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",",
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"-",
"@",
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"##dha",
"##nar",
"##ish",
"##vara"
] | 700 |
, with their mystic regalia and mounts, are shown to the right of shiva ; vishnu, riding his mount garuda, is shown to the left of parvati. many other details are defaced but a kneeling figure in the front is inferred to be the king who ordered the image to be carved. there are many divinities and attendant females at the back. the whole setting is under the sky and cloud scenes, with men and women, all dressed, shown showering flowers on the deities. in the chamber to the east of the trimurti is the four @ - @ armed ardhanarishvara
| 2,112 |
[
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"nan",
"##di",
"’",
"s",
"left",
"horn",
",",
"shiva",
"'",
"s",
"mount"
] | 701 |
carving. this image, which is 5 @. @ 11 m ( 16 @. @ 8 ft ) in height, has a headdress ( double @ - @ folded ) with two pleats draped towards the female head ( parvati ) and the right side ( shiva ) depicting curled hair and a crescent. the female figure has all the ornamentation ( broad armlets and long bracelets, a large ring in the ear, jewelled rings on the fingers ) but the right male figure has drooping hair, armlets and wristlets. one of his hands rests on nandi ’ s left horn, shiva's mount
| 2,114 |
[
",",
"which",
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",",
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"##ful",
"form",
"of",
"shiva",
".",
"in",
"the",
"carved",
"panel",
"shiva"
] | 702 |
, which is fairly well preserved. the pair of hands at the back is also bejewelled ; the right hand of the male holds a serpent, while the left hand of the female holds a mirror. the front left hand is broken but conjectured as holding the robe of the goddess. the central figure is surrounded by divinities. = = = shiva slaying andhaka and wedding of shiva = = = the engraved panel in the north end of the aisle is considered to be a unique sculpture, and shows bhairava, or virabhadra, a frightful form of shiva. in the carved panel shiva
| 2,200 |
[
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".",
"the",
"smaller",
"broken",
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"and",
"##hak",
"##a",
"is"
] | 703 |
' s consort is seen sitting next to him, looking terrified. a female attendant is next to her. the central figure, which is much ruined below the waist, is 3 @. @ 5 m ( 11 ft ) high and posed as if running. his headgear has a ruff on the back, a skull and cobra over the forehead, and the crescent high on the right. his facial expression is of intense anger discerned from his furrowed brow, swollen eyes, and tusks. the legs and five of the eight arms are broken, attributed to portuguese vandalism. the smaller broken image andhaka is
| 1,434 |
[
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",",
"a",
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"figure",
"in",
"front",
",",
"a"
] | 704 |
seen below bhairava's image. it is interpreted that shiva is spearing him with the front right hand, as conjectured by the spear seen hanging without any hold. also seen is the back hand lifted up and holding an elephant's skin as a cover ; the elephant's head, carved tusk, and trunk are seen hanging from the left hand. the second left hand depicts a snake coiled round it. the hand holds a bowl to collect the blood dripping from the slain andhaka. furthermore, pieces of a male and two female forms, figures of two ascetics, a small figure in front, a
| 1,572 |
[
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".",
"the",
"carvings",
"are",
"substantially",
"damaged",
";"
] | 705 |
female figure, and two dwarfs are also seen in the carved panel. an unusual sculpture seen above the head of the main figure of shiva is of a " very wide bottle with a curved groove in the middle of it ", which can interpreted variously as : the aum or the linga or a shiva shrine. the niche image carved on the south wall is an ensemble of divinities assembled around the central figures of shiva and parvati shown getting married ( kalyanasundara icon ). parvati is seen standing to shiva's right, the ordained place for a hindu bride at the wedding. the carvings are substantially damaged ;
| 2,112 |
[
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".",
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"with",
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"expression",
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"on",
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".",
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"hands",
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",",
"it",
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"in",
"##fer",
"##red"
] | 706 |
only one of shiva's four hands is fully seen and the right leg is missing. shiva has a headdress with a shining disc attached to it. his garments are well @ - @ draped, and well @ - @ tied at the waist. the sacred thread is seen across his chest. parvati is carved as a perfect figure with coiffured hair dress, well adorned with jewellery and is draped tightly to display depressions below the waist only. she is seen with a coy expression and is led by her father who has his right hand on her shoulder. even though both her hands are damaged, it is inferred
| 287 |
[
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"her",
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"hand",
"clasped",
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"'",
"s",
"right",
"hand",
"as",
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"just",
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"a",
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"##vin",
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"##kshi",
"##s",
",",
"gan",
"##dhar",
"##vas",
",",
"b",
"##hri",
"##ng"
] | 707 |
that her left hand clasped shiva's right hand as a mark of holy alliance. brahma is sitting as the officiating priest for the marriage. vishnu is witness to the marriage. mena, the mother of parvati, is seen standing next to vishnu. the moon @ - @ god chandra, seen with a wig and a crescent, is standing behind parvati holding a circular pot with nectar for the marriage ceremony. just above the main images, a galaxy of divinities, bearded sages, apsaras ( nymphs ), vidyadharas, yakshis, gandharvas, bhring
| 2,609 |
[
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"a",
"crescent",
",",
"a",
"round",
"fr",
"##ill",
"at",
"the",
"back"
] | 708 |
##i, and other male and female attendants are seen as witness to the marriage ceremony showering flowers on the divine couple. = = = yogishvara and nataraja = = = the panel to the east of the north portico is shiva in a yogic position called yogisvara, mahayogi, dharmaraja and lakulish. resembling a buddha, shiva is in a dilapidated condition with only two broken arms. shiva is seated in padmasana yogic posture ( cross legged ) on a lotus carried by two nagas. his crown is carved with details adorned by a crescent, a round frill at the back
| 2,412 |
[
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"sun",
"@"
] | 709 |
, and hair curls dropping on either side of the shoulders. his face is calm in mediation, his eyes half @ - @ closed. this represents shiva in penance sitting amidst the himalayan mountains after the death of his first wife sati, who was later reborn as parvati. he is surrounded by divinities in the sky and attendants below. also seen is a plantain with three leaves already open and one opening, as well as a sunflower blossom. these are flanked by two attendants. other figures discerned from a study of the broken images are : vishnu riding garuda on a plantain leaf ; the sun @
| 1,521 |
[
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"@",
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".",
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"##gis",
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"nat",
"##ara",
"##ja",
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"4",
"m",
"(",
"13",
"ft",
")",
"wide",
"and",
"3",
"@",
".",
"@"
] | 710 |
- @ god surya riding a fully saddled horse ( head missing ) ; a saint with a rosary ; two female figures in the sky draped up to their thighs ; a faceless figure of the moon with a water container ; three identical figures of a male flanked by two females ; the skeleton of a sage ; brahma ( without one arm ) riding a swan ; and indra without his mount ( elephant missing ). the panel carving in the west niche opposite yogishvara depicts shiva as nataraja performing the tandava ( cosmic dance ). the niche is 4 m ( 13 ft ) wide and 3 @. @
| 2,609 |
[
"4",
"m",
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"11",
"ft",
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"high",
"and",
"set",
"low",
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"the",
"wall",
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"first",
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"and",
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"the",
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"arm",
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",",
"the",
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"@",
"-",
"@",
"club",
")",
".",
"the",
"left",
"arms",
",",
"seen"
] | 711 |
4 m ( 11 ft ) high and set low on the wall. he wears well @ - @ decorated headgear. the shiva image displays a dance pose and had ten arms, but the first right and third left hands are missing. the remaining first right arm is held across the breast and touches the left side, the second right hand that is seen damaged with an out @ - @ flaying pose is broken at the elbow. the third arm is damaged at the elbow, and the fourth is also broken but inferred to have held a khatvanga ( skull @ - @ club ). the left arms, seen
| 62 |
[
"hanging",
",",
"are",
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"near",
"the",
"wrists",
".",
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"third",
"hand",
"is",
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"figure",
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"relief",
"are",
":",
"vishnu",
"riding",
"a",
"ga",
"##rud",
"##a",
";",
"ind"
] | 712 |
hanging, are damaged near the wrists. the third hand is bent ( but broken ) towards parvati standing on the side and the fourth hand is raised up. the right thigh ( broken ) is lifted up, and the left leg is not seen at all, the elaborate armlets are well @ - @ preserved and a skirt round the waist is tied by a ribbon. a tall figurine of parvati stands to the left of shiva, which is also seen partly broken but well bejewelled. an airborne female figure is seen behind parvati. other figures seen in the relief are : vishnu riding a garuda ; ind
| 62 |
[
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"his",
"elephant",
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"the",
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",",
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"##vati",
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"is",
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"shrine",
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"by",
"1",
"@",
".",
"@",
"8",
"m",
"(",
"5",
"ft",
"11",
"in"
] | 713 |
##ra riding his elephant ; the elephant @ - @ headed ganesha ; kartikeya ; bhrngi ; sages and attendants. the central shrine is a free @ - @ standing square cell, with entrances on each of its sides. each door is flanked by two dvarapalas ( gate keepers ). the linga, the symbol of shiva in union with the yoni, and the symbol of parvati together symbolise the supreme unity that is deified by the shrine. the linga is set on a raised platform above the floor of the shrine by 1 @. @ 8 m ( 5 ft 11 in
| 832 |
[
")",
".",
"six",
"steps",
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"to",
"this",
"level",
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"the",
"floor",
"level",
".",
"the",
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"##pala",
"##s",
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".",
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"62",
"##3",
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"@",
".",
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"–",
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".",
"@",
"17",
"ft",
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".",
"all",
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"condition",
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"the",
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"the",
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"##ge",
"##ar",
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"above",
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"parted",
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"protruding",
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"single",
"bea",
"##d",
"necklace",
",",
"earrings",
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"plain",
"twisted",
"arm",
"##lets",
"and",
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"##lets",
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"a",
"st",
"##ooped",
"right",
"shoulder",
";",
"a",
"globe",
"held",
"at",
"nave",
"##l",
"level"
] | 714 |
). six steps lead to this level from the floor level. the height of the eight dvarapalas varies from 4 @. @ 521 – 4 @. @ 623 m ( 14 @. @ 83 – 15 @. @ 17 ft ). all are in a damaged condition except those at the southern door to the shrine. the southern gate statue has many unusual features – unusual headgear ; a large skull above the forehead ; lips parted with protruding teeth ; statues adorned with a single bead necklace, earrings, plain twisted armlets and thick wristlets ; a stooped right shoulder ; a globe held at navel level
| 1,460 |
[
";",
"the",
"robe",
"is",
"held",
"at",
"the",
