Song . '' Travis is also an acclaimed chef with a cookbook due in late 2015 according to his website . Travis also has a BBQ sauce available through his website . He regularly appears on radio and TV segments about food nationally . As of 2011 he was teaching grilling classes periodically in Scottsdale , Arizona .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3edc51859f394f182c5ab8b8daf158e", "text": "Travis Tuck (sculptor) Travis Tuck was a Martha 's Vineyard based metal sculptor known for his hand-crafted weather vanes of repoussé copper and bronze . His works turn in the wind above Steven Spielberg 's East Hampton estate and 110 feet over Penn State 's Beaver Stadium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cbc466207a2c394afdb90c3cb08b976", "text": "James M. Ingram James M. Ingram is an American Recording Engineer based in Los Angeles , California . He first started working with Blink 182 members Mark Hoppus , and Travis Barker , at their studio in Los Angeles during the recording of the +44 album When Your Heart Stops Beating . During this time he also appeared as a frequent guest on Hoppus ' podcast , `` Hi My Name is Mark . '' Hoppus notes during podcast number 6 , that this James Ingram is not to be confused with `` THE James Ingram '' , the popular American soul musician . Ingram has worked with recording artists Blink 182 , Tyler the Creator , Mike Posner , Leona Lewis , and Avril Lavigne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec883076d2831ff5369b7687f5071b61", "text": "List of frequent Tim Burton collaborators Tim Burton ( born August 25 , 1958 ) is an American film director , film producer , writer and artist who often works with certain actors and crew members in multiple feature film directing projects . The actors who collaborated with Burton the most frequently are Johnny Depp , Helena Bonham Carter and Christopher Lee , who all appeared in eight , seven and six films , respectively . Film composer Danny Elfman composed the music for all of Burton 's feature films with the exception of Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) and Miss Peregrine 's Home for Peculiar Children ( 2016 ) . He also composed the music for The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) , a stop-motion animated film Burton co-wrote and produced . Other actors that Burton has worked with include Danny DeVito , Conchata Ferrell , Albert Finney , Carmen Filpi , Michael Gough , Eva Green , Pat Hingle , Jan Hooks , Rance Howard , Jeffrey Jones , O-Lan Jones , Michael Keaton , Martin Landau , Lisa Marie , Catherine O'Hara , Michelle Pfeiffer , Missi Pyle , Paul Reubens , Alan Rickman , Deep Roy , Winona Ryder , Diane Salinger , Glenn Shadix , Martin Short , Timothy Spall , Sylvia Sidney , Christopher Walken , Frank Welker , Terence Stamp and Paul Whitehouse . Catherine O'Hara , Paul Reubens , and Glenn Shadix also starred in The Nightmare Before Christmas . Actor Jason Hervey appeared in the short film Frankenweenie ( 1984 ) , before appearing in Burton 's feature film directing debut Pee-wee 's Big Adventure ( 1985 ) . Actor Vincent Price worked with Burton on three projects , hosting the television film Hansel and Gretel ( 1982 ) , narrating the short film Vincent ( 1982 ) and appearing in the feature film Edward Scissorhands ( 1990 ) . Actresses Ada and Arlene Tai worked with Burton as extras in Ed Wood before going on to be cast in Big Fish ( 2003 ) . In addition to starring in Beetlejuice , Edward Scissorhands and Frankenweenie , Winona Ryder appeared in the Burton-directed music video for The Killers ' `` Here with Me '' .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e6945cfbcefd7893ad84447b620ecf17
Judith Quiney was the daughter of a man.
[ { "docid": "0993cea1015f7daa7c4e4709d3f0f7fa", "text": "Judith Quiney Judith Quiney ( baptised 2 February 1585 -- 9 February 1662 ) , née Shakespeare , was the younger daughter of William Shakespeare and Anne Hathaway and the fraternal twin of Shakespeare 's only son Hamnet Shakespeare . She married Thomas Quiney , a vintner of Stratford-upon-Avon . The circumstances of the marriage , including Quiney 's misconduct , may have prompted the rewriting of Shakespeare 's will . Thomas was struck out , while Judith 's inheritance was attached with provisions to safeguard it from her husband . The bulk of Shakespeare 's estate was left , in an elaborate fee tail , to his elder daughter Susanna and her male heirs . Judith and Thomas Quiney had three children . By the time of Judith Quiney 's death , she had outlived her children by many years . She has been depicted in several works of fiction as part of an attempt to piece together unknown portions of her father 's life .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5020e036b8d7dc4c114d5119edf37069", "text": "Rose Coghlan Rose Coghlan ( March 18 , 1851 -- April 2 , 1932 ) , English actress was the sister of Charles Francis Coghlan . She went to America in 1871 as part of Lydia Thompson 's troupe touring the U.S. . She made her Broadway debut in 1872 in a musical . Coghlan was again in England from 1873 to 1877 , playing with Barry Sullivan , and then returned to America . She became prominent as Countess Zicka in Diplomacy , and Stephanie in Forget-me-not . She was at Wallack 's almost continuously until 1888 , and subsequently appeared in melodrama in parts like the title-role of The Sporting Duchess . Rose Coghlan died in 1932 in Harrison , New York . She had been married twice first to Clinton J. Edgerly from 1885 to 1890 and second to John T. Sullivan from 1890 to 1893 . She had two children , an adopted daughter and a son .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8376001b974e4d99d7d14ea94fbdbe1a", "text": "Janet Leigh Janet Leigh ( born Jeanette Helen Morrison ; July 6 , 1927 -- October 3 , 2004 ) was an American actress , singer , dancer and author . She is best remembered for her performance in Psycho , for which she was awarded the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and received an Academy Award nomination . She was the first wife of actor Tony Curtis and the mother of Kelly Curtis and Jamie Lee Curtis . Discovered by actress Norma Shearer , Leigh made her acting debut on radio in 1946 and secured a contract with MGM the following year . Early in her career , she appeared in popular films spanning a wide variety of genres , including Act of Violence ( 1948 ) , Little Women ( 1949 ) , Angels in the Outfield ( 1951 ) , Scaramouche ( 1952 ) , The Naked Spur ( 1953 ) and Living It Up ( 1954 ) . She played mostly dramatic roles during the latter half of the 1950s , in such films as Safari ( 1956 ) and Touch of Evil ( 1958 ) , but achieved her most lasting recognition as the doomed Marion Crane in Alfred Hitchcock 's Psycho ( 1960 ) . Her highly publicized marriage to Curtis ended in divorce in 1962 , and after starring in The Manchurian Candidate that same year , Leigh scaled back her career . Intermittently , she continued to appear in notable films , including Bye Bye Birdie ( 1963 ) , Harper ( 1966 ) and Night of the Lepus ( 1972 ) as well as two films with her daughter , Jamie Lee : The Fog ( 1980 ) and Halloween H20 : 20 Years Later ( 1998 ) . She also wrote four books between 1984 and 2002 , including two novels . Leigh died in 2004 at age 77 , following a year-long battle with vasculitis , an inflammation of the blood vessels . Among her survivors was her husband of 42 years , Robert Brandt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8564bb9b62394585ea31aac2d1979a05", "text": "William Moore Johnson Sir William Moore Johnson , 1st Baronet , KC , PC ( 1828 -- 9 December 1918 ) was an Irish politician , barrister and judge . He was held in great affection by the Bar , despite a reputation for stupidity which led to his nickname `` Wooden-headed Billy '' . He was the son of Rev. William Johnson , chancellor of the Diocese of Cloyne , and his wife Elizabeth Hamilton , daughter of the Rev. William Hamilton , Fellow of Trinity College , Dublin . He was educated at Dublin University , entered Lincoln 's Inn in 1849 , and was called to the Irish Bar four years later . In 1872 , he became a Queen 's Counsel . He was elected as a Liberal Member of Parliament ( MP ) for Mallow in County Cork in 1880 , and held the seat until 1883 . He also served as Solicitor General for Ireland from 1880 to 1881 . In 1881 , he was sworn a member of the Privy Council of Ireland and made Attorney General for Ireland . He remained Attorney General until 1883 , when he was appointed a Justice of the Queen 's Bench Division of the High Court of Justice in Ireland . He married Susan , daughter of Richard Bayly of Green Park , Kilmallock the following year . According to Maurice Healy , Johnson did not wish to become a judge ( largely because Irish judges then were rather poorly paid ) . However when Attorney General he caused a furore , in the course of prosecuting Maurice 's uncle Timothy Michael Healy , by publicly shaking his hand , and the Crown felt that it would be better if he ceased to be a Law Officer . As a judge he was notorious for his inability to get the facts of a case right , leading to the nickname `` Wooden-headed Billy '' . Maurice Healy however adds that he was a fairly good lawyer and the kindest-hearted of men ; in an era when many Irish judges , such as Hugh Holmes , Walter Boyd and William Drennan Andrews were noted for the severity of their sentences in criminal cases , Johnson was noted for his clemency . At the Wexford assize in 1897 he expressed his horror at the brutal murder of James Kelly , a well to do farmer from Kilcavan , the previous month . He told the grand jury that he would not comment on the case in detail since there had been no arrest . In fact no arrest was ever made and the murder remains unsolved to this day . He was created a Baronet ( of Dublin ) in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 24 November 1909 after his retirement from the court that year . The title became extinct on his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "354b186210ca90be53b057ad27550a52", "text": "Joyce Howard Joyce Howard ( 28 February 1922 in London -- 23 November 2010 in Santa Monica , California ) was an English actress , writer and film executive . After studying at RADA , she was spotted by film director Anthony Asquith in a play at London 's Embassy Theatre . He cast the 19-year-old in Freedom Radio ( 1941 ) , and starring roles in films followed , including opposite James Mason in The Night Has Eyes and They Met in the Dark , the former winning her rave reviews . She was also active in theatre , including Romeo and Juliet at the Old Vic and in A Streetcar Named Desire . She performed in London throughout World War II , even as Nazis were bombing the city . In 1950 , after 13 films , she more or less retired from acting to raise her three children by actor Basil Sydney . Howard also began a second career as a writer . She wrote three well-received novels , Two Persons Singular ( 1960 ) , A Private View ( 1961 ) and Going On ( 2000 ) . She also wrote plays , including Broken Silence , which was produced by the BBC . After her divorce from Sydney , Howard married American psychoanalyst Joel Shor , and moved to California in 1964 . Although the couple eventually separated , Howard remained in California . To support her family as a single mother , she embarked on a third career as a story analyst for network television . She was promoted to executive and story editor at Paramount Pictures and Paramount TV , eventually becoming responsible for property acquisition and development . She also continued to write for television and wrote original treatments for miniseries The Whiteoaks and Picasso 's Painted Ladies . At the request of Henry Miller 's widow , Howard collated , edited and wrote an introduction to Letters by Henry Miller to Hoki Tokuda Miller ( 1986 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28657197232a2fb24f2dfc9b9e5ed6f5", "text": "Willie Mulvagh Willie Mulvagh , lover of Nora Barnacle , 1881 - 195 ? Mulvagh was born in Mary Street , Galway , and worked in the town 's mineral company as an accountant . One day he accosted Nora on O'Brien 's Bridge and asked her to go out with him . Initially unattracted , Nora accepted his offer as young women needed to be accompanied to the local dances , and Nora and her friends loved dancing . However , in turn of the century Galway it was not acceptable for Catholic girls to be courted by Protestant boys . Subterfuge was necessitated , aided by Nora 's friend , Mary . Mulvagh has become well known by readers of Molly Bloom 's monologue in Ulysses with the line `` Mulveys was the first . '' What exactly he was the first to do remains unknown . Brenda Maddox speculates that `` it seems as if Willie Mulvagh may have been the first to instruct Nora in the art of pleasing a man without losing her virtue ... posterity is entitled to suspect that the young man from the mineral water factory and Nora Barnacle ventured further in their embraces than Nora revealed to her girlfriend waiting the Abbey Church 's pews . '' The immediate result of this was a severe punishing of Nora by her uncle Tommy Healy ; he beat her with his thorn stick until she fell . Nora later gave this as the main reason for her decision to run away to Dublin . Mulvagh himself converted to marry his Catholic wife three years later , as did his brothers . However , he never forgot Nora : `` Twice a widower , Willie lived on until the 1950s and in his last years made his home in England with his daughter . He was a silent man who never spoke about his past , never read books and had not the faintest idea that he was in Ulysses . His daughter was all the more startled one day , therefore , when Willie looked up from his newspaper , his memory apparently jogged by something he had read , and asked `` James Joyce ? Did n't he marry a Galway girl by the name of Barnacle ? ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e67aaa4f6a89fbf3fed7fbc1599522e9", "text": "The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson . The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements . Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson . The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . '' Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . '' The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "113e92a8d9cd8d935b9451879c89e081", "text": "Secrets of Sex Secrets of Sex ( 1969 , released 1970 ) , also known as Bizarre , is a British film , directed by Antony Balch , an experimental filmmaker and frequent collaborator with William S. Burroughs . The film is narrated by an Egyptian mummy ( voiced by Valentine Dyall ) . After directing the Burroughs-influenced shorts Towers Open Fire ( 1963 ) and The Cut Ups ( 1967 ) , Balch approached producer Richard Gordon in 1968 to direct an anthology film running just over an hour , titled Multiplication . After the script was rewritten to bring the film up to feature length and the budget doubled ( 32,000 pounds ) filming took place over 14 weeks in 1969 . Released in February 1970 , it was a huge success in the UK , running for six months at the Jacey Cinema in Piccadilly Circus alone , during which time it recouped its entire production cost . The film remained in circulation in the UK throughout the 1970s , sometimes appearing in a half hour edited version that played on the second half of double-bills . Five writers are credited with the script , although several other people , including Brion Gysin and Ian Cullen ( writer of Cruel Passion ( 1977 ) and husband of Yvonne Quenet , who plays Mary-Claire in the film ) also claimed to have worked on the writing . Many of the actresses who appear nude in the film , such as Nicole Austin and Maria Frost , were mainly topless models who had begun to get minor acting roles in British sex and horror films of the period . Frost , who plays Lindy Leigh in the film , was so horrified she 'd been given a major role in the film that she reportedly told Balch `` I 'm a model , I ca n't act . '' She had previously appeared in two Harrison Marks shorts , Maria and Scouts Honour . The dinosaur sculptures that feature in the `` Strange Young Man '' segment are the famous Crystal Palace Dinosaurs . Commenting on the film in an unpublished 1975 interview , Balch claimed `` this is a very uneven film , but three episodes and a single shot , are good . I liked the ones with the photographer , Elliot Stein , and the Lady in the Greenhouse . The episode of the monster baby is a bore , but the single shot of it , at the end is brilliant . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9137589b855e57b24e6ba97df17e0509", "text": "The Plain Dealer (play) The Plain Dealer is a Restoration comedy by William Wycherley , first performed on 11 December 1676 . The play is based on Molière 's Le Misanthrope , and is generally considered Wycherley 's finest work along with The Country Wife . The play was highly praised by John Dryden and John Dennis , though it was equally condemned for its obscenity by many . Throughout the eighteenth century it was performed in a bowdlerized version by Isaac Bickerstaffe . The title character is Captain Manly , a sailor who doubts the motives of everyone he meets except for his sweetheart , Olivia , and his friend , Vernish . When Olivia jilts him and marries Vernish , he attempts to gain revenge by sending a pageboy ( who , unknown to him , is a girl in disguise and is in love with him ) to seduce Olivia . When the truth of the page 's identity is discovered , Manly marries her instead . The French philosopher , historian , and dramatist Voltaire adapted The Plain Dealer to make his own play , titled La Prude ( The Prude ) . Comments from 1911 Britannica : Scarcely inferior to The Country Wife is The Plain Dealer -- a play of which Voltaire said , `` Je ne connais point de comédie chez les anciens ni chez les modernes où il y ait autant d'esprit . '' ( `` I know not of a single comedy of either the ancients or the moderns where there is so much wit . '' ) This comedy had an immense influence , as regards manipulation of dialogue , upon all subsequent English comedies of repartee , and he who wants to trace the ancestry of Tony Lumpkin and Mrs Hardcastle ( in She Stoops to Conquer by Oliver Goldsmith ) has only to turn to Jerry Blackacre and his mother , while Manly ( for whom Wycherley 's early patron , the Duke of Montausier , sat ) , though he is perhaps overdone , has dominated this kind of stage character ever since . If but few readers know how constantly the blunt sententious utterances of this character are reappearing , not on the stage alone , but in the novel and even in poetry , it is because a play whose motive is monstrous and intolerable can only live in a monstrous and intolerable state of society ; it is because Wycherley 's genius was followed by Nemesis , who always dogs the footsteps of the denier of literary art . When Burns said : `` The rank is but the guinea stamp , The man 's the gowd for a ' that '' ; when Sterne , in Tristram Shandy , said , `` Honours , like impressions upon coin , may give an ideal and local value to a bit of base metal , but gold and silver will pass all the world over without any other recommendation than their own weight , '' what did these writers do but adopt -- adopt without improving -- Manly 's fine saying to Freeman , in the first act : `` I weigh the man , not his title ; 't is not the king 's stamp can make the metal better or heavier '' ? And yet it is in the fourth and fifth acts that the coruscation of Wycherley 's comic genius are the most dazzling ; also , it is there that the licentiousness is the most astonishing . Not that the worst scenes in this play are really more wicked than the worst scenes in Vanbrugh 's Relapse , but they are more seriously imagined . Being less humorous than Vanbrugh 's scenes , they are more terribly and earnestly realistic ; therefore they seem more wicked . They form indeed a striking instance of the folly of the artist who selects a story which can not be actualized without hurting the finer instincts of human nature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8f63750a07cdbab89f71c20e3e5c2ba", "text": "Deana Martin Deana Martin ( born August 19 , 1948 ) is an American singer , actress , author , performer and daughter of well-known entertainer , Dean Martin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d03ac00e325937c04fd675a4d507e3c2", "text": "Joy Quigley Marilyn Joy Quigley , QSO ( born 9 May 1948 ) , also known as Joy McLauchlan , is a former New Zealand politician . Quigley was born in Geraldine , and married Al McLauchlan . She spent several years overseas with her husband and family , before first standing for the National Party in the .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89e267e95267e9f41052e7bbb5d12685", "text": "James Kenney (dramatist) James Kenney ( 178025 July 1849 ) was an English dramatist , the son of James Kenney , one of the founders of Boodles ' Club in London . His first play , a farce called Raising the Wind ( 1803 ) , was a success owing to the popularity of the character of `` Jeremy Diddler '' . Kenney produced more than forty dramas and operas between 1803 and 1845 , and many of his pieces , in which Mrs Siddons , Madame Vestris , Foote , Lewis , Liston and other leading players appeared from time to time , enjoyed a considerable vogue . His most popular play was Sweethearts and Wives , produced at the Haymarket Theatre in 1823 , and several times afterwards revived ; and among the most successful of his other works were : False Alarms ( 1807 ) , a comic opera with music by Braham ; Love , Law and Physic ( 1812 ) ; Spring and Autumn ( 1827 ) ; The Illustrious Stranger , or Married and Buried ( 1827 ) ; Masaniello ( 1829 ) ; The Sicilian Vespers , a tragedy ( 1840 ) . Kenney , who numbered Charles Lamb and Samuel Rogers among his friends , died in London in 1849 . He married the widow of the dramatist Thomas Holcroft , by whom he had two sons and two daughters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b77cdc02d7abd505ee2a10fce11598f8", "text": "To War with Whitaker To War with Whitaker : The Wartime Diaries of the Countess of Ranfurly 1939 -- 1945 is a memoir of World War II written , in diary form , by Hermione , Countess of Ranfurly . It was first published by William Heinemann in 1994 . The following year , Mandarin Publishing issued it in paperback , describing the memoir as `` A love story that knows no bounds '' : When World War II broke out , Dan Ranfurly was dispatched to the Middle East with his faithful valet , Whitaker . These are the diaries of his young wife , Hermione , who , defying the War Office , raced off in hot pursuit of her husband . When Dan was taken prisoner , Hermione vowed never to return home until they were reunited . For six years , travelling alone from Cape Town to Palestine , and meeting such charismatic characters as Churchill , Eisenhower , and a parrot called Coco on the way , she kept her promise . To War with Whitaker received immediate and general critical acclaim . The actor-novelist Sir Dirk Bogarde wrote in the Daily Telegraph : `` If you buy one more book this year , do make it To War with Whitaker . '' The author Robert Rhodes James wrote in the Sunday Express : `` An extraordinary story . No review can do justice to the writing . '' The Daily Mail commented : `` These absolutely spiffing diaries offer a madcap , aristocratic window behind the lines of war '' and the reviewer for Woman & Home wrote : `` Few diaries from any era could be as fascinating ... This is truly compulsive reading . '' Its lively prose style is characterised by frankness , a sharp eye for character -- not least that of the short , chubby , phlegmatic valet Whitaker -- and a sharp ear for dialogue . For example , when the Earl received a telegram at the outbreak of war in 1939 ordering him to report to his regiment , the Countess writes : `` After reading this Dan asked Whitaker if he would like to go with him . The old fatty looked over the top of his spectacles and said , ` To the War , my Lord ? Very good , my Lord . ' '' The Countess 's husband Daniel Knox , 6th Earl of Ranfurly , was a lieutenant in the Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry . He was captured by soldiers of Rommel 's Afrika Korps , along with General Sir Richard O'Connor and other officers , in Libya in April 1941 when their driver became lost in the dark . A military historian later described it as `` the most valuable car-load of booty to fall to the Afrika Korps during its entire existence '' . He spent the next two years as a prisoner-of-war in Italy . Daniel and other British officers escaped following the Italian surrender in 1943 and , after several months on the run behind German lines , he was finally reunited with his wife in Algiers in May 1944 . After the war , he served as Governor of the Bahamas where his wife established a lending library service in Nassau that she later extended to other parts of the world in need of English books . When the Countess died in 2001 , her obituarist for the Daily Telegraph wrote : `` Hermione , Countess of Ranfurly , who has died aged 87 , was the author of one of the most delightful memoirs of recent times , To War with Whitaker ( 1994 ) , and the kind of woman for whom words such as pluck and spirit might have been invented . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49883f0f574e3c02c3872a2d923e2a8b", "text": "Judy Roderick Judith Allen `` Judy '' Roderick ( December 14 , 1942 -- January 22 , 1992 ) was an American folk and blues singer and songwriter , described by Allmusic as : `` One of the finest white folk/blues singers of the early to mid - '60s . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e54ab06b63872bfa5bb904e3f82a9f97", "text": "Marion Chesney Marion Gibbons , née McChesney ( born 1936 in Glasgow , Scotland ) is a British popular and prolific writer of romance and mystery novels since 1979 . She has written numerous successful historical romance novels under ( a form of ) her maiden name , Marion Chesney , including the Travelling Matchmaker and Daughters of Mannerling series . Using the pseudonym M. C. Beaton , she has also written many popular mystery novels , most notably the Agatha Raisin and Hamish Macbeth mystery series . She has also written romance novels under the pseudonyms Ann Fairfax , Jennie Tremaine , Helen Crampton , Charlotte Ward , and Sarah Chester . Writing as Marion Chesney , her most recent endeavour is an Edwardian mystery series featuring Lady Rose Summer , a charming debutante with an independent streak , and Captain Harry Cathcart , an impoverished aristocrat . In a recent interview , she stated that she has ceased writing the Edwardian series due to the pressure of writing for the Agatha Raisin and Hamish Macbeth series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b18f6e3776576b79dd3460f59a8b3567", "text": "Stephen James Joyce Stephen James Joyce ( born 15 February 1932 ) is the grandson of James Joyce and the controversial executor of Joyce 's estate . He was born in France , the son of James Joyce 's son , Giorgio , and Helen Joyce , née Kastor . Stephen attended Harvard University , graduating in 1958 . At Harvard , he once roomed with Paul Matisse , grandson of French impressionist painter Henri Matisse , and with Sadruddin Aga Khan . Thereafter , he worked for the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development on African development . He retired from the OECD in 1991 to focus on managing his grandfather 's estate . He and his wife , Solange Raythchine Joyce , live in the Île de Ré in France . They have no children ; Stephen is James Joyce 's sole living descendant . Stephen Joyce and Seán Sweeney are the joint trustees of the Estate of James Joyce . He has taken an active role in all legal matters relating to Joyce 's works . He has brought numerous lawsuits or threats of legal action against scholars , biographers , and artists attempting to quote from Joyce 's literary work or personal correspondence . In 2004 , Joyce threatened legal action against the Irish government when the Rejoyce Dublin 2004 festival proposed public reading of excerpts of Ulysses on Bloomsday . In 1988 Stephen Joyce destroyed a collection of letters written by Lucia Joyce , his aunt . In 1989 he forced Brenda Maddox to delete a postscript concerning Lucia from her biography Nora : The Real Life of Molly Bloom . After 1995 Stephen announced no permissions would be granted to quote from his grandfather 's work . Libraries holding letters by Joyce were unable to show them without permission . Versions of his work online were disallowed . Stephen claimed to be protecting his grandfather 's and his family 's reputation , but would sometimes grant permission to use material in exchange for fees that were often `` extortionate '' . On 13 January 2011 , on the 70th anniversary of Joyce 's death , all of his works entered the public domain in much of the world . In the US however , some of Joyce 's work remains protected by copyright . Prior to this , in 2007 , Joyce 's hold on the estate had already been delimited by a fair use suit brought by Carol Loeb Schloss and the Stanford Law School Center for Internet and Society 's Fair Use Project . When the Central Bank of Ireland issued a ten euro James Joyce commemorative coin on 10 April 2013 , Stephen Joyce described the coin and the circumstances of its issue as `` one of the greatest insults to the Joyce family that has ever been perpetrated in Ireland '' . He complained of a lack of consultation over the coin ; he objected to an error in a Joycean quotation inscribed on the coin ; he was upset by the design of the portrait of the writer on the coin , calling it `` the most unlikely likeness of Joyce ever produced '' ; and he described as highly insensitive and offensive the decision to issue the coin on the anniversary of the death of his grandmother , Nora Joyce , who died in 1951 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46bf8653c6b812b64087e9e3af4bb4e8", "text": "Douglas Kenney Douglas C. Kenney ( December 10 , 1946 -- August 29 , 1980 ) was an American writer and actor who co-founded the magazine National Lampoon in 1970 . Kenney edited the magazine and wrote much of its early material .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c3f7ea7ea4d40edd4c7a20053ca137d", "text": "Bennet family The Bennet family are a fictional family of dwindling Hertfordshire landed gentry , created by English novelist Jane Austen . The family plays a central role in the novel Pride and Prejudice , since it is the one to which the protagonist , Elizabeth , belongs . The complex relationships between its various members influence the evolution of the plot . In a society where marriage is the only possible future for a young girl of good family , the presence in the household of five girls to marry with no other advantage than their good looks can only be a source of concern . Yet the Bennet couple do not assume their role as educators : the mother repeatedly makes a spectacle of herself , incapable of realizing that her behaviour is more likely to put off any rich , eligible young man who noticed the oldest and most pretty of her daughters . All the while , the father , an indifferent husband , whose mocking gaze only makes things worse , since he has long-since given up on reining in her behaviour , more intent on ` enjoying the show ' than in correcting her behaviour , and the behaviour of his younger daughters , regardless of how negatively it affects his daughters ' chances of respectable matches . These girls show very different behaviors according to the education they received or provided themselves : the two eldest daughters , Jane and Elizabeth , show irreproachable conduct and are appreciated by their father , while Mary , less physically attractive , displays intellectual and musical pretensions , and the two youngest are both left almost abandoned to run wild under the sloppy , careless supervision of their ineffectual mother . Other members of the Bennets staged by Jane Austen are , on the one hand Mrs Bennet 's brother and sister -- Mr. Gardiner and Mrs. Philips , on the other hand the designated heir of Mr. Bennet 's estate , his distant paternal second cousin , the pompous and foolish Mr. William Collins . Mr. Gardiner and Mrs. Philips contribute significantly to the progress and outcome of the story , but at a level and in a different register reflecting their respective social belonging . Collins 's character serves as a link between the gentry of Hertfordshire , to which the Bennets belong , and the large property owners Lady Catherine de Bourgh and Mr. Darcy . The legal , financial or emotional interests that unite or divide the members of the Bennet family allow Jane Austen to build a complex picture of society and to raise a number of societal issues specific to her time , particularly concerning girls ' education and legitimacy of certain behaviors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cb1b42e0a949eaf2cee3dadcf286880", "text": "Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings . The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . '' Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy . Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . '' The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque . Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories . The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ca1cd97a239c1e67a95a9629c38b15e", "text": "Jordan Charney Jordan Charney ( born April 1 , 1937 in Brooklyn , New York ) is an American character actor . Many of his earliest roles were on daytime television , with appearances in numerous soaps . Jordan created the role of creepy Julian Dark in the early to mid-1960s on the CBS soap , The Secret Storm . He played Sam Lucas , a former convict who became a lawyer , in both Another World and its spin-off Somerset , playing the role from 1967 to 1974 . He also appeared as Lt. Vince Wolek on One Life to Live ( 1975 -- 1977 ) . Other roles were on Love of Life and All My Children . Charney portrayed newspaper editor Ted Bergman in the 1977 CBS series The Andros Targets . He had a recurring role as Frank Angelino , Jack Tripper 's boss , on Three 's Company ( 1981 -- 1983 ) . He is often cast as a judge , attorney , prison warden , or police officer . He has made appearances on Falcon Crest , Dynasty , Night Court and 100 Centre Street , among many other series . He can also be seen in the recurring role of Judge Donald Karan on Law & Order . Charney has also appeared in such films as The Hospital , Ghostbusters , and Network . Charney , who is married to television director Nancy Cooperstein , has most recently appeared Off-Broadway with Sabine Singh in The Gold Standard by Daniel Roberts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e7e28a04a7f93f5d1093a64884fc618", "text": "Hiram Lodge Hiram Lodge is a fictional character by Archie Comics . He is married to Hermione Lodge and they have a daughter , Veronica Lodge . He is also the richest man in Riverdale ( in fact , according to one story , the Lodges founded it ) . Bob Montana , creator of the original Archie characters , knew the Lodges , a Massachusetts Brahmin political family because he painted a mural for them . Montana used that name when he created the character of Hiram Lodge .", "title": "" } ]
fever
521b0317fd9034e4351f21e8dc4d2d65
Sam Worthington was born in 1876.
[ { "docid": "68074d92e7c38b88702e5bc986c4e002", "text": "Sam Worthington Samuel Henry John Worthington ( born 2 August 1976 ) is a British-born Australian actor . He played the main character role of Alex Mason in the Call of Duty : Black Ops series . He portrayed the protagonist Jake Sully in the 2009 film Avatar ; Marcus Wright in Terminator Salvation ; and Perseus in Clash of the Titans and its sequel , Wrath of the Titans ; before transitioning to more dramatic roles , in Everest ( 2015 ) and Hacksaw Ridge ( 2016 ) . In 2004 , Worthington received Australia 's highest film award for his lead role in Somersault . He performed predominantly in leading roles in a variety of low-budget films before moving to major studio films , ranging from romantic drama and comedy-drama to science fiction and action .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "0069714fc9ed482410279b2afa51f6d6", "text": "Judson Worthington Hastings Judson Worthington Hastings , born on June 13 , 1853 in Suffield , Connecticut and died in 1923 , was a physician and public official . He served various roles as a physician , trustee of a public library , town clerk , treasurer , tax collector , and a medical inspector of schools . Judson was a part of the Massachusetts Medical Society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f69aa2498da863b486fce1364607fce9", "text": "Sam Houston State University Sam Houston State University ( known as SHSU or Sam ) was founded in 1879 and is the third oldest public institution of higher learning in the State of Texas . It is located approximately 70 minutes north of downtown Houston , in Huntsville , Texas . It is one of the oldest purpose-built institutions for the instruction of teachers west of the Mississippi River and the first such institution of its type in Texas . The school is named for Sam Houston , who made his home in the city and is buried there . SHSU is a member of the Texas State University System and has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students across over 80 undergraduate , 59 masters ' , and 8 doctoral degree programs . The university also offers more than 20 online bachelor 's and graduate degrees , and its online programs are ranked high by U.S. News & World Report . It was the first institution classified as a Doctoral Research University by the Carnegie Commission on Higher Education within the Texas State University System , and while education continues to be the most popular major among students at the university , SHSU has nationally recognized programs in banking , performing arts , mathematics and criminal justice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b052bc56b779d1134acb7d175f44a55", "text": "1876 in the United Kingdom Events from the year 1876 in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2807b97568122a3eed8069c338db89f1", "text": "1876 in South Africa", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7638fe7e65e89a8e855f252136035dfb", "text": "Bishop Worthington Residence The Bishop Worthington Residence was built at 1240 South 10th Street in Omaha , Nebraska in 1885 . The personal home of Bishop George Worthington of the Episcopal Church , the Worthington Mansion was a place of high social and religious importance during the pioneer era of Omaha history . During its history , the mansion also served as the second Presbyterian Hospital and as the White House Apartments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b529395c30482d3a3b18cdb3ce44e65", "text": "Sam Rayburn House Museum The Sam Rayburn House Museum is located in the North Texas town of Bonham , in the county of Fannin , in the U.S. state of Texas . It was home to Sam Rayburn , a famously effective Speaker of the United States House of Representatives . The house was built in 1916 . All the furnishings are original and remain as they were when the Rayburns lived there . A historic smokehouse , barn , garage , and Rayburn 's 1947 Cadillac are also on site . It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976 . The Texas Historical Commission operates the home as a historic house museum , which contains numerous artifacts from Rayburn and his family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd3e88efa09378fd4b446a4385a0184e", "text": "Samuel Wilson (disambiguation) Samuel Wilson ( 1766 -- 1854 ) was an American meat packing baron alleged to be the original `` Uncle Sam '' . Samuel Wilson may also refer to : Samuel J. Wilson ( 1828 -- 1883 ) , Presbyterian academic and pastor Sir Samuel Wilson ( Portsmouth MP ) ( 1832 -- 1895 ) , Irish-Australian pastoralist and politician Sir Samuel Herbert Wilson ( 1873 -- 1950 ) , British colonial governor Samuel B. Wilson ( 1873 -- 1954 ) , American lawyer and judge from Minnesota Samuel Alexander Kinnier Wilson ( 1878 -- 1937 ) , British neurologist who first described Wilson 's disease in 1912 Samuel Davis Wilson ( 1881 -- 1939 ) , American mayor of Philadelphia Samuel V. Wilson ( born 1923 ) , United States Army , former Director DIA and intelligence guru Samuel Grayson Wilson ( born 1949 ) , U.S. federal judge Samuel Wilson ( footballer ) ( born 1983 ) , Nicaraguan footballer Samuel Wilson ( ice hockey ) ( born 1985 ) , Australian ice hockey player Samuel Franklin Wilson ( 1845 -- 1923 ) , American Confederate veteran , politician and judge Sammy Wilson ( footballer , born 1931 ) , Scottish footballer Sammy Wilson ( footballer , born 1937 ) , Northern Irish footballer Sammy Wilson ( politician ) ( born 1953 ) , Northern Irish politician Sam `` Snap '' Wilson , a fictional Marvel Comics superhero known as the Falcon", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cbb8835bce52ecdb6fe2469f837cedf", "text": "1876 in the United States Events from the year 1876 in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90ae5e73cb03f39265e39b4bad364211", "text": "Missouri gubernatorial election, 1876 The Missouri gubernatorial election of 1876 was Missouri 's nineteenth gubernatorial election . The election was held on November 7 , 1876 and resulted in a victory for the Democratic nominee , former Congressman ( and 1868 gubernatorial nominee ) John S. Phelps , over the Republican candidate , former Congressman Gustavus A. Finkelnburg , and Greenback nominee J. P. Alexander .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "852d4d42310e3e0d01330c5e6c654ad0", "text": "1875 New York Mutuals season The New York Mutuals baseball team finished sixth in the National Association in 1875 . The league folded after this season and the Mutuals joined the new National League in 1876 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c02b39c2d2d52f1c77b3221bfac15b4", "text": "Martin Worthington (academic) Martin Worthington is a British Academy Research Fellow in the Dept of Near and Middle East at SOAS , University of London , with his research focused on Babylonian poems from the first millennium BC . From 2006 to 2010 Worthington was a junior research fellow in Assyriology at St John 's College , Cambridge . In 2011 Worthington was awarded the Sir George Staunton Prize from the Royal Asiatic Society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "873d79aec68233754a28b81675c70efb", "text": "Fort Elliott Fort Elliott was a United States Army post in the Texas Panhandle , operational between 1875 and 1890 and named for Major Joel H. Elliott , a casualty of the Battle of Washita River in 1868 . The decision to establish Fort Elliott in what was to become Wheeler County , Texas , was made in December 1874 by Colonel Nelson A. Miles as an advance supply post during the campaign to clear the Texas Panhandle of American Indians after the Second Battle of Adobe Walls in 1874 . Major James Biddle established a temporary post on 3 February 1875 with four troops of the 6th US Cavalry and four companies of the 5th Infantry and the permanent location of the fort on 5 June 1875 , twenty-seven miles west of Indian Territory near the headwaters of Sweetwater Creek . African-American troops , familiarly called `` Buffalo soldiers , '' served in this area . In subsequent years , the fort was garrisoned to protect the borders of the Panhandle with Indian Territory , and the cattle drives from Texas to Kansas . The town of Mobeetie in Wheeler County , where Timothy Dwight Hobart and Temple Lea Houston were early settlers , grew beside it . Among the troops serving there were Lieutenant Henry O. Flipper , the first black graduate of West Point Military Academy , Captain Emerson H. Liscum and Lieutenant Frederick Dent Grant . Fort Elliott had a dual purpose : ( 1 ) It quieted the Indians on the reservation while the slaughter of the bison continued , ( 2 ) It encouraged Anglo-Americans to settle beyond the 100th meridian . As soon as the fort was established , the cattle industry expanded throughout northwest Texas . Ranches were established on the open range between 1876 , with the JA Ranch , and 1886 , with the fencing of the XIT Ranch . Fort Elliott was situated on a high elevation of Sweetwater Creek , with the front of the shoe facing the southwest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85ea018fcfdd325493cfca71d20461e5", "text": "United States presidential election in New Hampshire, 1876 The 1876 United States presidential election in New Hampshire took place on November 7 , 1876 , as part of the 1876 United States presidential election . Voters chose 5 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . New Hampshire voted for the Republican nominee , Rutherford B. Hayes , over the Democratic nominee , Samuel J. Tilden . Hayes won the state by a narrow margin of 3.78 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f0107a326f5dd104c8554019810f83b", "text": "Thompsonville, Kansas Thompsonville is an unincorporated community in Jefferson County , Kansas , United States . It was established in 1851 by a group of Mormon settlers who refused to follow the main group led by Brigham Young into the Salt Lake Valley of Utah . Among those settlers was Emily Trask Cutler , one of the plural wives of Heber C. Kimball , counselor to Young and daughter of John Alpheus Cutler , who founded the Cutlerite sect at Manti , Iowa while en route with the main body to the Salt Lake Valley . While there is no evidence that the founding group of the settlement had doctrinal differences with the main body of the church or were affiliated with the Cutlerite church , it is possible that they were opposed to the doctrine of polygamy inasmuch as Emily Cutler Kimball did not accompany the main group . It is equally likely that the group saw no need to go so far west when new frontier lands were open and available in the Kansas Territory and were actively recruiting new settlers from anti-slavery parts of the country . However , the Mormon settlement did not last . Emily Cutler Kimball died not long after the settlement was established and is buried there . Two other Mormon women died there also , and until the mid-1960s the stones were still evident . Some of the settlers moved to Utah within the next two to five years as violence from the chaos of Bleeding Kansas intensified , while others may have given up their Mormon identity and blended in with the local populace . The town was renamed Thompsonville in 1865 by C. L. Thompson , who erected a mill on the site of the old Mormon settlement of 1851 . A post office was established in 1878 with C. T. Tolles as postmaster . The community is located on the Delaware River , about 11 miles ( 17 1/2 km ) southwest of Oskaloosa , the county seat , and 3 miles ( 5 km ) northwest of Perry . It occupies a tiny portion of Section 8 of Kentucky Township ( T11S R18E ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5940fec62e486a3d40c8d054639e791", "text": "Thomas Worthington (Douai) Thomas Worthington , D.D. ( 1549 at Blainscough Hall , near Wigan , Lancashire -- 1627 at Biddulph Hall , Staffordshire ) was an English Catholic priest and third President of Douai College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f97bfa755f938bd9cb08f3fd3bf21d1", "text": "William J. Worth William Jenkins Worth ( March 1 , 1794 -- May 7 , 1849 ) was a United States officer during the War of 1812 , Second Seminole War , and Mexican-American War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "534200913c640631cf4048f9b013cfb1", "text": "Nigel Worthington Nigel Worthington ( born 4 November 1961 ) is a Northern Irish former professional footballer who was most recently the manager of York City . He played a defender and a midfielder , playing his club football for Ballymena United , Notts County , Sheffield Wednesday , Leeds United , Stoke City and Blackpool . With Sheffield Wednesday he won the League Cup in 1991 . As an international player , he was capped 66 times for Northern Ireland , and appeared for them at the 1986 FIFA World Cup . Worthington began his managerial career as player-manager of Blackpool in 1997 before he took over as manager of Norwich City in 2000 . He guided Norwich into the Premier League in the 2003 -- 04 season as First Division title winners . He left just over two years afterwards , having failed to keep them in the top-flight in 2005 . He was briefly caretaker manager of Leicester City in 2007 prior to starting as manager of Northern Ireland , from which he stepped down in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecba8a17b4af4ab50ffed8c4cd660a5d", "text": "Seattle Weekly The Seattle Weekly is a freely distributed newspaper in Seattle , Washington , United States . It was founded by Darrell Oldham and David Brewster as The Weekly . Its first issue was published on March 31 , 1976 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf8ca8f2c34ab1882f8ded3e390c0c70", "text": "Uncle Sam (diamond) Uncle Sam is the nickname for the largest diamond ever discovered in the United States . It was found in 1924 in Murfreesboro , Arkansas at the Prairie Creek pipe mine , which later became known as the Crater of Diamonds State Park . The diamond was named `` Uncle Sam '' after the nickname of its finder , Wesley Oley Basham , a worker at the Arkansas Diamond Corporation . The rough diamond as originally discovered weighed 40.23 carats ( 8.046 g ) . It was faceted twice by Schenck & Van Haelen of New York , a company which specialized in Arkansas diamonds , handling over 14,000 . The company described those diamonds as being so hard that they could only be cut using powder of other Arkansas diamonds . The final result was a 12.42-carat ( 2.484 g ) emerald-cut gem . It was characterized as M on the diamond color scale ; this nominally corresponds to a faint yellow color , but the visual impression of Uncle Sam has been variously described as white or slight pink . Judging from the color , the diamond is most likely of pure IIa diamond type meaning the amount of impurities it has is below a few parts per million . The clarity of the stone was assessed as VVS1 , which stands for Very Very Slightly Included and means the stone has minute non-diamond inclusions that are difficult for a skilled grader to see under 10x magnification . The diamond was owned by the Peikin Jewelers of Fifth Avenue , New York . It was lent by Peikin to the American Museum of Natural History for temporary display and storage . In 1971 it was acquired by a Boston dealer , Sidney de Young , and sold for $ 150,000 to an anonymous private collector . The discovery of Uncle Sam arguably rescued the Arkansas Diamond Corporation , which had a debt over US$ 276,470 by that time and was going to be shut down in the winter of 1924 . The number of diamonds found on the surface was decreasing , and the cost of digging operations was estimated as higher than the expected diamond recovery . Not that the value of the diamond was sufficient to cover the debts , but the discovery lifted the spirits enough to keep the surface operations . Currently , the Crater of Diamonds State Park in Arkansas is the only public diamond mine in the world . Over 75,000 diamonds have been found here since the opening of the park in 1906 . The place where Uncle Sam was discovered is marked , and many additional diamonds have been found there .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c423c0c34b2456594782d6b197fa0a9", "text": "Donington School F.C. Donington School F.C. was an English football club , based in Donington , Lincolnshire . The club represented the Donington Grammar School , and entered in the first ever FA Cup in 1871 -- 72 but did not compete in a match . The idea of entering a team into the 1871 -- 72 FA Cup was supposedly concocted as a way of increasing the pupils ' physical fitness . Having been drawn against Queen 's Park of Glasgow in the first round , the two teams could not agree on a date for the match , and both were allowed to progress . However , the two teams were again drawn together in round two , and in this instance Donington School withdrew , rather than face the cost ( around # 2 per student ) and time of the trip to Scotland . The club did not enter the FA Cup again and in 1949 the school was renamed the Thomas Cowley School . A team of ex-pupils played an exhibition match in Glasgow against Queen 's Park in May 1972 , as part of the Football Association 's centenary celebarations . The match was won 6 -- 0 by Queen 's Park .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7247cd60fac97ced0accfac826fd3d4b
Ron Perlman was born in 1950 as Ronald N. Perlman.
[ { "docid": "72511b307122a402fe9a84a9229f6fec", "text": "Ron Perlman Ronald N. Perlman ( born April 13 , 1950 ) is an American actor and voice actor . He is best known for his roles as Clay Morrow on the television series Sons of Anarchy , Vincent on the television series Beauty and the Beast ( for which he won a Golden Globe Award ) , and as the comic book character Hellboy in both Hellboy ( 2004 ) and its sequel Hellboy II : The Golden Army ( 2008 ) . Perlman is also well known as a frequent collaborator of Hellboy director Guillermo del Toro , also having roles in his films Cronos , Blade II and Pacific Rim . He is also known for his voice-over work as the narrator of the post-apocalyptic game series Fallout , Clayface on Batman : The Animated Series , Slade on the animated series Teen Titans , The Lich in Adventure Time , The Stabbington Brothers in Disney 's animated film Tangled , and as the narrator of the television series 1000 Ways to Die .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b72d24db6e3ee47f5a0087950d3e8ce5", "text": "Ron Taylor (actor) Ronald James `` Ron '' Taylor ( October 16 , 1952 -- January 16 , 2002 ) was an American actor , singer and writer . He grew up in Galveston , Texas and later moved to New York City to attend the American Academy of Dramatic Arts . After graduating , Taylor began working in musical theater , appearing in The Wiz ( 1977 ) , before getting his break with the 1982 off-Broadway production Little Shop of Horrors . Taylor voiced the killer plant Audrey II in the show , which ran for five years and over 2,000 performances . Taylor created and starred in the musical revue It Ai n't Nothin ' But the Blues , which charted the history of blues music from its African origin to American success . Originally performed at high schools in Denver as a 45-minute piece , the revue was expanded to two hours , played around the country and opened on Broadway in 1999 . It was met with critical acclaim , ran for eight months , and saw Taylor receive two Tony Award nominations . He also had numerous television roles , appearing in The Simpsons , Twin Peaks , Ally McBeal and L.A. Law . His performance in the latter , as a singer who performed the American national anthem `` The Star-Spangled Banner '' at baseball games , led him to perform the anthem at several real-life sporting events . Taylor was married and had one son . He died in January 2002 after suffering a heart attack .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "142e1302de2f6c7387e955e19f247bda", "text": "Rob Stoner Robert David Rothstein ( April 20 , 1948 , Manhattan , New York City , NY ) , better known as Rob Stoner , is an American multi-instrumental musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d51ad8772c24c7ef6651b3301b23f171", "text": "Perceptrons (book) Perceptrons : an introduction to computational geometry is a book written by Marvin Minsky and Seymour Papert and published in 1969 . An edition with handwritten corrections and additions was released in the early 1970s . An expanded edition was further published in 1987 , containing a chapter dedicated to counter the criticisms made of it in the 1980s . The main subject of the book is the perceptron , an important kind of artificial neural network developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s . The main researcher on perceptrons was Frank Rosenblatt , author of the book Principles of Neurodynamics . Rosenblatt and Minsky knew each other since adolescence , having studied with a one-year difference at the Bronx High School of Science . They became at one point central figures of a debate inside the AI research community , and are known to have promoted loud discussions in conferences . Despite the dispute , the corrected version of the book published after Rosenblatt 's death contains a dedication to him . This book is the center of a long-standing controversy in the study of artificial intelligence . It is claimed that pessimistic predictions made by the authors were responsible for an erroneous change in the direction of research in AI , concentrating efforts on so-called `` symbolic '' systems , and contributing to the so-called AI winter . This decision , supposedly , proved to be unfortunate in the 1980s , when new discoveries showed that the prognostics in the book were wrong . The book contains a number of mathematical proofs regarding perceptrons , and while it highlights some of perceptrons ' strengths , it also shows some previously unknown limitations . The most important one is related to the computation of some predicates , as the XOR function , and also the important connectedness predicate . The problem of connectedness is illustrated at the awkwardly colored cover of the book , intended to show how humans themselves have difficulties in computing this predicate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2afe00faca460f1f9cb416c5b93c005", "text": "Ronald Rand Ronald Rand is an American stage and film actor , educator , director , playwright , producer , and newspaper publisher . A U.S. Cultural Goodwill Ambassador , Rand has performed his one-man show , `` Let It Be Art ! '' as Harold Clurman since 2001 in 23 countries and 20 states.Founder and Publisher of the newspaper , The Soul of the American Actor , he is also the author of Acting Teachers of America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29c2397b7226b548c27b6f83160e16e0", "text": "Jerome Karabel Jerome Bernard Karabel ( born 1950 ) is an American sociologist , political and social commentator , and Professor of Sociology at the University of California at Berkeley . He has written extensively on American institutions of higher education and on various aspects of social policy and history in the United States , often from a comparative perspective . Karabel is the author of The Chosen : The Hidden History of Admission and Exclusion at Harvard , Yale , and Princeton ( 2005 ) , which received the Distinguished Scholarly Book Award from the American Sociological Association . He is also co-author ( with Steven Brint ) of The Diverted Dream : Community Colleges and the Promise of Educational Opportunity in America , 1900-1985 ( 1989 ) , which received the Outstanding Book Award from the American Educational Research Association . His research in the sociology of education explores notions of meritocracy , opportunity , access , and cultural capital in American higher education , and the role of the educational system in legitimating the existing social order . In The Chosen , Karabel chronicles the admissions policies of Harvard , Yale , and Princeton over the course of the twentieth century , describing how new admissions criteria -- including letters of recommendation , athletic and extracurricular achievements , and interviews , in addition to a student 's academic credentials -- were first introduced in the 1920s in an effort to limit the number of Jewish students . Such starkly redefined measures of `` merit '' were institutionalized at these and other elite institutions over time , even as these schools later adapted such admission policies in response to growing demands for greater democratization and diversity during the mid and latter half of the twentieth century . Karabel 's articles have been published in the American Sociological Review , Harvard Education Review , Theory and Society , Social Forces , and Politics and Society among others . He is also a contributor to publications such as The New York Times , The Huffington Post , The New York Review of Books , The Nation , The Los Angeles Times , and Le Monde Diplomatique . Karabel holds a BA ( 1972 ) and Ph.D. ( 1977 ) from Harvard University , and also conducted postgraduate studies at Nuffield College at Oxford University in England and at the Ecole des Hautes Etudes in Paris , France . He has been a recipient of grants from the National Science Foundation , the National Institute of Education , and the Ford Foundation . In 2009-2010 , Karabel was a Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington DC , where he was working on a project entitled `` American Exceptionalism , Social Well-Being , and the Quality of Life in the United States . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "979996be2f024a91371a2151f585949f", "text": "The Colgate Sports Newsreel The Colgate Sports Newsreel was a radio program focusing on sports . It has been called `` one of the most successful and most listened-to shows in radio history '' and `` one of radio broadcasting 's most entertaining and engaging programs . '' However , much of the information reported as fact was actually fiction . The program was first broadcast in October 1939 , on NBC Blue . Although Colgate dropped its sponsorship in June 1951 , the show continued on NBC as Bill Stern 's Sports Newsreel through September 1953 . It then switched to ABC , where it ran until June 1956 . During World War II , the Newsreel was among the programs that NBC rebroadcast by transcription to members of the United States armed forces stationed abroad . Bill Stern , the star , made the program memorable with his enthusiastic , dramatized delivery . He was already both the narrator of MGM 's News of the Day newsreels , and a sports announcer . Thus , the format of this program came naturally . For most of its run , the show was sponsored by Colgate brushless shave cream . The opening theme `` was sung in barbershop quartet style to the tune of Mademoiselle from Armentieres '' and mentioned the sponsoring product prominently . Although the singing group was not named in the program , a news brief announcing the show 's launch in 1939 identified it as the Armchair Quartette . The theme 's lyrics varied a bit over the years , but the basic form was as follows : Bill Stern the Colgate shave-cream man is on the air . Bill Stern the Colgate shave-cream man with stories rare . Take his advice and you 'll look keen . You 'll get a shave that 's smooth and clean . You 'll be a Colgate brushless fan . From September 14 , 1953 , through December 10 , 1954 , Budweiser sponsored the program . Its final sponsor was Allstate , from December 13 , 1954 through June 22 , 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf30caeee151e95c62798a93683d3acd", "text": "We begin bombing in five minutes On August 11 , 1984 , United States President Ronald Reagan , while running for re-election , was preparing to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio . During a sound check before the address , Reagan made the following joke to the radio technicians : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you today that I 've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever . We begin bombing in five minutes . '' The joke was a parody of the opening line of that day 's speech : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they 've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours , just as other student groups are allowed to do . '' Contrary to popular misconception , this microphone gaffe was not broadcast over the air , but rather leaked later to the general populace . But the Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun reported in October 1984 that the Soviet Far East Army was placed on alert after word of the statement got out and that the alert was not withdrawn until 30 minutes later . An unnamed aide to US Representative Michael Barnes ( D-Md . ) confirmed that the Pentagon was aware of the alert . There was no report of any change in the DEFCON level for the United States . The Soviet reaction , and mild confusion it created , was covered by NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw . This was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address . The Soviet official news agency , TASS , condemned the joke , declaring that `` The USSR condemns this unprecedented and hostile attack by the US President '' and that `` this kind of behavior is incompatible with the great responsibility borne by heads of nuclear states for the destinies of their own people and mankind '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "206df4afc00ca2d00cde88b10e5ed4b4", "text": "Robert Edward Webster Robert Edward Webster ( October 23 , 1928-November 11 , 1999 ) was an American technician of the Cleveland , Ohio-based Rand Development , who defected to the Soviet Union in 1959 and returned to the United States in 1962 . Webster was born in Tiffin , Ohio and educated in Pennsylvania . He served in the United States Navy during World War II . Webster applied to Rand Development in November 1957 to work as a plastics chemist . In 1959 Webster travelled several times to Moscow for Rand to prepare for the American Exhibition there . During a seven-week stay beginning in May 1959 , Webster began dating a waitress at the Hotel Ukraine , who was suspected of being a KGB agent . On July 11 , 1959 Webster approached Soviet officials at the exhibition to ask about procedures for a US citizen to remain in the Soviet Union . After several further meetings , including one in which Webster told two Soviet scientists he could help them duplicate the Rand spray gun on show in the exhibition , he was accepted by the Soviets , although posted to work in Leningrad rather than Moscow as he had asked . On October 17 he attended the US Embassy in Moscow ( having already sent a postcard ) , meeting with Richard Edward Snyder . He filled in a `` Affidavit for Expatriated Person '' form and wrote a resignation letter to Rand . He had left his wife and two children behind . On January 27 , 1960 Webster received a letter from his father stating that his mother had had a nervous breakdown and that he had assumed financial support for Webster 's children . Webster then decided to return to the United States , asking the US Embassy in Moscow in May 1960 how to do so . He was told to apply for a Soviet exit visa , which he did , but was turned down , and that he could not reapply for a year . Reapplying a year later , he was granted an exit visa in February 1962 , and returned to the United States on 20 May , classified as an alien . He left behind his Soviet girlfriend and the daughter he had with her . On his return , James H. Rand , III , President of Rand Development , said he `` felt a responsibility '' for Webster and would help him to secure employment ( though not at Rand ) . Webster died in Fall River , Massachusetts on November 11 , 1999 . He is buried at the Pine Grove Cemetery in New Bedford , Massachusetts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93acd151d44d7e51ce7acd9f5d23e30d", "text": "Alan Greenberg (film director) Alan Greenberg ( born October 14 , 1950 in New York City , died January 27 , 2015 in Portland , OR ) was an American film director , screenwriter , photographer and author . Greenberg visited Jamaica from a young age , and was a friend of Bob Marley . Following Marley 's death , Marley 's family asked Greenberg to make a film about Marley . In 1981 , Greenberg filmed Land of Look Behind ( 1982 ) , a documentary film that includes footage of Marley 's funeral as well as scenes filmed in Jamaica 's remote Cockpit Country and the capital city of Kingston . The film ended up being more of a visionary portrait of the Jamaica of that period ( focusing on the Rastafari movement and reggae culture ) than a film primarily about Marley . The film has won considerable critical acclaim , as well as winning the Gold Hugo Award for Best Documentary in the Chicago International Film Festival , the U.S. 's largest film competition . Land of Look Behind has also been honored as the best American documentary film of its era , and the legendary filmmaker Werner Herzog says '' ` Land of Look Behind ' has achieved things never seen before in cinema . '' Greenberg worked closely with Werner Herzog on many projects . He served as a special unit photographer on the films Cape Fear '' by Martin Scorsese ( 1991 ) and 1900 , by Bernardo Bertolucci ( 1976 ) . He also wrote twenty screenplays and three books . His book Heart of Glass , about the making of the 1976 Werner Herzog masterwork of the same name , was called `` The best book on the making of a film ever written '' by Rolling Stone magazine . A new and entirely revised edition of the book , entitled , `` EVERY NIGHT THE TREES DISAPPEAR : Werner Herzog and the Making of ` Heart of Glass ' '' was published in hard cover by the Chicago Review Press . It featured Greenberg 's previously-unpublished photographs , which Herzog called `` strange and beautiful . '' '' In 2012 Greenberg was going to write and produce a film based on his acclaimed screenplay `` Love in Vain '' , a poetic account of the mysterious blues genius Robert Johnson . `` Love in Vain '' was also the first screenplay ever published by a major house ( Doubleday ) as literature . Greenberg 's latest screenplay , `` Tutankhamun - Lord of Two Lands '' , a radically researched vision of the Boy King 's murder intertwined with the intrigue surrounding his tomb 's discovery in 1922 , was to have been produced in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efd119bfbae2b4ffb7bb5a2b233c465b", "text": "Nachman Bulman Nachman Bulman ( 1925-2002 ) was an American rabbi associated with Orthodox Judaism . He was born to Rabbi Meir and Etil Bulman after a blessing from the Rebbe of Ger , Rabbi Avraham Mordechai Alter . He grew up on the Lower East Side , Manhattan , and was , for a brief period , part of the circle of the Rebbe of Modzitz , remaining close to the Rebbe until the latter 's death . He studied at Rabbi Isaac Elchanan Theological Seminary ( RIETS ) , where obtained his semicha ( `` rabbinical ordination '' ) . Turning down offers from various communities because of inadequate standards , he eventually accepted a position in Danville , Virginia , which had a small Jewish community that he served for three years . Subsequently he served as a synagogue rabbi and Jewish educator in number of cities in the United States for most of his life . In 1975 , he moved to Israel and served as rabbi in Migdal HaEmek starting in 1979 . During the last few years of his life he served as rabbi of the Nachliel Synagogue in Neve Yaakov , Jerusalem , where he resided at the time of his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe", "text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f2987e754ce1cc14906e8add7599105", "text": "Ron Fassler Ron Fassler ( born March 4 , 1957 in New York City ) is an American film and television actor . He is best known for his role as Bryan Grazer , the LAPD captain in the Fox Network cult science fiction TV series Alien Nation . The series was canceled after a short run , but Fox brought it back in 1994 in a series of five TV movies . Fassler reprised his role as Captain Grazer in Alien Nation : Dark Horizon ( 1994 ) , Alien Nation : Body and Soul ( 1995 ) , Alien Nation : Millennium ( 1996 ) , Alien Nation : The Enemy Within ( 1996 ) , and Alien Nation : The Udara Legacy ( 1997 ) . His first TV role was in the 1981 TV movie Senior Trip , which also starred `` Alien Nation '' co-star Jeff Marcus . Seen as Ted Koppel in 2009 ` sWatchmen , Fassler 's first feature film appearance was in the 1990 comedy move Gremlins 2 : The New Batch ( 1990 ) . Other recent films include Charlie Wilson 's War ( 2008 ) , Hancock ( 2008 ) , Walk Hard : The Dewey Cox Story ( 2007 ) , For Your Consideration ( 2006 ) and Flags of Our Fathers ( 2006 ) . Fassler has made many guest appearances on TV shows ranging from NYPD Blue to The Facts of Life , Matlock , 7th Heaven and Star Trek : Voyager , along with recurring roles on Sisters and the recent critically acclaimed Side Order of Life . He even did multiple episodes of The Young and the Restless as Justin Johns . As a writer , Fassler co-wrote the Lifetime TV movie , How I Married My High School Crush ( 2007 ) and also wrote for the sitcom Murphy Brown . More recently , Fassler had a recurring role on the Disney XD sitcom Zeke and Luther where he played reporter Dale Davis . This role has also carried over to other Disney XD sitcoms including Kickin ' It and Pair of Kings . Fassler also appeared in the 2015 movie Trumbo . In recent years , Fassler has been directing shows at Priscilla Beach Theatre . A memoir , `` Up in the Cheap Seats '' which chronicles Fassler 's years as a teenage theatregoer , and includes interviews with more than 100 Broadway theatre artists , will be published in the fall of 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8", "text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdf6d7154c2c38f07a1ec2f682700ad0", "text": "Ron Kenoly Ron Kenoly ( born December 6 , 1944 ) is an American Christian worship leader , singer , and songwriter whose expressed mission is `` to create an environment for the manifest presence of God '' . His musical style is one of jubilant praise and individual excellence on musical instruments . Although Kenoly himself only plays on one of his recordings , he leads comfortably with his voice and is always backed up by musicians and a large choir . He holds several degrees , including a music degree from Alameda College , a Master of Divinity from Faith Bible College , and a Doctorate of Ministry in Sacred music from Friends International Christian University . His music career began following time spent in the United States Air Force . He was originally with a group called The Mellow Fellows , but family issues caused him to leave the group . His critical success came in 1992 when Lift Him Up became the fastest selling worship album to that point . Welcome Home produced by Tom Brooks was also critically acclaimed , becoming Billboard 's `` Top Indie Contemporary Christian music album '' , and winning a Gospel Music Association Dove Award for `` Praise and Worship Album '' in 1997 . He was signed to Integrity Music , but is no longer recording for them . He began working in full-time ministry in 1985 . He started out as a worship leader at Jubilee Christian Center in San Jose , California . Not long after that , in 1987 , he was ordained and installed as Music Pastor . As worship leader , his sole focus was leading worship service . When he became Music Pastor , he became the shepherd over the entire music department at Jubilee Christian Center . In 1993 , after the success of 2 Integrity recordings , he started receiving invitations from all over the world . Churches not only wanted him to come lead praise and worship , but also to help them develop their music departments . So shortly afterwards , he was named Ambassador of Music at Jubilee Christian Center . He was sent out from the church as an ambassador to the world to help churches develop and find the balance between worship and the Word . In 1996 , he received his Doctorate in Ministry of Sacred Music . In 1999 , he felt the call to move from California to the East Coast . So , he relocated the ministry to Central Florida where he continues to travel , speak , sing and teach and record . He sings over all the world . Kenoly has also written a few books , one of them written with his pastor , Dick Bernal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "512ef229ce2a4c6003030c5d475d442c", "text": "Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin ( Iļja Baskins , Илья́ За́лманович Ба́скин born 11 August 1950 ) , known as Elya Baskin , is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc0b57512da34508f0827b5779eb62c9", "text": "Sounds of the 20th Century Sounds of the 20th Century is a BBC Radio 2 documentary series originally broadcast in the UK between April 2011 and April 2012 . Each 60-minute programme is dedicated to one year from 1951 to 2000 and features a montage of audio relating to that year . Featuring nothing that was n't heard , seen or read at the time , other than brief introduction to each episode by Jeremy Vine , the series does not feature any explanations , reminiscenses or reflections upon the clips . Instead , the series ' website provided a list and description of the audio items , which was also supplied in real time by the show 's Twitter feed . It is described as an ` audio journey through five decades of triumph , tragedy and trivia . ' The first part of the series was first broadcast at 10pm on Thursday 7 April . Focussing upon 1951 , it featured the real King 's Speech ( as he opens the Festival of Britain ) , a General Election victory for the Conservatives and their Liberal allies , the first hit single with multi-tracking ( Les Paul 's `` How High The Moon '' ) , the first rock 'n' roll record ( Jackie Brentson 's `` Rocket 88 '' ) , screen heroes from Marlon Brando to The Lone Ranger . The series was produced by Trevor Dann 's Company , and there is a series blog available at sottc.wordpress.com . The critical reception was generally positive . Comparing the show to BBC One 's The Rock 'n' Roll Years , The Independents Chris Maume asked if `` commissioning Sounds of the 20th Century -LSB- was -RSB- the first thing the 6 Music/Radio 2 controller Bob Shennan has got right in his short but deeply unsatisfactory tenure ? '' . More critically , The Guardians Elisabeth Mahoney identified parallels between the archive clips and the contemporary world , but was frustrated at the lack of a narrative , arguing that `` the jaunty mix is frustratingly hard-going . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "584c8f32245614996b595d73c3fd8417", "text": "Michael Shulman (mathematician) Michael `` Mike '' Shulman ( -LSB- ˈʃuːlmən -RSB- born 1980 ) is an American mathematician at the University of San Diego who works in category theory and higher category theory , homotopy theory , logic as applied to set theory , and computer science . He did his undergraduate work at the California Institute of Technology and his postgraduate work at the University of Cambridge and the University of Chicago , where he received his Ph.D. in 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "594bb9fddba946dd83ea436ea2a581d7", "text": "Federal Records Act The Federal Records Act of 1950 is a United States federal law enacted in 1950 . It provides the legal framework for federal records management , including record creation , maintenance , and disposition . The Federal Records Act came following the recommendations of the Hoover Commission ( 1947-49 ) . The act , and its related regulations , require each federal agency to establish an ongoing program for records management and to cooperate with the National Archives and Records Administration ( NARA ) . A 1985 NARA pamphlet describes the Federal Records Act as the `` basis for the Federal Government 's policies and procedures for creating , maintaining , and disposing of Federal records . The act and its related regulations define Federal records , mandate the creation and preservation of those records necessary to document Federal activities , establish Government ownership of records , and provide the exclusive legal procedures for the disposition of records . '' The Second Hoover Commission ( 1953-55 ) addressed paperwork management and recommended the adoption of program relating to `` directives management , reports management , paperwork quality control , and clerical work measurement . '' As a result , the first Guide to Record Retention Requirements was published in 1955 ; the guide is updated annually and is used by archivists and other record managers both in and out of government . The Federal Records Act was amended over time . Amendments in 1976 emphasized paperwork reduction and information lifecycle management . The Paperwork Reduction Act of 1980 , which followed the issuance of the report of the Commission on Federal Paperwork in 1977 , introduced information resources management and gave responsibility to the Office of Management and Budget for creating federal information policy standards . In November 2014 , the Presidential and Federal Records Act Amendments of 2014 was signed into law by President Barack Obama . This bipartisan act , which followed the 2011 President 's Memorandum on Managing Government Records , modernizes the Federal Records Act . The act expressly expands the definition of federal records to include electronic records ( the first change to the definition of `` Federal record '' since the enactment of the act in 1950 ) . The act also grants the Archivist of the United States the final determination as to what constitutes a Federal record ; `` authorizes the early transfer of permanent electronic federal and presidential records to the National Archives , while legal custody remains with the agency or the president '' ; `` clarifies the responsibilities of federal government officials when using non-government email systems '' ; and `` empowers the National Archives to safeguard original and classified records from unauthorized removal . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532e86792e6238411b4533d36f49d6cb", "text": "1950s The 1950s ( pronounced nineteen-fifties ; commonly abbreviated as the 50s or Fifties ) was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1 , 1950 , and ended on December 31 , 1959 . By its end , the world had largely recovered from World War II and the Cold War developed from its modest beginning in the late-1940s to a hot competition between the United States and the Soviet Union by the early-1960s . Clashes between communism and capitalism dominated the decade , especially in the Northern Hemisphere . The conflicts included the Korean War in the beginnings of the decade and the beginning of the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1 . Along with increased testing of nuclear weapons ( such as RDS-37 and Upshot -- Knothole ) , this created a politically conservative climate . In the United States , the Second Red Scare caused Congressional hearings by both houses in Congress and anti-communism was the prevailing sentiment in the United States throughout the decade . The beginning of decolonization in Africa and Asia took place in this decade and accelerated in the following decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bfcac9936ffd8f5bc410d875640840c", "text": "Nathan D. Perlman Nathan David Perlman ( August 2 , 1887 -- June 29 , 1952 ) was an American lawyer and politician from New York .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8e1421e314093ed6b6ce9ae8fcc7d580
The United States used nuclear weapons in warfare.
[ { "docid": "64b2d5472ff53b8ccf519c4471ea7a0a", "text": "United States The United States of America ( USA ) , commonly known as the United States ( U.S. ) or America , is a constitutional federal republic composed of 50 states , a federal district , five major self-governing territories , and various possessions . Forty-eight of the fifty states and the federal district are contiguous and located in North America between Canada and Mexico . The state of Alaska is in the northwest corner of North America , bordered by Canada to the east and across the Bering Strait from Russia to the west . The state of Hawaii is an archipelago in the mid-Pacific Ocean . The U.S. territories are scattered about the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea . Nine time zones are covered . The geography , climate and wildlife of the country are extremely diverse . At 3.8 million square miles ( 9.8 million km2 ) and with over 324 million people , the United States is the world 's third - or fourth-largest country by total area , third-largest by land area , and the third-most populous . It is one of the world 's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations , and is home to the world 's largest immigrant population . The capital is Washington , D.C. , and the largest city is New York City ; nine other major metropolitan areas -- each with at least 4.5 million inhabitants and the largest having more than 13 million people -- are Los Angeles , Chicago , Dallas , Houston , Philadelphia , Miami , Atlanta , Boston , and San Francisco . Paleo-Indians migrated from Asia to the North American mainland at least 15,000 years ago . European colonization began in the 16th century . The United States emerged from 13 British colonies along the East Coast . Numerous disputes between Great Britain and the colonies following the Seven Years ' War led to the American Revolution , which began in 1775 . On July 4 , 1776 , during the course of the American Revolutionary War , the colonies unanimously adopted the Declaration of Independence . The war ended in 1783 with recognition of the independence of the United States by Great Britain , representing the first successful war of independence against a European power . The current constitution was adopted in 1788 , after the Articles of Confederation , adopted in 1781 , were felt to have provided inadequate federal powers . The first ten amendments , collectively named the Bill of Rights , were ratified in 1791 and designed to guarantee many fundamental civil liberties . The United States embarked on a vigorous expansion across North America throughout the 19th century , displacing Native American tribes , acquiring new territories , and gradually admitting new states until it spanned the continent by 1848 . During the second half of the 19th century , the American Civil War led to the end of legal slavery in the country . By the end of that century , the United States extended into the Pacific Ocean , and its economy , driven in large part by the Industrial Revolution , began to soar . The Spanish -- American War and confirmed the country 's status as a global military power . The United States emerged from as a global superpower , the first country to develop nuclear weapons , the only country to use them in warfare , and a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council . The end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 left the United States as the world 's sole superpower . The U.S. is a founding member of the United Nations , World Bank , International Monetary Fund , Organization of American States ( OAS ) , and other international organizations . The United States is a highly developed country , with the world 's largest economy by nominal GDP and second-largest economy by PPP . Though its population is only 4.3 % of the world total , Americans hold nearly 40 % of the total wealth in the world . The United States ranks among the highest in several measures of socioeconomic performance , including average wage , human development , per capita GDP , and productivity per person . While the U.S. economy is considered post-industrial , characterized by the dominance of services and knowledge economy , the manufacturing sector remains the second-largest in the world . Accounting for approximately a quarter of global GDP and a third of global military spending , the United States is the world 's foremost economic and military power . The United States is a prominent political and cultural force internationally , and a leader in scientific research and technological innovations .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "f6fb9a9afb4e3ed53a8cc9b71628963c", "text": "Surrender of Japan The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2 , 1945 , bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close . By the end of July 1945 , the Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent . Together with the British Empire and China , the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26 , 1945 -- the alternative being `` prompt and utter destruction '' . While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter end , Japan 's leaders ( the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War , also known as the `` Big Six '' ) were privately making entreaties to the still-neutral Soviet Union to mediate peace on terms more favorable to the Japanese . Meanwhile , the Soviets were preparing to attack Japanese forces in Manchuria and Korea ( in addition to South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands ) in fulfillment of promises they had secretly made to the United States and the United Kingdom at the Tehran and Yalta Conferences . On August 6 , 1945 , at 8:15 AM local time , the United States detonated an atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima . Sixteen hours later , American President Harry S. Truman called again for Japan 's surrender , warning them to `` expect a rain of ruin from the air , the like of which has never been seen on this earth . '' Late in the evening of August 8 , 1945 , in accordance with the Yalta agreements , but in violation of the Soviet -- Japanese Neutrality Pact , the Soviet Union declared war on Japan , and soon after midnight on August 9 , 1945 , the Soviet Union invaded the Imperial Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo . Later in the day , the United States dropped a second atomic bomb , this time on the Japanese city of Nagasaki . Following these events , Emperor Hirohito intervened and ordered the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War to accept the terms the Allies had set down in the Potsdam Declaration for ending the war . After several more days of behind-the-scenes negotiations and a failed coup d'état , Emperor Hirohito gave a recorded radio address across the Empire on August 15 . In the radio address , called the , he announced the surrender of Japan to the Allies . On August 28 , the occupation of Japan by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers began . The surrender ceremony was held on September 2 , aboard the United States Navy battleship , at which officials from the Japanese government signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender , thereby ending the hostilities . Allied civilians and military personnel alike celebrated V-J Day , the end of the war ; however , some isolated soldiers and personnel from Imperial Japan 's far-flung forces throughout Asia and the Pacific islands refused to surrender for months and years afterwards , some even refusing into the 1970s . The role of the atomic bombings in Japan 's unconditional surrender , and the ethics of the two attacks , is still debated . The state of war formally ended when the Treaty of San Francisco came into force on April 28 , 1952 . Four more years passed before Japan and the Soviet Union signed the Soviet -- Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 , which formally brought an end to their state of war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4826874607bb72809c699f1a7d91a22d", "text": "Nuclear weapons in popular culture Since their public debut in August 1945 , nuclear weapons and their potential effects have been a recurring motif in popular culture , to the extent that the decades of the Cold War are often referred to as the `` atomic age '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "143c87815bc6a523056ec6181ee38be3", "text": "United States Navy in World War II The United States Navy grew rapidly during World War II from 1941 -- 45 , and played the central role in the war against Japan , and ( after the British Royal Navy ) a major role in the European war against Germany and Italy . The U.S. Navy grew into a formidable force in the years prior to World War II , with battleship production being restarted in 1937 , commencing with the . It was able to add to its fleets during the early years of the war while the US was still neutral , increasing production of vessels both large and small , deploying a navy of nearly 350 major combatant ships by December 1941 and having an equal number under construction . The Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) sought naval superiority in the Pacific by sinking the main American battle fleet at Pearl Harbor , which was built around its battleships . The December 1941 surprise attack on Pearl Harbor did knock out the battle fleet , but it did not touch the aircraft carriers , which became the mainstay of the rebuilt fleet . Naval doctrine had to be changed overnight . The United States Navy ( like the IJN ) had followed Alfred Thayer Mahan 's emphasis on concentrated groups of battleships as the main offensive naval weapons . The loss of the battleships at Pearl Harbor forced Admiral Ernest J. King , the head of the Navy , to place primary emphasis on the small number of aircraft carriers . The U.S. Navy grew tremendously as the United States was faced with a two-front war on the seas . It achieved notable acclaim in the Pacific Theater , where it was instrumental to the Allies ' successful `` island hopping '' campaign . The U.S. Navy fought six great battles with the Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) : the Attack on Pearl Harbor , Battle of the Coral Sea , the Battle of Midway , the Battle of the Philippine Sea , the Battle of Leyte Gulf , and the Battle of Okinawa . By war 's end in 1945 , the United States Navy had added nearly 1,200 major combatant ships , including 27 aircraft carriers and 8 battleships , and had over 70 % of the world 's total numbers and total tonnage of naval vessels of 1,000 tons or greater .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef1eaf5ef473a1a46a5c968e0abb2494", "text": "Mutual Defense Assistance Act The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949 . For US Foreign policy , it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era , and initially to Europe . The Act followed Truman 's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act ( the Marshall Plan ) , on April 3 , 1948 , which provided non-military , economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe . The Act was reauthorized in 1950 , but in 1951 , it and the Economic Cooperation Act were succeeded by the Mutual Security Act , and its newly created independent agency , the Mutual Security Administration , to supervise all foreign aid programs , including both military assistance programs and non-military , economic assistance programs that bolstered the defense capability of U.S. allies . About the same time , the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 , also known or referred to as the Battle Act , ( 65 Stat . 644 ; 22 U.S.C. 1611 et seq. ) was also passed ; it banned U.S. assistance to countries doing business with the Soviet Union and was so-named after its sponsor , Representative Laurie C. Battle of Alabama . Strong motivation for this ` control ' act also came from export control concerns , following their tightening by the Export control Act of 1949 over Soviet advances ; export controls were used for both domestic policy and later as an instrument of foreign policy . This is exemplified by the restrictions on export of certain strategic or military items to the Soviet bloc or to other countries which it felt , if permitted , would be detrimental to the foreign policy program of the US . This latter motive became so strong that it brought legislation directing the President to enlist the cooperation of other nations in enacting controls on trade with the Soviet block to parallel those of the United States . The benefits of the various economic and military aid programs were to be withheld from non-cooperating nations . The act covered a wide range of materials needed for the production of weapons , and was especially focused on anything that could aid atomic weapons research and construction . As the Cold War developed , these acts were part of the American policy of containment of Communism . They importantly provided defense assistance to any ally that might be attacked by the Soviet Union or one of its allies , while other programs provided non-military economic assistance . In Asia the programs expanded with the newly established Maoist People 's Republic of China , and other areas , with the development of specific country missions , including ones in Austria ( 1947 -- 50 ) , China ( 1946 -- 48 ) , Ireland ( 1948 -- 51 ) , and Trieste ( 1947 -- 52 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bec3a83f17e9e94bbb0be2c44f8cc4e7", "text": "High-altitude nuclear explosion High-altitude nuclear explosions are the result of nuclear weapons testing . Several such tests were performed at high altitudes by the United States and the Soviet Union between 1958 and 1962 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40d678faafe13fb09ffe77c9e2783541", "text": "History of the United States National Security Council 1953–61 This article is about the history of the United States National Security Council during the Eisenhower Administration , 1953 -- 1961 . Under President Dwight D. Eisenhower , the National Security Council system evolved into the principal arm of the President in formulating and executing policy on military , international , and internal security affairs . Where Harry S. Truman was uncomfortable with the NSC system and only made regular use of it under the pressure of the Korean War , Eisenhower embraced the NSC concept and created a structured system of integrated policy review . Eisenhower had a penchant for careful staff work , and believed that effective planning involved a creative process of discussion and debate among advisers compelled to work toward consensus recommendations . The genesis of the new NSC system was a report prepared for the President in March 1953 by Robert Cutler , who became the President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs . Cutler proposed a systematic flow of recommendation , decision , and implementation that he later described as the `` policy hill '' process . At the bottom of the hill , concerned agencies such as State and Defense produced draft policy recommendations on specific topics and worked for consensus at the agency level . These draft NSC papers went up the hill through the Planning Board , created to review and refine the recommendations before passing them on for full NSC consideration . The NSC Planning Board met on Tuesday and Friday afternoons and was composed of officials at the Assistant Secretary level from the agencies with permanent or standing representation on the Council , as well as advisers from the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Central Intelligence Agency . Hundreds of hours were spent by the Board reviewing and reconstructing proposed papers for the NSC . Cutler resigned in 1958 in exhaustion . The top of the foreign policy-making hill was the NSC itself , chaired by the President , which met regularly on Thursday mornings . The Council consisted of the five statutory members : the President , Vice President , Secretaries of State and Defense , and Director of the Office of Defense Mobilization . Depending on the subject under discussion , as many as a score of other senior Cabinet members and advisers , including the Secretary of the Treasury , the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , and the Director of Central Intelligence , attended and participated . The agenda included regular briefings by the Director of Central Intelligence on worldwide developments affecting U.S. security , and consideration of the policy papers advanced by the Planning Board . The upshot of the discussions were recommendations to the President in the form of NSC Actions . The President , who participated in the discussion , normally endorsed the NSC Action , and the decision went down the hill for implementation to the Operations Coordinating Board . President Eisenhower created the Operations Coordinating Board ( OCB ) to follow up on all NSC decisions . The OCB met regularly on Wednesday afternoons at the Department of State , and was composed of the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs , Deputy Secretary of Defense , the Directors of the CIA , the United States Information Agency , and ICA , and the Special Assistants to the President for National Security Affairs and Security Operations Coordination . The OCB was the coordinating and implementing arm of the NSC for all aspects of the implementation of national security policy . NSC action papers were assigned to a team from the OCB for follow-up . More than 40 interagency working groups were established with experts for various countries and subjects . This 24-person staff of the OCB supported these working groups in which officials from various agencies met each other for the first time . The President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs , a post held under Eisenhower by Cutler , Dillon Anderson , William Harding Jackson , and finally Gordon Gray , oversaw the flow of recommendations and decisions up and down the policy hill , and functioned in Council meetings to brief the Council and summarize the sense of discussion . The Special Assistant was an essential facilitator of the decision-making system , but , unlike the National Security Adviser created under Kennedy , had no substantive role in the process . The NSC staff managed by the Special Assistant grew during the Eisenhower years , but again had no independent role in the policy process . President Eisenhower had great confidence in the efficacy of covert operations as a viable supplement or alternative to previous normal foreign policy initiatives . The seeming clear success of the operations to overthrow Iranian populist leader Mossadegeh in 1953 , and overthrow the democratically elected , left-leaning President Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán in Guatemala in 1954 was not without their crisis moments in the White House . In 1954 NSC 5412 provided for the establishment of a panel of designated representatives of the President and the Secretaries of State and Defense to meet regularly to review and recommend covert operations . Gordon Gray assumed the chairmanship of the `` 5412 Committee '' as it was called , and all succeeding National Security Advisers have chaired similar successor committees , variously named `` 303 '' , `` 40 '' , `` Special Coordinating Committee , '' which , in later Presidential administrations , were charged with the review of CIA covert operations . President Eisenhower also created the position of staff secretary with the responsibility to screen all foreign policy and military documents coming to the President . While Colonel Andrew Goodpaster held this position , he tended to eclipse the Special Assistant for National Security . The strength of the NSC system under Eisenhower was that it provided for regular , fully staffed , interagency review of major foreign and national security issues , culminating in discussion and decision at the highest level of government . The resulting Presidentially approved NSC papers provided policy guidance at every level of implementation . Eisenhower felt that the regular policy discussions kept his principal advisers fully informed , in step with one another , and prepared to react knowledgeably in the event of crisis . His commitment to the system was such that he chaired every Council meeting he could attend ( 329 of a total of 366 ) . The NSC meetings , including prior briefings and subsequent review of NSC Actions , constituted the largest single item on his weekly agenda . Secretary of State John Foster Dulles , on the other hand , had reservations about the NSC system . He was the strongest personality in the Eisenhower Cabinet and jealously guarded his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . He had constant , direct access to the President and did not feel that some of the most sensitive issues should be discussed in groups as large as were involved in most NSC meetings . He drew a sharp line between the NSC policy review process and the day-to-day operations of foreign policy , which he maintained were the province of the Department of State . Dulles and his deputies also were not comfortable with the scope the NSC review system gave to Secretary of the Treasury George Humphrey , another strong figure in the Cabinet , to intrude budgetary limitations into policy considerations . Dulles successfully resisted a proposal to substitute the Vice President for the Under Secretary of State as chairman of the OCB , arguing that such a change would impinge on his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . Critics of the Eisenhower NSC system have argued that it was inflexible , overstaffed , unable to anticipate and react to immediate crises , and weighed down by committees reporting in great detail on long checklists of minor policy concerns . The most thorough critique of the system emerged from the hearings conducted in 1960 ( 1961 by the Senate Subcommittee on National Policy Machinery , known as the Jackson Subcommittee for its chairman , Senator Henry Jackson . Cutler and NSC Executive Secretary James Lay testified in support of the effectiveness of the system , but their testimony was offset by that of former Truman administration officials such as George Kennan , Paul Nitze , and Robert Lovett . They argued that foreign policy was being made by a passive President influenced by a National Security Council rendered virtually useless by ponderous , bureaucratic machinery . Basically , they argued , the NSC was a huge committee , and suffered from all the weaknesses of committees . Composed of representatives of many agencies , its members were not free to adopt the broad , statesmanlike attitude desired by the President , but , rather , were ambassadors of their own departments , clinging to departmental rather than national views . To make matters worse , critics added , the NSC system by its very nature was restricted to continuing and developing already established policies and was incapable of originating new ideas or major innovations . The critics suggested replacement of the formal , `` over-institutionalized '' NSC structure with a smaller , less formal NSC which would offer the President a clear choice of alternatives on a limited number of major problems . Eisenhower was certainly not a passive President , dominated by his Secretary of State on foreign policy and national security issues . In fact , Eisenhower was actively in command of his administration 's foreign policy , and the established NSC system met his instincts and requirements to the extent he used them . Although there is substance in the criticism that the Eisenhower NSC became to some extent the prisoner of a rigidly bureaucratic process , the criticism misses the point that Eisenhower and Dulles did not attempt to manage fast-breaking foreign policy crises or day-to-day operation through the NSC apparatus . An examination of several of the major foreign policy decisions that confronted the Eisenhower administration reveals that the NSC system was used to manage some , but was essentially bypassed in others . The established NSC process was used when the question involved a policy debate between departments with strongly held , contending positions , as it did in the case of the debate between the Departments of State and Defense in 1956/1957 over whether to introduce a more modern generation of weapons into Korea , where it focused debate and produced the necessary agreed-upon decision after discussion of three draft policy papers . In fast-breaking crisis situations however , including the concurrent Suez crisis and Hungarian Revolution of 1956 , the first and Second Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1955 and 1958 , and the 1958 Lebanon crisis , these were typically managed through small meetings with the President in the White House , normally involving Dulles and other concerned advisers , and through telephone conversations between Eisenhower , Dulles , and other principal advisers . Eisenhower sometimes used trusted NSC staffers to serve as an intermediary to gain information outside the chain of command as he did with Colonel Goodpaster during the straits crisis in 1955 . There was great similarity between this process of crisis management and that adopted by subsequent Presidents , such as Kennedy , Johnson , and Nixon , except for the fact that the ad hoc meetings in the Eisenhower White House did not involve a National Security Adviser as a substantive participant . And in the event that aspects of crisis management depended on contact with the critical man-on-the-spot , as it did in 1958 when Deputy Under Secretary of State Robert Murphy was dispatched to Lebanon to attempt to defuse the crisis , his instructions came from the Department of State and he reported to the Secretary of State rather than directly to the White House , as became the practice during the height of the Vietnam War . When Eisenhower briefed President-elect Kennedy on the NSC system , as when Gordon Gray briefed his successor McGeorge Bundy , they both emphasized the importance of the established NSC machinery in the management of foreign policy and national security affairs . They might have been more persuasive in maintaining the system had they pointed to the fact that the NSC apparatus was essentially limited to policy review , but was not used by them to manage foreign policy crises or day-to-day decisions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c0a3bd90ace9d7b97aa942d0812dcc0", "text": "History of nuclear weapons Nuclear weapons possess enormous destructive power from nuclear fission or combined fission and fusion reactions . Starting with scientific breakthroughs made during the 1930s , the United States , the United Kingdom and Canada collaborated during World War II in what was called the Manhattan Project to counter the suspected Nazi German atomic bomb project . In August 1945 , two fission bombs were dropped on Japan , and stands to date as the only use of nuclear weapons in combat . The Soviet Union started development shortly thereafter with their own atomic bomb project , and not long after that both countries developed even more powerful fusion weapons known as `` hydrogen bombs '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "063a66c5815e225899a9c94f60268d2a", "text": "WASH-740 WASH-740 was a report published by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission ( USAEC ) in 1957 . This report , called `` Theoretical Possibilities and Consequences of Major Accidents in Large Nuclear Power Plants '' ( also known as `` The Brookhaven Report '' ) , estimated maximum possible damage from a meltdown with no containment building at a large nuclear reactor . The conclusions of this study estimated the possible effects of a `` maximum credible accident '' for nuclear reactors then envisioned as being 3400 deaths , 43,000 injuries and property damage of $ 7 billion ( $ 57bn adjusted for inflation in 2012 since 1957 ) . The estimate of probability was one in a hundred thousand to one in a billion per reactor-year . When WASH-740 was revised in 1964-65 to account for the larger reactors then being designed , the new figures indicated that there could be as many as 45,000 deaths , 100,000 injuries , and $ 17 billion in property damage ( $ 125bn adjusted for inflation since 1964 ) . However ; the assumptions underlying the results were unrealistic ( including the worst meteorological conditions , no containment building , and that half the reactor core is released into the atmosphere as micrometre-sized pellets without any examination of how this might occur ) . These were due to conservatism ( estimating the maximum possible damage ) and the need to use atomic bomb fallout data , which had been collected from tests ( computers in 1955 being greatly insufficient to do the calculations ) . As knowledge , models and computers improved the conclusions of this report were replaced by those of first WASH-1400 ( 1975 , The Rasmussen Report ) , then CRAC-II ( 1982 ) , and most recently NUREG-1150 ( 1991 ) . Now all of these studies are considered obsolete ( see the disclaimer to NUREG-1150 ) , and are being replaced by the State-of-the-Art Reactor Consequence Analyses study .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "904228ded945d1d476de922eb3b7b5d0", "text": "Bombing of Kōfu in World War II The was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States against military and civilian targets and population centers of the Empire of Japan during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing states of World War II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3a288c6aba31c9ccb4dd4ff75fb2a25", "text": "Origins of the Cold War The Origins of the Cold War are widely regarded to lie most directly in the relations between the Soviet Union and the allies ( the United States , Great Britain and France ) in the years 1945 -- 1947 . Those events led to the Cold War that endured for just under half a century . Events preceding the Second World War , and even the Russian Revolution of 1917 , underlay pre -- World War II tensions between the Soviet Union , western European countries and the United States . A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions , including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions , the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe , the western allies ' support of the Atlantic Charter , disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe , the Soviets ' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states , western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry , and the Marshall Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8d50a745d3fb292cb2de094b753a914", "text": "Strategic Defense Initiative The Strategic Defense Initiative ( SDI ) was a proposed missile defense system intended to protect the United States from attack by ballistic strategic nuclear weapons ( intercontinental ballistic missiles and submarine-launched ballistic missiles ) . The system , which was to combine ground-based units and orbital deployment platforms , was first publicly announced by President Ronald Reagan on March 23 , 1983 . The initiative focused on strategic defense rather than the prior strategic offense doctrine of mutual assured destruction ( MAD ) . The Strategic Defense Initiative Organization ( SDIO ) was set up in 1984 within the United States Department of Defense to oversee the Strategic Defense Initiative . Reagan was a vocal critic of MAD doctrine . SDI was an important part of his defense policy intended to end MAD as a nuclear deterrence strategy , as well as a strategic initiative to neutralize the military component of the Soviet Union 's nuclear defenses . The ambitious initiative was criticized for allegedly threatening to destabilize the MAD-approach and to possibly re-ignite `` an offensive arms race '' . SDI was nicknamed largely in the mainstream media as `` Star Wars '' , after the popular 1977 film by George Lucas . In 1987 , the American Physical Society concluded that a global shield such as `` Star Wars '' was extremely ambitious and with existing technology not directly feasible for operational status , and that about ten more years of research was needed to learn about such a comprehensive and complex system to set up and make it fully operational . Under the SDIO 's Innovative Sciences and Technology Office , headed by physicist and engineer Dr. James Ionson , the investment was predominantly made in basic research at national laboratories , universities , and in industry ; these programs have continued to be key sources of funding for top research scientists in the fields of high-energy physics , supercomputing/computation , advanced materials , and many other critical science and engineering disciplines -- funding which indirectly supports other research work by top scientists , and which was most politically viable to fund within the budget environment . Laser research funded by the SDI office was disclosed at laser conferences that also included panel discussions on the subject with the participation of James Ionson , Edward Teller , and other prominent advocates of SDI . During the administration of President Bill Clinton in 1993 , the SDIO 's name was changed to the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization ( BMDO ) and its focus shifted from national missile defense to theater missile defense ; and its scope from global to more regional coverage . It was never truly developed or deployed , though certain aspects of SDI research and technologies paved the way for some anti-ballistic missile systems of today . BMDO was renamed to the Missile Defense Agency in 2002 . This article covers defense efforts under the SDIO . Today , the United States holds a significant advantage in the field of comprehensive advanced missile defense systems through years of extensive research and testing . The US and the UK also have both laser weapons and 360 degree laser shields in development , which are expected to be ready for military use as early as 2020 . Many of the obtained technological insights were transferred to subsequent programs and would find use in follow-up programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efba722d112828808f43048049571dc6", "text": "2006 North Korean missile test Two rounds of North Korean missile tests were conducted on July 5 , 2006 . The Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( DPRK or North Korea ) reportedly fired at least seven separate missiles . These included one long-range Taepodong-2 missile and short-range Scud derived missiles including the enlarged Nodong missile . The Taepodong-2 was estimated by United States intelligence agencies as having a potential range reaching as far as Alaska , the missile reached a distance of about 250 miles from northern California . North Korea made its first public acknowledgement of the tests on July 6 , through its foreign ministry , describing them as `` successful '' and part of `` regular military drills to strengthen self-defense , '' insisting that it had the legal right to do so . The country warned of `` stronger physical actions '' if it were put under pressure by the international community . On July 8 , CNN reported that the U.S. had deployed the USS Mustin , a guided missile destroyer , to the Japanese port of Yokosuka , home of the U.S. Navy 's Seventh Fleet . A spokeswoman said that the deployment was not related to the test-firings , and it had been previously planned .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84c4e2fa080b875a458100a00bdc0fa1", "text": "Military production during World War II Military production during World War II includes the arms , ammunitions , personnel and financing which were mobilized for the war . Military production , in this article , means everything produced by the belligerents from the occupation of Austria in early 1938 to the surrender and occupation of Japan in late 1945 . The mobilization of funds , people , natural resources and matériel for the production and supply of military equipment and military forces during World War II was a critical component of the war effort . During the conflict , the Allies outpaced the Axis powers in most production categories . Access to the funding and industrial resources necessary to sustain the war effort was linked to their respective economic and political alliances . As formerly neutral powers ( such as the United States ) joined the escalating conflict , territory changed hands , combatants were defeated , the balance of power shifted in favour of the Allies ( as did the means to sustain the military production required to win the war ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82d8f9e59718a904dc7c4f07d854341e", "text": "Mark 21 nuclear bomb The Mark 21 nuclear bomb was a United States nuclear gravity bomb first produced in 1955 . It was based on the TX-21 `` Shrimp '' prototype that had been detonated during the Castle Bravo test in March 1954 . While most of the Operation Castle tests were intended to evaluate weapons intended for immediate stockpile , or which were already available for use as part of the Emergency Capability Program , Castle Bravo was intended to test a design which would drastically reduce the size and costs of the first generation of air-droppable atomic weapons ( the Mk 14 , Mk 17 & Mk 24 ) . At 12 ft long , 56 in in diameter , and weighing 15000 lb , the Mk-21 was half the length and one-third the weight of the Mk-17 / 24 weapons it replaced . Its minimum yield was specified at four megatons . Quantity production of the Mk-21 started in December 1955 and ran until July 1956 . Three marks were produced ; the Mk-21C was proof tested as the Operation Redwing Navajo shot , with a yield of 4.5 megatons . Starting in June 1957 all Mk-21 bombs were converted to the more powerful Mk-36 , which was removed from service in 1962 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a4b692ed7fde4c8ccaca1791c05bdfe", "text": "Anti-nuclear groups in the United States More than eighty anti-nuclear groups are operating , or have operated , in the United States . These include : Abalone Alliance , Clamshell Alliance , Greenpeace USA , Institute for Energy and Environmental Research , Musicians United for Safe Energy , Nevada Desert Experience , Nuclear Control Institute , Nuclear Information and Resource Service , Public Citizen Energy Program , Shad Alliance , and the Sierra Club . These are direct action , environmental , health , and public interest organizations who oppose nuclear weapons and/or nuclear power . In 1992 , the chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission said that `` his agency had been pushed in the right direction on safety issues because of the pleas and protests of nuclear watchdog groups '' . Some of the most influential groups in the anti-nuclear movement have had members who included Nobel Laureates ( e.g. , Linus Pauling and Hermann Joseph Muller ) . These scientists have belonged primarily to two groups : the Federation of American Scientists , and the Committee for Nuclear Responsibility .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ff30d6689b6c56410848974b96bc0dd", "text": "Weapon of mass destruction A weapon of mass destruction ( WMD ) is a nuclear , radiological , chemical , biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures ( e.g. , buildings ) , natural structures ( e.g. , mountains ) , or the biosphere . The scope and usage of the term has evolved and been disputed , often signifying more politically than technically . Originally coined in reference to aerial bombing with chemical explosives , since World War II it has come to refer to large-scale weaponry of other technologies , such as chemical , biological , radiological , or nuclear .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cd257cffe58ce0400dde5df6298c8d4", "text": "Nuclear Posture Review The Nuclear Posture Review is a process `` to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. security strategy should be . '' The first NPR of 2002 was the second of these quadrennial reviews of United States nuclear forces undertaken by the United States Department of Defense . The first took place in 1994 . The final report is National Security Classified and submitted to the Congress of the United States . The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the `` Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries , naming not only Russia and the `` axis of evil '' -- Iraq , Iran , and North Korea -- but also China , Libya and Syria . '' President Barack Obama 's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague , Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons . His NPR was hoped by observers to make concrete moves toward this goal . The finished 2010 policy renounces development of any new nuclear weapons such as the bunker-busters proposed by the Bush administration , and for the first time rules out a nuclear attack against non-nuclear-weapon states who are in compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . This rule pointedly excludes Iran and North Korea . As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review , the U.S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today 's threats . Rose Gottemoeller , U.S. Acting Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security , said in early June 2012 that the United States was considering what forces the United States needed to maintain for strategic stability and deterrence , including extended deterrence and assurance to U.S. Allies and partners . Based on this analysis the United States would develop proposals for potential further reductions in its nuclear stockpile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2185a6075a070aa8a7d079722b42127", "text": "List of nuclear weapons tests of the United Kingdom The list of nuclear weapons tests summarizes all the nuclear tests performed by the United Kingdom from 3 October 1952 to 26 November 1991 at Montebello Islands , Emu Field and Maralinga Field in Australia , on Kiritimati and Malden Islands in Kiribati , and at the Nevada Test Site in the United States . The total of 88 tests include 64 tests carried out in the atmosphere .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b67978c54f4d6a26bfa7a553a5e897e3", "text": "Special Relationship The Special Relationship is the unofficial term for the exceptionally close political , diplomatic , cultural , economic , military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States . It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill . Although both the United Kingdom and United States have close relationships with many other nations , the level of cooperation between them in economic activity , trade and commerce , military planning , execution of military operations , nuclear weapons technology , and intelligence sharing has been described as `` unparalleled '' among major powers . The United Kingdom and United States have been close allies in numerous military and political conflicts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries including World War I , World War II , the Korean War , the Cold War , the Gulf War , and the War on Terror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "829dad31afe01d907adb5f39cccc2edd", "text": "Airpower Airpower or air power comprises the application of military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare . Airpower began with the advent of powered flight early in the 20th century . Airpower represents a `` complex operating environment that has been subjected to considerable debate '' . British doctrine defines airpower as `` the ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events . '' Airpower is a function of air supremacy and numbers . Roughly speaking , a combatant side that has 100 % or near 100 % control of the skies has air supremacy ; an advantage of some 70 -- 90 % would indicate air superiority . A 50/50 split is air parity ; lower than this , one side may be said to be air denied or air incapable . Because aeroplanes generally take off from designed airfields on missions typically involving some hours of cruising , the precise state of air superiority is fluid and less defined vis-a-vis land or sea warfare . For example , a contested airspace directly above a battlespace bristling with anti-aircraft weapons may be denied to the air forces of both sides . Further , the completely different situations of a technologically advanced airforce with one flight of high-tech planes ( air supremacy but low capacity ) or a low-tech force of massive numbers of low-tech planes ( e.g. , An-2 ) resulting in high capacity but low long-term survivability demonstrate that ` air power ' is multi-faceted and complex . Significant contributors to theorizing about air power have been Giulio Douhet , Billy Mitchell , John Boyd and John A. Warden III . At the start of World War I , opinions differed on the national air forces and the value of airships . Some early strategists/visionaries after World War I imagined that airpower alone would suffice to bring nations to their knees . The Bombing of Guernica was an early trial that revealed both capabilities and limitations . But yet another maxim , `` no war was ever won solely by airpower '' was challenged by the NATO victory in Kosovo . Airpower has been used to conduct lightning strategic strikes , to complement land offensives , to instill fear and lower morale similarly to a fleet in being , and to create broad-based destruction behind enemy lines . With airpower , supplies can be transported by cargo planes , providing a decisive edge in mobility . Military and civilian aircraft interact in a number of complex ways , including shootdowns of civilian planes , whether mistaken or not ; military escorts of civilian planes ; civilian planes being used for military transport , espionage , or other purposes ; and/or no-fly zones being enforced to punish or sanction a target nation . Airpower also relates to space power , although militarization of space remains regulated by international treaty . Developed nations have enjoyed a consistent advantage in airpower since the beginning of mechanized flight . Airpower has been wielded mostly decisively in the last hundred years by Nazi Germany , the United Kingdom , the United States , the Soviet Union , Japan , Italy , and France , with many client nations using aircraft developed by one or more of these nations . A mass technological base is considered necessary for the development of airpower .", "title": "" } ]
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97cc59957e88dc5e9b3ea2402f1f26f8
Henry V is a 2012 British film.
[ { "docid": "34d6f2a08e433fb0e1b966881f300f0f", "text": "Henry V (2012 film) Henry V is a 2012 British television film based on the play of the same name by William Shakespeare . It is the fourth film in the series of television films called The Hollow Crown produced by Sam Mendes for BBC Two covering the whole of Shakespeare 's Henriad . It was directed by Thea Sharrock and stars Tom Hiddleston as Henry V of England . Henry V is the fourth play in Shakespeare 's tetralogy dealing with the successive reigns of Richard II , Henry IV , and Henry V.", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "f0eb48344c4b717323ea062dc40cda7b", "text": "Henry George Foundation of Great Britain The Henry George Foundation is an independent UK economic and social justice think tank and public education group concerned with `` the development of sound relationships between the citizen , our communities ( from the local to the global ) and our shared natural and common resources '' . The Henry George Foundation describes itself as `` active on three broad fronts : research , education , and advocacy '' . The Foundation takes its name from Henry George , the 19th Century economist and proponent of the taxation of land values .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9baaff2be7a370de21e0a1c491e4c1ea", "text": "George Percy, Earl Percy George Dominic Percy , Earl Percy ( born 4 May 1984 ) , is the heir apparent to the Dukedom of Northumberland . Percy was born as the second child and elder son of the Duke and Duchess of Northumberland . He became heir apparent to the dukedom in 1995 , when his uncle Henry , 11th Duke of Northumberland , died . Percy 's parents , now Duke and Duchess of Northumberland , were eager to protect him from `` vices and pitfalls '' , and filed a lawsuit to prevent him from inheriting # 1 million and a # 250,000 annual income upon turning 18 . In 1999 , they succeeded in delaying the inheritance , which Lord Percy received at the age of 25 . George Percy is also set to inherit Alnwick Castle , famously known as Hogwarts ' School of Witchcraft and Wizardry in the Harry Potter films . He served as a Page of Honour to Queen Elizabeth II from 1996 to 1998 . He is also a direct descendant of Charles II of England through multiple descents . Earl Percy was educated at Eton College , and studied geography at the University of Edinburgh , specialising in sustainable development and renewable energy . He graduated in 2008 , having shared a house with Pippa Middleton , with whom he has been linked since . Percy studied Arabic language at the University of Damascus , and later worked in Abu Dhabi . He is the managing director of energy company Cluff Geothermal with Paul Younger . As old family friends , Lord Percy and his family attended the wedding of Middleton 's sister Catherine and Prince William , Duke of Cambridge , in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2968b8130f7c22a17d786f20110b5b23", "text": "Kemble family Kemble is the name of a family of English actors , who reigned over the British stage for decades . The most famous were Sarah Siddons ( 1755-1831 ) and her brother John Philip Kemble ( 1757-1823 ) , the two eldest of the twelve children of Roger Kemble ( 1721-1802 ) , a strolling player and manager of the Warwickshire Company of Comedians , who in 1753 married an actress , Sarah Ward . Roger Kemble was born in Hereford , and was a grand-nephew of Father John Kemble , a recusant Catholic priest , who was hanged in that city in 1679 . Three younger children of Roger , Stephen Kemble ( 1758-1822 ) , Charles Kemble ( 1775-1854 ) , and Elizabeth Whitlock ( 1761-1836 ) , were also actors , while Ann Hatton was a novelist . In George Henry Harlow 's famous painting The Court for the Trial of Queen Katharine he depicted many of the Kemble family members . The subject of the painting comes from Henry VIII , Act II , Scene iv , and the refutation of Cardinal Wolsey , charged with obtaining Henry 's divorce from his Queen , Katherine . The production was mounted by John Philip Kemble when he took over the management of Covent Garden in 1806 . Harlow was a personal friend of the Kemble family and this picture is homage to his friends . John Philip Kemble clothed in scarlet plays Wolsey ; his brother Charles Kemble ( in black ) has the part of Thomas Cromwell and sits behind the table . Immediately behind and above him is Stephen Kemble as Henry . The sister , Sarah Siddons , is Katherine . The tradition was continued by two daughters of Charles Kemble and Maria Theresa Kemble : actress and Shakespearean reader Fanny Kemble ( 1800-1893 ) and Adelaide Kemble ( 1815-1879 ) , an opera singer . Both Sarah Siddon 's son Henry Kemble and Stephen Kemble 's son , also named Henry Kemble , became actors . Among later members of the Kemble family , mention may also be made of Charles Kemble 's grandson , Henry Kemble ( 1848-1907 ) , a sterling and popular London actor . At least two 20th Century members were Violet Kemble-Cooper and Lillian Kemble-Cooper . Descending from Kemble Croft 's line is Sebastian Croft ( b. 2001 ) , a popular 21st Century actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04d563bcde9714a8d44a06d7c7d7242e", "text": "Globe to Globe Festival The Globe to Globe Festival ran from 23 April to 9 June 2012 as part of the World Shakespeare Festival , itself part of the 2012 Cultural Olympiad . The festival 's director was Tom Bird . The Globe to Globe Festival hosted 37 productions of Shakespeare 's plays in 37 different languages over a six-week period . The festival was primarily intended to be an experiment with foreign language Shakespeare in the languages of London , however , it also aimed to discover how important Shakespeare is to the rest of the world . The Festival was recorded through blog responses on the Theatre 's own website and on the Year of Shakespeare blog . More than 100,000 people attended the performances , 80 % of whom had not previously been to the Globe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca9d56c412d948b14c7931991ff16ff0", "text": "British Independent Film Awards 2012 The 15th British Independent Film Awards , held on 9 December 2012 at the Old Billingsgate Market in central London , honoured the best British independent films of 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7af77b7e6c4d952eb18e58021ef1cc16", "text": "Henry VI, Part 1 Henry VI , Part 1 , often referred to as 1 Henry VI , is a history play by William Shakespeare , and possibly Christopher Marlowe and/or Thomas Nashe , believed to have been written in 1591 , and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England . Whereas Henry VI , Part 2 deals with the King 's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles , and the inevitability of armed conflict , and Henry VI , Part 3 deals with the horrors of that conflict , Henry VI , Part 1 deals with the loss of England 's French territories and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses , as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy . Although the Henry VI trilogy may not have been written in chronological order , the three plays are often grouped together with Richard III to form a tetralogy covering the entire Wars of the Roses saga , from the death of Henry V in 1422 to the rise to power of Henry VII in 1485 . It was the success of this sequence of plays that firmly established Shakespeare 's reputation as a playwright . Some regard Henry VI , Part 1 as the weakest of Shakespeare 's plays and , along with Titus Andronicus , it is generally considered one of the strongest candidates for evidence that Shakespeare collaborated with other dramatists early in his career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44", "text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2982d0eee0e206f8a2743c3e737a0f74", "text": "An Englishman Abroad An Englishman Abroad is a 1983 BBC television drama film , based on the true story of a chance meeting of actress Coral Browne , with Guy Burgess ( Alan Bates ) , a member of the Cambridge spy ring who spied for the Soviet Union while an officer at MI6 . The production was written by Alan Bennett and directed by John Schlesinger ; Browne stars as herself . The film is set is Moscow in 1958 , after Burgess had defected to the Soviet Union in 1951 with Donald Maclean when it became apparent that Maclean was about to be investigated by British intelligence . Burgess barges into Browne 's dressing room in the interval of a touring Shakespeare Memorial Theatre ( which became one of the bases of the Royal Shakespeare Company ) production of Hamlet , in which she portrayed Gertrude , and charms her . Later on she is invited to his Moscow flat , finding it with some difficulty , to measure him for a suit that he would like ordered from his London tailor . Several plot changes were made from the true story told by Browne to Bennett . Burgess in fact threw up in the dressing room of Michael Redgrave , who asked for Browne 's help . Redgrave documented the incident in his biography . The play also contained scenes in Moscow 's British Embassy and in London shops where Browne encountered resistance to helping Burgess , none of which happened in reality . Rather than film in the Soviet Union , Schlesinger used several locations in Scotland . The Caird Hall and Whitehall Theatre in Dundee stood in for the Moscow theatre , and the grand marble staircase of Glasgow City Chambers played the part of the British Embassy . Additional filming was done at Glasgow 's St. Andrew 's Suspension Bridge ( `` luckily , in a snowstorm '' Bennett later wrote ) and the Moss Heights flats in Cardonald , which represented Burgess ' Moscow apartment . Both Browne and Bates were winners of the BAFTA awards for acting for their roles in this production . Bennett gives the date of Browne 's meeting with Burgess as 1958 in the introduction to his Single Spies , which contains the text of An Englishman Abroad in the stage play version and the text of A Question of Attribution about Anthony Blunt . The play was also adapted for radio on the BBC World Service in 1994 starring Michael Gambon as Burgess and Penelope Wilton as Coral Browne . It was subsequently re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7 and BBC Radio 4 Extra , most recently in 2013 as part of BBC Radio 4 Extra 's Cambridge Spies season . On the BFI TV 100 , a list compiled in 2000 by the British Film Institute ( BFI ) , chosen by a poll of industry professionals , to determine what were the greatest British television programmes of any genre ever to have been screened , An Englishman Abroad was listed at no. 30 on the list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4", "text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97c35551785a33f5ffd47458cd705b2c", "text": "Henry House Henry House may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca83c2d7b16cc8fb1b88a8d89aa09ef2", "text": "United Kingdom company law The United Kingdom company law regulates corporations formed under the Companies Act 2006 . Also governed by the Insolvency Act 1986 , the UK Corporate Governance Code , European Union Directives and court cases , the company is the primary legal vehicle to organise and run business . Tracing their modern history to the late Industrial Revolution , public companies now employ more people and generate more of wealth in the United Kingdom economy than any other form of organisation . The United Kingdom was the first country to draft modern corporation statutes , where through a simple registration procedure any investors could incorporate , limit liability to their commercial creditors in the event of business insolvency , and where management was delegated to a centralised board of directors . An influential model within Europe , the Commonwealth and as an international standard setter , UK law has always given people broad freedom to design the internal company rules , so long as the mandatory minimum rights of investors under its legislation are complied with . Company law , or corporate law , can be broken down into two main fields . Corporate governance in the UK mediates the rights and duties among shareholders , employees , creditors and directors . Since the board of directors habitually possesses the power to manage the business under a company constitution , a central theme is what mechanisms exist to ensure directors ' accountability . UK law is `` shareholder friendly '' in that shareholders , to the exclusion of employees , typically exercise sole voting rights in the general meeting . The general meeting holds a series of minimum rights to change the company constitution , issue resolutions and remove members of the board . In turn , directors owe a set of duties to their companies . Directors must carry out their responsibilities with competence , in good faith and undivided loyalty to the enterprise . If the mechanisms of voting do not prove enough , particularly for minority shareholders , directors ' duties and other member rights may be vindicated in court . Of central importance in public and listed companies is the securities market , typified by the London Stock Exchange . Through the Takeover Code the UK strongly protects the right of shareholders to be treated equally and freely trade their shares . Corporate finance concerns the two money raising options for limited companies . Equity finance involves the traditional method of issuing shares to build up a company 's capital . Shares can contain any rights the company and purchaser wish to contract for , but generally grant the right to participate in dividends after a company earns profits and the right to vote in company affairs . A purchaser of shares is helped to make an informed decision directly by prospectus requirements of full disclosure , and indirectly through restrictions on financial assistance by companies for purchase of their own shares . Debt finance means getting loans , usually for the price of a fixed annual interest repayment . Sophisticated lenders , such as banks typically contract for a security interest over the assets of a company , so that in the event of default on loan repayments they may seize the company 's property directly to satisfy debts . Creditors are also , to some extent , protected by courts ' power to set aside unfair transactions before a company goes under , or recoup money from negligent directors engaged in wrongful trading . If a company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due , UK insolvency law requires an administrator to attempt a rescue of the company ( if the company itself has the assets to pay for this ) . If rescue proves impossible , a company 's life ends when its assets are liquidated , distributed to creditors and the company is struck off the register . If a company becomes insolvent with no assets it can be wound up by a creditor , for a fee ( not that common ) , or more commonly by the tax creditor ( HMRC ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0471de7bcbb50dae98def28e70e4ee67", "text": "Cecil Bevan Cecil Bevan was a British stage and film actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fba1d8e638b5a3d87c2abb5121347e47", "text": "Richard III (1912 film) Richard III is a 55-minute film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , starring Frederick Warde as the title character . The 1912 film , a French/U . S. international co-production , was produced by Film d'Art and released through the independent states rights film distribution system . The film was co-directed by French film director André Calmettes , who had previously directed the films The Assassination of the Duke of Guise ( 1908 ) , La Tosca ( 1909 -- based on the play by Victorien Sardou ) , and La Dame aux Camélias ( 1910 ) with Sarah Bernhardt . Richard III was adapted from Shakespeare 's original and Colley Cibber 's 1699 adaptation by playwright James Keane , who also served as co-director and actor ( playing Richmond ) . The film was shot around Westchester , New York and City Island Long Island Sound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "343faa2922f0d3ecf5ab80e64fa2eed2", "text": "State funerals in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom , a state funeral is usually reserved for a monarch . The last such funeral was held in 1952 for King George VI . In addition , very exceptionally , a state funeral may be held to honour a highly distinguished figure , with the approval of the monarch and with Parliament 's approval ( of the expenditure of public funds ) . This last happened in 1965 for Sir Winston Churchill . Other funerals ( including those of senior members of the Royal Family and high-ranking public figures ) may share many of the characteristics of a state funeral without being gazetted as such ; for these , the term ` ceremonial funeral ' is used . In the 21st century , the funerals of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother ( 2002 ) and Baroness Thatcher ( 2013 ) have fallen into this category . Along with the funeral service itself ( which will be a large-scale national occasion ) , these events tend to be characterized by the use of a gun carriage to transport the coffin between locations , accompanied by a procession of military bands and detachments along with mourners and other officials . They may also feature a lying in state and other associated ceremonies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87d5126edfd224467b5807556d966f6d", "text": "Henry V of England Henry V ( 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 ) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 -- 1453 ) between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt ( 1415 ) and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes ( 1420 ) recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois ( 1401 -- 37 ) . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI ( 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "980b2e5eac76e08f79cae081ec31a66b", "text": "Henry IV (Pirandello) Henry IV ( -LSB- enˈriːko ˈkwarto -RSB- ) is an Italian play ( Enrico IV ) by Luigi Pirandello written in 1921 and premiered to general acclaim at the Teatro Manzoni in Milan on 24 February 1922 . A study on madness with comic and tragic elements , it is about a man who believes himself to be Henry IV , Holy Roman Emperor . It has been translated into English by Tom Stoppard , among others . Rex Harrison starred in a noted British production which went to Broadway in 1973 , though the Stoppard translation was not used in the production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc", "text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de89e46fdd4c06055a0c65f514e43939", "text": "Henry IV (film) Henry IV ( Enrico IV ) is a 1984 Italian drama film directed by Marco Bellocchio . It is based on the Luigi Pirandello play of the same name and has music by Ástor Piazzolla . It was entered into the 1984 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9115f848bafc9464b16dc6c7b86fa11a", "text": "Henry V Henry V may refer to : In people : Henry V , Holy Roman Emperor ( 1081 -- 1125 ) Henry V , Count Palatine of the Rhine ( 1173 -- 1227 ) Henry V , Count of Luxembourg ( 1216 -- 1281 ) Henry V , Duke of Legnica ( c. 1248 -- 1296 ) Henry V of Iron ( c. 1319 -- after 1369 ) , Duke of Żagań , half-Głogów and half-Ścinawa Henry V of England ( 1387 -- 1422 ) Henry V , Duke of Mecklenburg ( 1479 -- 1552 ) Henri , comte de Chambord , nominally Henry V of France , ( 1820 -- 1883 ) Henry V , Count of Gorizia , Count of Gorizia from the Meinhardiner dynasty In arts : Henry V ( play ) , one of the Shakespearean histories , based on the life of King Henry V of England Henry V ( 1944 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Laurence Olivier The Life of Henry the Fift ( 1979 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by David Giles Henry V ( 1989 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Kenneth Branagh Henry V ( 2012 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Thea Sharrock In business : Henry V Events , a communications company", "title": "" } ]
fever
2776d3638952ffa59ad5db8309ec59eb
Joseph is the middle name of Neal Schon.
[ { "docid": "b8da068865e44dfe695b7ec15b20b24b", "text": "Neal Schon Neal Joseph Schon ( born February 27 , 1954 ) is an American rock guitarist , songwriter , and vocalist , best known for his work with the bands Journey and Bad English . He is Journey 's last original constant member , having participated in every album and tour to date . He was a member of the rock band Santana before forming Journey , and was also an original member of Hardline . Schon was inducted into the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame on August 23 , 2013 . Schon was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Journey on April 7 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "46ad4fe76a3191bd4c8134a339764c97", "text": "Joseph Chebet Joseph Chebet ( born August 23 , 1970 ) was the winner of the 1999 Boston Marathon and the 1999 New York Marathon . He won in Boston in 1999 after losing to fellow Kenyan Moses Tanui the year before by only three seconds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85aa484e57b473bf2ffece4519a9519e", "text": "Joseph Lord Joseph Lord ( 30 June 1672 -- 1748 ) was a Puritan pastor in colonial America in the late 17th century and early 18th century . He served as a pastor in Dorchester , Massachusetts , and then Dorchester , South Carolina , for two decades before becoming the pastor of the diocese of Chatham , Massachusetts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35ca52ef60212a91ea629db5d07df0f5", "text": "Joseph Gordon-Levitt Joseph Leonard Gordon-Levitt ( -LSB- ˈlɛvᵻt -RSB- born February 17 , 1981 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . As a child actor , he appeared in the films A River Runs Through It , Angels in the Outfield and 10 Things I Hate About You , and as Tommy Solomon in the TV series 3rd Rock from the Sun . He took a break from acting to study at Columbia University , but dropped out in 2004 to pursue acting again . He has since starred in 500 Days of Summer , Inception , Hesher , 50/50 , Premium Rush , The Dark Knight Rises , Brick , Looper , The Lookout , Manic , Lincoln , Mysterious Skin and G.I. Joe : The Rise of Cobra . He starred as Philippe Petit in the Robert Zemeckis-directed film The Walk ( 2015 ) , and as Edward Snowden in the Oliver Stone film Snowden ( 2016 ) . He also founded the online production company hitRECord in 2004 and has hosted his own TV series , HitRecord on TV , since January 2014 . In 2013 , Gordon-Levitt made his feature film directing and screenwriting debut with Don Jon , a comedy film in which he also stars . He previously directed and edited two short films , both of which were released in 2010 : Morgan M. Morgansen 's Date with Destiny and Morgan and Destiny 's Eleventeenth Date : The Zeppelin Zoo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aadb01bbd215c634b1d3ace3bfc11e55", "text": "Cory Joseph Cory Ephram Joseph ( born August 20 , 1991 ) is a Canadian professional basketball player for the Toronto Raptors of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He plays the point guard position and is also the captain of the Canadian national team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc616835982e33407ead803b7056e01a", "text": "Joe Jackson Joe Jackson or Joseph Jackson may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e187bc15054e0015f7d18741f805e7af", "text": "Joseph Charron Joseph Léo Charron , C.PP.S . is Bishop Emeritus of the Diocese of Des Moines , Iowa . Charron was born in Redfield , South Dakota on December 30 , 1939 . He is one of eight children . He received his theology B.A. in 1963 and M.A. in 1966 from the University of Dayton . He earned a licentiate in sacred theology at Lateran University in Rome , Italy in 1968 , and a doctorate at the Academia Alfonsiana in Rome in 1970 . He made religious profession and became a member of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood on August 15 , 1961 . On June 3 , 1967 he was ordained to the Roman Catholic priesthood in Carthagena , Ohio . Charron was an Assistant Professor of Theology at St. John 's University in Collegeville , Minnesota from 1970-1976 . From 1976-1979 he served as Assistant General Secretary and Associate General Secretary of the United States Catholic Conference and the National Conference of Catholic Bishops . In 1979 Charron became provincial director of the Kansas City Province of the Missionaries of the Precious Blood , a post he held until 1987 . He returned to St. John 's University where he served as Adjunct Professor of Theology 1987-1990 . He was consecrated Auxiliary Bishop of the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis on January 25 , 1990 . He was named Bishop of the Diocese of Des Moines on January 21 , 1994 . He announced his retirement on April 10 , 2007 for health reasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b71960e6624d168ea185cfd3e2a0de6", "text": "Jacob Joseph Jacob Joseph ( יעקב יוסף 1840 -- July 28 , 1902 ) served as chief rabbi of New York City 's Association of American Orthodox Hebrew Congregations , a federation of Eastern European Jewish synagogues . Born in Krozhe , a province of Kovno , he studied in the Nevyozer Kloiz under Rabbi Yisrael Salanter and in the Volozhin yeshiva under the Netziv . In Volozhin , he was known as `` Rav Yaakov Charif '' ( Rabbi Jacob Sharp ) because of his sharp mind . He became successively rabbi of Vilon in 1868 , Yurburg in 1870 , Zhagory and then Kovno . His fame as a preacher spread , so that in 1883 the community of Vilna selected him as its maggid . The Rabbi Jacob Joseph School is named after him , and a playground is named after and honors the memory of a great-grandson of Rabbi Jacob Joseph who carried his name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af84ba23ee4a489b6aef5dfadd896874", "text": "Joseph Shikokoti Joseph Shikokoti ( born 8 August 1985 ) is an Kenyan footballer who plays for A.F.C. Leopards in the Kenyan Premier League and the Kenya national team as a centre back . Shikokoti is noted for his great height . At six feet seven inches , he is easily one of the tallest footballers around .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a7fd087b060768e5df7b0978c7d218f", "text": "Josephville, Missouri Josephville is a village in St. Charles County , Missouri , United States . The population was 376 at the 2010 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c6d6cf878467d984f801c81341d6d75", "text": "Joseph Smith: The Making of a Prophet Joseph Smith : The Making of a Prophet is a biography of the formative years of the founder of Mormonism written by Dan Vogel . The book covers the period of Smith 's life up until 1831 . Vogel casts Smith in the role of a magician , who perhaps believes in his own ability to perform magic while using fraud to support his position : a charlatan that came to believe that he was called of God . The author assumes Smith to be the author of the Book of Mormon and takes the position that the book may be used as a `` primary source document '' that represents a reflection of Smith 's own life . Events portrayed in the Book of Mormon are compared to specific events in Smith 's life to illustrate similarities and to deduce Smith 's thoughts and aspirations during these periods .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bac82a7f4851ee45933b85c0ca9509ec", "text": "Larry Joseph Larry Nuron Joseph ( born 1 April 1985 ) is an Antiguan cricketer who has played for the Leeward Islands in West Indian domestic cricket . He is a right-arm off-spin bowler . Joseph made his debut in October 2003 , playing for the West Indies under-19s in the 2003 -- 04 Red Stripe Bowl . In 2008 , he played a single match for the Antigua and Barbuda national team at the 2008 Stanford 20/20 tournament , against Guyana . Joseph made his debut for the Leewards in January 2012 , against Trinidad and Tobago in the 2011 -- 12 Regional Super50 . He made his debut the following year , appearing three times in the 2012 -- 13 Regional Four Day Competition , but has not played for the team since . His best performance came against Trinidad and Tobago , when he took 4/66 in the second innings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9edddc034f75991d65db7a4dd8b370d", "text": "Joseph Rescigno Joseph Rescigno ( born October 8 , 1945 ) is an American conductor best known for his work in opera in North America and Europe . Since 1981 , he has served as Artistic Advisor and Principal Conductor of the Florentine Opera Company of Milwaukee , WI . He also served as Artistic Director of l'Orchestre Métropolitain du Grand Montréal , in Quebec , Canada , for four seasons . His commitment to young musicians and singers returns him each year to La Musica Lirica , a summer program for singers in Northern Italy , where he has been Music Director since 2005. , In addition , he serves on the advisory committee of the Olga Forrai Foundation , which supports the training , education , and career development of singers and conductors.Olga Forrai was a soprano of Hungarian birth and formed her foundation with Peter Herman Adler in 1981 : Olga Forrai Foundation . And he and the Florentine Opera Company have been chosen to mentor Solti Foundation U.S. Award recipients as part of the Foundation 's residency project ( newly expanded to opera ) since the 2014 -- 2015 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcb295801ae4d8989a492065599a3eba", "text": "Johnathan Joseph Johnathan Lee Joseph ( born April 16 , 1984 ) is an American football cornerback for the Houston Texans of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played college football at South Carolina , and was drafted by the Cincinnati Bengals in the first round of the 2006 NFL Draft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ddd939305e0419fb4e6099503edba85", "text": "Joseph Ellis (disambiguation) Joseph Ellis ( born 1943 ) is an American historian . Joseph Ellis or Joe Ellis may also refer to : Joe Ellis ( born 1958 ) , American football executive and President of the Denver Broncos Joe Ellis ( basketball ) ( born 1944 ) , American basketball player Joseph Ellis , stage name Zeph Ellis ( born 1988 ) , British rapper and producer", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcc2ff4b975092b76cf3478ab55bb82f", "text": "Joseph Scott Joseph or Joe Scott may refer to : Joseph Nicol Scott ( 1703 ? -- 1769 ) , English physician , dissenting minister and writer Sir Joseph Scott , 1st Baronet ( 1752 -- 1828 ) , English landowner and politician Joseph Scott ( attorney ) ( 1867 -- 1958 ) , attorney and community leader in Los Angeles , California Joe B. Scott ( 1920 -- 2013 ) , American baseball player Joseph Francis Scott ( 1864 -- 1941 ) , American Medal of Honor recipient Joseph Scott ( bobsleigh ) ( 1922 -- 2000 ) , American bobsledder of the 1950s Joseph Scott ( merchant ) ( 1728 -- 1800 ) , merchant and politician in Nova Scotia Joseph Scott ( garda ) ( 1901 -- 1962 ) , Garda Síochána and recipient of the Scott Medal Joseph Warren Scott ( 1778 -- 1871 ) , colonel in U.S. Army Josey Scott ( born 1972 ) , American musician , lead vocalist of the band Saliva Joe Scott ( basketball ) ( born 1965 ) , American basketball coach Joe Scott ( businessman ) ( 1908 -- 2002 ) , American businessman , founding partner of the Philadelphia Flyers Joe Scott ( footballer , born 1900 ) ( 1900 -- 1962 ) , English football outside left with Rotherham County , Barnsley and Tottenham Hotspur Joe Scott ( footballer , born 1901 ) ( 1901 -- 1972 ) , English football inside right with Sunderland , Darlington and South Shields Joe Scott ( footballer , born 1930 ) ( born 1930 ) , English football inside forward with Luton Town , Middlesbrough , Hartlepools United and York City Joe Scott ( walker ) ( 1860 -- 1908 ) , New Zealand world champion walker Joe Scott ( American football ) ( 1926 -- 2016 ) , professional American football player Joe Scott ( musician ) ( 1924 -- 1979 ) , American R&B songwriter , musician and arranger", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0d162f00d0b2a7f17c6ba9b046b2088", "text": "Jeremy Jordan (actor born 1984) Jeremy Michael Jordan ( born November 20 , 1984 ) is an American actor , dancer and singer . He has performed on Broadway and in television and film , as well as in other theatrical productions . He is best known for the roles of Jack Kelly in the 2012 musical Newsies and Clyde Barrow in the 2011 musical Bonnie & Clyde . He currently plays Winslow `` Winn '' Schott , Jr. , the son of DC Comics villain character Toyman , on the CBS / CW DC Comics based superhero drama series Supergirl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8caff2df11971d728031421431a7bcd3", "text": "St. Joseph Central Catholic High School St. Joseph Central Catholic High School is a private , Roman Catholic high school in Huntington , West Virginia , United States . It is part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Wheeling-Charleston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "778a41d73d70d28c10f575891299bbb2", "text": "Joseph Young (disambiguation) Joseph Young ( 1797 -- 1881 ) was an early leader of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ; brother to Brigham Young . Joseph Young may also refer to : Joseph Angell Young ( 1834 -- 1875 ) , apostle of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ; eldest son of Brigham Young Joseph Young or Alton Milford Young ( 1884 -- 1950 ) , Ku Klux Klan member Joseph H. Young ( born 1922 ) , American judge Joseph Young , Jr. ( born 1964 ) , American cartoonist and animator Joseph Young ( conductor ) ( born c. 1982 ) , American orchestra conductor", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c47cd76d9d5e1f0b6d93112acc3ad6e3", "text": "Joe Smith (basketball) Joseph Leynard Smith ( born July 26 , 1975 ) is an American former professional basketball player who played at power forward position for 12 teams of the NBA during his 16-year career . Born and raised in Norfolk , Virginia , Smith was the College Player of the Year at Maryland in 1995 and the No. 1 pick of that season 's NBA draft , picked by the Golden State Warriors . He was named to the 1995 -- 96 All-Rookie team . Smith was mobile throughout his career , the NBA indicated that he was one of the most traded players . In 1998 , Smith was traded to the Philadelphia 76ers ; he then played for the Minnesota Timberwolves ( with a mid-way pitstop for the Detroit Pistons ) until 2003 . He later played for the Milwaukee Bucks , the Denver Nuggets , the 76ers again , the Chicago Bulls , the Oklahoma City Thunder , the Cleveland Cavaliers , the Atlanta Hawks , the New Jersey Nets , and the Los Angeles Lakers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e274bd0b61953860b225d376b115c1bf", "text": "Joseph Ashton (actor) Joseph Ashton Valencia ( born November 18 , 1986 ) is an American film actor and voice actor .", "title": "" } ]
fever
ce5222d5bfa0ba7bf21310b54b161ab0
Chris Evans (actor) worked on Before We Go.
[ { "docid": "0d61e4cb96a192a60d8a2f53e64acb26", "text": "Chris Evans (actor) Christopher Robert Evans ( born June 13 , 1981 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . Evans is known for his superhero roles as the Marvel Comics characters Captain America in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and the Human Torch in Fantastic Four and its 2007 sequel . He began his career on the 2000 television series Opposite Sex , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Not Another Teen Movie , Sunshine , Scott Pilgrim vs. the World , Snowpiercer and Gifted . In 2014 , Evans made his directorial debut with the drama film Before We Go , in which he also starred .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85bd790a83336a2c5a265a353bd9c5ef", "text": "The Croods The Croods is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox . It stars the voices of Nicolas Cage , Emma Stone , Ryan Reynolds , Catherine Keener , Clark Duke , and Cloris Leachman . The film is set in a fictional prehistoric Pliocene era known as `` The Croodaceous '' ( a prehistoric period which contains fictional prehistoric creatures ) when a caveman 's position as a `` Leader of the Hunt '' is threatened by the arrival of a prehistoric genius who comes up with revolutionary new inventions as they trek through a dangerous but exotic land in search of a new home . The Croods was written and directed by Kirk DeMicco and Chris Sanders , and produced by Kristine Belson and Jane Hartwell . The film premiered at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival on February 15 , 2013 , and was released in the United States on March 22 , 2013 . As part of the distribution deal , this is the first film from DreamWorks Animation to be distributed by 20th Century Fox , since the end of their distribution deal with Paramount Pictures . The Croods received generally positive reviews , and proved to be a box office success , earning more than $ 587 million on a budget of $ 135 million . The film launched a new franchise , with a television series , Dawn of the Croods , which debuted on December 24 , 2015 , on Netflix . A sequel was announced for a 2018 release , but was later cancelled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ef99af5c43b02f066eee6ed1bd7173a", "text": "Mike Evans (journalist) Michael David Evans ( born June 30 , 1947 ) is an author , journalist , commentator and the head of several international non-profit organizations in the U.S. and Netherlands . Evans is also a Christian Zionist . Evans has written 42 books and has provided analysis and commentary on Middle East affairs for a variety of media . He has appeared on network television and radio shows . His op-eds have been published in The Washington Times , The Jerusalem Post and others . He founded and serves as head of a number of politically conservative Christian organizations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edfb557ef965c31396571d3c467c1055", "text": "Kevin Mitchell (musician) Kevin Edward Mitchell , also known by the stage name of Bob Evans ( born 1 October 1977 ) , is an Australian singer-songwriter ; Mitchell uses the moniker for his primary solo project . He is also the founding lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Jebediah , which was formed in 1994 and features his older brother Brett Mitchell , who joined on drums before the group 's first performance . Jebediah released five studio albums between 1997 and 2011 , the first three of which entered the top ten on the ARIA Albums Chart . Mitchell commenced performing as a folk pop artist under the name `` Bob Evans '' in 1999 to showcase `` quieter '' songs that were influenced by music that was different from the primary sound of Jebediah , and he deliberately chose a stage name that would distinguish him from his band . His most successful solo album Suburban Songbook , which was released on 10 June 2006 , peaked at No. 15 , and his next two solo albums Goodnight , Bull Creek ! ( 3 April 2009 ) and Familiar Stranger ( 15 March 2013 ) reached the top 40 . As of December 2016 , Mitchell has released five Bob Evans studio albums , and he launched the Good Evans , It 's A Bobcast ! podcast in May 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9148a94ded9a604f2c294d18f1d3c44", "text": "Before You Love Me `` Before You Love Me '' is a song by Alsou , her first single released from her first album , Alsou . It was released on April 30 , 2001 , in Australia and the United Kingdom , and a few weeks later in May 2001 in various countries throughout Europe . The single failed to chart in Australia . In the United Kingdom it peaked at number twenty-seven . A lack of promotional support from Alsou 's record company meant that no further releases occurred in either Australia or the United Kingdom , with the impending release of the Alsou album cancelled in both regions . The single was , however , effective in producing the hype it needed throughout Europe for the album to be released and proper promotion to take place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5", "text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d5421fa1fb49124f6a217b71b082496", "text": "The Things We Bury `` The Things We Bury '' is the eighth episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they search for a hidden alien city , and discover secrets about their enemies . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by DJ Doyle and directed by Milan Cheylov . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by principal cast members Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , and Nick Blood . Hayley Atwell reprises her role from other MCU projects in flashbacks with connections to the television series Agent Carter and the films Captain America : The First Avenger and Captain America : The Winter Soldier . `` The Things We Bury '' originally aired on ABC on November 18 , 2014 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.58 million viewers . The episode received a mostly positive critical response , with the episode 's flashback sequences , and the performance of MacLachlan , praised , but an issue of ` over-crowding ' of storylines was frequently brought up by critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad5d40f9c22c379a2ca99608aae68045", "text": "Chris Thompson (TV producer) Chris Thompson ( 1952 -- June 26 , 2015 ) was an American television writer , producer and director . Since 1977 , he wrote and produced for the television series Laverne & Shirley and The Larry Sanders Show . He had also created , written and produced Bosom Buddies , The Naked Truth , Action , Ladies Man and the Disney Channel original series , Shake It Up ! , as well co-written the feature films Jumpin ' Jack Flash and Back to the Beach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d761992b481d6b3eeb1db6a7da2f0e0b", "text": "Christopher St. John Christopher St. John , sometimes credited as Chris St. John , is an African-American film and television actor . He is also a film producer , film director and screenwriter and played a minor role in the television series Remington Steele .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a562c425287c413e6d17c47b10cf7c66", "text": "List of Gogglebox episodes Gogglebox is a television review programme , narrated by Caroline Aherne and Craig Cash , which features recurring British couples , families and friends sitting in their living rooms watching and commenting on various television shows . This is a list of all broadcast episodes . All dates are the first broadcast on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom . As of 10 June 2016 , there have been 85 episodes over seven series . There was a `` Brexit Special '' episode of Gogglebox on 3 August 2016 . A junior version of the show , called Gogglesprogs , launched with a Christmas Special on Christmas Day 2015 , and was followed by six other episodes which began airing from 17 June 2016 until 22 July 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa41503e851031a65253930a17ade8de", "text": "K. C. Collins For the actor with a similar name , see Christopher Collins . K.C. Collins , also known as Chris Collins , is a Canadian film , voice and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa1362f92cb2be893eeb4581e89cc3d2", "text": "Before After Before After is the seventh studio album by the English synthpop band Heaven 17 . It was originally released in September 2005 , on the label Ninthwave , nine years after their previous album , Bigger Than America . The album reached # 6 on the Billboard Magazine Club Play Chart in April 2006 . In September 2008 , the band 's cover of Blue Öyster Cult 's `` Do n't Fear the Reaper '' was featured on the American dark fantasy television series True Blood . A number of remixes of tracks from the album have appeared on online digital services such as iTunes and Amazon.com . It was the final album to feature founding member Ian Craig Marsh due to his decision to retire from music in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8bdb250ed519202f99070a828f92e14", "text": "Chuck Evans (basketball) Charles `` Chuck '' Lee Evans ( born December 12 , 1971 ) is a retired American professional basketball player , and former coach of British team Worcester Wolves . Evans was born in Atlanta , Georgia . A 1.80 m tall point guard , he led the 1994-95 Euroleague in assists with 6.2 per game . At the time he was playing for Russian club CSKA Moscow . Later he played in Germany with the Bayer Giants Leverkusen and Alba Berlin . In 2007 , he signed for British Basketball League side Worcester Wolves , joining the club at the same time as fellow Americans James Life and Anthony Paez . As starting point guard that year , he recorded two triple doubles , in back-to-back home games , and was widely thought of as the best creative point guard in the BBL and received an honourable mention for Player of the Month in March 2008 . At the end of the season , he moved to rival BBL side Everton Tigers , for whom he played for one season before returning to coach Worcester Wolves . He is also writing a regular column for the local newspaper , the Worcester Evening News .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37416c10e912cf41a94cfedbbef2525d", "text": "Jay Wade Edwards Jay Wade Edwards ( born September 12 , 1968 ) is an American film director and editor . Edwards ' filmmaking career began when he wrote , directed , and edited three short science fiction films -- Mountain of Terror Day of Dread ( 1998 ) , Project : Tiki Puka Puka ( 1999 ) , and Esta Noche We Ride ! ( 2001 ) -- known collectively as The Monster Trilogy . The Monster Trilogy has been shown at film festivals in Liverpool , England ; Ontario , Canada ; and Austin , Texas . Edwards has overseen promotion for the film , which has received positive reviews . Edwards co-produced and edited Y’ all Come ! The Hell Hole Swamp Festival , a 2002 documentary profiling Jamestown , South Carolina , home of the annual Hell Hole Swamp Festival . The film has screened in ten film festivals , including The Rural Route Film Festival in New York City , The Maryland Film Festival , and Detroit Docs , receiving two Best-of awards . The beach-party rock - 'n' - roll monster movie Stomp ! Shout ! Scream ! , Edwards 's first feature film as writer/director , premiered at the Austin Film Festival in October 2005 to more good reviews . The film has gone on to screen at more than twenty film festivals . Awards include Best Feature Film at the Toofy Film Festival and The Magnolia Independent Film Festival , and nominations for Best Cinematography and Best Set Design at the B-movie Film Festival . A professional television and film editor since 1991 , Edwards is the senior editor and producer of the animated series Aqua Teen Hunger Force for Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim and the feature Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters . Edwards 's television credits also include documentaries for CNN and TBS , Cartoon Network 's Space Ghost Coast to Coast , and numerous promotional campaigns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef263104a2da7fbc3345634fa4ead7b7", "text": "Sins of our Youth Sins of our Youth is a thriller/drama released in 2016 starring Lucas Till , Joel Courtney , and Mitchel Musso . `` Sins of Our Youth '' is a cautionary tale that highlights a new generation in the United States that is desensitized by an oversaturation of violence in the mainstream media and who have ready access to firearms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4673c6e36eadff3dc0118b1e9f327043", "text": "Top Gear (series 23) The twenty-third series of Top Gear was aired during 2016 on BBC Two and consisted of six episodes , beginning on 29 May and concluding on 3 July ; it was planned to feature ten episodes , but this was revised following concerns the series would conflict with the two major sporting events of Summer 2016 , despite the fact it was broadcast alongside UEFA Euro 2016 tournament . Following the departure of Jeremy Clarkson , Richard Hammond and James May , this series featured a new hosting line-up that consisted of Chris Evans , Matt LeBlanc , Sabine Schmitz , Chris Harris , Rory Reid and Eddie Jordan ; regular unnamed driver The Stig was the only part of the former line-up not to leave . While the format received only minor changes , the studio at Dunsfold was redesigned and the Top Gear Test Track received a brand new rallycross circuit to co-exist alongside it , complete with a brand new car for celebrities -- a Mini Rallycross Car , which replaced the Vauxhall Astra Tech Line . A brand new spin-off show was also created , entitled Extra Gear , which was broadcast on online channel BBC Three , and had the same number of episodes with each airing immediately after each episode of Series 23 . The series received a high amount of negative feedback before and during its broadcast ; while some was positive , the main criticisms were aimed towards presenter Chris Evans and the number of minor changes that had been made to the show . Viewing figures for the series were also not favourable after the first episode , with the final episode drawing in the lowest overnight viewing figures ever in the show 's history . A day after the finale was broadcast , Evans announced his resignation from the show on 4 July 2016 , feeling he had done his best but that it had not been good enough for viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0db5e98be904d9a2f169d3f5ea8d1c37", "text": "Christopher McDonald Christopher McDonald is an American actor . He is known for his roles as Darryl Dickinson in Thelma & Louise ( 1991 ) , Shooter McGavin in Happy Gilmore ( 1996 ) , Ward Cleaver in the film adaptation of Leave It to Beaver ( 1997 ) , Kent Mansley in The Iron Giant ( 1999 ) , Tappy Tibbons in Requiem for a Dream ( 2000 ) , and Mel Allen in the HBO film 61 * ( 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd3fb548e317aae13fe9b40042ffca12", "text": "Bill Evans (dancer) Bill Evans is a choreographer , performer , teacher , administrator , writer and movement analyst . More than 250 of Evans ' works have been performed by professional and pre-professional ballet , modern dance and tap dance companies throughout the United States , including his own Bill Evans Dance Company , Repertory Dance Theatre , Concert Dance Company of Boston , Ballet West , Ririe-Woodbury Dance Company , Ruth Page Chicago Ballet , Pacific Northwest Ballet , North Carolina Dance Theater , Stars of American Ballet at Jacob 's Pillow , Chicago Tap Theatre , Rochester City Ballet , FuturPointe Dance and many other companies . He has also created works for companies in Canada , Mexico and New Zealand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c97671934568b1faca59c3f59dc5ced", "text": "I've Been in Love Before (song) `` I 've Been in Love Before '' is a song by English rock band Cutting Crew . Written by lead singer Nick Van Eede , it was released as the second single from the band 's debut album , Broadcast ( 1986 ) . It reached No. 9 on the US Billboard Hot 100 , making the song their second biggest hit in the United States .", "title": "" } ]
fever
2d656e9c279a2b669c48a58f0784b438
Lily James was in a BBC production.
[ { "docid": "c2aac19dca37748b2a5de0be90c73c5a", "text": "Lily James Lily Chloe Ninette Thomson ( born 5 April 1989 ) , known as Lily James , is an English actress . She played Lady Rose Aldridge in the ITV period drama Downton Abbey and the title role in the 2015 Disney film Cinderella . James began her professional acting career as Ethel Brown in the 2010 BBC production Just William . In 2011 and 2012 , she earned warm reviews in several London theatre productions . She began to appear in Hollywood films in 2012 , with roles in Wrath of the Titans and Fast Girls , and was seen in further television roles , including that of Countess Natasha Rostova in the 2016 BBC historical drama series War & Peace .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6db996cbe144d9144ff6547e87f2575a", "text": "James and the Giant Peach (film) James and the Giant Peach is a 1996 British-American musical fantasy film directed by Henry Selick , based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Roald Dahl . It was produced by Tim Burton and Denise Di Novi , directed by Henry Selick , and starred Paul Terry as James . The film is a combination of live action and stop-motion animation . Co-stars Joanna Lumley and Miriam Margolyes played James 's aunts in the live-action segments , and Simon Callow , Richard Dreyfuss , Susan Sarandon , Jane Leeves , David Thewlis , and Margoyles voiced his insect friends in the animation sequences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d37e678165f22b10516db25ad4890d6", "text": "James Tomalin James Tomalin is a British composer and music producer . He studied music at Cambridge University and at Goldsmiths College , and has written music for BBC TV , Channel 4 , ITV and numerous films and albums . He currently runs the independent production company Oxford Digital Media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb6b5202194403a60e0af783caa130d6", "text": "BBC Television BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation . The corporation has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a royal charter since 1927 . It produced television programmes from its own studios since 1932 , although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936 . The BBC 's domestic television channels have no commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30 % of all UK viewing . The services are funded by a television licence . As a result of the 2016 Licence Fee settlement , the BBC Television division was split , with in-house television production being separated into a new division called BBC Studios and the remaining parts of television ( channels and genre commissioning , BBC Sport , BBC Three and BBC iPlayer ) being renamed as BBC Content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98f219b166642e7422b329e42559cf94", "text": "Up in Town Up In Town is a six-part series of short ( 10-minute ) monologues , featuring Joanna Lumley as the middle-aged , divorced and lonely Madison Blakelock . The series was produced for television by Baby Cow Productions , and screened on BBC Two . It has subsequently been released on DVD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d95cec440ce98a91532ee5b72b1d6c0", "text": "Lily Allen Lily Rose Beatrice Cooper ( née Allen ; born 2 May 1985 ) , known professionally as Lily Allen , is an English singer , songwriter , actress , and television presenter . She is the daughter of actor Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen . Allen left school when she was 15 and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills . In 2005 , she made some of her recordings public on Myspace and the publicity resulted in airplay on BBC Radio 1 and a contract with Regal Recordings . Her first mainstream single , `` Smile '' , reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006 . Her debut record , Alright , Still , was well received , selling over 2.6 million copies worldwide and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards , Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards . She began hosting her own talk-show , Lily Allen and Friends , on BBC Three . Her second studio album , It 's Not Me , It 's You , saw a genre shift , having more of an electropop feel , rather than the ska and reggae influences of the first one . The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Australian ARIA Charts and was well received by critics , noting the singer 's musical evolution and maturity . It spawned the hit singles `` The Fear '' and `` Fuck You '' . This success saw her receive the Brit Award for British Female Solo Artist at the 2010 Brit Awards . Allen and Amy Winehouse were credited with starting a process that led to the `` year of the women '' media label in 2009 that saw five female artists making music of `` experimentalism and fearlessness '' nominated for the Mercury Prize . In 2009 , Allen announced that she would be taking a hiatus from musical activities . In 2011 , she launched her own record label . In 2013 , Allen revealed that she had begun working on her third studio album , which was later titled Sheezus . On 12 November 2013 , Allen premiered the video for her first original song since 2009 , `` Hard out Here '' , which was released as a single five days later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283", "text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical", "title": "" }, { "docid": "952891228db59a91ed6fa6f9859472d5", "text": "London Children's Ballet The London Children 's Ballet ( LCB ) is a registered charitable trust created in 1994 . LCB was formed to give children the experience of performing as part of a company , in a professionally produced , full length ballet at a professional theatre . LCB provides opportunities to dance for children from many diverse backgrounds and the experience is free . Performances are staged annually at the Peacock Theatre , in the West End , London 's famous theatre district . These performances include the staging of original productions , which have sold out every year since the company was established . The company is also involved in a number of smaller projects . The '' # 1 outreach matinees '' enable the public to see a ballet at an affordable price and LCB2 is a touring company which visits venues where people are unable to attend the theatre , including hospitals , community centres , hospices and schools . These tours are produced around the year so as to provide opportunities for children all-year-round . To dance in a LCB production , children must first attend an audition , designed to assess their suitability to take part . Successful candidates then meet for weekly rehearsals on a Sunday in the lead up to the performance , ensuring there is no disruption to their academic education . LCB organises an annual summer school , lasting a week and catering for one hundred children . The summer school consists of a range of workshops , where the children take classes in ballet and other dance forms such as jazz , and also study choreography . Older children also take part in a one-day tour , taking their summer school production to elderly homes around London . The LCB also provides a venue for recently graduated composers , choreographers and designers from the Wimbledon College of Art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "423dcd764fdaa2e18c5c5a8f426f0df7", "text": "Lily L. Allen Lily L. Allen ( 30 December 1867 -- 14 February 1952 ) was an important author of the time . Allen was born to John Oram and Jane ( Talbott ) Oram at Newport , County Mayo , Ireland on 30 December 1867 . In her twenties Lily joined the Bible Christian Church and for a time was known as Sister Lily while she worked in the East London slums . She was a local preacher for the church and conducted missions over a wide area of the West Country . It was when conducting a mission in South Wales that she met her future husband and fellow writer James Allen , of Ilfracombe . They were married at Weston Bampfylde Church in May 1895 . Her daughter Nora Allen wrote of her : ¨ She was a beautiful woman with large brown eyes , dark brown hair , which became white rather early in life , very good features and , to the last , an upright carriage . She had a striking personality and was in many ways an individualist . Her religious outlook was undoubtedly influenced by her husband , for after her marriage she inclined more towards the unorthodox . On account of this , she was `` excommunicated '' from the Bible Christian Church and returned to the Church of England , in which she had been brought up , though she did not continue as a practising member . She was a strict vegetarian . In home life , she was thoroughly domesticated , an excellent cook and enjoyed the running and work of the house . After her husband 's death in 1912 , Lily continued the publication of his magazine , `` The Epoch '' , until failing sight forced her to give it up . She wrote several books , mainly on the lines of the power of thought and character building , but these never made the same impact on the public as those of James Allen . Allen died at Ilfracombe , England on 14 February 1952 , aged 84 . The books of both the Allens are still in print today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88ed35e1854984cb752de36be3020cf1", "text": "Homegrown Hollywood Homegrown Hollywood was a late-night television show aired by BBC2 in the United Kingdom in July 2005 . Presented by James King , the show consisted of a series of short films or productions made by amateur , independent film-makers , ranging from students to independent studios , thus offering these people a showcase for their productions . The short films varied in duration from 1 to 30 minutes . It was produced by the BBC , with two BBC staff ( the producer , Kuldip Dhadda and a production co-ordinator ) as well as BBC intern , Joan Brogan and three others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2110825d0afd99f9bb63194ad4ae05cc", "text": "Sparkhouse Sparkhouse is a BBC drama , originally shown on BBC One from 1 to 8 September 2002 . Written by Sally Wainwright , it is a modern take on Wuthering Heights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbd629457f7ca43f6a0c390d5902159b", "text": "The Duchess of Duke Street The Duchess of Duke Street is a BBC television drama series set in London between 1900 and 1925 . It was created by John Hawkesworth , previously the producer of the ITV period drama Upstairs , Downstairs . It starred Gemma Jones as Louisa Leyton/Trotter , the eponymous `` Duchess '' who works her way up from servant to renowned cook to proprietrix of the upper-class Bentinck Hotel in Duke Street , St. James 's , in London . The story is loosely based on the real-life career of Rosa Lewis ( née Ovenden ) , the `` Duchess of Jermyn Street '' , who ran the Cavendish Hotel in London . When the show first aired , there were many people who still remembered her , as she lived until 1952 . According to census returns , she was born in Leyton , Essex , to a watchmaker . In the series , Louisa 's family name is Leyton , and her father is a clock-maker . The programme lasted for two series totalling 31 episodes , shown in 1976 and 1977 . It was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Limited Series in 1980 . The theme music was composed by Alexander Faris .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8cdbc70ab52fcdd84b5f8e28f997fa41", "text": "Julia Jekyll and Harriet Hyde Julia Jekyll and Harriet Hyde was a British children 's television series which aired on BBC One in the UK for 53 episodes between 1995 and 1998 . The programme was a comedy with its premise being loosely based on Robert Louis Stevenson 's Gothic novella , Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "874996477f7f5e17bd46d29e180ca01a", "text": "That Mitchell and Webb Sound That Mitchell and Webb Sound is a comedy sketch show on BBC Radio 4 which started on 28 August 2003 . A second series was broadcast in 2005 with a third starting on 24 May 2007 . The series became adapted for television as That Mitchell and Webb Look in 2006 . The series is seen in some ways a follow-up to The Mitchell and Webb Situation , a sketch show shown on Play UK in 2001 . That Mitchell and Webb Sound returned to BBC Radio 4 for a fourth series in 2009 , the first episode broadcasting on 25 August 2009 . A fifth series was announced in September 2013 , and began transmission on 26 November 2013 . The series stars David Mitchell and Robert Webb who also write a fair amount of the material . Also performing in the show are James Bachman and regular Mitchell and Webb collaborator Olivia Colman . Sarah Hadland joined the cast for the fourth series . Apart from Mitchell and Webb , a fair proportion of the sketches are written by the other cast members and other writers . These include Jesse Armstrong and Sam Bain ( the writers of Peep Show , in which Mitchell and Webb star ) , Mark Evans , David Quantick , Jonathan Dryden Taylor , Toby Davies , Simon Kane and John Finnemore . It is produced by Gareth Edwards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54ad3e3989f7cfe79497c848e384f212", "text": "Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch The Queen 's Theatre is a 500-seat producing theatre located in Hornchurch in the London Borough of Havering , east London . The theatre opened in its current purpose-built site on Billet Lane , Hornchurch in 1975 . From 1953 to 1975 the theatre had occupied a converted , and for some time derelict , cinema on Station Lane ( the site of the present Ripon House development ) that had been used for storage during the Second World War . The theatre originally opened in the coronation year of Queen Elizabeth II and its name reflects this . The opening production was See How They Run . The building deteriorated and the London Borough of Havering built the new theatre . It was opened by Sir Peter Hall in April 1975 , with a production of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat . Home to the original productions of the award-winning Return to the Forbidden Planet and Blood Brothers , performers such as Maggie Smith , Martin Shaw , Joan Plowright , Prunella Scales , Nigel Hawthorn , Carol Sloman , Lucy Benjamin , Gemma Salter , Bernard Cribbins , Conn O'Neill and theatre-makers and artists David Eldridge , Chris Bond , Bob Carlton , Bob Eaton , Glen Walford , Nichola McAuliffe , Tim Firth , Dan Murphy and Richard O'Brien the Queen 's Theatre , over its 60 plus year history , has built a track record in creating the best in live entertainment . The theatre 's current artistic director is Douglas Rintoul who was appointed in 2015 . The theatre 's previous artistic directors include Bob Carlton , Marina Calderone and Bob Tomson . The Queen 's Theatre produces over eights shows a year and has a vibrant learning and participatory programme engaging over 11,000 participants annually , enabling people to express themselves and their stories through the arts . The Queen 's Theatre works with educational institutions , amateur theatre groups , professional arts groups and wellbeing organizations , but is also widely connected to the larger theatre landscape in the UK and abroad . Current partnerships include co-productions with the New Wolsey Theatre Ipswich , Salisbury Playhouse , Watford Palace Theatre , Rifco , Sell a Door and The Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg . Behind the scenes there is a carpentry workshop , scenic artists and a wardrobe department creating sets and costumes on-site . The theatre was honoured with a visit from HM The Queen in 2003 , the theatre 's fiftieth anniversary , and in 2013 the theatre celebrated its Diamond Jubilee . The Queen 's Theatre is a registered charity and receives regular funding from the London Borough of Havering and is an Arts Council of England National Portfolio Organisation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52a0cef3c12503f0c207fc6d2e4b8687", "text": "BBC Entertainment BBC Entertainment is an international television channel broadcasting comedy , drama , light entertainment , reality and children 's programming ( some regions only ) from the BBC , Channel 4 and other UK production houses . The channel broadcasts regional versions to suit local demands and replaces BBC Prime . It is wholly owned by BBC Worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c5e41e1e87b8d93bc553aaf3af73a24", "text": "When the Boat Comes In When the Boat Comes In is a British television period-drama produced by the BBC between 1976 and 1981 . The series stars James Bolam as Jack Ford , a First World War veteran who returns to his poverty-stricken ( fictional ) town of Gallowshield in the North East of England . The series dramatises the political struggles of the 1920s and 1930s and explores the impact of national and international politics upon Ford and the people around him . The memorable traditional tune `` When The Boat Comes In '' was adapted by David Fanshawe and sung by Alex Glasgow for the title theme of the series . Fanshawe also composed the incidental music . The BBC revived the series in 1981 , with the fourth series telling the story of Jack Ford as he returns to Britain penniless , after six years spent bootlegging in the United States , and follows him as he sets up in London . The series ' creator James Mitchell also wrote three tie-in books to the T.V. show : When the Boat Comes In , When the Boat Comes In : The Hungry Years and When the Boat Comes In : Upwards and Onwards . The final book brings the reader up to date with the end of the second series of the TV show . The majority of episodes were written by creator Mitchell , but in Season 1 north-eastern writers Tom Hadaway , Sid Chaplin and Alex Glasgow contributed episodes , and in Season 3 Jeremy Burnham and Colin Morris shared writing duties with Mitchell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f420ffccf61af7fd99adc097feaceada", "text": "Lily Tyler Lily Tyler ( previously Moore ) is a fictional character in the USA Network science fiction television series The 4400 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d00208dd9e7b2b5e5b51fa7167b7f205", "text": "At Home with the Braithwaites At Home with the Braithwaites is a British comedy-drama television series , created and written by Sally Wainwright ( except for the final four episodes ) . The storyline follows a suburban family from Leeds , whose life is turned upside down when the mother of the family wins 38 million pounds on the lottery . It was broadcast on ITV and produced by Yorkshire Television for 26 episodes , from 20 January 2000 to 9 April 2003 . At the beginning of the first series , each member of the Braithwaite family has an issue . Alison ( mother ) has to decide what to do with the winnings , and when to tell her family . David ( father ) is having an affair with Elaine , his secretary at work . Virginia ( eldest daughter ) is on the verge of dropping out of university . Sarah ( middle daughter ) has a crush on her drama teacher . Charlotte ( youngest daughter ) suspects that her mother may be the mystery lottery winner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9c710a66a79118edd9b5bab5dd91a37", "text": "The Palace For the arena , see The Palace of Auburn Hills . For the hotel , see The New York Palace Hotel . See also Palace ( disambiguation ) . The Palace was a British drama television series that aired on ITV in 2008 . Produced by Company Pictures for the ITV network , it was created by Tom Grieves and follows a fictional British Royal Family in the aftermath of the death of King James III and the succession of his 24-year-old son , King Richard IV , played by Rupert Evans . It also stars Jane Asher and Zoe Telford . The series was filmed on location in Lithuania in 2007 and broadcast from 14 January to 3 March 2008 . It was cancelled after one series due to low viewing figures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a77d7d86f878860e7129fb40a404019b", "text": "The Vicar of Dibley The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom which originally ran on BBC One from 10 November 1994 to 22 January 1998 ( with three sets of specials in the Winters of 1999/2000 , 2004/5 and 2006/7 ) . It is set in a fictional small Oxfordshire village called Dibley , which is assigned a female vicar following the 1992 changes in the Church of England that permitted the ordination of women . In ratings terms , the programme is among the most successful in the digital era , with the various Christmas and New Year specials in 1999 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 and 2007 all entering the top 10 programmes of the year . The Vicar of Dibley received multiple British Comedy Awards ( including a Best TV Comedy Actress Award for Emma Chambers ) , two International Emmys , and was a multiple British Academy Television Awards nominee . In 2004 , it placed third in a BBC poll of Britain 's Best Sitcom . The series has also done six charity special shorts , for Comic Relief , the most recent in 2015 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b4eeab4f519e4b4cca38b81f3aa2280a
Legally Blonde was scripted by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith and stars Reese Witherspoon.
