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] |
Nonlinear Meissner Effect in CuO Superconductors
|
Recent theories of the NMR in the CuO superconductors are based on a spin-singlet $d_{x^2-y^2}$ order parameter. Since this state has nodal lines on the Fermi surface, nonlinear effects associated with low-energy quasiparticles become important, particularly at low temperatures. We show that the field-dependence of the supercurrent, below the nucleation field for vortices, can be used to locate the positions of the nodal lines of an unconventional gap in momentum space, and hence test the proposed $d_{x^2-y^2}$ state.
|
S.K. Yip and J.A. Sauls
|
cond-mat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207021
|
cond-mat/9207022
|
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] |
Cluster Algorithm for a Solid-On-Solid Model with Constraints
|
We adapt the VMR (valleys-to-mountains reflections) algorithm, originally devised by us for simulations of SOS models, to the BCSOS model. It is the first time that a cluster algorithm is used for a model with constraints. The performance of this new algorithm is studied in detail in both phases of the model, including a finite size scaling analysis of the autocorrelations.
|
M. Hasenbusch, G. Lana, M. Marcu and K. Pinn
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207022
|
cond-mat/9207023
|
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] |
Melting a copper cluster: Critical droplet theory
|
We simulate the melting of a 71 A diameter cluster of Cu. At low temperatures the crystal exhibits facets. With increasing temperatures the open facets pre-melt, the melted regions coalesce into a liquid envelope containing a crystalline nucleus, and the nucleus finally goes unstable to the supercooled liquid. Using critical droplet theory and experimental data for Cu, we explain the thermodynamics of the coexistence region. The width of the transition scales as (Number of particles) to the power (-1/4).
|
Ole H. Nielsen, James P. Sethna, Per Stoltze, Karsten W. Jacobsen and Jens K. Norskov (Technical University of Denmark, Ly...
|
cond-mat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207023
|
cond-mat/9207024
|
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] |
Zero Frequency Current Noise for the Double Tunnel Junction Coulomb Blockade
|
We compute the zero frequency current noise numerically and in several limits analytically for the coulomb blockade problem consisting of two tunnel junctions connected in series. At low temperatures over a wide range of voltages, capacitances, and resistances it is shown that the noise measures the variance in the number of electrons in the region between the two tunnel junctions. The average current, on the other hand, only measures the mean number of electrons. Thus, the noise provides additional information about transport in these devices which is not available from measuring the current alone.
|
Selman Hershfield, John H. Davies, Per Hyldgaard, Christopher J. Stanton, and John W. Wilkins
|
cond-mat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207024
|
cond-mat/9207025
|
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] |
Chern-Simons superconductivity
|
We argue that a simple Yukawa coupling between the $O(3)$ nonlinear $\s$-model and charged Dirac fermions leads, after one-loop quantum corrections, to a Meissner effect, in the disordered phase of the nonlinear $\s$-model.
|
D. Senechal
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207025
|
cond-mat/9207026
|
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] |
Critical exponents of the degenerate Hubbard model
|
We study the critical behaviour of the \SUN{} generalization of the one-dimensional Hubbard model with arbitrary degeneracy $N$. Using the integrability of this model by Bethe Ansatz we are able to compute the spectrum of the low-lying excitations in a large but finite box for arbitrary values of the electron density and of the Coulomb interaction. This information is used to determine the asymptotic behaviour of correlation functions at zero temperature in the presence of external fields lifting the degeneracy. The critical exponents depend on the system parameters through a $N\times N$ dressed charge matrix implying the relevance of the interaction of charge- and spin-density waves.
|
Holger Frahm and Andreas Schadschneider
|
cond-mat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207026
|
cond-mat/9207027
|
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] |
Critical Behavior of Charge Density Waves Below Threshold: Numerical and Scaling Analysis
|
The critical behavior of pinned charge density waves (CDW's) is studied as the threshold for sliding is approached. Using the Fukuyama-Lee-Rice Hamiltonian with relaxational dynamics, the polarization and linear response are calculated numerically. ... On the irreversible approach to threshold, the response due to avalanches triggered by local instabilities dominates the polarizability, which diverges in one and two dimensions. Characteristic diverging length scales are studied using finite-size scaling of the sample-to-sample variations of the threshold field in finite systems and finite-size effects in the linear polarizability and the irreversible polarization. A dominant diverging correlation length is found which controls the threshold field distribution, finite-size effects in the irreversible polarization, and a cutoff size for the avalanche size distribution. Our results are compared with those for related models and questions are raised concerning the relationship of the static critical behavior below threshold to the dynamic critical behavior in the sliding state above threshold.
|
Daniel S. Fisher and A. Alan Middleton
|
cond-mat
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207027
|
cond-mat/9207028
|
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] |
Crystallography Without Periodicity
|
Text of a talk given at the International Colloquium on Group Theoretic Methods in Physics, Salamanca, July, 1992. Another futile attempt to persuade the world that space groups can be fun.
|
N. David Mermin
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
July
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9207028
|
cond-mat/9208001
|
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] |
Pressure Dependence of the Elastic Moduli in Aluminum Rich Al-Li Compounds
|
I have carried out numerical first principles calculations of the pressure dependence of the elastic moduli for several ordered structures in the Aluminum-Lithium system, specifically FCC Al, FCC and BCC Li, L1_2 Al_3Li, and an ordered FCC Al_7Li supercell. The calculations were performed using the full potential linear augmented plane wave method (LAPW) to calculate the total energy as a function of strain, after which the data was fit to a polynomial function of the strain to determine the modulus. A procedure for estimating the errors in this process is also given. The predicted equilibrium lattice parameters are slightly smaller than found experimentally, consistent with other LDA calculations. The computed elastic moduli are within approximately 10% of the experimentally measured moduli, provided the calculations are carried out at the experimental lattice constant. The LDA equilibrium shear modulus C11-C12 increases from 59.3 GPa in Al, to 76.0 GPa in Al_7Li, to 106.2 GPa in Al_3Li. The modulus C_44 increases from 38.4 GPa in Al to 46.1 GPa in Al_7Li, then falls to 40.7 GPa in Al_3Li. All of the calculated elastic moduli increase with pressure with the exception of BCC Li, which becomes elastically unstable at about 2 GPa, where C_11-C_12 vanishes.