"right",
"thigh",
"by",
"the",
"left",
"hand",
",",
"and",
"the",
"legs",
"are",
"shape",
"##less",
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"several",
"courtyard",
"##s",
"to",
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"east",
"and",
"west",
"of",
"the",
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"cave",
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"blocked",
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"though",
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"17",
"m",
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"56",
"ft",
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"-",
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"is",
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"part",
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"steps",
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"wall",
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"court",
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"-",
"@",
"preserved",
"fresco",
".",
"the",
"circular",
"pedestal",
"seen",
"in",
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"in",
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"the",
"shiva",
"'",
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"end",
",",
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"area",
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"'",
"s",
"mount",
".",
"on",
"each",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"steps",
"leading",
"to"
] | 715 |
; the robe is held at the right thigh by the left hand, and the legs are shapeless. several courtyards to the east and west of the main cave are blocked, though there is a 17 m ( 56 ft ) - wide courtyard that is accessible by entering the eastern part and climbing nine steps. a temple on the southern wall of the court depicts a well @ - @ preserved fresco. the circular pedestal seen in the courtyard in front of the shiva's shrine near the east end, in the open area, is said to be the seat of nandi, shiva's mount. on each side of the steps leading to
| 831 |
[
"the",
"temple",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cave",
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"lion",
",",
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"##gr",
"##iff",
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"each",
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"deep",
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",",
"is",
"a",
"gigantic",
"statue",
"of",
"a",
"four",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"armed"
] | 716 |
the temple @ - @ cave portico is a winged lion, or leogriff, each seated with a raised forepaw. the portico has chambers at each end and a linga @ - @ shrine at the back. five low steps and a threshold lead into the central linga @ - @ shrine which is 4 @. @ 2 m ( 14 ft ) wide and 5 m ( 16 ft ) deep and has a circumambulatory path ( pradakshina @ - @ path ) around it. at the back of the portico, near the east end, is a gigantic statue of a four @ - @ armed
| 314 |
[
"door",
"##keeper",
"with",
"two",
"attendant",
"demons",
".",
"at",
"the",
"north",
"end",
"is",
"a",
"standing",
"figure",
"holding",
"a",
"trident",
".",
"his",
"left",
"hand",
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"demon",
"@",
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"@",
"figure",
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"the",
"ash",
"##ta",
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"-",
"@",
"mat",
"##rika",
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",",
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"of",
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".",
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"mat",
"##rika",
"##s",
"are",
"depicted",
"with",
"children",
",",
"but",
"all",
"of",
"them",
"are",
"shown",
"by",
"their",
"respective",
"mounts",
"(",
"bull",
",",
"swan",
",",
"peacock",
",",
"a",
"ga",
"##rud",
"##a",
",",
"etc",
".",
")",
"which",
"identify",
"them",
".",
"at",
"the",
"east",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"portico",
"is",
"another",
"chapel",
"with",
"a",
"plain",
"interior",
"and",
"sunken",
"floor",
".",
"water"
] | 717 |
doorkeeper with two attendant demons. at the north end is a standing figure holding a trident. his left hand rests on a defaced demon @ - @ figure. the west wall depicts the ashta @ - @ matrikas ( eight mother goddesses ), flanked by kartikeya and ganesha, the sons of shiva. some of matrikas are depicted with children, but all of them are shown by their respective mounts ( bull, swan, peacock, a garuda, etc. ) which identify them. at the east end of the portico is another chapel with a plain interior and sunken floor. water
| 856 |
[
"drip",
"##s",
"in",
"this",
"chapel",
".",
"the",
"west",
"wing",
",",
"entered",
"through",
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"main",
"cave",
",",
"is",
"in",
"a",
"semi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"ruined",
"state",
".",
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"small",
"chapel",
"and",
"a",
"cis",
"##tern",
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"within",
"the",
"pillar",
"##ed",
"cave",
",",
"which",
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".",
"another",
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"of",
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",",
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"##gic",
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"a",
"lotus",
"carried",
"by",
"“",
"two",
"fat",
",",
"heavy",
",",
"wig",
"##ged",
"figures",
"”",
".",
"this",
"carving",
"also",
"depicts",
"a",
"three",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"faced",
"bearded",
"bram",
"##ha",
"and",
"several",
"other",
"fig",
"##uri",
"##nes",
".",
"entering",
"through",
"the",
"back",
"door",
"of",
"the",
"portico",
"is",
"a",
"cave",
"en",
"##sh",
"##rine",
"##d",
"with",
"a",
"multi",
"##face",
"##ted"
] | 718 |
drips in this chapel. the west wing, entered through the main cave, is in a semi @ - @ ruined state. it has a small chapel and a cistern enclosed within the pillared cave, which is believed to be buddhist. another shrine to the west of the courtyard, with a portico, has carvings of shiva in a yogic pose seated on a lotus carried by “ two fat, heavy, wigged figures ”. this carving also depicts a three @ - @ faced bearded bramha and several other figurines. entering through the back door of the portico is a cave enshrined with a multifaceted
| 851 |
[
"shiva",
"ling",
"##a",
"erected",
"over",
"roughly",
"he",
"##wn",
"sal",
"##unk",
"##hs",
".",
"at",
"the",
"door",
"entrance",
"on",
"both",
"flanks",
",",
"statues",
"of",
"gate",
"##keepers",
"standing",
"over",
"demons",
"and",
"two",
"fat",
",",
"poised",
"figures",
"are",
"seen",
".",
"on",
"the",
"southern",
"side",
"of",
"the",
"door",
"is",
"an",
"ensemble",
"of",
"a",
"number",
"of",
"statues",
".",
"prominent",
"among",
"these",
"is",
"the",
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"carving",
",",
"which",
"is",
"depicted",
"with",
"six",
"arms",
"and",
"the",
"third",
"eye",
"in",
"the",
"forehead",
".",
"though",
"in",
"a",
"partly",
"ruined",
"state",
",",
"the",
"carving",
"shows",
"shiva",
"with",
"an",
"or",
"##name",
"##nted",
"crown",
"fixed",
"with",
"a",
"crescent",
",",
"seen",
"carrying",
"a",
"cobra",
"in",
"the",
"left",
"hand",
",",
"a",
"club",
"in",
"another",
"hand",
",",
"and",
"disc",
"##ern",
"##ed",
"to",
"be",
"in",
"a",
"dancing",
"pose",
".",
"next",
"to",
"this",
"image",
"are",
"a"
] | 719 |
shiva linga erected over roughly hewn salunkhs. at the door entrance on both flanks, statues of gatekeepers standing over demons and two fat, poised figures are seen. on the southern side of the door is an ensemble of a number of statues. prominent among these is the shiva carving, which is depicted with six arms and the third eye in the forehead. though in a partly ruined state, the carving shows shiva with an ornamented crown fixed with a crescent, seen carrying a cobra in the left hand, a club in another hand, and discerned to be in a dancing pose. next to this image are a
| 287 |
[
"figure",
"under",
"a",
"plant",
"##ain",
"tree",
"and",
"a",
"shiva",
"image",
"(",
"yo",
"##gis",
"##h",
"##vara",
")",
"seated",
"on",
"a",
"lotus",
".",
"also",
"seen",
"in",
"the",
"panel",
"are",
"a",
"male",
"figure",
"riding",
"a",
"bull",
"with",
"a",
"bell",
"fastened",
"to",
"its",
"neck",
",",
"a",
"female",
"figure",
"and",
"another",
"carving",
"to",
"left",
"of",
"shiva",
",",
"a",
"female",
"figure",
"with",
"a",
"jewel",
"on",
"her",
"forehead",
"with",
"neatly",
"loop",
"##ed",
"head",
"##dre",
"##ss",
",",
"ind",
"##ra",
"riding",
"an",
"elephant",
",",
"vishnu",
"with",
"four",
"arms",
",",
"holding",
"a",
"discus",
"in",
"one",
"of",
"his",
"left",
"hands",
"and",
"riding",
"on",
"ga",
"##rud",
"##a",
"flanked",
"by",
"a",
"small",
"flying",
"figure",
",",
"and",
"a",
"male",
"figure",
"with",
"crescent",
"in",
"his",
"hair",
".",
"=",
"=",
"other",
"notable",
"caves",
"=",
"=",
"to",
"the",
"south",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"east",
"of",
"the"
] | 720 |
figure under a plantain tree and a shiva image ( yogishvara ) seated on a lotus. also seen in the panel are a male figure riding a bull with a bell fastened to its neck, a female figure and another carving to left of shiva, a female figure with a jewel on her forehead with neatly looped headdress, indra riding an elephant, vishnu with four arms, holding a discus in one of his left hands and riding on garuda flanked by a small flying figure, and a male figure with crescent in his hair. = = other notable caves = = to the south @ - @ east of the
| 2,114 |
[
"great",
"cave",
"is",
"the",
"second",
"excavation",
",",
"which",
"faces",
"east",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"northeast",
".",
"it",
"includes",
"a",
"chapel",
"at",
"the",
"north",
"end",
".",
"the",
"front",
"of",
"this",
"cave",
"is",
"completely",
"destroyed",
";",
"only",
"fragments",
"of",
"some",
"semi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"columns",
"remain",
".",
"the",
"interior",
"has",
"suffered",
"water",
"damage",
".",
"the",
"portico",
"is",
"26",
"m",
"(",
"85",
"ft",
")",
"long",
"and",
"11",
"m",
"(",
"36",
"ft",
")",
"deep",
".",
"the",
"chapel",
"is",
"supported",
"by",
"eight",
"eight",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"cornered",
"columns",
"and",
"two",
"demi",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"columns",
"and",
"is",
"irregular",
"in",
"shape",
".",
"at",
"the",
"back",
"of",
"the",
"portico",
"are",
"three",
"chambers",
";",
"the",
"central",
"one",
"has",
"an",
"altar",
"and",
"a",
"water",
"channel",
"(",
"pr",
"##anal",
"##ika",
")",
",",
"though",
"the",
"ling",
"##a",
"is",
"lost",
"."
] | 721 |
great cave is the second excavation, which faces east @ - @ northeast. it includes a chapel at the north end. the front of this cave is completely destroyed ; only fragments of some semi @ - @ columns remain. the interior has suffered water damage. the portico is 26 m ( 85 ft ) long and 11 m ( 36 ft ) deep. the chapel is supported by eight eight @ - @ cornered columns and two demi @ - @ columns and is irregular in shape. at the back of the portico are three chambers ; the central one has an altar and a water channel ( pranalika ), though the linga is lost.
| 851 |
[
"the",
"shrine",
"door",
"has",
"some",
"traces",
"of",
"sculpture",
"(",
"a",
"boy",
",",
"a",
"fat",
"figure",
",",
"alligator",
"##s",
"on",
"the",
"fr",
"##ie",
"##ze",
",",
"and",
"broken",
"animal",
"figures",
"at",
"the",
"head",
"of",
"a",
"door",
"##ja",
"##mb",
")",
".",
"the",
"door",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"keepers",
"of",
"the",
"shrine",
"are",
"now",
"in",
"fragments",
".",
"a",
"little",
"to",
"the",
"south",
"of",
"the",
"last",
"cave",
"is",
"another",
"cave",
"in",
"worse",
"condition",
",",
"with",
"water",
"damage",
".",
"it",
"is",
"a",
"portico",
"in",
"which",
"each",
"end",
"probably",
"had",
"a",
"chapel",
"or",
"room",
"with",
"pillars",
"in",
"front",
".",
"two",
"of",
"them",
"have",
"cells",
"at",
"the",
"back",
".",
"the",
"central",
"door",
"at",
"the",
"back",
"of",
"the",
"portico",
"leads",
"to",
"a",
"damaged",
"shrine",
".",
"the",
"shrine",
"door",
"has",
"door",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"keepers",
"at",
"each",
"side",
","
] | 722 |
the shrine door has some traces of sculpture ( a boy, a fat figure, alligators on the frieze, and broken animal figures at the head of a doorjamb ). the door @ - @ keepers of the shrine are now in fragments. a little to the south of the last cave is another cave in worse condition, with water damage. it is a portico in which each end probably had a chapel or room with pillars in front. two of them have cells at the back. the central door at the back of the portico leads to a damaged shrine. the shrine door has door @ - @ keepers at each side,
| 812 |
[
"leaning",
"on",
"dwarfs",
"with",
"flying",
"figures",
"over",
"the",
"head",
",",
"with",
"door",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"keepers",
"and",
"demons",
"on",
"the",
"jam",
"##b",
"and",
"arch",
"##it",
"##rave",
".",
"the",
"shrine",
"is",
"a",
"plain",
"room",
"6",
"m",
"(",
"20",
"ft",
")",
"deep",
"by",
"5",
"@",
".",
"@",
"7",
"m",
"(",
"19",
"ft",
")",
"wide",
"with",
"a",
"low",
"altar",
",",
"holding",
"a",
"ling",
"##a",
".",
"south",
"of",
"this",
"cave",
"is",
"a",
"cavern",
"that",
"may",
"be",
"used",
"as",
"a",
"cis",
"##tern",
".",
"above",
"these",
"caves",
"is",
"a",
"tiger",
"sculpture",
",",
"which",
"was",
"worshipped",
"as",
"the",
"tiger",
"goddess",
"va",
"##gh",
"##esh",
"##eri",
".",
"this",
"sculpture",
"may",
"be",
"a",
"guardian",
"of",
"the",
"north",
"entrance",
"of",
"cave",
"1",
".",
"a",
"ling",
"##a",
"is",
"also",
"found",
"near",
"a",
"small",
"pond",
"at",
"top",
"of",
"the",
"hill",
"."