[ { "docid": "f6ef54a4bbd5c0cb7b50a94d78ce8305", "text": "Legally Blonde Legally Blonde is a 2001 American comedy film adapted from the novel of the same title by Amanda Brown . It was directed by Robert Luketic , scripted by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith , and stars Reese Witherspoon , Luke Wilson , Selma Blair , Matthew Davis , Victor Garber , and Jennifer Coolidge . The film tells the story of Elle Woods , a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend by getting a law degree . The film was released on July 13 , 2001 , and received positive reviews from critics . The critics ' consensus states that `` though the material is predictable and formulaic , Reese Witherspoon 's funny , nuanced performance makes this movie better than it would have been otherwise '' . It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture : Musical or Comedy and ranked 29th on Bravo 's 2007 list of `` 100 Funniest Movies '' . Witherspoon received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and the 2002 MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance . The box-office success led to a 2003 sequel , Red , White & Blonde , and a 2009 direct-to-DVD spin-off , Legally Blondes . Additionally , Legally Blonde : The Musical premiered on January 23 , 2007 , in San Francisco and opened in New York City at the Palace Theatre on Broadway on April 29 , 2007 , starring Laura Bell Bundy .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92148a39cdb695da63a7350c7facae1e", "text": "Election (1999 film) Election is a 1999 American black comedy-drama film directed and written by Alexander Payne and adapted by him and Jim Taylor from Tom Perrotta 's 1998 novel of the same title . The plot revolves around a high school election and satirizes both suburban high school life and politics . The film stars Matthew Broderick as Jim McAllister , a popular high school social studies teacher in suburban Omaha , Nebraska , and Reese Witherspoon as Tracy Flick , around the time of the school 's student body election . When Tracy qualifies to run for class president , McAllister believes she does not deserve the title and tries his best to stop her from winning . Although a box office bomb , Election received critical acclaim . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay , a Golden Globe nomination for Witherspoon in the Best Actress category , and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13849c03deb672a55b0ebb35ae6962ab", "text": "The Soap Opera Encyclopedia (Schemering book) The Soap Opera Encyclopedia is a 1985 reference book by Christopher Schemering which assembles comprehensive information about all daytime and prime time soap operas broadcast up to the date of publication . It was revised and reprinted in 1987 and 1988 , but is currently out of print . The Soap Opera Encyclopedia features commentary , analysis and criticism of `` every daytime and prime-time television soap opera broadcast on the three major networks , as well as a selection of syndicated , cable , and foreign efforts . '' It also discusses background , significant storylines and impact of each program , and lists performers and characters . Schemering also includes a `` Short History of Television Soap Opera , '' as well as profiles of major performers , writers and producers in the genre in a section entitled `` Who 's Who in Soap Opera . '' Finally , the book contains 30 pages of photos from various programs . Published in a time before the internet , the Encyclopedia was a primary source of background information and commentary on soap opera ; it and Schemering have been quoted in various articles , books and web pages . It was revised and reprinted in 1987 and 1988 . According to the Encyclopedia , Schemering `` spent fifteen years collecting memorabilia and information about the soap opera phenomenon '' and wrote a syndicated column on the genre . He was also a regular contributor to The Washington Post Book World and had published film and television articles in The New Republic , USA Today , the Chicago Tribune , the San Francisco Chronicle , the New York Daily News and other publications . Schemering is also the author of Guiding Light : A 50th Anniversary Celebration ( 1986 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2238ee8052d0abbd8f49ca4e52887840", "text": "Kirsten Dunst Kirsten Caroline Dunst ( -LSB- ˈkɪərstən -RSB- born April 30 , 1982 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in Woody Allen 's short film Oedipus Wrecks for the anthology film New York Stories ( 1989 ) . At the age of twelve , Dunst gained widespread recognition as Claudia in Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , a role for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . She appeared in Little Women the same year and in Jumanji the following year . After a recurring role in the third season of the NBC medical drama ER ( 1996 -- 97 ) as Charlie Chemingo and starring in films such as Wag the Dog ( 1997 ) , Small Soldiers ( 1998 ) , the 1998 English dub of Kiki 's Delivery Service ( 1989 ) , and The Virgin Suicides ( 1999 ) , Dunst began making romantic comedies and comedy-dramas , starring in Drop Dead Gorgeous ( 1999 ) , Bring It On ( 2000 ) , Get Over It and Crazy/Beautiful ( both released in 2001 ) . Dunst achieved fame for her portrayal of Mary Jane Watson in Sam Raimi 's Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 07 ) . Since then , her films have included the romantic comedy Wimbledon ( 2004 ) , the science fiction romantic comedy-drama Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind ( 2004 ) and Cameron Crowe 's romantic tragicomedy Elizabethtown ( 2005 ) . She played the title role in Sofia Coppola 's biographical film Marie Antoinette ( 2006 ) and starred in the comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People ( 2008 ) . She won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival and the Saturn Award for Best Actress for her performance in Lars von Trier 's Melancholia ( 2011 ) . She starred in the second season of the television series Fargo in 2015 , playing the role of Peggy Blumquist , a hairdresser who gets mixed up in a war between two crime families . Her performance garnered widespread critical acclaim , leading to her winning the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Actress and being nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie . In 2001 , Dunst made her singing debut in the film Get Over It , in which she performed two songs . She also sang the jazz song `` After You 've Gone '' for the end credits of the film The Cat 's Meow ( 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd", "text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcad58bc084bf32fe0f8e52bfcbc2009", "text": "Charles Herman-Wurmfeld Charles Herman-Wurmfeld ( born July 5 , 1966 ) is an American film director . He directed the movies Kissing Jessica Stein and Legally Blonde 2 : Red , White & Blonde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da21ac655b3987384f5be09cfa6895a9", "text": "Mary Pat Gleason Mary Pat Gleason ( born February 23 , 1950 ) is an American film and television actress and an Emmy Award winning writer . From 1983 -- 85 , she appeared on The Guiding Light as Jane Hogan . Since the early 1980s she has appeared on such television series as Full House , Dear John , Murphy Brown , Empty Nest , L.A. Law , Saved by the Bell , Murder , She Wrote , Friends , Step by Step , Suddenly Susan , Will & Grace , Sex and the City , Desperate Housewives , Family Matters , NCIS : Los Angeles , The Middleman , Up All Night , 1600 Penn , Motive , Baby Daddy , Grey 's Anatomy , Partners , Mama 's Family , Two Broke Girls and Mom . She has appeared in such feature films as I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry , Basic Instinct , Traffic , Bruce Almighty , 13 Going on 30 , The Crucible , Bottle Shock , A Cinderella Story , The Island , Killing Kennedy and Nina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "855c0051d9a5611d180b496c2966beb8", "text": "This Year's Blonde This Year 's Blonde is a 1980 low-budgeted American television drama film , based on the Garson Kanin novel Moviola about 1950s sex symbol Marilyn Monroe . The movie starred Constance Forslund as Monroe Lloyd Bridges as Johnny Hyde and Norman Fell and was presented as part of a 3-night TV special event on NBC called Moviola : A Hollywood Saga . This Year 's Blonde was the first of two TV movies about Monroe in 1980 . The second being , Marilyn : The Untold Story , starring Catherine Hicks . Both movies have been overshadowed by more big-budgeted theatrical films about the star .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c40546fac2765832261dbc9b5bb85f1", "text": "Wild (2014 film) Wild is a 2014 American biographical survival drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The screenplay by Nick Hornby is based on Cheryl Strayed 's 2012 memoir Wild : From Lost to Found on the Pacific Crest Trail . The film stars Reese Witherspoon as Strayed , alongside Laura Dern ( as Strayed 's mother ) , with Thomas Sadoski , Michiel Huisman and Gaby Hoffmann among several others in supporting roles . The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on August 29 , 2014 , and was released theatrically on December 3 , 2014 , in North America . Wild opened to positive critical reviews , with much praise going toward the performances of Reese Witherspoon and Laura Dern . Both actresses received Academy Award nominations for their performances , in the categories of Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress , respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1dd0ac75995cca85e44735bdf2c861e", "text": "I Know What You Did Last Summer I Know What You Did Last Summer is a 1997 American slasher film written by Kevin Williamson and directed by Jim Gillespie . The film is loosely based on the 1973 novel of the same name by Lois Duncan . The film also draws inspiration from the urban legend known as The Hook . The film stars Jennifer Love Hewitt , Sarah Michelle Gellar , Ryan Phillippe and Freddie Prinze , Jr. , with Anne Heche , Bridgette Wilson , and Johnny Galecki appearing in supporting roles . I Know What You Did Last Summer centers on four friends who are being stalked by a killer , one year after covering up a car accident in which they were involved . The film was directed by Jim Gillespie , from a screenplay written by Kevin Williamson , writer of Scream . I Know What You Did Last Summer received mixed reviews from critics , but was commercially successful , grossing over $ 125 million at the box office . It was also nominated for and won multiple awards . As a result , the film has been parodied and referenced in popular culture . The film was followed by two sequels , I Still Know What You Did Last Summer ( 1998 ) and the straight-to-DVD release I 'll Always Know What You Did Last Summer ( 2006 ) . Though the former film sees a continuation of the plotline established in its predecessor , the latter film establishes a new plotline and does not star any cast members from the previous two installments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3814db93eb12d17f9d8d38b5826c8f37", "text": "Karen Johnson (producer) Karen Johnson is an American television soap opera director , producer , writer and editor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6aff1d7f80522db9808e8fcdc522b1a", "text": "The Rules of Attraction (film) The Rules of Attraction is a 2002 black comedy film written and directed by Roger Avary , based on the novel of the same name by Bret Easton Ellis . It stars James van der Beek , Shannyn Sossamon , Ian Somerhalder , Jessica Biel , Kate Bosworth , and Kip Pardue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "555a5a7dac15c21d26de7b759baddecc", "text": "Sidney Sheldon Sidney Sheldon ( February 11 , 1917 -- January 30 , 2007 ) was an American writer and producer . He came to prominence in the 1930s , first working on Broadway plays and then in motion pictures , notably writing the successful comedy The Bachelor and the Bobby Soxer ( 1947 ) which earned him an Academy Award . He went on to work in television , where his works spanned a 20-year period during which he created The Patty Duke Show ( 1963 -- 66 ) , I Dream of Jeannie ( 1965 -- 70 ) and Hart to Hart ( 1979 -- 84 ) . He became most famous after he turned 50 and began writing best-selling romantic suspense novels , such as Master of the Game ( 1982 ) , The Other Side of Midnight ( 1973 ) and Rage of Angels ( 1980 ) . He is the seventh best selling fiction writer of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0", "text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "500199d799085448fa585ada22eace95", "text": "John H. Reese John Henry Reese ( 18 December 1910 -- 15 August 1981 ) was an American author of Western and Crime Fiction . He won the prestigious 1952 New York Herald Tribune award for his first children 's book , Big Mutt . He produced more than 40 Western novels and well over three hundred short stories . His first novel Sheehan 's Mill , not in the Western genre , was published by Doubleday in 1943 , during wartime publishing restrictions . Reese was born in Sweetwater , Nebraska , and died in Santa Maria , California . He went to school in Nebraska and Kansas . `` I was the eldest of six children of a very poor couple . My father was a horse breaker and former cavalryman ; my mother was the daughter of a frontier blacksmith and woodworker . I may be the last professional writer who talked to those survivors of the 1880s and 1890s and who grew up in the same environment . It was a specialized education for one job alone , the one I have . '' He married Margaret Smith in 1938 , was divorced , and married Norma Spivack in 1962 . Altogether he had seven children , one of whom was adopted . In addition to writing , John H. Reese worked for the U.S. Department of Internal Revenue and as a reporter for the Los Angeles Examiner in California and as a free-lance for newspapers in Mexico . His first Western novel was Signal Guns at Sunup written under the pseudonym of John Jo Carpenter . He is survived by his great granddaughter Kim who is also a published author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e445a5f07fb30d87953690880a8cdf8a", "text": "Claudia Shear Claudia Shear ( born September 12 , 1962 ) is an American actress and playwright . She was nominated for the Tony Award , Best Play and Best Actress for her play Dirty Blonde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1961f1ca565e6780dc18fb42924d533c", "text": "Mark L. Smith Mark L. Smith is an American screenwriter .", "title": "" } ]
fever
dd9ef9c1275761419dbdb6c50763875a
Major League Soccer playoffs does not go through November and December.
[ { "docid": "8d1b8cd5008b50ac041b0649e760c4fc", "text": "Major League Soccer Major League Soccer ( MLS ) is a men 's professional soccer league , sanctioned by U.S. Soccer , that represents the sport 's highest level in both the United States and Canada . MLS constitutes one of the major professional sports leagues of the United States and Canada . The league comprises 22 teams -- 19 in the U.S. and 3 in Canada . The MLS regular season runs from March to October , with each team playing 34 games ; the team with the best record is awarded the Supporters ' Shield . The postseason includes twelve teams competing in the MLS Cup Playoffs through November and December , culminating in the championship game , the MLS Cup . MLS teams also play in other domestic competitions against teams from other divisions in the U.S. Open Cup and in the Canadian Championship . MLS teams also compete against continental rivals in the CONCACAF Champions League . Major League Soccer was founded in 1993 as part of the United States ' successful bid to host the 1994 FIFA World Cup . The first season took place in 1996 with ten teams . MLS experienced financial and operational struggles in its first few years : The league lost millions of dollars , teams played in mostly empty American football stadiums , and two teams folded in 2002 . Since then , MLS has expanded to 22 teams , owners built soccer-specific stadiums , average MLS attendance exceeds that of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) and National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , MLS secured national TV contracts , and the league is now profitable . Instead of operating as an association of independently owned teams , MLS is a single entity in which each team is owned and controlled by the league 's investors . The investor-operators control their teams as owners control teams in other leagues , and are commonly ( but inaccurately ) referred to as the team 's owners . The league has a fixed membership , like most sports leagues in the United States and Canada , which makes it one of the world 's few soccer leagues that does not use promotion and relegation , a practice that is uncommon in the two countries . MLS headquarters is located in New York City .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7afe989f1ed8faa19c9b54355d7f6bca", "text": "2016 National Women's Soccer League season The 2016 National Women 's Soccer League season is the fourth season of the National Women 's Soccer League , the top division of women 's soccer in the United States . Including the NWSL 's two professional predecessors , Women 's Professional Soccer ( 2009 -- 2011 ) and the Women 's United Soccer Association ( 2001 -- 2003 ) , it is the tenth overall season of FIFA and USSF-sanctioned top division women 's soccer in the United States . The league is operated by the United States Soccer Federation and receives major financial backing from that body . Further financial backing is expected to be provided by the Canadian Soccer Association . Both national federations pay the league salaries of many of their respective national team members in an effort to nurture talent in those nations . To accommodate the 2016 Olympics the league suspended play for most of the month of August . In addition , the league did not schedule games during FIFA windows , leaving the 20-game , 19-week regular season ending in late September for the second year in a row .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a14216623aa6775a17b2b2b97903e049", "text": "2012 Los Angeles Galaxy season The 2012 Los Angeles Galaxy season was the club 's 18th year of existence as well as their 17th season in Major League Soccer ( MLS ) and their 17th consecutive year in the top-flight of American soccer . The Galaxy entered the season as both the defending MLS Cup and Supporters ' Shield winners . The 2012 campaign was highlighted by the Galaxy successfully defending their MLS Cup title , defeating Houston Dynamo , 3 -- 1 , in the MLS Cup final to win their fourth ever MLS Cup championship , tying D.C. United for the most league championships in MLS history , and the second most in North American history . Although Los Angeles defended their MLS Cup trophy , the club failed to defend the Supporters ' Shield , losing on point differential to their upstate rivals , the San Jose Earthquakes on point total . Most of this is to blame due to poorer performance early on in the season , before a second-half season resurgence . Elsewhere , the Galaxy also competed in 2012 Desert Diamond Cup , winning the preseason tournament , the 2011 -- 12 and 2012 -- 13 CONCACAF Champions League , as well as the 2012 U.S. Open Cup . In the 2011 -- 12 edition of the Champions League , the Galaxy reached the quarterfinals before losing 4 -- 3 on aggregate to Canadian side , Toronto FC . In the 2012 -- 13 edition , the Galaxy won their group for the second straight year , and reached the knockout round , which will be played during the 2013 campaign . Finally , the Galaxy were eliminated in the third round proper of the Open Cup losing to second-tier North American Soccer League outfit , Carolina RailHawks . In noncompetitive tournaments , the Galaxy hosted Spanish club , Real Madrid , in the 2012 World Football Challenge , losing the exhibition match , 1 -- 5 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3", "text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cce8448d93b60c962d08aeb35f4f5b90", "text": "2003 D.C. United season The 2003 D.C. United season was the clubs ' ninth year of existence , as well as their seventh season in Major League Soccer . Led by Ray Hudson , D.C. United 's 2003 campaign was highlighted by the club 's return to the MLS Cup Playoffs , their first postseason appearance since 1999 . In the playoffs , United who did n't qualify for the playoffs until the final day of the regular season , took on the Eastern Conference regular season champions , Chicago Fire . The Fire defeated United 4 -- 0 on aggregates in the conference semifinals , winning each leg by a 2 -- 0 margin of victory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d8fcb481712f12c3a140f312deb1719", "text": "Soccer Bowl 2014 Soccer Bowl 2014 was the North American Soccer League 's postseason championship match of the 2014 season to determine the NASL Champion . The event was contested in a one-game match between the San Antonio Scorpions ( Fall Season champions ) and the Fort Lauderdale Strikers . San Antonio defeated the New York Cosmos 2-1 in their semi-final match while Fort Lauderdale defeated Minnesota United FC ( Spring Season champions ) in a penalty shootout 5 -- 4 after a 1 -- 1 tie in the other semi-final game . The match was played on November 15 , 2014 at Toyota Field , in San Antonio , Texas and televised live on ESPN3 , ONE World Sports , NASLLive.com as well as on San Antonio 's MeTV KSAT 12.2 and Fort Lauderdale 's Sofloradio.com . This was the Scorpions first Soccer Bowl championship . The Soccer Bowl trophy is the third oldest men 's professional outdoor soccer league prize in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acbc132b3fbff5def1e512dff97145ed", "text": "2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 . United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final . United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fabbd484a2d1a632999f1c7d1215dd5", "text": "2013 New England Revolution season The 2013 New England Revolution season was the team 's eighteenth year of existence , all in Major League Soccer . The team also participated in the Desert Diamond Cup and Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup . The season began with a 1-0 win at the Chicago Fire on March 9 and concluded with a 1-0 win at Columbus Crew on October 27 . That victory saw the Revolution make the playoffs for the first time since the 2009 season . The team lost 4-3 on aggregate to eventual champions Sporting Kansas City in the Conference Semifinals of the 2013 MLS Cup Playoffs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75d30ab03a1caa746f1c6c5883f7b665", "text": "2008 Chivas USA season The 2007 Chivas USA season was the club 's third season of existence , and their third in Major League Soccer , the top flight of American soccer . The club competed in the MLS 's Western Conference , where they finished in first place , in their Conference , qualifying for the Playoffs for the second time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6daf45f928b4e204f033d7c531646d9", "text": "Salvadoran Primera División The Primera División of the Liga de Fútbol Profesional ( Professional Football League ) , more commonly known as La Liga Mayor or La Primera , is the top professional football league in El Salvador . It was established in 1969 and in 2011 had 10 clubs . Initially the league was run as a year-long tournament , but since 1998 there are two tournaments each year , much like in many other football leagues in the Americas . The Apertura season runs from August to December , while the Clausura season runs from February to July .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34878c78bd4cadfd769b1df973e42dfb", "text": "SuperClasico The SuperClasico , formerly known as the Honda SuperClasico for sponsorship reasons , and also known as the L.A. Derby or El Clásico Angelino , was a sports rivalry between Major League Soccer teams LA Galaxy and Chivas USA . The rivalry was considered as the only `` true '' local derby in MLS from 2005 until 2014 , as both teams were based in the StubHub Center in the Greater Los Angeles city of Carson , California . The rivalry ended in 2014 when Chivas ceased operations . The word `` SuperClasico '' is an allegory to the Mexican Súper Clásico between Club América and Chivas USA 's parent club Chivas Guadalajara . The term `` Clásico '' is commonly used to refer to other rivalries in Spanish-speaking countries , most prominently , Argentina 's Superclásico between Boca Juniors and River Plate or Spain 's El Clásico between Barcelona and Real Madrid . The derby was sponsored by auto company Honda . From 2005 -- 2007 , the derby was four league matches ( with a Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup match in 2005 ) . In 2008 -- 2009 , the derby was played three times ( plus a two-legged playoff series in 2009 ) . For 2010-2011 , the derby was played twice each season . All games were played at StubHub Center , the local venue for both teams . However , in 2012 , the league reverted to a more American-style format that sacrificed equity for divisional rivalries which resulted in the teams facing each other 3 times again . The Galaxy led Chivas in the derby , winning eight of nine cups all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdd4ffb028dd2b0d89aee1c1bb12c389", "text": "2001–02 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 2001 season began on January 12 , 2002 . The postseason tournament concluded with the New England Patriots defeating the St. Louis Rams in Super Bowl XXXVI , 20 -- 17 , on February 3 , at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans , Louisiana . For the first time , the NFL scheduled prime time playoff games for the first two rounds in an attempt to attract more television viewers . Saturday wild card and divisional playoff games were moved from 12:30 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. EST to 4:30 p.m. and 8:00 p.m. , respectively . Thus , the league abandoned its practice of scheduling colder , northern playoff games for daylight hours only ; any stadium , regardless of evening January temperatures , could host prime time playoff games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ffb388d67661bc579752cfb07a77db1", "text": "2014 Sporting Kansas City season The 2014 Sporting Kansas City season was the nineteenth season of the team 's existence in Major League Soccer and the fourth year played under the Sporting Kansas City moniker . Sporting Kansas City entered the season in the 2013 -- 14 CONCACAF Champions League championship stage for the first time in franchise history . Sporting Kansas City also entered the season as the defending MLS Cup champion , after beating Real Salt Lake in PKs in the MLS Cup 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a", "text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3374c533b1753354dd23db56f4f35d7", "text": "Designated Player Rule The Designated Player Rule , nicknamed the Beckham Rule , was adopted as part of the salary cap regulations of Major League Soccer for the 2007 season . The rule allows each MLS franchise to sign players that would be considered outside of the team 's salary cap ( either by offering the player higher wages or by paying a transfer fee for the player ) , allowing MLS teams to compete for star players in the international soccer market . Clubs have the option to use allocation money against a player 's contract , so to avoid a player with a Designated Player level salary using one of the club 's Designated Player slots . As of December 2015 , there have been 114 designated players in the MLS . The rule is informally named after David Beckham , in anticipation of MLS teams signing lucrative deals with internationally recognized players of Beckham 's caliber . Beckham was the first player signed under this rule , signing a five-year contract with the Los Angeles Galaxy with guaranteed annual salary of $ 6.5 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90a86e787a5094297dd9fc7461dcc68d", "text": "Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "170946d9051f0b3605d5e40f9ea0a57d", "text": "2015 Major League Soccer season The 2015 Major League Soccer season featured 20 total clubs ( 17 based in the United States , 3 based in Canada ) . The regular season was held from March 6 through to October 25 , whereas the MLS Cup Playoffs began on October 28 and ended with MLS Cup 2015 on December 6 . The defending MLS Cup champions were the LA Galaxy , while Seattle Sounders FC were the defending Supporters ' Shield winners . It was the first season for expansion teams Orlando City SC and New York City FC , who both joined the Eastern Conference , while both the Houston Dynamo and Sporting Kansas City moved from the Eastern Conference to the Western Conference . Chivas USA folded at the end of the 2014 season . At the end of the regular season , the New York Red Bulls of the Eastern Conference won the Supporters ' Shield , while the team on top of the Western Conference was FC Dallas . The Portland Timbers won their first MLS Cup , winning 2 -- 1 at Columbus Crew SC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4d9fc0c2fc71323d5ca8c922aa91baa", "text": "2011 AFC Champions League knockout stage A total of 16 teams , 8 from West Asia and 8 from East Asia , competed in the 2011 AFC Champions League knockout stage . They included the 8 group winners and the 8 group runners-up from the group stage . Each round of this single-elimination tournament was played over one or two matches . In the round of 16 , each tie was played in one match , hosted by the winners of each group against the runners-up of another group . In the quarter-finals and semi-finals , each tie was played over two legs on a home-and-away basis . The final was hosted by one of the finalists , decided by draw . The away goals rule ( for two-legged ties ) , extra time ( away goals do not apply in extra time ) and penalty shootout would be used to decide the winner if necessary . The matchups for the round of 16 were decided prior to the group stage draw . After the completion of the round of 16 , the draw for the quarter-finals , semi-finals , and final was held in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia on 7 June 2011 . In this draw , the `` country protection '' rule was applied : if there are exactly two clubs from the same country , they may not face each other in the quarter-finals ; however , if there are more than two clubs from the same country , they may face each other in the quarter-finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "919dc8a5f151660c3e6f818c76560ba2", "text": "2017 Canadian Championship The 2017 Canadian Championship ( officially the Amway Canadian Championship for sponsorship reasons ) is a soccer tournament hosted and organized by the Canadian Soccer Association . The 2017 edition sees the introduction of a rule that requires three players to be named in the starting eleven of each participating team who are eligible ( and have declared their intention , if they have otherwise played for another national team ) to play for the Canada men 's national soccer team . Due to the restructuring of the CONCACAF Champions League , the winner of the 2017 Canadian Championship will advance to a playoff against Toronto FC , the winner of the 2016 Canadian Championship , to be hosted by Toronto FC on August 9 , 2017 , for a place in the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League . If Toronto FC were to win the 2017 Canadian Championship then no playoff game will be necessary , and Toronto will have earned a place in the 2018 CONCACAF Champions League automatically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d9778a95152e98cf46ec236c8ac399d", "text": "MLS Cup '98 MLS Cup '98 was the final playoff match of the 1998 Major League Soccer season , the 3rd season of first-division professional soccer in the United States since the collapse of the original North American Soccer League . The match took place on Sunday , 25 October 1998 , at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California , between Chicago Fire Soccer Club and D.C. United . It was the third consecutive appearance in the MLS Cup final by D.C. United and the first appearance by an expansion club ( Chicago ) in the final . Chicago Fire won the match 2-0 , with goals from Jerzy Podbrożny and Diego Gutiérrez . In doing so , Chicago became the first expansion club to win MLS Cup , astonishingly in the team 's inaugural season . The win also completed a domestic double for the Fire , the first American club to win both a league championship and the U.S. Open Cup in a single season . DC in turn became the first team to reach three consecutive finals ( still standing as of date ) and the first club to fail to score . As the top two finishers in the MLS Cup Playoffs , both D.C. United and Chicago Fire earned the right to represent the United States in the 1999 CONCACAF Champions ' Cup . The clubs faced off once again in the third-place match of the continental tournament , almost a year after meeting in MLS Cup ' 98 . That game ended in a 2-2 draw .", "title": "" } ]
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807eafcfc1a877ceb5c7d38c88368dd9
President of the United States Ronald Reagan publicly describe the Soviet Union as an "evil empire."
[ { "docid": "f20243e819481dfbd723eb3e5949fe69", "text": "Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan ( -LSB- ˈrɒnəld_ˈwɪlsən_ˈreɪɡən -RSB- ) ( February 6 , 1911 -- June 5 , 2004 ) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . Before his presidency , he was the 33rd Governor of California , from 1967 to 1975 , after a career as a Hollywood actor and union leader . Raised in a poor family in small towns of northern Illinois , Reagan graduated from Eureka College in 1932 and worked as a sports announcer on several regional radio stations . After moving to Hollywood in 1937 , he became an actor and starred in a few major productions . Reagan was twice elected President of the Screen Actors Guild , the labor union for actors , where he worked to root out Communist influence . In the 1950s , he moved into television and was a motivational speaker at General Electric factories . Having been a lifelong Democrat , his views changed . He became a conservative and in 1962 switched to the Republican Party . In 1964 , Reagan 's speech , `` A Time for Choosing '' , in support of Barry Goldwater 's foundering presidential campaign , earned him national attention as a new conservative spokesman . Building a network of supporters , he was elected Governor of California in 1966 . As governor , Reagan raised taxes , turned a state budget deficit to a surplus , challenged the protesters at the University of California , ordered National Guard troops in during a period of protest movements in 1969 , and was re-elected in 1970 . He twice ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in 1968 and 1976 ; four years later , he easily won the nomination outright , becoming the oldest elected U.S. president up to that time , defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter in 1980 . Entering the presidency in 1981 , Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives . His supply-side economic policies , dubbed `` Reaganomics '' , advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth , control of the money supply to curb inflation , economic deregulation , and reduction in government spending . In his first term he survived an assassination attempt , spurred the War on Drugs , and fought public sector labor . Over his two terms , the economy saw a reduction of inflation from 12.5 % to 4.4 % , and an average annual growth of real GDP of 3.4 ; while Reagan did enact cuts in domestic discretionary spending , tax cuts and increased military spending contributed to increased federal outlays overall , even after adjustment for inflation . During his re-election bid , Reagan campaigned on the notion that it was `` Morning in America '' , winning a landslide in 1984 with the largest electoral college victory in American history . Foreign affairs dominated his second term , including ending of the Cold War , the bombing of Libya , and the Iran -- Contra affair . Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an `` evil empire '' , and during his famous speech at the Brandenburg Gate , President Reagan challenged Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to `` tear down this wall ! '' . He transitioned Cold War policy from détente to rollback , by escalating an arms race with the USSR while engaging in talks with Gorbachev , which culminated in the INF Treaty , shrinking both countries ' nuclear arsenals . Reagan 's presidency came during the decline of the Soviet Union and just ten months after the end of his term , the Berlin Wall fell , and on December 26 , 1991 , nearly three years after he left office , the Soviet Union collapsed . Leaving office in 1989 , Reagan held an approval rating of sixty-eight percent , matching those of Franklin D. Roosevelt , and later Bill Clinton , as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era . He was the first president since Dwight D. Eisenhower to serve two full terms , after a succession of five prior presidents failed to do so . While having planned an active post-presidency , in 1994 Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with Alzheimer 's disease earlier that year , appearing publicly for the last time at the funeral of Richard Nixon ; he died ten years later in 2004 at the age of 93 ; Reagan had the second-longest life out of all the presidents ; the current longest lifespan of a president is held by Gerald Ford , who died two years after Reagan . An icon among Republicans , he is viewed favorably in historian rankings of U.S. presidents , and his tenure constituted a realignment toward conservative policies in the U.S.", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "22bb41cde2b4874f6a216bce82c62b07", "text": "Dictator A dictator is a political leader who wields absolute power . A state ruled by a dictator is called a dictatorship . The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency ( see Roman dictator and justitium ) . Like the term `` tyrant '' ( which was originally a respectable Ancient Greek title ) , and to a lesser degree `` autocrat '' , `` dictator '' came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive , even abusive rule , yet had rare modern titular use . In modern usage , the term `` dictator '' is generally used to describe a leader who holds and/or abuses an extraordinary amount of personal power , especially the power to make laws without effective restraint by a legislative assembly . Dictatorships are often characterised by some of the following traits : suspension of elections and of civil liberties ; proclamation of a state of emergency ; rule by decree ; repression of political opponents without abiding by rule of law procedures ; these include one-party state , and cult of personality . The term `` dictator '' is comparable to but not synonymous with the ancient concept of a tyrant ; initially `` tyrant '' , like `` dictator '' , did not carry negative connotations . A wide variety of leaders coming to power in a number of different kinds of regimes , such as military juntas , one-party states and civilian governments under personal rule , have been described as dictators . They may hold left or right-wing views , or may be apolitical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "340b02fefa26a839001cfe848d4db4bb", "text": "The Red Decade The Red Decade is a term coined by journalist and historian Eugene Lyons to describe a period in American history in the 1930s characterized by a widespread infatuation with communism in general and Stalinism in particular . Lyons believed this idolization of Joseph Stalin and exultation of Bolshevik achievements to have reached its high point in 1938 , running deepest amongst liberals , intellectuals , and journalists and even some government and federal officials . Lyons argues that American intellectuals gave the then-Stalinist Soviet Union ( and by extension , Stalinism ) a certain international goodwill and respectability that it did not deserve .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf30caeee151e95c62798a93683d3acd", "text": "We begin bombing in five minutes On August 11 , 1984 , United States President Ronald Reagan , while running for re-election , was preparing to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio . During a sound check before the address , Reagan made the following joke to the radio technicians : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you today that I 've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever . We begin bombing in five minutes . '' The joke was a parody of the opening line of that day 's speech : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they 've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours , just as other student groups are allowed to do . '' Contrary to popular misconception , this microphone gaffe was not broadcast over the air , but rather leaked later to the general populace . But the Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun reported in October 1984 that the Soviet Far East Army was placed on alert after word of the statement got out and that the alert was not withdrawn until 30 minutes later . An unnamed aide to US Representative Michael Barnes ( D-Md . ) confirmed that the Pentagon was aware of the alert . There was no report of any change in the DEFCON level for the United States . The Soviet reaction , and mild confusion it created , was covered by NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw . This was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address . The Soviet official news agency , TASS , condemned the joke , declaring that `` The USSR condemns this unprecedented and hostile attack by the US President '' and that `` this kind of behavior is incompatible with the great responsibility borne by heads of nuclear states for the destinies of their own people and mankind '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32659355ac829cfdbb19178b66546bf1", "text": "Axis of evil The term axis of evil was used by U.S. President George W. Bush in his State of the Union address on January 29 , 2002 , and often repeated throughout his presidency , to describe governments that his administration accused of sponsoring terrorism and seeking weapons of mass destruction . Iran , Iraq , and North Korea were portrayed by Bush during the State of the Union as building nuclear weapons . The notion of such an axis was used to pinpoint these common enemies of the United States and rally the American populace in support of the War on Terror .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3a288c6aba31c9ccb4dd4ff75fb2a25", "text": "Origins of the Cold War The Origins of the Cold War are widely regarded to lie most directly in the relations between the Soviet Union and the allies ( the United States , Great Britain and France ) in the years 1945 -- 1947 . Those events led to the Cold War that endured for just under half a century . Events preceding the Second World War , and even the Russian Revolution of 1917 , underlay pre -- World War II tensions between the Soviet Union , western European countries and the United States . A series of events during and after World War II exacerbated tensions , including the Soviet-German pact during the first two years of the war leading to subsequent invasions , the perceived delay of an amphibious invasion of German-occupied Europe , the western allies ' support of the Atlantic Charter , disagreement in wartime conferences over the fate of Eastern Europe , the Soviets ' creation of an Eastern Bloc of Soviet satellite states , western allies scrapping the Morgenthau Plan to support the rebuilding of German industry , and the Marshall Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef1eaf5ef473a1a46a5c968e0abb2494", "text": "Mutual Defense Assistance Act The Mutual Defense Assistance Act was a United States Act of Congress signed by President Harry S. Truman on 6 October 1949 . For US Foreign policy , it was the first U.S. military foreign aid legislation of the Cold War era , and initially to Europe . The Act followed Truman 's signing of the Economic Cooperation Act ( the Marshall Plan ) , on April 3 , 1948 , which provided non-military , economic reconstruction and development aid to Europe . The Act was reauthorized in 1950 , but in 1951 , it and the Economic Cooperation Act were succeeded by the Mutual Security Act , and its newly created independent agency , the Mutual Security Administration , to supervise all foreign aid programs , including both military assistance programs and non-military , economic assistance programs that bolstered the defense capability of U.S. allies . About the same time , the Mutual Defense Assistance Control Act of 1951 , also known or referred to as the Battle Act , ( 65 Stat . 644 ; 22 U.S.C. 1611 et seq. ) was also passed ; it banned U.S. assistance to countries doing business with the Soviet Union and was so-named after its sponsor , Representative Laurie C. Battle of Alabama . Strong motivation for this ` control ' act also came from export control concerns , following their tightening by the Export control Act of 1949 over Soviet advances ; export controls were used for both domestic policy and later as an instrument of foreign policy . This is exemplified by the restrictions on export of certain strategic or military items to the Soviet bloc or to other countries which it felt , if permitted , would be detrimental to the foreign policy program of the US . This latter motive became so strong that it brought legislation directing the President to enlist the cooperation of other nations in enacting controls on trade with the Soviet block to parallel those of the United States . The benefits of the various economic and military aid programs were to be withheld from non-cooperating nations . The act covered a wide range of materials needed for the production of weapons , and was especially focused on anything that could aid atomic weapons research and construction . As the Cold War developed , these acts were part of the American policy of containment of Communism . They importantly provided defense assistance to any ally that might be attacked by the Soviet Union or one of its allies , while other programs provided non-military economic assistance . In Asia the programs expanded with the newly established Maoist People 's Republic of China , and other areas , with the development of specific country missions , including ones in Austria ( 1947 -- 50 ) , China ( 1946 -- 48 ) , Ireland ( 1948 -- 51 ) , and Trieste ( 1947 -- 52 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f4eef197ef0fb7765a8d0739494424e", "text": "Iran crisis of 1946 The Iran crisis of 1946 , also known as the Iran-Azerbaijan Crisis ( Qaʾilih Âzarbâyjân , `` Azerbaijan crisis '' ) , followed the end of World War II and stemmed from the Soviet Union 's refusal to relinquish occupied Iranian territory , despite repeated assurances . In 1941 , Iran had been jointly invaded and occupied by the Allied powers of the Soviet Red Army in the north and by the British in the centre and south . Iran was used by the Americans and the British as a transportation route to provide vital supplies to the Soviet Union 's war efforts . As of August 1941 , the United States was a neutral nation and had not yet entered as a belligerent in World War II . Therefore , the bloc known as ` The Allies ' were principally ( with Poland and France occupied by Germany in 1939 and 1940 , respectively ) the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union , recently forming their alliance after the German invasion of territories of the Western Soviet Union in June 1941 . In the aftermath of the occupation of Iran , those Allied forces agreed to withdraw from Iran within six months after the cessation of hostilities . However , when this deadline came in early 1946 , the Soviets , under Joseph Stalin , remained in Iran and local pro-Soviet Iranians proclaimed a separatist People 's Republic of Azerbaijan . In late 1945 , in addition to the People 's Republic of Azerbaijan , the Republic of Mahabad also came into existence . Soon , the alliance of the Kurdish and People 's Azerbaijani forces , supported in arms and training by the Soviet Union , engaged in fighting with Iranian forces , resulting in a total of 2,000 casualties . Negotiation by Iranian premier Ahmad Qavam and diplomatic pressure on the Soviets by the United States eventually led to Soviet withdrawal . The crisis is seen as one of the early conflicts in the growing Cold War at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d475b03daff60609565ec6d715d2883", "text": "Commonwealth of Independent States The Commonwealth of Independent States ( CIS ; -LSB- Содружество Независимых Государств , СНГ , r = Sodruzhestvo Nezavisimykh Gosudarstv , SNG -RSB- ) , also called the Russian Commonwealth ( to distinguish it from the British Commonwealth of Nations ) , is a regional organization formed during the dissolution of the Soviet Union . Nine out of the 15 former Soviet Republics are member states , and two are associate members ( Ukraine and Turkmenistan ) . Georgia withdrew its membership in 2008 , while the Baltic states , which regard their membership in the Soviet Union as an illegal occupation , ( Estonia , Lithuania and Latvia ) chose not to participate . The CIS has few supranational powers but aims to be more than a purely symbolic organization , nominally possessing coordinating powers in the realms of trade , finance , lawmaking , and security . It has also promoted cooperation on cross-border crime prevention . Furthermore , eight of the nine CIS member states participate in the CIS Free Trade Area . Three organizations are under the overview of the CIS , namely the Collective Security Treaty Organization , the Eurasian Economic Union ( alongside subdivisions , the Eurasian Customs Union and the Eurasian Economic Space , which comprises territory inhabited by over 180 million people ) , and the Union State . While the first and the second are military and economic alliances , the third aims to reach a confederation of Russia and Belarus with a common government , flag , currency , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72629686a09c3e738a831ef13e39956a", "text": "Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values . The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 . The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6fb9a9afb4e3ed53a8cc9b71628963c", "text": "Surrender of Japan The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2 , 1945 , bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close . By the end of July 1945 , the Imperial Japanese Navy ( IJN ) was incapable of conducting major operations and an Allied invasion of Japan was imminent . Together with the British Empire and China , the United States called for the unconditional surrender of the Japanese armed forces in the Potsdam Declaration on July 26 , 1945 -- the alternative being `` prompt and utter destruction '' . While publicly stating their intent to fight on to the bitter end , Japan 's leaders ( the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War , also known as the `` Big Six '' ) were privately making entreaties to the still-neutral Soviet Union to mediate peace on terms more favorable to the Japanese . Meanwhile , the Soviets were preparing to attack Japanese forces in Manchuria and Korea ( in addition to South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands ) in fulfillment of promises they had secretly made to the United States and the United Kingdom at the Tehran and Yalta Conferences . On August 6 , 1945 , at 8:15 AM local time , the United States detonated an atomic bomb over the Japanese city of Hiroshima . Sixteen hours later , American President Harry S. Truman called again for Japan 's surrender , warning them to `` expect a rain of ruin from the air , the like of which has never been seen on this earth . '' Late in the evening of August 8 , 1945 , in accordance with the Yalta agreements , but in violation of the Soviet -- Japanese Neutrality Pact , the Soviet Union declared war on Japan , and soon after midnight on August 9 , 1945 , the Soviet Union invaded the Imperial Japanese puppet state of Manchukuo . Later in the day , the United States dropped a second atomic bomb , this time on the Japanese city of Nagasaki . Following these events , Emperor Hirohito intervened and ordered the Supreme Council for the Direction of the War to accept the terms the Allies had set down in the Potsdam Declaration for ending the war . After several more days of behind-the-scenes negotiations and a failed coup d'état , Emperor Hirohito gave a recorded radio address across the Empire on August 15 . In the radio address , called the , he announced the surrender of Japan to the Allies . On August 28 , the occupation of Japan by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers began . The surrender ceremony was held on September 2 , aboard the United States Navy battleship , at which officials from the Japanese government signed the Japanese Instrument of Surrender , thereby ending the hostilities . Allied civilians and military personnel alike celebrated V-J Day , the end of the war ; however , some isolated soldiers and personnel from Imperial Japan 's far-flung forces throughout Asia and the Pacific islands refused to surrender for months and years afterwards , some even refusing into the 1970s . The role of the atomic bombings in Japan 's unconditional surrender , and the ethics of the two attacks , is still debated . The state of war formally ended when the Treaty of San Francisco came into force on April 28 , 1952 . Four more years passed before Japan and the Soviet Union signed the Soviet -- Japanese Joint Declaration of 1956 , which formally brought an end to their state of war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb", "text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cfb01d8aae9e75319adebbfda534fb5", "text": "Sino-Russian relations since 1991 Diplomatic relations between the People 's Republic of China and the Russian Federation dramatically improved after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the establishment of the Russian Federation in 1991 . American scholar Joseph Nye argues : With the collapse of the Soviet Union , that de facto US-China alliance ended , and a China-Russia rapprochement began . In 1992 , the two countries declared that they were pursuing a `` constructive partnership '' ; in 1996 , they progressed toward a `` strategic partnership '' ; and in 2001 , they signed a treaty of `` friendship and cooperation . '' The two countries share a long land border which was demarcated in 1991 , and they signed a Treaty of Good-Neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation in 2001 . On the eve of a 2013 state visit to Moscow by Chinese President Xi Jinping , Russian President Vladimir Putin remarked that the two nations were forging a special relationship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2bb5c781846854cc54242c21bb0148c", "text": "Old Bolshevik Old Bolshevik ( ста́рый большеви́к , stary bolshevik ) , also Old Bolshevik Guard or Old Party Guard , became an unofficial designation for those who were members of the Bolshevik party before the Russian Revolution of 1917 . Many of the Old Guard were either tried and executed by the NKVD during the Great Purge of 1936 -- 38 or died under suspicious circumstances . Vladimir Lenin expressed the opinion that what one could call the `` old party guard '' , a `` thinnest layer '' , had a `` huge , unshared prestige '' . According to a 1972 Soviet book by D.A. Chygayev , in 1922 there were 44,148 Old Bolsheviks . Vadim Rogovin cites the statistics published by the 13th Congress of the Russian Communist Party ( Bolsheviks ) , that in 1924 , of 600,000 Party members , 0.6 % joined before 1905 , 2 % joined in 1906 -- 1916 and < 9 % joined in 1917 . Joseph Stalin removed many of the Old Bolsheviks from power during the Great Purge of the 1930s . ( The most prominent survivors in the Communist Party were Lazar Kaganovich , Vyacheslav Molotov , Kliment Voroshilov , Anastas Mikoyan , and Stalin himself . ) Some were executed for treason ; some were sent to labor camps ( the Gulag ) ; and a few , such as Alexandra Kollontai , went abroad as ambassadors , preventing them from participating in the central government . Many communist opponents of Stalin , most notably the Trotskyists , cite this fact in support of their argument that Stalin betrayed the aims of the revolution ; they believed in Permanent Revolution , while Stalin and his supporters believed in Socialism in One Country . Various things in the Soviet Union , such as a publishing house , several steamships , motorboats , kolkhozes and settlements , gained the name Old Bolshevik . The first prominent Old Bolshevik to die was Yakov Sverdlov in 1919 ; the last was Lazar Kaganovich in 1991 who also reached the greatest age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a80944a6876882f61e771f61521b1c6f", "text": "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union Throughout the history of the Soviet Union ( 1922 -- 1991 ) , there were periods where Soviet authorities suppressed and persecuted various forms of Christianity to different extents depending on State interests . Soviet Marxist-Leninism policy consistently advocated the control , suppression , and ultimately , the elimination of religious beliefs , and actively encouraged atheism in the Soviet Union . Most religions were never outlawed . The state advocated the destruction of religion , and it officially pronounced religious beliefs to be superstitious and backward . The Communist Party destroyed churches , mosques and temples , ridiculed , harassed , incarcerated and executed religious leaders , flooded the schools and media with anti-religious teachings , and it introduced a belief system called `` scientific atheism , '' with its own rituals , promises and proselytizers . In 1925 the government founded the League of Militant Atheists to intensify the persecution . The total number of Christian victims under the Soviet regime has been estimated to range between 12-20 million . Religious beliefs and practices persisted among the majority of the population , in the domestic and private spheres but also in the scattered public spaces allowed by a state that recognized its failure to eradicate religion and the political dangers of an unrelenting culture war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd7228fe5fac23a3f7f93d639c98be9a", "text": "2006 Russian ban of Moldovan and Georgian wines The 2006 Russian import ban of Moldovan and Georgian wines began in late March 2006 and created a diplomatic conflict between the Republic of Moldova and Georgia on the one hand and Russia on the other . Wine trade with Russia is responsible for 80-90 % of the total wine exports in both countries . The Chief Sanitary Inspector of Russia Gennadiy Onishchenko claimed that heavy metals and pesticides had been found in Georgian and Moldovan wines and that they were falsified alcoholic products labeled as wines . The Russian Consumer Agency claimed that it had examined 21 sorts of Georgian wine sold in Moscow and concluded that 85.7 % did not comply with sanitary requirements . Pesticides were discovered in 60 % samples of Moldovan and 44 % samples of Georgian wine . However , the Moldovans claimed that no proof was provided by the Russians and that dozens of countries across the world imported Moldovan wines without any reported problems . Moldova argued that the ban amounted to economic blackmail . Seven Georgian wineries were later closed down after the government revision revealed that they had produced falsified wine . In May 2005 , Georgian Defense Minister Irakli Okruashvili stated that `` many -LSB- Georgian -RSB- wine producers exported falsified wine to Russia , because Russia is a market where you can sell even turds '' . Okruashvili thought that Russia 's decision to ban the import of Georgian wines `` was not a surprise '' for Tbilisi . Russia accounted for 80 % of Georgian wine sales , and the ban became a `` big blow '' to the industry . Georgian producers swiftly admitted that wines were regularly faked . Prior to the ban , the Georgian government closed down several testing laboratories in Georgia , and several wineries were made to dump their product . Seven Georgian wineries were closed down after the government revision revealed that they had produced falsified wine . Production of falsified wine in Georgia for the rapidly expanding Russian market had been `` big business for the last decade '' according to the Western press . The ban on wine imports came at a time of worsening relations between the countries . The differences involved the Rose Revolution and pro-NATO/pro-EU moves in Georgia and a divergence of the Russian and Moldovan positions regarding the future of Transnistria . A year earlier , the Russian Duma had demanded a ban on Moldovan wine imports , because Moldova was considered to pursue anti-Russian policies . EU 's external relations commissioner , Benita Ferrero-Waldner stated that the EU was worried about what she called an `` embargo '' against Moldova , but the EU could n't take any measures since Russia was not a member of the World Trade Organization . The president of NATO Parliamentary Assembly Pierre Lellouche also said , on May 5 , he was deeply concerned about the Russian ban on Georgian products . From 5 May to 6 May 2006 , the Russian government also banned the import of Borjomi and Nabeglavi , two popular brands of Georgian mineral water . The government claimed that it was a health hazard since it failed to meet water purity standards . The Georgian government responded by stating that the action was an expansion of the wine embargo and a part of a political campaign to punish the country for pro-Western policies , a claim President Mikheil Saakashvili of Georgia reiterated at the Conference on Common Vision for Common Neighborhood held in Vilnius , Lithuania , from May 1 to 4 , and attended also by the presidents of the three Baltic states , Poland , Ukraine , Moldova , Romania , Bulgaria and the United States Vice-President Richard Cheney . Neither the Georgian or Moldovan wines , nor the Borjomi or Nabeglavi mineral waters had been banned nor restricted in any other country besides Russia . One Russian expert has also criticized the Russian ban on `` Borjomi '' . The drink ban appeared to exacerbate tensions between Russia and the Government of Georgia . The 2008 South Ossetia war would occur later that year . Following the conflict , Georgia also withdrew from the Commonwealth of Independent States ( CIS ) , a bloc of several post-Soviet countries . Georgian wines are currently ( 2013 ) sold in over 50 countries , including Ukraine , which became the key market after the Russian ban . However , sales fell sharply , to about one third of what Georgia exported prior to the ban .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9a673fcd10c958a2e2a6781729f97c7", "text": "Great Purge The Great Purge or the Great Terror was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938 . It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials , repression of peasants and the Red Army leadership , and widespread police surveillance , suspicion of `` saboteurs '' , `` counter-revolutionaries '' , imprisonment , and arbitrary executions . In Russian historiography , the period of the most intense purge , 1937 -- 1938 , is called Yezhovshchina ( Ежовщина literally , `` Yezhov phenomenon '' , According to the dictionary , the suffix - shchina in this case produces a word which refers to some kind of phenomenon associated with the word to which the suffix is attached . Quote : `` 1 . Словообразовательная единица , образующая имена существительные женского рода , которые обозначают бытовое или общественное явление , идейное или политическое течение , характеризующееся признаком , названным < ... > '' Juraj Sipko ( Sipko J. Etnopsyholingvisticke predpoklady slovensko-ruskych a rusko-slovenskych porovnavani , Presov , 2003 ) comparing Russian and Slovak languages , points out that in Russian the suffix - shchina ( in meaning 1 given by Efremova ) most commonly bears openly negative or derisive connotations . commonly translated as `` times of Yezhov '' or `` doings of Yezhov '' ) , after Nikolai Yezhov , the head of the Soviet secret police , NKVD . Mobile gas vans were invented to kill people . It has been estimated between 600,000 and 3 million people died at the hands of the Soviet government during the Purge . In the Western world , Robert Conquest 's 1968 book The Great Terror popularized that phrase . Conquest 's title was in turn an allusion to the period called the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution ( French : la Terreur , and , from June to July 1794 , la Grande Terreur , the Great Terror ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22ec5bcde8c9f78a9f41b145b10fdf9b", "text": "Superstate A superstate is defined as `` a large and powerful State formed when several smaller countries unite '' , `` A large and powerful state formed from a federation or union of nations '' . This is distinct from the concept of superpower , although these are frequently seen together . It is also distinct from the concept of empire , where one nation dominates other nations through military , political , and economic power , although an empire may also be a superstate . In the early 20th century , `` superstate '' had a similar definition as today 's supranational organisations . In a 1927 article by Edward A. Harriman on the League of Nations , a superstate was defined as merely `` an organisation , of which a state is a member , which is superior to the member themselves '' , in that '' -LSB- a -RSB- complete superstate has legislative , executive and judicial organs to make , to execute and to interpret its laws '' . According to this definition , Harriman saw the League of Nations as a `` rudimentary superstate '' , and the United States as `` an example of a complete and perfect superstate '' . In World Order of Bahá ` u 'll áh , first published in 1938 , Shoghi Effendi , the Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith , described the anticipated world government of that religion as the `` world 's future super-state '' with the Bahá ' í Faith as the `` State Religion of an independent and Sovereign Power . '' In the 1970s , academic literature used the term `` superstate '' to indicate a particularly rich and powerful state , in a similar fashion to the term superpower . In contemporary political debate , especially the one centred on the European Union , the term `` superstate '' is used to indicate a ( usually deemed unwelcome ) development in which the Union takes over the character of a State ( including the monopoly on violence ) thus abolishing the sovereignty and independence of its member states . For instance , Glyn Morgan opposes the perspective of a `` European superstate '' to the ones of `` a Europe of nation-states '' and of `` a post-sovereign European polity '' . In her definition , a `` European superstate is nothing more than a sovereign state - a tried and tested type of polity that predominates in the modern world - operating on a European wide scale '' , i.e. , `` a unitary European state '' The term was famously used by Margaret Thatcher in her 1988 Bruges speech , when she decried the perspective of `` a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels '' , and has since entered the eurosceptic lexicon . Tony Blair argued in 2000 that he welcomed an EU as a `` superpower , not a superstate ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a523a7f359b31386c71a0e384f5de7d", "text": "Russian mafia Russian organized crime or Russian mafia , sometimes referred to as Bratva ( : `` brotherhood '' ) , is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union . Organized crime in Russia began in the imperial period of the Tsars , but it was not until the Soviet era that vory v zakone ( `` thieves-in-law '' ) emerged as leaders of prison groups in gulags ( Soviet prison labor camps ) , and their honor code became more defined . After World War II , the death of Joseph Stalin , and the fall of the Soviet Union , more gangs emerged in a flourishing black market , exploiting the unstable governments of the former Republics , and at its highest point , even controlling as much as two-thirds of the Russian economy . Louis Freeh , former director of the FBI , said that the Russian mafia posed the greatest threat to U.S. national security in the mid-1990s . In modern times , there are as many as 6,000 different groups , with more than 200 of them having a global reach . Criminals of these various groups are either former prison members , corrupt officials and business leaders , people with ethnic ties , or people from the same region with shared criminal experiences and leaders . However , the existence of such groups has been debated . In December 2009 , Timur Lakhonin , the head of the Russian National Central Bureau of Interpol , stated `` Certainly , there is crime involving our former compatriots abroad , but there is no data suggesting that an organized structure of criminal groups comprising former Russians exists abroad '' , while in August 2010 , Alain Bauer , a French criminologist , said that it `` is one of the best structured criminal organizations in Europe , with a quasi-military operation . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed30a6f20cd19226ecee9f6bfe82c4c0", "text": "Terentii Shtykov Terentii Fomich Shtykov ( Russian : Терентий Штыков ; Korean : 테렌티 스티코프 ; -- 25 October 1964 ) was effectively the first supreme leader of North Korea , as the de facto head of its 1945-1951 military occupation and the first Soviet Ambassador to North Korea from 1948 until 1950 . Shtykov 's support for Kim Il-sung was crucial in Kim 's rise to power , and the two persuaded Stalin to allow the Korean War to begin in June 1950 . A protégé of the influential politician Andrei Zhdanov , General Shtykov served as a political commissar during World War II , ending up on the Military Council of the Primorskiy Military District . Through direct access to Joseph Stalin , Shtykov became the `` real supreme ruler of North Korea , the principal supervisor of both the Soviet military and the local authorities . '' Shtykov conceived of the Soviet Civil Administration , supported Kim 's appointment as head of the North Korean provisional government , and assisted Stalin with editing the first North Korean constitution . As the preeminent representative of the Soviet Union 's political authority over the nascent North Korea from October 1945 until December 1950 , Shtykov 's legacy was to aid the Kim family 's rise to power . The war they started freed Kim from Soviet domination ; China intervened following North Korea 's poor military performance in the early autumn . Shtykov was fired as ambassador in December and demoted to major general the following month . He later served as the Soviet ambassador to Hungary from 1959 to 1960 . Andrei Lankov asserts that Shtykov made more impact on Korean history than any foreigner other than Japanese colonial politicians , and that he was `` the actual architect of the North Korean state as it emerged in 1945-50 . '' Several of Shtykov 's policies , most notably North Korean land reform , are today credited to Kim Il-sung by official North Korean media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "886f849eea6c8557ecc464f4652bedb9", "text": "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis Media portrayals of the Ukrainian crisis , including 2014 unrest and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution following the Euromaidan movement , differed widely between Ukrainian , western and Russian media . In particular , the Russian media was accused of propagandizing , and of waging an information war during its coverage of the events . Russian channels were repeatedly criticized for the use of misleading images , false narratives , misrepresentation , suppression , and fabricated news stories , such as a child 's crucifixion and the death of a 10-year-old in shelling . The BBC reported that Russian state television `` appears to employ techniques of psychological conditioning designed to excite extreme emotions of aggression and hatred in the viewer '' , which , according to The Guardian , is part of a coordinated `` informational-psychological war operation '' . A regular theme in the Russian media was that the Ukrainian army , which has many Russian-speaking members , was committing `` genocide '' against Russian-speakers and that they strongly desired Russia to `` protect '' them against Kiev . This presentation contradicted a poll showing that less than 20 % of eastern residents wanted Russia 's protection . There was also no refugee exodus from Kiev , which has a large Russian-speaking population . While asserting that Ukraine was overrun by fascists whom the western media was `` ignoring '' , Russia has forged close relationships with far-right politicians in the West . Its claims about Ukraine were contradicted by Ukrainian election results . Russian media have also denied the Holodomor , a Soviet-organised famine that killed millions of Ukrainians . They supported Russia 's denials of involvement in the Crimean crisis , until Vladimir Putin boasted about the key role of Russian soldiers , and continue denying its involvement in the war in Donbass , despite evidence that Russia regularly shelled across the border .", "title": "" } ]
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febe4fc5fdb5a80cf364d8ca72eae04f
Joseph Stalin was involved in the Soviet Union.
[ { "docid": "6bf11545b77f4432788b398b5b368405", "text": "Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin ( -LSB- ˈstɑːlɪn -RSB- 18 December 1878 -- 5 March 1953 ) was a Soviet revolutionary , politician and political theorist . He governed the Soviet Union from the mid-1920s until his death in 1953 . In this capacity , he served as the Premier of the Soviet Union from 1941 to 1953 and as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1952 . Ideologically a Marxist and a Leninist , he helped to formalise these ideas as Marxism-Leninism while his own policies and theories became known as Stalinism . Stalin was born to a poor Georgian family in Gori , Russian Empire . After an education at Tiflis Spiritual Seminary , he joined the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party . Affiliated with Vladimir Lenin 's Bolshevik faction , he raised funds via underground activities such as the 1907 Tiflis bank robbery . After the Bolsheviks seized power in 1917 and established a one-party state , Stalin sat on the Politburo during the Russian Civil War . In 1922 Stalin became General Secretary and established the Soviet Union . Despite Lenin 's objection , power consolidated around Stalin and opposition removed following Lenin 's death in 1924 . During Stalin 's tenure the concept of `` Socialism in One Country '' became a central tenet of Soviet society , and a cult of personality developed around Stalin . Lenin 's New Economic Policy was replaced with a centralised command economy , industrialisation and collectivisation . These rapidly transformed the country from an agrarian society into an industrial power , but disrupted food production and contributed to the famine of 1933 -- 34 . Between 1934 and 1939 , Stalin organised the `` Great Purge '' , in which millions of so-called `` enemies of the working class '' , including senior political and military figures , were interned in Gulag-run prisons , exiled or executed , often without due process . In August 1939 Stalin entered a non-aggression pact with Nazi Germany , resulting in their invasion of Poland in September of that year . Germany ended the pact by invading the Soviet Union in 1941 . Despite initial setbacks , the Soviet Red Army halted the German incursion and captured Berlin in May 1945 , ending World War II in Europe . The Soviet Union annexed the Baltic states and backed the establishment of pro-Soviet Marxist governments both throughout Eastern Europe and in China , North Korea , and North Vietnam . The Soviet Union and United States emerged as the two world superpowers , and a period of tensions began between the Soviet-backed Eastern Bloc and U.S.-backed Western Bloc known as the Cold War . Stalin led the Soviet Union through its post-war reconstruction phase , during which it became the second country to develop a nuclear weapon , as well as launching the Great Plan for the Transformation of Nature in response to another major famine and the Great Construction Projects of Communism . Stalin died in 1953 and was succeeded by Nikita Khrushchev , who denounced Stalin and initiated a de-Stalinisation process . Stalin is widely considered one of the most significant and influential figures of the 20th century . Stalinism influenced various Marxist-Leninist groups and governments across the world , for whom Stalin was a champion of socialism and the working class . After the fall of the Soviet Union , Stalin has been praised by supporters for his role in defeating Nazi Germany and establishing the Soviet Union as a major world power . Critics emphasise his role in causing millions of deaths and numerous political , religious and ethnic repressions .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e3bbc6870d567cb0a5893b414421905d", "text": "Yalta Conference The Yalta Conference , sometimes called the Crimea conference and code named the Argonaut Conference , held from February 4 to 11 , 1945 , was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States , the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Europe 's postwar reorganization . The three states were represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt , Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin , respectively . The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea , Soviet Union . The goal of the conference was to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe . The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe . Within a few years , with the Cold War dividing the continent , Yalta became a subject of intense controversy . To a degree , it has remained controversial . Yalta was the second of three wartime conferences among the Big Three . It had been preceded by the Tehran Conference in 1943 , and was followed by the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 , which was attended by Stalin , Churchill ( who was replaced halfway through by the newly elected British Prime Minister Clement Attlee ) and Harry S. Truman , Roosevelt 's successor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cda6e0ffc4ba1d585c36654fe3eb48de", "text": "Avel Enukidze Avel Safronovich Enukidze ( Georgian : აბელ ენუქიძე , Abel Enukiʒe , -LSB- ˈɑbɛl.ˈɛnukʰid͜zɛ -RSB- ; Russian : А́вель Сафронович Енуки́дзе ; -- October 30 , 1937 ) was a prominent `` Old Bolshevik '' and , at one point , a member of the Soviet Central Committee in Moscow . In 1932 , along with Mikhail Kalinin and Vyacheslav Molotov , Enukidze co-signed the infamous `` Law of Spikelets '' . Enukidze had written a book on the history of a famous Bolshevik printing press in the Caucasus which had distributed , throughout Russia , Vladimir Lenin 's revolutionary theses during the Czarist period . Soon he was accused of having deliberately diminished Joseph Stalin 's contributions to the printing press and the Bolshevik movement in Baku . In fact , Stalin had little to do with these things ; it was Enukidze himself who had played the major role . But revolutionary contributions were important to a Bolshevik 's prestige , and Stalin did not like Enukidze outshining him . In July 1935 , after suggesting to Stalin that he give up power , Enukidze was called to account before a Central Committee Plenum in Moscow , expelled from the Party immediately , and two years later , arrested , tried , and shot . Enukidze was rehabilitated as a victim of Stalin 's purges . NB . His family name in Russian is transliterated incorrectly as Ienukidze ( should be Enukidze ) , and his given name as Avel ( should be Abel ) in Alan Bullock 's Hitler and Stalin : Parallel Lives ( 1993 ) . Bullock also transliterates Enukidze as Yenukidze ( since it is pronounced Ienukidze in Russian ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "623f0fa795abb70518bfc2594505f4e7", "text": "Christian Rakovsky Christian Rakovsky ( -- September 11 , 1941 ) was a Bulgarian socialist revolutionary , a Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat ; he was also noted as a journalist , physician , and essayist . Rakovsky 's political career took him throughout the Balkans and into France and Imperial Russia ; for part of his life , he was also a Romanian citizen . A lifelong collaborator of Leon Trotsky , he was a prominent activist of the Second International , involved in politics with the Bulgarian Social Democratic Union , Romanian Social Democratic Party , and the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party . Rakovsky was expelled at different times from various countries as a result of his activities , and , during World War I , became a founding member of the Revolutionary Balkan Social Democratic Labor Federation while helping to organize the Zimmerwald Conference . Imprisoned by Romanian authorities , he made his way to Russia , where he joined the Bolshevik Party after the October Revolution , and , as head of the Rumcherod , unsuccessfully attempted to generate a communist revolution in the Kingdom of Romania . Subsequently , he was a founding member of the Comintern , served as head of government in the Ukrainian SSR , and took part in negotiations at the Genoa Conference . He came to oppose Joseph Stalin and rallied with the Left Opposition , being marginalized inside the government and sent as Soviet ambassador to London and Paris , where he was involved in renegotiating financial settlements . He was ultimately recalled from France in autumn 1927 , after signing his name to a controversial Trotskyist platform which endorsed world revolution . Credited with having developed the Trotskyist critique of Stalinism as `` bureaucratic centrism '' , Rakovsky was subject to internal exile . Submitting to Stalin 's leadership in 1934 and being briefly reinstated , he was nonetheless implicated in the Trial of the Twenty One ( part of the Moscow Trials ) , imprisoned , and executed by the NKVD during World War II . He was rehabilitated in 1988 , during the Soviet Glasnost period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb", "text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a523a7f359b31386c71a0e384f5de7d", "text": "Russian mafia Russian organized crime or Russian mafia , sometimes referred to as Bratva ( : `` brotherhood '' ) , is a collective of various organized crime elements originating in the former Soviet Union . Organized crime in Russia began in the imperial period of the Tsars , but it was not until the Soviet era that vory v zakone ( `` thieves-in-law '' ) emerged as leaders of prison groups in gulags ( Soviet prison labor camps ) , and their honor code became more defined . After World War II , the death of Joseph Stalin , and the fall of the Soviet Union , more gangs emerged in a flourishing black market , exploiting the unstable governments of the former Republics , and at its highest point , even controlling as much as two-thirds of the Russian economy . Louis Freeh , former director of the FBI , said that the Russian mafia posed the greatest threat to U.S. national security in the mid-1990s . In modern times , there are as many as 6,000 different groups , with more than 200 of them having a global reach . Criminals of these various groups are either former prison members , corrupt officials and business leaders , people with ethnic ties , or people from the same region with shared criminal experiences and leaders . However , the existence of such groups has been debated . In December 2009 , Timur Lakhonin , the head of the Russian National Central Bureau of Interpol , stated `` Certainly , there is crime involving our former compatriots abroad , but there is no data suggesting that an organized structure of criminal groups comprising former Russians exists abroad '' , while in August 2010 , Alain Bauer , a French criminologist , said that it `` is one of the best structured criminal organizations in Europe , with a quasi-military operation . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a4a26f87094172c7e3ab426ae3ae8f6", "text": "Ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states After the dissolution of the Soviet Union ( USSR ) in December 1991 , about 25 million ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states found themselves living outside the Russian Federation . All former Soviet citizens had a time window within which they could transfer their former Soviet citizenship to Russian citizenship . Where they did not exercise that choice , their resulting citizenship status outside Russia varied by state : from no perceivable change in status - as in Belarus - to becoming permanently resident `` non-citizens '' - as in Estonia and Latvia , which restricted citizenship to their pre-World War II citizens and their offspring ( regardless of ethnic group ) upon restoration of their independence in continuity with their sovereign identities prior to June 1940 . However , most people in practice found the `` time window '' concept not feasible , as the citizenship issue linked closely to the issue of owning property owned by the state before privatization . For many people , a change of citizenship would actually mean relocating and leaving behind everything - or most of what they had previously owned or been able to access . the largest ethnic Russian diaspora populations outside Russia live in the United States and in the `` near abroad '' countries . The populations involved include those in : Ukraine ( about 8 million ) , Kazakhstan ( about 3.8 million ) , the United States ( about 3 million ) , Belarus ( about 780,000 ) , Uzbekistan ( about 650,000 ) Kyrgyzstan ( about 360,000 ) and Latvia ( about 556,422 ) . In June 2006 Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a plan to introduce national policy aiming at encouraging ethnic Russian immigration to Russia . Does not include Abkhazia ( 2011 census : 22,077 Russians or 9.1 % of the population ) or South Ossetia ( 2007 estimate : 2,100 Russians or 3.0 % of the population ) . In Turkmenistan , there were estimated to be at most 150,000 ethnic Russians as of 2007 , or under 2 % of the population . In Uzbekistan the same year , the Russian population stood at some 800,000 people or under 4 % of the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a80944a6876882f61e771f61521b1c6f", "text": "Persecution of Christians in the Soviet Union Throughout the history of the Soviet Union ( 1922 -- 1991 ) , there were periods where Soviet authorities suppressed and persecuted various forms of Christianity to different extents depending on State interests . Soviet Marxist-Leninism policy consistently advocated the control , suppression , and ultimately , the elimination of religious beliefs , and actively encouraged atheism in the Soviet Union . Most religions were never outlawed . The state advocated the destruction of religion , and it officially pronounced religious beliefs to be superstitious and backward . The Communist Party destroyed churches , mosques and temples , ridiculed , harassed , incarcerated and executed religious leaders , flooded the schools and media with anti-religious teachings , and it introduced a belief system called `` scientific atheism , '' with its own rituals , promises and proselytizers . In 1925 the government founded the League of Militant Atheists to intensify the persecution . The total number of Christian victims under the Soviet regime has been estimated to range between 12-20 million . Religious beliefs and practices persisted among the majority of the population , in the domestic and private spheres but also in the scattered public spaces allowed by a state that recognized its failure to eradicate religion and the political dangers of an unrelenting culture war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73b5bfb2f0f4303e70296217212d8aa9", "text": "Decommunization in Russia Decommunization in Russia is the process of dealing with the communist legacies in terms of institutions and personnel that tends towards breaking with the Soviet past . Compared with the efforts of the other former constituents of the Soviet bloc and the Soviet Union , it has been restricted to half-measures , if conducted at all . Notable anti-communist measures in the Russian Federation are the banning of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( and creating the Communist Party of the Russian Federation ) as well as the names of many Russian cities reverting to what they were before the 1917 October Revolution ( Leningrad to Saint Petersburg , Sverdlovsk to Yekaterinburg and Gorky to Nizhny Novgorod ) . However , Nostalgia for the Soviet Union is gradually on the rise in Russia . Communist symbols continue to form an important part of the rhetoric used in state-controlled media as banning them is seen by the foreign ministry as `` sacrilege '' and `` a perverse idea of good and evil '' . The decommunization process in neighbouring Ukraine was also met with criticism by Russia , and Soviet war crimes continue to be regularly dismissed as `` Western myth '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed30a6f20cd19226ecee9f6bfe82c4c0", "text": "Terentii Shtykov Terentii Fomich Shtykov ( Russian : Терентий Штыков ; Korean : 테렌티 스티코프 ; -- 25 October 1964 ) was effectively the first supreme leader of North Korea , as the de facto head of its 1945-1951 military occupation and the first Soviet Ambassador to North Korea from 1948 until 1950 . Shtykov 's support for Kim Il-sung was crucial in Kim 's rise to power , and the two persuaded Stalin to allow the Korean War to begin in June 1950 . A protégé of the influential politician Andrei Zhdanov , General Shtykov served as a political commissar during World War II , ending up on the Military Council of the Primorskiy Military District . Through direct access to Joseph Stalin , Shtykov became the `` real supreme ruler of North Korea , the principal supervisor of both the Soviet military and the local authorities . '' Shtykov conceived of the Soviet Civil Administration , supported Kim 's appointment as head of the North Korean provisional government , and assisted Stalin with editing the first North Korean constitution . As the preeminent representative of the Soviet Union 's political authority over the nascent North Korea from October 1945 until December 1950 , Shtykov 's legacy was to aid the Kim family 's rise to power . The war they started freed Kim from Soviet domination ; China intervened following North Korea 's poor military performance in the early autumn . Shtykov was fired as ambassador in December and demoted to major general the following month . He later served as the Soviet ambassador to Hungary from 1959 to 1960 . Andrei Lankov asserts that Shtykov made more impact on Korean history than any foreigner other than Japanese colonial politicians , and that he was `` the actual architect of the North Korean state as it emerged in 1945-50 . '' Several of Shtykov 's policies , most notably North Korean land reform , are today credited to Kim Il-sung by official North Korean media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "373f7abc7dd223cefa8603a03bf77229", "text": "1922 Moscow Trial of Socialist Revolutionaries The Moscow Trial of the Socialist Revolutionaries was one of the first show trials of the Soviet Union , beginning on June 8 , 1922 . The trial was part of a process that entailed eliminating all opposition in the nascent Bolshevik state . The trial stemmed from the failed Kerensky -- Krasnov uprising on October 29th , 1917 ( old style ) , when Alexander Kerensky attempted to overthrow the Soviet government that had just toppled him . The previous years had witnessed the silencing of the Workers ' Opposition and the suppression of the Mensheviks , the other major proletarian party . The Socialist Revolutionaries had long been a nuisance to the Bolsheviks . The party enjoyed the support of the largest demographic of the old Tsarist Empire , the agrarian peasantry , whilst the Bolsheviks were primarily supported by the radical intelligentsia , with some , albeit small , representation amongst soldiers and workers . The dispersal of the Constituent Assembly in January 1918 was the first action Lenin took against the Socialist Revolutionaries . The results of the voting made it clear that the assembly would not be overwhelmingly Bolshevik , and Lenin decided that it was counterrevolutionary . Fanny Kaplan , Lenin 's would-be assassin , stated that her motive for the assassination was the dispersal of the assembly . The Brest-Litovsk Treaty of 1918 that ended hostilities between Germany and Russia was also a point of serious disagreement between the Bolsheviks and the Socialist Revolutionaries . There were 12 main defendants in the trial and SR coup participants gave evidence for the prosecution . Among the notable Bolsheviks playing a part in the trial were Nikolai Krylenko , who was the prosecutor for the state , and Nikolai Bukharin , who was part of the defense counsel . Bukharin had even participated in demonstrations organized by the authorities that were occurring throughout Moscow , and demanded the death penalty for the 12 defendants . At the very outset , Georgy Pyatakov announced that `` the court does not intend to handle the case from a dispassionate , objective point of view but would be guided solely by the interests of the Soviet Government . '' The evidence against the accused included statements of former SR participants in the military coup attempt such as G. Semyonov , who joined the Bolsheviks in 1911 , and became an agent provocateur . The trial concluded with death sentences for the 12 and acquittal for those who gave evidence . Upon further review by the tribunal , the death sentences were commuted . It was believed by Trotsky at least , that if the sentences were carried out , their party brethren would carry out terrorist violence against the Bolshevik government . All of the defendants and participants in the trial would eventually become victims in Stalin 's purges .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e43665a0a25d05f4a79f91da1ecb4db4", "text": "Gestapo–NKVD conferences The Gestapo -- NKVD conferences were a series of security police meetings organized in late 1939 and early 1940 by Germany and the Soviet Union , following their joint invasion of Poland in accordance with the Nazi-Soviet alliance . The meetings enabled both parties to pursue specific goals and aims as outlined independently by Hitler and Stalin , with regard to the acquired , formerly Polish territories . The conferences were held by the Gestapo and the NKVD officials in several Polish cities . In spite of their differences on other issues , both Heinrich Himmler and Lavrentiy Beria had similar objectives as far as the fate of the prewar Poland was concerned . The attack on Poland ended with the Nazi -- Soviet victory parade in Brześć , which was held on 22 September 1939 . Brześć was the location of the first Nazi-Soviet meeting organized on 27 September 1939 , in which the prisoner exchange was decided prior to the signing of mutual agreements in Moscow a day later . In the following month , the Gestapo and the NKVD met in Lwów to discuss the fate of civilian populations during radical reorganization of the annexed territories . They met again in occupied Przemyśl at the end of November , because Przemyśl was a border crossing between the two invaders . The next series of meetings began in December 1939 , a month after the first transfer of Polish prisoners of war . The conferences were held in occupied Kraków in the General Government on 6 -- 7 December 1939 ; and continued for the next two days in the resort town of Zakopane in the Tatra Mountains of southern Poland ( 100 km from Kraków ) on 8 -- 9 December 1939 . The Zakopane Conference is the most remembered . From the Soviet side , several higher officers of the NKVD secret police participated in the meetings , while the German hosts provided a group of experts from the Gestapo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2bb5c781846854cc54242c21bb0148c", "text": "Old Bolshevik Old Bolshevik ( ста́рый большеви́к , stary bolshevik ) , also Old Bolshevik Guard or Old Party Guard , became an unofficial designation for those who were members of the Bolshevik party before the Russian Revolution of 1917 . Many of the Old Guard were either tried and executed by the NKVD during the Great Purge of 1936 -- 38 or died under suspicious circumstances . Vladimir Lenin expressed the opinion that what one could call the `` old party guard '' , a `` thinnest layer '' , had a `` huge , unshared prestige '' . According to a 1972 Soviet book by D.A. Chygayev , in 1922 there were 44,148 Old Bolsheviks . Vadim Rogovin cites the statistics published by the 13th Congress of the Russian Communist Party ( Bolsheviks ) , that in 1924 , of 600,000 Party members , 0.6 % joined before 1905 , 2 % joined in 1906 -- 1916 and < 9 % joined in 1917 . Joseph Stalin removed many of the Old Bolsheviks from power during the Great Purge of the 1930s . ( The most prominent survivors in the Communist Party were Lazar Kaganovich , Vyacheslav Molotov , Kliment Voroshilov , Anastas Mikoyan , and Stalin himself . ) Some were executed for treason ; some were sent to labor camps ( the Gulag ) ; and a few , such as Alexandra Kollontai , went abroad as ambassadors , preventing them from participating in the central government . Many communist opponents of Stalin , most notably the Trotskyists , cite this fact in support of their argument that Stalin betrayed the aims of the revolution ; they believed in Permanent Revolution , while Stalin and his supporters believed in Socialism in One Country . Various things in the Soviet Union , such as a publishing house , several steamships , motorboats , kolkhozes and settlements , gained the name Old Bolshevik . The first prominent Old Bolshevik to die was Yakov Sverdlov in 1919 ; the last was Lazar Kaganovich in 1991 who also reached the greatest age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9a673fcd10c958a2e2a6781729f97c7", "text": "Great Purge The Great Purge or the Great Terror was a campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union which occurred from 1936 to 1938 . It involved a large-scale purge of the Communist Party and government officials , repression of peasants and the Red Army leadership , and widespread police surveillance , suspicion of `` saboteurs '' , `` counter-revolutionaries '' , imprisonment , and arbitrary executions . In Russian historiography , the period of the most intense purge , 1937 -- 1938 , is called Yezhovshchina ( Ежовщина literally , `` Yezhov phenomenon '' , According to the dictionary , the suffix - shchina in this case produces a word which refers to some kind of phenomenon associated with the word to which the suffix is attached . Quote : `` 1 . Словообразовательная единица , образующая имена существительные женского рода , которые обозначают бытовое или общественное явление , идейное или политическое течение , характеризующееся признаком , названным < ... > '' Juraj Sipko ( Sipko J. Etnopsyholingvisticke predpoklady slovensko-ruskych a rusko-slovenskych porovnavani , Presov , 2003 ) comparing Russian and Slovak languages , points out that in Russian the suffix - shchina ( in meaning 1 given by Efremova ) most commonly bears openly negative or derisive connotations . commonly translated as `` times of Yezhov '' or `` doings of Yezhov '' ) , after Nikolai Yezhov , the head of the Soviet secret police , NKVD . Mobile gas vans were invented to kill people . It has been estimated between 600,000 and 3 million people died at the hands of the Soviet government during the Purge . In the Western world , Robert Conquest 's 1968 book The Great Terror popularized that phrase . Conquest 's title was in turn an allusion to the period called the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution ( French : la Terreur , and , from June to July 1794 , la Grande Terreur , the Great Terror ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26d00b5309c7b523adc524ff859688a5", "text": "Soviet partisans The Soviet partisans were members of resistance movements that fought a guerrilla war against the Axis forces in the Soviet Union and the previously Soviet-occupied territories of interwar Poland in 1941 -- 45 . The activity emerged after the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa during World War II , and according to Great Soviet Encyclopedia it was coordinated and controlled by the Soviet government and modelled on that of the Red Army . The primary objective of the guerrilla warfare waged by the Soviet partisan units was the disruption of the Eastern Front 's German rear , especially road and rail communications . There were also regular military formations called partisans , that were used to conduct long-range reconnaissance patrol missions behind Axis lines from the Soviet-held territory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc927b20fab28b116c6204426aea6768", "text": "Soviet Armed Forces The Soviet Armed Forces , also called the Armed Forces of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and Armed Forces of the Soviet Union ( Russian : Вооружённые Силы Союза Советских Социалистических Республик Vooruzhonnyye Sily Soyuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik , Вооружённые Силы Советского Союза ) refers to the armed forces of the Russian SFSR ( 1917 -- 1922 ) , and Soviet Union ( 1922 -- 1991 ) from their beginnings in the aftermath of the Russian Civil War to its dissolution in December 1991 . According to the all-union military service law of September 1925 , the Soviet Armed Forces consisted of three components : the Ground Forces , the Air Forces , the Navy , the State Political Directorate ( OGPU ) , and the convoy guards . The OGPU was later made independent and amalgamated with the NKVD in 1934 , and thus its Internal Troops were under the joint management of the Defense and Interior Commisariats . After World War II the Strategic Missile Troops ( 1959 ) , Air Defence Forces ( 1948 ) and troops of the All-Union National Civil Defence Forces ( 1970 ) were added , standing first , third and sixth in the official Soviet reckoning of comparative importance ( with the Ground Forces being second , the Air Forces fourth , and the Navy fifth ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c29df69911c0ef54eee131420e0717cd", "text": "Stalin Line The Stalin Line was a line of fortifications along the western border of the Soviet Union . Work began on the system in the 1920s to protect the USSR against attacks from the West . The line was made up of concrete bunkers and gun emplacements , somewhat similar to , but less elaborate than the Maginot Line . It was not a continuous line of defense along the entire border , but rather a network of fortified districts , meant to channel potential invaders along certain corridors . In the aftermath of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact , with the westward expansion of the USSR in 1939 and 1940 into Poland , the Baltic , and Bessarabia , the decision was made to abandon the line in favour of constructing the Molotov Line further west , along the new border of the USSR . A number of Soviet generals felt that it would be better to keep both lines and to have a defence in depth , but this conflicted with the pre-World War II Soviet military doctrine . Thus , the guns were removed , but were mostly in storage as the new line began construction . The 1941 Axis invasion caught the Soviets with the new line unfinished and the Stalin Line largely abandoned and in disrepair . Neither was thus of much use in stopping the onslaught , though parts of the Stalin Line were manned in time and contributed to the defense of the USSR . Following World War II , the line was not maintained , in part due to its wide dispersal across the USSR . Unlike Western Europe , where similar fortifications were demolished for development and safety reasons , much of the line survived beyond the breakup of the USSR in 1991 due to being ignored . Today , the remains of the Stalin Line fortifications are located in Belarus , Russia , and Ukraine ( plus possibly the eastern parts of Moldova ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc269417283fe836dc74da84189404f7", "text": "Socialist realism in Poland Socialist realism in Poland ( socrealizm ) was a social , political , and esthetic doctrine enforced by the pro-Soviet communist government in the process of Stalinization of the postwar People 's Republic of Poland . The official policy was introduced in 1949 by a decree of the Polish United Workers ' Party minister ( later , Minister of Culture and Art ) Włodzimierz Sokorski . As in all Soviet-dominated Eastern Bloc countries , Socialist realism became the main instrument of political control in the building of totalitarianism in Poland . However , the trend has never become truly dominant . Following Stalin 's death on March 5 , 1953 , and the subsequent De-Stalinization of all People 's Republics , Polish artists , writers and architects started abandoning it around 1955 . De-Stalinization process peaked during the Polish October .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "152a902d114078664df63ecc60c902a4", "text": "Ilyushin Il-2 The Ilyushin Il-2 ( Cyrillic : Илью́шин Ил-2 ) Sturmovik was a ground-attack aircraft ( Cyrillic : Штурмови́к , Šturmovík ) produced by the Soviet Union in large numbers during the Second World War . With 36,183 units of the Il-2 produced during the war , and in combination with its successor , the Ilyushin Il-10 , a total of 42,330 were built , making it the single most produced military aircraft design in aviation history , as well as one of the most produced piloted aircraft in history along with the American postwar civilian Cessna 172 and the Soviet Union 's own then-contemporary Polikarpov Po-2 Kukuruznik multipurpose biplane . To Il-2 pilots , the aircraft was simply the diminutive `` Ilyusha '' . To the soldiers on the ground , it was the `` Hunchback '' , the `` Flying Tank '' or the `` Flying Infantryman '' . Its postwar NATO reporting name was `` Bark '' . The Il-2 aircraft played a crucial role on the Eastern Front . Joseph Stalin paid the Il-2 a great tribute in his own inimitable manner : when a particular production factory fell behind on its deliveries , Stalin sent an angrily worded cable to the factory manager , stating `` They are as essential to the Red Army as air and bread . '' `` I demand more machines . This is my final warning ! ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1460b08f4d85b18dee0705eb8fd8003", "text": "Television in the Soviet Union Television in the Soviet Union was owned by the state and was under its tight control and censorship . The governing body in the former Soviet Union comprised the USSR State Committee for Television and Radio Broadcasting or USSR Gosteleradio , which was in charge both of Soviet Central Television and USSR Gostelradio . Soviet TV production was classified into central ( USSR Gostelradio and Soviet Central Television ( TsT SSSR , Центральное телевидение Гостелерадио СССР , ЦТ СССР ) ) , republican , and regional broadcasting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "886f849eea6c8557ecc464f4652bedb9", "text": "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis Media portrayals of the Ukrainian crisis , including 2014 unrest and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution following the Euromaidan movement , differed widely between Ukrainian , western and Russian media . In particular , the Russian media was accused of propagandizing , and of waging an information war during its coverage of the events . Russian channels were repeatedly criticized for the use of misleading images , false narratives , misrepresentation , suppression , and fabricated news stories , such as a child 's crucifixion and the death of a 10-year-old in shelling . The BBC reported that Russian state television `` appears to employ techniques of psychological conditioning designed to excite extreme emotions of aggression and hatred in the viewer '' , which , according to The Guardian , is part of a coordinated `` informational-psychological war operation '' . A regular theme in the Russian media was that the Ukrainian army , which has many Russian-speaking members , was committing `` genocide '' against Russian-speakers and that they strongly desired Russia to `` protect '' them against Kiev . This presentation contradicted a poll showing that less than 20 % of eastern residents wanted Russia 's protection . There was also no refugee exodus from Kiev , which has a large Russian-speaking population . While asserting that Ukraine was overrun by fascists whom the western media was `` ignoring '' , Russia has forged close relationships with far-right politicians in the West . Its claims about Ukraine were contradicted by Ukrainian election results . Russian media have also denied the Holodomor , a Soviet-organised famine that killed millions of Ukrainians . They supported Russia 's denials of involvement in the Crimean crisis , until Vladimir Putin boasted about the key role of Russian soldiers , and continue denying its involvement in the war in Donbass , despite evidence that Russia regularly shelled across the border .", "title": "" } ]
fever
ba583f8c79b15f2f87a9d5711db8523c
Facebook is based in Menlo Park, California.
[ { "docid": "d9f51cab5001eb9506f2ed86bb213627", "text": "Facebook Facebook is an American for-profit corporation and an online social media and social networking service based in Menlo Park , California . The Facebook website was launched on February 4 , 2004 , by Mark Zuckerberg , along with fellow Harvard College students and roommates , Eduardo Saverin , Andrew McCollum , Dustin Moskovitz , and Chris Hughes . The founders had initially limited the website 's membership to Harvard students ; however , later they expanded it to higher education institutions in the Boston area , the Ivy League schools , and Stanford University . Facebook gradually added support for students at various other universities , and eventually to high school students as well . Since 2006 , anyone age 13 and older has been allowed to become a registered user of Facebook , though variations exist in the minimum age requirement , depending on applicable local laws . The Facebook name comes from the face book directories often given to United States university students . Facebook may be accessed by a large range of desktops , laptops , tablet computers , and smartphones over the Internet and mobile networks . After registering to use the site , users can create a user profile indicating their name , occupation , schools attended and so on . Users can add other users as `` friends '' , exchange messages , post status updates and digital photos , share digital videos and links , use various software applications ( `` apps '' ) , and receive notifications when others update their profiles or make posts . Additionally , users may join common-interest user groups organized by workplace , school , hobbies or other topics , and categorize their friends into lists such as `` People From Work '' or `` Close Friends '' . In groups , editors can pin posts to top . Additionally , users can complain about or block unpleasant people . Because of the large volume of data that users submit to the service , Facebook has come under scrutiny for its privacy policies . Facebook makes most of its revenue from advertisements which appear onscreen . Facebook , Inc. held its initial public offering ( IPO ) in February 2012 , and began selling stock to the public three months later , reaching an original peak market capitalization of $ 104 billion . On July 13 , 2015 , Facebook became the fastest company in the Standard & Poor 's 500 Index to reach a market cap of $ 250 billion . Facebook has more than 1.94 billion monthly active users as of March 31 , 2017 . As of April 2016 , Facebook was the most popular social networking site in the world , based on the number of active user accounts . Facebook classifies users from the ages of 13 to 18 as minors and therefore sets their profiles to share content with friends only .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "f76b979f1ea2acd173772cb7cd85d3c0", "text": "Free Basics Internet.org is a partnership between social networking services company Facebook and six companies ( Samsung , Ericsson , MediaTek , Opera Software , Nokia and Qualcomm ) that plans to bring affordable access to selected Internet services to less developed countries by increasing efficiency , and facilitating the development of new business models around the provision of Internet access . The app delivering these services was renamed Free Basics in September 2015 . As of November 2016 40 million people are using internet.org . It has been criticized for violating net neutrality , and by handpicking internet services that are included , for discriminating against companies not in the list , including Facebook 's rivals . In February 2016 , regulators banned the Free Basics service in India based on `` Prohibition of Discriminatory Tariffs for Data Services Regulations '' . The Telecom Regulatory Authority of India ( TRAI ) accused Facebook of failing to pass on the four questions in the regulator 's consultation paper and also blocking access to TRAI 's designated email for feedback on Free Basics . On February 11 , 2016 Facebook withdrew the Free Basics platform from India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6e0af2bcf5464c95e59f05d15d141f2", "text": "Francisco Partners Francisco Partners is an American private equity firm focused exclusively on investments in technology and technology-enabled services businesses . Francisco Partners Management LLC was founded in August 1999 and is headquartered in San Francisco and maintains an additional office in London . Since inception , the firm has raised approximately $ 10 billion in committed capital across four funds and has built an investment portfolio including over 70 companies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1088da704ff1633fc673319ba882dc13", "text": "If(we) if ( we ) is a social and mobile technology company based in San Francisco , CA . and owned by MeetMe . It was originally known as Tagged Inc. and owns and operates social networks Tagged.com and Hi5.com and animated iOS messaging app Nod . The company operates as an incubator of new social technology and apps seeking to find the next big thing . The firm has been ranked the # 3 Best Place to Work in the Bay Area for medium size companies and has 140 employees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c35e9abc043259b9639bebbf43d1a2af", "text": "Proofpoint Systems, Inc Proofpoint Systems , Inc. is a provider of software , systems , and programs that support individual and organizational performance . Based in Silicon Valley ( Los Altos , California ) and founded in 2003 by Jim Hill , Proofpoint Systems developed the first browser-based performance analysis software systems . Proofpoint Systems has research and development facilities in Denver , Colorado , as well as sales offices in Phoenix , Arizona and Washington , D.C.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc37abe8179b7f3347c9d2de88c4cdb9", "text": "Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers ( KPCB ) is an American venture capital firm located on Sand Hill Road in Menlo Park in Silicon Valley . Specializing in investments in incubation , early stage and growth companies , since its founding in 1972 the firm has backed entrepreneurs in around 500 ventures , including AOL , Amazon.com , Compaq , Electronic Arts , Google , Netscape , Sun Microsystems , Nest , Snap , AppDynamics , and Twitter . Kleiner Perkins focuses its global investments in practice areas including technology and life sciences . The Wall Street Journal and other publications have called it one of the `` largest and most established '' venture capital firms and Dealbook named it `` one of Silicon Valley 's top venture capital providers . '' In addition to its Menlo Park headquarters , the company has offices in San Francisco and Shanghai , China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40ac4a857188df4e874db1545eb616d6", "text": "Social graph The social graph in the Internet context is a graph that depicts personal relations of internet users . In short , it is a model or representation of a social network , where the word graph has been taken from graph theory . The social graph has been referred to as `` the global mapping of everybody and how they 're related '' . The term was popularized at the Facebook F8 conference on May 24 , 2007 , when it was used to explain how the newly introduced Facebook Platform would take advantage of the relationships between individuals to offer a richer online experience . The definition has been expanded to refer to a social graph of all Internet users . Since explaining the concept of the social graph , Mark Zuckerberg , one of the founders of Facebook , has often touted Facebook 's goal of offering the website 's social graph to other websites so that a user 's relationships can be put to use on websites outside of Facebook 's control . This can be accomplished through the Facebook Open Graph API . One of the earliest known forms of the social graph was created in 2002 by Harvard student Philippe Bouzaglou in a paper published on the Harvard Department of Economics website . The paper replicated the Kevin Bacon Game using Harvard students and for the first time , gave an overview of an entire social graph , allowing the analysis of the characteristics of the network using graph theory . This paper was written for a seminar that was attended by Dustin Moskovitz who later became a Facebook co-founder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31cb13dfbe4998345f5423af3fa2921c", "text": "Adam D'Angelo Adam D'Angelo is the chief executive officer and co-founder of Quora , an online knowledge market based in Mountain View , California . He was chief technology officer of Facebook , and also served as its vice president of engineering . He left Facebook in 2008 . In June 2009 , he started Quora with Charlie Cheever , another early Facebook employee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22a1760af137af6beaabdd9d9a2ab144", "text": "Snap Inc. Snap Inc. is an American technology and social media company , founded on September 16 , 2011 by Evan Spiegel and Bobby Murphy and based in Venice , Los Angeles . It has three products : Snapchat , Spectacles , and Bitmoji . The company was originally named Snapchat Inc. upon its inception , but it was rebranded on September 24 , 2016 as Snap Inc. in order to include the Spectacles product under a single company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b471cbf3d85092fc0abc71539325e7f", "text": "Face book A face book or facebook is a printed or web directory found at some American universities consisting of individuals ' photographs and names . In particular , it denotes publications of this type distributed by university administrations at the start of the academic year , with the intention of helping students get to know each other .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a319e6a207fcf96bdc7201fc687875d", "text": "Loopt Loopt was a company based in Mountain View , California , United States which provided a service for smartphone users to share their location selectively with other people ( see location-based service ) . The service supported iPhone , BlackBerry , Android and Windows Phones . Loopt 's services had more than five million registered users and partnerships with every major U.S. mobile phone carrier . Their applications offered a variety of privacy controls . In addition to its core features , users also had the ability to integrate Loopt with other social networks , including Facebook and Twitter . The company was founded in 2005 and received initial funding from Y Combinator , and completed Series A and B financing led by Sequoia Capital and New Enterprise Associates . Over the life of the company , Loopt raised over $ 39 million in funding over 5 rounds . The company 's board members included TiVo-founder Mike Ramsay and Greg McAdoo of Sequoia Capital . In March 2012 Loopt agreed to be acquired by Green Dot Corporation for $ 43.4 million in cash , with $ 9.8 million of that to be set aside for employee retention .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc9c284ff0da7a7e8f26b1a11fdb7060", "text": "Founder.org Founder.org is a nonprofit foundation in San Francisco , California , United States that invests in student entrepreneurs . The organization features a company building program for student entrepreneurs at major research institutes and universities . Operated by a group of Silicon Valley entrepreneurs , Founder.org supports teams across various industries including sensors , sanitation , influencer marketing , biotechnology , health and transportation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7061dab0278eb739f3655ce2715b3718", "text": "United Online United Online , Inc. was an independent public company formed by the 2001 merger of NetZero and Juno Online Services . It is currently a subsidiary of investment bank B. Riley Financial . The company 's range of products and services has evolved significantly since its inception as a provider of dial-up Internet access . This has been aided by a series of acquisitions that have included Classmates Online ( 2004 ) , MyPoints ( 2006 ) , and FTD Group , Inc. ( 2008 ) . It is headquartered in Woodland Hills , California , United States . United Online claims to have more than 100 million registered accounts . The company 's Content & Media segment provides networking services and products ( Classmates and StayFriends ) and loyalty marketing ( MyPoints ) . Its primary communications segment services are internet access , and services and devices ( NetZero and Juno ) . United Online operates through a global network of locations in the U.S. , Germany , and India . On July 1 , 2016 , B. Riley Financial completed its acquisition of United Online for $ 11.00 per share in a transaction valued at approximately $ 170 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ea3230ed4c1491656d0a8e768509fae", "text": "Facebook like button The Facebook like button is a feature on the social networking website Facebook . It was first enabled on February 9 , 2009 . The like button enables users to easily interact with status updates , comments , photos , links shared by friends , and advertisements . Once clicked by a user , the designated content appears in the News Feeds of that user 's friends , and the button also displays the number of other users who have liked the content , including a full or partial list of those users . The like button was extended to comments in June 2010 . After extensive testing and years of questions from the public about whether it had an intention to incorporate a `` Dislike '' button , Facebook officially rolled out `` Reactions '' to users worldwide on February 24 , 2016 , letting users long-press on the like button for an option to use one of five pre-defined emotions , including `` Love '' , `` Haha '' , `` Wow '' , `` Sad '' , or `` Angry '' . Reactions were also extended to comments in May 2017 . The like button is one of Facebook 's social plug-ins , in which the button can be placed on third-party websites . Its use centers around a form of an advertising network , in which it gathers information about which users visit what websites . This form of functionality , a sort of web beacon , has been significantly criticized for privacy . Privacy activist organizations have urged Facebook to stop its data collection through the plug-in , and governments have launched investigations into the activity for possible privacy law violations . Facebook has stated that it anonymizes the information after three months , and that the data collected is not shared or sold to third parties . Additionally , the like button 's potential use as a measurement of popularity has caused some companies to sell likes through fake Facebook accounts , which in turn have sparked complaints from some companies advertising on Facebook that have received an abundance of fake likes that have distorted proper user metrics . Facebook states in its Terms of Service agreement that users may only create one personal page , and it has ongoing efforts against the spread of fake accounts . In the United States , pressing the `` like '' button on a page is protected as freedom of speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d30d1d513d813b8a34af80cfc091d71", "text": "History of Facebook Facebook is a social networking service launched on February 4 , 2004 . It was founded by Mark Zuckerberg with his college roommates and fellow Harvard University student Eduardo Saverin . The website 's membership was initially limited by the founders to Harvard students , but was expanded to other colleges in the Boston area , the Ivy League , and gradually most universities in Canada and the United States , corporations , and by September 2006 , to everyone of age 13 and older with a valid email address .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f490cd3cc1fb34dbff6b674caa834dc6", "text": "Millennial Media Millennial Media is an advertising company that places display ads on mobile devices . On September 3 , 2015 , AOL agreed to buy Millennial Media for US$ 238 million . On October 23 , 2015 , AOL completed the acquisition . The company is based in Baltimore , with offices in Boston , London , Singapore , New York City and San Francisco .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12bb0b14f8842c5631451b07c42b1c26", "text": "LimeLife LimeLife Inc. is an American privately held digital media company based in the San Francisco Bay Area . Investors include U.S. Venture Partners , Rustic Canyon Partners , Core Capital , Monitor Ventures and i-Hatch Ventures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8eb2fd40fdbefff01cf6bde71348f19", "text": "Facebook Home Facebook Home was a user interface layer for Android-compatible smartphones that was developed by Facebook . Designed to be a drop-in replacement for the existing home screen ( `` launcher '' ) on an Android device , the software provides a replacement home screen that allows users to easily view and post content on Facebook along with launching apps , a replacement lock screen that displays notifications from Facebook and other apps , and an overlay which allows users to chat via Facebook messages or SMS from any app . Facebook Home was unveiled at a press event on April 4 , 2013 , and was released on April 12 , 2013 for a limited selection of devices from HTC and Samsung Electronicsincluding the HTC First , a new smartphone pre-loaded with the software .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e6deaf6d4faed10d045f232bec54e43", "text": "Pelco Pelco Corporation , commonly referred to as Pelco , is an American-based security and surveillance technologies company , founded in 1957 and headquartered in Clovis , California . Pelco was purchased by current parent company , Schneider Electric , in 2007 and was incorporated into Schneider Electric 's Building Automation business unit . Pelco products are globally distributed and frequently found in airports , malls , office buildings , factories , and on college campuses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebcdb28ae0b44e4ed6357dc7fda26b10", "text": "The Dodo The Dodo is an American online publisher focused on animals and animal rights issues . The website was launched in January 2014 by Izzie Lerer , the daughter of media executive Kenneth Lerer . The Dodo has become one of the most popular Facebook publishers , garnering 1 billion video views from the social network in November 2015 . The Dodo is headquartered in New York , New York .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5dc8a6c5f496677a80c066983e30290d", "text": "F+W F+W , formerly F+W Publications and F+W Media , is a media and e-commerce company headquartered in New York City . Founded in 1913 , F+W publishes magazines , books , digital products including e-books and e-magazines , produces online video , offers online education , and owns and operates 21 e-stores , as well as consumer and trade shows . The company grew though a series of acquisitions , including book publisher David & Charles , Krause Publications in 2002 , Horticulture magazine , and Adams Media in 2003 . The private equity firm ABRY Partners purchased F+W in 2005 . On August 1 , 2012 F+W Media acquired Interweave , an arts and crafts media company based in Loveland , Colorado . In 2014 , F+W Media acquired New Track Media , renamed itself F+W , and was acquired by the private equity company Tinicum .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8472fe116e1283f9b6c3ff9d7fffb79b
Miley Cyrus died before releasing The Time of Our Lives.
[ { "docid": "efe7d175eccfcda443c3f71466c3c6e4", "text": "Miley Cyrus Miley Ray Cyrus ( born Destiny Hope Cyrus ; November 23 , 1992 ) is an American singer , songwriter , and actress . After playing minor roles in the television series Doc and the film Big Fish in her childhood , she became a teen idol starring as the character Miley Stewart in the Disney Channel television series Hannah Montana in 2006 . Her father Billy Ray Cyrus also starred in the show . She subsequently signed a recording contract with Hollywood Records , and her debut studio album Meet Miley Cyrus ( 2007 ) was certified triple-platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) having shipped over three million units . She released her second album Breakout and launched her film career as a voice actress in the animated film Bolt in 2008 . Cyrus starred in the feature film Hannah Montana : The Movie , and began cultivating a more mature image with her EP The Time of Our Lives in 2009 . In 2010 , she released her third album Ca n't Be Tamed , which stands as the lowest-selling record of her career , and starred in the coming-of-age film The Last Song . Cyrus focused on her acting career with several television and film appearances in 2011 and 2012 . Her sexually explicit behavior generated widespread controversy while promoting her fourth album Bangerz ( 2013 ) , her first under her recording contract with RCA Records . Cyrus ' independently-released fifth studio album Miley Cyrus & Her Dead Petz ( 2015 ) deviated from her traditional pop style for more psychedelic experimentation . In 2016 , she was a coach for the eleventh season of the singing competition series The Voice . With Bangerz , Cyrus achieved her third number-one album on the U.S. Billboard 200 , and fifth overall including Hannah Montana soundtrack albums . She has logged eight top 10 entries on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 with : `` See You Again '' , `` 7 Things '' , `` The Climb '' , `` Party in the U.S.A. '' , `` Ca n't Be Tamed '' , `` We Ca n't Stop '' , `` Malibu '' and the chart-topping `` Wrecking Ball '' . Cyrus has earned numerous awards and nominations , as Billboard ranked her as the fourth best-selling female artist of 2009 . She was ranked number thirteen on Forbes Celebrity 100 in 2010 , and in 2013 was declared `` Artist of the Year '' by MTV . She has been included on the Time 100 list of most influential people in 2008 and 2014 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d5cbb490bcd764797c09ceeb87aaf378", "text": "Madison Time Madison Time is an album recorded by American jazz pianist Ray Bryant recorded in 1959 and 1960 for the Columbia label . The album was released following the success of the Madison dance craze single `` The Madison Time '' which reached number 30 on the Billboard chart and number 5 on the R&B chart . The single also featured in the soundtrack to the 1988 film Hairspray .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15192d1c7b711944077e93b20b109d01", "text": "At My Time of Life At My Time of Life '' ' is a 1976 vinyl album recorded by Bing Crosby for United Artists , mostly at Chappells Studios in London in February 1975 . He was accompanied by Pete Moore and his Orchestra . The songs from the album were included on a 3-CD set called `` Bing Crosby -- The Complete United Artists Sessions '' issued by EMI Records ( 7243 59808 2 4 ) in 1997 . This included several previously unreleased alternate takes and studio chat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea9c0108a6294dff52c06bc0ae860abc", "text": "4x4 (song) `` 4x4 '' is a song by American recording artist Miley Cyrus featuring American rapper Nelly from Cyrus ' fourth studio album Bangerz ( 2013 ) . It was written and produced by Pharrell Williams , with additional songwriting provided by Cyrus and Nelly . The song is a country rap track that discusses having fun through the metaphor of a 4x4 truck . The song is sampled in British indie rock band Alt-J 's 2014 single `` Hunger of the Pine '' . `` 4x4 '' received generally favorable reviews from contemporary music critics , who appreciated its overall production and individuality compared to the other tracks included on Bangerz . Despite not having been released as a single , it peaked at number 41 on the U.S. Billboard Pop Digital Songs chart . Cyrus first performed the song during her episode of MTV Unplugged in January 2014 , and has also performed it during her Bangerz Tour . In August 2014 , Ubisoft revealed that the song will appear in Just Dance 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab7ef57dc82c3c67899f7cea4e7fae88", "text": "The Singles (Johnny Mathis album) The Singles is a four-disc box set by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released in 2015 by Columbia Records to commemorate the singer 's 80th birthday . In his review of the collection Joe Marchese explains that it `` does n't bring together every track released by the legendary artist on 45 RPM ; such an endeavor would take far more than four discs . Instead , it features the tracks originally released by Mathis on Columbia in the singles format -- in other words , non-LP sides -- between the years of 1956 and 1981 , in their original single mixes . '' His description of the compilation echoes that of compilation producer Didier C. Deutsch in the liner notes as explanation for the exclusion of the hit singles `` Misty '' from 1959 's Heavenly and his `` Too Much , Too Little , Too Late '' duet with Deniece Williams from You Light Up My Life in 1978 . Deutsch excuses these as `` songs extracted from specific albums to call attention to these albums . '' The set does , however , include `` Ten Times Forever '' and `` I Was There '' from his first 1971 LP , Love Story , and a shorter version of `` If We Only Have Love '' than the one that was included on his other 1971 album , You 've Got a Friend .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ea916bce5a4a157d75793297b95b84e", "text": "Time Bomb (album) Time Bomb is the second studio album by American rock band Buckcherry . It was produced by John Travis -LSB- -RSB- and released on March 27 , 2001 by DreamWorks Records . It is the band 's only album to feature guitarist Yogi Lonich and is the last album with the original line-up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bc51c6e831ab466ab487ec2d73c9290", "text": "Before Your Love `` Before Your Love '' is a song recorded by American pop singer Kelly Clarkson . It was released as her debut single alongside `` A Moment Like This '' on September 17 , 2002 , following her win as the first American Idol winner . It went on to become the best-selling single of 2002 in the United States . A new mix of song was later included on her debut album , Thankful ( 2003 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc2ac6f16ec7ff37255d9ab043192132", "text": "A Matter of Time (Jason Sellers album) A Matter of Time is the second and final album released by American country music artist Jason Sellers . Its title track was a Top 40 hit for him on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts in 1999 . One day after the album 's release , Sellers exited BNA Records ' roster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dc51542ea942743bacb2c1a868d5e81", "text": "Hannah Montana (season 1) The first season of the television series Hannah Montana was aired on Disney Channel from March 24 , 2006 to March 30 , 2007 , and included 26 episodes . It introduces the five main characters of the series and Miley Stewart 's situation of living a secret double life as a teen pop star . The season also introduces several significant recurring characters such as Roxy Roker , Jake Ryan , and Rico Suave . The season 's soundtrack was released on October 24 , 2006 under the title Hannah Montana '' . The season itself was released on DVD as a four disc set on November 18 , 2008 , by Disney DVD . Certain individual episodes had been released earlier on other Hannah Montana DVDs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7857cf9768ff317f8d4c517ab2b4b13", "text": "America: A Tribute to Heroes America : A Tribute to Heroes was a benefit concert created by the heads of the four major American broadcast networks ; Fox , ABC , NBC and CBS . Joel Gallen was selected by them to produce and run the show . Actor George Clooney organized celebrities to perform and to staff the telephone bank . The marketing and public relations was headed by Warner Bros. . EVP Corp Comm with assistance from the marketing and publicity departments of all four broadcast networks . It was broadcast live by the four major American television networks and all of the cable networks in the aftermath of the September 11 attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 . Done in the style of a telethon , it featured a number of national and international entertainers performing to raise money for the victims and their families , particularly the New York City firefighters and New York City police officers . It aired September 21 , 2001 , uninterrupted and commercial-free , for which it won a Peabody Award . It was released on December 4 , 2001 , on compact disc and DVD . On a dark stage illuminated by hundreds of candles , twenty-one artists performed songs of mourning and hope , while various actors and other celebrities delivered short spoken messages . The musical performances took place at three studios in Los Angeles ( CBS Television City ) , New York , and London , while the celebrity messages took place at Los Angeles . Some of the musicians including Neil Young and Eddie Vedder were heard working the phone banks taking pledges . The money raised amounted to over $ 200 million , and was given to the United Way 's September 11 Telethon Fund . In 2004 , Rolling Stone magazine selected this concert , along with the later The Concert for New York City , as one of the 50 moments that changed rock and roll . The show was also simulcast in Canada ; Young and another Canadian singer , Celine Dion , performed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d", "text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06fbfba59d1176f2bd324db24e79678d", "text": "Time (Steeleye Span album) Time is an album by Steeleye Span . The album was released in 1996 , after a seven-year hiatus . The impetus for the album was a 25th anniversary reunion tour the year before , during which most of the former members of the band performed together . Maddy Prior was experiencing voice problems so she spoke to Gay Woods , a founding member who had left the band after the first album , to rejoin . Woods initially resisted this move , since she had not performed publicly for some time , but Prior eventually prevailed and Woods returned to the band . The result was only the second Steeleye Span album to feature two female singers , which was used to very good effect on the ironic `` Old Maid in the Garrett '' and to a lesser extent on `` The Prickly Bush '' and `` The Cutty Wren '' . Both , Prior and Woods , provide lead vocals on different songs . Priors ' voice troubles are reflected in her musical choices on this album ; she generally sings less powerfully and in a lower range , but still effectively . Woods also introduced a few Irish elements to the bands ' repertoire , including the `` Old Maid in the Garrett/Tam Lin reel '' and her Bodhran . This album was to be Priors ' last album with Steeleye Span until 2002 's Present . In some ways , the album represents a revival of Steeleye Span . After a 16-year period , during which the band released only three albums , the band entered a more productive phase that continues down the present ; producing an album once every two years , including two in 2004 . The song `` Corbies '' is a remake of `` Twa Corbies '' , which appears on Hark ! The Village Wait . The theme of `` The Cutty Wren '' had also been explored before , in the song `` The King '' on Please to See the King , as well in `` Hunting the Wren '' on Live at Last . In this version , the band experimented with a complex scheme of vocal and instrumental placement , which is best appreciated with headphones . Overall , this version is much darker than `` The King '' and somewhat menacing . The album 's sound is rather fuller and more lush than their earlier albums , thanks in part to the addition of Harries ' keyboards on several sounds , most notably `` Corbies '' and `` The Elf Knight '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef122e695315bb86e9b7dd738faa1dba", "text": "The Funeral (Band of Horses song) `` The Funeral '' is a song by the American rock band Band of Horses , taken from their debut studio album , Everything All the Time ( 2006 ) . The alternative rock song was written by the band members . The song was released as the debut single from the band and lead single from the album . A live version of the song appeared earlier on the band 's self-titled EP , under the original name `` Billion Day Funeral '' . In August 2009 , Pitchfork Media named `` The Funeral '' the 67th-greatest song of the 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef19712b57d9af38d9d359844bf067ae", "text": "Could've Been Me `` Could 've Been Me '' is a song written by Reed Nielsen and Monty Powell , and performed by American country music artist Billy Ray Cyrus . It was released in July 1992 as the second single from his multi-platinum selling debut album , Some Gave All . The song reached number 2 on the U.S. Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart , behind `` Love 's Got a Hold on You '' by Alan Jackson and it also reached number-one on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart . It was the follow-up to the number 1 song , `` Achy Breaky Heart '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d61c867f45148006c499de33ea6b1aa", "text": "Patsy Cline discography The discography of Patsy Cline , an American country pop artist , consists of three studio albums , one compilation album , six extended plays , twenty four singles , and seven B-sides . For material released after the artist 's death in 1963 , see Patsy Cline posthumous discography . After performing in a band in 1954 , Cline was signed by Bill McCall to Four Star Records , based in Pasadena , California . She made her first recording session for the label in June 1955 , releasing her debut single , `` A Church , a Courtroom , and Goodbye '' in July . Cline issued seventeen singles to the country music recording charts between 1955 and 1960 ; however , only one of them was a major hit . After releasing the singles `` Hidin ' Out '' , `` I Love You Honey '' , and `` I 've Loved and Lost Again '' , her first single issued in 1957 , entitled `` Walkin ' After Midnight '' , peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Magazine Hot Country Songs list and # 12 on the Top Pop Songs chart . The song 's success spawned Cline 's self-titled debut album , released in August 1957 . Cline 's additional singles between 1958 and 1960 ranged in variations between country , Gospel , and Rockabilly . These songs included such releases as , `` Three Cigarettes ( In an Ashtray ) , '' `` Come On In ( And Make Yourself at Home ) , '' `` Dear God , '' and `` Crazy Dreams . '' In late 1960 , Cline signed with Four Star 's distributor , Decca . Working with producer Owen Bradley , Cline 's musical style changed from Honky Tonk to the Pop-influenced Nashville Sound . Her first Decca release was 1961 's `` I Fall to Pieces , '' which was recorded during her first session for the label . The single became her first number one single on the Billboard Country Chart , while also reaching # 12 on the Pop chart , and # 6 on the Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks list . Her second self-titled extended play was issued in August and contained the hit ; however , due to a major car accident , Cline could not promote the song . Its follow-up , `` Crazy '' , was released in October and became another crossover hit , reaching # 2 on the Billboard Country and Adult Contemporary chart , and # 9 on the Pop chart . Cline 's second studio album was then issued in November 1961 , entitled Patsy Cline Showcase and containing both hits . In its re-release in 1963 , the album peaked at # 73 on the Billboard 200 Albums Chart . Cline 's third Decca single , `` She 's Got You '' was released in January 1962 , and became her fourth major hit , reaching number one on Billboard '' 's Country Chart , # 14 on the Billboard Pop Chart , and # 3 on its Adult Contemporary chart . Because an album was not yet released , the extended play also titled , She 's Got You was released in April . She had two other major country hits that year : `` When I Get Thru ' With You '' ( # 10 ) and `` So Wrong '' ( # 14 ) . Her third and final official studio album named , Sentimentally Yours was released in August and contained `` She 's Got You '' , as well as , `` Heartaches '' , which reached # 31 in the United Kingdom . Many of the singles ' B-sides charted on the Country and Pop chart that year , including `` She 's Got You '' 's flip side , `` Strange '' and `` When I Get Thru ' With You '' 's flip , `` Imagine That '' . Cline released her final single during her lifetime in January 1963 entitled , `` Leavin ' on Your Mind . '' The song became a Top 10 hit on the Billboard '' Country Chart , while also reaching # 83 on the Pop chart . Patsy Cline died March 5 , 1963 in a plane crash in Camden , Tennessee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ba94c5d05a009eb360b55840b9aeb25", "text": "The Definitive Collection (Billy Ray Cyrus album) The Definitive Collection is a compilation album released from country music singer-songwriter , Billy Ray Cyrus in June 2004 . The album is part of Universal Music Group 's The Definitive Collection series and was released without Cyrus ' supervision , thus no new material was recorded . `` Fastest Horse in a One-Horse Town '' was not previously included on any of Cyrus 's albums , although he recorded it for a compilation called NASCAR : Runnin ' Wide Open .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "408a9e57ad482d9110c4f18e1c2b6957", "text": "Killing Time (Tina Cousins album) Killing Time is the first album by the British singer Tina Cousins . Released in 1999 ( 2000 in the US ) , it was produced by Pete Waterman with co-production by Mark Topham and Karl Twigg . The album contained the song `` Pray '' , which was released in the United States soon after its rapid success in both the United Kingdom and Australia . However , the single did not make an impact on American radio until late 2006 , when it was added to the music databases of a few rhythmic/dance format stations . The album also contained the singles `` Killin ' Time '' , `` Forever '' , `` Angel '' and `` Nothing to Fear '' which , like `` Pray '' , only became popular in 2005 and 2006 , after their release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf122debc9881c2a0016a6a68ed42424", "text": "Times of Our Lives Times of Our Lives may refer to : Times of Our Lives ( video ) , a video of Ocean Colour Scene 's 1997 performance at the Royal Albert Hall Times of Our Lives ( Judy Collins album ) , a 1982 album by Judy Collins", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5", "text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b2cb9df678d5e1924f82b992ab1d5c6", "text": "Death of Aaliyah Aaliyah Dana Haughton was an American recording artist who was killed in a plane crash on August 25 , 2001 after boarding a twin-engine Cessna 402B at the Marsh Harbour Airport on the Abaco Islands , Bahamas . She had just completed her work for the music video for her single `` Rock the Boat '' . Employees of Virgin Records America accompanied her on the flight . The light aircraft , piloted by Luis Morales III , crashed shortly after takeoff . In addition to Aaliyah , eight other people were killed in the accident . She was 22 years old . The investigation following the crash looked into the possibility that the aircraft was overloaded . Three days after the crash , Aaliyah 's remains were returned to the United States . Her funeral was held August 31 , 2001 in Manhattan . Her death came only a month after the release of her self-titled third album , Aaliyah . Posters for the album became memorials for grieving fans . At her funeral , she was eulogized by her brother Rashad Haughton .", "title": "" } ]
fever
80a0627075196499ddcbd402a45e0aff
Adrienne Bailon is a farmer.
[ { "docid": "1fa485f854cc3c5884ae7012fde33904", "text": "Adrienne Bailon Adrienne Eliza Houghton ( née Bailon ; born October 24 , 1983 ) is an American singer-songwriter , recording artist , actress , dancer and television personality . Adrienne Bailon first became publicly known when she rose to fame as one of the founding members and singer of both 3LW ( 1999 -- 2007 ) and Disney 's The Cheetah Girls ( 2003 -- 2008 ) . Bailon recorded a debut solo album which was later shelved . Since then , Bailon has stated that she plans to record a Spanish-language solo album . Aside from her work in 3LW and The Cheetah Girls , Bailon went on to develop her own acting career with roles in The Cheetah Girls films , Coach Carter and the MTV film All You 've Got . Aside from her work in film , she has also guest starred in numerous television series including the Disney Channel series That 's So Raven and The Suite Life of Zack & Cody . Bailon has established a solo music career , contributing two solo tracks , including `` What If '' , to The Cheetah Girls : One World soundtrack as well as the Confessions of a Shopaholic soundtrack , and numerous other guest musical ventures . Bailon co-stars alongside television personality , model and actress Julissa Bermudez in their own reality series , Empire Girls : Julissa and Adrienne which airs on the Style Network . Adrienne met Julissa on the set of the 2006 film All You 've Got . Currently , Bailon is one of the hosts of syndicated talk show The Real along with former fellow Disney Channel star Tamera Mowry , Jeannie Mai , and Loni Love , which premiered on July 15 , 2013 . Bailon 's career , spanning over 16 years with both 3LW and The Cheetah Girls , has helped her sell a combined 5.6 million recording albums worldwide .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "510f4e5f310f04cb6280d510c4ba4f91", "text": "Oxford Farming Conference The Oxford Farming Conference ( OFC ) is an annual conference for the UK 's farmers that takes place in Oxford , United Kingdom , in the first week of January . The 63rd annual conference was held 5 -- 7 January 2009 . Speakers included the Secretary of State for Environment , Food and Rural Affairs , Hilary Benn , and the chief scientist of the UK government 's Department for Environment , Food and Rural Affairs ( Defra ) , Professor Robert Watson . The 2010 Oxford Farming Conference was held at the University of Oxford 's Examination Schools , in the High Street , central Oxford , on 4 -- 6 January 2010 . The OFC has been mentioned in the long-running BBC Radio 4 series , The Archers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b612a7bb1e86271e24e69a12f1b1b76a", "text": "Adrienne Adrienne is the French feminine form of the male name Adrien . Its meaning is literally `` from the city Hadria . '' It also means `` the dark one '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e84b552ba6ed209ff17ba01b5cb978f", "text": "Agricultural subsidy An agricultural subsidy is a governmental subsidy paid to farmers and agribusinesses to supplement their income , manage the supply of agricultural commodities , and influence the cost and supply of such commodities . Examples of such commodities include : wheat , feed grains ( grain used as fodder , such as maize or corn , sorghum , barley , and oats ) , cotton , milk , rice , peanuts , sugar , tobacco , oilseeds such as soybeans , and meat products such as beef , pork , and lamb and mutton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88bd4232aba4cca5a6e60e3b7b09446a", "text": "Allotment (gardening) An allotment garden ( British English ) , often called simply an allotment , or a community garden ( North America ) is a plot of land made available for individual , non-commercial gardening or growing food plants . Such plots are formed by subdividing a piece of land into a few or up to several hundred land parcels that are assigned to individuals or families . Such parcels are cultivated individually , contrary to other community garden types where the entire area is tended collectively by a group of people . In countries that do not use the term allotment ( garden ) , a community garden can refer to individual small garden plots as well as to a single , large piece of land gardened collectively by a group of people . The term victory garden is also still sometimes used , especially when a community garden dates back to World War II or I. The individual size of a parcel typically suits the needs of a family , and often the plots include a shed for tools and shelter , and sometimes a hut for seasonal or weekend accommodation . The individual gardeners are usually organised in an allotment association , which leases or is granted the land from an owner who may be a public , private or ecclesiastical entity , and who usually stipulates that it be only used for gardening ( i.e. growing vegetables , fruits and flowers ) , but not for permanent residential purposes ( this is usually also required by zoning laws ) . The gardeners have to pay a small membership fee to the association , and have to abide by the corresponding constitution and by-laws . However , the membership entitles them to certain democratic rights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30b642eec71a457f49a8ecfcb0dfd0a5", "text": "Gráinne (given name) Gráinne is a feminine given name in the Irish language . The name is of an uncertain origin , although it is possible that it may be connected with the word grán , meaning `` grain '' , and thus refer to an ancient corn goddess . The name is borne by a character in Irish mythology -- Gráinne , who was the daughter of Cormac mac Airt , a legendary High King of Ireland . The name can be Latinised as Grania ; and can be Anglicised as Granya . The name Gráinne can also be represented in English as Grace , Gertrude , and Gertie . These English names are etymologically unrelated to Gráinne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d401215e9e6fa8690a8be757972200db", "text": "Contract farming Contract farming involves agricultural production being carried out on the basis of an agreement between the buyer and farm producers . Sometimes it involves the buyer specifying the quality required and the price , with the farmer agreeing to deliver at a future date . More commonly , however , contracts outline conditions for the production of farm products and for their delivery to the buyer 's premises . The farmer undertakes to supply agreed quantities of a crop or livestock product , based on the quality standards and delivery requirements of the purchaser . In return , the buyer , usually a company , agrees to buy the product , often at a price that is established in advance . The company often also agrees to support the farmer through , e.g. , supplying inputs , assisting with land preparation , providing production advice and transporting produce to its premises . The term `` outgrower scheme '' is sometimes used synonymously with contract farming , most commonly in Eastern and Southern Africa . Contract farming can be used for many agricultural products , although in developing countries it is less common for staple crops such as rice and maize .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "541780ece6c18459a1ffa81d23bf3c70", "text": "Celia Griffin Celia Griffin ( 1841 -- March 1847 ) , Irish famine victim . Griffin was born and raised on the Martin estate in Connemara , being a native of Corindulla , near Ross . The family were badly hit by the famine , and in February 1847 walked the thirty miles to Galway in search of relief . `` However , many city dwellers shunned these refugees arriving amongst them , a situation born more out of fear of contacting disease rather than selfishness or indifference . '' Brother Paul O'Connor ran the Orphans ' Breakfast Institute in Lombard Street , where Celia and her siblings were fed . However , more and more people arrived each day , and the Institute could not feed them all . What became of Griffin 's parents is unknown . She and her two sisters were taken into the Presentation Convent on Presentation Road in the second week of March when Celia collapsed on the street . Attempts by the nuns to save her failed and she died as a result of the effects of starvation . An inquest into her death was held on Thursday 11 March 1847 . '' An inquest was held on Thursday last , before Michael Perrin , Esq. , D.C. , at the Presentation Convent , on view of the body of Celia Griffin , a girl about six years of age , from the village of Corindulla , near Ross , in this county . It appeared in evidence that the poor creature had been reduced to extreme poverty and that the family to whom she belonged , eight in number , were in the same pitiful condition . She had been recommended to the Ladies of the Presentation , by Rev. George Usher , as a fit object for relief , and accordingly she and her two sisters received a daily breakfast at that excellent Institute . They met Mr Usher on the Rahoon road about a fortnight ago , but famine had so preyed upon her feeble constitution , that , on the morning of Wednesday , she was unable to taste food of any description -- so that on the post mortem examination made by Doctor Staunton , there was not a particle found in her stomach . '' `` She with her father , mother , brothers , and sisters , came to Galway about six weeks ago , in the hope of obtaining some charitable relief , and during that period have been begging in the streets , and about the country . The parents of the deceased formerly resided on the estate of Thomas Martin , Esq , MP . When Doctor Staunton was called on he found deceased is a state of inanition , except an occasional convulsive action of the muscles , and her body might be said to be literally skin and bone -- with all the appearance of starvation . She was so exhausted , as not to be able to use the food supplied to her . The Jury found that her death was caused for want of the common necessaries of life , before she received relief at the Presentation Convent . '' On the 4 July 2012 the Galway Famine Ship Memorial was dedicated at the Celia Griffin Memorial Park at Grattan Beach , Galway . According to the Galway Independent , `` The unveiling of the monument will be Galway 's tribute to Celia Griffin and the many thousands of children like her who perished in the Famine , and also to the ships and crews which carried so many of our people to safety ... -LSB- as -RSB- ... Celia Griffin has come to symbolise all the children who lost their lives in the Great Famine . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0051884527348df5f180f3ba39e28a7", "text": "Ecoagriculture Eco friendly agriculture describes landscapes that support both agricultural production and biodiversity conservation , working in harmony together to improve the livelihoods of rural communities . While many rural communities have independently practiced eco-agriculture for thousands of years , over the past century many of these landscapes have given way to segregated land use patterns , with some areas employing intensive farming practices without regard to biodiversity impacts , and other areas fenced off completely for habitat or watershed protection . A new eco-agriculture movement is now gaining momentum to unite land managers and other stakeholders from diverse environments to find compatible ways to conserve biodiversity while also enhancing agricultural production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dec51a7f526156bb195f060001cc6749", "text": "Richland (Harwood, Maryland) Richland is a historic home at Harwood , Anne Arundel County , Maryland . It is a - story , frame , hip-roofed dwelling of approximately 3000 sqft . It was constructed for gentleman farmer Robert Murray Cheston ( 1849 -- 1904 ) and his wife , the former Mary Murray ( 1859 -- 1943 ) . It is the only known late-19th-century rural Anne Arundel County dwelling definitively associated with a specific architectural firm . The plans were prepared by the Roanoke , Virginia based architectural firm of Noland and de Saussure , founded by William C. Noland . The home reflects both the Colonial Revival and Queen Anne architecture styles . The house on the 332 acre Richland farm was built in 1893 . In the 1950s , the Cheston family subdivided the property and sold the house with approximately 58 acres to the Talliaferro family , and sold the remaining acreage to the Catterton family . The Talliaferro family named their new parcel `` Thanksgiving Fam '' . In 1996 , the Heimbuch family purchased Thanksgiving Farm from the Talliaferro family , began planting vineyards1998 , completed a restoration of the house in 2004 , and opened a winery on the property in 2006 . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98e71b7ade4618d9baa287f28b9c046e", "text": "Agriculture in Finland Agriculture in Finland is characterized by the northern climate and self-sufficiency in most major agricultural products . Its economic role is declining in terms of GNP and employment in primary production , but together with the food industry and forestry with which it is linked , it forms a significant part of the Finnish economy . The number of farms has steadily declined for the last decades . Between 2000 and 2012 their number fell from almost 80,000 in 2000 to about 60,000 , while the amount of arable land has slightly increased to a total of almost 2.3 million hectares . Agriculture employed 125,000 people in 2010 , which is a drop of 30 percent from 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b04a1dea069f6cfb50d6e0b2e626bac6", "text": "William H. Hinton William Howard Hinton ( February 2 , 1919 -- May 15 , 2004 ) was an American farmer and prolific writer . A Marxist , he is best known for his book Fanshen , published in 1966 , a `` documentary of revolution '' which chronicled the land reform program of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) in the 1940s in Zhangzhuangcun ( 张庄村 , pinyin : Zhāngzhuāngcūn ) , sometimes translated as Long Bow Village , a village in Shanxi Province in northern China . Sequels followed the experience of the village during the 1950s and Cultural Revolution . Hinton wrote and lectured extensively to explain the Maoist approach and , in later years , to criticize Deng Xiaoping 's market reforms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c1fb02d3c7d491700593bfce60b0e72", "text": "Plough A plough ( UK ) or plow ( US ; both -LSB- ˈplaʊ -RSB- ) is a tool or farm implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil . Ploughs were traditionally drawn by working animals such as horses or cattle , but in modern times are drawn by tractors . A plough may be made of wood , iron , or steel frame with an attached blade or stick used to cut the earth . It has been a basic instrument for most of recorded history , although written references to the plough do not appear in English until c. 1100 at which point it is referenced frequently . The plough represents one of the major agricultural inventions in human history . The primary purpose of ploughing is to turn over the upper layer of the soil , bringing fresh nutrients to the surface , while burying weeds and the remains of previous crops and allowing them to break down . As the plough is drawn through the soil it creates long trenches of fertile soil called furrows . In modern use , a ploughed field is typically left to dry out , and is then harrowed before planting . Ploughing and cultivating a soil homogenises and modifies the upper 12 to 25 cm of the soil to form a plough layer . In many soils , the majority of fine plant feeder roots can be found in the topsoil or plough layer . Ploughs were initially human-powered , but the process became considerably more efficient once animals were pressed into service . The first animal-powered ploughs were undoubtedly pulled by oxen , and later in many areas by horses ( generally draft horses ) and mules , although various other animals have been used for this purpose . In industrialised countries , the first mechanical means of pulling a plough were steam-powered ( ploughing engines or steam tractors ) , but these were gradually superseded by internal-combustion-powered tractors . Modern competitions take place for ploughing enthusiasts like the National Ploughing Championships in Ireland . Use of the plough has decreased in some areas , often those significantly threatened by soil damage and erosion , in favour of shallower ploughing and other less-invasive conservation tillage techniques . Natural farming methods are emerging that do not involve any ploughing at all , unless an initial ploughing is necessary to break up hardpan on a new plot to be cultivated , so that the newly introduced soil life can penetrate and develop more quickly and deeply . By not ploughing , beneficial fungi and microbial life can develop that will eventually bring air into the soil , retain water and build up nutrients . A healthy soil full of active fungi and microbial life , combined with a diverse crop ( making use of companion planting ) , suppresses weeds and pests naturally and retains rainwater . Thus the intensive use of water - , oil - and energy hungry irrigation , fertilisers and herbicides are avoided . Cultivated land becomes more fertile and productive over time , while tilled land tends to go down in productivity over time due to erosion and the removal of nutrients with every harvest . Proponents of permaculture claim that it is the only way of farming that can be maintained when fossil fuel runs out . On the other hand , the advantage of agricultural methods that require repeated ploughing are that they allow monocropping on a large scale at remote locations , using industrial machinery rather than human labour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82f19b80c1cf4cb374baef1f1a4148ca", "text": "Cattle feeding Different cattle feeding production systems have separate advantages and disadvantages . Most cattle in the US have a diet that is composed of at least some forage ( grass , legumes , or silage ) . In fact , most beef cattle are raised on pasture from birth in the spring until autumn ( 7 to 9 months ) . Then for pasture-fed animals , grass is the forage that composes all or at least the great majority of their diet . Cattle fattened in feedlots are fed small amounts of hay supplemented with grain , soy and other ingredients in order to increase the energy density of the diet . The debate is whether cattle should be raised on diets primarily composed of pasture ( grass ) or a concentrated diet of grain , soy , corn and other supplements . The issue is often complicated by the political interests and confusion between labels such as `` free range '' , `` organic '' , or `` natural '' . Cattle raised on a primarily forage diet are termed grass-fed or pasture-raised ; for example meat or milk may be called grass-fed beef or pasture-raised dairy . However , the term `` pasture-raised '' can lead to confusion with the term `` free range '' , which does not describe exactly what the animals eat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6337542f2c29c66bee316cb7b60dd669", "text": "Agrial Agrial is a French agricultural cooperative and food-processor with operations in dairy , beef , poultry , vegetables and fruit . The company has a workforce of 12,000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f01fed8c23a203ab141752a11acd7c3", "text": "The Genesee Farmer The Genesee Farmer or Genesee Farmer was a very early periodical founded by Luther Tucker in 1831 in Rochester , New York . It was devoted to agriculture and horticulture as well as the domestic and rural economy . Volume `` X '' ( ten ) was published in 1849 , Volume `` XI '' ( eleven ) in 1850 , and Volume `` XX '' ( twenty ) second series was published in 1859 . It was one of the very earliest of its kind , a move that began in the early 19th century . There were only 600 subscribers the at the end of the first year , by 1839 it had grown to 19,000 subscribers . It was available as a weekly paper or a monthly journal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0113dcd279705361b65e92d8bedbef63", "text": "Farmers' Market (New York City) There are over 50 farmer 's markets in New York City in all boroughs , which operate under GrowNYC under the `` Greenmarket '' name . GrownNYC 's food hub , `` Greenmarket , '' includes Greenmarket Co. , Youthmarket , Fresh Food Box , and the Wholesale Greenmarket under it 's programming . Greenmarket farmers market aims to encourage regional agriculture by allowing small family farms to sell their locally grown fruits , vegetables , flowers , dairy and other products , so that people in New York of all incomes and in all parts , have access to the fresh , nutritious , provincial , affordable and sustainable goods . GrownNYC 's network , Greenmarket Co. has customers that range from Michelin starred restaurants , popular food retailers to family run bodegas , senior centers and soap kitchens ; and their sources are not only from small to mid sized farms in Northeast region of New York State and New York City but also from farms in New Jersey , Pennsylvania and New England , providing New Yorkers with a bountiful and diverse array of fresh foods ☂ . One well-known farmer 's market in New York is the Union Square Greenmarket which was founded in 1976 , held year-round on Mondays , Wednesdays , Fridays and Saturdays with changing vendors on different days . The number of regional farmers , fishers , and bakers go as high as 140 during the most popular seasons , when the market is visited by food-enthusiast New Yorkers . Union square farmers market offers seasonal , fresh fruits and vegetables , artisanal cheeses , meats , breads , pickles , jams , wines , flowers amongst many others . The market is situated at the city 's one of the most vibrant locations and allows about 60,000 people to shop , taste and tour while meeting with farmers", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ee79c4809d0b8a7212fe51fef62fc1a", "text": "Tenant farmer A tenant farmer is one who resides on land owned by a landlord . Tenant farming is an agricultural production system in which landowners contribute their land and often a measure of operating capital and management ; while tenant farmers contribute their labor along with at times varying amounts of capital and management . Depending on the contract , tenants can make payments to the owner either of a fixed portion of the product , in cash or in a combination . The rights the tenant has over the land , the form , and measure of the payment varies across systems ( geographically and chronologically ) . In some systems , the tenant could be evicted at whim ( tenancy at will ) ; in others , the landowner and tenant sign a contract for a fixed number of years ( tenancy for years or indenture ) . In most developed countries today , at least some restrictions are placed on the rights of landlords to evict tenants under normal circumstances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "700ce4e1fec0d7e8c9cdb2a156885321", "text": "Mixed farming Mixed farming is an agrarian system that comprises farming along with the raising of livestock simultaneously . When on a farm along-with crop production , some other agriculture based practice like poultry , dairy farming or bee keeping etc. is adopted , then this system of farming is known as mixed farming . It is the dominant system in Europe and now in parts of India , where most farms have a mixture of fields and pastures.It was first mainly used for self-consumption , but now in Advanced countries like USA , Japan , etc. , this is done for a commercial purpose For example , the same farm may grow cereal crops , and keep cattle , sheep , pigs or poultry . In mixed farming , along with farming some other agriculture based practices are also carried out . Often the dung from the cattle is used to fertilize the cereal crops . Before horses were used for haulage , many young male cattle were often not butchered as surplus for meat but castrated and used as bullocks to haul the cart and the plough .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b22514694f11066b73d899ebf7d98c4", "text": "Fanny Farmer Fanny Farmer was an American candy manufacturer and retailer . Fanny Farmer was started in Rochester , New York by Frank O'Connor in 1919 and grew to over 400 stores before being bought and consolidated . O'Connor had previously started the Laura Secord Candy Shops in Toronto , Canada in 1913 . The company was named in honor of culinary expert Fannie Farmer , who had died four years earlier ; she had nothing to do with the candy stores , and her recipes were not being used . `` The spelling of the first name was altered to avoid confusion . '' However , as a marketing device , it suggested reflected glory : high standards of quality . Fanny Farmer stores shared a look that was similar to that of Fanny May . John D. Hayes was president of the company for many years , from its earliest years through the 1950s . He was a shrewd businessman , and guided the company through some difficult times . During the Depression , candy sales were dropping until he slashed retail prices , and kept the company in business . During World War II , he self-imposed rationing on company stores in the US , to ensure adequate supplies of candy for the armed forces overseas . He was named 1955 `` Candy Man of the Year '' by the candy industry . He was also blind . In 1962 , a proxy fight allowed a group of stock market investors from New York City & New England , without experience in the candy industry , to gain control of the Fanny Farmer company . They pushed for continuous expansion of the company , spending heavily to open more retail stores , despite facing increasing retail competition . This expansion by new management financially stressed the company . In 1992 the Archibald Candy Company acquired the brand `` Fanny Farmer '' and its 200 retail stores in the northeastern United States ) as a sister brand to its own Fannie May candies ( sold primarily in the Midwest and mid-Atlantic United States ) . Alpine Confections purchased both brands in 2004 after Archibald filed for bankruptcy , and merged Fanny Farmer into Fannie May . An errant path of merger and acquisitions , whereby the company became the largest chain of candy retailers in the country but without adequate financing and a viable corporate strategy , was blamed for the bankruptcy . In its current iteration at 1-800-Flowers , the successor corporation sells Fanny May and Fanny Farmer products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bcba228bc18d1e7f7a75e026b526a81", "text": "Estate (land) Historically an estate comprises the houses and outbuildings and supporting farmland and woods that surround the gardens and grounds of a very large property , such as a country house or mansion . It is the modern term for a manor , but lacks the latter 's now abolished jurisdictional authority . It is an `` estate '' because the profits from its produce and rents are sufficient to support the household in the house at its center , formerly known as the manor house . Thus `` the estate '' may refer to all other cottages and villages in the same ownership as the mansion itself , covering more than one former manor . Examples of such great estates are Woburn Abbey in Bedfordshire , England , and Blenheim Palace , Oxfordshire built to replace the former manor house of Woodstock . `` Estate '' , with its `` stately home '' connotations , has been a natural candidate for inflationary usage during the 20th century . An estate properly so-called should comprise several farms , and is not well used to describe a single farm . More generally and usually in modern times , an estate is any large packet of land in single ownership : see Council estate Housing estate Industrial estate", "title": "" } ]
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f9c0a2609dbcef6f5d916b24064328c3
Cosmopolitan as of 2011 contains content which includes articles on relationships.
[ { "docid": "9bf239e46416cabcf70b97f00aa5cbae", "text": "Cosmopolitan (magazine) Cosmopolitan is an international fashion magazine for women . Formerly titled The Cosmopolitan , the magazine was first published in 1886 in the United States as a family magazine ; it was later transformed into a literary magazine and eventually became a women 's magazine in the late 1960s . Often referred to as Cosmo , its content as of 2011 includes articles on women 's issues , relationships , sex , health , careers , self-improvement , celebrities , fashion , and beauty . Published by Hearst Corporation , Cosmopolitan has 64 international editions , is printed in 35 languages , and is distributed in more than 110 countries .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a139eddecd5361695c6ccc977a169a4b", "text": "Attachment measures Attachment measures refer to the various procedures used to assess attachment in children and adults . Researchers have developed various ways of assessing patterns of attachment in children . A variety of methods allow children to be classified into four attachment pattern groups : secure , anxious-ambivalent , anxious-avoidant , and disorganized/disoriented , or assess disorders of attachment . These patterns are also referred to as Secure ( Group B ) ; Anxious/Resistant ( Group C ) ; Avoidant ( Group A ) and Disorganized/Controlling ( Group D ) . The disorganized/controlling attachment classification is thought to represent a breakdown in the attachment-caregiving partnership such that the child does not have an organized behavioral or representational strategy to achieve protection and care from the attachment figure . Each pattern group is further broken down into several sub-categories . A child classified with the disorganized/controlling attachment will be given a `` next best fit '' organized classification . Attachment in adults is commonly measured using the Adult Attachment Interview , the Adult Attachment Projective Picture System , and self-report questionnaires . Self-report questionnaires assess attachment style , a personality dimension that describes attitudes about relationships with romantic partners . Adult attachment style is thought to be similar to childhood attachment patterns . There is some research that shows a link between childhood attachment patterns and attachment personality dimensions with romantic partners , but correlations are mild to moderate . The most common approach to defining attachment style is a two-dimension approach in defining attachment style . One dimension deals with anxiety about the relationship , and the other dimension dealing with avoidance in the relationship . Another approach defines four adult attachment style categories : secure , preoccupied , dismissive-avoidant , and fearful-avoidant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86a22f161044b9fe5454704c3fcfb310", "text": "Civil union A civil union , also referred to by a variety of other names , is a legally recognized arrangement similar to marriage . These unions have been established in a number of countries since the late 1990s , often developing from less formal domestic partnership legislation . In Denmark , Iceland , Norway and Sweden , they have since been replaced , and in a number of other countries supplemented , by same-sex marriage . Civil unions are often seen by campaigners as a `` first step '' towards legalizing marriage for same-sex couples . While civil unions are predominantly established for both opposite-sex and same-sex couples , in a number of countries they are available to same-sex couples only . Beginning with Denmark in 1989 , civil unions under one name or another have been established by law in several , mostly developed , countries in order to provide legal recognition of relationships formed by unmarried same-sex couples and to afford them rights , benefits , tax breaks , and responsibilities similar or identical to those of legally married couples . In Brazil , civil unions were first created for opposite-sex couples in 2002 , and then expanded to include same-sex unions through judicial decision nine years later . Many jurisdictions with civil unions recognize foreign unions if those are essentially equivalent to their own ; for example , the United Kingdom lists equivalent unions in Civil Partnership Act Schedule 20 . Same-sex marriages performed abroad are commonly recognised as civil unions in jurisdictions that only have the latter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67544cc6e75e7a17f534cf79db4d84a7", "text": "Journal of Marriage and Family The Journal of Marriage and Family is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the National Council on Family Relations . It was established in 1939 as Living , renamed to Marriage and Family Living in 1941 , and obtained its current title in 1964 . The current editor-in-chief is Kristi Williams ( Ohio State University ) . The journal covers research and theory , research interpretation and reviews , and critical discussion on all aspects of marriage , close relationships , and families . Journal of Marriage and Family is indexed by Thomson Reuters . According to the Journal Citation Reports '' , the journal has a 2015 2-year impact factor of 1.873 . Google Scholar ranks it first among journals in Family Studies and 6th among sociology journals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11205b1f602abb865a42f818aa14b0ab", "text": "Kathleen Gerson Kathleen Gerson ( born August 6 , 1947 ) is an American sociologist . She is considered as an authority on such subjects as gender equality particularly within relationships and marriages , changing gender roles , family housework patterns , travel patterns , finances and how they affect household formation , and other aspects of changing family life . Her research is often based on qualitative interviews . She is a tenured professor at New York University . Gerson 's research has studied changing patterns among men and women in the past few decades . She found that young American men ideally want `` equal relationships '' but that in practice it is often hard to achieve in the real world with `` round-the-clock hours and unpredictable on-call availability . '' In her 2009 book The Unfinished Revolution , she argued that young men and women often planned to marry but were taking their time , and that many found it acceptable to stay unwed if they can not meet their self-imposed high standards for themselves or their partners ; she wrote that young women increasingly would prefer to stay single rather than marry and become the sole household raiser of children . Gerson examined changing patterns among fathers and mothers and housework . For example , she argued in 1997 that the perception that `` women can do it all '' -- in the sense of having both a career and a family -- that this perception caused problems , since fathers reluctant to pitch in with household chores could use that perception as an excuse for them not to work , and fathers who wanted to help out with housework were often not accepted by society . She argued that changes in workplace policies affected thinking about gender roles , and that gender boundaries were `` blurring '' . Her examinations of young people who were dating found it less likely that women were seeking men with large `` paychecks '' and men seeking women as `` sex objects '' , but rather that both sexes were `` looking for the whole package '' . She argued that women who left the workforce did not do so simply to care for children but rather that the motivations were `` much more complicated . '' Her studies detailed numerous stresses on modern marriages , with couples striving to find satisfying relationships while divvying chores in egalitarian ways . In recent years , as persons age , they will move in and out of `` different types of families '' during their lives , according to her research . She found that men are less concerned if their girlfriend or wife earns more than they do , and more concerned with longer-term issues such as affording a house . She said that Americans were less likely to spend more time on vacation , compared to Europeans , partially because of a culture of `` vacation-shaming '' and not purely economic concerns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e022bc271f1089d1e5d39874fc22bb46", "text": "Listings magazine A listings magazine is a magazine which is largely dedicated to information about the upcoming week 's events such as broadcast programming , music , clubs , theatre and film information . The BBC 's Radio Times was the world 's first listings magazine when it was founded in 1923 to compete with daily newspapers , which had hitherto fulfilled the role . . With the expansion of broadcast media many others have followed , expanding the format to include columns about media production and personalities , such as TV Hebdo ( Québec ) in Canada , TV Guide in the US and hundreds of others worldwide . Broadcast guides are normally published either with a Saturday or Sunday newspaper or are published weekly or fortnightly . It has become a highly competitive area of publishing . Other listings magazines have started from a primary base in cultural events , such as Time Out magazine in the UK . Most major cities worldwide have one or many more such publications . During the politically charged 1970s and 1980s , many of these magazines , in the UK at least , played a progressive role as part of the alternative press and had a reputation for leftward leaning investigative and campaigning journalism . They were some of the first consumer magazines to carry lists of `` agitprop '' events . City Limits was probably the most outspoken of all UK-based listings magazines but almost all followed Time Out 's lead of including space for lesbian and gay events and clubs . In certain areas of the UK which were previously dominated by the old guard of regional newspapers , which were traditionally more conservative in outlook , this was the first time that gay issues were put on a par with others - this was particularly true of Bristol 's Venue ( magazine ) , Southampton 's Due South Magazine , and to a lesser extent Manchester 's City Life where the local press ( Manchester Evening News ) had been at times at least , a little more tolerant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a040a01a214f234fe1b6c49dc9c3aa5", "text": "Prospect (magazine) Prospect is a monthly British general interest magazine , specialising in politics , economics and current affairs . Topics include British , European , and US politics , social issues , art , literature , cinema , science , the media , history , philosophy , and psychology . It features a mixture of lengthy analytic articles , first-person reportage , one-page columns , and shorter , quirky items . Notable features of the magazine include head-to-head debates between two writers with opposing views on a subject ; roundtable discussions , in which a series of experts with varying views on a given topic meet for a discussion , an edited transcript of which is published in the magazine ; and interviews with major political and cultural figures ( recent examples include Orhan Pamuk , Paul Wolfowitz , and Hilary Mantel ) . The magazine prizes independence over ideology and its articles and authors span the political spectrum . In recent years the magazine 's founding editor , David Goodhart , has stirred controversy with a series of articles arguing that the increasing diversity of the United Kingdom may weaken the bonds of solidarity on which the welfare state depends . The debate fed into the broader discussions of `` Britishness '' that have become increasingly common in the public sphere . Contributors include Lionel Shriver , A. C. Grayling , Gordon Brown , Mohamed ElBaradei , Michael Lind , Michael Ignatieff , Geoff Dyer , Francis Fukuyama , Roger Scruton , Andrew Marr , John Kay , and J. M. Coetzee . Prospect received worldwide attention in October 2005 when it published its list of the world 's top 100 public intellectuals , which included Noam Chomsky , Umberto Eco , Richard Dawkins , Steven Pinker and Christopher Hitchens . The magazine asked readers to vote for their top intellectual from the longlist ; Chomsky was the eventual winner . Subsequent lists have continued to attract attention . Dawkins claimed the top spot in 2013 . In August 2009 in a roundtable interview in Prospect , Adair Turner supported the idea of new global taxes on financial transactions , warning that a `` swollen '' financial sector paying excessive salaries has grown too big for society . Lord Turner 's suggestion that a `` Tobin tax '' - named after the economist James Tobin -- should be considered for financial transactions reverberated around the world . Prospect has also attempted to revitalise the art of the short story in Britain , by publishing the winning story of the Royal Society of Literature 's V.S. Pritchett Memorial Prize since 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "369479b427237af4ade256173b461d84", "text": "Postfeminism The term postfeminism ( alternatively rendered as post-feminism ) is used to describe reactions against contradictions and absences in feminism , especially second-wave feminism and third-wave feminism . The term postfeminism is sometimes confused with `` 4th wave-feminism '' , and `` women of color feminism '' ( e.g. hooks , 1996 ; Spivak , 1999 ) . However , by definition feminism strives for gender equality , whereas postfeminism must in some way move past or `` transcend '' the absolute need for gender equality -- something which neither theorists ' definition does . The ideology of postfeminism is often recognised by its contrast with a prevailing or preceding feminism . Postfeminism strives towards the next stage in gender-related societal progress , and as such is often conceived as in favor of a society that is no longer defined by gender binary and gender role . A postfeminist is a person who believes in , promotes , or embodies any of various ideologies springing from the feminism of the 1970s , whether supportive of or antagonistic towards classical feminism . Postfeminism can be considered a critical way of understanding the changed relations between feminism , popular culture and femininity . Postfeminism may also present a critique of second-wave feminism or third-wave feminism by questioning the second wave or third-wave 's binary thinking and essentialism , their vision of sexuality , and the perception of relationships between femininity and feminism . Second-wave feminism is often critiqued for being too ` white ' , too ` straight ' , and too ` liberal ' , and resulting in the needs of women from marginalized groups and cultures being ignored . However , since intersectionality is a product of third-wave feminism , the references to such as postfeminist are open to challenge and may be more properly considered feminist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "438ce4b2c6f411205e7cc5c54d642d9a", "text": "Cohabitation in the United States Cohabitation in the United States is loosely defined as two or more people , in an intimate relationship , who live together and share a common domestic life but are neither joined by marriage nor a civil union . Cohabitation of unmarried couples totals about 8.1 million couples who live together in the United States as of 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "360979fce6cfed79969a5e73502044a7", "text": "List of gay, lesbian or bisexual people: H Parent article : List of gay , lesbian or bisexual people ; Siblings : This is a partial list of confirmed famous people who were or are gay , lesbian or bisexual . Famous people who are simply rumored to be gay , lesbian or bisexual , are not listed . The historical concept and definition of sexual orientation varies and has changed greatly over time ; for example the word `` gay '' was n't used to describe sexual orientation until the mid 20th century . A number of different classification schemes have been used to describe sexual orientation since the mid-19th century , and scholars have often defined the term `` sexual orientation '' in divergent ways . Indeed , several studies have found that much of the research about sexual orientation has failed to define the term at all , making it difficult to reconcile the results of different studies . However , most definitions include a psychological component ( such as the direction of an individual 's erotic desire ) and/or a behavioural component ( which focuses on the sex of the individual 's sexual partner/s ) . Some prefer to simply follow an individual 's self-definition or identity . See homosexuality and bisexuality for criteria that have traditionally denoted lesbian , gay and bisexual ( LGB ) people . The high prevalence of people from the West on this list may be due to societal attitudes towards homosexuality . The Pew Research Center 's 2003 Global Attitudes Survey found that '' -LSB- p -RSB- eople in Africa and the Middle East strongly object to societal acceptance of homosexuality . But there is far greater tolerance for homosexuality in major Latin American countries such as Mexico , Argentina , Bolivia and Brazil . Opinion in Europe is split between West and East . Majorities in every Western European nation surveyed say homosexuality should be accepted by society , while most Russians , Poles and Ukrainians disagree . Americans are divided -- a thin majority ( 51 percent ) believes homosexuality should be accepted , while 42 percent disagree . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a796e5942bae8a4ddc578ea3c2759ba", "text": "GO (American magazine) GO ( previously GO NYC ) , is a `` cultural roadmap for the city girl , '' and is the nation 's most widely distributed , free , lesbian magazine . Based out of New York City , GO distributes 30,000 copies in 10 major cities , and receives 250,000 unique web hits monthly . The publication offers information on nightlife , arts & entertainment , news & current events , lifestyle , travel , advice , and celebrity Q&A s. GO was founded in 2001 by publisher Amy Lesser .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d4eb3568e9cc474653aac86158784fa", "text": "Amora London Amora London was a European touring exhibition dedicated to love , relationships and sexual wellbeing . Covering nine zones , London Amora London was the world 's first visitor attraction dedicated to these themes . The first city toured was London in England , where Amora ran for 15 months starting April 2007 and was located near Piccadilly Circus in Coventry Street , central London . Media reports in the United Kingdom ranging from the BBC in which Amora was titled `` Let 's Talk Sex In The City '' in reference to the HBO series to the much more extrovert reporting of The Sun whose report includes full colour photographs ; and in its online version a video of some of the interactive animatronic exhibits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f1b96398d896062a9ef31f86d1699f4", "text": "Sexual field A sexual field is an arena of social life whereby individuals seek intimate partners and vie for sexual status . Sexual fields emerge `` when a subset of actors with potential romantic or sexual interest orient themselves toward one another according to a logic of desirability imminent to their collective relations and -LSB- wherein -RSB- this logic produces , to greater and lesser degrees , a system of stratification '' ( Green 2014:27 ) . The term builds on Pierre Bourdieu 's ( 1980 ) concept of field and has been defined as a `` set of interlocking institutions '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) and an `` institutionalized matrix of relations '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 ) that confers status upon sexual actors based on individual variation in sexual capital . Relative to those with a sexual capital deficit , actors in possession of sexual capital reap the rewards of the sexual field -- including the ability to select desired sexual partners and the acquisition of social significance . Sexual fields are themselves distinguished by distinct `` currencies of erotic capital '' ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) , the latter which are quite variable , acquiring dominance in relation to the collective preferences of players . For example , Green ( 2005 , 2008 ) argues that the characteristics which confer sexual capital in one field may not in another . Thus , in a gay leather bar , a bearded , stocky white man in his late-thirties dressed in Levi 's jeans and a leather jacket will possess an optimal form of sexual capital , whereas the same man in a swanky Martini bar catering to a twenty-something , high-fashion , urban gay customer base will face a sexual capital deficit . This variation in power and status occurs because a gay leather bar and a gay Martini bar are physical sites organized by the logic of two distinct sexual fields with contrasting currencies of sexual capital ( Green 2005 , 2008 ) -- i.e. , distinct `` hegemonic systems of judgment '' ( Martin and George 2006 ) . For sociological theory , the study of the sexual field in the sexual fields framework offers a framework for analyzing how collective attributions of desire and desirability are shaped by the sexual field itself . That is , rather than see desire and desirability as a simple function of individual wants and judgments , the sexual fields framework suggests that such wants and judgments are the consequence of sexual social life . In this approach , the sexual field acts back on what we find desirable such that desires and desirability are regarded as field effects ( Green 2014 ) . To the extent that sexual stratification is related to but not isomorphic with the structure of alternative fields , so the study of sexual fields can not be subsumed to the study of an economic or political field , for example . Nevertheless , to the extent that race , class , gender , ethnicity , age and ability , among others , are organizing features of sexual status within a given sexual field , so the relationship of sexual fields to broader historical systems of stratification requires consideration ( Green 2005 , 2008 , 2011 . 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bafb10ad50b91e62d03f17fe40bcfa6", "text": "Relationship Science Relationship Science ( RelSci ) , an information services business headquartered in New York City , NY , United States , provides a `` six degrees '' type of business development tool that helps users see connections between -- and make connections with -- influential people based on their profiles in the system 's database . RelSci has compiled over four million influential names and their connections , charity work , work and board associates , and education to find pathways between dealmakers , power brokers , and business executives . The company is aimed at the financial , nonprofit , corporate , legal and professional services sectors and promotes itself as the `` ultimate business development tool . '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2ce0cbd6dd71dd74188729a9791ac6d", "text": "Friends with benefits Friends with benefits refers to friends who carry on a casual sexual relationship . It can also refer to : Friends with Benefits ( film ) , a 2011 film directed by Will Gluck `` Friends with Benefits '' ( song ) , a 2016 song by English rapper KSI Friends with Benefits ( TV series ) , a 2011 American television sitcom Friends ( With Benefits ) , a 2009 independent comedy-drama film Friends with Benefit , a 2006 CD soundtrack from the TV series One Tree Hill Friends with Benefits ( telenovela ) , a telenovela planned for 2007 but canceled `` Friends with Benefits '' , episode 108 of the telenova Fashion House Friends with Benefits , the working title of the film No Strings Attached", "title": "" }, { "docid": "455e715c4f05d3549020a743ce519d72", "text": "Kiss (Irish magazine) Kiss ( stylised as KISS ) was an Irish magazine aimed at a teenage market containing knowledge about adolescent matters such as fashion advice , confessions , features on teenage cultural icons , relationship advice and problem pages with solutions especially designed for teenage readers . It is part of the VIP publishing franchise of Michael O'Doherty . Kiss was launched on 31 October 2002 as the first of O'Doherty 's solo business ventures . He had previously engaged in a number of co-ordinated business ventures in Ireland with his former business partner John Ryan ; Kiss succeeded the co-owned establishments of Magill in 1997 and VIP in 1999 and preceded later titles such as the glossy monthly targeted at women in the age group of eighteen to thirty-four Stellar and the failed New York Dog venture in New York City . Kiss is published at 2-4 Ely Place in Dublin 2 . Kiss '' 's rivals are the United Kingdom 's Bliss and Sugar . Upon its launch Kiss was lauded in the Irish media for its attempts to contribute to a more liberal and sexualised Ireland , one where the influence of the Roman Catholic Church had declined dramatically in the preceding decade . Only three decades previously , such teenage-oriented magazines were much more reserved in their content and approach and even the titles , i.e. Jackie and Blue Jeans , were not as outspoken as the word `` kiss '' in capitalised letters . Kiss was launched by O'Doherty 's publishing company as a response to the increasing popularity of similar , albeit British-based , publications such as Bliss and Sugar . It launched on 31 October 2002 , at the original ( much-deflated by current standards ) price of $ 2.50 and aimed at female readers between the ages of fourteen and seventeen . The first issue featured heavily its mantra of dealing with teenage problems , including articles on school bullying and the difficulties of blushing , written in a `` chatty and informative '' manner so as not to `` patronise '' the target audience . However O'Doherty is adamant that his magazine will not encourage young children to `` sleep with their boyfriends by providing How-To-Pleasure-Your-Fella features '' . To supplement its tone Kiss employs experts on what teenagers consider fashionable , with its so-called `` agony aunt '' being Sarah Scully , a child psychologist in Saint James 's Hospital , Dublin . Upon its launch the magazine was edited by Susan Vasquez , now editor of O'Doherty 's Stellar '' . The magazine is currently edited by Nathalie Màrquez Courtney . Kiss published its last issue in September 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e4af338b9775da9f3a3b4baeb18e337", "text": "The Outsourced Self The Outsourced Self : Intimate Life in Market Times , by Arlie Russell Hochschild , was published in 2012 . It focuses on the `` emotional terms of engagement '' individuals develop as they increasingly outsource tasks associated with intimate life . These range from for-pay internet dating , long-distance elder care and take-out dinners to `` rent-a-friends '' and global commercial surrogacy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18173662130572faa00570934d826c42", "text": "Love Matters (program) Love Matters is a global program providing information on relationships , sex and love . The idea was first developed in the Netherlands by the independent media producer RNW Media . It has been referred to as a freedom of speech program . Its current target countries are Kenya , Uganda , China , Egypt , Mexico , Venezuela and India . The platform was originally launched in India , before expanding rapidly to Latin America , Africa , the Middle East and China . Love Matters works mainly online via its own websites and social media channels . In each region , it provides the same delivery method , but the content and language are tailored to each target market . It seeks to bridge the gap in sexual reproductive health information between young people , sexual health experts , educators and services . The concept has been honored by the World Association for Sexual Health and is also mentioned in the United Nations manifesto on reproductive health .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8136796421f07a30f9447f24b4282264", "text": "Gay City News Gay City News is a free weekly newspaper based in New York City that focuses on local and national issues relating to the lesbian , gay , bisexual and transgender ( LGBT ) community . It was founded in 1994 as Lesbian Gay New York , later LGNY , and was sold to Community Media LLC , owner of The Villager , in 2002 , which renamed the publication . It is the largest LGBT newspaper in the United States , with a circulation of 47,000 . Gay City News came into existence after several incarnations . The newspaper began to form in the late 1980s after the collapse of the LGBT newsmagazine OUTWEEK ( which came into existence in 1989 to compete against the then-dominant New York Native -- which itself folded in 1997 ) . OUTWEEK was famous for firebrand activist style journalism and provided groundbreaking coverage of a then nascent gay civil rights movement . It was one of the first publications to undertake scientific reporting on the growing AIDS crisis . After an investor squabble that closed the magazine , Troy Masters , then an advertising director at OUTWEEK , led the formation of a group to create a new publication ; that publication became known as QW ( or `` QueerWeek '' ) , the first glossy gay magazine , and was funded by William F. Chafin . Mr. Chafin died before the publication could make a profit , and the magazine was closed upon his death . Two years later , Masters sought to establish a newspaper and founded LGNY ( Which stood for `` Lesbian-Gay New York '' ) . LGNY published for eight years and was relaunched in 2002 as Gay City News . Its current editor-in-chief is Paul Schindler , and the associate editor is Duncan Osborne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1f394a7847492d561387e37c2acc54", "text": "Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences The Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences is a specialized fifteen-volume Encyclopedia first published in 1930 and last published in 1967 . It was envisaged in the 1920s by scholars working in disciplines which increasingly were coming to be known as `` Human - '' or `` Social Sciences . '' The goal was to create a comprehensive synthesis of the study of human affairs as undertaken by practitioners of all fields involved in such study . The parameters of what would come to be known as `` Social Science '' were in many ways initially established and defined by this publication . The Encyclopaedia 's founding organizations included the American Anthropological Association , the American Association of Social Workers , the American Economic Association , the American Historical Association , the American Political Science Association , the American Psychological Association , the American Sociological Society , the American Statistical Association , the Association of American Law Schools , and the National Education Association . It was edited by American economists Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman and Alvin Saunders Johnson . Seligman and Johnson solicited contributions from many of the most known and respected scholars in their fields , and established many links with European scholars in the process . The Rockefeller Foundation , Carnegie Foundation , and Russell Sage Foundation provided initial financial support , and Macmillan was selected as publisher . The international network of social scientists developed in the process of creating the Encyclopaedia would prove especially important during the Nazi occupation of Europe , during which many contributing scholars fled persecution for their ideas . Under Johnson 's invitation , several of these scholars would come to New York City and form the `` University in Exile , '' a specialized graduate school now known as the New School for Social Research . The Encyclopaedia was last printed in 1967 , then in its 16th edition . It was succeeded by the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , edited by David L. Sills , and also published by MacMillan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d34937a6469ee299d52943ddfd154da7", "text": "Chi (magazine) Chi ( Italian for `` Who '' ) is an Italian weekly gossip magazine geared towards a female viewership published in Milan , Italy .", "title": "" } ]
fever
0b2de0a861d406fddb1ab5d995a60aef
Apocalypse Now was never released in theaters.