|
Michael J. Mehl
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208001
|
cond-mat/9208002
|
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] |
Transport Properties of the Infinite Dimensional Hubbard Model
|
Results for the optical conductivity and resistivity of the Hubbard model in infinite spatial dimensions are presented. At half filling we observe a gradual crossover from a normal Fermi-liquid with a Drude peak at $\omega=0$ in the optical conductivity to an insulator as a function of $U$ for temperatures above the antiferromagnetic phase transition. When doped, the ``insulator'' becomes a Fermi-liquid with a corresponding temperature dependence of the optical conductivity and resistivity. We find a $T^2$-coefficient in the low temperature resistivity which suggests that the carriers in the system acquire a considerable mass-enhancement due to the strong local correlations. At high temperatures, a crossover into a semi-metallic regime takes place.
|
Th. Pruschke, D.L. Cox and M. Jarrell
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208002
|
cond-mat/9208003
|
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] |
Complexity and criticality in Laplacian growth models
|
We analyze the dynamical evolution of systems which obey simple growth laws, like diffusion limited aggregation or dielectric breakdown. We show that, if the developing patterns is sufficiently complex, a scale invariant noise spectrum is generated, in agreement with the hypothesis that the system is in a self organized critical state. The intrinsic noise generated in the evolution is shown to be independent of the (extrinsic) stochastic aspects of the growth. Instead, it is related to the complexity of the generated pattern.
|
F. Guinea, O. Pla and E. Louis
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208003
|
cond-mat/9208004
|
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] |
The Electronic Spectrum of Fullerenes from the Dirac Equation
|
The electronic spectrum of sheets of graphite (plane honeycomb lattice) folded into regular polihedra is studied. A continuum limit valid for sufficiently large molecules and based on a tight binding approximation is derived. It is found that a Dirac equation describes the flat graphite lattice. Curving the lattice by insertion of odd numbered rings can be mimicked by coupling effective gauge fields. In particular the $C_{60}$ and related molecules are well described by the Dirac equation on the surface of a sphere coupled to a color monopole sitting at its center.
|
J. Gonz\'alez, F. Guinea and M.A.H. Vozmediano
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208004
|
cond-mat/9208005
|
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] |
Topological Aspects of Spin and Statistics in Nonlinear Sigma Models
|
We study the purely topological restrictions on allowed spin and statistics of topological solitons in nonlinear sigma models. Taking as space the connected $d$-manifold $X$, and considering nonlinear sigma models with the connected manifold $M$ as target space, topological solitons are given by elements of $pi_d(M)$. Any topological soliton $\alpha \in \pi_d(M)$ determines a quotient $\Stat_n(X,\alpha)$ of the group of framed braids on $X$, such that choices of allowed statistics for solitons of type $\alpha$ are given by unitary representations of $\Stat_n(X,\alpha)$ when $n$ solitons are present. In particular, when $M = S^2$, as in the $O(3)$ nonlinear sigma model with Hopf term, and $\alpha \in \pi_2(S^2)$ is a generator, we compute that $\Stat_n(\R^2,\alpha) = \Z$, while $\Stat_n(S^2,\alpha) = \Z_{2n}$. It follows that phase $\exp(i\theta)$ for interchanging two solitons of type $\alpha$ on $S^2$ must satisfy the constraint $\theta = k\pi/n$, $k \in \Z$, when $n$ such solitons are present.
|
John Baez, Micheal Ody and William Richter
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208005
|
cond-mat/9208006
|
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] |
The Hubbard Model at Infinite Dimensions: Thermodynamic and Transport Properties
|
We present results on thermodynamic quantities, resistivity and optical conductivity for the Hubbard model on a simple hypercubic lattice in infinite dimensions. Our results for the paramagnetic phase display the features expected from an intuitive analysis of the one-particle spectra and substantiate the similarity of the physics of the Hubbard model to those of heavy fermion systems. The calculations were performed using an approximate solution to the single-impurity Anderson model, which is the key quantity entering the solution of the Hubbard model in this limit. To establish the quality of this approximation we compare its results, together with those obtained from two other widely used methods, to essentially exact quantum Monte Carlo results.
|
Th. Pruschke, D.L. Cox and M. Jarrell
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208006
|
cond-mat/9208007
|
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] |
Selection Rules for Two Channel Kondo Models of U and Ce ions in Metals
|
Symmetry based selection rules are developed providing minimal criteria for the existence of two-channel Kondo interactions between conduction electrons and the low energy degrees of freedom on U$^{4+}$ and Ce$^{3+}$ in a metal host, assuming that the underlying microscopics are regulated by the Anderson Hamiltonian. An additional dynamic selection rule is imposed on Ce$^{3+}$ ions. The selection rules restrict the two-channel quadrupolar Kondo effect to U$^{4+}$ ions in cubic, tetragonal, and hexagonal symmetry. For hexagonal and tetragonal symmetry, the Kondo effect for a U$^{4+}$ ion will always be quadrupolar. The selection rules for Ce$^{3+}$ ions restrict the two-channel magnetic Kondo effect to one of three possible doublet ionic ground states in hexagonal symmetry and the lone doublet ionic ground state in cubic symmetry. The dynamical selection rule apparently excludes two-channel Kondo behavior for Yb$^{3+}$ ions.