] | 723 |
leaning on dwarfs with flying figures over the head, with door @ - @ keepers and demons on the jamb and architrave. the shrine is a plain room 6 m ( 20 ft ) deep by 5 @. @ 7 m ( 19 ft ) wide with a low altar, holding a linga. south of this cave is a cavern that may be used as a cistern. above these caves is a tiger sculpture, which was worshipped as the tiger goddess vaghesheri. this sculpture may be a guardian of the north entrance of cave 1. a linga is also found near a small pond at top of the hill.
| 181 |
[
"sculptures",
"depicting",
"a",
"stone",
"with",
"a",
"sun",
"and",
"a",
"moon",
"and",
"a",
"mother",
"suck",
"##ling",
"a",
"child",
"(",
"now",
"moved",
")",
"were",
"also",
"found",
"nearby",
".",
"across",
"the",
"top",
"of",
"the",
"ravine",
"from",
"cave",
"1",
"is",
"large",
"hall",
"known",
"as",
"sit",
"##aba",
"##i",
"'",
"s",
"temple",
"(",
"cave",
")",
".",
"the",
"portico",
"has",
"four",
"pillars",
"and",
"two",
"pilasters",
".",
"the",
"hall",
"has",
"3",
"chambers",
"at",
"the",
"back",
",",
"the",
"central",
"one",
"a",
"shrine",
"and",
"the",
"rest",
"for",
"priests",
"(",
"both",
"are",
"plain",
"rooms",
")",
".",
"the",
"door",
"of",
"the",
"central",
"shrine",
"has",
"pilasters",
"and",
"a",
"fr",
"##ie",
"##ze",
",",
"with",
"the",
"threshold",
"having",
"lion",
"figures",
"at",
"the",
"end",
".",
"the",
"shrine",
"has",
"an",
"altar",
",",
"a",
"water",
"channel",
",",
"and",
"hole",
"in",
"the",
"centre",
",",
"in",
"which",
"a"
] | 724 |
sculptures depicting a stone with a sun and a moon and a mother suckling a child ( now moved ) were also found nearby. across the top of the ravine from cave 1 is large hall known as sitabai's temple ( cave ). the portico has four pillars and two pilasters. the hall has 3 chambers at the back, the central one a shrine and the rest for priests ( both are plain rooms ). the door of the central shrine has pilasters and a frieze, with the threshold having lion figures at the end. the shrine has an altar, a water channel, and hole in the centre, in which a
| 1,006 |
[
"statue",
"of",
"par",
"##vati",
"may",
"have",
"been",
"worshipped",
".",
"a",
"17th",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"century",
"record",
"states",
"that",
"\"",
"this",
"cave",
"[",
"has",
"]",
"a",
"beautiful",
"gate",
"with",
"a",
"porch",
"of",
"exquisite",
"##ly",
"wrought",
"marble",
"\"",
"and",
"two",
"idols",
",",
"one",
"of",
"goddess",
"vet",
"##al",
"candi",
"and",
"a",
"head",
"being",
"in",
"a",
"large",
"square",
"seat",
".",
"passing",
"along",
"the",
"face",
"of",
"the",
"eastern",
"hill",
"to",
"the",
"north",
"of",
"sit",
"##aba",
"##i",
"'",
"s",
"cave",
"is",
"a",
"small",
"hindu",
"excavation",
"with",
"a",
"vera",
"##nda",
",",
"which",
"was",
"probably",
"to",
"be",
"three",
"cells",
",",
"but",
"was",
"abandoned",
"following",
"the",
"discovery",
"of",
"a",
"flaw",
"in",
"the",
"rock",
".",
"towards",
"the",
"east",
"of",
"hill",
"is",
"a",
"dry",
"pond",
",",
"with",
"large",
"artificial",
"boulders",
"and",
"buddhist",
"cis",
"##tern",
"##s",
"along",
"its",
"banks",
"."
] | 725 |
statue of parvati may have been worshipped. a 17th @ - @ century record states that " this cave [ has ] a beautiful gate with a porch of exquisitely wrought marble " and two idols, one of goddess vetal candi and a head being in a large square seat. passing along the face of the eastern hill to the north of sitabai's cave is a small hindu excavation with a veranda, which was probably to be three cells, but was abandoned following the discovery of a flaw in the rock. towards the east of hill is a dry pond, with large artificial boulders and buddhist cisterns along its banks.
| 832 |
[
"at",
"the",
"end",
"of",
"the",
"north",
"spur",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"hill",
"is",
"a",
"mound",
"that",
"resembles",
"a",
"buddhist",
"stu",
"##pa",
".",
"=",
"=",
"preservation",
"=",
"=",
"the",
"threats",
"to",
"elephant",
"##a",
"caves",
"have",
"been",
"identified",
"as",
"the",
"following",
":",
"developmental",
"pressures",
"(",
"mainly",
"due",
"to",
"its",
"location",
"within",
"the",
"mumbai",
"harbour",
")",
",",
"ant",
"##hr",
"##op",
"##ogenic",
"pressure",
"due",
"to",
"growth",
"of",
"population",
"of",
"the",
"communities",
"residing",
"on",
"the",
"island",
",",
"industrial",
"growth",
"of",
"the",
"port",
"facilities",
"close",
"to",
"the",
"island",
",",
"no",
"risk",
"prepared",
"##ness",
"plan",
"to",
"address",
"natural",
"cal",
"##ami",
"##ties",
"such",
"as",
"earthquake",
",",
"cyclones",
"and",
"terrorist",
"attacks",
",",
"un",
"##sus",
"##tain",
"##able",
"tourism",
"and",
"tourist",
"facilities",
"on",
"the",
"island",
",",
"and",
"poor",
"management",
"of",
"the",
"heritage",
"monument",
".",
"preservation",
"of",
"elephant",
"##a",
"island",
"as"
] | 726 |
at the end of the north spur of the main hill is a mound that resembles a buddhist stupa. = = preservation = = the threats to elephanta caves have been identified as the following : developmental pressures ( mainly due to its location within the mumbai harbour ), anthropogenic pressure due to growth of population of the communities residing on the island, industrial growth of the port facilities close to the island, no risk preparedness plan to address natural calamities such as earthquake, cyclones and terrorist attacks, unsustainable tourism and tourist facilities on the island, and poor management of the heritage monument. preservation of elephanta island as
| 813 |
[
"a",
"whole",
"with",
"its",
"monuments",
"has",
"been",
"ensured",
"both",
"through",
"legislation",
"and",
"by",
"physical",
"restoration",
"of",
"the",
"caves",
"and",
"its",
"sculptures",
".",
"the",
"basic",
"legislation",
"##s",
"enacted",
"are",
":",
"the",
"ancient",
"monuments",
"and",
"archaeological",
"sites",
"and",
"remains",
"act",
"of",
"1958",
"and",
"rules",
"(",
"1959",
")",
";",
"the",
"elephant",
"##a",
"island",
"(",
"protected",
"monument",
")",
"rules",
"of",
"1957",
",",
"which",
"prohibits",
"mining",
",",
"quarry",
"##ing",
",",
"blasting",
",",
"excavation",
"and",
"other",
"operations",
"near",
"the",
"monument",
";",
"the",
"antiquities",
"and",
"art",
"treasures",
"act",
"prom",
"##ul",
"##gated",
"in",
"1972",
"with",
"its",
"rules",
"prom",
"##ul",
"##gated",
"in",
"1973",
";",
"a",
"notification",
"issued",
"in",
"1985",
"declaring",
"the",
"entire",
"island",
"and",
"a",
"1",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"kilometre",
"(",
"0",
"@",
".",
"@",
"62",
"mi",
")",
"area",
"from",
"the",
"shore",
"as",
"\"",
"a",
"prohibited",
"area"
] | 727 |
a whole with its monuments has been ensured both through legislation and by physical restoration of the caves and its sculptures. the basic legislations enacted are : the ancient monuments and archaeological sites and remains act of 1958 and rules ( 1959 ) ; the elephanta island ( protected monument ) rules of 1957, which prohibits mining, quarrying, blasting, excavation and other operations near the monument ; the antiquities and art treasures act promulgated in 1972 with its rules promulgated in 1973 ; a notification issued in 1985 declaring the entire island and a 1 @ - @ kilometre ( 0 @. @ 62 mi ) area from the shore as " a prohibited area
| 68 |
[
"\"",
";",
"a",
"series",
"of",
"maharashtra",
"state",
"government",
"environmental",
"acts",
"protecting",
"the",
"site",
";",
"the",
"1966",
"regional",
"and",
"town",
"planning",
"act",
";",
"and",
"the",
"1995",
"heritage",
"regulations",
"for",
"greater",
"bombay",
".",
"the",
"archaeological",
"survey",
"of",
"india",
"(",
"as",
"##i",
")",
",",
"aura",
"##nga",
"##bad",
"circle",
",",
"on",
"the",
"basis",
"of",
"the",
"above",
"legislation",
"and",
"rules",
",",
"maintain",
"and",
"manage",
"the",
"monuments",
".",
"the",
"physical",
"measures",
"undertaken",
"for",
"conservation",
"cover",
"include",
"stab",
"##ilis",
"##ation",
"of",
"the",
"rock",
"face",
",",
"construction",
"of",
"supports",
"to",
"the",
"cave",
"structures",
"where",
"pillars",
"have",
"collapsed",
",",
"and",
"consolidation",
"of",
"cave",
"floors",
"and",
"construction",
"of",
"a",
"parapet",
"wall",
"surrounding",
"the",
"site",
".",
"in",
"addition",
",",
"visitor",
"facilities",
"at",
"the",
"site",
"have",
"been",
"upgraded",
"(",
"such",
"as",
"toilet",
"facilities",
",",
"railing",
"construction",
",",
"pathways",
",",
"and"
] | 728 |
" ; a series of maharashtra state government environmental acts protecting the site ; the 1966 regional and town planning act ; and the 1995 heritage regulations for greater bombay. the archaeological survey of india ( asi ), aurangabad circle, on the basis of the above legislation and rules, maintain and manage the monuments. the physical measures undertaken for conservation cover include stabilisation of the rock face, construction of supports to the cave structures where pillars have collapsed, and consolidation of cave floors and construction of a parapet wall surrounding the site. in addition, visitor facilities at the site have been upgraded ( such as toilet facilities, railing construction, pathways, and
| 831 |
[
"a",
"flight",
"of",
"steps",
"from",
"the",
"jett",
"##y",
"to",
"the",
"caves",
")",
".",
"an",
"on",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"site",
"museum",
"has",
"been",
"established",
"and",
"a",
"conservation",
"plan",
"has",
"been",
"put",
"in",
"place",
".",
"overall",
",",
"conservation",
"of",
"the",
"property",
"is",
"stated",
"to",
"be",
"good",
".",
"the",
"site",
"receives",
"approximately",
"25",
"@",
",",
"@",
"000",
"visitors",
"per",
"month",
".",
"public",
"information",
"bro",
"##chu",
"##res",
"are",
"also",
"available",
"at",
"the",
"venue",
"of",
"the",
"monuments",
".",
"during",
"the",
"world",
"heritage",
"day",
"on",
"18",
"april",
"and",
"world",
"heritage",
"week",
"between",
"19",
"and",
"25",
"november",
"there",
"are",
"special",
"events",
"held",
"at",
"the",
"caves",
".",
"another",
"popular",
"event",
"organised",
"is",
"an",
"annual",
"traditional",
"dance",
"festival",
"that",
"attracts",
"many",
"visitors",
".",
"after",
"declaring",
"the",
"caves",
"a",
"world",
"heritage",
"site",
",",
"unesco",
"granted",
"$",
"100",
"@"
] | 729 |
a flight of steps from the jetty to the caves ). an on @ - @ site museum has been established and a conservation plan has been put in place. overall, conservation of the property is stated to be good. the site receives approximately 25 @, @ 000 visitors per month. public information brochures are also available at the venue of the monuments. during the world heritage day on 18 april and world heritage week between 19 and 25 november there are special events held at the caves. another popular event organised is an annual traditional dance festival that attracts many visitors. after declaring the caves a world heritage site, unesco granted $ 100 @
| 871 |
[
",",
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"is",
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] | 730 |
, @ 000 to document the site's history and draw up a site plan. a part of the grant was used for conservation of the caves. based on assessments by unesco, management plans include : better communication and collaboration between the asi, on @ - @ site staff, and other responsible government departments ; improved public information and awareness programs ; monitoring environmental impact of tourists on the cave and island environment ; greater attention to the maintenance of the rocks to address water leakages into the caves ; and daily monitoring of both structural and chemical conservation measures. the indian national trust for art and cultural heritage ( intach ) is also involved with the archaeological
| 1,568 |
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"in"
] | 731 |
survey of india in improving the local conditions at the cave site. a book has been published jointly by unesco, intach and the government of india which presents a comprehensive site plan for restoration and a brief history of each sculpture constructed inside the caves. = devin townsend = devin garret townsend ( born may 5, 1972 ) is a canadian musician, songwriter and record producer. he was the founder, songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist in extreme metal band strapping young lad from 1994 to 2007 and has an extensive career as a solo artist. after performing in a number of heavy metal bands in high school, townsend was discovered by a record label in
| 2,726 |
[
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"rock",
","
] | 732 |
1993 and was asked to perform lead vocals on steve vai's album sex & religion. after recording and touring with vai, townsend was discouraged by what he found in the music industry, and vented his anger on the solo album heavy as a really heavy thing released under the pseudonym strapping young lad. he soon assembled a band under the name, and released the critically acclaimed city in 1997. since then, he has released three more studio albums with strapping young lad, along with solo material released under his own independent record label, hevydevy records. townsend's solo albums, a diverse mix of hard rock,
| 2,884 |
[
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"and",
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] | 733 |