[ { "docid": "6790728fd384e8f4aec8ad30a923dbd9", "text": "Apocalypse Now Apocalypse Now is a 1979 American epic war film directed , produced and co-written by Francis Ford Coppola . It was co-written by John Milius with narration written by Michael Herr . It stars Marlon Brando , Robert Duvall , Martin Sheen , Frederic Forrest , Albert Hall , Sam Bottoms , Larry Fishburne , and Dennis Hopper . The screenplay , written by Milius , adapts the story of Joseph Conrad 's novella Heart of Darkness changing its setting from late 1800 's Congo to the Vietnam War . It draws from Herr 's Dispatches , and Werner Herzog 's Aguirre , the Wrath of God ( 1972 ) . The film revolves around Captain Benjamin L. Willard ( Sheen ) on a secret mission to assassinate Colonel Kurtz , a renegade who is presumed insane . The film has been noted for the problems encountered while making it , chronicled in the documentary Hearts of Darkness : A Filmmaker 's Apocalypse ( 1991 ) . These problems included Brando arriving on the set overweight and completely unprepared , expensive sets being destroyed by severe weather , and its lead actor ( Sheen ) having a breakdown , and suffering a near-fatal heart attack , while on location . Problems continued after production as the release was postponed several times while Coppola edited thousands of feet of film . Apocalypse Now was released to universal acclaim . It was honored with the Palme d'Or at Cannes , nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture , and the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Drama . It is considered to be one of the greatest films ever made . The film was ranked No. 14 in the British Film Institute 's Sight and Sound greatest films poll in 2012 . In 2000 , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1", "text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c1a2d4103091856719b1eee0a0ed49b", "text": "Apocalypse Oz Apocalypse Oz is a 2006 short film . It is based on the novels Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad and The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum . The script is a hybrid of the two classic films Apocalypse Now and The Wizard of Oz , and uses only dialogue from these films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a15fcd521628b7a8b84f015eefa53ce4", "text": "Redacted (film) Redacted is a 2007 American war film written and directed by Brian De Palma . It is a fictional dramatization , loosely based on the 2006 Mahmudiyah killings in Mahmoudiyah , Iraq , when U.S. Army soldiers raped an Iraqi girl and murdered her along with her family . This film , which is a companion to an earlier film by De Palma , 1989 's Casualties of War , was shot in Jordan . Redacted premiered at the 2007 Venice Film Festival , where it earned a Silver Lion `` best director '' award . It was also shown at the Toronto International Film Festival , the New York Film Festival and the Buenos Aires International Festival of Independent Cinema . The film opened in Spain , and in fifteen theaters in limited release in the United States on November 16 , 2007 . The film received mixed reactions from critics and a poor financial response in its limited U.S. release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1efbf0e204b5d3418636596262ef74f8", "text": "Rampage: Capital Punishment Rampage : Capital Punishment ( originally titled Rampage : You End Now ) is a 2014 mass murder thriller film and a direct sequel to the 2009 film Rampage . It is directed by Uwe Boll and was released on August 19 , 2014 . A third film in the series was released in 2016 , Rampage : President Down .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68749862c18808c92ab71564599cc5ff", "text": "Iranium Iranium is a 2011 documentary film by director Alex Traiman , Written and Distributed by Clarion Fund . Featuring footage with Iranian leaders and interviews with 25 leading politicians , dissidents , and researchers , the film discusses the Iranian nuclear program , Middle East policy , terrorism , and nuclear proliferation . Beginning with the Islamic revolution , the film documents the creation of the Iranian nuclear program and development of weapons of mass destruction . The film discusses Iranian foreign policy and Iran -- United States relations , including the Iran hostage crisis and the 1979 Iranian Revolution and takeover by Ayatollah Khomeini to what it refers to as `` the brutal nature of the Iranian regime to its own citizens , and the Iranian people 's desire to rejoin the international community . '' The film is produced by the Clarion Fund . It was produced by the same team that produced Obsession : Radical Islam 's War Against the West and The Third Jihad . Iranian actress and Academy Award nominee Shohreh Aghdashloo narrates the film . Pre-release screenings have been held or are scheduled to be held at organizations such as the Hudson Institute , David Horowitz Freedom Center , and Heritage Foundation . The film premiered at select AMC theaters and community centers throughout the United States on February 8 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815", "text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a99eeaa6386a89559fb6dbaba07f302", "text": "System Shock System Shock is a 1994 first-person action role-playing video game developed by Looking Glass Technologies and published by Origin Systems . It was directed by Doug Church with Warren Spector serving as producer . The game is set aboard a space station in a cyberpunk vision of the year 2072 . Assuming the role of a nameless hacker , the player attempts to hinder the plans of a malevolent artificial intelligence called SHODAN . System Shock 3D engine , physics simulation and complex gameplay have been cited as both innovative and influential . The developers sought to build on the emergent gameplay and immersive environments of their previous games , Ultima Underworld : The Stygian Abyss and Ultima Underworld II : Labyrinth of Worlds , by streamlining their mechanics into a more `` integrated whole '' . Critics praised System Shock and hailed it as a major breakthrough in its genre . It was later placed on multiple hall of fame lists . The game was a moderate commercial success , with sales exceeding 170,000 copies , but Looking Glass ultimately lost money on the project . A sequel , System Shock 2 , was released by Looking Glass Studios and offshoot developer Irrational Games in 1999 . The 2000 game Deus Ex ( also produced by Spector ) and the 2007 game BioShock are spiritual successors to the two games . A remade version of the original game by Night Dive Studios is scheduled for release in 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55e3d3f8aae964c2ee8c92f04da2b305", "text": "Apocalypse: The Second World War Apocalypse : The Second World War ( French : Apocalypse , la 2e Guerre mondiale ) ( 2009 ) is a six-part French documentary by Daniel Costelle and Isabelle Clarke about the Second World War . The music of the documentary was composed by Kenji Kawai . The documentary is composed exclusively of actual footage of the war as filmed by war correspondents , soldiers , resistance fighters and private citizens . The series is shown in color , with the black-and-white footage being fully colorized , save for some original color footage . The only exception to the treatment are most Holocaust scenes , which are presented in the original black and white . It was first aired from August 20 and 27 and September 3 on the French-speaking Belgian RTBF then on August 23 and 30 and September 6 on the French-speaking Swiss TSR and finally on September 8 , 2009 , to September 22 , 2009 , on France 2 channel . It was narrated in French by actor/director Mathieu Kassovitz . The documentary was shown on the Smithsonian Channel in the United States , where it was narrated by actor Martin Sheen , on the National Geographic Channel and Channel 4 in the United Kingdom , where it was narrated by actor Jonathan Booth , Canada , the Netherlands , Poland , Australia , Romania and Asia , on YLE Teema in Finland , on Rete 4 in Italy , on IBA , the national public channel in Israel , on RTP2 , the national public channel in Portugal , and on La 2 , the national public channel in Spain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ebd2fa05bd118ffb56f8dc4ba57b898", "text": "Now and Then, Here and There is a thirteen episode anime series directed by Akitaro Daichi and written by Hideyuki Kurata . The story was originally conceived by director Daichi . It premiered in Japan on the WOWOW television station on October 14 , 1999 and ran until January 20 , 2000 . It was licensed for Region 1 DVD English language release by Central Park Media under their US Manga Corps label . Following the 2009 bankruptcy and liquidation of Central Park Media , ADV Films rescued the series for a boxset re-release on July 7 , 2009 . However , the ADV re-release is now out-of-print . Now and Then , Here and There follows a young boy named Shuzo `` Shu '' Matsutani who , in an attempt to save an unknown girl , is transported to another world which is possibly the Earth in the far future . The world is desolate and militarized , and water is a scarce commodity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbf8f937428964150a204919c9c4253a", "text": "Now the Hell Will Start Now the Hell Will Start : One Soldier 's Flight from the Greatest Manhunt of World War II ( 2008 ) is a narrative nonfiction history book by United States author Brendan I. Koerner . It investigates and recounts the story of Herman Perry , an African-American World War II soldier assigned in the China-Burma-India theatre of the war . Perry killed a white officer while helping construct the Ledo Road . He subsequently retreated into the Indo-Burmese wilderness and joined a tribe of the headhunting Nagas , successfully joining one village and marrying the fourteen-year-old daughter of one of the tribesmen . It also relates some of the history of the CBI theatre as it pertains to Herman Perry 's , as well as explores the injustices of the Jim Crow mentality and policies carried out by the military during World War II . In February 2009 , American director Spike Lee purchased the film rights to the book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b", "text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ebb8ce3c66c6d00cb015fa506238451", "text": "Never or Now Never or Now is the debut solo album by Lisa Scott-Lee . It was released in South Africa on 26 March 2007 and on 14 June as a digital download in the United Kingdom through Concept Records . The album consists of Scott-Lee 's first two singles `` Lately '' and `` Too Far Gone '' some other tracks that were released and through Mercury Records before she was dropped in 2003 as well as some later material she worked on while she was signed to Concept Records such as the single `` Electric '' . The album was originally going to be released as Unleashed back in 2003 but as a result from Scott-Lee being dropped from her record label the album 's release was pushed to a 2007 release as Never or Now . The sound of the album mainly consists of dance-pop and electro-pop but gradually progresses into more or a rock-pop sound . The fourth track on the album `` Back In Time '' was covered by Angel City ( electronic music group ) for their album Love Me Right in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0751145f59fd80db6a134b4a9250536a", "text": "Meteor Apocalypse Meteor Apocalypse is a 2009 American science fiction film directed by Micho Rutare .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1304d719b1c2a0310410719b78cff36b", "text": "The Prophecy The Prophecy is a 1995 American fantasy horror-thriller film starring Christopher Walken , Elias Koteas , Virginia Madsen , Eric Stoltz , and Viggo Mortensen . It was written and directed by Gregory Widen , and is the first motion picture of The Prophecy series including four sequels . The film tells the story of the Archangel Gabriel ( Walken ) and his search for an evil soul on Earth , and a police detective ( Koteas ) who unknowingly becomes caught in the middle of an angelic civil war .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b", "text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf777bb37ee96a0c3f614f975235b99", "text": "Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles . Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action . Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defc42bdb0ecbd43cac9b0dea624d1a6", "text": "Bunker 6 Bunker 6 is a Canadian psychological thriller film set in an alternate timeline in which a nuclear holocaust takes place during the Cuban Missile Crisis . Most of the film 's action is set a decade later , inside a very large fallout shelter , in which a group of survivors are faced with the dilemma of continuing life in the shelter or facing the uncertainty of life in a world contaminated by radiation . Theatrically released , the film was also destined for television and `` direct-to-video '' release . Directed by Canadian writer and director Greg Jackson , in his first feature film , it stars Andrea Lee Norwood and Molly Dunsworth . The supporting cast includes Jim Fowler , Glen Matthews and Shelley Thompson . The film was shot in an actual fallout shelter in Nova Scotia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fefdfbe184d8640dd5fa6b60d73c2f7", "text": "This Is the End This Is the End is a 2013 American disaster comedy film directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg and stars Rogen , James Franco , Jonah Hill , Jay Baruchel , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Michael Cera and Emma Watson . The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse . The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3 , 2013 and was released in the United States on June 14 , 2013 by Columbia Pictures , before being re-released on September 6 , 2013 . The film grossed $ 126 million on a $ 32 million budget . The film makes references to the past movies of the cast , including Spider-Man , Million Dollar Baby , Forrest Gump , Superbad , Pineapple Express , Moneyball , Your Highness , The Green Hornet , 127 Hours and the Harry Potter film series .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d4a3d5bd6d42882ffe7ab3a260e0b66a
Instagram has widescreen videos.
[ { "docid": "56301d660def036425680974452e8e39", "text": "Instagram Instagram is a mobile , desktop , and internet-based photo-sharing application and service that allows users to share pictures and videos either publicly or privately . It was created by Kevin Systrom and Mike Krieger , and launched in October 2010 as a free mobile app exclusively for the iOS operating system . A version for Android devices was released two years later , in April 2012 , followed by a feature-limited website interface in November 2012 , and apps for Windows 10 Mobile and Windows 10 in April 2016 and October 2016 respectively . Instagram lets registered users upload photos or videos to the service . Users can apply various digital filters to their images , and add locations through geotags . They can add hashtags to their posts , linking the photos up to other content on Instagram featuring the same subject or overall topic . Users can connect their Instagram account to other social media profiles , enabling them to share photos to those profiles as well . Originally , a distinctive feature of Instagram was its confining of photos to a square ; this was changed in August 2015 , when an update started allowing users to upload media at full size . In June 2012 , an `` Explore '' tab was introduced in the mobile apps , showing users a variety of media , including ( but not limited to ) popular photos and photos taken at nearby locations , trending tags and places , channels for recommended videos , and curated content . Support for videos was originally launched in June 2013 , and had a 15-second maximum duration and limited quality , with Instagram later adding support for widescreen and longer videos . Private messaging , called Instagram Direct , was launched with basic photo-sharing functionality in December 2013 , and has gradually received major updates incorporating more features . Updates include easier private sharing from the news feed , threaded conversations , sharing locations and hashtag pages , increased support for text and emoji , and the ability to make photos `` disappear '' after being viewed by the recipient . In August 2016 , Instagram introduced a `` Stories '' feature , letting users add photos to a story , with the content disappearing after 24 hours . Instagram added live-video functionality to Stories in November 2016 , augmented reality stickers in April 2017 , and face filters in May 2017 . After its launch in 2010 , Instagram rapidly gained popularity , with one million registered users in two months , 10 million in a year , and ultimately 700 million as of April 2017 . Its users have uploaded over 40 billion photos to the service as of October 2015 . , the Instagram Stories functionality has over 200 million active users , while Instagram Direct has 375 million active users . Instagram was acquired by Facebook in April 2012 for approximately US$ 1 billion in cash and stock . The popularity of Instagram has sparked an engaging community , including dedicated `` trends '' , in which users post specific types of photos on specific days of the week with a hashtag representing a common theme . Instagram has received positive reviews for its iOS app , and it has been named `` one of the most influential social networks in the world '' . However , the company has been the subject of criticism on several issues , most notably incidents of drug sales on the platform , allegations of censorship towards women , and a May 2017 survey in the United Kingdom concluding that the service was bad for young mental health .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e370efcfc82b02b09018c95cc1c9bf6f", "text": "Samsung Galaxy S5 The Samsung Galaxy S5 is an Android smartphone produced by Samsung Electronics . Unveiled on 24 February 2014 at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona , Spain , it was released on 11 April 2014 in 150 countries as the immediate successor to the Galaxy S4 . As with the S4 , the S5 is an evolution of the prior year 's model , placing a particular emphasis on an improved build with a textured rear cover and IP67 certification for dust and water resistance , a more refined user experience , new security features such as a fingerprint reader and private mode , expanded health features ( such as a built-in heart rate monitor ) , and an updated camera . The Galaxy S5 received mostly positive reviews ; The phone was praised for its display , hardware , camera and battery life but it was criticized for its plastic design , bloated software and the inconsistent fingerprint scanner featured on the phone . In August 2015 , following the release of its latest flagship , the Galaxy S6 , Samsung released an updated version called the `` Galaxy S5 Neo '' which has a Exynos 7 Octa ( 7580 ) processor clocked at 1.6 GHz . It has 2 GB of RAM , 16 GB of internal storage and comes with Android 5.1.1 `` Lollipop '' or Android 4.3 `` Jelly Bean '' depending on carrier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c65243148c6cb55898d0a71b2cd824b", "text": "Stereoscope A stereoscope is a device for viewing a stereoscopic pair of separate images , depicting left-eye and right-eye views of the same scene , as a single three-dimensional image . A typical stereoscope provides each eye with a lens that makes the image seen through it appear larger and more distant and usually also shifts its apparent horizontal position , so that for a person with normal binocular depth perception the edges of the two images seemingly fuse into one `` stereo window '' . In current practice , the images are prepared so that the scene appears to be beyond this virtual window , through which objects are sometimes allowed to protrude , but this was not always the custom . A divider or other view-limiting feature is usually provided to prevent each eye from being distracted by also seeing the image intended for the other eye . Most people can , with practice and some effort , view stereoscopic image pairs in 3D without the aid of a stereoscope , but the physiological depth cues resulting from the unnatural combination of eye convergence and focus required will be unlike those experienced when actually viewing the scene in reality , making an accurate simulation of the natural viewing experience impossible and tending to cause eye strain and fatigue . Although more recent devices such as Realist-format 3D slide viewers and the View-Master are also stereoscopes , the word is now most commonly associated with viewers designed for the standard-format stereo cards that enjoyed several waves of popularity from the 1850s to the 1930s as a home entertainment medium . Devices such as polarized , anaglyph and shutter glasses which are used to view two actually superimposed or intermingled images , rather than two physically separate images , are not categorized as stereoscopes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "966008993d324e8713d5e194660cbf69", "text": "Pixelplus Pixel Plus , is a proprietary digital filter image processing technology developed by Philips , who claims that it enhances the display of analogue broadcast signals on their TVs . Pixel Plus interpolates the broadcast signal to increase the picture size by one third , from 625 lines to 833 lines . It also doubles the horizontal resolution , although each horizontal line is analogue . Other features include motion interpolation , a processing technique that interpolates ( or creates ) video fields ( or frames ) by analyzing fields ( or frames ) before and after the insertion point . This process is primarily focused on film based content which is filmed in either 24fps or 25fps . The motion interpolation function of Pixel Plus is an alternative to 3:2 pulldown processing with is the standard process of converting film to video . In 2005 , Pixelplus 2 was launched . This version was the first to be able to perform motion reinterpolation on 480p and 576p material . In 2006 , Pixelplus 3 was launched . This version was the first to be able to perform motion reinterpolation on 720p and 1080i material , except for US products . In 2007 , Pixel Perfect HD Engine was launched . This version was the first to be able to perform motion reinterpolation on 1080p material , and introduced 720p and 1080i motion interpolation in US products . Not to be confused with Pixelplus Co. , Ltd. ( Nasdaq : PXPL ) : a fabless semiconductor company in Korea that designs , develops , and markets CMOS image sensors for various consumer electronics applications . Category : Television technology", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8afad354e45aea782a99f79e264e8984", "text": "Unboxing Unboxing is the unpacking of new products , especially high tech consumer products , where the process is captured on video and uploaded to the web . Yahoo Tech places the first Unboxing video to be for the Nokia E61 cellphone in 2006 . According to Google Trends , searches for the term `` unboxing '' began to surface in the final quarter of 2006 . Early unboxing videos were focused mainly either on gadgets or fashion items , however once the trend took off unboxing videos were available for , as Yahoo 's Deb Amien put it `` nearly every thing that is available for purchase '' By 2014 the popularity of the videos were such that some companies had been known to upload unboxing videos for their own products , whilst others sent products to uploaders for free . Some consider the popularity of this practice is due to the ability of showing the product exactly for what it is without any adulteration advertisers usually make around the product . Being able to see what one is getting can contribute to the decision process . Some users have tried to make these unboxings more interesting by adding special effects or doing them in different ways , such as underwater unboxing of a waterproof smartphone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e0663b5732d193cbb178d95d8ee6ed2", "text": "Vignetting In photography and optics , vignetting ( -LSB- vɪnˈjɛtɪŋ -RSB- French : `` vignette '' ) is a reduction of an image 's brightness or saturation at the periphery compared to the image center . The word vignette , from the same root as vine , originally referred to a decorative border in a book . Later , the word came to be used for a photographic portrait which is clear in the center , and fades off at the edges . A similar effect occurs when photographing projected images or movies off a projection screen , resulting in a so-called `` hotspot '' effect . Vignetting is often an unintended and undesired effect caused by camera settings or lens limitations . However , it is sometimes deliberately introduced for creative effect , such as to draw attention to the center of the frame . A photographer may deliberately choose a lens which is known to produce vignetting to obtain the effect , or it may be introduced with the use of special filters or post-processing procedures . When using superzoom lenses , vignetting may occur all along the zoom range , depending on the aperture and the focal length . However , it may not always be visible , except at the widest end ( the shortest focal length ) . In these cases , vignetting may cause an exposure value ( EV ) difference of up to 0.75 EV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc5bca2ff029380b9b2010e39e1e3e51", "text": "Sevenload Sevenload was a German-based video-sharing website on which users can upload , share and view videos . Since its founding in April 2006 , the platform emerged on international markets to become a Social Media Network for photos , videos and web TV content . sevenload shows licensed content channels and allows users to upload their video and photo contents onto the site and then tag them , put them in albums and share them with other users , and is considered by some to be a counterpart to hulu in the US . Premium content and user generated videos at sevenload.com create an entertainment portal of editorial and professional web TV shows online . Selected content of sevenload 's entire program airs on next generation TVs , set-top-box technology and games consoles with partners such as Sony , Philips Net TV , T-Home Entertain , Medion and Nintendo Wii . sevenload is currently available in twelve languages and offers localized country portals in Germany , France , Italy , Spain , Sweden , Poland , Russia , Turkey , UK , USA , Netherlands , Malaysia , Singapore , Australia , Japan , Indonesia , South Korea , India , China , Colombia and Mexico .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c80a0070326a58d9d4d0c665f130fa83", "text": "Nexus 7 (2013) The second generation Nexus 7 is a mini tablet computer co-developed by Google and Asus that runs the Android operating system . It is the third tablet in the Google Nexus series , a family of Android consumer devices marketed by Google and built by an original equipment manufacturer partner . Following the success of the original Nexus 7 , a second generation of the device was released on July 26 , 2013 , four days earlier than the originally scheduled date due to early releases from various retailers . The tablet was the first device to ship with version 4.3 of Android . The second iteration of the 7 in tablet , code named `` Razor '' , has various upgrades from the previous generation , including a 1.5 GHz quad-core Snapdragon S4 Pro processor , 2 GB of memory , a 1920 × 1200 pixel display ( 323 pixels per inch ; 127 ppcm ) , dual cameras ( 1.2 MP front , 5 MP rear ) , stereo speakers , built-in inductive Qi wireless charging , and a SlimPort ( via micro USB connector ) capable of full high-definition video output to an external display .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f5614de5aca750d8e4b2b83cf2ec273", "text": "Surround Video Surround Video was a Microsoft technology , announced as a competitor , to Apple 's QuickTime VR for creating panoramic 360-degree 3D images . It was evaluated by reviewers as an equal to Quicktime VR . Despite never having shipped as an actual end-user product , Microsoft released a Surround Video ActiveX control . The Surround Video control was used by websites such as CarPoint and Expedia . It also ships as part of Encarta encyclopedia where it is used for panoramic interactivities . A somewhat similar modern initiative by Microsoft is Microsoft Live Labs Photosynth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8eb2fd40fdbefff01cf6bde71348f19", "text": "Facebook Home Facebook Home was a user interface layer for Android-compatible smartphones that was developed by Facebook . Designed to be a drop-in replacement for the existing home screen ( `` launcher '' ) on an Android device , the software provides a replacement home screen that allows users to easily view and post content on Facebook along with launching apps , a replacement lock screen that displays notifications from Facebook and other apps , and an overlay which allows users to chat via Facebook messages or SMS from any app . Facebook Home was unveiled at a press event on April 4 , 2013 , and was released on April 12 , 2013 for a limited selection of devices from HTC and Samsung Electronicsincluding the HTC First , a new smartphone pre-loaded with the software .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02e0e4b0b8a17f6b74d5219de57ad3c2", "text": "Proprietary DVR DVRs , or Digital Video Recorders , are devices which record video to a hard drive . The term Proprietary DVR refers to exclusive methodologies used to maintain commercial control over the DVR format and prevent third-party copying of a particular file . CCTV systems are used for the detection and recording of crime , but the analysts and law enforcement personnel who are required to obtain and process video recorded with proprietary DVRs may face problems using the proprietary format . Most established manufacturers will provide tools for law enforcement agencies to play and copy footage from such systems . The opposite of proprietary DVR is standard or PC-based DVR . ( Although , in fact , many proprietary DVR 's are PC-based devices . ) Currently there is no standard output for the security industry to follow . Because of this , analysts are forced to obtain a compatible `` player '' in order to view the video . Some proprietary DVRs are delivered to the end-user in an executable player which allows for navigation . Some require the installation of the player . Others simply require a codec to be available on the system that is playing , then it will become viewable in a common player such as Windows Media Player . Some proprietary DVR systems offer more than one output format , such as the native format as well as a standard format such as AVI . Some also offer a composite video output PAL or NTSC . Some security companies are reluctant to offer anything other than their proprietary format . Reasons cited for maintaining control over the file by impeding conversion vary , but most companies will make `` tamper resistance '' a sellable feature , while disregarding the work required of an analyst or court in order to present the video . Another selling point of proprietary DVR systems is compression . Video compression removes information in exchange for a smaller file size . Increasing compression leads to the ability to store longer periods on a disk , at the expense of sacrificing some of the detail in the images . This trade-off must be considered when attempting to balance image quality and recording time in a DVR . As storage drives become cheaper and larger , compression sacrifices are improving . A problem inherent in proprietary DVR output is accuracy . There is a good chance that the video image as viewed has an incorrect aspect ratio and/or color information . Color may be off simply due to the calibration of the monitor being used , but often color information is not recorded accurately . It is not very common to white balance security cameras unless it is done at set up . Aspect ratios may also be recorded improperly and could actually be quite distorted . Aspect ratios on some players are sometimes user-adjustable by dragging the viewer in one direction or the other . Contrary to attempts made by proprietary DVR developers , it is possible to change virtually any DVR image into another format , but it can not be done through digital conversion , such as changing an MPEG-2 to AVI . Instead it is done by intercepting the pixels sent by the proprietary DVR to the users monitor . There are a number of software available that will capture an area of a screen and generate an uncompressed file in a common format . Gradually technology is improving and DVR systems are capable of having features that analog video could never provide . One feature is the ability to store metadata , such as point of sale information . Another feature may be for an event ( movement , panic button , door/drawer opening ) to trigger a system to record at a higher resolution . Perhaps the greatest feature is the ability to navigate directly to an area of interest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77e60d4a3a822bb44e6fd5d634343142", "text": "Korean Wave The Korean Wave ( , , a neologism literally meaning `` flow of Korea '' ) is the increase in global popularity of South Korean culture since the 1990s . First driven by the spread of K-dramas and K-pop across East , South and Southeast Asia during its initial stages , the Korean Wave evolved from a regional development into a global phenomenon , carried by the Internet and social media and the proliferation of K-pop music videos on YouTube . Since the turn of the 21st century , South Korea has emerged as a major exporter of popular culture and tourism , aspects which have become a significant part of its burgeoning economy . The growing popularity of Korean pop culture in many parts of the world has prompted the South Korean government to support its creative industries through subsidies and funding for start-ups , as a form of soft power and in its aim of becoming one of the world 's leading exporters of culture along with Japanese and British culture , a niche that the United States has dominated for nearly a century . During this time the Korean society began to be recognized as a developed country similar to that of the Western world . Part of the success of the Korean Wave owes in part to the development of social networking services and online video sharing platforms such as YouTube , which have allowed the Korean entertainment industry to reach a sizable overseas audience . Use of these media in facilitating promotion , distribution and consumption of various forms of Korean entertainment ( and K-pop in particular ) has contributed to their surge in worldwide popularity since the mid-2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a9b7f1318f5f4b27ecedbe8a0a25f8a6", "text": "Instagram Pier Instagram Pier ( officially Western District Public Cargo Working Area ) is a pier located on the waterfront of Sai Wan . Many residents of Sai Wan often go there for wandering , resting , walking their dogs and fishing . Recently ( since at least 2010 ) , it has become a popular place for witnessing sunsets and shooting photos . The picturesque surrounding area seen from the pier has taken on the nickname - `` Mirror of the Sky '' , since many photographs are taken of the reflective shoreline there . The name refers to the natural phenomenon of reflections seen on the unusually thick layer of water remaining on the ground after rainfall . The water clearly reflects the sky and shadows of people and objects standing on the horizon . Sunsets often add a stunning effect to this `` Mirror of the sky '' phenomenon . In 2013 , Designing Hong Kong , Hong Kong Public Space Initiative , and other groups concerned with public space , jointly organized the `` Outstanding Public Space Elections . While Instagram Pier received the highest number of votes in that election , Instagram Pier is technically not a public place . In fact , the Marine Department in recent months posted notices at the pier entrance , citing public safety regulations . Only those engaged in loading and unloading operations are officially allowed on the pier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ee1fe32a7a6b00990695882bd51022b", "text": "Cine Foundation International Cine Foundation International is London-based non-profit film company and human rights NGO `` aiming to 'em power open consciousness through cinema ' '' . The foundation was formed in December 2010 by American filmmaker Jesse Richards , founder of the Remodernist film movement , South Korean film critic Blue Un Sok Kim and Tobias Morgan , formerly the developer of `` The Garage '' on Mubi . On 3 January 2011 , CFI announced their launch of a campaign of protest films and public actions calling for the release of imprisoned Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi . `` The campaign will include protest films that speak to human rights issues in Iran and throughout the world , six of which are commissioned feature-length , plus twenty shorts . Participating filmmakers may act anonymously or through pseudonyms since voicing their stories can be dangerous . The films , which will address themes of nation , identity , self , spiritual culture , censorship and imprisonment , will be aimed for public , web and various exhibition media '' . In January 2011 , filmmakers Béla Tarr and Lav Diaz joined the foundation 's Board of Directors , and in February Fred Kelemen joined the Board of Directors . Also in January 2011 , CFI deployed a video protest mechanism called WHITE MEADOWS ( named for the Mohammad Rasoulof film of the same title ) and developed by Ericson deJesus ( of Yahoo! and frog design ) at the request of the foundation . The video mechanism `` allow ( s ) anyone in the world to record a short video statement about Panahi and Rasoulof . There will be an ESCAPE button at top , allowing quick exit for those in countries where recording a statement would be dangerous . There will be an option to have the screen black , and soon , voice distortion . The video statements will be recorded as mp4s , giving them maximum transmedia capacity , which essentially makes them broadcastable from any device that can show video '' . Users can also use the mechanism to comment on how they would `` like to see as an international response by the film industry '' , comment on the state of human rights in general , or to `` report a human rights abuse to the world '' . Late in 2011 , CFI launched #OccupyCinema , an ongoing collective project in collaboration with the global Occupy movement . The project encompasses `` public space projections onto buildings or other public surfaces -- broadcasting films , video documents or live feeds , with the intention of decentralising traditional broadcast monopolies and information power structures where these interfere with freedom of speech or otherwise compel human beings to surrender to the agendas of ethically bankrupt regimes . '' On November 1 , #OccupyCinema will launch public displays of films in New York City , Dallas , Kansas , London and Paris , with more to follow over the next week . Tobias Morgan resigned as Chair in Autumn 2011 , having been commissioned to make a Cine Foundation International feature film dedicated to the Iranian film producer Katayoun Shahabi . Jesse Richards resigned in 2012 , and Blue Un Sok Kim took the Chair . Category : International human rights organizations Category : Organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Arts organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Film organisations in the United Kingdom", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ea3230ed4c1491656d0a8e768509fae", "text": "Facebook like button The Facebook like button is a feature on the social networking website Facebook . It was first enabled on February 9 , 2009 . The like button enables users to easily interact with status updates , comments , photos , links shared by friends , and advertisements . Once clicked by a user , the designated content appears in the News Feeds of that user 's friends , and the button also displays the number of other users who have liked the content , including a full or partial list of those users . The like button was extended to comments in June 2010 . After extensive testing and years of questions from the public about whether it had an intention to incorporate a `` Dislike '' button , Facebook officially rolled out `` Reactions '' to users worldwide on February 24 , 2016 , letting users long-press on the like button for an option to use one of five pre-defined emotions , including `` Love '' , `` Haha '' , `` Wow '' , `` Sad '' , or `` Angry '' . Reactions were also extended to comments in May 2017 . The like button is one of Facebook 's social plug-ins , in which the button can be placed on third-party websites . Its use centers around a form of an advertising network , in which it gathers information about which users visit what websites . This form of functionality , a sort of web beacon , has been significantly criticized for privacy . Privacy activist organizations have urged Facebook to stop its data collection through the plug-in , and governments have launched investigations into the activity for possible privacy law violations . Facebook has stated that it anonymizes the information after three months , and that the data collected is not shared or sold to third parties . Additionally , the like button 's potential use as a measurement of popularity has caused some companies to sell likes through fake Facebook accounts , which in turn have sparked complaints from some companies advertising on Facebook that have received an abundance of fake likes that have distorted proper user metrics . Facebook states in its Terms of Service agreement that users may only create one personal page , and it has ongoing efforts against the spread of fake accounts . In the United States , pressing the `` like '' button on a page is protected as freedom of speech under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de304446cd23243cfe95e62edf962946", "text": "Panning (camera) In cinematography and photography panning means swiveling a still or video camera horizontally from a fixed position . This motion is similar to the motion of a person when they turn their head on their neck from left to right . In the resulting image , the view seems to `` pass by '' the spectator as new material appears on one side of the screen and exits from the other , although perspective lines reveal that the entire image is seen from a fixed point of view . The term panning is short for panorama , suggesting an expansive view that exceeds the gaze , forcing the viewer to turn their head in order to take everything in . Panning , in other words , is a device for gradually revealing and incorporating off-screen space into the image . Panning should never be confused with `` tracking '' or `` travelling , '' in which the camera is not just swivelled but is physically displaced left or right , generally by being rolled parallel to its subject . In video technology , panning refers to the horizontal scrolling of an image wider than the display . For 3D modeling in computer graphics , panning means moving parallel to the current view plane . In other words , the camera moves perpendicular to the direction it is pointed . The technique also has limited applications in still photography . In other disciplines , this motion is called yaw .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e87624161ce00f32ef78e50bb8b82207", "text": "Front-facing camera A front-facing camera , or selfie camera , is a feature of cameras , mobile phones , smartphones , tablets and similar mobile devices that allows taking a self-portrait photograph or video while looking at the display of the device , usually showing a live preview of the image . Front-facing cameras are therefore an important development for videotelephony and the taking of selfies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22a1760af137af6beaabdd9d9a2ab144", "text": "Snap Inc. Snap Inc. is an American technology and social media company , founded on September 16 , 2011 by Evan Spiegel and Bobby Murphy and based in Venice , Los Angeles . It has three products : Snapchat , Spectacles , and Bitmoji . The company was originally named Snapchat Inc. upon its inception , but it was rebranded on September 24 , 2016 as Snap Inc. in order to include the Spectacles product under a single company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3de88e381664e4c92e727be6eb44592", "text": "Pentax Super-A The Pentax Super-A , also sold in some markets as the Pentax Super Program was a 35 mm single-lens reflex camera produced by Pentax of Japan in the 1980s . It is not the same camera as the slightly lower-specified `` Pentax Program A '' ( which also had an alternative name , the `` Pentax Program Plus '' . ) The camera offers fully automatic exposure ( `` program '' ) mode when coupled with an appropriate Pentax-A series lens . With such a lens the camera also offers shutter-priority mode , and with any compatible lens ( i.e. Pentax-M lenses in addition to the Pentax-A series ) the camera offers aperture-priority and fully manual modes . The shutter speeds , selected by up/down buttons rather than the conventional wheel , run from 1/2000 of a second to 15 seconds , plus a `` bulb '' mode . There is flash synchronisation at 1/125 of a second . Unlike the camera 's most direct predecessor , the semi-automatic Pentax ME-Super , this model can not function at 1/125 of a second , or at all , once the batteries have been exhausted . Speed is displayed on an LCD panel on the top of the camera adjacent to the buttons ( which also shows whether the camera is cocked ) , and both speed and aperture are visible on LCD displays inside the viewfinder . These receive natural light through a translucent plastic window on the pentaprism housing and can be electrically lit at the press of a button . Also in the viewfinder , centred , is a split image focus aid surrounded by a microprism ring . A further improvement over the ME Super was the inclusion of a depth-of-field preview lever . The camera also featured a self-timer , which was electronic rather than the manual lever of its predecessors . The available ISO film speed choices were extended too , and run from 6 to 3200 ASA . As with the previous M series cameras , there is a window next to the winder arm which indicated film movement , and assists the user in rewinding film into the cassette without losing the tip of the film . Metering is through the lens . Camera also features direct TTL flash metering . The Super A version was available with a black top-plate ( and matching base ) , the Super Program version was available with a chrome-coloured top-plate ( and matching base ) . The main body , plastic grip , and lenses were always black . The European camera of the year version ( 1983 ) had a small round brass plate on the front lefthand side of the body . This all came with a lens cap and strap with the European camera of the year insignia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f493b5c9bdc09d43d8e852297d6e3e80", "text": "Photographic plate Photographic plates preceded photographic film as a capture medium in photography . The light-sensitive emulsion of silver salts was coated on a glass plate , typically thinner than common window glass , instead of a clear plastic film . Glass plates were far superior to film for research-quality imaging because they were extremely stable and less likely to bend or distort , especially in large-format frames for wide-field imaging . Early plates used the wet collodion process . The wet plate process was replaced late in the 19th century by gelatin dry plates . Glass plate photographic material largely faded from the consumer market in the early years of the 20th century , as more convenient and less fragile films were increasingly adopted . However , photographic plates were reportedly still being used by one photography business in London until the 1970s , and they were in wide use by the professional astronomical community as late as the 1990s . Workshops on the use of glass plate photography as an alternative medium or for artistic use are still being conducted . A view camera nicknamed `` The Mammoth '' weighing 1400 lb was built by George R. Lawrence in 1899 , specifically to photograph `` The Alton Limited '' train owned by the Chicago & Alton Railway , took photographs on a single glass plate measuring 8 feet x 4.5 feet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "234ae6c46ae5283431f81afd1d686d60", "text": "The Pope App The Pope App is an official mobile application software launched by the Roman Catholic Church and the Vatican on January 23 , 2013 . At the beginning it was only available on iPhone and iPad , but became available for Android phones in the end of February 2013 . The app is available for download on iOS and Android in five languages : English , French , Italian , Portuguese and Spanish . It is promoted as an application with focus on the figure of the Pope which will make it possible to follow the Pope 's events while they are taking place . Alerts notify the followers by informing and offering access to `` official papal-related content in a variety of formats '' . The app also enables its users to see areas of the Vatican through webcams allocated throughout St. Peter 's Square in Rome that broadcast images . The Pope App is distributed through the App Store and Google Play .", "title": "" } ]
fever
babe971e6d7b90a0a695dbe6a472509d
Rio de Janeiro is not in a metropolitan area.
[ { "docid": "f601efe36b2e84d77c6df111cbc9f297", "text": "Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( -LSB- ˈriːoʊ_di_ʒəˈnɛəroʊ , _ - deɪ_ʒə - , _ - də_dʒə - -RSB- -LSB- ˈʁi.u d ( ʒi ) ʒɐˈnejɾu -RSB- ; River of January ) , or simply Rio , is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas . The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area , the second-most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and sixth-most populous in the Americas . Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 's third-most populous state . Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site , named `` Rio de Janeiro : Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea '' , by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape . Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese , the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro , a domain of the Portuguese Empire . Later , in 1763 , it became the capital of the State of Brazil , a state of the Portuguese Empire . In 1808 , when the Portuguese Royal Court transferred itself from Portugal to Brazil , Rio de Janeiro became the chosen seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal , who subsequently , in 1815 , under the leadership of her son , the Prince Regent , and future King João VI of Portugal , raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom , within the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil , and Algarves . Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822 , when the War of Brazilian Independence began . This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies . Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy , the Empire of Brazil , until 1889 , and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília . Rio de Janeiro has the second largest municipal GDP in the country , and 30th largest in the world in 2008 , estimated at about R$ 343 billion ( IBGE , 2008 ) ( nearly US$ 201 billion ) . It is headquarters to Brazilian oil , mining , and telecommunications companies , including two of the country 's major corporations -- Petrobras and Vale -- and Latin America 's largest telemedia conglomerate , Grupo Globo . The home of many universities and institutes , it is the second-largest center of research and development in Brazil , accounting for 17 % of national scientific output according to 2005 data . Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known for its natural settings , Carnival , samba , bossa nova , and balneario beaches such as Barra da Tijuca , Copacabana , Ipanema , and Leblon . In addition to the beaches , some of the most famous landmarks include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado mountain , named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World ; Sugarloaf Mountain with its cable car ; the Sambódromo ( Sambadrome ) , a permanent grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used during Carnival ; and Maracanã Stadium , one of the world 's largest football stadiums . Rio de Janeiro was the host of the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Paralympics , making the city the first South American and Portuguese-speaking city to host the events , and the third time the Olympics were held in a Southern Hemisphere city . The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , and the XV Pan American Games . The city is divided into 33 administrative regions .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8bdc2422283dbee1efca9cd34c314fcb", "text": "São Luís, Maranhão São Luís ( -LSB- sɐ̃w luˈis -RSB- , Saint Louis ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The city is located on Ilha de São Luís ( Saint Louis ' Island ) in the Baía de São Marcos ( Saint Mark 's Bay ) , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré , Mearim , Itapecuru and other rivers . Its coordinates are 2.53 ° south , 44.30 ° west . The city proper has a population of some 986,826 people ( 2008 IBGE estimate ) . The metropolitan area totals 1,227,659 , ranked as the 16th largest in Brazil . São Luís , created originally as Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan , is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France ( see France Équinoxiale ) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands ( the others are Vitória and Florianópolis ) . The city has two major sea ports : Madeira Port and Itaqui Port , through which a substantial part of Brazil 's iron ore , originating from the ( pre ) - Amazon region , is exported . The city 's main industries are metallurgical with Alumar , and VALE . São Luís is home of the Federal University of Maranhão . São Luís was the home town of famous Brazilian samba singer Alcione , Brazilian writers Aluísio Azevedo , Ferreira Gullar and Josué Montello , Belgian-naturalised soccer player Luís Oliveira , and the musician João do Vale and Zeca Baleiro , a Música popular brasileira ( MPB ) singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11044fb27af85c09cee6ee263e124e48", "text": "Line 1 (Rio de Janeiro) | -RCB- Line 1 of the Rio de Janeiro Metro serves the city 's downtown business centre , the tourist areas in the city 's South Zone , and several neighbourhoods in the North Zone . It is a semi-circular line , and is fully underground . It runs from Saens Peña to Ipanema/General Osório . It is the original line of the Rio de Janeiro Metro system and it was constructed from June 1970 to March 1979 ( with a hiatus between 1971 and 1974 due to lack of funds ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17e1bd22271c62f433a8d68f8c302636", "text": "Maracanã River (Rio de Janeiro) The Maracanã River of Rio de Janeiro ( Brazilian Portuguese : -LSB- mɐɾakɐˈnɐ̃ -RSB- ) , which means green bird in Tupi -- Guarani , is a river located in Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20b4512aea3e28035c0326ec77a59951", "text": "Río Negro, Chile Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- , English : Black River ) is a Chilean city and commune in Osorno Province , Los Lagos Region . The city is located 38 km south of Osorno and 6 km west of Route 5 . It has an area of 1,266 km ² and a population of 14,732 inhabitants ( 7,204 women and 7,528 men according to census 2002 ) . The commune is bordered on the north by Osorno and San Juan de la Costa , on the east by Puerto Octay , on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and on the south by Purranque .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82df5c79e0340e21a1d3c25fb9d081a9", "text": "Rio de Janeiro Metro The Rio de Janeiro Metro ( Portuguese : MetrôRio -LSB- meˌtɾo ˈʁi.u -RSB- , commonly referred to as just the Metrô -LSB- Meˈtɾo -RSB- ) is a mass-transit underground railway network that serves the city of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . The Metrô was inaugurated on March 5 , 1979 and consisted of five stations operating on a single line . The system currently covers a total of 58 km , serving 41 stations , divided into three lines : Line 1 ( 16 km ) ; Line 2 ( 30.2 km ) , which together travel over a shared stretch of line that covers 10 stations of an approximate distance of 5 kilometers ; and Line 4 ( 16 km ) . Metrô Rio has the second highest passenger volume of the metro systems in Brazil , after the São Paulo Metro . Line 1 ( orange line ) serves downtown Rio , tourist areas in the South Zone , and several neighbourhoods in the North Zone . It is a semicircular line , and is fully underground . It runs from Uruguai Station to Ipanema/General Osório Station . Line 2 ( green line ) serves working-class residential neighborhoods extending toward the north . It is a northwest-to-southeast line , and almost completely above-ground ( mostly at grade and partly elevated ) . This line started as a light rail , but due to increasing numbers of commuters , it gradually changed to rapid transit or metro . Because of its origin as light rail , it is at grade except for Estácio Station ( the former connection station between lines 1 and 2 ) , which is underground and Cidade Nova Station , which is elevated , and Line 4 ( yellow line ) , connecting Barra da Tijuca/Jardim Oceânico Station in the West Zone to Ipanema/General Osório Station on Line 1 . The Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro remains responsible for the expansion of the metro network through Rio Trilhos . In late December 2007 , the lease was renewed until 2038 and Metrô Rio assumed responsibility for the construction of Cidade Nova Station , which serves as a link between Line 2 and Line 1 ending the need to transfer stations , with the purchase of 114 cars , and construction of Uruguai Station , extending Line 1 further north . The extension works of Line 2 , called Line 1A , which ended the need for a transfer at Estácio Station and allowed the direct connection from Pavuna Station to Botafogo were started by Metrô Rio on November 13 , 2008 and the tracks were completed in December 2009 . With the extension , the 250 thousand passengers that circulate daily on Line 2 do not need to change trains any more in order to get to the South Zone . The interconnection of the two metro lines will reduce , by up to 13 minutes , the journey time from Pavuna station to the city 's downtown , the destination of 83 % of Line 2 's passengers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bb341f333d22a9b6f5358c49c929648", "text": "Mangaratiba Mangaratiba ( -LSB- mɐ̃ˈɡaɾaˈtʃibɐ -RSB- ) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro . Its population is 29,272 ( 2005 ) and its area is 352 km ² . Part of the Sylvester Stallone film The Expendables was shot in the central part of the city . The pier that is exploded in the film is the pier that the main ferry to Ilha Grande uses as its base of operation . Many large bulk carriers enter the port of Mangaratiba , fetching heavy loads of iron ore bound for especially European ports . As such , the port of Mangaratiba is one of the largest in Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f79b8e4c44ddd77f39411b1f8d7136a5", "text": "Praia Grande Praia Grande ( -LSB- ˌpɾajjaˈɡɾɐ̃dʒi -RSB- is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Baixada Santista . The population is 299,261 ( 2015 est. ) in an area of 147.07 km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f445134b32a0fb37b1331527914c5f1", "text": "Higienópolis, Rio de Janeiro Higienópolis is a neighborhood in the North Zone of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94016f9c607ac2772937fedc7260d5f5", "text": "Itatiba Itatiba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil , approximately 80 km from the State Capital . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas . The population is 113,284 ( 2015 est. ) in an area of 322.28 km ² . The average elevation is 750 m . The place 's name comes from the Tupi Guarani language , and means `` Many Rocks '' . The city is known as the `` Princess of the Hill '' due to its rugged terrain . According to the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro , Itatiba is the third city with the highest quality of life in Brazil , presenting a FIRJAN Municipal Development Index of 0.9276 . It is considered to be the town with the 3rd highest levels of oxygen in the air in the whole world . It used to be the furniture capital of Brazil . Itatiba also has the biggest thematic zoo in Latin America , the `` Zooparque '' . The city is also base of the famous country club and golf course Quinta da Baroneza .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73865acd8e4b34f3f7bcc391d8f9761b", "text": "Unemployment in Brazil The rate of unemployment in Brazil is determined by the Monthly Employment Survey , coordinated by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics ( IBGE ) . This research examines the economically active population ( PEA ) of the six largest metropolitan areas ( São Paulo , Rio de Janeiro , Belo Horizonte , Porto Alegre , Salvador and Recife ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6773aaae11617e546752e9631aaae92e", "text": "Bangu, Rio de Janeiro Bangu is a neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . It is a middle-class neighborhood . It is located in the western area of the city being one of the most populated districts , with 244,518 inhabitants ( according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE - Demographic Census 2000 ) -LSB- 1 -RSB- distributed in an area of 4570.69 ha . Located in the geographic center of the city , the neighborhood is close to Campo Grande , Senador Camará , Vila Aliança , Padre Miguel and Realengo . On November 22 , 2004 the mayor of Rio de Janeiro César Maia created by decree the district Gericinó . The neighborhood was originally part of the neighborhood of Bangu , the region where the penitentiary of Bangu is located , besides Bangu dump . The region is where Gericinó was located containing the sub-district of the Aqueduct ( Aqueduct of the Seine ) . Since 2004 , the complex of Bangu and dump of Bangu , no longer belong to the neighborhood of Bangu . The neighborhood is well known for high temperatures in the summer , exceeding 40 ° C . The official record lowest temperature ever recorded in the city of Rio de Janeiro took place in Campo dos Afonsos ( 4.8 ° C ) in July 1928 , and the highest in Bangu ( 43.2 ° C ) in January 1984 . In sport , the major representative is the Bangu Atlético Clube , state champion twice ( in 1933 and 1966 ) , Brazilian Vice-Champion in 1985 , World Champion and 1960 State Champion ( Series B ) in 1911 , 1914 and 2008 . Besides Bangu , also of note is the Ceres Futebol Clube , State champion ( Series C ) in 1990 and the Esperança Futebol Clube , Carioca champion ( Series C ) in 1918 . In samba , the main club is called the Unidos de Bangu , which is a pioneer in the carnival , and the fourth oldest samba school in Brazil . It is the forerunner of Scholars of Santa Cruz . The club participated for a few years in the Special Group of Carnival . It was the bi-champion of the Carioca Carnaval in 1957 and 1962 ( Group A ) , the school made its last carnival in 1998 . There is also the Unidos da Vila Kennedy , champion in 2000 ( Group C ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3", "text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ceb9aac793985c843f5d830ac1bfacf2", "text": "Guanabara (state) The State of Guanabara ( Estado da Guanabara , -LSB- ɡwanaˈbaɾa -RSB- ) was a Brazilian city-state that existed from 1960 to 1975 . It comprised only the city of Rio de Janeiro after the Federal District was moved from that city to Brasília in 1960 . The state was named after Guanabara Bay , along its eastern coast . In 1834 , the city of Rio de Janeiro was elevated to Imperial capital of the Empire of Brazil , but it was not part of any Brazilian province , having special status as the so-called `` Neutral municipality '' ( Município Neutro ) . The surrounding Province of Rio de Janeiro ( which did not include the city ) had its capital city in Niterói . When Brazil became a republic in 1889 , the city of Rio de Janeiro remained the national capital and became the Federal District ( Distrito Federal ) , while the surrounding homonymous province became a state , still with Niterói as its capital . When the national capital was moved to Brasília in 1960 , a new Federal District was carved out of the state of Goiás to contain it , and the old Federal District became Guanabara State . Throughout its 15-year existence , Guanabara was a unique state in many ways . Comprising only one city ( albeit a large one ) , Guanabara was the smallest Brazilian state by land . It also had the peculiarity of being the only Brazilian state that was not divided into municipalities . Although for some practical purposes , it was sometimes counted as having one single municipality , and Rio de Janeiro was officially named its capital , there was no mayor , municipal legislature or any other municipal government institution there , as the city of Rio de Janeiro was directly administered by the state government . On the other hand , that also meant that the Guanabara state government had some functions that were normally assigned to municipalities elsewhere , such as regulating urban zoning , inspecting the safety of buildings , or issuing licenses for commercial venues , for example . All the characteristics disappeared in 1975 , when the states of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro merged into a new , larger State of Rio de Janeiro . The city of Rio de Janeiro became a municipality of the new combined state and its new capital city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bd8fdda1eefd3e2f021f92826f60bff", "text": "Rio Paranaíba Rio Paranaíba is a Brazilian municipality located in the northwest of the state of Minas Gerais . Its population as of 2007 was 10,809 people living in a total area of 1,353 km ² . The city belongs to the mesoregion of Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba and to the microregion of Patos de Minas . It became a municipality in 1923 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc868ad2854d91bbe7de39222c54211e", "text": "Gamboa, Rio de Janeiro Gamboa is a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . Gamboa , along with Santo Cristo and Saúde , is one of the oldest boroughs of Rio . It was originally settled by the aristocracy , due to the attractive position on the shores of Guanabara Bay , but lost its glamour when the docks were built . Along with this history , the area also hosts The English Cemetery at Gamboa , one of the oldest British institutions in Rio . In 1809 , Dom João VI ceded to the British two and a half acres of farmland along the shore of the bay . Lord Strangford , British Ambassador to the Emperor 's court , founded the cemetery , and the first burial took place in 1811 . Category : Neighbourhoods in Rio de Janeiro ( city )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9398cd053248cc53b35ba53490d6054b", "text": "Santo Cristo, Rio de Janeiro Santo Cristo is a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5babcd801020d3d568da5a3ac6d4916f", "text": "Urban area An urban area is a human settlement with high population density and infrastructure of built environment . Urban areas are created through urbanization and are categorized by urban morphology as cities , towns , conurbations or suburbs . In urbanism , the term contrasts to rural areas such as villages and hamlets and in urban sociology or urban anthropology it contrasts with natural environment . The creation of early predecessors of urban areas during the urban revolution led to the creation of human civilization with modern urban planning , which along with other human activities such as exploitation of natural resources leads to human impact on the environment . The world 's urban population in 1950 of just 746 million has increased to 3.9 billion in the decades since . In 2009 , the number of people living in urban areas ( 3.42 billion ) surpassed the number living in rural areas ( 3.41 billion ) and since then the world has become more urban than rural . This was the first time that the majority of the world 's population lived in a city . In 2014 there were 7.25 billion people living on the planet , of which the global urban population comprised 3.9 billion . The Population Division of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs at that time predicted the urban population would grow to 6.4 billion by 2050 , with 37 % of that growth to come from three countries : China , India and Nigeria . Urban areas are created and further developed by the process of urbanization . Urban areas are measured for various purposes , including analyzing population density and urban sprawl . Unlike an urban area , a metropolitan area includes not only the urban area , but also satellite cities plus intervening rural land that is socio-economically connected to the urban core city , typically by employment ties through commuting , with the urban core city being the primary labor market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39d2c5e4fd60452fe16228f0c342f809", "text": "Rioni of Rome A rione of Rome ( pl . rioni ) is a traditional administrative division of the city of Rome . `` Rione '' is an Italian term used since the 14th century to name a district of a town . The term was born in Rome , originating from the administrative divisions of the city . The word comes from the Latin word regio ( pl . regiones , meaning region ) ; during the Middle Ages the Latin word became rejones , from which rione comes . Currently , all the rioni are located in Municipio I of Rome .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ff59e5b2b345d9c9f0ee1fc6bfdaded", "text": "ABC Region The term ABC Region is an industrial region in Greater São Paulo , Brazil . The name refers to three smaller cities south of São Paulo , capital of the Brazilian state of the same name . Originally , these three cities were Santo André , São Bernardo do Campo , and São Caetano do Sul . Later , the region became known as the ABCD , with the addition of the city of Diadema . Today the region is formally , and less memorably , known as the ABCDMRR , with the addition of Mauá , Ribeirão Pires and Rio Grande da Serra . The ABC region is widely known in Brazil and abroad because of the great number of international companies , particularly car manufacturers , in its area . National media and organizations consider ABC a powerful industrial pole and birthplace of the labor union movement that fought against dictatorship in the 1970s and 1980s . In this region was formed the Workers ' Party ( PT ) whose activities and popularity launched a great figure to the best known names in Brazil : Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva , or simply Lula , president of Brazil in 2002 . In 2006 , the Universidade Federal do ABC was established .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641", "text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .", "title": "" } ]
fever
0131942034637a927d4c4c49bbe519eb
Reba McEntire sang in a high school band.
[ { "docid": "9ff3b9b9411f3204649281f40bedabb5", "text": "Reba McEntire Reba Nell McEntire ( born March 28 , 1955 ) is an American country singer , songwriter , actress , and record producer . She began her career in the music industry as a high school student singing in the Kiowa High School band , on local radio shows with her siblings , and at rodeos . While a sophomore in college , she performed the National Anthem at the National Rodeo in Oklahoma City and caught the attention of country artist Red Steagall who brought her to Nashville , Tennessee . She signed a contract with Mercury Records a year later in 1975 . She released her first solo album in 1977 and released five additional studio albums under the label until 1983 . Signing with MCA Nashville Records , McEntire took creative control over her second MCA album , My Kind of Country ( 1984 ) , which had a more traditional country sound and produced two number one singles : `` How Blue '' and `` Somebody Should Leave '' . The album brought her breakthrough success , bringing her a series of successful albums and number one singles in the 1980s and 1990s . McEntire has since released 29 studio albums , acquired 40 number one singles , 16 number one albums , and 28 albums have been certified gold , platinum or multi-platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America . She has sometimes been referred to as `` The Queen of Country '' . and she is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 85 million records worldwide . In the early 1990s , McEntire branched into film starting with 1990 's Tremors . She has since starred in the Broadway revival of Annie Get Your Gun and in her television sitcom , Reba ( 2001 -- 07 ) for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Television Series -- Musical or Comedy .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e9c5bec977b8b23ee57f75c8c01d50ac", "text": "Honda Battle of the Bands The Honda Battle of the Bands ( sometimes abbreviated The Honda or HBOB ) is an annual marching band exhibition in the United States which features performances by bands from historically black colleges and universities ( HBCUs ) . Sponsored by the American Honda Motor Company , the Invitational Showcase takes place in the Georgia Dome in Atlanta , Georgia in late January . The Honda Battle of the Bands Celebration Tour takes place between the months of September and November at regular season football games , although Honda Battle of the Bands ( and its abbreviations ) is often intended to refer only to the invitational showcase , which first took place in 2003 . Seemingly contradictory to the name , Honda 's `` battle '' is not a competition in the traditional sense ; that is , no winner is crowned during the event . Rather , the bands compete for the favor of the audience , each other , and the greater community . The 2016 event had a nearly sold out crowd with 63,000 + fans and spectators in attendance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31ad1dcb27a4ce590d7e54d26b3dcbc2", "text": "Mary G. Montgomery High School Mary Gillen Montgomery High School is located in Semmes , an incorporated suburb of Mobile in Mobile County , Alabama , United States . Founded in 1965 , the school is part of the Mobile County Public School System , and is one of the largest of the county 's 18 public high schools . Due to its long official name , the school is affectionately known as `` MGM , '' `` Mary G , '' `` Mary Montgomery , '' or `` Montgomery High . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af4d7a058bc486fb61f5d38e63e424c7", "text": "Susie McEntire Martha Susan `` Susie '' McEntire-Eaton ( formerly Luchsinger ; born November 8 , 1957 ) is an American CCM singer . She is the younger sister of Reba , Alice , and Pake . She used her married name of Susie Luchsinger on her solo albums until her divorce in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "229d486d42c36f907d5de1b36f7c9bbd", "text": "International Sweethearts of Rhythm The International Sweethearts of Rhythm was the first integrated all women 's band in the United States . During the 1940s the band featured some of the best female musicians of the day . They played swing and jazz on a national circuit that included the Apollo Theater in New York City , the Regal Theater in Chicago , and the Howard Theater in Washington , DC . After a performance in Chicago in 1943 , the Chicago Defender announced the band was , `` One of the hottest stage shows that ever raised the roof of the theater ! '' More recently , they have been labeled `` the most prominent and probably best female aggregation of the Big Band era . '' During feminist movements of the 1960s and 1970s in America , the International Sweethearts of Rhythm regained a significant amount of popularity , particularly with feminist writers and musicologists who have made it their goal to change the discourse on the history of jazz to equally include both men and women musicians . Antionette Handy , flutist , documented the story of these female musicians of color .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9935788f9b46fe56cfeedc926db246ce", "text": "The Miracles discography The Miracles were the Motown Record Corporation 's first group and its first million-selling recording artists . During their nineteen-year run on the American music charts , The Miracles charted over fifty hits and recorded in the genres of doo wop , soul , disco , and R&B . Twenty-six Miracles songs reached the Top Ten of the Billboard R&B singles chart , including four R&B number ones . Sixteen of the Miracles ' songs charted within the Top 20 of the Billboard Hot 100 , with seven of those songs reaching the Top Ten and two -- 1970 's `` The Tears of a Clown '' and 1975 's `` Love Machine '' ( Part 1 ) -- reaching number-one . A third song , the million-selling `` Shop Around '' reached # 1 on the Cash Box magazine Pop chart . The Miracles also scored 11 U.S. R&B Top 10 Albums , including 2 - # 1 's . According to several websites , the Miracles are one of the most oft-covered groups in recorded history and the most covered Motown group ever . Their music and songs have influenced artists all over the world -- in every major musical genre -- over the last 50 years . They also have the distinction of having more songs inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame than any other Motown group . ( Original lineup : Claudette Rogers Robinson , Bobby Rogers , Ronnie White , Smokey Robinson , Marv Tarplin , Pete Moore ) . All releases were on Motown Records ' Tamla subsidiary label unless otherwise indicated . In the 1960s , Motown Record Corporation , like many independent labels , did not register sales figures through the RIAA , the organization that certifies and awards Gold Records . So it is difficult to determine the full number of Miracles songs and recordings that sold a million or more records . Also , with the passing of decades of time , some songs that did not sell a million records on their initial release may have indeed done so over the years . However , several reference works , such as the books Hits Of The Sixties : The Million Sellers by Demitri Coryton & Joseph Murrells , as well as The Book Of Golden Discs - by Joseph Murrells - point out that the Miracles had several million - selling records during their career , including the following : Shop Around ( 1961 ) , You 've Really Got a Hold on Me ( 1962 ) , Mickey 's Monkey ( 1963 ) , The Tracks Of My Tears ( 1965 ) , Going To A Go-Go , ( single and album ) ( 1965 ) , I Second That Emotion ( 1967 ) , Baby Baby Do n't Cry ( 1969 ) , The Tears of a Clown * ( 1970 ) , Do It Baby ( 1974 ) , Love Machine * ( 1975 ) , and the Platinum album City Of Angels ( 1975 ) . This is quite probably an incomplete list , since Miracle Pete Moore states on his corporate website , that The Miracles actually had 12 Gold Records to their credit by 1967 , including 1965 's Ooo Baby Baby . multi-million sellers . Note : The Miracles ' 2006 DVD release The Definitive Performances ( 1963 -- 1987 ) was also certified Gold by the R.I.A.A.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "577c94fdea405dd4d1633f0712a2b170", "text": "Brewster High School (Brewster, New York) Brewster High School is a comprehensive public secondary school for grades 9 -- 12 with an enrollment of approximately 1,200 students and over 110 teachers and support personnel . Most students take English , Social Studies , Math , and Science through their senior year . Brewster students have been recognized regionally and nationally for excellence in all academic disciplines . Brewster High School has also grown into a regionally recognized leader in the Fine and Performing Arts , with one of the most advanced Performing Arts Centers in the region . In addition , nearly three quarters of the student body participate in interscholastic sports and/or one of the school 's numerous clubs , honor societies , yearbook , student literary magazine , or student newspaper . BHS 's marching band is critically acclaimed , as the band travels to several parades in New York City each year ( including the St. Patrick 's Day parade ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0d2266f7425b1a4bf2b3684a1f65613", "text": "The Byrds' Greatest Hits The Byrds ' Greatest Hits is the first greatest hits album by the American rock band The Byrds and was released in August 1967 on Columbia Records ( see 1967 in music ) . It is the top-selling album in The Byrds ' catalogue and reached # 6 on the Billboard Top LPs chart but failed to break into the UK Albums Chart . The album provides a summary of The Byrds ' history during Gene Clark and David Crosby 's tenure with the band and also functions as a survey of the group 's hit singles from 1965 to 1967 , a period when the band had its greatest amount of success on the singles chart . Most of the band 's U.S. A-sides from this period are included on the album , along with three of their more important album tracks : `` I 'll Feel a Whole Lot Better '' , `` The Bells of Rhymney '' , and `` Chimes of Freedom '' . The three U.S. singles from this period that are not included on the album are `` Set You Free This Time '' , `` Have You Seen Her Face '' and `` Lady Friend '' ( although these songs have been included as bonus tracks on various CD reissues of the album ) . All of the songs included on the original Greatest Hits album can also be found on the band 's first four albums , Mr. Tambourine Man , Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! , Fifth Dimension and Younger Than Yesterday . The eight tracks on The Byrds ' Greatest Hits that had been singles peaked at the following positions on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` 5D ( Fifth Dimension ) '' # 44 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 40 ; `` Mr. Spaceman '' # 36 ; `` My Back Pages '' # 30 ; `` So You Want to Be a Rock 'n' Roll Star '' # 29 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 14 ; `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 1 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In addition , four of the singles included on the album had charted in the United Kingdom , peaking at the following positions on the UK Singles Chart : `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' # 26 ; `` Eight Miles High '' # 24 ; `` All I Really Want to Do '' # 4 ; and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' # 1 . In particular , the `` Eight Miles High '' , `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' , and `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' singles were widely influential during the 1960s , a time when singles , at least in pop music , were as important in their own right as albums , and generally more so . `` Turn ! Turn ! Turn ! '' summed up the decade 's counter-cultural values as much as `` Blowin ' in the Wind '' , '' ( I Ca n't Get No ) Satisfaction '' or `` All You Need Is Love '' , while `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' and `` Eight Miles High '' helped to introduce the subgenres of folk rock and psychedelic rock respectively into the popular music of the day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f42cb46bfa48ed6274fe864781f2ec3a", "text": "Rhythm band The rhythm band is one of the primary methods of introducing children to playing music . Children are given maracas , tambourines , bells , rhythm sticks and other idiophones with which to beat out a simple rhythm while the teacher plays a song , usually on the piano . Alternatively , the teacher does not play a melody but also a rhythm instrument , so that only rhythms are played . Children can also make a rhythm band `` just for fun '' for themselves , without a teacher . If the participants like very loud music , noisemakers like the pea whistle , the recorder head joint , the vuvuzela or the ratchet can be included into the rhythm band , as well as other very loud rhythm instruments like the snare drum . Rhythm bands are usually found in nursery schools or kindergartens , but of course children also can make a rhythm band at home . Melodic instruments are introduced to the children in the first or second year of regular school . But in principle , a rhythm band can be made in every age , with more difficult rhrythms if the participants are older . It is not uncommon for adult musical organizations to employ numerous rhythm players , as in Latin American music , or to distribute rhythm instruments for audience members to accompany a live performance . Category : Early childhood education Category : Music education", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40cde49eba95171874465f53044e50a7", "text": "School for Creative and Performing Arts The School for Creative and Performing Arts ( SCPA ) is a magnet arts school in Cincinnati in the US state of Ohio , and part of the Cincinnati Public Schools ( CPS ) . SCPA was founded in 1973 as one of the first magnet schools in Cincinnati and became the first school in the country to combine a full range of arts studies with a complete college-preparatory academic program for elementary through high school students . Of the approximately 350 arts schools in the United States , SCPA is one of the oldest and has been cited as a model for both racial integration and for arts programs in over 100 cities . SCPA had three different homes in its first four years , including a makeshift campus in the Mount Adams neighborhood and another in Roselawn . In 1976 , it occupied the Old Woodward High School building , on the site of one of the oldest public schools in the country . The school rose to national prominence in the 1980s , but was nearly closed in the 1990s following a series of scandals , leadership struggles , and an arson fire which destroyed the auditorium . Its reputation recovered in the years that followed and in 2009 -- 10 , the school was featured in the MTV reality series Taking the Stage , filmed at the school and featuring SCPA students . In 2010 SCPA combined with the Schiel Primary School for Arts Enrichment to create the first kindergarten through twelfth grade ( about ages five to seventeen ) arts school and first private sector/public arts school in the US . A new facility in Over-the-Rhine was championed by the late Cincinnati Pops Maestro Erich Kunzel and funded through a unique public-private partnership that raised over $ 31 million in private contributions to match public funding . The building features specialized facilities for the arts and three separate theaters and is the key to redevelopment plans for the area . Students must audition for admission ; fewer than 20 percent of those who apply each year are accepted . SCPA is free to CPS students but also attracts tuition-paying students from outside the district and the state . The newly combined school will serve approximately 1,300 students in 2010 , offering a curriculum designed to prepare students for professional careers in creative writing , dance , drama , music , technical theater , and visual art . The emphasis is on performance , and students in every field are required to perform or present their work in public regularly . Students compete successfully in arts competitions locally and internationally . On standardized tests , SCPA ranks second among Cincinnati public schools . Ninety percent of graduating seniors continue on to college , and those students receive one of the highest levels of scholarship funding in the city . A limited number of extracurricular activities are offered , as students are expected to commit significant after-school time to training and performance . SCPA has produced notable graduates in a wide range of artistic fields , including award-winning actors , singers , directors and technicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca9c82306f9a0bb5c4d8fa8691924fbd", "text": "Association of Texas Small School Bands The Association of Texas Small School Bands ( ATSSB ) is a musical organization dedicated to promoting the interests of small school bands in the state of Texas . The focus of ATSSB is on serving the needs of small school band students , directors , parents , and administrators . ATSSB was created in 1991 . ATSSB Membership is open to any band director and/or assistant director , those high schools which the University Interscholastic League classifies as class 4A ( AAAA ) and below ( beginning in 2014-15 ) or middle school that feeds a 4A or smaller high school or a private middle school , with classifications determined by enrollment . The school must be accredited by the Texas Education Agency or an accrediting agency approved by the Texas Private School Accreditation Commission . The Association of Texas Small School Bands is headquartered in Houston , Texas . Although , ATSSB was formed out of frustration with the Texas Music Educators Association ( believing it , and especially its All-State Band , to be dominated by the larger AAAA and AAAAA schools ) , the two organizations regularly work together , ( alongside with the Texas Bandmasters Organization ) , to promote music education in Texas . ATSSB meets twice each year in General Session - once in February and once in July . In addition , the ATSSB All-State Bands rehearse and perform in San Antonio in February . Each year , ATSSB hosts an audition process to select two high school all-state bands and a jazz band .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "159e0041c4dce4106538bfdc800b5756", "text": "Bandera High School Bandera High School is a public high school located in Bandera , Texas , USA , and classified as a 4A school by the UIL . It is part of the Bandera Independent School District that serves students in eastern Bandera County . It was named a 2001-02 National Blue Ribbon School In 2014 , Bandera High School was ranked 16th of 66 high schools in Children at Risk 's High Schools in Greater San Antonio . In 2015 , the school was rated `` Met Standard '' by the Texas Education Agency . On April 27 , 2015 , Sergio Menchaca was named the new principal of the school , replacing Gary Bitzkie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9adf45a27248f80bcaf304823e991f48", "text": "Hail! Hail! Rock 'n' Roll (album) Hail ! Hail ! Rock 'n' Roll is an album by Chuck Berry and soundtrack to the film of the same name , which was released in 1987 under record label , MCA . The album was recorded live at The Fox Theatre , St Louis , Missouri and Berry Park , Wentzville , Missouri on October 6 and October 16 , 1986 . The event was held to celebrate Berry 's 60th birthday and it included several special guests . The album does not include the Berry song `` School Days , '' which includes the line the album 's title is derived from ( although the song does appear in the film ) . The release of this album on MCA was something of a homecoming for Berry , who from 1954 to 1966 and again from 1970 to 1975 recorded for Chess Records which , by 1986 , was now part of MCA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2b50fa73d6e2da247a93b651da508fa", "text": "Evergreen High School (Metamora, Ohio) Evergreen High School is a public high school located in Metamora , Ohio . It was first opened in 1968 . Today the institution serves 400 students in grades 9-12 . Their nickname is the Vikings . The building also houses the Board of Education . They are members of the Northwest Ohio Athletic League . Current sports teams are football , volleyball , cross-country , basketball , wrestling , baseball , softball , bowling , golf , track , equestrian , cheerleading , soccer , and trap & skeet . Evergreen has many school organizations or clubs which consist of SADD ( Students Against Destructive Decisions ) , NHS ( National Honor Society ) , Art Club , FCA ( Fellowship of Christian Athletes ) , Yearbook Club , Quiz Team , FFA ( Future Farmers of America ) and a Foreign Language Club . The school is also partnered with Four-County Vocational School in Archbold , Ohio . More than half of the school is involved in Choir and Band , both offered as classes . Currently , the Evergreen Marching Viking Band contains ( and fields ) 155 members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddaf912386cf1e78460fc9bbb4e2a25f", "text": "What If (Reba McEntire song) `` What If '' is a song written by Diane Warren , originally recorded by Brenda K. Starr for her 1991 album By Heart . The song was covered in 1995 by Belgian jazz band Vaya Con Dios on their album Roots and Wings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16fcefa8bcf44b36f011a483bbe2712f", "text": "Is There Life Out There? Is There Life Out There is a 1994 American television film starring Reba McEntire , who also sings the title song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36509ea167e7db7484723a07be1a0807", "text": "Charlotte Amalie High School Charlotte Amalie High School is a public high school housing a population of just over 1400 students , and 130 plus members of faculty and staff . It is located in what is colloquially called the `` town area '' of the island of St. Thomas , United States Virgin Islands ; It is named after the official name for the `` town area , '' Charlotte Amalie , and it is a part of the St. Thomas-St . John School District . It is the territory 's most populous high school .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "216ac6cf674870de8952349d79837690", "text": "Hastings High School (Minnesota) Hastings Senior High School is one of the oldest operating public high schools in the state of Minnesota . Hastings Senior High School is located in Hastings , Minnesota and is part of Independent School District 200 . A brand new multimillion-dollar school was established in 2001 , upon which a new vision took place for the education of Hastings ' students . The construction of the new school was centered on a bridge connecting the athletic portion of the school to the academic . Not only does this bridge show the important connection between academics and athletics at Hastings , it also holds a metaphorical meaning according to the school 's website : `` Hastings High School is a student-centered environment , a bridge connecting students to other students , and students to teachers , staff and administrators '' . Hastings High School has a strong connection to the community and reflects its unique heritage and tradition of progress '' Hastings High school is known for its strong music program , a freshmen orientation program titled `` Link Crew '' , athletics , National Honor Society , and service to the community in which it is established . Hastings High School is also known for their national placing show choir , Riverside Company . Hastings also has an incredible special education program in the school and works with students of all abilities . The school 's philosophy is revolved around a liberal arts education where students must take core classes to fulfill graduation requirements including English , social studies , mathematics , sciences , languages , and the arts , but students can also choose from a variety of business , physical education , horticulture , family studies , and industrial technology classes . Hastings enrolls about 1,800 students grades 9-12 and has a graduation rate of 97 percent . Hastings Senior High School is 354,000 square feet and is positioned on 100 + acres in the bluffs near the Mississippi River . Hastings Senior High School ( MN ) is home to the oldest , active alumni association in the country , hosting its 131st annual meeting in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b4b628f663fc9de08a8316c4f86f32e", "text": "New World School of the Arts New World School of the Arts ( NWSA ) is a public magnet high school and college in Downtown Miami , Florida . Its dual-enrollment programs in the visual and performing arts are organized into four strands : visual arts , dance , theatre ( comprising programs in theater and musical theatre ) , and music ( comprising programs in instrumental music and vocal music ) . The New World School of the Arts was a pioneer in dual-enrollment education , arising out of an experiment between Miami Northwestern High School and Dade Community College ( now Miami Dade College ) . NWSA was formally created as an outcome of that experiment by the 1986 New World School of the Arts Act of the Florida State Legislature as `` a center of excellence for the performing and visual art '' , with the stated intention `` that specific attention be given to the needs of artistically talented high school students who are occupationally oriented to the arts . '' The school is jointly administered by Miami-Dade County Public Schools , Miami Dade College , and the University of Florida . The administrative structure includes an executive board with representatives from each of the partners as well as community seats and a foundation board . The school awards an Associate of Arts degree from Miami Dade College , Bachelor of Fine Arts and Bachelor of Music degrees from the University of Florida , and a high school degree from the Miami Dade County schools . Admissions into the high school are through the Miami Dade Visual and Performing Arts Magnet Program , requiring an audition and/or portfolio ( see High School Admissions ) . New World High School is consistently in the top 100 best high schools as rated by US News & World Report . In 2009 , NWSA was 82nd in this ranking . Both the college and the high school are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6ee2a3177feb7918fd13d23450d54d8", "text": "The Scholars (band) The Scholars were an American band . Like the Nuckle Brothers , No Doubt and Reel Big Fish , they are one of the main founding bands of the Orange County ska scene . The Scholars ' lineup changed on a regular basis . Current and former members of Reel Big Fish Aaron Barrett ( Guitar/Vocals ) , Grant Barry ( Trombone ) and Scott Klopfenstein ( Trumpet/Vocals ) all played in The Scholars . Jay Layafette , a member of the now defunct O.C. ska band called The Forces of Evil , played trumpet for them in their very last days of playing shows . Their singer , Jesse Wilder , fronted a power pop group known as Teen Heroes , and also played Saxophone and Keyboard for The Scholars . He and Scott Klopfenstein later collaborated on a number of projects , including The Littlest Man Band and PAL with Scholars bassist Jake Berry and drummer Greg Parkin . Their only main release , an 8-song demo called I 'm In A Band , can be found on their anthology Last Great Record of The 20th Century on Vegas Records , along with numerous live songs and goofy pre-studio tracks they recorded with a tape deck in their drummer Greg 's garage . They were a hit at the local high school Los Alamitos High School , where they were also students . They opened and headlined shows with more unknown local acts such as Exit Smiling , Leonard 's Lunchbox , The Nuckle Brothers , The Goodwin Club , Suburban Rhythm and others . Scott , Jake , Jesse , and Greg later went on to form The Littlest Man Band along with Dan Regan of Reel Big Fish , and Suburban Legends singer Vince Walker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbe63bc3d3d5fe507b27c06a705ccf5a", "text": "Higbee High School Higbee High School is a public high school located in Higbee , Missouri , United States . The high school and junior high school have 107 students in grades seven through twelve . The school mascot is the tiger , with black and gold being the school colors . The small high school size prevents it from fielding a football team . The school offers boys baseball and girls softball in both fall and spring . Basketball is offered in the winter months . Boys and girls track and field are offered in the Spring .", "title": "" } ]
fever
97f873a2b4b85e96751c2bf43d5c8105
David Beckham is from America.
[ { "docid": "d8796d388a7800513a6f791fbe6dde3b", "text": "David Beckham David Robert Joseph Beckham , ( -LSB- ˈbɛkəm -RSB- born 2 May 1975 ) is an English former professional footballer . He played for Manchester United , Preston North End , Real Madrid , Milan , LA Galaxy , Paris Saint-Germain , and the England national team for which he held the appearance record for an outfield player until 2016 when Wayne Rooney surpassed his total . He is the first English player to win league titles in four countries : England , Spain , the United States and France . He announced his retirement in May 2013 after a 20-year career , during which he won 19 major trophies . Known for his range of passing , crossing ability and bending free-kicks as a right winger , Beckham was runner up in the Ballon d'Or , twice runner-up for FIFA World Player of the Year and in 2004 he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world 's greatest living players . He was inducted into the English Football Hall of Fame in 2008 . A global ambassador for the sport , Beckham is regarded as a British cultural icon . Beckham 's professional club career began with Manchester United , where he made his first-team debut in 1992 aged 17 . With United , he won the Premier League title six times , the FA Cup twice , and the UEFA Champions League in 1999 . He then played four seasons with Real Madrid , winning the La Liga championship in his final season with the club . In July 2007 Beckham signed a five-year contract with Major League Soccer club LA Galaxy . While a Galaxy player , he spent two loan spells in Italy with Milan in 2009 and 2010 . He was the first British footballer to play 100 UEFA Champions League games . In international football , Beckham made his England debut on 1 September 1996 at the age of 21 . He was captain for six years , earning 58 caps during his tenure . He made 115 career appearances in total , appearing at three FIFA World Cup tournaments , in 1998 , 2002 and 2006 , and two UEFA European Championship tournaments , in 2000 and 2004 . Beckham has consistently ranked among the highest earners in football , and in 2013 he was listed as the highest-paid player in the world , earning over $ 50 million in the previous 12 months . He has been married to Victoria Beckham since 1999 and they have four children . He has been a UNICEF UK ambassador since 2005 , and in 2015 he launched 7 : The David Beckham UNICEF Fund . In 2014 , MLS announced Beckham and a group of investors would own an expansion team in Miami , which would begin in 2016 or 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3", "text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7706353a69e60d9b59b3d0e2f7155ff8", "text": "List of sports rivalries A sports rivalry is intense competition between athletic teams or athletes . This pressure of competition is felt by players , coaches , and management , but is perhaps felt strongest by the fans . The intensity of the rivalry varies from a friendly competition on one end to serious violence on the other that , in one case ( the Football War ) , was suggested to have led to military conflicts . Owners typically encourage rivalries as they tend to improve game attendance and television ratings for rivalry matches , but a rivalry that gets out of control can lead to fighting , hooliganism , rioting and some , with career-ending or even fatal consequences . Rivalries stem from various sources . Simple geographic proximity as well as frequent meetings in important games can lead to rivalries . Games between two rivals of close geographical proximity are usually called a local derby , or simply just derby ( UK : -LSB- 'd ɑrbi -RSB- or US : -LSB- ˈdɜrbi -RSB- ) ; a sporting fixture between two teams from the same town , city or region , particularly in association football . The phrase most likely originated from The Derby , a horse race in England , founded by the 12th Earl of Derby in 1780 , since at least as early as 1840 ` derby ' has been used as a noun in English to denote any kind of sporting contest . In the United States , the term crosstown rivalry is more commonly encountered for this type of rivalry . The town of Derby was renowned as the site of a chaotic and exuberant game that involved the whole town and often resulted in fatalities . The goals were at Nuns Mill in the north and the Gallows Balk in the south of the town , and much of the action took place in the River Derwent or the Markeaton Brook . Nominally the players came from All Saints ' and St Peter 's parishes , but in practice the game was a free-for-all with as many as 1,000 players . A Frenchman who observed the match in 1829 wrote in horror , ` if Englishmen call this play , it would be impossible to say what they call fighting ' . The traditional Shrovetide football match is commonplace in the town of Ashbourne , Derbyshire . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef0073c33edbe03c5a1eb6de430d843", "text": "2012 World Football Challenge The 2012 World Football Challenge was the third World Football Challenge event , a series of friendly soccer matches played in the United States and Canada in July and August 2012 . The series opened on July 18 , 2012 . The opening match was between the Seattle Sounders of Major League Soccer ( MLS ) and Chelsea of the English Premier League , which Chelsea won 4 -- 2 . Real Madrid , who had won the equivalent tournament the previous year , were the only team to win all their matches in normal play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fba6625b3da1eea4d0c97de893243bad", "text": "MLS Cup 2002 MLS Cup 2002 , the seventh edition of Major League Soccer 's championship match , was played between the New England Revolution and the Los Angeles Galaxy to decide the champion of the 2002 season . The game was played at Gillette Stadium in Foxborough , Massachusetts on October 20 , 2002 . After being defeated in three previous finals , Los Angeles finally won their first championship beating New England 1-0 in the second overtime on a sudden-death goal . To date the crowd of 61,316 is the largest attendance of any MLS Cup . It is also the last MLS final to end with a golden goal . Lineups : New England Revolution : Adin Brown , Carlos Llamosa ( Rusty Pierce as substitute ) , Joe Franchino , Daouda Kante , Jay Heaps , Leo Cullen , Daniel Hernandez , Steve Ralston , Brian Kamler ( Winston Griffiths as sustitute ) , Taylor Twellman , Wolde Harris ( Alex Pineda Chacon as substitute ) Los Angeles Galaxy : Kevin Hartman , Alexi Lalas , Danny Califf , Tyrone Marshall , Ezra Hendrickson , Sasha Victorine , Mauricio Cienfuegos ( Peter Vagenas as sustitute ) , Simon Elliott , Cobi Jones , Alejandro Moreno ( Chris Albright as substitute ) , Carlos Ruíz Most Valuable Player : Carlos Ruíz ( Los Angeles Galaxy )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87144ebccba47bf77826c5081ec75f06", "text": "Fall River Marksmen Fall River Marksmen was an American soccer club , based in Fall River , Massachusetts . They originally played as Fall River United before becoming known as the Marksmen after their owner , Sam Mark . During the 1920s and early 1930s they were one of the most successful soccer clubs in the United States , winning the American Soccer League on six occasions . They also won the National Challenge Cup four times . In 1924 they won the first ASL / Challenge Cup double and were subsequently the American soccer champions three times in succession . Between 1928 and 1930 they won a further three titles in a row . In 1930 they completed a treble , winning the ASL title , the Challenge Cup and the Lewis Cup . The same year they also toured Central Europe . The Marksmen played their home games at Mark 's Stadium , one of the earliest examples of a soccer-specific stadium in the United States . In 1931 the franchise relocated and merged twice . They first moved to New York , where they merged with New York Soccer Club and became the New York Yankees . They actually won their fourth National Challenge Cup after they became the Yankees , but due to complications following the merger it was credited to the Marksmen . The Yankees later moved to New Bedford , Massachusetts where they merged with Fall River F.C. to become the New Bedford Whalers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5391ab2fc26e5b8a263e723441535f6", "text": "Heroes and Villains (football fanzine) Heroes and Villains is the title of a football fanzine written by and primarily aimed at fans of Aston Villa F.C. . It was launched in 1989 , and has been in regular print ever since , long surpassing 100 issues . It has been edited from the start by Dave Woodhall . Although of course primarily concerned directly with the fortunes of Aston Villa , occasionally other general football articles and humorous , nostalgic pieces are to be found amongst its pages . It was often critical of Doug Ellis who was the chairman of Aston Villa during the period 1982 to 2006 ( his second spell at the club ) . He was seen by many fans as being complacent and unambitious regarding the fortunes of the team . As with most fanzines , many articles contain much baiting of local rival football clubs and their fans , in this case chiefly Birmingham City F.C. and West Bromwich Albion F.C. However , a goodly part of the fanzine 's contents consist of contributors ' personal views on and memories of experiences derived from being a supporter of Aston Villa . Aston Villa 's richly varied history , particularly that of the last 25 years and within living memory of most contributors , consisting as it does of Villa 's League Championship and European Cup winning achievements of '81 and ' 82 , their mid '80s decline culminating in relegation in ' 87 , followed by a revival under Graham Taylor 's management which led to an unexpected league runners-up spot just 3 seasons later , provides much material . As does a further , also unexpected , runners up placing in ' 93 , league cup triumphs in '94 and ' 96 , and the generally solid but unspectacular performance of the team , up to the 2005-2006 season 's underachievements and the broad feeling of dissatisfaction with the way the club was being run . Something of a running joke in the fanzine concerns Villa 's underachievement in the FA Cup , the club having not won the competition since 1957 , with their only final appearance since then consisting of a dismal performance in losing 1-0 to the pre-Roman Abramovich Chelsea in 2000 . As the 3rd round of the competition - Villa 's usual entry point - approaches each season , many fans come to the agreement that this year is definitely `` our year for the cup ... '' For the start of the 2014-15 season , the fanzine phased out the paper publishing format of distribution , and is now available only to download to computers , mobile devices , and so on . The fanzine also spawned a website forum which remains very popular among Villa supporters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3134984c6362412499cb0318ac941c85", "text": "América Futebol Clube–Clube Atlético Mineiro rivalry The rivalry between América Futebol Clube and Clube Atlético Mineiro is a footballing rivalry played between Brazilian clubs América Mineiro and Atlético Mineiro , from Belo Horizonte . The clubs first played against each other in 1913 , and was for many decades considered the biggest encounter in Minas Gerais . With the fallback suffered by América due to initially refusing to become a professional club and the rise of Cruzeiro , it lost its status as the most important derby in the state , but the rivalry between América and Atlético continued .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc50f8c791b7a63beecaacb1313ed5d0", "text": "CONCACAF The Confederation of North , Central America and Caribbean Association Football ( CONCACAF , -LSB- ˈkɒn.kəkæf -RSB- ) is the continental governing body for association football in North America , that includes Central America and the Caribbean regions . Three South American entities -- the independent nations of Guyana and Suriname and the French department of French Guiana -- are also members . CONCACAF 's primary functions are to organize competitions for national teams and clubs , and to conduct Men 's World Cup and Women 's World Cup qualifying tournaments . CONCACAF was founded in its current form on 18 September 1961 in Mexico City , Mexico , with the merger of the NAFC and the CCCF , which made it one of the then five , now six continental confederations affiliated with FIFA . Canada , Costa Rica , Cuba , El Salvador , Guatemala , Haiti , Honduras , Mexico , Netherlands Antilles ( Curaçao ) , Nicaragua , Panama , Suriname and United States were founding members . CONCACAF is the third-most successful FIFA confederation . Mexico dominated CONCACAF men 's competition early on and has since won the most Gold Cups since the beginning of the tournament in its current format . The Mexican national team is the only CONCACAF team to win an official FIFA tournament by winning the 1999 FIFA Confederations Cup . They have also reached the Round of 16 for the past 6 World Cups . While the U.S. is the only country outside of Europe and South America to receive a medal in the World Cup , finishing third in 1930 , they also reached the 2002 World Cup quarterfinals and the 2009 Confederations Cup final . Between them , Mexico and the U.S. have won all but one of the editions of the CONCACAF Gold Cup . In recent years Costa Rica has become a power in the region and in 2014 became the 4th CONCACAF country after the United States , Cuba , and Mexico to make the World Cup quarterfinals . The United States has been very successful in the women 's game , being the only CONCACAF member to win all three major worldwide competitions in women 's football -- the World Cup ( 3 ) , the Olympics ( 4 ) , and the Algarve Cup ( 10 ) . Canada is the only other member to win at least one of the major competitions , winning the Algarve Cup in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d276003d33ae6d482b2f9d7db1dcbfc1", "text": "2016–17 CONCACAF Champions League The 2016 -- 17 CONCACAF Champions League ( officially the 2016 -- 17 Scotiabank CONCACAF Champions League for sponsorship reasons ) was the 9th edition of the CONCACAF Champions League under its current name , and overall the 52nd edition of the premier football club competition organized by CONCACAF , the regional governing body of North America , Central America , and the Caribbean . Pachuca won their fourth title , and their first since 2009 -- 10 , by defeating UANL 2 -- 1 on aggregate in the final . As the winner of the 2016 -- 17 CONCACAF Champions League , Pachuca qualified as the CONCACAF representative at the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup in the United Arab Emirates . América won the previous two tournaments , but did not qualify for this tournament and were unable to defend their title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b502f99f2ee6312d5aa3dd9d6cabd4d6", "text": "American football American football , referred to as football in the United States and Canada , and also known as `` gridiron football '' or simply `` gridiron '' , is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end . The offense , the team with control of the oval-shaped football , attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball , while the team without control of the ball , the defense , aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves . The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs , or plays , or else they turn over the football to the opposing team ; if they succeed , they are given a new set of four downs . Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team 's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent 's goalposts for a field goal . The team with the most points at the end of a game wins . American football evolved in the United States , originating from the sports of association football and rugby football . The first game of American football was played on November 6 , 1869 , between two college teams , Rutgers and Princeton , under rules based on the association football rules of the time . During the latter half of the 1870s , colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code , which allowed carrying the ball . A set of rule changes drawn up from 1880 onward by Walter Camp , the `` Father of American Football '' , established the snap , eleven-player teams , and the concept of downs ; later rule changes legalized the forward pass , created the neutral zone , and specified the size and shape of the football . American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States . Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game , with the other major levels being high school and youth football . , nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually , almost all of them men , with a few exceptions . The National Football League , the most popular American football league , has the highest average attendance of any professional sports league in the world ; its championship game , the Super Bowl , ranks among the most-watched club sporting events in the world , and the league has an annual revenue of around US$ 10 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b0328798297f94c934ed06fc52d530a", "text": "Portland Timbers–Seattle Sounders rivalry The Portland -- Seattle rivalry is a soccer rivalry between the Portland Timbers and Seattle Sounders FC soccer teams . The rivalry pre-dates the current teams in both cities , back to the North American Soccer League days , and has since grown into one of the largest and most bitter rivalries in American soccer . The rivalry has spanned across several leagues including the USL First Division , A-League , NASL , and Major League Soccer . According to many players , the Seattle -- Portland rivalry is one of the only true derbies that is present in American soccer . Alan Hinton , a former English international and ex-Sounders coach , has compared the rivalry to those seen in the English Premier League . It is considered to be one of the most intense rivalries in the United States . Seattle and Portland have had rivalries based on various sports teams . A heated rivalry surrounded the Portland Buckaroos and Seattle Totems of the minor-league Western Hockey League in the 1960s . Later , some fans supported the Thunderbirds or Winterhawks hockey teams . This rivalry `` naturally translated into soccer '' according to one fan . The two cities also had a rivalry between the SuperSonics and Trail Blazers of the NBA , known as the `` Battle of I-5 '' , since both cities intersect on the freeway Interstate 5 . The rivalry continued until the SuperSonics relocated to Oklahoma City in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3d4e3702f626de4f623a4a9d3c23167", "text": "1983–84 Manchester United F.C. season The 1983 -- 84 season was Manchester United 's 82nd season in the Football League , and their 9th consecutive season in the top division of English football . As FA Cup holders they suffered a shock exit at the hands of Third Division underdogs Bournemouth in the third round , but did reach the semi-finals of the European Cup Winners ' Cup and were narrowly defeated by Juventus . They frequently led the league during the season but eventually finish fourth , having been held to a draw in 14 out of 42 games despite losing just eight times . Perhaps the most memorable game of the season was the European Cup Winners ' Cup quarter-final clash with Barcelona of Spain , a side featuring Diego Maradona . After going 2 -- 0 down in the first leg , United achieved a remarkable 3 -- 0 win in the return leg at Old Trafford . It was the breakthrough season at the club for young striker Mark Hughes , who scored four times late in the season , and the final season at the club for midfielder Ray Wilkins who exited Old Trafford at the end of the campaign to sign for Milan . Captain Bryan Robson stayed at the club despite an attempt to sign him by Italian side Juventus . The close season saw the arrival of wingers Gordon Strachan and Jesper Olsen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acbc132b3fbff5def1e512dff97145ed", "text": "2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 . United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final . United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5353f606d0337f01ac9a20438bd02c77", "text": "2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup The 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup was the ninth edition of the Gold Cup , the football championship of North America , Central America and the Caribbean ( CONCACAF ) , and was won by the United States over Mexico . It was contested in the United States from 6 June to 24 June 2007 . This competition was the third tournament without guests from other confederations . As the winner , the United States represented CONCACAF at the 2009 FIFA Confederations Cup.Guadeloupe , an overseas department of France , is not a member of FIFA . Had they won the tournament , the runner-up would have taken their place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67b0e5f28044d0497a80b189f66b5412", "text": "2009 FIFA Club World Cup The 2009 FIFA Club World Cup ( officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2009 presented by Toyota for sponsorship reasons ) was a football tournament played from 9 December to 19 December 2009 . It was the sixth FIFA Club World Cup and was played in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates . Australia , Japan and Portugal also placed bids to host the tournament , but Portugal later withdrew from the process . The final was played on 19 December 2009 and was won by European champions Barcelona , who came from behind to defeat the South American entrants , Estudiantes , 2 -- 1 after extra time . Mauro Boselli put Estudiantes ahead in the 37th minute , but Pedro equalised with one minute left in normal time before Lionel Messi scored the winning goal five minutes into the second half of extra time . This made Barcelona the first Spanish side to win the FIFA Club World Cup , and it also meant that they had won a total of six competitions in the 2009 calendar year , beating Liverpool 's record five trophies won in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1108f0a6234581a3eb0332065a6ca422", "text": "Salomón Rondón José Salomón Rondón Giménez ( born 16 September 1989 ) is a Venezuelan professional footballer who plays for English club West Bromwich Albion as a striker . After starting out at Aragua , he went on to spend most of his career in Spain , appearing in La Liga with Málaga , and Russia , winning the 2015 national championship with Zenit . A Venezuelan international since 2008 , Rondón represented his country in three Copa América tournaments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6f4ee90dea8ae212bf022f6d8a0257a", "text": "1999–2000 FA Cup The 1999 -- 2000 FA Cup was the 119th staging of the world 's oldest cup competition , the Football Association Cup or FA Cup . Both the semi-finals and final of the competition were played at Wembley Stadium for the last time before reconstruction work began . The competition culminated with the FA Cup Final between Chelsea and Aston Villa . The game was won by a goal from Chelsea 's Roberto Di Matteo , giving them a 1-0 victory . The previous season 's winners , Manchester United , withdrew from the 1999 -- 2000 competition due to their participation in the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship in South America , to take place in early 2000 , thus becoming the first FA Cup winners not to defend their title . Despite this being at the request of the Football Association ( FA ) , they received criticism from journalists and television pundits . To keep the competition running smoothly , the FA chose to draw one team from among those lower-division teams defeated in the second round to progress as `` lucky losers '' to the third . Darlington were the team drawn . The main competition started in November 1999 for clubs from the Football League and Premiership . For details on the preliminary and qualifying rounds of the FA Cup see FA Cup Archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03b5c316cea3bf80f6e7def0db8c7445", "text": "John Beck (politician) John Beck was a political candidate in Toronto , Ontario , Canada . Beck was a Reform Party candidate in the 1993 federal election , but was forced to abandon his candidacy after making a series of racially insensitive remarks . Beck was an heir to the Beck Taxi family , but received only a grade 9 education . He worked as a taxi driver , but was barred from operating in Toronto by the Metro Licensing Commission . He responded to an advertisement asking for Reform candidates , and won the nomination in York Centre , in North York . There was little support for the Reform Party in the area , and there were few candidates willing to run . Beck was given little scrutiny when he applied . In an interview with the York University student newspaper , he expressed particularly strong views regarding immigrants and Natives . Among them : `` You have a $ 150,000 guy there coming to buy a citizenship into Canada to create a job , fine , he 's bringing something to Canada . But what is he bringing ? Death and destruction to the people . '' `` We came here and took their ( Natives ' ) land from them . I feel that 's what ( immigrants ) are doing to us ... they will overpower us . '' `` Look at the Natives , they 're very messed up . That 's what 's happening to us . We 're all being hooked on booze and drugs and we 're going to end up just like the Indians . '' He later reiterated his comments in an interview with the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation , saying `` I feel if an immigrant comes into Canada and gets a job for $ 150,000 , he is taking jobs away from us , the gentile people . '' In another interview with the Financial Post , Beck said that `` I feel it 's time some white Anglo-Saxons get involved '' in politics and told another paper that `` it seems to be predominantly Jewish people who are running this country . '' Angry York students confronted Reform leader Preston Manning at a campus speech and demanded a response . Manning was quick to distance himself from Beck , calling his statements inconsistent with Reform policy . The same day , however , word spread that the interview was taped . Within an hour , the party asked Beck to abandon his candidacy , which he did . `` They think I 'm nuts , but I 've had no breakdown . They asked me to resign , so I resigned , '' Beck told reporters the next day . It was too late to remove Beck 's name from the ballot , however , and he ended up placing fourth in the election , with 2,141 votes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80387cd03bb54a876958aa4b65ff66b3", "text": "History of the New England Patriots The history of the New England Patriots began when Boston business executive William `` Billy '' Sullivan and Sullivan Brother Printers , owned by Joseph Sullivan , were awarded the eighth and final franchise of the developing American Football League ( AFL ) on November 16 , 1959 . The following winter , locals submitted thousands of ideas for the Boston football team 's official name . On February 20 , 1960 , Sullivan chose `` Boston Patriots '' , which was suggested by 74 fans , among them Larry Kepnes . Immediately thereafter , artist Phil Bissell developed the `` Pat Patriot '' logo . The Patriots ' time in the AFL saw them without a regular home stadium . Nickerson Field , Harvard Stadium , Fenway Park , and Alumni Stadium , all in or near Boston , served as home fields during their time in the American Football League . Early Patriots stars included defensive tackles Jim Lee `` Earthquake '' Hunt and Houston Antwine ; quarterback Vito `` Babe '' Parilli ; and flanker-placekicker Gino `` The Duke '' Cappelletti . Hunt , Parilli and Cappelletti played every year of the existence of the AFL , with Hunt and Cappelletti spending all ten years with the Patriots . Cappelletti was the all-time leading scorer in the AFL . Later the Patriots were joined by such stars as defensive end Larry Eisenhauer , fullback Jim Nance , and middle linebacker and future Hall of Famer Nick Buoniconti . Cappelletti and Nance were AFL Most Valuable Players , Cappelletti in 1964 and Nance in 1966 . Buoniconti and Antwine were later named to the American Football League All-Time Team . The Boston Patriots defeated the Buffalo Bills in an AFL Eastern Division playoff game in 1963 , and played in the 1963 AFL championship game , losing to the San Diego Chargers 51 -- 10 . Although they would not appear again in an AFL or NFL post-season game for another 13 years , in the AFL , the Patriots often challenged the dominant Bills for the Eastern Division title . When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970 , the Patriots were placed in the AFC East division , where they still play today . The following year , the Patriots moved to a new stadium in Foxborough , Massachusetts , a suburb of Boston , which would serve as their home for 30 years ; the team also changed their name to the New England Patriots to reflect the location change , as well as its following throughout the region as its only NFL team ( though both New York City teams have substantial followings in parts of Connecticut as well ) . During the 1970s , the Patriots had some success , earning a berth to the playoffs in 1976 -- as a wild card-berth -- and in 1978 -- as AFC East champions . They would lose both games . In 1985 , they returned to the playoffs , and made it all the way to Super Bowl XX , which they lost against the Chicago Bears 46 -- 10 . Following their Super Bowl loss , they returned to the playoffs in 1986 , but lost in the first round . The team would not make the playoffs again for eight more years . They changed ownership several times in that period , being purchased from the Sullivan family first by Victor Kiam in 1988 , who sold the team to James Orthwein in 1992 . Orthwein intended to move the team to his native St. Louis , Missouri , but sold the team two years later to current owner , local businessman Robert Kraft in 1994 . Though Orthwein 's period as owner was short and controversial , he did oversee major changes to the team . Former New York Giants coach Bill Parcells was hired in 1993 , and the drastic changes were made the same year to the Patriots uniforms , changing their primary colors from their traditional red and white to blue and silver , and introducing a new logo . Parcells would bring the Patriots to two playoff appearances , including Super Bowl XXXI , which they lost to the Green Bay Packers by a score of 35 -- 21 . Pete Carroll , Parcells ' successor , would also take the team to the playoffs twice . Bill Belichick , current head coach , was hired in 2000 , and a new home field , Gillette Stadium was opened in 2002 . Under Belichick , the team won three Super Bowls in four years , and finished the 2007 regular season with a perfect 16 -- 0 record , becoming only the fourth team in league history to go undefeated , and the only one since the league expanded its regular season schedule to 16 games ; however , they ended that season with an 18-1 record after their loss to the New York Giants in Super Bowl XLII . The Patriots have made the playoffs in 12 of the 15 seasons that Belichick has been coach , missing them only in 2000 ( his first season ) , 2002 , and 2008 . They later faced the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX on February 1 , 2015 , and won by a score of 28-24 . The Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34-28 in Super Bowl LI at NRG Stadium .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7fd33bdb4ab31662c89265ac845a2a36
Sherlock is a single episode.
[ { "docid": "e5b7a242e961764602adbb4ccffab85a", "text": "Sherlock (TV series) Sherlock is a crime drama television series based on Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 's Sherlock Holmes detective stories . Created by Steven Moffat and Mark Gatiss , it stars Benedict Cumberbatch as Sherlock Holmes and Martin Freeman as Doctor John Watson . Thirteen episodes have been produced , with three-part series airing from 2010 -- 2017 , and a special episode airing on 1 January 2016 . The series is set in the present day , while the one-off special features a Victorian period fantasy resembling the original Holmes stories . Sherlock is a co-production of the British network BBC and the American station WGBH Boston for its Masterpiece anthology series on PBS , along with Hartswood Films , with Moffat , Gatiss , Sue Vertue and Rebecca Eaton serving as executive producers . The series is primarily filmed in Cardiff , Wales , with North Gower Street in London used for exterior shots of Holmes and Watson 's 221B Baker Street residence . Critical reception has been highly positive , with many reviews praising the quality of the writing , performances , and direction . Sherlock has been nominated for numerous awards including BAFTAs , Emmys , and a Golden Globe , winning several awards across a variety of categories . The show won in three categories at the 66th Primetime Emmy Awards including Outstanding Writing for a Miniseries , Movie or a Dramatic Special for Moffat , Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Cumberbatch , and Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for Freeman . Two years later , it won Outstanding Television Movie . In addition , the show was also honoured with a Peabody Award in 2011 . The third series has become the UK 's most watched drama series since 2001 while interest in the fourth series appeared to slip by approximately twenty percent . Sherlock has been sold to 180 territories . All of the series have been released on DVD and Blu-ray , alongside tie-in editions of selected original Conan Doyle stories and original soundtrack composed by David Arnold and Michael Price . In January 2014 , the show launched its official mobile app called Sherlock : The Network .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b4bb227e0df2c0fdb24b9f4a09c2f4d9", "text": "List of The Mysteries of Laura episodes The Mysteries of Laura is an American police procedural comedy-drama television series developed by Jeff Rake and executive-produced Greg Berlanti and McG . The series premiered on September 17 , 2014 , on NBC . The Mysteries of Laura stars Debra Messing in the lead role of Detective Laura Diamond , a New York City homicide detective who balances her day job with off-duty hours as a single mother of two unruly sons . On May 8 , 2015 , The Mysteries of Laura was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes , which premiered on September 23 , 2015 . On November 9 , 2015 , NBC ordered three additional episodes for the second season . On May 14 , 2016 , NBC canceled the show after two seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d3d222f163896e54a7a36e82ed08964", "text": "Reputation (Lewis episode) `` Reputation '' is the pilot episode of the British television detective mystery show Lewis produced for ITV . It was first broadcast on 29 January 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01af2e505008f232f3abfa733919d10e", "text": "The Adventure of the Illustrious Client `` The Adventure of the Illustrious Client '' ( 1924 ) , one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , is one of 12 stories in the cycle collected as The Case Book of Sherlock Holmes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16d336f7c781b4d7ad73b77a9f08611c", "text": "The Newly Discovered Casebook of Sherlock Holmes The Newly Discovered Casebook of Sherlock Holmes was a BBC Radio 2 comedy series written by Tony Hare . It starred Roy Hudd , Chris Emmett , Jeffrey Holland , and June Whitfield , and was broadcast between 16 January 1999 , to 20 February 1999 . It has since been re-broadcast on BBC Radio 4 Extra ( formerly called BBC Radio 7 ) . The burlesque series was a comic pastiche of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle 's fictional detective Sherlock Holmes . The series was recorded in front of a live audience and each 30 minute episode was broadcast on BBC Radio 2 at 1pm , making some of the rude , and occasionally crude , jokes rather risqué for the time of day . Hudd , Emmett , and Whitfield had all worked together on the very long-running radio series The News Huddlines . Holland is a familiar voice in British comedy series , probably best known for his role as Spike Dixon , the camp comic at Maplin 's holiday camp , Crimpton-on-Sea , in the BBC sitcom Hi-de-Hi ! Hudd later appeared alongside Clive Merrison as Holmes , and Andrew Sachs as Doctor Watson in an original radio play in the series The Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ca08c07666069519ce3f6bdc17428b9", "text": "Mad Dogs (U.S. TV series) Mad Dogs is a dark-comic thriller television series available for viewing on Amazon 's Amazon Prime subscription service . It is a partial remake of the British show , also named Mad Dogs , that aired from 2011 to 2013 . The show 's first season consisted of 10 episodes , expanding on the British version 's first season 's four hours of content . It began airing on January 22 , 2016 in the U.S. , U.K. , and Germany , with an early release of the show available in December 2015 . The plot is a `` cocktail of testosterone and bad decision-making '' , focused on the angst of a group of 40-something underachieving American men who become caught in a `` vacation from hell '' . The cast is a unique blend of film actors with mostly episodic television credits to their name , including Billy Zane as a man wealthy from underworld connections who invites his friends for a stay in Belize , Michael Imperioli as an irresponsible but good-hearted former traveling musician , Romany Malco as a family man , and Ben Chaplin ( who starred in the Zane role in the UK version of the show ) as an embittered teacher . The show 's few women actors , including Allison Tolman and María Botto ( reprising her role from the UK series ) , provide contrast to the male leads . Showrunner Cris Cole adapted the show from his own drama in the UK . It was originally under development at the FX network . Cole noted that because the American version is 10 hours to the British version 's first season 's four hours , the last six hours of the American version are `` virgin territory '' and have no comparative to the original . Rights to air the show were sold by Sony Pictures Television for more than 140 countries prior to the initial Amazon airing . In late February 2016 , Amazon announced that it had opted not to renew the series . Although the original intention had been for the show to be a 10 episode limited series , Amazon and the show leadership had broached the idea of a potential second season . During filming of scenes of the pilot episode in Puerto Rico , actor Steve Zahn contracted dengue fever .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c3faeaa5b748df2c2d1bb1bb042f573", "text": "The Moriarty Murder Mystery The Moriarty Murder Mystery is an episode of The Goon Show . It was first broadcast on 20 January 1958 . This episode was written by Larry Stephens and Maurice Wiltshire , and is one of only six with no script credit for Spike Milligan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "528d67e51cf967aee2e03c09773bf464", "text": "A. J. Raffles (character) Arthur J. Raffles is a character created in the 1890s by E. W. Hornung , brother-in-law to Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , the creator of Sherlock Holmes . Raffles is , in many ways , a deliberate inversion of Holmeshe is a `` gentleman thief '' , living at the Albany , a prestigious address in London , playing cricket for the Gentlemen of England and supporting himself by carrying out ingenious burglaries . He is called the `` Amateur Cracksman '' , and often , at first , differentiates between himself and the `` professors `` professional criminals from the lower classes . As Holmes has Dr. Watson to chronicle his adventures , Raffles has Harry `` Bunny '' Mandersa former schoolmate saved from disgrace and suicide by Raffles , whom Raffles persuaded to accompany him on a burglary . While Raffles often takes advantage of Manders ' relative innocence , and sometimes treats him with a certain amount of contempt , he knows that Manders ' bravery and loyalty are to be relied on utterly . In several stories , Manders saves the day for the two of them after Raffles gets into situations he can not get out of on his own . One of the things that Raffles has in common with Holmes is a mastery of disguiseduring his days as an ostensible man-about-town , he maintains a studio apartment in another name in which he keeps the components of various disguises . He can imitate the regional speech of many parts of Britain flawlessly , and is fluent in Italian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e309983e302b9743a0e8ff6db3ca6c2", "text": "A Canine Sherlock Holmes A Canine Sherlock Holmes is a lost 1912 English silent short film crime drama directed by Stuart Kinder and produced and released by Charles Urban Trading Company . The film starred a canine film actor called Spot , the Urbanora dog .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3741b65b999c16bf480750ea1b6d26b", "text": "Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone . Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "355f0ba2443269ec28a30cdc78b695e2", "text": "The Adventure of Silver Blaze `` Silver Blaze '' , one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , is one of 12 in the cycle collected as The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes . Doyle ranked `` Silver Blaze '' 13th in a list of his 19 favourite Sherlock Holmes stories . One of the most popular Sherlock Holmes short stories , `` Silver Blaze '' focuses on the disappearance of the eponymous race horse ( a famous winner ) on the eve of an important race and on the apparent murder of its trainer . The tale is distinguished by its atmospheric Dartmoor setting and late-Victorian sporting milieu . It also features some of Conan Doyle 's most effective plotting , hinging on the `` curious incident of the dog in the night-time : '' Gregory ( Scotland Yard detective ) : `` Is there any other point to which you would wish to draw my attention ? '' Holmes : `` To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time . '' Gregory : `` The dog did nothing in the night-time . '' Holmes : `` That was the curious incident . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9cca49cdd4c9290fac1b9af3243c110", "text": "Dalziel and Pascoe (TV series) Dalziel and Pascoe is a popular British television crime drama based on the novels of the same name , written by Reginald Hill . The series was first broadcast on 16 March 1996 , with Warren Clarke being cast as Dalziel ( pronounced `` dee-ell '' ) and Colin Buchanan being cast as Pascoe . The series is primarily set in the fictional town of Wetherton in Yorkshire , and `` follows the work of two detectives that are thrown together as partners . Complete opposites . Different backgrounds , different beliefs , different styles . They get on each other 's nerves . They are continually embarrassed by each other . But their differences make them a stunningly brilliant crime-solving team . '' The first three series were entirely based on Hill 's novels , as were the first two episodes of series four . However , all subsequent stories , with the exception of `` Dialogues of the Dead '' , are stories written exclusively for television , and have not appeared as subsequent novels . The series was produced by BBC Birmingham , and broadcast on BBC One until 22 June 2007 , running for a total of eleven series . The series was axed in 2008 , citing falling viewing figures as the main reason . It was one of a number of dramas axed in a mass cull by new station controller Peter Fincham .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1663103abc0e3a4c89e78e55c90be52", "text": "A Case of Identity `` A Case of Identity '' is one of the 56 short Sherlock Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and is the third story in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57b394d351e82bfc063f436f13a47d58", "text": "William Gillette, America's Sherlock Holmes William Gillette , America 's Sherlock Holmes , by Henry Zecher , is the first full and in-depth biography of William Hooker Gillette ( 1853 -- 1937 ) , the American actor , playwright and stage-manager of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries who is best remembered today for portraying Sherlock Holmes . Gillette was among the first American playwrights to offer tightly-knit and well-constructed plays , Bronson Howard , Steele MacKaye and James Herne being the others , but his most significant contributions to the theater were in devising realistic stage settings and special sound and lighting effects , and , as an actor , in putting forth what he called The Illusion of the First Time . His portrayal of Holmes helped create the modern image of the detective . His use of the deerstalker cap ( which first appeared in some Strand Magazine illustrations by Sidney Paget ) and the curved pipe became synonymous with the character . And it was in his play , not in Arthur Conan Doyle 's stories , that Holmes first said `` This is elementary , my dear fellow , '' which subsequently became `` Elementary , my dear Watson '' . Gillette assumed the role onstage more than 1,300 times over thirty years , starred in a silent motion picture based on his Holmes play , and voiced the character twice on radio . The author is a graduate of the University of Maryland School of Journalism , Class of 1971 . He was an award-winning sports writer and sports editor of the Delaware State News in Dover , Delaware , before embarking on a career in Federal government human resources . He has worked as a free-lance writer for many years and published a number of magazine articles , two of them of historical importance . One was an evaluation of German Reformer Martin Luther 's impact on the English Bible , and the other was the first analysis from a biblical and historical point of view of the Ipuwer Papyrus , first claimed by Immanuel Velikovsky and subsequently by others to have been an Egyptian version of the plagues on Egypt described in the Old Testament Book of Exodus . This is Zecher 's first book . It contains 585 pages of text and is profusely illustrated with more than ninety images , nearly all of them containing two to four and , in two cases , six individual photographs . It contains a bibliography of Gillette 's writings , a list of his plays subsequently made into motion pictures , a list of his patents , a list of audio/visual recordings of his voice , and 97 pages of Endnotes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06b4265732cdd12a076fb7b73865e784", "text": "Sherlock Holmes: The Way of All Flesh Sherlock Holmes ~ The Way of All Flesh is a novella written by Daniel Ward . It is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche , first published by Classic Mysteries , a small press dedicated to new mystery writers , in 2004 . It was published again a year later by the Linford Mystery Series , an imprint of Ulverscroft . In September 2010 , the novel was made available to download on Kindle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20be21654acba864f45d9c50837b37fe", "text": "Mr. Monk and the Candidate `` Mr. Monk and the Candidate '' is the two-part pilot episode of the American comedy-drama detective television series Monk . It introduces the character of Adrian Monk ( Tony Shalhoub ) , a private detective with obsessive -- compulsive disorder and multiple phobias , and his assistant Sharona Fleming ( Bitty Schram ) , as well as police officers Leland Stottlemeyer ( Ted Levine ) and Randy Disher ( Jason Gray-Stanford ) . In this episode , Monk investigates an assassination attempt on a mayoral candidate . First envisioned in 1998 , Monk went through development hell due to difficulties to find an actor to the main role . After successfully casting Shalhoub , the series ' first episode was shot in Vancouver , British Columbia in 2001 . `` Mr. Monk and the Candidate '' was written by Andy Breckman and directed by Dean Parisot . When the episode first aired in the United States on the USA Network on July 12 , 2002 , it was watched by 4.8 million viewers . The episode was generally well received by critics , with most of the praise regarding Shalhoub 's performance as the title character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a811888a7c431f8479828e48a86816f", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Comedy Series . This award and Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Drama Series replaced Outstanding Single-Camera Picture Editing for a Series in 2003 . As of 2015 , no show has won this award more than once except for The Office , which has won twice ( 2007 and 2013 ) . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold and bold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place : __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a66f8eefd9d209c70eed01eddf852c3", "text": "The Baker Street Boys The Baker Street Boys is a British television series made by the BBC and first shown in 1983 . The series recounts the adventures of a gang of street urchins living in Victorian London who assist the legendary detective Sherlock Holmes in solving crimes and find themselves tackling cases of their own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e721f22d480367b47760e1003b404cbf", "text": "Pilot (Bones) `` Pilot '' is the first episode of the television series Bones , which premiered on the FOX network on September 13 , 2005 . It is written by series creator Hart Hanson and directed by Greg Yaitanes . It introduces the two main characters of the series , Dr. Temperance Brennan ( played by Emily Deschanel ) and FBI Special Agent Seeley Booth ( played by David Boreanaz ) , and their partnership in solving cases involving unidentified human remains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06e652f724e59fc2257f23d746d8453c", "text": "The Singing Detective The Singing Detective is a BBC television serial drama , written by Dennis Potter , which stars Michael Gambon and was directed by Jon Amiel . The six episodes were `` Skin '' , `` Heat '' , `` Lovely Days '' , `` Clues '' , `` Pitter Patter '' and `` Who Done It '' . The serial was broadcast in the United Kingdom on BBC1 in 1986 on Sunday nights from 16 November to 21 December with later PBS and cable television showings in the United States . It won a Peabody Award in 1989 . It ranks 20th on the British Film Institute 's list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes , as voted by industry professionals in 2000 . It was included in the 1992 Dennis Potter retrospective at the Museum of Television & Radio and became a permanent addition to the Museum 's collections in New York and Los Angeles . There was co-production funding from the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . It was released on DVD in the US on 15 April 2003 and in the UK on 8 March 2004 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
2b0e756c8b543538ad25ef34b3d0814d
William Hanna worked in the entertainment industry.
[ { "docid": "0e5205aab3c0ab7824b64939249c8304", "text": "William Hanna William Denby `` Bill '' Hanna ( July 14 , 1910 -- March 22 , 2001 ) was an American animator , director , producer , voice actor , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century . After working odd jobs in the first months of the Depression , Hanna joined the Harman and Ising animation studio in 1930 . During the 1930s , Hanna steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such as Captain and the Kids . In 1937 , while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Hanna met Joseph Barbera . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , The Huckleberry Hound Show , The Jetsons , Scooby-Doo , The Smurfs , and Yogi Bear . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoons have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in their 1960s heyday , and have been translated into more than 28 languages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbf121313b73ca4cdf92d368dc57bc98", "text": "Time Warner Time Warner Inc. is an American multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate headquartered in New York City . It is currently the world 's third largest entertainment company in terms of revenue , after Comcast and The Walt Disney Company . It was also once the world 's largest media conglomerate . Time Warner was first founded in 1990 , with the merger of Time Inc. and Warner Communications . The current company consists largely of the assets of the former Warner Communications ( as well as HBO , a Time Inc. subsidiary prior to the merger ) , and the assets of Turner Broadcasting ( which was acquired by the company in 1996 ) . Time Warner currently has major operations in film and television , with a limited amount in publishing operations . Among its most popular assets are HBO , Turner Broadcasting System , The CW , Warner Bros. , CNN , DC Comics , and as of August 2016 , Hulu , owning 10 % . In the past , other major divisions of Time Warner included Time Inc. , AOL , Time Warner Cable , Warner Books and Warner Music Group . All of these operations were either sold to other investors or spun off as independent companies from 2004 to 2014 . On October 22 , 2016 , AT&T announced its intent to acquire Time Warner for $ 108.7 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f60167cbf9126dd1f58b6dee2df894ae", "text": "Joseph Barbera Joseph Roland `` Joe '' Barbera ( -LSB- bɑrˈbɛrə -RSB- or -LSB- ˈbɑrbərə -RSB- ; -LSB- barˈbɛːra -RSB- ; March 24 , 1911 -- December 18 , 2006 ) was an American animator , director , producer , storyboard artist , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of fans worldwide for much of the 20th century . Through his young adult years , Barbera lived , attended college , and began his career in New York City . After working odd jobs and as a banker , Barbera joined Van Beuren Studios in 1932 and subsequently Terrytoons in 1936 . In 1937 , he moved to California and while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Barbera met William Hanna . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , after MGM dissolved their animation department , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , Yogi Bear , Scooby-Doo , Top Cat , The Smurfs , Huckleberry Hound and The Jetsons . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner , owners of Warner Bros. , in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoon shows have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in the 1960s and have been translated into more than 20 languages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64f37a5edaaac5763255fc5bfc8fbbbb", "text": "Hanna–Barbera Hanna-Barbera Productions , Inc. ( simply known as Hanna-Barbera and also referred to as H-B Enterprises , H-B Production Company and Hanna-Barbera Cartoons , Inc. ) was an American animation studio that dominated American television animation for over three decades in the mid 20th century . It was founded in 1957 by former Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer animation directors William Hanna and Joseph Barbera ( creators of Tom and Jerry ) and live-action director George Sidney in partnership with Screen Gems , a TV unit of Columbia Pictures . In late 1966 , it was sold to Taft Broadcasting and spent two decades as its subsidiary . It is officially considered the very first major animation studio to successfully produce cartoons exclusively for television . Hanna-Barbera is known for creating a wide variety of popular animated characters and for 30 years , the studio produced a succession of hit cartoon shows , including The Flintstones , Yogi Bear , The Jetsons , Wacky Races , Scooby-Doo and The Smurfs . For their achievements , Hanna and Barbera together won seven Academy Awards , eight Emmy Awards , a Governors Award , a Golden Globe Award and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . The pair was also inducted into the Television Academy Hall of Fame in 1993 . Both the two men and their company had yielded more than over 3,500 half-hours of animated programming and a slew of television movies , specials , theatrical films , public service announcements , shorts , direct-to-video features and commercials were also produced by the studio . Many of Hanna-Barbera 's cartoons were distributed and seen internationally worldwide in over 175 countries in 45 languages around the world . Hanna-Barbera 's fortunes declined in the mid-1980s when the profitability of Saturday morning cartoons was eclipsed by weekday afternoon syndication . In late 1991 , the studio was purchased from Taft ( by then named Great American Broadcasting ) by Turner Broadcasting System , who used much of its back catalog to program its new channel , Cartoon Network . After Turner purchased the company , Hanna and Barbera continued to serve as creative consultants and mentors . Turner merged with Time Warner in 1996 and the studio became a subsidiary of Warner Bros. . Animation , in which Hanna-Barbera would absorb into before Hanna died in 2001 . Cartoon Network Studios continued the projects for the channel 's output . Barbera went on to work for Warner Bros. . Animation until his death in 2006 . As of 2017 , the studio exists as an in-name-only unit used to market properties and productions associated with the Hanna-Barbera library , specifically its `` classic '' works . In 2005 , the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences honored Hanna and Barbera with a wall sculpture of themselves and their characters at the Television Academy 's Hall of Fame Plaza .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a5bbd3fa7ca82f2987f36baaf2300c4d", "text": "Shamus Culhane James `` Shamus '' Culhane ( November 12 , 1908 -- February 2 , 1996 ) was an American animator , film director , and film producer . Culhane worked for a number of American animation studios , including Fleischer Studios , the Ub Iwerks studio , Walt Disney Productions , and the Walter Lantz studio . He began his animation career in 1925 working for J.R. Bray studios , and is known for promoting the animation talents of his inker/assistant at the Fleischer Studios in the early 1930s , Lillian Friedman Astor , making her the first female studio animator . While at the Disney studio , he discovered while working on Hawaiian Holiday '' 's crab sequence an animation method that involved stewing for multiple days , before drawing the entire thing in rough sketches all at once , straight ahead . He was a lead animator on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs , animating arguably the most well-known sequence in the film , the animation of the dwarves marching home singing `` Heigh-Ho '' . The scene took Culhane and his assistants six months to complete . During this time he developed his `` High-speed '' technique of animating with quick dashed-off sketches . He also worked as an animator on Pinocchio , where he worked on Honest John and Gideon . However , he was left uncredited on the film . During the production of the film he left Disney to work at Fleischer Studios . While there , he worked as an animator on the films Gulliver 's Travels and Mr. Bug Goes to Town . In 1944 , he collaborated on The Greatest Man in Siam with the layout artist Art Heinemann . In that animation , `` the king of Siam bolts past doorways that are distinctly phallic in shape and peers at another that mimics a vagina . '' Later in his career , Culhane worked briefly in Chuck Jones 's unit at Warner Bros , before moving on to being a director for Lantz , where he helmed Woody Woodpecker 's 1944 classic , The Barber of Seville , the cartoon famous for one of the first uses of fast cutting , after taking the idea from Sergei Eisenstein . At Lantz , he introduced Russian avant-garde influenced experimental art into the cartoons . In the late-1940s , he founded Shamus Culhane Productions ( Culhane had gone by his birthname of James up until this point , before going by its Irish variant Shamus ) , one of the first companies to create animated television commercials . It also produced the animation for at least one of the Bell Telephone Science Series films . Shamus Culhane Productions folded in the 1960s , at which point Culhane became the head of the successor to Fleischer Studios , Paramount Cartoon Studios . He left the studio in 1967 , and went into semi-retirement . Culhane wrote two highly regarded books on animation : the how-to/textbook Animation from Script to Screen , and his autobiography Talking Animals and Other People '' . Since Culhane worked for a number of major Hollywood animation studios , his autobiography gives a balanced general overview of the history of the Golden Age of American Animation . At his death on February 2 , 1996 , Culhane was survived by his fourth wife , the former Juana Hegarty , and by two sons from his third marriage , to Maxine Marx ( the daughter of Chico Marx ) : Brian Culhane of Seattle and Kevin Marx Culhane of Portland , Ore. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b844bec44aeabc6995140ef255427985", "text": "Warner Bros. Studio Store The Warner Bros. . Studio Store was a chain of retail stores selling Looney Tunes and other merchandise based on Warner Bros. films , similar in style to The Disney Store . They first opened in 1991 . In 1996 , Warner Bros. owner Time Warner merged with Turner Broadcasting , which owned Hanna-Barbera and the pre-1986 MGM library , and merchandise based on Turner properties were added to the product lines . In 2001 , all Warner Bros. . Studio Stores went out of business . In 2006 , Warner Bros. . Consumer Products partnered with PMW Retail and reopened the stores in China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "330a2abe49bd2796c7f23dd7e4ec1eda", "text": "Hanna – Folge deinem Herzen Hanna -- Folge deinem Herzen is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670", "text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ed0444a29bb1522613b611efe032f3f", "text": "Chad Hanna Chad Hanna is a 1940 Technicolor film directed by Henry King , and was adapted from a bestseller of sorts that was published that same year . The novel was written by Walter Dumaux Edmonds ( after it had first been published in serial form in the Saturday Evening Post under the title `` Red Wheels Rolling '' ) . It stars Henry Fonda , Linda Darnell and Dorothy Lamour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22", "text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbe72b9a13ebd1e09ca3e905491b72d2", "text": "Hanna Theatre The Hanna Theatre is a theater at Playhouse Square in downtown Cleveland , Ohio , United States . It is one of the original five venues built in the district , opening on March 28 , 1921 . The Hanna Theatre reopened in 2008 as the new home of Great Lakes Theater Festival after a major renovation by the classic theater company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e3b0b0b6083c4f2c8a79ca24a196250", "text": "Greg Hanna Greg Hanna ( born in Finch , Ontario , Canada ) is a male Canadian country music singer . Signing with his own independent label in 1995 , Hanna charted several singles on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada , including the top ten hit `` Ai n't No Justice '' from 1997 , but his debut album was never issued . In 2005 , Hanna appeared on the third season of Nashville Star , but dropped out after receiving an offer to work with producer Chris Farren . In 2007 , Hanna toured Canada as the opening act for Canadian country band Emerson Drive 's Countrified Tour . Hanna 's debut self-titled album was issued in October 2009 in the United States and Canada on his own USA record label imprint , Pheromone Records LLC ; with MegaForce Records and Sony . From his debut CD in the USA and Canada came the releases `` It 's a Man 's Job , '' `` What Kind of Love Are You On '' and `` Makin ' Love Real . '' Their supporting music videos which earned Hanna exposure on television networks such as CMT , GAC and TCN . In 2010 , Hanna signed with the Paradigm agency for representation and booked his first major USA tour as opening act on the American Ride Tour for Toby Keith and Trace Adkins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "968cdad9491cb589a675d0fbe7c52e7c", "text": "Bill Littlejohn William Charles `` Bill '' Littlejohn ( January 27 , 1914 -- September 17 , 2010 ) was an American animator and union organizer . Littlejohn worked on both animated shorts and features from the 1930s through to the 1990s . His notable works include the Tom and Jerry shorts , the Peanuts television specials , the Oscar-winning short , `` The Hole '' ( 1962 ) , and the Oscar-nominated `` A Doonesbury Special '' ( 1977 ) . He has been inducted into the Cartoon Hall of Fame and received the Winsor McCay Award and lifetime achievement awards from the Annie Awards and the UCLA Film and Television Archive . Director Michael Sporn has called Littlejohn `` an animation ` God ' . '' Littlejohn was also co-founded and served as the first president of the Screen Cartoonists Guild Local # 852 in 1938 . He led the effort to gain recognition for the union at the major Hollywood animation studios . When Walt Disney refused to negotiate with the union and fired 16 pro-union artists , Littlejohn led the union in the 1941 Disney animators strike . The strike lasted nine weeks and resulted in Disney 's recognition of the union , substantial salary increases , a 40-hour work week and screen credits . The Disney strike has been recognized as a watershed moment in the movement to unionize the animation industry . Littlejohn was also an active advocate for the art of animation . He was a co-founder of ASIFA-Hollywood in 1957 and of the International Tournée of Animation in the mid-1960s . He also served on the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Board of Governors representing short films and animation from 1988 to 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "439c38242be73ceb473ec9d3648366ac", "text": "The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series , a.k.a. . The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Series or The Wally Gator Show , was a syndicated television package of animated cartoon series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions , starting in 1962 . The series included three unrelated short cartoon segments featuring funny animal characters : Wally Gator Touché Turtle and Dum Dum Lippy the Lion & Hardy Har Har The package consisted of Fifty-two episodes , each with three individual segments and no bridge animation . Each individual cartoon segment , had its own opening theme and closing title . The title The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon series was an off-screen promotional title to distinguish this package from other Hanna-Barbera cartoons ( such as Ruff and Reddy , Huckleberry Hound and Yogi Bear all of which had bridge animation between the cartoons . ) available at the time . For example , WGN-Channel 9 in Chicago ran the three segments in a half-hour timeslot under the name Wally Gator . In New York , WPIX-TV originally used the segments for a local series , Cartoon Zoo , featuring Milt Moss as host and `` Zookeeper '' , with life-sized cutouts of the characters in `` cages '' as a backdrop . The package was originally syndicated by Screen Gems , the TV division of Columbia Pictures . The Hanna-Barbera studio was later purchased by Taft Broadcasting Company , which distributed the studio 's product first through Taft-HB Program Sales , and later through Worldvision Enterprises . Over time , the studio regained control of many of its earlier productions and distributed them through Worldvision . The elements of The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Series were split up , with Wally Gator airing as a segment on Magilla Gorilla and Friends on USA Network 's Cartoon Express from 1987 through 1991 . Meanwhile , Touche Turtle and Lippy the Lion were part of another package of cartoons aired on The Family Channel . Following the purchase of the Hanna-Barbera library by Turner Entertainment , these shorts eventually appeared on Cartoon Network and later Boomerang . The cartoons were put on DVD with Saturday Morning Cartoons : Vol . 2 . Strangely , the Lippy the Lion cartoon was of noticeably better quality than the other two on the DVD . Very likely due to the cartoon coming from a better quality film print then the others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c50b0bfbf5ed4fa084f8cfbb70a5bd7b", "text": "List of Disney live-action shorts This is a listing of live-action motion picture shorts produced by Walt Disney or The Walt Disney Company , from 1921 to the present . This list only includes shorts which were initially released as individual shorts , which excludes the shorts that were originally released as part of Disney features in the 1950s and later re-released as individual shorts . This list also does not include shorts that do not contain any original stock footage . This list includes shorts with both live action and animation only if the majority of the short contains live action . This list does not include any trailers as they are usually edited from the features they are supposed to promote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5eb2faf688d2bc896dd479902dc004", "text": "Warner Bros. Cartoons Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. was the in-house division of Warner Bros. . Pictures during the Golden Age of American animation . One of the most successful animation studios in American media history , Warner Bros. . Cartoons was primarily responsible for the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoon short subjects . The characters featured in these cartoons , including Bugs Bunny , Daffy Duck , Porky Pig , Speedy Gonzales , Sylvester and Tweety , Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner , are among the most famous and recognizable characters in the world . Many of the creative staff members at the studio , including directors and animators such as Chuck Jones , Friz Freleng , Robert McKimson , Tex Avery , Robert Clampett and Frank Tashlin , are considered major figures in the art and history of traditional animation . The Warner animation division was founded in 1933 as Leon Schlesinger Productions , an independent company which produced the popular Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animated short subjects for release by Warner Bros. . Pictures . In 1944 , Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. , who continued to operate it as Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. until 1963 . Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were briefly subcontracted to Freleng 's DePatie-Freleng Enterprises studio from 1964 until 1967 . The Warner Bros. . Cartoons studio briefly re-opened in 1967 before shutting its doors for good two years later . A successor company , Warner Bros. . Animation , was established in 1980 . That company continues to produce Looney Tunes-related works , in addition to television shows and feature films centering on other properties . The classic Warner Bros. animation studio is sometimes referred to as `` Termite Terrace '' , a name given to the temporary headquarters Tex Avery and his animators were assigned to during Avery 's first year as a Looney Tunes director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6", "text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19b190bce3bb86f308a7f7343a099710", "text": "Industrial musical An industrial musical is a musical performed internally for the employees or shareholders of a business , to create a feeling of being part of a team , to entertain , and/or to educate and motivate the management and salespeople to improve sales and profit . It can be used to increase staff awareness of public relations , advertising , marketing or corporate image . Other terms for industrial musicals include the corporate musical or industrial show , but the latter can also refer to trade shows , which are publicity events organized by businesses in a specific industry to promote their products to potential buyers . Industrial musicals are not restricted to corporations or to businesses involved in industry . They should not be confused with industrial music , or with musicals produced by businesses to be seen by the general public , for example , Disney 's stage production of The Lion King .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf", "text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddd2b07361be48f1204478257c76179e", "text": "List of The Ruff and Reddy Show episodes The Ruff and Reddy Show ( also known as Ruff and Reddy ) is an American animated television series created by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera for NBC . The series follows the adventures of Ruff ( voiced by Don Messick ) , a straight and smart cat , and Reddy ( Daws Butler ) , a good-natured , brave dog . Ruff and Reddy was the first television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions ; it was presented by Screen Gems , the television arm of Columbia Pictures ( now Sony Pictures Television ) . Ruff and Reddy premiered in December 1957 and ran for fifty episodes until April 1960 , comprising three seasons . Hanna and Barbera created the series as the first of their fledgling television operation , first named H-B Enterprises . The `` buddy '' theme had previously been explored in their Tom and Jerry theatrical short subjects , although Ruff and Reddy lacks the element of the two being enemies . The series is notable as one of the earliest original animated television programs , and a pioneering use of limited animation techniques .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e0afa9bb17df1d81567b2793167c81fb
Faith Evans's fifth album is called Thriller.
[ { "docid": "3eb761f855dd3a2f043d22dfb1fbdf6f", "text": "Faith Evans Faith Renée Evans ( born June 10 , 1973 ) is an American singer-songwriter . Born in Florida and raised in New Jersey , Evans relocated to Los Angeles in 1993 for a career in the music business . After working as a backing vocalist for Al B. Sure and Christopher Williams , she became the first female artist to contract with Sean `` Puff Daddy '' Combs ' Bad Boy Entertainment recording company in 1994 , for which she collaborated with several label mates such as Mary J. Blige and Carl Thomas and released three platinum-certified studio albums between 1995 and 2001 , including Faith ( 1995 ) , Keep the Faith ( 1998 ) and Faithfully ( 2001 ) . In 2003 , she ended her relationship with the company to sign with Capitol Records . Her first album released on the label , The First Lady ( 2005 ) became her highest-charting album at the time , reaching the top of the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums charts , while the holiday album A Faithful Christmas , released the same year , would become her last release before the company was bought in 2007 . Following a longer hiatus , Evans released her fifth album Something About Faith on the independent label Prolific/E1 Music in 2010 . Other than her recording career , Evans is mostly known as the widow of New York rapper Christopher `` The Notorious B.I.G. '' Wallace , whom she married on August 4 , 1994 , a few weeks after meeting at a Bad Boy photo shoot . The turbulent marriage resulted in Evans ' involvement in the East Coast -- West Coast hip hop rivalry , dominating the rap music news at the time , and ended with Wallace 's murder in an unsolved drive-by shooting in Los Angeles on March 9 , 1997 . A 1997 tribute single featuring Puff Daddy and the band 112 , named `` I 'll Be Missing You '' , won Evans a Grammy Award in 1998 . Also an actress and writer , Evans made her screen debut in the 2000 musical drama Turn It Up by Robert Adetuyi . Her autobiography Keep the Faith : A Memoir was released by Grand Central Publishing in 2008 and won a 2009 African American Literary Award for the Best Biography/Memoir category .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "278fb4de7b4ef2e87a7a2ec4bcea8297", "text": "Sailboat (album) Sailboat is the fifth studio album ( sixth overall ) released by the singer/songwriter Jonathan Edwards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b98cc07cc91023c9f7351797f784ed6", "text": "One More Chance (The Notorious B.I.G. song) `` One More Chance / Stay with Me ( Remix ) '' is a song written and recorded by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , featuring additional vocals sung by his wife Faith Evans and an uncredited appearance by Mary J. Blige . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on July 31 , 1995 and sold 1.1 million copies . The original version of the song appears on B.I.G. 's album , Ready to Die . The remix features new lyrics , a new chorus , and a different beat than the original . There is also a `` hip hop mix '' which samples Marley Marl 's `` Droppin Science '' ( featuring rapper Craig G ) . Evans was an up-and-coming R&B artist at the time . The remix , produced by the Trackmasters samples DeBarge 's 1983 song `` Stay with Me '' . The song peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was the highest debuting single of all time , tying with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song `` Scream '' when it entered the Hot 100 at # 5 at the time . ( This record stood until later that year , when Michael Jackson 's `` You Are Not Alone '' debuted at number one . ) It remained the highest debuting single for a rap song on the Hot 100 until Puff Daddy 's tribute song `` I 'll Be Missing You '' debuted at # 1 . ( Lauryn Hill , Eminem and DJ Khaled would later equal this feat , with the former 's `` Doo Wop ( That Thing ) '' entering in the top spot in 1998 , the aforementioned with `` Not Afraid '' in 2010 and the latter with `` I 'm The One '' in 2017 . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "720a2914e3006dd5bc1d69b348d9801b", "text": "Hymns (Bloc Party album) Hymns is the fifth studio album by English indie rock band Bloc Party . It was released worldwide in January 2016 on BMG . The album was recorded between March and August 2015 at Lynchmob Studios in London , following a hiatus during which Matt Tong and Gordon Moakes departed the band . It is the first album to feature new members of the band : Justin Harris on bass and keyboards , and Louise Bartle on drums . The songs `` The Love Within '' , `` The Good News '' , and `` Virtue '' were released as singles . Musically , Hymns was inspired by many sources including rhythm and blues and gospel . It focuses more on electronic music compared to the album 's predecessor , Four ( 2012 ) , which featured a return to Bloc Party 's rock style after experimentation with electronic music on their third studio album , Intimacy ( 2008 ) . Upon release , the album received generally mixed reviews from critics ; reviewers focused on the `` subdued '' nature of the album , with others noting the more spiritual themes in its lyrics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74ae2948066c95dd78345a8b449f2ba0", "text": "The Ritual (Testament album) The Ritual is the fifth album by the American thrash metal band Testament . It was released in 1992 on Atlantic/Megaforce Records .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a94c76dc11aa0a7227942a98e64cba08", "text": "Faith (TV series) Faith is a two-part British thriller political drama written by Simon Burke , first broadcast on ITV between 7 and 8 September 1994 . The programme stars Michael Gambon as Peter John Moreton , Susannah Harker as Holly Moreton and John Hannah as Nick Simon . The programme was broadcast over two nights for Thursdays . Faith was released on DVD in United States on 8 November 2005 by Koch Vision .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dffc667205f669308824bb2f2405be3e", "text": "DJ Drama Tyree Cinque Simmons ( born April 22 , 1978 ) , professionally known as DJ Drama , is an American disc jockey ( DJ ) and record executive from Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . He initially gained recognition as the official DJ for Atlanta-based rapper T.I. . He is perhaps best known for hosting several mixtapes , most notably his successful Gangsta Grillz series . He is also known for doing the Dedication series with New Orleans-bred rapper Lil Wayne , with the New York Times calling Dedication 2 , one of the `` 10 best recordings of 2006 '' . DJ Drama along with DJ Sense , founded Aphilliates Music Group , in 2003 . The Aphilliates Music Group signed a joint venture deal with Asylum Records in 2006 . As of January 2011 , The Aphilliates now operates as its own entity , due to DJ Drama recently cutting ties with La the Darkman and Embassy Entertainment . In December 2007 , Drama released his first studio album , Gangsta Grillz : The Album , under Atlantic Records , as well as T.I. 's label , Grand Hustle Records . His second album was the sequel Gangsta Grillz : The Album ( Vol . 2 ) , which was released in May 2009 , under Atlantic and Grand Hustle . After leaving Grand Hustle and Atlantic to focus on Aphilliates Music Group , Drama released his third album Third Power , under E1 Music and Aphilliates . In October 2012 , Drama released his fourth album Quality Street Music , under E1 and Aphilliates . In January 2014 , it was announced that DJ Drama was the new A&R for Atlantic Records . On July 22 , 2016 , he released his fifth album Quality Street Music 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97a3c523d65293d26e73f858f18694e2", "text": "Phrenology (album) Phrenology is the fifth studio album by American hip hop band The Roots , released November 26 , 2002 , on Geffen Records and MCA Records . Recording sessions for the album took place during June 2000 to September 2002 . It was primarily produced by members of the band and features contributions from hip hop and neo soul artists such as Cody ChesnuTT , Musiq Soulchild , Talib Kweli , and Jill Scott . Although it did not parallel the commercial success of the band 's previous album , Things Fall Apart , the album reached number 28 on the US Billboard 200 chart and sold steadily , remaining on the chart for 38 weeks . On June 3 , 2003 , it was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America , for shipments of 500,000 copies in the United States . Upon its release , Phrenology received universal acclaim from music critics , who praised its musical direction and lyrical themes , and it was included in numerous publications ' year-end lists of the year 's best albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe3d5c54be237b894f07e8dd8bda099", "text": "Panic Station `` Panic Station '' is a song by English rock band Muse , released as the fifth single from their sixth studio album The 2nd Law on 31 May 2013 . The song was written by Matthew Bellamy . It is featured as the third track on the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5efd8bd9c9d8facf0f633ded21bb84b4", "text": "Faith Hill discography Faith Hill is an American country music singer . Her discography includes seven studio albums , four compilation albums , and forty-two singles . All of Hill 's studio albums , including her 2008 Christmas compilation , have been certified Gold , Platinum , or Multi-Platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . After working as a secretary in a Nashville music publishing firm , Hill recorded a demo tape and was signed to Warner Bros. . Records . She released her debut album in late 1993 titled , Take Me as I Am . The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified `` multi-platinum '' in sales . With Hill 's first albums , she was largely marketed as a country artist and her singles found major success on country radio . The lead single , `` Wild One '' spent four weeks at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart that year , making Hill the first female country artist in thirty years spend a series of weeks at the top spot with a debut single . The album 's additional singles , `` Piece of My Heart '' ( a cover of the Erma Franklin song ) and `` Take Me as I Am '' were also significant country hits . In 1995 released her second studio album , It Matters to Me . which also reached multi-platinum status . Its title track was a # 1 country hit , and the other singles released including `` Let 's Go to Vegas '' and `` Someone Else 's Dream '' were Top 10 hits . After meeting country music artist , Tim McGraw , the two eventually married in October 1996 . For three years , Hill did not release any albums after giving birth to child . However she did collaborate with McGraw on his single , `` It 's Your Love '' , which was a # 1 country hit in 1997 . Hill returned with her third studio album in 1998 titled , Faith . The album 's first single , `` This Kiss '' was promoted as a country and pop single , and therefore it not only peaked at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart , but also crossed over into Billboard Hot 100 , where it made the Top 10 , peaking at # 7 . The album 's other singles remained successful on the country charts , peaking within the Top 10 , including a duet with McGraw , `` Just to Hear You Say That You Love Me '' . Immediately after tour from her previous album , she returned to the studio to record her fourth album , Breathe . The album was marketed as a crossover Pop music album , which would bring Hill major success in pop and adult contemporary music . Breathe sold eight million copies in the United States , certifying 8 × Platinum in sales . The title track was the album 's first single , where it became Hill 's biggest hit to date , spending six weeks at # 1 on the Billboard Country Chart , while also peaking at # 2 on the Hot 100 , becoming the biggest hit of the year on Billboard . Its follow-up , `` The Way You Love Me '' was also a # 1 hit , and reached the Pop Top 10 as well . In 2002 , she released another Pop-oriented album , Cry . Although it sold two million copies in the United States , its singles proved not to be as successful as planned . The title track only reached # 12 on the country charts and # 33 on the Hot 100 . The additional three singles released ( `` When the Lights Go Down '' , `` One '' , and `` You 're Still Here '' ) were even less successful than the title track . Hill stayed on a three-year hiatus before releasing her next album , Fireflies in 2005 . The album returned Hill to traditional country music , and the lead single , `` Mississippi Girl '' ( written by John Rich ) became Hill 's first # 1 hit on the Country charts in five years . In addition , Fireflies sold two million copies in the United States and was certified 2 × Platinum in sales . In 2007 , Hill released her first greatest hits compilation which was titled , The Hits , followed by a Holiday album in late 2008 , Joy to the World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "520c035d851e96bd51979441d83d44d5", "text": "Sparkle (singer) Stephanie Edwards ( born May 13 , 1975 ) , better known by her stage name Sparkle is an American R&B singer . She began her career in 1998 as a protégé of fellow Chicago native R. Kelly . Edwards is probably best known for her 1998 R&B debut hit single `` Be Careful '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8457928b975b8badae93365ea40fa7a", "text": "Darrell Evans (musician) Darrell Patton Evans ( born October 6 , 1968 ) is an evangelical Christian musician and songwriter , known primarily for his contributions to contemporary Christian worship . Influenced by the music of Bruce Springsteen and U2 , his style of music is noted for its extensive use of free form composition , with several of his songs having been written spontaneously during concerts and worship times . Besides his music writing , he is an accomplished guitar player and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a66e3151ab45eb5d16b6dd5d24bfe9ea", "text": "Face2Face (Babyface album) Face2Face is the fifth studio album from R&B singer , Babyface . It was his first album in five years after 1996 's The Day . It was also his first album released on Arista Records , which reunited him with his former songwriting and production partner L.A. Reid who was the president of Arista at the time of the album 's release . Face2Face was a radical departure from his previous works , as the balladeer was focused on more uptempo songs . The album was also different due to Babyface working with outside producers on roughly half of the album . Producers on the album included Tim & Bob , Heavy D , The Neptunes , Diggin ' in the Crates producer Buckwild , Brian McKnight 's associate producer Anthony Nance and Dan Reed Network member Brion James . Reviews of the album were mixed , as critics and fans did n't know what to make of Babyface 's new musical direction . Face2Face is notable for being one of a few albums released on the same day as the September 11 attacks . It was released alongside other recordings such as Slayer 's God Hates Us All , Jay-Z 's The Blueprint , Mariah Carey 's Glitter , and Nickelback 's Silver Side Up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11566b5f0938760e740c3a6c9019b672", "text": "The Last Temptation (Alice Cooper album) The Last Temptation is the 20th studio album by rock singer , Alice Cooper , released in July 1994 via Epic Records . It centers on a boy named Steven ( also the name of the protagonist in Cooper 's earlier work , Welcome to My Nightmare ) , and a mysterious showman . The showman , with apparent supernatural abilities , attempted with the use of twisted versions of morality plays to persuade Steven to join his traveling show , `` The Theater of the Real - The Grand-est Guignol ! '' , where he would `` never grow up '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da8bbe3f4a394c325ddab99766212b75", "text": "Some Feelings (Julia Nunes album) Some Feelings ( Stylized as SOME FEELINGS ) is the fifth studio album by American singer-songwriter Julia Nunes and was released September 25 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "edfb557ef965c31396571d3c467c1055", "text": "Kevin Mitchell (musician) Kevin Edward Mitchell , also known by the stage name of Bob Evans ( born 1 October 1977 ) , is an Australian singer-songwriter ; Mitchell uses the moniker for his primary solo project . He is also the founding lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the alternative rock band Jebediah , which was formed in 1994 and features his older brother Brett Mitchell , who joined on drums before the group 's first performance . Jebediah released five studio albums between 1997 and 2011 , the first three of which entered the top ten on the ARIA Albums Chart . Mitchell commenced performing as a folk pop artist under the name `` Bob Evans '' in 1999 to showcase `` quieter '' songs that were influenced by music that was different from the primary sound of Jebediah , and he deliberately chose a stage name that would distinguish him from his band . His most successful solo album Suburban Songbook , which was released on 10 June 2006 , peaked at No. 15 , and his next two solo albums Goodnight , Bull Creek ! ( 3 April 2009 ) and Familiar Stranger ( 15 March 2013 ) reached the top 40 . As of December 2016 , Mitchell has released five Bob Evans studio albums , and he launched the Good Evans , It 's A Bobcast ! podcast in May 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e970e27543cec818ff9d786ac5ed1fb4", "text": "Tru Love (song) `` Tru Love '' is a song by American recording artist Faith Evans . It was written by Johnta Austin , Evans , Bryan Michael Cox , and Jermaine Dupri for her fourth studio album The First Lady ( 2005 ) , while its production was handled by the latter two . The contemporary R&B ballad was released as the album 's third and final single in October 2005 and reached number 27 on the US Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defa61efb12976861a4074d827895caa", "text": "Turbulent Indigo Turbulent Indigo is the fifteenth album by Canadian singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell . Released in 1994 , it won a Grammy Award for Pop Album of the Year . John Milward , writing for Rolling Stone , wrote that it was Mitchell 's `` best album since the mid - '70s '' . The album marked her return to Warner Music ( formerly WEA ) distribution after her previous album , Night Ride Home , was distributed by MCA for its then-newly purchased subsidiary Geffen Records ( which , prior to the sale to MCA , had distributed through WEA ) . The album takes inspiration from the Dutch artist Vincent van Gogh for Mitchell 's self-portrait on the cover . The song `` Turbulent Indigo '' references Van Gogh , while the song `` Magdalene Laundries '' recounts the sufferings of Irish women once consigned to Magdalen Asylums run by the Roman Catholic Church and made to work in the asylum 's laundries . The song `` Not to Blame '' was rumored to be about Mitchell 's singer-songwriting colleague Jackson Browne who was alleged to have beaten his girlfriend , actress Daryl Hannah ; Mitchell denies this . . The song `` Sex Kills '' referenced a number of late 20th century topical issues , including violence , AIDS , global warming and consumerism . , the album has sold 311,000 copies in the US .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "606465104341242d74fd95fe1ee062f4", "text": "Full Circle (Boyz II Men album) Full Circle is the fifth album by R&B group Boyz II Men and their only release on Arista Records . Featuring the singles `` The Color of Love '' , written by Babyface and `` Relax Your Mind '' featuring Faith Evans , Full Circle was the last Boyz II Men album to include bass singer Michael McCary . Three years later , singer Raheem DeVaughn would sample the track `` Right on Time '' on his song `` Ask Yourself '' from his 2005 debut The Love Experience .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3af91b88ac2134d00e485e0f6ea57410", "text": "Twenty Five (album) Twenty Five is a greatest hits album by George Michael released on 2006 , celebrating the 25th anniversary of his music career . It was released on 13 November 2006 by Sony BMG . It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and number 23 on the Billboard 200 , and it reached the top 20 on most other album charts . After Michael 's death in December 2016 , the album re-entered the Billboard 200 at a new peak position of number 12 . The album mostly contains songs from Michael 's solo career , but also from his earlier days with Wham ! . The album is sold in two formats : a 2-CD set and a limited edition 3-CD set . The 2-CD set contains 26 tracks , including four recorded with Wham ! and three new songs : `` An Easier Affair '' , `` This Is Not Real Love '' ( a duet with the British singer Mutya Buena ) and a new version of `` Heal the Pain '' , recorded with Paul McCartney . The limited edition 3-CD version contains an additional 14 lesser known tracks , including one with Wham ! and another new song called `` Understand '' . The 2-CD version was released in the United States on 1 April 2008 , with two changes : `` Feeling Good '' replaced the Wham ! track `` Freedom '' , and `` The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face '' ( from Songs from the Last Century ) replaced `` Round Here '' , a track from Patience that was not released as a single in the US . A 3-CD limited deluxe version was released in the United States exclusively by Best Buy . The track listing for the third CD is the same as the international version , but unlike the 2-CD US version , it includes `` Freedom '' instead of `` Feeling Good '' . The 3-CD version is packaged in a digipak . It includes a 36-page colour booklet with lyrics for every track , along with screen shots from the videos for most of the tracks on the first two CDs . A Twenty Five DVD was also released .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e624f209438be164b9293830ddd50496
The Invention of Lying is a restaurant.
[ { "docid": "7b07b62ced34d75b1286cf5e9e505f97", "text": "The Invention of Lying The Invention of Lying is a 2009 American fantasy romantic comedy film written and directed by Ricky Gervais and Matthew Robinson ( in their directorial debuts ) . The film stars Gervais as the first human with the ability to lie in a world where people can only tell the truth . The supporting cast features Jennifer Garner , Jonah Hill , Louis C.K. , Rob Lowe and Tina Fey . The film was released in the United States on October 2 , 2009 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "bf9473ae798d157e10cf69cc21950ede", "text": "Wilensky's Wilensky 's Light Lunch ( casse-croûte Wilensky ) , styled in its signage as simply Wilensky to conform to Bill 101 , is a lunch counter located at 34 Fairmount Avenue West in Montreal , Quebec , Canada . Opened in 1932 by Moe Wilensky , the restaurant was immortalized in Mordecai Richler 's novel , The Apprenticeship of Duddy Kravitz . Scenes in the film version of the book were shot in the restaurant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0270762e5a619e026b0ace89352d4bee", "text": "List of restaurant terminology This is a list of restaurant terminology . A restaurant is a business that prepares and serves food and drink to customers in return for money , either paid before the meal , after the meal , or with a running tab . Meals are generally served and eaten on premises , but many restaurants also offer take-out and food delivery services . Restaurants vary greatly in appearance and offerings , including a wide variety of the main chef 's cuisines and service models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43487dbff112f5970dbb1c84593fbde9", "text": "Steakhouse A steakhouse , steak house , or chophouse is a restaurant that specializes in steaks and chops . Modern steakhouses can also offer other cuts of meat such as roast prime rib , veal , and seafood . Chophouses started in London in the 1690s , and served individual portions of meat , known as chops . The traditional nature of the food served was zealously maintained through the later 19th century despite the new cooking styles from the Continent which were beginning to become fashionable . The houses were normally only open for men . The steakhouse started in the United States in the late 19th century as a development from traditional inns and bars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b7cacbc818b3b6cc2f59c9c1f30facc", "text": "Pizza Inn Pizza Inn is an American restaurant chain and international food franchise , specializing in American-style pan pizza and side dishes . The company is based in the Dallas suburb of The Colony , Texas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8b428a46f2f925186f44d70905cc0f4", "text": "Rodízio Rodízio ( pronounced -LSB- ʁoˈdʒiziu -RSB- in Brazil ) is an all-you-can-eat style of restaurant service in Brazilian restaurants . In most areas of the world outside of Brazil , a rodízio restaurant refers to a Brazilian style steakhouse restaurant . Customers pay a fixed price ( preço fixo ) , and waiters bring samples of food to each customer at several times throughout the meal , until the customers signal that they have had enough . In churrascarias or the traditional Brazilian-style steakhouse restaurants , servers come to the table with knives and a skewer , on which are speared various kinds of quality cuts of meat , most commonly local cuts of beef , pork , chicken and sometimes exotic meats . Less popular are other rodízio style restaurants in Brazil , such as ones serving pasta or pizza in which various pizzas and pastas are brought on trays . Rodízio-style sushi restaurants are also common in Brazil . Most rodízio courses are served right off the cooking spit and are sliced or plated right at the table . Sometimes , they are accompanied with fried potatoes , fried bananas , collard greens , black beans , and rice ( served buffet style ) . In many restaurants , the diner is provided with a colored card . Green , on one side , indicates to servers to bring more meat . Red , on the other side , indicates the opposite .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce5e2e0023c9bfefc107f98f9c4ea59", "text": "David Liederman David Liederman ( b 1949 , New York , New York ) is a chef and businessman . He is best known for creating David 's Cookies company ( owned by Fairfield Gourmet Foods Corporation ) , which produces a line of desserts , baked goods and cookie dough . Since 1996 , however , he has not been associated with the David 's Cookies product .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65d7e1f451ebcfdb29bf14b119ab154a", "text": "Age fabrication Age fabrication occurs when a person deliberately misrepresents their true age . This is usually done with the intent to garner privileges or status that would not otherwise be available to the person . It may be done through the use of oral or written statements or through the altering , doctoring or forging of vital records . On some occasions , age is increased so as to make cut-offs for minimum legal or employable age in showbusiness or professional sports . Sometimes it is not the people themselves who lower their public age , but others around them such as publicists , parents , and other handlers . Most cases involve taking or adding one or two years to their age . However , in more extreme cases such as with Al Lewis and Charo , a decade has been added or subtracted . Official state documents ( such as birth , marriage and death certificates , the census , and other identity documents ) typically provide the correct date . Although uncommon in modern Western society , it is still possible for a person not to know their exact date of birth . Such a person may arbitrarily choose a date of birth which after later research is found to be false . This situation should not be considered age fabrication as there is no obvious intent to deceive on the part of the individual . Subtracting time from one 's age is often known in English as `` shaving '' , while adding time to one 's age may be referred to as `` padding '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da8082ea4b5b870d366c5376658de3e8", "text": "Villa Enterprises Villa Enterprises Management is a privately owned , multi-concept quick service restaurant ( QSR ) franchisor with over 330 franchised and corporate locations in 38 US states and six countries . The company was founded in 1964 by Michele Scotto as a pizzeria called Villa Pizza , located next to the original Ed Sullivan Theater on Broadway in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02ccd3344b18f630e0103a34cf94475e", "text": "Unscrupulous diner's dilemma In game theory , the unscrupulous diner 's dilemma ( or just diner 's dilemma ) is an n-player prisoner 's dilemma . The situation imagined is that several individuals go out to eat , and prior to ordering , they agree to split the check equally between all of them . Each individual must now choose whether to order the expensive or inexpensive dish . It is presupposed that the expensive dish is better than the cheaper , but not by enough to warrant paying the difference when eating alone . Each individual reasons that the expense s/he adds to their bill by ordering the more expensive item is very small , and thus the improved dining experience is worth the money . However , having all reasoned thus , they all end up paying for the cost of the more expensive meal , which by assumption , is worse for everyone than having ordered and paid for the cheaper meal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5427cd842f880aabaadc46d6d269e76f", "text": "Tom's Restaurant Tom 's Restaurant is a diner located at 2880 Broadway ( on the corner of West 112th Street ) in the Morningside Heights neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City . Frequented by students and faculty of nearby Columbia University , it has been owned and operated by the Greek-American family of Minas Zoulis since the 1940s . Tom 's Restaurant was the locale that inspired Suzanne Vega 's 1982 song `` Tom 's Diner . '' Later , its exterior was used as a stand-in for the fictional Monk 's Café in the television sitcom Seinfeld , where comedian Jerry Seinfeld 's eponymous character and his friends regularly gathered to eat . The interior shown on the television show , however , looked very little like the real `` Tom 's '' , as indoor scenes were filmed on a set in Los Angeles . Early Seinfeld episodes showed the entire neon sign ; later , the `` Tom 's '' portion was cropped out , showing only the `` RESTAURANT '' wraparound . Even though the interior and exterior have undergone minor remodeling since the show , the distinctive sign has remained the same . Tom 's is featured in Kramer 's Reality Tour conducted by Kenny Kramer . Senator John McCain often ate at Tom 's when he visited his daughter Meghan when she was a student at Columbia . Tom 's exterior has been seen on television before , in the 1978 The Bionic Woman episode `` Long Live the King '' at around the 27 minute mark of the DVD release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a18b1792b8739a7e289acfc29a14683", "text": "Fast casual restaurant A fast casual restaurant , found primarily in the United States , does not offer full table service , but promises higher quality food than other fast food restaurants ( with fewer frozen or processed ingredients ) . It is an intermediate concept between fast food and casual dining , and typically priced accordingly . The category is exemplified by chains such as Boston Market , Bruegger 's , Captain D 's , Chipotle Mexican Grill , Culvers , Dig Inn , El Pollo Loco , Five Guys , Freddy 's Frozen Custard & Steakburgers , Newk 's Eatery , Noodles & Co. , Panera Bread , Pizza Ranch , and Vapiano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f0d4b68abb3285afb07f7621080a4cd", "text": "Culinary Revolution The Culinary Revolution was a movement during the late 1960s and 1970s , growing out of the Free Speech Movement , when sociopolitical issues began to profoundly affect the way Americans eat . The Culinary Revolution is often credited to Alice Waters , the owner of Chez Panisse restaurant in Berkeley , California ; however , such claims are sometimes contested and the movement attributed to collaborations of other individuals . The mantra of using fresh , local , and seasonal ingredients at Waters 's Chez Panisse , as well as other similar `` New American cuisine '' restaurants , has greatly changed food served in restaurants and at home , thus creating California Cuisine and a broader movement in the cuisine of the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efabf8ff96a5512bd2e0d5c817530562", "text": "Old London Inc. Old London Inc. was the name of a proposed group of eating establishments begun by restaurant pioneer William Childs . Child 's was deposed in 1929 as the head of the $ 37,000,000 Childs Restaurant chain . A 1930s undertaking , Childs ' business eventually lost momentum during the Great Depression . It is significant because its founder was one of two brothers who began Childs Restaurants approximately four decades earlier . On April 29 , 1930 , he opened a restaurant at Broadway and 102nd Street . Old Algiers , the first establishment , was a dinery adaptation of an Algerian village . The new chain advertised itself as unstandardized in contrast to the standardized type of eateries begun by Childs and his brother , Samuel S. Childs , in the 1890s . William Childs planned additional units to be added at the rate of ten to twelve per year . Each was to have a theme patterned after an old world center , i.e. Old Normandy , Old Paris , France , and Old London , England . Located in the New York City metropolitan area , Childs ' three nephews , Ellsworth , William , and Wallace , served as vice-president , secretary , and treasurer , respectively . The second restaurant , Old London , was in a former Chase National Bank branch inside Bush Tower at 130 West 42nd St. , next to Times Square , where Childs leased the bottom two floors and basement in March 1931 . The restaurant business had officially been christened with the corporate name Old London Inc. , by this time . Architects Pruitt & Brown planned to extensively modify the space in `` old London style '' for an eatery with a seating capacity of 1,000 diners . The former bank counter would be utilized as a luncheonette service bar . Childs ' venture did not result in a chain as he had hoped . He operated the Old Mill Inn , near his family farm in Basking Ridge , New Jersey , prior to his death on May 22 , 1938 . He died in Somerset County , New Jersey , Bernardsville , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07007db52e8844514de4c836a50e7fc1", "text": "ReServe Interactive ReServe Interactive is a company that develops and sells computer software for the hospitality market including hotels , restaurants , sports and entertainment facilities , clubs , wineries , and retirement communities . In operation since 1996 , the company is headquartered in Delafield , Wisconsin , with its sales and service office located in Livermore , California . ReServe Interactive has developed applications for catering and event management , dining reservations , and table management . The software interfaces with related technology products , such as point-of-sale systems , room diagramming software , food and beverage management systems , accounting software and e-mail programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "652e8fac8f1fe6e2ebed6b61580f728d", "text": "Bullfeathers Bullfeathers of Capitol Hill is a restaurant and bar on 410 First Street SE in Washington , D.C. , in the Capitol Hill neighborhood . Its name comes from President Theodore Roosevelt 's favorite euphemism for `` bullshit . '' The logo of the restaurant is a depiction of Roosevelt . It was founded in 1979 by Gordon King . It has achieved some degree of fame for its association with congressional staffers and members who have been patrons , and as a place where `` lobbyists take Hill staffers to down martinis . '' . It has opened recently under new ownership . The new owners are Tony Harris , Med Lahlou , William Walls and Jessica Mulroy . The restaurant has been variously described as `` one of Capitol Hill 's key upscale watering holes '' and `` a favorite House-side dive . '' . Bullfeathers , Capital Hill is also the location of the Annual SWTA Legislative Breakfast The political activist Ralph E. Reed , Jr. had a religious experience while at Bullfeathers on a Saturday evening in September 1983 . Regarding the experience , Reed said `` the Holy Spirit simply demanded me to come to Jesus . '' He walked outside the pub to a phone booth , thumbed through the Yellow Pages under `` Churches , '' and found the Evangel Assembly of God in Camp Springs , Maryland , He visited the next morning and became a born-again Christian . The political website PoliticsPA named it to their list of restaurants frequented by politicians . The restaurant also figured in the Mark Foley scandal . Reports indicated that Mark Foley approached a former 18-year-old intern at Bullfeathers and asked for an email .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "498eeef496b629057412695de00e6276", "text": "21 Club The 21 Club , often simply 21 , is an American traditional cuisine restaurant and former prohibition-era speakeasy , located at 21 West 52nd Street in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e9caf78c0b0f3464a482d8ad1836c26", "text": "Trattoria A trattoria is an Italian-style eating establishment , less formal than a ristorante , but more formal than an osteria . There are generally no printed menus , the service is casual , wine is sold by the decanter rather than the bottle , prices are low , and the emphasis is on a steady clientele rather than on haute cuisine . The food is modest but plentiful ( mostly following regional and local recipes ) and in some instances is even served family-style ( i.e. at common tables ) . Trattorie is faithful to this stereotype who have become fewer in the last 20 years and many have adopted some ( or several ) of the trappings of restaurants , with just one or two `` concessions '' to the old rustic and familiar style . Optionally , trattoria food may be bought in containers for taking home . The word is cognate with the French word traiteur -- meaning a caterer that only makes take-out food .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89281f5d6ed8255c65ada97b1edb8f9c", "text": "Wine fraud Wine fraud may come in several forms . In all cases the fraud relates to the commercial aspects of wine . The most prevalent type of fraud is one where wines are adulterated , usually with the addition of cheaper products ( e.g. juices ) and sometimes with harmful chemicals and sweeteners ( compensating for colour or flavour ) . Counterfeiting and the relabelling of inferior and cheaper wines to more expensive brands is another common type of wine fraud . A third category of wine fraud relates to the investment wine industry . An example of this is when wines are offered to investors at excessively high prices by a company who then go into planned liquidation . In some cases the wine is never bought for the investor . Losses in the UK have been high , prompting the DTI and Police to act . In the US , investors have been duped by fraudulent investment wine firms too . Independent guidelines to potential wine investors are now available . In wine production , as wine is technically defined as fermented grape juice , the term `` wine fraud '' can be used to describe the adulteration of wine by substances that are not related to grapes . In the retailing of wine , as wine is comparable with any other commodity , the term `` wine fraud '' can be used to describe the mis-selling of wine ( either as an investment or in its deceitful misrepresentation ) in general . Fraud in wine production refers to the use of additives in order to deceive . This may include colouring agents such as elderberry juice , and flavourings such as cinnamon at best , or less desirable additives at worst . Some varieties of wine have sought after characteristics . For example some wines have a deep , dark color and flavor notes of spices due to the presence of various phenolic compounds found in the skin of the grapes . Fraudsters will use additives to artificially create these characteristics when they are lacking . Fraud in the selling of wine , has seen much attention focused on label fraud and the investment wine market . Counterfeit labelling of rare , expensive , and cult wines , and unregulated investment wine firms characterise this type of fraud . Wine Spectator noted as much as 5 % of the wine sold in secondary markets could be counterfeit and the DTI ( UK ) believes losses ( by investors ) to rogue wine investment firms amount to hundreds of millions of pounds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "adb3b780d316d167a7be73fba792bee9", "text": "The Washington Restaurant Association Founded in 1929 , The Washington Restaurant Association is the state restaurant industry association in the state of Washington . It represents a total of 14,039 Washington restaurants . Eighty-four percent of restaurants in Washington employ fewer than twenty people per location . The state restaurant industry employs 227,500 people and is the state 's largest private employer . The average restaurant profit before taxes is $ 32,742 . While not all state restaurants are members the industry as a whole is predominately represented by the association . The WRA is sanctioned by the National Restaurant Association . In October 2015 , the WRA began joint operations with the Washington Lodging Association . The two associations are partnering on all fronts and are working on combining forces in a unified hospitality association in the fall of 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15fbff626502adc50feeeb1203091b7b", "text": "Fatburger Fatburger Inc. is an American fast casual restaurant chain . Its tagline is The Last Great Hamburger Stand . While it is a fast food restaurant , the food is cooked and made to order . Some Fatburger restaurants have a liquor license , as well as Fat Bars . Its franchise headquarters are in Beverly Hills , California . In addition to the United States , the chain operates in over 19 other countries .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8b742871858745d69878c224e54eab33
Batman's first appearance was in a 1939 comic.