|
D.L. Cox (Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA)
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208007
|
cond-mat/9208008
|
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] |
Multiple jumps and vacancy diffusion in a face-centered cubic metal
|
The diffusion of monovacancies in gold has been studied by computer simulation. Multiple jumps have been found to play a central role in the atomic dynamics at high temperature, and have been shown to be responsible for an upward curvature in the Arrhenius plot of the diffusion coefficient. Appropriate saddle points on the potential energy surface have been found, supporting the interpretation of vacancy multiple jumps as distinct migration mechanisms.
|
G. De Lorenzi and F. Ercolessi
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208008
|
cond-mat/9208009
|
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] |
Band Structure of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
|
The eigenstates of interacting electrons in the fractional quantum Hall phase typically form fairly well defined bands in the energy space. We show that the composite fermion theory gives insight into the origin of these bands and provides an accurate and complete microscopic description of the strongly correlated many-body states in the low-energy bands. Thus, somewhat like in Landau's fermi liquid theory, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the low energy Hilbert space of strongly interacting electrons in the fractinal quantum Hall regime and that of weakly interacting electrons in the integer quantum Hall regime.
|
G. Dev and J.K. Jain
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208009
|
cond-mat/9208010
|
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] |
Dynamic Scaling of Coupled Nonequilibrium Interfaces
|
We propose a simple discrete model to study the nonequilibrium fluctuations of two locally coupled 1+1 dimensional systems (interfaces). Measuring numerically the tilt-dependent velocity we construct a set of stochastic continuum equations describing the fluctuations in the model The scaling predicted by the equations are studied analytically using dynamic renormalization group and compared with simulation results. When the coupling is symmetric, the well known KPZ exponents are recovered. If one of the systems is fluctuating independently, an increase in the roughness exponent is observed for the other one.
|
Albert-L\'aszl\'o Barab\'asi
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208010
|
cond-mat/9208011
|
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] |
Destructive quantum interference in spin tunneling problems
|
In some spin tunneling problems, there are several different but symmetry-related tunneling paths that connect the same initial and final configurations. The topological phase factors of the corresponding tunneling amplitudes can lead to destructive interference between the different paths, so that the total tunneling amplitude is zero. In the study of tunneling between different ground state configurations of the Kagom\'{e}-lattice quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet, this occurs when the spin $s$ is half-odd-integer.
|
Jan von Delft and Christopher L. Henley (Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY)
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208011
|
cond-mat/9208012
|
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] |
Suppression of tunneling by interference in half-integer--spin particles
|
Within a wide class of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic systems, quantum tunneling of magnetization direction is spin-parity dependent: it vanishes for magnetic particles with half-integer spin, but is allowed for integer spin. A coherent-state path integral calculation shows that this topological effect results from interference between tunneling paths.
|
Daniel Loss, David P. DiVincenzo, and G. Grinstein (IBM)
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208012
|
cond-mat/9208013
|
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] |
Effect of Matrix Elements on the Pairing Kernel in Exchange Mediated Superconductors
|
A method is derived for calculating the pairing kernel in exchange mediated superconductors including matrix element effects. Various models for the interaction vertex are considered, including spin exchange, orbital exchange, and quadrupolar exchange. As an example, this formalism is applied to $UPt_3$ using relativistic wavefunctions from a local density band calculation.
|
M. R. Norman
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208013
|
cond-mat/9208014
|
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] |
Electron focusing, mode spectroscopy and mass enhancement in small GaAs/AlGaAs rings
|
A new electron focusing effect has been discovered in small single and coupled GaAs/AlGaAs rings. The focusing in the single ring is attributed solely to internal orbits. The focusing effect allows the ring to be used as a small mass spectrometer. The focusing causes peaks in the magnetoresistance at low fields, and the peak positions were used to study the dispersion relation of the one-dimensional magnetoelectric subbands. The electron effective mass increases with the applied magnetic field by a factor of $50$, at a magnetic field of $0.5T$. This is the first time this increase has been measured directly. General agreement obtains between the experiment and the subband calculations for straight channels.
|
J Liu, K Ismail, KY Lee, JM Hong and S Washburn
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208014
|
cond-mat/9208015
|
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] |
Number of solutions of the TAP equations for p--spin interaction spin glasses
|
The number $\langle N_s\rangle$ of solutions of the equations of Thouless, Anderson and Palmer for p--spin interaction spin glass models is calculated. Below a critical temperature $T_c$ this number becomes exponentially large, as it is in the SK--model ($p=2$). But in contrast to this, for any $p>2$ the factor $\alpha(T)=N^{-1} \ln\langle N_s\rangle$ jumps discontinuously at $T_c(p)$, which is consistent with the discontinuity occuring within the mean--field theory for these models. For zero temperature the results obtained by Gross and M\'ezard are reproduced, and for $p\rightarrow\infty$ one gets the result for the random energy model.
|
H. Rieger
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208015
|
cond-mat/9208016
|
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] |
Invariants of the Haldane-Shastry $SU(N)$ Chain
|
Using a formalism developed by Polychronakos, we explicitly construct a set of invariants of the motion for the Haldane-Shastry $SU(N)$ chain.
|
Michael Fowler and Joseph A. Minahan
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208016
|
cond-mat/9208017
|
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] |
Non-Gaussian distribution in Random advection dynamics
|
Simulations of vortex tube dynamics reveal that the non-Gaussian nature of turbulent fluctuation originates in the effect of random advection. A similar non-Gaussian distribution is found numerically in a simplified statistical model of random advection. An analytical solution is obtained in the mean-field case.
|
Y-h. Taguchi and Hideki Takayasu
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208017
|
cond-mat/9208018
|
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] |
Homogeneous Isotropic Fluid Turbulence Simulated with the Lattice Vortex Tube Model
|
Fully developed turbulence is analised with the lattice model employing vortex tube representation which is introduced recently by the authors. Several characteric features observed in experiments and direct numeric integrations are reproduced. Not only Kolmogorov's inertial range is observed, but also several local probability distribution functions are obtained as well. Those of the local velocities are close to the Gaussian and exponential-like distributions appear in local vorticity, relative velocities and local velocity consisting of only higher wave number components. Coherent structure of vortex tubes is seen, too. Moreover required cpu-time and memory-size are very little comparing with the conventional pseudo-spectral method. keywords : fluid turbulence, vortex tube, lattice model, numerical technic.