progressive metal, ambient, and new @ - @ age, have featured a varying lineup of supporting musicians. in 2002 he formed the devin townsend band, a dedicated lineup which recorded and toured for two of his solo releases. in 2007, he disbanded both strapping young lad and the devin townsend band, taking a break from touring to spend more time with his family. after a two @ - @ year hiatus, he began recording again, and soon announced the formation of the devin townsend project. the project began with a series of four albums, released from 2009 to 2011, each written in a different style, and townsend continues to record and tour
| 2,765 |
[
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"1972",
"–",
"1994",
")",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"devin",
"townsend",
"was"
] | 734 |
under the new moniker. across all his bands and projects, townsend has released twenty @ - @ three studio albums and three live albums. townsend's trademark production style, featuring a heavily multitracked wall of sound, has been compared to the styles of phil spector and frank zappa. his versatile vocal delivery ranges from screaming to an opera @ - @ esque singing, and his songwriting is similarly diverse. townsend's musical style is rooted in metal, and his albums are written to express different aspects of his personality. = = biography = = = = = early musical career ( 1972 – 1994 ) = = = devin townsend was
| 2,726 |
[
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",",
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",",
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"##roud",
",",
"both",
"of",
"whom",
"would",
"later",
"become",
"members",
"of"
] | 735 |
born in new westminster, british columbia, on may 5, 1972. townsend picked up the banjo when he was five, and began playing guitar when he was 12. as an early teenager he befriended brian " beav " waddell, who would later play guitars as part of the devin townsend band and bass on the devin townsend project. he participated in several metal bands while he was in high school, and founded grey skies at the age of 19. around the same time he joined a popular local group called caustic thought, replacing jed simon on guitar and playing alongside bassist byron stroud, both of whom would later become members of
| 2,857 |
[
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"sex",
"and",
"religion",
".",
"after",
"recording",
"sex",
"and",
"religion"
] | 736 |
townsend's flagship band, strapping young lad. in 1993, townsend began writing material under the name noisescapes, a project he later described as " just as violent as strapping young lad ". townsend recorded a noisescapes demo and sent copies to various record labels. relativity records responded to townsend with a record deal and townsend began work on what was to be the first noisescapes album, promise. shortly afterward, the label introduced him to musician steve vai. impressed with townsend's vocal work, vai offered him the role of the lead vocalist on his new album sex and religion. after recording sex and religion
| 2,085 |
[
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"##a",
"'",
"s",
"then",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"bassist"
] | 737 |
, townsend accompanied vai on a world tour in support of the album. townsend soon landed a second touring gig, this time with the opening band of vai's tour, the wildhearts. he played live with the band throughout half of 1994 in europe, and appeared as a guest musician on their single urge. ginger, the band's frontman, remained close friends with townsend, later co @ - @ writing several songs on infinity and the christeen + 4 demos ep. while on tour with the wildhearts, townsend formed a short @ - @ lived thrash metal project with metallica's then @ - @ bassist
| 2,726 |
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"what",
"he",
"had",
"accomplished"
] | 738 |
jason newsted. the band, known as ir8, featured newsted on vocals and bass, townsend on guitar, and tom hunting of exodus on drums. the group recorded a few songs together, although townsend says that they never intended to go further than that. " people heard about it and thought we wanted to put out a cd, which is absolutely not true, " he explains. " people took this project way too seriously. " a demo tape was put together, but the material was not released until 2002, when newsted published the ir8 vs. sexoturica compilation. though townsend was proud of what he had accomplished
| 2,844 |
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"only",
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"me",
"a",
"deal",
"to",
"get"
] | 739 |
so early in his career, he was discouraged by his experience with the music industry. " i was becoming a product of somebody else's imagination, and it was mixing with my own personality, " he later reflected. " this combination was appalling. " he pushed to get his own projects off the ground. despite getting notable touring gigs with other musicians, however, townsend continued to face rejection of his own music. relativity records dropped noisescapes from their label shortly after townsend accepted vai's offer, seeing no commercial appeal in townsend's music. " i have a hunch they only offered me a deal to get
| 2,091 |
[
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"record",
"label",
",",
"and",
"also",
"provided"
] | 740 |
me to sing with steve, " he mused. while touring with the wildhearts, townsend received a phone call from an a & r representative for roadrunner records, expressing an interest in his demos and an intention to sign him. the offer was ultimately rescinded by the head of roadrunner, who regarded townsend's recordings as " just noise ". = = = heavy as a really heavy thing through infinity ( 1994 – 1998 ) = = = in 1994, century media records offered townsend a contract to make " some extreme albums ". he agreed to a five @ - @ album deal with the record label, and also provided
| 2,766 |
[
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"and",
"i",
"was",
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"in",
"respect",
"to",
"that",
"music",
".",
"\""
] | 741 |
much of the guitar work on the 1994 album millennium and the 1995 album hard wired by vancouver industrial band front line assembly. townsend began to record material under the pseudonym strapping young lad. he avoided using his real name at this point in career, looking for a fresh start after his high @ - @ profile vai gig. " at the beginning, i wanted to avoid at all cost to use my name because i was known as the singer for steve vai and it wasn't the best publicity to have, " he later explained. " i was playing somebody else's music and i was judged in respect to that music. "
| 2,849 |
[
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"strap",
"##ping",
"young",
"lad",
"to",
"record",
"city",
","
] | 742 |
townsend produced and performed nearly all the instruments on the debut studio album, heavy as a really heavy thing, which was released in april 1995. following the release of the record, townsend and several other musician friends he knew in vancouver recorded his first solo album in 1996 entitled punky bruster – cooked on phonics. written and recorded in under a month, the album was produced as a parody of punk rock bands and documents the act of selling out for mainstream success. townsend founded his own independent record label, hevydevy records, to release the album. townsend assembled a permanent lineup of strapping young lad to record city,
| 2,753 |
[
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",",
"ambient",
",",
"and",
"progressive",
"rock",
"."
] | 743 |
including prolific metal drummer gene hoglan, along with townsend's former bandmates jed simon on guitar and byron stroud on bass. the industrial @ - @ influenced album was released in 1997. to this day, the album is widely considered strapping young lad's best work, with metal maniacs calling it " groundbreaking " and revolver naming it " one of the greatest metal albums of all time ". townsend himself considers it the band's " ultimate " album. later that year, townsend released his second solo album, ocean machine : biomech. the album featured a mix of hard rock, ambient, and progressive rock.
| 2,857 |
[
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"##ping",
"'",
"s",
"city",
"record",
"and",
"ocean",
"machine",
":",
"bio"
] | 744 |
after the completion of city and ocean machine : biomech, townsend began to approach a mental breakdown. " i started to see human beings as little lonesome, water based, pink meat, " he explained, " life forms pushing air through themselves and making noises that the other little pieces of meat seemed to understand. " in 1997, he checked himself into a mental @ - @ health hospital, where he was diagnosed with bipolar disorder. the diagnosis helped him understand where the two sides of his music were coming from ; he felt his disorder " gave birth to the two extremes that are strapping's city record and ocean machine : bio
| 1,572 |
[
"##me",
"##ch",
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"\"",
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"from",
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",",
"townsend",
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"##ping",
"young",
"lad",
"under",
"his",
"own",
"name",
",",
"dropping",
"the",
"ocean"
] | 745 |
##mech. " after being discharged from the hospital, townsend found that " everything just clicked " and he was able to write his third solo album, infinity, which he described as " the parent project " of city and ocean machine : biomech, with music influenced by broadway. townsend returned to the studio, accompanied by hoglan, to work on the album, on which townsend played most of the instruments. infinity was released in october 1998. later in his career, townsend has cited infinity as his favorite solo record. with infinity, townsend began to label all albums outside of strapping young lad under his own name, dropping the ocean
| 2,085 |
[
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"=",
"=",
"=",
"townsend",
"'",
"s",
"next",
"project",
"took",
"several",
"years",
"to"
] | 746 |
machine moniker, to reduce confusion. he wanted to show that despite the highly varied nature of his projects, they are all simply aspects of his identity. the album biomech was relabeled and redistributed as ocean machine : biomech, under townsend's name, to reflect the new arrangement. townsend's bandmates began to play two sets at their shows, one as strapping young lad, and one as the devin townsend band, playing songs from townsend's solo albums. = = = physicist and terria ( 1999 – 2001 ) = = = townsend's next project took several years to
| 2,171 |
[
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".",
"townsend",
"assembled",
"his",
"strap"
] | 747 |
come to fruition. after the creation of the ir8 demo tape, townsend and jason newsted had begun work on a new project called fizzicist, which they described as " heavier than strapping young lad ". when the ir8 tape was leaked, newsted's metallica bandmates james hetfield and lars ulrich learned of the project. hetfield was " fucking pissed " that newsted was playing outside the band, and newsted was prevented by his bandmates from working on any more side projects. with the project stalled, townsend instead wrote the album himself, entitling it physicist. townsend assembled his strap
| 2,072 |
[
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"with",
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",",
"and",
"looked",
"to",
"write",
"an",
"\"",
"intro",
"##sp"
] | 748 |
##ping young lad bandmates to record it, the only time this lineup was featured on a devin townsend album. the thrash @ - @ influenced physicist was released in june 2000, and is generally considered a low point in townsend's career. hoglan and the rest of the band were dissatisfied with the way the sound was mixed, and townsend considers it his worst album to date. feeling he had " ostracized a bunch of fans " with physicist, townsend felt he had the chance to make a more personal and honest record. townsend was inspired one morning while driving across canada with his band, and looked to write an " introsp
| 2,211 |
[
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"new",
"album",
".",
"townsend",
"credits",
"the",
"album"
] | 749 |
##ective " album dedicated to his homeland. he produced and recorded terria, a " highly illustrated stream @ - @ of @ - @ consciousness " album, with gene hoglan on drums, craig mcfarland on bass and jamie meyer on keyboards. townsend cited ween's white pepper as an inspiration for the album. terria was released in november 2001. = = = strapping young lad through synchestra ( 2003 – 2006 ) = = = townsend's solo run lasted until 2002. after a five @ - @ year break from recording, strapping young lad reunited to record a new album. townsend credits the album
| 2,083 |
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] | 750 |
, strapping young lad, as an emotional response to the attacks of september 11, 2001, in the united states. " if the world's about to blow up, " said townsend, " let's write the soundtrack for it. " the album's lyrics were based more around fear and insecurity than the " hostile " lyrics of city. musically, strapping young lad was less industrial than city, and more reminiscent of death metal, with a " larger @ - @ than @ - @ life " rock production style. townsend cited front line assembly, grotus, and samael's passage as influences.