[ { "docid": "ba6649c494370b73c45b1105c4b4aeff", "text": "Batman Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger , and first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( 1939 ) . Originally named the `` Bat-Man '' , the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader , the Dark Knight , and the World 's Greatest Detective . Batman 's secret identity is Bruce Wayne , a wealthy American playboy , philanthropist , and owner of Wayne Enterprises . After witnessing the murder of his parents Dr. Thomas Wayne and Martha Wayne as a child , he swore vengeance against criminals , an oath tempered by a sense of justice . Bruce Wayne trains himself physically and intellectually and crafts a bat-inspired persona to fight crime . Batman operates in the fictional Gotham City with assistance from various supporting characters , including his butler Alfred , police commissioner Gordon , and vigilante allies such as Robin . Unlike most superheroes , Batman does not possess any superpowers ; rather , he relies on his genius intellect , physical prowess , martial arts abilities , detective skills , science and technology , vast wealth , intimidation , and indomitable will . A large assortment of villains make up Batman 's rogues gallery , including his archenemy , the Joker . The character became popular soon after his introduction in 1939 and gained his own comic book title , Batman , the following year . As the decades went on , differing interpretations of the character emerged . The late 1960s Batman television series used a camp aesthetic , which continued to be associated with the character for years after the show ended . Various creators worked to return the character to his dark roots , culminating in 1986 with The Dark Knight Returns by Frank Miller . The success of Warner Bros. ' live-action Batman feature films have helped maintain the public 's interest in the character . An American cultural icon , Batman has been licensed and adapted into a variety of media , from radio to television and film , and appears on various merchandise sold all over the world , such as toys and video games . The character has also intrigued psychiatrists , with many trying to understand the character 's psyche . In 2015 , FanSided ranked Batman as number one on their list of `` 50 Greatest Super Heroes In Comic Book History '' . Kevin Conroy , Bruce Greenwood , Peter Weller , Anthony Ruivivar , Jason O'Mara , and Will Arnett , among others , have provided the character 's voice for animated adaptations . Batman has been portrayed in both film and television by Lewis Wilson , Robert Lowery , Adam West , Michael Keaton , Val Kilmer , George Clooney , Christian Bale , and Ben Affleck .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b80b35a47f21412aac8661be4a3654cb", "text": "Dark Knight (nickname) The Dark Knight is the nickname of the superhero Batman who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . Batman was first referred to by the nickname in Batman # 1 ( Spring 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54dabc390cfa41d7ed103136c6f40468", "text": "Batman & Dracula trilogy The Batman and Dracula trilogy is a group of American comics stories which began with Batman & Dracula : Red Rain , a 1991 graphic novel by Doug Moench and Kelley Jones , in DC Comics ' Elseworlds line of alternate reality stories . It spawned two sequels by the same creative team ; Batman : Bloodstorm and Batman : Crimson Mist . DC Comics later released The Batman and Dracula trilogy in a trade paperback collection , entitled Tales of the Multiverse : Batman - Vampire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd983ce80863b7f14f0bfce0a9e7e68", "text": "All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman . The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' . The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint . Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' . With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c93e9c58a7a35ac9770cbb52fef472f", "text": "Captain Triumph Captain Triumph is a superhero from the Golden Age of Comics who first appeared in Crack Comics # 27 , published in January 1943 by Quality Comics . The character was later obtained by DC Comics , though by that time he had already lapsed into the public domain . Some of his Golden Age adventures were reprinted by AC Comics in the Men of Mystery anthology . He is not to be confused with another DC Comics property , Triumph .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0363d7bafc65c170834b4fca89cb3584", "text": "Action Comics Action Comics is an American comic book series that introduced Superman , one of the first major superhero characters as the term is popularly defined . The publisher was originally known as National Allied Publications , and later as National Comics Publications and as National Periodical Publications , before taking on its current name of DC Comics . Its original incarnation ran from 1938 to 2011 and stands as one of the longest-running comic books with consecutively numbered issues . A second volume of Action Comics with issue # 1 ran from 2011 to 2016 . Action Comics returned to its original numbering beginning with issue # 957 ( Aug. 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d79cea92df7f554cf6d5ebf812ba4140", "text": "Bronze Man Bronze Man is a fictional comic-book superhero in comics published by Fox Feature Syndicate . He first appeared in Blue Beetle # 42 ( July/August 1946 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee", "text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619", "text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f0d506f824f6b200ca801bfd4839a8c", "text": "Black Bat The Black Bat was the name of two unrelated pulp heroes featured in different pulp magazine series in the 1930s , most well known because of their similarity to DC Comics hero , Batman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfae7907d472e4910c27e11f002f25b7", "text": "James Batman James Batman is a 1966 Filipino Batman/James Bond cinematic spoof produced by Jose O. Vera and released by Sampaguita Pictures . It stars the Philippine comedian Dolphy as Batman and James Bond and Boy Alano as `` Rubin '' ( Robin ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d3b270bef52e990563ef23ea24cabce", "text": "Batman: Year One (film) Batman : Year One is a 2011 animated superhero film , based on the four-issue story arc of the same name printed in 1987 . It premiered at Comic-Con on July 22 and was officially released October 18 , 2011 . The film was directed by Lauren Montgomery and Sam Liu . It is the 12th film released under the DC Universe Animated Original Movies banner , and was released on DVD , Blu-ray , and Digital copy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96755d5fbc3315f0d7c6c2a2a5cf7c88", "text": "Krypton (comics) Krypton , a planet appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The planet is the native world of Superman and is named after the element krypton , which is abundant in its atmosphere . The planet was created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and was first referred to in Action Comics # 1 ( June 1938 ) . The planet made its first full appearance in Superman # 1 ( Summer 1939 ) . Krypton is also the native world of Supergirl , Krypto the Superdog , and Power Girl ( in her case , an alternate-universe version designated `` Krypton-Two '' ) . It has been consistently described as having been destroyed shortly after Superman 's flight from the planet , although the exact details of its destruction vary by time period and writers . Kryptonians were the dominant species on Krypton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d7a5a2cda2ca5d3ac3663e935d4d3bf", "text": "Batman: Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader? `` Whatever Happened to the Caped Crusader ? '' is a 2009 story featuring the DC Comics character Batman . The story is published in two parts , in the `` final '' issues of the series Batman ( # 686 ) and Detective Comics ( # 853 ) , released February and April respectively . Written by Neil Gaiman , pencilled by Andy Kubert , and inked by Scott Williams , the story is purported to be the `` last '' Batman story in the wake of severe psychological trauma that Batman endures within the Batman R.I.P. story , and his ultimate fate in Final Crisis . The story 's title is a reference to the backup stories published in DC Comics Presents from the early 1970s to the mid-1980s ( which revisited various long-unused Golden Age and Silver Age characters ; these stories were all titled `` Whatever Happened to ( x ) ? '' ) akin to writer Alan Moore 's `` last '' Superman story Whatever Happened to the Man of Tomorrow ? .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c063c063888d2d28b1eaff155dc8c6db", "text": "Batman: Year Two `` Year Two '' is the title of a four-part story arc featuring Batman , written by Mike W. Barr and illustrated by Alan Davis , Paul Neary , Alfredo Alcala , Mark Farmer and Todd McFarlane . It originally appeared in the American comic book Detective Comics # 575-578 , published by DC Comics . The story was initially a treatment by Barr titled `` Batman : 1980 '' , but it was released as `` Batman : Year Two '' following the success of Frank Miller 's `` Batman : Year One '' . This story was collected as a trade paperback in 1990 . In 2002 , DC Comics published a second printing of the trade paperback , this time with the addition of the one-shot sequel , Batman : Full Circle included , with the new edition retitled as Batman : Year Two - Fear The Reaper . Elements of the story were incorporated into the animated film Batman : Mask of the Phantasm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d09d340912842f7c90106e76f11f1010", "text": "Superman (Earth-Two) Superman of Earth-Two is an alternate version of the fictional superhero Superman , who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was introduced after DC Comics created Earth-Two , a parallel world that was retroactively established as the home of characters whose adventures had been published in the Golden Age of comic books . This allowed creators to publish Superman comic books taking place in current continuity while being able to disregard Golden Age stories , solving an incongruity , as Superman had been published as a single ongoing incarnation since inception . The character first appeared in Justice League of America vol . 1 # 73 ( August 1969 ) , and his Kryptonian birth name is Kal-L .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f362d900c09ae8dfbaf0fbe49511ac1c", "text": "Invisible Hood The Invisible Hood is a fictional superhero in the DC Comics Universe . He was originally owned by Quality Comics , but was later acquired by DC Comics , along with other Quality characters . He first appeared in Smash Comics # 1 ( August 1939 ) , and was created by Art Pinajian , Pinajian illustrated the story under the pseudonym `` Art Gordon '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31", "text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a3ea2d52e596354ca4f5cb5ec32d2e7", "text": "Batman Live Batman Live is a touring stage show , including theatrical , circus and stage-magic elements , that focuses on the DC Comics superhero Batman . It debuted on July 19 , 2011 at the Manchester Evening News Arena , with two and a half years in the making at a reported cost of about # 7.5 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499", "text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .", "title": "" } ]
fever
26108abd47661f327ceab8611ce9451e
Saving Private Ryan was the third highest grossing film of its year.
[ { "docid": "303d5746241fe03dfc984f8d02dd0226", "text": "Saving Private Ryan Saving Private Ryan is a 1998 American epic war drama film set during the Invasion of Normandy in World War II . Directed by Steven Spielberg and written by Robert Rodat , the film is notable for its graphic portrayal of war , and for the intensity of its opening 27 minutes , which includes a depiction of the Omaha Beach assault during the Normandy landings . It follows United States Army Rangers Captain John H. Miller ( Tom Hanks ) and a squad ( Tom Sizemore , Edward Burns , Barry Pepper , Giovanni Ribisi , Vin Diesel , Adam Goldberg , and Jeremy Davies ) as they search for a paratrooper , Private First Class James Francis Ryan ( Matt Damon ) , who is the last-surviving brother of four servicemen . The film received critical acclaim , winning several awards for film , cast , and crew , as well as earning significant returns at the box office . The film grossed US$ 481.8 million worldwide , making it the second-highest-grossing film of the year . The film was nominated for 11 Academy Awards ; Spielberg 's direction won his second Academy Award for Best Director , with four more awards going to the film . Saving Private Ryan was released on home video in May 1999 , earning another $ 44 million from sales . In 2014 , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress , being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . ''", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "85d9df8bd148ebf5bd18a619ff7d678b", "text": "Tower Heist Tower Heist is a 2011 American heist comedy film directed by Brett Ratner and written by Ted Griffin and Jeff Nathanson , based on a story by Bill Collage , Adam Cooper and Griffin . The plot follows Josh Kovaks ( Ben Stiller ) , Charlie Gibbs ( Casey Affleck ) and Enrique Dev ` reaux ( Michael Peña ) , employees of an exclusive apartment building who lose their pensions in the Ponzi scheme of Wall Street businessman Arthur Shaw ( Alan Alda ) . The group enlist the aid of criminal Slide ( Eddie Murphy ) , bankrupt businessman Mr. Fitzhugh ( Matthew Broderick ) and another employee of the apartment building , Odessa ( Gabourey Sidibe ) , to break into Shaw 's apartment and steal back their money while avoiding the FBI agent in charge of his case , Claire Denham ( Téa Leoni ) . Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all-black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven -- style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 . The film received mixed reviews with much of the praise going to the cast , including Broderick , Leoni and Stiller . However , Murphy was repeatedly singled out by critics as the star of the film , with critics feeling that he displayed a welcome return to the comedic style of his early career . Much of the criticism received by the film was focused on the plot , which was considered `` formulaic , '' `` rushed , '' `` dull '' and `` laborious . '' The film was released on November 4 , 2011 and earned $ 152 million worldwide . Prior to release , the film was involved in a controversy over plans by Universal Pictures to release it for home viewing on video on demand to 500,000 Comcast customers , only three weeks after its theatrical debut . Concern over the implementation 's harming ticket sales and inspiring further films to follow suit resulted in several theater chains ' refusal to show the film at all if the plan went ahead , forcing Universal to abandon the idea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce1cca31b813e3d384d0448134693a3f", "text": "Film industry in Georgia (U.S. state) The film industry in Georgia was , in 2015 , the third largest among U.S. states , eclipsed only by California and New York State . The industry in Georgia was boosted substantially by tax incentives introduced in 2002 and strengthened in 2008 . The state government claims $ 770 million in economic impact to Georgia ( 2009 ) , while industry sources claim that the tax subsidy costs the state $ 141 million ( 2010 ) . Atlanta is the center of the film industry in Georgia with Turner , Tyler Perry and EUE/Screen Gems studios located there . There were 348 productions shot in the state in 2009 . Films shot in Georgia include Tyler Perry 's Meet the Browns ( 2008 ) , Life as We Know It ( 2010 ) , and Contagion ( 2011 ) . Atlanta has been called the `` Hollywood of the South '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b95208e443e2759021f858099b13ed21", "text": "List of accolades received by 127 Hours 127 Hours is a 2010 British independent biographical adventure film directed by Danny Boyle . It stars James Franco in the principal role as real-life mountain climber Aron Ralston , whose hand was trapped under a boulder in a Utah ravine for more than five days in April 2003 . Adapted from Ralston 's autobiography Between a Rock and a Hard Place , 127 Hourss screenplay was written by Boyle and Simon Beaufoy . Distributors Fox Searchlight and Pathé gave the feature limited releases in the United States and United Kingdom on 5 November 2010 and 7 January 2011 , respectively . It grossed # 35.8 million at the box office by the end of its worldwide theatrical run . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator surveyed 215 reviews and judged 93 % to be positive . Additionally , 127 Hours appeared on more than two dozen movie reviewers ' Top Ten lists for the best movies of 2010 . The film has received honors for its direction , music , cinematography and writing , as well as for the lead performance by Franco . At the 68th Golden Globe Awards ceremony , 127 Hours earned three nominations : for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , Best Original Score and Best Screenplay . The picture was nominated in nine Satellite Award categories , including direction , score , sound , original song and visual effects . It also received nine nominations from the Broadcast Film Critics Association . The 64th British Academy Film Awards nominated it for eight of their awards , including Best Director , Best Editing , Best Music and Best Sound . Additionally , 127 Hours was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Film , but lost to The King 's Speech . It performed similarly at the 83rd Academy Awards , where it was nominated in six categories : Best Actor , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Film Editing , Best Original Score , Best Original Song ( for `` If I Rise '' ) and Best Picture , but lost respectively in all categories to The King 's Speech , The Social Network , and Toy Story 3 . Franco was named Best Actor by the New York Film Critics Online and 2010 Independent Spirit Awards . He also received recognition from the Screen Actors Guild , at their 17th annual ceremony . Franco 's arm amputation scene towards the end of 127 Hours was nominated at the viewer-voted 2011 MTV Movie Awards . Boyle 's and Beaufoy 's efforts on the movie 's script earned them nominations from the Writers Guild of America and Evening Standard British Film Awards . Along with producer Christian Colson , Boyle garnered another nomination , this time from the Producers Guild of America . The Detroit Film Critics Society honored Boyle as Best Director . Suttirat Larlarb 's input on the movie 's production design earned her one nomination from the Art Directors Guild . The film 's cinematography garnered nominations at the 2010 Houston Film Critics Awards and the 2010 San Diego Film Critics Society Awards . The American Film Institute listed 127 Hours as one of the ten best movies of 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1a0192df5037093557b1d59585adff", "text": "Third Hawkins Born Maurice Hawkins , Third Hawkins is a recognized music producer in and out of the DMV area including his hometown of Baltimore , Maryland . He has been producing music for over 10 years and was formally in the r & b group JONDOE . His group was signed to a demo deal with Universal Music Group during the late 90 's but an album never formed . After performing on the Apollo Theater the group decided to disband and Third Hawkins began his production career . Buying music equipment piece by piece he started working with local artist including a young group which he helped formed . After working with several local artist Third began writing for different singers and became one of Baltimore and Dc 's most unknown talent . He started Ghostwriting for artist because he did not want the notoriety that comes with fame . QUOTE : `` My goal is to become the best multi-genre African American male author of the future . '' Third Hawkins hits the scene with the pure gifted talent of story telling in a way that captivates each reader as if they were a part of the story twisting Urban Literature writing in a way that has never been done . . QUOTE : `` I have done so many things in my life that has made me become the man I am today . Some good and some bad but none of them do I regret . '' Third Hawkins began his journey in the music business in an R&B group called JONDOE of which they were signed to a major record label but never produced a full album . It was then when he focused his talent for writing songs and developing them into musical love stories that he began his curiosity for the literary arts . Although writing is what he loved to do music was always his passion . Producing tracks for local and other music artist . Performing at the legendary Apollo theater and other venues are what inspired him to become a better artist . Between work and relationships the music in his life dwindled and the love he once had left after years of R&B changed in the musical domain . He began to write short stories just for fun and one day while on the subway train . Using nothing but his data phone began texting his first book , `` My Only Syn '' . After writing the book and seeing how new found friends that were writers were screwed over by several publishing companies Third started his own publishing company , 3rdHawkins Publishing and began to write the self acclaimed drama `` Wake Me When It 's Over '' based on the life of a strong man trying to survive living with depression . `` I look at urban novels as the future of literary art because of the fact that it 's as real as you can get in telling a story . Hip Hop was once looked at as a genre in music that would never last and now the stories that they tell have influenced all genres of music from rock to country . Every one has some sort of story to tell and some stories may help even if it 's just one person who will read my book and can relate : I am satisfied and feel I have done my job as an author . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b3623867244c754fbbe4f74dadcc3ce", "text": "Third Window Films Third Window Films is a UK-based distributor of movies from East Asia founded in 2005 . They have provided distribution for numerous award winning films , such as Oasis ( Winner of Marcello Mastroianni Award , FIPRESCI Prize Signis Award and Special Director 's Award at the Venice Film Festival ) , Himizu ( Winner of the Marcello Mastroianni Award at the Venice Film Festival ) , Villain ( Best Actress winner at the Montreal Film Festival ) , Kotoko ( Winner of the Best Film Award in the Orrizonti of the Venice Film Festival ) , Memories of Matsuko ( Best Actress , Best Editing and Best Music at Japan Academy Award and more . Although receiving cult status in the UK for releasing such films as Love Exposure , Cold Fish , Fish Story , Tetsuo : The Iron Man and others , many of Third Window Films ' titles are blockbusters that feature household names in their native countries . For instance , Guns & Talks features Korean idol Won Bin star of Mother , For Love 's Sake by Takashi Miike played Out of Competition at the Cannes Film Festival , Vulgaria was the highest grossing Hong Kong film of 2012 and Confessions held the number one spot in Japan for a whole month despite strong competition from Sex and the City 2 and Iron Man 2 and was Japan 's official nomination for the 2010 Academy Awards . In 2011 , Third Window Films opened a branch office in Japan , Third Window Films Japan , to handle international co-productions . Their first co-production , The Land of Hope directed by Sion Sono , won the NETPAC Award at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2012 . In 2013 they created the first international large-scale co-production for a Japanese comedy , with Yosuke Fujita 's ` Fuku-chan of FukuFuku Flats ' . The project brought in Tucker Film in Italy , Joint Entertainment in Taiwan , Rapid Eye Movies in Germany and partnered them with Japan 's TV Man Union and Phantom Films . Third Window Films setup distribution deals as well for all 5 countries . In 2015 they fully produced the Japanese independent film ` Lowlife Love ' ( Gesu no Ai ) directed by Uchida Eiji . The film is a 100 % production of Third Window Films and stars many well-known Japanese actors such as Denden , Shugo Oshinari , Kiyohiko Shibukawa , Kanji Tsuda , Yoshihiko Hosoda and Houka Kinoshita . It is scheduled for release in Japan and internationally in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90f27afba8397fe1f035ddb9ea46d394", "text": "The Hangover Part II The Hangover Part II is a 2011 American comedy film produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2009 film The Hangover and the second installment in The Hangover trilogy . Directed by Todd Phillips , who co-wrote the script with Craig Mazin and Scot Armstrong , the film stars Bradley Cooper , Ed Helms , Zach Galifianakis , Ken Jeong , Jeffrey Tambor , Justin Bartha , and Paul Giamatti . It tells the story of Phil , Stu , Alan , and Doug as they travel to Thailand for Stu 's wedding . After the bachelor party in Las Vegas , Stu takes no chances and opts for a safe , subdued pre-wedding brunch . Things do not go as planned , resulting in another bad hangover with no memories of the previous night . Development began in April 2009 , two months before The Hangover was released . The principal actors were cast in March 2010 to reprise their roles from the first film . Production began in October 2010 , in Ontario , California , before moving on location in Thailand . The film was released on May 26 , 2011 and became the highest-grossing R-rated comedy during its theatrical run . A third and final installment , The Hangover Part III , was released on May 23 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dff3afb9cc207bc396c07c1ecb151bab", "text": "3rd Empire Awards The 3rd Empire Awards ceremony , presented by the British film magazine Empire , honored the best films of 1997 and took place in 1998 . During the ceremony , Empire presented Empire Awards in nine categories as well as one honorary award . The awards were sponsored by Stella Artois for the first time . All of the winners this year won one award each . The Full Monty won the award for Best British Film , while Men in Black won the award for Best Film . Other winners included A Life Less Ordinary , Hamlet , Jerry Maguire , L.A. Confidential , Nil by Mouth , The Crucible and The English Patient . Dennis Hopper received the Lifetime Achievement Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a", "text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08179929bdde5b44cf8e90a213adb06a", "text": "Beverly Hills Cop III Beverly Hills Cop III is a 1994 American action comedy film starring Eddie Murphy and directed by John Landis , who had previously worked with Murphy on Trading Places and Coming to America . It is the third film in the Beverly Hills Cop trilogy , and a sequel to Beverly Hills Cop II . Murphy again plays Detroit cop Axel Foley , who once again returns to Beverly Hills , California , to stop a gang of counterfeiters who are responsible for the death of his boss . Foley teams up with his friend , Beverly Hills detective Billy Rosewood ( Judge Reinhold ) , and his investigation leads him to an amusement park known as Wonder World . The film features a number of cameo appearances by well-known film personalities , including Robert B. Sherman , Arthur Hiller , John Singleton , Joe Dante , special effects legend Ray Harryhausen , and George Lucas as a ride patron . Beverly Hills Cop III was released on May 25 , 1994 and grossed $ 42 million in the United States , and over $ 77 million in the foreign box office . The film was considered by critics and Murphy himself as the weakest film in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b", "text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d2df65afab65724119a553a9a70fdb6", "text": "Rocky III Rocky III is a 1982 American sports drama film written , directed by , and starring Sylvester Stallone . It is the third installment in the Rocky film series , and the second in the franchise to be directed by Stallone . The movie features returning co-stars Carl Weathers , Burgess Meredith , Talia Shire and Burt Young . Rocky III also marks the film debuts of Mr. T as James `` Clubber '' Lang , and of professional wrestler Hulk Hogan as the supporting character `` Thunderlips '' . Rocky III is the first installment in the series to be distributed by MGM/UA rather than United Artists alone . In 1980 , United Artists , who owned the rights to the Rocky films , made Heaven 's Gate , a film which cost $ 44 million and made only $ 3 million . In response , United Artists ' owner , Transamerica , sold United Artists to MGM , forming MGM/UA in 1981 . The film 's main theme , `` Eye of the Tiger '' , was written by the group Survivor and became a smash hit single , topping the U.S. Billboard charts and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd", "text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8468e3837a627bbdbaaccdd0f7b8dfe8
Arrow is not on The CW.
[ { "docid": "1b1158643eea1a0b9eb86ecee69d26d0", "text": "Arrow (TV series) Arrow is an American action crime television series developed by writer/producers Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim , and Andrew Kreisberg . It is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . It premiered in North America on The CW on October 10 , 2012 , with international broadcasting taking place in late 2012 . Primarily filmed in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , the series follows billionaire playboy Oliver Queen ( Stephen Amell ) , who , five years after being stranded on a hostile island , returns home to fight crime and corruption as a secret vigilante whose weapon of choice is a bow and arrow . The series takes a new look at the Green Arrow character , as well as other characters from the DC Comics universe . Although Oliver Queen/Green Arrow had been featured in the television series Smallville from 2006 to 2011 , on the CW , the producers decided to start clean and find a new actor to portray the character . Arrow focuses on the humanity of Oliver Queen , and how he was changed by time spent shipwrecked on an island . Most episodes in the first five seasons have flashback scenes to the five years in which Oliver was missing . Arrow has received generally positive reviews from critics . The series averaged about 3.68 million viewers over the course of the first season and received several awards and multiple nominations . To promote it , a preview comic book was released before the television series began , while webisodes featuring a product tie-in with Bose were developed for the second season . The first four seasons are available on DVD and Blu-ray in regions 1 , 2 and 4 ; a soundtrack was also released for the first two seasons . In October 2014 , a spin-off series set in the same universe , titled The Flash , premiered . In August 2015 , an animated spin-off , Vixen , was released , while a second live-action spin-off , Legends of Tomorrow , premiered in January 2016 , featuring a number of characters from Arrow and The Flash . On March 11 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a fifth season , which premiered on October 5 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the show for a sixth season .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a202c56aa8a84d4915a53ea22b245101", "text": "List of programs broadcast by UPN The following is a list of programs broadcast by UPN . Some programs were carried over to The CW , a network formed through a partnership between WB parent company Time Warner and UPN corporate parent CBS Corporation , in September 2006 following the closure of The WB . Titles are listed in alphabetical order followed by the year of debut in parentheses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ee9c4b06e6b5407248a27c9fe207c11", "text": "List of Supergirl episodes Supergirl is an American superhero action-adventure drama television series developed by Ali Adler , Greg Berlanti and Andrew Kreisberg ( the latter two having previously created Arrow and The Flash ) that originally aired on CBS and premiered on October 26 , 2015 . It is based on the DC Comics character Supergirl ( Kara Zor-El ) , created by Otto Binder and Al Plastino , and stars Melissa Benoist in the title role . Supergirl is a costumed superheroine who is the biological cousin to Superman and one of the last surviving Kryptonians . The series was officially picked up on May 6 , 2015 , after receiving a series commitment in September 2014 , and received a full season order on November 30 , 2015 . On May 12 , 2016 , Warner Bros. . Television announced that the series had been renewed for a second season and that it would move from CBS to The CW . It debuted on October 10 , 2016 . On January 8 , 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a third season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "130b8c7d67768a7a7e04ed98d6992cae", "text": "List of Jane the Virgin episodes Jane the Virgin is an American comedy-drama television series that premiered on The CW on October 13 , 2014 . The series follows Jane Villanueva , a hard-working , religious young Latina woman whose family tradition and a vow to save her virginity until marriage is shattered when a doctor mistakenly artificially inseminates her during a checkup . To make matters worse , the biological donor is a married man , a former playboy and cancer survivor who is not only the new owner of the hotel where Jane works , but was also her former teenage crush . On October 21 , 2014 , the show was given a full season order . On January 11 , 2015 , the show was renewed for a second season , On March 11 , 2016 , the show was renewed for a third season . On January 8 , 2017 , the show was renewed for a fourth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492232bc2ead5426d9f0f2664f172215", "text": "A News (TV series) A News ( originally known as A-Channel News ) is the name of local newscasts on the A television system in Canada . A News programming was produced in markets which were not directly served by a local CTV News service . The cable-only A Atlantic service in Atlantic Canada did not produce its own A News programming , but instead presently airs CTV News programming from CTV Atlantic , although the station did produce a local morning show , Breakfast Television and was subsequently re-branded to CTV Morning Live on August 29 , 2011 , . Due to the effects of the 2009 economic crisis The A station in Ottawa cancelled all A News programming in March 2009 , but continued to produce a local morning show , A Morning which was also re-branded as CTV Morning Live on August 29 , 2011 . When A re-launched as CTV Two , on August 29 , 2011 , newscasts on the A stations were re-branded as CTV News and longer have separate identities , although the stations have retained the same editorial independence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9304371daeb89b3b82108d9f50a3e550", "text": "Shadowhunters Shadowhunters ( also known as Shadowhunters : The Mortal Instruments ) is an American fantasy television series that is loosely based on The Mortal Instruments by Cassandra Clare , and developed for television by Ed Decter . It is the second adaptation of the novel series , after the 2013 film The Mortal Instruments : City of Bones , which like Shadowhunters was produced by Constantin Film . The show received a straight-to-series order on March 30 , 2015 , and premiered on January 12 , 2016 on Freeform . In March 2016 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a second season of 20 episodes , which premiered on January 2 , 2017 . In April 2017 , it was announced that the series had been renewed for a third season of 20 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d279f78d3b29f0e4b4ef90f0893eb9d", "text": "The Vampire Diaries The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec , based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith . The series premiered on The CW on September 10 , 2009 and concluded on March 10 , 2017 , airing 171 episodes over eight seasons . The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006 . The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers . It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by Arrow . The show has received numerous award nominations , winning four People 's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards . On April 26 , 2013 , The CW officially announced that the spin-off The Originals , which focuses on the Original family of vampires , had been ordered to series , and the show began airing during the 2013 -- 14 American television season . On April 6 , 2015 , lead actress Nina Dobrev confirmed via Instagram that she and co-star Michael Trevino ( who plays Tyler Lockwood ) would be leaving the show after its sixth season . Dobrev returned to record a voiceover for the seventh-season finale . Trevino appeared as a guest star in season seven and returned for season 8 . On March 11 , 2016 , The CW renewed the series for an eighth season , but on July 23 , 2016 , announced that the eighth season , which would have 16 episodes , would be the show 's last . The final season began airing on October 21 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46ec35804aeb4bf710d85877a26f8b31", "text": "Arrow (season 2) The second season of the American television series Arrow premiered on The CW on October 10 , 2013 and concluded on May 14 , 2014 with a total of 23 episodes . The series is based on the DC Comics character Green Arrow , a costumed crime-fighter created by Mort Weisinger and George Papp . The showrunners for this season were Greg Berlanti , Marc Guggenheim and Andrew Kreisberg . This season introduces characters from The Flash , which was being developed as a potential spin-off at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd983ce80863b7f14f0bfce0a9e7e68", "text": "All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman . The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' . The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint . Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' . With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7bfc8c83bab3446c5682373fb9cee09", "text": "1977–78 United States network television schedule This was the television schedule on all three United States television networks for the fall season beginning in September 1977 . All times are Eastern and Pacific . New fall series are highlighted in bold . Series ending their original runs are in italics . Each of the 30 highest-rated shows is listed with its rank and rating as determined by Nielsen Media Research . Yellow indicates the programs in the top 10 for the season . Cyan indicates the programs in the top 20 for the season . Magenta indicates the programs in the top 30 for the season . PBS , the Public Broadcasting Service , was in operation , but the schedule was set by each local station . On ABC , debuting news brief , airs all seven nights at 9:58 , pm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "614fbcb7de077d2e55090f6b69874569", "text": "TV One (U.S. TV network) TV One ( stylized as TV ONΞ ) is an American digital cable and satellite television network that is owned by Urban One ( formerly Radio One until May 8 , 2017 ) , having acquired Comcast 's stake in the TV network in 2015 . Headquartered in Silver Spring , Maryland , TV One 's programming targets African American adults with a broad mix of original lifestyle and entertainment-oriented series , documentaries , movies , concert performances and reruns of sitcoms from the 1970s through the 2000s . As of February 2015 , TV One is available to approximately 57 million pay television households ( 48.9 % of households with at least one television set ) in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff73368449b1f3bf9c6b7344d6b405be", "text": "Geoff Johns Geoff Johns ( born January 25 , 1973 ) is an American comic book and television writer , film producer , and television producer . He is the president and Chief Creative Officer at DC Comics ; he has served in the latter position since 2010 . His most notable work in different media has used the DC Comics characters Green Lantern , Aquaman , Flash , and Superman . He is well known for his work on The WB/The CW 's Smallville , Arrow and The Flash . He is also a comic book retailer who co-owns Earth-2 Comics in Northridge , California with Carr D'Angelo and Jud Meyers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5e96ca70465c7ca2ed226b46cc55a9a", "text": "Broken Arrow (band) Broken Arrow is a band from Los Angeles , California composed of American singer/songwriter , Brandi Emma , and Scottish singer/songwriter , Charlie Clark . The pair 's first single , `` Promises '' , was produced by Snow Patrol bassist , Paul Wilson . It was released on Indiscretion Records via Manimal Vinyl on March 18 , 2016 . BBC Radio Scotland debuted the single on March 7 , 2016 . Billboard magazine premiered the music video for Promises on Billboard.com on March 28 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12915c7525b7ddce3a488696675d23cd", "text": "1994 United States broadcast TV realignment The 1994 United States broadcast television realignment consisted of a series of events , primarily involving affiliation switches between television stations , that resulted from a multimillion-dollar deal between the Fox Broadcasting Company ( commonly known as simply Fox ) and New World Communications , a media company that -- through its then-recently formed broadcasting division -- owned several VHF television stations affiliated with major broadcast television networks , primarily CBS . The major impetus for the changes was to allow Fox to improve its local affiliate coverage , in preparation for the commencement of its rights to the National Football Conference ( NFC ) television package , which the National Football League ( NFL ) awarded to the fledgling network in December 1993 . As a result of various other deals that followed as a result of the affiliation switches created by the deal between Fox and New World , most notably the buyout of CBS by Westinghouse , the switches constituted some of the most sweeping changes in American television history . As a result of this realignment , Fox ascended to the status of a major television network , comparable in influence to the Big Three television networks ( CBS , NBC and ABC ) . Nearly 70 stations in 30 media markets throughout the United States changed affiliations starting in September 1994 and continuing through September 1996 ( although an additional affiliation switch would occur in February 1997 , through the launch of an upstart station that gained its network partner through one of the ancillary deals ) , which -- along with the concurrent January 1995 launches of The WB Television Network ( a joint venture between Time Warner , the Tribune Company and the network 's founding chief executive officer , Jamie Kellner ) and the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) ( founded by Chris-Craft/United Television , through a programming partnership with Paramount Television ) , both of which affiliated with certain stations that lost their previous network partners through the various affiliation agreements -- marked some of the most expansive changes ever to have occurred in American television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f58197d17b2aef325827f21095ea646", "text": "20th Television Twentieth Television ( or 20TV , stylized as 20th Television ) is an American television syndication studio and the syndication arm of 20th Century Fox Television itself a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7acf637e32b15e46a7eb0a28ec2d4ba7", "text": "Bolts and Blip Bolts and Blip is a Canadian-South Korean computer-animated television series aired on Teletoon from 2010 to 2011 . The show used to air on 3net at 10:30 am on Sundays until 3net shut down the broadcast on August 12 , 2014 . Bolts & Blip joined The CW 's Saturday Morning block Vortexx on July 13 , 2013 at 8:30 am and was the only airing Bolts & Blip on that block in the USA since 3net shut down their broadcast . It is no longer airing as of Vortexx 's cancellation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670", "text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67d6a60734b1f5dcd97f84906607fa87", "text": "Commander in Chief (TV series) Commander in Chief is an American drama television series that focused on the fictional administration and family of Mackenzie Allen ( portrayed by Geena Davis ) , the first female President of the United States , who ascends to the post from the Vice Presidency after the death of the sitting President from a sudden cerebral aneurysm . The series began broadcasting on ABC on Tuesday , September 27 , 2005 , at 9 p.m. Eastern Time , although most countries outside North America began screening the series in mid-2006 . The show was # 1 on Tuesday nights until FOX 's American Idol started in January . The show was also the # 1 new show of the season until CBS ' Criminal Minds surpassed it . Its major competitor in the 9:00 p.m. timeslot was FOX 's House , which aired after American Idol . The series was created by American director Rod Lurie , director of the films The Contender and Deterrence , and may have been inspired by The West Wing , a popular political drama on rival NBC . The network replaced Lurie with Steven Bochco as show runner , but after he failed to increase ratings he was also replaced with Dee Johnson while further declining ratings brought about a hiatus , a timeslot change and ultimately cancellation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64d78af8798b23a8edd83e91db8d51d9", "text": "Girls (TV series) Girls is an American television series that premiered on HBO on April 15 , 2012 . Created by and starring Lena Dunham and executive produced by Judd Apatow , Girls is a comedy-drama following the lives of four young women living in New York City . The show 's premise and major aspects of the main character were drawn from Dunham 's own life . The series has received a positive response from critics and consistent accolades , including the 2013 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy . Girls sixth and final season concluded on April 16 , 2017 , with a total of 62 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e126b4921aa0d543deebf7c8227bbf6", "text": "DC Super Hero Girls: Super Hero High DC Super Hero Girls : Super Hero High ( also known as Super Hero High in United States ) is a 2016 American animated Superhero family Comedy-drama television film based on the DC Super Hero Girls franchise . It was created to promote the new DC Super Hero Girls franchise and aired on Boomerang on March 19 , 2016 in the United States as well as on Boomerang UK on May 21 , 2016 in the United Kingdom and Ireland . Also , Cartoon Network aired this show again on April 30 , 2016 and June 5 , 2016 in the US and has subsequently made it available on its website .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5432927f57c9bf13f9d1849b3b7c2154", "text": "Arrow Caz! Arrow Caz is a national Dutch commercial radio station . The station is owned by Arrow and only aired even over the Internet .", "title": "" } ]
fever
07e0ddc81847ef354afc261b3260095b
The Who included Zak Starkey as drummer.
[ { "docid": "226d2319de4af734e009009eef1e377e", "text": "The Who The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964 . Their classic line-up consisted of lead singer Roger Daltrey , guitarist and singer Pete Townshend , bass guitarist John Entwistle , and drummer Keith Moon . They are considered one of the most influential rock bands of the 20th century , selling over 100 million records worldwide and holding a reputation for their live shows and studio work . The Who developed from an earlier group , the Detours , and established themselves as part of the pop art and mod movements , featuring auto-destructive art by destroying guitars and drums on stage . Their first single as the Who , `` I Ca n't Explain '' , reached the UK top ten , followed by a string of singles including `` My Generation '' , `` Substitute '' and `` Happy Jack '' . In 1967 , they performed at the Monterey Pop Festival and released the US top ten single `` I Can See for Miles '' , while touring extensively . The group 's fourth album , 1969 's rock opera Tommy , included the single `` Pinball Wizard '' and was a critical and commercial success . Live appearances at Woodstock and the Isle of Wight Festival , along with the live album Live at Leeds , cemented their reputation as a respected rock act . With their success came increased pressure on lead songwriter and visionary Townshend , and the follow-up to Tommy , Lifehouse , was abandoned . Songs from the project made up 1971 's Who 's Next , which included the hit `` Wo n't Get Fooled Again '' . The group released the album Quadrophenia in 1973 as a celebration of their mod roots , and oversaw the film adaptation of Tommy in 1975 . They continued to tour to large audiences before semi-retiring from live performances at the end of 1976 . The release of Who Are You in 1978 was overshadowed by the death of Moon shortly after . Kenney Jones replaced Moon and the group resumed activity , releasing a film adaptation of Quadrophenia and the retrospective documentary The Kids Are Alright . After Townshend became weary of touring , the group split in 1982 . The Who occasionally re-formed for live appearances such as Live Aid in 1985 , a 25th anniversary tour in 1989 and a tour of Quadrophenia in 1996 -- 1997 . They resumed regular touring in 1999 , with drummer Zak Starkey . After Entwistle 's death in 2002 , plans for a new album were delayed . Townshend and Daltrey continued as the Who , releasing Endless Wire in 2006 , and continued to play live regularly . The Who 's major contributions to rock music include the development of the Marshall stack , large PA systems , use of the synthesizer , Entwistle and Moon 's lead playing styles , Townshend 's feedback and power chord guitar technique , and the development of the rock opera . They are cited as an influence by hard rock , punk rock and mod bands , and their songs still receive regular exposure .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "348dab40b92213d958990ab643831351", "text": "Bill Curbishley William George `` Bill '' Curbishley ( born 13 March 1942 , London ) is an English music and film producer and band manager , best known for his work with English rock groups The Who and Judas Priest , as well as artists Jimmy Page and Robert Plant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f6ae69f8c76e63068cd3234b26edb39", "text": "Simon Phillips (drummer) Simon Phillips ( born 6 February 1957 ) is an English jazz , pop and rock drummer and producer , best known for his studio and session work with seminal English rock acts throughout the 1970s and 1980s . Phillips first started to play professionally at the age of twelve in his father 's Dixieland band for four years . Phillips was the drummer on the 1976 LP 801 Live with Phil Manzanera and Brian Eno . He is also a prolific session drummer , having played for Jeff Beck , The Who , Judas Priest , Tears for Fears , Mike Oldfield and Gary Moore , among others . He was The Who 's drummer in their 1989 American reunion tour . He has released four of his own solo albums . Phillips joined Toto in 1992 after Jeff Porcaro died during rehearsals for an upcoming tour . On January 26 , 2014 Phillips left Toto to focus on his own career . He was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fcf65f243e69a9bad26aadb54982088", "text": "After the Fire (song) `` After the Fire '' is a song from the solo album Under a Raging Moon released by Roger Daltrey of The Who . The song was written by Pete Townshend , also of The Who . It was considered a hit for Daltrey receiving extensive play on MTV . The song was played during the second season finale of Miami Vice during a flashback scene . The song was originally planned to be played by The Who at Live Aid . However the band committed last minute and was unable to rehearse the song . So it was given to Daltrey to record for Under a Raging Moon . The recording was produced by Alan Shacklock and recorded at RAK Recording Studios and Odyssey Studios , London . The album Under a Raging Moon was released on the Atlantic label ( 81269-1 ) in the U.S. in 1985 , and singles were also released in other countries in the same year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d6422bd2533749ede1efda0ee044efd", "text": "Martin France Martin France ( born 1964 in Rainham -- then in Kent ) is an English drummer based in London . He has been the rhythmic backbone on more than 100 albums working with some of the world 's finest musicians . `` Combining fluid groove playing with powerhouse virtuosity , Martin has been the driving rhythmic force behind Loose Tubes , Kenny Wheeler Big Band , Delightful Precipice and most recently his own band Spin Marvel . In-demand as a Jazz and Session player , Martin is also a notable exponent of electronic drums . '' Throughout a career spanning over thirty five years Martin France has performed and recorded with some of the world 's finest and creative musicians . He has performed in all five continents including concerts and tours in over forty countries worldwide . He is currently Professor of Jazz -- Drums/Percussion at the Royal Academy of Music in London . Martin began performing at the age of twelve backing singers in Working Men 's clubs with Organ trios in and around Manchester in the North of England . He studied under Geoff Riley , Richard Smith -- Principal Percussionist with the Halle Orchestra and Kenny Clare in London . After moving to London in 1983 he began his recording career performing on several records for Manfred Eicher 's ECM label . He has since gone on to record over one hundred CD 's for a variety of different artists since his ECM debut . He has been invited to perform with many orchestras such as the London Symphony Orchestra , Britten Sinfonia , London Sinfonietta , BBC Concert Orchestra , National Symphony Orchestra of Wales , Liverpool Philharmonic , City of London Sinfonia , Royal Scottish National Orchestra , BBC Radio Big Band , BBC Philharmonic , Orchestre Philharmonique du Luxembourg , ASKO Ensemble -- Amsterdam , Danish Radio Big Band -- Copenhagen , Bergen Radio Big Band -- Norway , HR Big Band -- Frankfurt , WDR Symphony Orchestra -- Cologne , MDR Sinfonieorchester Leipzig , Duisburg Philharmonic Orchestra , The European Jazz Orchestra -- Portugal . He is also a regular performer with NDR Big Band in Hamburg . He has been active for many years as a studio musician in London performing on numerous recording sessions with many of the world 's leading composers , conductors and arrangers for both European and American Film and TV productions . He is also involved in composing music for KPM/EMI Music in London , the music from which has been used extensively for worldwide TV and commercial broadcast . Along the way Martin has performed and recorded with some of the world 's most diverse and finest musicians including Elvis Costello , Evan Parker , David Gilmour , John Taylor , Kenny Wheeler , Ralph Towner , John Dankworth , Lee Konitz , Dave Holland , Arild Anderson , Marc Johnson , Steve Swallow , Bob Mintzer and The Yellowjackets , Norma Winstone , Nils-Petter Molvaer , Bugge Wesseltoft , Arve Henriksen , Mike Gibbs , Maria Schneider , Gwilym Simcock , Sidsel Endresen , John Paul Jones , Stephen Warbeck , Anders Jormin , Victor Bailey , Eivind Aarset , J. Peter Schwalm , Charles Hazelwood , Palle Danielsson , June Tabor , Claire Martin , Dave McKean , David Binney , Adam Rogers , Django Bates , Jason Rebello , Joanna MacGregor , Liane Carroll , Charlie Mariano , Charles Hazlewood , Paul Englishby , John Surman , Joe Lovano and Mark Feldman to name but a few . His pioneering use of electronic and sequenced Drums/Percussion has resulted in performances and recording sessions for many contrasting musical projects for a variety of artists . He has also released two critically acclaimed CD 's with his own band -- Spin Marvel . They recently performed a `` return '' performance at Cheltenham Jazz Festival in the UK with the line up featuring amongst others Nils-Petter Molvaer ( tpt ) and John Paul Jones ( bass ) of Led Zeppelin fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bdc06eb661a810968a08380d9a956298", "text": "The Who Tour 2004 The Who embarked upon a series of live shows in 2004 , including the band 's first ever performances in Japan and their first in Australia since 1968 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83ad9c19b66ee6698f966bf4bab0e64b", "text": "Stand! Stand ! is a 1969 album by soul/funk band Sly and the Family Stone . Written and produced by lead singer and multi-instrumentalist Sly Stone , Stand ! is considered an artistic high-point of the band 's career . Released on May 3 by Epic Records , just before the group 's celebrated performance at the Woodstock festival , it was the band 's fourth album , and most commercially successful to date . It includes several well-known songs , among them hit singles , such as `` Sing a Simple Song '' , `` I Want to Take You Higher '' , `` Stand ! '' , and `` Everyday People '' . It was published in US as an LP record with gatefold cover , and was reissued in 1990 on vinyl and CD and in 2007 as a remastered numbered edition digipack CD with bonus tracks and , in the UK , only as a CD with bonus tracks . 500,000 copies of the album were sold in the year of its release : it was certified gold in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America on December 4 , 1969 , went on to sell over three million copies and became one of the most successful albums of the 1960s . By 1986 it had sold well over 1 million copies and was certified platinum in sales by the RIAA on November 26 of that same year . In 2003 the album was ranked number 118 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time . In 2015 , the album was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and selected for inclusion in the National Recording Registry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d43f4a60cf77fd129d59625851bc8951", "text": "Slowdive discography The discography of Slowdive , an English alternative rock band , consists of four studio albums , three compilation albums , five extended plays , five singles , four music videos and various compilation releases . Slowdive were formed in Reading in late 1989 by vocalist -- guitarists Neil Halstead and Rachel Goswell . The duo recruited guitarist Christian Savill , bassist Nick Chaplin and drummer Adrian Sell -- who left the band after they signed to Creation Records and before the release of their eponymous EP Slowdive in 1990 . Released to critical acclaim from the alternative press , Slowdive was succeeded by a further two EPs , Morningrise and Holding Our Breath ( 1991 ) , both of which placed in the UK Singles Chart ; Holding Our Breath reached number 5 on the Independent Singles Chart . The band 's debut studio album , Just for a Day , was released in September 1991 to poor reviews , due in part to the British press ' growing disillusion with the shoegazing genre . However , Just for a Day was a minor independent success , peaking at number 3 on the Independent Albums Chart and gaining Slowdive a significant following in the United States . In 1993 , under pressure from Creation to produce a commercial-sounding album , Slowdive recruited ambient innovator Brian Eno and began producing new material . Souvlaki was released in May 1993 alongside the Outside Your Room EP ; both received similarly negative reviews but placed in the mainstream and independent charts , with Souvlaki peaking at number 52 on the UK Albums Chart . A follow-up EP , 5 , was released in November 1993 and placed at number 87 in the UK Singles Chart , however following a tour in support of its release drummer Simon Scott left the band due to creative differences . Slowdive 's third and final studio album , Pygmalion , was released in February 1995 . Halstead had dominated the recording process , with the album only featuring minor contributions by Goswell and Ian McCutcheon , the band 's new drummer . Reviews for Pygmalion were more favourable than the band 's preceding releases and the album peaked at number 108 in the UK Albums Chart , however Creation were unsatisfied and dropped Slowdive two weeks after its release . Following Slowdive 's disbandment in 1995 , Halstead , Goswell and McCutcheon formed Mojave 3 . The band reformed in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "605de358c0a0f9b3a271bca0c631e93a", "text": "Ranking Roger Ranking Roger ( born Roger Charlery , 21 February 1963 ) is a British musician . He was a vocalist in the 1980s two-tone band , The Beat ( known in the U.S. as The English Beat ) and later General Public . He currently leads a re-formed Beat line-up with drummer Everett Morton . The `` Ranking '' moniker is short for `` Top Ranking '' or `` High Ranking , '' and is a boast typical of many MCs . Roger was born in Birmingham , England , the son of Jean Baptiste Charlery . He became a punk rock fan as a teenager and joined ska revival pioneers The Beat in the late 1970s . He had appeared on stage toasting and singing with them many times before officially joining the band . His energetic style and Jamaican-influenced vocals , paired with Dave Wakeling were crucial in distinguishing the band from the other second-wave ska bands . The Beat released three albums : the critically acclaimed and seminal I Just Ca n't Stop It ( 1980 ) , Wha ` ppen ? ( 1981 ) and Special Beat Service ( 1982 ) . After The Beat 's 1983 break-up , he and Wakeling formed General Public with Mickey Billingham and Andy `` Stoker '' Growcott of Dexys Midnight Runners and Horace Panter of The Specials . They released the album All the Rage , aided by the single `` Tenderness '' . In 1986 they released Hand to Mouth which was significantly less successful , and the band soon split up . In 1995 Roger and Wakeling reformed General Public with a new supporting band , and released the album `` Rub It Better '' . Roger and Wakeling also worked on various projects and reunited for the Threesome soundtrack , recording a cover of `` I 'll Take You There '' . Roger has also released two solo albums . 1988 's Radical Departure album included band members Horace Panter and Fuzz Townshend . On 2001 's Inside my Head album , Roger pursued a more dance/electronic sound , including the song `` Muscle Ska '' that was co-written with Neville Staple of The Specials . In the early 1990s , Roger joined members of The Specials to form the new band Special Beat which released two live albums . In 1996 Roger sang back-up and toasting on the new version of `` The Bed 's Too Big Without You '' on Sting 's `` Let Your Soul Be Your Pilot '' CD-Maxi single . The rock band Smash Mouth featured Roger on their song `` You Are My Number One '' in 2003 . Roger collaborated with Pato Banton in 1987 on the song `` Pato and Roger Come Again '' . Included on Banton 's album Never Give In , the song was a follow-up to an earlier collaboration by the two singers on `` Pato and Roger a Go Talk '' , which appeared on Special Beat Service . Roger joined Banton again in 1995 on `` Bubbling Hot '' , which reached # 15 on the UK single charts . Ranking Roger 's son , Matthew Murphy -- ` Ranking Junior ' , has followed in his father 's footsteps . In 2005 , he appeared on The Ordinary Boys ' hit single `` Boys Will Be Boys '' . In 2003 , The Beat 's original line-up , minus Cox and Steele , played a sold-out one-off gig at the Royal Festival Hall . In 2005 , The Beat re-formed , counting Roger and Everett Morton of the original line-up , with Ranking Junior also on vocals . The Beat performed at Glastonbury the same year with new material written by Ranking Junior . The band is said to have the blessing of Cox , Steele and Saxa . Roger appeared on two tracks ` Future Dub ' and ` Come Around ' from the 2008/9 album ` Turning Point ' by Snakestyle . Roger sang on `` Roxanne '' on stage with The Police on their 2007 world tour , and has regularly recorded with Sting . He was also a guest performer on Big Audio Dynamite 's seventh album , Higher Power , in 1994 , when the band were known as simply ` Big Audio ' . He later became a member of Big Audio Dynamite for their final studio album Entering a New Ride ( 1997 ) . Roger has four sisters : Greta , Annie , Sandra , and Equilar , who was a backing singer for him . He also has a half brother and sister , Kevin and Sarah Charlery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c1295971a7e2a99118632ea5bbac2f7", "text": "The Who Tour 1974 The Who Tour 1974 was The Who 's second concert tour supporting their latest album , Quadrophenia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27fb64005e610acdccbfbad005e9a90f", "text": "List of Judas Priest band members Judas Priest are an English heavy metal band from Birmingham . Formed in 1969 , the group originally featured vocalist Al Atkins , guitarist Ernest Chataway , bassist Bruno Stapenhill and John Partridge on drums . After that line-up split , 1970 , Atkins joined Freight band members guitarist K. K. Downing , bassist Ian Hill and drummer John Ellis . The band changed lineup a number of times before the release of their first album -- Ellis was replaced by Alan Moore in 1971 , who himself was replaced by Chris Campbell before the end of the year . John Hinch replaced Campbell in 1973 , and with the addition of second guitarist Glenn Tipton in 1974 the band recorded their debut album Rocka Rolla . Shortly after the release of Rocka Rolla , Hinch left the band and was replaced by the returning Moore for Sad Wings of Destiny . Moore departed after the album 's release , with the drums on follow-up Sin After Sin performed by session drummer Simon Phillips . Les Binks performed on Stained Class and Killing Machine , before being replaced by Dave Holland in 1979 . The band 's lineup remained stable for around ten years , recording six albums until Scott Travis replaced Holland for the album Painkiller . Halford left the band in 1992 after the promotional tour for Painkiller . After a short hiatus , Judas Priest returned in 1996 with Tim `` Ripper '' Owens in place of Halford . Owens recorded two albums with the band , 1997 's Jugulator and 2001 's Demolition , before he was replaced by the returning Halford in 2003 . In April 2011 , it was announced that founding member Downing had left the band , and that he had been replaced by Richie Faulkner . The guitarist 's departure was reportedly due to differences with other band members and management . Faulkner 's first album with the band was 2014 's Redeemer of Souls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9edb62bf3c6a61bcd43a73b744948047", "text": "The Who Tour 1971 The Who Tour 1971 was a series of performances and tours by The Who in which they performed material from Pete Townshend 's rock opera Lifehouse , much of which would then appear on their 1971 album Who 's Next .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "134709d780879ef30c19b62bd67743b3", "text": "Getting in Tune `` Getting in Tune '' is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by the Who on their 1971 album Who 's Next . It was originally written as part of Townshend 's abandoned Lifehouse project . Its lyrics describe the power of music , as well as reflect the inner contradictions Townshend was feeling at the time between his spiritual needs and his persona as a rock star . The music incorporates a number of changes in tempo and has been praised by critics for its use of dynamics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7a3fd12d5ae3dbc7ad56efcb79c57a5", "text": "Be Lucky `` Be Lucky '' is a song by The Who , written by Pete Townshend and recorded for the band 's compilation album The Who Hits 50 ! released in 2014 and for their proposed 2017 new album . The song is the first new material released by The Who in the eight years since their 2006 studio album Endless Wire . The royalties from `` Be Lucky '' benefited Teen Cancer America , a US outgrowth of Roger Daltrey 's successful UK charity , the Teenage Cancer Trust .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69683b749afe46ba5581c84a4bb6cf83", "text": "Steve Starkey Steve Starkey is an American film producer and second unit director who is widely associated with Robert Zemeckis . He served as an assistant film editor for both The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90bdec19ce0d9b8a212f8783ff6e9b57", "text": "Laughing Stock (album) Laughing Stock is the fifth and final studio album by British post-rock band Talk Talk . Following on from their previous release Spirit of Eden ( 1988 ) , and the departure of bassist Paul Webb , which reduced the band to the duo of Mark Hollis and Lee Harris , Talk Talk acrimoniously left EMI and signed to the jazz-based Verve Records , and recorded Laughing Stock at Wessex Sound Studios , London , with producer Tim Friese-Greene and engineer Phill Brown from September 1990 -- April 1991 . Like its predecessor , Spirit of Eden , the album featured improvised instrumentation from a large ensemble of musicians , including as many as seven violists on occasion , and the lyrical themes are often religious . Tape Op magazine ran an extensive article detailing the demanding recording sessions , marked by Mark Hollis ' perfectionist tendencies , and his use of candles and incense to set the mood . Engineer Phill Brown stated that the album , like its predecessor , was `` recorded by chance , accident , and hours of trying every possible overdub idea . '' However , compared to prior Talk Talk albums , Brown noted that `` Laughing Stock is a different beast . I am very proud of the album , it 's probably one of my best projects ... . but I find it dark and claustrophobic . '' Pitchfork named it the eleventh best album of the 1990s , saying it `` makes its own environment and becomes more than the sum of its sounds . '' The band split up following its release , effectively making Laughing Stock their last official release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ca8e6ef4929c6baf748089bc520c3b8", "text": "Starkey (surname) Starkey is a surname , and may refer to : Dan Starkey , British actor David Starkey , English historian and television presenter David Starkey ( maritime historian ) at the University of Hull Dean Starkey , American pole vaulter George Starkey ( alchemist ) , English-American James Leslie Starkey ( 1895-1938 ) , Archaeologist Jim Starkey , database architect Joe Starkey , American sports announcer Maureen Starkey Tigrett ( 1946 -- 1994 ) , first wife of Ringo Starr Phyllis Starkey , English politician Ringo Starr ( born 1940 ) , British musician of The Beatles , born Richard Starkey Thomas Starkey , English humanist writer Zak Starkey ( born 1965 ) , English musician , son of Ringo Starr Starkey Baronets , a family in Nottingham , England", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3", "text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471dfc6f1e5e254d72aa1a99f2ba9a19", "text": "Beaver & Krause Beaver & Krause were a musical duo made up of Paul Beaver and Bernie Krause . Their 1967 album The Nonesuch Guide to Electronic Music was a pioneering work in the electronic music genre . Beaver introduced Monkees singer-drummer Micky Dolenz to the Moog , which became a featured instrument on the fourth Monkees album , Pisces , Aquarius , Capricorn & Jones Ltd. , and Beaver himself performed on one track , `` Star Collector '' in 1967 . In addition , he led workshops at the Beaver & Krause LA studio attended by a who 's who of film composers and session keyboardists of the time . In June 1967 , Beaver and Krause set up a booth at the Monterey Pop Festival , demonstrating their newly purchased electronic synthesiser , one of the first constructed by Bob Moog . Thanks to their demonstrations of the Moog at Monterey , Beaver and Krause also introduced the instrument to a number of other leading American pop acts including The Doors , Simon & Garfunkel and The Byrds , helping to create the vogue for the Moog that emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s . Krause introduced the instrument first to Sir George Martin , producer of the Beatles , and then to George Harrison during Harrison 's 1968 visit to California while producing the Apple artist , Jackie Lomax . He used it to generate his 1969 free-form solo Electronic Sound album for Apple Records ' spinoff label Zapple , with the first side of the disc consisting of not only Krause 's composition , but also his performance -- one that remained completely unacknowledged and uncompensated for . In 1968 , Beaver and Krause released an album for Mercury Records imprint Limelight Records , Ragnarok , then released a series of three albums for Warner Brothers Records , In a Wild Sanctuary ( 1970 ) , Gandharva ( 1971 ) and All Good Men ( 1972 ) , effectively creating both the electronica and New Age musical movements . The final chord of the track `` Spaced '' from their album , In a Wild Sanctuary , is abnormally similar to the later synthesizer THX Sound Logo heard for years in movie theaters and named deep note . The THX performance conveniently begins on the same first note ( a G pedal tone ) , splits into an 8-tone glissando with four notes rising and four descending , and ends on the same open ( D Major ) chord . Despite THX 's contention that it was not directly influenced by Beaver and Krause , no other musical rendering of that kind can be found over the entire course of musical history . Both Mike Bloomfield and Ronnie Montrose played guitar on the Beaver & Krause song `` Saga Of The Blue Beaver '' . The duo ended with Beaver 's premature death in January , 1975 , at age 49 . Krause released at least two more solo albums : Citadels of Mystery in 1979 and Gorillas in the Mix in 1988 . He also scored music and/or effects for many movies like Apocalypse Now on synthesizer . In 1995 Krause released an album of Holiday music with Phil Aaberg composed entirely of sampled animal noises recorded in the wild titled A Wild Christmas . Since earning his Ph.D. in Creative ( Sound ) Arts with an internship in bioacoustics ( 1981 ) , Krause has specialized almost exclusively in the recording and archiving of natural soundscapes from wild habitats worldwide and has been a major influence in the introduction to bioacoustics of the fields of soundscape ecology and ecoacoustics . In 2014 , Krause collaborated with Richard Blackford , former composer-in-residence at Balliol College Oxford , to compose a symphony titled , The Great Animal Orchestra Symphony for Orchestra and Wild Soundscapes , commissioned and performed by the BBC National Orchestra of Wales . Echoing the pioneering ecoacoustic approach in Beaver & Krause 's In A Wild Sanctuary , the symphony featured the first full orchestration combining wild soundscapes performed live as a component of orchestration . In 2015 , Blackford and Krause were commissioned by the Alonzo King LINES Ballet , an internationally known corps based in San Francisco , to score the ballet , Biophony , which premiered in April of that year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ccd2369d12c7daeac3a2970f0abc509", "text": "Doctor Who (pinball) Doctor Who is a pinball machine designed by Bill Pfutzenreuter ( Pfutz ) and Barry Oursler , and released by Midway ( under the Bally brand name ) in September 1992 . It is based on the television series of the same name , although the relationship of spinoff media to the parent series is open to question . As stated in the Gameplay section , the rulesheet is rather different from other pinball machines released at the time , which did n't help popularity ( and even now it is still seen as an exotic machine amongst collectors ) as casual players did not understand the complex rule changes that occur during the game . The first 100 games included a moving Dalek topper that would turn side-to-side while the robot was speaking . The effect was achieved by fitting the robot 's body with a complex motor , cam , and optoelectronics system . Its complexity and expense lead to it being cut from the production run . Production Dalek toppers can be made to move with `` wobble head kits '' . Prototypes featured the old Bally-style backbox ( and a totally different backglass ) , but this was changed to the Williams-styled one in order to cheapen the production process for both product lines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b32475d6402502fd34652dca9c95341", "text": "Iron Maiden discography The discography of Iron Maiden , a British heavy metal band founded in 1975 by bassist Steve Harris , includes sixteen studio albums , as well as numerous live albums , compilations , EPs , singles , video albums , music videos , and box sets . After several auditions and changes , the final lineup consisted of vocalist Paul Di'Anno , guitarists Dave Murray and Dennis Stratton , and drummer Clive Burr . They released their self-titled debut album in 1980 ; quickly becoming one of the leading proponents of the new wave of British heavy metal movement . Guitarist Adrian Smith replaced Stratton , and a `` consistent highlight '' , Killers , was released in 1981 . Later that year , vocalist Bruce Dickinson replaced Paul Di'Anno , marking the beginning of a series of top-ten high-impact releases . They issued `` the 1982 masterpiece '' , The Number of the Beast , becoming the band 's first release to top the UK charts , and received a platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America . Drummer Nicko McBrain replaced Clive Burr , and the band released Piece of Mind in 1983 , followed by a `` true heavy metal achievement '' , Powerslave ( 1984 ) . Iron Maiden broadened their sound with the use of guitar synthesisers in Somewhere in Time ( 1986 ) . Their following concept album , Seventh Son of a Seventh Son , was released in 1988 , and also topped the UK charts . The line-up remained unchanged until Adrian Smith left the band during the pre-production stage of their last gold-certified album in the US , No Prayer for the Dying ( 1990 ) ; he was replaced by Janick Gers . Their next UK No. 1 album , Fear of the Dark , was released in 1992 , after which Dickinson left the band in the following year . His replacement , Blaze Bayley , debuted in 1995 with The X Factor , `` a lackluster '' album that marked a decline in the band 's career . The diminished fan interest in 1998 with Virtual XI prompted Bayley 's departure . Dickinson and Smith returned to the band in 1999 , and a new album , Brave New World , was issued in 2000 . Three years later , Dance of Death was released , which marked `` a triumphant return to form '' . In 2006 they released `` a more elaborate and meandering '' album , A Matter of Life and Death , which received , along with their two previous studio releases , a gold certification by the BPI . In 2010 , Iron Maiden issued The Final Frontier , which was positively received by critics , and debuted at No. 1 in over twenty-eight countries , including the United Kingdom . Their sixteenth studio effort , The Book of Souls , was released on 4 September 2015 and became their fifth UK No. 1 album . Overall , the band have reputedly sold between 80 and 100 million albums worldwide .", "title": "" } ]
fever
fdbf00b71a97eb2c6dec5be89c983943
Cricket is followed in a region of Europe.
[ { "docid": "bab90d212879b2d098d2387babc67f1e", "text": "Great Britain Great Britain , also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe . With an area of 209,331 km2 , Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles , the largest European island , and the ninth-largest island in the world . In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people , making it the world 's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan . The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it , and together these islands , along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands , comprise the British Isles archipelago . The island is dominated by a maritime climate with quite narrow temperature differences between seasons . Politically , the island is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , and constitutes most of its territory . Most of England , Scotland , and Wales are on the island . The term `` Great Britain '' often extends to include surrounding islands that form part of England , Scotland , and Wales , and is also sometimes loosely applied to the UK as a whole . A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England ( which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales ) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union . More than a hundred years before , in 1603 , King James VI , King of Scots , had inherited the throne of England , but it was not until 1707 that the two countries ' parliaments agreed to form a political union . In 1801 , Great Britain united with the neighbouring Kingdom of Ireland , forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , which was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c55e33d5f5a95c5ed7cdf85b5c89ad06", "text": "Cricket Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a cricket field , at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard-long pitch with a wicket ( a set of three wooden stumps ) at each end . One team bats , attempting to score as many runs as possible , whilst their opponents field . Each phase of play is called an innings . After either ten batsmen have been dismissed or a fixed number of overs have been completed , the innings ends and the two teams then swap roles . The winning team is the one that scores the most runs , including any extras gained , during their innings . At the start of each game , two batsmen and eleven fielders enter the field of play . The play begins when a member of the fielding team , known as the bowler , delivers the ball from one end of the pitch to the other , towards the wicket at that end , in front of which stands one of the batsmen , known as the striker . The striker `` takes guard '' on a crease drawn on the pitch four feet in front of the wicket . His role is to prevent the ball from hitting the stumps by use of his bat , and simultaneously to strike it well enough to score runs . The other batsman , known as the non-striker , waits at the opposite end of the pitch near the bowler . A dismissed batsman must leave the field , and a teammate replaces him . The bowler 's objectives are to prevent the scoring of runs and to dismiss the batsman . An over is a set of six deliveries bowled by the same bowler . The next over is bowled from the other end of the pitch by a different bowler . The most common forms of dismissal are bowled , when the bowler hits the stumps directly with the ball ; leg before wicket , when the batsman prevents the ball from hitting the stumps with his body instead of his bat ; and caught , when the batsman hits the ball into the air and it is intercepted by a fielder before touching the ground . Runs are scored by two main methods : either by hitting the ball hard enough for it to cross the boundary , or by the two batsmen swapping ends by each simultaneously running the length of the pitch in opposite directions whilst the fielders are retrieving the ball . If a fielder retrieves the ball quickly enough to put down the wicket with a batsman not having reached the crease at that end of the pitch , that batsman is dismissed ( a run-out occurs ) . Adjudication is performed on the field by two umpires . The laws of cricket are maintained by the International Cricket Council ( ICC ) and the Marylebone Cricket Club ( MCC ) . There are various formats ranging from Twenty20 , played over a few hours with each team having a single innings of 20 overs ( i.e. 120 deliveries ) , to Test cricket , played over five days with unlimited overs and the teams playing two innings apiece . Traditionally cricketers play in all-white kit , but in limited overs cricket they wear club or team colours . In addition to the basic kit , some players wear protective gear to prevent injury caused by the ball , which is a hard , solid object made of compressed leather enclosing a cork core . Although cricket 's origins are uncertain , it is first recorded in south-east England in the 16th century . It spread globally with the expansion of the British Empire , leading to the first international matches in the mid-19th century . ICC , the game 's governing body , has over 100 members , ten of which are full members who play Test cricket . The sport is followed primarily in Australasia , Britain , the Indian subcontinent , southern Africa and the West Indies . Women 's cricket , which is organised and played separately , has also achieved international standard .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4cd7ed3332efdf82b7941490d9c758b4", "text": "1756 English cricket season The 1756 cricket season was the 159th in England since the earliest known definite reference to cricket in January 1597 ( i.e. , Old Style -- 1598 New Style ) . Details have survived of five important eleven-a-side and one single wicket matches . The season may be said to mark the beginning of the so-called `` Hambledon Era '' . The Hambledon team , then probably run by a parish organisation rather than the famous club which is believed to have been formed in about 1765 , makes its first recorded appearances in three matches against Dartford . The Seven Years ' War began in 1756 and ended in 1763 . It is possible this reduced the number of `` great matches '' , as did the Napoleonic and the two World Wars later . It is probable that cricket 's first bowling revolution occurred sometime between 1756 and 1763 . Bowlers were certainly pitching the ball by 1770 , but there are no surviving reports to describe the reception that pitching had when it was tried and implemented .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc49779bbfdb68492b8b138b1ffcede3", "text": "Corley Corley ( and the associated hamlets of Corley Ash and Corley Moor ) is a village and civil parish in the North Warwickshire district of Warwickshire , England . The population at the 2011 census was 668 . It is located about 8 km northwest of Coventry and is adjacent to the village of Fillongley . The M6 motorway runs close by , and the village is familiar to motorists as it is the site of Corley Services . Other significant buildings in the area include Corley Hall , which was built in the 16th century . The parish church of St Mary dates from the 12th century and is a Grade II * listed building . Corley is also home to Corley Cricket Club , which entered its 65th season in 2012 . One of the club 's most notable former players is James Ormond , who went on to represent England . The club has also seen many of its players compete at county level , including Race Williams and John Wilson , the latter representing Leicestershire young cricketers . Following a nationwide competition in 2012 Corley beat over 1500 other cricket clubs to be awarded the title of `` Biggest Little Cricket Club '' - The most loved and worthy in England and Wales . Club representatives have been invited to the National Outstanding Contribution to Cricket Awards ceremony at Lord 's Cricket Ground on two separate occasions since 2011 following nominations from the Warwickshire Cricket Board . On July 14 , 2013 Corley CC hosted the famous Lashings World XI , one the biggest games in the club 's history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b6885710cab44be085da550900cf4e4", "text": "Follow-on In cricket , a follow-on is where the team that bats second is forced to take its second batting innings immediately after its first , because the team was not able to get close enough to the score achieved by the first team batting in the first innings . If the second team to bat scores substantially fewer runs than the first team , the first team have the option of enforcing the follow-on , that is , instructing the second team to bat again immediately . In this case the sequence of batting innings will be first team , second team , second team and then , if required , the first team again . This is in contrast to the normal progression of batting innings which is first team , second team , first team , second team . The first team may choose not to enforce the follow-on , and bat themselves instead . The rules governing the circumstances in which the follow-on may be enforced are found in Law 13 of the Laws of Cricket .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fdb0547bb4e4f0bebe2896a6567594d0", "text": "Overview of English cricket (1816–1863) This article presents an overview of English cricket from 1816 to 1863 . For more detailed coverage of the period , see the series of season reviews in : Category : English cricket seasons from 1816 to 1863 . Although the article mentions some events in other countries , these are connected with the introduction of cricket from England and into those countries . For additional information about the development of the game in the main cricket-playing countries outside England during the period , see : History of Australian cricket to 1876 History of Canadian cricket History of cricket in India to 1918 History of cricket in New Zealand to 1890 History of cricket in South Africa to 1918 History of cricket in Sri Lanka History of United States cricket History of cricket in the West Indies to 1918 The Napoleonic Wars had deprived cricket of investment and manpower , particularly after 1810 as the conflict in the Peninsular War reached its height and the invasion of France followed . A recovery began in 1815 , the year of the Battle of Waterloo , and a more widespread return to normality can be observed from 1816 , although it was not until 1825 that inter-county matches were resurrected when Kent played Sussex .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e37ac4f47e76b2885bd540ad93aeeea", "text": "Leg before wicket Leg before wicket ( lbw ) is one of the ways in which a batsman can be dismissed in the sport of cricket . Following an appeal by the fielding side , the umpire may rule a batsman out lbw if the ball would have struck the wicket , but was instead intercepted by any part of the batsman 's body ( except the hand holding the bat ) . The umpire 's decision will depend on a number of criteria , including where the ball pitched , whether the ball hit in line with the wickets , and whether the batsman was attempting to hit the ball . Leg before wicket first appeared in the laws of cricket in 1774 , as batsmen began to use their pads to prevent the ball hitting their wicket . Over several years , refinements were made to clarify where the ball should pitch and to remove the element of interpreting the batsman 's intentions . The 1839 version of the law used a wording that remained in place for nearly 100 years . However , from the latter part of the 19th century , batsmen became increasingly expert at `` pad-play '' to reduce the risk of their dismissal . Following a number of failed proposals for reform , in 1935 the law was expanded , such that batsmen could be dismissed lbw even if the ball pitched outside the line of off stump . Critics felt this change made the game unattractive as it encouraged negative tactics at the expense of leg spin bowling . After considerable debate and various experiments , the law was changed again in 1972 . In an attempt to reduce pad-play the new version , which is used to this day , allowed batsmen to be out lbw in some circumstances if they did not attempt to hit the ball with their bat . Since the 1990s , the availability of television replays and , later , ball-tracking technology to assist umpires has increased the percentage of lbws in major matches . However , the accuracy of the technology and the consequences of its use remain controversial . In his 1995 survey of cricket laws , Gerald Brodribb states : `` No dismissal has produced so much argument as lbw ; it has caused trouble from its earliest days '' . Owing to its complexity , the law is widely misunderstood among the general public and has proven controversial among spectators , administrators and commentators ; lbw decisions have sometimes caused crowd trouble . Since the law 's introduction , the proportion of lbw dismissals has risen steadily through the years . Statistics reveal that the probability of a batsman being dismissed lbw in a Test match varies depending on where the match is played and which teams are playing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46973078d244d0b2cbdf57b05e6177d2", "text": "History of Test cricket from 1884 to 1889 The history of Test cricket between 1884 and 1889 was one of English dominance over the Australians . England won every Test series that was played . The period also saw the first use of the word `` Test '' to describe a form of cricket when the Press used it in 1885 . It has remained in common usage ever since . In 1883 England had won the first Ashes series by beating Australia 2 -- 1 away , though they had lost a fourth extra Test played at the end of their Australian tour . However , this last Test proved to be a blip as English dominance remained for the rest of the 1880s . Of the 19 England-Australia Tests played in the period from 1884 to 1889 , England won 14 , Australia 3 , with 2 draws . 1889 saw the first English team to tour South Africa . England won both representative matches easily . These matches , and those on the other early English tours of South Africa , were only recognised as Tests retrospectively , the first official tour not taking place till 1905-6 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e46bd4871fc3fbe9a57e7491bf38e01b", "text": "Sport in Tasmania Sport in Tasmania is participation in and attendance at organised sports events in the state of Tasmania in Australia . Sport is an important part of Tasmanian culture ; though , while spectator sports have grown in recent decades , overall participation in sports has declined and is currently lower than the national average . The most popular spectator sports are Cricket ( summer ) and Australian rules football ( winter ) . Both sports have very long histories in the state and important roles in the culture and are widely covered by the media . In participation Tasmania 's most popular sport for men is Association football ( known locally as `` soccer '' ) and for women is swimming . The fastest growing sport in terms of participation in the state is junior and women 's soccer . There are significant regional differences and regional rivalries , particularly between the north and south of the state which have an effect on the sport participation and attendances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4", "text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51ca920ba0295294851a79436918a696", "text": "Ormia ochracea Ormia ochracea is a small yellow nocturnal fly , a parasitoid of crickets . It is notable because of its exceptionally acute directional hearing . The female is attracted by the song of the male cricket and deposits larvae on or around him , as was discovered in 1975 by the zoologist William H. Cade . The fly is found throughout the southern US and into Mexico , though its exact range is not known . The mating call of the male field cricket is used by Ormia ochracea in locating the cricket . Once a female fly finds a host ( male cricket ) she deposits a larva which then quickly burrows into the host , emerging about 7 -- 10 days later , killing the host . Flies have been observed responding to various cricket songs , but seem to be limited to the family Gryllidae . The prey cricket Teleogryllus oceanicus has recently shown adaptation by evolving flat wings without sound-producing structures . The flat wing was first observed in 2003 on the Hawaiian island of Kauai , and was also found on neighbouring Oahu two years later . Genetic studies of crickets from each island show that the mutations arose from different genomic variations . Ormia ochracea has become a model organism in sound localization experiments because of its unique `` ears '' , which are complex structures inside the fly 's prothorax near the bases of their front legs . The animal is too small for the time difference of sound arriving at the two ears to be calculated in the usual way , yet it can determine the direction of sound sources with exquisite precision . The tympanic membranes of opposite ears are directly connected mechanically , allowing resolution of nanosecond time differences and requiring a new neural coding strategy . In April 2015 , a group from the University of Strathclyde and the MRC/CSO Institute for Hearing Research ( IHR ) announced that it had created a microphone based on the Ormia ochracea 's hearing system , and had been awarded a # 430,000 grant by the U.K. Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council to build and test the hearing aid for three years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b3b4baa1c4ccc426355a2519f6aeac6", "text": "The Ashes The Ashes is a Test cricket series played between England and Australia . The Ashes are regarded as being held by the team that most recently won the Test series . The term originated in a satirical obituary published in a British newspaper , The Sporting Times , immediately after Australia 's 1882 victory at The Oval , their first Test win on English soil . The obituary stated that English cricket had died , and `` the body will be cremated and the ashes taken to Australia '' . The mythical ashes immediately became associated with the 1882 -- 83 series played in Australia , before which the English captain Ivo Bligh had vowed to `` regain those ashes '' . The English media therefore dubbed the tour the quest to regain the Ashes . After England had won two of the three Tests on the tour , a small urn was presented to Bligh by a group of Melbourne women including Florence Morphy , whom Bligh married within a year . The contents of the urn are reputed to be the ashes of a wooden bail , and were humorously described as `` the ashes of Australian cricket '' . It is not clear whether that `` tiny silver urn '' is the same as the small terracotta urn given to the MCC by Bligh 's widow after his death in 1927 . The urn has never been the official trophy of the Ashes series , having been a personal gift to Bligh . However , replicas of the urn are often held aloft by victorious teams as a symbol of their victory in an Ashes series . Since the 1998 -- 99 Ashes series , a Waterford Crystal representation of the Ashes urn ( called the Ashes Trophy ) has been presented to the winners of an Ashes series as the official trophy of that series . Irrespective of which side holds the tournament , the urn remains in the MCC Museum at Lord 's ; it has however been taken to Australia to be put on touring display on two occasions : as part of the Australian Bicentenary celebrations in 1988 , and to accompany the Ashes series in 2006 -- 07 . An Ashes series is traditionally of five Tests , hosted in turn by England and Australia at least once every four years . , England holds the Ashes , having won three of the five Tests in the 2015 Ashes series . Australia and England have won 32 series each and five series have been drawn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b79d2e9da0e65677dd302cd889f5cae", "text": "Life zones of central Europe Central Europe contains several life zones , depending on location and elevation . Geographically , Central Europe lies between the Baltic Sea and the Apennine and Balkan peninsulas . It includes the plains of Germany and Poland ; the Alps ; and the Carpathian Mountains . The Central European Flora region stretches from Central France to Central Romania and Southern Scandinavia . The lowlands of Central Europe contain the Central European mixed forests ecoregion , while the mountains host the Alps conifer and mixed forests and Carpathian montane conifer forests ecoregions . An important factor in the local climate and ecology of Central Europe is the elevation : an increase of elevation by 1000 m causes the average air temperature to drop by 5 C and decreases the amount of water that can be held by the atmosphere by 30 % . This decrease in temperature and increase in rainfall result in altitudinal zonation , where the land can be divided into life zones of similar climate and ecology , depending on elevation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a68563fdec59d58556f39985f6d2f3c", "text": "ICC Americas ICC Americas is an international body which oversees cricket in countries in North and South America , and the Caribbean islands . It is a subordinate body to the International Cricket Council . The organisation currently has 17 members , located in North America , Central America , South America , and the Caribbean , and is responsible for the development , promotion and administration of the game in the above regions . The body is also responsible for the ICC Americas Championship , which is the premier international competition in the region , and allows teams to compete for World Cup qualification . The World Cup itself has only been held in the region on a single occasion , when the 2007 World Cup was hosted by the West Indies . The organisation is also responsible for hosting the ICC Americas Under-19 Championship , which fills a similar role in qualification for the Under-19 World Cup . A separate South American Cricket Championship exists , but is not organised by the ICC . Currently the regional office is located in Toronto , but was scheduled to be relocated to Colorado Springs , Colorado later in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb37a376a44fb6ae04f617686c54954", "text": "Ensifera Ensifera is a suborder of the order Orthoptera , including insects in the families Gryllidae ( true crickets ) , Prophalangopsidae ( grigs ) , Stenopelmatidae ( Jerusalem crickets , king crickets , tree and giant wetas ) , Gryllacrididae ( leaf-rolling and raspy crickets ) , Cooloolidae ( cooloola monsters ) , Rhaphidophoridae ( cave and camel crickets ) , Schizodactylidae ( dune or splay-footed crickets ) and Tettigoniidae ( bush crickets or katydids ) . The Tettigoniidae are sometimes known as the long-horned grasshoppers to distinguish them from the other suborder of Orthoptera , the Caelifera or short-horned grasshoppers . Ensifera is believed to be a more ancient group than Caelifera , with its origins in the Carboniferous period , the split having occurred at the end of the Permian period . `` Ensifer '' means `` sword bearer '' in Latin , and refers to the typically elongated and blade-like ovipositor of the females .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "469cef4bcbedce9b092b6c67d26044ea", "text": "Cyprus Cricket Association The Cyprus Cricket Association ( CCA ) ( Greek : Κυπριακή Κρίκετ Ποδοσφαίρου ) ( Kıbrıs Kriket Federasyonu ) is the governing body of cricket in Cyprus . It is a member of the European Cricket Council and an affiliate member of the International Cricket Council since 1999 . It organises the Cyprus cricket league which has 10 participating teams including some from the British military bases of Akrotiri and Dekhelia . It is also responsible for the Cyprus National Cricket team . Cricket has been played in Cyprus for many years , but has mainly been confined to the British Army bases . The European Cricket Council , given the task of promoting cricket throughout Europe , encouraged Cyprus Cricket to form its own organisation , the Cyprus Cricket Association , with its own committee and constitution . From 2003 the CCA have been organising cricket on the island , extending the game into the towns , setting up a league , starting youth cricket in the schools , and forming a national team to enter European competitions . The European Cricket Council provides the CCA with funds to promote youth cricket and train coaches to go out into the schools . The British Army has been helpful to the CCA , giving them access to its facilities , and entering teams into the newly formed league . In fact the 2005 league champions were a military side , WSBA . The best player for the last 8 years running , as voted for by the CCA officials , has been George Ioannou .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "695f00f492c1a1fa0c7ef8bb853ec9f7", "text": "Women's Cricket Association The Women 's Cricket Association ( WCA ) was responsible for the running of women 's cricket in England between 1926 and 1998 . It was formed by a group of enthusiasts following a cricket holiday in Malvern . Forty-nine games were arranged in that first season , and the popular cricket festival at Stowe Lane , Colwall , which is still held today , was launched . By the following season there were ten affiliated clubs , by 1934 there were eighty , and by 1938 the number had reached 123 . At its peak there were 208 affiliated clubs and 94 school and junior teams . By 1931 the first county associations had been formed , and Durham played a combined Cheshire and Lancashire XI . Four years later the country was divided into five regional associations : East , Midlands , North , South and West . The WCA handed over the running of women 's cricket in England to the England and Wales Cricket Board ( ECB ) in 1998 and disbanded .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8df81431e156a2d90fc88f004b24ebe2", "text": "1601 to 1725 in sports 1601 to 1725 in sports describes the period 's events in world sport . Sport becomes increasingly popular in England during this period . Boxing is revived and village cricket develops in the 17th century with the interest of gamblers giving rise to the introduction of professionalism . The first attempts to organise football take place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdc6b414214da298706a93e23205ce55", "text": "Club cricket Club cricket is a mainly amateur , but still formal , form of the sport of cricket , usually involving teams playing in competitions at weekends or in the evening . There is a great deal of variation in game format although the Laws of Cricket are always observed . The main nations that club cricket is played in are Pakistan , England , Australia , South Africa , Sri Lanka , West Indies , New Zealand , Bangladesh , Nepal , Zimbabwe , Kenya , Zambia , Namibia , Uganda , Tanzania , Ireland , Wales , Scotland , Netherlands , Hong Kong and in some of the major cities in India . Club cricket is played virtually all over the world . Club cricket is also now played in the United States and Canada , as both countries have large communities of immigrants from mainstream cricket-playing regions such as the Caribbean , Europe , Asia , Africa and Australasia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad16fbe9d758a69863def2b41dc6d528", "text": "National sport A national sport or national pastime is a sport or game that is considered to be an intrinsic part of the culture of a nation . Some sports are de facto ( not established by law ) national sports , as baseball is in the United States and cricket is in England , while others are de jure ( established by law ) national sports , as lacrosse and ice hockey are in Canada . These sports do not have to be necessarily the most played or most followed , which would be either association football , baseball or basketball in all but a few countries , but are widely considered to be important to the country or significant for its culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66237474e9ef145227d92829b69d0948", "text": "History of the West Indian cricket team The history of the West Indian cricket team begins in the 1880s when the first combined West Indian team was formed and toured Canada and the United States . In the 1890s , the first representative sides were selected to play visiting English sides . Administered by the West Indies Cricket Board ( `` WICB '' ) , and known colloquially as The Windies , the West Indies cricket team represents a sporting confederation of English-speaking Caribbean countries . The WICB joined the sport 's international ruling body , the Imperial Cricket Council , in 1926 , and played their first official international match , which in cricket is called a Test , in 1928 . Although blessed with some great players in their early days as a Test nation , their successes remained sporadic until the 1960s , by which time the side had changed from a white-dominated to a black-dominated side . By the late 1970s , the West Indies had a side recognised as unofficial world champions , a title they retained throughout the 1980s . Their team from the 1970s and 1980s is now widely regarded as having been one of the best in test cricket 's history , alongside Don Bradman 's Invincibles . During these glory years , the Windies were noted for their four-man fast bowling attack , backed up by some of the best batsmen in the world . The 1980s saw them set a then-record streak of 11 consecutive Test victories in 1984 , which was part of a still-standing record of 27 tests without defeat ( the other tests being draws ) , as well as inflicting two 5 -- 0 `` blackwashes '' against the old enemy of England . Throughout the 1990s and 2000s , however , West Indian cricket declined , in part due to the rise in popularity of athletics and football in West Indian countries , and the team today is struggling to regain its past glory . In their early days in the 1930s , the side represented the British colonies of the West Indies Federation plus British Guyana . The current side represents the now independent states of Antigua and Barbuda , Barbados , Dominica , Grenada , Guyana , Jamaica , Saint Kitts and Nevis , Saint Lucia , Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad and Tobago , and the British dependencies of Anguilla , Montserrat and the British Virgin Islands along with the U.S. Virgin Islands and St. Maarten . National teams also exist for the various islands , which , as they are all separate countries , very much keep their local identities and support their local favourites . These national teams take part in the West Indian first-class competition , the Stanford 20/20 , the Carib Beer Cup ( earlier known as the Busta Cup , Shell Shield and various other names ) . It is also common for other international teams to play the island teams for warm-up games before they take on the combined West Indies team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a", "text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a9d9c81693a3467af2136369f60a0cdb
Life After Death is by the American rapper The Notorious B.I.G.
[ { "docid": "7ca1f85a756c4746ab02763462bc3d84", "text": "Life After Death Life After Death is the second and final studio album by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , released on March 25 , 1997 , on Bad Boy Records . A double album , it was released posthumously following his death on March 9 , 1997 . It features collaborations with guest artists such as 112 , Jay-Z , Lil ' Kim , Mase , Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , Too $ hort , Angela Winbush , D.M.C. of Run-D.M.C . , R. Kelly , The LOX and Puff Daddy . Life After Death exhibits The Notorious B.I.G. further delving into the mafioso rap subgenre . The album is a sequel to his first album , Ready to Die , and picks up where the last song , `` Suicidal Thoughts '' , ends . The album was nominated for three Grammy Awards in 1998 including Best Rap Album , Best Rap Solo Performance for its first single `` Hypnotize '' , and Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group for its second single `` Mo Money Mo Problems '' . Life After Death has been considered by music writers as one of the seminal mafioso rap albums , along with Raekwon 's Only Built 4 Cuban Linx ... ( 1995 ) and Jay-Z 's Reasonable Doubt ( 1996 ) . In 2003 , the album was ranked number 476 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "bad6673fcb603b9a86808a8f7c5301e8", "text": "Busta Rhymes Trevor George Smith Jr. ( born May 20 , 1972 ) , better known by his stage name Busta Rhymes , is an American rapper , actor , record producer and record executive . Chuck D of Public Enemy gave him the moniker Busta Rhymes , after NFL wide receiver George `` Buster '' Rhymes . He is widely known for his outlandish style and fashion sense depicted in several highly innovative music videos as well as his intricate rhyming technique , rapping at a high rate of speed with heavy use of internal rhyme and half rhyme , and to date has received 11 Grammy Award nominations for his musical work . About.com included him on its list of the 50 Greatest MCs of Our Time ( 1987 -- 2007 ) , while Steve Huey of AllMusic called him one of the best and most prolific rappers of the 1990s . In 2012 , The Source placed him on their list of the Top 50 Lyricists of All Time . MTV has called him `` one of hip-hop 's greatest visual artists . '' Busta Rhymes was an original member of Leaders of the New School . He later went on and founded the record label Conglomerate ( initially Flipmode Entertainment ) and production crew The Conglomerate ( formerly Flipmode Squad ) . In November 2011 , Busta Rhymes signed a deal with Cash Money Records . On July 23 , 2014 , Busta Rhymes announced that he left Cash Money Records due to creative differences and was no longer on Republic . In 2016 Rhymes signed with Epic for his upcoming album due to be released in early 2017 . He has so far released nine studio albums , with the first being the 1996 platinum-selling album The Coming . His list of hit singles include `` Woo Hah !! Got You All in Check '' , `` Put Your Hands Where My Eyes Could See '' , `` Dangerous '' , `` Turn It Up ( Remix ) / Fire It Up '' , `` Gim me Some More '' , `` What 's It Gon na Be ?! '' , `` Pass the Courvoisier , Part II '' , `` I Know What You Want '' and `` Touch It '' , among several others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b", "text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff44ca6a4a89a11e77d02c978f43fd36", "text": "To Live and Die in CA To Live and Die in CA is the second compilation album by rapper Daz Dillinger . It was released on October 1 , 2002 through D.P.G. Recordz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e521be09089221a56f25f0b8129b4b86", "text": "Big Ed (rapper) Edward Lee Knight ( 1971 -- July 8 , 2001 ) , best known by his stage name Big Ed the Assassin ( or briefly Lil Big Ed , Big Lil Ed , Lil Lil Ed , & Big Big Ed ) , was an American rapper who was signed to Master P 's No Limit Records in 1992 , although releasing his first and only solo album The Assassin on No Limit in 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5e974f3d9609410fccbe6cf007105cc", "text": "I Get Around (Tupac Shakur song) `` I Get Around '' is the second single from 2Pac 's second album Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z. , and features Shock G and Money-B of Digital Underground , the group that introduced him to the world . It was produced by Shock G. Allmusic notes that in the song 2Pac `` brags about his sexual conquests '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "747468ee07a179582f0fdbe7ada3f949", "text": "The D.O.C. Tracy Lynn Curry ( born June 10 , 1968 ) , better known by his stage name The D.O.C. , is an American rapper from Dallas . In addition to a solo career , he was a member of the hip hop group Fila Fresh Crew and later collaborated with gangsta rap group N.W.A , where he co-wrote many of their releases as well as Eazy-E 's solo debut album Eazy-Duz-It . He has also worked with Dr. Dre , who is one of the founding members of N.W.A and produced two of his solo albums . After Fila Fresh Crew split up in 1987 , The D.O.C. went on to pursue a successful solo career . In 1989 , he released his debut album , No One Can Do It Better , which reached number-one on the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for two weeks and spawned two number one hits on the Hot Rap Songs chart : `` It 's Funky Enough '' and `` The D.O.C. & The Doctor '' . The album went platinum five years after its release . In late 1989 , months after the release of No One Can Do It Better , The D.O.C. almost died when a car accident resulted in the crushing of his larynx , permanently changing his voice . Since his recovery , he has released two more albums , Helter Skelter in 1996 and Deuce in 2003 . Since 2006 , The D.O.C. has been working on new material for his fourth album Voices .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8182d86c1f5ff5dfdc76488c7d99721a", "text": "Big Mello Curtis Donnell Davis ( August 7 , 1968 -- June 15 , 2002 ) , better known by his stage name Big Mello , was an American rapper from Houston , Texas . He debuted as Big Mello in 1992 with the album `` Bone Hard Zaggin ' '' on the Rap-A-Lot Records label . Shea Serrano of the Houston Press said that Big Mello was famous for `` repping Hiram Clarke in the 90 's -LSB- ... -RSB- '' On June 15 , 2002 Davis along with a passenger died after Davis lost control of his vehicle and hit a pillar in the 4500 block of South Loop West ( South Interstate Highway 610 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1708d1205a0a1ff1b8ae277f744927f", "text": "Time Is Money (Styles P album) Time Is Money is the second studio album by American rapper Styles P . The album was released on December 19 , 2006 , by Ruff Ryders Entertainment and Interscope Records . The album suffered several pushbacks starting from spring 2005 . It was originally scheduled to be released on November 14 , 2006 but was delayed for a month . It peaked at number 19 on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart , number ten on the Top Rap Albums chart , and number 79 on the Billboard 200 . `` Can You Believe It '' , `` I 'm Black '' and `` Favorite Drug '' were released as singles . The clean version of `` Favorite Drug '' is titled `` Favorite One '' . A track called `` All My Life '' which is featuring Akon ( who featured Styles P on his hit `` Locked Up '' two years before ) was supposed to be on the album but it did n't make the final cut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb51ea648b035b78fbd9599f95ddc8fd", "text": "Life as a Rider Life as a Rider is the 7th studio album by American rapper C-Bo , released January 29 , 2002 on West Coast Mafia and Warlock Records . It peaked at number 41 on the Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and at number 8 on the Billboard Top Independent Albums . It was produced by Bosko , Floss P , Mike Mosley and Rhythm D . The album features guest performances by West Coast heavy-weights : Kokane , Outlawz , Killa Tay , CJ Mac , Dresta , Tray Dee and Yukmouth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "233875c6a4b5d4f6c71aa2c1296a3439", "text": "Immortal Technique Felipe Andres Coronel ( born February 19 , 1978 ) , better known by the stage name Immortal Technique , is an American hip hop recording artist and activist . Most of his lyrics focus on controversial issues in global politics . His lyrics are largely commentary on issues such as politics , socialism , class struggle , poverty , religion , government , imperialism , economics and institutional racism . Immortal Technique has aims to retain control over his production , and has stated in his music that record companies , not artists themselves , profit the most from mass production and marketing of music . He claimed in an interview to have sold close to a combined total of 200,000 copies of his first three official releases .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1931603aedbe38deee27ced57b10193", "text": "Tru Life Roberto Guzmán Rosado , Jr. ( born March 19 , 1976 ) , better known by his stage name Tru Life , is an American rapper of Puerto Rican descent . He was signed to Jay-Z 's Roc-A-Fella Records briefly but was incarcerated soon after . Before signing he had spent time with various other labels , featured on numerous songs and had already generated quite a buzz due to prominent beefs , appearances on mixtapes and Smack DVD . He was released from prison in 2016 . Since his release from prison he has actively protested his innocence , and stated that he pled guilty to a criminal charge only because of the situation being effectively stacked against him in such a way that he felt he could not win a trial , despite the fact that he did n't participate in any crime . In his eyes , it was a better choice to plead guilty and accept the sentence than to risk a trial , which would have not only put him at risk of being convicted of a more serious crime but also at risk of a much longer sentence . He has also indicated since his release that he is a changed man and has left his previous life of crime and drama long behind him and is moving on in a positive direction . Soon after his release Tru Life featured on a song with Rick Ross which was received well . The music video for the song , released on YouTube , gathered over 1 million views within one month . As of January 2017 Tru Life has featured on a few mixtape tracks but has not released a single nor has he indicated any signs of signing to a record label . He has stated that he is working on his own record and starting his own label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "392c47745a15b4c214eb24366c7933b8", "text": "Dr. Dre Presents the Aftermath Dr. Dre Presents ... The Aftermath is a compilation album produced and released by American rapper and producer , Dr. Dre . The album was released on November 26 , 1996 , a week after the release of the lead single , `` East Coast , West Coast , Killas '' featuring Group Therapy . The album is Dre 's first release after leaving Death Row Records , and was the first release on his then newly established Aftermath Entertainment . In spite of Dr. Dre 's name being on the album , and it being certified platinum , it received mixed reviews and was not amongst the year 's more commercially successful releases . The album was later followed by the second single , the Dr. Dre solo track `` Been There , Done That '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49124d13496f80c1bc7a477ce15cc933", "text": "The Untouchable The Untouchable is the fourth studio album by American rapper Scarface . The album was released on March 11 , 1997 , by Rap-a-Lot Records . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 chart for the first time in his career with the album ; in addition it peaked at the top of the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for two weeks , giving Scarface his second number one album there . The effort included the smash hit single , `` Smile '' , featuring Tupac Shakur , released shortly after the shooting deaths of Tupac and Notorious B.I.G. . It peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100 and is the only single released by Scarface to go Gold .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "939018526239596557673b751a54cbeb", "text": "Do or Die (Ant Banks album) Do or Die is the third studio album by American rapper and producer , Ant Banks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bfa16b02dfc464a39134ba0af5bf949", "text": "Runnin' from tha Police `` Runnin ' From tha Police '' is a 1995 song by rapper Tupac Shakur , featuring The Notorious B.I.G. , Stretch , Buju Banton , and Dramacydal . The song is significant , being one of very few compositions 2Pac and The Notorious B.I.G. created together , as later hostility arose between the two rappers , ending all possible collaborations and inciting the East-West Coast Rivalry . The first verse is performed by three of the four members of the rap group Dramacydal who would go on to join 2Pac 's Outlawz group ( Young Hollywood , K-Dog , and Big Malcolm , in that order ) , the second by Stretch and the Notorious B.I.G. , and the third and last by 2Pac . Four of the artists on the song have since been murdered , 2Pac , Notorious B.I.G. , Yaki Kadafi and Stretch .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52eb696a9a1f098f0e6831b1c0b4b2ed", "text": "After Sics After Sics is the compilation album from rappers Lord Infamous and II Tone . It was released on January 27 , 2009 . It is Black Rain Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caddc7665f4df4ad5e972e5e1f466ad6", "text": "Życie po śmierci Życie po śmierci ( -LSB- ˈʐɨt͡ɕɛ pɔ ˈɕmjɛrt͡ɕi -RSB- , English : Life After Death ) , stylized as Życie po śmierci ) is an album by Polish hip-hop rapper and producer O.S.T.R. , released on February 26 , 2016 on Asfalt Records . O.S.T.R. said that the main factor that made him record Życie po śmierci was his disease he had had at the beginning of 2015 . He had had to have his lung removed , due to the fact that he had been smoking for most of his life . He also claimed that this album is the most personal project he had ever recorded . The main inspiration for the title of the album was the Notorious B.I.G. 's 1997 project Life After Death . A special website was created to promote the album . On the website O.S.T.R. left a letter written to his fans , when he recalls a story of his disease and informs that Życie po śmierci is going to be a soundtrack for a `` book or rap musical '' . Życie po śmierci was entirely produced by O.S.T.R. and Dutch duo Killing Skills . The first single `` We krwi ( Since I Saw You ) '' was released on February 1 , 2016 . There was an extra CD entitled Życie po śmierci ( Snap Jazz Edition ) that could be bought only through Asfalt Records ' official website and at the Asfalt Shop in Warsaw . The extra CD consists of jazz remixes produced by Killing Skills themselves and played by various jazz musician . The album debuted at number 1 on Polish chart and having sold 90 000 copies up to February 8 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "888f1cf1f2086a952293cdd563f261f0", "text": "Danny Boy (singer) Danny Boy Steward ( born October 31 , 1977 ) is a Chicago native known by his stage name Danny Boy or DB . He is a contemporary African-American soul singer originally signed for a five-year run with Death Row Records by Suge Knight . He made his debut on 1994 's Murder Was the Case soundtrack with the R&B charter Come When I Call ( Produced by DJ Quik ) . In 1995 , he released his first single entitled Slip N Slide ( Produced by Reggie Moore and co-produced by DeVante Swing ) with then unknown artist Ginuwine singing the chorus . The video was shot in Cabo , and also features scenes with 2Pac , Snoop Dogg , Nate Dogg and Tha Dogg Pound . Danny is best known for singing the choruses of the 2Pac songs `` I Ai n't Mad at Cha '' , `` What ' z Ya Phone # '' , `` Picture Me Rollin ' '' and `` Heaven Ai n't Hard 2 Find '' on All Eyez on Me , as well as `` Toss It Up '' on The Don Killuminati : The 7 Day Theory . He had recorded several albums ' worth of music while on Death Row Records , but none were released during his time there . Danny Boy also made an appearance on Tha Row 's soundtrack to Eddie Griffin 's Dysfunktional Family movie and also appeared on American Idol , but was disqualified due to continued internet promotion by his former label . He is currently working on some projects for his own label `` Eclectic Soul Music Group '' and resides in the suburbs of Atlanta , Georgia . On April 20 , 2010 Death Row Records , under new management , finally released Danny Boy 's 1996 debut album It 's About Time featuring production by DJ Quik & DeVante Swing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b98cc07cc91023c9f7351797f784ed6", "text": "One More Chance (The Notorious B.I.G. song) `` One More Chance / Stay with Me ( Remix ) '' is a song written and recorded by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , featuring additional vocals sung by his wife Faith Evans and an uncredited appearance by Mary J. Blige . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on July 31 , 1995 and sold 1.1 million copies . The original version of the song appears on B.I.G. 's album , Ready to Die . The remix features new lyrics , a new chorus , and a different beat than the original . There is also a `` hip hop mix '' which samples Marley Marl 's `` Droppin Science '' ( featuring rapper Craig G ) . Evans was an up-and-coming R&B artist at the time . The remix , produced by the Trackmasters samples DeBarge 's 1983 song `` Stay with Me '' . The song peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was the highest debuting single of all time , tying with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song `` Scream '' when it entered the Hot 100 at # 5 at the time . ( This record stood until later that year , when Michael Jackson 's `` You Are Not Alone '' debuted at number one . ) It remained the highest debuting single for a rap song on the Hot 100 until Puff Daddy 's tribute song `` I 'll Be Missing You '' debuted at # 1 . ( Lauryn Hill , Eminem and DJ Khaled would later equal this feat , with the former 's `` Doo Wop ( That Thing ) '' entering in the top spot in 1998 , the aforementioned with `` Not Afraid '' in 2010 and the latter with `` I 'm The One '' in 2017 . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5b1305cd9c21964e9f4191ef81a341f", "text": "Blood Money (Mobb Deep album) Blood Money is the seventh studio album by hip-hop duo Mobb Deep , released on May 2 , 2006 . It is the group 's first and only album on G-Unit & Interscope Records . It features guest appearances by several G-Unit artists , including G-Unit members 50 Cent , Lloyd Banks , Tony Yayo , Young Buck and affiliate Nyce . The album also features artists such as Mary J. Blige and Nate Dogg . Blood Money is the first Mobb Deep studio album to not feature rapper Big Noyd .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a9497f25e0e6a9f3d10a10b3faf728b2
Las Vegas is a city.
[ { "docid": "9a6d1ca7ada5d77196d6aa778d470dc6", "text": "Las Vegas Las Vegas ( -LSB- lɑːs_ˈveɪɡəs -RSB- , Spanish for `` The Meadows '' ) , officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas , is the 28th-most populated city in the United States , the most populated city in the state of Nevada , and the county seat of Clark County . The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert . Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city known primarily for its gambling , shopping , fine dining , entertainment , and nightlife . It is the leading financial , commercial , and cultural center for Nevada . The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World , and is famous for its mega casino -- hotels and associated activities . It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry , claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any city in the world . Today , Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world 's most visited tourist destinations . The city 's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City , and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature , films , television programs , and music videos . Las Vegas was settled in 1905 and officially incorporated in 1911 . At the close of the 20th century , it was the most populated American city founded within that century ( a similar distinction earned by Chicago in the 1800s ) . Population growth has accelerated since the 1960s , and between 1990 and 2000 the population nearly doubled , increasing by 85.2 % . Rapid growth has continued into the 21st century , and according to a 2013 estimate , the population is 603,488 with a regional population of 2,027,828 . `` Las Vegas '' is often used to describe areas beyond official city limits -- especially the areas on and near the Las Vegas Strip , which is actually located within the unincorporated communities of Paradise , Winchester , and Enterprise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c448fc43991315c04f8f6042fcb0eae7", "text": "Resort town A resort town , often called a resort city or resort destination , is an urban area where tourism or vacationing is the primary component of the local culture and economy . A typical resort town has one or more actual resorts in the surrounding area . Sometimes the term resort town is used simply for a locale popular among tourists . The term can also refer to either an incorporated or unincorporated contiguous area where the ratio of transient rooms , measured in bed units , is greater than 60 % of the permanent population . Generally , tourism is the main export in a resort town economy , with most residents of the area working in the tourism or resort industry . Shops and luxury boutiques selling locally themed souvenirs , motels , and unique restaurants often proliferate the downtown areas of a resort town . In the case of the United States , resort towns were created around the late 1800s and early 1900s with the development of early town-making . Consistent , however , throughout many resort towns includes elements of ambitious architecture , romanticizing a location , and dependence on cheap labor .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9b8353df6fd255ed36dfdd1f34e0a0b8", "text": "Seal of Nevada The Great Seal of the State of Nevada is derived from the Seal of the Territory of Nevada . As Nevada prepared for statehood in 1864 , its Constitutional Convention began to formalize the features of the state 's official seel . Nevada was admitted as a state on October 31 , 1864 by proclamation of President Abraham Lincoln . On February 24 , 1866 , the motto `` Volens et Potens '' ( `` Willing and Able '' ) was replaced by `` All for Our Country '' . The design of the seal was formalized , and Nevada 's mineral resources are featured with a silver miner and his team moving a carload of ore from a mountain in the foreground . A quartz mill stands before another mountain . Transportation and communication are symbolized by a train steaming across the background , with telegraph poles spanning the distance . Agriculture is represented by a sheaf of wheat , a sickle , and a plow in the foreground . Nevada 's natural environment is symbolized by a brilliant sun rising over snow-capped peaks . The inner circle of the seal carries the motto `` All for Our Country '' , and Nevada 's entry into the Union as the 36th state is shown with 36 stars completing the inner ring . The perimeter of the seal proclaims `` The Great Seal of the State of Nevada '' . Mark Twain was said to have convinced the designer to make the two trails of smoke blow in opposite directions as a prank , which was later rectified when the mistake was realized .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5db2791252e7a88476ab7ca587908ff2", "text": "List of city nicknames in California This partial list of city nicknames in California compiles the aliases , sobriquets , mottos and slogans that cities in California are known by ( or have been known by historically ) , officially and unofficially , to locals , outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce . City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity , helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname ; promote civic pride ; and build community unity . Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community `` ideology or myth '' are also believed to have economic value . Their economic value is difficult to measure , but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by `` branding '' themselves by adopting new slogans . Some unofficial nicknames are positive , while others are derisive . The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b846efe07ca891bc0e13b56aab39ea45", "text": "Nevada State Museum, Las Vegas The Nevada State Museum , Las Vegas located at the Springs Preserve , in Las Vegas , Nevada is one of 6 Nevada State Museums operated by the Nevada Department of Tourism and Cultural Affairs . The name was changed from the Nevada State Museum and Historical Society in 2008 when the museum moved from Lorenzi Park in Las Vegas to the Springs Preserve . The museum houses items from the development of Las Vegas as well as the natural history of the area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "198751b8ffccab89a186e7bda42333bb", "text": "Panorama Towers Panorama Towers is a high-rise residential condominium complex located in Paradise , Nevada . Developed by Laurence Hallier and Andrew Sasson , the $ 600 million aqua-blue glass 635-unit complex sits on 8.5 acres on Dean Martin Drive and is centrally located across from the Las Vegas Strip 1/4 mile from CityCenter . The complex consists of two towers , completed in 2006 and 2007 . A third tower was completed in 2008 , and was later rebranded as The Martin in 2011 . A fourth tower had been planned , but was never built . With the opening of Tower I in 2006 , the 420 ft structure was the 16th tallest in Las Vegas Valley at the time of construction and is currently ranked 35th along with the Marriott 's Grand Chateau .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd4fa23b0b9486db2de52b1625c31176", "text": "Christian Schoyen Christian Schoyen ( born February 13 , 1966 ) is a headhunter , expert in human behavior and futurist with speciality in human behavior futurology . He has since 1997 been the CEO for a successful international headhunting company that he founded , with offices in the U.S. and Europe . On October 7 , 2015 Christian received the honorary award ; ` Recognition of Your Contribution to the Community ' from Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn G. Goodman and the City Council as the founder for Heroes United and his work in Sierra Oeste . On November 14 , 2014 the film Vegas Vikings by Christian Schoyen was announced as the Best Nevada Film for 2014 by the Nevada International Film Festival , then on May 1 , 2015 as winner of the 2015 Golden Palm Award at Mexico International Film Festival and on May 5 , 2015 as winner of the Golden Kahuna Award at Honolulu Film Awards . The Vegas Vikings film documents the activities conducted in Las Vegas over 21 field days by Schoyen , taken place over a time period of two years , starting with Introduction of the Leif Erikson Day and ending with the Hometown Heroes United project in Sierra Oeste , which resulted in violent crime being reduced with 75 % . Christian said in an interview with Las Vegas Review Journal ; '' Making the community safer helped bring the neighborhood together . To us , it 's been exciting that we 've been able to change a situation that 's been so bleak . '' In an interview with Romerikes Blad , Schoyen said ; `` The success we achieved in Sierra Oeste means a lot to not just Nevada and Las Vegas , but also to the rest of America , as we through this collaborative initiative have proven what is possible , and that our blue-print can be applied to also other US cities . `` On December 19 , 2013 the parade and block party for the children of Sierra Oeste took place , launching the initiative of Hometown Heroes United , a group with Christian Schoyen as the project director , formed by the Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department and Hometown Heroes to fight crime and improve the conditions for children in poverty . The block party which had Christmas music , free food , gifts and a drawing contest gathered hundreds of children in Sierra Oeste , which is considered to be the most dangerous place to live in Las Vegas . Over several weeks Christian and others involved in the project knocked on every door to get to know the families and better understand what troubles the community . Christian said in an interview with Las Vegas Review Journal ; '' We want to reduce crime and reach out to the children . We hope to bring a strong community spirit to the area , something that is vital for children to thrive and to break the cycle of violence that has plagued the neighborhood for years and hope we can alter that life path . Transforming a neighborhood known to many as the `` baby ghetto '' wo n't be easy . A drastic situation needs drastic measures . '' On October 8 , 2013 the Hometown Heroes Leif Erikson Awards took place at South Point Hotel , Casino & Spa in Las Vegas hosted by Christian Schoyen with awards presented by Las Vegas Mayor Pro Tem Stavros Anthony , where the good deeds of nine Nevadans where recognized with the Hometown Heroes Leif Erikson Award and Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department with the Leif Erikson `` Viking of honor '' lifetime award . The recipients have been featured on the `` Hometown Heroes '' television show appearing on KCLV Channel 2 . The celebration of the modern day Vikings of Las Vegas was done in conjunction with the 50-year celebration of when Leif Erikson Day was first suggested in Congress as a national observance . On April 29 , 2013 Hometown Heroes ( talk show ) , hosted by Christian , which spotlights individuals in the Las Vegas community , who have made a difference in others ' lives premiered on KCLV Channel 2 . Christian said in an interview with Las Vegas Review Journal ; `` I 'm out to raise the social consciousness of the community by highlighting those who help others '' . I found the same patterns in every person I interviewed for the show . They all had a mental fortitude that shrugged off temporary setbacks to continue moving forward . They saw their work not as a chore , but as their passion . With any recognition , they were quick to deflect the praise and characterize it as a team effort . They were meant to be here in Las Vegas . They 're high-energy , driven people who feel a responsibility to help others . '' `` I hope by showcasing people who have helped others , `` Hometown Heroes '' could inspire more people to become role models . On October 3 , 2012 Christian accepted from Las Vegas Mayor Carolyn G. Goodman on behalf of the Vegas Viking Lodge . of Sons of Norway and the more than 50,000 Scandinavians in Las Vegas proclamation of October 9 being the official Leif Erikson Day throughout the city . The ceremony took place at City Hall and was televised live on KCLV Channel 2 . To nurture the core Viking traits in children growing up in Las Vegas represented by Leif Erikson 's legacy a drawing competition sponsored by Vegas Viking lodge was in conjunction with the day announced . The lodge works with the Clark County School District and Christian said in an interview with Las Vegas Review-Journal ; `` We can influence young minds , especially when they 're the most open ( under age 12 ) as eighty-five percent of your conditioning is fixed before you 're 12 . We want to further the understanding of what it meant to be a Viking and how that approach to life can apply to their lives . The Vikings represent role models , and we believe everybody needs role models . What stops people is fear ; if you can overcome fear , your potential as a human being is much greater ; it can open doors . '' In 2011 , Christian 's futuring project ; `` Las Vegas 2020 '' was selected for presentation at World Future Society international Conference in Vancouver , Canada . The project which was done in conjunction with futurist Nils Rasmussen introduced a new model for city government , together with a vision of how to ensure optimal allocation of resources to provide a higher quality of life for the citizens of Las Vegas . He has written several books , this including ; Can People Change ? - When trapped in a bubble , which has its basis in his 17-year study in human behavior and predictability . His docudrama Living the Dream linking childhood conditioning to adulthood plays an important part of his behavior study . Christian is also the author of the US bestselling book for companies on how to recruit ; Secrets of the Executive Search Experts , The Hidden Job Market : Secrets of an International Headhunter , Recruitment in the European Economic Area ( EEA ) : Forecast of Future Labour Market ( The Norwegian Government Research Council / ISBN 978-1-4675-2151-2 ) , How to Get the Job : A Handbook for International Job Seekers and A Second Life : Your Second Chance at Life . Christian graduated with a BBA from Pacific Lutheran University , Tacoma , WA in 1991 and conducted his ethnic studies at California State University , Northridge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bbc3b24b55ee7aacac3adc4cc398556", "text": "Bonanza Gift Shop Bonanza Gift Shop is a landmark located on the Las Vegas Strip between the SLS Las Vegas and the Stratosphere Las Vegas . It is billed as the World 's Largest Gift Shop with over 40000 sqft of shopping space . According to British Airways , the shop `` wo n't let you down when looking for the perfect souvenir . '' However Fodor 's says `` Ok , so it may not , in fact , be the world 's largest , but it 's the city 's largest -- and for that matter , the city 's best -- souvenir store . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "111970245c66e2d33668f0c6420d8662", "text": "Nevada Senate The Nevada Senate is the upper house of the Nevada Legislature , the state legislature of U.S. state of Nevada . The Senate currently ( 2012-2021 ) consists of 21 members from single-member districts . In the previous redistricting ( 2002-2011 ) there were 19 districts , two of which were multimember . Since 2012 , there have been 21 districts , each formed by combining two neighboring Assembly districts . Each senator represented approximately 128,598 as of the 2010 census . Article Four of The Nevada Constitution sets that Senators serve staggered four-year terms . In addition , the size of the Senate is set to be no less than one-third and no greater than one-half of the size of the Assembly . Term limits , limiting senators to three 4-year terms ( 12 years ) , took effect in 2010 . Because of the change in Constitution , seven senators were termed out in 2010 , four were termed out in 2012 , and one is to be termed out in 2014 . The Senate met at the Nevada State Capitol in Carson City until 1971 , when a separate Legislative Building was constructed south of the Capitol . The Legislative Building was expanded in 1997 to its current appearance to accommodate the growing Legislature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43dd0cd9a47a82709b5d89c3e05bf020", "text": "Río Dulce Airport Las Vegas Airport is an airport serving the town of Río Dulce in Izabal Department , Guatemala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22c7e31f533987e67f1e9a52da281a42", "text": "Nevada, Texas Nevada ( -LSB- nᵻˈveɪdə -RSB- , unlike the state of Nevada ) is a city in Collin County , Texas , United States . The population was 822 at the 2010 census . First settled in 1835 by John McMinn Stambaugh and named `` McMinn Chapel '' , the area was settled by Granville Stinebaugh , who named it after the Nevada Territory . Nevada enjoyed some prosperity after becoming a stop on the St. Louis Southwestern Railway , and the town incorporated in 1889 . On 9 May 1927 , a half-mile-wide F4 tornado ripped through Nevada , leaving 19 dead , 100 injured , and property damage exceeding $ 650,000 . The town had a difficult recovery ; citizens voted to unincorporate , and placed the restoration of the community in the hands of the Collin County authorities . However , the growing mechanisation involved in agriculture , along with the Great Depression , caused the town to fall into stagnation . The railroad later removed its tracks from the area . Recent growth in Collin County during the last 25 years has moderately improved life in Nevada . The population has again reached the heights of 1927 , and the town reincorporated in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e9a36059c1db5c89b8c5462df134453", "text": "Downtown Grand The Downtown Grand Las Vegas , formerly the Lady Luck Hotel & Casino , is a hotel and casino in Downtown Las Vegas , Nevada , owned by the CIM Group and operated by Fifth Street Gaming . The Downtown Grand is the centerpiece of Downtown3rd , a new neighborhood and entertainment district under development in downtown Las Vegas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38b25064f7347a74fe84e6de646b71c8", "text": "Las Vegas Nevada Temple The Las Vegas Nevada Temple is the 43rd operating temple of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ) . Located in the Sunrise Manor CDP near Las Vegas , Nevada , the temple sits on 10.3 acre of land at the base of Frenchman Mountain . A groundbreaking ceremony and site dedication for the temple were held in November 1985 . Gordon B. Hinckley , then a counselor in the church 's First Presidency , presided and gave the dedication prayer . Construction began soon after the ceremony . After construction was completed , the temple was open to the public for tours between November 16 and December 9 , 1989 . Almost 300,000 toured the temple and its grounds during these three weeks . The temple has six spires , the highest of which is 119 ft. At the top of this tower stands a ten-foot statue of the angel Moroni . The exterior is a white finish of pre-cast stone walls with a copper roof . The temple has 192 rooms , which includes four ordinance rooms , a Celestial room , six sealing rooms , a baptismal font , and other facilities to meet the needs of the purposes of the temple . Hinckley dedicated the Las Vegas Nevada Temple in sessions held December 16 -- 18 , 1989 . Eleven sessions were held and more than 30,000 Latter-day Saints attended the dedicatory services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f714b7dfeb653c32cfc9df42668f47d2", "text": "Lani Misalucha Lani Bayot Misalucha ( born Lani Dimalanta Bayot on August 3 , 1972 ) is a Filipino singer who performs pop , rock , jazz , soul , rhythm and blues , and operatic arias . Her ability to sing across several genres gave her the title `` Asia 's Nightingale '' by MTV Southeast Asia . Since arriving in Las Vegas in 2004 , Misalucha has been called `` New Siren of the Strip . '' During her stint in Las Vegas , Misalucha performed with the Society of Seven at Bally 's Las Vegas and the Flamingo Las Vegas , making her the first Asian to headline in a main showroom at the Las Vegas Strip . She also performed alongside Earl Turner at the Westgate Las Vegas Resort & Casino . In March 2008 , she was voted the `` Best Singer '' ( staff pick ) in the `` 27th Annual Best of Las Vegas '' poll by the Las Vegas Review-Journal . In 2009 , Las Vegas Mayor Oscar Goodman proclaimed December 4 as `` Lani Misalucha Day '' in the city . In 2014 , Misalucha returned to the Philippines and signed a recording contract with Star Records , releasing an album entitled The Nightingale Returns .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a628dbd1227a186024ad572d5ffef3a", "text": "Downtown Oklahoma City Downtown Oklahoma City is located at the geographic center of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area and contains the principal , central business district of the region . The CBD has over 51,000 workers and over 12000000 sqft of leasable office space to-date . Downtown Oklahoma City is the legal , financial , economic , nightlife , and entertainment center of the region . Downtown Oklahoma City consists of several urban districts that ring the Central Business District ; including the retail oriented A-Alley , the Arts District , the Bricktown Entertainment District , the Deep Deuce residential neighborhood , and the Flatiron District . Unofficial/new areas of downtown OKC include `` Lower Bricktown '' , MidTown urban neighborhood , SOSA ( South of Saint Anthony ` hospital ' ) , WestTown , Film Row urban district , Farmer 's Market , and the new Downtown South `` Core-2-Shore '' neighborhoods .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a5750746d8feacf8089f6baab1320f9", "text": "Springs Preserve Las Vegas Springs Preserve consists of 180 acre dedicated to nature walks and displays and is owned and operated by the Las Vegas Valley Water District . The Preserve is located approximately three miles west of downtown Las Vegas , Nevada . The Preserve is built around the original water source for Las Vegas , the Las Vegas Springs . The Springs Preserve includes colorful desert botanical gardens , museum galleries , outdoor concert and event venues , an indoor theater , historic photo gallery and a series of walking trails that meander through a wetland habitat . The Gardens at the Las Vegas Springs Preserve , previously known as the Desert Demonstration Gardens opened in 1980 at another location . The gardens now occupy 8 acre within the Springs Preserve site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d673aa192d292ba26f461c017841af7", "text": "History of Las Vegas This history of Las Vegas covers both the city of Las Vegas , Nevada , and the Las Vegas Valley . The name Las Vegas was given to the area in 1829 by an Australian scout named Richard , a member of the Antonio Armijo trading party that was traveling to Los Angeles , and stopped for water there while heading north and west on the Old Spanish Trail from New Mexico . At that time , several parts of the valley contained artesian wells surrounded by extensive green areas ; Las Vegas means the meadows in Spanish . The flows from the wells fed the Las Vegas Wash , which runs to the Colorado River .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6", "text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de52dce4b0e5f581d38de6cfbc2c5488", "text": "Opera Las Vegas Opera Las Vegas ( OLV ) is an opera company serving the Las Vegas Valley . Founded in April 1999 , Opera Las Vegas is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit corporation with a volunteer board of directors from the fields of law , accounting , planning and marketing as well as the musical and theatrical arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3", "text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f769a456177458311d2fe64141383ed6", "text": "Tamares Real Estate Investments Tamares Real Estate Investments is a global , privately owned real estate investment company based in London . It is a subsidiary of Tamares Group , headed by Poju Zabludowicz . Tamares is the largest landholder in downtown Las Vegas , owning 40 % of the land . Tamares acquires and operates its properties . Today , Tamares Group holds a $ 3 billion portfolio . Its real estate holdings encompass 2.3 million square feet of office space .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "315da705840e06fc7cc08fe100310a3a", "text": "Las Vegas Grammar School (Washington and D Streets, Las Vegas, Nevada) The Las Vegas Grammar School on Washington and D Streets in Las Vegas , Nevada , also known as the Westside School , Branch No. 1 , Las Vegas Grammar School , and Las Vegas Grammar School Branch No. 1 , is a Registered Historic Place in Nevada . It is Las Vegas ' oldest remaining schoolhouse and currently houses KCEP-FM , a community center and the Economic Opportunity Board .", "title": "" } ]
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757da26945631aceab6e6b9d64e043df
Michael Fassbender appeared in The Counselor in 2013.
[ { "docid": "25656e2e3db92463b382cc20b20528f1", "text": "Michael Fassbender Michael Fassbender ( born 2 April 1977 ) is a German-born Irish actor . His feature film debut was in the fantasy war epic 300 ( 2007 ) as a Spartan warrior ; his earlier roles included various stage productions , as well as starring roles on television such as in the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) and the Sky One fantasy drama Hex ( 2004 -- 05 ) . He first came to prominence for his role as IRA activist Bobby Sands in Hunger ( 2008 ) , for which he won a British Independent Film Award . Subsequent roles include in the independent film Fish Tank ( 2009 ) , as a Royal Marines lieutenant in Inglourious Basterds ( 2009 ) , as Edward Rochester in the 2011 film adaptation of Jane Eyre , as Carl Jung in A Dangerous Method ( 2011 ) , as a sentient android in Prometheus ( 2012 ) and its sequel , Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) , and in the musical comedy-drama Frank ( 2014 ) as an eccentric musician loosely inspired by Frank Sidebottom . In 2011 , Fassbender debuted as the Marvel Comics antihero Magneto in X-Men : First Class , and went on to share the role with Ian McKellen in X-Men : Days of Future Past ( 2014 ) , and reprise it again in X-Men : Apocalypse ( 2016 ) . Also in 2011 , Fassbender 's performance as a sex addict in Shame earned him the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival and was nominated for Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards . In 2013 , his role as slave owner Edwin Epps in the slavery epic 12 Years a Slave was similarly praised , earning him his first Oscar nomination for Best Supporting Actor . In 2013 , Fassbender appeared in another Ridley Scott film , The Counselor . In 2015 , he portrayed the title role in the Danny Boyle-directed biopic Steve Jobs ( 2015 ) , and played Macbeth in Justin Kurzel 's adaptation of William Shakespeare 's play . For the former , he has received Academy Award , BAFTA , Golden Globe and SAG nominations . In 2015 , he produced the western Slow West , in which he also starred .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7f28ddce32697066d260a7c440413de9", "text": "The Salvation (film) Not to be confused with Salvation ! ( 1987 film ) The Salvation is a 2014 Danish western film directed by Kristian Levring and written by Anders Thomas Jensen and Levring . The film stars Mads Mikkelsen , Eva Green , Jeffrey Dean Morgan , Jonathan Pryce , Eric Cantona , Mikael Persbrandt , Douglas Henshall and Michael Raymond-James .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f586cc29e06614ca14393988efdcc3a5", "text": "Hannah Fidell Hannah Margalit Fidell ( born October 7 , 1985 ) is an American film director , producer and screenwriter , known for her directorial debut drama film A Teacher ( 2013 ) . She also wrote and directed the romantic drama film 6 Years ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc240561f30d636cd333e045d84af385", "text": "Anthony Meindl Anthony Paul Meindl ( born January 14 , 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , stage and film actor , and founder and artistic director at the MetaTheatre Company and Anthony Meindl 's Actor Workshop in Los Angeles . The workshop has since expanded to locations in New York City , London , Sydney , Melbourne , and Vancouver . In the 1990s , Meindl played a character who was a genie named `` Hard Hat Harry '' in a number of video cassettes and DVDs aimed at introducing children to trucks , cars , construction vehicles , and others ( usually using the name `` Anthony Paul '' ) . He worked and lived in New York in the early 1990s and moved to Los Angeles in 1997 . He has been in many commercials for products and companies including Diet Coke , Philips Electronics , Bank of America , Nissan , Michelob Lite , Sears , Acura , Del Taco , Mervyns , and Behr Paint . He has also appeared in non-Broadway stage productions of Titus Andronicus , Merrily We Roll Along , and the LA Weekly Award-nominated Cabaret . He is openly gay . His film credits are almost exclusively gay-related , including the 1997 gay-themed drama David Searching , the 1998 gay-themed drama Minor Details , and the 2000 gay-themed comedy/drama Get Your Stuff . His latest film role was in the 2005 mystery comedy Death of a Saleswoman . He also appeared in a 1998 episode of Will & Grace . He has coached and worked with Shailene Woodley , Ashley Greene , Agnes Bruckner , Nick Robinson , Chace Crawford , Cory Monteith , Dania Ramirez , Sasha Alexander , Chris Owen , Stevie Lynn Jones , Dree Hemingway , Michael Lomenda , JC Chasez , China Chow , Brock Kelly , Judith Hill , Samantha Mumba , Rocco DiSpirito , Olivia Holt , Ian Harding , Alexandra Daddario , Edy Ganem , Trevor Donovan , Daniel Cudmore , Charlie Bewley , Ashton Holmes , Larissa Oleynik , Lorenza Izzo , Carmen Electra , Allison Miller , Jenna Dewan-Tatum , Lucy Fry , Josh Zuckerman , Sadie Calvano , Taryn Southern , Ryan Rottman , Chaz Bono , Jill Wagner , Joe Slaughter , Mark Hapka , Matt Dallas , Brad Rowe , and Quddus Phillippe . Meindl 's first feature screenplay , The Wonder Girls , was the Grand Prize Winning Feature Screenplay in the Slamdance Film Festival Screenplay Competition in 2007 . He was nominated as Best Director for the LA Weekly Awards two years in a row for Best Comedy ( Swimming In The Shallows ) and Best Drama ( Dogs Barking ) . The casts for both shows ( members of MetaTheatre Company , his acting studio ) were also nominated as Best Ensemble in a Comedy and Best Ensemble in a Drama . His first short , `` Ready ? OK ! '' , played in over a dozen International Film Festivals , winning numerous `` Best of '' Awards and premiered on MTV 's LOGO Network in 2009 as part of their `` Click List : Best In Short Film Series . '' It won the 2008 Planet Out Scion Viewer 's Choice Short Film Awards . Meindl 's first feature film , Birds of A Feather ( 2011 ) won him Best Director awards at the 2012 Downtown LA Film Festival and the 2013 Golden Door Film Festival and the Spirit of the Festival Award at the 2012 Honolulu Rainbow Film Festival . The film features Academy Award winner , Olympia Dukakis , Bruce Vilanch and Trevor Donovan . He is a regular contributor to The Huffington Post , The Daily Love , and Backstage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e45cea5d8ef85206f0fff53758a7c19", "text": "1 (2013 film) 1 or 1 : Life On The Limit is a 2013 documentary film directed by Paul Crowder and narrated by Michael Fassbender . The film traces the history of Formula One auto racing from its early years , in which some seasons had multiple fatalities , to the 1994 death of Ayrton Senna , the sport 's most recent death at the time of production . Extensive and often rare archival footage is used throughout .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f2987e754ce1cc14906e8add7599105", "text": "Ron Fassler Ron Fassler ( born March 4 , 1957 in New York City ) is an American film and television actor . He is best known for his role as Bryan Grazer , the LAPD captain in the Fox Network cult science fiction TV series Alien Nation . The series was canceled after a short run , but Fox brought it back in 1994 in a series of five TV movies . Fassler reprised his role as Captain Grazer in Alien Nation : Dark Horizon ( 1994 ) , Alien Nation : Body and Soul ( 1995 ) , Alien Nation : Millennium ( 1996 ) , Alien Nation : The Enemy Within ( 1996 ) , and Alien Nation : The Udara Legacy ( 1997 ) . His first TV role was in the 1981 TV movie Senior Trip , which also starred `` Alien Nation '' co-star Jeff Marcus . Seen as Ted Koppel in 2009 ` sWatchmen , Fassler 's first feature film appearance was in the 1990 comedy move Gremlins 2 : The New Batch ( 1990 ) . Other recent films include Charlie Wilson 's War ( 2008 ) , Hancock ( 2008 ) , Walk Hard : The Dewey Cox Story ( 2007 ) , For Your Consideration ( 2006 ) and Flags of Our Fathers ( 2006 ) . Fassler has made many guest appearances on TV shows ranging from NYPD Blue to The Facts of Life , Matlock , 7th Heaven and Star Trek : Voyager , along with recurring roles on Sisters and the recent critically acclaimed Side Order of Life . He even did multiple episodes of The Young and the Restless as Justin Johns . As a writer , Fassler co-wrote the Lifetime TV movie , How I Married My High School Crush ( 2007 ) and also wrote for the sitcom Murphy Brown . More recently , Fassler had a recurring role on the Disney XD sitcom Zeke and Luther where he played reporter Dale Davis . This role has also carried over to other Disney XD sitcoms including Kickin ' It and Pair of Kings . Fassler also appeared in the 2015 movie Trumbo . In recent years , Fassler has been directing shows at Priscilla Beach Theatre . A memoir , `` Up in the Cheap Seats '' which chronicles Fassler 's years as a teenage theatregoer , and includes interviews with more than 100 Broadway theatre artists , will be published in the fall of 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33e456ecdb6a3962a042fb2aaa609cfd", "text": "The Holcroft Covenant (film) The Holcroft Covenant is a spy thriller 1985 film based on the Robert Ludlum novel of the same name . The film starred Michael Caine and was directed by John Frankenheimer . The script was written by Edward Anhalt , George Axelrod , and John Hopkins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb25eb2d3b1fa9403ec83d12062d90a0", "text": "Cornealious Michael Anderson III Cornealious Michael `` Mike '' Anderson III ( born c. 1977 ) was convicted of armed robbery in 2000 and sentenced to 13 years in the Missouri state prison system . Shortly after his conviction he was released on bail pending the outcome of an appeal of his conviction . In May 2002 , his appeal was rejected but , due to a clerical error , his bond was not revoked when a warrant was issued for his arrest . It was unclear why he was not arrested and imprisoned to serve his 13-year sentence , but , apparently due to clerical errors and miscommunication , the Missouri Department of Corrections thought he was already in prison . The error was only discovered when he was scheduled to be released from prison in 2013 . On July 25 , 2013 he was arrested and required to serve his 13-year sentence . The case stirred controversy when investigative articles were written by Jessica Lussenhop in the Riverfront Times newspaper and when his case was covered nationally in the United States in an episode of This American Life . By April 2014 , his case began receiving extensive national and international attention . These articles and episode raised the question of whether he should be returned to prison 13 years after his conviction especially since the victim of his crime did not believe he should be in prison . Anderson 's attorney filed several appeals and petitions for his release from prison , and on May 5 , 2014 Anderson was released from prison . In 2014 , he was arrested for another crime , but subsequent videotape evidence showed that he could not have committed the crime and charges were dropped with an apology by Circuit Attorney Jennifer M. Joyce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9350953e7b71eae2fd9f10d3b3f894a5", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Michael Fassbender The following is a list of awards and nominations received by Irish-German actor Michael Fassbender throughout his acting career .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123", "text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ff97ef777f8ef906e8d68a0dacce7b3", "text": "Mark Fauser Mark Fauser is an American actor , director , screenwriter , and producer who currently operates the independent film movie studio , Overlook Productions . He has written several teleplays , plays , and movies , and has done major studio rewrites for companies such as Universal Studios , Paramount Pictures , Columbia Pictures and CBS Television . In 2002 his movie It 's All About You ( starring John D'Aquino ) was the `` Winner for Best Comedy '' at the 2001 Beverly Hills Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0201f079c6401272e1e5cbd2b2b62660", "text": "Mister John Mister John is a 2013 thriller film by Joe Lawlor and Christine Molloy , their second feature film following their debut Helen . It stars Aidan Gillen , Zoe Tay , Michael Thomas , and Claire Keelan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccd1f6917e7da5a86046ef187c814d4f", "text": "A Dangerous Method A Dangerous Method is a 2011 German-Canadian-American-British historical film directed by David Cronenberg and starring Keira Knightley , Viggo Mortensen , Michael Fassbender , and Vincent Cassel . The screenplay was adapted by writer Christopher Hampton from his 2002 stage play The Talking Cure , which was based on the 1993 non-fiction book by John Kerr , A Most Dangerous Method : The story of Jung , Freud , and Sabina Spielrein . The film marks the third consecutive collaboration between Cronenberg and Viggo Mortensen ( after A History of Violence and Eastern Promises ) . This is also the third Cronenberg film made with British film producer Jeremy Thomas , after completing together the William Burroughs adaptation Naked Lunch and the J. G. Ballard adaptation Crash . A Dangerous Method was a German/Canadian co-production . The film premiered at the 68th Venice Film Festival and was also featured at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival . Set on the eve of World War I , A Dangerous Method describes the turbulent relationships between Carl Jung , founder of analytical psychology ; Sigmund Freud , founder of the discipline of psychoanalysis ; and Sabina Spielrein , initially a patient of Jung and later a physician and one of the first female psychoanalysts . Among the film 's many honors , Mortensen was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture for his portrayal of Freud .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6520a1820c84afa526d24a21c5374fe9", "text": "Nick G. Miller Nick G. Miller ( born January 18 , 1964 in Dayton , Ohio ) , also known as Nick Miller , is an American businessperson . His main interests are within the entertainment industry , the marine industry , and business education . Miller is an award-winning screenwriter , filmmaker , movie producer , movie director , television producer , actor , music producer , film composer , public speaker , and philanthropist . He has owned various companies within the marine industry and is a consultant and keynote speaker . His acting credits include The Last Marshal , The Librarians , Chronicles of an Exorcism , and Catch of a Lifetime . He has produced feature films and television shows such as Palmetto , The Unlikely 's , Catch of a Lifetime , E! Entertainment 's Wild On the Mark Cuban series Art Mann Presents , Talent Rock , and CBS Television 's The Music Cafe Presents ( co-produced with Greg Rike and Greg Rike Studios ) . In 2005 , Miller , along with producing partner Matthew Ashford did a test shoot for a screenplay they had written together in the horror film genre entitled Chronicles of an Exorcism . The film was originally shelved by Miller and his producers , but has since been released on DVD . In October 2008 the movie was one of the most watched horror movies of all time and was listed near the top 100 ( # 116 ) on the Internet Movie Database . Miller is currently post production on the movie Windwalkers and in pre production on a screenplay co-written with published author Timothy G. Grogan . In April 2014 , as executive producer , Miller 's romantic comedy , Catch of a Lifetime , directed by Ben Klopfenstein and written by Miller , Klopfenstein , and book author Connie Neumann , won the Audience Choice for Best Feature award at the Silver Springs International Film Festival . Miller consults and works with companies on forming strategic alliance business plans via product placement , co-branding and media exposure . He has been instrumental in negotiating and placing products in feature films and television shows including War of the Worlds , I , Robot , Fun with Dick and Jane , Scream 3 , Charlie 's Angels , CSI : Miami , 24 , Nash Bridges , V.I.P. , and JAG . Nick G. Miller produces and hosts sales and motivational training workshops across the globe . He has trained thousands of sales and service staff members from companies including FTD Flowers , Harley-Davidson , Featherlite Luxury Coaches , Bombardier , Platinum Coach Works , Northeast Marine Trade Association , Rio Roses , and many others . Miller is also a music producer , and in 2009 became vice president of Living Legends Music , a property which includes a syndicated radio show , streaming iTunes radio , a DVD series , and the CBS television series The Music Cafe Presents , all featuring interviews with musicians . Miller also produced and hosted the 2009 DVD documentary Orleans : Official History & Music for the 1970s and 1980s band Orleans . He comes from a musical family dating back to 1940 when his great uncle Douglas Dalton , played mandolin and guitar for The Whippoorwills , Roy Rogers , Sons of the Pioneers , and other bands and musicians . Today , Miller performs with Nick Miller & The Gathering , a group consisting of rotating legendary musicians playing their own number one hits . Miller 's companies have produced nightclub events , swimwear modeling competitions , and VIP parties for Corona Beer , Harley-Davidson , Loews Hotels , Gibson , Universal Studios Theme Parks , Six Flags Theme Parks and others . Miller has been part of the marine industry since 1986 . As vice president , Miller played an instrumental part in resurrecting Donzi Marine in 1993 . Miller and Donzi Marine manager Steve Simon formed `` Team Donzi '' and raced a Donzi 38 ZX in the American Power Boat Association circuit . The team won two APBA/UIM World Championships five APBA National Championships . Under the same ownership group , Miller organized a marketing campaign and formed strategic alliances with non-endemic companies helping Pro-Line Boats become the # 1 selling fiberglass fishing boats in the United States . During the mid-2000s Miller consulted and worked with the offshore racing champion , Reggie Fountain and his company Fountain Powerboats . In 2012 he became a partner and shareholder of Sak Marine , a Georgia based company that manufactured Caravelle Boats , Key Largo Boats , Interceptor Performance Boats , Clearwater Fishing Boats , and Sea Hawk Boats . Nick Miller was introduced to Burt Reynolds at his home in Florida . The lunch meeting resulted in Miller being offered acting roles in two of Reynolds ' films . Soon after he would meet the man who would become his mentor ; the late award-winning filmmaker John Daly , of which just some of his movies includes Platoon , The Terminator , The Falcon and the Snowman , Salvador , Full Metal Jacket , The Bodyguard , and The Legend of Zorro .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "234aaa45e90ad34d01794d8e474df20e", "text": "Counseling (The Office) `` Counseling '' is the second episode of the seventh season of the American comedy television series The Office and the shows 128th episode overall . It originally aired on NBC on September 30 , 2010 . The episode was written by B. J. Novak and directed by Jeffrey Blitz . `` Counseling '' guest stars Eric Zuckerman as a store clerk , Vincent Angelo as a vendor , and Michael Schur as Mose Schrute . Evan Peters also appears as Luke Cooper in archival footage from the previous episode . The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In the episode , Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) is forced to have six hours of counseling with Toby Flenderson ( Paul Lieberstein ) after he physically reprimanded his nephew Luke ( Peters ) , but Michael refuses to make Toby 's job easy . Meanwhile , Pam Halpert ( Jenna Fischer ) attempts to finagle a promotion to office administrator and Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) boycotts the Steamtown Mall after a shop owner refuses to serve him . `` Counseling '' received mostly positive reviews from television critics . The episode was viewed by 7.36 million viewers and received a 3.7 rating among adults between the age of 18 and 49 , marking a significant drop in the ratings when compared to the previous week . Despite this , the episode was the highest-rated NBC series of the night that it aired , as well as the highest-rated non-sports NBC broadcast for the week it aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "694dada184a2cffa3c91241da5db7b79", "text": "Not Another Happy Ending Not Another Happy Ending is a 2013 British romantic comedy film directed by John McKay , starring Karen Gillan , Stanley Weber and Freya Mavor . Produced by Claire Mundell and Wendy Griffin , and written by David Solomons , the film premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 30 June 2013 . It was largely shot in Glasgow 's Merchant City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "281906af7db4545a3d9b57a70ba07660", "text": "Aaron Dean Eisenberg Aaron Dean Eisenberg ( born on September 7 , 1983 in New York ) is an American actor and producer . He grew up in Long Beach , NY .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2060c308718e50d560ebcb8ef91d2dd", "text": "The Believers The Believers is a 1987 American neo-noir thriller film directed by John Schlesinger , released in 1987 and starring Martin Sheen , Robert Loggia and Helen Shaver . It is based on the 1982 novel The Religion by Nicholas Conde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd", "text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8141af0a75902f0cebe9f9daaafbd140
Noam Chomsky is only a historian.
[ { "docid": "fcbee618bc3d29ca5c99d3e867262a15", "text": "Noam Chomsky Avram Noam Chomsky ( -LSB- æ ` vrɑːm _ ` noʊm_ˈtʃɒmski -RSB- ; born December 7 , 1928 ) is an American linguist , philosopher , cognitive scientist , historian , social critic , and political activist . Sometimes described as `` the father of modern linguistics '' , Chomsky is also a major figure in analytic philosophy and one of the founders of the field of cognitive science . He is Institute Professor Emeritus at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) , where he has worked since 1955 , and is the author of over 100 books on topics such as linguistics , war , politics , and mass media . Ideologically , he aligns with anarcho-syndicalism and libertarian socialism . Born to middle-class Ashkenazi Jewish immigrants in Philadelphia , Chomsky developed an early interest in anarchism from alternative bookstores in New York City . At the age of sixteen he began studies at the University of Pennsylvania , taking courses in linguistics , mathematics , and philosophy . From 1951 to 1955 he was appointed to Harvard University 's Society of Fellows , where he developed the theory of transformational grammar for which he was awarded his doctorate in 1955 . That year he began teaching at MIT , in 1957 emerging as a significant figure in the field of linguistics for his landmark work Syntactic Structures , which remodeled the scientific study of language , while from 1958 to 1959 he was a National Science Foundation fellow at the Institute for Advanced Study . He is credited as the creator or co-creator of the universal grammar theory , the generative grammar theory , the Chomsky hierarchy , and the minimalist program . Chomsky also played a pivotal role in the decline of behaviorism , being particularly critical of the work of B. F. Skinner . An outspoken opponent of U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War , which he saw as an act of American imperialism , in 1967 Chomsky attracted widespread public attention for his anti-war essay `` The Responsibility of Intellectuals '' . Associated with the New Left , he was arrested multiple times for his activism and placed on President Richard Nixon 's Enemies List . While expanding his work in linguistics over subsequent decades , he also became involved in the Linguistics Wars . In collaboration with Edward S. Herman , Chomsky later co-wrote an analysis articulating the propaganda model of media criticism , and worked to expose the Indonesian occupation of East Timor . However , his defense of unconditional freedom of speech -- including for Holocaust deniers -- generated significant controversy in the Faurisson affair of the early 1980s . Following his retirement from active teaching , he has continued his vocal political activism , including opposing the War on Terror and supporting the Occupy movement . One of the most cited scholars in history , Chomsky has influenced a broad array of academic fields . He is widely recognized as a paradigm shifter who helped spark a major revolution in the human sciences , contributing to the development of a new cognitivistic framework for the study of language and the mind . In addition to his continued scholarly research , he remains a leading critic of U.S. foreign policy , neoliberalism and contemporary state capitalism , the Israeli -- Palestinian conflict , and mainstream news media . His ideas have proved highly significant within the anti-capitalist and anti-imperialist movements , but have also drawn criticism , with some accusing Chomsky of anti-Americanism .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d7962a01436f911a28e75d15bda5ebde", "text": "Orthodox Marxism Orthodox Marxism is the body of Marxist thought that emerged following the death of Karl Marx which became the official philosophy of the socialist movement as represented in the Second International until the First World War . Orthodox Marxism aims to simplify , codify and systematize Marxist methodology and theory , ironing out the perceived ambiguities and contradictions of Classical Marxism . The `` orthodoxy '' in orthodox Marxism specifically refers to the methodology of historical materialism and dialectical materialism employed and not to any of the normative aspects inherent to classical Marxism . `` Orthodox '' does not imply adherence to the results of Marx 's own investigations . The fundamental characteristics of orthodox Marxism include the understanding that material development ( advances in technology in the productive forces ) is the primary agent of change in the structure of society and human social relations , and that social systems and their relations ( e.g. : feudalism , capitalism , etc. ) become increasingly contradictory and inefficient as the productive forces advance , resulting in some form of social revolution arising in response to these mounting contradictions . This revolutionary change serves as the vehicle for fundamental society-wide changes and ultimately leads to the emergence of new economic systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac759ded436db9f8e8f48d6663f22adf", "text": "Quantitative history Quantitative history is an approach to historical research that makes use of quantitative , statistical and computer tools . It is considered a branch of social science history and has four leading journals : Historical Methods ( 1967 - ) , Journal of Interdisciplinary History ( 1968 - ) , the Social Science History ( 1976 - ) , and Cliodynamics : The Journal of Quantitative History and Cultural Evolution ( 2010 - ) . Quantitative historians start with databases . Large quantities of economic and demographic data are available in print format . Quantifiers move these into computerized databases . The largest repository is the Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research ( ICPSR ) at the University of Michigan , which provides access to an extensive collection of downloadable political and social data for the United States and the world .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "002b63cbe35954fa35d99c461cd8b3b9", "text": "Companion to British History The Companion to British History ( ISBN 978-0-9560983-0-6 ) is a single-volume encyclopaedic reference work `` bigger than a foundation stone , longer than the Bible '' ( Daily Telegraph ) written by the sole hand of Charles Arnold-Baker and edited by his son Henry von Blumenthal in 1996 who , as proprietor of Longcross Press , published the First and Third Editions . It was described by The Spectator as `` arguably one of the most remarkable books ever written '' . An account of how the book came to be written and published appeared as a feature article in the Daily Telegraph . The Second Edition was by Routledge . Category : British non-fiction literature", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f0d7e9fa022abff58ae6db95de49e87", "text": "We Have Never Been Modern We Have Never Been Modern is a 1991 book by Bruno Latour , originally published in French as Nous n'avons jamais été modernes : Essai d'anthropologie symétrique ( English translation : 1993 ) . The book is an `` anthropology of science '' that explores the dualistic distinction modernity makes between nature and society . Pre-modern peoples , argues Latour , made no such division . Contemporary matters of public concern such as global warming , the HIV/AIDS pandemic and emerging biotechnologies mix politics , science , popular and specialist discourse to such a degree that a tidy nature/culture dualism is no longer possible . This inconsistency has given rise to post-modern and anti-modern movements . Latour attempts to reconnect the social and natural worlds by arguing that the modernist distinction between nature and culture never existed . He claims we must rework our thinking to conceive of a `` Parliament of Things '' wherein natural phenomena , social phenomena and the discourse about them are not seen as separate objects to be studied by specialists , but as hybrid made and scrutinized by the public interaction of people , things and concepts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37900a2fd1f78ec42c49287898b2df73", "text": "Comparative history Comparative history is the comparison of different societies which existed during the same time period or shared similar cultural conditions . The comparative history of societies emerged as an important specialty among intellectuals in the Enlightenment in the 18th century , as typified by Montesquieu , Voltaire , Adam Smith , and others . Sociologists and economists in the 19th century often explored comparative history , as exemplified by Alexis de Tocqueville , Karl Marx , and Max Weber . In the first half of the 20th century , a large reading public followed the comparative histories of ( German ) Oswald Spengler , ( Russian-American ) Pitirim Sorokin , and ( British ) Arnold J. Toynbee . Since the 1950s , however , comparative history has faded from the public view , and is now the domain of specialized scholars working independently . Besides the people mentioned above , recent exemplars of comparative history include American historians Herbert E. Bolton and Carroll Quigley , and British historian Geoffrey Barraclough . Several sociologists are also prominent in this field , including Barrington Moore , S. N. Eisenstadt , Seymour Martin Lipset , Charles Tilly , and Michael Mann . Historians generally accept the comparison of particular institutions ( banking , women 's rights , ethnic identities ) in different societies , but since the hostile reaction to Toynbee in the 1950s , generally do not pay much attention to sweeping comparative studies that cover wide swaths of the world over many centuries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc0239c74544dc637a5dd1e817fee17", "text": "Ahistoricism Ahistoricism refers to a lack of concern for history , historical development , or tradition . Charges of ahistoricism are frequently critical , implying that the subject is historically inaccurate or ignorant ( for example , an ahistorical attitude ) . It can also describe a person 's failure to frame an argument or issue in a historical context or to disregard historical fact or implication . An example of this would be films including dinosaurs and prehistoric human beings living side by side , even though they were in reality millions of years apart . It also can be descriptive of a view that history has no relevance or importance in the decision making of modern life . In some academic contexts , ahistoricism is the accepted norm . For example , the history of science is generally considered a quite separate discipline from , and not directly important to , research science . In philosophy , some criticism has arisen because `` the dominant school of philosophy in the English speaking world , analytic philosophy -LSB- ... -RSB- has been trenchantly ahistorical , and indeed anti-historical '' , but that this is a problem remains a minority view . A more abstract definition of ahistoricism is simply independence from time , i.e. removed from history . For example , the idea that some concepts are n't governed by what is learned or has happened in the past , but come from an ahistoric power , independent of what has gone before .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a0f8c3340cccda6dd14eada41d559d5", "text": "Politics (magazine 1944–1949) politics was a journal founded and edited by Dwight Macdonald from 1944 to 1949 . Macdonald had previously been editor at Partisan Review from 1937 to 1943 , but after falling out with its publishers , quit to start politics as a rival publication , first on a monthly basis and then as a quarterly . politics published essays on politics and culture and included among its contributors James Agee , John Berryman , Bruno Bettelheim , Paul Goodman , C. Wright Mills , Mary McCarthy , Marianne Moore , Irving Howe , Daniel Bell , Hannah Arendt . The journal reflected Macdonald 's interest in European culture . He used politics to introduce US readers to the thinking of the French philosopher Simone Weil , publishing several articles by her , including `` A Poem of Force '' , her reflections on the Iliad . He also printed work by Albert Camus . Another European , the Italian political and literary critic Nicola Chiaromonte , was also given space in the journal . politics was also Macdonald 's vehicle for his repeated and energetic attacks against Henry Wallace and his Progressive Party campaign for President . In a letter to Philip Rahv at the end of December 1943 , George Orwell mentioned that Macdonald had written asking him to contribute to his forthcoming journal . Orwell had replied telling him he might `` do something ` cultural ' '' but not ` political ' as he was already writing his `` London Letters '' to Partisan Review . In his `` As I Please '' article for the 16 June 1944 issue of Tribune , George Orwell recommended politics . He stated that he disagreed with its policy but admired `` its combination of highbrow political analysis with intelligent literary criticism . '' He went on to add that there were no monthly or quarterly magazines in England `` to come up to '' the American ones , of which there were several . Macdonald , in an editorial comment for the November 1944 issue of politics referred to a letter from Orwell which cast interesting light on the ` russification ' of English political thought over the last two years . Orwell had read the May issue 's review of Harold Laski 's Faith , Reason and Civilisation and mentioned that the Manchester Evening News , the evening edition of the Manchester Guardian , had refused to print his own review because of its anti-Stalin implications . Despite considering the book `` pernicious tripe '' , Orwell had praised the author for being `` aware that the USSR is the real dynamo of the Socialist movement in this country and everywhere else . '' , but criticized him for shutting his eyes to `` purges , liquidations '' , etc. . Macdonald pointed out that the fact that such a review should be considered `` too hot '' shows how much the feats of the Red Army had misled the English public opinion about Russia . He added that the `` English liberal press had been far more honest about the Moscow Trials than our own liberal journals '' and that Trotsky had been able to write in the Guardian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b05834b470f99a49e0742572a9cf2d3", "text": "Deterring Democracy Deterring Democracy is a book published in 1991 by Noam Chomsky , which explores the differences between the humanitarian rhetoric and imperialistic reality of United States foreign policy and how it affects various countries around the world . In the book , Chomsky explores the idea that the US is the only remaining world superpower that works to maintain its dominance , even ruthlessly employing violence such as outright invasions and overthrowing governments pursuing independent economic policies . He also discusses the large difference between public opinion on the Cold War , establishment American educated opinion and reality . The book also contains criticism aimed at the Soviet Union and other communist states , but its major point centres on the fact that although the United States claimed to support freedom in the Cold War , it still supported authoritarian regimes . The conclusion that Chomsky comes to is that , despite U.S claims of supporting freedom , their actual aim was maintaining dominance over resources and geopolitical power .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0c020b16d82f9909ae54a18ae61791e", "text": "Robert Service (historian) Robert John Service ( born 29 October 1947 ) is a British historian , academic , and author who has written extensively on the history of the Soviet Union , particularly the era from the October Revolution to Stalin 's death . He was until 2013 a professor of Russian history at the University of Oxford , a Fellow of St Antony 's College , Oxford , and a senior Fellow at Stanford University 's Hoover Institution . Service is known for his biographies of Vladimir Lenin , Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a00129aa2519844cbf5856b097a7911", "text": "Presentism (literary and historical analysis) In literary and historical analysis , presentism is the anachronistic introduction of present-day ideas and perspectives into depictions or interpretations of the past . Some modern historians seek to avoid presentism in their work because they consider it a form of cultural bias , and believe it creates a distorted understanding of their subject matter . The practice of presentism is regarded by some as a common fallacy in historical writing . The Oxford English Dictionary gives the first citation for presentism in its historiographic sense from 1916 , and the word may have been used in this meaning as early as the 1870s . The historian David Hackett Fischer identifies presentism as a fallacy also known as the `` fallacy of nunc pro tunc '' . He has written that the `` classic example '' of presentism was the so-called `` Whig history '' , in which certain eighteenth - and nineteenth-century British historians wrote history in a way that used the past to validate their own political beliefs . This interpretation was presentist because it did not depict the past in objective historical context but instead viewed history only through the lens of contemporary Whig beliefs . In this kind of approach , which emphasizes the relevance of history to the present , things that do not seem relevant receive little attention , which results in a misleading portrayal of the past . `` Whig history '' or `` whiggishness '' are often used as synonyms for presentism particularly when the historical depiction in question is teleological or triumphalist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "820315141a287d7d4c404d722c6b7c54", "text": "A History of Philosophy (Copleston) A History of Philosophy is an eleven-volume history of Western philosophy written by English Jesuit priest Frederick Charles Copleston . Copleston 's History provides extensive coverage of Western philosophy from the Pre-Socratics through Dewey , Russell , Moore , Sartre and Merleau-Ponty . The first nine volumes , originally published between 1946 and 1974 , were written for Catholic seminary students with the goal `` of supplying Catholic ecclesiastical seminaries with a work that should be somewhat more detailed and of wider scope than the textbooks , commonly in use , and which at the same time should endeavour to exhibit the logical development and interconnection of philosophical systems . '' A tenth volume was added in 1986 , and the eleventh is actually a collection of essays which appeared in 1956 as Contemporary Philosophy . Throughout the eleven volumes Copleston 's Roman Catholic ( Thomist ) point of view is never hidden . All the same , it seems generally accepted that Copleston 's treatment is fair and complete , even for philosophical positions that he does not support .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6aa250c0af3908a423019faec56fcdfa", "text": "American Radical: The Trials of Norman Finkelstein American Radical : The Trials of Norman Finkelstein is a 2009 documentary film about the life of the American academic Norman Finkelstein , directed and produced by David Ridgen and Nicolas Rossier . The documentary features Finkelstein and several of his supporters and opponents , including Noam Chomsky and Alan Dershowitz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bf9d8633ed05661bf64b0ecb3d850738", "text": "Military humanism Military humanism is the use of force and violence to further a humanitarian cause . Although it can easily be disputed whether or not furthering a humanitarian cause is the real intention behind such an action , the theoretical descriptive guideline still applies . The U.S.-led North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) intervention in the Balkans is the most well-known case , and brought the term to prominence . The concept is most widely explored in Noam Chomsky 's book The New Military Humanism : Lessons from Kosovo ( 1999 ) in which he argues that NATO 's 1999 bombing of Kosovo was not conducted for humanitarian reasons but to further the military hegemony of western democratic powers such as the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b623b2f8759d764f32265494bcf6d8b", "text": "Marxist philosophy Marxist philosophy or Marxist theory are works in philosophy that are strongly influenced by Karl Marx 's materialist approach to theory , or works written by Marxists . Marxist philosophy may be broadly divided into Western Marxism , which drew out of various sources , and the official philosophy in the Soviet Union , which enforced a rigid reading of Marx called dialectical materialism , in particular during the 1930s . Marxist philosophy is not a strictly defined sub-field of philosophy , because the diverse influence of Marxist theory has extended into fields as varied as aesthetics , ethics , ontology , epistemology , theoretical psychology and philosophy of science , as well as its obvious influence on political philosophy and the philosophy of history . The key characteristics of Marxism in philosophy are its materialism and its commitment to political practice as the end goal of all thought . Marxist theorist Louis Althusser , for example , defined philosophy as `` class struggle in theory '' , thus radically separating himself from those who claimed philosophers could adopt a `` God 's eye view '' as a purely neutral judge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14d4e859c9a782066a8c84ea32337595", "text": "On the Jewish Question `` On the Jewish Question '' is a work by Karl Marx , written in 1843 , and first published in Paris in 1844 under the German title `` Zur Judenfrage '' in the Deutsch -- Französische Jahrbücher . It was one of Marx 's first attempts to develop what would later be called the materialist conception of history . The essay criticizes two studies by Marx 's fellow Young Hegelian Bruno Bauer on the attempt by Jews to achieve political emancipation in Prussia . Bauer argued that Jews could achieve political emancipation only by relinquishing their particular religious consciousness , since political emancipation requires a secular state , which he assumes does not leave any `` space '' for social identities such as religion . According to Bauer , such religious demands are incompatible with the idea of the `` Rights of Man '' . True political emancipation , for Bauer , requires the abolition of religion . Marx uses Bauer 's essay as an occasion for his own analysis of liberal rights , arguing that Bauer is mistaken in his assumption that in a `` secular state '' religion will no longer play a prominent role in social life , and giving as an example the pervasiveness of religion in the United States , which , unlike Prussia , had no state religion . In Marx 's analysis , the `` secular state '' is not opposed to religion , but rather actually presupposes it . The removal of religious or property qualifications for citizens does not mean the abolition of religion or property , but only introduces a way of regarding individuals in abstraction from them . On this note Marx moves beyond the question of religious freedom to his real concern with Bauer 's analysis of `` political emancipation '' . Marx concludes that while individuals can be `` spiritually '' and `` politically '' free in a secular state , they can still be bound to material constraints on freedom by economic inequality , an assumption that would later form the basis of his critiques of capitalism . A number of scholars and commentators regard `` On the Jewish Question '' , and in particular its second section , which addresses Bauer 's work `` The Capacity of Present-day Jews and Christians to Become Free '' , as antisemitic ; however , a number of others disagree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6b78077cedeead35d2441e28a34ceec", "text": "Hamid Ahmadi (historian) Hamid Ahmadi ( born April 15 , 1945 in Sari , Iran ) is a historian of modern Iranian history . He received his Msc in Naval Studies , M.A. in Political Science and worked on his Ph.D in this field at the Free University of Berlin . Ahmadi was member of the Iranian Military-Naval Strategic Committee and military adviser to the defense minister in 1979 and military adviser to former Iranian president Abulhassan Banisadr in 1980 to 1981 . He is the founder and director of the Research Association for Iranian Oral History ( RAIOH ) , which aims to expand knowledge of recent and contemporary Iranian history and politics by covering more general aspects of social history . In pursuit of these objectives , the association conducts oral history interviews and also collects documents , both manuscript and printed . While RAIOH has interviewed many leading politicians , diplomats and soldiers , it also tries to preserve for posterity the ideas , sentiments , experience , lives and what the French Annales School calls the mentalities of those not belonging to the elite -- some of whom come from the lower middle-class and even the working class .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2ed62ec22b2ab6b29cbd13b9250c39c", "text": "History of Shit History of Shit ( Histoire de la merde : Prologue ) is a 1978 book by French psychoanalyst Dominique Laporte ( 1949 -- 1984 ) . It uses an idiosyncratic method of historical genealogy derived from , among others , Friedrich Nietzsche , Sigmund Freud , Georges Bataille , and Michel Foucault , to show how the development of sanitation techniques in Western Europe affected the formation of modern notions of individuality . Laporte examines this influence through the historical processes of urbanization , the apotheosis of nationalism , practices of capitalist exchange , and linguistic reform . In the English translation of the book by Nadia Benabid and Rodolphe el-Khoury in 1993 , el-Khoury explains how for Laporte , `` the history of shit becomes the history of subjectivity '' and how his book becomes `` a prehistory to modernity and the modern subject '' ( viii ) . el-Khoury identifies Laporte 's scholarly strategy of joining the ridiculous and the profound as inherently political . Laporte 's stated ambition is to `` remove a few masks with the roar of our laughter , laugh them off the figures of power '' ( ix ) . In a previous work with Renée Balibar , Le Français national : politique et pratiques de la langue nationale sous la Revolution Française , Laporte studied language reforms carried out in the name of the French Revolution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b73f642ca656279180828ccf71950907", "text": "Political positions of Noam Chomsky Noam Chomsky is a widely known intellectual , political activist , and critic of the foreign policy of the United States and other governments . Noam Chomsky describes himself as a libertarian socialist , a sympathizer of anarcho-syndicalism , and is considered to be a key intellectual figure within the left-wing of US politics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1f394a7847492d561387e37c2acc54", "text": "Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences The Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences is a specialized fifteen-volume Encyclopedia first published in 1930 and last published in 1967 . It was envisaged in the 1920s by scholars working in disciplines which increasingly were coming to be known as `` Human - '' or `` Social Sciences . '' The goal was to create a comprehensive synthesis of the study of human affairs as undertaken by practitioners of all fields involved in such study . The parameters of what would come to be known as `` Social Science '' were in many ways initially established and defined by this publication . The Encyclopaedia 's founding organizations included the American Anthropological Association , the American Association of Social Workers , the American Economic Association , the American Historical Association , the American Political Science Association , the American Psychological Association , the American Sociological Society , the American Statistical Association , the Association of American Law Schools , and the National Education Association . It was edited by American economists Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman and Alvin Saunders Johnson . Seligman and Johnson solicited contributions from many of the most known and respected scholars in their fields , and established many links with European scholars in the process . The Rockefeller Foundation , Carnegie Foundation , and Russell Sage Foundation provided initial financial support , and Macmillan was selected as publisher . The international network of social scientists developed in the process of creating the Encyclopaedia would prove especially important during the Nazi occupation of Europe , during which many contributing scholars fled persecution for their ideas . Under Johnson 's invitation , several of these scholars would come to New York City and form the `` University in Exile , '' a specialized graduate school now known as the New School for Social Research . The Encyclopaedia was last printed in 1967 , then in its 16th edition . It was succeeded by the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , edited by David L. Sills , and also published by MacMillan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc2d793707dab92007ce7ddde532c819", "text": "The Underground History of American Education The Underground History of American Education : A Schoolteacher 's Intimate Investigation Into the Problem of Modern Schooling ( ISBN 0-945700-05-9 , pbk . ISBN 0-945700-04-0 ) is a critique of the United States education system by John Taylor Gatto . A former teacher , Gatto left the classroom the same year he was named New York State Teacher of the Year . He announced his decision in a letter titled `` I Quit , I Think '' . Using anecdotes gathered from thirty years of teaching , alongside documentation , Gatto presents his view of modern compulsion schooling as opposed to genuine education , describing a `` conflict between systems which offer physical safety and certainty at the cost of suppressing free will , and those which offer liberty at the price of constant risk '' . Gatto argues that educational strategies promoted by government and industry leaders for over a century included the creation of a system that keeps real power in the hands of very few people . From the book 's Introduction : '' ... Underground History is n't a history proper , but a collection of materials toward a history , embedded in a personal essay analyzing why mass compulsion schooling is unreformable . The history I have unearthed is important to our understanding ; it 's a good start , I believe , but much remains undone . '' '' ... what I 'm trying to describe -LSB- is -RSB- that what has happened to our schools was inherent in the original design for a planned economy and a planned society laid down so proudly at the end of the nineteenth century . '' Russ Kick offers this in summary : `` In other words , the captains of industry and government explicitly wanted an educational system that would maintain social order by teaching us just enough to get by but not enough so that we could think for ourselves , question the sociopolitical order , or communicate articulately . '' The book was read from 2006-2007 for the Unwelcome Guests radio show . The second edition of the book is expected to be released in November , 2015 , with a foreword by Ron Paul .", "title": "" } ]
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39da0f369b1e983e0ae151c46869e338
Haiti shares an island in the Caribbean with the Dominican Republic.