|
Y-h. Taguchi and Hideki Takayasu
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208018
|
cond-mat/9208019
|
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] |
Dimerization and Energy-Level Structures in Fullerene Tubules Investigated with an Electron-Phonon Model
|
Possible dimerization patterns and electronic structures in fullerene tubules as the \pi-conjugated systems are studied with the extended Su-Schrieffer- Heeger model. We assume various lattice geometries, including helical and nonhelical tubules, and tubules with end caps. The model is solved for the half-filling case of \pi-electrons. (1) When the undimerized systems do not have a gap, the Kekul\'{e} structures tend to occur. These structures are commensurate with the boundary condition in the direction perpendicular to the tubular axis. The energy gap is of the order of the room temperatures at most. Thus, the nearly metallic properties would be expected. (2) If the undimerized systems have a large gap (\sim 1eV), the most stable structures are the chain-like distortions where the direction of the arranged {\sl trans}-polyacetylene chains is along almost the tubular axis. When we try to obtain the Kekul\'{e} structures, the mismatch of the boundary condition occurs and they are energetically unfavorable. The electronic structures are of semiconductors due to the large gap.
|
Kikuo Harigaya (Fundamental Physics Section, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan), Mitsutaka Fujita (Institute of Materials...
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208019
|
cond-mat/9208020
|
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] |
Frequency dependent conductivity of vortex cores in type II superconductors
|
This paper is relevant to the recent optical transmission experiments of Karrai et al. for vortices in high Tc superconductors. We begin with a substantial review and introduction. The microscopic response of vortices is calculated from the Bogoliubov-deGennes equation, including an equation of motion and conductivity. We find that the expected resonant dipole transtition is not present because of translation invariance. We consider the effect of pinning and show that in the presence of pinning one recovers the dipole resonance. Thus we conclude that pinning may play an important role in the experiment.
|
Ted Hsu
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208020
|
cond-mat/9208021
|
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] |
Mott Transition in the Hubbard model
|
In this article, I discuss W.Kohn's criterion for a metal insulator transition, within the framework of a one band Hubbard model. This and related ideas are applied to 1-dimensional Hubbard systems, and some intersting miscellaneous results discussed. The Jordan Wigner transformation converting the two species of fermions to two species of hardcore bosons is performed in detail, and the ``extra phases'' arising from odd-even effects are explicitly derived. Bosons are shown to prefer zero flux (i.e. diamagnetism), and the corresponding ``happy fluxes'' for the fermions identified. A curious result following from the interplay between orbital diamagnetism and spin polarization is highlighted. A ``spin-statistics'' like theorem, showing that the anticommutation relations between fermions of opposite spin are crucial to obtain the SU(2) invariance is pointed out.
|
B.Sriram Shastry
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208021
|
cond-mat/9208022
|
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] |
Electronic and structural properties of GaN by the full-potential LMTO method : the role of the $d$ electrons
|
The structural and electronic properties of cubic GaN are studied within the local density approximation by the full-potential linear muffin-tin orbitals method. The Ga $3d$ electrons are treated as band states, and no shape approximation is made to the potential and charge density. The influence of $d$ electrons on the band structure, charge density, and bonding properties is analyzed. It is found that due to the energy resonance of the Ga 3$d$ states with nitrogen 2$s$ states, the cation $d$ bands are not inert, and features unusual for a III-V compound are found in the lower part of the valence band and in the valence charge density and density of states. To clarify the influence of the Ga $d$ states on the cohesive properties, additional full and frozen--overlapped-core calculations were performed for GaN, cubic ZnS, GaAs, and Si. The results show, in addition to the known importance of non-linear core-valence exchange-correlation corrections, that an explicit description of closed-shell repulsion effects is necessary to obtain accurate results for GaN and similar systems. In summary, GaN appears to be somewhat exceptional among the III-V compounds and reminiscent of II-VI materials, in that its band structure and cohesive properties are sensitive to a proper treatment of the cation $d$ bands, as a result of the presence of the latter in the valence band range.
|
Vincenzo Fiorentini, Michael Methfessel, and Matthias Scheffler (Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, BERLIN,...
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208022
|
cond-mat/9208023
|
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] |
Self-Consistent Theory of Polymerized Membranes
|
We study $D$-dimensional polymerized membranes embedded in $d$ dimensions using a self-consistent screening approximation. It is exact for large $d$ to order $1/d$, for any $d$ to order $\epsilon=4-D$ and for $d=D$. For flat physical membranes ($D=2,d=3$) it predicts a roughness exponent $\zeta=0.590$. For phantom membranes at the crumpling transition the size exponent is $\nu=0.732$. It yields identical lower critical dimension for the flat phase and crumpling transition $D_{lc}(d)={2 d \over {d+1}}$ ($D_{lc}={\sqrt{2}}$ for codimension 1). For physical membranes with ${\it random}$ quenched curvature $\zeta=0.775$ in the new $T=0$ flat phase in good agreement with simulations.
|
Pierre Le Doussal and Leo Radzihovsky
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208023
|
cond-mat/9208024
|
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] |
Localized Electrons on a Lattice with Incommensurate Magnetic Flux
|
The magnetic field effects on lattice wavefunctions of Hofstadter electrons strongly localized at boundaries are studied analytically and numerically. The exponential decay of the wavefunction is modulated by a field dependent amplitude J(t) which depends sensitively on the value of alpha (the magnetic flux per plaquette in units of a flux quantum, t is the distance from the boundary). While for rational values p/q, the envelope of J(t) increases as 2**t/q, the behavior for irrational alpha is erratic with an aperiodic structure which changes drastically with alpha. For algebraic alpha it is found that J(t) increases as a power law t**b(alpha) while it grows faster for transcendental alpha. This is very different from the growth rate exp{sqrt(t)} typical for random phases. The theoretical analysis is extended to lattices in which the distances between adjacent layers increase as r**n with n>0. Different behavior of J(t;n) is found in various regimes of n. It changes from periodic for small n to random like for large n.