| 2,877 |
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",",
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] | 751 |
the self @ - @ titled album was released in february 2003. it received lukewarm reviews, with critics finding it inferior to city, but it was the band's first charting album, entering at 97th place on billboard's top heatseekers chart. while strapping young lad was being reunited, townsend formed a new, permanent band " on par with strapping " to record and tour for his solo releases. the devin townsend band consisted of brian " beav " waddell on guitar, mike young on bass, ryan van poederooyen on drums, and dave young on keyboards. townsend performed guitar, vocals
| 2,844 |
[
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] | 752 |
, and production, as he did in strapping young lad. townsend worked on the band's first album, accelerated evolution, at the same time he was working on strapping young lad, spending half the week on one and half on the other. accelerated evolution, named for the pace of putting a new band together in under a year, was released a month after strapping young lad. mike g. of metal maniacs called it " the album of the year ", praising it for " the hard @ - @ to @ - @ accomplish trick of being extreme yet accessible, simultaneously heavy'n'rockin'yet majestic and
| 2,152 |
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] | 753 |
beautiful. " prior to the formation of the devin townsend band, townsend had represented his solo releases live with the strapping young lad lineup ; the band would play one set of strapping young lad songs and one set of devin townsend songs. after the release of accelerated evolution, townsend's two bands toured separately for their separate albums. strapping young lad began working on their next album, alien, in march 2004. feeling that the band's previous album did not live up to expectations, townsend decided to take his music to a new extreme. to prepare for the new album, townsend stopped taking the medication prescribed to treat his bipolar disorder
| 2,211 |
[
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] | 754 |
. " i think that as an artist, in order for me to get to the next plateau, i kind of feel the need to explore things and sometimes that exploration leads you to places that are a little crazy, " he explains. " and alien was no exception with that. " although townsend considered the album an " impenetrable mass of technicality ", it was well received on its release, selling 3 @, @ 697 copies in its first week and appearing on several billboard charts. around this time, townsend also contributed to the soundtrack of the video game fallout : brotherhood of steel. shortly thereafter townsend began putting together the
| 2,986 |
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] | 755 |
next devin townsend band record, with the working title human. townsend intended the album as the more " pleasant " counterpart to alien. " it's basically a record about coming back down to earth after being in space with alien for a while. " the album ended up being renamed synchestra and was released in january 2006. townsend showcased a wide variety of musical styles in synchestra, blending his trademark " pop metal " with influences from folk, polka, and middle eastern music. the final strapping young lad album, the new black, was released later in 2006. = = = ziltoid the omniscient
| 2,155 |
[
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] | 756 |
and hiatus ( 2006 – 2008 ) = = = townsend withdrew from touring to spend time with his family. from home, townsend completed his second solo ambient album, the hummer, releasing it exclusively on his website in november 2006. in may 2007, townsend released ziltoid the omniscient, a tongue @ - @ in @ - @ cheek rock opera about the eponymous fictional alien. this was truly a solo album ; he programmed the drums using drumkit from hell, a software drum machine that uses samples recorded by tomas haake of meshuggah and played all other instruments himself. shortly after the album's release
| 2,494 |
[
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] | 757 |
, townsend announced that he no longer planned to tour or make albums with strapping young lad or the devin townsend band. he explained that he was " burnt out on travelling, touring, and self promotion " and wished to do production work, write albums, and spend time with his family without the stress of interviews or touring. in 2008, townsend lent his voice to characters in several episodes of the adult swim cartoon metalocalypse ( see musician cameos in metalocalypse for more ). the original character design for pickles the drummer, one of the series'main characters, bore a striking resemblance to townsend. the series '
| 2,765 |
[
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] | 758 |
co @ - @ creator brendon small acknowledged the similarity, and altered the design before the series began. " we made sure he didn't look like devin townsend. we gave him the goatee and the dreadover so he wouldn't look like that. " = = = devin townsend project ( 2008 – 2012 ) = = = after removing himself from the music industry, townsend cut his trademark hair off and gave up drinking and smoking. townsend found it " disconcerting " that he had difficulty writing music without drugs, and that he had trouble identifying his purpose as a musician. he spent a year producing albums in absence of
| 2,116 |
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"."
] | 759 |
writing, but found it unrewarding and decided to " pick up the guitar and just write ". this began a period of " self discovery " where he learned " how to create without drugs ". over two years, townsend wrote over 60 songs, and found that they fit into " four distinct styles ". in march 2009, townsend announced his plans for a four @ - @ album series called devin townsend project, with the goal of clarifying his musical identity and being " accountable " for the persona he projects to the public. the project's concept includes a different " theme " and a different group of musicians on each album.
| 2,849 |
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"##v",
"\""
] | 760 |
ki, the first album of the devin townsend project tetralogy was written to " set the stage " for the subsequent albums. townsend channelled his new @ - @ found control and sobriety into ki, a " tense, quiet " album, which contrasts with much of the music he had been known for. additional female vocals were provided by che aimee dorval ( casualties of cool ). ki was released in may 2009. the second entry, a " commercial, yet heavy " album called addicted, was released in november 2009 and features lead vocals from townsend and dutch singer anneke van giersbergen. brian " beav "
| 2,889 |
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] | 761 |
waddell was recruited from the devin townsend band to play bass. townsend returned to the stage in january 2010, touring north america with headliner between the buried and me as well as cynic and scale the summit. this was followed by a headlining tour in australia and a series of high @ - @ profile shows in europe ( for example co @ - @ headlining the brutal assault festival in czech republic ). he headlined a north american tour with uk label mates tesseract supporting, which began in october 2010, and toured in europe with support from aeon zen and anneke van giersbergen. the third and fourth albums in
| 2,766 |
[
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] | 762 |
the devin townsend project series, deconstruction and ghost, were released simultaneously on june 21, 2011. in december 2011 all four devin townsend project albums with additional material were released as the contain us box set. townsend performed all four of devin townsend project albums in london and recorded them for a dvd box set called by a thread : live in london 2011 that was released on june 18, 2012. the first three shows were held at the university of london union, november 10 – 12, 2011. ki, addicted, and deconstruction were each performed on one night, respectively. the show for ghost was held at the union chapel
| 2,765 |
[
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".",
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"3",
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"-",
"@"
] | 763 |
, islington on november 13, 2011. these four shows were each entitled " an evening with the devin townsend project ". despite the devin townsend project being originally a four @ - @ album series, townsend decided to continue working under the moniker and released the fifth album, epicloud on september 18, 2012. again featuring anneke van giersbergen on vocals, epicloud appeared on several european charts, peaking at number 8 in finland. on october 27, 2012, devin townsend performed a one @ - @ off show covering his musical career called the retinal circus at roundhouse in london. the 3 @ - @
| 2,174 |
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"\"",
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"="
] | 764 |
hour performance was recorded in high definition and released on dvd and blu @ - @ ray on september 30, 2013. also in 2012, townsend played bass on the debut bent sea album noistalgia. he also produced the record. another project townsend has mentioned several times between 2009 and 2012 is obviouser, an album featuring " creepy, bass driven apocalyptic music " created with an " ampeg rig " and an " icelandic choir ". working with many projects simultaneously at that time, townsend stated in 2012 the obviouser project is vying for pole position until " he wakes up and says'he wants to do it'". =
| 2,794 |
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] | 765 |
= = casualties of cool and z2 ( 2012 – present ) = = = after deconstruction and ghost, townsend announced a new album, casualties of cool, with which he started to work after the release of epicloud. the album features che aimee dorval ( from ki ) on vocals and morgan agren on drums. townsend described the album sounds like " haunted johnny cash songs " and " late night music ", highlighting it will be different than anything he has done before. townsend referred the music of the album to be " closest to his heart " at this point of his life, and that it is an important and
| 2,885 |
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] | 766 |
satisfying project he doesn't want to rush. the album was completed on november 2013, and a bonus disc was also made for the album, containing the leftover material from the main album as well as songs from ghost 2, the unreleased compilation of leftover tracks from ghost. originally in 2012, townsend stated that this album will be the sixth and the last album in the devin townsend project series, but he ultimately confirmed that casualties of cool is its own project. townsend also started a crowdfunding campaign through pledgemusic to support the release of the album. the funding quickly reached its goal, and all additional funds were put directly to townsend
| 2,166 |
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".",
"however"
] | 767 |
' s upcoming projects. casualties of cool was released on may 14, 2014. the album was re @ - @ issued worldwide on january 15, 2016 containing an additional dvd with live footage from the 2014 concert at the union chapel in london. from 2009, townsend worked on a long @ - @ running album project called z ², a sequel to the album ziltoid the omniscient ( 2007 ). originally in 2012, he teased he " may have just written the heaviest thing he's ever done " for the album, and told there might a surprising lack of ziltoid himself appearing on the album. however
| 2,793 |
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] | 768 |
, in august 2013, a london @ - @ based radio station teamrock radio aired the first episode of ziltoid radio, a satirical radio show hosted solely by ziltoid, this being one element of the z ² project. townsend also discussed a " ztv " or " ziltoid tv " is preceding the album. later townsend stated he has found the project hard to schedule and work with amidst touring and writing, stating " it takes a lot of effort " to keep the content with tongue @ - @ in @ - @ cheek humour entertaining. after writing ideas for over 70 songs, townsend stated he is finally
| 2,347 |
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] | 769 |
going to finish the whole project, followed by the announcement the album will be released on october 27, 2014. the recording process started in may 2014, and the final project includes the album, a ziltoid tv program and a live show, with a " big graphic novel comic " and a documentary. the album itself is a double album, with disc one being the main album and disc two featuring devin townsend project material ; according to townsend, the album's theme is " ziltoid against the world ". the devin townsend project disc is called sky blue and the ziltoid disc is called dark matters. after
| 2,792 |
[
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"13",
","
] | 770 |