[ { "docid": "50ff01dae1b3e101f02349e486e01771", "text": "Dominican Republic The Dominican Republic ( República Dominicana -LSB- reˈpuβlika ðominiˈkana -RSB- ) is a sovereign state occupying the eastern five-eighths of the island of Hispaniola , in the Greater Antilles archipelago in the Caribbean region . The western three-eighths of the island is occupied by the nation of Haiti , making Hispaniola one of two Caribbean islands , along with Saint Martin , that are shared by two countries . The Dominican Republic is the second-largest Caribbean nation by area ( after Cuba ) at 48445 km2 , and 3rd by population with approximately 10 million people , of which approximately three million live in the metropolitan area of Santo Domingo , the capital city . Christopher Columbus landed on the Western part of Hispaniola , in what is now Haiti , on December 6 , 1492 . The island became the first seat of Spanish colonial rule in the New World . The Dominican people declared independence in November 1821 but were forcefully annexed by their more powerful neighbor Haiti in February 1822 . After the 1844 victory in the Dominican War of Independence against Haitian rule the country fell again under Spanish colonial rule until the Dominican War of Restoration of 1865 . The Dominican Republic experienced mostly internal strife ( Second Republic ) until 1916 . A United States occupation lasted eight years between 1916 and 1924 , and a subsequent calm and prosperous six-year period under Horacio Vásquez Lajara was followed by the dictatorship of Rafael Leónidas Trujillo Molina until 1961 . A civil war in 1965 , the country 's most recent , was ended by another U.S. military occupation and was followed by the authoritarian rule of Joaquín Balaguer from 1966 to 1978 . Since then , the Dominican Republic has moved toward representative democracy and has been led by Leonel Fernández for most of the time since 1996 . Danilo Medina , the Dominican Republic 's current president , succeeded Fernandez in 2012 , winning 51 % of the electoral vote over his opponent , ex-president Hipólito Mejía . The Dominican Republic has the ninth-largest economy in Latin America and is the largest economy in the Caribbean and Central American region . Though long known for agriculture and mining , the economy is now dominated by services . Over the last two decades , the Dominican Republic have been standing out as one of the fastest-growing economies in the Americas -- with an average real GDP growth rate of 5.4 % between 1992 and 2014 . GDP growth in 2014 and 2015 reached 7.3 and 7.0 % , respectively , the highest in the Western Hemisphere . In the first half of 2016 the Dominican economy grew 7.4 % continuing its trend of rapid economic growth . Recent growth has been driven by construction , manufacturing and tourism . Private consumption has been strong , as a result of low inflation ( under 1 % on average in 2015 ) , job creation , as well as high level of remittances . The Dominican Republic has a stock market , Bolsa de Valores de la Republica Dominicana ( BVRD ) . and advanced telecommunication system and transportation infrastructure . Nevertheless , unemployment , government corruption , and inconsistent electric service remain major Dominican problems . The country also has `` marked income inequality . '' International migration affects the Dominican Republic greatly , as it receives and sends large flows of migrants . Mass illegal Haitian immigration and the integration of Dominicans of Haitian descent are major issues . A large Dominican diaspora exists , mostly in the United States , contributes to development , sending billions of dollars to Dominican families in remittances . The Dominican Republic is the most visited destination in the Caribbean . The year-round golf courses are major attractions . A geographically diverse nation , the Dominican Republic is home to both the Caribbean 's tallest mountain peak , Pico Duarte , as the Caribbean 's largest lake and point of lowest elevation , Lake Enriquillo . The island has an average temperature of 26 ° C and great climatic and biological diversity . The country is also the site of the first cathedral , castle , monastery , and fortress built in all of the Americas , located in Santo Domingo 's Colonial Zone , a World Heritage Site . Music and sport are of great importance in the Dominican culture , with Merengue and Bachata as the national dance and music , and baseball as the favorite sport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a4257c520011341697d0fd5fdcdb08a", "text": "Haiti Haiti ( -LSB- ˈheɪti -RSB- Haïti -LSB- a.iti -RSB- Ayiti -LSB- ajiti -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Haiti and formerly called Hayti , is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea . It occupies the western three-eighths of the island , which it shares with the Dominican Republic . Haiti is 27750 km2 in size and has an estimated 10.6 million people , making it the most populous country in the Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) and the second-most populous country in the Caribbean as a whole . The region was originally inhabited by the indigenous Taíno people . Spain discovered the island on 5 December 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher Columbus across the Atlantic . When Columbus initially landed in Haiti , he had thought he had found India or Asia . On Christmas Day 1492 , Columbus ' flagship the Santa Maria ran aground north of what is now Limonade . As a consequence , Columbus ordered his men to salvage what they could from the ship , and he created the first European settlement in the Americas , naming it La Navidad after the day the ship was destroyed . The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain , which ruled until the early 17th century . Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France , which named it Saint-Domingue . The development of sugarcane plantations , worked by slaves brought from Africa , led to the colony being among the most lucrative in the world . In the midst of the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 1799 ) , slaves and free people of colour revolted in the Haitian Revolution ( 1791 -- 1804 ) , culminating in the abolition of slavery and the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte 's army at the Battle of Vertières . Afterward the sovereign nation of Haiti was established on 1 January 1804 the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean , the second republic in the Americas , the only nation in the western hemisphere to have defeated three European superpowers ( France , Spain , and the UK ) , and the only nation in the world established as a result of a successful slave revolt . The rebellion that began in 1791 was led by a former slave and the first black general of the French Army , Toussaint Louverture , whose military genius and political acumen transformed an entire society of slaves into an independent country . Upon his death in a prison in France , he was succeeded by his lieutenant , Jean-Jacques Dessalines , who declared Haiti 's sovereignty and later became the first Emperor of Haiti , Jacques I . The Haitian Revolution lasted just over a dozen years ; and apart from Alexandre Pétion , the first President of the Republic , all the first leaders of government were former slaves . The Citadelle Laferrière is the largest fortress in the Americas . Henri Christophe former slave and first king of Haiti , Henri I built it to withstand a possible foreign attack . It is a founding member of the United Nations , Organization of American States ( OAS ) , Association of Caribbean States , and the International Francophonie Organisation . In addition to CARICOM , it is a member of the International Monetary Fund , World Trade Organization , and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States . It has the lowest Human Development Index in the Americas . Most recently , in February 2004 , a coup d'état originating in the north of the country forced the resignation and exile of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide . A provisional government took control with security provided by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti ( MINUSTAH ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "00f3a69f001faa6b9972ae7572a1d9d0", "text": "Human trafficking in Venezuela Venezuela is a source , transit , and destination country for men , women , and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor . Venezuela 's political , economic , and social concerns contribute to the factors and types of human trafficking in the country . In particular , the severe poverty in Venezuela has increased the rate of human trafficking . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country for sexual exploitation , lured from poor regions in the nation 's interior to urban and tourist areas . Victims are recruited through false job offers and subsequently forced into prostitution or conditions of labor exploitation . Child prostitution in urban areas and child sex tourism in resort destinations such as Margarita Island appear to be growing . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation to Western Europe and Mexico , in addition to Caribbean destinations such as Trinidad and Tobago , Aruba , and the Dominican Republic . Men , women , and children from Colombia , Peru , Ecuador , Brazil , the Dominican Republic , and the People 's Republic of China are trafficked to and through Venezuela and may be subjected to commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "279ffbc2bda502e62f1abc22445bdc8a", "text": "Arab Haitians Arab Haitians are Haitian citizens of Arab ethnic . In Haiti , there are a sizable number of Haitians that are of Middle-Eastern ancestry or trace their origins to Arab descendants . Hadrami and Levantine Arabic ancestry can be found within the Arab Haitian community known in Arabic as Bilad al-Sham , primarily Lebanon and Syria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c41a1eb7db7560a27fe90a2d779b9025", "text": "Human trafficking in Panama Panama is a source , transit , and destination country for women and children subjected to trafficking in persons , specifically forced prostitution . Although some Panamanian women and girls are found in forced prostitution in other countries in Latin America and in Europe , most Panamanian trafficking victims are exploited within the country . Although statistics were lacking , both NGOs and government officials anecdotally reported that commercial sexual exploitation of children was greater in rural areas and in the city of Colon than in Panama City . NGOs report that some Panamanian children , mostly young girls , are subjected to involuntary domestic servitude . Most foreign sex trafficking victims are adult women from Colombia , the Dominican Republic , and neighboring Central American countries ; some victims migrate voluntarily to Panama to work but are subsequently forced into prostitution . Weak controls along Panama 's borders make the nation an easy transit point for irregular migrants , from Latin America , East Africa , and Asia , some of whom may fall victim to human trafficking . The government of Panama does not fully comply with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking ; however , it is making significant efforts to do so . During the reporting period , authorities increased public awareness about the prostitution of children through seminars in schools and an outreach campaign with the tourism sector . Despite such efforts , the government showed little evidence of progress in combating human trafficking . Law enforcement efforts remained weak , the Panamanian penal code did not prohibit trafficking for forced labor , and the government failed to provide adequate assistance to victims and to identify trafficking victims among vulnerable populations ; therefore , Panama is placed on Tier 2 Watch List .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c767c4ad736afab5d6c0cf7017a62d5", "text": "Territorial evolution of the Caribbean This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the Caribbean and nearby areas of North , Central , and South America , listing each change to the internal and external borders of the various countries that make up the region . The region covered is the Caribbean , its islands ( most of which enclose the sea ) , and the surrounding coasts , as well as the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico , Florida , Central America , and the northern region of South America . The political evolution of the land surrounding the Caribbean reveals the significant role the region played in the colonial struggles of the European powers since Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492 . In the 20th century the Caribbean was again important during World War II , in the decolonization wave in the post-war period , and in the tension between Communist Cuba and the United States ( U.S. ) . Genocide , slavery , immigration and rivalry between world powers have given Caribbean history an impact disproportionate to the size of this small region . At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean , three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands : the Taíno in the Greater Antilles , The Bahamas and the Leeward Islands ; the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands ; and the Ciboney in western Cuba . The Taínos are subdivided into Classic Taínos , who occupied Hispaniola and Puerto Rico , Western Taínos , who occupied Cuba , Jamaica , and the Bahamian archipelago , and the Eastern Taínos , who occupied the Leeward Islands . Trinidad was inhabited by both Carib speaking and Arawak-speaking groups .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4dcef78e77ee3e3350e45683ba7ed7c7", "text": "Outline of Trinidad and Tobago The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Trinidad and Tobago : Trinidad and Tobago -- sovereign island nation located in the Lesser Antilles Archipelago in the southeastern Caribbean Sea . Trinidad and Tobago lies northeast of Venezuela and south of the island nation of Grenada . It also shares maritime boundaries with Barbados to the northeast and Guyana to the southeast . The country covers an area of 5,128 square kilometers ( 1,979 sq mi ) and consists of two main islands , Trinidad and Tobago , and numerous smaller landforms . Trinidad is the larger and more populous of the main islands ; Tobago is much smaller , comprising about 6 % of the total area and 4 % of the population . The nation lies outside the hurricane belt . Officially Trinidadians or Tobagonians , the people from Trinidad and Tobago are often informally referred to as Trinbagonians or Trinis ( for Trinidadians ) . Unlike most of the English-speaking Caribbean , Trinidad and Tobago is a primarily industrialised country whose economy is based on petroleum and petrochemicals . Trinidad and Tobago is famous for its pre-Lenten Carnival and as the birthplace of steelpan , calypso , chutney , chutney-soca , pichakaree , chut-kai-pang , cariso , kaiso , parang , soca , and limbo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "603cb065ed178d68311c256078161536", "text": "Haitian Gospel Haitian Gospel music , began its roots in the rise of Christianity , when it was first imported to the island by Spain 's Christopher Columbus in the 15th-century and again by the French during colonial years of Saint-Domingue , as Jesuits and Capuchins served as missionaries to continue the proliferation of Catholicism . The Baptist trend that had grown in the United States , had not yet reached Haiti until the western media was introduced , shaping Haitian Gospel music ; also known as mizik levanjil in Haitian Creole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fbf10e64afac3679f26ddd383d0c6bf", "text": "Outline of Antigua and Barbuda The following outline is provided as an overview of and introduction to Antigua and Barbuda : Antigua and Barbuda -- twin-island nation lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean . It consists of two major inhabited islands , Antigua and Barbuda , and a number of smaller islands ( including Great Bird , Green , Guinea , Long , Maiden and York Islands and further south , the island of Redonda ) . Its governance , language , and culture have all been strongly influenced by the British Empire , of which the country was formerly a part .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8e9ff3bcd10a3762802e87a33bdd711", "text": "Isleño Isleño ( -LSB- izˈleɲo -RSB- , pl . isleños ) is the Spanish word meaning `` islander . '' The term was applied to the Canary Islanders to distinguish them from Spanish mainlanders known as `` peninsulars '' ( links = no ) . The Isleños are the inhabitants of the Canary Islands , and by extension the descendants of Canarian settlers and emigrants to present-day Louisiana , Texas , Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Venezuela , Puerto Rico , and other parts of the Americas . In these places , the name , which formerly referred to a general category of people , now refers to the specific cultural identity of Canary Islanders or their descendants throughout Latin America and in Louisiana , where they are still called isleños . Another name for Canary Islander in English is `` Canarian . '' In Spanish , an alternative is canario or isleño canario . The term isleño is still used in Latin America , at least in those countries which had large Canarian populations , to distinguish a Canary Islander from a peninsular ( continental Spaniard ) . By the early 19th century there were more people of Canarian extraction in the Americas than in the Canary Islands themselves , and the number of descendants of those first immigrants is exponentially larger than the number who originally migrated . The Americas were the destination of most Canarian immigrants , from their discovery by Europeans in the 15th century until the 20th century , when substantial numbers went to the Spanish colonies of Ifni , Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea in Africa during the first half of the century . Beginning in the 1970s , they began to emigrate to other European countries , although emigration to the Americas did not end until the early 1980s . The cultures of Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Puerto Rico , Venezuela , and Uruguay partially have all been influenced by Canarian culture , as have the dialects of Spanish spoken in all but Uruguay . Although almost all descendants of Canary Islanders who emigrated to the Americas from the 16th to the 20th century are incorporated socially and culturally within the larger populations , there remain a few communities that have preserved at least some their ancestors ' Canarian culture , as in Louisiana , San Antonio in Texas , Hatillo , Puerto Rico San Carlos de Tenerife ( now a neighborhood of Santo Domingo ) in the Dominican Republic and San Borondón in Peru .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "819050dfe1512c05b8eefb494d64129c", "text": "Transport in Haiti All of the major transportation systems in Haiti are located near or run through the capital , Port-au-Prince .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "836f24dc7777ed254b337b12a2bfaabf", "text": "Rail transport in the Dominican Republic thumb | right | 250px | Trackage for the Central Romana sugarcane railroad . This line goes to the Zona Franca . Rail transport in the Dominican Republic is provided by one state-owned operator and several private ones , mainly for sugar mills . There are no connections with the neighbouring Haiti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c5c6a5ba6520899375e51a4fc65b8a2", "text": "La Trinitaria (Dominican Republic) La Trinitaria ( -LSB- la tɾiniˈtaɾja -RSB- , The Trinity ) was a secret society founded in Juan Pablo Duarte 's home situated in what today is known as Arzobispo Nouel Street , across from the `` Del Carmen 's Church '' in the then occupied Santo Domingo , the current capital of the Dominican Republic . The founder , Juan Pablo Duarte and a group of likeminded young people , led the struggle to establish the Dominican Republic as a free , sovereign , and independent nation in the 19th century . They helped bring about the end of the Haitian occupation of the island from 1822 to 1844 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c011e3d530aac11c1a931cf8bfcf367f", "text": "Rivière Canot The Rivière Canot is a river of Haiti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24c74b6244e6a6a9ff45a34f7227d335", "text": "Jamaican Americans Jamaican Americans are Americans who have full or partial Jamaican ancestry . The largest proportion of Jamaicans live in New York City , which has various other Caribbean cultural elements such as food and music . There are also communities of Jamaican Americans residing in Philadelphia , Boston , South Florida , Tampa , Los Angeles , Orlando , Baltimore , Washington , D.C. , Atlanta , Cleveland , Western New York , Connecticut , and New Jersey . After 1838 , European colonies in the Caribbean with expanding sugar industries imported large numbers of immigrants to meet their acute labor shortage . Large numbers of Jamaicans were recruited to work in Panama and Costa Rica in the 1850s . After slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865 , American planters imported temporary workers , called `` swallow migrants '' , to harvest crops on an annual basis . These workers , many of them Jamaicans , returned to their countries after harvest . Between 1881 and the beginning of World War I , the United States recruited over 250,000 workers from the Caribbean , 90,000 of whom were Jamaicans , to work on the Panama Canal . During both world wars , the United States again recruited Jamaican men for service on various American bases in the region . The vast majority of Jamaican American are of black Afro-Caribbean descent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "273a5c69c09d407567367798ab4da850", "text": "Tarou River The Tarou River is a river on the Caribbean island of Dominica .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0", "text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "519644380221a0e7ef73672f11b02e5b", "text": "Cayman Islands The Cayman Islands ( -LSB- ˈkeɪmən -RSB- or -LSB- keɪ 'm æn -RSB- ) is a British Overseas Territory in the western Caribbean Sea . The 264 km2 territory comprises the three islands of Grand Cayman , Cayman Brac and Little Cayman located south of Cuba , northeast of Costa Rica , north of Panama , east of Mexico and northwest of Jamaica . Its population is approximately 60,000 , and its capital is George Town . The Cayman Islands are considered to be part of the geographic Western Caribbean Zone as well as the Greater Antilles . The territory is often considered a major world offshore financial haven for many wealthy individuals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8dd7f032ad106eb13b5ebf2350e1baf0", "text": "Marie-Galante Marie-Galante is an island of the Caribbean Sea located south of Guadeloupe and north of Dominica . It is a dependency of Guadeloupe , which is an overseas department and an overseas region of France . Marie-Galante has a land area of 170.5 km ² ( 61 sq. miles ) . It had 11,528 inhabitants at the start of 2013 , with a population density of 67.6 people per km ² .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59cd1413534a049817cac43469802a84", "text": "Sint Maarten Sint Maarten ( -LSB- sɪnt ˈmaːrtə ( n ) -RSB- ) is an island country in the Caribbean . It is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands . With a population of 33,609 on an area of 34 km2 , it encompasses the southern 40 % of the divided island of Saint Martin , while the northern 60 % of the island constitutes the French overseas collectivity of Saint-Martin . Its capital is Philipsburg . Before 10 October 2010 , Sint Maarten was known as the Island Territory of Sint Maarten ( Eilandgebied Sint Maarten ) , and was one of five island territories ( eilandgebieden ) that constituted the Netherlands Antilles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a699f6127d3753a5b67973b7bcdaaea9", "text": "French Guiana French Guiana ( pronounced -LSB- giːˈɑːnə -RSB- or -LSB- giːˈænə -RSB- , Guyane française -LSB- ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , officially called Guiana ( Guyane ) , is an overseas department and region of France , located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas . It borders Brazil to the east and south , and Suriname to the west . Its 83,534 km2 area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km2 , with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne , its capital . By land area , it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union . Both the region and the department have been ruled since December 2015 by a single assembly within the framework of a new territorial collectivity , the French Guiana Territorial Collectivity ( French : collectivité territoriale de Guyane ) . This assembly , the French Guiana Assembly ( French : assemblée de Guyane ) , has replaced the former regional council and departmental council , which were both disbanded . The French Guiana Assembly is in charge of regional and departmental government . Its president is Rodolphe Alexandre . The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans . The first French establishment is recorded in 1503 but the French presence did n't really become durable until 1643 and the foundation of Cayenne . Guiana then became a slave colony and saw its population increase until the official abolition of slavery at the time of the French revolution . Guiana temporarily became a French department in 1797 but was gradually transformed into a penal colony with the establishment of a network of camps and penitentiaries spread over the coast where prisoners were sentenced to forced labor . During World War II , the Guianan Félix Éboué was one of the first to stand behind General de Gaulle as early as June 18 , 1940 . Guiana officially rallied Free France in 1943 . It definitively abandoned its status as a colony and became again a French department in 1946 . De Gaulle , who became president , decided to establish the Guiana Space Center in 1965 . It is now operated by the CNES , Arianespace and the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . Several thousand Hmong refugees from Laos migrated to French Guiana in the late 1970s and early 1980s . Nowadays fully integrated in the French central state , Guiana is a part of the European Union , and its official currency is the euro . The region is the most prosperous territory in South America with the highest GDP per capita . A large part of Guiana 's economy derives from the presence of the Guiana Space Centre , now the European Space Agency 's primary launch site near the equator . As elsewhere in France , the official language is French , but each ethnic community has its own language , of which Guianan Creole is the most widely spoken .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "898a706e8d1055d20c2c60e4ccdc91e2", "text": "List of populated places affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake This is a list of populated places and structures affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake , a magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake which occurred on 12 January 2010 , with an epicentre approximately 25 km west of Port-au-Prince , Haiti , and affected an estimated three million people . The Haitian government estimated that 230,000 people died , 300,000 were injured and 1,000,000 made homeless by the quake . The earthquake caused extensive damage to infrastructure in southwestern Haiti -- in February , Prime Minister Jean-Max Bellerive estimated that 250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged . The deputy mayor of Léogâne , at the epicentre of the earthquake , reported that 90 percent of buildings in the city were destroyed and Léogâne had `` to be totally rebuilt . '' As much as 90 percent of Grand-Goâve was devastated , including all public buildings . In Gressier , 40 -- 50 percent of buildings were destroyed ; the same in the worst-affected areas of Carrefour . Jacmel , the capital of Sud-Est Department , also was heavily affected ; 70 percent of homes in the city were damaged according to the mayor of Jacmel , as well as the airport , hospital and city hall building . Many landmark buildings were damaged or destroyed , including the Presidential Palace , the National Assembly building ( Palais Législatif ) , the Supreme Court building ( Palais de Justice ) and the Holy Trinity and Port-au-Prince Cathedrals . Port-au-Prince 's main port and airport , the Port international de Port-au-Prince and Toussaint Louverture International Airport also suffered severe damage , as did Killick , the Haitian Coast Guard 's base in the capital city . The Ciné Institute , Haiti 's only film school , `` lost two buildings '' .", "title": "" } ]
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43525aa1cff07697d2365ce007e16691
The 2017 Open Championship is played in England.
[ { "docid": "b28207c4ac2c0bd72929112fa6caa8f4", "text": "2017 Open Championship The 2017 Open Championship will be the 146th Open Championship , held 20 -- 23 July 2017 at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England.It will be the 10th Open Championship played at Royal Birkdale .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "0ea3b04a0690baaddb2930f7cac22465", "text": "Luke Goddard Luke Goddard ( born 17 April 1988 ) is an English professional golfer . Goddard was born in London . He had a successful amateur career , winning the 2008 Argentine Amateur Open Championship and the 2009 English Amateur , and representing Great Britain and Ireland in the 2009 Walker Cup . He turned professional in October 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e47fd43ac0631ef89405658b6196d65", "text": "1993 Open Championship The 1993 Open Championship was the 122nd Open Championship , held 15 -- 18 July at Royal St George 's Golf Club in Sandwich , England . Greg Norman shot a final round 64 ( -- 6 ) to win his second Open Championship , two strokes ahead of runner-up Nick Faldo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b16b1b099e6beca4fb58562978c56693", "text": "Peter Wright (darts player) Peter Wright ( born 10 March 1970 in Livingston , West Lothian ) is a Scottish professional darts player who plays in PDC tournaments . Wright was the runner-up in the 2014 PDC World Darts Championship and is the 2017 UK Open champion . He currently resides in Mendham , Suffolk , England , and although he was largely brought up in England , he chooses to represent the country of his birth . He is known for his mohawk hairstyle which changes colour each tournament and is made by his wife who is a hairdresser . His nickname is derived from the name of his favourite drink , the Snakebite .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b323924109573a6e8c255e7706479351", "text": "2017 Masters (snooker) The 2017 Dafabet Masters was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place between 15 -- 22 January 2017 at the Alexandra Palace in London , England . It was the 43rd staging of the tournament . Ronnie O'Sullivan successfully defended his title by beating Joe Perry 10 -- 7 in the final to win his seventh title . With that , he broke the record of most Masters titles he jointly held with Stephen Hendry before . He also became the first player since Paul Hunter in 2002 to successfully defend a Masters title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d", "text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51668718f489c1dbe261600264500281", "text": "2013 BMW PGA Championship The 2013 BMW PGA Championship was the 59th edition of the BMW PGA Championship , an annual golf tournament on the European Tour , contested 23 -- 26 May at Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . Matteo Manassero of Italy won the tournament on the fourth hole of a sudden-death playoff with Simon Khan and Marc Warren .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4c374c7dbbdfc61dc313cbb1a37d71e", "text": "1947 Open Championship The 1947 Open Championship was the 76th Open Championship , held 2 -- 4 July at Royal Liverpool Golf Club in Hoylake , England . Fred Daly became the first Irish winner of the Open Championship , one stroke ahead of runners-up Reg Horne and amateur Frank Stranahan . It was Daly 's only major title . Qualifying took place on 30 June and 1 July , Monday and Tuesday , with 18 holes at Hoylake and 18 holes at Arrowe Park . The number of qualifiers was limited to a maximum of 100 , and ties for 100th place would not qualify . Norman Von Nida led the qualifiers for the second successive year , scoring 139 ; the qualifying score was 155 and 98 players advanced . Only five Americans entered the qualifier , and none were former champions . Par was set at 68 for the championship , which was the course record at the time . The course was regularly par 72 at 7048 yd ; all four par-5 holes were shortened slightly and made into par-4 holes . The total prize money was # 1000 , with a winner 's share of # 150 , # 100 for second , # 75 for third , # 50 for fourth , # 25 for fifth , and # 15 for each of the next 35 players . The # 1000 was completed with a # 15 prize for winning the qualification event and four # 15 prizes for the lowest score in each round . Where an amateur finished in a place where there was a cash prize that money was donated to the P.G.A. Benevolent Fund . The prize money distribution meant that , with a maximum of forty players making the cut , all professionals making the cut received prize money . Henry Cotton and Laurie Ayton , Jnr shared the first round lead on Wednesday , but in the second round both fell back with rounds of 78 and 80 , respectively . After 36 holes , Daly led at 143 ( +7 ) , four shots ahead of Cotton and Sam King . The maximum number of players making the cut after 36 holes was again set at 40 , and ties for 40th place did not make the cut . Stranahan was the only amateur to make the cut . Daly had a poor third round on Friday morning , shooting 78 to fall into a tie for the lead with Cotton , Arthur Lees , and Norman Von Nida . There were a further nine players within three-strokes of the lead . Horne , who began two back , made the first move with a 35 on the front-nine . He took a pair of 5s at the 16th and 17th holes , however , and at the 18th his putt for a three lipped out and finished at 294 . Daly began the round with a 38 ( +4 ) on the front , but he recovered on the back and holed a birdie putt on the 18th to post 293 . Cotton made the turn in 36 and needed another 36 on the back to tie Daly , but in the blustery wind this proved too difficult and he finished at 297 . That left Stranahan as the last player on the course able to tie Daly . He reached the 17th needing to play the final two holes in seven strokes , but a three-putt led to a five and saw him needing an improbable two on the last . He gave it a good shot , with his approach stopping less than a foot ( 0.3 m ) from the hole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e3816a22fd35c51d190d03ad8b40c54", "text": "Yorkshire Evening News Tournament The Yorkshire Evening News Tournament was an international golf tournament in the English Yorkshire area before the European Tour was founded . It was a match play tournament for most of its existence , but switched to stroke play in the 1940s . The tournament was played annually from 1923 to 1963 , with no tournaments held during World War II . In the early years , this tournament was considered a British Major . `` The first tournament , in 1923 , was billed as the unofficial ` Championship of the World ' between American superstars Walter Hagen and Gene Sarazen . Hagen triumphed , but lost in the final by a two-hole margin to Ryder Cup star Herbert Jolly . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "170e92a861b090e6687e3f9d4a4e81d4", "text": "Philadelphia Open Championship The Philadelphia Open Championship is an annual golf tournament played in the Philadelphia , Pennsylvania area . It is organized by the Golf Association of Philadelphia . It has been played annually since 1903 ( except for war years ) at member clubs in Pennsylvania , New Jersey , and Delaware . It was considered a PGA Tour event for most of the period 1916 to 1937 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84e5a9e8a54fe692388f54835cc085cd", "text": "2017 Welsh Open (snooker) The 2017 Coral Welsh Open professional ranking snooker tournament took place at the Motorpoint Arena in Cardiff from 13 to 19 February 2017 . It was the fourteenth ranking event of the 2016/2017 season . The 2017 Welsh Open was being held as part of a new Home Series , introduced in the 2016/2017 season with the new English Open , Irish Open and Scottish Open tournaments . The tournament 's trophy was renamed to the Ray Reardon Trophy in honour of six-time world champion Ray Reardon . The defending champion Ronnie O'Sullivan lost 3 -- 4 against Mark Davis in the last 64 . Stuart Bingham won his first Welsh Open title , beating Judd Trump 9 -- 8 in the final .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d76e5d73742060e4b59ce78a36b8aea7", "text": "1994 Wimbledon Championships The 1994 Wimbledon Championships was a tennis tournament played on : grass courts at the All England Lawn Tennis and Croquet Club in Wimbledon in London in England . It was the 108th edition of the Wimbledon Championships and were held from 20 June to 3 July 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b490b668cb1c5474c805d56cffcc2ec1", "text": "1976 Open Championship The 1976 Open Championship was the 105th Open Championship , played 7 -- 10 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . Johnny Miller won his only Open championship , six strokes ahead of runners-up Seve Ballesteros and Jack Nicklaus . It was Miller 's second and last major championship title ; his first was the U.S. Open in 1973 . Ballesteros , age 19 , was the 54-hole leader at 211 ( − 5 ) , two strokes ahead of Miller . In the final round , he was seven over par after twelve holes , which included a triple-bogey at the eleventh . Ballesteros rallied on the final six holes , with three birdies and an eagle , to tie Nicklaus for second place . Defending champion Tom Watson carded an 80 ( +8 ) in the third round for 227 ( +11 ) and missed the second cut by a stroke . U.S. Open champion Jerry Pate was level par after two rounds , but also missed the second cut with an 87 for 231 . Masters winner Raymond Floyd finished in fourth at 286 ( − 2 ) , a stroke behind Ballesteros and Nicklaus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d1cf8905282219e2c934f16a221b260", "text": "Royal Porthcawl Golf Club Royal Porthcawl Golf Club is a golf club in Wales in the United Kingdom , located north of Porthcawl and bordering the Bristol Channel . The club has hosted many prestigious tournaments including The Amateur Championship on six occasions , the Walker Cup in 1995 , the Curtis Cup in 1964 , the British Masters in 1961 , and European Tour event , the Welsh Golf Classic in the early 1980s . In March 2010 , it hosted the University Golf Match between Oxford and Cambridge universities , with Oxford winning 9 -- 6 . The Senior Open Championship was played at Royal Porthcawl in 2014 and Bernhard Langer won by thirteen strokes over runner-up Colin Montgomerie ; it is scheduled to return in 2017 , in late July .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85c1ea75f0369afe37c8943a7bf6a41e", "text": "1989 Ryder Cup The 28th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22 -- 24 September 1989 at The Belfry in Wishaw , Warwickshire , England , near Sutton Coldfield . For only the second time , the competition ended in a draw at 14 points each , but the European team retained the Cup since they had won it outright in 1987 . Europe held a two-point lead , 9 to 7 , entering the singles matches on Sunday , and the match which retained the Cup for Europe was the eighth , between José Maria Cañizares and Ken Green . Cañizares made a two-foot ( 0.6 m ) putt on the 18th green to win 1 up and give Europe a 14 -- 10 lead , with four matches remaining on the course . The final four matches all resulted in U.S. wins and an overall draw . This was the first Ryder Cup played in Europe to be televised live in the United States . It was carried by the USA Network on cable , with video provided by the BBC . The U.S. television coverage in 1985 was a highlight show on ESPN in early November , over a month after its completion . NBC Sports took over live weekend coverage in 1991 in South Carolina , and 1993 marked the first time a major U.S. network televised it live from Europe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "086b576ea57cbb6242849dc8c11d0f44", "text": "Paul Eales Paul Martyn Eales ( born 2 August 1963 ) is an English professional golfer . Eales was born in Epping , Essex . He turned professional in 1985 and became a member of Europe 's second tier Challenge Tour in 1990 . The following season he won the Audi Open , and in 1992 finished third on the Challenge Tour Rankings to graduate to the main European Tour for the 1993 season . After a solid rookie season in 1993 , Eales won the 1994 Extremadura Open on his way to a career best 35th place on the European Tour Order of Merit . He performed consistently , but without winning again , mostly finishing within the top 100 on the Order of Merit until 2004 , when he lost his tour card . Eales was the assistant professional to Eddie Birchenough at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club , where he first became an assistant in 1987 . He is now playing on the European Senior Tour . Hew won the Scottish Senior Open in August 2016 and the Jamaican Open in January 2017 . He is a Non-Executive Board member of the European Tour . He regularly works as a broadcaster and golf analyst for various media companies including European Tour Productions , R&A Open Golf Radio , Ryder Cup Radio , NBC Golf Channel , Sirius XM , BBC Radio 5 Live and Sky Sports . His main sponsor during his time on the European Tour was UK bank Northern Rock . His current sponsors on the Senior Tour include Lynx Golf , Powwownow , Sunice and Titleist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36c82dcd37ec3f2884392d1e0d0411e7", "text": "Northern Professional Championship The Northern Professional Championship was a professional golf tournament played in Northern England . The event was generally a regional tournament but from 1923 and 1927 and in 1936 it was an open event with significant prize money . The event was started in 1920 by the Northern section of the PGA with entry restricted to members of that section . In 1923 the Championship became a national event ; the Championship being extended to 72 holes with # 350 in prize money under the sponsorship of the Manchester Daily Dispatch . In 1925 the prize money was increased to # 1000 with # 350 for the winner . In early 1928 the Daily Dispatch withdrew their support for the championship which had been planned for Birkdale in July . The tournament did take place but it reverted to an event for the professionals in the Northern section of the PGA . In 1936 the event again became an open tournament called the Morecambe-Penfold Northern Open Championship with prize money of # 750 . However , this sponsorship only lasted for one event and the championship again became a closed tournament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56af986ff8c97e735b0f7804db72ae8c", "text": "2017 PGA Tour The 2017 PGA Tour is the 102nd season of the PGA Tour , and the 50th since separating from the PGA of America . The season began on October 13 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "401f31163165c1f91aa2a277c90eca24", "text": "2017 Six Nations Championship squads This is a list of the complete squads for the 2017 Six Nations Championship , an annual rugby union tournament contested by the national rugby teams of England , France , Ireland , Italy , Scotland and Wales . England are the defending champions . Note : Number of caps and players ' ages are indicated as of 4 February 2017 -- the tournament 's opening day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d869954d1c015146f845101dd23b7dc8", "text": "Denis Watson Denis Leslie Watson ( born 18 October 1955 ) is a professional golfer from Zimbabwe . Born in Salisbury , Rhodesia ( now Harare , Zimbabwe ) Watson was educated at Oriel Boys High School , Chisipite . He was Rhodesian Sportsman of the Year in 1975 , but went on to represent South Africa in the World Series of Golf in 1980 and 1982 -- sporting connections between Rhodesia and Apartheid South Africa were blurred at the time , for example the Rhodesian cricket team was once part of the South African domestic set-up . Watson turned professional in 1976 and played on the European Tour from 1978 to 1980 . After moving to the United States , where he joined the PGA Tour , he had his career year in 1984 when he won the Buick Open , NEC World Series of Golf , and Panasonic Las Vegas Invitational to tie for the most wins on the PGA Tour that season . Watson finished second in the 1985 U.S. Open , missing out on forcing a playoff by one shot , having incurred a two-stroke penalty earlier in the tournament . The penalty was assessed on the eighth hole in the first round , after he had waited longer than the allowed ten seconds for a putt that had hung on the lip of the hole to drop in . The ball did fall into the hole , but the birdie was disallowed and the penalty strokes added . The USGA and R&A , the sports governing bodies , have since amended the penalty for this rules infraction to just a single stroke . Andy North was eventually the only player to beat him , by one shot despite himself bogeying the last hole . Watson 's career came to a sudden halt when he was injured while playing in the 1985 Goodyear Classic in South Africa . While hitting his ball out of the rough with a 9-iron , he struck a tree stump that had been hidden from view causing damage to his wrist , elbow and neck . He went on to win the tournament , but his problems had just begun . He required surgery on his wrist and neck , and was initially told that he would never play again . He did , but was unable to consistently reach the high standard that he had previously attained and after several more operations he retired towards the end of the 1990s . After turning fifty , Watson joined the Champions Tour , and began to rediscover competitive form . He won the 2007 Senior PGA Championship at Kiawah Island , a senior major , by two strokes over Argentina 's Eduardo Romero , his first win in 23 years . In one of the most remarkable comebacks ever seen in professional golf , Watson has become one of the Champions Tour 's most competitive stars . He was voted the 2007 Champions Tour Rookie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0899a746bab86b9e406388cd0479e5ca", "text": "1896 Open Championship The 1896 Open Championship was the 36th Open Championship , held 10 -- 11 and 13 June at Muirfield in Gullane , East Lothian , Scotland . Harry Vardon won the Championship after a playoff against J.H. Taylor . Sandy Herd led by five shots after a first round of 72 . Taylor and James Kay were second after scoring 77 . Taylor had reached turn in 35 but came back in a poor 42 . The amateur Freddie Tait had the best round of the afternoon with a 75 while Herd had a disappointing 84 and Kay an even worse 88 . At the end of the day , Taylor led on 155 , with Herd on 156 , Willie Fernie and David Brown on 157 and Tait on 158 . In the third round , the leading professionals had similar scores but the amateur Tait dropped down the field after an 84 . Herd led on 235 with Taylor on 236 , Brown and Ben Sayers on 238 and Fernie and Vardon on 239 . Taylor the first starter of those in contention and played steadily for an 80 and a total of 316 . Fernie started well but took seven at the 7th and also finished with an 80 and a total of 319 . Vardon played the best golf of the leading six and came to the last needing a four to win . However he played safely to avoid the bunkers around the green and settled for a five to finish with a 77 and a tie with Taylor . Herd , who had led Vardon by 11 shots after the first round , had another bad afternoon round of 85 after his 84 the previous day . In the 36-hole playoff , Taylor started badly and was six strokes behind after eight holes , taking 40 to Vardon 's 34 . However he gained a shot on five of the next six holes and , although he took six at the 16th , ended the morning golf only two strokes behind . The scores were level after the 1st hole in the afternoon when Vardon took 5 while Taylor scored 3 . However , Vardon gained shots at the next three holes . After gaining a stroke at the 12th Taylor was only two behind . They then halved the next five holes , both taking six at the long 16th . The championship was decided at the 17th where Vardon holed a 12-yard putt to take a three shot lead to the last . Playing boldly Taylor got into a difficult position in a greenside bunker and took six , while Vardon played safely for a five to win by four shots . Just five days before his 73rd birthday , Old Tom Morris played in his last Open Championship , 36 years after finishing second in the first Championship . At he remains the oldest known competitor in the Open Championship .", "title": "" } ]
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23c952c803f0c9b9735571eb10a2d7fc
Kendrick Lamar was born in Los Angeles, California.
[ { "docid": "10e920abf206eb299f0f14bf441bad11", "text": "Kendrick Lamar Kendrick Lamar Duckworth ( born June 17 , 1987 ) is an American rapper and songwriter . Born and raised in Compton , California , he embarked on his musical career as a teenager under the stage name K-Dot , releasing a mixtape that garnered local attention and led to his signing with indie record label Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) . He began to gain recognition in 2010 , after his first retail release , Overly Dedicated . The following year , Lamar independently released his first studio album , Section .80 , which included his debut single , `` HiiiPoWeR '' . By that time , he had amassed a large Internet following and collaborated with several artists in the hip hop industry , including The Game , Snoop Dogg and Busta Rhymes . His major label debut , good kid , m.A.A.d city , was released in 2012 by TDE , Aftermath and Interscope Records to critical success . It debuted at No. 2 on the US Billboard 200 chart and was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The record contained the top 40 singles `` Swimming Pools ( Drank ) '' , `` Bitch , Do n't Kill My Vibe '' , and `` Poetic Justice '' . Lamar won his first Grammy Award for `` i '' , lead single from his critically acclaimed third album To Pimp a Butterfly ( 2015 ) . The album drew on free jazz , funk , soul , and spoken word , debuted atop the charts in the US and the UK , and won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 58th ceremony . In 2016 , Lamar released untitled unmastered. , a collection of unreleased demos that originated during the recording sessions for Butterfly . He released his fourth album Damn in 2017 ; its lead single `` Humble '' topped the Billboard Hot 100 . Lamar has received a number of accolades over the course of his career , including seven Grammy Awards . In early 2013 , MTV named Lamar the number one `` Hottest MC in the Game '' , on their annual list . Time named Lamar one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2016 . Aside from his solo career , Lamar is also known as a member of the West Coast hip hop supergroup Black Hippy , alongside his TDE label-mates and fellow South Los Angeles-based rappers Ab-Soul , Jay Rock and Schoolboy Q.", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d3c011995b794326cdc077a0156a1acb", "text": "Starkillers Nick Terranova ( born December 21 , 1977 in Los Angeles , California ) , better known by his stage name Starkillers , is an American DJ and record producer . He has performed throughout the United States , as well as , in Australia , Canada and in China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07ae333e1e71d5ab8f05e8cdfdab2d19", "text": "LP (singer) Laura Pergolizzi ( born March 18 , 1981 ) is an American pop singer and songwriter , originally from Long Island , New York , who performs under the stage name LP . She moved to Los Angeles in 2010 . She has released three albums and one EP . As a songwriter , she has written for Cher , Rihanna , the Backstreet Boys and Christina Aguilera , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d4f647d606e4ac073dcd87d5e955efb", "text": "Pigeon John John Kenneth Dust ( born John Kenneth Dunkin : November 30 , 1972 ) , better known by the stage name Pigeon John , is an American rapper based in Los Angeles , California . He is a former member of L.A. Symphony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec4b1e0cca08791df5836e245ec1586c", "text": "Hopsin Marcus Jamal Hopson ( born July 18 , 1985 ) , better known by his stage name Hopsin , is an American rapper , record producer , director and actor from Los Angeles , California . In 2007 , he was signed to Ruthless Records , and had founded his own record label , Funk Volume , in 2009 . He would then go on to found another record label , Undercover Prodigy , in 2016 . Hopsin has released four studio albums , Gazing at the Moonlight through Ruthless Records , Raw , Knock Madness and Pound Syndrome along with the collaborative project Haywire ( with SwizZz ) through Funk Volume . He is well known for his use of white colored eye contacts in music videos , performances , and interviews .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3938a70b8464bed9c34c9899ed500676", "text": "Top Dawg Entertainment Top Dawg Entertainment ( TDE ) is an American independent record label founded in 2004 , by chief executive officer ( CEO ) Anthony `` Top Dawg '' Tiffith . Dave `` Miyatola '' Free and Terrence `` Punch '' Henderson are the co-presidents of TDE . There are currently eight artists signed to the label , Isaiah Rashad , SZA , Lance Skiiiwalker and SiR , as well as the flagship artists , Black Hippy members , Kendrick Lamar , Jay Rock , ScHoolboy Q and Ab-Soul . The label also houses a production division that includes Digi + Phonics , THC , and King Blue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9eb2ad717a8e262e32aa2622b4e58254", "text": "Fragile (Tech N9ne song) `` Fragile '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist Tech N9ne , taken from his thirteenth studio album Something Else ( 2013 ) . `` Fragile '' was released on July 17 , 2013 as the album 's second single . It was produced by ¡ Mayday ! , Daniel `` Keys '' Perez and Ralfy `` FAFA '' Valencia . The song features vocals from Kendrick Lamar , ¡ Mayday ! and Kendall Morgan . `` Fragile '' details each rappers disdain for music journalists and their criticism of their music . Ironically , the song was met with generally positive reviews from music critics . The song peaked at number 38 on the US Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . A music video was released on February 9 , 2014 featuring the artists rapping and singing in an abandoned warehouse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a388153e7eafc3c4d97fa155cd148f9a", "text": "Money Trees `` Money Trees '' is a song by American hip hop recording artist Kendrick Lamar , taken from his major label debut studio album Good Kid , M.A.A.D City ( 2012 ) . The song , which appears as the fifth track on the album , features a guest appearance from his Black Hippy cohort , fellow American rapper Jay Rock . The song , produced by DJ Dahi , entered the Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 chart at number 19 due to high downloads , following the album 's release . The song , mixed by Top Dawg engineer Derek `` MixedByAli '' Ali , features background vocals from American singer Anna Wise of Sonnymoon , as well as a sample from the Beach House song `` Silver Soul , '' from their 2010 album Teen Dream . On June 2 , 2015 Jay Rock released the sequel to the track ; `` Money Trees Deuce '' . However it only features Jay Rock , and not Kendrick Lamar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe2e0b5da79a153301868f9c0c8f33c", "text": "Rahki Columbus Smith III , better known by his stage name Rahki ( sometimes Rahk or Rahki Beats ) , is an American record producer and songwriter from Los Angeles , California . He is known for his work with mentor DJ Khalil and acts such as Eminem , Kendrick Lamar , Currensy , Evidence , Schoolboy Q , 50 Cent , Domo Genesis , Lecrae , Aloe Blacc , and more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4ee30388913b4554bc57325c9eda82c", "text": "Kam (rapper) Craig A. Miller ( born October 24 , 1970 in Los Angeles , California ) , better known by his stage name Kam is an American political emcee known primarily among hip hop fans and music critics during the 1990s & early 2000s . He is known for his Nation of Islam-influenced lyrics and NOI membership , and affiliation with his cousin , fellow West Coast emcee Ice Cube . He is also known for his powerfully commanding baritone voice and knack for using multisyllabic rhymes . He has only released two albums since his well-received 1993 debut album Neva Again . That album featured inflammatory anti-government lyrics and hit single `` Peace Treaty , '' a song about the 1992 Watts gang treaty . The song reached # 2 on the Hot Rap Singles chart in 1993 . His first appearance on record was with the song `` Every Single Weekend '' from the 1991 Boyz n the Hood soundtrack . Since then , he has collaborated with artists including Ice Cube , Snoop Dogg , Coolio , E-40 , Erick Sermon , MC Ren , C-Bo , K9Compton , DJ Quik , DJ Pooh , Tha Eastsidaz , Method Man , KRS-One , Public Enemy , Nate Dogg , Warren G , Dogg Pound , Xzibit , Tyrese , Tank , George Clinton , Dresta , B.G. Knocc Out , Yukmouth , and Glasses Malone among many others . He has released music on two record labels , East West Records and JCOR Entertainment . He is currently signed to his own record label , HEREAFTER RECORDS , and plans to release his fourth solo album . He is also currently a member of Snoop Dogg 's West Coast supergroup The Warzone with MC Eiht and Goldie Loc . Kam and his biological younger brother , `` Yung Bruh '' , are also a NOI-based rap group called , Fruit Pruno . Their self-titled album was released during the NOI 's Saviour 's Day 2010 summit ( specifically on February 28 , 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8826298c259e35e08d6ef509ec56bc8", "text": "Los Rakas Los Rakas are a bilingual Hip-Hop group made up of Panamanian cousins Raka Rich and Raka Dun based in Oakland , California . Their style consists of a mixture of Hip-Hop influences with Reggaeton , Reggae , and Dancehall . Their most recent work includes collaborating with the American New Wave band Blondie on their 2014 studio album , Ghosts of Download , where they appeared as a featured artist on the track I Screwed Up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ccec1b92d1c141b81edde97b10c7e5b", "text": "Radio (LL Cool J album) Radio is the debut studio album by American rapper LL Cool J , released November 18 , 1985 on Def Jam Recordings in the United States . It serves as the label 's first full-length album release . Recording sessions for the album took place during 1984 to 1985 at Chung King House of Metal in New York City . The album was primarily produced by Rick Rubin , who provided a sparse and minimal production style . Radio also features a sound that is punctuated by DJ scratching , mostly brief samples , and emphasis of the downbeat . LL Cool J 's b-boy lyricism conveys themes of inner city culture , teenage promiscuity , and braggadocio raps . The album experienced a significant amount of commercial success and sales for a hip hop record at the time , earning U.S. Billboard chart success and selling over 500,000 copies within its first five months of release . On April 19 , 1989 , Radio was certified platinum in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , following sales in excess of one million copies in the United States . Initial criticism of the album was generally positive , as LL Cool J 's lyricism and Rick Rubin 's production were praised by several music critics . It has since been recognized by critics as LL Cool J 's greatest work . Reflecting the new school and ghettoblaster subculture in the U.S. during the mid-1980s , Radio belongs to a pivotal moment in the history and culture of hip hop . Its success contributed to the displacement of the old school with the new school form and to the genre 's mainstream success during the period . Its success also served as a career breakthrough for LL Cool J and Rick Rubin . Radio has been recognized by music writers as one of the first cohesive and commercially successful hip hop albums .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9061125960713d6254b0ca563a03a175", "text": "Echoplex (venue) Echoplex is a live music venue located in the Echo Park neighborhood of Los Angeles , California . It is owned and operated by the same people as The Echo , and the two are considered sister venues , with top notch security , especially for the kids . It is located and commonly described as being `` below The Echo , '' leading some to erroneously believe that its official title is `` Echoplex Below The Echo . '' Along with The Echo , Echoplex is affiliated with Spaceland in the Silver Lake neighborhood of Los Angeles . Some notable performers to have shows at Echoplex include The Mars Volta , Beck , NIN , The Rolling Stones and Thom Yorke .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ca87c68d28b24ee7ca9f767b18caecd", "text": "Commerce, California Commerce is a city located in southeast Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 12,823 at the 2010 census , up from 12,568 at the 2000 census . It is bordered by Vernon on the west , Los Angeles on the northwest , East Los Angeles on the north , Montebello on the east , Downey and Bell Gardens on the south , and Maywood on the southwest . The Los Angeles River forms part of its southwestern boundary , and the Rio Hondo separates it from Downey . Commerce is served by the Long Beach and Santa Ana freeways , as well as the Metrolink commuter rail service at the Commerce station . It is usually referred to as the `` City of Commerce '' to distinguish it from the common noun .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7957332350a8881bd2ab987bc802275b", "text": "Feel (Kendrick Lamar song) `` Feel '' ( stylized as `` FEEL . '' ) is a song by American rapper Kendrick Lamar , from his fourth studio album Damn , released on April 14 , 2017 . The fifth track on the album , the song was written by Lamar and Mark Spears , aka Sounwave , and produced by Sounwave . The song features bass from bass guitarist Thundercat and vocals from Chelsea Blythe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c76d9adc20b78300d42aad436fc1a22b", "text": "DJ Mustard Dijon Isaiah McFarlane ( born June 5 , 1990 ) , professionally known as DJ Mustard , is an American record producer , songwriter and DJ from Los Angeles , California . He is a frequent collaborator of Compton-bred rapper YG , and has produced numerous singles for hip hop and R&B artists since his entrance into mainstream music in 2011 . Mustard 's production style has been described as an up-tempo , club oriented , catchy yet rudimentary melodic hip hop style . This style has snowballed into the contemporary production style of West Coast hip hop during the early 2010s , which he calls `` ratchet music '' . Almost all of his productions begin or end with the tag `` Mustard on the beat , hoe ! '' , a voice sample of YG , who says it at the end of `` I 'm Good '' , one of their early collaborations , as well as claps and repetition of the word `` hey '' . Mustard 's debut album , 10 Summers , was released on August 26 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c97f5faead4e649067e0a68e3895d0a", "text": "Lennox, California Lennox is a census-designated place ( CDP ) in Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 22,753 at the 2010 census , down from 22,950 at the 2000 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087", "text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99beda9d496396ec6662696f75082983", "text": "La La La (Snoop Lion song) `` La La La '' is a song by American rapper Snoop Lion ( mainly known as Snoop Dogg ) , taken from Snoop Lion 's twelfth studio album Reincarnated ( 2013 ) . The song was written by Snoop , Ariel Rechtshaid , Ken Boothe , Thomas Pentz , Joelle Clarke and William Cole , with production handled by Major Lazer and Dre Skull . `` La La La '' was released on July 20 , 2012 as the promotional single from the album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ac9485ce87ba6a3b4cd1e827693f910", "text": "Jallal Jallaluddin Mohammad Malik ( born 1993 ) , better known by his stage name Jallal , is an American rapper from Los Angeles , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f23f0d745347bd4adab0b957cf55f98a", "text": "J. Cole discography American hip hop recording artist J. Cole has released four studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two extended plays , three mixtapes , sixteen singles ( including nine as a featured artist ) , two promotional singles and twenty music videos . J. Cole first took up rapping in his teens , collaborating with the local Fayetteville hip hop duo Bomm Sheltuh . The Come Up , his debut mixtape , was released on May 4 , 2007 to positive reception . Following the release of The Come Up , J. Cole was contacted by American rapper Jay Z and subsequently signed to his record label Roc Nation . Cole released his second mixtape The Warm Up on June 15 , 2009 . `` Lights Please '' , the first single from The Warm Up , peaked at number nine on the United States Billboard Bubbling Under R&B / Hip-Hop Singles chart and became Cole 's first entry on a national record chart . He was later featured on `` All I Want Is You '' , a 2010 single by American R&B singer Miguel -- it peaked at number 58 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . J. Cole 's third mixtape Friday Night Lights was released on November 12 , 2010 . J. Cole released his debut studio album Cole World : The Sideline Story on September 27 , 2011 . It debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 218,000 copies . The album 's lead single `` Work Out '' peaked at number thirteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and became a top ten hit on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs and Hot Rap Songs charts . Cole World : The Sideline Story was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , while `` Work Out '' was certified two times platinum . Two more singles were released from the album : `` Ca n't Get Enough '' and `` Nobody 's Perfect '' , which peaked at numbers 52 and 61 respectively on the Hot 100 . J. Cole 's second studio album Born Sinner was released on June 18 , 2013 . Its lead single , `` Power Trip '' , peaked at number 19 on the Hot 100 and received a platinum certification from the RIAA . On December 9 , 2014 , he released his third studio album 2014 Forest Hills Drive . The album was supported by four singles : `` Apparently '' , `` Wet Dreamz '' , `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Love Yourz '' . The album also went on to sell 353,000 copies in its first week , and became the first rap album in 25 years to be certified platinum in the US with no guest appearances . The songs `` No Role Modelz '' and `` Wet Dreamz '' later received a platinum certification from the RIAA . In addition to his fourth album , Cole released three singles in 2016 : `` Love Yourz '' , `` Everybody Dies '' , and `` False Prophets '' . His album 4 Your Eyez Only was released on the second anniversary of 2014 Forest Hill Drive . 4 Your Eyez Only was certified gold before it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , despite having no singles upon release . `` Deja Vu '' was later given a single release after peaking at number 7 on the Hot 100 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a4b27ad054f4a49a10c8887e4257c94f
Cirrhosis can cause one to have yellow skin.
[ { "docid": "f626ea82b6d8aceb14917da296665839", "text": "Cirrhosis Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to long-term damage . This damage is characterized by the replacement of normal liver tissue by scar tissue . Typically , the disease develops slowly over months or years . Early on , there are often no symptoms . As the disease worsens , a person may become tired , weak , itchy , have swelling in the lower legs , develop yellow skin , bruise easily , have fluid build up in the abdomen , or develop spider-like blood vessels on the skin . The fluid build-up in the abdomen may become spontaneously infected . Other complications include hepatic encephalopathy , bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus or dilated stomach veins , and liver cancer . Hepatic encephalopathy results in confusion and may lead to unconsciousness . Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcohol , hepatitis B , hepatitis C , and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease . Typically , more than two or three alcoholic drinks per day over a number of years is required for alcoholic cirrhosis to occur . Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has a number of causes , including being overweight , diabetes , high blood fats , and high blood pressure . A number of less common causes of cirrhosis include autoimmune hepatitis , primary biliary cirrhosis , hemochromatosis , certain medications , and gallstones . Diagnosis is based on blood testing , medical imaging , and liver biopsy . Some causes of cirrhosis , such as hepatitis B can be prevented by vaccination . Treatment partly depends on the underlying cause , but the goal is often to prevent worsening and complications . Avoiding alcohol is recommended in all cases of cirrhosis . Hepatitis B and C may be treatable with antiviral medications . Autoimmune hepatitis may be treated with steroid medications . Ursodiol may be useful if the disease is due to blockage of the bile ducts . Other medications may be useful for complications such as abdominal or leg swelling , hepatic encephalopathy , and dilated esophageal veins . In severe cirrhosis , a liver transplant may be an option . Cirrhosis affected about 2.8 million people and resulted in 1.3 million deaths in 2015 . Of these , alcohol caused 348,000 , hepatitis C caused 326,000 , and hepatitis B caused 371,000 . In the United States , more men die of cirrhosis than women . The first known description of the condition is by Hippocrates in the 5th century BCE . The word cirrhosis is from κίρρωσις kirrhos κιρρός `` yellowish '' and - osis meaning `` condition '' , describing the appearance of a cirrhotic liver .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7cc096686e37a07a589215e43be698d0", "text": "Liver The liver is a vital organ of vertebrates and some other animals . In humans , it is located in the upper right quadrant of the abdomen , below the diaphragm . The liver has a wide range of functions , including detoxification of various metabolites , protein synthesis , and the production of biochemicals necessary for digestion . It also plays a role in metabolism , regulation of glycogen storage , decomposition of red blood cells and hormone production . The liver is a gland . It is an accessory digestive gland and produces bile , an alkaline compound which aids in digestion via the emulsification of lipids . The gallbladder , a small pouch that sits just under the liver , stores bile produced by the liver . The liver 's highly specialized tissue consisting of mostly hepatocytes regulates a wide variety of high-volume biochemical reactions , including the synthesis and breakdown of small and complex molecules , many of which are necessary for normal vital functions . Estimates regarding the organ 's total number of functions vary , but textbooks generally cite it being around 500 . Terminology related to the liver often starts in hepat - from ἡπατο - , the Greek word for liver . There is currently no way to compensate for the absence of liver function in the long term , although liver dialysis techniques can be used in the short term . Artificial livers are yet to be developed to promote long term replacement in the absence of the liver . As of now , liver transplantation is the only option for complete liver failure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdeed849f43790c82cf0e2365ebc43ff", "text": "Yellow fever vaccine Yellow fever vaccine is a vaccine that protects against yellow fever . Yellow fever is a viral infection that occurs in Africa and South America . Most people begin to develop immunity within ten days and 99 % are protected within one month of vaccination and this appears to be lifelong . The vaccine can be used to control outbreaks of disease . It is given either by injection into a muscle or just under the skin . The World Health Organization ( WHO ) recommends routine immunization in all countries where the disease is common . This should typically occur between nine and twelve months of age . Those travelling to areas where the disease occurs should also be immunized . Additional doses after the first are generally not needed . Yellow fever vaccine is generally safe . This includes in those with HIV infection but without symptoms . Mild side effects may include headache , muscle pains , pain at the injection site , fever , and rash . Severe allergies occur in about eight per million doses , serious neurological problems occur in about four per million doses , and organ failure occurs in about three per million doses . It is likely safe in pregnancy and therefore recommended among those who will be potentially exposed . It should not be given to those with very poor immune function . Yellow fever vaccine came into use in 1938 . It is on the World Health Organization 's List of Essential Medicines , the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system . The wholesale price in the developing world is between US$ 4.30 and US$ 21.30 per dose as of 2014 . In the United States it costs between US$ 50 and US$ 100 . The vaccine is made from weakened yellow fever virus . Some countries require a yellow fever vaccination certificate before entry from a country where the disease is common .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "268a7f2b144c405c2595c58cc9282614", "text": "Necrolytic acral erythema Necrolytic acral erythema is a cutaneous condition that is a manifestation of hepatitis C viral infection or zinc deficiency . It is a papulosquamous and sometimes vesiculobullous eruption bearing clinical and histologic similarity to other necrolytic erythemas such as necrolytic migratory erythema , pseudoglucagonoma and nutritional deficiency syndromes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3634321aa6992941aa255e9884051742", "text": "Progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia Progressive symmetric erythrokeratodermia ( also known as `` Erythrokeratodermia progressiva symmetrica '' ) is a rare , autosomal dominant skin condition that manifests soon after birth with erythematous , hyperkeratotic plaques that are symmetrically distributed on the extremities , buttocks , and face , but sparing the trunk . No other clinical symptoms nor mental or physical signs are usually associated with the condition . Skin plaques start to appear as reddened areas of inflammation , thus often leading to the mistaken diagnosis of Atopic Dermatitis . Following inflammation , the red areas start keratinization , eventually forming the definitive plaques that appear brownish , dry and scaled . Following quite a precise temporal pattern of evolution , the keratinized plaques last for weeks or months , eventually leading to periods of desquamation that leads to the uncovering of `` normal '' skin . Then , a new cycle usually begins , leaving a variable number of days of delay between the cycles . Though environmental causes are not well understood , it seems clear that factors like sun exposure , wind and air conditioning add to the degree of skin inflammation that sets the start of a new cycle . Definitive treatment does not exist at the moment . Palliative treatment are intended to alleviate the itching that often accompanies the skin inflammation and to moisture the dry skin to prevent excessive dryness and scaling of the plaques .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9c003cb7a1324635b91f8ac63ee18ee", "text": "Liver cancer Liver cancer , also known as hepatic cancer and primary hepatic cancer , is cancer that starts in the liver . Cancer which has spread from elsewhere to the liver , known as liver metastasis , is more common than that which starts in the liver . Symptoms of liver cancer may include a lump or pain in the right side below the rib cage , swelling of the abdomen , yellowish skin , easy bruising , weight loss , and weakness . The leading cause of liver cancer is cirrhosis due to hepatitis B , hepatitis C , or alcohol . Other causes include aflatoxin , non-alcoholic fatty liver disease , and liver flukes . The most common types are hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC ) , which makes up 80 % of cases , and cholangiocarcinoma . Less common types include mucinous cystic neoplasm and intraductal papillary biliary neoplasm . The diagnosis may be supported by blood tests and medical imaging with confirmation by tissue biopsy . Preventive efforts include immunization against hepatitis B and treating those infected with hepatitis B or C. Screening is recommended in those with chronic liver disease . Treatment options may include surgery , targeted therapy , and radiation therapy . In certain cases ablation therapy , embolization therapy , or liver transplantation may be used . Small lumps in the liver may be simply closely followed . Primary liver cancer is globally the sixth most frequent cancer ( 6 % ) and the second leading cause of death from cancer ( 9 % ) . In 2012 it occurred in 782,000 people and in 2015 resulted in 810,500 deaths . In 2015 , 263,000 deaths from liver cancer were due to hepatitis B , 167,000 to hepatitis C , and 245,000 to alcohol . Higher rates of liver cancer occur where hepatitis B and C are common , including Asia and sub-Saharan Africa . Males are more often affected with HCC than females . Diagnosis is most frequent among those 55 to 65 years old . Five-year survival rates are 18 % in the United States . The word `` hepatic '' is from the Greek hêpar , meaning `` liver . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b08c0f8d6499fedab241f4d7294219e9", "text": "Irritable bowel syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) is a group of symptoms -- including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage . These symptoms occur over a long time , often years . It has been classified into four main types depending on if diarrhea is common , constipation is common , both are common , or neither occurs very often ( IBS-D , IBS-C , IBS-M , or IBS-U respectively ) . IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work . Disorders such as anxiety , major depression , and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS . The causes of IBS are not clear . Theories include gut -- brain axis problems , small intestinal bacterial overgrowth , genetic factors , food sensitivity , and gut motility problems . Onset may be triggered by an intestinal infection , or stressful life event . IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in the absence of worrisome features . Worrisome features include onset at greater than 50 years of age , weight loss , blood in the stool , or a family history of inflammatory bowel disease . Other conditions that may present similarly include celiac disease , microscopic colitis , inflammatory bowel disease , bile acid malabsorption , and colon cancer . There is no cure for IBS . Treatment is carried out to improve symptoms . This may include dietary changes , medication , probiotics , and counseling . Dietary measures include increasing soluble fiber intake , a gluten free diet , or a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides , disaccharides , monosaccharides , and polyols ( FODMAP ) . The medication loperamide may be used to help with diarrhea while laxatives may be used to help with constipation . Antidepressants may improve overall symptoms and pain . Patient education and a good doctor -- patient relationship are an important part of care . About 10 to 15 % of people in the developed world are believed to be affected by IBS . It is more common in South America and less common in Southeast Asia . It is twice as common in women as men and typically occurs before age 45 . The condition appears to become less common with age . IBS does not affect life expectancy or lead to other serious diseases . The first description of the condition was in 1820 while the current term `` irritable bowel syndrome '' came into use in 1944 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f2dee4d556a3e445254eebe63fc8b13", "text": "Hyperthyroidism Hyperthyroidism is the condition that occurs due to excessive production of thyroid hormone by the thyroid gland . Thyrotoxicosis is the condition that occurs due to excessive thyroid hormone of any cause and therefore includes hyperthyroidism . Some , however , use the terms interchangeably . Signs and symptoms vary between people and may include irritability , muscle weakness , sleeping problems , a fast heartbeat , heat intolerance , diarrhea , enlargement of the thyroid , and weight loss . Symptoms are typically less in the old and during pregnancy . An uncommon complication is thyroid storm in which an event such as an infection results in worsening symptoms such as confusion and a high temperature and often results in death . The opposite is hypothyroidism , when the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone . Graves ' disease is the cause of about 50 % to 80 % of the cases of hyperthyroidism in the United States . Other causes include multinodular goiter , toxic adenoma , inflammation of the thyroid , eating too much iodine , and too much synthetic thyroid hormone . A less common cause is a pituitary adenoma . The diagnosis may be suspected based on signs and symptoms and then confirmed with blood tests . Typically blood tests show a low thyroid stimulating hormone ( TSH ) and raised T3 or T4 . Radioiodine uptake by the thyroid , thyroid scan , and TSI antibodies may help determine the cause . Treatment depends partly on the cause and severity of disease . There are three main treatment options : radioiodine therapy , medications , and thyroid surgery . Radioiodine therapy involves taking iodine-131 by mouth which is then concentrated in and destroys the thyroid over weeks to months . The resulting hypothyroidism is treated with synthetic thyroid hormone . Medications such as beta blockers may control the symptoms , and anti-thyroid medications such as methimazole may temporarily help people while other treatments are having effect . Surgery to remove the thyroid is another option . This may be used in those with very large thyroids or when cancer is a concern . In the United States hyperthyroidism affects about 1.2 % of the population . It occurs between two and ten times more often in women . Onset is commonly between 20 and 50 years of age . Overall the disease is more common in those over the age of 60 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9904e980a9e9a9faf22bb0ab4775618", "text": "Albinism Albinism in humans is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin , hair and eyes . Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects , such as photophobia , nystagmus , and amblyopia . Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers . In rare cases such as Chédiak -- Higashi syndrome , albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules . This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection . Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates , including humans . It is due to absence or defect of tyrosinase , a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin . It is the opposite of melanism . Unlike humans , other animals have multiple pigments and for these , albinism is considered to be a hereditary condition characterised by the absence of melanin in particular , in the eyes , skin , hair , scales , feathers or cuticle . While an organism with complete absence of melanin is called an albino an organism with only a diminished amount of melanin is described as leucistic or albinoid . The term is from the Latin albus , `` white '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed758f1b465a95c58feedf90759ff931", "text": "Flavivirus Flavivirus is a genus of viruses in the family Flaviviridae . This genus includes the West Nile virus , dengue virus , tick-borne encephalitis virus , yellow fever virus , Zika virus and several other viruses which may cause encephalitis , as well as insect-specific flaviviruses ( ISFs ) such as cell fusing agent virus ( CFAV ) , Palm Creek virus ( PCV ) , and Parramatta River virus ( PaRV ) . Flaviviruses are named from the yellow fever virus , the type virus for the family ; the word flavus '' means `` yellow '' in Latin . The name yellow fever in turn originated from its propensity to cause yellow jaundice in victims . Flaviviruses share several common aspects : common size ( 40 -- 65 nm ) , symmetry ( enveloped , icosahedral nucleocapsid ) , nucleic acid ( positive-sense , single-stranded RNA around 10,000 -- 11,000 bases ) , and appearance in the electron microscope . Most of these viruses are transmitted by the bite from an infected arthropod ( mosquito or tick ) and hence , classified as arboviruses . Human infections with these viruses are typically incidental , as humans are usually unable to replicate the virus to high enough titers to reinfect the arthropods needed to continue the virus lifecycle -- humans are a dead end host . The exceptions to this are the yellow fever , dengue , and zika viruses , which still require mosquito vectors , but are well-enough adapted to humans as to not necessarily depend upon animal hosts ( although they continue to have important animal transmission routes , as well ) . Other virus transmission routes for arboviruses include handling infected animal carcasses , blood transfusion , child birth and through consumption of unpasteurised milk products . Transmission from nonhuman vertebrates to humans without an intermediate vector arthropod is thought to be unlikely . For example , early tests with yellow fever showed that the disease is not contagious . The known non-arboviruses of the flavivirus family reproduce in either arthropods or vertebrates , but not both , with one odd member of the genus affecting a nematode .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a188bab9de529b28adca5b886244666", "text": "Chronic liver disease Chronic liver disease in the clinical context is a disease process of the liver that involves a process of progressive destruction and regeneration of the liver parenchyma leading to fibrosis and cirrhosis . `` Chronic liver disease '' refers to disease of the liver which lasts over a period of six months . It consists of a wide range of liver pathologies which include inflammation ( chronic hepatitis ) , liver cirrhosis , and hepatocellular carcinoma . The entire spectrum need not be experienced .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b69f451faa0405580992963bd296a7ad", "text": "Kidney stone disease Kidney stone disease , also known as urolithiasis , is when a solid piece of material ( kidney stone ) occurs in the urinary tract . Kidney stones typically form in the kidney and leave the body in the urine stream . A small stone may pass without causing symptoms . If a stone grows to more than 5 mm it can cause blockage of the ureter resulting in severe pain in the lower back or abdomen . A stone may also result in blood in the urine , vomiting , or painful urination . About half of people will have another stone within ten years . Most stones form due to a combination of genetics and environmental factors . Risk factors include high urine calcium levels , obesity , certain foods , some medications , calcium supplements , hyperparathyroidism , gout and not drinking enough fluids . Stones form in the kidney when minerals in urine are at high concentration . The diagnosis is usually based on symptoms , urine testing , and medical imaging . Blood tests may also be useful . Stones are typically classified by their location : nephrolithiasis ( in the kidney ) , ureterolithiasis ( in the ureter ) , cystolithiasis ( in the bladder ) , or by what they are made of ( calcium , uric acid , struvite , cystine ) . In those who have had stones , prevention is by drinking fluids such that more than two liters of urine are produced per day . If this is not effective enough , thiazide diuretic , citrate , or allopurinol may be taken . It is recommended that soft drinks containing phosphoric acid ( typically colas ) be avoided . When a stone causes no symptoms , no treatment is needed . Otherwise pain control is usually the first measure , using medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or opioids . Larger stones may be helped to pass with the medication tamsulosin or may require procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy , ureteroscopy , or percutaneous nephrolithotomy . Between 1 % and 15 % of people globally are affected by kidney stones at some point in their life . In 2015 , 22.1 million cases occurred , resulting in about 16,100 deaths . They have become more common in the Western world since the 1970s . Generally , more men are affected than women . Kidney stones have affected humans throughout history with descriptions of surgery to remove them dating from as early as 600 BC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e9a4943e8c940b75e70ddeefad6dee1", "text": "Alcoholic hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis is hepatitis ( inflammation of the liver ) due to excessive intake of alcohol . It is usually found in association with fatty liver , an early stage of alcoholic liver disease , and may contribute to the progression of fibrosis , leading to cirrhosis . Signs and symptoms of alcoholic hepatitis include jaundice , ascites ( fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity ) , fatigue and hepatic encephalopathy ( brain dysfunction due to liver failure ) . Mild cases are self-limiting , but severe cases have a high risk of death . Severe cases may be treated with glucocorticoids .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96cd670f58cc12e266bebcb9aab7d85e", "text": "Phytophotodermatitis Phytophotodermatitis , also known as `` lime disease '' ( not to be confused with Lyme disease ) , `` Berloque dermatitis '' , or `` Margarita photodermatitis '' is a chemical reaction which makes skin hypersensitive to ultraviolet light . It is frequently mistaken for hereditary conditions such as atopic dermatitis or chemical burns , but it is caused by contact with the photosensitizing compounds found naturally in some plants and vegetables like parsnips , citrus fruits and more . Symptoms include burning , itching and large blisters that slowly accumulate over time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0472cf4a9dc3a4c28e28e38c1795c0c", "text": "Cruveilhier–Baumgarten disease Cruveilhier -- Baumgarten disease or Pégot-Cruveilhier -- Baumgarten disease is a rare medical condition in which the umbilical or paraumbilical veins are distended , with an abdominal wall bruit ( the Cruveilhier-Baumgarten bruit ) and palpable thrill , portal hypertension with splenomegaly , hypersplenism and oesophageal varices , with a normal or small liver . It was first described by Pégot in 1833 , and then by Jean Cruveilhier ( 1835 ) and Paul Clemens von Baumgarten ( 1907 ) . Armstrong et al. ( 1942 ) and Steinburg and Galambos ( 1967 ) described two different types of the condition : Cruveilhier-Baumgarten syndrome : liver cirrhosis or portal hypertension is the cause of the distension of the paraumbilical veins ( i.e. an acquired condition in which the veins reopen due to high portal pressure ) . Cruveilhier -- Baumgarten disease : the distension of the paraumbilical veins is due to failure of umbilical vein closure , with little or no evidence of liver disease found on liver biopsy ( i.e. a congenital patency of the umbilical vein leading to portal hypertension ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "743a64c62e87dcc183cb773289154a30", "text": "Long-term effects of alcohol consumption The long-term effects of alcohol ( ethanol ) consumption range from cardioprotective health benefits for low to moderate alcohol consumption in industrialized societies with higher rates of cardiovascular disease to severe detrimental effects in cases of chronic alcohol abuse . Health effects associated with alcohol intake in large amounts include an increased risk of alcoholism , malnutrition , chronic pancreatitis , alcoholic liver disease , and cancer . In addition , damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse . The long-term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body . The developing adolescent brain is particularly vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol . In addition , the developing fetal brain is also vulnerable , and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders ( FASDs ) may result if pregnant mothers consume alcohol . The inverse relation in Western cultures between alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease has been known for over 100 years . Many physicians do not promote alcohol consumption , however , given the many health concerns associated with it , some suggest that alcohol should be regarded as a recreational drug , and promote exercise and good nutrition to combat cardiovascular disease . Others have argued that the benefits of moderate alcohol consumption may be outweighed by other increased risks , including those of injuries , violence , fetal damage , liver disease , and certain forms of cancer . Withdrawal effects and dependence are also almost identical . Alcohol at moderate levels has some positive and negative effects on health . The negative effects include increased risk of liver diseases , oropharyngeal cancer , esophageal cancer and pancreatitis . Conversely moderate intake of alcohol may have some beneficial effects on gastritis and cholelithiasis . Of the total number of deaths and diseases caused by alcohol , most happen to the majority of the population who are moderate drinkers , rather than the heavy drinker minority . Chronic alcohol misuse and abuse has serious effects on physical and mental health . Chronic excess alcohol intake , or alcohol dependence , can lead to a wide range of neuropsychiatric or neurological impairment , cardiovascular disease , liver disease , and malignant neoplasms . The psychiatric disorders which are associated with alcoholism include major depression , dysthymia , mania , hypomania , panic disorder , phobias , generalized anxiety disorder , personality disorders , schizophrenia , suicide , neurologic deficits ( e.g. impairments of working memory , emotions , executive functions , visuospatial abilities and gait and balance ) and brain damage . Alcohol dependence is associated with hypertension , coronary heart disease , and ischemic stroke , cancer of the respiratory system , and also cancers of the digestive system , liver , breast and ovaries . Heavy drinking is associated with liver disease , such as cirrhosis . Excessive alcohol consumption can have a negative impact on aging . Recent studies have focused on understanding the mechanisms by which moderate alcohol consumption confers cardiovascular benefit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecb543c259e0b0f5b3469faef6a76a44", "text": "Kaposi's sarcoma Kaposi 's sarcoma or Kaposi sarcoma ( -LSB- ˈkæpəʃi_sɑrˈkoʊmə -RSB- KS ) is a tumor caused by infection with human herpesvirus 8 ( HHV8 ) , also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV ) or KS agent . It was originally described by Moritz Kaposi , a Hungarian dermatologist practicing at the University of Vienna in 1872 . It became more widely known as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses in the 1980s . The viral cause for this cancer was discovered in 1994 . Although KS is now well-established to be caused by a viral infection , there is widespread lack of awareness of this even among persons at risk for KSHV/HHV -8 infection . Kaposi sarcoma ( KS ) is a systemic disease that can present with cutaneous lesions with or without internal involvement . Four subtypes have been described : Classic KS , affecting middle aged men of Mediterranean descent ; African endemic KS ; KS in iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients ; and AIDS-related KS . The erythematous to violaceous cutaneous lesions seen in KS have several morphologies : macular , patch , plaque , nodular , and exophytic . The cutaneous lesions can be solitary , localized or disseminated . KS can involve the oral cavity , lymph nodes , and viscera . Classic KS tends to be indolent , presenting with erythematous or violaceous patches on the lower extremities . African endemic KS and AIDS-related KS tend to be more aggressive . The AIDS-related KS lesions often rapidly progress to plaques and nodules affecting the upper trunk , face , and oral mucosa . The diagnosis can be made with a tissue biopsy and , if clinically indicated , internal imaging should be done . Once the diagnosis of KS has been made , treatment is based on the subtype and the presence of localized versus systemic disease . Localized cutaneous disease can be treated with cryotherapy , intralesional injections of vinblastine , alitretinoin gel , radiotherapy , topical immunotherapy ( Imiquimod ) , or surgical excision . Extensive cutaneous disease or internal disease may require intravenous chemotherapy and immunotherapy . Discontinuation or reduction of immunosuppressive therapy is recommended when KS arises in the setting of iatrogenic immunosuppression . However , with AIDS-related KS , highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) has been shown to prevent , or induce regression of , KS . Some AIDS patients have complete resolution of the lesions and prolonged remission while continuing the therapy . Therefore , HAART should be considered first-line treatment for these patients , though they may require other treatments at the same time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6b61856fbd0c10b73c77432f00e7790", "text": "Dermatitis herpetiformis Dermatitis herpetiformis ( DH ) , or Duhring 's disease , Freedberg , et al. ( 2003 ) . Fitzpatrick 's Dermatology in General Medicine . ( 6th ed . ) . McGraw-Hill . ISBN 0-07-138076-0 . is a chronic blistering skin condition , characterised by blisters filled with a watery fluid . Despite its name , DH is neither related to nor caused by herpes virus : the name means that it is a skin inflammation having an appearance similar to herpes . DH was first described by Louis Adolphus Duhring in 1884 . A connection between DH and celiac disease was recognised in 1967 , although the exact causal mechanism is not known . DH is a specific manifestation of celiac disease . The age of onset is usually about 15-40 , but DH can also affect children and the elderly . Men and women are equally affected . Estimates of DH prevalence vary from 1 in 400 to 1 in 10,000 . It is most common in patients of northern European/northern Indian ancestry , and is associated with the HLA-DQ2 haplotype along with coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "765e3c4821833370ac52a2adbcaaa7c7", "text": "Acute retinal necrosis Acute Retinal Necrosis ( ARN ) , is a medical inflammatory condition of the eye . The condition presents itself as a necrotizing retinitis . The inflammation onset is due to certain herpes viruses , Varicella Zoster Virus ( VZV ) , Herpes Simplex Virus ( HSV-1 and HSV-2 ) and Epstein-Barr Virus ( EBV ) . People with the condition usually display redness of the eye , white or off-white colored patches that are patches of retinal necrosis . ARN can progress into other conditions such as uveitis , detachment of the retina , and ultimately can lead to blindness . The disease was first characterized in 1971 , in Japan . Akira Urayama and his colleagues had six patients whose cases showed signs of acute necrotizing retinitis , retinal arertitis , choroiditis , and late-onset retinal detachment . The combination of the conditions was given the name acute retinal necrosis . The first reports of ARN came about in 1971 . It is unclear whether it was previously just reported as something else . Urayama and his colleagues reported the disease that they saw in six Japanese patients . Since then the disease has been seen in patient 's with AIDS , children , and people who are immunocompromised . In 1978 , Young and Bird named the disease when presented in both eyes , Bilateral Acute Retinal Necrosis , otherwise known as BARN .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfd8734813be72eac18c0d91afa0f287", "text": "Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy Acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy ( APMPPE ) is an acquired inflammatory uveitis that belongs to the heterogenous group of white dot syndromes in which light-coloured ( yellowish-white ) lesions begin to form in the macular area of the retina . Early in the course of the disease , the lesions cause acute and marked vision loss ( if it interferes with the optic nerve ) that ranges from mild to severe but usually transient in nature . Classified as an inflammatory disorder that is usually bilateral and acute in onset but self-limiting . The lesions leave behind some pigmentation , but visual acuity eventually improves even without any treatment ( providing scarring does n't interfering with optic nerve ) . It occurs more commonly in females , and is more likely to affect a persons between 20 -- 30 years of ages but has been seen in people 16 to 40 years of age . It is known to occur after or concurrently with a systemic infection ( but not always ) , showing that it is related generally to an altered immune system . Recurrent episodes can happen , but is extremely rare .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ff662871d345e07a42f43a6ae2eefdf", "text": "Schnitzler syndrome Schnitzler syndrome is a rare disease characterised by chronic hives ( urticaria ) and periodic fever , bone pain and joint pain ( sometimes with joint inflammation ) , weight loss , malaise , fatigue , swollen lymph glands and enlarged spleen and liver . The urticarial rash is non-itching in more than half of cases , which is unusual for hives . It is most prominent on the trunk , arms and legs , sparing the palms , soles , head and neck . Associated angioedema has been reported in a few patients . A review of 94 cases found a mean age at onset of 51 years , and only four patients developed symptoms before the age of 35 . The cause and disease mechanism of Schnitzler syndrome remain largely unknown . Schnitzler syndrome is considered an autoinflammatory and autoimmune disorder . Chronic hives and a monoclonal gammopathy have been proposed as the major criteria , while the others represent minor criteria .", "title": "" } ]
fever
710cb28254cbdc0fcc5471bcf45f7873
Saved cast Malcolm Tierney.
[ { "docid": "1a15e1d23738c82a7d2a322ecaebb0ca", "text": "Saved (play) Saved is a play by Edward Bond which premiered at the Royal Court Theatre , London in November 1965 . The play itself is set in London during the 1960s . Its subject is the cultural poverty and frustration of a generation of young people on the dole and living on council estates . In response to the censorship of the play , Laurence Olivier wrote a letter to The Observer , saying that : `` Saved is not a play for children but it is for grown-ups , and the grown-ups of this country should have the courage to look at it . '' U.S. novelist Mary McCarthy praised its `` remarkable delicacy '' . Saved was originally refused a licence without severe cuts by the Lord Chamberlain . When it was performed to large private audiences , the Lord Chamberlain decided to prosecute those who were involved in the production of the play . Although the defendants pleaded guilty and were fined , the case reflected badly on the censorship office and was pivotal in the abolition of theatre censorship a few years later in 1968 . The original cast included John Castle , Tony Selby , Ronald Pickup , Dennis Waterman , William Stewart , Barbara Ferris , Lucy Fleming , Gwen Nelson and Alison Fraser . The creative team included : director William Gaskill and lighting by Eric Baker . In February 1969 , after the abolition of censorship in the 1968 Theatres Act , Saved was given its first full public run at the Royal Court Theatre in London . The revival cast included : Malcolm Tierney ( as Len ) , Kenneth Cranham ( as Fred ) , Patricia Franklin ( as Pam ) , Queenie Watts ( as Mary ) , Tom Chadbon , Peter Blythe and William Gaskill was the director . The play is rarely revived , though its theme of social disenfranchisement is seen by Bond as very relevant to the present day . In October 2011 , the play was revived in London for the first time in 27 years , at the Lyric Hammersmith , directed by Sean Holmes .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e4f8c4eb3851d16139d938a9f7b01933", "text": "Eden Lake Eden Lake is a 2008 British horror thriller film written and directed by James Watkins and starring Kelly Reilly , Michael Fassbender and Jack O'Connell . The film received mostly positive reviews , and was nominated for the Empire Award for Best British Film . It is among a group of roughly contemporaneous , films that deal with concerns over `` Broken Britain '' and a fear of `` hoodies '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31ef278e3a4a5e75e38b5b9536cf7b06", "text": "Bryan Dattilo Bryan Ronald Dattilo ( born July 29 , 1971 ) is an American actor . He is best known for his role as Lucas Horton on the NBC daytime soap opera Days of Our Lives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1969ac4f7bdbc35cf63099363487f62", "text": "Emergency! Not to be confused with Emergency , a TV program aired on GMA Network in the Philippines . Emergency ! is an American television series that combines the medical drama and action-adventure genres . It was a joint production of Mark VII Limited and Universal Television . It debuted on NBC as a midseason replacement on January 15 , 1972 , replacing the two short-lived series The Partners and The Good Life , and ran until May 28 , 1977 , with six additional two-hour television films during the next two years . Emergency ! was created and produced by Jack Webb and Robert A. Cinader , who were also responsible for the police dramas Adam-12 and Dragnet . Harold Jack Bloom is also credited as a creator ; Webb does not receive screen credit as a creator . In the show 's original TV-movie pilot , Webb was credited only as its director . The series stars Randolph Mantooth and Kevin Tighe as two specially trained firefighters , who formed Squad 51 , part of the then innovative field of paramedics , who were authorized to provide initial emergency medical care to victims of accidents , fires , and other incidents in the field in order to stabilize them for transport to medical facilities . The plot of the initial pilot film described the passing of state legislation , eventually signed by then State Governor Ronald Reagan , and was called `` The Wedsworth-Townsend Act . '' It authorized paramedic units to operate in the field without conventional medical personnel on site , albeit in radio contact with an assigned hospital . Squad 51 worked in concert with the fictional Rampart General Hospital medical staff ( portrayed by Robert Fuller , Julie London , and Bobby Troup ) , who took over each patient 's case from the paramedics who worked in the field . Nearly 30 years after Emergency ! debuted , the Smithsonian Institution accepted Emergency ! memorabilia into its National Museum of American History 's public-service section , including the firefighters ' helmets , turnouts , biophone , and defibrillator . The vehicles of Station 51 are a part of the collection of the Los Angeles County Fire Museum .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef5b4bbc1956cc6ad28023a6f9639874", "text": "Rescue 911 Rescue 911 was an informational docudrama television series that premiered on CBS on April 18 , 1989 and ended on August 27 , 1996 . The series was hosted by William Shatner and featured reenactments ( and occasionally real footage ) of emergency situations that often involved calls to 911 . Though never intended as a teaching tool , various viewers used the knowledge they obtained watching the show . Two specials , titled `` 100 Lives Saved '' and `` 200 Lives Saved , '' were dedicated to these viewers who had written to CBS with their stories on how the knowledge they obtained watching the show allowed them to save the life of someone else . At least 350 lives have been saved as a result of what viewers learned from watching it . The show 's popularity coincided with the widespread adoption of the 911 emergency system , replacing standalone police and fire numbers that would vary from municipality to municipality . The number is now universally understood in the United States and Canada to be the number dialed for emergency assistance nationwide . At its height , the show was adapted in 45 countries ( with their own 911 equivalent showcased ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b05864aba4a05518338c74c602bb2cf3", "text": "Dichen Lachman Dichen Lachman ( -LSB- ˈdiːtʃən_ˈlækmən -RSB- born 22 February 1982 ) is a Nepali-born Australian actress and producer of German and Tibetan descent . She appeared in the soap opera Neighbours as Katya Kinski and Joss Whedon 's science fiction drama television series Dollhouse as Sierra . Lachman portrayed Suren in the American remake of Being Human as a main character during the show 's second season . Lachman has starred also in the 2014 film Lust for Love and had a recurring role in Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. as Jiaying , Skye 's Inhuman , ageless mother .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cefe63bbcfc5efc5d723052219a212e6", "text": "Desperate Choices: To Save My Child Desperate Choices : To Save My Child is a 1992 television film directed by Andy Tennant . It stars Joanna Kerns and Bruce Davison . It was nominated for two Young Artist Awards in 1992 . The film was retitled Solomon 's Choice for home video and rebroadcast .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eab39585dbc50a89ff09a4182ec6afd9", "text": "Malcolm Gets Hugh Malcolm Gerard Gets ( born December 28 , 1964 ) is an American actor . He is best known for his role as Richard in the American television sitcom Caroline in the City . Gets is also a dancer , singer , composer , classically trained pianist , vocal director , and choreographer . He played Gould in the 2009 film Grey Gardens opposite Jessica Lange and Drew Barrymore and his first solo album came out in 2009 from PS Classics . Gets was nominated for a Tony Award in 2003 ( Best Performance by a Lead Actor in a Musical , Amour ) and was awarded the Obie Award in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "096105fec9152d7a36d7614671f82f05", "text": "Suicide Kings Suicide Kings is a 1997 American mystery crime film based on Don Stanford 's short story The Hostage and directed by Peter O'Fallon . It stars Christopher Walken , Denis Leary , Sean Patrick Flanery , Johnny Galecki , Jay Mohr , Jeremy Sisto and Henry Thomas . The film follows the group of criminals who kidnap a respected Mafia figure . It was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ed72d632df5c16047a41afc2bda0c77", "text": "The Professionals (1966 film) The Professionals is a 1966 American western written , produced , and directed by Richard Brooks . It starred Burt Lancaster , Lee Marvin , Robert Ryan , and Claudia Cardinale , with Jack Palance , Ralph Bellamy , and Woody Strode in supporting roles . The script was adapted from the novel A Mule for the Marquesa by Frank O'Rourke . The film received three Academy Award nominations and an enthusiastic critical reception .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e53e9fbd7901d6c325e874bcddbf0a26", "text": "Tom Conti Thomas Antonio `` Tom '' Conti ( born 22 November 1941 ) is a Scottish actor , theatre director and novelist of Italian Scots descent . He has won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play in 1979 for his performance in Whose Life Is It Anyway ? He has also been nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actor for the 1983 film , Reuben , Reuben .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f89d6455de8ea90a5ba5ff79cd1b818", "text": "316 (Lost) `` 316 '' is the sixth television episode of the fifth season of ABC 's Lost . The 92nd episode of the show overall , `` 316 '' aired on February 18 , 2009 , on ABC in the United States , and was simulcast on A in Canada . The episode was written by showrunners and executive producers Damon Lindelof and Carlton Cuse and directed by Stephen Williams . In 2007 , having recruited Sun-Hwa Kwon , Jack Shephard and Benjamin Linus find a way to return to the island . Jack makes a last-ditch effort to recruit the other `` Oceanic 6 '' survivors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa3889ad61653b3d38107f1c417cb22d", "text": "Saving Grace (1998 film) Saving Grace is a 1998 film produced in New Zealand based on a play by Duncan Sarkies . It was directed by Costa Botes and stars Kirsty Hamilton and Jim Moriarty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d3a058cc69b08153d93753c5d3c8935", "text": "Clayton Rohner Clayton Rohner ( born August 5 , 1957 ) is an American actor . Rohner was born in Palo Alto , California . He is known for his role as Rick Morehouse in the 1985 comedy movie Just One of the Guys . He also starred in the 1986 film Modern Girls as Clifford and Bruno X . He is a main character in the 1994 film Caroline at Midnight . Other credits include the films April Fool 's Day , Destroyer , The Relic , and The Human Centipede 3 ( Final Sequence ) . Clayton starred in the short-lived science fiction series E.A.R.T.H. Force and G vs E . He starred in the 2005 film role in Formosa . Rohner starred on the TV series Murder One as Detective Vince Biggio from 1996 to 1997 . His television guest appearances include Miami Vice , Star Trek : The Next Generation as Admiral Mark Jameson in the season 1 episode `` Too Short a Season '' , Beverly Hills , 90210 , Charmed , Crossing Jordan , Angel , and Weeds . He also appeared in the award-winning series Into the West and The X-Files ( season 6 , episode 8 ) . He also appeared in the TV role of Jared Pryor in the short-lived ABC midseason replacement Day Break . Rohner was a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity at Whitman College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09346a92b36b9331d0bcd13a087b4fa3", "text": "Brian Dannelly Brian Dannelly is an American film director and screenwriter best known for his work on the 2004 film Saved ! .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1519921e84d8eb405cc4df89c8b29398", "text": "Scott Brady Scott Brady ( born Gerard Kenneth Tierney ; September 13 , 1924 -- April 16 , 1985 ) was an American film and television actor best known for his roles in western films and as a ubiquitous television presence . His acting career spanned 1948 - 1984 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "565cf7253df6b3f13c52074269b39a38", "text": "Daniel Ryan (actor) Daniel Ryan ( born 1968 as Daniel O'Brien ) is an English actor and writer . He is known for starring as Darren Alexander in the BBC drama comedy Linda Green , Andrew Gilligan in The Government Inspector , Andy Coulson in Steel River Blues and Kenny Reed in The Whistleblowers . His stage credits include Macbeth , A Midsummer Night 's Dream and Richard III . He also appeared as a man who was severely brain-damaged after drink and driving , in part of the COI 's Drinking And Driving Wrecks Lives campaign . In 2008 he appeared in Gethsemane , a new play by David Hare at the National Theatre . He also took over the role of Harry ( Sandy 's husband ) in the special reunion episodes of BBC sitcom As Time Goes By alongside Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer , the first actor to portray the part being David Michaels . Ryan also appeared in the 2008 Doctor Who episode `` Midnight '' . In 2010 he was very well received for his performance in Posh by Laura Wade at the Royal Court Theatre in London . As a writer , his work has been performed by the RSC and at the Edinburgh Festival . He appeared on the Teen Drama Skins as the father of the third generation character Rich Hardbeck in 2011 and 2012 . In 2014 , he appeared in Salting the Battlefield as Bill Catcheside . He is also known for playing the role of Dan in the Sky Living comedy-drama , Mount Pleasant since 2011 . In 2015 he appeared as Colonel Anthony Forbes-Leith in the BBC TV series Father Brown episode 3.9 `` The Truth in the Wine '' . He has played Welsh butcher Bryn Brindsley in the ITV war-time drama Home Fires from 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1761654cb82664f874def8982315f16e", "text": "Kevin Guthrie Kevin Guthrie ( born 22 March 1988 ) is a Scottish actor . Among his best known roles are Ally in Sunshine on Leith ( 2013 ) and Ewan in Terence Davies 's 2015 film Sunset Song . He also performed the lead role in Peter Pan at King 's Theater , Glasgow , in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd26444fd9bdf1bddc4a3a3f003d12e3", "text": "Dana Delany Dana Welles Delany ( born March 13 , 1956 ) is an American film , stage , and television actress , producer , presenter , and health activist . Delany has been active in show business since the late 1970s . Following small roles early in her career , Delany garnered her first leading role in 1987 in the short-lived NBC sitcom Sweet Surrender and achieved wider fame in 1988 -- 1991 as Colleen McMurphy on the ABC television show China Beach , for which she won two Primetime Emmy Awards ( 1989 , 1992 ) . She received further recognition for her performances in the films Light Sleeper ( 1992 ) , Tombstone ( 1993 ) , Exit to Eden ( 1994 ) , The Margaret Sanger Story ( 1995 ) , Fly Away Home ( 1996 ) , True Women ( 1997 ) , and Wide Awake ( 1998 ) . Since the mid-1990s , Delany has served on the board of the Scleroderma Research Foundation . In the 2000s , Delany returned to television with a string of short-lived television series beginning with Pasadena ( 2001 ) , Presidio Med ( 2002 -- 2003 ) , and Kidnapped ( 2006 -- 2007 ) . From 2007 to 2010 , Delany played Katherine Mayfair on the ABC series Desperate Housewives . In the 2010s , from 2011 to 2013 , Delany played the lead role of Megan Hunt on the ABC drama series Body of Proof . In 2014 , she began her co-starring role as Crystal Harris in the Amazon drama series Hand of God , which has been ordered to full series by Amazon Studios in October 2014 . Most recently , in 2015 , she had a recurring guest role in the short-lived FX sitcom The Comedians as Julie , the wife of Billy Crystal , playing a fictionalized version of himself . On July 23 , 2015 , the series was cancelled after one season . Delany is also a voice actress . She played Lois Lane in the DC animated universe as well as in The Batman animated series . In an interview , she said she loves to play `` complicated characters '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c4d80d84d8defa50142d6abcb67a6a", "text": "Devin Kelley Devin Kelley ( born January 18 , 1986 ) is an American actress . She starred in the ABC drama series Resurrection playing Dr. Maggie Langston and also co-starred on the Fox crime drama The Chicago Code .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2715cb82bab0f0bfd6f790aeb44c1f91", "text": "Tom McTigue Thomas `` Tom '' McTigue ( born 1959 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is best known for playing Harvey Miller on the 1990s television series Baywatch . He made guest appearances on numerous television programs : Beverly Hills , 90210 in 1991 as Jack and on Roseanne in 1994 as a doctor . He has also appeared in several films and hundreds of commercials . He has a minor part as a teacher in the 2014 film Boyhood .", "title": "" } ]
fever
85c549e4ff80507c9b110fd1868c7d28
Marc Maron was the host of a show.
[ { "docid": "c0cedf7946116506534e19218ea50885", "text": "The Marc Maron Show The Marc Maron Show was a late night radio show produced in affiliation with the Air America Radio network and hosted by comedian Marc Maron . The show originated from KTLK 1150 AM in Los Angeles , California . The show was less politically focused and more comedic than the other weekday programs on Air America . It featured interviews ( both political and showbusiness ) , live comedy , and extensive banter between Maron and Jim Earl , Maron 's co-host , who provides humorous introductions after each commercial break and plays several of the recurring characters in the show 's skits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0bbfc657927087be4582aafb1e42728", "text": "Comedy Central Comedy Central is an American basic cable and satellite television channel owned by Viacom Global Entertainment Group , a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom . The channel carries comedy programming , in the form of both original and syndicated series and stand-up comedy specials , as well as feature films . Since the early 2000s , Comedy Central has expanded globally with localized channels in Asia , Germany , Czech Republic , Hungary , Israel , Italy , Latin America , New Zealand , The Netherlands , Norway , Poland , Spain , Sweden , Denmark , Finland , Republic of Ireland , United Kingdom , India , Brazil , Albania , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Belgium , Croatia , Romania , Macedonia , Montenegro , Serbia , Slovenia , Middle East and Africa . The international channels are operated by Viacom International Media Networks . As of February 2015 , approximately 93,992,000 American households ( 80.70 % of households with television ) receive Comedy Central .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61c09081ffb940dcacc25962a67dc5ea", "text": "Marc Maron Marcus David Maron ( -LSB- ˈmærən -RSB- ; born September 27 , 1963 ) is an American stand-up comedian , podcaster , writer , actor , musician , director , and producer . He has been host of The Marc Maron Show and co-host of both Morning Sedition and Breakroom Live , all politically oriented shows produced by Air America Media . He hosted Comedy Central 's Short Attention Span Theater for a year , replacing Jon Stewart . Maron was a frequent guest on the Late Show with David Letterman and made more than forty appearances on Late Night with Conan O'Brien , more than any other standup performer . He was also a regular guest on Tough Crowd with Colin Quinn and hosted the short-lived American version of the British game show Never Mind the Buzzcocks on VH1 . In September 2009 , Maron began hosting a twice-weekly podcast titled WTF with Marc Maron in which he interviews comedians and celebrities . Highlights have included Conan O'Brien , Robin Williams , and an episode with Louis C.K. that was rated the # 1 podcast episode of all time by Slate magazine . In June 2015 , Maron interviewed the President of the United States , Barack Obama , at his podcast studio and home , in Highland Park , Los Angeles , California . From 2013 to 2016 , he starred in his own IFC television comedy series , Maron , for which he also served as executive producer and occasional writer .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "f2ce8b7232f6ff311e92a8640cdabe98", "text": "Al Rantel Al Rantel ( born October 14 , 1955 ) is a conservative talk show host . Rantel 's most recent contract was with KABC radio , Los Angeles , California . He retired for medical reasons in June , 2009 . Rantel is unusual in being an outspoken conservative who is openly gay . He worked in Florida for many years prior to moving to KABC , and has appeared as a pundit on television news and discussion programs . Rantel received the opportunity to work in Los Angeles at radio station KABC due to the encouragement of another East Coast transplanted talk host , Tom Leykis . Rantel previously worked for Los Angeles station KNX and Florida stations WINZ , WNWS , and WFTL . Starting January 2012 , Rantel can be heard once a week ( either Tuesday or Thursday ) on The Marc Germain Show , on TalkRadioOne.com", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd2c1ea1d12bd310611fc8e5a0ef4463", "text": "Canal Sony (Latin America) Canal Sony ( `` Sony Channel '' , in both Spanish and Portuguese ; formerly called Sony Entertainment Television ) , is a general entertainment channel co-based in Perú , Chile , Venezuela , Brazil and Miami , Florida , United States . It airs in 26 countries in Latin America , and is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment . In the region , it is distributed by HBO Latin America Group . It was the first pan-regional basic channel that offered programming in its original English language with subtitles and became an award-winning trend setting network . Canal Sony began transmission in August 1995 , as a basic cable television channel . Its first launch in Mexico was on Televisa 's Cablevision cable TV system in March 1996 followed by its launch in Brazil that same Spring . Unlike most national television networks in Latin America , which air all imported shows dubbed in Spanish or Portuguese , Sony started airing its programming with subtitles which led to its role as a regional leader . Canal Sony shows new or recent American comedy , drama and reality series such as Will & Grace , American Idol , 'Til Death , 30 Rock , Queer Eye for the Straight Guy , Falcon Beach , America 's Next Top Model , Scrubs , My Wife and Kids , Everybody Hates Chris , Medium , Ghost Whisperer , Saturday Night Live , Charmed , Whose Line Is It Anyway ? , Grey 's Anatomy , According to Jim , Desperate Housewives , That '70s Show , Ugly Betty , Big Day , Samantha Who ? and reruns or previous seasons of shows such as Seinfeld , Mad About You , Dawson 's Creek , Melrose Place , Beverly Hills , 90210 , Married ... with Children , The Nanny , My Wife and Kids and Frasier . Recently it has been broadcasting several hard comedy series , particularly from the UK such as Balls of Steel and Da Ali G Show . The channel 's biggest production so far is : Latin American Idol . The first season included 20 countries , with auditions in Caracas , Venezuela , Bogotá , Colombia , Mexico City and finishing in Buenos Aires , Argentina , the host country . The show did not include Brazil , because the country already has their own version on terrestrial television . The winner of the first season was Mayre Martinez from Venezuela , winning , amongst other prizes , a record deal , a car and a record contract . On June 12 , a redesign of the channel welcomed three new original productions by SET . Nada Que Ver was the first one , but it aired for a very short period of time , and was replaced with The IT Crowd due to unpopularity and criticism . Recently the first season of The IT Crowd finished and Nada Que Ver , returned to the programation of P.I ( Politically Incorrect , also named after the sound of a bleep in Spanish diction ) . FusionA2 ( Fused ) is a reality show in which two bands are brought together for two days to prepare and play a song together . And Ya es 1/2 Día en China ( It 's Noon in China ) A late night show in the format of NBC 's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno . The show is currently hosted by Luis Chataing . Canal Sony regularly cooperates with popular brands , like Sony Ericsson , or Sony 's competitors , like Philips , to present new products in their mini-show `` Los Huevos de Oro '' ( The Golden Eggs ) , which is shown during commercial breaks . SET also shows music videos , as occasional time-fillers . Another popular feature the channel has been known for is Si Se Lo Perdió ( in Portuguese , Vale o Bis ) , which means `` In Case You Missed It '' , a block that would re-air any new episodes of prime time shows that aired during the week on Sundays , convenient for those that missed the original airings during the week . Nada que Ver is not aired in Brazil and is not on air currently . Ugly Betty was aired in Mexico , starting April 2008 . Sony started airing movies in Tuesday 's prime time . Although the name of the slot refers to Hollywood-produced humor , the movies aired are all romantic comedies , such as Little Black Book , America 's Sweethearts , and My Best Friend 's Wedding . In December 2009 , this space was moved to Saturdays , until it was eventually dropped in 2010 , though a movie block will return to the Brazilian feed on Thursdays , starting in April 2011 , as Cine Sony . At the same time , this block returned to the other regional feeds in Spanish , but on Fridays , as EPH : Espacio Producido Hollywood ( `` Hollywood-Produced Space '' ) . The channel has aired original shows , such as Mexico 's Next Top Model and Brazil 's Next Top Model ( Both based in America 's Next Top Model , which airs on the channel ) . Other original Latin-American series that premiered on the channel are Los Simuladores and Los Caballeros las prefieren Brutas . In 2011 , the Sony Pictures channels in Brazil gained greater independence from the Spanish-language feeds , and as part of that , it was announced that CSI : Crime Scene Investigation would return to Canal Sony in Brazil , while in the rest of the region , that show remains on sister channel AXN . In October 2011 , CSI : Miami would make such channel switch in Brazil . CSI : NY remains seen on AXN in the entire region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d16eee3ff6f71562880f7449a7725bb", "text": "The RuPaul Show The RuPaul Show is an American talk/variety show that premiered on VH1 in 1996 . Hosted by drag performer , RuPaul , the show had many famous musical guests and was notable as being one of the first national television programs in the United States hosted by an openly gay host . Former singer turned radio personality , Michelle Visage was the show 's co-host .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8776a9088154cf0b65ae3917d57fae4f", "text": "Desus vs. Mero Desus vs. Mero '' was a weekly podcast show and web series hosted by Bronx natives Desus Nice and The Kid Mero . The podcast was first released on 18 December 2013 and after 46 episodes it ended on 31 December 2014 . The duo has since gone on to appear on TV series such as MTV2 's Guy Code , Uncommon Sense , and Joking Off .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f72d5d57abc102bb2fe31c32faba2eb", "text": "Panel show A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participates . Participants may compete with each other , such as on The News Quiz ; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants , such as on Match Game/Blankety Blank ; or do both , such as on Wait Wait Do n't Tell Me . The genre can be traced to 1938 , when Information Please debuted on U.S. radio . The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game , a charades show in 1946 . The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You 've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This ? in 1940 . While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S. , they are still very common in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54ee3944b1a50c3b71721b721a8b882e", "text": "Saturday Live (UK TV series) Saturday Live was a British television comedy and music show broadcast by Channel 4 from 1985 to 1987 , and in 1988 as Friday Night Live . Influenced by the American show Saturday Night Live ( in particular its use of guest hosts ) , it was produced by Paul Jackson . The series made stars of Ben Elton , Harry Enfield , Stephen Fry and Hugh Laurie , and featured appearances ( in some cases first television appearances ) by Patrick Marber , Morwenna Banks , Chris Barrie , Emo Philips , Tracey Ullman , Craig Ferguson , Craig Charles and many others . The show featured comic duo Adrian Edmondson and Rik Mayall in their act The Dangerous Brothers . All episodes were transmitted live , although some material was pre-recorded . Recordings of shows were edited into compilation repeats , retitled Saturday Almost Live . The show was succeeded by Friday Night Live , a shorter and slightly more tightly-formatted show with Elton as the permanent host , which ran for a single series in 1988 . The show 's titles consisted of reforming clay animations , highly comparable to early MTV idents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df31f8d1951afd099b5fb68bfcf624fe", "text": "The Late Show The Late Show may refer to : The Late Show is an umbrella title used by numerous local television stations in North America from the 1950s to the 1990s for their late night broadcasts of old movies Late Show ( CBS TV series ) , an American television talk show broadcast on CBS since 1993 , formerly hosted by David Letterman , and currently hosted by Stephen Colbert . Late Show with David Letterman ( 1993 -- 2015 ) The Late Show with Stephen Colbert ( 2015 -- present ) The Late Show ( Australian TV series ) , the Australian comedy television show of 1992 -- 1993 The Late Show ( Fox TV series ) , ( 1986-1988 ) a late-night American talk show broadcast by the Fox Network starring Joan Rivers for its first seven months followed by Arsenio Hall in 1987 and then Ross Shafer in 1988 and guest hosts at various times . The Late Show a late night entertainment and talk show which currently airs in Scotland on STV Glasgow from 2015 The Late Show ( BBC TV series ) , a British arts series which aired from late 1989 to 1995 The Late Show ( CBC radio ) , a radio documentary program about obituaries The Late Show ( film ) , a film from 1977 written and directed by Robert Benton Late Show , a 1999 German film by director Helmut Dietl The Late Show ( album ) , a live album by jazz saxophonists Eddie `` Lockjaw '' Davis and Johnny Griffin recorded in 1961 The Late Show ( 1950s TV series ) , a 1957 -- 1959 Australian television variety series", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d60e72b084587e5f0ef953ad7deebed", "text": "The Joan Rivers Show The Joan Rivers Show is an American talk show hosted by comedian Joan Rivers that premiered on September 5 , 1989 in broadcast syndication . The show aired for five seasons and ended on December 31 , 1993 . The show was nominated for numerous Emmy Awards , with Rivers winning the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Talk Show Host in 1990 . The series was produced by PGHM Productions , Joan Rivers 's production company , and distributed by Tribune Entertainment . Rivers had previously hosted late-night talk show entitled The Late Show with Joan Rivers which got canceled in May 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c9bfc1e2968a6340b706eccd689a0d4", "text": "Michael Maron Michael Maron is an American makeup artist , author , beauty industry entrepreneur , photographer , and media personality known for pioneering before-and-after celebrity makeovers on live television , print and video .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a39fa67a9450ad60be2756614ccd3ca3", "text": "Master of the Mix Master of the Mix is a reality television series and disc jockey competition . The 2010 season of the show had eight episodes and seven disc jockeys . The show was hosted by Just Blaze and judged by Kid Capri . Biz Markie was a regular guest . The contestants were DJ Jazzy Joyce , Rich Medina , Vikter Duplaix , DJ Scratch , DJ Rap , DJ Revolution , and DJ Mars . The show aired half-hour episodes on Wednesday nights on the Centric television network with encore Saturday airings on Black Entertainment Television . The show , which debuted on November 3 , 2010 , is presented by Smirnoff . Ben Silverman announced in September 2010 that his production company , Electus , in partnership with branded entertainment agency GTM , would produce the show with financing from Diageo , parent of Smirnoff . The private screening premier on was held in New York City on November 2 and was attended by various luminaries in the Hip Hop music industry such as Grandmaster Flash . The seven competitors have various wide-ranging experiences . Some have Grammy Award nomination ; others have sold millions of albums ; some have worked with some of the most popular current recording artists in the world . Among the DJs are the DJs of the Rock Steady Crew and EPMD . During the series the DJs compete in various challenges at venues across the world and most episodes will have eliminations . The surviving DJ who is chosen as `` Master of the Mix '' will win the sponsorship of Smirnoff as their official DJ at international Smirnoff-sponsored events for an entire year . The total value of the prize package , which includes custom-made Smirnoff bottle is $ 250,000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad7dfc15db69c3d7e3fa17f920fdd9e", "text": "Jean-Luc Azoulay Jean-Luc Azoulay ( born 1947 in Sétif , then French Algeria ) is a French television producer . He was born in Algeria to a Sephardic Jewish family . In 1987 , with the Club Dorothée , he developed a new concept for a youth TV show which had great success beginning in the 1980s until 1997 , on TF1 , one of the most important French TV channels . In 1997 TF1 somewhat mysteriously cancelled all its contracts with Azoulay production company ' `` AB '' , even though AB content was , by far , the most popular on French TV at the time . In the 1990s he created an astonishing number of extremely successful so-called `` sitcoms '' , including Salut les Muscles '' , `` Premiers Baisers '' , `` Hélène et les Garcons '' , `` Le Miel et les Abelles '' , `` Le Philo selon Philippe '' , `` Les Filles d' a cote '' . In addition to these he created many others which had lesser success , such as `` Le College des Coeurs Brises '' , `` Un homme a Domicile '' , `` Talk Show '' , L'un Contre L'autre '' , `` Les Garcons de la Plage '' or `` Else , un roman photo '' . `` Premieres Baisers '' and its spin-off , `` Hélène et les Garcons '' , each of about 200 episodes , both had several sequels . `` Hélène et les Garcons '' in particular was followed by `` Le Miracle de l'Amour '' and then `` Les Vacances de l'Amour '' ( produced on location in the carabian ) and Azoulay has recently revived the series , with the same actors , now 20 years older , in `` Les Mysteres de l'Amour '' , which has so far seen three seasons . Azoulay 's `` sit-coms '' are based on both American sitcoms and soap opera , though in fact they are a genre in their own right , which adds elements from French theatrical farce and the old traditional ` roman ' . The AB production method called for shooting 4 episodes per week ; of the many hundreds of episodes produced during the period from the launch of `` Salut les Muscles '' in the late 1980s until the 1997 close-down , Azoulay is either author or co-author of most of them . Jean-Luc Azoulay is the songwriter for Dorothée and Hélène , also producing all of their shows at the largest venues in France as well as major sites in Asia . In October 2004 , he produced 12 shows at the Palais des congrès de Paris for the legendary French singer Sylvie Vartan . In 2000 , he produced the successful TV series Navarro , L'Instit , Quai n ° 1 , along with other prestigious TV series like Les Liaisons Dangereuses and Les Rois maudits , establishing him as one of the top primetime TV producers . In October 2007 , he adapted Baie des Flamboyants from the Mexican telenovela Codigo Postal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b96f54628cf693caa6b87acdaf172d8", "text": "Live from E! Live From E! is an American pop culture-based talk show hosted by Jason Kennedy , Maria Menounos , Ross Matthews and a fourth rotating co-host , which premiered online on 9 September , 2013 . The program discusses pop culture news with their panel , and incorporates social media activity during the broadcast . From September 8 , 2014 , the program began airing on E! , becoming the network 's first program to cross over to a linear broadcast from online . The program is filmed on the same set as sister program E! News in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b43d81acfd7dc4876dc68c70eb69e87a", "text": "The Howard Stern Show (WWOR) The Howard Stern Show is an American late-night television variety show , hosted by radio personality Howard Stern . It aired Saturdays , beginning at 11:00 pm , from July 14 , 1990 to August 8 , 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cee6877c2a459a49c8ae1fc678e9157", "text": "The Mediocre Show The Mediocre Show is an independent American fake talk radio broadcast , created by Eric Tomorrow , since 2005 . It has a network of family , personal friends , and listeners on whom Eric relies for content via regular appearances on the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90ea72a560ab1a4e886473573a17f895", "text": "The Critic The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman , voiced by actor Jon Lovitz . It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously worked as writers and showrunners ( seasons 3 and 4 ) on The Simpsons . The Critic had 23 episodes produced , first broadcast on ABC in 1994 , and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995 . According to PopMatters , `` the creators -LSB- said -RSB- they intended the series as their ` love letter to New York . ' '' Episodes featured movie parodies with notable examples including a musical version of Apocalypse Now , Howard Stern 's End ( Howards End ) , Honey , I Ate the Kids ( Honey , I Shrunk the Kids/The Silence of the Lambs ) , The Cockroach King ( The Lion King ) , Abe Lincoln : Pet Detective ( Ace Ventura : Pet Detective ) , Scent of a Jackass and Scent of a Wolfman ( Scent of a Woman ) . The show often referenced popular movies such as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory and The Godfather , and routinely lampooned actor Marlon Brando and actor/director Orson Welles . They also spoofed Dudley Moore , usually as his character Arthur Bach from the 1981 film Arthur . Despite the ratings improving , The Critic was cancelled after two seasons . It continued to air through reruns on Comedy Central and then on Locomotion . From February 1 , 2000 to 2001 , ten webisodes were later produced using Adobe Shockwave , and were broadcast on AtomFilms.com and Shockwave.com . In 2004 , the DVD box set was released , which includes all 23 TV episodes ( in their original production order ) and the webisodes . In the late 2000s , reruns of the show aired again on ReelzChannel in the US and on Teletoon 's programming block Teletoon at Night in Canada . As of 2016 , the first season can be viewed for free on Crackle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03d174f34dbf124b96f8dd13ca799773", "text": "The Culture Show The Culture Show was a weekly BBC Two Arts magazine programme , focusing on the best of the week 's arts and culture news , covering books , art , film , architecture , music , visual fashion and the performing arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3127d2ce9db188586c949584e9ab7ce", "text": "The Jay Leno Show The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno . Premiering on NBC on September 14 , 2009 , the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9 , 2010 . The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show -- specifically , Jay Leno 's incarnation of The Tonight Show , opening with a comedic monologue , followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments . Sketches from The Tonight Show ( including Headlines and Jaywalking ) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show , along with new sketches . The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universal 's then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the company following his retirement from The Tonight Show and replacement with Conan O'Brien . The Jay Leno Show was also intended to provide NBC with an alternative to the high-cost scripted dramas aired by competing networks in its time slot ; the network believed that the lower cost of production , in combination with product placement deals , meant that the program did not necessarily have to be highly viewed in order to turn a profit . NBC hoped to attract Leno 's existing fans , as well as a larger primetime audience than that of his late-night program . The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics , who felt that the series had little differentiation from Leno 's Tonight Show . Others were critical of NBC 's decision to give up an hour of its weeknight lineup to Leno , due to the network 's past success with dramas airing in the time slot , while one NBC affiliate notably planned to not air the show at all , although this decision was retracted due to complaints by the network . Although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBC 's projections , by November , the program 's ratings began to fall significantly . NBC 's affiliates complained that the declining viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts . In an effort to address the concerns , NBC announced in January 2010 that it would , following the 2010 Winter Olympics , shorten The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour , and move it to 11:35 p.m -- the timeslot that had been occupied by The Tonight Show for nearly 60 years , and bump Tonight to 12:05 a.m. NBC 's decision resulted in a major public conflict between the network and Conan O'Brien , who asserted that the move would damage the highly respected Tonight Show franchise , and that he would not participate in the program if it were moved to 12:05 . Despite much support for O'Brien from both the public and media professionals alike , NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11:35 . On January 21 , 2010 , NBC reached a $ 45 million settlement with O'Brien in order to end his contract . The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9 , 2010 , after being on the air for only four months , with Entertainment Weekly calling the program television 's `` Biggest Bomb of All Time . '' Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1 , 2010 , in a final stint that lasted until his February 2014 succession by Jimmy Fallon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0b439b1b70191c6de9ae1d43d475774", "text": "Morning Sedition Morning Sedition was a three-hour radio program that premiered April 1 , 2004 and ran until December 16 , 2005 , in the United States . It was hosted by comedian Marc Maron and New York radio veteran Mark Riley . Prior to June 2004 , the show was also hosted by radio and television journalist Sue Ellicott . The show combined live interview , call-in and commentary with a liberal slant . The name is a parody of the popular NPR program Morning Edition . The show aired from 6:00 to 9:00 am Eastern Time from Monday to Friday , with a `` Best of Morning Sedition '' on Saturdays from 6:00 to 10:00 am Eastern Time on Air America Radio . It was available via Internet streaming through Windows Media Player or the RealPlayer . The show was also available in MP3 podcast format for use with iTunes and the iPod . Co-hosts Marc Maron and Mark Riley ( Marc and Mark ) , mixed a fast paced dialogue with discussion and interviews . With Mark Riley playing straight man to Marc Maron , serious political issues were framed by comedy . Rachel Maddow and Wayne Gilman split news reader chairs at the top of the hour . The show was produced by current Doing Time with Ron Kuby producer Dan Pashman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "416e5bd7ebb436b9261d7d990164e4bf", "text": "Marc Saw Nelson Marc Saw Nelson ( born 14 February 1972 ) , better known as Marc Nelson , is a Burmese , Thai and Australian television host and model mostly credited for being one of Philippine television 's most visible and prominent personalities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3206354cf5daaae26d01682ef618c5ef", "text": "An Audience with... An Audience with ... is a British entertainment television show produced by London Weekend Television ( now part of ITV Studios ) , in which a host , usually a singer or comedian , performs for an invited audience of celebrity guests , interspersed with questions from the audience , in a light hearted revue/tribute style .", "title": "" } ]
fever
9c962a771532a76796a226441b828e45
Above the Law is produced by Andrew Davis and Steven Seagal.
[ { "docid": "f3dd15c8f78df6d9b8ef19b8c24892bd", "text": "Above the Law (film) Above the Law ( also known as Nico ) is a 1988 American action film written , produced and directed by Andrew Davis , and also produced by and starring Steven Seagal in his film debut . The film co-stars Pam Grier , Sharon Stone , Daniel Faraldo and Henry Silva . This came about after a successful screen test , financed by Michael Ovitz , leading to Seagal being offered a contract by Warner Bros. . The film was set and filmed on location in Chicago . The film was released in the United States on April 8 , 1988 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "462c4d26d0350f02b5916507b8be8faf", "text": "J. F. Lawton Jonathan Frederick `` J. F. '' Lawton ( born August 11 , 1960 ) is an American screenwriter , producer and director . His screen credits include the box office hit Pretty Woman , Mistress , Blankman , Under Siege , Under Siege 2 : Dark Territory , The Hunted , Chain Reaction , DOA : Dead or Alive , Jackson , and the TV series V.I.P. Under the assumed name J.D. Athens , he wrote and directed Cannibal Women in the Avocado Jungle of Death and Pizza Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb43b748a8ea2ff537e10c40adbeb7a5", "text": "Andrew Lawton Andrew Lawton ( born 14 January 1978 ) is an Australian film director , television director , screenwriter , and actor . He was born in Melbourne , Australia , and is a graduate of The University of Melbourne and Sarah Lawrence College in New York . As an actor , Lawton is known for roles on the television series Neighbours , State Coroner and One Life to Live . He is the owner and creative director of Kinetic Studios , a production company in New York City , and most recently directed Neil Patrick Harris in A Roundabout Road to Broadway for NBC . As a filmmaker , Lawton 's credits include writing and directing the films Rain , Wake , Couch Surfer and Have You Seen Calvin ? .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3693720cb54953498bb8a3721add5908", "text": "Raising the Bar (2015 TV series) Raising the Bar is a 2015 Hong Kong modern legal drama series produced by TVB and starring Ben Wong , Louis Cheung , Ram Chiang , Grace Chan , Elaine Yiu , Jeannie Chan , Stephanie Ho , Natalie Tong , Timothy Cheng , Elena Kong and Moon Lau . Filming of the series took place from June till September 2014 . The series began airing 26 January 2015 and ended its run on 27 February 2015 . It was broadcast on weekdays , Monday to Friday , by TVB 's Jade channel in the 8:30 -9:30 pm timeslot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "281906af7db4545a3d9b57a70ba07660", "text": "Aaron Dean Eisenberg Aaron Dean Eisenberg ( born on September 7 , 1983 in New York ) is an American actor and producer . He grew up in Long Beach , NY .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "502d6a44482dc458f8b66b9b002985e2", "text": "We're All in the Same Gang `` We 're All in the Same Gang '' is a 1990 single by the West Coast Rap All-Stars , a collaboration of West Coast hip-hop artists who assembled for this song , which promoted an anti-violence message . Produced by Dr. Dre , the song featured rhymed lyrics from the following : King Tee Body & Soul ( including Dee Barnes ) Def Jef Michel ` le Tone-Loc Above the Law Ice-T Dr. Dre , MC Ren and Eazy-E of N.W.A J.J. Fad Young MC Digital Underground ( Money-B and Shock G ) Oaktown 's 3.5.7 MC Hammer On the B-side was the Radio Special version of the single ( trimmed down to 4 minutes with the exclusion of Def Jef , Above The Law , JJ Fad , Oaktown 's 3.5.7 . , and MC Hammer ) , and the song `` Tellin ' Time ( Mike 's Rap ) '' , produced by Shock G and featuring Dr. Dre and Michael Concepcion , the executive producer of the project . N.W.A. , Michel ` le , Above the Law and J.J. Fad all recorded for Eazy-E and Jerry Heller 's Ruthless Records . In 1991 , the song was nominated at the 33rd Annual Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9667debada837220e171b0ef54f710bd", "text": "Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ea30ad90cd5a846fde7810378fee4f4", "text": "Just Follow Law Just Follow Law is a 2007 Singaporean comedy film directed by Jack Neo , and starring Gurmit Singh , Fann Wong , Brandon Wong , Suhaimi Yusof , Moses Lim , David Bala , Samuel Chong and Steven Woon . In the film , a blue-collar technician and the events and promotion department director swap souls after a freak accident at a fictional government agency Work Allocation Singapore ( WAS ) . It was first released in Singapore on 15 February 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7458432ea6f229f91641843b0a9c76b", "text": "Michael S. Chernuchin Michael S. Chernuchin ( born 1954 ) is an American television writer and producer . He has worked on the NBC crime dramas Law & Order and Brooklyn South . He has won a Producers Guild of America ( PGA ) Award and an Edgar Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50f2bb3683a23b281b32532496b6d710", "text": "Quadriga Productions Quadriga Productions is a production company set up in 1999 by actor/director/writer Andrew Kazamia . They have produced two award-winning short films and currently have three feature films in pre-production/production .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "406e72f609b838eaf56a446e6f2ba9a7", "text": "Dustin Lee Abraham Dustin Lee Abraham is an American actor , producer and screenwriter . He penned the 2001 cult movie How High for Method Man and Redman . As of 2009 , he produces and writes for CSI : Crime Scene Investigation . On December 6 , 2007 , film director William Friedkin directed an episode of CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , Cockroaches , written and produced by Abraham .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24a8fc4d6225349af9d10b49843a427e", "text": "Lawless Element Lawless Element is an underground hip hop duo from Detroit , Michigan . The duo is composed of cousins Griot ( West African for `` Storyteller '' , born Alfred Austin ) as emcee and Magnif ( born Kavi Tapsico ) as DJ , producer and emcee . The duo of Magnif and Griot became engulfed in hip hop culture at the ages of 6 and 9 , and spent their teenage years honing their skills on the production boards and on the microphone . At the ages of 16 and 19 , the duo released their first single , titled `` Mic Check '' , in 2003 on Running Man Records . The next year , the duo hooked up with fellow Detroit native , producer J Dilla , to release the single `` The Shining '' . In early 2005 , LE worked with Dilla 's Jaylib partner Madlib on the single `` High '' , which landed them a deal with popular independent rap label Babygrande Records . Their debut album , Soundvision : In Stereo , was released in September 2005 to generally positive reviews . Soundvision featured production from Magnif , J Dilla and Madlib and guest appearances from Dilla , Melanie Rutherford , Phat Kat , Big Tone , P.Dot , SelfSays and Diverse . `` Rules Pt . 2 '' was the album 's lead single , and also became the duo 's first music video . URB magazine gave the album 4 out of 5 stars and stated that it was `` Heavily influenced by the golden age of De La Soul , Pete Rock and DJ Premier '' and that it featured `` 12 top-shelf tracks '' The album also earned the duo Featured Artist status on the Okayplayer website . Magnif has continued production work for a number of other underground acts , and released a mixtape titled SupaBeatMaker in late 2005 . The duo has announced plans for their second album , tentatively titled Evil , scheduled for released in 2008 on Babygrande Records . Magnif is also planning the release of a full-length production and solo album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39d45ef811203f2d4e7b5dee35c43d14", "text": "Eelke Kleijn Eelke van Kleijn ( born June 11 , 1983 ) is a Dutch producer and DJ hailing from Rotterdam , the Netherlands . He is known mostly for his electronic dance music , but nowadays also produces music for other media , such as television series , commercials , movie trailers and animations . In his early career ( between 2003 and 2005 ) , he mainly produced electronic records as M.I.D.O.R. & Six4Eight , and he was responsible for some of the DJ Precision releases and remixes . His first release as ` Eelke Kleijn ' was ' 4.5 Billion Years ' in 2003 on Segment Records . From 2005 onwards , he solely released music under his own name . His breakthrough came in 2006 when Nick Warren used the track ' 8 Bit Era ' for his ` Global Underground : Paris ' compilation . As a result , Eelke released his first artist album ` Naturally Artificial ' on Global Underground in 2007 . He remixed artists such as John Legend , Goldfish ( band ) , Dave Seaman , Way Out West , Hybrid , Sander Kleinenberg and Nadia Ali . In 2010 Eelke released his second artist album ` Untold Stories ' on Manual Music . As a DJ , Eelke has played many venues and festivals including Mystery Land , Extrema Outdoor , Dance Valley , Sensation , Warung Brazil , Privilege Ibiza and Moonpark Buenos Aires . Since 2010 Eelke Kleijn as a producer is also involved in composing music for animations , games and advertisement . More recently he devoted himself to creating music for Hollywood movie trailers and TV series . He also hosts a monthly radio show and podcast ` Outside the Box ' , and manages the record labels Outside the Box Music , Survival and Down Under . He is a BBC Radio 1 ` Next Hype ' act for ` Stand Up ' , remixing John Legend and Hollywood ` soundtracker ' for Parker , Wrath Of The Titans , This Means War and Ron Howard 's Rush trailers . Eelke is also performing and producing in the Before.Now.After collaboration with Dutch DJs/producers and friends Olivier Weiter , Miss_melera and Arjuna Schiks since 2014 . Weiter and Kleijn are presenting the weekly Before.Now.After radio show at SLAM!FM with support of Miss Melera and Schiks as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec97d5c62f2ce839cb064481ac077c55", "text": "Sandy Stern Sandy Stern is an American film producer , best known for his work on the films Pump Up the Volume ( 1990 ) , Being John Malkovich ( 1999 ) and Saved ! ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74637b966e9902e6fa1ae4f04cb8728a", "text": "Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close (film) Extremely Loud & Incredibly Close is a 2011 American drama film adaptation of the novel of the same name by Jonathan Safran Foer , directed by Stephen Daldry and written by Eric Roth . It stars Thomas Horn , Tom Hanks , Sandra Bullock , Max von Sydow , Viola Davis , John Goodman , Jeffrey Wright , and Zoe Caldwell . Production took place in New York City . The film had a limited release in the United States on December 25 , 2011 by Warner Bros. . Pictures , and a wide release on January 20 , 2012 . Despite mixed reviews , the film was nominated for two Academy Awards , Best Picture and Best Supporting Actor for von Sydow . The film earned $ 55.2 million . The film was released in Blu-ray , DVD , and digital download formats in Region 1 on March 27 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "419b4c4463f16acb46f3a85cc7bfd9bd", "text": "Raising the Bar (2008 TV series) Raising the Bar is an American legal drama , which ran on TNT network from September 1 , 2008 to December 24 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32cb1f48cd4d214239d90536eebeb0e9", "text": "Above the Law Above the Law may refer to : legibus solutus , doctrine of Roman Law Above the Law ( website ) , a law blog Righting Wrongs , a 1986 Hong Kong film titled `` Above the Law '' for international release Above the Law ( film ) , a 1988 action film starring Steven Seagal Above the Law ( group ) , an American hip hop group Above the Law ( TV series ) , an Australian television series `` Above the Law '' , a song by Bad Meets Evil from Hell : The Sequel `` Above the Law '' is third episode of The Walking Dead : A New Frontier", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06f77fe07eb68da197f1cb0f62d6672c", "text": "Grant Heslov Grant Heslov ( born May 15 , 1963 ) is an American actor , film producer , screenwriter and director , known for his producing and writing collaborations with George Clooney , which have earned him three Academy Award nominations . As a co-producer of Argo ( 2012 ) , he received the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2013 . As an actor , he has appeared in films including True Lies ( 1994 ) , Black Sheep ( 1996 ) , Enemy of the State ( 1998 ) and The Scorpion King ( 2002 ) , as well as performing supporting roles in several films made with Clooney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22d5a4500bdbddb7371dc4dad8978fa2", "text": "David Davis (TV producer) David Davis ( born 1937 ) is an American television producer and television writer . He is best known for work on the sitcoms The Bob Newhart Show , a series he co-created with Lorenzo Music , and Taxi , a series he co-created with James L. Brooks , Stan Daniels and Ed . Weinberger . In 1979 , he won a Primetime Emmy Award for his producing work on Taxi . He also produced for the series O.K. Crackerby ! , My Mother the Car , He & She , The Good Guys , Get Smart and wrote episodes for The Mary Tyler Moore Show and its spin-off Rhoda . Since 1976 , Davis has been in a relationship with actress Julie Kavner , they met on the set on Rhoda , a series Kavner co-starred in .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b88d315b5f0f0cf6db951c52f6021558
Bruno Mars has his own band.
[ { "docid": "99326bd2b9850695212fbe254828435e", "text": "Bruno Mars Peter Gene Hernandez ( born October 8 , 1985 ) , known professionally as Bruno Mars ( -LSB- ˈmɑrz -RSB- ) , is an American singer-songwriter , multi-instrumentalist , record producer , and choreographer . Born and raised in Honolulu , Hawaii , by a family of musicians , Mars began making music at a young age and performed in various musical venues in his hometown throughout his childhood . He graduated from high school and moved to Los Angeles to pursue a musical career . After being dropped by Motown Records , Mars signed a recording contract with Atlantic Records in 2009 . In 2009 , he co-founded the production team The Smeezingtons , responsible for the singles `` Nothin ' on You '' by B.o.B and `` Billionaire '' by Travie McCoy . He featured on the hooks for both singles , becoming recognized as a solo artist . His debut studio album Doo-Wops & Hooligans ( 2010 ) included the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles `` Just the Way You Are '' and `` Grenade '' , as well as the number-four single `` The Lazy Song '' . His second album , Unorthodox Jukebox ( 2012 ) , peaked at number one in the United States . The album spawned the international singles `` Locked Out of Heaven '' , `` When I Was Your Man '' and `` Treasure '' . In 2014 , Mars lent his vocals to Mark Ronson 's `` Uptown Funk '' . In 2016 , he released his third studio album 24K Magic with the lead single of the same title released on October 7 , 2016 . To date , he has sold over 115 million singles and 9 million albums worldwide , making him one of the best-selling artists of all time . Mars has landed seven number-one singles on the Billboard Hot 100 since his career launched in 2010 , attaining his first five faster than any male artist since Elvis Presley . Mars has received many awards and nominations , including five Grammy Awards , and was named one of Times 100 most influential people in the world in 2011 . In December 2013 , he ranked number one on the Forbes 30 under 30 list . Mars is known for his stage performances and retro showmanship . He is accompanied by his band , The Hooligans , who play a variety of instruments such as electric guitar , bass , piano , keyboards , drums and horns , and also serve as backup singers and dancers . Mars performs in a wide range of musical styles .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5838085bd1828dfb25bc10028b0083ca", "text": "Biffy Clyro Biffy Clyro are a Scottish rock band that formed in Kilmarnock , East Ayrshire , composed of Simon Neil ( guitar , lead vocals ) , James Johnston ( bass , vocals ) and Ben Johnston ( drums , vocals ) . Currently signed to 14th Floor Records , they have released seven studio albums , four of which ( Puzzle , Only Revolutions , Opposites and Ellipsis ) reached the top five in the UK Albums Chart , with their sixth studio album , Opposites claiming their first UK number-one album . After their first three albums , the band expanded their following significantly in 2007 with the release of their fourth , Puzzle , creating more mainstream songs with simpler rhythms and distancing themselves from the more unusual dissonant style that was present in their previous three albums . Puzzle peaked at number 2 on the official UK album charts on 16 June 2007 . The album went Gold in the UK , selling over 100,000 units , and later in 2012 went Platinum in the UK , having sold over 300,000 copies . The band released Only Revolutions in 2009 which reached No. 3 in the UK chart and went gold within days of its release in 2009 , going platinum later in 2010 and receiving a Mercury Music Prize nomination . Only Revolutions included the UK hit singles `` Mountains '' , `` That Golden Rule '' and `` Many of Horror '' all of which reached the UK Top Ten . The latter reached number eight on the UK Singles Chart after The X Factor 2010 winner , Matt Cardle covered the song , and became the UK number one Christmas single for the year 2010 . In 2011 the band was nominated for the Brit Awards for Best British Group . At the 2013 NME Awards , they received the award for Best British Band . On 25 August 2013 Biffy Clyro headlined the main stage at Leeds & Reading Festival . Based on their album and single certifications , the band have sold in excess of 1,240,000 albums and 400,000 singles in the UK alone . As of 2016 , in total , the band have spent 155 weeks in the top seventy-five of the UK Album Charts , with two of those weeks being at the top position at number one and seventy weeks within the main top forty of the albums charts . The band 's singles have spent a total of seventy-nine weeks in the UK Singles Charts , with six weeks in the top ten and forty-two in the top forty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab4cf33a837d51f61adc05d8d60a3129", "text": "Christmas on Mars Christmas on Mars is a science fiction film from the alternative rock band The Flaming Lips , written and directed by the band 's frontman , Wayne Coyne , and featuring the entire band in the cast , as well as many of their associates , including Steve Burns , Adam Goldberg , and Fred Armisen . The film began development in 2001 , filming was completed in October 2005 , and the film premiered on May 25 , 2008 at the Sasquatch ! Music Festival . For its general release in the United States , Christmas on Mars was booked into several dozen cities for unconventional screenings , in venues which included a former Ukrainian Socialist Social Club in New York City . The film was released in three different packages on November 11 , 2008 through conventional retailers as well as through the band 's website . A vinyl edition was released November 25 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f544c7ed328322563cfc1699ae3ea2c", "text": "Gallo Record Company Gallo Record Company is the largest ( and oldest independent ) record label in South Africa . It is based in Johannesburg , South Africa , and is owned by Times Media Group ( formerly Johnnic Communications and Avusa ) . The current Gallo Record Company is a hybrid of two rival South African record labels between the 1940s and 1980s : the original Gallo Africa ( 1926 -- 85 ) and G.R.C. ( Gramophone Record Company , 1939 -- 85 ) . In 1985 Gallo Africa acquired G.R.C. ; as a result , Gallo Africa became known as Gallo-GRC . Five years after the acquisition , the company was renamed Gallo Record Company . The company owns over 75 % of all recordings ever made in South Africa , including those by artists such as Ladysmith Black Mambazo , Mahlathini and the Mahotella Queens , Miriam Makeba , Hugh Masekela , Stimela , West Nkosi , and Makgona Tsohle Band . Although they both use the rooster as the basis for their logos ( since `` Gallo '' is the Spanish and Italian word for `` rooster '' ) , the company is not affiliated with the American E and J Gallo Winery", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e611410afc3dc151c2f067f0c8b08f9", "text": "The Jerks The Jerks is a rock band from the Philippines , formed in 1979 and is perhaps the original alternative rock and blues band in the Philippines . The band has undergone a lot of member changes and notably a lot of the previous members of the band are now certified icons themselves in the music scene . Members like Chickoy Pura , Nitoy Adriano , Jun Lupito , Angelo Villegas , and others have carved names in their respective niches . Other performers who have played with the Jerks is former Put3ska drummer Brutus Lacano as a session musician , and drummer Benjie Santos . Despite having been formed in 1979 , they only released their debut record in 1994 entitled The Jerks Live , released under Gary Granada 's Backdoor Records . It was recorded live at the legendary Mayric 's bar and showcases the raw , passionate musicality of the band never before put into record . The Jerks also released a self-titled album in the late '90s . By 1997 , Star Records managed to convince the band to record a major label album called Haligi Ng Maynila , produced by ABS-CBN 's Gabby Lopez , which gave the band the opportunity to reach a wider audience . This paved the way to the band winning the 1998 NU Rock Award for Best Album and the 1998 Katha Award for Best Rock Song , `` Reklamo ng Reklamo '' . The Jerks still perform regularly around Manila in bars like My Brother 's Mustache Folk Bar near Timog Avenue , The 70s Bistro , Tiendesitas and Route 196 along Katipunan Extension .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54fd7ad065bd6e45ec03859cc9257750", "text": "Buckshot LeFonque (album) Buckshot LeFonque is the eponymous debut album of Branford Marsalis 's jazz/hip-hop/rock group . Creating a new hybrid sound , It peaked at number 38 on the Heatseekers Billboard chart and number 94 on the R&B Albums chart . In his AllMusic review , Richard Ginell calls the album `` a breakthrough ... a marvelously playful and , above all , musical fusion of the old jazz verities and newer currents swirling around the 1990s . '' David Hajdu 's Entertainment Weekly review was more harsh , saying , `` The gimmick betrays a project of iffy conviction '' and calling the project `` old-fashioned , '' `` uninspired , '' and `` all too serious . '' And People Magazine wrote , `` Buckshot Lefonque goes from being a cool idea to be-coming cool music only when Branford and crew let hip hop 's noise erupt . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e548cfad2fddf918652dad0c086ad610", "text": "Liquid Blue Liquid Blue is an American indie pop rock band/cover band formed in San Diego , California in 1996 by Scott Stephens & Michael Vangerov . The group has performed in more than 500 cities in 100 countries on six continents and have been recognized as `` the world 's most traveled band '' . They are more popular in parts of Asia and Europe than in their home country ( USA ) . In 2010 the group scored their first hit in the United States with the song `` Earth Passport '' , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot Dance Chart in October 2010 . Earth Passport was recorded using nine languages including all six of the official languages of the United Nations . Liquid Blue received a Guinness World Record for `` Earth Passport '' for `` Song Sung in the Most Languages '' . In 2011 the group was named `` Entertainer of the Year - Ensemble '' at the Event Solutions Spotlight Awards held in Las Vegas on February 28 . The band was `` certified green '' by the County of San Diego in May 2009 . The band 's official slogan is `` Music To Move You . '' The core unit of Stephens , Vangerov , and Nikki Green have been together since 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8fe52ed18e95b72a2051b6ebec27caed", "text": "The Laziest Men on Mars The Laziest Men on Mars is an American techno band known for their successful gabber song `` Invasion of the Gabber Robots '' which remixed some of the Zero Wing video game music by Tatsuya Uemura , which became background music to the popular `` All your base are belong to us '' Flash animation . Their song `` Invasion of the Gabber Robots '' was featured prominently on Mp3.com . Their name is taken from a line the Season 3 episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000 riffing on the B-movie Santa Claus Conquers The Martians , which the band samples in several of their songs ( `` Droppo , you are the laziest man on mars '' ) . The identity of only one of the group 's members has been discovered - DJ Jeffrey Jay Roberts of Kansas City , Missouri , who created the track `` Invasion of the Gabber Robots '' in late 2000 . The remaining members ' identities remain unknown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4273867145f36c8c7836d15140bb387", "text": "Nuestro Amor Nuestro Amor ( English : Our Love ) is the second studio album by Mexican pop band RBD . The album was released on September 22 , 2005 in Mexico , selling over 127,000 units in its first seven hours of release in the country , and 160,000 in the first week , enough for it to be certified Platinum almost instantly . It was eventually certified 3 × Platinum + Gold in Mexico . In the United States , the album was released on October 4 , 2005 and peaked at number 88 on the Billboard 200 albums chart . It also spent three weeks in a row at # 1 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart , selling over 100,000 units just in its first week of release . The album was released in Spain on October 30 , 2006 and has been certified 2 × Platinum in the region . The album was nominated for a Latin Grammy in the `` Best Pop Album by a Duo/Group with Vocals '' category at the 2006 Latin Grammy Awards . On March 2 , 2006 , a ` Diamond Edition ' of the album was released , which included the original 14 tracks , plus an interactive CD including wallpapers , videos , screensavers , plus two new unreleased tracks . The group eventually recorded a Portuguese-language version of the album for their fanbase in Brazil ; this edition was launched on May 22 , 2006 , and was titled Nosso Amor Rebelde . As of 2011 , Nuestro Amor has sold 12 million copies worldwide , making it RBD 's best selling album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aca0d3e11dc59b3c0416950f8a454f26", "text": "Mars program The Mars program was a series of unmanned spacecraft launched by the Soviet Union between 1960 and 1973 . The spacecraft were intended to explore Mars , and included flyby probes , landers and orbiters . Early Mars spacecraft were small , and launched by Molniya rockets . Starting with two failures in 1969 , the heavier Proton-K rocket was used to launch larger 5 tonne spacecraft , consisting of an orbiter and a lander to Mars . The orbiter bus design was likely somewhat rushed into service and immature , considering that it performed very reliably in the Venera variant after 1975 . This reliability problem was common to much Soviet space hardware from the late 1960s and early 1970s and was largely corrected with a deliberate policy , implemented in the mid-1970s , of consolidating ( or `` debugging '' ) existing designs rather than introducing new ones . The names of the `` Mars '' missions do not need to be translated , as the word `` Mars '' is spelled and pronounced approximately the same way in English and Russian . In addition to the Mars program , the Soviet Union also sent a probe to Mars as part of the Zond program ; Zond 2 , however it failed en route . Two more spacecraft were sent during the Phobos program . In 1996 , Russia launched Mars 96 , its first interplanetary mission since the dissolution of the Soviet Union , however it failed to depart Earth orbit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cafa1ef2c5eac41f91fbc8ee00e631d", "text": "Mars (2004 film) Mars is a 2004 Russian film , directed and written by Anna Melikian . Set in a small Russian city of Mars , the film tells the story of a professional boxer who has run away from his life to a small Russian town on the coast of the Black Sea . The story contains elements of surrealism and magical realism . The town 's main industry is the manufacture of plush toys , which function as a local currency . The boxer is color blind ; his color blindness is portrayed , for example , by a profusion of blue apples . The city of Mars was formerly called Marks : Марс as opposed to Маркс , the name change being effected by removing one letter from the roof of the railway station .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "276625e3311ba00a72f2cb14c7f864c0", "text": "Il Nuovissimo Mondo Il Nuovissimo Mondo ( rough translation : The brand new world ) is the second studio album by the Italian one man band Bologna Violenta of Nicola Manzan , released in 2010 by Bar La Muerte Records . The album is inspired by the `` mondo-movies '' such as the cult-documentary of the 60s Mondo Cane by Paolo Cavara , and is full of quotations ( expressed through the dialogue ) that refer to the cynical atmosphere of these `` mondo-movies , '' while there are also parts ( Blue Song ) , which makes reference to melody . There are no real songs , but short compositions alternating moments with heavy distorted guitar riffs and spoken parts which talk about the cynicism and violence of modern man -- massacres of children , violence against women , politicians ' abuses -- while remaining far from political or religious ideologies . After the release of Il Nuovissimo Mondo , Bologna Violenta went on a two-year tour which included one hundred and thirty dates , not only in Italy but also abroad . The cover art shows a typical Italian version of an obituary , in which is depicted Nicola Manzan himself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09145b3ffe93c7b7430261273a750247", "text": "Band Aid (Italian band) Band Aid is an Italian band formed in Lecce in 1980 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4d044f75d7c7b0584269554878ecc29", "text": "Legs Diamond (band) Legs Diamond is an American rock band that has often been called `` The American Deep Purple '' . They formed in Los Angeles , California starting with Michael `` Diamond '' Gargano ( bass ) and Jeff Poole ( drums ) . The group released their self-titled debut album for Mercury Records in 1977 . The original band broke up in 1980 after three popular albums , but reformed in 1984 after their original albums had begun to acquire a cult following . The new lineup released several more albums and continued to perform throughout the 1990s and 2000s . In 2005 , original frontman Rick Sanford was replaced by ex-Montrose and Wild Horses vocalist John Levesque , and the band released their latest album , `` Diamonds Are Forever '' , in 2006 . Original members include Roger Romeo ( guitar ) , Michael Prince ( keyboards/rhythm guitar ) , and Jeff Poole ( percussion ) . The band still does the occasional gig in the Los Angeles area and at least once a year in San Antonio , TX where they are still hugely popular , the result of being a favorite of influential disc jockey Joe `` the Godfather '' Anthony ( 1940-1992 ) . Keyboardist Michael Prince is active in studio recording , in Los Angeles , working with some better known R+B and Pop Acts , including Beyoncé , Chris Brown , Usher , Los Lobos and Michael Jackson . Guitarist Roger Romeo is also currently working in a new band called the Funkin Maniacs . Power drummer Jon Hyde ( Detective ) and NS Stick and bassist Gary Jibilian round out the trio . They are recording a new CD slated for release early 2012 . As of 2011 , the band was working on their 12th CD due to be available within the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31eeacd1bd9fc7c5f991d1e2fd085f7b", "text": "¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock . The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2b5e3ed740d68c08aa0de5fc48107ba", "text": "Alice Cooper (band) Alice Cooper was an American rock band formed in Phoenix , Arizona in 1964 . The band consisted of lead singer Vince Furnier , Glen Buxton ( lead guitar ) , Michael Bruce ( rhythm guitar , keyboards ) , Dennis Dunaway ( bass guitar ) , and Neal Smith ( drums ) . Furnier legally changed his name to Alice Cooper and has had a solo career under that name since the band became inactive in 1975 . The band was notorious for their elaborate , theatrical shock rock stage shows . In 2011 , the original Alice Cooper band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . After several years of little success , the Alice Cooper band rose to fame in 1971 with the success of the single `` I 'm Eighteen '' and the album Love It to Death . The band peaked in popularity in 1973 with the album Billion Dollar Babies and its tour , which broke box-office records previously held by The Rolling Stones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3", "text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20ae4a252655220a40af3147735955a1", "text": "Mushroom (song) `` Mushroom '' is a song by the krautrock band Can , on their 1971 album Tago Mago . The track lasts for 4 minutes and 8 seconds , which is relatively short by Can 's standards . A video was made for the track which has been shown on MTV . On Can vocalist Damo Suzuki 's 1998 solo album V.E.R.N.I.S.S.A.G.E , a new version of this song is performed along with `` Halleluhwah '' , another song originally from Tago Mago . His band at the time featured Can 's Jaki Liebezeit on drums . The Serbian and former Yugoslav space rock band Igra Staklenih Perli covered the song on their eponymous debut album in 1979 . The song was covered by the band The Jesus and Mary Chain and is featured on the CD version of Barbed Wire Kisses . The Flaming Lips ' song `` Take Meta Mars '' from In a Priest Driven Ambulance is closely modeled on `` Mushroom '' . Category :1971 songs Category : Psychedelic songs Category : Can ( band ) songs", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3b8e2eea1ba382f66fd7e108302237f", "text": "Volta Tour The Volta Tour was a tour by the singer Björk that focused on her album , Volta . Overall , 48 songs were done on the tour focusing on many tracks from Debut through to Vespertine , though mostly from Medúlla and Volta , the former of which did not receive its own tour . The tour band consisted of drummer Chris Corsano , musician Mark Bell ( who also accompanied Björk on the Homogenic tour ) , pianist Jónas Sen ( who played celeste on the tracks Gratitude and Cetacea on the Drawing Restraint 9 soundtrack ) , musician Damian Taylor and a 10 piece female Icelandic brass section . Many of the songs evolved considerably during the tour , including `` Innocence '' which was re-done so as to incorporate brass elements . Live performances of the track `` Declare Independence '' made heavy use of the ReacTable , an electro-acoustic music instrument with a tabletop Tangible User Interface , which is played by Damian Taylor . The Tenori-on was used heavily in performances of `` Who Is It '' . A live DVD and CD of the Volta tour was released as part of Voltaïc . The tour was Björk 's first in four years and saw her play countries that she had not played in over ten years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d1e4971b942139bb3609b540e4acba3", "text": "Frances the Mute Frances the Mute is the second studio album by American progressive rock band The Mars Volta released in February 2005 on Gold Standard Laboratories and Universal . Produced by guitarist and songwriter Omar Rodriguez-Lopez , the album incorporates dub , ambient , Latin and jazz influences , and is the first to feature bassist Juan Alderete and percussionist Marcel Rodriguez-Lopez . The album also includes contributions from future saxophonist Adrián Terrazas-González , who joined the band during its subsequent tour . Frances the Mute sold 123,000 copies in its opening week and has sold 465,000 copies as of September 2006 . The album made multiple `` Best of '' lists at the end of 2005 . In the Q & Mojo Classic Special Edition Pink Floyd & The Story of Prog Rock , the album came # 18 in its list of `` 40 Cosmic Rock Albums '' and the album was named as one of Classic Rock 's 10 essential progressive rock albums of the decade .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d18af004a53728ddd61e9460a6d709f", "text": "Robert Mars Robert Mars ( born 19 December 1969 ) is a contemporary American artist known for his Futurelic Popforms celebrating icons of the Golden Era of the 1950s and 1960s .", "title": "" } ]
fever
1abb9415d593de57551ceee219050095
Stockard Channing acted in The Fortune (1975).
[ { "docid": "2d4aa4d429a0db9b894c1a8443e71dac", "text": "Stockard Channing Stockard Channing ( born Susan Antonia Williams Stockard ; February 13 , 1944 ) is an American stage , film and television actress . She is known for playing Betty Rizzo in the film Grease ( 1978 ) and First Lady Abbey Bartlet on the NBC television series The West Wing ( 1999 -- 2006 ) . She is also known for originating the role of Ouisa Kittredge in the stage and film versions of Six Degrees of Separation , for which she was nominated for a Tony Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . A 13-time Primetime Emmy Award nominee and seven-time Tony Award nominee , she won the 1985 Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the Broadway revival of A Day in the Death of Joe Egg , and won Emmy Awards for The West Wing and The Matthew Shepard Story , both in 2002 . She won a Daytime Emmy Award in 2004 for her role in Jack . Her film appearances include The Fortune ( 1975 ) , The Big Bus ( 1976 ) , The Cheap Detective ( 1978 ) , Heartburn ( 1986 ) , Up Close & Personal ( 1996 ) , Practical Magic ( 1998 ) , and Woody Allen 's Anything Else ( 2003 ) . She also played the recurring role of Veronica Loy on the CBS drama The Good Wife ( 2012 -- 16 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24dbe2c9a0b9b144f6c2e0856be138bf", "text": "The Fortune The Fortune is a 1975 American comedy film starring Jack Nicholson and Warren Beatty , and directed by Mike Nichols . The screenplay by Adrien Joyce focuses on two bumbling con men who plot to steal the fortune of a wealthy young heiress , played by Stockard Channing in her first film starring role .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "32a207776d3037ca7ba9c8a9435f20b7", "text": "Whiffs Whiffs is a 1975 comedy film directed by Ted Post , produced by Brut Productions and released theatrically in the U.S. by 20th Century Fox . It stars Elliott Gould as a gullible military private who volunteers to be the subject of numerous military biological and chemical weaponry experiments , and later robs banks as a result .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec158ee82d5f1ae7f9d6cb8bd114f75e", "text": "Vanna White Vanna White ( born February 18 , 1957 ) is an American television personality and film actress best known as the hostess of Wheel of Fortune since 1982 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00e5b0301f8e26934ce4cddbbb41deff", "text": "Irish Luck (1925 film) Irish Luck is a 1925 silent film comedy-drama produced by Famous Players-Lasky and distributed by Paramount Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d255d0cc18bf3aa8b97680786654140", "text": "Three for the Money Three for the Money is an American game show produced by Stefan Hatos-Monty Hall Productions that aired on NBC from September 29 to November 28 , 1975 . Dick Enberg was the host with Jack Clark announcing . Enberg was also hosting Sports Challenge at the time and had just joined NBC 's sports division . Three for the Money was picked up to replace Jackpot after it was cancelled after nineteen months and was placed at 12:30 pm Eastern following The Magnificent Marble Machine . The show only aired for nine weeks and was replaced by its lead-in , following an expansion of Wheel of Fortune to sixty minutes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e21fdb1b4967e4a501c8de92ddb92782", "text": "Shadows Over Chinatown Shadows Over Chinatown ( 1946 ) is the second to last film featuring Sidney Toler as Charlie Chan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2593111c41551d76c9eef7c36eea7e0e", "text": "Fortune Gordien Fortune Everett Gordien ( September 9 , 1922 -- April 10 , 1990 ) was an American discus thrower and shot putter who set four world records in the discus throw . He competed in this event at the 1948 , 1952 and 1956 Olympics and placed third , fourth and second , respectively . At the 1955 Pan American Games he won a gold medal in the discus and a silver in the shot put . Domestically Gordien won six AAU and three NCAA titles . According to the Guinness Book of Track and Field : Facts and Feats , the smallest crowd ever to see a world record may have been 48 , the number attending a Pasadena , California all-comers track meet in 1953 when Gordien set his last world record that stood for six years . In the 1950s Gordien had a few minor roles in films and TV series , including The Cisco Kid ( 1950 ) , Not for Hire ( 1959 ) and North to Alaska ( 1960 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df1a5ddba75b9730392218893830017f", "text": "Orange Sky Golden Harvest Orange Sky Golden Harvest ( OSGH ) , previously known as Golden Harvest from 1970 to 2009 , is a film production , distribution , and exhibition company based in Hong Kong . It dominated Hong Kong box office sales from the 1970s to 1980s and played a major role in introducing Hong Kong films to the Western market , especially those by Bruce Lee ( Concord Production Inc. ) , Jackie Chan , and Sammo Hung .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea3590a519cd8fb9a05bec297d1c4dde", "text": "Miracle on 34th Street (1973 film) Miracle on 34th Street is a 1973 American made-for-television Christmas fantasy drama film directed by Fielder Cook . It is the third remake of the original 1947 film . Like the original , this film was produced by 20th Century Fox . Additionally , the New York City-based Macy 's department store allowed their name to be used in this film , unlike later versions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9906a129d4c931dc7260eff32cdf996", "text": "Sears Radio Theater Sears Radio Theater was a radio drama anthology series which ran weeknights on CBS Radio in 1979 , sponsored by the Sears chain . Often paired with The CBS Radio Mystery Theater during its first season , the program offered a different genre of drama for each day 's broadcast . In January 1980 , the program moved to the Mutual Broadcasting System and became the Mutual Radio Theater . The Mutual series broadcast repeats from the CBS run until September 1980 , when a short season of new dramas was presented . Sears continued as a sponsor during the Mutual run . Monday was `` Western Night '' and was hosted by Lorne Greene . Tuesday was `` Comedy Night '' , hosted by Andy Griffith . Wednesday was `` Mystery Night '' with Vincent Price as host . Thursday was `` Love and Hate Night '' with Cicely Tyson doing honors as host . Finally , Friday brought `` Adventure Night '' , first hosted by Richard Widmark and later by Howard Duff and then by Leonard Nimoy . Actors heard on the series included Jim Jordan , Henry Morgan , Daws Butler , June Foray , Parley Baer , Mary Jane Croft , Howard Culver , John Dehner , Virginia Gregg , Janet Waldo , Vic Perrin , Hans Conried , Marvin Miller , Elliott Lewis , Jeff Corey , Lesley Woods , Robert Rockwell , Lurene Tuttle , Eve Arden , Keith Andes , Harriet Nelson , Alan Young , Tom Bosley , Marion Ross , Lloyd Bochner , Rick Jason , Frank Campanella , Toni Tennille , Arthur Hill , Dan O'Herlihy , Jesse White and Frank Nelson . Actress Peggy Webber was heard on 52 episodes . It was produced and directed by Fletcher Markle and Elliott Lewis . The theme was composed and conducted by Nelson Riddle . Though less long-lived than NPR 's Earplay or the CBS Radio Mystery Theater , it was an ambitious attempt to reinvigorate a neglected field . Like Earplay , it was broadcast in stereo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2279e5635b7ce029b594000dcaf1bef4", "text": "Jonathan Goodson Jonathan Michael Goodson ( born August 20 , 1945 ) is an American television producer who specializes in game shows . He is the son of legendary game show producer Mark Goodson and began his television career in 1973 as chief counsel of Goodson-Todman Productions . He later produced several of the company 's shows . After his father 's death in December 1992 , Jonathan took over the company in March 1993 ( in the early 1980s the Goodsons had acquired the Todman heirs ' portion of the company ) and ran it until it was sold to All American Television in 1995 . Goodson also runs his own production company , Jonathan Goodson Productions , whose output has consisted mostly of state-based lottery game shows , including Illinois Instant Riches , one of only two state-based lottery game show to be shown to a nationwide audience , thanks to Superstation WGN . ( The other was its predecessor , $ 100,000 Fortune Hunt , but that was not a production by Goodson . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9790bda9766a60767ead679d7d0644b0", "text": "Ranson's Folly (1915 film) Ransom 's Folly is a lost 1915 silent feature western produced by Thomas A. Edison , Inc. . Based on the Richard Harding Davis novel and Broadway play , this film is the second version of the story . An earlier short had been made in 1910 . A later film appeared in 1926 Ranson 's Folly .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb27cf7e03d00c55d2067d2f25a51a81", "text": "Charlie Chan at Treasure Island Charlie Chan at Treasure Island is a 1939 American film directed by Norman Foster , starring Sidney Toler as the fictional Chinese-American detective Charlie Chan , that takes place on Treasure Island during San Francisco 's Golden Gate International Exposition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2362ce6a57a41816e760f01c88986bb0", "text": "The Sins of the Children The Sins of the Children a.k.a. Father 's Day , a.k.a. . The Richest Man in the World , is a 1930 American Pre-Code MGM drama film , produced and directed by Sam Wood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492a1844802bd17920041bf855893e6b", "text": "Miss Pacific Fleet Miss Pacific Fleet is a 1935 American comedy film directed by Ray Enright . The film stars Joan Blondell , Glenda Farrell , and Hugh Herbert . The film was based on the short story of the same name by Frederick Hazlitt Brennan in the Collier 's magazine . It was released by Warner Bros. on December 14 , 1935 . Two stranded showgirls in California enter a beauty contest `` Miss Pacific Fleet '' to win the fare back home to New York City . This is one of a series of five movies by Warner Bros. through the early 1930s , where Blondell and Farrell were paired as blonde bombshell comedy duo . The other films in the series are Havana Widows ( 1933 ) , Kansas City Princess ( 1934 ) , Traveling Saleslady ( 1935 ) and We 're in the Money ( 1935 ) . Four of the five movies were directed by Ray Enright . They also co-starred in other Warner Bros. films in Three on a Match ( 1932 ) , I 've Got Your Number ( 1934 ) and Gold Diggers of 1937 ( 1936 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7c768c8e79e427a5bcf587e656f746e", "text": "Fortunes of War (novel series) Fortunes of War is the collective name given to six novels by Olivia Manning , consisting of The Balkan Trilogy and The Levant Trilogy . The Balkan Trilogy comprises the books The Great Fortune ( 1960 ) , The Spoilt City ( 1962 ) and Friends And Heroes ( 1965 ) . The Levant Trilogy comprises the books The Danger Tree ( 1977 ) , The Battle Lost And Won ( 1978 ) and The Sum Of Things ( 1980 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "076b37b3f62cb6f284b92ca392de7470", "text": "The Fortune Teller (de La Tour) The Fortune Teller is an oil painting of circa 1630 by the French artist Georges de La Tour . The work was uncovered in about 1960 and purchased that year by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . François Georges Pariset described the painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin , attributing it to La Tour -- a likely choice given the calligraphic signature at top right : `` G. de La Tour Fecit Luneuilla Lothar '' ( `` G -LSB- eorges -RSB- de La Tour made this , Lunéville , Lorraine '' ) . Its authenticity has been questioned in the intervening years , notably by the English art historian Christopher Wright , but The Fortune Teller is generally accepted as La Tour 's work . The artist is better known for his chiaroscuro religious compositions , in which the figures are illuminated by a single light source and lack the elaborate costume detail of the The Fortune Teller 's characters . The painting catches a moment in which a young man of some wealth is having his fortune told by the old woman at right ; she takes the coin from his hand , not only in payment , but as part of the ritual in which she will cross his hand with it . Most or all of the women portrayed are gypsies , and , furthering the stereotype of the time , they are depicted as thieves . As the young man is engrossed in the fortune-telling -- an act which , if discovered , would have repercussions for both him and the gypsies -- the leftmost woman is stealing the coin purse from his pocket , while her companion in profile has a hand ready to receive the loot . The pale-faced girl on the boy 's left is less clearly a gypsy , but is also in on the act as she cuts a medal worn by the boy from its chain . The figures in the painting are close together , as if in a play , and the composition may have been influenced by a theatrical scene . The modern discovery of the painting is said to be traced to a French prisoner of war who viewed La Tour 's works in a monograph and found a likeness with a painting hung in a relative 's castle . A knowledgeable priest identified it as a La Tour work and informed the Louvre , which entered negotiations to buy the painting . The art dealer Georges Wildenstein outbid the museum , however , purchasing the painting in 1949 for 7.5 million francs . For a decade it remained with the dealer , until in 1960 the Metropolitan Museum of Art paid an undisclosed but `` very high sum of money '' for The Fortune Teller . How the painting had been able to leave France became a matter of controversy in the French press , and the writer André Malraux , then French Minister of Culture , attempted to explain to the National Assembly why the work did not end up in the Louvre . It later emerged that the export licence was signed by the art historian Germain Bazin , who was head of old master paintings at the Louvre ; Wright speculates that he had sufficient doubt about the work not to want it for the Louvre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "180c5984c1c97251d8d143aa1d0cf7c7", "text": "Pocketful of Miracles Pocketful of Miracles is a 1961 American comedy film starring Bette Davis and Glenn Ford , and directed by Frank Capra . The screenplay by Hal Kanter and Harry Tugend is based on the screenplay Lady for a Day by Robert Riskin , which was adapted from the Damon Runyon short story `` Madame La Gimp '' . The film proved to be the final project for both Capra and veteran actor Thomas Mitchell but also featured the film debut of Ann-Margret . Supporting player Peter Falk was nominated for an Academy Award but George Chakiris won that year for West Side Story . Capra said that Falk 's performance was a bright spot in this `` miserable film . '' The 1989 film Miracles starring Jackie Chan and Anita Mui , and the 2008 film Singh Is Kinng starring Akshay Kumar and Katrina Kaif are based on Pocketful of Miracles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48eeef2d48e00419260f11f44a021265", "text": "Chinese Roulette Chinese Roulette ( Chinesisches Roulette ) is a 1976 West German film written and directed by Rainer Werner Fassbinder . It stars Margit Carstensen , Ulli Lommel and Anna Karina . The film , a bleak psychological drama , climaxes with a truth-guessing game , which gives the film its title . The plot follows a bourgeois married couple whose infidelities are exposed by their disabled child .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ce3ebaf34e48b1484ea479a4b4feda1", "text": "Hard Times (1975 film) Hard Times is a 1975 film marking the directorial debut of Walter Hill . It stars Charles Bronson as Chaney , a drifter freighthopping through Louisiana during the Great Depression , who competes in illegal bare-knuckled boxing matches after forming a partnership with the garrulous hustler Speed , played by James Coburn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31adea1cc880325b74576a0fb06f2506", "text": "Flamingo Fortune ( `` Million Dollar '' ) Flamingo Fortune is an American game show for the Florida Lottery that aired from 1995 -- 1999 . It was originally produced by Mark Goodson Productions , at the time also producing game shows for state lotteries alongside his regular game shows . After the first five shows , production was transferred to Jonathan Goodson Productions ( long discussed as the first solo production for JGP ) , after All American Television ( which acquired Mark Goodson 's company a few weeks earlier ) spun out their lottery game shows to Mark Goodson 's son , Jonathan Goodson . Production would later transfer to Columbia TriStar Television and Game Show Network from 1997 to 1999 . The program was taped at Universal Studios Florida near Orlando , Florida . The show 's original announcer was Rich Fields . Rich was the announcer on Flamingo Fortune for three seasons and filled in as host on at least one occasion . The original hosts were JD Roberto and Heather Alexander , who were replaced after the first season by the team of Michael Young and Lisa Stahl-Sullivan . The `` Flamingo Fortune '' name was later used for a series of scratch-off games introduced by the lottery in 2013 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5bfe1bd38a35c8dbfb12c17973b6b964
Stevie Ray Vaughan stayed in Boston his whole life.