|
Shmuel Fishmen, Yonathan Shapir, and Xiang-Rong Wang
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208024
|
cond-mat/9208025
|
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] |
Interfacial adsorption phenomena of the three-dimensional three-state Potts model
|
We study the interfacial adsorption phenomena of the three-state ferromagnetic Potts model on the simple cubic lattice by the Monte Carlo method. Finite-size scaling analyses of the net-adsorption yield the evidence of the phase transition being of first-order and $k_{\rm B} T_{\rm C} / J = 1.8166 (2)$.
|
Atsushi Yamagata
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208025
|
cond-mat/9208026
|
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] |
Electromagnetic response of a static vortex line in a type-II superconductor : a microscopic study
|
The electromagnetic response of a pinned Abrikosov fluxoid is examined in the framework of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes formalism. The matrix elements and the selection rules for both the single photon (emission - absorption) and two photon (Raman scattering) processes are obtained. The results reveal striking asymmetries: light absorption by quasiparticle pair creation or single quasiparticle scattering can occur only if the handedness of the incident radiation is opposite to that of the vortex core states. We show how these effects will lead to nonreciprocal circular birefringence, and also predict structure in the frequency dependence of conductivity and in the differential cross section of the Raman scattering.
|
Boldizsar Janko and Joel D. Shore (Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York)
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208026
|
cond-mat/9208027
|
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] |
Persistent spin and mass currents and Aharonov-Casher effect
|
Spin-orbit interaction produces persistent spin and mass currents in the ring via the Aharonov-Casher effect. The experiment in $^3He-A_1$ phase, in which this effect leads to the excitation of mass and spin supercurrent is proposed.
|
A. V. Balatsky and B. L. Altshuler
|
cond-mat
|
August
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9208027
|
cond-mat/9209001
|
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] |
The Constraint for the Lowest Landau Level and the Effective Field Theory Approach for the Fractional Quantum Hall System
|
By applying the Dirac quantization method, we build the constraint that all electrons are in the lowest Landau level into the Chern-Simons field theory approach for the fractional quantum Hall system and show that the constraint can be transmuted from hierarchy to hierarchy. For a finite system, we derive that the action for each hierarchy can be split into two parts: a surface part provides the action for the edge excitations while the remaining part is precisely the bulk action for the next hierarchy. And the action for the edge could be decoupled from the bulk only at the hierarchy filling.
|
Zhong-Shui Ma and Zhao-Bin Su
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209001
|
cond-mat/9209002
|
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] |
New Exactly Solvable Model of Strongly Correlated Electrons Motivated by High T_c Superconductivity
|
We present a new model describing strongly correlated electrons on a general $d$-dimensional lattice. It differs from the Hubbard model by interactions of nearest neighbours, and it contains the $t$-$J$ model as a special case. The model naturally describes local electron pairs, which can move coherently at arbitrary momentum. By using an $\eta$-pairing mechanism we can construct eigenstates of the hamiltonian with off-diagonal-long-range-order (ODLRO). These might help to relate the model to high-$T_c$ superconductivity. On a one-dimensional lattice, the model is exactly solvable by Bethe Ansatz.
|
Fabian H.L. Essler, Vladimir E. Korepin, Kareljan Schoutens
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209002
|
cond-mat/9209003
|
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] |
Interface roughening with a time-varying external driving force
|
We present a theoretical and numerical investigation of the effect of a time-varying external driving force on interface growth. First, we derive a relation between the roughening exponents which comes from a generalized Galilean invariance, showing how the critical dimension of the model is tunable with the external field. We further conjecture results for the exponents in two dimensions, and find consistency with data obtained through simulations of two models we expect to be in the same universality class. Finally, we discuss how our results can be investigated experimentally.
|
E. Hernandez-Garcia, T. Ala-Nissila, and Martin Grant
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209003
|
cond-mat/9209004
|
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] |
Combination Rules, Charge Symmetry, and Hall Effect in Cuprates
|
The rule relating the observed Hall coefficient to the spin and charge responses of the uniform doped Mott insulator is derived. It is essential to include the contribution of holon and spinon three-current correlations to the effective action of the gauge field. In the vicinity of the Mott insulating point the Hall coefficient is holon dominated and weakly temperature dependent. In the vicinity of a point of charge conjugation symmetry the holon contribution to the observed Hall coefficient is small: the Hall coefficient follows the temperature dependence of the diamagnetic susceptibility with a sign determined by the Fermi surface shape. NOTE: document prepared using REVTEX. (3 Figs, not included, available on request from: [email protected])
|
A.J. Schofield and J.M. Wheatley
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209004
|
cond-mat/9209005
|
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] |
Aspects of Spin Dynamics in the Cuprate Superconductors
|
One of the interesting aspects of the CuO superconductors is that superconductivity is happening so close to the antiferromagnetic state. The nuclear magnetic resonance and the recent neutron scattering experiments clearly indicate that magnetic correlations persist in to the heavily doped regime. In this paper we will discuss some of the details of the coupling of the nuclear magnetic spin to the conduction electron spins. Furthermore we will show that a simple band structure can explain the recent neutron scattering data in the \LaSrCuO material for the optimal concentration of $x\approx 0.15$ if the lifetime effects are included.
|
H. Monien (Institute for Theoretical Physics, Universty of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106)
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209005
|
cond-mat/9209006
|
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] |
Spin Gaps and Spin Dynamics in La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4 and YBa_2Cu_3O7_\delta
|
A magnetic susceptibility which decreases with decreasing temperature is observed in all $CuO_2$ based superconductors with less than optimal doping. We propose that in $La_{2-x} Sr_x CuO_4$ this is due to antiferromagnetic ordering which is prevented by the low spatial dimensionality while in $YBa_2 Cu_3 O_{6.6}$ it is due to the interplay between antiferromagnetic fluctuations within a plane and singlet pairing of electrons between nearest neighbor planes.
|
A. J. Millis (AT&T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ) and H. Monien (Institute for Theoretical Physics, UCSB, Santa Barba...