finishing the album, townsend stated the project was " punishing " and an " absolute nightmare to complete " due to amount of material against tight schedules. he also described the hardship of the project by telling " if he was ever going to start drinking [ again ], the last months would have been it ", but now " he's starting to get excited again ". later, " after the chaos of finishing it had subsided ", townsend stated he is really satisfied with the result. townsend recently discussed at least a year @ - @ long hiatus, beginning after the z ² show taking place at the royal albert hall on april 13,
| 2,602 |
[
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".",
"as",
"of",
"april",
"2016"
] | 771 |
2015. during the indefinitely long break townsend intends to " recharge his batteries ", " get some inspiration and experiences " and to " see what the next chapter holds " for him. in 2014, devin recorded a'poppy sounding'song in los angeles with producer brian howes, but has decided against releasing. devin mentioned he is against the project being contrived due to the current hard rock undertones in popular music. he described it as a " lukewarm heavy metal devin song ". on december 11, 2015 townsend announced via twitter that he was recording vocals for a song by steve vai. as of april 2016
| 2,078 |
[
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",",
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",",
"black",
"metal",
"and",
"industrial",
"metal"
] | 772 |
, devin is in the middle of recording the seventh dtp album, entitled transcendence at armoury studios in vancouver. = = personal life = = townsend has been married to tracy turner, his girlfriend since he was 19. she gave birth to their first son, reyner liam johnstan townsend, on october 4, 2006. he is a vegetarian. = = musical style = = townsend designed his two main projects, the aggressive strapping young lad and his more melodic solo material, as counterparts. strapping young lad's music was a diverse mix of extreme metal genres : death metal, thrash metal, black metal and industrial metal
| 2,726 |
[
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"a"
] | 773 |
. townsend's solo material blends many genres and influences, with elements of atmospheric ambient music, hard rock and progressive rock, along with pop metal and arena rock. he described it as " a highly orchestrated type of expansive music based in hard rock and heavy metal. dense and produced with a large amount of ambient elements. " despite strapping young lad's greater mainstream acceptance, townsend identifies more with his solo material, and has never intended strapping young lad to be the focus of his music. = = = production style = = = as a self @ - @ proclaimed " fan of multitracking ", townsend has developed a
| 2,726 |
[
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".",
"he"
] | 774 |
trademark production style featuring an atmospheric, layered " wall of sound ". townsend has drawn critical praise for his productions, which " are always marked by a sense of adventure, intrigue, chaotic atmospherics and overall aural pyrotechnics ", according to mike g. of metal maniacs. townsend mainly uses pro tools to produce his music, alongside other software suites such as steinberg cubase, ableton live, and logic pro. townsend's musical ideas and production style have drawn comparisons to phil spector and frank zappa. townsend has carried out the mixing and mastering for most of his solo work himself. he
| 2,083 |
[
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"guitar",
",",
"saying"
] | 775 |
has also mixed and remixed work for other artists such as rammstein, august burns red and misery signals. townsend mainly uses open c tuning for both six and seven string guitar. he now also uses open b tuning and open b flat tuning ( open c tuning tuned a half and a whole step down respectively ) on his six string guitars. townsend's technique varies from fingerpicking, power chords and polychords to sweep @ - @ picked arpeggios and tapping techniques. he is also known for his heavy use of reverb and delay effects. he has expressed that he has no taste for shred guitar, saying
| 2,855 |
[
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",",
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",",
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"@",
"-",
"@",
"age",
"music",
",",
"z",
"##ov",
"##ie",
"##t",
"france"
] | 776 |
that " musically it doesn't do anything for me " and that he only solos when he thinks that he can within the context of the song. townsend's employs a variety of vocal techniques in his work, including screaming, growling or even falsetto. his vocal range has been noted to be over 5 octaves ( c2 to f7 ). townsend draws influence from a wide range of music genres, most prominently heavy metal. townsend has cited, among others, judas priest, w. a. s. p., frank zappa, broadway musicals, abba, new @ - @ age music, zoviet france
| 2,225 |
[
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"foe",
"##tus"
] | 777 |
, king's x, morbid angel, barkmarket, grotus, jane's addiction, metallica, cop shoot cop and fear factory as his influences, and has also expressed his admiration for meshuggah on several occasions, calling them " the best metal band on the planet ". townsend lists paul horn and ravi shankar as the " two most important musicians in his life ". the two songs that townsend credits with changing the way he thought about music are " the burning down " by king's x, and " up the beach " by jane's addiction. city was influenced by bands such as foetus
| 2,091 |
[
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"in",
"1941",
"in"
] | 778 |
and cop shoot cop, and the new black's influences were meshuggah, and " more traditional metal " like metallica. he is also influenced by orchestral and classical composers such as john williams, trevor jones and igor stravinsky. = = discography = = = zagreb synagogue = the zagreb synagogue ( croatian : zagrebacka sinagoga ) was the main place of worship for the jewish community of zagreb in modern @ - @ day croatia. it was constructed in 1867 in the kingdom of croatia @ - @ slavonia within the austrian empire, and was used until it was demolished by the fascist authorities in 1941 in
| 314 |
[
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"the"
] | 779 |
the axis @ - @ aligned independent state of croatia. the moorish revival synagogue, designed after the leopoldstadter tempel in vienna, was located on modern @ - @ day praska street. it has been the only purpose @ - @ built jewish house of worship in the history of the city. it was one of the city's most prominent public buildings, as well as one of the most esteemed examples of synagogue architecture in the region. since the 1980s, plans have been made to rebuild the synagogue in its original location. due to various political circumstances, very limited progress has been made. major disagreements exist between the
| 887 |
[
"government",
"and",
"jewish",
"organizations",
"as",
"to",
"how",
"much",
"the",
"latter",
"should",
"be",
"involved",
"in",
"decisions",
"about",
"the",
"reconstruction",
"project",
",",
"including",
"proposed",
"design",
"and",
"character",
"of",
"the",
"new",
"building",
".",
"encouraged",
"by",
"the",
"1782",
"edict",
"of",
"tolerance",
"of",
"emperor",
"joseph",
"ii",
",",
"jews",
"first",
"permanently",
"settled",
"in",
"zagreb",
"in",
"the",
"late",
"eighteenth",
"century",
",",
"and",
"founded",
"the",
"jewish",
"community",
"in",
"1806",
".",
"in",
"1809",
"the",
"jewish",
"community",
"had",
"a",
"rabbi",
",",
"and",
"by",
"1811",
"it",
"had",
"its",
"own",
"cemetery",
".",
"as",
"early",
"as",
"1833",
",",
"the",
"community",
"was",
"permitted",
"to",
"buy",
"land",
"for",
"construction",
"of",
"a",
"synagogue",
",",
"but",
"did",
"not",
"have",
"sufficient",
"money",
"to",
"finance",
"one",
"at",
"the",
"time",
".",
"by",
"1855",
",",
"the",
"community",
"had",
"grown",
"to",
"700",
"members",
"and",
",",
"on",
"october",
"30",
"of",
"that"
] | 780 |
government and jewish organizations as to how much the latter should be involved in decisions about the reconstruction project, including proposed design and character of the new building. encouraged by the 1782 edict of tolerance of emperor joseph ii, jews first permanently settled in zagreb in the late eighteenth century, and founded the jewish community in 1806. in 1809 the jewish community had a rabbi, and by 1811 it had its own cemetery. as early as 1833, the community was permitted to buy land for construction of a synagogue, but did not have sufficient money to finance one at the time. by 1855, the community had grown to 700 members and, on october 30 of that
| 720 |
[
"year",
",",
"the",
"decision",
"was",
"made",
"to",
"build",
"a",
"new",
"jewish",
"synagogue",
".",
"the",
"construction",
"committee",
",",
"appointed",
"in",
"1861",
",",
"selected",
"and",
"purchased",
"a",
"parcel",
"of",
"land",
"at",
"the",
"corner",
"of",
"maria",
"vale",
"##ria",
"street",
"(",
"now",
"pr",
"##ask",
"##a",
"street",
")",
"and",
"ban",
"je",
"##la",
"##cic",
"square",
",",
"the",
"central",
"town",
"square",
".",
"however",
",",
"a",
"new",
"urban",
"planning",
"scheme",
"of",
"1864",
"reduced",
"the",
"area",
"available",
"for",
"construction",
",",
"and",
"the",
"community",
"decided",
"to",
"buy",
"another",
"parcel",
"of",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"540",
"square",
"metres",
"(",
"16",
"@",
",",
"@",
"600",
"sq",
"ft",
")",
"in",
"maria",
"vale",
"##ria",
"street",
",",
"approximately",
"80",
"metres",
"(",
"260",
"ft",
")",
"south",
"of",
"the",
"original",
"location",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"design",
"and",
"construction",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"fran",
"##jo",
"klein",
","
] | 781 |
year, the decision was made to build a new jewish synagogue. the construction committee, appointed in 1861, selected and purchased a parcel of land at the corner of maria valeria street ( now praska street ) and ban jelacic square, the central town square. however, a new urban planning scheme of 1864 reduced the area available for construction, and the community decided to buy another parcel of 1 @, @ 540 square metres ( 16 @, @ 600 sq ft ) in maria valeria street, approximately 80 metres ( 260 ft ) south of the original location. = = = design and construction = = = franjo klein,
| 833 |
[
"a",
"vienna",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"born",
"zagreb",
"architect",
",",
"was",
"commissioned",
"to",
"build",
"the",
"synagogue",
".",
"klein",
",",
"a",
"representative",
"of",
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"historic",
"##ism",
",",
"modeled",
"the",
"building",
"on",
"the",
"vie",
"##nne",
"##se",
"leopold",
"##stadt",
"##er",
"te",
"##mp",
"##el",
"(",
"1858",
")",
",",
"a",
"moor",
"##ish",
"revival",
"temple",
"designed",
"by",
"ludwig",
"forster",
".",
"it",
"became",
"a",
"prototype",
"for",
"synagogue",
"design",
"in",
"central",
"europe",
".",
"zagreb",
"synagogue",
"used",
"the",
"already",
"developed",
"round",
"arch",
"style",
"(",
"run",
"##db",
"##ogen",
"##sti",
"##l",
")",
",",
"but",
"did",
"not",
"adopt",
"forster",
"'",
"s",
"early",
"oriental",
"motifs",
".",
"the",
"composition",
"of",
"the",
"main",
"facade",
",",
"with",
"its",
"dominant",
"drawn",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"out",
"and",
"elevated",
"projection",
"and",
"the",
"two",
"symmetrical",
"lower",
"lateral",
"parts",
",",
"reflects",
"the",
"internal",
"division",
"into",
"three",
"nave",
"##s",
".",
"at"
] | 782 |
a vienna @ - @ born zagreb architect, was commissioned to build the synagogue. klein, a representative of romantic historicism, modeled the building on the viennese leopoldstadter tempel ( 1858 ), a moorish revival temple designed by ludwig forster. it became a prototype for synagogue design in central europe. zagreb synagogue used the already developed round arch style ( rundbogenstil ), but did not adopt forster's early oriental motifs. the composition of the main facade, with its dominant drawn @ - @ out and elevated projection and the two symmetrical lower lateral parts, reflects the internal division into three naves. at
| 314 |
[
"ground",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"floor",
"level",
",",
"the",
"front",
"was",
"distinguished",
"by",
"the",
"three",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"arch",
"entrance",
"and",
"bi",
"##for",
"##a",
",",
"whereas",
"the",
"first",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"floor",
"level",
"had",
"a",
"high",
"tri",
"##for",
"##ium",
"with",
"an",
"elevated",
"arch",
"and",
"the",
"quad",
"##ri",
"##folia",
"##te",
"rose",
"##ttes",
"on",
"the",
"staircase",
"##s",
".",
"the",
"synagogue",
"occupied",
"the",
"greater",
"part",
"of",
"the",
"plot",
",",
"facing",
"west",
".",
"it",
"rec",
"##eded",
"from",
"the",
"street",
"regulation",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"line",
"in",
"accordance",
"with",
"the",
"rule",
"then",
"still",
"enforced",
"in",
"austria",
"–",
"hungary",
",",
"prohibiting",
"non",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"catholic",
"places",
"of",
"worship",
"from",
"having",
"a",
"public",
"entrance",
"from",
"the",
"street",
".",