[ { "docid": "8c03b49cd0668481a18d3854264ba74f", "text": "Stevie Ray Vaughan Stephen Ray Vaughan ( October 3 , 1954 -- August 27 , 1990 ) was an American musician , singer , songwriter , and record producer . In spite of a short-lived mainstream career spanning seven years , he is widely considered one of the most influential guitarists in the history of music , and one of the most important figures in the revival of blues in the 1980s . AllMusic describes him as `` a rocking powerhouse of a guitarist who gave blues a burst of momentum in the '80s , with influence still felt long after his tragic death . '' Born and raised in Dallas , Texas , Vaughan began playing guitar at the age of seven , inspired by his older brother Jimmie . In 1971 he dropped out of high school , and moved to Austin the following year . He played gigs with numerous bands , earning a spot in Marc Benno 's band , the Nightcrawlers , and later with Denny Freeman in the Cobras , with whom he continued to work through late 1977 . He then formed his own group , Triple Threat Revue , before renaming the band Double Trouble after hiring drummer Chris Layton and bassist Tommy Shannon . He gained fame after his performance at the Montreux Jazz Festival in 1982 , and in 1983 his debut studio album , Texas Flood , charted at number 38 . The ten-song album was a commercially successful release that sold over half a million copies . After achieving sobriety in late 1986 , he headlined concert tours with Jeff Beck in 1989 and Joe Cocker in 1990 before his death in a helicopter crash on August 27 , 1990 , at the age of 35 . Vaughan was inspired musically by American and British blues rock . He favored clean amplifiers with high volume and contributed to the popularity of vintage musical equipment . He often combined several different amplifiers together and used minimal effects pedals . Chris Gill of Guitar World commented : `` Stevie Ray Vaughan 's guitar tone was as dry as a San Antonio summer and as sparkling clean as a Dallas debutante , the product of the natural sound of amps with ample clean headroom . However , Vaughan occasionally used pedals to augment his sound , mainly to boost the signal , although he occasionally employed a rotating speaker cabinet and wah pedals for added textural flair . '' Vaughan received several music awards during his lifetime and posthumously . In 1983 , readers of Guitar Player voted him Best New Talent and Best Electric Blues Guitar Player . In 1984 , the Blues Foundation named him Entertainer of the Year and Blues Instrumentalist of the Year , and in 1987 , Performance Magazine honored him with Rhythm and Blues Act of the Year . Earning six Grammy Awards and ten Austin Music Awards , he was inducted into the Blues Hall of Fame in 2000 , and the Musicians Hall of Fame in 2014 . Rolling Stone ranked Vaughan as the twelfth greatest guitarist of all time . In 2015 , he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9c6ac5f4789c039a00666d5f0fa1fbfb", "text": "North Station North Station is a major transportation hub located at Causeway and Nashua Streets in Boston , Massachusetts , United States . It is one of the city 's two inbound terminals for Amtrak and MBTA Commuter Rail trains , the other being South Station . The main concourse of North Station is located at the street level immediately below TD Garden , a major sports venue in Boston that is home to the Boston Bruins hockey team and the Boston Celtics basketball team . The arena is also used for rock concerts and other events , taking advantage of the extensive transportation connections at the site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4", "text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "124f41b6cff3bee6a0dd90281cf8c739", "text": "Newton Upper Falls Newton Upper Falls is a village situated on the east bank of the Charles River in the city of Newton , Massachusetts , in the United States . The area borders Needham , Massachusetts to the south/southwest , Wellesley , Massachusetts to the west , the West Roxbury neighborhood of Boston to the extreme southeast , and the Newton villages of Waban , Newton Highlands and Newton Center to the north and east . The village is served partially by Eliot `` T '' station , part of the Green Line `` D '' Branch of the MBTA , with rapid light rail service inbound into downtown Boston and outbound to Riverside . Major roads that serve the village are Route 128 , and Route 9 ( Boylston Street ) , which provides a direct , 6 mile commute into downtown Boston . Newton 's first mill on the Charles River was built in 1688 in Upper Falls . Over the next 150 years , the water power available at Upper Falls led to the village 's steady growth as many more mills were built along that stretch of the river . By 1850 the village had 1300 inhabitants which was 25 % of the entire population of Newton . Newton Upper Falls is home to the Hemlock Gorge and Echo Bridge , a large aqueduct turned pedestrian walkway over the Charles River . It is said to be the only village that has retained its original name from when the area was founded in the 17th century . It has over 150 homes on the historic register despite its small area . In 1909 , a Roman Catholic church called Mary Immaculate of Lourdes opened in Upper Falls . Sullivan Avenue , an unpaved private road in Newton Upper Falls is the last remaining portion of the ancient highway connecting Boston and Cambridge with Newton and points west in the 17th century ( back then it was called Cambridge Village ) . Also on Sullivan Avenue is a famous pothole ; not the kind you avoid with your car , but a geological anomaly where a boulder that was originally pushed down the cliff by a now extinct waterfall got caught and became round . The boulder spun around in its place carving a shaft over thousands of years . Since then half the shaft collapsed and now all that can be seen is half of a cylindrical shaft through the cliff at the corner of Sullivan and Elliot Streets . A 60 acre area , including much of the area between Route 9 and Elliot Street , and east from the Charles River to Cottage Street and Hickory Cliff Road , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5ecd5bd435bfa9208e9a483d07f4520", "text": "VH1 Storytellers: Johnny Cash & Willie Nelson VH1 Storytellers is the 83rd overall album and is a live album by Johnny Cash and Willie Nelson , released in 1998 ( see 1998 in music ) on American Recordings . The album was produced by Rick Rubin and was the third record released as part of Cash 's ten-year period of collaboration with Rubin . It is not , however , counted as part of the American Recordings series , which is reserved for Cash 's studio work with Rubin . Cash and Nelson take turns on songs associated with each respective artist , usually with the other performing harmony or occasionally verses . The opening track is a duet with Cash and Nelson , and some tracks feature guitar solos by Nelson . Between tracks , Cash and Nelson joke with each other and discuss the songs and their origins . This was the final album of new performances released by Cash prior to the onset of health problems that forced him to curtail live concerts also led to changes in the timbre of his voice that were noticeable from American III : Solitary Man ( his next album release of new recordings issued in 2000 ) onwards . It was also Cash 's final purpose-recorded live album to be released during his lifetime , though an archival recording , Johnny Cash at Madison Square Garden , recorded in 1969 , would be issued a year before his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0b1a495c24df00a0f2ba3458dc8dbf5", "text": "The Miami Horns The Miami Horns are an American horn section best known for touring and recording with Southside Johnny , Bruce Springsteen , Little Steven and The Max Weinberg 7 . They have also toured , performed or recorded with , among others , Diana Ross , Gary U.S. Bonds , Robert Cray , Bon Jovi , Cissy Houston , Joe Cocker , Dave Edmunds , Darlene Love , The Allman Brothers Band , Eric Clapton , Sheryl Crow and Ricky Martin . As individuals , the various members have also worked with the likes of Aerosmith , David Bowie , Duran Duran , Power Station , Graham Parker and They Might Be Giants . The Miami Horns were first put together in 1976 by Steve Van Zandt as part of Southside Johnny & The Asbury Jukes . The connection with the city of Miami is only tenuous . Van Zandt had acquired the nickname Miami , due to his dislike of winter , and consequently the horn section also became known by that name . On occasions they have also been billed as The Jukes ' Horns , La Bamba 's Mambomen , The U.S. Horns , The J.A.M. Horns , The Tunnel Of Love Horns , The Horns of Love and The Late Night Horns . The line-up is very much impromptu and seems to depend on who is available at the time . As a consequence it has varied in size from a duo to a big band . Not unlike The Drifters , many performers have come and gone , and even returned . However Richie `` La Bamba '' Rosenberg ( trombone ) , Mark Pender ( trumpet ) and Eddie Manion ( saxophone ) have been the most consistent members . Other notable players have included Stan Harrison , Chris Anderson , Joey Stann and Mario Cruz . In 1991 Rosenberg , Pender , Manion and Harrison recorded an eponymous album as La Bamba & The Hubcaps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68c4dee56f5c59f18cd7c607c347788c", "text": "Boston Braves (AHL) The Boston Braves were a professional ice hockey team in Boston , Massachusetts . They were a member of the American Hockey League from 1971 to 1974 . The early 1970s saw an unprecedented boom in the popularity of hockey in the greater Boston area , fuelled by the success of the Bobby Orr and Phil Esposito-led Boston Bruins . The Bruins had sold out all of their home games at the Boston Garden for years , and the team owners thought that placing their minor-league affiliate in the same arena , made sense on several levels . Previously , the Bruins ' top affiliates were the Hershey Bears of the AHL and the Oklahoma City Blazers of the Central Hockey League . The team was named after the eponymous National League baseball team that had played in Boston until 1953 -- which had been owned by Charles F. Adams , founder of the Bruins , during the 1930s . The first season of the AHL Braves , under coach Bep Guidolin , was wildly successful . Behind a powerful club led by future NHLstars Dan Bouchard and Rich Leduc , and with other veteran minor-leaguers and future NHL players such as Doug Roberts , Ross Brooks , Nick Beverley , Garry Peters and Don Tannahill , the club tied for first place in its division with the powerful Nova Scotia Voyageurs with a 41-21-14 mark , while proving popular enough in Boston to set league records for single-game and single-season attendance that survived for decades . In its second season , however , competition from the WHA 's New England Whalers served to saturate the market . Furthermore , NHL expansion cost the team its best player , Bouchard , who had been picked by the Atlanta Flames , while WHA defections caused the recall of Brooks to the parent club and the departure of Roberts and Peters to the rival league . While scoring declined only slightly , the defense was notably poorer . The team still finished second in the division with a 34-29-13 mark , but attendance had nearly halved . In the Braves ' third and final season , the defense collapsed to the point where the team finished out of the playoffs after a 23-40-13 record . With attendance dwindling further and the ebbing of the hockey boom itself in New England , Bruins ' management decided to suspend the team ; the next season saw the Bruins affiliating with the Rochester Americans . The Bruins maintained the franchise 's existence for many years , paying a nominal fee to the league to keep it dormant , finally selling its rights to the Winnipeg Jets in 1987 so that the Jets could move it to the Maritimes to become the Moncton Hawks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21308a7f10c2528a7eafda7e1be69c4b", "text": "Brad Terry Brad Terry ( born 1937 ) is a jazz Clarinet-player and accomplished whistler . He has played with the likes of Dizzy Gillespie , Doc Cheatham , Buck Clayton , Red Mitchell , Buddy Tate , Elliot Zigman , Eddie Thompson , John Basile , Steve Grover and Lenny Breau . Brad has led Jazz workshops and clinics in many countries including the US and Poland . In recent years he has been active in touring and recording as a duo with Polish pianist Joachim Mencel . They can be heard together on the recordings `` All About Spring '' and `` Live at Fort Andross '' . The most recognized album featuring Brad Terry is The Living Room Tapes featuring his earlier work with legendary guitarist Lenny Breau . An interesting note is that Brad Terry is an accomplished and virtuoso whistler . An example of this unique talent is featured on `` Blues for Carole '' from these sessions . The duo can also be seen together on the DVD Live At The Maine Festival from Art of Life Records . He now lives in Bath , Maine and is active around that region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33446453d2fd7123c8c3c57f17e6e553", "text": "Ray Bauduc Ray Bauduc ( June 18 , 1906 -- January 8 , 1988 ) was a jazz drummer best known for his work with the Bob Crosby Orchestra and their band-within-a-band , the Bobcats , between 1935 and 1942 . Bauduc was born in New Orleans , Louisiana . He was the son of the cornetist Jules Bauduc and his elder brother Jules was also a professional musician , a banjoist-bandleader . Ray Bauduc 's youthful work in New Orleans included stints in the band of Johnny Bayersdorffer and early radio broadcasts . His New Orleans origins instilled in him a love for two-beat drumming , which he retained even when he played with Bob Crosby 's swing era big band . In 1926 he moved to New York City to join Joe Venuti 's band . His other work in the 1920s include recording sessions with the Original Memphis Five and a stint in the Scranton Sirens which also included Tommy Dorsey and Jimmy Dorsey . His stint with the Bob Crosby Orchestra brought him national fame . He co-composed , together with bassist Bob Haggart , the two big hits that the Bob Crosby orchestra achieved : `` South Rampart Street Parade '' ( a New Orleans parade-type number first recorded in November 1937 ) , and `` Big Noise from Winnetka '' ( a bass and drums duet with Haggart , recorded in 1938 ) . His style , making use of woodblocks , cowbells , the China cymbal and tom-toms , marked him out from most drummers of the swing era , and made him one of the few white drummers ( the others being George Wettling , Dave Tough and Gene Krupa , but they were not so obvious ) to be directly influenced by Warren `` Baby '' Dodds . Ray Bauduc was a trend setter in traditional jazz circles . His precise , disciplined , yet fiery patterns and syncopated fills helped New Orleans drummers make the transition into swing from the rigid , clipped progressions that had defined the previous era . The son of the great cornetist Jules Bauduc , his brother Jules Jr. taught Bauduc drums . His sister was also a musician , a pianist . Bauduc 's first professional job came with a band that accompanied films . Bauduc served in the U.S. Army Artillery Band until November 1944 . Upon his discharge he and former Crosby group leader Gil Rodin formed a short-lived big band . Bauduc toured with a septet in 1946 and also worked in Tommy Dorsey 's orchestra from August to October of the year . In early 1947 he joined Bob Crosby 's new group , leaving in 1948 to play with Jimmy Dorsey , where he stayed for the next two years . He freelanced on the West Coast for a couple of years before joining Jack Teagarden in 1952 . In 1955 he formed a band with fellow Crosby alumnus Nappy Lamare . The new outfit found considerable success , touring nationally and recording several albums . He retired to Bellaire , Texas , in the early 1960s . From 1960 , Bauduc lived in Bellaire , Texas in semi-retirement , but visited New Orleans in 1983 where he was greeted effusively . He also appeared occasionally at Crosby Orchestra reunions and worked with Pud Brown on several recordings His best known student from his teaching days in Bellaire , Texas is Charlie Harrington . After the break-up of the Crosby band , Bauduc organized his own small groups ( often in a swing or even bebop style ) , rejoined Bob Crosby for occasional reunions , worked with Jimmy Dorsey ( 1948 ) and Jack Teagarden ( 1952 -- 55 ) , before joining fellow ex-Bobcat Nappy Lamare in a highly successful dixieland band that lasted until 1960 , after which Bauduc went into semi-retirement in Bellaire , Texas . He died in Houston , Texas on January 8 , 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e900d3f2881e38588a800ea32a9ef697", "text": "Tommy Shannon Tommy Shannon ( born Thomas Lafitte Smedley ; April 18 , 1946 ) is an American bass guitarist , who is best known as a member of Double Trouble , a blues rock band led by Stevie Ray Vaughan . Born in Tucson , Arizona , Shannon moved to Dumas , Texas when he was nine , where he originally started as a guitarist , though he started playing bass at the age of 21 . He appeared with Johnny Winter at Woodstock in 1969 . He later joined Double Trouble in 1981 and became a permanent member of Double Trouble until Vaughan 's death in 1990 . Shannon and bandmate Chris Layton later formed supergroups such as the Arc Angels and Storyville .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4ed3a7866539db05d43a63dab0060c1", "text": "Jordan Hall Jordan Hall is a 1,019-seat concert hall in Boston , Massachusetts , the principal performance space of the New England Conservatory . It is one block from Boston 's Symphony Hall , and together they are considered two of America 's most acoustically perfect performance spaces . It is the only conservatory building in the United States to be designated a National Historic Landmark . The hall opened in 1903 , as a gift of Eben D. Jordan II , a Conservatory trustee and a Jordan of the Jordan Marsh retail store . Its architect was Edmund M. Wheelwright of Boston 's Wheelwright & Haven , who later designed nearby Horticultural Hall . The hall 's unusual square floor plan reflects its underlying plot of land but despite its shape , the hall has excellent acoustics , and all seats on both the main floor and horseshoe-shaped balcony have unobstructed views of the stage . The hall 's prominent organ is modeled upon one found in a church within the former hospital complex of Santa Maria della Scala in Siena , now a museum . The dedication concert of Jordan Hall , performed by the Boston Symphony Orchestra , took place on October 20 , 1903 , and created quite a stir . Effusive newspaper accounts deemed the hall `` unequaled the world over , '' and the Boston Globe reported that it was `` a place of entertainment that European musicians who were present that evening say excels in beauty anything of the kind they ever saw . '' Even a decade later , it describes itself as an `` imposing Conservatory Building '' . Jordan Hall has won numerous awards since its restoration in 1995 , including the 1996 Massachusetts Historical Commission Preservation Award , the Victorian Society in America 's Preservation Commendation , the 1996 Boston Preservation Alliance Award , the Illuminating Engineering Society of North America Award of Merit , and the Illuminating Engineering Society 1996 Lumen Award . The Conservatory 's main building , which includes Jordan Hall , was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1994 ; in both cases the name used is New England Conservatory of Music . Innumerable performances have taken place in Jordan Hall , including some 650 student performances a year as well as appearances by virtually every important classical musician of the past century . That list includes performers Nadia Boulanger , Pablo Casals , the Martha Graham Dance Company , James Galway , pianists Cyril Scott , Ferruccio Busoni , Angela Hewitt , Radu Lupu , Rudolf Serkin , Richard Goode , Krystian Zimerman , Garrick Ohlsson , Yundi Li , clarinetist Richard Stoltzman and violinist Isaac Stern ; vocalists Marian Anderson , Peter Pears , Dawn Upshaw , Ben Heppner , David Daniels , and Lorraine Hunt Lieberson ; guitarists Andrés Segovia , Christopher Parkening , Julian Bream , and Sérgio and Odair Assad ; conductors Arthur Fiedler and Kurt Masur ; composers Béla Bartók , Benjamin Britten , John Cage , Olivier Messiaen , and Aaron Copland ; jazz legends Stan Getz and Benny Goodman ; The Yale Whiffenpoofs ; and the Budapest , Juilliard , Guarneri and Tokyo string quartets . Jordan Hall is home to From the Top , a National Public Radio classical music show hosted by New England Conservatory alumnus Christopher O'Riley . In addition , the Boston Modern Orchestra Project , New England String Ensemble , Festival Youth Orchestra , the Boston Civic Symphony , and the Boston Philharmonic play many of their concerts at Jordan Hall . In 1973 , The New England Ragtime Ensemble , then a student group called The New England Conservatory Ragtime Ensemble , recorded their Grammy Award-winning album `` The Red Back Book '' on the Jordan Hall stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "421c6c834f4ff2c6043bc1aee050b804", "text": "Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin Sarah Vaughan and Billy Eckstine Sing the Best of Irving Berlin is a 1957 studio album featuring Billy Eckstine and Sarah Vaughan , and the songs of Irving Berlin . Although Vaughan had made many recordings with Eckstine , this was their only complete album together .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a00c2a1e5f0f5406ffc4022aff3c45e3", "text": "Boylston Street Boylston Street is the name of a major east-west thoroughfare in the city of Boston , Massachusetts . The Boston street was known as Frog Lane in the early 18th century and was later known as Common Street . It was later again renamed for Ward Nicholas Boylston ( 1747 -- 1828 ) , a man of wealth and refinement , an officer of the Crown , and philanthropist . Boylston , who was a descendent of Zabdiel Boylston , was born in Boston and spent much of his life in it . The Boylston Market was named after him as was the town of Boylston , Massachusetts . Another Boylston Street runs through Boston 's western suburbs , Newton and Brookline .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bef6030095188a26185f96d476fc652c", "text": "Jimmie Vaughan Jimmie Lawrence Vaughan ( born March 20 , 1951 , Dallas County , Texas , United States ) is an American blues rock guitarist and singer based in Austin , Texas . He is the older brother of the late Texas blues guitar legend Stevie Ray Vaughan . Several notable blues guitarists have had a significant influence on Vaughan 's playing style including the `` Three Kings '' ( Albert , Freddie , and B.B. King ) and Johnny `` Guitar '' Watson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1bb90c6f57bac01abe666000cfa7c87", "text": "Live at the Talk of the Town (Stevie Wonder album) Live at the Talk of the Town is a 1970 live album by Stevie Wonder on the Tamla ( Motown ) label , recorded at the Talk of the Town nightclub in London . The third live collection by the singer-songwriter , this is the follow-up to his preceding live release Stevie Wonder Live . It was originally only released in the UK , then finally released in the US in 2005 via iTunes as part of The Complete Stevie Wonder collection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26d1a03c6e511ec19e7f5e8cf51eb8a1", "text": "Rosetta Stone (1970s band) Rosetta Stone were a Northern Irish pop rock band from Downpatrick Northern Ireland , which included the ex-guitarist of the Bay City Rollers , Ian Mitchell . The group released two albums and one EP before dissolving in 1984 . The genesis of Rosetta Stone came in 1973 , as childhood friends Mitchell , Terry McKee , Damian McKee , and Colin McKee ( not the footballer Colin McKee ) formed a band called Young City Stars . They played local clubs and dance halls , often opening concerts for the Bay City Rollers with their sound engineer Brian Herron . In early 1976 , Mitchell left the Young City Stars to join the Bay City Rollers . He was replaced by Belfast-born guitarist Andy LeGear . Mitchell would return later that year as the group , now managed by Rollers manager Tam Paton , changed their name to Rosetta Stone . In 1977 , Rosetta Stone signed with Private Stock Records . They appeared on Marc Bolan 's TV show Marc performing their single , a cover of Cream 's `` Sunshine of Your Love '' . Their eponymous debut album ( known as Rock Pictures in some territories ) was released in the United States in May 1978 . A second album , Caught in the Act , followed in 1979 . In early 1979 Ian Mitchell once again departed , to be replaced by Paul `` Flash '' Lerwill . Lerwill ( a former Edinburgh DJ at local hotspot `` Clouds '' ) left in 1982 and was replaced by Enda Walsh . That same year the EP Hiding From Love was released , after which the group permanently disbanded . The tracks `` Hiding from Love '' , `` Remember '' and `` Straight from the Heart '' , were all penned by Bryan Adams . `` Hiding From Love '' , which had previously been a # 64 hit in Canada for Adams in 1980 , became a bigger hit for Rosetta Stone , where it reached # 46 in Canada in 1982 . Adams would later record his own version of `` Straight From the Heart '' in 1983 , and made it a Top 20 hit in Canada and a Top 10 hit in the US . Soon after their Roadie Brian left the band due to family commitments went on to produce his own record label In Miami USA . There have been a number of Rosetta Fests ( reunions ) where the band have performed together again . The final fest , was held in Toronto in September 2007 In 2012 they held a sold out reunion show in their hometown at Mullan 's Bar Downpatrick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72e868be209ab534c71e3d5c702581a7", "text": "Live Phish Volume 20 Live Phish Vol . 20 was recorded live at the Providence Civic Center in Providence , Rhode Island , on December 29 , 1994 . This concert is best known for its experimental , 35-minute version of `` David Bowie , '' widely considered one of the greatest Phish jams of all time . The band also strips down to acoustic instruments ( banjo , acoustic guitar , stand-up bass , washboard ) for the bluegrass standard `` My Long Journey Home . '' This show was the second show in a four night stand that would see Phish sell out Madison Square Garden the next night and the Boston Garden two days later on New Year 's Eve .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28e851900e0705b1c2fe08014ec19637", "text": "Pride and Joy (Stevie Ray Vaughan video) Pride and Joy is a music video/live compilation by Stevie Ray Vaughan . It was the original video collection , spanning all of the music videos made from 1983-1989 , plus a live track from MTV 's Mardi Gras celebration in February 1987 . Pride and Joy was also released in 2007 on DVD , expanded to include the video for `` Little Wing '' , and three MTV Unplugged performances from January 30 , 1990 . The DVD also includes material for the Vaughan brothers ' Family Style album and vintage television advertisements .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0593fbfd39d063796c37cc062cfcd638", "text": "Sex Machine (album) Sex Machine is a 1970 double album by James Brown . It showcases the playing of the original J.B. 's lineup featuring Bootsy and Catfish Collins , and includes an 11-minute rendering of the album 's title song , different from the original recording of the title song which was released as a two-part single in 1970 . Sex Machine purports to be a live recording . However , the first LP 's worth of material consists of tracks recorded in studio settings with added reverberation and overdubbed applause ( some of which subsequently were released in unadulterated mixes , most notably on the 1996 Funk Power compilation CD . ) . All but one track of the second LP apparently were recorded live in concert in Brown 's hometown of Augusta , Georgia , although this material , too , features added reverb and overdubbed applause . It charted # 4 R&B and # 29 Pop . Sex Machine is often considered to be one of the greatest and most important soul records of all time , and arguably the high point of Brown 's creative heyday from 1967-1971 . It was ranked 1st in SPIN magazine 's 25 greatest albums of all time in 1989 , and 96th in a 2005 survey held by British television 's Channel 4 to determine the 100 greatest albums of all time . Sex Machine was also voted the 34th greatest album of all time in a VH1 poll of over 700 musicians , songwriters , disc jockeys , radio programmers , and critics in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a07345e6f0cab9703e1eaf7b9e9056b5", "text": "Boston House The Boston House ( also known as Cresthaven ) is a historic building in downtown Fort Pierce , Florida . It is located at 239 South Indian River Drive ( County Road 707 ) . On April 11 , 1985 , it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places . It is recognized for its unique mixture of Neo-classical and Georgian architecture . It is also recognized for its part in local history . On April 18 , 2012 , the AIA 's Florida Chapter placed the building on its list of Florida Architecture : 100 Years . 100 Places as Cresthaven/Boston House .", "title": "" } ]
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88bc1f536c57b251f30b99ceee7a25d9
George Lucas founded an American film and television production company.
[ { "docid": "325312748878585f65d77d48d6876b01", "text": "Lucasfilm Lucasfilm Ltd. . LLC is an American film and television production company based in the Letterman Digital Arts Center in San Francisco , California . The studio is best known for creating and producing the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises , as well as its leadership in developing special effects , sound and computer animation for film . Lucasfilm was founded by filmmaker George Lucas in 1971 in San Rafael , California ; most of the company 's operations were moved to San Francisco in 2005 . The Walt Disney Company acquired Lucasfilm in 2012 at a valuation of $ 4.06 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ececd10c4351f3d46f08408ecc3cc35d", "text": "George Lucas George Walton Lucas Jr. ( born May 14 , 1944 ) is an American filmmaker and entrepreneur . He is best known as the creator of the Star Wars and Indiana Jones franchises , as well as the founder of Lucasfilm and Industrial Light & Magic . He was the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer ( CEO ) of Lucasfilm , before selling it to The Walt Disney Company in 2012 . Upon graduating from the University of Southern California in 1967 , Lucas co-founded American Zoetrope with fellow filmmaker Francis Ford Coppola . Lucas wrote and directed THX 1138 ( 1971 ) , based on his earlier student short Electronic Labyrinth : THX 1138 4EB , which was a critical success but a financial failure . His next work as a writer-director was the film , American Graffiti ( 1973 ) , inspired by his teen years in early 1960s Modesto , California , and produced through the newly founded Lucasfilm . The film was critically and commercially successful , and received five Academy Award nominations including Best Picture . Lucas 's next film , an epic space opera titled Star Wars ( 1977 ) , went through a troubled production process ; however , it was a surprise hit , becoming the highest-grossing film at the time , as well as a winner of six Academy Awards and a cultural phenomenon . Following the first Star Wars film , Lucas produced and co-wrote the following installments in the trilogy , The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) . Along with Steven Spielberg , Lucas co-created and wrote the Indiana Jones films Raiders of the Lost Ark ( 1981 ) , Temple of Doom ( 1984 ) , and The Last Crusade ( 1989 ) . Lucas also produced and wrote a variety of films through Lucasfilm in the 1980s and 1990s . In 1997 , Lucas re-released the original Star Wars trilogy as part of a Special Edition , where he made several alterations to the films ; home media releases with further changes were released in 2004 and 2011 . Lucas also returned to directing with the Star Wars prequel trilogy , consisting of The Phantom Menace ( 1999 ) , Attack of the Clones ( 2002 ) , and Revenge of the Sith ( 2005 ) . He later collaborated on the story for the Indiana Jones sequel Kingdom of the Crystal Skull ( 2008 ) , and served as the story writer and executive producer for the war film , Red Tails ( 2012 ) . Five of Lucas 's seven features are among the 100 highest-grossing movies at the North American box office , adjusted for ticket-price inflation . Lucas is one of the American film industry 's most financially successful filmmakers , and has been personally nominated for four Academy Awards . Lucas is considered a significant figure in the New Hollywood era .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caa8966a6c0d7c7e27bb4e86d59e469a", "text": "George Lucas bibliography A list of books and essays about George Lucas :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670", "text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa", "text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec3b1ae747ee5465cba825940044a961", "text": "Marcia Lucas Marcia Lou Lucas ( née Griffin ; born October 4 , 1945 ) is an Academy Award-winning American film editor who was most well known for her work on the early 1970s films of Martin Scorsese . Lucas won the Academy Award for Best Editing in 1977 for Star Wars , which was written and directed by her first husband , George Lucas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a", "text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22", "text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4765b9e0692641feaf7c2aa2d4f2c8a", "text": "Star Wars Holiday Special The Star Wars Holiday Special is a 1978 American musical science fiction television film set in the Star Wars galaxy . It stars the series ' first film 's main cast while introducing the character Boba Fett , who would appear in later films . It is one of the first official Star Wars spin-offs and was directed by Steve Binder . In the storyline that ties the special together , Chewbacca and Han Solo visit Kashyyyk , Chewbacca 's home world , to celebrate Life Day . They are pursued by agents of the Galactic Empire , who are searching for members of the Rebel Alliance on the planet . The special introduces three members of Chewbacca 's family : his father Itchy , his wife Malla , and his son Lumpy , though these names were later explained to have been nicknames , their full names being Attichitcuk , Mallatobuck , and Lumpawarrump , respectively . The program also features many other Star Wars characters , including Luke Skywalker , C-3PO , R2-D2 , Darth Vader and Princess Leia ( who sings the film 's `` theme song '' , set to the music of John Williams ' Star Wars theme , near the end ) , all of them portrayed by the original actors . The program includes stock footage from Star Wars , and also features a cartoon produced by Toronto-based Nelvana that officially introduces the bounty hunter Boba Fett . Scenes also take place in outer space and in spacecraft including the Millennium Falcon and an Imperial Star Destroyer . The variety-show segments and cartoon also take place in a few other locales , such as a Mos Eisley cantina on the desert planet of Tatooine and a newly introduced red ocean planet known as Panna . The special is notorious for its extremely negative reception and has never been rebroadcast or officially released on home video . It has therefore become something of a cultural legend , because of the `` underground '' quality of its existence . It has been viewed and distributed in off-air recordings made from its original telecast by fans , which were later adapted to content-sharing websites via the Internet and bootleg copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44d77ead5df41da8017da02add58fa35", "text": "Mandeville Films Mandeville Films is an American independent film production company headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios . Founded in 1995 by film producer David Hoberman , the company re-formed as Mandeville Films and Television in 2002 after a short hiatus , with Hoberman and Todd Lieberman as partners and co-owners .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8241fbd3cc212cfb7af3c4445b70cada", "text": "Original Film Original Film is an American film production company founded by Neal H. Moritz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b46b3dc15cbdb1700453c78fce684f1", "text": "Gary Gilbert Gary Gilbert is an American film producer and the founder and president of Gilbert Films , a motion picture production and financing company based in Los Angeles , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5cd8ed40b977dd32524f945510542eaa", "text": "Lucas Learning Lucas Learning was a company founded by George Lucas in 1996 as a spin-off to LucasArts in order to provide challenging , engaging and fun educational software for classrooms . Many of their award-winning titles were based on the national curriculum . The company was located in San Rafael , California , and was headed by former MECC senior vice president of development and creative director Susan Schilling . Shilling asserted that Lucas was personally involved with the products and that a company mantra was to stay away from violence . They released games from 1998 until announcing their cancellation of a Mac version of Star Wars Super Bombad Racing in mid 2001 , the year Lucas Learning decided to leave the market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd", "text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6", "text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dc9bbc7a494e709e411d8b5e3bedc78", "text": "Mandalay Entertainment Mandalay Entertainment Group is an American entertainment company founded in 1995 by Peter Guber , with interests in motion pictures , television , sports entertainment and new media . The company has around 40 employees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a011327b104cfba2044192dd494531c4", "text": "Colossal Pictures Colossal Pictures ( styled as ( Colossal ) Pictures or ( C ) P ) was an entertainment company that developed and produced television programming , advertising , network branding , and visual effects . Colossal 's work has won every major industry award , from the Clio , Emmy and Grammy to the Cannes Gold Lion and Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences Top Honor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fc10ab9ac0131b6979dffd4e53629f0", "text": "The International House of Mojo The International House of Mojo ( often called Mixnmojo ) is a website focused on LucasArts video games . It later expanded to cover studios founded by former LucasArts employees , including Double Fine Productions , Telltale Games , Autumn Moon Entertainment and Crackpot Entertainment . It was founded in 1997 by James Spafford and is among the longest-running `` fan sites '' on the internet . Mixnmojo once enjoyed an active relationship with LucasArts , and reviews have occasionally been quoted in the company 's marketing such as on the cover of the UK release of Monkey Island Special Edition Collection . The site was also referenced in the book Rogue Leaders : The Story of LucasArts , and staff has been interviewed by the gaming press . Developers highlighted by the site have often reciprocated its fondness . Tim Schafer of Double Fine Productions called Mixnmojo their `` friendly friends '' and praised the staff for their knowledge . At E3 2003 , in order to make light of an extended downtime the site was experiencing , staffers in attendance playfully cajoled then-producer Dan Pettit of LucasArts into appearing in a video painting him as complicit in the site 's technical woes . The site once even received permission from LucasArts to pull an elaborate April Fools prank that announced a fictional fifth Monkey Island installment ( at the time , the series only had four games ) complete with fake cover art and sound files of Dominic Armato performing dialog invented by the staff . Though created as an all-encompassing LucasArts site , Mixnmojo has always favored the studio 's original titles , particularly its classic graphic adventure games , over the more popular Star Wars products . This at times strained the relationship with the company . As the site featured the unregulated opinions of its contributors rather a unified editorial point of view , it quickly established an endearingly quirky , if occasionally abrasive , tone in its editorials and news posts . After the turn of the century , LucasArts began shifting away from original properties and the adventure genre in particular , culminating in the cancellation of Sam & Max : Freelance Police in 2004 . In response to this , Mixnmojo began broadening its coverage to include studios operated by LucasArts alumni that they believe continue the creative spirit abandoned by the original company . LucasArts was eventually shut down soon after Lucasfilm was purchased by Disney in 2012 . Its oldest fan site remains active as an information hub for LucasArts legacy titles , which have remained topical due to their continued influence , remakes and re-releases , as well as a news source for games produced by key LucasArts alumni .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" } ]
fever
852f599d1d3250d6259d0580bb10320b
An American singer starred in The Host.
[ { "docid": "5c701f7f27167d03f2c2de8cb3e877f1", "text": "Jake Abel Jacob Allen Abel ( born November 18 , 1987 ) is an American actor and singer who is known for playing Adam Milligan in the CW series Supernatural ( 2009 -- 10 ) , Luke Castellan in the film adaptation of Percy Jackson & the Olympians : The Lightning Thief ( 2010 ) , and its sequel , Percy Jackson : Sea of Monsters ( 2013 ) , Mark James in the film adaptation of I Am Number Four ( 2011 ) , and Ian O'Shea in The Host ( 2013 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a70ee79a93195fd8dadac126e412b1e7", "text": "The Host (2013 film) The Host is a 2013 American romantic science fiction thriller film adapted from Stephenie Meyer 's novel of the same name . It tells the story of a young woman , Melanie , who is captured after the human race has been taken over by parasitic aliens called `` Souls '' . After Melanie is infused with a soul called `` Wanderer '' , Melanie and the alien `` Soul '' vie for control of her body . Written and directed by Andrew Niccol , the film stars Saoirse Ronan , Max Irons , Jake Abel , William Hurt , and Diane Kruger . Released in theaters on March 29 , 2013 , the film was poorly received by critics .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "801e749256f47fb490510b39a05abacc", "text": "America's Got Talent (season 4) The fourth season of America 's Got Talent , an American television reality show talent competition , premiered on the NBC network on June 23 , 2009 . Country singer Kevin Skinner was named the winner on September 16 , 2009 . This season is the first season to be broadcast in high definition . This season 's host is Nick Cannon , who replaced Jerry Springer . Springer had said that he could not host due to other commitments . David Hasselhoff , Piers Morgan and Sharon Osbourne returned judges , despite rumors that Osbourne would be leaving the show . Season four was Hasselhoff 's final season as a judge . This season started broadcasting live on August 4 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "101f452738648b137f024feee38054bf", "text": "Don Bowman (singer) Don Bowman ( August 26 , 1937 -- June 5 , 2013 ) was an American country music singer , songwriter , comedian and radio host . He recorded for RCA Victor between 1964 and 1970 , charting in the Top 40 with the novelty hit single `` Chit Akins , Make Me a Star '' . Bowman worked at several radio stations , including KRZK in Branson , Missouri . Bowman was born in Lubbock , Texas , United States , and was the original host of the radio show American Country Countdown . He hosted the show from its inception on October 6 , 1973 , through April 1978 , after which Bob Kingsley ( who had been ACC 's producer since 1974 ) took over as host . In 1966 , Bowman won Favorite Country Comedy Recording of the Year award from Billboard . In 1967 , he was named Comedian of the Year by the Country Music Association . Bowman 's song `` Wildwood Weed '' later became a hit for Jim Stafford , peaking at # 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 in 1974 . Bowman had been confined to a nursing facility since a stroke in 2008 . He died from complications from a stroke on June 5 , 2013 , at the age of 75 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eba18e2b5bab7b51b6f6c9003779bfa", "text": "Carolina Mestrovic Carolina Mestrovic Veronica Moroni ( born July 20 , 1991 ) is a Chilean singer , actress and TV host known for her role in TVN 's Rojo fame contrafama , where she won the Singers category in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "505051143e8aebbfe48e61b2be43fffd", "text": "Deborah Joy Winans Deborah Joy Winans is an American actress and singer , and member of the musical Winans family . She is starring as Charity Greenleaf-Satterlee in the Oprah Winfrey Network drama series , Greenleaf .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f81df242b7115f982f35b86fe36be4c1", "text": "Shari Belafonte Shari Lynn Belafonte ( born September 22 , 1954 ) is an American actress , model , writer and singer . The raspy-voiced daughter of singer Harry Belafonte , she is known for her role as Julie Gilette on the 1980s television series Hotel and as a spokesperson for the diet supplement Slim-Fast during the 1990s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ffc2be6e0711e26e5034650e7c79ea1", "text": "Wayne Brady Wayne Alphonso Brady ( born June 2 , 1972 ) is an American actor , singer , comedian , and television personality , known for his work as a regular on the American version of the improvisational comedy television series Whose Line Is It Anyway ? He was the host of the daytime talk show The Wayne Brady Show , the original host of Fox 's Do n't Forget the Lyrics ! , and has hosted Let 's Make a Deal since its 2009 revival . Brady also performed in the Tony Award -- winning musical Kinky Boots on Broadway as Simon and as drag queen Lola from November 2015 to March 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a67485415d64de178084f9b64ab3a405", "text": "Radio personality A radio personality ( American English ) or radio presenter ( British English ) , commonly referred to as a `` Disc Jockey '' or `` DJ '' for short , is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting . A radio personality that hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host , and in India and Pakistan as a radio jockey . Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys . The term has evolved to also describe a person who mixes a continuous flow of recorded music in real time . Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts , AM/FM radio show hosts , and satellite radio program hosts . Notable radio personalities include pop music radio hosts Martin Block , Alan Freed , Dick Clark , Delilah Luke , Wolfman Jack , and Casey Kasem , shock jocks such as Don Imus and Howard Stern , also Ameen Sayani of India , as well as sports talk hosts such as Mike Francesa and political talk hosts such as Rush Limbaugh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ebd5f3d4b825edb9d3af4f89ac4ab7e", "text": "Gregory Jbara Gregory Jbara ( -LSB- dʒəˈbɑrə -RSB- born September 28 , 1961 ) is an American film , television and stage actor , and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01004a997d4e37e5c371fd41a51018f", "text": "KC Montero Casey Wyatt Montero Miller ( born June 17 , 1978 in Tacoma , Washington ) , better known as KC Montero is a Filipino American Radio DJ , MTV VJ , TV host and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9ae2efd77b63b0cadf6c4498e0ba2af", "text": "Frankie Michaels Frankie Michaels ( born Francis Michael Chernesky ; May 5 , 1955 -- March 30 , 2016 ) was an American singer and actor of stage , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "476d847a4e380a4beff1bceed2fe8c0e", "text": "Li Xiang (host) Li Xiang ( ; born 11 February 1976 ) is a Chinese actress , host and singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bd45d14cb17358055dd13263b4011f9", "text": "Kate Michaels Kate Michaels ( born Kathleen Rebecca Hall , June 2 , 1969 ) is an American singer and actor specializing in big band/swing and musical theater .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74c9baa61bd3765d016ad2aa1c32141a", "text": "The Lawrence Welk Show The Lawrence Welk Show is an American televised musical variety show hosted by big band leader Lawrence Welk . The series aired locally in Los Angeles for four years , from 1951 to 1955 , then nationally for another 27 years on ABC from 1955 to 1971 , and in first-run syndication from 1971 to 1982 . Repeat episodes are broadcast in the United States by Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) stations . These airings incorporate an original program -- usually , a color broadcast from 1965 through 1982 -- in its entirety . In place of the commercials , newer performance and interview clips from the original stars and/or a family member of the performers are included ; these clips are occasionally updated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2de419ff1732c0e2f6a51e614a749686", "text": "Susan Powell (Miss America) Susan Carol Powell ( born March 24 , 1959 ) is an American actress , singer , and television personality . A native of Elk City , Oklahoma , Powell began her career as a successful beauty pageant contestant , winning the Miss Oklahoma pageant in 1980 and proceeded to the Miss America crown for the year 1981 . A coloratura soprano , she has performed in musical theater and on opera stages around the world . In 1993 , Powell embarked on a new television career , becoming the co-host of Discovery Channel 's Home Matters home and garden program in 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94471bca549e7e7bac6852b34ec13406", "text": "Ginger Orsi Ginger Orsi ( born May 13 , 1984 in California ) is an American singer and former actress . She is best known for her role as Amanda Phillips on the 1980s sitcom Duet and its subsequent spin-off Open House . She also appeared in the 1994 film The Favor starring Brad Pitt . Her older sister Leigh Ann Orsi also co-starred in that film . Orsi has not acted professionally since then and has since pursued a career in music . In 2009 , she released a four-track EP entitled Take a Bath with Me .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d16eee3ff6f71562880f7449a7725bb", "text": "The RuPaul Show The RuPaul Show is an American talk/variety show that premiered on VH1 in 1996 . Hosted by drag performer , RuPaul , the show had many famous musical guests and was notable as being one of the first national television programs in the United States hosted by an openly gay host . Former singer turned radio personality , Michelle Visage was the show 's co-host .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e55a8404ce3febaaaafcd974bcb586b1", "text": "PJ DeBoy Paul J. `` PJ '' DeBoy ( born June 7 , 1971 ) is an American actor and talk show host .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e1b397bc5f0829985c3f031e777ebb8", "text": "The Leslie Uggams Show The Leslie Uggams Show is an American variety television series starring actress/singer Leslie Uggams . The series aired on CBS as part of its 1969 fall lineup , and was the second variety series to feature an African American host since 1956 's The Nat King Cole Show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3384ff5a9427ac621a8d5b4dc3037adf", "text": "Carnie Wilson: Unstapled Carnie Wilson : Unstapled is an American reality television show , starring game show hostess and singer Carnie Wilson . The show aired on GSN from January 14 , 2010 to March 11 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ea8beb06ac5e1850c70b46ef421ed45", "text": "Anders Lundin Anders Erik Lundin ( born 8 September 1958 in Stockholm ) is a Swedish television host , comedian and lyricist . Lundin was one of the first hosts in the world to host the show Expedition Robinson , also known as Survivor . Lundin co-hosted the Eurovision Song Contest 2000 along with Kattis Ahlström and , 2003 -- 10 , was every summer host for the successful song show Allsång på Skansen . He has also hosted the show Allt för Sverige which takes Americans to Sweden to learn more about their Swedish ancestry .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5914f86fbc42d924e75decc8ca934655
Purple Haze is a Jimi Hendrix song.
[ { "docid": "62930c2901334dd92f5721da9aa8e006", "text": "Purple Haze `` Purple Haze '' is a song written by Jimi Hendrix and released as the second record single by the Jimi Hendrix Experience on March 17 , 1967 . As a record chart hit in several countries and the opening number on the Experience 's debut American album , it was many people 's first exposure to Hendrix 's psychedelic rock sound . The song features his inventive guitar playing , which uses the signature Hendrix chord and a mix of blues and Eastern modalities , shaped by novel sound processing techniques . Because of ambiguities in the lyrics , listeners often interpret the song as referring to a psychedelic experience , although Hendrix described it as a love song . `` Purple Haze '' is one of Hendrix 's best-known songs and appears on many Hendrix compilation albums . The song featured regularly in concerts and each of Hendrix 's group configurations issued live recordings . It was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and is included on lists of the greatest guitar songs , including at number two by Rolling Stone and number one by Q magazine .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "27aaa90b1f6e9dd7c59ab7118cab5ca0", "text": "Scandinavian Nights Scandinavian Nights is a double live album by the British hard rock band Deep Purple . It was originally recorded by Swedish National Radio for a radio show called Tonkraft at the Stockholm Konserthuset on 12 November 1970 , but not released until 1988 . The tapes were re-mixed by Tom Leader at Angel Studios in London . It remains the prime example of the early Mk II set list and ferocious concert dynamics . The set list comprises songs from the album Deep Purple in Rock and long instrumentals from earlier albums . The two songs `` Mandrake Root '' and `` Wring that Neck '' took up half the concert in the early days , until the Fireball tour . The US double CD , released in 1992 , was titled Live and Rare , while the European double vinyl and double CD , released in 1988 , were both titled Scandinavian Nights . The European vinyl release contained a limited edition picture booklet . The track timings printed ( on both European vinyl and CD ) refer to the length of the actual songs , in-between pauses are not included , but the timings on the US CDs do include the pauses . The original master tapes were later discovered and remixed for a re-release as Live in Stockholm by Purple Records in 2005 , with improved sound quality . On the original release the song running order was adjusted to fit the timing-restrictions of vinyl , and the CD edition unnecessarily mimicked this ; Live in Stockholm features the set list in the correct order . A new edition of the album , titled Stockholm 1970 , was released in 2014 by EDEL as part of `` The Official Deep Purple ( Overseas ) Live Series '' with additional material : two songs recorded in Paris in 1970 ; contemporary Jon Lord interview ; a bonus DVD with Deep Purple 's performance at Granada TV in 1970 , previously released on VHS as Doing Their Thing . The original 1988 album cover was featured in Pitchfork Media 's 2005 list of `` The Worst Record Covers of All Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2564b1ed390d07d4e46d7edf2551873", "text": "Haze (2005 film) is a 2005 Japanese thriller/horror film written and directed by Shinya Tsukamoto who also stars in the movie . After appearances at several international festivals in 2005 , the film debuted theatrically in Japan on March 4 , 2006 . Two versions of the film exist : the original release , a short 25 minute version ; and what Director Tsukamoto entitled the `` Long Version '' , which runs 49 minutes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "162fd590baadfa31f74300e19773c664", "text": "Mother Earth (Memphis Slim song) `` Mother Earth '' is a blues song recorded by Memphis Slim in 1951 . A slow twelve-bar blues , it is one of Slim 's best-known songs and reached number seven in the Billboard R&B chart in 1951 . `` Mother Earth '' features an unusual descending chromatic figure and an often-quoted chorus : Do n't care how great you are , do n't care what you 're worth When it all ends up you got to , go back to mother earth Although an early review called it a `` Blues moralizer , with group harmonizing in back of Slim 's chanting , -LSB- having -RSB- a haunting effect , but -LSB- it -RSB- is on the tedious side '' , it has been described as `` an uncommonly wise down-tempo blues '' and `` one of the finest down-tempo blues songs ever recorded '' . Memphis Slim recorded several studio and live versions of the song during his career . The 1960s San Francisco band Mother Earth , which featured the vocals of Tracy Nelson , took their name from the song . They showcased the song on their 1968 album Living with the Animals . Eric Burdon & War included the song as part of the `` Blues for Memphis Slim '' medley for their 1970 debut album Eric Burdon Declares `` War '' . In 1995 , an edited version retitled `` Mother Earth '' , was released on The Best of Eric Burdon and War . Two days before his death , Jimi Hendrix joined the band as an accompanist for the song at Ronnie Scott 's Jazz Club in London , making `` Mother Earth '' one of his last public performances . Gov ' t Mule covered the song on their self-titled 1995 debut album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e03a4f10a251c9c7a5cd0cb09a52a34", "text": "Lifelines: The Jimi Hendrix Story Lifelines : The Jimi Hendrix Story is a posthumous box set by Jimi Hendrix . The four compact disc set was released by Reprise Records on November 27 , 1990 , and produced by Bruce Gary . The first three discs comprise Live & Unreleased : The Radio Show , a narrated radio presentation of Hendrix 's career . The fourth , titled The L. A. Forum Concert , contains live recordings from the Jimi Hendrix Experience 's performance at the Forum in Los Angeles on April 26 , 1969 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e89afdb946a72cea2919a8119a2c208", "text": "Call of the Wild (Deep Purple song) `` Call of the Wild '' is a song by British hard rock band Deep Purple . It appeared as the third track on their 1987 album The House of Blue Light . The song was released as a single later that year , and made it onto the UK Singles Chart at # 92 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3ae4e1cf71c9c40762d47cfeb5d13f6", "text": "Eight Miles High `` Eight Miles High '' is a song by the American rock band the Byrds , written by Gene Clark , Jim McGuinn ( a.k.a. Roger McGuinn ) , and David Crosby and first released as a single on March 14 , 1966 ( see 1966 in music ) . Musically influenced by Ravi Shankar and John Coltrane , `` Eight Miles High '' , along with its McGuinn and Crosby-penned B-side `` Why '' , was influential in developing the musical styles of psychedelic rock , raga rock , and psychedelic pop . Accordingly , critics often cite `` Eight Miles High '' as being the first bona fide psychedelic rock song , as well as a classic of the counterculture era . The song was subject to a U.S. radio ban shortly after its release , following allegations published in the broadcasting trade journal the Gavin Report regarding perceived drug connotations in its lyrics . The band strenuously denied these allegations at the time , but in later years both Clark and Crosby admitted that the song was at least partly inspired by their own drug use . The failure of `` Eight Miles High '' to reach the Billboard Top 10 is usually attributed to the broadcasting ban , but some commentators have suggested that the song 's complexity and uncommercial nature were greater factors . `` Eight Miles High '' reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 24 in the UK Singles Chart . The song was also included on the band 's third album , Fifth Dimension , which was released on July 18 , 1966 . `` Eight Miles High '' became the Byrds ' third and final U.S. Top 20 hit , and was also their last release before the departure of Gene Clark , the band 's principal songwriter at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c448ca37cde9372a1302be801738caa6", "text": "Purple-K Purple-K , also known as PKP , is a dry-chemical fire suppression agent used in some dry chemical fire extinguishers . It is the second most effective dry chemical in fighting class B ( flammable liquid ) fires after Monnex ( potassium allophanate ) , and can be used against some energized electrical equipment fires ( USA class C fires ) . It has about 4 -- 5 times more effectiveness against class B fires than carbon dioxide , and more than twice that of sodium bicarbonate . Some fire extinguishers are capable of operation in temperatures down to − 54 ° C or up to +49 ° C. Dry chemical works by directly inhibiting the chemical chain reaction which forms one of the four sides of the fire tetrahedron ( Heat + Oxygen + Fuel + Chemical Chain Reaction = Fire ) . To a much smaller degree it also has a smothering effect -- by excluding oxygen from the fire . `` Dry chemical '' extinguishers , such as Purple-K , are different from `` dry powder '' extinguishers that are used to fight Class D flammable metal fires .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe9761c0b629832c4a69965e2acb6339", "text": "Blue Jay Way `` Blue Jay Way '' is a song recorded by the English rock band the Beatles . Written by George Harrison , it was released in 1967 on the group 's Magical Mystery Tour EP and album . The song was named after a street in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles where Harrison stayed in August 1967 , shortly before visiting the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco . The lyrics document Harrison 's wait for music publicist Derek Taylor to find his way to Blue Jay Way through the fog-ridden hills , while Harrison struggled to stay awake after the flight from London to Los Angeles . As with several of Harrison 's compositions from this period , `` Blue Jay Way '' incorporates aspects of Indian classical music , although the Beatles used only Western instrumentation on the track , including a drone-like Hammond organ part played by Harrison . Created during the group 's psychedelic period , the track makes extensive use of studio techniques such as flanging , Leslie rotary effect , and reversed tape sounds . The song appeared in the Beatles ' 1967 television film Magical Mystery Tour , in a sequence that visually re-creates the sense of haziness and dislocation evident on the recording . While some reviewers have dismissed the song as monotonous , many others have admired its yearning quality and dark musical mood . The website Consequence of Sound describes `` Blue Jay Way '' as `` a haunted house of a hit , adding an ethereal , creepy mythos to the City of Angels '' . Among its continued links with Los Angeles , the song was one of the first Beatles tracks that cult leader Charles Manson adopted as the foundation for his Helter Skelter theory of an American race-related countercultural revolution . Artists who have covered the song include Bud Shank , Colin Newman , Tracy Bonham , Siouxsie and the Banshees and Greg Hawkes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0ba9e1a80bb1922277087b62563f21f", "text": "Phantasmagoria in Two `` Phantasmagoria in Two '' is a song that was composed by Tim Buckley , as opposed to the Larry Beckett/Tim Buckley collaboration that was more commonly credited during Buckley 's earlier years , and released ( with Once I Was ) as the third and final single from his second studio album , Goodbye and Hello . The song - which is dominated by hauntingly psychedelic intertwining guitar and piano sequences - is lyrically much like the majority of the other Buckley solo compositions of the time ( such as Pleasant Street , Once I Was and Wings ) , with less of a specifically metaphoric and more of a purely ambiguous approach to the topic in question . However , despite these lyrical similarities , musically , it is perhaps the most deeply psychedelic of Buckley 's published recordings . Indeed , when recorded in June 1967 , it was the height of the psychedelic era and yet despite being very much of its time , the single failed to reach anything like a significant chart position . A slower , live version of the song was performed during his 1968 concert at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London , England , released in 1990 as Dream Letter : Live in London 1968 . This performance was also included on the 2001 compilation album Morning Glory : The Tim Buckley Anthology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3722301fe86dd9b5044bfd55b93192ac", "text": "Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary On May 14 , 1988 , the Atlantic Records label held its 40th Anniversary Celebration by staging a non-stop concert lasting almost 13 hours at Madison Square Garden , New York . The event was dubbed `` It 's Only Rock And Roll '' . Only artists who had released material on the Atlantic label in the United States performed , with the artists spanning the 40 years of the company 's existence . Lavern Baker and Ruth Brown were the longest tenured Atlantic acts to perform , while Debbie Gibson was the most recent Atlantic signing to make an appearance at the event . Some Atlantic signings , who had either officially split up or who had not performed together for a number of years , re-formed especially to perform at the concert . These artists included The Rascals , Iron Butterfly , and the former members of Led Zeppelin . Other notable performers included Yes , Genesis , Crosby , Stills & Nash , Keith Emerson and Carl Palmer ( representing Emerson , Lake & Palmer ) , Foreigner , Paul Rodgers , Bob Geldof , Booker T. Jones , Wilson Pickett , The Coasters , The Spinners , Peabo Bryson , The Blues Brothers ( featuring Dan Aykroyd and Sam Moore ) , Roberta Flack , The Manhattan Transfer , Bee Gees , Ben E. King and Vanilla Fudge . There had been plans to close the performance with a greatest hits all-star jam , but this idea was shelved . Instead , the former members of Led Zeppelin performed as the last act . The concert was broadcast live in the US on FM radio and HBO television , commentary for the latter being provided backstage by comedian Robert Townsend . HBO commenced its live broadcast a few hours into the event and interspersed footage of the concert which had been taped earlier by the network . In so doing , some of the artists ' sets were edited or omitted . An edited version aired later that year on ABC hosted by Robert Hays . Several banners heralding the reunion of Led Zeppelin band members were displayed like tapestry by excited fans , but , to their dismay , were taken down before HBO went with their live feed . The Audio was recorded by David Hewitt and Stanley Johnston on the Record Plant Black Truck . In the United Kingdom the event was broadcast over a period of four weeks by BBC 2 , presented as hour-long episodes . Atlantic Records later released this production on video under the title Atlantic Records 40th Anniversary : It 's Only Rock 'n' Roll . The release intercut concert footage with highlights from earlier performances , as well as older footage from the Atlantic archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a14f933d1270503c34a5083b5734bf71", "text": "Super Concert '70 Super Concert '70 was a one-day music festival held at the Deutschlandhalle in Berlin , Germany , on September 4 , 1970 . The festival was headlined by Jimi Hendrix . Other artists on the bill included Canned Heat ( whose harmonica/guitar player and singer , Alan `` Blind Owl '' Wilson , died the day before ) , Procol Harum , Ten Years After , Cat Mother and Cold Blood and Murphy Blend . A notable fact about this festival is that it was Hendrix 's next to last performance . He appeared on stage one more time at the Open Air Love & Peace Festival in Fehmarn , Germany , on September 6 , 1970 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5b262bb1b751b538692889ecc06e64d", "text": "Purple Medley `` Purple Medley '' is a song by American musician Prince from 1995 . There is no album accompanying the single . The track is a mix of many hits and well-known songs from Prince 's career . Some of the pieces of music are samples , while others are re-recorded for the mix . Some of the additional instrumentation is credited to The New Power Generation . The `` Purple Medley '' consists of snippets from the songs : `` Batdance '' , `` When Doves Cry '' , `` Kiss '' , `` Erotic City '' , `` Darling Nikki '' , `` 1999 '' , `` Baby I 'm a Star '' , `` Diamonds and Pearls '' , `` Purple Rain '' and `` Let 's Go Crazy '' and fades for the edit . The full version continues with `` Sexy Dancer '' , `` Let 's Work '' , `` Irresistible Bitch '' ( with the music of `` Sexy MF '' ) , `` I Wan na Be Your Lover '' , `` Alphabet St. '' , `` Thieves in the Temple '' , the bassline to The Time 's `` 777-9311 '' , Sheila E. 's `` A Love Bizarre '' , `` If I Was Your Girlfriend '' , `` Raspberry Beret '' , `` Little Red Corvette '' , `` Cream '' and `` Peach '' . The CD single release includes both the full version of the medley ( which clocks in at 11 minutes ) and the edited version , which is 3:14 in length , and omits about half of the tracks present in the full version . Despite , in essence , being a megamix of Prince 's biggest hits ( barring `` The Most Beautiful Girl in the World '' ) , the B-side of the single is `` Kirk J 's B-Sides Remix '' which consists of additional Prince hits remixed ( oddly , only one was an actual B-side ) . This track appears to have little additional input from Prince , but is rather a compilation of remixes made by band member Kirk Johnson . The compilation includes bits of `` Pop Life '' , `` When Doves Cry '' , `` Shockadelica '' , `` Head '' and `` The Continental '' . The remix of `` The Continental '' was released in a longer version on the 1998 compilation Crystal Ball as `` Tell Me How U Wan na B Done '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "752f24bfbd93eeb5ee011f01520f4ba3", "text": "I Wish U Heaven `` I Wish U Heaven '' is a song by Prince , and the third single from his 1988 album , Lovesexy . It is a joyful , spiritual song with few lyrics , which runs 2:43 . The 12 '' single is a substantially extended three-part suite which runs over ten minutes . This song was a replacement for `` The Line '' , an upbeat jam featuring Sheila E. on backing vocals . * Part One of the mix starts with a stripped-down version of the Lovesexy album song , remixed with a dance beat . The original drum programming and rhythmic electric guitar riffs are deleted for much of the song . Part Two is a gospel rendition with new lyrics , continuing the spiritual theme . This part of the song was often sung in concert during the Lovesexy World Tour . The beginning of this section paraphrases lyrics from `` Housequake '' , from the previous album Sign '' ☮ '' the Times . Prince also quotes the film Scarface with the lines `` Say hello to my little friend ... '' and then introduces the `` Blue Angel '' , a new blue version of his custom `` White Cloud '' guitar featured in the film Purple Rain . Sheila E. is also given a call out , and her voice can be heard responding in this section . Part Three is based on an outtake called `` Take This Beat '' and deviates quite a bit from the original theme . This segment has Prince using his `` Jamie Starr '' persona to humorously tout the fact that he 's funky , musically talented , and has plenty of beats ( songs ) that are `` so fine '' . The song ends with a looped repeat of the title . This version of the song became one of the highlights during the supporting tour in which Prince would usually order the house lights to be turned up , and instruct the crowd during a call and response segment . The B-side , `` Scarlet Pussy '' , is credited to Prince 's alter ego , Camille . The song is very sexual , using metaphors of cats and dogs for sexual organs , a theme Prince previously used for the B-side `` La , La , La , He , He , Hee '' . Prince uses his sped-up Camille vocals , as well as a slowed-down vocal , similar to `` Bob George '' from The Black Album . The song features a saxophone solo from Eric Leeds . The decision to include such a raunchy song with the spiritual A-side was noteworthy . The edit of `` Scarlet Pussy '' was included on 1993 's The Hits/The B-Sides .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55eedd247742f1317d1825df34e90684", "text": "Stone Free (album) Stone Free is a posthumous compilation album by Jimi Hendrix , released in 1981 by Polydor Records . The album contains songs from Are You Experienced , Axis : Bold as Love , Electric Ladyland and The Cry of Love , as well as one song from Loose Ends .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b90c02b53c9aa348af016635db03c1c", "text": "Jimi Hendrix (film) Jimi Hendrix is a 1973 rockumentary about Jimi Hendrix , directed and produced by Joe Boyd , John Head and Gary Weis . The film contains concert footage from 1967 to 1970 , including the Monterey Pop Festival the 1970 Isle of Wight Festival , Woodstock and a Berkeley concert . The film also includes interviews with Hendrix ' contemporaries , family and friends . People appearing in the film include Paul Caruso , Eric Clapton , Billy Cox , Alan Douglas , Germaine Greer , Hendrix ' father , James A. `` Al '' Hendrix , Mick Jagger , Eddie Kramer , Buddy Miles , Mitch Mitchell , Juggy Murray , Little Richard , Lou Reed and Pete Townshend . The film is also known as A Film About Jimi Hendrix . The title was used on the 2005 DVD-cover and theatrical poster .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93bbcebea71cc9e9f3ccc0446e8b5a67", "text": "The Kennedy Experience The Kennedy Experience is a music group and eponymous instrumental album conceived and produced in 1999 by violinist Nigel Kennedy . The album is largely derived from the music of rock guitarist Jimi Hendrix and the title references his group The Jimi Hendrix Experience . According to a BBC interview with Kennedy , the violinist stated that the recording is `` an album of music inspired by Jimi Hendrix . It is an extended instrumental work in six movements , each movement a classical interpretation of a Hendrix song '' . On the recording , Kennedy is accompanied by seven other musicians , and the lineup includes two cellos , an oboe , two guitars , a Dobro , flute , and double bass . With cellist Lynn Harrell , he has recorded an album of duets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "346ad9f9977edad9d66cc88bcc5a3dfd", "text": "Echoes (Pink Floyd song) `` Echoes '' is a composition by Pink Floyd including fully extended instrumental passages , continuous sound effects , and musical improvisation . Written in 1970 by all four members of the group , `` Echoes '' provides the extended finale to Pink Floyd 's album Meddle . The track has a running time of 23:31 and takes up the entire second side of the vinyl and cassette recordings . It also appears in shortened form as the fifth track on the compilation album which took its name , Echoes : The Best of Pink Floyd . `` Echoes '' is the third-longest song in Pink Floyd 's catalogue , after `` Atom Heart Mother '' ( 23:44 ) and the combined segments of `` Shine On You Crazy Diamond '' ( 26:01 ) . Unlike those pieces , it is not explicitly divided into separate parts ; however , the composition was originally assembled from separate fragments and was later split in two parts to serve as both the opening and closing numbers in the band 's film Live at Pompeii . It retains the title as the longest song by Pink Floyd that is not split into parts . The song was used to open the band 's 1987 A Momentary Lapse of Reason Tour after not being played for over a decade , but was retired again after 11 shows . The song was finally revived again for Gilmour 's 2006 On an Island Tour where it was performed every night and a live version was released on Live in Gdańsk and Remember That Night .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e4d0c33da5e2e21dc145da8f80ac90bb", "text": "Rainbow Bridge (film) Rainbow Bridge is a 1971 film directed by Chuck Wein about different countercultural figures interacting on the Hawaiian island of Maui . He described it as `` a kind of space-age Candid Camera . We 're going to place Pat -LSB- New York model Pat Hartley , the protagonist -RSB- in all kinds of real-life situtations , and film what happens . We 're going to shoot a lot of film and just see what comes out of it . '' Harry Shapiro adds , `` the idea was to shoot an antidote to Easy Rider , showing the positive side of the youth movement . '' Filmed with non-professional actors and without a script , it features improvised scenes with a variety of characters . When it became apparent that it was floundering , producer Michael Jeffery brought in his client Jimi Hendrix to film an outdoor concert ( July 30 , 1970 ) . Hendrix 's heavily edited ( no complete songs ) performance appears near the end of the film . Rainbow Bridge was a critical failure and has been re-released on video tape and DVD formats . Although it only contains 17 minutes of Hendrix performing , it continues to attract attention as his second-to-last American concert and the last one filmed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc935d58a29988d3fec7e4b236c40a10", "text": "Voodoo Soup Voodoo Soup is a posthumous compilation album by American rock musician Jimi Hendrix , released in the United States on April 11 , 1995 , by MCA Records . It was one of the last Hendrix albums produced by Alan Douglas , who was also responsible for the posthumous Hendrix releases Midnight Lightning and Crash Landing in the 1970s . Voodoo Soup was Douglas ' attempt at presenting Hendrix 's planned fourth studio album . The first attempt in 1971 , The Cry of Love , produced by drummer Mitch Mitchell and Eddie Kramer ( with a credit to Hendrix ) , was then out of print ( last released on the compact disc format in 1992 ; re-released in 2014 ) . After Experience Hendrix , a family company , gained control of his recordings , First Rays of the New Rising Sun was released in 1997 as another attempt to realize the album Hendrix had planned . Since then , Voodoo Soup has remained out of print .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0338f7540381de89562bb3f94e3c0bae", "text": "An American Prayer An American Prayer is the ninth and final studio album by the Doors . In 1978 , seven years after lead singer Jim Morrison died and five years after the remaining members of the band broke up , Ray Manzarek , Robby Krieger , and John Densmore reunited and recorded backing tracks over Morrison 's poetry ( originally recorded in 1969 and 1970 ) . Other pieces of music and spoken word recorded by the Doors and Morrison were also used in the audio collage , such as dialogue from Morrison 's film HWY : An American Pastoral and snippets from jam sessions . Despite managing a RIAA platinum certification in the US , the album received mixed reviews and still divides critics . When the album was originally released , longtime Doors ' producer Paul A. Rothchild labeled the album a `` rape of Jim Morrison . '' Rothchild claimed that he had heard all of the reels of master tapes from both the 1969 and the 1970 poetry sessions , insisting that the three remaining Doors failed to realize Morrison 's original intent for an audio presentation of the poetry . Prior to leaving for Paris , Morrison had approached composer Lalo Schifrin as a possible contributor for the music tracks meant to accompany the poetry , with no participation from any of the other Doors members . Additionally , he had developed some conception of the album cover art work by January 1971 , and was in correspondence with artist T. E. Breitenbach to design this cover in the form of a triptych . However , John Haeny ( who recorded the original session tapes with Morrison in 1970 and safeguarded them before the project was resurrected as An American Prayer ) insisted that the album `` was made by those people who were closest to Jim , both personally and artistically '' and `` everyone had the best intentions , '' stating : `` Jim would be pleased . Jim would have understood our motivation and appreciated our dedication and heartfelt handling of his work . '' The album also includes a composite live version of `` Roadhouse Blues , '' splicing together performances at New York City 's Felt Forum and Detroit 's Cobo Hall , both captured during the Doors ' 1970 Roadhouse Blues Tour . This version of the song later appeared on the In Concert compilation .", "title": "" } ]
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f4d29a0fc2f04c2e8bfc2c16653850c4
School 2013 depicts the struggles and dilemmas that modern-day Korean youth face at school.
[ { "docid": "0efcf713dee6a362b2674ba6fdf106bf", "text": "School 2013 School 2013 is a 2012 South Korean television series starring Jang Nara , Choi Daniel , Lee Jong-suk and Kim Woo Bin . The teen drama depicts the struggles and dilemmas that modern-day Korean youth face , such as bullying , student suicides , school violence , deteriorating teacher-student relations , private tutoring and other real-life high school issues , all within the confines of one small classroom at Victory High School . It is the fifth installment of KBS 's `` School '' series which aired from 1999 through 2002 . It aired on KBS2 from December 3 , 2012 to January 28 , 2013 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 16 episodes .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "80237e514ce5e7d0e9e321862ffa4a4f", "text": "Education Education is the process of facilitating learning , or the acquisition of knowledge , skills , values , beliefs , and habits . Educational methods include storytelling , discussion , teaching , training , and directed research . Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators , but learners may also educate themselves . Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks , feels , or acts may be considered educational . The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy . Education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten , primary school , secondary school and then college , university , or apprenticeship . A right to education has been recognized by some governments , including at the global level : Article 13 of the United Nations ' 1966 International Covenant on Economic , Social and Cultural Rights recognizes a universal right to education . In most regions , education is compulsory up to a certain age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fe559dfe8bc7e63ed9beccbffd68724", "text": "Hell Joseon Hell Joseon , Hell Chosun or Hell Korea is a satirical South Korean term that criticizes the current socioeconomic state of Korea . The term is particularly popular with the younger Korean generation , one of whose major concerns is related to the unemployment and working conditions ( including harsh treatment of employees due to Korean Confucianism and greed ) . The term was coined in early 2010s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f481d09baeab98ad879b70c0d70506a0", "text": "Academic grading in South Korea Academic grading in South Korea depends on the type of school in which it is involved in . In University , the grade runs upon a letter-type grade similar to American schools . The letter grades can add up to different numbered averages , from 0.0 to 4.5 . However , in Middle School , the grades are based on characters that of the Korean language , such as '' 수 '' meaning `` Outstanding '' , or '' 양 '' meaning `` Needs Improvement '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b85be778fcc0f35341e97ee1ba85a34f", "text": "Bandhobi Bandhobi is a 2009 South Korean indie film about a frustrated and rebellious high school student who ends up becoming a friend of a migrant worker from Bangladesh who is desperate to receive his unpaid wages back . The title means `` female friend '' in Bengali . Lead actor Mahbub Alam is a longtime resident of South Korea who entered the country as a migrant worker . He has since appeared in small film roles and become involved in various activist projects , including the launch of the Migrant Worker Film Festival , for which he serves as festival director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "040c23f465d4323494d3bed2dc00563d", "text": "South Korean web culture South Korean web culture indicates distinct activities that South Korean internet users enjoy on the web . Most of the internet users are in the 13 - 50 age range . People often access the Internet through cyber cafes ( Korean : PC방 ; PC bang ) . Most of the activities are targeted to teenagers and college students . Youngsters who feel more comfortable texting than talking are known as the `` thumb tribe '' . The LG Mobile World Cup , an international competition held on January 14 , 2010 , in which participants competed using their texting speed and accuracy was won by a pair of South Koreans . Highly urbanized at 92 % , South Koreans lead a distinctive urban lifestyle ; half of them live in high-rises concentrated in the Seoul Capital Area with 25 million residents . The rise of online social activities closely mirrors the wider cultural trend towards shared spaces , such as the habitual use of coffee houses . South Korea enjoys the world 's swiftest Internet speeds and the highest rate of Internet penitration but also suffers from very high censorship of content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "728f096951799c77fa10fd53ae71294f", "text": "Popular education Popular education is a concept grounded in notions of class , political struggle , and social transformation . The term is a translation from the Spanish educación popular or the Portuguese educação popular and rather than the English usage as when describing a ` popular television program ' , popular here means ` of the people ' . More specifically ` popular ' refers to the ` popular classes ' , which include peasants , the unemployed , the working class and sometimes the lower middle class . The designation of ` popular ' is meant most of all to exclude the upper class and upper middle class . Popular education is used to classify a wide array of educational endeavors and has been a strong tradition in Latin America since the end of the first half of the 20th century . These endeavors are either composed of or carried out in the interests of the popular classes . The diversity of projects and endeavors claiming or receiving the label of popular education makes the term difficult to precisely define . Generally , one can say that popular education is class-based in nature and rejects the notion of education as transmission or ` banking education ' . It stresses a dialectic or dialogical model between educator and educand . This model is explored in great detail in the works of one of the foremost popular educators Paulo Freire . Though sharing many similarities with other forms of alternative education , popular education is a distinct form in its own right . In the words of Liam Kane : `` What distinguishes popular education from ` adult ' , ` non-formal ' , ` distance ' , or ` permanent education ' , for example , is that in the context of social injustice , education can never be politically neutral : if it does not side with the poorest and marginalised sectors - the ` oppressed ' -- in an attempt to transform society , then it necessarily sides with the ` oppressors ' in maintaining the existing structures of oppression , even if by default . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed704d74b7af828037a8fe05f3eb3c33", "text": "Guro District, Seoul Guro District ( Guro-gu ) is a district of Seoul , South Korea , which was separated from Yeongdeungpo District on April 1 , 1980 . Located in the southwestern part of the city , where besides Yangcheon District and Geumcheon District Guro District has an important position as a transport link which contains railroads , land routes from the rest of Seoul to the south of the country . The Gyeongbu and Gyeongin railway lines connect Seoul to Busan and Incheon . In addition , Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines 1 , 2 , and 7 , and major highways intersect in Guro District . The name Guro originates from the legend that nine ( gu ) old men ( Korean : ro ) enjoyed longevity in the district . A digital industrial complex is located in Guro District . The Guro Digital Industrial Complex , which played a leading industrial role mainly with textile manufacturing , dressmaking and other labour-intensive industries in 1967 , has been rapidly changed into an IT industrial complex . This complex played a pivotal role in the economic growth of the South Korea 's development era , referred to as the `` Miracle on the Han River '' , and also contributed 10 percent of national export in the 1970s . Twenty-one percent of the total area of Guro District is a restricted zone to be used as a greenbelt with the only arboretum in Seoul . The zone is changing into a lively district as large labour-intensive factories are moving from the area and the council is developing what it terms its four zones . An `` e-government '' system based on this hosted the international e-participation forum on February 7 -- 9 , 2007 , with the participation of more than thirty-seven countries . The forum was launched with the theme `` Promoting Democracy and Regional Development '' and twenty-five mayors including André Santini ( Issy-les-Moulineaux , France ) , Kevin Foy ( Chapel Hill , US ) , Apirak Kosayothin ( Bangkok , Thailand ) , Uvais Mohamed Emthiyas ( Colombo , Sri Lanka ) , and world experts such as Dr William H. Dutton ( Director of Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford , UK ) and Dr Ari-Veiko Anttiroiko ( professor at the University of Tampere , Finland ) participated in the forum . The Guro Declaration , adopted during the forum , aims to set up a portal site for e-government development and to establish a concrete project in order to bridge the digital divide among the world 's cities . This practice has been recognised for providing a new important step in the development of e-democracy . The e-participation forum was a key factor for Guro to play the leading role in bridging the digital divide among cities , to provide I.T. enterprises located in Guro Digital Industrial Complex the opportunity to launch into the international market , to improve its image and become a global leader to concrete e-democracy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa579097828415d8d256c3b380543543", "text": "Induk University Induk University is a university in Seoul , South Korea . It was established by Asian American writer Induk Pahk as `` Berea in Korea '' in 1963 , became the `` Induk Institute of Design '' in 1971 , and was renamed `` Induk University '' in 2009 . It is located in Nowon-gu , along with a number of other educational institutes . The university provides a range of two - and three-year courses . Soo Jung Kimcreator of Dooly the Little Dinosaur and former president of the Korea Animation Producers Associationteaches at the university 's Department of Animation . Actor Shin Hyun-joon is an acting professor in the Department of Broadcasting and Entertainment . The university has a number of student clubs and business start-up clubs . After the 2010 Chile earthquake students from the Department of Tourism and Leisure Management raised 800,000 won to help rebuild a school in Chile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d86e6c88c9879eb61076a66d9519304", "text": "School Captain School Captain is a student appointed or elected to represent the school in some cases the title is ` Head of School ' . This student , usually becomes the captain in the senior year , ( Year 12 , in secondary and Year 6 in primary schools ) in their final year of attending that school . It is similar to `` Student Body President '' in the United States , it is the senior representative of a school 's pupils , and the school , in the community . School captains are mainly found in British Empire legacy school systems : Australia , Canada , New Zealand , South Africa , India , Zimbabwe for example -LSB- -LSB- divine grace high school in india still appoints school captains as representative of the students body . The School captain is chosen from the Lower Sixth formers by ballot , students vote in their respective hostels which are considered as constituencies and staff members also cast their votes . After election the Incumbent officially hands over his duties to the elected school captain on first day of October three to four weeks before public examinations start to enable the outgoing school captain to concentrate on his school work . It is not , however , usually used in the United Kingdom itself , where head girl and head boy are used .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43b065b8f4bd01922de6bd3145b8ba68", "text": "Extended School Year In the United States , Extended School Year ( ESY ) services are designed to support a student with a disability as documented under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act ( IDEA ) to maintain the academic , social/behavioral , communication , or other skills that they have learned as part of their Individualized Education Program ( IEP ) or Section 504 accommodation plan . In order for a student to receive ESY services , the student must have evidenced substantial regression and recoupment issues during the previous IEP year and/or there is evidence of emerging skills which are often referred to as `` breakthrough '' skills . The focus of the services provided to the student as part of an ESY program are generally not upon learning new skills or `` catching up '' to grade level , but rather to provide practice to maintain previously acquired or learned skills . In some cases ESY is focused on continuing education for students whose rate of progress is insufficient to enable effective progress during the regular school year . If a student has received ESY services in previous years the student may not be eligible in future years as determinations for eligibility of ESY services are made annually by the IEP or 504 plan ( which includes the parent and student of age 16 or older . NOTE : The mandatory age at which a student must be included varies by State but the Federal law states no later than age 16 . ) ( a ) General . Under the re-authorization of IDEA , effective July 1 , 2005 , each public agency must ensure that extended school year services are available as necessary to provide Free Appropriate Public Education ( FAPE ) , consistent with paragraph ( a ) ( 2 ) . Extended school year services must be provided only if a child 's IEP Team determines , on an individual basis , in accordance with Sec . Sec . 300.320 through 300.324 , that the services are necessary for the provision of FAPE to the child . In implementing the requirements of this section , a public agency may not -- Limit extended school year services to particular categories of disability ; or Unilaterally limit the type , amount , or duration of those services . ( b ) Definition . As used in this section , the term extended school year services means special education and related services that -- Are provided to a child with a disability -- Beyond the normal school year of the public agency ; In accordance with the child 's IEP ; and At no cost to the parents of the child ; and Meet the standards of the State education agency ( SEA ) . ( Authority : 20 U.S.C. 1412 ( a ) ( 1 ) )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b6b7495b021bfded400045236ae9d4c", "text": "Interactive Learning Interactive Learning is a pedagogical approach that incorporates social networking and urban computing into course design and delivery . Interactive Learning has evolved out of the hyper-growth in the use of digital technology and virtual communication , particularly by students . Beginning around 2000 , students entering institutes of higher education have expected that interactive learning will be an integral part of their education . The use of interactive technology in learning for these students is as natural as using a pencil and paper were to past generations . The Net Generation or Generation Y is the first generation to grow up in constant contact with digital media . Also known as digital natives , their techno-social , community bonds to their naturalized use of technology in every aspect of learning , to their ability to learn in new ways outside the classroom , this generation of students is pushing the boundaries of education . The use of digital media in education has led to an increase in the use of and reliance on interactive learning , which in turn has led to a revolution in the fundamental process of education . Increasingly , students and teachers rely on each other to access sources of knowledge and share their information , expanding the general scope of the educational process to include not just instruction , but the expansion of knowledge . The role change from keeper of knowledge to facilitator of learning presents a challenge and an opportunity for educators to dramatically change the way their students learn . The boundaries between teacher and student have less meaning with interactive learning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d12593bf9ba6fc3c7a2ee8708a75eaa8", "text": "United World College of South East Asia The United World College of South East Asia ( UWCSEA ) is an independent international school in Singapore , and a member of the United World College ( UWC ) movement . The school provides a K -- 12 education consisting of five interlinking elements : academics , activities , outdoor education , personal and social education and service . The UWCSEA learning programme leads to the IGCSE in Grades 9 and 10 and the IB Diploma in Grades 11 and 12 . The school has two campuses , with around 3,000 students at the Dover Campus and 2,400 at the East Campus . The school offers extensive sports , drama , visual art , music , clubs/societies and leadership activities , along with an outdoor education programme . All students contribute to the community as part of the service programme , which can involve service to the school community , the Singaporean community , and overseas communities . The Good Schools Guide International 's review of the school , states that : `` This school has a deservedly good reputation academically but offers far more than exam success to its students ... This is not a school for those who would be happy to sit on the sidelines ... '' . UWCSEA is somewhat different from many of its sister colleges in the UWC movement , most of which are wholly boarding institutions which offer only a two-year International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme for mainly scholarship students of around 16 -- 19 years of age . UWCSEA admits students from the age of 4 and , the majority of students are children of expatriates in Singapore . There are more than 300 boarders from 76 countries across both campuses , and over 100 students from 47 countries in grades 8-12 who are supported by scholarships . Singapore government policy prevents most citizens from attending international schools within the country , and therefore UWCSEA has the smallest percentage of local students of any UWC . There are 30 nationalities represented in the teaching staff .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa49a980bd8895af46e20cf80eb50a95", "text": "The Face Reader The Face Reader ( ; lit . `` Physiognomy '' ) is a 2013 South Korean film starring Song Kang-ho as the son of a disgraced noble family who goes around Joseon and studies physiognomy . He is able to assess the personality , mental state and habits of a person by looking at his or her face . His talents bring him to the royal courts where he becomes involved in a power struggle between Grand Prince Suyang and general Kim Jongseo , a high-ranking loyalist to King Munjong . The Face Reader became one of the highest-grossing films in South Korea in 2013 , with 9.1 million admissions . It won six awards at the 50th Grand Bell Awards , including Best Film , Best Director for Han Jae-rim , and Best Actor for Song Kang-ho .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f02958d249fa5535ea73443279921b5", "text": "Sakha-Korean School The Sakha-Korean School is a school in Yakutsk , Sakha Republic . It was founded in 1994 and in 2008 it enrolled roughly 280 students at the primary and middle-school levels ( up from roughly 200 in 2002 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1bd221fcaad3035adaddb9aa6e89703", "text": "Stanton College Preparatory School Stanton College Preparatory School is an academically renowned public high school in Jacksonville , Florida . The school 's history dates to the 1860s when it was begun as an elementary school serving the African-American population under the then-segregated education system . It now serves secondary students ( grades 9-12 ) within the Duval County Public Schools of Duval County , Florida . The school offers special curricula which include Honors courses , Advanced Placement , and International Baccalaureate courses . In 2005 , the Advanced Placement Report to the Nation officially recognized Stanton College Preparatory School as the best large size high school for Advanced Placement European History and Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition in the world . From 2000 to 2003 , Stanton College Prep was ranked first in Newsweek magazine 's list of the top 1,000 public schools in the United States , and is the only school in the nation to have been in the top 5 every year from 2000-2011 . US News and World Report ranked Stanton at ninth place on its 2008 list of America 's Best High Schools . It has frequently ranked first in the US in the number of International Baccalaureate diplomas awarded . Stanton perennially leads the Jacksonville metropolitan area in the number of National Merit Scholarship recipients , and consistently ranks in the top three in the state . The school has been named a Blue Ribbon School of Excellence . As of August 2014 , Stanton is rated number 12 of the top high schools in the nation by US News and number 10 by Newsweek . Stanton was called `` one of the premier IB and AP public schools in the country '' by Jay Mathews in his 2005 book Supertest : How the International Baccalaureate Can Strengthen Our Schools . To many students , Stanton is known for its challenging academics and rigorous standards . Most Stanton students attend some form of college after graduation , whether four-year or two-year institutions , local , national , or international . In 2014 , the Washington Post ranked the school as the 4th most challenging high school in the Southern United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf", "text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2617fbe34f0c95ade3c8d80c68e55d3", "text": "Intruders (2013 film) Intruders is a 2013 South Korean comedy film written and directed by Noh Young-seok . It was screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f08298c816566203680b32c340fe00e2", "text": "One to one computing (education) In the context of education , one-to-one computing ( sometimes abbreviated as `` 1:1 '' ) refers to academic institutions , such as schools or colleges , issuing each enrolled student an electronic device in order to access the Internet , digital course materials and digital textbooks . The concept has been actively explored and sporadically implemented since the late 1990s . One-to-one computing is frequently contrasted with a policy of `` bring your own device '' ( BYOD ) , which encourages or requires students to use their own laptops , smartphones or other electronic devices in class . One-to-one computing offers the benefits of equal access , standardization , easy upgrades , simple networking and the ability to monitor student progress and online behavior . For these reasons , one-to-one computing is a major part of education policy in many countries . These benefits also underlie the one-to-one model of One Laptop per Child ( OLPC ) , a charity that aims to issue electronic devices to millions of children in the developing world . However , one-to-one requires substantial institutional investment . In addition to the initial cost of purchasing hundreds or thousands of electronic devices , there are very substantial ongoing costs to institutions , including implementation , training , software licensing , monitoring , security , upgrades and maintenance . Therefore , the overall cost -- benefit ratio of a one-to-one model is the subject of lively debate . Many students are likely to own and use one or more electronic devices in addition to the school-issued electronic device , raising the question of whether 1:1 is redundant or wasteful . Furthermore , the ultimate academic benefits of one-to-one , if any , are unclear . According to research published by Boston College , the educational value of 1:1 depends on the classroom teacher . Some schools have even phased out their one-to-one programs because there was no evidence of academic gains . Other studies have shown some progress in specific subjects , especially in writing scores , that are correlated with the use of school-issued laptops . The wide range of results for 1:1 programs means there is no consensus on their benefits or drawbacks . Because 1:1 computing programs may have many goals , from improving educational outcomes to increasing equality , and are associated with such a wide range of teaching methods , it is also difficult to judge their overall success or value .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eaee90d9c00f469666e043a203145785", "text": "School-related gender-based violence in Vietnam School-related gender-based violence in Viet Nam refers to physical , sexual , psychosocial and verbal violence that takes place in the Vietnamese education system . Different forms of School-related gender-based violence ( SRGBV ) interact and overlap . Bullying , for instance , occurs when there is an imbalance of power between the `` bully '' and the `` bullied '' and can happen through physical contact , verbal attacks , social exclusion , and psychological manipulation . Students are bullied when they are repeatedly and intentionally exposed to harmful and/or aggressive behaviour that results in injury or discomfort .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5d301d5acc3d3c1aade2af30ac045ba6
Naomi Watts was not in a film directed by Tom Tykwer.
[ { "docid": "8716450c32e32d8d98f25b862c7e3232", "text": "The International (2009 film) The International is a 2009 German -- American political thriller drama film directed by Tom Tykwer . The film follows an Interpol agent and an American district attorney who investigate corruption within the IBBC , a fictional merchant bank based in Luxembourg . It serves organized crime and corrupt governments as a banker and as an arms broker . The bank 's ruthless managers assassinate potential threats including their own employees . Inspired by the Bank of Credit and Commerce International ( BCCI ) scandal of the 1980s , the film 's script , written by Eric Warren Singer , raises concerns about how global finance affects international politics across the world . Production began in Berlin in September 2008 , including the construction of a life-size replica of New York 's Guggenheim Museum for the film 's climactic shoot-out scene . The film opened the 59th Berlin International Film Festival on 5 February 2009 . Reviews were mixed : some praised the sleek appearance and prescient themes -- The Guardian called it a thriller with `` brainpower as well as firepower '' -- but The New Yorker criticised the development of the characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e5e68a5a934b5b3bf0c9d399bb4f70b", "text": "Naomi Watts Naomi Ellen Watts ( born 28 September 1968 ) is an English actress and film producer . She made her screen debut in the Australian drama film For Love Alone ( 1986 ) and then appeared in the Australian television series Hey Dad . . ! ( 1990 ) , Brides of Christ ( 1991 ) and Home and Away ( 1991 ) and alongside Nicole Kidman and Thandie Newton in the coming-of-age comedy-drama film Flirting ( 1991 ) . After moving to America , Watts appeared in films , including Tank Girl ( 1995 ) , Children of the Corn IV : The Gathering ( 1996 ) and Dangerous Beauty ( 1998 ) and had the lead role in the television series Sleepwalkers ( 1997 -- 1998 ) . After years as a struggling actress , Watts came to attention in David Lynch 's psychological thriller Mulholland Drive ( 2001 ) . The following year she enjoyed box-office success with her role as Rachel Keller in The Ring ( 2002 ) , the remake of a successful Japanese horror film . She then received nominations at the Academy Awards and the Screen Actors ' Guild Awards in the Best Actress categories for her portrayal of Cristina Peck in Alejandro González Iñárritu 's neo-noir 21 Grams ( 2003 ) . Her subsequent films include David O. Russell 's comedy I Heart Huckabees ( 2004 ) , the 2005 remake of King Kong , the crime-thriller Eastern Promises ( 2007 ) and the Tom Tykwer-directed thriller The International ( 2009 ) . Since then , Watts has portrayed Valerie Plame Wilson in the biographical drama Fair Game ( 2010 ) and Helen Gandy in Clint Eastwood 's biographical drama J. Edgar ( 2011 ) . For her leading role as Maria Bennett in the disaster film The Impossible ( 2012 ) , she received second nominations for the Academy Award and Screen Actors Guild Award for Best Actress and a nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress . In 2002 , Watts was included in People magazine 's 50 Most Beautiful People . In 2006 , she became a goodwill ambassador for Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS , which helps to raise awareness of AIDS-related issues . She has participated in several fundraisers for the cause , and she is presented as an inaugural member of AIDS Red Ribbon Awards .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ba2871e09a5761083bcda675271548c7", "text": "The Signal (2014 film) The Signal is a 2014 American science fiction thriller film directed by William Eubank and co-written with Carlyle Eubank and David Frigerio . The film stars Brenton Thwaites and Laurence Fishburne . The film premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on June 13 , 2014 . The film is among an increasing number of low-budget , independent science fiction films to be included at the Sundance Film Festival in recent years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1", "text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1d76ede076bb65af04d62d52fa173b", "text": "Without Limits Without Limits is a 1998 biographical sports film . It is written and directed by Robert Towne and follows the relationship between record-breaking distance runner Steve Prefontaine and his coach Bill Bowerman , who later co-founded Nike , Inc. . Billy Crudup plays Prefontaine and Donald Sutherland plays Bowerman . It also stars Monica Potter , Jeremy Sisto , Judith Ivey , Matthew Lillard and William Mapother . Without Limits was produced by Tom Cruise ( Cruise and Mapother are cousins ) and Paula Wagner , and released and distributed by Warner Bros. . Due to a very low-key promotional campaign , the $ 25 million film grossed only $ 777,000 at the box office , although it received good reviews from many major critics . Sutherland received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Supporting Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33ebae3f408f7d664b128b78a430c7ac", "text": "I Saw the Light (film) I Saw the Light is a 2015 American biographical drama film directed , written , and produced by Marc Abraham , starring Tom Hiddleston as country music legend Hank Williams and Elizabeth Olsen as his first wife , Audrey Williams . It is based on the book Hank Williams : The Biography by Colin Escott , George Merritt , and William ( Bill ) MacEwen . It was screened in the Special Presentations section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival . The film is a biographical dramatization of country and blues singer-songwriter Hank Williams , his life and rise to fame as one of country music 's most popular and influential artists . The title comes from the gospel song of the same name written and performed by Williams . The film was released on March 25 , 2016 , by Sony Pictures Classics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "710d67a57f306d66af1e69553c57b4ac", "text": "The Man Without a Face The Man Without a Face is a 1993 American drama film starring and directed by Mel Gibson , in his directorial debut . The film is based on Isabelle Holland 's 1972 novel of the same name . Gibson 's direction received respectful reviews from most critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69299cf2e0995fe698629a8d67c02167", "text": "The Dead and the Damned 2 The Dead and the Damned 2 ( also The Dead , the Damned , and the Darkness and Tom Sawyer vs Zombies ) is a 2014 American horror film written and directed by Rene Perez . It was released direct-to-video on October 7 , 2014 , and is the sequel to the 2010 film The Dead and the Damned .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf46fc2c16260c2a2447ad6d3b25962", "text": "List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews . Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48e127546f80e9a2ac0541d80222457f", "text": "The Other Half (2016 film) The Other Half is a 2016 Canadian romantic drama film , written and directed by Joey Klein . It stars Tatiana Maslany , Tom Cullen , Henry Czerny , and Suzanne Clément . The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 12 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a419e84c0428d5aa42e67d77a081649a", "text": "The Countess Alice The Countess Alice is a 1992 BBC made for television drama film directed by Moira Armstrong and features Wendy Hiller , Zoë Wanamaker and Duncan Bell . This was Wendy Hiller 's last film role . It was made with the support of WGBH-Boston and shown on the American PBS network in 1993 . It was written by Allan Cubitt as part of the BBC Screenplay anthology TV series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "907c6b7233e1e24c83843a55d64e7cdf", "text": "Winter's Bone Winter 's Bone is a 2010 American independent drama film , an adaptation of Daniel Woodrell 's 2006 novel of the same name . Written and directed by Debra Granik , the film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a teenaged girl in the rural Ozarks of the central United States who , to protect her family from eviction , must locate her missing father . The film explores the interrelated themes of close and distant family ties , the power and speed of gossip , self-sufficiency , and poverty as they are changed by the pervasive underworld of illegal methamphetamine labs . Winter 's Bone won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize : Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received four 2011 Academy Award nominations : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bf50462b5bc33bab1ac87a35d0ea63a", "text": "Tyson (2008 film) Tyson is a 2008 documentary film about the life of former undisputed heavyweight world champion boxer Mike Tyson . It was directed by American filmmaker James Toback and produced by Nicholas Jarecki , Bob Yari , and NBA player Carmelo Anthony . The film was publicly screened for the first time at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival and won the Regard Knockout Award at the Un Certain Regard event . Tyson was released on April 24 , 2009 , distributed by Sony Classics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "228a3089b5d62c3587b5e5585a6aa75b", "text": "Unfinished Business (2015 film) Unfinished Business is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Ken Scott and written by Steven Conrad . The film stars Vince Vaughn , Tom Wilkinson , Dave Franco , Sienna Miller , Nick Frost , and James Marsden . It was released on March 6 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews and was a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8", "text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe906c9ea3dcfc40f57a972049224b5", "text": "Lamb (2015 American film) Lamb is an American drama film , written and directed by Ross Partridge . The film was adapted by the novel of the same name , by Bonnie Nadzam . The film stars Ross Partridge , Oona Laurence , Jess Weixler and Tom Bower . The film had its world premiere at the SXSW film festival on March 14 , 2015 . The film was released in a limited release on January 8 , 2016 , before being released through video on demand on January 12 , 2016 by The Orchard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdffa20b1f1de8eafd89be73c79b2593", "text": "Gardens of the Night Gardens of the Night is a 2008 drama film , starring Gillian Jacobs , John Malkovich , Ryan Simpkins and Tom Arnold ; and directed and written by Damian Harris .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6f953ea444b0a6b425432d0a4d88e8a", "text": "This Changes Everything This Changes Everything : Capitalism vs. the Climate is Naomi Klein 's fourth book ; it was published in 2014 by Simon & Schuster . In it , Klein argues that the climate crisis can not be addressed in the current era of neoliberal market fundamentalism , which encourages profligate consumption and has resulted in mega-mergers and trade agreements hostile to the health of the environment . The book debuted on the New York Times bestseller list at number five on 5 October 2014 . A documentary based on the book , titled This Changes Everything , was directed by Avi Lewis and produced by Alfonso Cuaron , Danny Glover and Seth MacFarlane .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17f63184e1642cec628bc8660f185454", "text": "Naomi Clark Naomi Clark , played by AnnaLynne McCord , is a fictional character from the CW primetime drama 90210 , the fourth series of the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The character was created by Rob Thomas , Gabe Sachs , and Jeff Judah , with later developments by Rebecca Sinclair , and occasional input from McCord . During early stages of production , Naomi was largely described as a privileged and popular teenager . Prior to the series ' premiere , Sachs and Judah would further develop Naomi into an antiheroine with a number of flaws , virtues , and familial issues . In the second season , Sinclair , the new show-runner , maintained the previous developments but presented a more comedic take on the character . McCord has expressed fondness for the multi-faceted nature of the role , citing it as a factor in her decision to accept the part . Often regarded as the show 's central figure , Naomi has received critical acclaim from the Los Angeles Times , Entertainment Weekly , People magazine , and other media outlets . Reviews have praised AnnaLynne McCord 's performance and the complexity of the role . Conversely , Naomi has also been a recipient of criticism , particularly during the second season . For her work in the role , McCord was nominated for a Teen Choice Award in 2009 , and won a Breakthrough of the Year Award in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "694dada184a2cffa3c91241da5db7b79", "text": "Not Another Happy Ending Not Another Happy Ending is a 2013 British romantic comedy film directed by John McKay , starring Karen Gillan , Stanley Weber and Freya Mavor . Produced by Claire Mundell and Wendy Griffin , and written by David Solomons , the film premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival on 30 June 2013 . It was largely shot in Glasgow 's Merchant City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0685935a544143fce02074d874298328", "text": "Page Eight Page Eight is a 2011 British political thriller/action drama , written and directed for the BBC by the British writer David Hare , his first film as director since the 1989 film Strapless . The cast includes Bill Nighy , Rachel Weisz , Michael Gambon , Tom Hughes , Ralph Fiennes , and Judy Davis . The film was followed by Turks & Caicos ( 2014 ) and Salting the Battlefield ( 2014 ) , which were broadcast on BBC Two in March 2014 . The three films are collectively known as The Worricker Trilogy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a55a33c47e715a91515253b8a1539d08", "text": "Tusk (2014 film) Tusk is a 2014 American comedy horror film written and directed by Kevin Smith , based on a story from his SModcast podcast . The film stars Michael Parks , Justin Long , Haley Joel Osment , Génesis Rodríguez , and Johnny Depp . The film is intended to be the first in Smith 's planned True North trilogy . Tusk had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival , before it was released on September 19 , 2014 , by A24 . The film was Smith 's first major wide release since Cop Out , and performed poorly at the box office after receiving mixed reviews .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e7c0797e95a5a57c4929c40743a8162f
Ajay Devgn is a banker.
[ { "docid": "526fffbb0157304ffb1d09e6eac54855", "text": "Ajay Devgn Ajay Devgan ( born Vishal Veeru Devgan on 2 April 1969 ) , also credited as Ajay Devgn , is an Indian film actor , director and producer . He is widely considered as one of the most popular actors of Hindi cinema , who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Devgan has won numerous accolades , including two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards . In 2016 , he was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . Devgan began his professional career with Phool Aur Kaante in 1991 and received a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut for his performance . He then starred in successful films such as Jigar ( 1992 ) , Dilwale ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Naajayaz ( 1995 ) , Diljale ( 1996 ) and Ishq ( 1997 ) . In 1998 , he appeared in a critically acclaimed performance in Mahesh Bhatt 's drama Zakhm and he received his first National Film Award for Best Actor for his role in the movie . In 1999 , his most-talked-about film was Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam in which he played Vanraj , a man who tries to unite his wife with her lover . In the early 2000s , he gave critically acclaimed performances in Ram Gopal Varma 's fictional expose of Mumbai underworld Company . He played the character of a gangster , for which he won Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor . The same year he gave another critically acclaimed performance in Deewangee for which he received the Filmfare Best Villain Award . In 2003 , he won his second National Film Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Bhagat Singh in Rajkumar Santoshi 's biopic The Legend of Bhagat Singh . Throughout his career he has performed in many critically and commercially successful films including Raincoat ( 2004 ) , '' Gangajal , ( 2004 ) , Yuva ( 2004 ) , Apaharan ( 2005 ) , Omkara ( 2006 ) , Golmaal : Fun Unlimited ( 2006 ) , Golmaal Returns ( 2008 ) , All the Best : Fun Begins ( 2009 ) , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai ( 2010 ) , Golmaal 3 ( 2010 ) , Raajneeti ( 2010 ) , Singham ( 2011 ) , Bol Bachchan ( 2012 ) , Son of Sardaar ( 2012 ) , Singham Returns ( 2014 ) and Drishyam ( 2015 ) . He has starred in more than hundred Hindi films . Having done so , he established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema . In addition , Devgn owns a production company Ajay Devgn FFilms which was established in 2000 . In 2008 , he debuted as a film director with U Me Aur Hum . He is married to film actress , Kajol since 1999 and the couple have two children . In August 2009 , Devgn changed his surname from Devgan to Devgn on the request of his family .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "46aae0990c8b548cb22ed1ec6b025504", "text": "Lloyds Banking Group Lloyds Banking Group plc is a major British financial institution formed through the acquisition of HBOS by Lloyds TSB in 2009 . The Group 's history stems from the founding in 1695 by the Parliament of Scotland of the Bank of Scotland , which is the second oldest bank in the United Kingdom . The Group 's headquarters is located at 25 Gresham Street in the City of London and its registered office is on The Mound in Edinburgh . Lloyds Banking Group 's activities are organised into : Retail Banking ( including Mortgages and Sole Traders ) ; Commercial ; Life , Pensions & Insurance ; and Wealth & International . Lloyds ' has extensive overseas operations in the US , Europe , the Middle East and Asia . Following the takeover , the Group stopped using the name HBOS publicly . The Halifax brand , products and pricing were discontinued in Scotland until reestablished in 2013 . The Halifax and Lloyds Bank brands are used in England and Wales and the Bank of Scotland brand is used in Scotland , each offering different products and pricing . Lloyds Banking Group 's CEO António Horta-Osório told The Banker , `` We will keep the different brands because the customers are very different in terms of attitude '' . Lloyds Banking Group is listed on the London Stock Exchange ( LSE ) and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index . It had a market capitalisation of approximately as of 4 March 2014the 7th-largest of any LSE company . It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange , where it has a market capitalisation value of .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3948cc8ce58560e328bbfcc74452ba6", "text": "Reserve Bank of India The Reserve Bank of India ( RBI ) is India 's central banking institution , which controls the monetary policy of the Indian rupee . It commenced its operations on 1 April 1935 during the British Rule in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act , 1934 . The original share capital was divided into shares of 100 each fully paid , which were initially owned entirely by private shareholders . Following India 's independence on 15 August 1947 , the RBI was nationalised on 1 January 1949 . The RBI plays an important part in the Development Strategy of the Government of India . It is a member bank of the Asian Clearing Union . The general superintendence and direction of the RBI is entrusted with the 21-member Central Board of Directors : the Governor , 4 Deputy Governors , 2 Finance Ministry representatives , 10 government-nominated directors to represent important elements of India 's economy , and 4 directors to represent local boards headquartered at Mumbai , Kolkata , Chennai and New Delhi . Each of these local boards consists of 5 members who represent regional interests , the interests of co-operative and indigenous banks . A Central Bank is an independent apex monetary authority which regulates banks and provides important financial services like storing of foreign exchange reserves , control of inflation , monetary policy report . A Central Bank is known by different names in different countries . The functions of a Central Bank vary from country to country and are autonomous or quasi-autonomous body and perform or through another agency vital monetary functions in the country . A central bank is a vital financial apex institution of an economy and the key objects of central banks may differ from country to country still they perform activities and functions with the goal of maintaining economic stability and growth of an economy . The bank is also active in promoting financial inclusion policy and is a leading member of the Alliance for Financial Inclusion ( AFI ) . The bank is often referred to by the name Mint Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f45d2ccb535f734ff0b6469809ce1c72", "text": "Ajay Chhibber Ajay Chhibber is the first Director General of India 's Independent Evaluation Organisation with the status of Minister of State , recently established to assess the effectiveness of India 's development programs . From July 2008 to July 2013 for five years he was former United Nations Assistant Secretary-General and Assistant Administrator for the United Nations Development Programme ( UNDP ) . Chhibber received his training as an economist at Stanford University , USA ( PhD , 1983 ) under a University fellowship and at Delhi School of Economics , India ( MA , 1976 ) . He received a BA in Economics from St Stephen 's College , Delhi University where he received the David Rajaram Prize for the best all - rounder in 1974 . At UNDP , Chhibber managed the Asia-Pacific programmes covering 39 countries spanning from Iran to the islands in the South Pacific . At UNDP he supervised preparation of seminal Human Development Reports on Women and on Climate Change for the Asia Pacific region . Prior to that , he worked at The World Bank for nearly 25 years on a range of development issues , managing its programmes in Viet Nam , Turkey , Macedonia , Indonesia and the Pacific . He also worked in the research department on public finance and public economics . Chhibber was the lead author of the seminal work on Governance at the World Bank and the 1997 World Development Report on the Role of the State . Chhibber has also worked at the Planning Commission ( India ) and at the International Food Policy Research Institute . He has also taught economics at Georgetown University and the University of Delhi . Currently , he serves as a Visiting Scholar at the George Washington University 's Institute for International Economic Policy Chhibber has published widely , including five books on economic development and many articles in international journals and in major newspapers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bed2734eba1cc561632e50e054ad4ab", "text": "Ajay Sastry Ajay Sastry is a Director/Writer who directed his maiden film called ' Nenu Meeku Telusa ' starring Manchu Manoj , Sneha Ullal and Riya Sen. His journey started with a short film called `` 12 '' ( Baarah ) that was produced by KAD Movies And Rana Daggubati ( of dum marro dum Fame ) . In the past , he played the role of Associate Director & Screenplay writer for movies such as Rakhi and Danger . He had served as president of YOCS ( Young Orators Club ) for many years . He had been an active participant and winner at youth festivals in and around Hyderabad . To add to this Ajay has been the lead singer of Rock bands like `` Alter Egoz '' and `` Jekyll and Hyde '' . An orator and a poet , his poems have been published in the `` American Anthology Of Poetry '' . During his schooling , he had an opportunity through the YMCA to attend the ` World Championship Of Modern Western Dances ' at London and ran a dance school for almost five years before he shifted to being an ad film maker . His first movie as a director ` Nenu Meeku Telusa ' hit the silver screen on October 10 , 2008", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0c6d004e3548f552c16e13d685c4d96", "text": "Loan-deposit ratio Loan-deposit ratio , also known as the LTD ratio or LDR , is a ratio between the banks total loans and total deposits . If the ratio is lower than one , the bank relied on its own deposits to make loans to its customers , without any outside borrowing . If on the other hand , the ratio is greater than one , the bank borrowed money which it reloaned at higher rates , rather than relying entirely on its own deposits . Banks may not be earning an optimal return if the ratio is too low . If the ratio is too high , the banks might not have enough liquidity to cover any unforeseen funding requirements or economic crises . It is a commonly used statistic for assessing a bank 's liquidity . Category : Loans", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caa4f02acc30728f2a16bbce04033b39", "text": "Janek Ratnatunga Professor Janek Ratnatunga , FCA is a Sri Lankan born Australian academic . A Professor of Accounting , he is currently the Chief Executive Officer of the Institute of Certified Management Accountants ( Australia ) , and an Adjunct Professor of Accounting at Swinburne University , Melbourne , Australia . Formerly , he was the Dean and Head of School of Commerce in University of South Australia and prior to that the Head of the Department of Accounting & Finance and Chair in Business Accounting at Monash University Educated at the Royal College , Colombo , he went on to gain his MBA and PhD from the University of Bradford . He has also held academic positions at the University of Melbourne and the University of Canberra in Australia ; and the University of Washington , University of Richmond and University of Rhode Island in the USA . He is currently the Editor of the Journal of Applied Management Accounting Research . He has authored/co-authored twenty-eight books on strategic cost management , entrepreneurship , financial accounting , accounting theory and financial modelling ; and over 250 academic and professional papers . Most of his contributions are listed on Research Gate . He has worked in the profession as a Chartered Accountant with KPMG , and as a consultant for the World Bank . He has undertaken a major consultancy for the Australian Department of Defence in the valuation of strategic capabilities , and has valued the ` brand ' capabilities of major Telecommunication and IT companies worldwide . He is also a world authority on the business and accounting implications of global warming and carbon trading . His seminal in the area is titled , `` An Inconvenient Truth about Accounting '' . In 2009 he received the prestigious joint American Accounting Association , AICPA ( USA ) , CIMA ( UK ) and CMA ( Canada ) Impact on Management Accounting Practice Award . The award is given annually to a paper published within the last five years in a refereed academic journal that has the greatest potential impact on Management Accounting Practice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f0931bb2bd8b209ae6eb11d8000ca97", "text": "Gambler (film) Gambler is a 1971 Bollywood thriller film directed by Amarjeet . The film stars Dev Anand and Shatrughan Sinha .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3091fd1c0495006a41301f2f1d94010e", "text": "Rakhee Kapoor Tandon Rakhee Kapoor Tandon , is an Indian business entrepreneur . She is the daughter of Rana Kapoor , managing director of Yes Bank . She has worked as an investment banker in the United States and also holds an MBA degree from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania . She is one of `` India 's 25 Most Influential Women '' , according to India Today . She is the Founder , Managing Director & CEO of RAAS Capital ( India ) Pvt. Ltd , a financial services holding company . Under RAAS Capital , she has founded two ventures -- RAAS Housing Finance ( India ) Pvt. Ltd , a company that is engaged in providing long-term mortgage finance to retail customers , and Rural Agri Ventures India Pvt. Ltd , an incubation/project development firm focussed on verticals in the rural and agricultural domain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0921d6d284911ef0f7c4c97b6ab7afb", "text": "ICICI Manipal Academy of Banking and Insurance ICICI Manipal Academy of Banking and Insurance is a joint venture between the ICICI Bank and Manipal University . The Academy was inaugurated on 5 February 2008 and was set up to transform graduates into `` smart bankers '' in a year . It is a multi campus institution . The first two campuses have been established at Hyderabad and Bangalore . The Academy provides fully residential programmes to train selected probationary officers of the ICICI Bank . The thrust of training is to impart functional knowledge of general management and specialised knowledge of banking related subjects . Programme participants are put through a rigorous training , with emphasis on application of knowledge and overall development of personality . The training is supplemented with practical training in bank branches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80c9105220ee473c7bc5664cbc8321d0", "text": "Barclays Bank Mauritius An ancestor of Barclays Bank , National Bank of South Africa , first entered Mauritius in 1919 . In 1925 , National Bank of South Africa was merged with the Anglo-Egyptian Bank and the Colonial Bank in 1925 to form Barclays Bank ( Dominion , Colonial and Overseas ) . This brought the Mauritian operations under Barclays Bank . Since then , Barclays Bank Mauritius has grown to be the third largest bank in Mauritius , after Mauritius Commercial Bank and State Bank of Mauritius , with 25 branches and a market share of about 10-12 % . In 2002 , Barclays Bank Mauritius bought Banque Nationale de Paris Intercontinentale ( BNPI ) . This acquisition brought with it 6 branches to add to Barclays ' existing 13 branches . Barclays Bank Mauritius operated as a branch of Barclays Bank Plc until 1 June 2013 when it was locally incorporated as Barclays Bank Mauritius Limited ( `` BBML '' ) . Mr Ravin Rao Dajee is currently the Managing Director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486bc3e3b646e2b4f2713c0a1282a752", "text": "Satyajit Das Satyajit Das ( born 1957 ) is an Australian former banker and corporate treasurer , turned consultant , author and academic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6e6d426134c6d65f4b145aa7a284ed1", "text": "Sushilfinance Sushil Finance Group is among the oldest Indian broking houses being associated with the Bombay Stock Exchange ( BSE ) as well as the National Stock Exchange ( NSE ) . Established in 1982 , Sushil Finance Group is in the financial sector for approximately three decades now , and has its headquarter located in Mumbai , the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra . Led by Sushil N. Shah , the diversified financial services group has grown as one of the leading broking houses in India . It has long been recognized in the industry for its franchise model through which it helps budding investors to set up partnership businesses . The Group is empanelled with more than 50 financial institutions and banks , and has more than 600 franchisees across the country . Sushil Finance 's expertise lies in comprehensive market research and has more than 50 research products under its brand . This enables the Group to offer advice across segments like IPOs , mutual funds , equities , commodities , currencies and fixed income . Analysts at Sushil Finance emphasize on showing the real picture of the stock market . Senior research analysts associated with Sushil Finance are often featured in leading dailies and news portals . In 2012 , the Group had launched an independent insurance arm called Sushil Insurance Brokers Private Limited ( SIBPL ) to cater to the insurance needs of prospective investors . Besides , the Group has released a slew of investment related products , which cater to investors with low risk appetite .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "285f6904edf05569b6d1a04d675b3d28", "text": "Exchange Bank of India & Africa The Exchange Bank of India & Africa was established in Bombay in 1942 . It expanded rapidly and at its peak had branches in India at Ahmedabad , Amraoti , Amritsar , Bhavnagar , Bangalore , Calcutta , Cochin , Delhi , Karachi , Khamagaon , Kolhapur , Madras , Madura , Nagpur , Rajkot , Surendranagar , Tinnevelly , and Tuticorin . It also had overseas branches at Aden , Colombo , Dar-es-Salam , Jaffna , Jinga , Kampala , London , Mombasa , and Nairobi . The bank opened three East African branches in 1947 , with the branch in Tanzania opening in late 1948 . A crisis developed in the bank from about mid-February 1949 , resulting in a heavy run on the bank . The bank suspended payments in May and was liquidated in June 1949 . The Managing Director of the bank at the time , Jaswantrai Manilal Akhaney , was charged with and found guilty of criminal breach of trust for disposing of certain securities that a client had deposited with the bank .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e71cbba59d72f02a2339f52fb87122c", "text": "Banking in Australia The banking sector in Australia consists of a number of banks licensed to carry on banking business under the Banking Act 1959 , foreign banks licensed to operate through a branch in Australia , and Australian-incorporated foreign bank subsidiaries . There are also a large number of financial institutions , such as credit unions , building societies and mutual banks , which provide limited banking-type services . The banking system is liquid , competitive and well developed . For the 10 years ended mid-2013 , the Commonwealth Bank was ranked first in Bloomberg Riskless Return Ranking a risk-adjusted 18 % . Westpac Bank was in fourth place with 11 % and ANZ Bank was in seventh place with 8.7 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d319947f54504cdb7cf84fa6d2e3cafd", "text": "Aldermore Aldermore Bank is a retail bank which provides financial services to small and medium-sized businesses . It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f394c72c033bcdce53f3e382ee1ded6", "text": "Net interest income Net interest income ( NII ) is the difference between revenues generated by interest-bearing assets and the cost of servicing ( interest-burdened ) liabilities . For banks , the assets typically include commercial and personal loans , mortgages , construction loans and investment securities . The liabilities consist primarily of customers ' deposits . NII is the difference between ( a ) interest payments the bank receives on loans outstanding and ( b ) interest payments the bank makes to customers on their deposits . NII = ( interest payments on assets ) − ( interest payments on liabilities ) Depending on a bank 's specific assets and liabilities ( e.g. , fixed or floating rate ) , NII may be more or less sensitive to changes in interest rates . If the bank 's liabilities reprice faster than its assets , then it is said to be `` liability-sensitive . '' Further , the bank is asset-sensitive if its liabilities reprice more slowly than its assets in a changing interest-rate environment . The exposure of NII to changes in interest rates can be measured by the dollar maturity gap ( DMG ) , which is the difference between the dollar amount of assets that reprice and the dollar amount of liabilities that reprice within a given time period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa06500337ab29a6dbb243abb8d31b73", "text": "Raghuram Rajan Raghuram Govind Rajan ( born 3 February 1963 ) is an Indian economist who is the Katherine Dusak Miller Distinguished Service Professor of Finance at the University of Chicago Booth School of Business . He was the 23rd Governor of the Reserve Bank of India between September 2013 and September 2016 . Between 2003 and 2006 , Rajan was the Chief Economist and Director of Research at the International Monetary Fund . In 2015 , during his tenure at the Indian Reserve Bank he also became Vice-Chairman of the Bank for International Settlements . At the Federal Reserve annual Jackson Hole conference in 2005 , Rajan warned about the growing risks in the financial system and proposed policies that would reduce such risks . Former U.S. Treasury Secretary Lawrence Summers called the warnings `` misguided '' and Rajan himself a `` luddite '' . However , following the 2008 economic crisis , Rajan 's views came to be seen as prescient and he was extensively interviewed for the Oscar-winning documentary Inside Job ( 2010 ) . In 2003 Rajan received the inaugural Fischer Black Prize , given every two years by the American Finance Association to the financial economist younger than 40 who has made the most significant contribution to the theory and practice of finance . His book , Fault Lines : How Hidden Fractures Still Threaten the World Economy , won the Financial Times/Goldman Sachs Business Book of the Year award in 2010 . In 2016 , he was named by Time ( magazine ) in its list of the ` 100 Most Influential People in the World ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15396dc7f37dd4acb42c7cdb4d06db59", "text": "Anglo Irish Bank Anglo Irish Bank was an Irish bank headquartered in Dublin from 1964 to 2011 . It began to wind down after nationalisation in 2009 . In July 2011 Anglo Irish merged with the Irish Nationwide Building Society , forming a new company named the Irish Bank Resolution Corporation . Michael Noonan , the Minister for Finance stated that the name change was important in order to remove `` the negative international references associated with the appalling failings of both institutions and their previous managements '' . Anglo Irish mainly dealt in business and commercial banking , and had only a limited retail presence in the major Irish cities . It also had wealth management and treasury divisions . Anglo Irish had operations in Austria , Switzerland , the Isle of Man , the United Kingdom , and the United States . The bank 's heavy exposure to property lending , with most of its loan book being to builders and property developers , meant that it was badly affected by the downturn in the Irish property market in 2008 . In December 2008 , the Irish government announced plans to inject $ 1.5 billion of capital for a 75 % stake in the bank , effectively nationalising it . The Dublin and London Stock Exchanges immediately suspended trading in Anglo Irish 's shares , with the final closing share price of $ 0.22 representing a fall of over 98 % from its peak . On 16 January 2009 the then Taoiseach Brian Cowen stated that it was `` business as usual '' at Anglo Irish Bank , and people should be reassured that the bank is solvent . Between June and September 2009 , the Minister for Finance provided $ 4 billion in capital . In a statement on 30 March 2010 , a day before Anglo Irish Bank reported its financial results , the Minister Of Finance Brian Lenihan announced an injection of $ 8.3 billion into the bank , noting that a further $ 10 billion may be required at a later stage to cover future losses and ensure an adequate capital base . Since the nationalization of Anglo Irish Bank a number of controversies have arisen over certain business practices and loans , including loans to directors and loans to people associated with Brendan Murtagh , EMPG , and the QUINN group . On 31 March 2010 Anglo Irish Bank reported results for the 15 months to December 2009 . Losses for the period were $ 12.7 billion , with an operating profit before impairment of $ 2.4 billion and an impairment charges of $ 15.1 billion driving the overall result . It is the largest loss in Irish corporate history . Total assets declined to $ 85.2 billion at the end of 2009 from $ 101.3 billion in September 2008 . The European Commission allowed the Irish government on 10 August 2010 to temporarily grant $ 10 billion to Anglo Irish Bank - this included an additional $ 1.4 billion sought by Ireland to allow the nationalised bank meet its regulatory capital requirements in light of increased costs associated with transferring loans to the National Asset Management Agency . In 2011 the accounts for UK savers were moved to the Allied Irish Bank ( GB ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffcec5221fa171bdfa354d5e98648857", "text": "Diamond Bank Diamond Bank Plc. , is a Nigerian multinational financial service provider .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d681ffd0b7fd8a572ae354d9ed44bab6
A subtype of anti-nuclear antibodies are anti-nRNP antibodies.
[ { "docid": "68b8caeef3721c5f89534352d903ca11", "text": "Anti-nuclear antibody Antinuclear antibodies ( ANAs , also known as antinuclear factor or ANF ) are autoantibodies that bind to contents of the cell nucleus . In normal individuals , the immune system produces antibodies to foreign proteins ( antigens ) but not to human proteins ( autoantigens ) . In some individuals , antibodies to human antigens are produced . There are many subtypes of ANAs such as anti-Ro antibodies , anti-La antibodies , anti-Sm antibodies , anti-nRNP antibodies , anti-Scl-70 antibodies , anti-dsDNA antibodies , anti-histone antibodies , antibodies to nuclear pore complexes , anti-centromere antibodies and anti-sp100 antibodies . Each of these antibody subtypes binds to different proteins or protein complexes within the nucleus . They are found in many disorders including autoimmunity , cancer and infection , with different prevalences of antibodies depending on the condition . This allows the use of ANAs in the diagnosis of some autoimmune disorders , including systemic lupus erythematosus , Sjögren 's syndrome , scleroderma , mixed connective tissue disease , polymyositis , dermatomyositis , autoimmune hepatitis and drug induced lupus . The ANA test detects the autoantibodies present in an individual 's blood serum . The common tests used for detecting and quantifying ANAs are indirect immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) . In immunofluorescence , the level of autoantibodies is reported as a titre . This is the highest dilution of the serum at which autoantibodies are still detectable . Positive autoantibody titres at a dilution equal to or greater than 1:160 are usually considered as clinically significant . Positive titres of less than 1:160 are present in up to 20 % of the healthy population , especially the elderly . Although positive titres of 1:160 or higher are strongly associated with autoimmune disorders , they are also found in 5 % of healthy individuals . Autoantibody screening is useful in the diagnosis of autoimmune disorders and monitoring levels helps to predict the progression of disease . A positive ANA test is seldom useful if other clinical or laboratory data supporting a diagnosis are not present .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8d1aa47045a2112027ca2efe4dc7419b", "text": "Primer extension Primer extension is a technique whereby the 5 ' ends of RNA can be mapped . Primer extension can be used to determine the start site of transcription ( the end site can not be determined by this method ) by which its sequence is known . This technique requires a radiolabelled primer ( usually 20 - 50 nucleotides in length ) which is complementary to a region near the 3 ' end of the mRNA . The primer is allowed to anneal to the RNA and reverse transcriptase is used to synthesize cDNA from the RNA until it reaches the 5 ' end of the RNA . By denaturing the hybrid and using the extended primer cDNA as a marker on an electrophoretic gel , it is possible to determine the transcriptional start site . It is usually done so by comparing its location on the gel with the DNA sequence ( e.g. Sanger sequencing ) , preferably by using the same primer on the DNA template strand . The exact nucleotide by which the transcription starts at can be pinpointed by matching the labelled extended primer with the marker nucleotide , who are both sharing the same migration distance on the gel . Primer extension offers an alternative to a nuclease protection assay ( S1 nuclease mapping ) for quantifying and mapping RNA transcripts . The hybridization probe for primer extension is a synthesized oligonucleotide , whereas S1 mapping requires isolation of a DNA fragment . Both methods provide information where a mRNA starts and provide an estimate of the concentration of a transcript by the intensity of the transcript band on the resulting autoradiograph . Unlike S1 mapping , however , primer extension can only be used to locate the 5 ' - end of an mRNA transcript because the DNA synthesis required for the assay relies on reverse transcriptase ( only polymerizes in the 5 ' → 3 ' direction ) . Primer extension is unaffected by splice sites and is thus preferable in situations where intervening splice sites prevent S1 mapping . Finally , primer extension is more accurate than S1 mapping because the S1 nuclease used in S1 mapping can `` nibble off '' ends of the RNA-DNA hybrid or fail to degrade the single-stranded regions completely , making a transcript either appear shorter or longer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16a2ff447b739df925a197e28554cf71", "text": "List of Nuclear Medicine Societies This is a list of nuclear medicine societies worldwide , mentioned in SNM and/or in EANM . American Society of Nuclear Cardiology ( ASNC ) Armenian College of Nuclear Medicine ( ACNM ) Arab Society of Nuclear Medicine ( ARSNM ) Asia Oceania Federation of Nuclear Medicine and Biology ( AOFNMB ) Asian Regional Cooperative Council for Nuclear Medicine ( ARCCNM ) Asociación Latinoamericana de Sociedades de Biología y Medicina Nuclear ( ALASBIMN ) Associação Portuguesa de Técnicos de Medicina Nuclear ( APTMN ) Associazione Italiana di Medicina Nucleare Australian and New Zealand Association of Physicians in Nuclear Medicine ( ANZAPNM ) Australia-New Zealand Society of Nuclear Medicine ( ANZSNM ) Austrian Society of Nuclear Medicine Belgian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( BELNUC ) Bosnian Society of Nuclear Medicine Brazilian Society of Biology and Nuclear Medicine British Nuclear Medicine Society ( BNMS ) British Nuclear Cardiology Society ( BNCS ) Bulgarian Society of Nuclear Medicine Canadian Association of Nuclear Medicine ( CANM ) Chinese Society of Nuclear Medicine ( CSNM ) Colegio Internacional de Médicos Nucleares ( ICNP ) ( Mexico ) Croatian Society of Nuclear Medicine Cyprus Society of Nuclear Medicine Czech Society of Nuclear Medicine ( ČSNM ) Dansk Selskab For Klinisk Fysiologi og Nuklear Medicin Deutschen Gesellschaft für Nuklearmedizin Dutch Society of Nuclear Medicine ( NVNG ) Egyptian Society of Nuclear Medicine Specialists ( ESNMS ) Estonian Nuclear Medicine Society ( ENMS ) European Association of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ( EANMMI ) Finnish Society of Nuclear Medicine ( FSNM ) French Society of Nuclear Medicine Greek Society of Nuclear Medicine and Biology Hong Kong Society of Nuclear Medicine Icelandic Society of Nuclear Medicine Iranian Society of Nuclear Medicine Irish Nuclear Medicine Association ( INMA ) Israeli Society of Nuclear Medicine ( ISNM ) Japan Society for Molecular Imaging Japanese Society of Nuclear Medicine Jordanian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( JOSNM ) Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine ( KSNM ) Kuwait Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ( KSNMMI ) Latvian Association of Radiologist ( LRA ) Lithuanian Society of Nuclear Medicine National Society of Nuclear Medicine of the Republic of Kazakhstan Nigerian Association of Nuclear Medicine Norwegian Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ( NSNM ) Nuclear Cardiological Society of India ( NCSI ) Nuclear Medicine Society of Tajikistan Pakistan Society of Nuclear Medicine ( PSNM ) Philippines National Society of Nuclear Medicine ( PSNM ) Polish Society of Nuclear Medicine Romanian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( SRNM ) Russian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( RSNM ) Serbian Nuclear Medicine Society ( UNMS ) Slovak Society of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Hygiene ( SSNM&RH ) Sociedade Portugesa de Medicina Nuclear ( SPMN ) Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging ( SNMMI ) Society of Nuclear Medicine Bangladesh Society of Nuclear Medicine India South African Society of Nuclear Medicine Spanish Society of Nuclear Medicine ( SEMN ) Swedish Society of Nuclear Medicine Swiss Society of Nuclear Medicine ( SSMN ) Tunisian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( STMN ) Turkish Society of Nuclear Medicine Ukrainian Society of Nuclear Medicine ( USNM ) World Federation of Nuclear Medicine & Biology ( WFNMB )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3a7952dea08e56a566d1663d63dd86c", "text": "Germ cell nuclear factor The germ cell nuclear factor ( GCNF ) , also known as RTR ( retinoid receptor-related testis-associated receptor ) or NR6A1 ( nuclear receptor subfamily 6 , group A , member 1 ) , is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR6A1 gene . GCNF is a member of the nuclear receptor family of intracellular transcription factors . In adults , GCNH is expressed mainly in the germ cells of gonads and is involved in the regulation of embryogenesis and germ cell differentiation . Its expression pattern suggests that it may be involved in neurogenesis and germ cell development . The protein can homodimerize and bind DNA , but in vivo targets have not been identified . The gene expresses three alternatively spliced transcript variants .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "596ac84f428324f14e202dc1ff6ab653", "text": "RNAi-Based Identification System and interference of Specific Cancer Cells A `` classifier '' was created to classify cells by identifying specific characteristics of Cervical Cancer . These characteristics were consistent with HeLa cells , which served as the target cell line for cell death . Upon identifying these cells the Classifier would release specific proteins within the HeLa cell that would trigger apoptosis without killing or endangering neighboring , healthy cells . The defining characteristics of these Classifiers were defined by elements whose levels within the cells created markers that could be measured . High markers and low markers were established and a `` classifier molecule '' was created to insert into prospective cells , and would induce apoptosis only when cells exhibit the threshold level of High or Low markers . These classifiers would use a small interfering RNA which targeted the repressor and activator in the Lac operon . The potential for therapeutic use , providing that an efficient delivery system can be established for in vivo DNA . In vitro applications are possible provided the classifier molecule can be safely integrated into cultured cells .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8a5b1d2e85052198438a3fc0653a6ca", "text": "Nucleon In chemistry and physics , nucleons are the proton and the neutron , which are the constituents of the atomic nucleus , and are themselves composed of down and up quarks . The number of nucleons defines an isotope 's mass number ( nucleon number ) . The atom is made up of a nucleus surrounded by electrons . Until the 1960s , nucleons were thought to be elementary particles , not made up of smaller parts . Now they are known to be composite particles , made of three quarks bound together by the so-called strong interaction . The interaction between two or more nucleons is called internucleon interactions or nuclear force , which is also ultimately caused by the strong interaction . ( Before the discovery of quarks , the term `` strong interaction '' referred to just internucleon interactions . ) Nucleons sit at the boundary where particle physics and nuclear physics overlap . Particle physics , particularly quantum chromodynamics , provides the fundamental equations that explain the properties of quarks and of the strong interaction . These equations explain quantitatively how quarks can bind together into protons and neutrons ( and all the other hadrons ) . However , when multiple nucleons are assembled into an atomic nucleus ( nuclide ) , these fundamental equations become too difficult to solve directly ( see lattice QCD ) . Instead , nuclides are studied within nuclear physics , which studies nucleons and their interactions by approximations and models , such as the nuclear shell model . These models can successfully explain nuclide properties , for example , whether or not a certain nuclide undergoes radioactive decay . The proton and neutron are both baryons and both fermions . One carries a positive net charge and the other carries a zero net charge ; the proton 's mass is only 0.1 % less than the neutron 's . Thus , they can be viewed as two states of the same nucleon , and together form an isospin doublet . In isospin space , neutrons can be transformed into protons via SU ( 2 ) symmetries , and vice versa . These nucleons are acted upon equally by the strong interaction , which is invariant under rotation in isospin space . According to the Noether theorem , isospin is conserved with respect to the strong interaction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6888ad6fd8468e4b168eaf2b79199d9", "text": "Nuclide A nuclide ( from nucleus ) is an atomic species characterized by the specific constitution of its nucleus , i.e. , by its number of protons Z , its number of neutrons N , and its nuclear energy state . The word nuclide was proposed by Truman P. Kohman in 1947 . Kohman originally suggested nuclide as referring to a `` species of nucleus '' defined by containing a certain number of neutrons and protons . The word thus was originally intended to focus on the nucleus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9ad802b2e3020c6326625a6a88c0579", "text": "IgG deficiency IgG deficiency ( Selective deficiency of immunoglobulin G ) is a form of dysgammaglobulinemia where the proportional levels of the IgG isotype are reduced relative to other immunoglobulin isotypes . IgG deficiency is often found in children as transient hypogammaglobulinemia of infancy ( THI ) , which may occur with or without additional decreases in IgA or IgM . IgG has four subclasses : IgG1 , IgG2 , IgG3 , and IgG4 . It is possible to have either a global IgG deficiency , or a deficiency of one or more specific subclasses of IgG . The main clinically relevant form of IgG deficiency is IgG2 . IgG3 deficiency is not usually encountered without other concomitant immunoglobulin deficiencies , and IgG4 deficiency is very common but usually asymptomatic . IgG1 is present in the bloodstream at a percentage of about 60-70 % , IgG2-20-30 % , IgG3 about 5-8 % , and IgG4 1-3 % . IgG subclass deficiencies affect only IgG subclasses ( usually IgG2 or IgG3 ) , with normal total IgG and IgM immunoglobulins and other components of the immune system being at normal levels . These deficiencies can affect only one subclass or involve an association of two subclasses , such as IgG2 and IgG4 . IgG deficiencies are usually not diagnosed until the age of 10 . Some of the IgG levels in the blood are undetectable and have a low percentage such as IgG4 , which makes it hard to dertermine if a deficiency is actually present . IgG subclass deficiencies are sometimes correlated with bad responses to pneumoccal polyscaccharides , especially IgG2 and or IgG4 deficiency . Some of these deficiencies are also involved with pancreatitis and have been linked to IgG4 levels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5f604e919feeccb80cc08df71921043", "text": "Retinoic acid receptor gamma Retinoic acid receptor gamma ( RAR-γ ) , also known as NR1B3 ( nuclear receptor subfamily 1 , group B , member 3 ) is a nuclear receptor encoded by the RARG gene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b4a8c00a36a588b80285a83375feb80", "text": "Superantigen Superantigens ( SAgs ) are a class of antigens that cause non-specific activation of T-cells resulting in polyclonal T cell activation and massive cytokine release . SAgs are produced by some pathogenic viruses and bacteria most likely as a defense mechanism against the immune system . Compared to a normal antigen-induced T-cell response where 0.0001-0 .001 % of the body 's T-cells are activated , these SAgs are capable of activating up to 20 % of the body 's T-cells . Furthermore , Anti-CD3 and Anti-CD28 Antibodies ( CD28-SuperMAB ) have also shown to be highly potent superantigens ( and can activate up to 100 % of T cells ) . The large number of activated T-cells generates a massive immune response which is not specific to any particular epitope on the SAg thus undermining one of the fundamental strengths of the adaptive immune system , that is , its ability to target antigens with high specificity . More importantly , the large number of activated T-cells secrete large amounts of cytokines , the most important of which is Interferon gamma . This excess amount of IFN-gamma in turn activates the macrophages . The activated macrophages , in turn , over-produce proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1 , IL-6 and TNF-alpha . TNF-alpha is particularly important as a part of the body 's inflammatory response . In normal circumstances it is released locally in low levels and helps the immune system defeat pathogens . However , when it is systemically released in the blood and in high levels ( due to mass T-cell activation resulting from the SAg binding ) , it can cause severe and life-threatening symptoms , including shock and multiple organ failure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a973f435b41e46bb23892df7b6b91b49", "text": "Nucleoporin 155 Nucleoporin 155 ( Nup155 ) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUP155 gene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d83a5d34fe2d1e4ef1a9f49c73eebcf5", "text": "Inverse polymerase chain reaction Inverse polymerase chain reaction ( Inverse PCR ) is a variant of the polymerase chain reaction that is used to amplify DNA with only one known sequence . One limitation of conventional PCR is that it requires primers complementary to both termini of the target DNA , but this method allows PCR to be carried out even if only one sequence is available from which primers may be designed . Inverse PCR is especially useful for the determination of insert locations . For example , various retroviruses and transposons randomly integrate into genomic DNA . To identify the sites where they have entered , the known , `` internal '' viral or transposon sequences can be used to design primers that will amplify a small portion of the flanking , `` external '' genomic DNA . The amplified product can then be sequenced and compared with DNA databases to locate the sequence which has been disrupted . The inverse PCR method involves a series of restriction digests and ligation , resulting in a looped fragment that can be primed for PCR from a single section of known sequence . Then , like other polymerase chain reaction processes , the DNA is amplified by the temperature-sensitive DNA polymerase : A target region with an internal section of known sequence and unknown flanking regions is identified Genomic DNA is digested into fragments of a few kilobases by a usually low-moderate frequency ( 6-8 base ) cutting restriction enzyme . Under low DNA concentrations , self-ligation is induced to give a circular DNA product . PCR is carried out as usual , with primers complementary to sections of the known internal sequence . * Finally the sequence is compared with the sequence available in the data base . Note : although the figure suggests that the circularized ligation product is digested prior to PCR , this is not the case . PCR does not require linear products and the use of another restriction enzyme to cut the known sequence could also cut within the unknown region , resulting in a failed PCR .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f83c7e500bed424a7a1e3edd6eee311", "text": "Inactivated vaccine An inactivated vaccine ( or killed vaccine ) is a vaccine consisting of virus particles , bacteria , or other pathogens that have been grown in culture and then killed using a method such as heat or formaldehyde . In contrast , live vaccines ( which are nearly always attenuated vaccines ) use pathogens that are still alive ( but are almost always attenuated , that is , weakened ) . Pathogens for inactivated vaccines are grown under controlled conditions and are killed as a means to reduce infectivity ( virulence ) and thus prevent infection from the vaccine . Inactivated vaccines are further classified depending on the method used to inactivate the virus . Whole virus vaccines use the entire virus particle , fully destroyed using heat , chemicals , or radiation . Split virus vaccines are produced by using a detergent to disrupt the virus . Subunit vaccines are produced by purifying out the antigens that best stimulate the immune system to mount a response to the virus , while removing other components necessary for the virus to replicate or survive or that can cause adverse reactions . Because inactivated viruses tend to produce a weaker response by the immune system than live viruses , immunologic adjuvants and multiple `` booster '' injections may be required to provide an effective immune response against the inactivated pathogen . Attenuated vaccines are often preferable for generally healthy people because a single dose is often safe and very effective . However , some people can not take attenuated vaccines because the pathogen poses too much risk for them ( for example , elderly people or people with immunodeficiency ) . For those patients , an inactivated vaccine can provide protection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ef860cb803c6f0c9b904e74fd08fdd7", "text": "HNRPU Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPU gene .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1d2e7352ed3b2f5944ad2e42e4e8b49", "text": "Nuclear chain cell A nuclear chain cell is a type of cell that is found in the human body .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1ca0f5fc8a95975ee8495e7d8a67aeb", "text": "Epitope An epitope , also known as antigenic determinant , is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system , specifically by antibodies , B cells , or T cells . For example , the epitope is the specific piece of the antigen to which an antibody binds . The part of an antibody that binds to the epitope is called a paratope . Although epitopes are usually non-self proteins , sequences derived from the host that can be recognized ( as in the case of autoimmune diseases ) are also epitopes . The epitopes of protein antigens are divided into two categories , conformational epitopes and linear epitopes , based on their structure and interaction with the paratope . A conformational epitope is composed of discontinuous sections of the antigen 's amino acid sequence . These epitopes interact with the paratope based on the 3-D surface features and shape or tertiary structure of the antigen . The proportion of epitopes that are conformational is unknown . By contrast , linear epitopes interact with the paratope based on their primary structure . A linear epitope is formed by a continuous sequence of amino acids from the antigen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f65e9ebb2d7bc8b33a6da8865fa27b4", "text": "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia Autoimmune hemolytic anemia ( or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia ; AIHA ) occurs when antibodies directed against the person 's own red blood cells ( RBCs ) cause them to burst ( lyse ) , leading to an insufficient number of oxygen-carrying red blood cells in the circulation . The lifetime of the RBCs is reduced from the normal 100 -- 120 days to just a few days in serious cases . The intracellular components of the RBCs are released into the circulating blood and into tissues , leading to some of the characteristic symptoms of this condition . The antibodies are usually directed against high-incidence antigens , therefore they also commonly act on allogenic RBCs ( RBCs originating from outside the person themselves , e.g. in the case of a blood transfusion ) . AIHA is a relatively rare condition , affecting one to three people per 100,000 per year . The terminology used in this disease is somewhat ambiguous . Although MeSH uses the term `` autoimmune hemolytic anemia '' , some sources prefer the term `` immunohemolytic anemia '' so drug reactions can be included in this category . The National Cancer Institute considers `` immunohemolytic anemia '' , `` autoimmune hemolytic anemia '' , and `` immune complex hemolytic anemia '' to all be synonyms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a4b692ed7fde4c8ccaca1791c05bdfe", "text": "Anti-nuclear groups in the United States More than eighty anti-nuclear groups are operating , or have operated , in the United States . These include : Abalone Alliance , Clamshell Alliance , Greenpeace USA , Institute for Energy and Environmental Research , Musicians United for Safe Energy , Nevada Desert Experience , Nuclear Control Institute , Nuclear Information and Resource Service , Public Citizen Energy Program , Shad Alliance , and the Sierra Club . These are direct action , environmental , health , and public interest organizations who oppose nuclear weapons and/or nuclear power . In 1992 , the chairman of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission said that `` his agency had been pushed in the right direction on safety issues because of the pleas and protests of nuclear watchdog groups '' . Some of the most influential groups in the anti-nuclear movement have had members who included Nobel Laureates ( e.g. , Linus Pauling and Hermann Joseph Muller ) . These scientists have belonged primarily to two groups : the Federation of American Scientists , and the Committee for Nuclear Responsibility .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8846419037576e59be7b10867be6ecd", "text": "Nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies The nomenclature of monoclonal antibodies is a naming scheme for assigning generic , or nonproprietary , names to monoclonal antibodies . An antibody is a protein that is produced in B cells and used by the immune system of humans and other vertebrate animals to identify a specific foreign object like a bacterium or a virus . Monoclonal antibodies are those that were produced in identical cells , often artificially , and so share the same target object . They have a wide range of applications including medical uses . This naming scheme is used for both the World Health Organization 's International Nonproprietary Names ( INN ) and the United States Adopted Names ( USAN ) for pharmaceuticals . In general , word stems are used to identify classes of drugs , in most cases placed word-finally . All monoclonal antibody names end with the stem - mab . Unlike most other pharmaceuticals , monoclonal antibody nomenclature uses different preceding word parts ( morphemes ) depending on structure and function . These are officially called substems and sometimes erroneously infixes , even by the USAN Council itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "724af6550a6ed1fd3bc55cd418cf3694", "text": "Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin 's lymphoma ( NLPHL ) is a form of lymphoma . Some people no longer classified it as a form of classic Hodgkin 's lymphoma ( HL ) . This is because the Reed-Sternberg Cell ( RSC ) variants ( popcorn cells ) that characterize this form of the disease invariably express B lymphocyte markers such as CD20 ( thus making NLPHL an unusual form of B cell lymphoma ) , and that ( unlike classic HL ) NLPHL may progress to diffuse large B cell lymphoma . There are small but clear differences in prognosis between the various forms . Lymphocyte predominant HL is an uncommon subtype composed of vague nodules of numerous reactive lymphocytes admixed with large popcorn-shaped RSC . Unlike classic RSC , the non-classic popcorn-shaped RS cells of NLPHL are CD15 and CD30 negative while positive for the B cell marker CD20 . The anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody Rituximab has been used in lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin 's lymphoma with encouraging results . BCL6 gene rearrangements have been frequently observed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a739f5f8c79be400f0d81e47efe9a73b", "text": "Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development The Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development ( Synaction n. , or Synactive adj. -LSB- from the Greek syn `` together '' and the Latin actio `` action , '' resulting in : `` together in action '' -RSB- ) suggests that development of the human fetus , and later newborn , proceeds through the constant balancing of approach and avoidance behaviors , leading to : 1 ) a continuous interaction of the subsystems ( i.e. , Autonomic , Motor , State and Attention/Interaction , and Regulatory ) and their increasingly defined delineations within the organism , that is the infant , and 2 ) the organism 's interaction with the environment at large . This process is aimed at bringing about the increasingly well-defined species-unique developmental agenda . Figure 1 ( below ) , provides a graphic representation of the Synactive Theory of development , as applied to both fetal and newborn stages . It focuses upon the infant 's within-organism , four subsystems of functioning , and their continuous interaction with each other and with the environment across time ( i.e. , `` together in action , '' or synaction ) . The four subsystems include the : Autonomic Subsystem : Expressed in the pattern of respiration ( e.g. , fast , slow , pauses ) color changes ( e.g. , pink , pale , red ) , neurological indicators ( e.g. , seizures , tremulousness ) , and visceral or gut signals such as bowel movements , gagging , and hiccoughing ; Motor Subsystem : Observable through the tone , posture and movement patterns of the infant ; State and Attention/Interaction Subsystem : Expressed via : 1 ) the range of states available to the infant ( i.e. , deep sleep , light sleep , drowsy , alert , hyperalert , and cry ) , 2 ) how clearly it is to observably differentiate one state from the other , and 3 ) the patterns of transitions from one state to another ( e.g. , smooth well-differentiated state transitions versus abrupt unorganized state transitions ) . The attention/interaction system is set within this state continuum ( i.e. , from deep sleep to cry ) and represented by the infant 's ability to adjust the robustness and increasing refinement of an alert , attentive state . The infant uses this state to take in cognitive and social information from the environment as well as to bring forth and modify inputs from the surrounding world ; and Regulatory Subsystem : Behaviorally represented via the observable strategies the infant uses ( Self-Regulation ) in maintaining a balanced , relatively stable and relaxed state of subsystem of functioning or in returning to this a state of subsystem functioning if imbalance , or stress has occurred within the subsystems . An additional component of the regulatory subsystem is observable in the kind and amount of support offered by the caregiver ( e.g. , supporting a soft , tucked , flexed position of the infant 's arms and legs ) or by the environment ( e.g. , dimming the lights in the nursery ) . This Co-Regulation may be necessary to help the infant 's return to balance in situations when his/her own self-regulatory capacities are exceeded . Reproduced with permission from Als , H. Toward a synactive theory of development : Promise for the assessment of infant individuality . Infant Mental Health Journal . 1982 : ( 3 ) : 229-243 ; p. 234 . The graphic representation of the Synactive Theory above depicts the developing organism , that is , the infant , in constant interaction with the environment from within the womb to the newborn intensive care unit ( NICU ) , and the caregiving family 's support in the NICU , to the family in their home . Newborn infants are actively striving for their next steps in development , while depending upon `` good enough '' environments and care to assure progress along their developmental agenda . The Synactive Theory of Development continues to be instrumental in guiding clinicians ( e.g. , neonatologist , nurses , psychologists , developmental specialists , physical/occupational therapists , etc. ) and researchers in their understanding of the often very small steps in development that prematurely born and other high risk newborns attempt to accomplish ( which are major steps for their immature or injured brain ) . This theory gives professionals the framework and tools with which to identify the infant 's strengths , challenges and accomplishments . Such accomplishments may include breathing , sucking and swallowing in a coordinated sequence ; moving food down into and through the stomach and intestinal track instead of upwards , leading to reflux and vomiting ; looking at the caregiver and breathing at the same time , as well as many others . The Synactive Theory is the foundation of both : 1 ) the Assessment of Preterm Infants ' Behavior ( APIB ) , a standardized comprehensive newborn test , and 2 ) the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program ( NIDCAP ) , which is the care and intervention approach , that focuses on each infant 's behavioral cues ( e.g. , hand ( s ) to mouth , bracing with feet against a supporting surface ) in order to support the infant 's strengths and reduce the infant 's vulnerabilities . The infant 's family is viewed as the infant 's most important nurturer and is integrated in all care from the infant 's birth on throughout the infant 's hospitalization .", "title": "" } ]
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0611f989efa6d530ece4303856ba0ab7
Dirt (TV Series) is produced by ABC.
[ { "docid": "4d6b760102054f5146ed972a1eea627c", "text": "Dirt (TV series) Dirt ( styled d!rt for logos ) is an American television serial broadcast on the FX network . It premiered on January 2 , 2007 and starred Courteney Cox as Lucy Spiller , the editor-in-chief of the first-of-its-kind `` glossy tabloid '' magazine DirtNow , which was previously two separate publications : dirt ( a tabloid ) and Now ( a glossy magazine with a more respectable reputation ) . A 13-episode second and final season was announced on May 8 , 2007 . Only seven episodes were produced prior to the 2007 WGA strike shut down production . The shortened second season began airing on March 2 , 2008 . The show was created by Matthew Carnahan and produced by Coquette Productions and ABC Studios . On June 8 , 2008 , FX canceled the series after two seasons .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "50442f816f6a020d1dff5fa9b6a39143", "text": "Border Security: Australia's Front Line Border Security : Australia 's Front Line is an Australian factual television program that airs on the Seven Network . The show follows the work of officers of the Department of Immigration and Border Protection , Australian Border Force , and the Australian Quarantine and Inspection Service , as they enforce Australian immigration , customs , quarantine and finance laws . It also shows scenes from Sydney mail centre . Most of the programme is filmed at Sydney and Melbourne airports . Occasionally , the program features other locations such as Brisbane Airport , Perth Airport , seaports , international mail centres , raids on workplaces suspected of employing persons contrary to the restrictions of their visa or immigrant status and the work of Australian Border Force vessels and aircraft in the waters of Northern Australia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c817d7685778427d0e0fd7feed69de3a", "text": "Red Dirt Radio Red Dirt Radio is a radio station that broadcasts to the Childers , Queensland community on the frequency of 88.0 MHz . Red Dirt Radio is a narrow-bandwidth radio station with a signal range of 5 km . The station is fully automated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a798652b29ec8f2db0831cd11955c408", "text": "Bed of Roses (TV series) Bed of Roses is an Australian comedy drama television series which first screened on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( ABC ) from 10 May 2008 . It stars Kerry Armstrong ( SeaChange and Lantana ) and was created by Jutta Goetze and Elizabeth Coleman ; produced by Mark Ruse ( Kath & Kim , The Games ) and Stephen Luby ( Crackerjack ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20a17d18cebda9ab0edf52b41e4139ee", "text": "Toughest Cowboy Toughest Cowboy is an American rodeo competition-based reality television program that follows twelve professional cowboys as they compete in three roughstock rodeo events -- bareback bronc riding , saddle bronc riding , and bull riding in effort to win the Toughest Cowboy championship and the grand prize of a ranch in the American West . Originally created by Jac Sperling and Tommy Joe Lucia , Toughest Cowboy is a combination of athletic competition and personal retrospectives creating a new genre of television , known as `` sports drama . '' The first broadcast aired April 8 , 2007 on the Fox Sports Network ( FSN ) . In 2009 , Mark Burnett signed on to produce the series for Spike TV . Whiskey Falls composed the theme song . The show follows a group of twelve professional rodeo cowboys through a series of live rodeo tournaments in which they must ride three different disciplines , whereas in most rodeo competitions , competitors ride in one specific discipline or event . This all-around competition adds a significantly higher likelihood of injury . Each week a competitor is eliminated from the competition , until the final four competitors remain . These four final cowboys must ride a total of six animals each ( two bareback broncs , two saddle broncs , two bulls ) during the championship tournament . Throughout the championship round each competitor amasses total ride points , the cowboy with the most total points at the conclusion of the finals is awarded the series championship and grand prize ranch . Toughest Cowboy also uses a modified point system based on the standard 8-second qualified ride from traditional rodeo . Rather than scoring a `` 0 '' for any ride shorted than eight seconds , Toughest Cowboy competitors are delivered penalty points for the 1/10 of seconds they are short of the full ride mark . Each 1/10 of a second is equal to 1 point . This eliminates the chance of a 0-0 tie between competitors . In addition to the athletic competition , the broadcast include segments outside of the rodeo arena . These segments give background on the competitor 's lives , most of which include visits to their homes . There are also interviews conducted during the live competition to provide an inside look at the cowboys thoughts during the tournament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ec25ac6eb57dabf8ec3fd4e59983569", "text": "WRTV WRTV , virtual channel 6 ( UHF digital channel 25 ) , is an ABC-affiliated television station located in Indianapolis , Indiana , USA , owned by the broadcasting division of the E. W. Scripps Company . WRTV maintains primary studio facilities on Meridian Street in northwestern Indianapolis ( in the middle of Indianapolis ' Television Row ) , with a secondary studio located at Monument Circle in downtown Indianapolis ; its transmitter is located on the city 's northwest side ( near Meridian Hills ) . On cable , WRTV is carried on Comcast channel 5 , on Charter Communications channel 7 , and AT&T U-Verse channel 6 in standard definition , and on Comcast and AT&T U-Verse channel 1006 , and Charter channel 1007 in high definition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57d3043c4cf337517a70335c4629b0db", "text": "Cowboys, Sisters, Rascals & Dirt Cowboys , Sisters , Rascals & Dirt is an album by Waylon Jennings , released in 1993 through RCA Nashville and Ode 2 Kids Records . A concept album , it features Jennings singing compositions intended for children . All but one of the tracks on the record were written by the singer himself . The final song is dedicated to Jennings ' son , Shooter . While a music video for `` Cowboy Movies '' was filmed , the album itself did not chart . The album was produced by Cliff `` Barny '' Robertson , whose daughters , Becky , Emily and Joanna , sing backing vocals on it . In the mid-2000s , the daughters founded a group called Carter 's Chord .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "767df323f8334df5faee19c120551f27", "text": "Nothing Sacred (TV series) Nothing Sacred is an American drama series that aired from 1997 to 1998 on ABC . The series was created by a Jesuit priest named Bill Cain and producer David Manson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "524dc7cf8ff413e987c503e7a7403f33", "text": "Shitsville Express Shitsville Express is an Australian factual television series , produced by Cordell Jigsaw Zapruder Productions and broadcast in 2013 on ABC2 . The six-part series examines political issues such as the explosion of alcohol fuelled violence , the gambling epidemic , substandard transport systems , the current housing crisis and the pros and cons of coal seam gas mining . Journalist Joe Hildebrand takes four budding politicians on a confronting and thought-provoking journey into some of Australia 's thorniest issues . At the end , all four will put their ideas to a former Prime Minister who has dealt with many issues and who knows the difficulty of making change happen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cad8627071728e910030128f3a58ff67", "text": "Local programming The terms local programme , local programming , local content or local television refers to a television program made by a television station or independent television producer for broadcast only within the station 's transmission area or television market . Local programmes can encompass the whole range of programme genres but will usually only cover subjects or people of particular interest to an audience within the station 's coverage area . For example , a local sports programme will present results , interviews and coverage of games or matches , just like a network sports programme , but it would only feature teams and players from within the broadcaster 's transmission area . In some cases a television network programme may include a local element as well . This is particularly the case in the United Kingdom and still happens today with The Politics Show . The BBC regions will all opt-out at the same time from the main programme to present a locally produced segment . Sometimes locally made programmes that are not too specific to the transmission area , will be sold to other local stations for broadcast in their region . Historically there was a large percentage of local programming on television . Late in the 20th century this has significantly fallen . In many cases the only local programmes on a television station today will be the local newscast . The above can also apply to radio . A national radio network may have local studios or affiliates who opt-out at various times to present local programs and content . In the late-1950s , many of the early Australian television series such as Melbourne Magazine ( 1957 ) , Sydney Tonight ( 1956-1959 ) , and TV Talent Scout ( 1957-1958 ) were broadcast in only a single city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1e4a64da787d9c7f851963bef2411d2", "text": "Disney–ABC Domestic Television Disney -- ABC Domestic Television , also operating as ABC Syndication ( formerly known as Buena Vista Television and also known as Disney Domestic Television and Disney-ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution ) , is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of the Disney -- ABC Television Group , a division of The Walt Disney Company . Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication , domestic pay TV , Internet and cable video-on-demand ( VOD ) , and pay-per-view outlets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79f268545ba0db021ea9c584ba6bcfb9", "text": "List of programs broadcast by ETC This is a list of programs broadcast by ETC , a commercial broadcast television network owned by Solar Entertainment Corporation through its subsidiary Southern Broadcasting Network . Its local programming includes lifestyle , infotainment , infomercials and reality shows produced by the network itself . The channel also provides drama series , sitcoms , reality , movies and entertainment news programs . Most of American TV shows are from broadcast networks such as CBS , ABC , Fox , NBC , and The CW , and cable channels such as Bravo , E! , Lifetime , Freeform , VH1 and MTV . Several Australian shows are from Seven Network , and Network Ten . For the previously aired shows of SBN/ETC , see List of programs previously broadcast by Southern Broadcasting Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ec97a8d2d24cfb5482419c274f26eeb", "text": "Moon Over Miami (TV series) Moon Over Miami is an American drama and crime series that aired on ABC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9af2d8bcaa84652f6a294ee380c253a2", "text": "Tombstone Territory Tombstone Territory is an American Western series starring Pat Conway and Richard Eastham . The series ' first two seasons aired on ABC from 1957 to 1959 . The first season was sponsored by Bristol-Myers ( Consumer Products ) and the second season by Lipton ( Tea/Soup ) and Philip Morris ( Marlboro Cigarettes ) . The third and final season aired in syndication from 1959 until 1960 . The program was produced by Ziv Television , the company responsible for other 1950s hit TV series such as first-run syndicated Sea Hunt and Highway Patrol and NBC 's Bat Masterson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82bec92ef171a33eb45f217c81fd573f", "text": "ABC News ABC News is the news division of the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) , owned by the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company . Its flagship program is the daily evening newscast ABC World News Tonight ; other programs include morning news-talk show Good Morning America , newsmagazine series Nightline , Primetime and 20/20 , and Sunday morning political affairs program This Week with George Stephanopolous .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "736b10f475ed3884b553f4eeccb57033", "text": "OzTAM OzTAM is an Australian audience measurement research firm that collects and markets television ratings data . It is jointly owned by the Seven Network , the Nine Network and Network Ten , and is the official source of television ratings data for all metropolitan television in Sydney , Melbourne , Brisbane , Adelaide and Perth as well as subscription services ( such as Foxtel ) on a national basis . OzTAM was created in 1999 after the Seven and Ten Networks led a call for a re-tendering of the contract to provide audience ratings . Executives from both networks were concerned that the previous ratings service did not accurately reflect viewing levels for their channels . Prior to OzTAM , the dominant metropolitan ratings company was Nielsen Media Research . The two companies competed for a short time , before Nielsen pulled out . Nielsen continues to be active in some regional areas . There are ten official survey periods , of four weeks each , cover 40 weeks of the year , excluding 2 weeks over Easter and 10 weeks over summer . In total , OzTAM measures ratings from 3,500 homes , with 950 homes in Sydney , 900 in Melbourne , 650 in Brisbane and 500 each in Adelaide and Perth , with these ratings commonly referred to as ` five city metro ratings ' . A further 2,000 homes outside these five cities are measured by Regional TAM , and an additional 1,200 homes monitor viewing of subscription television in Australia . Nielsen are contracted to provide the audience measurement services to both OzTAM and Regional TAM having previously operated their own measurement service . The Nine Network , traditionally the ratings leader in Australia for many years , carried over its dominance into the OzTam era , winning six consecutive ratings seasons between 2001 and 2006 inclusive . However , in recent years , it has languished in second position behind the Seven Network , which as of 2016 has won the last ten ratings seasons consecutively . In 2017 , the metropolitan homes measured will increase to 5,250 , Regional TAM homes will increase to over 3,000 and subscription viewing homes to 2,120 . Additionally , OzTAM 's renewed its contract with Neilsen as a sub-contractor through until 2020 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a8af8e45b68f7334d67b264f03fdb2c", "text": "List of The Middle episodes The Middle is a primetime American comedy series created by DeAnn Heline and Eileen Heisler for the ABC network . The Middle stars Patricia Heaton and Neil Flynn as Frankie and Mike Heck , a used-car saleswoman and the manager of a small mining firm respectively , who struggle to raise their children in the fictional middle-class town of Orson , Indiana . Their three children include the athletic but underachieving , slow-witted Axl ( Charlie McDermott ) , cluelessly unpopular daughter Sue ( Eden Sher ) , and frustrated , odd child-genius Brick ( Atticus Shaffer ) . The Hecks find themselves embroiled in somewhat unusual events as they attempt to navigate their day-to-day lives . The series was met with a positive reception from television critics when it premiered on September 30 , 2009 , with a score of 70 on the aggregated reviews website Metacritic . On March 3 , 2016 , ABC renewed the series for an eighth season . On January 25 , 2017 , ABC renewed the series for a ninth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2483a154f05cdd995714c917222a1095", "text": "Greenhouse Mafia Greenhouse Mafia is the title of a TV program aired by the ABC on the 13 February 2006 episode of its weekly current affairs program Four Corners . The program says the term greenhouse mafia is the `` in house '' name used by Australia 's carbon lobby for itself . The program featured former Liberal Party member Guy Pearse and Four Corners host Janine Cohen , while others concerned about the influence exerted by the fossil fuel lobby also participated . The report was based on a thesis Pearse wrote at the Australian National University between 1999 and 2005 regarding the response of Australian business to global warming . According to the program , lobby groups representing the coal , car , oil , and aluminium industries have wielded their power to prevent Australia from reducing its greenhouse gas emissions , which were already among the highest per capita in the world in 1990 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd8c373c348b60904e86665cd42de481", "text": "Internet television in Australia Internet television in Australia is the digital distribution of movies and television content via the Internet . In Australia , Internet television is provided by five major pay-per-view providers , in addition to several niche television streaming services . Australia 's five major free-to-air television networks all offer catch up TV of previously broadcast content to watch via the Internet or via podcasts - drawing on both domestic and foreign content . A feature of Internet television is that a user can view TV or video on demand . Some distributors provide content as downloads , whiles other streaming media ; the main difference being that with downloads the end-user must have storage capacity for the content on their device and must wait for the download to be completed before the content can be viewed , while streamed content can be viewed almost immediately , but is not stored for a later second viewing . Whether downloaded or streamed , video files over the Internet are usually metered in Australia , with most ISPs setting download quotas which can limit the downloads that a subscriber can make without incurring additional costs . ISPs also provide plans with unlimited downloads . Some ISPs offer downloads on a quota-free basis for partnered television services , which is also known as `` unmetered '' content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df9d168667f91971b1c8cf07bc7db022", "text": "Worst Year of My Life Again Worst Year of My Life Again is an Australian children 's television series that premiered on 26 April 2014 on ABC3 . It was produced by the Australian Children 's Television Foundation ( ACTF ) and Reflective Pictures for the Australian Broadcasting Corporation . Filming for the show began on 23 April 2013 at Camberwell High School , Victoria and ended on 15 November 2013 . The show is also played on CBBC .", "title": "" } ]
fever
244737aa6d0936dc916d47cae8f81aa8
The United Kingdom does not have a parliamentary system.