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209006
|
cond-mat/9209007
|
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] |
Spin texture in weakly doped $Cu0_2$ planes explaining magnetic correlation length and Raman scattering experiments
|
A model of $CuO_2$ planes weakly doped with partially delocalised holes is considered. The effect of such a hole on the background AFM spin texture can be represented by a purely magnetic Hamiltonian $H = - \sum_{(ijk)} (\vec S_i \cdot \vec S_j \times \vec S_k)^2$, where the summation is over the four triangles of a single plaquette. We show that this model of randomly distributed chiral spin defects leads to an in--plane spin correlation length approximately described by $\xi^{-1} (x,T) = \xi^{-1} (0,T) + \xi^{-1} (x,0)$, consistent with neutron scattering experiments on $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$. Further, this model leads to favourable comparisons with $B_{1g}$ Raman scattering results for the same cuprate system.
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R.J. Gooding, and A. Mailhot
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cond-mat
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September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209007
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cond-mat/9209008
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] |
A Simple Model for Coupled Magnetic and Quadrupolar Instabilities in Uranium Heavy-Fermion Materials
|
We present a mean-field calculation of the phase diagram of a simple model of localized moments, in the hexagonal uranium heavy-fermion compounds. The model considers a non-Kramers quadrupolar doublet ground state magnetically coupled with a singlet excited-state, favoring in-plane van-Vleck magnetism, as has been conjectured for UPt$_3$. The Hamiltonian which defines the model is Heisenberg like in both, magnetic and quadrupolar moments. Among our main results are: (i) for zero intersite quadrupolar coupling, the magnetic order is achieved by a first order transition above a critical intersite magnetic coupling value which becomes second order at higher coupling strengths. (ii) for finite intersite quadrupolar coupling, at temperatures below a second order quadrupolar ordering transition, the minimal magnetic coupling value is increased but (a) the magnetic ordering temperature is enhanced above this value, and (b) the ordering of first and second order transitions in the phase diagram is reversed.
|
V. L. Libero and D. L. Cox
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209008
|
cond-mat/9209009
|
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] |
Spin liquid phase for the frustrated Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on a square lattice
|
The existance of a spin disordered ground state for the frustrated Quantum Heisenberg Antiferromagnet on a square lattice is reconsidered. It is argued that there is a unique action which is continuous through the whole phase diagram, except at the Lifshitz point, so that the Neel and helicoidal states can not coexist and there has to be an intermediate spin liquid state. To show it, a detailed study combining Spin-Wave theory, Schwinger Bosons Mean Field Theory and a scaling analysis of the appropriate hydrodynamic action is performed. When done carefully, all these theories agree and strongly support the existance of the spin liquThe manuscript has eight figures, which are available upon request to the author. e-mail address is [email protected]
|
Jaime Ferrer
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209009
|
cond-mat/9209010
|
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] |
Study of spiral pattern formation in Rayleigh-Benard convection
|
We present a numerical study of a generalized two-dimensional Swift-Hohenberg model of spiral pattern formation in Rayleigh-B\'enard convection in a non-Boussinesq fluid. We demonstrate for the first time that a model for convective motion is able to predict in considerable dynamical detail the spontaneous formation of a rotating spiral state from an ordered hexagon state. Our results are in good agreement with recent experimental studies of $CO_{2}$ gas. The mean flow and non-Boussinesq effects are shown to be crucial in forming rotating spirals.
|
Hao-wen Xi, J.D. Gunton, Jorge Vinals
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209010
|
cond-mat/9209011
|
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] |
Anisotropic Pairing on a Three-Band Fermi Surface for $A_3{\rm C}_{60}$
|
We study a model for anisotropic singlet pairing in $A_3{\rm C}_{60}$, using a realistic model for the Fermi surface in a hypothesized orientationally-ordered doped crystal. Anisotropic solutions are studied by combining numerical solutions to the gap equation in the low-temperature phase with a Landau expansion near the mean field critical temperature. We focus on a class of three-dimensional nodeless $d$-wave solutions to the model, which exhibit a fully developed gap everywhere on the Fermi surface, but non-BCS temperature dependence of the order parameter in the condensed state, a relatively large value of the low-temperature gap, $2\Delta/kT_{\rm c}$ , and non-BCS structure in the quasiparticle spectrum near the gap.
|
E. J. Mele and S. C. Erwin
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209011
|
cond-mat/9209012
|
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0.24092146754264832,
1.6233866214752197,
0.04479547590017319,
0.053183842450380325,
-0.36850041151046753
] |
Completeness of the SO(4) Extended Bethe Ansatz for the One-Dimensional Hubbard Model
|
We show how to construct a complete set of eigenstates of the hamiltonian of the one-dimensional Hubbard model on a lattice of even length $L$. This is done by using the nested Bethe Ansatz {\it and} the $SO(4)$ symmetry of the model. We discuss in detail how the counting of independent eigenstates is carried out.
|
Fabian H.L. Essler, Vladimir E. Korepin, Kareljan Schoutens
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209012
|
cond-mat/9209013
|
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] |
Quantum Lattice Fluctuations and Luminescence in C_60
|
We consider luminescence in photo-excited neutral C_60 using the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model applied to a single C_60 molecule. To calculate the luminescence we use a collective coordinate method where our collective coordinate resembles the displacement of the carbon atoms of the Hg(8) phonon mode and extrapolates between the ground state "dimerisation" and the exciton polaron. There is good agreement for the existing luminescence peak spacing and fair agreement for the relative intensity. We predict the existence of further peaks not yet resolved in experiment. PACS Numbers : 78.65.Hc, 74.70.Kn, 36.90+f
|
Barry Friedman, (Department of Physics and Texas Center for Superconductivity, University of Houston, Texas and Department...