"the",
"synagogue",
"had",
"a",
"wider",
"and",
"slightly",
"higher",
"central",
"nave",
"and",
"two",
"narrower",
"nave",
"##s",
";",
"unlike",
"forster"
] | 783 |
ground @ - @ floor level, the front was distinguished by the three @ - @ arch entrance and bifora, whereas the first @ - @ floor level had a high triforium with an elevated arch and the quadrifoliate rosettes on the staircases. the synagogue occupied the greater part of the plot, facing west. it receded from the street regulation @ - @ line in accordance with the rule then still enforced in austria – hungary, prohibiting non @ - @ catholic places of worship from having a public entrance from the street. the synagogue had a wider and slightly higher central nave and two narrower naves ; unlike forster
| 855 |
[
"'",
"s",
"synagogue",
"in",
"vienna",
",",
"it",
"did",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"basilica",
"##l",
"plan",
".",
"construction",
"began",
"in",
"1866",
"and",
"was",
"completed",
"the",
"following",
"year",
".",
"the",
"synagogue",
"was",
"officially",
"consecrated",
"on",
"september",
"27",
",",
"1867",
",",
"a",
"ceremony",
"attended",
"by",
"representatives",
"of",
"city",
"and",
"regional",
"authorities",
",",
"zagreb",
"public",
"figures",
",",
"and",
"many",
"citizens",
".",
"it",
"was",
"the",
"first",
"prominent",
"public",
"building",
"in",
"zagreb",
"'",
"s",
"lower",
"town",
",",
"and",
"its",
"architecture",
"and",
"scale",
"aroused",
"general",
"admiration",
"and",
"praise",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"19th",
"and",
"early",
"20th",
"century",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"with",
"the",
"new",
"synagogue",
",",
"an",
"organ",
"was",
"introduced",
"into",
"religious",
"service",
".",
"the",
"small",
"minority",
"of",
"orthodox",
"jews",
"found",
"this",
"change",
"to",
"be",
"into",
"##ler",
"##able",
",",
"and",
"they",
"began",
"to",
"hold",
"their",
"services",
"separately"
] | 784 |
' s synagogue in vienna, it did not have a basilical plan. construction began in 1866 and was completed the following year. the synagogue was officially consecrated on september 27, 1867, a ceremony attended by representatives of city and regional authorities, zagreb public figures, and many citizens. it was the first prominent public building in zagreb's lower town, and its architecture and scale aroused general admiration and praise. = = = 19th and early 20th century = = = with the new synagogue, an organ was introduced into religious service. the small minority of orthodox jews found this change to be intolerable, and they began to hold their services separately
| 575 |
[
",",
"in",
"rented",
"rooms",
".",
"in",
"the",
"1880",
"earthquake",
",",
"the",
"synagogue",
"suffered",
"minor",
"damage",
"and",
"was",
"repaired",
"the",
"following",
"year",
".",
"largely",
"due",
"to",
"immigration",
"from",
"hungary",
",",
"bohemia",
"and",
"mora",
"##via",
",",
"the",
"jewish",
"population",
"of",
"zagreb",
"quickly",
"grew",
"in",
"size",
":",
"from",
"1",
"@",
",",
"@",
"285",
"members",
"in",
"1887",
"to",
"3",
"@",
",",
"@",
"237",
"members",
"in",
"1900",
",",
"and",
"then",
"to",
"5",
"@",
",",
"@",
"97",
"##0",
"members",
"in",
"1921",
".",
"the",
"synagogue",
"became",
"too",
"small",
"to",
"accommodate",
"the",
"needs",
"of",
"the",
"ever",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"growing",
"community",
".",
"in",
"1921",
"a",
"renovation",
"was",
"undertaken",
"to",
"increase",
"the",
"number",
"of",
"available",
"seats",
".",
"a",
"1931",
"plan",
"to",
"increase",
"the",
"capacity",
"to",
"94",
"##4",
"seats",
"was",
"ultimately",
"abandoned",
".",
"a",
"central",
"heating",
"system",
"was"
] | 785 |
, in rented rooms. in the 1880 earthquake, the synagogue suffered minor damage and was repaired the following year. largely due to immigration from hungary, bohemia and moravia, the jewish population of zagreb quickly grew in size : from 1 @, @ 285 members in 1887 to 3 @, @ 237 members in 1900, and then to 5 @, @ 970 members in 1921. the synagogue became too small to accommodate the needs of the ever @ - @ growing community. in 1921 a renovation was undertaken to increase the number of available seats. a 1931 plan to increase the capacity to 944 seats was ultimately abandoned. a central heating system was
| 588 |
[
"installed",
"in",
"1933",
".",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"demolition",
"during",
"world",
"war",
"ii",
"=",
"=",
"=",
"during",
"the",
"1941",
"collapse",
"of",
"the",
"kingdom",
"of",
"yugoslavia",
"under",
"the",
"axis",
"invasion",
"in",
"the",
"april",
"war",
",",
"the",
"independent",
"state",
"of",
"croatia",
"was",
"created",
".",
"it",
"was",
"ruled",
"by",
"the",
"extreme",
"nationalist",
"us",
"##tas",
"##a",
"regime",
".",
"the",
"us",
"##tas",
"##a",
"quickly",
"started",
"with",
"the",
"systematic",
"persecution",
"of",
"the",
"jews",
",",
"modeled",
"after",
"the",
"nazi",
"germany",
"approach",
",",
"and",
"at",
"times",
"even",
"more",
"brutal",
".",
"racial",
"laws",
"were",
"introduced",
",",
"jewish",
"property",
"was",
"confiscated",
",",
"and",
"the",
"jews",
"were",
"subjected",
"to",
"mass",
"arrests",
"and",
"deportation",
"##s",
"to",
"death",
"camps",
"in",
"croatia",
"and",
"abroad",
".",
"in",
"october",
"1941",
",",
"the",
"newly",
"installed",
"mayor",
"of",
"zagreb",
",",
"ivan",
"werner",
",",
"issued",
"a",
"decree",
"ordering"
] | 786 |
installed in 1933. = = = demolition during world war ii = = = during the 1941 collapse of the kingdom of yugoslavia under the axis invasion in the april war, the independent state of croatia was created. it was ruled by the extreme nationalist ustasa regime. the ustasa quickly started with the systematic persecution of the jews, modeled after the nazi germany approach, and at times even more brutal. racial laws were introduced, jewish property was confiscated, and the jews were subjected to mass arrests and deportations to death camps in croatia and abroad. in october 1941, the newly installed mayor of zagreb, ivan werner, issued a decree ordering
| 1,184 |
[
"the",
"demolition",
"of",
"the",
"pr",
"##ask",
"##a",
"street",
"synagogue",
",",
"ostensibly",
"because",
"it",
"did",
"not",
"fit",
"into",
"the",
"city",
"'",
"s",
"master",
"plan",
".",
"the",
"demolition",
"began",
"on",
"october",
"10",
",",
"1941",
",",
"proceeding",
"slowly",
"so",
"as",
"not",
"to",
"damage",
"the",
"adjacent",
"buildings",
";",
"it",
"was",
"finished",
"by",
"april",
"1942",
".",
"the",
"whole",
"process",
"was",
"photographed",
"for",
"propaganda",
"purposes",
",",
"and",
"the",
"photographs",
"were",
"shown",
"to",
"the",
"public",
"at",
"an",
"anti",
"##se",
"##mit",
"##ic",
"exhibition",
"first",
"held",
"in",
"zagreb",
".",
"it",
"was",
"also",
"shown",
"in",
"dub",
"##rov",
"##nik",
",",
"karl",
"##ova",
"##c",
",",
"sarajevo",
",",
"vu",
"##kova",
"##r",
"and",
"ze",
"##mun",
",",
"as",
"an",
"illustration",
"of",
"the",
"\"",
"solution",
"of",
"the",
"jewish",
"question",
"in",
"croatia",
"\"",
".",
"a",
"fragment",
"of",
"the",
"film",
"footage",
"of",
"the",
"demolition",
"was",
"discovered"
] | 787 |
the demolition of the praska street synagogue, ostensibly because it did not fit into the city's master plan. the demolition began on october 10, 1941, proceeding slowly so as not to damage the adjacent buildings ; it was finished by april 1942. the whole process was photographed for propaganda purposes, and the photographs were shown to the public at an antisemitic exhibition first held in zagreb. it was also shown in dubrovnik, karlovac, sarajevo, vukovar and zemun, as an illustration of the " solution of the jewish question in croatia ". a fragment of the film footage of the demolition was discovered
| 888 |
[
"five",
"decades",
"later",
"by",
"the",
"film",
"director",
"lord",
"##an",
"za",
"##fra",
"##nov",
"##ic",
"during",
"research",
"for",
"his",
"1993",
"documentary",
"feature",
",",
"decline",
"of",
"the",
"century",
":",
"testimony",
"of",
"l",
".",
"z",
".",
";",
"41",
"seconds",
"of",
"the",
"film",
"survives",
".",
"this",
"footage",
"was",
"also",
"shown",
"in",
"mira",
"wolf",
"'",
"s",
"documentary",
",",
"the",
"zagreb",
"synagogue",
"1867",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"1942",
"(",
"1996",
")",
",",
"produced",
"by",
"croatian",
"radio",
"##tel",
"##ev",
"##ision",
".",
"the",
"synagogue",
"'",
"s",
"eight",
"valuable",
"torah",
"scrolls",
"were",
"saved",
"due",
"to",
"an",
"intervention",
"by",
"leonardo",
"gr",
"##iv",
"##ici",
"##c",
",",
"an",
"entrepreneur",
"and",
"industrialist",
"who",
"lived",
"next",
"door",
"from",
"mile",
"bud",
"##ak",
",",
"a",
"minister",
"in",
"the",
"us",
"##tas",
"##a",
"government",
".",
"he",
"was",
"also",
"close",
"to",
"po",
"##gl",
"##av",
"##nik",
"ant",
"##e",
"pavel",
"##ic"
] | 788 |
five decades later by the film director lordan zafranovic during research for his 1993 documentary feature, decline of the century : testimony of l. z. ; 41 seconds of the film survives. this footage was also shown in mira wolf's documentary, the zagreb synagogue 1867 @ - @ 1942 ( 1996 ), produced by croatian radiotelevision. the synagogue's eight valuable torah scrolls were saved due to an intervention by leonardo grivicic, an entrepreneur and industrialist who lived next door from mile budak, a minister in the ustasa government. he was also close to poglavnik ante pavelic
| 314 |
[
"and",
"the",
"third",
"reich",
"'",
"s",
"ambassador",
"to",
"croatia",
",",
"edmund",
"g",
"##laise",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"horst",
"##ena",
"##u",
".",
"although",
"gr",
"##iv",
"##ici",
"##c",
"did",
"not",
"have",
"a",
"significant",
"political",
"role",
"in",
"the",
"independent",
"state",
"of",
"croatia",
",",
"he",
"was",
"considered",
"trust",
"##worthy",
".",
"on",
"october",
"9",
",",
"1941",
",",
"he",
"learned",
"about",
"the",
"regime",
"'",
"s",
"plan",
"to",
"start",
"the",
"demolition",
"of",
"the",
"synagogue",
"on",
"the",
"following",
"morning",
".",
"by",
"that",
"evening",
",",
"gr",
"##iv",
"##ici",
"##c",
"secretly",
"relay",
"##ed",
"the",
"information",
"to",
"the",
"synagogue",
"'",
"s",
"chief",
"cantor",
",",
"gr",
"##une",
"##r",
",",
"and",
"during",
"the",
"night",
",",
"the",
"torah",
"scrolls",
"were",
"moved",
"to",
"safety",
".",
"shortly",
"after",
"the",
"destruction",
"of",
"the",
"synagogue",
",",
"the",
"catholic",
"archbishop",
"of",
"zagreb",
"al",
"##oys",
"##ius",
"step",
"##ina",
"##c"
] | 789 |
and the third reich's ambassador to croatia, edmund glaise @ - @ horstenau. although grivicic did not have a significant political role in the independent state of croatia, he was considered trustworthy. on october 9, 1941, he learned about the regime's plan to start the demolition of the synagogue on the following morning. by that evening, grivicic secretly relayed the information to the synagogue's chief cantor, gruner, and during the night, the torah scrolls were moved to safety. shortly after the destruction of the synagogue, the catholic archbishop of zagreb aloysius stepinac
| 314 |
[
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"a",
"ho",
"##mi",
"##ly",
"in",
"which",
"he",
"said",
":",
"\"",
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",",
"and",
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".",
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"and",
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".",
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".",
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",",
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"were",
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"by",
"ivo",
"k",
"##raus",
".",
"he",
"pulled",
"them",
"from",
"the",
"rubble",
"shortly",
"after",
"the",
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"of",
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"war",
"ii",
".",
"the",
"wash",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"basin",
"and",
"the",
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"tables",
"are",
"now",
"in",
"the",
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"city",
"museum",
".",
"the",
"column",
"fragments",
"are",
"kept",
"by",
"the",
"jewish",
"community"
] | 790 |
delivered a homily in which he said : " a house of god of any faith is a holy thing, and whoever harms it will pay with their lives. in this world and the next they will be punished. ". the only surviving fragments of the building — the wash @ - @ basin and two memorial tables from the forecourt, as well as some parts of a column — were saved by ivo kraus. he pulled them from the rubble shortly after the end of world war ii. the wash @ - @ basin and the memorial tables are now in the zagreb city museum. the column fragments are kept by the jewish community
| 862 |
[
"of",
"zagreb",
".",
"=",
"=",
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"efforts",
"=",
"=",
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",",
"and",
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"-",
"@",
"war",
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".",
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"regime",
"national",
"##ized",