[ { "docid": "8c1999004b8183f3c7b413ea0bd8a045", "text": "United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union ( EU ) . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community ( EEC ) , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "38fe1d90daf361506a260ac3ab3b0191", "text": "Church of England The Church of England ( C of E ) is the state church of England . The Archbishop of Canterbury ( currently Justin Welby ) is the most senior cleric , although the monarch is the supreme governor . The Church of England is also the mother church of the international Anglican Communion . It dates its establishment as a national church to the 6th-century Gregorian mission to Kent led by Augustine of Canterbury . The English church renounced papal authority when Henry VIII failed to secure an annulment of his marriage to Catherine of Aragon in the 1530s . The English Reformation accelerated under Edward VI 's regents before a brief restoration of papal authority under Queen Mary I and King Philip . The Act of Supremacy 1558 renewed the breach and the Elizabethan Settlement charted a course whereby the English church was to be both Catholic and Reformed : Catholic in that it views itself as a part of the universal church of Jesus Christ in unbroken continuity with the early apostolic church . This is expressed in its emphasis on the teachings of the early Church Fathers , as formalised in the Apostles ' , Nicene , and Athanasian creeds . Reformed in that it has been shaped by some of the doctrinal principles of the 16th-century Protestant Reformation , in particular in the Thirty-Nine Articles of Religion and the Book of Common Prayer . In the earlier phase of the English Reformation there were both Catholic martyrs and radical Protestant martyrs . The later phases saw the Penal Laws punish Roman Catholic and nonconforming Protestants . In the 17th century , political and religious disputes raised the Puritan and Presbyterian faction to control of the church , but this ended with the Restoration . Papal recognition of George III in 1766 led to greater religious tolerance . Since the English Reformation , the Church of England has used a liturgy in English . The church contains several doctrinal strands , the main three known as Anglo-Catholic , Evangelical and Broad Church . Tensions between theological conservatives and progressives find expression in debates over the ordination of women and homosexuality . The church includes both liberal and conservative clergy and members . The governing structure of the church is based on dioceses , each presided over by a bishop . Within each diocese are local parishes . The General Synod of the Church of England is the legislative body for the church and comprises bishops , other clergy and laity . Its measures must be approved by both Houses of Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794", "text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6718fc743993adf56fad4035c184c4f5", "text": "Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "010bf990a7fdfcd70ee29e8d654e3d2e", "text": "List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1980–99 This is a complete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1980 -- 1999 . Note that the first parliament of the United Kingdom was held in 1801 ; parliaments between 1707 and 1800 were either parliaments of Great Britain or of Ireland ) . For Acts passed up until 1707 see List of Acts of the Parliament of England and List of Acts of the Parliament of Scotland . For Acts passed from 1707 to 1800 see List of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain . See also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland . For Acts of the devolved parliaments and assemblies in the United Kingdom , see the List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999 , the List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly , and the List of Acts and Measures of the National Assembly for Wales ; see also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland . The number shown after each Act 's title is its chapter number . Acts passed before 1963 are cited using this number , preceded by the year ( s ) of the reign during which the relevant parliamentary session was held ; thus the Union with Ireland Act 1800 is cited as `` 39 & 40 Geo . 3 c. 67 '' , meaning the 67th Act passed during the session that started in the 39th year of the reign of George III and which finished in the 40th year of that reign . Note that the modern convention is to use Arabic numerals in citations ( thus `` 41 Geo . 3 '' rather than `` 41 Geo . III '' ) . Note also that Acts of the last session of the Parliament of Great Britain and the first session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are both cited as `` 41 Geo . 3 '' . Acts passed from 1963 onwards are simply cited by calendar year and chapter number . __ NOTOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f42a35590f2373868dc9b41152e2ebec", "text": "New Zealand House of Representatives The New Zealand House of Representatives is a component of the New Zealand Parliament , along with the Sovereign ( represented by the Governor-General ) . The House passes all laws , provides ministers to form a Cabinet , and supervises the work of the Government . It is also responsible for adopting the state 's budgets and approving the state 's accounts . The House of Representatives is a democratically elected body , usually consisting of 120 members ( currently 119 though recently had 121 with an overhang ) known as members of Parliament ( MPs ) . Members are elected for limited terms , holding office until Parliament is dissolved ( a maximum of three years ) . A government is formed from the party or coalition with the majority of MPs . If no majority is possible then a minority government can be formed with a confidence and supply arrangement . The House of Representatives was created by the British New Zealand Constitution Act 1852 , which established a bicameral legislature ; however the upper chamber , the Legislative Council , was abolished in 1951 . Parliament received full control over all New Zealand affairs in 1947 with the passage of the Statute of Westminster Adoption Act . The debate chamber of the House of Representatives is located inside Parliament House in Wellington , the capital city . Sittings of the House are usually open to the public , but the House may at any time vote to sit in private .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4aa3c95389de7919a02c8cdf2a42f8f0", "text": "Coronations in Europe Note : this article is one of a set , describing coronations around the world . For general information related to all coronations , please see the umbrella article Coronation . Coronations in Europe were previously held in the monarchies of Europe . The United Kingdom is the only monarchy in Europe that still practices coronation . Current European monarchies have either replaced coronations with simpler ceremonies to mark an accession ( e.g. Denmark ) or have never practiced coronations ( e.g. . The Netherlands and Belgium ) . Most monarchies today only require a simple oath to be taken in the presence of the country 's legislature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9", "text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "687a40c7ea9eabfbd9391515b3360e03", "text": "West Lothian question The West Lothian question , also known as the English question , refers to whether MPs from Northern Ireland , Scotland and Wales , sitting in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom , should be able to vote on matters that affect only England , while MPs from England are unable to vote on matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly , the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly . The term `` West Lothian question '' was coined by Enoch Powell MP in 1977 after Tam Dalyell , the Labour MP for the Scottish constituency of West Lothian , raised the matter repeatedly in House of Commons debates on devolution . In 2011 the Government of the United Kingdom set up a commission to examine the question . The Commission on the consequences of devolution for the House of Commons , chaired by former Clerk of the House of Commons Sir William McKay , published a report in 2013 which proposed various procedural changes , including that legislation which affects only England should require the support of a majority of MPs representing English constituencies ( `` English votes for English laws '' ) . Following the election of a Conservative government in the 2015 general election , new parliamentary procedures and a Legislative Grand Committee were enacted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ba38d35e1f08a524a7a51bf0cdac6bd", "text": "Parliamentary privilege in the United Kingdom Parliamentary privilege in the United Kingdom is a legal immunity enjoyed by Members of the House of Commons and House of Lords designed to ensure that Parliamentarians are able to carry out their duties free from interference . The privileges are freedom of speech , freedom from arrest on civil matters , freedom of access to the sovereign and that ` the most favourable construction should be placed on all the Houses 's proceedings ' . Parliamentary privilege is however something that forms part of the law rather than putting Members of Parliament above the law . The doctrine of Parliamentary privilege was unsuccessfully used to try and prevent details of 2010 MPs expenses scandal from emerging . In recent years the doctrine of Parliamentary privilege has made headlines in relation to the arrest of Damian Green and several cases relating to super-injunctions such as RJW & SJW v The Guardian newspaper & Person or Persons Unknown ( ` Trafigura ' ) and CTB v News Group Newspapers leading to calls to reform the law relating to privilege .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84c69541003b60f1a5f0d1dbb928dfa9", "text": "European Parliament (Representation) Act 2003 The European Parliament ( Representation ) Act 2003 ( c. 7 ) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . The long title is `` An Act to make provision enabling alterations to be made to the total number of Members of the European Parliament to be elected for the United Kingdom and to their distribution between the electoral regions ; to make provision for and in connection with the establishment of an electoral region including Gibraltar for the purposes of European Parliamentary elections ; and for connected purposes . '' The Act made provision for a reduction in the number of Members of the European Parliament who represent the United Kingdom ( see Treaty of Nice ) . Gibraltar was enfranchised by adding it to the South West England constituency after taking the British Government to the European Court of Justice . The number of seats each region was allocated is as follows : East Midlands 6 Eastern 8 London 10 North East 4 North West 10 South East 11 South West 7 West Midlands 8 Yorkshire and the Humber 7 Scotland 8 Wales 5 Northern Ireland 3 The addition of Gibraltar to the English constituency gave rise to some problems concerning the jurisdiction of the Courts of England and Wales and the Courts of Gibraltar over which would have power to hear election petitions , this can be seen by some of the discussions held in the Standing Committee during the bill stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5edf052b37f0e0281290e11b5c1917e6", "text": "Politics of France The politics of France take place with the framework of a semi-presidential system determined by the French Constitution of the French Fifth Republic . The nation declares itself to be an `` indivisible , secular , democratic , and social Republic '' . The constitution provides for a separation of powers and proclaims France 's `` attachment to the Rights of Man and the principles of national sovereignty as defined by the Declaration of 1789 . '' The political system of France consists of an executive branch , a legislative branch , and a judicial branch . Executive power is exercised by the President of the Republic and the Government . The Government consists of the Prime Minister and ministers . The Prime Minister is appointed by the President , and is responsible to Parliament . The government , including the Prime Minister , can be revoked by the National Assembly , the lower house of Parliament , through a `` censure motion '' ; this ensures that the Prime Minister is always supported by a majority of the lower house ( which , on most topics , has prominence over the upper house ) . Parliament comprises the National Assembly and the Senate . It passes statutes and votes on the budget ; it controls the action of the executive through formal questioning on the floor of the houses of Parliament and by establishing commissions of inquiry . The constitutionality of the statutes is checked by the Constitutional Council , members of which are appointed by the President of the Republic , the President of the National Assembly , and the President of the Senate . Former presidents of the Republic also are members of the Council . The independent judiciary is based upon civil law system which evolved from the Napoleonic codes . It is divided into the judicial branch ( dealing with civil law and criminal law ) and the administrative branch ( dealing with appeals against executive decisions ) , each with their own independent supreme court of appeal : the Court of Cassation for the judicial courts and the Conseil d'Etat for the administrative courts . The French government includes various bodies that check abuses of power and independent agencies . France is a unitary state . However , its administrative subdivisions -- regions , departments and communes -- have various legal functions , and the national government is prohibited from intruding into their normal operations . France was a founding member of the European Coal and Steel Community , later the European Union . As such , France has transferred part of its sovereignty to European institutions , as provided by its constitution . The French government therefore has to abide by European treaties , directives and regulations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "203cb37f97f7394bdf0bef1ec2f7a225", "text": "Reform of the House of Lords Certain governments in the United Kingdom have , for more than a century , attempted to find a way to reform the House of Lords , the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . This process was started by the Parliament Act 1911 introduced by the then Liberal Government which stated : ... whereas it is intended to substitute for the House of Lords as it at present exists a Second Chamber constituted on a popular instead of hereditary basis , but such substitution can not be immediately brought into operation When the Labour Party came to power in the 1997 general election , it had in its manifesto the promise to reform the House of Lords : The House of Lords must be reformed . As an initial , self-contained reform , not dependent on further reform in the future , the right of hereditary Peers to sit and vote in the House of Lords will be ended by statute . . '' . The Blair government subsequently passed the House of Lords Act 1999 . On 7 November 2001 the government undertook a public consultation . This helped to create a public debate on the issue of Lords reform , with 1,101 consultation responses and numerous debates in Parliament and the media . However , no consensus on the future of the upper chamber emerged . All three of the main parties promised to take action on Lords reform in the 2010 general election , and following it the Coalition Agreement included a promise to `` establish a committee to bring forward proposals for a wholly or mainly elected upper chamber on the basis of proportional representation '' . Deputy Prime Minister Nick Clegg introduced the House of Lords Reform Bill 2012 on 27 June 2012 which built on proposals published on 17 May 2011 . However , this Bill was abandoned by the Government on 6 August 2012 following opposition from within the Conservative Party . A successful attempt to pursue minor reform of the House was made on 14 May 2014 when the House of Lords Reform Act 2014 gained Royal Assent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17", "text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "675d742ba23de4ebb5902c6338645f83", "text": "List of MPs for constituencies in England 2015–17 This is a list of Members of Parliament ( MPs ) elected to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom by English constituencies for the Fifty-Sixth Parliament of the United Kingdom ( 2015-2017 ) . It includes both MPs elected at the 2015 general election , held on 7 May 2015 , and those subsequently elected in by-elections . The list is sorted by the name of the MP , and MPs who did not serve throughout the Parliament are italicised . New MPs elected since the general election are noted at the bottom of the page .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc1eb089b05bce19da005e153af85c33", "text": "List of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain, 1720–39 This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1720 -- 1739 . For Acts passed up until 1707 see List of Acts of the Parliament of England and List of Acts of the Parliament of Scotland . See also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland to 1700 and the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland , 1701 -- 1800 . For Acts passed from 1801 onwards see List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . For Acts of the devolved parliaments and assemblies in the United Kingdom , see the List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999 , the List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly , and the List of Acts and Measures of the National Assembly for Wales ; see also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland . The number shown after each Act 's title is its chapter number . Acts are cited using this number , preceded by the year ( s ) of the reign during which the relevant parliamentary session was held ; thus the Union with Ireland Act 1800 is cited as `` 39 & 40 Geo . 3 c. 67 '' , meaning the 67th Act passed during the session that started in the 39th year of the reign of George III and which finished in the 40th year of that reign . Note that the modern convention is to use Arabic numerals in citations ( thus `` 41 Geo . 3 '' rather than `` 41 Geo . III '' ) . Note also that Acts of the last session of the Parliament of Great Britain and the first session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are both cited as `` 41 Geo . 3 '' . Acts passed by the Parliament of Great Britain did not have a short title ; however , some of these Acts have subsequently been given a short title by Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ( such as the Short Titles Act 1896 ) . Before the Acts of Parliament ( Commencement ) Act 1793 came into force on 8 April 1793 , Acts passed by the Parliament of Great Britain were deemed to have come into effect on the first day of the session in which they were passed . Because of this , the years given in the list below may in fact be the year before a particular Act was passed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a7e2d9b73c450a6064e8648fa278439", "text": "Clerk of the House of Commons The Clerk of the House of Commons is the chief executive of the House of Commons in the Parliament of the United Kingdom , and before 1707 of the House of Commons of England . The formal name for the position held by the Clerk of the House of Commons is Under Clerk of the Parliaments . The chief clerk of the House of Lords is the Clerk of the Parliaments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3", "text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ebac84c6f54a7788abd4c30b1e3f9f0", "text": "Politics of Andorra The politics of Andorra take place in a framework of a parliamentary constitutional diarchy , and a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government , with the Head of Government of Andorra as chief executive . Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . Before 1993 , Andorra 's political system had no clear division of powers into executive , legislative , and judicial branches . A constitution ratified and approved in 1993 establishes Andorra as a sovereign parliamentary democracy that retains the President of France and Bishop of Urgell as co-princes and heads of state . However , the head of government retains executive power . The two co-princes serve coequally with limited powers that do not include an individual veto over government acts ( however , a bill can in effect be `` vetoed '' if both do not sign the legislation ) . They are each represented in Andorra by a personal representative . The fundamental impetus for this political transformation was a recommendation by the Council of Europe in 1990 that , if Andorra wished to attain full integration in the European Union ( EU ) , it should adopt a modern constitution that guarantees the rights of those living and working there . A Tripartite Commission -- made up of representatives of the co-princes , the General Council , and the Executive Council -- was formed in 1990 and finalized the draft constitution in April 1991 , making the new constitution a fact . One remaining , though symbolic , legacy of Andorra 's special relationship with France and Spain , is that the Principality has no postal service of its own -- French and Spanish postal services operate side by side , although each of them issues separate stamps for Andorra , instead of using their own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb3570a6c179d1a46cf2e076aef66d5c", "text": "Political party affiliation in the United Kingdom Membership and supporter status within political parties in the United Kingdom typically contain restrictions including : Age restrictions Citizenship restrictions A commitment to the party 's principles Limiting holding membership of other political parties Limiting standing against officially endorsed candidates Membership of specifically prohibited political parties Personal conduct expectations and party rule compliance Practically , involvement in a political party without membership may limit an individual 's involvement . Parties that offer a lower level of affiliation , such as supporter status tend to have looser constraints .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "712d9efe650d2d09c80b1650dc5006b9", "text": "Liberal democracy Liberal democracy is a liberal political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism . It is also called western democracy . It is characterised by fair , free , and competitive elections between multiple distinct political parties , a separation of powers into different branches of government , the rule of law in everyday life as part of an open society , and the equal protection of human rights , civil rights , civil liberties , and political freedoms for all people . To define the system in practice , liberal democracies often draw upon a constitution , either formally written or uncodified , to delineate the powers of government and enshrine the social contract . After a period of sustained expansion throughout the 20th century , liberal democracy became the predominant political system in the world . A liberal democracy may take various constitutional forms : it may be a constitutional monarchy ( Australia , Belgium , Canada , Japan , Norway , Spain and the United Kingdom ) or a republic ( France , India , Ireland , the United States ) . It may have a parliamentary system ( Australia , India , Ireland , the United Kingdom ) , a presidential system ( Indonesia , the United States ) , or a semi-presidential system ( France ) . Liberal democracies usually have universal suffrage , granting all adult citizens the right to vote regardless of race , gender or property ownership . Historically , however , some countries regarded as liberal democracies have had a more limited franchise , and some do not have secret ballots . There may also be qualifications such as voters being required to register before being allowed to vote . The decisions made through elections are made not by all of the citizens , but rather by those who choose to participate by voting . The liberal democratic constitution defines the democratic character of the state . The purpose of a constitution is often seen as a limit on the authority of the government . Liberal democracy emphasises the separation of powers , an independent judiciary , and a system of checks and balances between branches of government . Liberal democracies are likely to emphasise the importance of the state being a Rechtsstaat , i.e. , a state that follows the principle of rule of law . Governmental authority is legitimately exercised only in accordance with written , publicly disclosed laws adopted and enforced in accordance with established procedure . Many democracies use federalism -- also known as vertical separation of powers -- in order to prevent abuse and increase public input by dividing governing powers between municipal , provincial and national governments ( e.g. , Germany where the federal government assumes the main legislative responsibilities and the federated Länder assume many executive tasks ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e1131a0c83f560930b7f6b5bc384d8ba
Diego Costa fails to play for English club Chelsea.
[ { "docid": "8e54ed49634b458ffefe548fe686210f", "text": "Diego Costa Diego da Silva Costa ( -LSB- ˈdjeɣo ða ˈsilβa ˈkosta -RSB- , -LSB- ˈdʒjeɡu dɐ ˈsiwvɐ ˈkɔstɐ -RSB- ; born 7 October 1988 ) , is a professional footballer who plays as a striker for English club Chelsea and the Spain national team . He has been described by pundits as a talented striker whose main attributes are his physicality , goalscoring and ability to keep possession . Costa has been criticised and punished for several confrontations with opponents . He began his career with Braga and Penafiel in Portugal , and was signed by Atlético Madrid in 2007 . He was loaned back to Braga , and then to Celta de Vigo and Albacete before being sold to Real Valladolid in 2009 . He returned to Atlético the following season and went on to play a key role in their attack , scoring 27 goals as they won the league title in 2014 , and then joined Chelsea for # 32 million . He scored 21 goals in his first season in England , winning the Premier League and League Cup . Internationally , Costa played twice for his native Brazil in 2013 , but later declared his desire to represent Spain , having been granted Spanish citizenship in September 2013 . He made his debut for his adopted nation in March 2014 , and represented them at the 2014 FIFA World Cup .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8df5dc791940e816c8d1d22e24c6b9b2", "text": "2015–16 Tottenham Hotspur F.C. season The 2015 -- 16 season is Tottenham Hotspur 's 24th season in the Premier League and 38th successive season in the top division of the English football league system . Along with the Premier League , the club competed in the FA Cup , League Cup and the Europa League . The season covers the period from 1 July 2015 to 30 June 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5391ab2fc26e5b8a263e723441535f6", "text": "Heroes and Villains (football fanzine) Heroes and Villains is the title of a football fanzine written by and primarily aimed at fans of Aston Villa F.C. . It was launched in 1989 , and has been in regular print ever since , long surpassing 100 issues . It has been edited from the start by Dave Woodhall . Although of course primarily concerned directly with the fortunes of Aston Villa , occasionally other general football articles and humorous , nostalgic pieces are to be found amongst its pages . It was often critical of Doug Ellis who was the chairman of Aston Villa during the period 1982 to 2006 ( his second spell at the club ) . He was seen by many fans as being complacent and unambitious regarding the fortunes of the team . As with most fanzines , many articles contain much baiting of local rival football clubs and their fans , in this case chiefly Birmingham City F.C. and West Bromwich Albion F.C. However , a goodly part of the fanzine 's contents consist of contributors ' personal views on and memories of experiences derived from being a supporter of Aston Villa . Aston Villa 's richly varied history , particularly that of the last 25 years and within living memory of most contributors , consisting as it does of Villa 's League Championship and European Cup winning achievements of '81 and ' 82 , their mid '80s decline culminating in relegation in ' 87 , followed by a revival under Graham Taylor 's management which led to an unexpected league runners-up spot just 3 seasons later , provides much material . As does a further , also unexpected , runners up placing in ' 93 , league cup triumphs in '94 and ' 96 , and the generally solid but unspectacular performance of the team , up to the 2005-2006 season 's underachievements and the broad feeling of dissatisfaction with the way the club was being run . Something of a running joke in the fanzine concerns Villa 's underachievement in the FA Cup , the club having not won the competition since 1957 , with their only final appearance since then consisting of a dismal performance in losing 1-0 to the pre-Roman Abramovich Chelsea in 2000 . As the 3rd round of the competition - Villa 's usual entry point - approaches each season , many fans come to the agreement that this year is definitely `` our year for the cup ... '' For the start of the 2014-15 season , the fanzine phased out the paper publishing format of distribution , and is now available only to download to computers , mobile devices , and so on . The fanzine also spawned a website forum which remains very popular among Villa supporters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf4671f3b32390060b71a75199bd0d3e", "text": "2013 FIFA Club World Cup The 2013 FIFA Club World Cup ( officially known as the FIFA Club World Cup Morocco 2013 presented by Toyota for sponsorship reasons ) was the 10th edition of the FIFA Club World Cup , a FIFA-organised international club football tournament between the champion clubs from each of the six continental confederations , as well as the national league champion from the host country . It was hosted by Morocco , and played from 11 to 21 December 2013 . Bayern Munich won the title for the first time after defeating Raja Casablanca 2 -- 0 in the final .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a27630c356998c2bd857ae8991b98777", "text": "Álvaro Saborío Álvaro Alberto Saborío Chacón ( -LSB- ˈalβaɾo saβoˈɾi.o -RSB- ; born 25 March 1982 ) is a retired Costa Rican footballer , who last played as a forward for Saprissa in Costa Rican Primera División . A full international for Costa Rica since 2002 , Saborío has over 100 caps and 35 goals for the nation , whom he represented at five CONCACAF Gold Cups , in addition to one tournament each at the Olympics , FIFA World Cup and Copa América .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "deb6f57861bf8bcee9d009572b3e8c89", "text": "Luís Manuel Costa Silva Luís Manuel Costa Silva ( born 29 September 1992 in Matosinhos ) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for C.D. Cova da Piedade on loan from C.F. Os Belenenses as a midfielder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48115158f641bdac41bc051bcdbee2f0", "text": "1960–61 Chelsea F.C. season The 1960 -- 61 season was Chelsea Football Club 's 47th of competitive football , and their 35th in the English top flight . Chelsea 's performances and results were erratic throughout the season , typified by large victories over Arsenal , Newcastle United and West Bromwich Albion and heavy defeats against Manchester United , Wolverhampton Wanderers and Burnley , culminating in a sixth consecutive mid-table finish since their Championship success in 1955 . The club were also victims of an upset in the FA Cup , losing 2 -- 1 at home to Fourth Division side Crewe Alexandra . The season was nonetheless a watershed in the club 's history ; frustrated at the club 's lack of direction , Chelsea 's star player Jimmy Greaves joined AC Milan at the end of the season . Manager Ted Drake , his position weakened by the Crewe result in particular , would also leave the club early into the next season . Despite the lack of tangible success , the season produced a series of records . Chelsea scored 98 league goals , a record that stood until Chelsea 's record breaking 2009 -- 10 season and conceded 100 goals -- another club record . Greaves scored 41 league goals , plus another two in the League Cup for a seasonal total of 43 , which has never been bettered by another Chelsea player . Greaves also notched six hat-tricks ( another club record for a single season ) , and during the campaign scored his 100th career league goal ; at the age of 21 , still the youngest ever player to do so .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fac79b9d28cf1b50ad1fd44a17531d5", "text": "Hugo Costa Hugo Alexandre Esteves Costa ( born 4 November 1973 ) is a retired Portuguese footballer who played as a central defender .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6f4ee90dea8ae212bf022f6d8a0257a", "text": "1999–2000 FA Cup The 1999 -- 2000 FA Cup was the 119th staging of the world 's oldest cup competition , the Football Association Cup or FA Cup . Both the semi-finals and final of the competition were played at Wembley Stadium for the last time before reconstruction work began . The competition culminated with the FA Cup Final between Chelsea and Aston Villa . The game was won by a goal from Chelsea 's Roberto Di Matteo , giving them a 1-0 victory . The previous season 's winners , Manchester United , withdrew from the 1999 -- 2000 competition due to their participation in the 2000 FIFA Club World Championship in South America , to take place in early 2000 , thus becoming the first FA Cup winners not to defend their title . Despite this being at the request of the Football Association ( FA ) , they received criticism from journalists and television pundits . To keep the competition running smoothly , the FA chose to draw one team from among those lower-division teams defeated in the second round to progress as `` lucky losers '' to the third . Darlington were the team drawn . The main competition started in November 1999 for clubs from the Football League and Premiership . For details on the preliminary and qualifying rounds of the FA Cup see FA Cup Archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd793ea3fb164e114329f61a7f54772b", "text": "Sam Walker (footballer) Samuel Colin Walker ( born 2 October 1991 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for League Two club Colchester United . Walker progressed through the youth ranks at Millwall and Chelsea , although he failed to make an appearance for either club . He was loaned from Chelsea to Barnet , Northampton Town , Yeovil Town , Bristol Rovers and Colchester United on two occasions . He made his move to Colchester permanent in January 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57276a4e9a3773423a28d0a8e0171d1e", "text": "2013–14 Middlesbrough F.C. season The 2013 -- 14 Season is Middlesbrough 's fifth consecutive season in the Championship . They also competed in the League Cup which they were knocked out by Accrington Stanley in a 2 -- 1 defeat and will also compete in the FA Cup . Following a poor run of form , the defeat to Barnsley saw Tony Mowbray 's tenure at the club end on 21 October 2013 . Following this announcement , his assistant manager Mark Venus took charge as caretaker manager . On 13 November , José Mourinho 's former Real Madrid assistant Aitor Karanka signed a - year deal to become manager of Middlesbrough .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55aea0f721f6f8e0685e51a39e8fc3a4", "text": "List of non-League clubs in the Fifth Round of the FA Cup since 1945 Since the end of the Second World War in 1945 , nine non-League football clubs -- that is , clubs outside the divisions of The Football League and , since 1992 , the Premier League -- have reached the Fifth Round of the FA Cup , to become one of the last 16 clubs in the competition . To date , only Lincoln City has subsequently reached the Sixth Round , or `` quarter finals '' . The last non-League team to reach the quarter finals ( then the Fourth Round ) was Queens Park Rangers in 1914 , when the Football League had just two divisions . The most recent example of a non-league team beating top-flight opposition in the FA Cup was Lincoln City 's Fifth Round victory away at Burnley in 2017 . The last time a non-league side beat top-flight opposition at home in the FA Cup was Sutton United 's Third Round victory over Coventry City in 1989 . In 2017 , two non-League teams made it to the Fifth Round of the competition , Lincoln City and Sutton United . This was the first time two non-League teams has appeared made it this far in the same season since the establishment of the Football League in 1888 . Lincoln City subsequently became the first non-League team in 103 years and the first since World War II to make the quarter finals , but lost 5-0 to Arsenal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acbc132b3fbff5def1e512dff97145ed", "text": "2008–09 Manchester United F.C. season The 2008 -- 09 season was Manchester United 's 17th season in the Premier League , and their 34th consecutive season in the top division of English football . After winning a third consecutive Premier League title for the second time to equal Liverpool 's record of 18 league titles , the team aimed to become the first team to retain the European Cup since Milan in 1990 . However , they were beaten 2 -- 0 by Barcelona in the final at the Stadio Olimpico in Rome on 27 May 2009 . United started their season in August 2008 by winning the Community Shield . In December 2008 , the club became the first English side to win the FIFA Club World Cup when they beat LDU Quito 1 -- 0 in the final . Two months later , on 1 March 2009 , the club added the 2008 -- 09 League Cup to their trophy cabinet with a 4 -- 1 penalty shootout win over Tottenham Hotspur after a goalless 120 minutes in the final . United secured a third consecutive Premier League with a goalless draw at home to Arsenal on 16 May 2009 . This made them the first team ever to win three consecutive English top flight titles on two separate occasions , having previously done so between 1999 and 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92af7d81073d9f956dc5e0cbad7ec953", "text": "2005 FA Community Shield The 2005 FA Community Shield was the 83rd staging of the FA Community Shield , an annual football match contested by the reigning champions of the Premier League and the holders of the FA Cup . It was held at the Millennium Stadium in Cardiff on 7 August 2005 . The game was played between Chelsea , champions of the 2004 -- 05 Premier League and Arsenal , who beat Manchester United on penalties to win the 2005 FA Cup Final . Chelsea won the match 2 -- 1 in front of a crowd of 58,014 . This was Chelsea 's fifth Community Shield appearance to Arsenal 's 19th . Relations between the two clubs were hostile before the match , given Chelsea 's illicit attempts to sign Arsenal defender Ashley Cole . In the game Chelsea took the lead when striker Didier Drogba scored in the eighth minute . He scored again in the second half , before Cesc Fàbregas replied for Arsenal with a goal in the 64th minute . José Mourinho praised Chelsea in his post-match interview and felt the team looked comfortable in defence . Opposing manager Arsène Wenger admitted Drogba had presented problems for Arsenal and likened his opponents to a long ball team , who on the day played `` very direct '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a79386a0ef4f2fd2f2c7d40e028fdd96", "text": "List of Fulham F.C. players (1–24 appearances) Fulham Football Club is an English professional football team based in Fulham in the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham . The club was formed in West Kensington in 1879 as Fulham St Andrew 's Church Sunday School F.C. , before shortening it to Fulham F.C. in 1888 . They initially played at Fulham Fields before a move to Craven Cottage in 1896 . They played their first match as a professional football club in December 1898 and made their FA Cup debut in the 1902 -- 1903 season . The club also competed in the Southern Football League until 1907 , when they were accepted into the Football League Second Division . Having spent much of their history outside the top division , the team gained promotion to the Premier League in 2001 . They have since spent more than ten years in the top flight and reached the final of the UEFA Europa League in 2010 . In 2014 they were relegated to the Football League Championship . Since the club 's first competitive match , more than 800 players have made an appearance in a competitive match , of which 477 have played only a handful of matches ( including substitute appearances ) ; all players who have made fewer than 25 appearances for the club are listed below . Dennis Adeniran , Cameron Burgess , Larnell Cole , Cyriac , Luca de la Torre , Tayo Edun , Jack Grimmer , Stephen Humphrys , Jesse Joronen , Thanos Petros , Ragnar Sigurdsson and George Williams are the current squad members who have played less than 25 matches for Fulham .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0196bb0aeec2f7137ae7999c85f13ada", "text": "Vic Woodley Victor Robert Woodley ( 26 February 1910 -- 23 October 1978 ) was an English football goalkeeper who played for both Chelsea and the England national team between the wars . Woodley was spotted by a Chelsea scout whilst playing for Windsor & Eton and signed for the club in 1931 , making his debut the same year . Woodley was a member of the glamorous Chelsea side of the 1930s , playing alongside the likes of Hughie Gallacher , Alex Jackson and Alec Cheyne . Known for his reliability and his impressive sense of anticipation , Woodley 's performances were often key to preserving Chelsea 's First Division status with his high-profile team mates invariably failing to live up to expectations . So reliable was he that he kept John Jackson , Scotland 's first choice goalkeeper , out of the Chelsea side . Woodley won nineteen caps for England - all consecutive , a record at the time - and in an era when there was stiff competition for the England goakeeping jersey from Harry Hibbs , George Tweedy and Frank Swift . Woodley was a member of the England side which toured Nazi Germany in 1938 , performing the Hitler salute before the match at the Olympiastadion . His international career was ended prematurely by the outbreak of the Second World War . Woodley briefly resumed his playing career with Chelsea after the War , playing in their famous friendly match against Soviet side , Dynamo Moscow , but left on a free transfer shortly afterwards and joined Bath City . An injury crisis among Derby County 's goalkeepers saw Woodley return to the First Division early in 1946 , making a further 30 league appearances . Woodley 's career also ended on a high note , as he kept goal during Derby 's 4-1 FA Cup final win over Charlton Athletic . He died in October 1978 . Category :1910 births Category :1978 deaths Category : Bath City F.C. players Category : Bath City F.C. managers Category : Windsor & Eton F.C. players Category : Chelsea F.C. players Category : Derby County F.C. players Category : English footballers Category : England international footballers Category : England wartime international footballers Category : Association football goalkeepers Category : English Football League players Category : English Football League representative players Category : Brentford F.C. wartime guest players", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e979806df9a9af0cb1108f488955f9d", "text": "Football in Ivory Coast Football is a popular sport in Côte d'Ivoire . The national team won the Africa Cup of Nations in Senegal in 1992 . In 2006 they participated in the 2006 World Cup in Germany . The youth national teams have also done well in world championships , and the clubs from Côte d'Ivoire have won several continental titles . Among famous players from the country are Kolo Touré of Liverpool , Chelsea striker and former national team captain , Didier Drogba , Wilfried Bony and Yaya Touré of Manchester City , Gervinho and Seydou Doumbia of Roma , and Salomon Kalou of Hertha Berlin . The Ivory Coast national team won a second African cup of nations in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2a30ac50035ea0d01e043d7bbdcede4", "text": "Todd Kane Todd Arthur Lucien Kane ( born 17 September 1993 ) is an English footballer who plays for Chelsea , as a right back , but also has the ability to be used as a right wing back , right midfielder as well a left back .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "489987910bd02ef6d8329a665a9359e0", "text": "Diego Giaretta Diego da Silva Giaretta , commonly known as Diego Giaretta ( born November 27 , 1983 ) , born in Cascavel is a Brazilian footballer , as left back and center back .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e608261e9453a1a86103819e01463d3", "text": "1998–99 Chelsea F.C. season The 1998 -- 99 season was Chelsea F.C. 's 94th competitive season , seventh consecutive season in the Premier League and 93rd year as a club .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de6e6ea79995ec0e92d0bf56792688d0", "text": "2008–09 S.L. Benfica season The 2008 -- 09 European football season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 105th season and their 75th consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football . The season ran from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009 , with Benfica competing domestically in the Primeira Liga , Taça de Portugal and Taça da Liga . The club also participated in the UEFA Cup , since they finished fourth in the Primeira Liga the previous season . After José Antonio Camacho 's March 2008 resignation , Benfica did not have a permanent manager . The club inquired about Quique Sánchez Flores , Sven-Göran Eriksson and others , ultimately choosing Flores . Rui Costa led the transfer activity as Benfica continued to invest heavily , spending nearly $ 19 million on Javier Balboa , Carlos Martins , Pablo Aimar and Sidnei and bringing in José Antonio Reyes and David Suazo on loan . Major departures included Rui Costa , Cristian Rodríguez , Petit and Nélson . Benfica 's season began inauspiciously but they quickly recovered , gaining momentum domestically and eliminating Napoli to qualify for the group stage of the UEFA Cup . Until January , club performance fluctuated in their European campaign and the domestic league . Although they finished last in the former , they reached first place in the Primeira Liga for the first time since 2005 . In the new year , Benfica suffered their first league loss , falling to second place and beginning their erratic spell . Despite a sterling League Cup ( where they earned their first honour in four seasons ) , the club 's league play was not as impressive . They battled Porto for first place until March , when they had another costly loss and were passed by Sporting CP . Benfica tried to retake second place in the remaining eight matches , but in early May , the club dropped five points , sealing their fate ; they finished third , missing the UEFA Champions League for a second consecutive season .", "title": "" } ]
fever
667dc4937fa5bc54788a0f23ed179ecd
Indiana Jones has been played by American actor River Phoenix.
[ { "docid": "8722a16e8520ad5a051b2f62f781a48c", "text": "Indiana Jones Henry Walton `` Indiana '' Jones Jr. ( also shortened to Indy ) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the Indiana Jones franchise . George Lucas created the character in homage to the action heroes of 1930s film serials . The character first appeared in the 1981 film Raiders of the Lost Ark , to be followed by Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom in 1984 , Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade in 1989 , The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles from 1992 to 1996 , and Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull in 2008 . The character is also featured in novels , comics , video games , and other media . Jones is also featured in the Disney theme park attraction , Indiana Jones Adventure at Disneyland and Tokyo DisneySea , as well as the Disneyland Paris attraction Indiana Jones et le Temple du Péril . Jones is most famously played by Harrison Ford and has also been portrayed by River Phoenix ( as the young Jones in The Last Crusade ) and in the television series The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles by Corey Carrier , Sean Patrick Flanery , and George Hall . Doug Lee has supplied the voice of Jones for two LucasArts video games , Indiana Jones and the Fate of Atlantis and Indiana Jones and the Infernal Machine , David Esch supplied his voice for Indiana Jones and the Emperor 's Tomb , and John Armstrong for Indiana Jones and the Staff of Kings . The character is distinguished by his appearance ( bullwhip , fedora , satchel and leather jacket ) , sense of humor , deep knowledge of many ancient civilizations and languages , and fear of snakes . Since his first appearance in Raiders of the Lost Ark , Indiana Jones has become one of cinema 's most famous characters . In 2003 , the American Film Institute ranked him the second greatest film hero of all time . He was also named the 6th Greatest Movie Character by Empire magazine . Entertainment Weekly ranked Indy 2nd on their list of The All-Time Coolest Heroes in Pop Culture . Premiere magazine also placed Indy at number 7 on their list of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "99030278841da51b93bf01fce1ce938c", "text": "Ethan Wayne Ethan Wayne ( born February 22 , 1962 ) is an American actor , son of actor John Wayne and his third wife Pilar Pallete Wayne . Ethan grew up in Newport Beach , where he shared his father 's love of the ocean and outdoors . His name was chosen in direct relation to John Wayne 's character in The Searchers , Ethan Edwards . He played Little Jake , the grandson of his father 's title character in Big Jake . Ethan started doing stunt work after the death of his father in 1979 . His first film was The Blues Brothers . He then went back to work as an actor . His next two major film appearances were in 1981 , in the comedy Longshot , and the slasher film Scream . Later works included a role , in the NBC TV movie The Alamo : 13 Days to Glory , as Edward Taylor in 1986 , Storm Logan on the CBS soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful ( with Robert Mitchum 's granddaughter Carrie Mitchum , whom he had met on the Big Jake set ) , 1987 through 1988 which led to a lot of work overseas , and his role as Officer Matt Doyle on The New Adam-12 ( Universal Studios ) 1989 through 1991 . He appeared as an expert on John Wayne memorabilia on History Channel 's Pawn Stars in the episode `` Dog Day Afternoon '' which aired January 14 , 2014 . He now manages John Wayne Enterprises ( www.johnwayne.com ) and serves as the director of the John Wayne Cancer Foundation and created its Team DUKE fundraising program ( www.teamduke.org ) . He is the brother of Aissa and Marisa , and the half-brother of Patrick , Toni , Melinda , and Michael Wayne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a857179715723647d96b1f2b7e9d8bd7", "text": "Jan Tříska Jan Triska or Jan Tříska ( -LSB- ˈjan ˈtr̝̊iːska -RSB- ; 4 November 1936 ) is a Czech actor , most notable for portraying Captain Henry Wirz in the American television film Andersonville .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08457daae1a4893dbe3cf42bcaad6c69", "text": "Seymour Cassel Seymour Joseph Cassel ( born January 22 , 1935 ) is an American actor . Cassel first came to prominence in the 1960s in the pioneering independent films of writer/director John Cassavetes . The first of these was Too Late Blues ( 1961 ) , followed by Faces ( 1968 ) , for which he was nominated for an Academy Award and won a National Society of Film Critics Award . Cassel went on to appear in Cassavetes ' Minnie and Moskowitz ( 1971 ) , The Killing of a Chinese Bookie ( 1976 ) , Opening Night ( 1977 ) and Love Streams ( 1984 ) . He has further appeared in a number of independent and Hollywood film productions . Notable titles include Coogan 's Bluff ( 1968 ) , The Last Tycoon ( 1976 ) , Valentino ( 1977 ) , Johnny Be Good ( 1988 ) , Mobsters ( 1991 ) , In the Soup ( 1992 ) , Honeymoon in Vegas ( 1992 ) , Indecent Proposal ( 1993 ) , Beer League ( 2006 ) and Fort McCoy ( 2011 ) . Like Cassavetes , Wes Anderson has frequently cast Cassel , first in Rushmore ( 1998 ) and then in The Royal Tenenbaums ( 2001 ) and The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e9b699ba4893e25acc9e2c035ed849", "text": "Kentucky Jones Kentucky Jones is a half-hour comedy/drama starring Dennis Weaver as Kenneth Yarborough `` K.Y. or Kentucky '' Jones , D.V.M. , a recently widowed former horse trainer and active horse farm owner , who becomes the guardian of Dwight Eisenhower `` Ike '' Wong , a 10-year-old Chinese orphan , played by Ricky Der . Harry Morgan , previously of the CBS sitcoms December Bride and Pete and Gladys , was featured in the series as Seldom Jackson , a former jockey who assists Dr. Jones . Cherylene Lee appears as Annie Ng , Ike 's friend . Arthur Wong portrays Mr. Ng , Annie 's father . Keye Luke ( 1904-1991 ) stars as Mr. Wong , a friend of Dr. Jones . Nancy Rennick ( 1932-2006 ) appears as Miss Throncroft , a social worker . Kentucky Jones , which ran on NBC from September 19 , 1964 , to September 11 , 1965 , was the first of four television series starring Weaver after he left the role of the marshall 's helper Chester Goode on CBS 's western classic Gunsmoke . Richard Bull , who later portrayed the henpecked storekeeper Nels Oleson on NBC 's Little House on the Prairie , appeared twice on Kentucky Jones as Harold Erkel in episodes entitled `` The Victim '' and `` The Return of Wong Lee '' ( also with Malcolm Atterbury ) . Other selected episodes and guest stars include : `` Hello Ike '' , the series premiere , with Diane Brewster and Marlyn Mason as Doris Caine , `` Spare the Rod '' ( Paul Fix as Judge Perkins ) , `` Wildcat Soup '' ( Tyler McVey ) , `` Ike 's Song '' ( Pat Harrington , Jr. ) , `` The Big Shot '' ( Harry Townes ) , `` The Music Kids Make '' ( Philip Abbott and Robby Weaver ( born 1953 ) , Dennis Weaver 's son ) , `` The Big Speech '' ( Charles Lane ) , `` Feminine Intrusion '' ( Spring Byington , of December Bride and Laramie , as Mrs. Jolly , hired by Dr. Jones to cook a meal as payment of a debt ) , `` Most Precious Gold '' ( Strother Martin ; episode focuses on a camping trip ) , and `` Kentucky 's Vacation '' ( Yvonne Craig ) , the series finale . A Buzz Kulik Production in association with NBC , Kentucky Jones was filmed at Desilu Studios in Culver City , California . The series first aired on Saturdays at 8:30 Eastern from September 19 to December 26 . It switched to 7 p.m. on January 2 for the remainder of its run through September 11 , 1965 . Rebroadcasts began on April 17 . In the 8:30 slot , the program faced competition from the first season of the CBS sitcom Gilligan 's Island , with Alan Hale , Jr. , and Bob Denver , and the first half of ABC 's The Lawrence Welk Show . In the move to a half-hour earlier , having swapped time slots with The Famous Adventures of Mr. Magoo , CBS offered The Jackie Gleason Show , and ABC aired the science fiction series , The Outer Limits . In the second time slot , Kentucky Jones followed the NBC adventure series Flipper starring Brian Kelly . After Kentucky Jones , young Der ( born ca. 1954 ) acted only one more time , as Mickey in a 1965 episode `` So Long , Patrick Henry '' of NBC 's I Spy starring Bill Cosby and Robert Culp . In January 1967 , Harry Morgan advanced to Jack Webb 's second version of Dragnet in the role of Officer Bill Gannon , and later , on M * A * S * H as Col. Sherman T. Potter . In September of that year , Weaver starred with child actor Clint Howard in the CBS family drama Gentle Ben .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d698ed9bc14db99bc46568a252539259", "text": "Will Smith Willard Carroll Smith Jr. ( born September 15 , 1968 ) is an American actor , producer , rapper , and songwriter . In April 2007 , Newsweek called him `` the most powerful actor in Hollywood '' . Smith has been nominated for five Golden Globe Awards and two Academy Awards , and has won four Grammy Awards . In the late 1980s , Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince . In 1990 , his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular NBC television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , which ran for six seasons until 1996 . After the series ended , Smith transitioned from television to film , and has gone on to star in numerous blockbuster films . He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $ 100 million in the domestic box office , eleven consecutive films gross over $ 150 million internationally , and eight consecutive films in which he starred open at the number one spot in the domestic box office tally . Smith has been ranked as the most bankable star worldwide by Forbes . As of 2014 , 17 of the 21 films in which he has had leading roles have accumulated worldwide gross earnings of over $ 100 million each , five taking in over $ 500 million each in global box office receipts . As of 2016 , his films have grossed $ 7.5 billion at the global box office . For his performances as boxer Muhammad Ali in Ali ( 2001 ) and stockbroker Chris Gardner in The Pursuit of Happyness ( 2006 ) , Smith received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afe08edec9c6f37688374ff5272d5e9a", "text": "The Revolutionary The Revolutionary is a 1970 political drama film directed by Paul Williams . The screenplay was written by Hans Koning ( credited as Hans Koningsberger ) , based on his novel of the same name . It was the film debut for actor Jeffrey Jones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d52514e833b02605de732008dd7a6b14", "text": "Daniel H. Jenkins Daniel H. Jenkins ( born January 17 , 1963 ) is an American actor , the son of Ken Jenkins and Joan Patchen . He was nominated for a Tony Award in 1985 for his role as Huckleberry Finn in Big River , his Broadway debut after he spent two years working with Actors Theatre in Louisville , Kentucky . In 2003 , he performed in the Tony nominated Deaf West signed revival of Big River '' , this time portraying Mark Twain and also performing as the voice for signed character Huckleberry Finn , He also has had notable performances in other Broadway musicals Mary Poppins and Billy Elliot . He also played one of the lead roles in Robert Altman 's film O.C. and Stiggs , shot in 1984 but not released until 1988 , and again worked with Altman in his 1988 miniseries Tanner ' 88 . On HBO he was memorable on the cable channel 's adventure film Florida Straits costarring alongside seasoned stars Raul Julia and Fred Ward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c39e31f57e1689a23c62d9014aa3f2c0", "text": "Miles Anderson Miles Anderson ( born 23 October 1947 ) is a Zimbabwean stage and television actor , who has appeared in television serials both in the United Kingdom , and North America . He recently appeared as Martin Millar , in the BBC soap opera Doctors . Born in 1947 in Rhodesia , now Zimbabwe , Anderson was educated at Prince Edward School . His father commanded the Rhodesian Army and his mother Daphne , wrote a memoir of her difficult childhood in Rhodesia . He has appeared in the US television series , Criminal Minds , as well as the ongoing show Ultimate Force as Colonel Aiden Dempsey . He had previously played Lt. Col. Dan Fortune in ITV 's Soldier Soldier ( series 1 and 2 only , 1991 -- 92 ) . He was awarded the 1982 London Critics ' Circle Drama Theatre Award for Best Supporting Actor of 1981 for his performances in The Twin Rivals and The Witch of Edmonton . His numerous performances for television include Fall of Eagles , Z-Cars , The Sweeney . Campion , House of Cards , Oliver 's Travels , Every Woman Knows a Secret and Holby City . Anderson has also appeared in two episodes of Midsomer Murders entitled `` Death In Disguise '' and `` Last Year 's Model '' , and was the voice of Poseidon in the 1997 TV adaptation of The Odyssey . Most recently he was seen as Major Marchbanks in the BBC adaptation of Philip Pullman 's The Ruby in the Smoke and he appeared in 2007 in the sixth series of the crime-drama Waking the Dead . In 2008 , he made a brief appearance as Edward Tunstall in the BBC 's EastEnders . He narrated the Sky1 version of the New Zealand documentary The Lion Man and appeared in an episode of A Touch of Frost . In 2010 , Anderson appeared as the title character in The Madness of George III mounted by director Adrian Noble at San Diego 's Old Globe Theatre . He won the San Diego 's Critics ' Circle award for Best Actor . In 2011 , he played Prospero in The Tempest and Salieri in Amadeus , both directed by Noble . In 2013 he again won the San Diego Critic 's Circle Award for his Shylock in Adrian Noble 's production of Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice . In 2015 he appeared as Renard in the BBC TV series The Musketeers episode 2.5 `` The Return '' . His film credits include roles in The Thirty Nine Steps ( 1978 ) , The Shillingbury Blowers ( 1980 ) , Sky Bandits ( 1986 ) and Cry Freedom ( 1987 ) , among others . He is an associate member of RADA and the father of actor Joe Anderson and Max Anderson the 2006 and 2011 World Streetboard Champion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93c4f3d9c3d67d067517bd71dbf9172b", "text": "Peter Greene Peter Greene ( born Peter Green ; October 8 , 1965 ) is an American character actor , generally known for playing villains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "335d41cfcb1647e68511e8b881a662d3", "text": "Doug Toby Doug Toby ( born Douglas Alan Zahn , July 13 , 1964 ) is an American actor , perhaps best known for his roles as Aardvark in the 1984 movie Red Dawn or Louie in Summer Camp Nightmare . In Red Dawn , his character shouted `` Wolverines '' after a successful attack on a Soviet convoy . Toby appeared in the 1984 mini-series The Mystic Warrior as the young Ahbleza , the series main character . He has also appeared on television in episodes of The Master ( TV series ) , Hill Street Blues , Hunter , Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman and The Rockford Files as well as roles on made for TV movies such as The Kid with the Broken Halo and Drag Strip Girl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03f2b308d0d171a0efe5bc90b5446344", "text": "Robert Duvall Robert Selden Duvall ( -LSB- duːˈvɔːl -RSB- born January 5 , 1931 ) is an American actor and filmmaker . He has been nominated for seven Academy Awards ( winning for his performance in Tender Mercies ) , seven Golden Globes ( winning four ) , and has multiple nominations and one win each of the BAFTA , Screen Actors Guild Award , and Emmy Award . He received the National Medal of Arts in 2005 . Duvall has starred in numerous films and television series , including To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) , The Twilight Zone ( 1963 ) , The Outer Limits ( 1964 ) , Bullitt ( 1968 ) , True Grit ( 1969 ) , MASH ( 1970 ) , THX 1138 ( 1971 ) , Joe Kidd ( 1972 ) , The Godfather ( 1972 ) , The Godfather Part II ( 1974 ) , The Conversation ( 1974 ) , Network ( 1976 ) , Apocalypse Now ( 1979 ) , The Great Santini ( 1979 ) , Lonesome Dove ( 1989 ) , The Handmaid 's Tale ( 1990 ) , Rambling Rose ( 1991 ) , and Falling Down ( 1993 ) . Duvall began appearing in theatre during the late 1950s , moving into television and film roles during the early 1960s , playing Boo Radley in To Kill a Mockingbird ( 1962 ) and appearing in Captain Newman , M.D. ( 1963 ) . He landed many of his most famous roles during the early 1970s , such as Major Frank Burns in the blockbuster comedy MASH ( 1970 ) and the lead role in THX 1138 ( 1971 ) , as well as Horton Foote 's adaptation of William Faulkner 's Tomorrow ( 1972 ) , which was developed at The Actors Studio and is Duvall 's personal favorite . This was followed by a series of critically lauded performances in commercially successful films . Since then , Duvall has continued to act in both film and television with such productions as Tender Mercies ( 1983 ) , The Natural ( 1984 ) , Colors ( 1988 ) , the television mini-series Lonesome Dove ( 1989 ) , Stalin ( 1992 ) , The Man Who Captured Eichmann ( 1996 ) , A Family Thing ( 1996 ) , The Apostle ( 1997 ) , A Civil Action ( 1998 ) , Deep Impact ( 1998 ) , Gods and Generals ( 2003 ) , Secondhand Lions ( 2003 ) , Broken Trail ( 2006 ) , Get Low ( 2010 ) , Jack Reacher ( 2012 ) , and The Judge ( 2014 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e281237a1da91775b3ccfad50e78ab4", "text": "Arthur Anderson (actor) Arthur John Miles Anderson ( August 29 , 1922 -- April 9 , 2016 ) was an American actor of radio , film , television , and stage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e", "text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37d4ede7e67ddee6d40baa4e18f89fb9", "text": "Summer Phoenix Summer Joy Phoenix ( born Summer Joy Bottom ; December 10 , 1978 ) is an American actress , model and designer . She is the youngest sibling of actors/actresses Rain Phoenix , Joaquin Phoenix , Liberty Phoenix , and River Phoenix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "656c988248cc4a4bf2d4110878815109", "text": "Robert Dunham Robert Dunham ( July 6 , 1931 -- August 6 , 2001 ) was an American actor , entrepreneur , writer , racecar driver , journalist , and a US Marine . He is probably best known for his role as Antonio , Emperor of Seatopia in Godzilla vs. Megalon ( 1973 ) ; Dunham 's biggest role would be that of Mark Jackson in the Japanese film , Dogora ( 1964 ) and Captain Martin in The Green Slime ( 1968 ) . Dunham was an American living in Japan during most of the country 's `` Golden Age '' of cinema , and worked in films directed by Ishiro Honda , Jun Fukuda , and Kinji Fukasaku . He sometimes was billed as Dan Yuma or Danny Yuma . Born in Maine , to an affluent family , his parents were Earl and Charlotte Dunham . He has a sister named Patricia June . Robert grew up in Wellesley Hills , Massachusetts . He attended Noble and Greenough School in Dedham , Massachusetts . Dunham was later accepted into Williams College , in Williamstown , Massachusetts , where he received his Bachelor of Arts degree in Art History . After graduating college , Dunham joined the United States Marine Corps . He was stationed in Yokohama , Japan and served for two years as a Lieutenant . Later , he attended correspondence school to learn how to speak Japanese . After being honorably discharged from the Marine Corps. , Dunham decided to stay in Japan and opened up his own import/export business . Dunham lived in Tokyo for 22 years , with a Japanese wife Keiko , and their two children , Barbara Ann and Daniel . They later divorced . He met a Japanese model , Setsuko Sazawa , whom he married in 1969 . They had two children , Emiko ( Emmy ) and Marcia . Dunham and his wife Setsuko , moved to Den-en-chōfu , an affluent suburb of Tokyo , where they lived from 1970 -- 75 . In 1975 , Dunham decided to move his family to the United States and moved to Cape Cod , Massachusetts . He became a freelance writer , often contributing material to magazines such as Car and Driver . Unlike many other Westerners in Japanese films at the time , Dunham spoke fluent Japanese and as such , was one of few foreign actors who would maintain their real voice in the released product without the need of over-dubbing by a Japanese actor . Dunham admitted to having had a `` torrid love affair '' with his co-star of many films , Linda Miller . The relationship ended after Miller moved back to the United States and Dunham claimed to have `` lost track of her '' after having kept up correspondence via postal mail for a time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d63b18fb2b0cbb2c9a336cc1574f82d", "text": "Isiah Whitlock Jr. Isiah Whitlock Jr. ( born September 13 , 1954 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12cc40c78f7eb7a6a31d674779a00352", "text": "Gareth Jones (actor) Gareth Jones ( 6 June 1925 -- 30 November 1958 ) was a British actor , born in Lampeter , Wales , chiefly remembered for the circumstances of his death . During a live television broadcast of the Armchair Theatre play Underground on the ITV network in the UK on 30 November 1958 , Jones suffered a massive heart attack and died while off-camera between two of his scenes . Some contemporary news reports stated that he had suffered the heart attack while on camera , although most references claim that he was stricken while in a make-up chair , between scenes . However , actor Peter Bowles , also in the cast , recalled that `` During transmission , a little group of us was talking on camera while awaiting the arrival of Gareth Jones 's character , who had some information for us . We could see him coming up towards us , but we saw him fall . We had no idea what had happened , but he certainly was n't coming our way '' . Director Ted Kotcheff and the remaining cast were forced to improvise to carry the play to its conclusion , with producer Sydney Newman ordering Kotcheff to `` shoot it like a football match '' . Coincidentally , Jones 's character was to have suffered a heart attack during the play . Jones had appeared in three other Armchair Theatre plays in 1958 - `` Noon On Doomsday '' ( 6 July 1958 ) , `` Trial By Candlelight '' ( 22 June 1958 ) , and `` Miss Olive '' ( 6 April 1958 ) . Other TV appearances included the ITV Television Playhouse production of `` Thunder On Sycamore Street '' ( 11 October 1957 ) , the BBC Television adaptation of Under Milk Wood ( 9 May 1957 ) , the BBC series `` Onion Boys '' ( 1957 ) , and `` A Tale Of Two Cities '' ( 1957 ) . He earlier appeared in Dundee Repertory Theatre plays including `` Petticoat Influence '' ( 1952 ) , The Beaver Coat ( 1952 ) , `` The Hollow Crown '' ( 1952 ) , `` The Queen 's Husband '' ( 1952 ) , `` Young Madame Conti '' ( 1952 ) , and The Lark ( 1955 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81012be8f45796fa89f8d21031da66ab", "text": "Gary Jones (costume designer) Gary Jones ( born February 24 , 1947 ) is an American costume designer who has nearly 60 costume credits in films and TV . He is perhaps most known for his work on films such as Oz the Great and Powerful and The Talented Mr. Ripley . He was nominated at the 72nd Academy Awards in the category of Best Costumes for his work on the film The Talented Mr. Ripley . His nomination was shared with Ann Roth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f7f1e540169ded02ede7ab209ae271e", "text": "Canyon River (film) Canyon River is a 1956 Allied Artists American Western film in CinemaScope and Color by De Luxe directed by Harmon Jones . It stars George Montgomery as the head of a cattle drive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eaae1e701c147de343115c1c88cbf2f6", "text": "Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom Indiana Jones in the Lost Kingdom is a puzzle video game developed by Michael J. Hanson and published by Mindscape for the Commodore 64 . The game is based on the Indiana Jones series , and was released in North America around January 1985 , while a U.K. version was released in March 1985 . Gameplay requires the player to think like fictional archaeologist Indiana Jones to solve the puzzles of each level , as the game does not provide the player with any rules or gameplay information ; the game 's cover advertised , `` Nobody told Indiana Jones the rules . And no one will tell you . ''", "title": "" } ]
fever
a1780224ccf42b49ba0c92fbc83ca306
Bangalore was conquered by an Indian power in 1638.
[ { "docid": "df3102fdd06eb801114b7cb2d26185bf", "text": "Bangalore Bangalore -LSB- bæŋɡəˈlɔːr -RSB- , officially known as Bengaluru ( -LSB- ˈbeŋɡəɭuːɾu -RSB- ) , is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka . It has a population of about and a metropolitan population of about , making it the third most populous city and fifth most populous urban agglomeration in India . It is located in southern India on the Deccan Plateau . Its elevation is over 3000 ft above sea level , the highest of India 's major cities . A succession of South Indian dynasties , the Western Gangas , the Cholas and the Hoysalas , ruled the present region of Bangalore until in 1537 CE , Kempé Gowdā -- a feudal ruler under the Vijayanagara Empire -- established a mud fort considered to be the foundation of modern Bangalore . In 1638 , the Marāthās conquered and ruled Bangalore for almost 50 years , after which the Mughals captured and sold the city to the Mysore Kingdom of the Wadiyar dynasty . It was captured by the British after victory in the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War ( 1799 ) , who returned administrative control of the city to the Maharaja of Mysore . The old city developed in the dominions of the Maharaja of Mysore and was made capital of the Princely State of Mysore , which existed as a nominally sovereign entity of the British Raj . In 1809 , the British shifted their cantonment to Bangalore , outside the old city , and a town grew up around it , which was governed as part of British India . Following India 's independence in 1947 , Bangalore became the capital of Mysore State , and remained capital when the new Indian state of Karnataka was formed in 1956 . The two urban settlements of Bangalore -- city and cantonment -- which had developed as independent entities merged into a single urban centre in 1949 . The existing Kannada name , Bengalūru , was declared the official name of the city in 2006 . Bangalore is sometimes referred to as the `` Silicon Valley of India '' ( or `` IT capital of India '' ) because of its role as the nation 's leading information technology ( IT ) exporter . Indian technological organisations ISRO , Infosys , Wipro and HAL are headquartered in the city . A demographically diverse city , Bangalore is the second fastest-growing major metropolis in India . It is home to many educational and research institutions in India , such as Indian Institute of Science ( IISc ) , Indian Institute of Management ( Bangalore ) ( IIMB ) , National Institute of Fashion Technology , Bangalore , National Institute of Design , Bangalore ( NID R&D Campus ) , National Law School of India University ( NLSIU ) and National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences ( NIMHANS ) . Numerous state-owned aerospace and defence organisations , such as Bharat Electronics , Hindustan Aeronautics and National Aerospace Laboratories are located in the city . The city also houses the Kannada film industry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eab3a3e3906742b8b9d573b3a17e01ca", "text": "Maratha Empire The Maratha Empire or the Maratha Confederacy was an Indian power that existed from 1674 to 1818 and ruled over much of the Indian sub-continent . The Marathas are credited to a large extent for ending the Mughal rule in India . The Marathas are a Hindu warrior group from the western Deccan Plateau ( present day Maharashtra ) that rose to prominence by establishing a Hindavi Swarajya . The Marathas became prominent in the seventeenth century under the leadership of Shivaji who revolted against the Adil Shahi dynasty and the Mughal Empire and carved out a kingdom with Raigad as his capital . Known for their mobility , the Marathas were able to consolidate their territory during the Mughal -- Maratha Wars and later controlled a large part of India . Chhattrapati Shahu , grandson of Shivaji , was released by Mughals after the death of Emperor Aurangzeb . Following a brief struggle with his aunt Tarabai , Shahu became ruler and appointed Balaji Vishwanath and later , his descendants , as the peshwas or prime ministers of the empire . Balaji and his descendants played a key role in expansion of Maratha rule . The empire at its peak stretched from Tamil Nadu in the south to Peshawar ( modern-day Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , Pakistan ) in the north , and Bengal and Andaman Islands in the east . In 1761 , the Maratha Army lost the Third Battle of Panipat to Ahmad Shah Abdali of the Afghan Durrani Empire which halted their imperial expansion into Afghanistan . Ten years after Panipat , the young Peshwa Madhavrao I 's Maratha Resurrection reinstated Maratha authority over North India . In a bid to effectively manage the large empire , Madhavrao I gave semi-autonomy to the strongest of the knights , which created a confederacy of Maratha states . They became known as the Gaekwads of Baroda , the Holkars of Indore and Malwa , the Scindias of Gwalior and Ujjain , the Bhonsales of the Nagpur and the Puars of Dhar and Dewas . In 1775 , the East India Company intervened in a Peshwa family succession struggle in Pune , which became the First Anglo-Maratha War , resulting in the Maratha victory . The Marathas remained the preeminent power in India until their defeat in the Second and Third Anglo-Maratha Wars ( 1805-1818 CE ) which left the East India Company in control of most of India . A large portion of the Maratha empire was coastline , which had been secured by the potent Maratha Navy under commanders such as Kanhoji Angre . He was very successful at keeping foreign naval ships , particularly of the Portuguese and British , at bay . Securing the coastal areas and building land-based fortifications were crucial aspects of the Maratha 's defensive strategy and regional military history .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5981be870bc53fd78339c7f21bc39d7e", "text": "Wadiyar Wadiyar dynasty ( alternatively spelt Wodeyer or Odeyer ) , an Indian Hindu dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1761 and from 1799 to 1947 . The kingdom was incorporated into the Dominion of India after its independence from British rule .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "299ce641eba155b55934348b4ae62e66", "text": "Mayurasharma Mayurasharma ( or Mayurasharman , Mayuravarma ( r. 345 -- 365 C.E. ) , a Brahmin scholar and a native of Talagunda ( in modern Shimoga district ) , was the founder of the Kadamba Kingdom of Banavasi , the earliest native kingdom to rule over what is today the modern state of Karnataka , India . Before the rise of the Kadambas , the centres of power ruling the land were outside of the Karnataka region ; thus the Kadambas ' ascent to power as an independent geo-political entity , with Kannada , the language of the soil as a major regional language , is a landmark event in the history of modern Karnataka with Mayurasharma as an important historical figure . The earliest Kannada language inscriptions are attributed to the Kadambas of Banavasi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb71c5fbc1025f39dcf69f1c4af0771d", "text": "2014 Bangalore bombing The 2014 Bangalore bombing occurred on 28 December 2014 on Church Street in the central business district of Bangalore , India . A low-intensity improvised explosive device ( IED ) placed inside a flower pot on the pavement outside the Coconut Grove restaurant on Church Street exploded at 8:30 pm IST , killing one woman and injuring at least four people . The blast critically injured 37-year-old Bhavani . She was taken to a hospital with severe injuries to her skull and succumbed to her wounds . The injured were identified as Karthik ( 21 ) - Bhavani 's nephew , Sandeep H. ( 39 ) and Vinay M.R. ( 35 ) . Forensics analysis of samples collected from the blast site revealed that the IED contained aluminium powder mixed with sulphur , and residues of potassium nitrate . The report declared , `` This combination is highly dangerous but do not pose heavy damage '' . The report also found that the explosive mixture was kept in a pipe casing filled with iron nails . The pipe casing used to fill the explosive material was estimated to be around 8 to 9 inches , and the weight of the explosives around 200 grams . According to the forensics report , `` A remote sensor was used to cause the blast . And the woman who was killed not because of the flying nails getting stuck on her temple but mainly due to the shrapnel flying from the pipe casing which was stuffed with the explosives . '' No group claimed responsibility for the bombing . Karnataka Police arrested Hyder Ali and Omar Siddiqui , members of the Indian Mujahideen , in connection with the blast .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f07be589a01534daa33f65cc5906198", "text": "Gundlupet Gundlupet or Gundlupete in Kannada is a town in the Chamarajanagar district of the Indian state of Karnataka . This small town is about 56 km from the Mysore-Ooty / Mysore-Calicut NH 212 highway and about 200 km from Bangalore , the state capital . Gundlupet is the last town in Karnataka en route to Ooty , Wayanad , Kozhikode , situated very close to Tamil Nadu and Kerala state borders . National Highway -67 ( NH-67 ) starts from Gundlupete and ends in Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu via Ooty and Coimbatore . The Bandipur National Park Forest Office is 16 km from Gundlupet . Previously this town was known as `` Vijayapura '' which got its name due presence of historical Vijayanarayana temple .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cf36033613efa4ee5103885031fb3b0", "text": "Battle of Arakere The Battle of Arakere was a battle fought near the Mysorean capital city of Seringapatam on 15 May 1791 during the Third Anglo-Mysore War . An army led by Charles , Earl Cornwallis consisting of British East India Company and British Army forces , along with allied forces from the Nizam of Hyderabad , arrived near Seringapatam , and sought a crossing of the Kaveri River near the village of Arakere . Tipu Sultan , Mysore 's ruler , had established a defensive line there , and Cornwallis , in an attack begun early on 15 May , drove Tipu from his position . Tipu retreated into Seringapatam ; Cornwallis , whose army was running out of food , retreated to Bangalore after the battle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7af1da9d549151f29f5adb9f35537ca", "text": "Sena dynasty The Sena Empire ( সেন সাম্রাজ্য , Shen Shamrajjo ) was a Hindu dynasty that ruled from Bengal through the 11th and 12th centuries . The empire at its peak covered much of the north-eastern region of the Indian subcontinent . The rulers of the Sena Dynasty traced their origin to the south Indian region of Karnataka . The dynasty 's founder was Hemanta Sena , who was part of the Pala Empire until it began to weaken . Hemanta Sena usurped power and styled himself king in 1095 AD . His successor Vijaya Sena ( ruled from 1096 AD to 1159 AD ) helped lay the foundations of the dynasty , and had an unusually long reign of over 60 years . Ballala Sena conquered Gaur from the Pala , became the ruler of the Bengal Delta , and made Nabadwip the capital as well . Ballala Sena married Ramadevi a princess of the Western Chalukya Empire which indicates that the Sena rulers maintained close social contact with south India . Lakshmana Sena succeeded Ballala Sena in 1179 , ruled Bengal for approximately 20 years , and expanded the Sena Empire to Assam , Odisha , Bihar and probably to Varanasi . In 1203 -- 1204 AD , the Turkic general Bakhtiyar Khilji attacked Nabadwip . Khilji defeated Lakshman Sen and captured northwest Bengal -- although Eastern Bengal remained under Sena control .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "633d364734ea8557d9762d7c5a4b7f52", "text": "Medak Fort Medak Fort is situated in Medak district in the Indian state of Telangana , about 100 kilometres from the state capital , Hyderabad . The fort lies to the north of the city and can be reached by road and rail . It is a citadel built on a hillock that provided as a vantage point for the Kakatiyan rulers in ancient India . The fort was built sometime around the 12th century and during the reign of the Kakatiyan ruler , Pratapa Rudra and was called Methuku durgam , meaning cooked rice in Telugu . It was a command post of the Kakatians and later for Qutb Shahis . The fort has great historical and architectural importance in Telangana . Within the fort is a 17th-century Mosque built by the Qutub Shahis , granaries and remains of grand houses . It has three main entrances , the `` Prathama Dwaram '' , the `` Simha Dwaram '' that has two snarling lions at the top of the entrance and the `` Gaja Dwaram '' , or Elephant 's Entrance that has a sculpture of two elephants interlocked on both sides of the entrance . The main entrance proudly displays the double-headed `` Gandabherundam '' of the Kakatiyas . The wood used as a support for the stable roof ( Terminalia paniculata ) can still be seen there . At the fort one can see a 17th-century cannon that is 3.2 metres long . The cannon has a trident etched on it . This fortress uses the natural topography to the maximum advantage with the rocky face offering it natural defences . The water to the fort was provided via a pipeline . Now , there is not much left to see , but as it stands on a hillock , it offers a good view of the district .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9711a4527714989b1d45c8a1050a487a", "text": "Bangalore district Bangalore District was a district in the state of Karnataka , India . In 1986 , Bangalore District was bifurcated into Bangalore Urban district and Bangalore Rural district . Category : Former districts of India", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d51c0d3fc02ea4ff4071b86c02faa1bf", "text": "Venkata I Venkata I ( Venkata Raya or Venkatadri Raya ) ( 1542 CE ) was a ruler of a Vijayanagara Empire of South India . He was the younger son of Achyuta Deva Raya , whom he succeeded in 1542 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d881f46fcbbe5e52e3d90b01d13c80e", "text": "Shivappa Nayaka Shivappa Nayaka ( r. 1645 -- 1660 ) , popularly known as Keladi Shivappa Nayaka , was a notable ruler of the Keladi Nayaka Kingdom . The Keladi Nayakas were from Lingayat Community and successors of the Vijayanagara Empire in the coastal and Malnad ( hill ) districts of Karnataka , India , in the late 16th century . At their peak , the Nayakas built a niche kingdom comprising the coastal , hill and some interior districts ( Bayaluseeme ) of modern Karnataka , before succumbing to the Kingdom of Mysore in 1763 , which at that time was ruled by Hyder Ali . He was known as Sistina Shivappa Nayaka because he introduced a tax system called Sist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bea76ac0f947f9b24a908294729d3be5", "text": "Battle of Hyderabad The Battle of Hyderabad , also called The Battle of Dubba ( or The Battle of Dubbo in contemporary references ) was fought on 24 March 1843 between the forces of British East India company and the Talpur Emirs of Sindh near Hyderabad , Sindh , Pakistan . A small British force , led by Captain James Outram , were attacked by the Talpur Balochis and forced to make a fort of the British residence , which they successfully defended until they finally escaped to a waiting river steamer . After the British victory at Meeanee ( also spelt Miani ) , Charles Napier continued his advance to the Indus River and attacked the Sindh capital of Hyderabad . Hyderabad was defended by 20,000 troops under the command of Mir Sher Muhammad Talpur and Hosh Mohammad . Charles Napier with a force of only 6,000 men but with artillery support stormed the city . During the battle Hosh Mohammad was killed and his forces routed ; Baluchistani resistance collapsed and Sindh came under British rule .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01bdea1a2767afc4428bb3ea9b8cadc1", "text": "Bangalore torpedo A Bangalore torpedo is an explosive charge placed within one or several connected tubes . It is used by combat engineers to clear obstacles that would otherwise require them to approach directly , possibly under fire . It is sometimes colloquially referred to as a `` Bangalore mine '' , `` banger '' or simply `` Bangalore '' . Per United States Army Field Manual 5-250 section 1-14 , page 1-12 `` b. Use . The primary use of the torpedo is clearing paths through wire obstacles and heavy undergrowth . It will clear a 3 - to 4-metre wide path through wire obstacles . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e736947bee1f82ed1585a4b230e270e6", "text": "Siege of Seringapatam (1799) The Siege of Seringapatam ( 5 April -- 4 May 1799 ) was the final confrontation of the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War between the British East India Company and the Kingdom of Mysore . The British , with the allied Nizam of Hyderabad , achieved a decisive victory after breaching the walls of the fortress at Seringapatam and storming the citadel . Tipu Sultan , Mysore 's ruler , was killed in the action . The British restored the Wodeyar dynasty to the throne after the victory , but retained indirect control of the kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ece79b5e0e3b3a5a2e2a10622214146d", "text": "Mysore painting Mysore painting is an important form of classical South Indian painting that originated in and around the town of Mysore in Karnataka encouraged and nurtured by the Mysore rulers . Painting in Karnataka has a long and illustrious history , tracing its origins back to the Ajanta times ( 2nd century B.C. to 7th century A.D. ) The distinct school of Mysore painting evolved from the paintings of Vijayanagar times during the reign of the Vijayanagar Kings ( 1336-1565 AD ) The rulers of Vijayanagar and their feudatories encouraged literature , art , architecture , religious and philosophical discussions . With the fall of the Vijayanagar empire after the Battle of Talikota the artists who were till then under royal patronage migrated to various other places like Mysore , Tanjore , Surpur , etc. . Absorbing the local artistic traditions and customs , the erstwhile Vijayanagar School of Painting gradually evolved into the many styles of painting in South India , including the Mysore and Tanjore schools of painting . Mysore paintings are known for their elegance , muted colours , and attention to detail . The themes for most of these paintings are Hindu gods and goddesses and scenes from Hindu mythology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18f9107184d17dd7ab7205dd859c6bf3", "text": "Origin of Vijayanagara Empire The origin of Vijayanagara empire is a controversial topic in South Indian history , with regard to the linguistic affiliation of the founding dynasty , the Sangama family . The Vijayanagara empire rose to power in southern India in the 14th century CE . Over the past decades historians have expressed differing opinions on whether the empire 's founders , Harihara I and Bukka I ( two of four sons of Sangama ) , were of Kannada or Telugu origin . There are various opinions about role of the Vidyaranya , the Hindu saint and guru of Harihara I and Bukka I in the founding of the Vijayanagara empire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b9a640600a7e28ea874238679a8b054", "text": "S. Srikanta Sastri Sondekoppa Srikanta Sastri ( 5 November 1904 -- 10 May 1974 ) was an Indian historian , Indologist , and polyglot . He authored about 12 books , over two hundred articles , several monographs and book reviews over four decades in English , Kannada , Telugu and Sanskrit . To his credit are such works as `` Sources of Karnataka History '' , `` Geopolitics of India & Greater India '' , `` Bharatiya Samskruthi '' ( a compendium on Indian culture and tradition ) and `` Hoysala Vastushilpa '' ( a study of temple architecture of the Hoysala period in Karnataka ) . S. Srikanta Sastri was a polyglot well versed in fourteen languages spanning Greek , Latin , Pali , Prakrit , Sanskrit and German among others . He was Head of the Department of History & Indology at Maharaja College , University of Mysore between 1940 - 1960 . He was conferred the Kannada Literary Academy award in 1970 and was subsequently honoured by Governor of Karnataka Mohanlal Sukhadia in 1973 during mythic society diamond jubilee function . A Festschrift was brought forth and presented to him during his felicitation function in 1973 titled `` Srikanthika '' with articles on History and Indology by distinguished scholars . His work on Indus Valley Civilization and town planning at Harappa and Mohenjodaro were published in successive articles and drew considerable attention . His Research articles on The Aryan Invasion theory , the date of Adi Sankaracharya , Oswald Spengler 's view on Indian Culture , Jaina Epistemology , Proto-Vedic religion of Indus Valley Civilization and Evolution of the Gandaberunda insignia remain relevant today . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a32d23a7140dae4cfb780c19f7d47d8", "text": "Kadambas of Hangal The Kadambas of Hangal was a South Indian dynasty during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent , which originated in the region of Karnataka . Chatta Deva who reigned from 980-1031 CE founded the dynasty . He helped Western Chalukyas in the coup against the Rashtrakutas ; re-established the Kadamba Dynasty mostly as a feudatory of Western Chalukyas , but his successors enjoyed considerable independence and were almost sovereign rulers of Goa and Konkan till 14th century CE . The successors of Chatta Deva occupied both Banavasi and Hangal and are known as Kadambas of Hangal . Uniting Banavasi and Hangal , distinguished himself against the Cholas and carved out a kingdom ( which stretched , on this side , including Ratnagiri district , up to Kolhapur ) . He is referred to as having conquered Konkan . When the Chalukyas under their king , Jayasimha II made an advance on Dhar ( capital of the Malavas ) and defeated Bhoja , who was then the Paramara king , the part played by Chaltadev ( Chatta Deva ) , the feudatory of the Chalukyas , was significant . During 1075-1116 Kirtivarma subdued the 7 Konkans . Due to the struggle between the Hoysalas and the Yadavas , for supremacy , the Kadambas of Hangal under Kamdeva marched against the Konkan and compelled Vijayadatta ( to transfer his allegiance to him ) . But during 1187 and 1188 , immediately on his accession , Jayakesi III declared himself independent . Later Kadambas kept paying nominal allegiance to Yadavas and Hoysalas of Dorasamudra and thus maintained their independence . Different families of Kadambas ruled southern India , notable were Kadambas of Hangal , Kadambas of Goa , Kadambas of Halasi and Kadambas of Banavasi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fc01c2d93afa886bd6ffb0814a15ffa", "text": "Hoysala Empire The Hoysala empire was a prominent Southern Indian Kannadiga empire that ruled most of the modern-day state of Karnataka between the 10th and the 14th centuries . The capital of the Hoysalas was initially located at Belur but was later moved to Halebidu . The Hoysala rulers were originally from Malnad Karnataka , an elevated region in the Western Ghats range . In the 12th century , taking advantage of the internecine warfare between the then ruling Western Chalukya and Kalachuri kingdoms , they annexed areas of present-day Karnataka and the fertile areas north of the Kaveri River delta in present-day Tamil Nadu . By the 13th century , they governed most of present-day Karnataka , minor parts of Tamil Nadu and parts of western Andhra Pradesh and Telangana in Deccan India . The Hoysala era was an important period in the development of art , architecture , and religion in South India . The empire is remembered today primarily for its temple architecture . Over a hundred surviving temples are scattered across Karnataka . Well known temples `` which exhibit an amazing display of sculptural exuberance '' include the Chennakesava Temple at Belur , the Hoysaleswara Temple at Halebidu , and the Kesava Temple at Somanathapura . The Hoysala rulers also patronised the fine arts , encouraging literature to flourish in Kannada and Sanskrit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95f5ca77e768d9b6b3b0aa8c694d976d", "text": "Karkoṭa Empire Karkota Empire ( c. 625 - 885 CE ) was a major power from the Indian subcontinent ; which originated in the region of Kashmir . It was founded by Durlabhvardhana during the lifetime of Harshavardhan . The dynasty marked the rise of Kashmir as a power in Central Asia and Northern India . Avanti Varman ascended the throne of Kashmir on 855 A.D. , establishing the Utpala dynasty and ending the rule of Karkota dynasty . Lalitaditya Muktapida , the dynasty 's strongest ruler captured parts of Central Asia , Afghanistan and Punjab with Chinese help . According to Kalhana 's Rajatarangini , Lalitaditya was able to extend the power of Kashmir beyond the normal mountain limits and in about 740 AD inflicted a defeat upon Yashovarman , the King of Kannauj . Lalitaditya was able to vanquish the Turks , Tibetans , Bhutias , Kambojas and others . According to some historians , Kalhana highly exaggerated the conquests of Lalitaditya . The Karkota emperors were primarily Hindu . They built spectacular Hindu temples in their capital Parihaspur . They however also allowed Buddhism to flourish under them . Stupa , Chaitya and Vihara can be found in the ruins of their capital . Martand Sun Temple in the Anantnag district were built by Lalitaditya . It is the oldest known Sun temple in India and was also one of the biggest temple complexes at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc6d2caf94a9586be3cf4bcc2f35034b", "text": "Rajendra Chola I Rajendra Chola I ( Tamil : இராசேந்திர சோழன் Irācēntira cōḻaṉ ) or Rajendra I was a Chola emperor who is considered one of the greatest rulers and military generals of India . He succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I in 1014 CE . During his reign , he extended the influence of the Chola empire to the banks of the river Ganga in North India and across the Indian ocean to the West , making the Chola Empire one of the most powerful empires of India . Rajendra 's conquests included the Andaman and Nicobar Islands , Sri Lanka , Maldives , and he successfully invaded the territories of Srivijaya in Malaysia , Southern Thailand and Indonesia in South East Asia . The Cholas exacted tribute from Thailand and the Khmer kingdom of Cambodia . He defeated Mahipala , the Pala king of Bengal and Bihar , and to commemorate his victory he built a new capital city called Gangaikonda Cholapuram .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3a810af31f75262711b76d2c7ae92a68
Arkham Asylum's patients include a villain.
[ { "docid": "167843fa80ebf18266a6b37476f5380b", "text": "Arkham Asylum The Elizabeth Arkham Asylum for the Criminally Insane , typically called Arkham Asylum or simply Arkham ( -LSB- ˈɑrkəm -RSB- ) , is a fictional psychiatric hospital appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in stories featuring the superhero Batman . Arkham Asylum first appeared in Batman # 258 ( October 1974 ) , written by Dennis O'Neil with art by Irv Novick . Arkham Asylum serves as a psychiatric hospital for the Gotham City area and houses many patients who are criminally insane . Arkham 's high-profile patients are often from Batman 's rogues gallery , such as the Joker , Two-Face , Poison Ivy , the Riddler , Harley Quinn , Clayface , Mad Hatter , Killer Croc , Mr. Freeze , and Scarecrow .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31", "text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f50e2950baf20068fc09c6bb398e135", "text": "Time Trapper The Time Trapper is a fictional character , a supervillain in stories published by DC Comics . The Time Trapper 's main enemies are the Legion of Super-Heroes . The Time Trapper 's main powers are depicted as vast control over time itself . The Time Trapper 's lair has been located at the end of time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f", "text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4a8657c06afb438f60bf922db251712", "text": "Death's Head Death 's Head is a fictional character appearing in British comics and American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a robotic bounty hunter ( or rather , as he calls himself , a `` freelance peace-keeping agent '' ) . The character was created by writer Simon Furman and artist Geoff Senior for the company 's Marvel UK imprint . Furman decided to use Death 's Head in his Transformers stories , but believed that characters appearing in Transformers `` were prone to be absorbed into that title 's catchall copyright '' ( allowing Hasbro to contest their ownership ) and led to a one-page strip titled `` High Noon Tex '' ( which was subsequently published in various Marvel UK titles ) being hastily created to establish Marvel 's ownership of the character . Furman has stated that he chose the name Death 's Head for the character while unaware of the `` Nazi-connotations of the name '' . The character was later redesigned and relaunched as Death 's Head II , acting as one of the flagship characters for Marvel UK 's 1990s expansion . This version of Death 's Head also inspired two spin-off characters , Death Wreck and Death Metal , each of which starred in its own limited series . Later , in 2005 , fans used a poll on Marvel 's website to vote for the character 's return . This led to a third version of Death 's Head , Death 's Head 3.0 , created by original Death 's Head writer Simon Furman . Simon Furman said in 2011 that the character was still popular because `` he 'll never change or compromise or grow or repent or agonise like most comic book characters . He 's this unchanging , uncompromising rock that other characters bounce off . But you still kind of love him . Weird . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12d3ba432ae9d91d2cb411d609f68171", "text": "Shathra Shathra is a Spider-Man villain and a character in the Marvel Comics universe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80160f8543e12afc81374a0192242cee", "text": "Spencer Smythe Spencer Smythe is a fictional character , a comic book villain in the Marvel Comics universe . He is the father of Alistair Smythe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9823e86509c607915d31fcc5691a2df4", "text": "Monsieur Mallah Monsieur Mallah is a fictional character , a superintelligent anthropomorphic gorilla supervillain in the and the criminal and romantic partner of the Brain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddce0c0cb65863c8e7fe09be4ce69612", "text": "Doctor Strange Stephen Vincent Strange , M.D. is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Created by artist Steve Ditko and writer Stan Lee , the character first appeared in Strange Tales # 110 ( cover-dated July 1963 ) . Doctor Strange serves as the Sorcerer Supreme , the primary protector of Earth against magical and mystical threats . Inspired by stories of black magic and Chandu the Magician , Strange was created during the Silver Age of Comics to bring a different kind of character and themes of mysticism to Marvel Comics . The character 's origin story relates that he was once a brilliant but egotistical surgeon . After a car accident severely damages his hands and hinders his ability to perform surgery , he searches the globe for a way to repair them and encounters the Ancient One . After becoming one of the old Sorcerer Supreme 's students , he becomes a practitioner of both the mystical arts as well as martial arts . Along with knowing many powerful spells , he has a costume with two mystical objects -- the Cloak of Levitation and Eye of Agamotto -- which give him added powers . Strange is aided along the way by his friend and valet , Wong , and a large assortment of mystical objects . He takes up residence in a mansion called the Sanctum Sanctorum , located in New York City . Later , Strange takes the title of Sorcerer Supreme . In 2008 , Doctor Strange was ranked 83rd in Wizards `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , and in 2012 was ranked 33rd in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' . He was also ranked 38th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' . The character was first portrayed in live-action by Peter Hooten in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange . Benedict Cumberbatch stars as the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , first appearing in the role in the 2016 film Doctor Strange .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54a0d57b8a0072aacd731ac442540185", "text": "The inmates are running the asylum The inmates are running the asylum is : A reference to 1989 cult film Dr. Caligari . A reference to the 1920 cult film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari . A reference to the 2014 film Stonehearst Asylum . A book by software designer and programmer Alan Cooper , `` the father of Visual Basic '' . See also , the 1981 song by British band , Fun Boy Three , `` The Lunatics Have Taken Over the Asylum '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37aa951bc59887556102c8f76add6850", "text": "Villains United Villains United is a six-issue , 2005 comic book limited series , published by DC Comics , written by Gail Simone and illustrated by Dale Eaglesham and Wade Von Grawbadger , and later by Val Semeiks and Prentis Rollins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9052113f874922e655c3e7d5edb7de34", "text": "Terra-Man Terra-Man ( real name Toby Manning ) is a fictional character and supervillain who appears in Superman stories published by DC Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619", "text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed5033773b1b8cf20deb32e0ed539dfb", "text": "Java (comics) Java is a fictional DC Comics supervillain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efb0790390b44cbd1f9bc942ebb88d5f", "text": "Cyberman The Cybermen are a fictional race of cyborgs who are among the most persistent enemies of the Doctor in the British science fiction television programme , Doctor Who . Within the context of the series , the Cybermen were originally a wholly organic species of humanoids originating on Earth 's twin planet Mondas that began to implant more and more artificial parts into their bodies as a means of self-preservation . This led to the race becoming coldly logical and calculating , with every emotion deleted from their minds . They were created by Dr. Kit Pedler ( the unofficial scientific advisor to the show ) and story editor Gerry Davis in 1966 , first appearing in the serial The Tenth Planet . They were featured numerous times , up until the show 's cancellation . Following the 2005 revival of the show , the Cybermen returned with a new origin story in a parallel universe , in the 2006 series ' two-parter `` Rise of the Cybermen '' and `` The Age of Steel '' , and have been recurring villains again ever since . A further redesign took place in the 2013 episode `` Nightmare in Silver '' , showing technologically advanced Cybermen , the result of a merge between the Mondasian and Parallel universe Cybermen , depicted as being able to instantly upgrade themselves to fix flaws and weaknesses . The species also appeared in the Doctor Who spin-off Torchwood in its fourth episode , `` Cyberwoman '' ( 2006 ) . Cybermen have also appeared in installments of the 2010 Doctor Who video game series The Adventure Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a16227d8ec67d4646d052c6e1052613", "text": "Egghead (DC Comics) Egghead is a fictional character created for the 1960s Batman television series . Played by horror film mainstay Vincent Price , the character was identifiable by his pale bald head and white and yellow suit . He believes himself to be `` the world 's smartest criminal , '' and his crimes usually have an egg motif to them ; he also includes egg-related puns in his speech ( `` egg-zactly '' , `` egg-cellent '' , etc. ) . Additionally , he would use a wide assortment of egg-shaped weapons , such as laughing gas eggs and tear gas eggs ( laid by chickens on a diet of onions ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2fdf2a273e0e46576ef2f8ad9d9d9f1", "text": "Shayde Shayde is a fictional character who appeared in the Doctor Who Magazine comic strip based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Shayde is an artificial being , a construct of the Gallifreyan Matrix -- the massive computer network that serves as the repository of all Time Lord knowledge . He was created by the minds of the dead Time Lords that reside within the Matrix , and was a servant of Rassilon . He first appeared in the story The Tides of Time , published in DWM # 61 - # 67 , written by Steve Parkhouse and drawn by Dave Gibbons . In that story , he aided the Fifth Doctor in defeating the otherdimensional demon Melanicus , at first covertly but then , as the Time Lords increased his power levels , he was able to manifest himself and help the Doctor directly . Among Shayde 's powers are the abilities to travel through space and time unaided , fire deadly self-generated `` psychic bullets '' and be invisible to security systems . He can also phase through solid objects and track people through time and space given enough data . Shayde next appeared when the TARDIS was possessed by an Elemental being . Having no instructions from the Time Lords , Shayde was allowed to act on his own and helped the Doctor expel the entity from the TARDIS . When the Doctor was placed on trial by the Time Lords for allowing the possession to take place and possibly placing Gallifrey in danger , Shayde surreptitiously erased the evidence , leading to the Doctor 's acquittal ( The Stockbridge Horror , DWM # 70 - # 75 ) . It was nearly fifteen years before Shayde reappeared in the comic strip . At that time , the Doctor was in his Eighth incarnation and was dying due to the events of the previous adventure ( Tooth and Claw , DWM # 257 - # 260 ) . His companions at the time , Izzy and Fey had taken him back to Gallifrey where he was cured and his mind placed within the Matrix to recover . While within the Matrix , an attempt was made on the Doctor 's life by a secret Time Lord sect known as the Elysians , and Shayde stopped them . The assassination attempt was part of a plot by Overseer Luther , an insane Time Lord who wanted to rewrite Gallifrey 's history and set himself up as a god . The Doctor managed to thwart Luther by short-circuiting his watchtower ( a gigantic TARDIS ) , but apparently at the cost of his eighth body . As Izzy and Fey watched , the Doctor regenerated into a new incarnation . ( The Final Chapter , DWM # 262 - # 265 ) . However , this was a ruse . The Doctor had realised that Fey was under external control when she had managed to pilot the TARDIS even though the TARDIS manual was in Gallifreyan script , which she did not understand . Just before the Doctor prepared to sacrifice himself , Shayde offered to take his place and fake a regeneration . This way , the group that was controlling Fey -- the Threshold , a mercenary organisation that the Doctor had tangled with before -- would seize the opportunity to bring a newly regenerated and thus weaker Doctor to them . Both disguised with personal chameleon circuits , Shayde would hold their attention while the Doctor sabotaged the Threshold 's operations . In a Wild West town on an alien moon run by the Threshold , the Doctor 's plans came to fruition . When Shayde and the Doctor revealed themselves to the Threshold , Shayde had to contend with the Pariah , an immensely powerful being who was his predecessor . The Pariah was another construct of Rassilon , but he had tried to destroy her when she developed free will and rebelled . Now , the Pariah wanted to take revenge , not just on Gallifrey but the whole universe . Shayde was unable to defeat the Pariah on his own , and she crushed his skull . However , Fey merged with the dying Shayde and together they were able to kill the Pariah and eliminate the Threshold . The shared being , dubbed `` Feyde '' by the Doctor , although both of them retained their own consciousness , decided to leave and deal with what had just happened to them ( Wormwood , DWM # 266 - # 271 ) . Fey returned to her own time period , the 1940s , where , as an agent of the British government , she spent two years fighting the Nazis and being frustrated that Shayde would not allow her to use their powers to kill Adolf Hitler , as this would change history . In 1941 , she received a sub-ether summons from the Doctor -- Izzy had been kidnapped , and the Doctor needed Shayde 's abilities to track her whereabouts . Together , they succeeded in recovering Izzy , and `` Feyde '' returned to World War II . Shayde is one of the few characters from the comic strip that has made the cross-over into the other spin-off media . In a special Big Finish Productions audio play given away with DWM # 326 titled No Place Like Home , Shayde helped the Fifth Doctor against another force -- a mutated Gallifreyan mouse called a rovie -- that had infiltrated the TARDIS and was trying to kill the Doctor and his companions . The character of Shayde was voiced by Mark Donovan . Category : Comics characters introduced in 1982 Category : Doctor Who comic strip characters Category : Doctor Who audio characters", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d75cc77353d9c11dbf35d07b8bc7694c", "text": "Michael Akins Michael Akins is a fictional character in DC Comics ' Batman comics series . He is a man of African American descent who was chosen to succeed long-time Gotham City Police Commissioner James Gordon , who retired shortly after the end of the `` No Man 's Land '' story arc .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c69ba9951b5670baae23243baeb824f", "text": "Professor Hamilton Professor Emil Hamilton is a fictional comic book character appearing in books published by DC Comics , usually as a supporting character in stories featuring Superman .", "title": "" } ]
fever
89ea0b7d29ea63212407134cffcbbef0
Mao Zedong is not a poet and visionary.
[ { "docid": "f5ea88d3b3a5a53b1bbd3d0a6581a3c4", "text": "Mao Zedong Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung ( -LSB- ˈmaʊ_dzəˈdʊŋ , _ zə - , _ - dɒŋ -RSB- December 26 , 1893September 9 , 1976 ) , also known as Chairman Mao , was a Chinese communist revolutionary and founding father of the People 's Republic of China , which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 , until his death in 1976 . His Marxist -- Leninist theories , military strategies , and political policies are collectively known as Maoism or Marxism-Leninism-Maoism . Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan , Hunan , Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook in early life , particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919 . Mao adopted Marxism -- Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) , leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927 . During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang ( KMT ) and the CPC , Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers ' and Peasants ' Red Army , led the Jiangxi Soviet 's radical land policies and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March . Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War ( 1937 -- 45 ) , after Japan 's defeat China 's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao 's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan . On 1 October 1949 , Mao proclaimed the foundation of the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , a one-party state controlled by the CPC . In the following years Mao solidified his control through a campaign of classicide against landlords , and a mass purge of perceived enemies of the state he termed as `` counter-revolutionaries '' alleged to have caused between 2,000,000 to 6,000,000 deaths . ( Mao himself admitting 800,000 deaths in the classicide and 712,000 in the suppression of Counterrevolutionaries ) In 1957 , he launched the Great Leap Forward campaign that aimed to rapidly transform China 's economy from an agrarian economy to an industrial one . The campaign contributed to a widespread famine , whose death toll is estimated at between 15,000,000 and 55,000,000 . In 1966 , he initiated the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution , a program to remove `` counter-revolutionary '' elements of Chinese society that lasted 10 years and which was marked by violent class struggle that killed 400,000 to 10,000,000 people , widespread destruction of cultural artifacts and unprecedented elevation of Mao 's personality cult . In 1972 , Mao welcomed American President Richard Nixon in Beijing , signalling a policy of opening China , which was furthered under the rule of Deng Xiaoping ( 1978 -- 1992 ) . Mao suffered a series of heart attacks in 1976 , and died in September , aged 82 . He was succeeded as Paramount leader by Hua Guofeng ( 1976 -- 1978 ) , who was quickly sidelined and replaced by Deng . A controversial figure , Mao is regarded as one of the most important individuals in modern world history , and is also known as a theorist , military strategist , poet and visionary . Supporters credit him with driving imperialism out of China , modernising China and building it into a world power , promoting the status of women , improving education and health care , and increasing life expectancy as China 's population grew from around 550 million to over 900 million under his leadership . In contrast , critics consider him a dictator comparable to Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin who damaged traditional Chinese culture , as well as considering him a perpetrator of human rights abuses , and they estimate that Mao was responsible for 40 to 70 million deaths through starvation , prison labour and executions , which would rank his tenure as the top incidence of excess mortality in human history .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d7e8dae00dd5becff880baa20a28f986", "text": "Corruption in China Corruption in China post-1949 lies in the `` organizational involution '' of the ruling party , including the Communist Party of China 's policies , institutions , norms , and failure to adapt to a changing environment in the post-Mao era caused by the market liberalization reforms initiated by Deng Xiaoping . Like other socialist economies that have undertaken economic reforms , such as post-Soviet Eastern Europe and Central Asia , reform-era China has experienced increasing levels of corruption . Cadre corruption in China has been subject to significant media attention since Communist Party General Secretary Xi Jinping announced his Anti-corruption campaign following the 18th National Congress which was held in November 2012 . Despite this high-profile anti-graft drive , in 2014 China was ranked No. 100 in Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index , which is 20 places lower than 2013 , when it ranked No. 80 . According to 2016 results of Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International , China ranks 79th place out of 176 countries . This puts China on par with Algeria and Suriname , and comparable to Armenia , Colombia , Egypt , Gabon , Liberia , Panama , Bolivia , Mexico , Moldova and Niger . China ranked less corrupt than neighbours Myanmar , Vietnam , Laos , North Korea , Russia , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Afghanistan , Pakistan and Nepal but more corrupt than neighbours Australia , New Zealand , Singapore , India , Bhutan , Macau , Hong Kong and Mongolia . Means of corruption include graft , bribery , embezzlement , backdoor deals , nepotism , patronage , and statistical falsification . Public surveys on the mainland since the late 1980s have shown that it is among the top concerns of the general public . According to Yan Sun , Associate Professor of Political Science at the City University of New York , it was corruption , rather than democracy as such , that lay at the root of the social dissatisfaction that led to the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Corruption undermines the legitimacy of the CPC , adds to economic inequality , undermines the environment , and fuels social unrest . Since then , corruption has not slowed down as a result of greater economic freedom , but instead has grown more entrenched and severe in its character and scope . Business deals often involve participation in corruption . In popular perception , there are more dishonest CPC officials than honest ones , a reversal of the views held in the first decade of reform of the 1980s . China specialist Minxin Pei argues that failure to contain widespread corruption is among the most serious threats to China 's future economic and political stability . Bribery , kickbacks , theft , and misspending of public funds costs at least three percent of GDP . China , though not a member of the OECD has participated as an observer in the OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions , see OECD Anti-Bribery Convention .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1eef951245e0979f0053973cb7f722d", "text": "Revolutionary Workers Headquarters Revolutionary Workers Headquarters ( RWH ) was a U.S. Marxist-Leninist organization that formed out of a split from the Revolutionary Communist Party ( RCP ) in 1977 . After Mao Zedong , leader of the Communist Party of China , died in 1976 , the majority of the RCP 's leadership criticized the post-Mao Chinese leadership as `` revisionist '' and `` capitalist-roaders '' , saying that China was no longer a socialist country . A sizable minority of the RCP believed China was still a socialist country , and continued to support the post-Mao Chinese Communist Party under new leader Hua Guofeng . They left the RCP to form the RWH . Aside from differences on how to assess the changes in China , the RWH also criticized the RCP for ultra-leftism , or left-idealism in their approach to political work in the U.S. . After leaving the RCP , the RWH also did an extensive critique of the RCP 's line on the national question , criticizing the RCP for being `` white chauvinist '' . The RWH published this critique in a lengthy pamphlet titled Build the Black Liberation Movement , which itself was subsequently criticized by Amiri Baraka of the League of Revolutionary Struggle in a pamphlet titled RWH on the BLM : Wrong Again ! as having white chauvinist errors . The RWH made efforts to unite in the early 1980s with the Communist Party ( Marxist-Leninist ) , but then the CP ( M-L ) dissolved . In 1985 , the RWH merged with the Proletarian Unity League and the Organization for Revolutionary Unity to form the Freedom Road Socialist Organization . During its brief existence , RWH cadre were active in various movements , including the labor movement , struggles of oppressed nationalities , the women 's movement , the student movement , the struggle for divestiture from companies doing business in then-apartheid dominated South Africa , and others . Through its cadres who worked in the Revolutionary Student Brigade , the RWH was directly involved with the founding of the Progressive Student Network . Initially , RWH activity was almost exclusively found in urban areas of the Midwest and the East ; it expanded to the West Coast when it absorbed the Bay Area Communist Union in 1979 . While the RWH was structured according to the principles of democratic centralism , it did not consider itself a communist party per se , but rather a `` pre-party organization . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "746bde4f3d1fe30755c48c42111cb078", "text": "History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present) The People 's Republic of China became more influential economically in the 1990s and 2000s and was beginning to be widely recognized as an emerging superpower . In 2010 , China became the world 's second largest economy by GDP . At the same time , numerous social problems emerged and intensified . As Paramount leader Jiang Zemin , NPCSC Chairman Li Peng and PRC Premier Zhu Rongji , gradually retired from their position of power , `` fourth-generation '' leaders , led by CPC General Secretary Hu Jintao and Premier Wen Jiabao , faced with increasing social unrest , attempted to steer the country towards a new direction . From the path of focusing solely on economic development , Hu and Wen placed focus on creating an overall balance under the idea of the Scientific Outlook on Development to create a socialist harmonious society . In this process , there was an unprecedented shift in stance towards favouring rural development and farmers , as well as other generally populist policies . The Hu-Wen government , on the same token , attempted to restrict some personal freedoms , especially those associated with political content on the Internet . China 's increased prominence on the global stage has also brought with it general skepticism and intense scrutiny , especially in the lead up to the 2008 Summer Olympics and after the March 2008 protests in Tibet . The government continues to be criticized on human rights abuses and the various product quality scandals that have increasingly damaged the country 's integrity and continues to raise suspicions about the country 's safety standards . The majority of China 's population , however , point to the immense progress the country has made and generally discredit criticisms of China as being embedded in cultural and historical misunderstandings and rooted in paranoia of China 's potential dominance on the world stage . These ideological clashes , fused with rhetoric from Beijing , has led to an intense wave of nationalism ( or Socialist patriotism ) surfacing in Chinese populations around the world . As of mid-2012 , government statistics show that for the first time ever over 50 % of the Chinese population now live in urban areas , marking a milestone in the urbanization of China . The majority of modern city dwellers are migrants and their children who moved to cities during the economic boom of the last 30 years started by Deng Xiaoping 's policy of economic liberalization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0859aa6d54c4d366c7691e80e3219ebc", "text": "The Tiger (political magazine) The Tiger was a political magazine which was initiated by Chinese intellectuals Zhang Shizhao and Chen Duxiu and was in circulation between 1914 and 1915 . The magazine began as the effort of Zhang Shizhao to create his own publication in the wake of his departure from The People 's Stand , then the official publication of the Guomindang . Originally called Independence Weekly , Zhang set out to establish his new journal as politically moderate and without his former connection to the Guomindang . Shortly after , he recruited as editor his contemporary , Chen Duxiu , who was of similar political ideology . The vast majority of each issue of The Tiger was `` lengthy , logically argued , academic-style essays on government '' These essays often treated Western liberalism or the state 's relation to its people . Nevertheless , a given issue also allowed space for other inclusions like current events , essays in translation , and the occasional work of literature . Operation of the magazine continued , with several months of interruption , from May 1914 until October 1915 , producing a total of ten issues . The majority of the writings were done in classical Chinese prose , greatly limiting exposure to the Chinese public at large . Nevertheless , The Tiger was a very influential political journal during its span of print . In the late stages of The Tiger '' 's existence , Chen Duxiu began his next project , La Jeunesse , for which he began to advertise in The Tiger . Though the two publications eventually shared many of the same writers and much of the same spirit , Chen Duxiu felt that discourse concerning contemporary politics was less important than galvanizing Chinese youth culture . The Tiger '' dissolved shortly after its sister publication came into being in 1915 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05d93e6259f14a0c9a273265ebb8aba2", "text": "Asia and Pacific Rim Peace Conference The Asia and Pacific Rim Peace Conference was held in Beijing , China from October 2-12 , 1952 . Delegates from dozens of countries attended the conference , which including a number of speeches and opening remarks by Chinese communist leader Mao Zedong . The gathering took place against the backdrop of the Korean War and the growing Cold War between the communist East and capitalist West . It coincided with the heyday of positive Sino-Soviet relations . Delegates , mainly affiliated with domestic communist parties , traveled to Beijing from Canada , the United States , Guatemala , Colombia , Pakistan , India and Indonesia . Resolutions were passed , including a signed declaration by the Pakistani and Indian delegates supporting a negotiated settlement to any differences and the resolution of the Kashmir question `` by the people of the Kashmir . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b17c71b76f03d66b96e56191749bd012", "text": "Mao Tse-tung: Ruler of Red China Mao Tse-tung : Ruler of Red China is a book written by Robert Payne and published by Henry Schuman , New York in 1950 , shortly after Mao Zedong ( here his name is transliterated as Mao Tse-tung ) came to power . Fifteen years before the Cultural Revolution , Payne anticipated Mao 's wider interests : Mao holds all the arts of China in his hands . Lenin had neither the learning nor the inclination to assume the role of transformer of culture . Mao , far more widely read and with a comparable subtlety of mind , has clearly determined to accept the position thrust on him , and no one can foresee the changes in the basic structure of Chinese culture which will derive ultimately from his will . Though lacking some of the documents and details that were available in later years , the book discusses the party 's history , including its foundation , in detail . In chapter three , Payne explains how Pravda in 1920 had wrongly reported the formation of a Communist Party of China . This was actually a conference consisting of a mixed bag of anarchists and non-Leninist socialists which `` ended in a fiasco '' . A revised and updated edition was published in 1961 as Portrait of a Revolutionary : Mao Tse-tung . The original edition has been republished several times in recent years : as a paperback in 2007 , as a hardback in 2008 and on Kindle in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e9253cd386be8f75615ad2674fd8bdb", "text": "A Manifesto for a Re-appraisal of Sinology and Reconstruction of Chinese Culture `` A Manifesto for a Re-appraisal of Sinology and Reconstruction of Chinese Culture '' ( 为中国文化敬告世界人士宣言 ; Wei Zhongguo Wenua Jinggao Shijie Renshi Xuanyan ; also translated as `` Declaration on Behalf of Chinese Culture Respectfully Announced to the People of the World '' ) is an essay originally published in China and Taiwan in 1958 . The essay 's collective authors included Carsun Chang ( Zhang Junmai ) , Tang Chun-I ( Tang Junyi ) , Mou Tsung-san ( Mou Zongsan ) , and Hsu Fo-kuan ( Xu Fuguan ) , all `` New Confucianism '' scholars and notable students of Xiong Shili .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbdde3c8dafe2c0cd3b095ea6db5e5d7", "text": "China International Publishing Group The China International Publishing Group ( CIPG ) , also known as the China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration , is the largest foreign-language publishing organisation in China . Established in October 1949 , it has developed into a global media corporation , providing up-to-date information about China to readers worldwide through books , magazines and the Internet . CIPG owns seven subordinate publishing houses , i.e. Foreign Languages Press , New World Press , Morning Glory Publishers , Sinolingua , China Pictorial Publishing House , Dolphin Books and New Star Publishers . The organisation annually publishes over 3,000 titles of books and around 50 journals in more than 10 languages . Notable periodicals include Beijing Review , China Today , China Pictorial , People 's China and China Report . Its subsidiary , the China International Book Trading Corporation is in charge of the distribution . It also runs 20 overseas branches in countries and regions , including the United States , Britain , Germany , Japan , Belgium , Egypt , Mexico and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region , with about 3,000 staff members including around 100 foreign workers . In addition to publishing , CIPG operates a number of websites , including china.org.cn and chinagate.com.cn , releasing news in nine languages , including Chinese ( both in simplified and traditional characters ) , English , French , German , Japanese , Spanish , Arabic , Russian , Korean and Esperanto . It is also responsible for the implementation and management of the national translation test and appraisal for the Chinese Ministry of Personnel . Prominent people who have worked in the CIPG include Nobel Literature Prize-winning novelist and playwright Gao Xingjian , Nobel Prize-nominated poet Bei Dao , actor and politician Ying Ruocheng , known for his role in Oscar-winning The Last Emperor , translators Yang Xianyi and Ye Junjian , author Xiao Qian , non-fiction novel writer Xu Chi , cartoonist Ding Cong , former Chinese Foreign Minister Qiao Guanhua and former UN Undersecretary of State ( 1972-1979 ) Tang Mingzhao . Several foreign employees have also gained notoriety , including the pseudonymous author `` Alex Hill , '' whose account of working as a foreign editor for the organization was widely read in 2015 . In his account , the author writes of feckless bureaucracy , political correctness , and a general feeling of malaise among the many foreigners working in the compound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6967788f2d893aacd78a3202b4142cc0", "text": "Mao Yichang Mao Yichang ( October 15 , 1870 -- January 23 , 1920 ) was a Chinese farmer and grain merchant who achieved notability as the father of revolutionary political theorist Mao Zedong . The nineteenth generation of the Mao clan , he was born and lived his life in the rural village of Shaoshanchong in Shaoshan , Hunan Province . The son of Mao Enpu , he was raised into a poverty-stricken family of farmers . Marrying Wen Qimei when he was ten , he subsequently served for two years in the Chinese army . Returning to agriculture , he became a moneylender and grain merchant , buying up local grain and selling it in the city for a higher price , becoming one of the wealthiest farmers in Shaoshan , with 20 acres of land . He and Wen had four surviving children , Zedong , Zemin , Zetan , and Zejian , the latter of whom was adopted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d115373155ed88c7607e2b9fc733312f", "text": "Science and technology in the People's Republic of China This is about the contemporary People 's Republic of China . `` Science and technology in China '' redirects here . For times predating 1949 , see History of science and technology in China . Science and technology have developed rapidly in the People 's Republic of China during the 1990s to 2010s . The Chinese government has placed emphasis through funding , reform , and societal status on science and technology as a fundamental part of the socio-economic development of the country as well as for national prestige . China has made rapid advances in areas such as education , infrastructure , high-tech manufacturing , academic publishing , patents , and commercial applications and is now in some areas and by some measures a world leader . China is now increasingly targeting indigenous innovation and aims to reform remaining weaknesses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73bd37e1009ec6eb616fe92e9740911d", "text": "Real socialism Real socialism ( also actually existing socialism or developed socialism ) was an ideological catchphrase popularized during the Brezhnev era within the Eastern Bloc countries and the Soviet Union . The term referred to the Soviet-type economic planning enforced by the ruling communist parties at that particular time . From the 1960s onward , countries such as Poland , East Germany , Hungary and Czechoslovakia , began to argue that their policies represented what was realistically feasible given their level of productivity , even if it did not conform to the Marxist concept of socialism . The concept of real socialism alluded to a future highly developed socialist system . However , the lagging productivity growth and insufficient standard of living in the Comecon countries caused the phrase `` real socialism '' to be increasingly perceived as dishonest and unreal . The actual party claims of nomenclatory socialism began to acquire not only negative but also sarcastic meanings . In later years , and especially after the dissolution of the Soviet Union , the term began to be remembered as only one thing , as a reference for Soviet-style socialism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1ba8a7145bc2428a80c1d873626125c", "text": "Cho Ki-chon Cho Ki-chon ( 조기천 6 November 1913 -- 31 July 1951 ) was a Russian-born North Korean poet . He is regarded as `` a founding father of North Korean poetry '' whose distinct Soviet-influenced style of lyrical epic poetry in the socialist realist genre became an important feature of North Korean literature . He was nicknamed `` Korea 's Mayakovsky '' after the writer whose works had had an influence on him and which implied his breaking from the literature of the old society and his commitment to communist values . After a remark made by Kim Jong-il on his 2001 visit to Russia , North Korean media has referred to Cho as the `` Pushkin of Korea '' . Cho was dispatched by the Soviet authorities to liberated Korea when the Red Army entered in 1945 . By that time , he had substantial experience with Soviet literature and literature administration . The Soviets hoped that Cho would shape the cultural institutions of the new state based on the Soviet model . For the Soviets , the move was successful and Cho did not only that but also significantly developed socialist realism as it would become the driving force of North Korean literature and arts . Cho offered some of the earliest contributions to Kim Il-sung 's cult of personality . His most famous work is Mt. Paektu ( 1947 ) , a lyrical epic praising Kim Il-sung 's guerrilla activities and promoting him as a suitable leader for the new North Korean state . Other notable works by Cho include , a seemingly non-political love poem which was later adapted as a popular song that is known in both North and South Korea . During the Korean War , Cho wrote wartime propaganda poems . He died during the war in an American bombing raid . He and his works are still renowned in North Korean society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e20c82dc19a1f54aaee5a7e0e438be5", "text": "Xiao San Xiao San ( ; 10 October 1896 -- 4 February 1983 ) was a Chinese poet and translator . He was fluent in Russian , French , German , and English . Xiao San was the first writer to write a biography of Mao Zedong .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "223eb3f339914fcde3a718cc844891c9", "text": "Nixon goes to China The phrase `` Nixon goes to China '' , `` Nixon to China '' , or `` Nixon in China '' is a historical reference to United States President Richard Nixon 's 1972 visit to the People 's Republic of China , where he met with Chairman Mao Zedong . The metaphor is often expressed as the observation `` Only Nixon could go to China '' or `` It took Nixon to go to China '' . As a political metaphor , it refers to the ability of a politician with an unassailable reputation among his or her supporters for representing and defending their values to take actions that would draw their criticism and even opposition if taken by someone without those credentials . Although the example is that of a hardliner taking steps toward peace with a traditional enemy , and this is the most common application of the metaphor , it could also be applied to a reputedly cautious diplomat defying expectations by taking military action , or a political leader reforming aspects of the political system of which they have been strong supporters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "434e3e3eaf7157f47747ac71095e6df6", "text": "Protest and dissent in China In spite of restrictions on freedom of association and of speech , a wide variety of protests and dissident movements have proliferated in China , particularly in the decades since the death of Mao Zedong . Among the most notable of these were the 1959 Tibetan uprising against Communist Party rule , the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests , which was put down with military force , and the 25 April 1999 demonstration by 10,000 Falun Gong practitioners at Zhongnanhai . Protesters and dissidents in China espouse a wide variety of grievances , including corruption , forced evictions , unpaid wages , human rights abuses , environmental degradation , ethnic protests , petitioning for religious freedom and civil liberties , protests against one-party rule , as well as nationalist protests against foreign countries . The number of annual protests has grown steadily since the early 1990s , from approximately 8700 `` mass group incidents '' in 1993 to over 87,000 in 2005 . In 2006 , the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences estimated the number of annual mass incidents to exceed 90,000 , and Chinese sociology professor Sun Liping estimated 180,000 incidents in 2010 . Mass incidents are defined broadly as `` planned or impromptu gathering that forms because of internal contradictions '' , and can include public speeches or demonstrations , physical clashes , public airings of grievances , and other group behaviors that are seen as disrupting social stability . Despite the increase in protests , some scholars have argued that they may not pose an existential threat to Communist Party rule because they lack `` connective tissue ; '' the preponderance of protests in China are aimed at local-level officials , and only a select few dissident movements seek systemic change .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "597b6eec44e0261bae32af46a0ee7b35", "text": "Constitution of the Communist Party of China The Constitution of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) has 53 Articles and includes contents of General Program , Membership , Organization System , Central Organizations , Local Organizations , Primary Organizations , Party Cadres , Party Discipline , Party Organs for Discipline Inspection , Leading Party Members ' Groups , Relationship Between the Party and the Communist Youth League , Party Emblem and Flag . The Party Constitution currently in force was adopted at the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC in September 1982 . In accordance with the changing situation and tasks , revisions were made in some of the articles at the Thirteenth National Congress in November 1987 and in the General Program and some of the articles at the Fourteenth National Congress in October 1992 , and a few revisions were made in the General Program at the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC in November 2002 . The organizational principle that drives the political system of the PRC is `` democratic centralism '' . Within the system , the democratic feature demands participation and expression of opinion on key policy issues from members at all levels of party organization . It depends on a constant process of consultation and investigation . At the same time , the centralist feature requires that subordinate organizational levels follow the dictates of superior levels . Once the debate has reached the highest level and decisions concerning policy have been made , all party members are obliged to support the Central Committee . The constitution emphasizes the party 's role in promoting socialist democracy , in developing and strengthening a socialist legal system , and in consolidating public resolve to carry out the modernization program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6b59799949d67921a1c17060ef4d08b", "text": "National People's Congress The National People 's Congress ( usually abbreviated NPC ) is the national legislature of the People 's Republic of China . With 2,987 members in 2013 , it is the largest parliamentary body in the world . Under China 's current Constitution , the NPC is structured as a unicameral legislature , with the power to legislate , the power to oversee the operations of the government , and the power to elect the major officers of state . The NPC and the National Committee of the People 's Political Consultative Conference ( CPPCC ) , a consultative body whose members represent various social groups , are the main deliberative bodies of China , and are often referred to as the Lianghui ( Two Assemblies ) . The NPC is elected for a term of five years . It holds annual sessions every spring , usually lasting from 10 to 14 days , in the Great Hall of the People on the west side of Tiananmen Square in Beijing . The NPC 's sessions are usually timed to occur with the meetings of the CPPCC , and these annual meetings provide an opportunity for the officers of state to review past policies and present future plans to the nation . The fourth session of the 12th NPC was held from March 5 to March 16 , 2016 . In theory , the NPC is the highest organ of state power in China , and all four PRC constitutions have vested it with great lawmaking powers . However , in practice it usually acts as a rubber stamp for decisions already made by the state 's executive organs and the Communist Party of China . One of its members , Hu Xiaoyan , told the BBC in 2009 that she has no power to help her constituents . She was quoted as saying , `` As a parliamentary representative , I do n't have any real power . '' In 2014 , the participating party pledged to `` unswervingly adhere to the leadership of Chinese Communist Party . '' Since the 1990s , the NPC has become a forum for mediating policy differences between different parts of the Party , the government , and groups of society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef27111fa074ccd7483aa85db8fd14f6", "text": "Antagonistic contradiction Antagonistic contradiction ( Chinese language : 矛盾 ; Pinyin : Máo dùn ) is the impossibility of compromise between different social classes . The term is most often applied in Maoist theory , which holds that differences between the two primary classes , the working class/proletariat and the bourgeoisie are so great that there is no way to bring about a reconciliation of their views . Because the groups involved have diametrically opposed concerns , their objectives are so dissimilar and contradictory that no mutually acceptable resolution can be found . Nonantagonistic contradictions may be resolved through mere debate , but antagonistic contradictions can only be resolved through struggle . The term is usually attributed to Vladimir Lenin , although he may never have actually used the term in any of his written works . In Maoism , the antagonistic contradiction was usually that between the peasantry and the landowning class . Mao Zedong expressed his views on the policy in his famous February 1957 speech `` On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1e70aedc07ce328363e84d40d8cc2dd", "text": "Persecution of Falun Gong The persecution of Falun Gong refers to the campaign initiated in 1999 by the Chinese Communist Party to eliminate the spiritual practice of Falun Gong in China . It is characterized by a multifaceted propaganda campaign , a program of enforced ideological conversion and re-education , and a variety of extralegal coercive measures such as arbitrary arrests , forced labor , and physical torture , sometimes resulting in death . Falun Gong is a qigong discipline combining slow-moving exercises and meditation with a moral philosophy centered on the tenets of truthfulness , compassion and tolerance . It was founded by Li Hongzhi , who introduced it to the public in May 1992 in Changchun , Jilin . Following a period of rapid growth in the 1990s , the Communist Party launched a campaign to `` eradicate '' Falun Gong on 20 July 1999 . An extra-constitutional body called the 6-10 Office was created to lead the persecution of Falun Gong . The authorities mobilized the state media apparatus , judiciary , police , army , the education system , families , and workplaces against the group . The campaign was driven by large-scale propaganda through television , newspaper , radio and internet . There are reports of systematic torture , illegal imprisonment , forced labor , organ harvesting and abusive psychiatric measures , with the apparent aim of forcing practitioners to recant their belief in Falun Gong . Foreign observers estimate that hundreds of thousands and perhaps millions of Falun Gong practitioners have been detained in `` re-education through labor '' camps , prisons , and other detention facilities for refusing to renounce the spiritual practice . Former prisoners have reported that Falun Gong practitioners consistently received `` the longest sentences and worst treatment '' in labor camps , and in some facilities Falun Gong practitioners formed the substantial majority of detainees . As of 2009 at least 2,000 Falun Gong practitioners had been tortured to death in the persecution campaign . Some international observers and judicial authorities have described the campaign against Falun Gong as a genocide . In 2009 , courts in Spain and Argentina indicted senior Chinese officials for genocide and crimes against humanity for their role in orchestrating the suppression of Falun Gong . In 2006 , allegations emerged that a large number of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed to supply China 's organ transplant industry . An initial investigation found that `` the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained '' and concluded that `` there has been and continues today to be large scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners '' . Ethan Gutmann estimates 65,000 Falun Gong practitioners were killed for their organs from 2000 to 2008 . Following additional analysis , the researchers significantly raised the estimates on the number of Falun Gong practitioners who may have been targeted for organ harvesting . In 2008 United Nations Special Rapporteurs reiterated their requests for `` the Chinese government to fully explain the allegation of taking vital organs from Falun Gong practitioners and the source of organs for the sudden increase in organ transplants that has been going on in China since the year 2000 '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d58468ca498d1990d23664ae90c52fe1", "text": "Communist revolution A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution often , but not necessarily inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism , typically with socialism as an intermediate stage . The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism ; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class . Thus , in the Marxist view , proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world . Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of `` professional revolutionaries '' , men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement . Some Marxists disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin , especially left communists . Some who continue to consider themselves Marxist -- Leninists also oppose the vanguard despite disagreeing with the majority of left communism . These critics insist that the entire working class -- or at least a large part of it -- must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful . To this end , they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships .", "title": "" } ]
fever
76d8699209c5c07ba2b1bfe325bb25db
Veronica Mars is played by an American.
[ { "docid": "ca8ebd34218d2113ce35918ae5caf546", "text": "Veronica Mars (character) Veronica Mars is the fictional protagonist , occasional narrator ( through voiceovers ) , and antiheroine of the American television series Veronica Mars , which aired on UPN from 2004 to 2006 and on The CW from 2006 to 2007 . The character was portrayed by Kristen Bell through the duration of the series . Following the show 's cancellation , Bell reprised the role in the 2014 film continuation . The character , created by Rob Thomas , was originally male and the protagonist of his unproduced novel Untitled Rob Thomas Teen Detective Novel , which eventually became the basis of the series . After the work 's transition from novel to television series , Thomas changed the character 's gender from male to female as he believed a noir piece told from a female point of view would be more interesting . Prior to the series , Veronica had to deal with her best friend Lily being murdered , her father losing his reputation as sheriff and her mother leaving him as a result , and losing her status as one of the popular girls in high school because of it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d2a8709b92b8519760fa31d6756b8d1", "text": "Kristen Bell Kristen Anne Bell ( born July 18 , 1980 ) is an American actress and singer . She began her acting career starring in stage productions and attended the Tisch School of Arts in New York . In 2001 , she made her Broadway debut as Becky Thatcher in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and starred in the Broadway revival of The Crucible the following year . In 2004 , she had a supporting role in the film Spartan and received praise for her first leading performance in Gracie 's Choice . Bell gained critical acclaim for her first major role as the title character in the teen noir drama television series Veronica Mars ( 2004 -- 07 ) . For her performance she was awarded a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television . She reprised the eponymous role in the 2014 film continuation of the series . During her time on Veronica Mars , Bell appeared as Mary Lane in the film Reefer Madness : The Movie Musical ( 2005 ) , a reprise of the role she had played in the New York musical upon which the film was based . In 2007 , Bell joined the cast of the sci-fi series Heroes , playing the character Elle Bishop , for which she was nominated for a Saturn Award . In 2008 , she had her breakout film role as the title character in Forgetting Sarah Marshall . She has since appeared in a number of comedy films , such as Couples Retreat ( 2009 ) , When in Rome ( 2010 ) , You Again ( 2010 ) , and The Boss ( 2016 ) . Bell garnered further recognition for voicing Princess Anna in the Disney film Frozen ( 2013 ) , the short film Frozen Fever ( 2015 ) , and the upcoming Frozen 2 . She also starred as the female lead on the Showtime series House of Lies . Since 2016 , she has starred in the main role of Eleanor Shellstrop on the NBC comedy series The Good Place . Bell married actor Dax Shepard in 2013 , with whom she has two daughters .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "040d3fbf478f304cc3b978947bad5eb2", "text": "Susan Ursitti Susan Ursitti is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ae41fe04ba21eaff65bcdbc0f6177c7", "text": "Robert Hull Robert Hull is an American television writer and producer . He is well known for his work on The CW Television Network drama/Mystery `` Veronica Mars '' and `` Gossip Girl '' as well as the Fox Television Network/Bad Robot drama `` Alcatraz '' produced by J.J. Abrams and the ABC fantasy/mystery series Once Upon a Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d7bd9f9bdac2af58d43937630af0fbd", "text": "Julie Ann Emery Julie Ann Emery ( born January 16 , 1975 ) is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de26d5d806b1459072b31e88e5f3d13c", "text": "Ken Marino Kenneth Joseph `` Ken '' Marino ( born December 19 , 1968 ) is an American actor , comedian , director , and screenwriter . He was a cast member on MTV 's The State and has starred in shows such as Party Down , Marry Me , Burning Love , and Childrens Hospital .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9d8c1230a651134bc1b5f236d84d103", "text": "Julie St. Claire Julie St. Claire ( born Juliette Marie Capone ; June 10 , 1970 ) , is an American actress , director and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "512ef229ce2a4c6003030c5d475d442c", "text": "Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin ( Iļja Baskins , Илья́ За́лманович Ба́скин born 11 August 1950 ) , known as Elya Baskin , is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d43bbbe67d1f2153779bd4361ac0aa0d", "text": "Michael Landon Jr. Michael Graham Landon Jr. ( born June 20 , 1964 ) is an American actor , director , writer , and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fcbddb654e5b79d836e2b9454ea80a5c", "text": "Reynaldo Rey Reynaldo Rey ( born Harry Reynolds ; January 27 , 1940 -- May 28 , 2015 ) was an American actor , comedian , and television personality .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f2987e754ce1cc14906e8add7599105", "text": "Ron Fassler Ron Fassler ( born March 4 , 1957 in New York City ) is an American film and television actor . He is best known for his role as Bryan Grazer , the LAPD captain in the Fox Network cult science fiction TV series Alien Nation . The series was canceled after a short run , but Fox brought it back in 1994 in a series of five TV movies . Fassler reprised his role as Captain Grazer in Alien Nation : Dark Horizon ( 1994 ) , Alien Nation : Body and Soul ( 1995 ) , Alien Nation : Millennium ( 1996 ) , Alien Nation : The Enemy Within ( 1996 ) , and Alien Nation : The Udara Legacy ( 1997 ) . His first TV role was in the 1981 TV movie Senior Trip , which also starred `` Alien Nation '' co-star Jeff Marcus . Seen as Ted Koppel in 2009 ` sWatchmen , Fassler 's first feature film appearance was in the 1990 comedy move Gremlins 2 : The New Batch ( 1990 ) . Other recent films include Charlie Wilson 's War ( 2008 ) , Hancock ( 2008 ) , Walk Hard : The Dewey Cox Story ( 2007 ) , For Your Consideration ( 2006 ) and Flags of Our Fathers ( 2006 ) . Fassler has made many guest appearances on TV shows ranging from NYPD Blue to The Facts of Life , Matlock , 7th Heaven and Star Trek : Voyager , along with recurring roles on Sisters and the recent critically acclaimed Side Order of Life . He even did multiple episodes of The Young and the Restless as Justin Johns . As a writer , Fassler co-wrote the Lifetime TV movie , How I Married My High School Crush ( 2007 ) and also wrote for the sitcom Murphy Brown . More recently , Fassler had a recurring role on the Disney XD sitcom Zeke and Luther where he played reporter Dale Davis . This role has also carried over to other Disney XD sitcoms including Kickin ' It and Pair of Kings . Fassler also appeared in the 2015 movie Trumbo . In recent years , Fassler has been directing shows at Priscilla Beach Theatre . A memoir , `` Up in the Cheap Seats '' which chronicles Fassler 's years as a teenage theatregoer , and includes interviews with more than 100 Broadway theatre artists , will be published in the fall of 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ab193fabf4f061d4b413dc6ea8a6a1f", "text": "Wichita Linebacker `` Wichita Linebacker '' is the third episode of the third season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars , and the forty-seventh episode overall . Written by Phil Klemmer and John Enbom and directed by Harry Winer , the episode premiered on The CW on October 17 , 2006 . The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars ( Kristen Bell ) as she deals with life as a college student while moonlighting as a private detective . In this episode , Veronica helps a football player , Kurt Fenstermacher ( Armie Hammer ) retrieve his stolen playbook . Meanwhile , Piz ( Chris Lowell ) gains a job at the college radio station , and Veronica meets Dean O'Dell ( Ed Begley , Jr. ) for the first time after she gets in trouble for events related to the events that occurred in the previous episode , `` My Big Fat Greek Rush Week '' . Phil Klemmer and John Enbom , the writers of the episode , found the episode difficult to write because they were not very familiar with American football . However , they decided to resolve the problem by making the episode as little about football as possible . `` Wichita Linebacker '' also features a guest appearance by Armie Hammer , as well as the first appearances by Begley , Jr. as Cyrus O'Dell and Ryan Devlin as Mercer Hayes . The episode received mixed to negative reviews , with criticism primarily focusing on the case of the week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "172fb56a40e169d51e926365b43e506d", "text": "Un-American Graffiti `` Un-American Graffiti '' is the sixteenth episode of the third season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars , and the sixtieth episode overall . Written by Robert Hull and directed by John T. Kretchmer , the episode premiered on The CW on May 1 , 2007 . The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars ( Kristen Bell ) as she deals with life as a college student while moonlighting as a private detective . In this episode , Veronica is hired by an Arab couple who own a Middle Eastern restaurant because their restaurant has recently had the word `` terrorist '' spray-painted on it . Meanwhile , Keith ( Enrico Colantoni ) , as acting Sheriff , looks into underage drinking regulations in local bars after the case of a drunk 19-year-old getting hit by a car comes to Keith 's attention , eventually finding that Veronica is handing out convincing fake IDs to her fellow students . In addition , Veronica attends a birthday party run by Logan ( Jason Dohring ) for his new girlfriend Parker ( Julie Gonzalo ) . `` Un-American Graffiti '' was the first episode of the series not to be part of a larger story arc . This was a change that had been decided upon midway through the season , and series creator Thomas thought that this would make the series more accessible to new viewers . In addition , the episode aired after a two-month hiatus , during which period Thomas created the idea for season four taking place in the FBI Academy . In its original broadcast , the episode garnered 2.35 million viewers and generally negative reviews from television critics , with many criticizing the case-of-the-week as cliché and moralistic . Eric Goldman of IGN compared the episode negatively to an after school special , while Rowan Kaiser , writing for The A.V. Club , disliked the portrayal of Rashad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dc25a7f1c07ffd673c318ffca65d793", "text": "Caitlin Dulany Caitlin Dulany is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2b4c2d376b5e59a68b51c3d0cf146cc", "text": "Sally Struthers Sally Anne Struthers ( born July 28 , 1947 ) is an American actress , spokeswoman and activist best known in the United States for her roles as Gloria Stivic , the daughter of Archie and Edith Bunker ( played by Carroll O'Connor and Jean Stapleton ) on All in the Family , for which she won two Emmy awards , and as Babette on Gilmore Girls . She was the voice of Charlene Sinclair on the ABC sitcom Dinosaurs and Rebecca Cunningham on the Disney animated series TaleSpin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c6d371d5b083123fb607164edfe0e4e", "text": "Teddy Dunn Edward Wilkes `` Teddy '' Dunn ( born June 19 , 1980 ) is an Australian-born American lawyer and former actor known for his portrayal of Duncan Kane in the Rob Thomas television series Veronica Mars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b5dff9513bf01faf58e4cffc28d57ad", "text": "Bill Raymond William Joseph `` Bill '' Raymond ( born September 9 , 1938 ) is an American actor who has appeared in film , television and theatre since the 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "319a3f5a4398cb826006d94589502d44", "text": "The American Way (film) The American Way , also known as Riders of the Storm , is a 1986 American science fiction comedy film directed by Maurice Phillips and starring Dennis Hopper and Michael J. Pollard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c40d352529739e2683f831dc0e83a420", "text": "Charles Bateman (actor) Charles Wilbur Bateman ( born November 18 , 1930 , San Diego , California ) is an American actor most notably recognized for roles on television from 1958 to 1991 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d18af004a53728ddd61e9460a6d709f", "text": "Robert Mars Robert Mars ( born 19 December 1969 ) is a contemporary American artist known for his Futurelic Popforms celebrating icons of the Golden Era of the 1950s and 1960s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "242c6bcb17f923496355b0a19c22f5fc", "text": "Matt Ross (actor) Matthew Brandon `` Matt '' Ross ( born January 3 , 1970 ) is an American actor , director and screenwriter . He wrote and directed the feature film Captain Fantastic , starring Viggo Mortensen , for which he won Un Certain Regard ( recognition of young talent ) at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival . Before that , Ross made seven short films , including The Language of Love , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . As an actor , Ross is best known for his roles as Gavin Belson in the HBO series Silicon Valley , Alby Grant in the HBO series Big Love , Glenn Odekirk in The Aviator , and Luis Carruthers in American Psycho . He was also Eddie Scott in the 2005 film Good Night , and Good Luck , for which he was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . He also directed the feature film 28 Hotel Rooms , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . In 2011 and 2015 , he played Charles Montgomery in the first and fifth seasons of FX 's anthology series American Horror Story . He is married to the writer Phyllis Grant , with whom he has two children : Isabel `` Bella '' and Dashiell `` Dash '' Ross .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74c8b11fc5f85aee25ccdc2c582f5574", "text": "Claudia Wells Claudia Grace Wells ( born July 5 , 1966 ) is an American actress .", "title": "" } ]
fever
235b6f045e4aa39326ef00f6e79664a1
Man of Steel features a DC Comics character.
[ { "docid": "fec9898b1ed5ec6ff3421838dd3c4a6b", "text": "Man of Steel (film) Man of Steel is a 2013 superhero film featuring the DC Comics character Superman . It is a British-American venture produced by Legendary Pictures , DC Entertainment , Syncopy Inc. , and Cruel and Unusual Films , and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is the first installment in the DC Extended Universe . The film is directed by Zack Snyder , written by David S. Goyer , and stars Henry Cavill , Amy Adams , Michael Shannon , Kevin Costner , Diane Lane , Laurence Fishburne , Antje Traue , Ayelet Zurer , Christopher Meloni , and Russell Crowe . Man of Steel is a reboot of the Superman film series that retells the character 's origin story . In the film , Clark Kent learns that he is a superpowered alien from the planet Krypton and assumes the role of mankind 's protector as Superman , but finds himself having to prevent General Zod from destroying humanity . Development began in 2008 , when Warner Bros. took pitches from comic book writers , screenwriters and directors , opting to reboot the franchise . In 2009 , a court ruling resulted in Jerry Siegel 's family recapturing the rights to Superman 's origins and Siegel 's copyright . The decision stated that Warner Bros. did not owe the families additional royalties from previous films , but if they did not begin production on a Superman film by 2011 , then the Shuster and Siegel estates would be able to sue for lost revenue on an unproduced film . Producer Christopher Nolan pitched Goyer 's idea after story discussion on The Dark Knight Rises , and Snyder was hired as the film 's director in October 2010 . Principal photography began in August 2011 in West Chicago , Illinois , before moving to Vancouver and Plano , Illinois . Man of Steel was released in theaters on June 14 , 2013 , in conventional 2D , 3D , and IMAX formats . Despite receiving mixed reviews , the film became a box office success , grossing over $ 668 million worldwide . Critics praised the film 's visuals , action sequences , and Hans Zimmer 's musical score but criticized its pacing and lack of character development . A follow-up , Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice was released on March 25 , 2016 while a standalone Superman sequel is in active development .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499", "text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d09d340912842f7c90106e76f11f1010", "text": "Superman (Earth-Two) Superman of Earth-Two is an alternate version of the fictional superhero Superman , who appears in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was introduced after DC Comics created Earth-Two , a parallel world that was retroactively established as the home of characters whose adventures had been published in the Golden Age of comic books . This allowed creators to publish Superman comic books taking place in current continuity while being able to disregard Golden Age stories , solving an incongruity , as Superman had been published as a single ongoing incarnation since inception . The character first appeared in Justice League of America vol . 1 # 73 ( August 1969 ) , and his Kryptonian birth name is Kal-L .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37927b2c23d47d05b19f5945d0d4cf6b", "text": "Guardian (DC Comics) Guardian ( James Jacob `` Jim '' Harper ) is a DC Comics superhero . Guardian resembles an earlier Kirby and Simon character Captain America ( first published in March 1941 by Marvel Comics ) in that he had no super powers and carried an indestructible shield .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b38916b0f92c28cc89a41a556de5ac5f", "text": "The Adventures of Superman (novel) The Adventures of Superman is a novel by George Lowther . It was first published in 1942 with illustrations by Joe Shuster , the co-creator of Superman . A facsimile edition was released in 1995 by Applewood Books , with a new introduction by Roger Stern . This book is the first novelization of a comic book character , and also the first Superman story credited to someone other than Jerry Siegel . It was Lowther who first provided many now-familiar details of Superman 's birth and early life . The first two chapters provided the first detailed description of the planet Krypton , and renamed Kal-El 's parents Jor-El and Lara who previously had been named Jor-L and Lora . The next three chapters dealt with Clark Kent 's childhood on the farm of his adoptive parents , Eben and Sarah Kent . ( In the comics , the Kents suffered through many name changes before settling on Jonathan and Martha in 1952 . ) In the sixth chapter , Clark arrived in Metropolis and got a job with the Daily Planet , while the remaining eleven chapters deal with a mystery involving ghost ships and Nazi spies . The book is illustrated with four full-page color illustrations , six full-page black-and-white illustrations , and numerous sketches , all examples of Joe Shuster 's work . Category :1942 American novels Category : Superman novels Category :1940 s fantasy novels", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd83c9c0f48cf3ce95dab89af9fb990e", "text": "The World's Greatest Super-Heroes The World 's Greatest Super-Heroes is the name to the oversized slipcased hardcover anthology collection , that reprinted six oversized graphic novels all created by artist Alex Ross and writer Paul Dini . Four graphic novels were originally published to celebrate the 60th anniversary of DC main characters : Superman , Batman , Captain Marvel and Wonder Woman , thus Superman : Peace on Earth were published in 1998 , Batman : War on Crime in 1999 , Shazam ! : Power of Hope in 2000 and finally Wonder Woman : Spirit of Truth in 2001 . Alex Ross original idea was make a statement about the four superhero comics archetypes : Science Fiction ( Superman ) , Crime/Mystery ( Batman ) , Magic ( Captain Marvel ) and Myth ( Wonder Woman ) . In the following year , DC Comics also published one extra book : JLA : Secret Origins . Not featuring any storyline whatsoever , it only presented the origins of the four main characters already published in the previous books and the origins of other Justice League characters : Green Lantern , Flash , Green Arrow , Black Canary , Martian Manhunter , Hawkman , Hawkgirl and Plastic Man . Every origin was present in two-pages layout based on Joe Shuster 's origin of Superman from Action Comics # 1 . The final book , published in 2003 , JLA : Liberty and Justice presented a full story featuring the entire group , the first time that Alex Ross was able to use all characters in the current timeline . The artwork is of Ross ' very own photorealism , and the books themselves were created after the success of Ross ' and writer Mark Waid 's famous Kingdom Come . The World 's Greatest Super-Heroes was released on August 1 , 2005 on dust-jacket slipcase hardcover edition ( 9.6 '' x 13 '' ) and got paperback reprint ( 8.2 '' x 11 '' ) on September 28 , 2010 . Both collected versions are smaller than the original Treasury Editions ( 10 '' x 13.5 '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96755d5fbc3315f0d7c6c2a2a5cf7c88", "text": "Krypton (comics) Krypton , a planet appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The planet is the native world of Superman and is named after the element krypton , which is abundant in its atmosphere . The planet was created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and was first referred to in Action Comics # 1 ( June 1938 ) . The planet made its first full appearance in Superman # 1 ( Summer 1939 ) . Krypton is also the native world of Supergirl , Krypto the Superdog , and Power Girl ( in her case , an alternate-universe version designated `` Krypton-Two '' ) . It has been consistently described as having been destroyed shortly after Superman 's flight from the planet , although the exact details of its destruction vary by time period and writers . Kryptonians were the dominant species on Krypton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50dc70bdc3c19b7f66c8e4ccf94ccdfa", "text": "Hammerhead (comics) Hammerhead is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is primarily an enemy of Spider-Man and a member of organized crime who exists in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe . He is closely associated with the Hammerhead `` Family '' , a Maggia crime family . Hammerhead distinguishes himself from other villains in that he dresses up and acts somewhat like a gangster from the 1920s . Due to an injury he suffered , much of his skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy by Jonas Harrow , giving his head a flattened shape .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d560e8dcb05755b26941aa8706f533d", "text": "Alternative versions of Lex Luthor The fictional character Lex Luthor has appeared in a number of media , always as the archenemy of Superman . Each version of the work typically establishes its own continuity , and sometimes introduces parallel universes , to the point where distinct differences in the portrayal of the character can be identified . In addition , the DC Universe has been rewritten a number of times , establishing additional versions of the character . This article details and lists various versions of Lex Luthor depicted in works including DC Comics Multiverse , Elseworlds , television and film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee", "text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a", "text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42ac586ee826cdf853d46056a85d48a2", "text": "Dick Grayson Richard John `` Dick '' Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with Batman . Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson , he first appeared in Detective Comics # 38 in April 1940 as the original incarnation of Robin . In Tales of the Teen Titans # 44 ( July 1984 ) the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing , created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez . The youngest in a family of acrobats known as the `` Flying Graysons '' , Dick watches a mafia boss kill his parents in order to extort money from the circus that employed them . Batman ( Bruce Wayne ) takes him in as a legal ward ( retconned as an adopted son in some cases ) and the crime-fighting partner Robin . He is written by many authors as the first son of Batman . As well as being Batman 's crime-fighting partner , Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans , a team of teenage superheroes . As a young man , he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence , becoming Nightwing . As Nightwing , he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders . In the first volume of his eponymous series ( 1996 -- 2009 ) , he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven , Gotham 's economically troubled neighboring city , the locale the character is most closely associated with . He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York , Chicago and Gotham in other runs over the years . Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions . Following `` Batman : Knightfall '' , Grayson declines taking up the mantle of Batman while the original was recovering from a broken back as he feels Nightwing is a hero in his own right and not Batman 's understudy , but after the events of the Zero Hour miniseries later that year , he replaces Bruce Wayne as Batman , beginning in Robin # 0 ( 1994 ) and extending throughout the Batman : Prodigal storyline in 1995 . Dick again assumes the mantle following the events of `` Batman R.I.P. '' ( 2008 ) and Final Crisis ( 2008 -- 9 ) . As Batman , Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentor 's apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin , Damian Wayne . On Bruce 's return , both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011 , when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DC 's The New 52 continuity reboot . In a 2014 comic story , Dick is forced to abandon the Nightwing identity after being unmasked on TV and faking his death , setting up Tim Seeley 's Grayson comic book , Dick becomes Agent 37 , Batman 's mole in the nefarious spy organization Spyral . Following the conclusion of the Grayson series , and the restoration of his secret identity in the series ' final issue , Dick returns to being Nightwing as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch in 2016 . Dick Grayson has appeared as Robin in several other media adaptations : the 1943 serial played by Douglas Croft , the 1949 serial played by Johnny Duncan , the 1966 -- 1968 live action Batman television series and its motion picture portrayed by Burt Ward , played by Chris O'Donnell in the 1995 film Batman Forever and its 1997 sequel Batman & Robin . Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman : The Animated Series and later as Nightwing 's first screen adaptation in The New Batman Adventures . In May 2011 , IGN ranked Dick Grayson # 11 on their list of the `` Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time '' . In 2013 , ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as # 1 on their list of the `` 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed5033773b1b8cf20deb32e0ed539dfb", "text": "Java (comics) Java is a fictional DC Comics supervillain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c69ba9951b5670baae23243baeb824f", "text": "Professor Hamilton Professor Emil Hamilton is a fictional comic book character appearing in books published by DC Comics , usually as a supporting character in stories featuring Superman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58c447d89a104bcce06b8cbdb6fb9720", "text": "Superman – Ride of Steel Superman -- Ride of Steel is a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags America amusement park near Upper Marlboro , Maryland . Ride of Steel is an identical model located at Darien Lake amusement park in Darien , New York . Both are hypercoasters reaching heights above 200 ft , and were manufactured by Intamin . The installation at Darien Lake opened to the public on May 15 , 1999 , and the replica at Six Flags America opened a year later on May 13 , 2000 . Six Flags New England 's Superman the Ride roller coaster was previously known as `` Superman -- Ride of Steel '' prior to 2009 , but it features a significantly different layout .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f537a49e193c434d65c0675676072b0", "text": "Mandroid A Mandroid is a fictional suit of power armor appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "406d3db0017dc275802d0f506ee18346", "text": "Plastic Man Plastic Man ( real name Patrick `` Eel '' O'Brian ) is a fictional comic book superhero originally published by Quality Comics and later acquired by DC Comics . Created by cartoonist Jack Cole , Plastic Man was one of the first superheroes to incorporate humor into mainstream action storytelling . The character has been published in several solo series and has interacted with other characters in the mainstream DC Universe as a member of the Justice League . He has additionally appeared in several television and video game adaptations , including a short-lived television show of his own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "936dafaa10a1ece6d4530de0956d71de", "text": "Superman: World of New Krypton Superman : World of New Krypton is a twelve-issue American comic book limited series produced by DC Comics . It is written by the team of James Robinson and Greg Rucka , who at the time of this publication are the current writers of the Superman and Action Comics titles , and illustrated by artist Pete Woods . World of New Krypton takes place after the crossover Superman : New Krypton , in which approximately 100,000 Kryptonians and their city of Kandor are saved by Superman from the alien Brainiac and restored to existence . After spending time on Earth , the Kryptonians raise the city into space where they form the planet New Krypton in Earth 's solar system .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c57ed37ff7b230dcd27dfd4201c39f06", "text": "Wonder Wart-Hog Wonder Wart-Hog ( the `` Hog of Steel '' ) is an underground comic book character , a porcine parody of Superman , created by Gilbert Shelton and Tony Bell . Wonder War-Hog is a violent , reactionary , amoral `` superhero '' who hypocritically murders and rapes people he does not approve of .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afd983ce80863b7f14f0bfce0a9e7e68", "text": "All Star DC Comics All Star was an imprint of ongoing comic book titles published by American company DC Comics that ran from 2005 to 2008 . DC has published two titles under the All-Star banner , featuring Batman and Superman . The premise of the imprint was to partner DC Comics ' top tier characters with the most popular and acclaimed writers and artists . The creators had access to all elements in the characters ' histories to present their interpretation for a modern audience that have not read these DC characters ' comics previously , or had not seen them lately . The creative teams were not beholden to any previous and present continuities , and told stories that featured `` the most iconic versions of these characters '' . The project had been compared to the Ultimate line of Marvel Comics , which was a successful attempt to re-introduce Marvel 's most popular characters to a new generation of readers by presenting new , updated versions unburdened by decades of plotlines . There were several differences between the two imprints , though . While the Ultimate titles have closely interrelated storylines , of the two All-Star series released , there has been no effort to make them conform to each other or indicate they exist in the same continuity . Another is that All-Star did not seek to introduce brand new versions of the characters so much as to present them in unhindered continuity . Robin 's origin was the only one `` rebooted '' in this imprint . Some observers , and DC themselves , had pointed to the return of DC 's major film franchises as an impetus for All-Star . `` No one can doubt that some kind of continuity shedding is necessary with Superman and Batman coming to the big screens , '' the website Comicon.com wrote . `` Moviegoers entertained by these films would find the current comics storylines impenetrable '' . With the end of Grant Morrison and Frank Quitely 's All-Star Superman and the rebranding of Frank Miller and Jim Lee 's All Star Batman and Robin as Dark Knight : Boy Wonder as well as the introduction of the DC : Earth One line of OGNs , the imprint is effectively defunct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd021f650839e73bc7b4078177940589", "text": "Justice Machine The Justice Machine is a fictional team of superheroes originally created by Michael Gustovich and appearing in comic books from many small publishers in the 1980s and 1990s .", "title": "" } ]
fever
41a63121be279c22b5dd37fc4785a16b
2001: A Space Odyssey was financed.
[ { "docid": "27d198178276cdf2f38f0284f37e25b2", "text": "2001: A Space Odyssey (film) 2001 : A Space Odyssey is a 1968 epic science-fiction film produced and directed by Stanley Kubrick . The screenplay was written by Kubrick and Arthur C. Clarke , partially inspired by Clarke 's short story `` The Sentinel '' . Clarke concurrently wrote the novel 2001 : A Space Odyssey , published soon after the film was released . The film follows a voyage to Jupiter with the sentient computer Hal after the discovery of a mysterious black monolith affecting human evolution . It deals with the themes of existentialism , human evolution , technology , artificial intelligence , and extraterrestrial life . It is noted for its scientifically accurate depiction of space flight , pioneering special effects , and ambiguous imagery . It uses sound and minimal dialogue in place of traditional narrative techniques ; the soundtrack consists of classical music such as Gayane Ballet Suite , The Blue Danube , Also sprach Zarathustra , and pieces from contemporary composer György Ligeti . 2001 : A Space Odyssey was financed and distributed by American studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , but it was filmed and edited almost entirely in England using the studio facilities of the MGM-British Studios and those of Shepperton Studios , mostly because of the availability of much larger sound stages than in the United States . Production was subcontracted to Kubrick 's production company , and care was taken that the film would be sufficiently British to qualify for subsidy from the Eady Levy . Kubrick had shot his previous two films in England and decided to settle there permanently during filming . 2001 : A Space Odyssey initially received mixed reactions from critics and audiences , but it garnered a cult following and slowly became the highest-grossing North American film of 1968 . It was nominated for four Academy Awards and received one for its visual effects . The sequel 2010 was released in 1984 , directed by Peter Hyams . Today , 2001 : A Space Odyssey is widely regarded as one of the greatest and most influential films ever made . In 1991 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the United States Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . The critics ' polls in the 2002 and 2012 editions of Sight & Sound magazine ranked 2001 : A Space Odyssey sixth in the top ten films of all time ; it also tied for second place in the directors ' poll of the same magazine . In 2010 , it was named the greatest film of all time by The Moving Arts Film Journal .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6ecb85192e97080f4e9a04417abf89da", "text": "Commercial Crew Development Commercial Crew Development ( CCDev ) is a multiphase , space technology development program that is funded by the U.S. government and administered by NASA . The program is intended to stimulate development of privately operated crew vehicles to be launched into low Earth orbit . The program is run by NASA 's Commercial Crew and Cargo Program Office ( C3PO ) . In 2010 , in the first phase of the program , NASA provided $ 50 million combined to five American companies ; the money was intended for research and development into private-sector human spaceflight concepts and technologies . NASA solicited a second set of CCdev proposals for technology development projects lasting for a maximum of 14 months in October of that year . In April 2011 , NASA announced they would award up to nearly $ 270 million to four companies as they met their CCDev 2 objectives . NASA awarded Space Act Agreements for the third phase , named CCiCap , in August 2012 ; this would last until 2014 . CCiCap is followed by CCtCap with Federal Acquisition Regulation ( FAR ) Part 15 contracts , which formed the fourth and final phase of the program . Contracts were awarded to SpaceX and Boeing in September 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659", "text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7911aeffd13d22ec6cff8f5c783edd69", "text": "Goddard Space Flight Center The Goddard Space Flight Center ( GSFC ) is a major NASA space research laboratory established on May 1 , 1959 as NASA 's first space flight center . GSFC employs approximately 10,000 civil servants and contractors , and is located approximately 6.5 mi northeast of Washington , D.C. in Greenbelt , Maryland , United States . GSFC , one of ten major NASA field centers , is named in recognition of Dr. Robert H. Goddard ( 1882 -- 1945 ) , the pioneer of modern rocket propulsion in the United States . GSFC is the largest combined organization of scientists and engineers in the United States dedicated to increasing knowledge of the Earth , the Solar System , and the Universe via observations from space . GSFC is a major U.S. laboratory for developing and operating unmanned scientific spacecraft . GSFC conducts scientific investigation , development and operation of space systems , and development of related technologies . Goddard scientists can develop and support a mission , and Goddard engineers and technicians can design and build the spacecraft for that mission . Goddard scientist John C. Mather shared the 2006 Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on COBE . GSFC also operates two spaceflight tracking and data acquisition networks ( the Space Network and the Near Earth Network ) , develops and maintains advanced space and Earth science data information systems , and develops satellite systems for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration ( NOAA ) . GSFC manages operations for many NASA and international missions including the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ) , the Explorer program , the Discovery Program , the Earth Observing System ( EOS ) , INTEGRAL , MAVEN , OSIRIS-REx , the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory ( SOHO ) , the Solar Dynamics Observatory ( SDO ) , and Swift . Past missions managed by GSFC include the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ) , Compton Gamma Ray Observatory , SMM , COBE , IUE , and ROSAT . Typically , unmanned earth observation missions and observatories in Earth orbit are managed by GSFC , while unmanned planetary missions are managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ) in Pasadena , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcb046c6565befdfb6e284912a8d9da3", "text": "Contact (1997 American film) Contact is a 1997 American science fiction drama film directed by Robert Zemeckis . It is a film adaptation of Carl Sagan 's 1985 novel of the same name ; Sagan and his wife Ann Druyan wrote the story outline for the film . Jodie Foster portrays the film 's protagonist , Dr. Eleanor `` Ellie '' Arroway , a SETI scientist who finds strong evidence of extraterrestrial life and is chosen to make first contact . The film also stars Matthew McConaughey , James Woods , Tom Skerritt , William Fichtner , John Hurt , Angela Bassett , Jake Busey , and David Morse . Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan began working on the film in 1979 . Together , they wrote a 100 + page film treatment and set up Contact at Warner Bros. with Peter Guber and Lynda Obst as producers . When development stalled on the film , Sagan published Contact as a novel in 1985 and the film adaptation was rejuvenated in 1989 . Roland Joffé and George Miller had planned to direct it , but Joffé dropped out in 1993 and Warner Bros. fired Miller in 1995 . Robert Zemeckis was eventually hired to direct , and filming for Contact lasted from September 1996 to February 1997 . Sony Pictures Imageworks handled most of the visual effects sequences . The film was released on July 11 , 1997 , to mostly positive reviews . Contact grossed approximately $ 171 million in worldwide box office totals . The film won the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation and received multiple awards and nominations at the Saturn Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e363605646e38b2694838393c67ddd8", "text": "Small Business Innovation Research The Small Business Innovation Research ( or SBIR ) program is a United States Government program , coordinated by the Small Business Administration , intended to help certain small businesses conduct research and development ( R&D ) . Funding takes the form of contracts or grants . The recipient projects must have the potential for commercialization and must meet specific U.S. Government R&D needs . The SBIR program was created to support scientific excellence and technological innovation through the investment of federal research funds in critical American priorities to build a strong national economy ... one business at a time . In the words of program founder Roland Tibbetts : `` to provide funding for some of the best early-stage innovation ideas -- ideas that , however promising , are still too high risk for private investors , including venture capital firms . '' For the purposes of the SBIR program , the term `` small business '' is defined as a for-profit business with fewer than 500 employees , owned by one or more individuals who are citizens of , or permanent resident aliens in , the United States of America . Funds are obtained by allocating a certain percentage of the total extramural ( R&D ) budgets of the 11 federal agencies with extramural research budgets in excess of $ 100 million . Approximately $ 2.5 billion is awarded through this program each year . The United States Department of Defense ( DoD ) is the largest agency in this program with approximately $ 1 billion in SBIR grants annually . Over half the awards from the DoD are to firms with fewer than 25 people and a third to firms of fewer than 10 . A fifth are minority or women-owned businesses . Historically a quarter of the companies receiving grants are receiving them for the first-time . Besides the DoD , there are also programs with the National Institutes of Health , the National Science Foundation , the Department of Agriculture , and others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dcf5511dd500aef4f98dd3b5a41c8ddb", "text": "Pay It Forward (film) Pay It Forward is a 2000 American drama-romance film based on the novel of the same name by Catherine Ryan Hyde . The film is set in Las Vegas in the present day , and it chronicles 12-year-old Trevor McKinney 's launch of a goodwill movement known as ` pay it forward ' . Directed by Mimi Leder and written by Leslie Dixon , the film stars Haley Joel Osment as Trevor , Helen Hunt as his alcoholic single mother Arlene McKinney , and Kevin Spacey as his physically and emotionally scarred social studies teacher Eugene Simonet . Pay It Forward was released on October 20 , 2000 to mixed reviews , with most critics praising the acting , writing , music and cinematography but criticizing the story and accusing it of excessive emotional manipulation , particularly in its ending . The film was a moderate box office success , earning just over $ 55.7 million on a $ 40 million budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d905f49e1fee77347951880192b736f", "text": "Crowdfunding in video games Video game development has typically been funded by large publishing companies or are alternatively paid for mostly by the developers themselves as independent titles . Other funding may come from government incentives or from private funding . Crowdfunding , where the players of the video games pay to back the development efforts of a game , has become a popular means of finding alternate investment routes . As a way of game monetization , the use of crowdfunding in video games has had a history for several years prior to 2012 , but was not seen as viable and limited to small-scale games . The crowdfunding mechanism for video games received significant attention in February 2012 due to the success of Double Fine Adventure ( later renamed as Broken Age ) , a point-and-click adventure game which raised more than $ 3 million through the Kickstarter service , greatly exceeding the initial $ 400,000 request and becoming the highest funded project through Kickstarter at that time . A further boost to the model was seen in July 2012 when the Ouya , a low-cost video game console to be built on the open Android system and designed to take advantage of the mobile video game trend , surpassed $ 8 million in funding . By mid-2016 , more than $ 186 million has been pledged to video game-related projects through Kickstarter alone . Less than half of video game crowd-funded projects successfully raise their target funds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7056a75f1f12da89d4b78dcb88ea6202", "text": "Social Capital Entertainment Social Capital Entertainment is an American film production company involved in film , music and interactive entertainment . The company was founded in 2004 by producer and real estate investor Martin Shore together with Jonathan Platt and Jonathan Miller . Social Capital produced and financed the psychological thriller , Tell Tale , together with Ridley and Tony Scott . Tell Tale starred Josh Lucas , Lena Heady and Brian Cox , and was directed by Michael Cuesta ( L.I.E. , Dexter ) . They are soon to release 2001 Maniacs : Field of Screams , the sequel to 2001 Maniacs , the 2005 Social Capital horror film . Other previous films include the period drama The Countess ( Julie Delpy 's follow-up to 2 Days in Paris ) and Snoop Dogg 's Hood of Horror ( Lionsgate ) . The company has also produced soundtracks for such films as Saw ( Lionsgate ) , Saw II ( Lionsgate ) , Rize ( Lionsgate ) and Rock School ( Newmarket ) , as well as for television series including Summerland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b871a2ab4a4821e8a78120a9e711c98a", "text": "2001 Mars Odyssey 2001 Mars Odyssey is a robotic spacecraft orbiting the planet Mars . The project was developed by NASA , and contracted out to Lockheed Martin , with an expected cost for the entire mission of US$ 297 million . Its mission is to use spectrometers and a thermal imager to detect evidence of past or present water and ice , as well as study the planet 's geology and radiation environment . It is hoped that the data Odyssey obtains will help answer the question of whether life has ever existed on Mars and create a risk-assessment of the radiation future astronauts on Mars might experience . It also acts as a relay for communications between the Mars Exploration Rovers , Mars Science Laboratory , and previously the Phoenix lander to Earth . The mission was named as a tribute to Arthur C. Clarke , evoking the name of 2001 : A Space Odyssey . Odyssey was launched April 7 , 2001 , on a Delta II rocket from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station , and reached Mars orbit on October 24 , 2001 , at 02:30 UTC ( October 23 , 19:30 PDT , 22:30 EDT ) . It is currently in a polar orbit around Mars with an altitude of about 3,800 km or 2,400 miles . By December 15 , 2010 , it broke the record for longest serving spacecraft at Mars , with 3,340 days of operation , claiming the title from NASA 's Mars Global Surveyor . It currently holds the record for the longest-surviving continually active spacecraft in orbit around a planet other than Earth , ahead of the Pioneer Venus Orbiter , at .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b159334e065afdd32e119ad7d2a71a7", "text": "Space Shuttle design process See also Space Shuttle program - Conception and development Even before the Project Apollo moon landing in 1969 , NASA began studies of space shuttle designs as early as October 1968 . The early studies were denoted `` Phase A '' , and in June 1970 , `` Phase B '' , which were more detailed and specific . The primary intended use of the space shuttle was supporting the future space station , ferrying a minimum crew of four and about 20000 lb of cargo , and able to be rapidly turned around for future flights . Two designs emerged as front-runners . One was designed by engineers at the Manned Spaceflight Center , and championed especially by George Mueller . This was a two-stage system with delta-winged spacecraft , and generally complex . An attempt to re-simplify was made in the form of the DC-3 , designed by Maxime Faget , who had designed the Mercury capsule among other vehicles . Numerous offerings from a variety of commercial companies were also offered , but generally fell by the wayside as each NASA lab pushed for its own version . All of this was taking place in the midst of other NASA teams proposing a wide variety of post-Apollo missions , a number of which would cost as much as Apollo or more . As each of these projects fought for funding , the NASA budget was at the same time being severely constrained . Three were eventually presented to Vice President Agnew in 1969 . The shuttle project rose to the top , largely due to tireless campaigning by its supporters . By 1970 the shuttle had been selected as the one major project for the short-term post-Apollo time frame . When funding for the program came into question , there were concerns that the project might be cancelled . This led to an effort to interest the US Air Force in using the shuttle for their missions as well . The Air Force was mildly interested , but demanded a much larger vehicle , far larger than the original concepts . To lower the development costs of the resulting designs , boosters were added , a throw-away fuel tank was adopted , and many other changes made that greatly lowered the reusability and greatly added to vehicle and operational costs . With the Air Force 's approval , the system emerged in its operational form .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e968b7a371aef224cf329ad974c3a476", "text": "Odyssey (WBEZ) Odyssey was a daily talk show of ideas produced by WBEZ Chicago Public Radio . Hosted by Gretchen Helfrich , Odyssey explored topics ranging from religion in the public sphere to reasoning about risk ; pacifism to post-national identity ; memory to Microsoft ; societal views on mental health to the state of marriage . Odyssey first went on the air in Chicago in 1998 and was launched as Chicago Public Radio 's newest national program in November 2001 . `` Talk radio has a reputation for being either inflammatory or pretentious , '' said Torey Malatia , the president and general manager of Chicago Public Radio . `` Odyssey moves this format in a new direction by providing a forum for the best minds in fields as diverse as politics , science , culture , philosophy , law , and the arts to engage in insightful conversation . '' Odysseys guests had varied and complementary views and were invited to investigate ideas and issues -- rather than just to debate them . The first part of the program was an in-depth discussion of ideas that influence the world in which we live . Towards the end of each show , listeners were invited to call in and join the conversation . Barack Obama made at least three appearances on the show engaging in deep , non-political , discussions of public policy for the duration of the program . The theme music for the show was written by little-known Chicago band OK Go , who later went on to wider fame . Helfrich and other radio personalities also appeared in a video for the band . Odyssey ended production on September 30 , 2005 , and the audio is archived at Archive.org . When the show ended , its host Gretchen Helfrich enrolled in the University of Chicago Law School , graduating in 2009 with honors . In 2014 she joined the civil rights law firm of Loevy & Loevy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8678cfd4df9b27b96e6c1cc617019e7", "text": "Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures Stanley Kubrick : A Life in Pictures is a 2001 documentary about the life and work of Stanley Kubrick , famed film director , made by his long-time assistant and brother-in-law Jan Harlan . Its running time is 142 minutes long , it consists of several 15-minute chapters , each detailing the making of one of his films -- and two more showing his childhood and life . Jan Harlan managed to get many of Kubrick 's collaborators for interviews , including Tom Cruise , Nicole Kidman , Keir Dullea , Arthur C. Clarke , Malcolm McDowell , Peter Ustinov , Jack Nicholson , György Ligeti and Matthew Modine . It also has interviews from film directors who were inspired by Kubrick such as Woody Allen , Steven Spielberg , Martin Scorsese and Sydney Pollack . The film contains some rare footage , including from the Kubrick family home videos and on film sets , and clips from Fear and Desire - Kubrick 's first feature-length film . It was released on DVD on October 23 , 2007 , and was featured on the tenth disc of Stanley Kubrick : The Essential Collection and Stanley Kubrick : Limited Edition Collection DVD and Blu-ray released May 31 , 2011 , respectively . The documentary was also bundled in a box set of some of Kubrick 's other films released January 22 , 2008 . The soundtrack of the film is by composer and musician Jocelyn Pook , who had previously worked with Kubrick on Eyes Wide Shut .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64877a8f55321779aec1f1c56518690c", "text": "Ensemble Studios Ensemble Studios is a video game developer initially established in 1995 as an independent company by Tony Goodman , Rick Goodman , Bruce Shelley , Brian Sullivan and John Boog-Scott , and was acquired by Microsoft in 2001 and operated as an internal studio until 2009 , when its development capabilities was officially disbanded , now it operates as support . Ensemble developed many real-time strategy games , including the Age of Empires game series , Age of Mythology , and Halo Wars . In addition to game development , Ensemble Studios also made the Genie Game Engine used in Age of Empires , Age of Empires II : The Age of Kings , and Star Wars : Galactic Battlegrounds . The studio sold 20 million games and was worth an estimated $ 500 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c2b53d1096a2ea61d18834f58e99000", "text": "Transport finance Transport finance is the subject that explores how transport networks are paid for . The timing of the money required to finance transport is a principal issue . Many projects are `` pay-as-you-go '' , that is infrastructure , which lasts many years , is expected to be paid out of ongoing cash flow . Other projects are financed with bonds raised in capital markets . Bonds must be secured with an expected future cash flow . The cash flow , required for either pay-as-you-go or for bonds , must be raised . Common sources are user fees , such as gas taxes , and tolls . Other sources are general revenue . This issue is related to who bears the burden : users or the general public . Even if users bear the burden , that class must be subdivided , e.g. users during peak times or off-peak , freight or passenger traffic , urban or rural users , residents or non-residents ( many toll plazas are located on the state line to maximize revenue from non-residents ) . A third issue concerns the full costs of transportation . There are monetary costs , which are financed with money , as considered above , but there are also non-monetary costs ( sometimes called hidden costs ) , which are paid for by people 's time , by clean air , by peace and quiet , etc. . See the discussion of externalities for a fuller explication of non-monetary costs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09415403810f75476fc23fd45fe0f0be", "text": "Space Launch Initiative The Space Launch Initiative ( SLI ) was a NASA and U.S. Department of Defense joint research and technology project to determine the requirements to meet all the nation 's hypersonics , space launch and space technology needs . The program began with the award of reusable launch vehicle study contracts in 2000 . In November 2002 it was evolved into the Orbital Space Plane Program and the Next Generation Launch Technology Program . The primary goal of this research was to increase safety and reliability and to reduce overall costs associated with building , flying and maintaining the nation 's next generation of space launch vehicles . NASA anticipated that these advances would revitalize the nation 's space transportation capabilities , and dramatically improve NASA 's ability to conduct science and exploration missions in space . | This program was ended with the cancellation of the X-33 and X-34 and the conclusion of the X-43 programs . NASA changed its focus to Constellation Program . The Space Launch Initiative Propulsion Office , managed by NASA 's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville , Ala. , sought to advance technologies and explore new avenues of space propulsion to develop safer , more reliable and affordable propulsion solutions . Four main engine candidates for a second generation reusable launch vehicle emerged , including two hydrogen-fueled ( COBRA , RS-83 , TR-106 ) and two kerosene-fueled ( RS-84 , TR-107 ) staged combustion engines . California Poly Pomona 's Professor Steven Dobbs was the Lead Systems Engineer on the project , making significant use of the program as an example for failed systems engineering .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed7fb7ec5d34e3aec9f70a7364a95c0c", "text": "Astronet Astronet is a consortium which gather European funding agencies in order to establish a comprehensive long-term planning for the development of European astronomy . The consortium started on September 1 , 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb435657372deaf82282521c2e1fd468", "text": "Criticism of the Space Shuttle program Criticism of the Space Shuttle program stemmed from claims that NASA 's Shuttle program failed to achieve its promised cost and utility goals , as well as design , cost , management , and safety issues . More specifically , it failed in the goal of reducing the cost of space access . Space Shuttle incremental per-pound launch costs ultimately turned out to be considerably higher than those of expendable launchers . By 2011 , the incremental cost per flight of the Space Shuttle was estimated at $ 450 million , or $ 18,000 per kilogram ( approximately $ 8,000 per pound ) to low Earth orbit ( LEO ) . By comparison , Russian Proton expendable cargo launchers ( Atlas V rocket counterpart ) , still largely based on the design that dates back to 1965 , are said to cost as little as $ 110 million , or around $ 5,000 / kg ( approximately $ 2,300 per pound ) to LEO . When all design and maintenance costs are taken into account , the final cost of the Space Shuttle program , averaged over all missions and adjusted for inflation , was estimated to come out to $ 1.5 billion per launch , or $ 60,000 / kg ( approximately $ 27,000 per pound ) to LEO . This should be contrasted with the originally envisioned costs of $ 118 per pound of payload in 1972 dollars ( approximately $ 657 per pound adjusting for inflation to 2013 ) . It failed in the goal of achieving reliable access to space , partly due to multi-year interruptions in launches following Shuttle failures . NASA budget pressures caused by the chronically high NASA Space Shuttle program costs have eliminated NASA manned space flight beyond low earth orbit since Apollo , and severely curtailed use of unmanned probes . NASA 's promotion of and reliance on the Shuttle slowed domestic commercial expendable launch vehicle ( ELV ) programs until after the 1986 Challenger disaster .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a6b74ac7f846ec3492f99747276f4fd9
Abigail Breslin is a person who acts.