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209013
|
cond-mat/9209014
|
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] |
Metal Adatom Induced Corrugation of Cu(001)
|
We report the discovery of a metal adatom induced corrugation of Cu(001) as probed by atom beam scattering (ABS). At Pb or Bi coverages of 0.05 (fraction of Cu layer), and while a (1$\times$1) LEED pattern is still observed, the ABS diffraction pattern from \underbar{uncovered} Cu(001) areas has changed considerably from that of clean Cu(001). We show that these uncovered areas have become up to ten times more corrugated than the clean Cu(001). We performed several carefully designed experiments to test whether our data could be interpreted as a result of scattering from adsorbate islands or from a lattice of randomly occupied sites. Instead, we ascribe the nature of this metal adatom induced corrugation to the redistribution of the Cu(001) surface charge density due to the adsorption of Pb or Bi atoms. No effect is seen following adsorption of weakly chemisorbed adatoms, such as Hg. A model consistent with all our observations is presented.
|
Wei Li and Gianfranco Vidali
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209014
|
cond-mat/9209015
|
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] |
Growth of Metastable High-Order Commensurate Overlayers of Pb on Cu(001)
|
We studied the growth and ordering of a Pb layer deposited on Cu(001) at 150 K. Contrary to the case of adsorption of Pb at room temperature, islands readily form. These islands order in a high-order commensurate structure of symmetry ( sqrt(61) x sqrt(61) ) R arctan(5/6). We followed the growth of these islands using atom beam scattering. From the measurement of the island diffraction peak profiles we found a power growth law for the mean island- size versus coverage. Upon increasing the coverage another high-order commensurate structure is formed, (5 x 5) R arctan(3/4). All the ordered phases obtained by adsorption at low temperature are metastable.
|
Wei Li and Gianfranco Vidali
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209015
|
cond-mat/9209016
|
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] |
Models for Monolayers Adsorbed on a Square Substrate
|
Motivated by recent experimental studies of Hg and Pb monolayers on Cu(001) we introduce a zero temperature model of a monolayer adsorbed on a square substrate. Lennard-Jones potentials are used to describe the interaction between pairs of adlayer-adlayer and adlayer-substrate atoms. We study a special case in which the monolayer atoms form a perfect square structure and the lattice constant, position and orientation with respect to the substrate can vary to minimize the energy. We introduce a rule based on the Farey tree construction to generate systematically the most energetically favored phases and use it to calculate the phase diagram in this model.
|
Ofer Biham, L.-W. Chen and Gianfranco Vidali
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209016
|
cond-mat/9209017
|
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Numerical Study of the Wheatley-Hsu-Anderson Interlayer Tunneling mechanism of High $T_c$ Superconductivity
|
We present results obtained (by exact diagonalization) for the problem of two t-J planes with an interlayer coupling $t_\perp$. Our results for small hole concentrations show that in-plane superconducting correlations are enhanced by $t_\perp$. When the constraint on double occupancy in the t-J model is relaxed, the enhancement disappears. These results illustrate the inter--layer tunneling mechanism for superconductivity.
|
M. Arjunwadkar, G. Baskaran, R. Basu and V. N. Muthukumar
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209017
|
cond-mat/9209018
|
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] |
Fermi-linearization scheme for itinerant electrons with Clifford variables
|
We propose here an alternative interpretation of the fermi-linarization approach to interacting electron systems, based on the requirement that the coefficients of the linearized operators are Clifford-like variables, whose anticommutator equals an unknown constant $c$. We apply the approximation to the Falicov-Kimball model, explicitly solving the self-consistency equation for the unknown, which turns out to behave as an order parameter. We discuss its relation with a metal-insulator transition and some thermodynamical quantities. In particular we show that our approximation in the $T=0$ limit reproduces exactly the Gutzwiller results for the Hubbard model.
|
Arianna Montorsi and Alessandro Pelizzola
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209018
|
cond-mat/9209019
|
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] |
Kinetic Roughening in Surfaces of Crystals Growing on Disordered Substrates
|
Substrate disorder effects on the scaling properties of growing crystalline surfaces in solidification or epitaxial deposition processes are investigated. Within the harmonic approach there is a phase transition into a low-temperature (low-noise) superrough phase with a continuously varying dynamic exponent z>2 and a non-linear response. In the presence of the KPZ nonlinearity the disorder causes the lattice efects to decay on large scales with an intermediate crossover behavior. The mobility of the rough surface hes a complex dependence on the temperature and the other physical parameters.
|
Yan-Chr Tsai and Yonathan Shapir
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209019
|
cond-mat/9209020
|
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] |
Non-Linear I-V Characteristics of Double Schottky Barriers and Polycrystalline Semiconductors
|
An attempt to determine theoretically the highly non-linear current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of polycrystalline semiconductors, such as ZnO-based varistors, is made from the electrical properties of individual grain boundaries under dc bias. The role played by the fluctuations of double Schottky barrier heights at grain interfaces on driving electrical breakdown phenomena of macroscopic samples is pointed out in terms of a binary mixture model. An alternative trial form for the double Schottky barrier height is introduced to reproduce the breakdown voltage as well as the high non-linear coefficient alpha, where I propto V^{alpha}. ------------- Copies upon request to: [email protected]
|
E. Canessa and V.L. Nguyen
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209020
|
cond-mat/9209021
|
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] |
Growth Model of Au Films on Ru(001)
|
In an attempt to find generic features on the fractal growth of Au films deposited on Ru(001), a simple simulation model based on irreversible diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) is discussed. Highly irregular two-dimensional dentritic islands of Au particles that gradually grow on a larger host lattice of Ru particles and have fractal dimension d_{f}~ 1.70 each, are generated via a multiple had-hoc version of the DLA algorithm for single aggregates. Annealing effects on the islands morphology are reproduced assuming different sticking probabilities at nearest-neighbour lattice sites of Au films on Ru(001). Using simulation data, islands growth are described in analogy to diffusion-limited, precipitate growth with soft impingement of precipities. This leads to analyse thin film island growth kinetics in such fractal systems and to predict a main peak in scattering intensity patterns due to interisland interference. ---------------- Copies upon request to: [email protected]
|
E. Canessa and A. Calmetta
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209021
|
cond-mat/9209022
|
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] |
Generalized Coherent States for Dynamical Superalgebras
|
Coherent states for a general Lie superalgebra are defined following the method originally proposed by Perelomov. Algebraic and geometrical properties of the systems of states thus obtained are examined, with particular attention to the possibility of defining a K\"ahler structure over the states supermanifold and to the connection between this supermanifold and the coadjoint orbits of the dynamical supergroup. The theory is then applied to some compact forms of contragradient Lie superalgebras.