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"all",
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"estate",
"owned",
"by",
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",",
"including",
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"pr",
"##ask",
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"all",
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",",
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"'",
"s",
"general",
"hostility",
"toward",
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",",
"made",
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"of",
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"nearly",
"impossible",
".",
"after",
"world",
"war",
"ii",
",",
"the",
"vacant",
"site",
"of",
"the",
"former",
"synagogue",
"was"
] | 791 |
of zagreb. = = reconstruction efforts = = only one in five croatian jews survived the holocaust of world war ii. between 1948 and 1952, nearly one half of the surviving members of jewish community of zagreb opted for emigration to israel, and the community dropped to one @ - @ tenth of its pre @ - @ war membership. the yugoslav communist regime nationalized virtually all real estate owned by the jewish community of zagreb, including the plot in praska street. all this, combined with the new regime's general hostility toward religion, made reconstruction of the synagogue nearly impossible. after world war ii, the vacant site of the former synagogue was
| 720 |
[
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"makeshift",
"volleyball",
"court",
".",
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"court",
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"##fa",
"##bri",
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",",
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"1959",
".",
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"in",
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"december",
"31",
",",
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",",
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"despite",
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"on",
"the",
"same",
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",",
"and",
"a",
"1977",
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"for",
"its",
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",",
"no",
"construction",
"took",
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".",
"instead",
",",
"the",
"parcel",
"was",
"turned",
"into",
"a",
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"lot",
",",
"which",
"it",
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"this",
"day",
".",
"after",
"1986",
",",
"the",
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"of",
"zagreb",
"began",
"to",
"consider",
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"cultural",
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"and",
"a",
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"synagogue",
".",
"two",
"architects",
",",
"bran",
"##ko",
"si",
"##la",
"##đ",
"##in",
"and",
"boris",
"mor",
"##san",
",",
"both"
] | 792 |
used as a makeshift volleyball court. the volleyball court made way for a prefabricated department store building, constructed in 1959. the department store was completely destroyed in a fire on december 31, 1980, and was subsequently dismantled. despite some earlier ideas about a permanent department store building on the same spot, and a 1977 architecture competition for its design, no construction took place. instead, the parcel was turned into a parking lot, which it remains to this day. after 1986, the jewish community of zagreb began to consider a jewish cultural center and a memorial synagogue. two architects, branko silađin and boris morsan, both
| 824 |
[
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",",
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",",
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"and",
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",",
"the",
"iss",
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"the",
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"government",
".",
"the",
"project",
"was",
"not",
"developed",
".",
"by",
"the",
"autumn",
"of",
"1990",
",",
"after",
"the",
"first",
"democratic",
"elections",
"in",
"croatia",
",",
"the",
"municipal",
"government",
"finally",
"approved",
"the",
"project",
"."
] | 793 |
of whom participated in the failed 1977 department store competition, came forward on their own accord and contributed their ideas for a new jewish center in praska street. silađin's vision was ultimately not accepted by the jewish community ; instead, plans were being made for the construction of the cultural center and a synagogue, following an international architecture competition. however, despite support for the project both within yugoslavia and abroad, the issuance of necessary permits was either stalled or denied by the municipal government. the project was not developed. by the autumn of 1990, after the first democratic elections in croatia, the municipal government finally approved the project.
| 1,228 |
[
"an",
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"##đ",
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",",
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",",
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",",
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"##en",
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",",
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"of",
"independence",
".",
"in",
"the",
"meantime",
",",
"the",
"jewish",
"community",
"of"
] | 794 |
an architectural competition was planned for january 1991. political turmoil in the country, followed by the breakup of yugoslavia and the croatian war of independence ( 1991 – 1995 ), caused the project to be put on hold again. in 1994 president of croatia franjo tuđman said to jakov bienenfeld, council member of the zagreb jewish community, that they should build the new synagogue at the site of the former synagogue, which will be funded by the croatian government. bienenfeld declined the offer believing to be inappropriate when 1800 catholic churches are left destroyed at the time, during croatian war of independence. in the meantime, the jewish community of
| 1,184 |
[
"zagreb",
"sought",
"to",
"legally",
"re",
"##ac",
"##qui",
"##re",
"its",
"property",
".",
"the",
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"den",
"##ation",
"##ali",
"##zation",
"law",
"was",
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"1996",
",",
"and",
"the",
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"##a",
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"31",
",",
"1999",
".",
"by",
"2000",
",",
"reconstruction",
"activities",
"were",
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"##vi",
"##gor",
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".",
"an",
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"and",
"the",
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"2004",
"and",
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"2004",
".",
"the",
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"was",
"planned",
"for",
"2005",
".",
"however",
",",
"a",
"2005",
"rift",
"in",
"the",
"jewish",
"community",
"of",
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"resulted",
"in",
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"of",
"a",
"splinter",
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"community",
",",
"bet",
"israel",
",",
"led",
"by",
"ivo",
"and",
"sl",
"##av",
"##ko",
"goldstein",
".",
"in",
"september",
"2006",
",",
"the",
"government",
"of",
"croatia",
"formed",
"a"
] | 795 |
zagreb sought to legally reacquire its property. the croatian denationalization law was enacted in 1996, and the praska street parcel was finally returned to the community on december 31, 1999. by 2000, reconstruction activities were invigorated again. an investment study was submitted to the government of croatia and the city of zagreb in july 2004 and revised in october 2004. the architecture competition was planned for 2005. however, a 2005 rift in the jewish community of zagreb resulted in formation of a splinter jewish community, bet israel, led by ivo and slavko goldstein. in september 2006, the government of croatia formed a
| 720 |
[
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".",
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",",
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",",
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".",
"as",
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",",
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",",
"og",
"##n",
"##je",
"##n",
"k",
"##raus",
",",
"refused",
"further",
"participation",
"in",
"the",
"project",
"under",
"the",
"set",
"conditions"
] | 796 |
construction workgroup. it was decided that the project, estimated at the time at hrk 173 million ( us $ 30 million ), would be partially financed by the government of croatia and the city of zagreb, and that both jewish organizations should be represented in the workgroup. however, the involvement of bet israel was deemed unacceptable by the jewish community of zagreb, which is the sole owner of the praska street property, and which also sees itself as the sole legal representative of the zagreb jewish community. as a consequence, the community and its president, ognjen kraus, refused further participation in the project under the set conditions
| 720 |
[
".",
"further",
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".",
"fa",
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"##le",
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",",
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",",
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"while",
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",",
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",",
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".",
"opinions",
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",",
"urban",
"planners",
",",
"and",
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"were",
"also",
"divided",
"along",
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".",
"in",
"2014",
"and",
"2015",
",",
"the",
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"presented",
"new",
"plans",
"for",
"a",
"10",
"@",
",",
"@",
"600",
"m2",
"("
] | 797 |
. further disagreements existed about the design and character of the new building. facsimile reconstruction, while feasible, was not seriously contemplated. there was a general agreement that the new building should also have a cultural as well as commercial purpose. while the jewish community of zagreb envisioned a modern design reminiscent of the original synagogue, the bet israel advocated building a replica of the original synagogue's facade, perceiving it as having a powerful symbolism. opinions of architects, urban planners, and art historians were also divided along similar lines. in 2014 and 2015, the jewish community of zagreb presented new plans for a 10 @, @ 600 m2 (
| 720 |
[
"114",
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"=",
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",",
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".",
"the",
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"at",
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"as",
"a",
"category",
"2",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"equivalent",
"hurricane",
"on",
"the"
] | 798 |
114 @, @ 000 sq ft ) multi @ - @ purpose jewish center and synagogue in praska street. = 1806 great coastal hurricane = the 1806 great coastal hurricane was a severe and damaging storm along the east coast of the united states which produced upwards of 36 in ( 91 cm ) of rainfall in parts of massachusetts. first observed east of the lesser antilles on 17 august, the hurricane arrived at the bahamas by 19 august. the disturbance continued to drift northward and made landfall at the mouth of the cape fear river in north carolina on 22 august. the storm soon moved out to sea as a category 2 @ - @ equivalent hurricane on the
| 1,891 |
[
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"a",
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"the",
"hurricane",
"occurred",
"aboard",
"the",
"rose",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"in",
"@",
"-",
"@",
"bloom",
"offshore",
"of",
"barn",
"##ega",
"##t",
"inlet",
",",
"new",
"jersey",
",",
"with",
"21",
"of",
"the",
"ship",
"'",
"s",
"48",
"passengers"
] | 799 |
saffir – simpson hurricane wind scale, persisting off of new england before dissipating south of nova scotia on 25 august as a markedly weaker storm. several french and british military ships were damaged out at sea. in the carolinas, salt, sugar, rice, and lumber industries suffered considerably, and several individuals were killed. wharves and vessels endured moderate damage, with many ships wrecked on north carolinan barrier islands. a majority of the deaths caused by the hurricane occurred aboard the rose @ - @ in @ - @ bloom offshore of barnegat inlet, new jersey, with 21 of the ship's 48 passengers
| 1,892 |
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