[ { "docid": "e523ff11b908e4083693d6a68745a5a5", "text": "Abigail Breslin Abigail Kathleen Breslin ( born April 14 , 1996 ) is an American actress and singer . She appeared in her first commercial when she was three years old , and in her first film , Signs ( 2002 ) , at the age of five . Her other film roles include Little Miss Sunshine ( 2006 ) , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , No Reservations ( 2007 ) , Nim 's Island ( 2008 ) , Definitely , Maybe ( 2008 ) , My Sister 's Keeper ( 2009 ) , Zombieland ( 2009 ) , and Rango ( 2011 ) . In September 2015 , she began acting in the horror-comedy Scream Queens on Fox , in which she has her first regular role on a television series .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "cef454ba22f51cdaf980cb0862859940", "text": "Prop comedy Prop comedy is a comedy genre in which performers use humorous objects , or conventional objects in humorous ways . The stages and films term `` prop '' , an abbreviation of `` property '' , refers to any object an actor handles in the course of a performance . Though some form of prop comedy has likely existed as long as there have been comedians , the genre reached its zenith in the vaudeville era . The vaudeville team Olsen and Johnson used prop comedy extensively in their long running Broadway revue Hellzapoppin . A prop comic is a comedian who uses prop comedy . Prop comics are sometimes looked down upon by other comedians , and the term is sometimes used derisively . However , some , such as Tommy Cooper , rose to critical acclaim as their props revolved around a gimmick ( such as Cooper 's magic ) and the comedian 's character around that gimmick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da8d676a69b4379d08fd2817545df06b", "text": "Cornelius Ambrosius Logan Cornelius Ambrosius Logan ( born Baltimore , Maryland , May 4 , 1806 ; died on the Ohio River near Wheeling , then in the state of Virginia , February 22 , 1853 ) was an American actor , playwright , and journalist who was father to a famous family of actresses and writers . Born in America to Irish immigrant parents , Logan was educated for the Catholic priesthood at St. Mary 's Seminary in Baltimore , but then entered a shipping house , where his work led him to travel to Europe several times . He next became a journalist , and after working as a drama critic began to write plays and act himself . He moved to Cincinnati with his growing family in 1840 where he operated the `` National Theater '' . He later operated theaters in other cities and traveled with his oldest daughter Eliza , playing comic `` yankee '' roles . He also wrote short stories , poetry , notably a well-regarded Ode to the Mississippi , and a defence of the theater against criticism from the pulpit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b17552feb51e21ea8a06d8c1de55a2e0", "text": "Duet Acting Duet Acting ( often shortened to `` Duet '' or abbreviated as `` DA '' in tournament schedules and results ) is an event in competitive high school forensics . Similar to Duo Interpretation , Duet Acting varies in two major respects : first , Duet is not an official National Forensic League event although some state organizations , such as the Texas Forensic Association , the Louisiana High School Speech League , and ( formerly ) the Ohio High School Speech League practice the event . Secondly , unlike Duo , in which the actors are not permitted to make eye contact with each other or touch each other , Duet incorporates an element of acting . Cuttings must be made from scripts . Duet Acting involves two people , two chairs , and ( in some jurisdictions ) a table ; the furniture is supplied in each room of competition . Time limits vary , but generally each acting pair performs an eight - to twelve-minute scene , typically using only two characters . Occasionally the performers change roles , but can only play one character per scene in the manner of dramatic or humorous interpretation . The pieces may be either serious or funny , and the extensive use of movement is permitted ( i.e. , interaction between both characters , as well as with the table and chairs ) . Duet Acting has been removed from the Ohio High School Speech League . Category : Debating", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aed2fbe10ed8c4fb249fc6c165723d28", "text": "Abigail Levine Abigail Levine , a New York-based dance and performance artist . Levine has created works for opera and theaters -- as well as for subway stations , sidewalks , swimming pools , airports , office buildings -- in New York City , Washington DC , Havana , São Paulo , Mexico City , Caracas , and Taipei . Recent commissions and productions include : Benjamin Britten 's The Turn of the Screw for Lorin Maazel 's Chateauville Foundation ( conducted by Maazel at the Kennedy Center ) ; `` Slow Falls '' presented by the 2011 Movement Research Festival ; `` Porta Sem Parede '' created during the Lugarização Residency in São Paulo ; Any Closer produced by Dixon Place and the Puffin Foundation and performed on sidewalks in Brooklyn , Queens , the Bronx and Manhattan ; If You See Something , a dance for subway stations performed in the subway systems of New York City and Caracas , Venezuela ; Bernstein 's Trouble in Tahiti and Bizet 's Le Docteur Miracle for the Manhattan Opera Theater ; and Desatar , a commissioned work for 14 dancers from Cuba 's national dance company , Danza Contemporanea de Cuba . Levine has performed recently with Marina Abramović in her retrospective at the New York MoMA , with performance artist Carolee Schneemann , and with choreographers including : Jennifer Monson , koosil-ja hwang , Alan Good , Marianela Boán , Pat Catterson , Larissa Velez , Despina Stamos , Pele Bauch , Wendy Osserman and the Denishawn Repertory Dancers . Her writings on dance have been published by the Movement Research Performance Journal , e-misférica , Cuba Update and CubaNow . Levine trained at New York 's High School of Performing Arts , the Alvin Ailey American Dance Center , Jacob 's Pillow Dance Festival , The Place and Middlesex University in London , and with Danza Contemporánea de Cuba in Havana . She graduated from Wesleyan University with a degree in English and is completing a Masters at NYU in Dance and Performance Studies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08828a823d57fd0a132f322a8020e083", "text": "Jessica Chastain Jessica Michelle Chastain ( born March 24 , 1977 ) is an American actress and film producer . Born in Carmichael , California , and raised in Sacramento , Chastain developed an interest in acting from a young age . In 1998 , she made her professional stage debut as Shakespeare 's Juliet . After studying acting at the Juilliard School , she was signed to a talent holding deal with the television producer John Wells . She was a recurring guest star in several television shows , including Law & Order : Trial by Jury . She also took on roles in the stage productions of Anton Chekhov 's play The Cherry Orchard in 2004 and Oscar Wilde 's tragedy Salome in 2006 . Chastain made her film debut in the drama Jolene ( 2008 ) , and gained wide recognition in 2011 for starring roles in half a dozen films , including the dramas Take Shelter and The Tree of Life . Her performance as an aspiring socialite in The Help earned her an Academy Award nomination . In 2012 , she won a Golden Globe Award and received a second Oscar nomination for playing a CIA agent in the thriller Zero Dark Thirty . Chastain made her Broadway debut in a revival of The Heiress in the same year . Her highest-grossing releases came with the science fiction films Interstellar ( 2014 ) and The Martian ( 2015 ) , as she continued to draw praise for her performances in the dramas The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby ( 2013 ) , A Most Violent Year ( 2014 ) , and Miss Sloane ( 2016 ) . Chastain 's accolades include two Academy Award and British Academy Film Award nominations . She is known to prepare extensively for her roles . Chastain is the founder of the production company Freckle Films , which was created to promote diversity in film . She is vocal about social issues such as gender and racial equality , and mental health . Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ddc9ab58b801f6f8eb3bd4fe0761f9b", "text": "Real Circumstance Theatre Company Real Circumstance Theatre Company is a not-for-profit theatre company based in Essex that delivers work nationally and internationally . Real Circumstance develops and produces new plays by emergent writers , and plays generated by the Company through improvisation . Real Circumstance is run by Artistic Director Dan Sherer and Creative Producer Anna Bewick . Actors that Real Circumstance has worked with include Keeley Forsyth , Lawrence Werber , Ben Caplan , Jot Davies , Tamsin Joanna Kennard , Toby Sawyer , Kate Donmall , and Caroline Williams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a831d3e32f619ff04dee2f212f6f02dc", "text": "Jimmie Adams James B. `` Jimmie '' Adams ( October 4 , 1888 -- December 19 , 1933 ) was an American silent-screen comedian and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab182677094177a6b0078955640f1438", "text": "Lyndon Smith Lyndon Smith ( born June 7 , 1989 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles as Natalie on the NBC drama series Parenthood , and as Dierdre on the TNT police drama series , Public Morals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d9c87465ae2fa37db969816c5be7a93", "text": "Abigail Adams Abigail Adams ( née Smith ; November 22 -LSB- O.S. November 11 -RSB- 1744 -- October 28 , 1818 ) was the closest advisor and wife of John Adams , as well as the mother of John Quincy Adams . She is sometimes considered to have been a Founder of the United States , and is now designated as the first Second Lady and second First Lady of the United States , although these titles were not in use at the time . Adams 's life is one of the most documented of the first ladies : she is remembered for the many letters she wrote to her husband while he stayed in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , during the Continental Congresses . John frequently sought the advice of Abigail on many matters , and their letters are filled with intellectual discussions on government and politics . In one of her more famous letters she implores her husband and his colleagues , all of whom were male , to , '' ... remember the ladies ... If particular care and attention is not paid to the Ladies we are determined to foment a Rebellion , and will not hold ourselves bound by any Laws in which we have no voice , or Representation . '' Her letters also serve as eyewitness accounts of the American Revolutionary War home front .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59b206e62cb9190027f5135056804454", "text": "Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports . A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a09202295c4d8281ac0df778e1fa551", "text": "Living statue A living statue is a street artist who poses as a statue or mannequin , usually with realistic statue-like makeup , sometimes for hours at a time . Living statue performers can fool passersby , and a number of hidden camera shows on television have used living statues to startle people . As with all performing arts , living statue performers may perform as buskers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22592afba58d00bb86b2eac74d0550ab", "text": "Brad Sullivan Bradford E. `` Brad '' Sullivan ( November 18 , 1931 -- December 31 , 2008 ) was an American character actor on film , stage and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9097056973dea9498d6118827b93867", "text": "Scenic bios Scenic bios is the state of physicality that a performer generates in the act of performance . It is a state of readiness and energy that is above and beyond the daily . Daily energy is that which we all employ during ordinary activity . It is usually the minimum required for practical requirement . Extra daily energy on the other hand , is that which the performer employs by various means such as balance , anatomical alteration , and other less obvious devices such as extra awareness and understanding of certain principles , in the very act of performance . Some of these principles , first recognized and formulated in empirical studies by Eugenio Barba , may be learned or they may be inherent . Such principles as equivalence , dilation , rhythm and timing , all seem like second nature , and the performer may not know that she is applying them in any strict sense . But , Barba has demonstrated that through physical training and exercises of his devising these principles can become fruitfully exploited by the actor in her endeavours . All these principles are believed by Barba to exist in the actors pre-expressive being . This pre-expressivity is otherwise known as scenic bios , or stage ` presence ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec124f1f5664897184af737d01d67751", "text": "Aunjanue Ellis Aunjanue L. Ellis ( born February 21 , 1969 ) is an American film , stage , and television actress , and producer . She began her acting career in theater , and made her film debut in Girls Town . She later had leading roles in a number of independent movies , and co-starred in several mainstream films . Ellis is best known for her roles in films Men of Honor ( 2000 ) , The Caveman 's Valentine ( 2001 ) , Undercover Brother ( 2002 ) , Ray ( 2004 ) , The Express ( 2008 ) , The Taking of Pelham 123 ( 2009 ) and The Help ( 2011 ) . On television , Ellis had regular role in the ABC police drama series High Incident ( 1996 -- 97 ) , and later co-starred in a number of short-lived dramas . She had recurring roles on The Practice , True Blood , and The Mentalist , and played roles in a number of made for television movies , such as Gifted Hands : The Ben Carson Story ( 2009 ) and Abducted : The Carlina White Story ( 2013 ) . In 2015 , Ellis played the leading role in the miniseries The Book of Negroes , based on bestselling novel by Lawrence Hill . She received critical acclaim and a Critic 's Choice Award nomination for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Later that year , she began starring as Miranda Shaw in the ABC thriller series Quantico . In 2016 , Ellis played Nancy Turner , Nat Turner 's mother , in the critically acclaimed period drama film , The Birth of a Nation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2bdbb5d57f6daf753b3d897dccab89c", "text": "Bailey Noble Bailey Ann Noble ( born October 13 , 1990 ) is an American actress , perhaps best known for portraying Adilyn Bellefleur , the half-fairy daughter of sheriff Andy Bellefleur , on HBO 's vampire drama series True Blood ( 2013 -- 2014 ) and as Anna Assaoui in the 2015 remake of Martyrs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0a46e46313041d9ad968f6b52398f0e", "text": "Lukas Haas Lukas Daniel Haas ( born April 16 , 1976 ) is an American actor and musician . His acting career has spanned three decades , during which he has appeared in more than 50 feature films and a number of television shows and stage productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "890cb53e5414a6e5217cdd7fc4f71c3f", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Angelina Jolie The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actress and filmmaker Angelina Jolie . She received three Golden Globe Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayals of First Lady of Alabama Cornelia Wallace in George Wallace ( 1997 ) , troubled supermodel Gia Carangi in Gia ( 1998 ) , and a sociopathic mental patient in Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) . Her later performances as Mariane Pearl in A Mighty Heart ( 2007 ) and Christine Collins in Changeling ( 2008 ) earned her additional nominations , including for an Academy Award for Best Actress . For her work in the action films Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow ( 2004 ) , Mr. and Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , Wanted ( 2008 ) , and The Tourist ( 2010 ) , Jolie received awards based on popular votes , including an MTV Movie Award , two People 's Choice Awards , and four Teen Choice Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe3e87163c059bb2da95b27a3a2bd4e2", "text": "Abigail Reynolds Abigail Reynolds is an American author and physician . She is best known as the author of Jane Austen-inspired novels in the Pemberley Variations series as well as modern novels set on Cape Cod .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "899413f78e20417d7f5b7370872c8b88", "text": "Holbrook Blinn Holbrook Blinn ( January 23 , 1872 -- June 24 , 1928 ) was an American stage and film actor .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3a0142eebeb1d9a72fb353e9081a86d9
Michel Gondry was a music video director that went on to direct movies.
[ { "docid": "1e9ec208b66f5b36fc0a0a575e8e3689", "text": "Music video director A music video director is the head of music video production . The director conceives of videos ' artistic and dramatic aspects while instructing the musical act , technical crew , actors , models , and dancers . They may or may not be in collaboration with the musical act . On November 8 , 1992 , MTV began listing directors with the artist , song , and record company credits , because music videos had increasingly become an auteur 's medium . `` The case for the director as music video author is strong . It is the music video director who has principal control of everything that is added to the pre-existing recorded sound text . '' Directors , including Michel Gondry , Spike Jonze , and F. Gary Gray , have gone on to direct feature films , continuing a trend that had begun earlier with directors such as Lasse Hallström and David Fincher . The most expensive video of all time was directed by Mark Romanek : Michael and Janet Jackson 's `` Scream '' ( 1995 ) , which cost $ 7 million to produce . In 2003 , Spike Jonze , Chris Cunningham , and Michel Gondry founded the Directors Label .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "682202f77a3b3827f215a2b3ca9db5da", "text": "National Lampoon's Movie Madness National Lampoon 's Movie Madness is an American comedy film produced by National Lampoon as the second film from the magazine . The film was originally produced under the title National Lampoon Goes to the Movies ; completed in 1981 , the film was not released until 1983 , and was reedited and retitled as Movie Madness . Movie Madness consists of three short segments which satirize personal growth films , glossy soap operas , and police stories . The first two segments of the film , Growing Yourself and Success Wanters , were directed by Bob Giraldi , while the film 's final segment , Municipalians , was directed by Henry Jaglom . Its title song , `` Going to the Movies '' , was sung by Dr. John . The film was a critical failure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75e424227033c518f871e5cd3ce8e726", "text": "MeeK MeeK ( birth name Stephane-Franck Pascal ; born 16 February 1971 in Montmorency , near Paris , France ) , is a Franco-British artist , singer , recording artist , musician , Alternative pop songwriter and producer . His stage name ( always spelled with a capital `` M '' and a capital `` K '' ) is a homage to 1960s British pop producer Joe Meek . A multi-instrumentalist , MeeK plays all the instruments on his recordings through a multitracked/multi-layered method of recording and provides all vocals including multi-layered backing harmonies . Since his first album in 2002 and an ever strong presence on the Internet right from its very early days as a mass media , MeeK is part of the European pop/rock Indie music scene . Over the years and through word-of-mouth some have come to consider him a `` cult-artist '' because of his ever dedicated worldwide fanbase , his rather non-typical and enigmatic persona and the fact that he is one of the very first few artists in Europe who have pioneered in utilizing the Internet as a marketing tool and a medium to publicize and/or expose their music to the general public in the late-1990s , long before the advent of social networks like MySpace , Facebook or YouTube . After having briefly been a member of London-based Indie acoustic-pop bands Tin Can Heart and Elsewhere in the mid-1990s , MeeK was signed as a solo songwriter by Stephane Berlow of BMG Music Publishing France in 1996 . With the encouragement and support of French actors Jean-Pierre Bacri , Agnès Jaoui and Jamel Debbouze , MeeK released his first album titled `` Psychotique '' ( Psychotic ) in 2002 on the record label Bedroom to a warm critical reception in France . The CD created what was not yet called an Internet buzz ( the Web still being in its infancy as a mainstream media in the early-2000s ) , and was well noticed in the French Indie music scene of the time . French pop artist Calogero decided to sponsor MeeK after hearing him on the radio and mistaking him for a female performer because of his rather high-pitched vocal range . Calogero then invited MeeK to perform his single `` Psychotique '' on `` The Live Café '' , one of the first music programs on the French Web , produced in partnership by Universal Music and NRJ radio station . MeeK 's `` Psychotique '' album was also released in a deluxe digipack version in Japan by Tokyo Indie record label MINF Records with an introductory essay by leader of Japanese pop group Pizzicato Five Yasuharu Konishi , drawing a camparison between the Franco-English songwriter and Paul McCartney amongst others . Since then , all MeeK albums have been released in Japan by the same record label . In 2003 and at the request of his Japanese label , MeeK released the album `` Sleeping with Big Ben '' composed of fourteen Lennon-McCartney songs recorded in an all-acoustic and vocal treatment . The tribute album 's release was limited to the Japanese market only and soon became a popular collectable amongst curious Beatles fans around the world . The album was finally released in a digital form worldwide in 2011 . In 2004 , his second album of original songs `` Margaret Et Ses Bijoux '' ( Margaret And Her Jewels ) was released and can be defined as a concept album . It confirmed the `` MeeK buzz '' on the Internet and scored excited reviews in the French music press as well as on many professional music blogs . In 2004 , MeeK translated what is considered the only official `` autobiography '' by Paul McCartney the former Beatle wrote in collaboration with Barry Miles in 1997 , `` Many Years From Now '' , in French for Paris publisher Flammarion ( French title : `` Les Beatles , les Sixties & moi '' -- The Beatles , the '60s and Me ) . In 2008 and after a two-year hiatus due to serious health concerns , MeeK recorded his third album `` Sortie De Secours '' ( Emergency Exit ) which he co-produced with Maxime Monegier Du Sorbier . Collaborating for the first time with a dozen musicians during the recording sessions , MeeK used no machines , synthesizers nor samplers at all during the album production that spanned more than 10 months . A real string section appeared on several tracks as well as a Celtic bagpipes section for the title `` Je Vous Aime Immediatement '' . The album lead single `` Six Feet Under '' is MeeK 's most commercially successful hit with the single `` So Fresh '' so far and a nod to the HBO TV series of the same name . The single entered hundreds of campus and college radio stations playlists around the world and was the first independent music production to have cracked the Swiss state radio station Radio Suisse Romande 's Top 20 while its promo video created a remarkable YouTube buzz . In 2010 , several Electronic artists including The Electronic Matter , The OriginalFake and Lyhne remixed a few tracks from the `` Sortie De Secours '' album which were compiled on the `` ElectroMeeK MySpace '' parallel to the regular official Meek MySpace . In April 2011 , the album `` Archives 97/07 '' compiling 15 unreleased tracks recorded during sessions from MeeK 's four previous efforts was released in digital form worldwide . MeeK began recording sessions for his next album in April 2011 in Paris and the album titled `` Aristocracy '' is an English album , co-produced by MeeK and ( musicianAmerican partnership Ramses & Beaumond ( group pseudonym of Christopher Hannover-Klein and Andy Ambrose ) , After the successive releases of 2 singles , the college-radio-friendly `` So Fresh '' in 2012 and the cold and icy `` Monolith # 6 '' in 2013 announcing the long-awaited album , the long anticipated `` Aristocracy '' album was finally released worldwide on April the 1st 2015 . The album took 5 years in the making , using 6 different studios in Paris , London , South of France and Los Angeles . It was mastered at the legendary Abbey Road Studios in London ( `` Just for a laugh '' said MeeK ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca830f4d08e529fee74b94f6b1eecca5", "text": "Histoire(s) du cinéma Histoire ( s ) du cinéma ( -LSB- is.twaʁ dy si.ne.ma -RSB- ) is an 8-part video project begun by Jean-Luc Godard in the late 1980s and completed in 1998 . The longest , at 266 minutes , and one of the most complex of Godard 's films , Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is an examination of the history of the concept of cinema and how it relates to the 20th century ; in this sense , it can also be considered a critique of the 20th century and how it perceives itself . The project is considered by many the most important work of the late period of Godard 's career . Histoire ( s ) du cinéma is always referred to by its French title , because of the word play it implies : histoire means both `` history '' and `` story , '' and the s in parentheses gives the possibility of a plural . Therefore , the phrase Histoire ( s ) du cinéma simultaneously means The History of Cinema , Histories of Cinema , The Story of Cinema and Stories of Cinema . Similar double or triple meanings , as well as puns , are a recurring motif throughout Histoire ( s ) and much of Godard 's work . The film was screened out of competition at the 1988 Cannes Film Festival . Nine years later , it was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1997 Festival . The soundtrack was released as a 5-CD boxed set on the ECM record label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f202a839901b820c8d3e0c624591ba6b", "text": "Bent Out of Shape Bent Out of Shape is the seventh studio album released by the British hard rock band Rainbow . It was originally released in August 1983 as an LP and cassette . The cassette featured several longer edits compared to the vinyl version . It was recorded at Sweet Silence Studios in Copenhagen in about 7 weeks . A remastered CD reissue was released in May 1999 , which restored the artwork of the original release . This has two tracks of a longer duration than on the first US CD issue . This album is generally referred to by critics and fans as a commercial effort , with the band attempting to repeat the success of the song `` Stone Cold '' and the album Straight Between the Eyes . As a result , some of the songs , like the first single released from this album , `` Street of Dreams '' , are usually considered to be more in the adult-oriented rock style , instead of the hard rock sound of earlier Rainbow albums . The album was particularly aimed at the US market : the title is an American idiom rather than a British one , although it received positive reviews in the U.K. Howard Johnson of `` Kerrang ! '' magazine ( No. 51 -- Sept 22-Oct 5 , 1983 ) praised the album as `` possibly Rainbow 's most complete work to date '' and called `` Desperate Heart '' and `` Street of Dreams '' `` two of this year 's finest tunes '' . The music video for `` Ca n't Let You Go '' , directed by Dominic Orlando , was filmed in New York City ( 1984 ) and inspired by the 1920 silent b/w film The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari . Along with `` Street of Dreams '' , directed by Storm Thorgerson , it became a part of Rainbow 's home video collection The Final Cut ( 1985 ) . The music video for `` Street of Dreams '' was banned by MTV for its supposedly controversial hypnotic clip . The song `` Street of Dreams '' has been re-recorded in two versions by Blackmore 's Night in 2006 for their fifth studio album , The Village Lanterne . The version featured on a regular album was sung by Candice Night . The other version , a bonus track on a special edition of the album , was performed in a duet by Night and former Rainbow singer Joe Lynn Turner . In 1984 , `` Anybody There '' was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Rock Instrumental Performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a", "text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25baac943b1f387fdea23a6f93ff6039", "text": "Jean Gourguet Jean Gourguet ( 5 December 1902 - 13 March 1994 ) was a French film director , screenwriter and film producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26e433214333cdf87506389a4a735aed", "text": "Substitution splice The substitution splice is a cinematic special effect in which film makers achieve an appearance , disappearance , or transformation using a cut . It is sometimes also called the stop trick or the stop motion substitution , although the effect is achieved through film editing rather than by literally stopping the camera . The pioneering French filmmaker Georges Méliès claimed to have accidentally developed substitution splicing while filming street traffic at the Place de l'Opéra in Paris . According to his story , his camera jammed and stopped ; by the time he had solved the difficulty , the traffic had moved on . When the film was screened , a man appeared to change into a woman , and an omnibus seemed to turn into a hearse . No evidence has emerged to support this story , which was probably entirely invented by Méliès . According to the film scholar Jacques Deslandes , it is more likely that Méliès discovered the substitution splice by carefully examining a print of the Edison Manufacturing Company 's 1895 film The Execution of Mary Queen of Scots , in which a primitive version of the trick appears . In any case , the substitution splice was both the first special effect Méliès perfected , and the most important in his body of work . For some time , film theorists mistakenly believed that the camera was actually stopped for the effect , and then restarted ( hence the occasionally used term `` stop trick '' ) . However , later film historians such as Richard Abel and Elizabeth Ezra established that the effect was the result of Méliès 's careful frame matching during the editing process , creating a seamless match cut out of two separately staged shots . Indeed , Méliès often used substitution splicing not as an obvious special effect , but as an inconspicuous editing technique , matching and combining short takes into one apparently seamless longer shot . Substitution splicing could become even more seamless when the film was colored by hand , as many of Méliès 's films were ; the addition of painted color acts as a sleight of hand technique allowing the cuts to pass by unnoticed . The substitution splice was the most popular cinematic special effect in early film fantasies , especially those that evolved from the stage tradition of the féerie . Segundo de Chomón is among the other filmmakers who used substitution splicing to create elaborate fantasy effects . D.W. Griffith 's 1909 film The Curtain Pole , starring Mack Sennett , used substitution splices for comedic effect . The transformations made possible by the substitution splice were so central to early fantasy films that , in France , such films were often described simply as scènes à transformation . This technique is different from the stop motion technique , in which the entire shot is created frame by frame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a19db86bf62cd38c7350853318f5fc6", "text": "Michel Deville Michel Deville ( born 13 April 1931 ) is a French film director and screenwriter . Deville started his filmmaking career in the late 1950s , paralleling the emergence of the French New Wave directors . He never achieved the level of critical and international recognition of some of his contemporaries such as François Truffaut , Jean-Luc Godard and Claude Chabrol , possibly because of his more conventional filmmaking style . Nevertheless , his films , especially his comedies from the 1970s and 1980s , were popular in his native France . One of Deville 's comedies , La Lectrice ( The Reader ) was probably his biggest success with international audiences . La Lectrice is about a woman ( played by Miou-Miou ) , who finds work reading novels for the blind but gradually finds herself unwittingly attracting a clientele of fetishists who enjoyed being read to . At one time his films were difficult to find in North America but presently ( 2007 ) seven of his films are available in DVD in the U.S. His 1980 film Le Voyage en douce was entered into the 30th Berlin International Film Festival . Five years later , his film Death in a French Garden was entered into the 35th Berlin International Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f6087b5e5ecec2496a1cc752d9be2f6a", "text": "Maripol Maripol is an artist , film producer , fashion designer and stylist who has had an influence on the looks of many influential artists , including Grace Jones , Deborah Harry and Madonna . She is also a Polaroid artist photographer . Maripol was brought up in France before moving to New York City in 1976 . In the early 1980s , Maripol was the art director for hip Italian boutique Fiorucci . By the mid-80s , Maripol had achieved some success with her own shop , Maripolitan , in the NoHo area of New York . Maripol is best known for designing for and styling pop singer Madonna during the Madonna and Like a Virgin albums in the mid-1980s . Maripol 's trademark black rubber bracelets , jewellery and crucifixes became as iconic as Madonna herself in these early years . She also made a line of official Madonna jewellery and accessories for the Like a Virgin tour . At the same time she directed documentary films , such as `` Crack is whack '' on 1980s artist Keith Haring . She has also worked as a film producer , most notably on the post-production of Downtown 81 , a film starring artist Jean-Michel Basquiat and featuring Blondie lead singer Deborah Harry , and with musical interludes by many New York No Wave bands . The movie , directed by then partner Edo Bertoglio and written and produced by Glenn O'Brien , was filmed in 1980-81 as New York Beat . However , it was not until the late 1990s that the film was edited and released ( as Downtown 81 ) . O'Brien and Executive Producer Michael Zilkha enlisted Maripol to work on post-production to complete the film before its 2000 release , and debut at the Director 's Fortnight at Cannes . She has been the art director on music videos for Cher , D'Angelo , Elton John , and Luther Vandross . In February 2010 , Maripol had a collection of jewelry and tee shirts in the Marc by Marc Jacobs stores , inspired by the jewelry she created in the 80s . Early 2014 , Maripol released `` MARIPOLA X '' , a book about her erotic Polaroid pictures , including many from the 80s ( Grace Jones , Madonna , Naomi Campbell , etc. ) . The same year , she published `` Love Each other '' , her first record as singer with the French composer and producer which followed her collaboration with the French fashion label Each x Other .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b02ca9b9186714ec9e6fad281ace7cf3", "text": "Scummy Man Scummy Man is a short film , written and directed by Paul Fraser and produced by Mark Herbert and Diarmid Scrimshaw , based on the song `` When the Sun Goes Down '' by the Arctic Monkeys , and released on DVD on 10 April 2006 by Domino Records . The film , like the song , focuses on prostitution in Sheffield , and uses the same actors as the music video to document a night in the life of the fictional ` Nina ' , a 15-year-old drug addict who works as a prostitute in the Neepsend district . The film stars Lauren Socha as ` Nina ' and Stephen Graham as George , known by the nickname of ` Scummy Man ' , a violent and manipulative ` customer ' of ` Nina 's , who attacks and intimidates both ` Nina ' and those who try to help her escape prostitution , such as a magician who offers her a job as his assistant in his act . The magician becomes a victim of the Scummy Man 's behaviour but is not without his own flaws , as the film-maker begs if anyone is really inherently good . In order to achieve a documentary feel for the footage , the film was shot in 16 mm film by Danny Cohen . The DVD includes an extra film titled Just Another Day , which is more hopeful and upbeat in tone , and focuses on how every day events , such as being offered a lift by a taxicab driver , present opportunity and hope for her future . Just Another Day depicts the same chain of events , but from the perspective of the taxi driver who brings the Scummy Man to Nina , who takes pity on her as she reminds him of his own daughter who died young and would have been the same age as Nina were she still alive . The name of the film comes from a line in `` When the Sun Goes Down '' , describing the `` customer '' of the girl featured in the song , The film won an award for `` Best Music DVD '' at the 2007 NME Awards on 1 March 2007 . The only band member to appear in the film is Matt Helders . He is offered oral sex by Nina at the beginning of the film , but turns it down , saying he is going to band practice . Besides this , Helders and Alex Turner are seen carrying musical equipment through a gate in the credits of Just Another Day , but they do not feature in the film itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee56e24b7b85ffdf89550050b2dd0a39", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Goldfrapp Goldfrapp are an English electronic music duo that formed in London in 1999 . The group gained prominence after their debut studio album Felt Mountain was shortlisted for the 2001 Mercury Prize in the United Kingdom . They have released five studio albums : Felt Mountain ( 2000 ) , Black Cherry ( 2003 ) , Supernature ( 2005 ) , Seventh Tree ( 2008 ) and Head First ( 2010 ) . The group 's remix album , We Are Glitter was released in the United States in October 2006 and the compilation album The Singles was released internationally in February 2012 . Black Cherry was released through Mute Records in April 2003 . Singles from the album included `` Train '' , `` Strict Machine '' and `` Twist '' . Black Cherry earned the group two awards , including an Ivor Novello Award ( The Ivors Dance Award ) for the song `` Strict Machine '' . Supernature was released through the same label in August 2005 . The album earned Goldfrapp two Grammy Award nominations in the dance category . Their fourth album , Seventh Tree , was released in February 2008 . Singles included `` A&E '' , `` Happiness '' and `` Caravan Girl '' . The music video for `` Happiness '' earned Goldfrapp and director Dougal Wilson a nomination for Best Pop Video at the UK Music Video Awards . Head First was released in March 2010 . The album earned the group two additional Grammy Award nominations . Other recognitions include the inclusion of Supernature on Rolling Stone magazine 's `` Top 50 Albums of 2006 '' list . Goldfrapp have also been recognized by the ASCAP/PRS Awards , BT Digital Music Awards , International Dance Music Awards , MTV Europe Music Awards and the Q Awards . Overall , Goldfrapp have received two awards from 15 nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5f3fd9ce4a5659b4a61826101ba52e", "text": "Michael Jackson's Vision Michael Jackson 's Vision is a deluxe DVD box set by American recording artist Michael Jackson . It was released on November 22 , 2010 by Epic Records , Legacy Recordings , and Jackson 's own label , MJJ Productions . It includes three DVDs , featuring 4.5 hours of content of 42 music videos with newly restored color and remastered audio . Jackson referred to each of these productions as a `` short film '' and not a music video . This is the first time that all of Jackson 's videos have been released on DVD . According to a statement by the producers , the video recognizes Jackson 's `` pioneering short films that transformed the entertainment industry with timeless , pop culture classics '' . Disc one features videos from the albums Off the Wall , Thriller and Bad and disc two features videos from the albums Dangerous , HIStory : Past , Present and Future , Book I , Blood on the Dance Floor : HIStory in the Mix and Invincible . The third disc , which is a bonus disc , features seven videos . Michael Jackson 's Vision includes the full-length versions of the John Landis-directed `` Thriller '' and `` Black or White '' as well as the classic `` Bad '' directed by Academy Award winning filmmaker Martin Scorsese . Also included in the boxed set are Jackson 's collaborations with other noted film directors such as John Singleton , Spike Lee and David Fincher as well as `` Ghosts , '' his rarely seen collaboration with special effects legend Stan Winston . Michael Jackson 's Vision is available in a limited edition boxed set featuring a 60-page glossy hard-bound book that includes behind-the-scenes photos from Jackson 's videos , which includes information for each video including : songwriter , album , director , production date , location and photography . Ten music videos previously unavailable on DVD including `` One More Chance '' are included . It was also released on the iTunes Store and has iTunes LP features . The videos `` Smooth Criminal '' , `` Speed Demon '' , `` Come Together '' , and `` Leave Me Alone '' come from Jackson 's 1988 film Moonwalker . The `` Smooth Criminal '' segment is actually over 40 minutes long but only the 10-minute song and dance scene is featured . The video `` Another Part of Me '' is from Jackson 's Bad World Tour and `` Will You Be There '' is from the Dangerous World Tour . The `` HIStory '' video is the only short film that is not included in this box set . The original music video of `` Blood on the Dance Floor '' is replaced with the Refugee Camp Mix for unknown reasons . The videos for The Jacksons ' songs `` Torture '' and `` Body '' are also not included , because Michael did not appear in either of them , despite having a verse in each of them . Also not included is the music video for The Jacksons ' `` 2300 Jackson Street '' . On February 15 , 2011 , Michael Jackson 's Vision was certified 5 × Platinum by RIAA for the sales of over 0.5 million units in the United States . On December 31 , 2010 , it was also certified Diamond in France ( for the sales of over 60 000 units ) and 2 × Platinum in Australia . On May 29 , 2011 , it was also certified Gold in New Zealand . It has been also certified Gold in Austria and Platinum in Poland . Reception over the video and audio quality of the box set has been mixed . As the videos are played in 16:9 , videos with a 4:3 aspect ratio are pillarboxed and as a result the resolution is lower than some previous DVDs . Also , the audio is mixed in PCM stereo instead of 5.1 Surround as in many previous DVDs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5", "text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e33dacfc1e536b51c4cca24199c2993e", "text": "A Hard Day's Night (film) A Hard Day 's Night is a 1964 British musical comedy film directed by Richard Lester and starring the Beatles -- John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , and Ringo Starr -- during the height of Beatlemania . It was written by Alun Owen and originally released by United Artists . The film portrays several days in the lives of the group . The film was a financial and critical success . Time magazine rated it as one of the all-time great 100 films . British critic Leslie Halliwell described it as a `` comic fantasia with music ; an enormous commercial success with the director trying every cinematic gag in the book '' and awarded it a full four stars . The film is credited as being one of the most influential of all musical films , inspiring numerous spy films , the Monkees ' television show and pop music videos .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "864f579b60779daa0b0cafc88e1b1458", "text": "Milord (song) `` Milord '' ( -LSB- milɔʁ -RSB- ) or `` Ombre de la Rue '' -LSB- ɔ̃bʁə də la ʁy -RSB- ( `` Shadow of the Street '' ) is a 1959 song ( lyrics by Georges Moustaki , music by Marguerite Monnot ) , famously sung by Édith Piaf . It is a chanson that recounts the feelings of a lower-class `` girl of the port '' ( perhaps a prostitute ) who develops a crush on an elegantly attired apparent upper-class British traveller ( or `` milord '' ) , whom she has seen walking the streets of the town several times ( with a beautiful young woman on his arm ) , but who has not even noticed her . The singer feels that she is nothing more than a `` shadow of the street '' ( ombre de la rue ) . Nonetheless , when she talks to him of love , she breaks through his shell ; he begins to cry , and she has the job of cheering him up again . She succeeds , and the song ends with her shouting `` Bravo ! Milord '' and `` Encore , Milord '' . The song was a # 1-hit in Germany in July 1960 . In UK it reached # 24 ( 1960 ) , in Sweden # 1 during 8 weeks ( 15/6 -1 / 8 1960 ) , in Norway # 6 ( 1959 ) , and in the United States # 88 ( Billboard Hot 100 in 1961 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dd1bd74761d99f475fb4267d4761345", "text": "One shot (music video) A `` one-shot '' is any music video which consists of action , continuous in time and space , from the perspective of a single camera -- a single long take . In order to be able to make one-shot videos several special techniques are used . Most commonly the stage props which are not currently caught on cameras are changed during the shot . For other videos some parts are filmed before the final shot and then replayed on screens in the video . One of the most famous music video directors for this genre is Michel Gondry , who has done many of his videos in this style . This differs from the meaning of two shot , etc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a096452a22f0807c7d59cf9d5007bf88", "text": "Music video game A music video game , also commonly known as a music game , is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player 's interactions with a musical score or individual songs . Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of `` rhythmically generated puzzles '' . Strong support for the convergence of live music and video games is evident with the success of the Video Games Live concert series . Emergent games for live concert performance , `` game-scores '' , augment traditional western music notation with the dramatic elements of animation , interactivity , graphic elements and aleatoric principles ( Anigraphical Music ) . The concept of incorporating game theory and music is not new and can be traced back to Musikalisches Würfelspiel . Music video games are distinct from purely audio games ( e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound : Kaze no Regret ) in that they feature a visual feedback , to lead the player through the game 's soundtrack , although eidetic music games can fall under both categories .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d875ce99373262eb813192dfa0e54f8", "text": "The Moviegoer (album) The Moviegoer is the seventh studio album by the American solo artist Scott Walker . It was released in October 1972 but failed to chart . No singles were released from the album , though `` This Way Mary '' was later released as a b-side to Walker 's 1973 single `` The Me I Never Knew '' . The album consists solely of renditions of film theme songs originally performed by other artists . The album was the first of six studio albums ( the last two as The Walker Brothers ) in which Walker did not contribute original material . Having lost creative control of his music after the commercial failures of his previous two studio albums Scott 4 and 'Til the Band Comes In , Walker was tasked with recording `` inoffensive , middle-of-the-road material that could be easily processed , marketed and sold '' . By way of compromise Walker had some say in the song selection and drew together a selection of themes from some of his favourite films . The album was recorded quickly in the autumn of 1972 with Walker 's usual studio team consisting of producer Johnny Franz and engineer Peter J. Olliff . In a change from previous work , Robert Cornford was brought-in to produce the orchestral arrangements . Despite a push for commercial viability the album received negative reviews when released as an LP in October 1972 . The album was re-issued in 1975 by Contour record label with new sleeve art . The album has since been deleted and has not been reissued .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b0691ec4b3b9f942936caaf0899aed9a
Social issues was a topic Victor Hugo wrote about.
[ { "docid": "f040ab5917d4e706d2c93f57836e9c77", "text": "Victor Hugo Victor Marie Hugo ( -LSB- viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo -RSB- ; 26 February 1802 -- 22 May 1885 ) was a French poet , novelist , and dramatist of the Romantic movement . He is considered one of the greatest and best-known French writers . Outside France , his best-known works are the novels Les Misérables , 1862 , and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ( Notre-Dame de Paris ) , 1831 . In France , Hugo is known primarily for his poetry collections , such as Les Contemplations ( The Contemplations ) and La Légende des siècles ( The Legend of the Ages ) . He produced more than 4,000 drawings and also campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment . Though a committed royalist when he was young , Hugo 's views changed as the decades passed , and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism ; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time . He is buried in the Panthéon in Paris . His legacy has been honoured in many ways , including his portrait being placed on French currency .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4e1f394a7847492d561387e37c2acc54", "text": "Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences The Encyclopaedia of the Social Sciences is a specialized fifteen-volume Encyclopedia first published in 1930 and last published in 1967 . It was envisaged in the 1920s by scholars working in disciplines which increasingly were coming to be known as `` Human - '' or `` Social Sciences . '' The goal was to create a comprehensive synthesis of the study of human affairs as undertaken by practitioners of all fields involved in such study . The parameters of what would come to be known as `` Social Science '' were in many ways initially established and defined by this publication . The Encyclopaedia 's founding organizations included the American Anthropological Association , the American Association of Social Workers , the American Economic Association , the American Historical Association , the American Political Science Association , the American Psychological Association , the American Sociological Society , the American Statistical Association , the Association of American Law Schools , and the National Education Association . It was edited by American economists Edwin Robert Anderson Seligman and Alvin Saunders Johnson . Seligman and Johnson solicited contributions from many of the most known and respected scholars in their fields , and established many links with European scholars in the process . The Rockefeller Foundation , Carnegie Foundation , and Russell Sage Foundation provided initial financial support , and Macmillan was selected as publisher . The international network of social scientists developed in the process of creating the Encyclopaedia would prove especially important during the Nazi occupation of Europe , during which many contributing scholars fled persecution for their ideas . Under Johnson 's invitation , several of these scholars would come to New York City and form the `` University in Exile , '' a specialized graduate school now known as the New School for Social Research . The Encyclopaedia was last printed in 1967 , then in its 16th edition . It was succeeded by the International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences , edited by David L. Sills , and also published by MacMillan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476", "text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbd7d3bbcb245f28a7d82f9b4a8c0de4", "text": "Heidelberg Appeal The Heidelberg Appeal , authored by Michel Salomon and signed by a large number of scientists , is a statement decrying `` an irrational ideology which is opposed to scientific and industrial progress , and impedes economic and social development . '' Issued to coincide with the opening of the United Nations-sponsored Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro in 1992 , the Appeal stated that its signers : `` share the objectives of the ` Earth Summit ' '' but advised `` the authorities in charge of our planet 's destiny against decisions which are supported by pseudo-scientific arguments or false and non-relevant data . ... The greatest evils which stalk our Earth are ignorance and oppression , and not Science , Technology and Industry . '' It was carefully worded to be directed generally at underfunded and poorly conducted science , rather than specifically at climate change . This allowed it to be promoted and exploited by a number of different industries by using this in the context of their own pollution defenses . In fact , the Appeal was created and promoted by a group of industry associations with polluting problems ( including chemical , energy , and mining concerns ) : the tobacco industry was involved , but in this case it was not the primary driving force . At that time the tobacco industry was focussed on trying to change the scientific standards for Good Epidemiology Practice ( GEP ) A version of the Heidelberg Appeal was published in the June 1 , 1992 , Wall Street Journal over the signatures of 46 prominent scientists and other intellectuals . It has subsequently been endorsed by some 4,000 scientists , including 72 Nobel Prize winners . The Appeal was for an anthropocentric assessment of the world 's resources and a utilitarian as opposed to abolitionist approach to hazardous substances used or created by technology . It targeted as irrational , by implication , if not explicitly , both a vision of a `` Natural State '' with intrinsic rights to impede the activities of man , and hysterical fears of environmental poisons , disproportionate to the threat and dismissive of their associated benefits . The Heidelberg Appeal has been enthusiastically embraced by critics of the environmental movement such as S. Fred Singer of the Science and Environmental Policy Project . Conservative think tanks frequently cite the Heidelberg Appeal as proof that scientists reject the theory of global warming as well as a host of other environmental health risks associated with modern science and industry . Its name has subsequently been adopted by the Heidelberg Appeal Nederland Foundation , which was founded in 1993 and disputes health risks related to nitrates in foods and antibiotic-resistant bacteria . The Heidelberg Appeal was promoted in 1993 by the International Center for a Scientific Ecology , a group set up by Michael Salomon `` that was considered important in Philip Morris ' plans to create a group in Europe similar to The Advancement of Sound Science Coalition ( TASSC ) '' . Parts of the Heidelberg Appeal endorse environmental concerns , such as a sentence that states , `` We fully subscribe to the objectives of a scientific ecology for a universe whose resources must be taken stock of , monitored and preserved . '' Its 72 Nobel laureates include 49 who also signed the `` World Scientists ' Warning to Humanity '' , which was circulated that same year by the Union of Concerned Scientists ( UCS ) and attracted the majority of the world 's living Nobel laureates in science along with some 1,700 other leading scientists . In contrast with the vagueness of the Heidelberg Appeal , the `` World Scientists ' Warning '' is a very explicit environmental manifesto , stating that `` human beings and the natural world are on a collision course '' and citing ozone depletion , global climate change , air pollution , groundwater depletion , deforestation , overfishing , and species extinction among the trends that threaten to `` so alter the living world that it will be unable to sustain life in the manner that we know . '' Moreover the Heidelberg Appeal has been , if not specifically misrepresented , at least broadly interpreted out of context , for example , by The National Center for Public Policy which asserts `` The appeal warns industrialized nations that no compelling scientific consensus exists to justify mandatory greenhouse gas emissions cuts . '' Although the Heidelberg Appeal may be open to such an interpretation , it is not what the document said , as the text below shows . 1994 Jun 16 Matt Winokur then sends to a list of PM organisers a note saying : APCo ( the old spelling of APCO Worldwide ) is completing its evaluation of a Symposium for Europe in the fall . They have forwarded the draft Guiding Scientific Principles ( or GEP ) which would constitute the outcome of such a meeting . They are on the right track but the language is too vague . ( Tom ) Borelli and ( Richard ) Carchman will review and tighten . Obviously , any output from the symposium must be supportive of GEP . So the bottom line for both the GEP resolution and GEP Symposium must be in synch . Burson ( Marsteller ) has begun its feasibility review based on a more explicit understanding that GEP is what we are interested in promoting . I gather from Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- that there may have been a misunderstanding as to whether or not Burson was to have proceeded with the review prior to the presentation of a `` joint '' proposal -LSB- APCO and B-M -RSB- . I was aware that Burson began and take responsibility for allowing them to proceed . If you do n't want to pay for it then I will . But the intelligence obtained from their interviews with potential coalition sponsors as well as information about analogous efforts by existing groups , e.g. , Heidelberg , will be critical to the development of a comprehensive Burson/APCo proposal . -LSB- Note : after a territory battle , Philip Morris had suggested that rivals APCO and B-M present this as a joint proposal -RSB- The Burson research is necessary now in order to tell us whether it is possible or efficient to try to develop an enduring -LSB- ` Sound Science ' -RSB- coalition following on from the symposium . Possible , in that there may prove to be an insufficient amount of interest in the corporate sector for such a movement . Efficient , in that there may already exist analogous groups which we could use without going to the effort of starting one from scratch . And we need to be careful not to step on unseen toes . For example , Bruce Ames is part of TASSC and Heidelberg . Do we need/want him on a third group in Europe ? Thus the benefit in having Burson complete the study now , is that what they learn will be factored into both the content of the symposium AND inform us as to what options are available after the symposium concludes . If we only want a one off event , that 's our decision . But I would think we 'd at least want a mechanism to be able to tap the participants to later on endorse the GEP resolution in the appropriate EU institutions . The Burson research will also turn up corporate interest in GEP in general which may help us identify allies regardless of whether we do either a symposium or create a coalition . The presentation therefore at the next TF mtg. will be a single proposal for PM prepared jointly by Burson and APCo . And I 've asked Margery -LSB- Krause of APCO -RSB- and Jim -LSB- Lindheim of B-M -RSB- to come themselves , as well as any other support staff they may wish to have accompany them .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a", "text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f52ddb5f3180452d7ce51b18bfacc11a", "text": "Socialist mode of production In Marxist theory , socialism , also called lower-stage communism or the socialist mode of production , refers to a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that supersede capitalism in the schema of historical materialism . The Marxist definition of socialism is a mode of production where the sole criterion for production is use-value and therefore the law of value no longer directs economic activity . Marxist production for use is coordinated through conscious economic planning , while distribution of economic output is based on the principle of to each according to his contribution . The social relations of socialism are characterized by the working class effectively owning the means of production and the means of their livelihood , either through cooperative enterprises or by public ownership or private artisanal tools and self-management , so that the social surplus accrues to the working class and society as a whole . This view is consistent with , and helped to inform , early conceptions of socialism where the law of value no longer directs economic activity , and thus monetary relations in the form of exchange-value , profit , interest and wage labor would not operate and apply to Marxist socialism . The Marxian conception of socialism stands in contrast to other early conceptions of socialism , most notably early forms of market socialism based on classical economics such as mutualism and Ricardian socialism . Unlike the Marxian conception , these conceptions of socialism retained commodity exchange ( markets ) for labor and the means of production , seeking to perfect the market process . The Marxist idea of socialism was also heavily opposed to utopian socialism . Although Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote very little on socialism and neglected to provide any details on how it might be organized , numerous social scientists and neoclassical economists have used Marx 's theory as a basis for developing their own models of socialist economic systems . The Marxist view of socialism served as a point of reference during the socialist calculation debate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e16b417488de5a742820291847005f64", "text": "Sociology of emotions The sociology of emotion applies sociological theorems and techniques to the study of human emotions . As sociology emerged primarily as a reaction to the negative effects of modernity , many normative theories deal in some sense with emotion without forming a part of any specific subdiscipline : Karl Marx described capitalism as detrimental to personal ` species-being ' , Georg Simmel wrote of the deindividualizing tendencies of ` the metropolis ' , and Max Weber 's work dealt with the rationalizing effect of modernity in general .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e44e0d07e24ea19d593662bb71bffb0f", "text": "Psychology of disenfranchisement The Psychology of Disenfranchisement is a theory developed by Rex Briggs while studying minority groups at social research firm Yankelovich Partners . Originally published by Yankelovich Partners , Grant Lukenbill 's book , Untold Millions , applied the theory to help explain marketing opportunities to gays and lesbians . In Brigg 's original research , he observed higher levels of stress , skepticism and self-protection needs among minority groups . The psychology of disenfranchisement theory suggests that there are three components that drive the psychology of disenfranchisement : alienation , cynicism and perceived victimization . These components interact and intensify each other . Alienation , Briggs argues , may be due to negative perceptions , stereotypes and discrimination condoned and practiced by the dominant culture . The perception of separation from the mainstream culture can create severe stress and can be considered the impetus for the psychology of disenfranchisement . Cynicism is one of the inevitable offshoots of alienation , resulting in the conviction that things will go wrong , that harm is to be expected . It involves a sense that the institutions of society ( from which one is alienated ) are not only remote , but inimical . Victimization is the feeling the develops out of the perception of intentional or unintentional undeserved mistreatment by other individuals , organizations , or institutions . Victimization is a logical outgrowth of feelings of cynicism and alienation from the dominant culture . The perceived victimization legitimizes and justifies the cynicism , and over time this cycle can become entrenched , thereby increasing the feelings of alienation . The resulting needs include : self-understanding ( recognition of and respect for one 's individuality ) , association ( a sharing of occasions with `` people like me '' ) , security ( emotional , social and psychical ) , independence , stress relief ( self-indulgence , escapism ) . All the Rage : The Story of Gay Visibility in America cites Briggs ' psychology of disenfranchisement theory as a launching point to discuss how advertising can offer inclusion in its messaging , so as to resonate better . In 2006 , Steven Andrew Culpepper summarized Dubois 1903 book , Sols of Black Folk as capturing the essence of a double-consciousness , a paradoxical experience of deep psychic atrocity tracing from slavery , `` while the American experience resonates with a hopeful ethos characterized by universality of equality and justice for all . '' Culpepper applies this same psychology of disenfranchisement to women , `` that were severely excluded from its rights and privileges in society that touts equality and justice . '' A more literal use of the concept , `` psychology of disenfranchisement '' has been applied by Keven Lanning where he examines the consequences to both the person and the community when individuals do not have equal access , or equal voices , at the polls .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d17c1cd6b7212a08be0ac2e316a22461", "text": "Vestnik Evropy Vestnik Evropy ( Herald of Europe or Messenger of Europe ) was the major liberal magazine of late-nineteenth-century Russia . It was published from 1866 to 1918 . The magazine ( named for an earlier publication edited by Nikolay Karamzin ) was founded by Mikhail Matveevich Stasyulevich , a former professor of history , who remained the publisher-editor until 1909 ; its editorial office `` was located in Stasyulevich 's flat at 20 Galernaya Street and was one of the centres of St. Petersburg 's cultural and political life ( the journal 's major contributors as well as their friends and associates used to get together on Wednesdays ) . '' The first issue appeared in March 1866 ; for the first two years it was a historical quarterly , but from 1868 it covered history , politics , and literature and came out each month . `` The journal always had a serious , objective , professorial character ; even in the most heated polemics , for example , it shunned harsh invective and often even avoided naming its adversary . '' It consistently supported the zemstvos , judicial reforms , and other reforms of the 1860s , publishing frequent articles on foreign countries and on Russian history that served to promote its own views on contemporary society and politics . It `` placed its dark red monthly booklet , ` like a little brick , on the slowly and arduously erected structure of social rights and consciousness . ' '' During the heated ideological struggles of the 1870s and 1880s , the magazine tried to steer a course between moderate reformism and the kind of revolutionary socialism it consistently opposed ; Leonid-Lyudvig Slonimsky , a frequent contributor on economic and political topics , wrote a regular `` Foreign Survey '' which he used `` to sketch the outlines of an ideal relationship between liberals and socialists in Russia 's not-too-distant parliamentary future , which involved one group supplementing its program with demands for social reforms and the other abandoning its calls for revolution . '' In the 1880s it repudiated state socialism `` as a matter of principle , while continuing to build on the arguments in favor of state interference , which it saw as guaranteeing the people 's welfare '' ; it also `` rejected both the absolutization of the right to private ownership of land and the idea that the land should be nationalized . '' Following the 1905 Russian Revolution , many of its members joined the Constitutional Democratic Party , which separated the journal more and more from the radical movement , and in the spring of 1918 its publication was suppressed by the Soviet authorities ( the last issue was March 1918 ) . Among its contributors over the years were the scientists Kliment Timiryazev , Ivan Sechenov , and Ilya Mechnikov ; the historians Sergey Solovyov , Konstantin Kavelin , and Tadeusz Zielinski ; the literary scholars Alexander Veselovsky and Alexander Pypin ; and the writers Ivan Turgenev , Ivan Goncharov , Aleksandr Ostrovsky , Grigory Danilevsky , and Vladimir Solovyov , among many others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbf6508d1c47ce08708a7a7b781445fc", "text": "Lucrezia Borgia (play) Lucrezia Borgia ( Lucrèce Borgia ) is an 1833 play by the French writer Victor Hugo . It is a historical work portraying the Renaissance-era Italian aristocrat Lucrezia Borgia . The play ( along with Angelo , Tyrant of Padua ) is believed to have been a major influence on Oscar Wilde 's The Duchess of Padua ( 1891 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8276569f80d187d88fc62b671a234f29", "text": "Green World Green World is a literary concept defined by critic Northrop Frye in The Anatomy of Criticism . In some comedies by William Shakespeare , the main characters escape the order of a city for a forested and wild setting adjacent to the city . This natural environment is often described as a green world . It is in this more loosely structured , fantastic environment that issues surrounding social order , romantic relationships , and inter-generational strife , which are a prominent part of the `` city world '' , become resolved , facilitating a return to the normal order . Recent literary critics drawn to ecocriticism have occasionally found the concept valuable to their work as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "589d9f7a6afc3708d11fad4583bbc0b0", "text": "Utopian and dystopian fiction The utopia and its derivative , the dystopia , are genres of literature that explore social and political structures . Utopian fiction portrays a setting that agrees with the author 's ethos , having various attributes of another reality intended to appeal to readers . Dystopian ( or dystopic ) fiction ( sometimes combined with , but distinct from apocalyptic literature ) is the opposite : the portrayal of a setting that completely disagrees with the author 's ethos . Many novels combine both , often as a metaphor for the different directions humanity can take , depending on its choices , ending up with one of two possible futures . Both utopias and dystopias are commonly found in science fiction and other speculative fiction genres , and arguably are by definition a type of speculative fiction . More than 400 utopian works were published prior to the year 1900 in the English language alone , with more than a thousand others during the twentieth century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a0f8c3340cccda6dd14eada41d559d5", "text": "Politics (magazine 1944–1949) politics was a journal founded and edited by Dwight Macdonald from 1944 to 1949 . Macdonald had previously been editor at Partisan Review from 1937 to 1943 , but after falling out with its publishers , quit to start politics as a rival publication , first on a monthly basis and then as a quarterly . politics published essays on politics and culture and included among its contributors James Agee , John Berryman , Bruno Bettelheim , Paul Goodman , C. Wright Mills , Mary McCarthy , Marianne Moore , Irving Howe , Daniel Bell , Hannah Arendt . The journal reflected Macdonald 's interest in European culture . He used politics to introduce US readers to the thinking of the French philosopher Simone Weil , publishing several articles by her , including `` A Poem of Force '' , her reflections on the Iliad . He also printed work by Albert Camus . Another European , the Italian political and literary critic Nicola Chiaromonte , was also given space in the journal . politics was also Macdonald 's vehicle for his repeated and energetic attacks against Henry Wallace and his Progressive Party campaign for President . In a letter to Philip Rahv at the end of December 1943 , George Orwell mentioned that Macdonald had written asking him to contribute to his forthcoming journal . Orwell had replied telling him he might `` do something ` cultural ' '' but not ` political ' as he was already writing his `` London Letters '' to Partisan Review . In his `` As I Please '' article for the 16 June 1944 issue of Tribune , George Orwell recommended politics . He stated that he disagreed with its policy but admired `` its combination of highbrow political analysis with intelligent literary criticism . '' He went on to add that there were no monthly or quarterly magazines in England `` to come up to '' the American ones , of which there were several . Macdonald , in an editorial comment for the November 1944 issue of politics referred to a letter from Orwell which cast interesting light on the ` russification ' of English political thought over the last two years . Orwell had read the May issue 's review of Harold Laski 's Faith , Reason and Civilisation and mentioned that the Manchester Evening News , the evening edition of the Manchester Guardian , had refused to print his own review because of its anti-Stalin implications . Despite considering the book `` pernicious tripe '' , Orwell had praised the author for being `` aware that the USSR is the real dynamo of the Socialist movement in this country and everywhere else . '' , but criticized him for shutting his eyes to `` purges , liquidations '' , etc. . Macdonald pointed out that the fact that such a review should be considered `` too hot '' shows how much the feats of the Red Army had misled the English public opinion about Russia . He added that the `` English liberal press had been far more honest about the Moscow Trials than our own liberal journals '' and that Trotsky had been able to write in the Guardian .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e3490feba34fd5c03ee6c03e498e754", "text": "Social Problems Social Problems is the official publication of the Society for the Study of Social Problems . It is a quarterly peer-reviewed journal published by Oxford University Press since 2015 and formerly published by University of California Press . It was established in 1953 . Some of the areas covered by the journal include : conflict , social action , and change ; crime and juvenile delinquency ; drinking and drugs ; health , health policy , and health services ; mental health ; poverty , class , and inequality ; racial and ethnic minorities ; sexual behavior , politics , and communities ; and youth , aging , and the life course . The editor-in-chief is Pamela Anne Quiroz ( University of Houston ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9affe046dab904020747d9f5494e22ba", "text": "Theme (narrative) In contemporary literary studies , a theme is the central topic a text treats . Themes can be divided into two categories : a work 's thematic concept is what readers `` think the work is about '' and its thematic statement being `` what the work says about the subject '' . The most common contemporary understanding of theme is an idea or point that is central to a story , which can often be summed in a single word ( e.g. love , death , betrayal ) . Typical examples of themes of this type are conflict between the individual and society ; coming of age ; humans in conflict with technology ; nostalgia ; and the dangers of unchecked ambition . A theme may be exemplified by the actions , utterances , or thoughts of a character in a novel . An example of this would be the thematic idea of loneliness in John Steinbeck 's Of Mice and Men , wherein many of the characters seem to be lonely . It may differ from the thesis -- the text 's or author 's implied worldview . A story may have several themes . Themes often explore historically common or cross-culturally recognizable ideas , such as ethical questions , and are usually implied rather than stated explicitly . An example of this would be whether one should live a seemingly better life , at the price of giving up parts of one 's humanity , which is a theme in Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World . Along with plot , character , setting , and style , theme is considered one of the components of fiction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a17b18db69e04fb08ba30edc1e0130d", "text": "Logic of Empire `` Logic of Empire '' is a science fiction novella by American writer Robert A. Heinlein . Part of his Future History series , it originally appeared in Astounding Science Fiction ( March 1941 ) , and was collected in The Green Hills of Earth ( and subsequently The Past Through Tomorrow ) . Ostensibly a tale about a man in the wrong place at the wrong time , and his struggle to free himself from the oppressive circumstances in which he is plunged , this story also serves to explain how slavery develops in a new colony . Even in the future , the technology available to a new colony is always initially low . If a machine to do a necessary job is too expensive to import ( say a wheat harvester , a water pump , or even a washing machine ) , a human must do it instead . If too many jobs must be done by hand and there is a shortage of labor compared with independent resources that free labor could take up ( `` land '' , although this condition is not clear in the story ) , a market for slavery develops . Decades later , while there is still an abundance of land , this market remains because the colony itself has quotas to meet and debts to repay - they can not spare the resources to develop local industries to make the machines themselves and free labor does not have to bid its price down enough to out compete slave labor . Throughout the story , Heinlein takes the view of the objective narrator when describing Venusian society . `` Logic of Empire '' places different rationales on the people who participate in slavery . There are no real villains ; everybody 's just doing their job , trying to maximize income in a capitalist system . Even the plantation owner who owns the hero is portrayed as a struggling -- and failing -- small businessman , whose main motivation is to secure a livelihood for his daughter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "178ba7f660c0ca3c3f9bc2b64688b9a2", "text": "Social Justice (periodical) Social Justice was an antisemitic American Roman Catholic periodical published by Father Charles Coughlin during the late 1930s and early 1940s . Social Justice was controversial for printing antisemitic polemics such as The Protocols of the Elders of Zion . Coughlin claimed that Marxist atheism in Europe was a Jewish plot against America . The December 5 , 1938 , issue of Social Justice included an article by Coughlin which reportedly closely resembled a speech made by Joseph Goebbels on September 13 , 1935 , attacking Jews and Communists , with some sections being copied verbatim by Coughlin from an English translation of the Goebbels speech . Coughlin , however , stated , `` Nothing can be gained by linking ourselves with any organization which is engaged in agitating racial animosities or propagating racial hatreds . '' Furthermore , in an interview with Eddie Doherty , Coughlin stated : `` My purpose is to help eradicate from the world its mania for persecution , to help align all good men . Catholic and Protestant , Jew and Gentile , Christian and non-Christian , in a battle to stamp out the ferocity , the barbarism and the hate of this bloody era . I want the good Jews with me , and I 'm called a Jew baiter , an anti-Semite . '' After America 's entry into World War II , Coughlin 's broadcasts were ended by the National Association of Broadcasters . In 1942 , the periodical 's second class mailing permit was revoked under the Espionage Act of 1917 as part of Attorney General Francis Biddle 's efforts against `` vermin '' publications . The paper remained available on newsstands in cities such as Boston , where it was distributed by private delivery trucks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "281ad9273c5fdedf6b01919646686394", "text": "Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee . Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 . When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c06600d3db3c68add468ec91241f5183", "text": "Echoes of the Marseillaise Echoes of the Marseillaise : Two Centuries Look Back on the French Revolution is a book by Eric Hobsbawm , first published in 1990 by Verso Books . It was written just after the bicentenary of the French Revolution which was accompanied by a large outpouring of work and theories on it ( a fact that was accentuated by the spread of anti-Communist revolutions across Eastern Europe in 1989 , which polarised commentators between those who saw it as a culmination or embodiment of French Revolutionary ideas and those who saw it as their emphatic repudiation ) . Hobsbawm analyses the Revolution , primarily from the perspective of how it has been subsequently interpreted over the course of the two centuries since it occurred , and examines the way that it has been re-written based on contemporary ideologies . In particular , Hobsbawm writes polemically in opposition to what he sees as the dominant trajectory in writing about the Revolution during his era : that of a revisionism which downplayed the successes of the Revolution and stressed instead its violence , rapacity and destructiveness . He argues , for instance , that the bicentenary was `` largely dominated by those who , to put it simply , do not like the French Revolution and its heritage '' . Hobsbawm 's view is that for many in the nineteenth century , the Revolution was seen as a bourgeois precursor of potential future proletarian revolutions . He argues further that many Marxists , chiefly from 1917 to the 1960s used it as an example of a much longer-term reading of political change but that in the 1970s and 1980s ( after the first major work of revisionism by Alfred Cobban written in the Cold War milieu of the 1950s ) many historians began to argue that the Revolution achieved only limited results which were outweighed by extravagant costs . In his eyes , this shift of interpretation was a false one , and his work concludes that the Revolution was a crucial event not only for what it achieved in itself , but in terms of its longer-term patrimony to history . He concludes that `` Liberty , equality and fraternity , and the values of Reason and the Enlightenment - the values on which modern civilisation has been built , since the American Revolution - are more needed than ever '' and , finally , that the Revolution improved the world , and did so on a permanent basis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018dbcfea7e664482df3b8e7c00f2f93", "text": "Right-wing politics Right-wing politics hold that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable , natural , normal , or desirable , typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law , economics or tradition . Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies . The term right-wing can generally refer to `` the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system . '' The political terms Right and Left were first used during the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 99 ) , and referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament ; those who sat to the right of the chair of the parliamentary president were broadly supportive of the institutions of the monarchist Ancien Régime . The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left , and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy , tradition , and clericalism . The use of the expression la droite ( the right ) became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815 , when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists . The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms `` right '' and `` left '' to their own politics until the 20th century . Although the right-wing originated with traditional conservatives , monarchists and reactionaries , the term extreme right-wing has also been applied to movements including fascists , Nazis , and racial supremacists . From the 1830s to the 1880s , there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy , moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism . This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party , which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism . In the United States , the Right includes both economic and social conservatives . In Europe , economic conservatives are usually considered liberal , and the Right includes nationalists , nativist opposition to immigration , religious conservatives , and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with anti-capitalist sentiments including conservatives and fascists who opposed what they saw as the selfishness and excessive materialism inherent in contemporary capitalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e832e8f2faf0b9d103ef3bc7bac8edd", "text": "Gustave de Romand Gustave , baron de Romand , ( 18 -- - 18 -- ) was a respected amateur French entomologist , a member of the Société entomologique de France . who was prominent in the political arena . He contributed on September 4 , 1837 , a `` Description of the male Epomidiopteron Julii . '' to the Royal Entomological Society of London , but his modest place in the history of entomology is secured by his Tableau de l'aile supérieure des Hyménoptêres ( privately printed in Paris , 1838 ) . In a hand-colored lithograph it presented 28 kinds of Hymenopteran upper wings , their homologous features differently tinted , so that by comparing them the viewer could establish to which family an individual specimen belonged . In an accompanying printed 14-column table , the terms used by previous entomologists to describe Hymnopteran wings are tabulated.are presented for comparison . The Australian paper wasp Ropalidia romandi was named by Élie Jean François Le Guillou to honour him in 1841 . M. de Roland was more widely known among his contemporaries as a conservative politician , author of the political essay De l'État des partis en France ( 1839 ) , and of an essay on the dictatorial political strength of radical , socialist Paris over the provinces ( De la dictature de Paris sur la France ) in the year of revolution , 1848 . The crisis of 1848 elicited from him several other pamphlets . He was a member of the Corps législatif under the Second Empire ( 1852-1870 ) . He published his Souvenirs politiques et administratifs in 1855 . His father , aide-de-camp of the prince de Polignac and a staunch royalist during the Hundred Days was ennobled by Louis XVIII at the second Bourbon restoration , 1815 , and was made a member of the Legion of Honor .", "title": "" } ]
fever
108284fd83624920fb0e85a46219146e
Nicole Kidman is not a citizen of any country.
[ { "docid": "e93e12a097b1ce071e6087db0e27fdc1", "text": "Nicole Kidman Nicole Mary Kidman , AC ( born June 20 , 1967 ) is an Australian actress and film producer . Kidman 's breakthrough roles were in the 1989 feature film thriller Dead Calm and television thriller miniseries Bangkok Hilton . Appearing in several films in the early 1990s , she came to worldwide recognition for her performances in the stock-car racing film Days of Thunder ( 1990 ) , the romance-drama Far and Away ( 1992 ) , and the superhero film Batman Forever ( 1995 ) . Other successful films followed in the late 1990s . Her performance in the musical Moulin Rouge ! ( 2001 ) earned her a second Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Comedy or Musical and her first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress . Kidman 's performance as Virginia Woolf in the drama film The Hours ( 2002 ) received critical acclaim and earned her the Academy Award for Best Actress , the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama and the Silver Bear for Best Actress at the Berlin International Film Festival . Kidman 's other notable films include the crime comedy-drama To Die For ( 1995 ) , for which she won her first Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Comedy or Musical , the erotic thriller Eyes Wide Shut ( 1999 ) , the horror-thriller The Others ( 2001 ) , the epic war drama film Cold Mountain ( 2003 ) , the drama Dogville ( 2003 ) , the political thriller The Interpreter ( 2005 ) , and the epic historical romantic drama Australia ( 2008 ) . Her performances in the drama Birth ( 2004 ) and the thriller The Paperboy ( 2012 ) earned her Golden Globe nominations for Best Actress and Supporting Actress respectively . Her performance in the 2010 drama Rabbit Hole ( 2010 ) , which she also produced , earned Kidman further accolades , including a third nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2012 , she earned her first Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role in the biopic Hemingway & Gellhorn ( 2012 ) . Kidman 's performance in Lion ( 2016 ) earned her a fourth Academy Award nomination , her first for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . In 2017 , Kidman returned to television , starring in the HBO miniseries Big Little Lies . Kidman has been a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF since 1994 and for UNIFEM since 2006 . In 2006 , Kidman was made a Companion in the Order of Australia , and was the highest-paid actress in the motion picture industry for that year . As a result of being born to Australian parents in Hawaii , Kidman has dual citizenship in Australia and the United States . Kidman founded and owns the production company Blossom Films .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d3aa0fb134a773311eeeb7acb8f9366f", "text": "Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act The Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act ( `` UCAPA '' ) is a Uniform Act drafted by the National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws and submitted for enactment by jurisdictions within the United States in 2006 . This uniform law originated by the parents of internationally abducted children , and parents fearing their children would be abducted . In 2006 , NCCUSL promulgated the Uniform Child Abduction Prevention Act . The act provides States with a valuable tool for deterring both domestic and international child abductions by parents and any persons acting on behalf of the parents . Recognizing that most States have already developed substantial bodies of law regarding child custody determinations and enforcement , including specifically the Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction and Enforcement Act ( UCCJEA ) , the NCCUSL drafted UCAPA to be compatible with and to augment existing state law . Under UCAPA , an action for abduction prevention measures may be brought either by a court on its own motion , by a party to a child-custody determination or an individual with a right to seek such a determination , or by a prosecutor or public attorney . The party seeking the abduction prevention measures must file a petition with the court specifying the risk factors for abduction as well as other biographical information including the name , age and gender of the child , the current address of the child and the person against whom the measures are sought , a statement regarding any prior actions related to abduction or domestic violence , a statement addressing any prior arrests for domestic violence or child abuse by either party , and finally any additional information required by existing State child custody law including the UCCJEA . UCAPA sets out a wide variety of factors that should be considered in determining whether there is a credible risk that a child will be abducted . These factors include overt signs such as previous abductions , attempts to abduct the child , or threats of abduction , as well as signs of general abuse including domestic violence , negligence , or refusal to obey a child-custody determination . The act also includes a wide range of activities that may indicate a planned abduction including abandoning employment , liquidating assets , obtaining travel documents or travel tickets , or requesting the child 's school or medical records . The act also addresses the special problems involved with international child abduction by including several risk factors specifically related to international abduction . In particular , the act requires courts to consider whether the party in question is likely to take a child to a country that is n't a party to the Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction , or to a country that places the child at risk , has laws that would restrict access to the child , that is on the current list of state sponsors of terrorism , or is engaged in an active military action or war . In addition , a court will consider issues related to citizenship such as a recent change in citizenship status or a denial of United States Citizenship . If a court determines that a credible risk exists that the child will be abducted , it may then enter an order containing provisions and measures meant to prevent abduction . The act lists a number of specific measures that a court may order . These include imposing travel restrictions , prohibiting the individual from removing the child from the State or other set geographic area , placing the child 's name in the United States Department of State 's Child Passport Issuance Alert Program , or requiring the individual to obtain an order from a foreign country containing identical terms to the child-custody determination . An abduction prevention order is effective until the earliest of the order 's expiration , the child 's emancipation , the child 's 18th birthday , or until the order is modified , revoked , or vacated . If abduction appears imminent , a court may issue a warrant to take physical custody of the child , direct law enforcement officers to take steps to locate and return the child , or exercise other appropriate powers under existing state laws . A warrant to take physical custody is enforceable in the enacting state even if issued by different state . The court may authorize law enforcement officers to enter private property , or even to make a forcible entry at any hour , if the circumstances so warrant . Nevertheless , the person on whom the warrant is being executed must be served with the warrant when or immediately after the child is taken into custody and the person must be afforded a hearing no later than the next judicial day or the next possible judicial day if the next day is impossible . Up to date legislative activity on UCAPA can be found here .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcc3ddb3468cbfdd94c9e8cd861b0da4", "text": "Stateless nation Stateless nation is a political term for ethnic/national minority that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state . The term implies that the group `` should have '' such a state . Members of stateless ethnic groups may be citizens/nationals of the country in which they live , or they may be denied citizenship by that country . Stateless nations are usually not represented as a nation in international sports such as FIFA , Olympics or in international communities such as the United Nations . Nations without state are classified as fourth world nations . Some of the stateless nations have a great heritage and a long tradition of statehood in the past and some were always a stateless nation , which was dominated by another nation for a large part of its history . Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states ( for example , the Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria , Benin and Togo ) or form the native population of a province within a larger state ( such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People 's Republic of China ) . Some stateless nations historically had a state , which was absorbed by another ; for example , Tibet 's declaration of independence in 1913 was not recognized , and it was invaded in 1951 by the People 's Republic of China which claims that Tibet is an integral part of China , while the Tibetan government-in-exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation . Some ethnic groups were once a stateless nation that later became a nation state ( for example , the nations of the Balkans such as the Croats , Serbs , Bosniaks , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Kosovars and Macedonians were once part of a multinational state of Yugoslavia . Since the breakup of Yugoslavia many nation states were formed ) . Stateless nations can have large population . For example , The Tamils are a stateless nation in South Asia with a population of more than 70 million . They form one of the largest ethnic groups in South India . Governments may respond differently on stateless nations in their states . For example , the suppression of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka led to one of the longest and most violent separatist conflict between 1983 and 2009 . However , a similar ethnic conflict was absent among Tamils in India during this period , because they were peacefully integrated into the federal structure of India . Multiple stateless nations can reside in the same region . For example , Catalans , Basques , Aragonese , Galicians , Asturians , Valencians , Andalusians in Iberian Peninsula or the Brahui , Santhals and Balochs in South Asia . The Romani people are another stateless people . They may be a special case being distributed among numerous countries with no clear homeland ; as a traditionally `` nomadic '' people , the Romani/Roma are a classical `` stateless nation '' without aspiration to sovereign territory . As not all states are nation states , there are a number of ethnic groups who live in a multinational state without being considered `` stateless nations '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2baefa2d19868da9eb3cff2db82b8fe", "text": "Nicole (film) Nicole ( also known as Crazed and The Widow 's Revenge ) is a 1978 American thriller directed by Istvan Ventilla and starring Leslie Caron and Catherine Bach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a417ca0104331703a6ff33a0ebdc2ef1", "text": "Nicole Lamarche Nicole Lamarche is an ordained minister in the United Church of Christ and a beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss California 2003 . Competing in the Miss San Francisco Pageant in 2003 , she won the title and went on to win Miss California 2003 and became the Fourth runner up to the title of Miss America 2004 . She was the swimsuit winner and although she decided to wear high heels during this segment of the competition it was erroneously reported by an espn.com columnist that she competed barefoot . This is most likely due to pictures of her competing in the Miss California swimsuit segment not wearing high heels , as the contestants normally do . She earned over $ 26,000 in scholarships . She earned an MA in theology from the Graduate Theological Union and a Master of Divinity from the Pacific School of Religion . Lamarche spoke publicly about Miss California USA Carrie Prejean 's controversial answer regarding gay marriage . Lamarche was featured on Larry King Live to discuss the topic . Lamarche served as pastor for the Cotuit Federated Church in Cape Cod from 2007 until 2010 . She subsequently relocated to Northern California , where she is trying to get a new United Church of Christ congregation started in the Silicon Valley region . In 2008 , Lamarche married Jeremy Nickel , whom she has met in divinity school . In July , 2011 , the couple had their first child , a baby daughter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3aa25a656965261ff5cc844e3eb406dd", "text": "Christopher Nicole Christopher Robin Nicole ( born ) is a prolific British writer of over 200 novels and non-fiction books since 1957 . He has written as Christopher Nicole and also under several pseudonyms including Peter Grange , Andrew York , Robin Cade , Mark Logan , Christina Nicholson , Alison York , Leslie Arlen , Robin Nicholson , C.R. Nicholson , Daniel Adams , Simon McKay , Caroline Gray and Alan Savage . He also wrote under the pen name Max Marlow when co-authoring with his wife , fellow author Diana Bachmann .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dfdd3baccce39c4da041cbb8dafe4de4", "text": "Elizabeth Nickson Elizabeth Nickson is a Canadian writer and journalist . In the late 1980s and early 1990s , she was European bureau chief of Life magazine . In 2002 , Elizabeth Nickson 's column at the National Post was terminated due to a case of plagiarism . Canada 's National Post has dismissed a columnist due to concerns over plagiarism . The news broke in an Editor 's Note the paper ran on Friday : `` In freelancer Elizabeth Nickson 's column in the National Post of May 31 , 2002 , the following words should have been attributed to Jonah Goldberg of National Review Online : `` Kim Basinger is ` allergic ' to the sun and requires an assistant to carry an umbrella to protect her on the off chance she might be exposed to dangerous solar radiation . Sylvester Stallone once refused to continue with an interview until his hotel room was painted a more ` likable ' peach . Mike Myers almost quit the filming of Wayne 's World because he did n't have any margarine for his bagel . Sean Penn made an assistant swim the dangerous and polluted currents of New York 's East River just to bring him a cigarette . Jennifer Lopez is just one of the many stars who does not permit her employees to look her in the eyes . '' These sentences , as they appeared in Ms. Nickson 's column published two and a half years ago , were slightly revised from Mr. Goldberg 's original article that appeared a year earlier in 2001 . The National Post regrets the omission of the attribution to Mr. Goldberg and the National Review . While Ms. Nickson indicated that her failure to attribute the passage was inadvertent , the Post has decided to discontinue her weekly freelance column . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "809debc50290939b0a441d22a591fe44", "text": "Non-Hispanic whites Non-Hispanic whites or whites not of Hispanic or Latino origin or `` Anglo '' '' ' , '' are people in the United States who , as defined by the Census Bureau , are considered racially white and are not of Hispanic or Latino origin/ethnicity . Non-Hispanic whites are a subcategory of white Americans , the other being white Hispanic and Latino Americans . Although generally all nations in Europe have contributed to the white population through emigration to Northern America in the last few centuries , the majority of non-Hispanic whites trace their origins to Northwestern Europe while other major sources originate in Southern and Eastern Europe ; German , Irish , and English ancestries are the most common . In the United States , this population was first derived from English ( and , to a lesser degree , French ) settlement of the Americas , as well as settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century ( see History of the United States ) . Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike as well as periodically massive immigration from European countries , especially Germany , Ireland , England , Spain , Greece , Sweden and Norway , as well as Poland , Russia , and many more countries . In 2011 , for the first time in U.S. history , non-Hispanic whites accounted for under half of the births in the country , with 49.6 % of total births . At 197.2 million in 2012 , non-Hispanic whites comprise 62.8 % of the total U.S. population .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71ffc98b2a1e3faf8dc6f62b0ef502ee", "text": "The New Americans The New Americans is a seven-hour American documentary , produced by Kartemquin Films , that was originally broadcast on American television over three nights on the Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) in late March 2004 . The observational documentary , which includes minimal voice-over narration and very little direct interviewing of its subjects ( and none in which the interviewer 's voice is heard ) , follows the lives of a series of immigrants to the United States over the course of four years . The series was filmed between 1998 and 2001 , although not all of its subjects were filmed during that entire length of time . The immigrants were filmed both in their countries of origin before immigrating as well as in the United States . The filming during this period was extensive and occurred in the subjects ' homes , at their places of work , in government offices , and in a number of other situations , many of them quite intimate . As a result , The New Americans offers an unusually personal and comprehensive look at the people it profiles . The immigrants profiled and filmed in The New Americans include a group of baseball players from the Dominican Republic hoping to secure a career in Major League Baseball ; a computer programmer from India and his wife ; a family with six children from a farming community in the state of Guanajuato , Mexico ; a family of Ogoni refugees from Nigeria ; and a woman from Palestine who moves to the United States to be with her new husband , a first-generation Palestinian-American who grew up in Chicago . The locations shown in the documentary include not only each of the immigrants ' countries of origin , but also many places in the United States where the immigrants settled or traveled , including Chicago ( the Palestinian and Nigerian immigrants ) , the Silicon Valley of California ( the Indian immigrants ) , Garden City , Kansas and Mecca , California ( the Mexican immigrants ) , and Florida , Georgia and Montana ( the Dominican immigrants ) . The New Americans was executive produced by Steve James ( who also produced the acclaimed 1994 documentary Hoop Dreams ) and Gordon Quinn , both of Kartemquin Films . It was broadcast on PBS as part of the series Independent Lens , in association with the Independent Television Service ( ITVS ) . The program was also broadcast in the United Kingdom on the cable network BBC Four in early April 2004 . Steve James on the making of the New Americans , `` From the beginning , we knew we wanted to tell multiple stories , because every immigrant I 've met has a very rich and varied story to tell about where they come from . We also were excited about the idea of telling these people 's stories before they left their countries so that we could begin to understand these people in their own country before they gave it all up to come here . They 're all facing different problems different dreams , so there 's that diversity too . They 're a nice collection of stories because their differences and similarities . '' Primary funding was provided by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting ( CPB ) . Additional major funding was provided by The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation , the Annie E. Casey Foundation and PBS . Additional funding also came from the National Endowment of the Arts , BBC , Nick Fraser , SBS , TV Australia , and VPRO , The Netherlands . The New Americans is a presentation of ITVS in association with Latino Public Broadcasting ( LPB ) and Asian Women United/National Asian American Telecommunications Association ( NAATA ) . The New Americans won a variety of awards including : The Chicago Award for Best Chicago or Illinois Production , Chicago International Television Competition ( 2004 ) ; Gold Hugo for Best Overall Production , Chicago International Television Competition 2004 -RSB- ; Best Limited Series , Distinguished Documentary Achievement Awards , International Documentary Association ( IDA ) ( 2004 ) ; and the Christopher Award , TV/Cable Category , ( 2005 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c66ccd2786c11ee5dea06b0053cf5b6", "text": "Nicole Willis Nicole Willis ( born December 26 , 1963 ) is an American singer/songwriter/producer / director and visual artist . Willis lives and works in Helsinki , Finland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef04d468cf5c69e16dc98f8beb982df5", "text": "Human trafficking in Colombia The country of Colombia is a major source country for women and girls subjected to trafficking in persons , specifically forced prostitution in Latin America , the Caribbean , Western Europe , Asia , and North America , including the United States . Within Colombia , some men are found in conditions of forced labor , but the forced prostitution of women and children from rural areas in urban areas remains a larger problem . Individual cases of forced marriage -- a risk factor for trafficking -- involuntary domestic servitude , and forced begging have been reported . Some children are subjected to forced labor in mines and quarries , in the agricultural sector or as domestic servants . Groups at high risk for internal trafficking include displaced persons , poor women in rural areas , and relatives of members of criminal organizations . Continued armed violence in Colombia has displaced many communities , making them vulnerable to human trafficking . Guerillas and new illegal armed groups forcibly recruit children to join their ranks ; the government estimates thousands of children are exploited under such conditions . Members of gangs and organized criminal networks force their relatives and acquaintances , and displaced persons -- typically women and children -- into conditions of forced prostitution and forced labor , including forced work in the illegal drug trade . Colombia also is a destination for foreign child sex tourists , particularly coastal cities such as Cartagena and Barranquilla . Migrants from South America , Africa , and China transit Colombia en route to the United States and Europe ; some may fall victim to traffickers . The Government of Colombia fully complies with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking in persons . During the reporting period , the government increased law enforcement actions against trafficking offenders , enhanced prevention efforts , and continued to offer victim services through an interagency trafficking operations center and through partnerships with NGOs and international organizations . The significant number of Colombians trafficked abroad , however , reflects the need for increased prevention efforts and victim services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f50eb95b4e35afd6d5ab4754e9ecb804", "text": "The Others (2001 film) The Others ( Los Otros ) is a 2001 Spanish-American supernatural gothic horror film with elements of psychological horror . It was written , directed , and scored by Alejandro Amenábar . It stars Nicole Kidman and Fionnula Flanagan . The film won eight Goya Awards , including awards for Best Film and Best Director . This was the first English-language film ever to receive the Best Film Award at the Goyas ( Spain 's national film awards ) , without a single word of Spanish spoken in it . The Others was nominated for six Saturn Awards including Best Director and Best Writing for Amenábar and Best Performance by a Younger Actor for Alakina Mann , and won three : Best Horror Film , Best Actress for Kidman and Best Supporting Actress for Fionnula Flanagan . Kidman was also nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in Drama and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role , with Amenábar being nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay , a rare occurrence for a horror film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f9bcd67d19422ee4b32dd98ab0aea6f", "text": "Skin Deep (1983 film) Skin Deep is a 1985 Australian TV movie set in the fashion industry which features an early screen appearance by Nicole Kidman . It was one of the few Australian films to be set in this milieu and was an attempt to do an Australian Dallas or Dynasty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1aa0525c0bad349fd707caa86a01b0d", "text": "Anti-Mexican sentiment Anti-Mexican sentiment is a negative attitude to people of Mexican descent , Mexican culture and/or accents of Mexican Spanish most commonly found in the United States . In general it is closely associated with Mexican and United States Independence wars , and the struggle over Southwestern territories that once belonged to Spain through the establishment of building Catholic Missions . This eventually would lead to war between the two nations and the defeat of Mexico which came with a great loss of territory . In the 20th century , anti-Mexican sentiment continued to grow after the Zimmermann Telegram incident between the Mexican government during the Mexican Revolution and the German Empire during World War I , . Most of all , anti-Mexican sentiment in the USA stemmed from perception that blame Mexicans for illegal immigration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28a284da25f3be6a277d56ba7b31537b", "text": "Nicole Bilderback Nicole Bilderback ( born June 10 , 1975 ) is a Korean-born American actress , known for her recurring guest roles on the television programs Dark Angel and Dawson 's Creek , and the films Bring It On and Bad Girls From Valley High ( aka A Fate Totally Worse than Death ) . She also was one of the Cordettes , Cordelia Chase 's friends , on the Buffy the Vampire Slayer episode `` The Wish '' and the Unaired Buffy pilot . She also starred in a few episodes in season 6 of The Fresh Prince of Bel Air as Ashley 's friend .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "348074346c57c092353893f19ed4549b", "text": "Philippines–United States relations Philippines -- United States relations ( Filipino : Ugnayang Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ) are bilateral relations between the United States of America and its former colony , the Republic of the Philippines . The relationship between the United States and the Philippines has historically been strong and has been described as a Special Relationship . The current Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte , however , is supportive of a foreign policy that is less dependent on the United States , favoring one that prioritizes closer relations with China instead . The Philippines is one of the oldest Asian partners of the U.S. and a strategically major non-NATO ally . The United States was consistently ranked as one of the Philippines ' favorite nations in the world , with 90 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91 % viewing Americans favorably in 2002 , 90 % of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011 , 85 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and Americans favorably in 2013 , and 92 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. favorably in 2015 , and 89 % having confidence in United States president , Barack Obama in 2014 , making the Philippines the most pro-American country in the world . On October 20 , 2016 , the President of the Philippines announced a `` separation '' from the US , both militarily and economically , in favor of alliances with China and Russia . This article discusses Philippine -- American relations after Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 , while the article History of the Philippines ( 1898 -- 1946 ) describes the history of the Philippines during American colonial rule .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a3297da266925f93e1422d7432a9fc0", "text": "United Nations Year for Tolerance The United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 1995 the United Nations Year for Tolerance with UNESCO as the lead organization . ( It had invited the Economic and Social Council to consider the matter in an earlier session . ) The idea and practice of tolerance was widely promoted in schools in many member states . Tolerance was held to be an ` endangered virtue ' in many parts of the world , particularly those who were under racial and religious wars , such as those in Bosnia and Rwanda . UNESCO said that five key planks were required to overcome intolerance : law , education , access to information , individual awareness and local solutions . Tolerance is thus a political , legal and moral duty to protect and preserve human rights . The International Day for Tolerance is now celebrated on November 16 every year , in recognition of the Paris Declaration which was signed that day in 1995 by 185 member states . In 1995 , a press conference was held at the United Nations by 12-year-old Mark Semotiuk who launched his book `` 401 Goofy Jokes for Kids '' which united kids from Ukraine , Canada and the United States , as one of the symbols for the United Nations Year for Tolerance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f70ce3670c44e6a6ee239741f570be30", "text": "Nicole Luiken Nicole Luiken ( born May 25 , 1971 in Manning , Alberta ) is a Canadian science fiction and speculative fiction author of novels for teens and adults . She worked as a librarian for several years before giving it up to write full-time . She currently lives in Edmonton , Alberta with her husband Aaron and sons Simon and Luke . She had published her first two novels by the time she was in grade 11 . Nicole 's novel Unlocking the Doors won her a YTV Achievement Award for writing in 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaffde3d8c0aaf15ad10c76071541581", "text": "Nicole Krauss Nicole Krauss ( born August 18 , 1974 ) is an American author best known for her three novels Man Walks Into a Room ( 2002 ) , The History of Love ( 2005 ) and Great House ( 2010 ) . Her fiction has been published in The New Yorker , Harper 's , Esquire , and Granta 's Best American Novelists Under 40 , and has been collected in Best American Short Stories 2003 and Best American Short Stories 2008 . Her novels have been translated into 35 languages . In 2010 , she was selected as one of The New Yorker 's `` 20 Under 40 '' writers to watch . In 2011 , Nicole Krauss won an award from the Anisfield-Wolf Book Awards for her novel Great House .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe0ca5804f324e01ebd865d46092b39e", "text": "Anna Nicole Smith Vickie Lynn Hogan professionally known as Anna Nicole Smith ( born November 28 , 1967 -- February 8 , 2007 ) was an American model , actress and television personality . Smith first gained popularity in Playboy , winning the title of 1993 Playmate of the Year . She modeled for fashion companies including Guess , H&M , Heatherette , and Lane Bryant . Smith dropped out of high school and was married three years later in 1985 . Her highly publicized second marriage to J. Howard Marshall resulted in speculation that she married the octogenarian mainly for his money , which she denied . Following Marshall 's death , Smith began a lengthy legal battle over a share of his estate . Her case , Marshall v. Marshall , reached the U.S. Supreme Court on a question of federal jurisdiction , and again on a question of bankruptcy court authority ( now called Stern v. Marshall ) . Smith died on February 8 , 2007 , in a Hollywood , Florida , hotel room as a result of an overdose of prescription drugs . During the final six months of her life , Smith was the focus of renewed press coverage surrounding the death of her son , Daniel , and the paternity and custody battle over her newborn daughter , Dannielynn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "385a7e1a2bdf6b34a0554a6cd3074e0c", "text": "Nicolette Krebitz Nicolette Krebitz ( born 2 September 1972 in Berlin , Germany ) is a director , actress , model , and singer . She is often credited as Coco in her creative works .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e88d51c081a071ff092cf632716467be
Three Days of the Condor features a Swedish actor.
[ { "docid": "f1f25b6407402ba44fcce838601a1c4c", "text": "Three Days of the Condor Three Days of the Condor ( stylized on the poster art as 3 Days of the Condor ) is a 1975 American political thriller film directed by Sydney Pollack and starring Robert Redford , Faye Dunaway , Cliff Robertson , and Max von Sydow . The screenplay by Lorenzo Semple Jr. and David Rayfiel was adapted from the 1974 novel Six Days of the Condor by James Grady . The main point of variance from novel to film lies in the presentation of the CIA . In Grady 's book , a rogue element within the Agency is motivated by drug-running greed . In the film , the same individuals act with equal ruthlessness to hide a project intended to protect long-term national interests . Set mainly in New York City and Washington , D.C. , the film is about a bookish CIA researcher who comes back from lunch , discovers all his co-workers shot dead , and tries to outwit those responsible until he figures out whom he can really trust . The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Film Editing . Semple and Rayfiel received an Edgar Award from the Mystery Writers of America for Best Motion Picture Screenplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4378a0bf2baeb46406bc0692099fd00e", "text": "Max von Sydow Max von Sydow ( -LSB- vɒn_ˈsiːdoʊ -RSB- Swedish : -LSB- fɔn ˈsyːdɔv -RSB- born Carl Adolf von Sydow ; 10 April 1929 ) is a Swedish actor who became a French citizen in 2002 . He has appeared in many films in many languages , including Swedish , Norwegian , Danish , German , English , French , Italian , and Spanish . He received the Royal Foundation of Sweden 's Cultural Award in 1954 , was made a Commandeur des Arts et des Lettres in 2005 , and was named a -LSB- Legion of Honour , Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur -RSB- on 17 October 2012 . Sydow has appeared in well over a hundred films and TV shows . Some of his most memorable film roles include Knight Antonius Block in Ingmar Bergman 's The Seventh Seal ( 1957 ) , the first of his eleven films with Bergman and the film that includes the iconic scenes in which he plays chess with Death ; Martin in Through a Glass Darkly ( 1961 ) ; Jesus in The Greatest Story Ever Told ( 1965 ) ; Oktober in The Quiller Memorandum ( 1966 ) ; Karl Oskar Nilsson in The Emigrants ( 1971 ) ; Roy Lindberg in The Apple War ( 1971 ) ; Father Lankester Merrin in The Exorcist ( 1973 ) ; Joubert the assassin in Three Days of the Condor ( 1975 ) ; Ming the Merciless in Flash Gordon ( 1980 ) ; the villain Ernst Stavro Blofeld in the James Bond film Never Say Never Again ( 1983 ) ; Liet-Kynes in Dune ( 1984 ) ; Frederick in Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) ; Lassefar in Pelle the Conqueror ( 1987 ) , for which he received his first Academy Award nomination ; Dr Peter Ingham in Awakenings ( 1990 ) ; Lamar Burgess in Minority Report ( 2002 ) ; Josiah Kane in Solomon Kane ( 2009 ) ; Sir Walter Loxley in Robin Hood ( 2010 ) ; The Renter in Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close ( 2012 ) , which earned him his second Academy Award nomination ; and Lor San Tekka in `` Star Wars : The Force Awakens '' ( 2015 ) . In 2016 , Sydow joined the cast of HBO 's hit series Game of Thrones , playing the role of the Three-eyed Raven for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "103d14b27602101064325dbc47ac4e24", "text": "Jaecki Schwarz Jaecki Schwarz ( born 26 February 1946 in Berlin ) is a German actor . He performed in more than ninety films since 1967 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2ef248c6907e2a1427f745c8ce0d60b", "text": "Emil Forselius Emil Forselius ( 23 November 1974 -- 1 March 2010 ) was a Swedish actor . He graduated from the Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting in 2002 . He was awarded a Guldbagge Award for his role as Lasse in the film Tic Tac .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0a46e46313041d9ad968f6b52398f0e", "text": "Lukas Haas Lukas Daniel Haas ( born April 16 , 1976 ) is an American actor and musician . His acting career has spanned three decades , during which he has appeared in more than 50 feature films and a number of television shows and stage productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e1f2db5a803c47a0d35fc5d0c1f628c", "text": "Halvar Björk Erik Halvar Bertil Björk ( September 22 , 1928 -- November 12 , 2000 ) was a Swedish actor . He worked at the Malmö City Theatre from 1962 till 1986 , but also made many substantial film - and TV-roles ; for example , he acted in Autumn Sonata ( 1978 ) and Sunday 's Children ( 1992 ) by Ingmar Bergman and The Emigrants ( 1971 ) and The New Land ( 1972 ) by Jan Troell . Björk won the Best Actor at the 5th Guldbagge Awards for his performance in the Yngve Gamlin film Badarna ( 1968 ) . He died of lung cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cc4045e52ba4c72e91ac80d077d7b2b", "text": "Stig Larsson (author) Stig Håkan Larsson is a Swedish writer of novels , dramas , poetry , political essays and short stories , film writer , director and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90589fc3f19f1240b7173ab1b26097c1", "text": "Marie Robertson Marie Charlotte Robertson ( born 14 April 1977 ) is a Swedish actress . She was born in Sunne , Sweden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "970b9c01df97ec255ebd42e084b85a07", "text": "Daniel Bernhardt Daniel Bernhardt ( born 31 August 1965 ) is a Swiss actor , model and martial artist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "204e0d74eee2d0ce8db3cccdf9aa25af", "text": "Göran Gillinger Anders Göran Gillinger , ( born 13 February 1973 ) is a Swedish actor and former model . He has a broad background in classical theatre , television and film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03125080a6a80d86a241832a4fa355b1", "text": "Charlotta Eriksson Charlotta Maria Eriksson ( 11 February 1794 -- 21 April 1862 ) was a Swedish actress , one of the most popular and notable actors in Sweden in the first half of the 19th century . She was also a translator , an actor-instructor , a vice principal , and a painter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30cbb3f5b2563904b1de0defe0407a75", "text": "Göran Forsmark Rolf Göran Forsmark ( born 4 February 1955 in Malmberget , Sweden ) is a Swedish actor . Forsmark studied at NAMA in Malmö 1976 -- 79 and works with films and theatre . Forsmark has played a role in Svante Lindqvist 's Mannen från Malmberget around Sweden .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a857179715723647d96b1f2b7e9d8bd7", "text": "Jan Tříska Jan Triska or Jan Tříska ( -LSB- ˈjan ˈtr̝̊iːska -RSB- ; 4 November 1936 ) is a Czech actor , most notable for portraying Captain Henry Wirz in the American television film Andersonville .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2512edae165a89b9b9b21f8fb39d7f6c", "text": "Edvard Swartz Edvard Maurits Swartz , ( 15 February 1826 , Stockholm -- 14 December 1897 , Stockholm ) , was a Swedish actor , one of the stars at the Royal Dramatic Theatre at the mid 19th century . Swartz became a student at the Royal Dramatic Theatre in 1839 and was employed at the theatre Mindre teatern 1845 -- 1853 before he returned to the Royal Dramatic Theatre where he made a great success the same year and was given a contract . He was seen as a great talent in tragedy and hero parts , and for his `` deep sense of feeling '' , and his beauty attracted attention ; when he did the role of Rochester in Jane Eyre , the papers spoke of the `` Swartzsjuka '' ( `` Swartz Sickness '' ; in Sweden , the word jealousy is spelled as `` Svartsjuka '' ) which had erupted in the audience . Among his parts were Richard II , Othello , Timon af Aten , Leontes in En vintersaga ( A Winter 's Tale ) by Shakespeare , Sardanapalus by Byron , Fiesko , Egmont and Tartuffe , Caligula in Fäktaren från Ravenna ( The fencer from Ravenna ) , Rochester in Jane Eyre , Louis XII in the play by Delavigne and in Gringoire , Maxime Odiot in En fattig ung mans äfventyr ( The adventurse of a poor Youth ) , Daniel Hjort , Valdemar in Ung-Hanses dotter ( Young Hans 's daughter ) , Gustaf Vasa in Dagen gryr ( Day dawn ) , Gustaf III in En konung ( A King ) and Örnulf in Kämparne på Helgeland ( The fighters on Helgeland ) . His health was bad and he had to retire in 1881 . He was from 1854 married to his colleague Clementine Fehrnström , who was also employed at the Royal Dramatic Theatre 1853 -- 1888 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df46d9f0a73fb5a1d17679783e1bb6ff", "text": "Sven Pippig Sven Pippig ( 27 May 1963 -- 25 September 2013 ) was a German actor . He appeared in more than sixty films from 1993 to 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4179fd38bb7e164aa41199a49714aa72", "text": "Per Grundén Per Gustaf Grundén ( 23 May 1922 -- 6 February 2011 ) was a Swedish singer and actor . He spent a substantial part of his career performing in Vienna at the State Opera and the Volksoper . Later in his operatic career he moved from the romantic lead roles to character parts . He became a screen actor , playing in a large number of Swedish films in the 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0f0572d439a08b8fc99ab66ec0eb432", "text": "Jess Osuna Jess Osuna ( May 28 , 1928 -- April 2 , 2011 ) was an American character actor whose credits included Three Days of the Condor and My Old Man . Jess Osuna was a terrific actor and an energetic fellow . He rode his bicycle to appointments , classes and performances all over the city well into his 80s . He had a successful film , television and stage career , including the films : A New Leaf , Three Days of the Condor , All the President 's Men , Taps and Kramer Vs. Kramer , television shows included : Columbo , Kojak , NYPD and Hawk . He had extensive theatre credits as well , his Broadway credits include : Happy Birthday Wanda June , Edison Theatre , 1970-1971 , An Almost Perfect Person , The Belasco Theatre , 1977-1978 , and The Goodbye People by Herb Gardner , at The Ethel Barrymore Theatre , 1968 . He was first a student , then an instructor and performer at HB Studios in Greenwich Village , New York City . He studied with both Herbert Berghoff and Uta Hagen and eventually taught his own classes . For the last 7 years or so of his life he studied with Austin Pendleton , at HB , and performed with the HB Ensemble . Perhaps his favorite role was the title role in Hamlet which he played with the HB Ensemble . He is missed by his friends and fellow actors . Osuna died at his home in Greenwich Village , Manhattan , on April 2 , 2011 , at the age of 82 . He was predeceased by his beloved wife , Mary Anne . He is survived by his daughter Tracy and his grandson , Sean , as well as many nieces and nephews . Osuna was buried at Calvary Cemetery in Woodside , Queens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e95012b098ec244c8196dd606581d00", "text": "Ola Rapace Ola Rapace ( -LSB- ˈuːla raˈpasː -RSB- ; né Pär Ola Norell ; born 3 December 1971 ) is a Swedish actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49d452a0d8159ae6e91ecf22c1c6858b", "text": "Daniel Espinosa Jorge Daniel Espinosa ( born 23 March 1977 ) is a Swedish film director from Trångsund , Stockholm of Chilean origin . He attended the National Film School of Denmark and graduated in 2001 . His third feature film , Easy Money , was the Swedish film with most admissions in Sweden in 2010 . Espinosa was in talks about directing the film adaptation of Assassin 's Creed , but was ultimately replaced by Justin Kurzel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b5592828fcd428ea8c2e9bd8116ae6d", "text": "Mikael Lidhammar Mikael Lidhammar ( born October 28 , 1987 in Luleå , Sweden ) is a professional Swedish ice hockey Winger . Labeled the `` next one , '' the explosive swede is a danger to opposing defenses and himself alike . After a long career in Sweden , Lidhammer joined the Dundas Stars of the EIHL ( Easy in , hard to leave ) in 2015 , where he remains to this day . A fitness enthusiast , Lidhammer 's playing days are far from over , but he has noted that when his playing days are over he would like to pursue a career in financial planning . Noted as a man who hates British ice hockey players and a man who will try and `` kill '' opposing British goalies he is legitamitely the next king of Sweden . Siblings include Plews Scoon and Milan . Favorite movie of all time has said to be the Mighty Ducks 3 where Charlie Conway fresh from the `` Goodwill Games '' was jealous of Adam Banks making varsity on the Eden Hall hockey team . It ends with him getting his ultimate revenge with getting Adam back on the junior varsity squad and defeating the varsity team . Can be found making ships for Facebook .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7d6c1169a5c3c6a5880d3f4f891eb1a", "text": "Peter Gardiner Peter Clarence Gardiner ( born 8 July 1968 in Uppsala ) is a Swedish actor and dancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57ed520d1fa0b3e975e9c635fb691b08", "text": "Three Days (of Hamlet) Three Days ( of Hamlet ) is an American documentary film from independent production company TMG , The Martindale Group , based in Los Angeles , California . TMG previously produced `` Pursuit of Happiness '' in 2000 starring Frank Whaley and Annabeth Gish . Three Days ( of Hamlet ) covers a troupe of actors , and others , who gather to rehearse and perform a staged-reading of William Shakespeare 's Tragedy of Hamlet at the Matrix Theatre in West Hollywood , California during three days in July 2010 . Reality intrudes . Alex Rotaru , Director of the documentary film Shakespeare High , in a personal message to the film 's creator , actor/director Alex Hyde-White , says about Three Days ( of Hamlet ) ' ... jaw-droppingly ambitious and often brilliant ... It was such an exquisite pleasure to learn something new about the play of all plays through your eyes . The pressure cooker in which you put yourself and your fellow actors was truly an ultimate test - I felt butterflies in my stomach just watching it . If Hamlet urges his actors to `` hold a mirror up to nature '' , you hold a mirror up to the mirror itself , doing what the French call ` mise en abime ' , or loosely : ` looking into the abyss of infinite reflections ' The film builds on its main structure of on-stage happenings by juxtaposing stories from the players , including actors Richard Chamberlain ( Polonius ) , Stefanie Powers ( Gertrude ) , Tom Badal ( Claudius ) , Peter Woodward ( Laertes/Player King ) and Joseph Culp ( Himself ) . The lead actor/manager Alex Hyde-White weaves his own personal dramatic narrative about `` Fathers and Sons '' as he recalls stories from his childhood as the son of the well-known British actor Wilfrid Hyde-White . At times , particularly when the character of Hamlet experiences the visitations from his father 's ghost , King Hamlet , the line of what is theatre and what is real life is purposely `` deconstructed '' and what happens onstage is commented on offstage resulting in a self-reflective dynamic of sometimes very powerful and moving proportions . Later , as the Son becomes the Father , a clear line of succession emerges in a profound , archetypal , way .", "title": "" } ]
fever
0e34ec010f1dd6d64fd495c9fb21614d
Ryan Gosling starred in a marital drama.
[ { "docid": "dbc11bcbc97a37e9368e3b4bfcdb7d45", "text": "Ryan Gosling Ryan Thomas Gosling ( born November 12 , 1980 ) is a Canadian actor and musician . He began his career as a child star on the Disney Channel 's Mickey Mouse Club ( 1993 -- 95 ) and went on to appear in other family entertainment programs including Are You Afraid of the Dark ? ( 1995 ) and Goosebumps ( 1996 ) . His first starring film role was as a Jewish neo-Nazi in The Believer ( 2001 ) , and he went on to star in several independent films , including Murder by Numbers ( 2002 ) , The Slaughter Rule ( 2002 ) , and The United States of Leland ( 2003 ) . Gosling came to the attention of a wider audience in 2004 with a leading role in the commercially successful romantic drama The Notebook . His performance as a drug-addicted teacher in Half Nelson ( 2006 ) was nominated for an Academy Award and his performance as a socially inept loner in Lars and the Real Girl ( 2007 ) was nominated for a Golden Globe Award . After a three-year acting hiatus , Gosling starred in the marital drama Blue Valentine ( 2010 ) , earning him a second Golden Globe nomination . Gosling co-starred in three mainstream films in 2011the romantic comedy-drama Crazy , Stupid , Love , the political drama The Ides of March , and the action thriller Driveand received two more Golden Globe nominations . Gosling 's directorial debut Lost River was released in 2014 to poor reviews . Greater success came to Gosling when he starred in two critically acclaimed filmsthe financial comedy-drama The Big Short ( 2015 ) and the musical La La Land ( 2016 ) . For the latter , he won a Golden Globe Award and received a second Oscar nomination . Gosling 's band , Dead Man 's Bones , released their self-titled debut album and toured North America in 2009 . He is a co-owner of Tagine , a Moroccan restaurant in Beverly Hills , California . He is a supporter of PETA , Invisible Children and the Enough Project and has traveled to Chad , Uganda and eastern Congo to raise awareness about conflicts in the regions .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "192676538f9350c2f33470ea6ce65fab", "text": "Husbands (TV series) Husbands is an American web series written and created by Brad Bell and Jane Espenson , which premiered September 13 , 2011 , via super syndication on streaming platforms such as Blip , YouTube and Roku . The series stars Brad Bell and Sean Hemeon as a newly married couple . Billed as the world 's first marriage equality comedy , Husbands is a modern look on the classic premise of the newlywed sitcom . The second season premiered August 15 , 2012 . After producing two seasons independently , it was announced that CW Seed had made a six-episode order for a third season of Husbands , which aired on August 15 , 2013 . No forthcoming seasons have since been announced .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8971a05b693428f5582e2a84deac2aa", "text": "The Husband The Husband is a novel by the best-selling author Dean Koontz , released in 2006 . Focus Features , in conjunction with Random House Films , has announced that a film adaptation has been greenlit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96b5354676eb592e7a653d18ecec8a66", "text": "Spouse for House Spouse for House is a television situation comedy on Mediacorp Channel 5 about a couple after their marriage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80885738b12e0b38e67ffbb79bfdc72a", "text": "Wedding (TV series) Wedding is an 18-episode South Korean television drama that aired on KBS2 in 2005 . The series explores the relationship of a newly wed couple , showing how two people , who met and married through an arranged matchmaking , slowly develop a relationship and learn what it means to be married . Some of the issues explored include what is the most important thing in a marriage , trust and honesty between a couple , how past relationships affect present , and the role of family in a relationship . Unlike other dramas written by Oh Soo-yeon , which focused on people falling in love by fate or destiny , this one is about two people with very different personalities , values , and backgrounds , and seeing how they learn to love one another despite all of their differences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f6a919c99d31844dc5779bd0fa77ea2", "text": "Janeane from Des Moines Janeane from Des Moines is a 2012 American political drama film directed by Grace Lee , written by Lee and Jane Edith Wilson , and starring Wilson as a conservative housewife who attends the 2012 Republican Party primary in Iowa . It mixes elements of mockumentary and real-life interviews with Republican politicians conducted in-character without their knowledge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5", "text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "227d4962d2e0ae9d6ff89120fdb2bf8d", "text": "Un novio para mi mujer Un novio para mi mujer ( A boyfriend for my wife ) is a blockbuster 2008 Argentine romantic comedy film directed by Juan Taratuto and starring Adrián Suar , Valeria Bertuccelli and Gabriel Goity . The plot is about Diego ( Suar ) , a timid husband who hires `` Cuervo '' Flores ( Goity ) , a professional Casanova to seduce `` Tana '' ( Bertuccelli ) his fearsome wife , hoping this will make her divorce him . It was the highest grossing Argentine film in 2008 . In 2009 , Warner Bros. bought the rights of the film . A South Korean remake directed by Min Kyu-dong , All About My Wife , was released in 2012 . Pantelion Films released a Mexican remake called Busco novio para mi mujer in 2016 . An Italian remake was also released , called `` Un fidanzato per mia mollie '' , in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab5fe3de66e29b040c935a3088f0243b", "text": "A Good Marriage (film) A Good Marriage is a 2014 American psychological thriller film based on the novella of the same name by Stephen King , from the 2010 collection Full Dark , No Stars . It stars Joan Allen , Anthony LaPaglia , Kristen Connolly and Stephen Lang . It was released on October 3 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e910851d910b6545a85b8c36f872d43", "text": "Relationship Dilemma Relationship Dilemma is a 2015 Chinese romance film directed by Yang Xiaoxin . It was released on May 8 , 2015 in China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b03aa8a984371c478a228e260737c5c", "text": "Gorse Trilogy The Gorse Trilogy is a series of three novels , the last published works of the author Patrick Hamilton . The stories follow the anti-hero Ernest Ralph Gorse , whose heartlessness and lack of scruple are matched only by the inventiveness and panache with which he swindles his victims . He is thought to have been based on the real-life con-man and murderer Neville George Heath , executed in 1946 . Gorse insinuates himself into the lives of his victims with his good looks and easy confidence , and always with a good story . His victims are women , and he flatters his way into their affections until he is in a position to turn things to his advantage . Graham Greene called The West Pier `` the best book written about Brighton '' , while L.P. Hartley said , `` The entertainment value of this brilliantly told story could hardly be higher . '' Writing for The Independent , critic D. J. Taylor called Unknown Assailant `` an inferior work '' while The Guardian called it `` drink-soaked . '' An adaptation of Mr Stimpson and Mr Gorse was produced by ITV in 1987 ( called The Charmer and starring Nigel Havers ) . The West Pier ( 1952 ) Mr. Stimpson and Mr. Gorse ( 1953 ) Unknown Assailant ( 1955 ) Gorse also appears as a secondary villain in the novel Johnny Alucard by Kim Newman .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d2202ca0f564512fb329ff5f7d7e827", "text": "The Perfect Wedding The Perfect Wedding is an independent film co-created by New York Times Bestselling Author Suzanne Brockmann , Edgar Award Finalist Ed Gaffney , and Off-Broadway actor Jason T. Gaffney . In 2013 , it won the Bud Abbott Award for Feature Length Comedy at the Garden State Film Festival . It was filmed in 2011 and released on VOD/Streaming and DVD from distributor Wolfe Releasing in 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f30702c84b2a8b9758f1bc016f483f0c", "text": "Christopher Ryan (author) Christopher Ryan is an American author best known for co-authoring the book Sex at Dawn . He received a B.A. in English and American literature in 1984 and an M.A. and Ph.D. in psychology from Saybrook University , an accredited hybrid low-residency/online learning program based in San Francisco twenty years later . His masters thesis examined difference in specific personality measures between working fashion models and the general public . His doctoral dissertation analyzed the prehistoric roots of human sexuality , and was guided by the psychologist , Stanley Krippner , a humanistic psychologist , with additional committee members Sabrina Zirkel and Jürgen W. Kremer . Ryan gave a TED talk in February 2013 , contributes to Psychology Today and has an interview podcast called Tangentially Speaking with Dr. Christopher Ryan . He is married to his sometime collaborator and co-author of Sex at Dawn , Cacilda Jethá .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b07af07ce20b95a136b0f7a080d719e", "text": "Say Anything... Say Anything ... is a 1989 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by Cameron Crowe in his directorial debut . The film follows the romance between Lloyd Dobler ( John Cusack ) , an average student , and Diane Court ( Ione Skye ) , the valedictorian , immediately after their graduation from high school . In 2002 , Entertainment Weekly ranked Say Anything ... as the greatest modern movie romance , and it was ranked number 11 on Entertainment Weekly list of the 50 best high-school movies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d4d67550f96b4879c2db2c62679417b", "text": "Sam Golzari Sam Golzari ( سام گلزاری born 12 July 1979 ) is a British actor of Iranian descent active in the United States . He is known for his debut role in American Dreamz . Golzari was born in Hammersmith , London , England , to parents of Persian origin . He received his BA from UCLA in 2003 , where he worked in the Conservatory Acting Program . Golzari got his start at the age of four as a Michael Jackson impersonator . Besides his work at UCLA , Golzari has also been a lab member of the Latino Theater Company under Jose Luis Valenzuela . Golzari 's plans were to stay in the theater , but while at college he started working on student films . It was there that he began to find a love for the craft of filmmaking . His short film The Break won an award for the `` best ensemble cast '' at the Method Fest film festival . After this , he got his TV debut when the Showtime network aired his film The Invisible Man , directed by UCLA film student Angela Mrema . After college graduation , Golzari landed the first Hollywood film for which he auditioned , American Dreamz . In the film he stars alongside Hugh Grant , Mandy Moore and Dennis Quaid . Since that film , he plays the role of Kameron in the film 21 alongside Jim Sturgess and Kevin Spacey . He has also worked with Tony Shalhoub on the film AmericanEast , as well as an all-improv mockumentary , Juan Francis : Live , produced by Norman Lear . Golzari is also a founding member of the LA-based band the Elevaters , who have released a self-titled EP as well as a full-length album entitled `` Rising . '' He has also appeared in 2016 American film , Jimmy Vestvood : Amerikan Hero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76ffc990bf4494a56d8d210d60b402b8", "text": "Jerked Jerked , also known as May the Best Man Win , is an American comedy film directed by Andrew O'Connor and co-written with Lee Hupfield and Matthew Robinson . The film stars Whitmer Thomas , Drew Tarver , Rosa Salazar , Budd Diaz and Ryan Grassmeyer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06e265863ef32115510b7449e646812b", "text": "Love Story (1970 film) Love Story is a 1970 American romantic drama film written by Erich Segal , who was also the author of the best-selling novel of the same name . It was produced by Howard G. Minskyand directed by Arthur Hiller and starred Ali MacGraw and Ryan O'Neal , alongside John Marley , Ray Milland , and Tommy Lee Jones in his film debut in a minor role . A tragedy , the film is considered one of the most romantic by the American Film Institute ( # 9 on the list ) and is # 37 in the list of highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States . It was followed by a sequel , Oliver 's Story ( 1978 ) , starring O'Neal with Candice Bergen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aee0bc4e017f6b8d575fe9e1988be302", "text": "Irreconcilable Differences Irreconcilable Differences is a 1984 American comedy-drama film starring Ryan O'Neal , Shelley Long , and Drew Barrymore . The film was a minor box office success , making over $ 12 million . For their performances , both Long and Barrymore were nominated for Golden Globe Awards .", "title": "" } ]
fever
1a32503c8fe3e8e7281bb9eb042ccaf1
Gone with the Wind is a book.
[ { "docid": "f927ebc591c3a06ed6547fd54d88249d", "text": "Gone with the Wind (film) Gone with the Wind is a 1939 American epic historical romance film adapted from Margaret Mitchell 's 1936 novel Gone with the Wind . It was produced by David O. Selznick of Selznick International Pictures and directed by Victor Fleming . Set in the American South against the backdrop of the American Civil War and Reconstruction era , the film tells the story of Scarlett O'Hara , the strong-willed daughter of a Georgia plantation owner , from her romantic pursuit of Ashley Wilkes , who is married to his cousin , Melanie Hamilton , to her marriage to Rhett Butler . The leading roles are portrayed by Vivien Leigh ( Scarlett ) , Clark Gable ( Rhett ) , Leslie Howard ( Ashley ) , and Olivia de Havilland ( Melanie ) . Production was difficult from the start . Filming was delayed for two years due to Selznick 's determination to secure Gable for the role of Rhett Butler , and the `` search for Scarlett '' led to 1,400 women being interviewed for the part . The original screenplay was written by Sidney Howard , but underwent many revisions by several writers in an attempt to get it down to a suitable length . The original director , George Cukor , was fired shortly after filming had begun and was replaced by Fleming , who in turn was briefly replaced by Sam Wood while Fleming took some time off due to exhaustion . The film received positive reviews upon its release in December 1939 , although some reviewers found it dramatically lacking and bloated . The casting was widely praised and many reviewers found Leigh especially suited to her role as Scarlett . At the 12th Academy Awards , it received ten Academy Awards ( eight competitive , two honorary ) from thirteen nominations , including wins for Best Picture , Best Director ( Fleming ) , Best Adapted Screenplay ( posthumously awarded to Sidney Howard ) , Best Actress ( Leigh ) , and Best Supporting Actress ( Hattie McDaniel , becoming the first African-American to win an Academy Award ) . It set records for the total number of wins and nominations at the time . The film was immensely popular , becoming the highest-earning film made up to that point , and retained the record for over a quarter of a century . When adjusted for monetary inflation , it is still the most successful film in box-office history . Gone with the Wind has been criticized as historical revisionism glorifying slavery , but nevertheless , it has been credited for triggering changes to the way African-Americans are depicted cinematically . It was re-released periodically throughout the 20th century and became ingrained in popular culture . The film is regarded as one of the greatest films of all time ; it has placed in the top ten of the American Film Institute 's list of top 100 American films since the list 's inception in 1998 , and in 1989 , the United States Library of Congress selected it for preservation in the National Film Registry .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5cbde5c12bb2a17592654f9a3e6b432f", "text": "Isle of Canes Isle of Canes ( ISBN 1-59331-306-3 ) , a novel by Elizabeth Shown Mills , follows an African family from its importation and enslavement in 1735 through four generations of freedom in Creole Louisiana to its re-subjugation by Jim Crow at the close of the nineteenth century . Mills explores the family 's `` struggle to find a place in -LSB- a -RSB- tightly defined world of black and white '' -- a world made more complex by the larger struggle of Louisiana 's native ancien regime to preserve its culture amid the Anglo-Protestant `` invasion '' that followed the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and the resulting battle for political and social hegemony . Isle 's central theme is the ambiguous lives of those who escaped colonial slavery only to find they could not survive as free without complicity in the slave regime . The novel 's subject-family is one that has been both romanticized and excoriated by journalists , academics , descendants , and current websites over the past half-century . Isle 's interpretation of their controversial role is based heavily on the author 's original research across three decades in the archives of six nations , and actual documents are interspersed throughout the novel . The author 's research began in 1972 when she was employed by a preservation society to document the history of one Isle landmark , Melrose Plantation . Critical assessments of Isle of Canes focus on its upturning of stereotypes . Contemporary Lit describes the focus as `` Gone with the Wind from a vastly different , more important perspective ... not that of the plantation owner or the poor white ... but homme de couleur libre and slave ... capturing the agonizing decisions which tore families and communities apart . '' Historical Novels Review similarly observes , `` The Metoyers , a historical family both black and white and yet neither , challenge all perceptions of racial boundaries . You may never look at American History the same way again . '' The Isle community is also the focus in Lalita Tademy 's Oprah Book Club pick , Cane River . Mills 's Isle explores the colonial roots of the community and the experience of slaves who achieved freedom prior to the onset of Louisiana 's Creole-Anglo conflict . Tademy 's story , whose earliest slave generations are based upon research by Mills and her daughter , portrays the mid-nineteenth -- and early-twentieth-century experiences of the community 's slave families who envied , respected , and resented the free status of the Isle 's Creoles de couleur libre -- some of whose blood they shared . A third , much older novel , Lyle Saxon 's Children of Strangers , depicts the state of servitude into which the Islanders were subjected by the early twentieth-century . Saxon 's era was one in which the chatelaine of the family 's last remaining manor house ( Melrose Plantation , a National Historic Landmark since 1976 ) was an Anglo patroness of the arts , who encouraged Saxon to visit and `` observe '' the community first hand . Saxon 's portrayal captures the mindset of that era 's white population , who vacillated between economic exploitation of the Islanders , sexual attraction to their women , and a paternalistic view of the multiracial Creoles as `` simple people , but our people . '' Historians struggle to understand the complexities of the Peculiar Institution -- particularly the motivation that compelled a significant number of freed American slaves to purchase other humans once free to do so . Edward P. Jones lays out one psychological path in The Known World creating a fictional anti-hero , the Black Virginian Henry Townsend , who is consumed by his self-centered ambition . Isle of Canes reconstructs the world of an actual family to define a radically different but equally uncomfortable trajectory by which more than a few ex-slaves survived a status many historians consider `` neither slave nor free . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fef8285bd567ed512fad7ccc6b909a7", "text": "Went with the Wind! `` Went with the Wind ! '' is a comedy sketch featured on the eighth episode of the tenth season of The Carol Burnett Show . It originally aired in the United States on CBS on November 13 , 1976 and is a parody of the 1939 American historical drama film Gone with the Wind . The sketch was written by two young writers , Rick Hawkins and Liz Sage . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the sketch # 53 on its list of `` Top 100 Episodes of All Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "facee9ec748a6d119c7df62e7a4abdae", "text": "Windfall (Joe Pug album) Windfall is Joe Pug 's third album . The album met positive reviews , with Paste Magazine rating it 7.6 / 10 , adding : `` In lesser hands , songs of this nature could take on the tone of self-help books , maxims of dubious value . But Pug 's honesty and wordplay combine to levitate the songs over those empty , clichéd realms . And the straightforward , balanced arrangements of acoustic and electric guitars and upright bass , with occasional piano , harmonica and drums , drive the focus to Pug 's vocals . '' The Lexington Herald-Leader praised the album 's two-band approach as presenting an `` elegiac , electric vitality '' to the `` unhurried solemnity '' of the songs . Windfall '' 's hopeful final track -- `` If Still It Ca n't Be Found , '' which featured Wilco 's Pat Sansone on mellotron -- received particular acclaim , with a Rolling Stone review noting that `` it showcases the singer 's unique and achingly honest point of view that spins lyrics into folk poetry . '' For this album , Pug cites more contemporary influences than previous albums , including Josh Ritter , Ryan Adams , and M. Ward . However , Pug 's trademark literary influences are still present : the chorus of `` The Measure , '' which repeats , `` all we 've lost is nothing to what we 've found '' is inspired by a quote by Frederick Buechner 's novel Godric '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efbcf7ee62f57918e893fddfe8f90273", "text": "The Hurricane (novel) The Hurricane is a 1936 novel by Charles Nordhoff and James Norman Hall about a Pacific Ocean hurricane . It was adapted into two films , The Hurricane ( 1937 ) , directed by John Ford , and Hurricane ( 1979 ) , by Swedish director Jan Troell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea9dd25394ac99c2c5eb4eb04df277a2", "text": "Access Books Access Books is a nonprofit volunteer organization that gives books to disadvantaged children 's libraries in Southern California . These are primarily public and charter school libraries in the inner city , where over 90 % of the population lives in poverty and books are generally scarce . As one study showed , children in Beverly Hills have ready access to as many as 400 times more books than children living in the Compton and Watts areas of South Los Angeles . Underfunded libraries also tend to be in worse physical condition and less user-friendly than their affluent counterparts . Rebecca Constantino founded Access Books in 1999 while doing graduate research on the roles of school and community libraries in Los Angeles . Working with a school in Brentwood , she discovered a plan to throw away hundreds of books to make way for new ones . She salvaged the rejected books and donated them to a public school in Compton . The library at this elementary school had been closed for so long that `` the door was locked and no one knew where the keys had gone . '' This was the start of Access Books . As Constantino said , `` If you take away poverty as a predictor , the state of the school library is the best indicator of literacy , reading achievement , success in school . I ca n't possibly take away poverty ... . But I can do something about the libraries in our children 's schools . '' So far , Access Books has given more than 1.3 million new and used books to over 200 libraries and community centers in Southern California . Primarily intended to encourage reading for pleasure , these books include popular fiction , early picture and chapter books , biographies , classics , and young adult novels . The emphasis on pleasure reading is intended to encourage children to become motivated readers ; to help provide them with a foundation for all reading , including academic reading . Access Books acquires new books via donations from publishers and distributors or buying them at a discount with grants from charities , businesses , or wealthy individuals . Recipient libraries may request specific titles that are of particular interest to their communities . Used books mostly come from individual donations and book drives by ad hoc groups or local organizations such as middle-class suburban and private schools . Access Books encourages partnerships between schools that have resources and those needing them , as with a book drive led by two students at Oaks Christian School , a private school in Westlake Village . This drive yielded over 11,000 books for new charter schools in North Hollywood and downtown L.A. Access Books delivers and helps process the thousands of books that go to each library . At Saturday library events scheduled during the school year , volunteers from Access Books and the donating and receiving schools together sort , label , and shelve the books . This reduces overhead and speeds up the availability of the books for use . To further improve the libraries , volunteers also paint colorful literacy-themed murals and install items such as comfortable furniture and rugs for reading . The Saturday events expedite this work and facilitate contact between diverse communities . Access Books fundraisers and community outreach events have included book signings with authors Jamie Lee Curtis , Cornelia Funke , and Jeff Kinney as well as conferences for young writers and illustrators . The conferences , held at venues such as the Milken Community High School and UCLA , have included keynote speakers and workshops led by professional writers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d583cab8c84a75f13be158d909843eea", "text": "Crying Wind Linda Davison Stafford , also known as Crying Wind , April Knight , and Gwendlelynn Lovequist is the author of several novels including Crying Wind and My Searching Heart which describe the experiences of a young Native American girl named `` Crying Wind '' , and tell a story of Christian conversion . Under the pseudonym Gwendlelynn Lovequist , she has written many love stories and romances , for publications such as Writer 's Digest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5762bb52953facb7a392912acf04aa0d", "text": "Let the Wind Blow `` Let the Wind Blow '' is a song written by Brian Wilson and Mike Love for American rock band the Beach Boys . It was released in 1967 as the ninth track on their thirteenth studio album Wild Honey . The song is a ballad with lyrics that metaphorically relate nature to the essence of love . It is the first composition recorded by the group that is in 3/4 time from beginning to end .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf15e9acd1c190fea7bbee03f1d764a", "text": "With Lee in Virginia, A Story of the American Civil War With Lee in Virginia , A Story of the American Civil War ( 1890 ) is a book by British author G.A. Henty . It was published by Blackie and Son Ltd , London . Henty 's character , Vincent Wingfield , fights for the Confederate States of America , even though he is against slavery . As suggested by the title , he is primarily with the Army of Northern Virginia . Henty 's novel has been cited by some literary historians as an example of British right-wingers ' sympathy for the Confederate cause ; discussing With Lee in Virginia , Jeffrey Richards cites the book as `` significantly pro-Southern '' . Henty defends slavery throughout the novel , stating although slavery was capable of `` abominable '' cruelty under brutal masters , '' . . taken all in all , the negroes on a well-ordered estate , under kind masters , were probably a happier class of people than the laborers upon any estate in Europe . '' At the novel 's end , Henty has the Wingfield family 's former slaves return and continue working for their former owners : The negroes , however , for the most part remained steadily working on the estate . A few wandered away , but their places were easily filled ; for the majority of the freed slaves very soon discovered that their lot was a far harder one than it had been before , and that freedom so suddenly given was a curse rather than a blessing to them . Richards cites the novel as an example of Henty 's belief in the `` incapacity '' of blacks and notes that With Lee In Virginia argues that `` a system of slavery is acceptable so long as the slave owners treat their slaves decently and humanely '' . Nathaniel Cadle claims With Lee in Virginia 's plot works to `` romanticize and oversimplify the relationship between white Confederate slave owners and their black chattel . '' The book has been lauded by the right-wing , Neo-Confederate magazine Southern Partisan , who described With Lee in Virginia as `` the sort of book Southern Partisan readers ought to pass on to their own sons . The politics of sectional conflict are n't oversimplified , but the bias is one Southern Partisan readers are likely to applaud '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f16693ca062970dde87348abd4d61a8b", "text": "Only the Wind (song) `` Only the Wind '' is a song written by Tom Shapiro and Chuck Jones , and recorded by American country music artist Billy Dean . It was released in December 1991 as the second single from his album Billy Dean . The song spent twenty weeks on the Hot Country Songs charts in 1992 , peaking at number four . The song uses an analogy of a common childhood fear of a windstorm to frame a young man 's failing relationship with a woman . Here , the protagonist recalls being comforted by his mother as a gusting , howling wind smacks the screen door and causes him to be frightened . The scene then shifts to the present , where he reveals his relationship difficulties and a fight that causes the woman to leave . Upon hearing the screen door slam shut , he remembers his childhood and wishes aloud that her leaving is just temporary ( `` It 's only the wind , and nothing more/not the end of my world , walking out the door '' ) , knowing that in this case , he has no one to comfort him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2d34da205098506390bd3945b0b9bc3", "text": "Brickfielder The Brickfielder is a hot and dry wind in the desert of Southern Australia that occurs in the summer season . It blows in the coastal regions of the south from the outback , where the sandy wastes , bare of vegetation in summer , are intensely heated by the sun . This hot wind blows strongly , often for several days at a time , defying all attempts to keep the dust down , and parching all vegetation . It is in one sense a healthy wind , as , being exceedingly dry and hot , it destroys many injurious germs . The northern brickfielder is almost invariably followed by a strong `` southerly buster , '' cloudy and cool from the ocean . The two winds are due to the same cause , viz . a cyclonic system over the Australian Bight . These systems frequently extend inland as a narrow V-shaped depression ( the apex northward ) , bringing the winds from the north on their eastern sides and from the south on their western . Hence as the narrow system passes eastward the wind suddenly changes from north to south , and the thermometer has been known to fall 15 F in twenty minutes . The brickfielder precedes the passage of a frontal zone of a low pressure system passing by , and causes severe dust storms that often last for days and led to its naming as the winds blow up red brick dust . A more frequently used term for the winds is a `` burster '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c3349dc89e570ead10255eddc5310b5", "text": "The Wind (Warren Zevon album) The Wind is the twelfth and final studio album by American singer/songwriter Warren Zevon . The album was released on August 26 , 2003 , by Artemis Records . Zevon began recording the album shortly after he was diagnosed with inoperable pleural mesothelioma ( a cancer of the lining of the lung ) , and it was released just two weeks before his death on September 7 , 2003 . The album was awarded the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Folk Album . `` Disorder in the House '' , performed by Zevon and Bruce Springsteen , won Best Rock Vocal Performance ( Group or Duo ) . Songs from the album were nominated for an additional three Grammys .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d133c226f8aea0083555201cad2cf638", "text": "Hill & Wang Hill & Wang is an American book publishing company focused on American history , world history , and politics . It is a division of Farrar , Straus and Giroux . Hill & Wang was founded as an independent publishing house in 1956 by Arthur Wang ( 1917/18 -- 2005 ) and Lawrence Hill , who were both working at A. A. Wyn . They bought backlist books from Wyn and started Dramabooks , publishing plays in trade paperback , then a new format . The series included Jean Cocteau , Arthur L. Kopit and Lanford Wilson . In 1959 , Arthur Wang acquired Elie Wiesel 's Holocaust memoir , Night , which had been turned down by several English-language publishers , publishing it in 1960 . They continued to build the Hill & Wang list to include such authors as Roland Barthes , Langston Hughes , and American historians Stanley Kutler and William Cronon . In 1971 , the two sold Hill & Wang to Farrar , Straus and Giroux , and the imprint continues to be recognized for its high quality nonfiction . More recently , it has published authors such as Cass Sunstein , Philip Gura , John Allen Paulos , Melvyn Leffler , Thomas Bender , William Poundstone , Woody Holton , and Eric Rauchway . The imprint also launched a graphic line , `` Novel Graphics , '' when it published a graphic adaptation of the 9/11 Commission Report by Sid Jacobson and Ernie Colón . It has since published several graphic biographies and works of graphic journalism , and a graphic adaptation of the United States Constitution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f", "text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0934fef76e91c7e4fddb636ed400324a", "text": "Reinventing Fire Reinventing Fire : Bold Business Solutions for the New Energy Era is a 2011 book , by Amory B. Lovins and the Rocky Mountain Institute , that explores converting the United States to almost total reliance on renewable energy sources , such as solar energy and wind power . Lovins says that renewable energy is already cheaper than fossil fuels and his analysis predicts further reductions in renewable energy prices . Reinventing Fire was launched at the Washington National Geographic Society , in October 2011 . Bill Clinton says the book is a `` wise , detailed and comprehensive blueprint . '' The book has forewords by Marvin Odum , from Shell Oil , and John W. Rowe , CEO of Exelon . The first paragraph of the preface says : Imagine fuel without fear . No climate change . No oil spills , dead coal miners , dirty air , devastated lands , lost wildlife . No energy poverty . No oil-fed wars , tyrannies , or terrorists . Nothing to run out . Nothing to cut off . Nothing to worry about . Just energy abundance , benign and affordable , for all , for ever . Fen Montaigne in The Guardian has said that the book is impressive in both its scope and detail : Lovins discusses everything from how to redesign heavy trucks to make them more fuel efficient to ways to change factory pipes to conserve energy -- the book lays out a plan for the U.S. to achieve the following by 2050 : cars completely powered by hydrogen fuel cells , electricity , and biofuels ; 84 percent of trucks and airplanes running on biomass fuels ; 80 percent of the nation 's electricity produced by renewable power ; $ 5 trillion in savings ; and an economy that has grown by 158 percent . By combining reduced energy use with energy efficiency gains , Lovins says that there will be a $ 5 trillion saving over the next 40 years and a faster-growing economy . This can all be done , the book jacket says , without `` new federal taxes , subsidies , mandates , or laws . The policy innovations needed to unlock and speed it need no act of Congress . '' The profitable commercialization of existing energy-saving technologies , through market forces , can be led by business .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f70237c60686e9c441b62df5d604d09f", "text": "Earth, Wind & Fire Earth , Wind & Fire ( EWF ) is an American band that has spanned the musical genres of R&B , soul , funk , jazz , disco , pop , rock , Latin and African . They are one of the most successful bands of all time . Rolling Stone Magazine described them as `` innovative , precise yet sensual , calculated yet galvanizing '' and declared that the band `` changed the sound of black pop '' . The band was founded in Chicago by Maurice White in 1970 , having grown out of a previous band known as The Salty Peppers . Other members have included Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Ralph Johnson , Larry Dunn , Al McKay and Andrew Woolfolk . The band has received 20 Grammy nominations ; they won six as a group and two of its members , Maurice White and Bailey , won separate individual awards . Earth , Wind & Fire have 12 American Music Awards nominations and four awards . They have been inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame , received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and have sold over 100 million records , making them one of the world 's best-selling bands of all time . Five members of Earth , Wind & Fire were also inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame : Maurice White , Philip Bailey , Verdine White , Larry Dunn and Al McKay . The music industry and fans have bestowed Lifetime Achievement honors from the American Society of Composers , Authors and Publishers ( Rhythm & Soul Heritage Award -- 2002 ) , NAACP ( Hall of Fame -- 1994 ) and the BET Awards ( Lifetime Achievement Award -- 2002 ) . Earth , Wind & Fire is known for the dynamic sound of their horn section , their energetic and elaborate stage shows , and the interplay between the contrasting vocals of Philip Bailey 's falsetto and Maurice White 's tenor . The kalimba ( African thumb piano ) is played on all of the band 's albums . In the 1970s and early 1980s , the band had many hits , including `` Shining Star '' , `` That 's the Way of the World '' , `` Devotion '' , `` Reasons '' , `` Sing a Song '' , `` Ca n't Hide Love '' , `` Getaway '' , `` Fantasy '' , `` Love 's Holiday '' , `` September '' , `` Boogie Wonderland '' , `` After the Love Has Gone '' , and `` Let 's Groove '' . Two Earth , Wind & Fire classic songs have been inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame : `` That 's the Way of the World '' ( 2004 ) and `` Shining Star '' ( 2007 ) . The band is also known as having been the first African-American act to sell out Madison Square Garden and to receive the MSG Gold Ticket Award . President Barack Obama invited Earth , Wind & Fire to perform at the White House for the first social event of the new administration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1ff8f63d086161e67b118fd2c82b5ee", "text": "They Call the Wind Maria `` They Call the Wind Maria '' is an American popular song with lyrics written by Alan J. Lerner and music by Frederick Loewe for their 1951 Broadway musical , Paint Your Wagon , which is set in the California Gold Rush . Rufus Smith originally sang the song on Broadway , and Joseph Leader was the original singer in London 's West End . It quickly became a `` runaway hit '' , and during the Korean War , the song was among the `` popular music listened to by the troops '' . Vaughan Monroe and his Orchestra recorded the song in 1951 , and it was among the `` popular hit singles at the record stores '' that year . It has since become a standard , performed by many notable singers across several genres of popular music . A striking feature of the song in the original orchestration ( also used in many cover versions ) , is a driving , staccato rhythm , played on the string instruments , that evokes a sense of restless motion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95b6b2571f0eb3562c4af0c9a56ceb95", "text": "At the Back of the North Wind At the Back of the North Wind is a children 's book written by Scottish author George MacDonald . It was serialized in the children 's magazine Good Words for the Young beginning in 1868 and was published in book form in 1871 . It is a fantasy centered on a boy named Diamond and his adventures with the North Wind . Diamond travels together with the mysterious Lady North Wind through the nights . The book includes the fairy tale Little Daylight , which has been pulled out as an independent work , or separately , added to other collections of his fairy tales .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed9e555963031c0591d2a6c85a977c", "text": "The Wind (1928 film) The Wind is a 1928 American silent romantic drama film directed by Victor Sjöström . The movie was adapted by Frances Marion from the novel of the same name written by Dorothy Scarborough . It features Lillian Gish , Lars Hanson and Montagu Love . It was one of the last silent films released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , and is considered one of the greatest silent films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26cdb1dc6d2b734eedd49a736b822073", "text": "Autant en emporte le vent Autant en emporte le vent is a French musical adaptation of the novel Gone with the Wind produced by Dove Attia and Albert Cohen in 2003 , with music and lyrics by Gérard Presgurvic and staging and choreograohy by Kamel Ouali . The debut performance was at Palais des Sports de Paris on 30 September 2003 . After three months daily performances in Paris , the show moved to tour other major cities in France , Belgium and Switzerland . The final show was in Nîmes arena on 11 July 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "372cfb466466010a31e9c3fac97a585a", "text": "Due to Lack of Interest, Tomorrow Has Been Canceled Due to Lack of Interest , Tomorrow Has Been Canceled is a 1969 book by Irene Kampen , an account of her return to school at the University of Wisconsin -- Madison after 25 years , and how she learned to adapt to the student culture of the late 1960s . While it is listed as non-fiction , Kampen included fictionalized students and other characters in the book . The expression is also the title of the last track of the 1968 jazz record `` America the Beautiful '' by arranger Gary McFarland , and is a line in the Kaiser Chiefs song `` Ruby '' . It was also used as the title of a 1971 BBC Horizon documentary on predictions of ecological disaster , focusing on the work of Paul Ehrlich . The book is also referenced in the film The Last of England ( 1987 ) , directed and written by Derek Jarman .", "title": "" } ]
fever
38be93e032280177cdd1b75cf6a6f770
Juana la virgen is a telenovela from Venezuela.
[ { "docid": "42ec50783097034c2befcc48913712e4", "text": "RCTV Radio Caracas Televisión Internacional ( RCTV Internacional ) is a Venezuelan cable television network headquartered in the Caracas neighborhood of Quinta Crespo . It was sometimes referred to as the Canal de Bárcenas . Owned by Empresas 1BC , RCTV Internacional was inaugurated as Radio Caracas Televisión ( RCTV ) on 15 November 1953 by William H. Phelps , Jr. . Its radio counterpart was Radio Caracas Radio . On 27 May 2007 , RCTV made headlines when the Government of Venezuela decided not to renew their radio broadcast concession for what it said was the station 's role in the 2002 coup which briefly overthrew Venezuela 's democratically elected government . The Supreme Court of Justice ( Tribunal Supremo de Justicia or TSJ ) upheld the decision by the National Commission of Telecommunications ( CONATEL ) not to renew RCTV 's broadcast license . RCTV continued to broadcast via satellite and cable as RCTV International . In January 2010 RCTV was sanctioned with temporary closure for failing to respect Venezuelan media law . It rejected the Venezuelan media regulator 's finding that it was a domestic media provider . In 2010 , the Council on Foreign Relations described RCTV as `` the most important independent television station in Venezuela '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25573700d908ca2b190d2ff68156475e", "text": "Juana la virgen Juana la Virgen ( English : Juana the Virgin ) is a 2002 Venezuelan telenovela written by Perla Farias and produced by RCTV . It was distributed worldwide by RCTV International . Daniela Alvarado and Ricardo Álamo star as the protagonists , while Roxana Diaz , Norkys Batista and Eduardo Serrano play the antagonists . In the United States a loose adaptation of the telenovela titled Jane the Virgin premiered on The CW . It is produced by Warner Bros. . Television and CBS Television Distribution .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ddff7476e12f89d5abebb3d4311e4e7a", "text": "Caridad Bravo Adams Caridad Bravo Adams ( -LSB- kaɾiˈðað ˈbɾaβo ˈaðams -RSB- ) ( born on January 14 , 1908 in Villahermosa , Tabasco -- August 13 , 1990 in Mexico City ) was a prolific Mexican writer and the most famous telenovela writer worldwide . She was born to a couple of Cuban actors and she was part of an extended family of artists , being the sister of Venezuelan actor Leon Bravo , one of the pioneers of theater , radio and TV in Venezuela . She published her first book at the age of 16 , titled Pétalos sueltos . She then moved back to Cuba with her parents , and later returned to Mexico , where she kept writing and obtained a role in her only film , Corazón bandolero ( 1934 ) . She became a chair member of the Ateneo Mexicano de Mujeres and later moved back to Cuba , where she wrote the radionovela Yo no creo en los hombres , which was adapted in Mexico for telenovelas in 1969 and 1988 . Upon the rise of Fidel Castro , she returned to Mexico , where she would remain the rest of her life . Back in Mexico , she wrote Corazón salvaje , a novel that has been adapted to the screen twice and as a telenovela four times ( including once as Juan del Diablo in Puerto Rico ) . She then wrote La intrusa , Bodas de odio and other novels that earned her important awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "284ef6b0b0afcf86ce4972052efa5c90", "text": "Juana Bacallao Juana Bacallao ( born May 26 , 1925 ) , also known as Juana la Cubana , is a Cuban singer and musician . She started her professional singing career under the aegis of Obdulio Morales , who composed the famous guaracha `` Juana Bacallao '' , which became her stage name . Throughout her career she has toured around the world and performed with such artists as Nat King Cole , Rita Montaner and Celeste Mendoza . She appeared in the September 2015 Cuba episode of the CNN series Anthony Bourdain : Parts Unknown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b2cc0ad791ac754c47bfe96644eec3a", "text": "Harina de otro costal Harina de Otro Costal ( Another Matter ) is a Venezuelan telenovela produced by and shown on Venevisión and Venevisión Continental in 2010 . This telenovela , written by Mónica Montañés is a free version of William Shakespeare 's Romeo and Juliet . Daniela Bascopé and Christian McGaffney star in the roles of Valentina and Victor respectively . Sabrina Seara and Adrián Delgado also appear . The telenovela was premiered on April 7 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec07d6e3215b5930189d0f998dc9f296", "text": "List of Los Rey episodes Los Rey ( It All Stays in the Family ) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Elisa Salinas for Azteca . It stars Leonardo Garcia , with Michel Brown and Rossana Najera as the protagonists , both dubbed as `` La pareja '' in the face card , alongside Juan Alfonso Baptista , Ana Belena , Fernando Alonso , Cecilia Ponce , Jose Alonso , Ofelia Medina , Fernando Lujan , Ariel Lopez Padilla , Victor Huggo Martin and Elizabeth Cervantes . Rafael Gutiérrez and Rodrigo Cachero serve as the directors . Los Rey is written by Luis Felipe Ybarra who is also the associate producer . From 3 September 2012 to 22 February 2013 , Azteca 13 broadcast Los Rey , replacing La Mujer de Judas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2f60bac1edc1bdb76726c7a1cc2d6e1", "text": "¡Vivan los niños! ¡ Vivan los niños ! ( English title : Long live the children ) is a Mexican telenovela ( Soap Opera ) produced by Nicandro Díaz González for Televisa in 2002 . It 's an adaptation of the 1983 Argentinean telenovela Señorita maestra ( based on the original version also 1974 Argentinean telenovela , Jacinta Pichimahuida ) . On 15 July 2002 , Canal de las Estrellas started broadcasting ¡ Vivan los niños ! weekdays at 6:00 pm , replacing Cómplices Al Rescate . The last episode was broadcast on 14 March 2003 with De pocas , pocas pulgas replacing it on March 17 . Telefutura ( now UniMás ) broadcast ¡ Vivan los niños ! weeknights from 31 March 2003 to 22 October 2003 at 6pm/5c . From 28 May 2005 to 28 May 2006 , Univision aired a re-run of ¡ Vivan los niños ! on Saturday and Sunday mornings at 8:30 am/7 :30 c. From 27 October 2008 to 5 June 2009 , Telefutura aired a re-run at 12pm/11c . From 3 March 2014 to 17 October 2014 UniMás aired another re-run at 7pm/6c . As of 2 May 2016 Galavision is airing a re-run weekdays at 4pm/3c . Andrea Legarreta and Eduardo Capetillo starred as protagonists , Daniela Aedo , Óscar Alberto López , Natalia Juárez , Christian Stanley , Andrés Márquez and Juan de Dios Martín starred as child protagonists , while Alejandra Procuna starred as main antagonist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b632b7be810976eaf00d2c3bd49e7d05", "text": "Las Bandidas Las Bandidas ( Bandidas ) is a 2013 Spanish-language telenovela that was produced by RTI Producciones and Televisa for México-based television network Canal de las Estrellas and Colombia-based television network RCN TV . It is a remake of Las Amazonas , a Venezuelan telenovela produced for Venevisión . Ana Lucía Domínguez and Marco Méndez will star as the protagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73accfdbe40c578f27d2a0ab845c0d74", "text": "Miss Venezuela 2000 Miss Venezuela 2000 , the 47th Miss Venezuela pageant , was held in Caracas , Venezuela , on September 8 , 2000 , after weeks of events . The winner of the pageant was Eva Ekvall , Miss Apure . The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas , Venezuela . At the conclusion of the final night of competition , outgoing titleholder Martina Thorogood crowned Eva Ekvall of Apure as the new Miss Venezuela .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bc0e6f8cd368d719f5c6cc652f9e7a8", "text": "Mundo de juguete Mundo de Juguete ( Toy World ) is a telenovela produced in Mexico by Televisa in 1974 . It is a remake of telenovela Papá Corazón ( Argentina , 1973 ) . This telenovela holds the record for having the second longest run ever for a Latin American telenovela , with a total of 605 episodes ( 1974 -- 1977 ) . Most telenovelas run for an average of six to eight months ; the shortest ones run about four months , and the longest up to a year . Many `` Mundo de Juguete '' fans believe that either all or some of the tapes and film from the telenovela were lost when Televisa collapsed during the 1985 earthquake . Televisa has been secretive regarding which tapes were lost during that earthquake , so there is no way of confirming this . However , such claims can be disputed , considering that the Telenovela has been repeated on television several times after 1985 . During the nineties , it was repeated on Mexico City Canal 9 ( now Galavision ) . For a period of time , it was also shown on Unicable ( a Televisa Networks cable channel ) or on Telenovelas ( a channel also belonging to Televisa Networks specializing on reruns of old telenovelas ) Televisa remade the telenovela in 2000 , and called it `` Carita de Angel '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94cf47bcddb3a0747f9f75a9d57cc8a6", "text": "Bermúdez (telenovela) Bermúdez is a 2009 Colombian telenovela produced and broadcast by Caracol TV . It was initially released as Todas odian a Bermúdez ( `` All women hate Bermúdez '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd2c1ea1d12bd310611fc8e5a0ef4463", "text": "Canal Sony (Latin America) Canal Sony ( `` Sony Channel '' , in both Spanish and Portuguese ; formerly called Sony Entertainment Television ) , is a general entertainment channel co-based in Perú , Chile , Venezuela , Brazil and Miami , Florida , United States . It airs in 26 countries in Latin America , and is owned by Sony Pictures Entertainment . In the region , it is distributed by HBO Latin America Group . It was the first pan-regional basic channel that offered programming in its original English language with subtitles and became an award-winning trend setting network . Canal Sony began transmission in August 1995 , as a basic cable television channel . Its first launch in Mexico was on Televisa 's Cablevision cable TV system in March 1996 followed by its launch in Brazil that same Spring . Unlike most national television networks in Latin America , which air all imported shows dubbed in Spanish or Portuguese , Sony started airing its programming with subtitles which led to its role as a regional leader . Canal Sony shows new or recent American comedy , drama and reality series such as Will & Grace , American Idol , 'Til Death , 30 Rock , Queer Eye for the Straight Guy , Falcon Beach , America 's Next Top Model , Scrubs , My Wife and Kids , Everybody Hates Chris , Medium , Ghost Whisperer , Saturday Night Live , Charmed , Whose Line Is It Anyway ? , Grey 's Anatomy , According to Jim , Desperate Housewives , That '70s Show , Ugly Betty , Big Day , Samantha Who ? and reruns or previous seasons of shows such as Seinfeld , Mad About You , Dawson 's Creek , Melrose Place , Beverly Hills , 90210 , Married ... with Children , The Nanny , My Wife and Kids and Frasier . Recently it has been broadcasting several hard comedy series , particularly from the UK such as Balls of Steel and Da Ali G Show . The channel 's biggest production so far is : Latin American Idol . The first season included 20 countries , with auditions in Caracas , Venezuela , Bogotá , Colombia , Mexico City and finishing in Buenos Aires , Argentina , the host country . The show did not include Brazil , because the country already has their own version on terrestrial television . The winner of the first season was Mayre Martinez from Venezuela , winning , amongst other prizes , a record deal , a car and a record contract . On June 12 , a redesign of the channel welcomed three new original productions by SET . Nada Que Ver was the first one , but it aired for a very short period of time , and was replaced with The IT Crowd due to unpopularity and criticism . Recently the first season of The IT Crowd finished and Nada Que Ver , returned to the programation of P.I ( Politically Incorrect , also named after the sound of a bleep in Spanish diction ) . FusionA2 ( Fused ) is a reality show in which two bands are brought together for two days to prepare and play a song together . And Ya es 1/2 Día en China ( It 's Noon in China ) A late night show in the format of NBC 's The Tonight Show with Jay Leno . The show is currently hosted by Luis Chataing . Canal Sony regularly cooperates with popular brands , like Sony Ericsson , or Sony 's competitors , like Philips , to present new products in their mini-show `` Los Huevos de Oro '' ( The Golden Eggs ) , which is shown during commercial breaks . SET also shows music videos , as occasional time-fillers . Another popular feature the channel has been known for is Si Se Lo Perdió ( in Portuguese , Vale o Bis ) , which means `` In Case You Missed It '' , a block that would re-air any new episodes of prime time shows that aired during the week on Sundays , convenient for those that missed the original airings during the week . Nada que Ver is not aired in Brazil and is not on air currently . Ugly Betty was aired in Mexico , starting April 2008 . Sony started airing movies in Tuesday 's prime time . Although the name of the slot refers to Hollywood-produced humor , the movies aired are all romantic comedies , such as Little Black Book , America 's Sweethearts , and My Best Friend 's Wedding . In December 2009 , this space was moved to Saturdays , until it was eventually dropped in 2010 , though a movie block will return to the Brazilian feed on Thursdays , starting in April 2011 , as Cine Sony . At the same time , this block returned to the other regional feeds in Spanish , but on Fridays , as EPH : Espacio Producido Hollywood ( `` Hollywood-Produced Space '' ) . The channel has aired original shows , such as Mexico 's Next Top Model and Brazil 's Next Top Model ( Both based in America 's Next Top Model , which airs on the channel ) . Other original Latin-American series that premiered on the channel are Los Simuladores and Los Caballeros las prefieren Brutas . In 2011 , the Sony Pictures channels in Brazil gained greater independence from the Spanish-language feeds , and as part of that , it was announced that CSI : Crime Scene Investigation would return to Canal Sony in Brazil , while in the rest of the region , that show remains on sister channel AXN . In October 2011 , CSI : Miami would make such channel switch in Brazil . CSI : NY remains seen on AXN in the entire region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cba5f7014acb08b00312f3ada88bbd16", "text": "Dulce Ilusión Dulce Ilusión ( English title : Sweet Illusion ) is a Venezuelan telenovela written by Mariela Romero and produced by Radio Caracas Televisión in 1993 . This was the first telenovela to use Venezuelan cartoons with real people , and it 's the only one in the history of Venezuelan soap operas , and the great success of the telenovela was partly due to the big innovation of the cartoons . The animated characters were developed by the legendary animator Felix Nakamura and his team . Coraima Torres and Gabriel Fernández starred as the main protagonists with the antagonistic participation of Marisela Berti .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7f02b3d4f061392fe12326ca60e19b0", "text": "La traición La Traición ( Betrayed ) is a Colombian-American telenovela co-produced by United States-based Telemundo and RTI Colombia . Telemundo debuted this serial on January 29 , 2008 , replacing Madre Luna . This show is also known as Betrayed . Traición is based on the Colombian novel El Caballero de Rauzán , written in 1887 by Felipe Pérez . RTI Colombia made another adaptation of the story in 2000 , titled Rauzán . As with most of its soap operas , Telemundo broadcast English subtitles as closed captions on CC3 . Filming in Bogotá , Colombia , began in late October , 2007 . BTV started to air this telenovela on August 26 , 2008 in Bulgaria . RTV Pink started to air this telenovela on January 26 , 2009 in Serbia . TV Puls will start to air this novela on August 31 , 2009 in Poland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d17b9e7f2fca7767ee62ad04ec7def1b", "text": "La familia La familia , ( English : The Family ) is a 1969 Mexican telenovela produced by Televisa and originally transmitted by Telesistema Mexicano .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba26358659075846294a4681c791c8c3", "text": "Volver a amar Volver a Amar ( English : Return to love ) was a 2014 Chilean telenovela produced and broadcast by TVN .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec00782d22fc8f0f7789a06de260b64", "text": "Llovizna (telenovela) Llovizna is a Venezuelan telenovela produced by RCTV in 1997 based on a story written by José Simón Escalona . Scarlet Ortiz and Luis Fernandez starred as the main protagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1d226652f5e3b1e5be600da73e34897", "text": "La cruz de Marisa Cruces La cruz de Marisa Cruces ( English title : The Cross of Marisa Cruces ) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Ernesto Alonso and transmitted by Teleprogramas Acapulco , SA in 1970 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2717d930e5173344761c98c360506d2", "text": "Villa Paraíso Villa Paraíso , is an American telenovela produced by Xfinity for Telemundo , which will begin airing from October 6 , 2014 , through Telemundo . Starring Ximena Duque and David Chocarro as the main protagonists , while Silvana Arias and Ricardo Chávez star as the main antagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a4b8404184da51be9125b090614c6ac", "text": "La fiera (1978 telenovela) La fiera is a Venezuelan telenovela written by Julio César Mármol and produced by Radio Caracas Television in 1978 . Doris Wells and José Bardina starred as the protagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52c276c9a8f576660d2bab60f44edc82", "text": "Lejana como el viento Lejana como el viento ( Distant like the wind ) is a Venezuelan telenovela produced by Laura Visconti Productions and broadcast on Venevisión in 2001 . The telenovela was written by Laura Visconti and stars Zair Montes and Ricardo Bianchi as the main protagonists while Henry Soto , Elluz Peraza and Arnaldo André star as the main antagonists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e14e1282c4b23edb6d7125906ad801b6", "text": "Miss Venezuela 1992 Miss Venezuela 1992 , the 39th Miss Venezuela pageant , was held in Caracas , Venezuela on September 8 , 1992 , after weeks of events . The winner of the pageant was Milka Chulina , Miss Aragua . The pageant was broadcast live on Venevision from the Poliedro de Caracas in Caracas , Venezuela . At the conclusion of the final night of competition , outgoing titleholder Carolina Izsak , crowned Milka Chulina of Aragua as the new Miss Venezuela .", "title": "" } ]
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