|
Alessandro Pelizzola and Corrado Topi
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209022
|
cond-mat/9209023
|
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] |
Multicritical Points And Reentrant Phenomenon In The BEG Model
|
The Blume - Emery - Griffiths model is investigated by use of the cluster variation method in the pair approximation. We determine the regions of the phase space where reentrant phenomenon takes place. Two regions are found, depending on the sign of the reduced quadrupole - quadrupole coupling strength $\xi$. For negative $\xi$ we find Para-Ferro-Para and Ferro-Para-Ferro-Para transition sequences; for positive $\xi$, a Para$_-$-Ferro-Para$_+$ sequence. Order parameters, correlation functions and specific heat are given in some typical cases. By-products of this work are the equations for the critical and tricritical lines.
|
Carla Buzano and Alessandro Pelizzola
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209023
|
cond-mat/9209024
|
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] |
Discrete to Continuous-Time Crossover due to Anisotropy in Diffusion-Limited Two-Particle Annihilation Reactions
|
Diffusion-limited reaction A+A->inert with anisotropic hopping on the d=1 lattice, is solved exactly for a simultaneous updating, discrete time-step dynamics. Diffusion-dominated processes slow down as the anisotropy increases. For large times or large anisotropy, one can invoke the appropriate continuum limits. In these limits the effects of the anisotropy on variation of particle density can be absorbed in time rescaling. However, in other regimes, when the discreteness of the time steps is nonnegligible, the anisotropy effects are nontrivial, although they are always quite small numerically.
|
Vladimir Privman
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209024
|
cond-mat/9209025
|
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] |
Relaxed Excited State Geometries in a Peierls-Hubbard Model for Polyenes
|
Using parameter values relevant to polyacetylene and its finite polyene analogs, we determine, via exact finite size diagonalization of a 1D Peierls-Hubbard model, the relaxed geometry and optical absorption spectra of several states of interest in optical experiments (the singlet ($1^1A_g$) and triplet ($1^3B_u$) ground states, the singlet one ($n^1B_u$) and two ($2^1A_g$) photon gaps, and the triplet one ($n^3A_g$) photon gap) in order to examine the question of how well this simple model can really capture the behavior of this simple material.
|
J. Tinka Gammel and D.K. Campbell
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209025
|
cond-mat/9209026
|
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] |
Extracting Infinite System Properties from Finite Size Clusters: `Phase Randomization/Boundary Condition Averaging'
|
When electron-electron correlations are important, it is often necessary to use exact numerical methods, such as Lanczos diagonalization, to study the full many-body Hamiltonian. Unfortunately, such exact diagonalization methods are restricted to small system sizes. We show that if the Hubbard $U$ term is replaced by a ``periodic Hubbard" term, the full many body Hamiltonian may be numerically exactly solved, even for very large systems (even $>$100 sites), though only for low fillings. However, for half-filled systems and large $U$ this approach is not only no longer exact, it no longer improves extrapolation to larger systems. We discuss how generalized ``randomized variable averaging'' (RVA) or ``phase randomization'' schemes can be reliably employed to improve extrapolation to large system sizes in this regime. This general approach can be combined with any many-body method and is thus of broad interest and applicability.
|
J. Tinka Gammel, D.K. Campbell, and E.Y. Loh, Jr
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209026
|
cond-mat/9209027
|
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] |
Electron-Phonon Driven Spin Frustration in Multi-Band Hubbard Models: MX Chains and Oxide Superconductors
|
We discuss the consequences of both electron-phonon and electron-electron couplings in 1D and 2D multi-band (Peierls-Hubbard) models. After briefly discussing various analytic limits, we focus on (Hartree-Fock and exact) numerical studies in the intermediate regime for both couplings, where unusual spin-Peierls as well as long-period, frustrated ground states are found. Doping into such phases or near the phase boundaries can lead to further interesting phenomena such as separation of spin and charge, a dopant-induced phase transition of the global (parent) phase, or real-space (``bipolaronic'') pairing. We discuss possible experimentally observable consequences of this rich phase diagram for halogen-bridged, transition metal, linear chain complexes (MX chains) in 1D and the oxide superconductors in 2D.
|
J. Tinka Gammel, K. Yonemitsu A. Saxena, A.R. Bishop, and H. R\"oder
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209027
|
cond-mat/9209028
|
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] |
Photoinduced charge separation in Q1D heterojunction materials: Evidence for electron-hole pair separation in mixed-halide $MX$ solids
|
Resonance Raman experiments on doped and photoexcited single crystals of mixed-halide $MX$ complexes ($M$=Pt; $X$=Cl,Br) clearly indicate charge separation: electron polarons preferentially locate on PtBr segments while hole polarons are trapped within PtCl segments. This polaron selectivity, potentially very useful for device applications, is demonstrated theoretically using a discrete, 3/4-filled, two-band, tight-binding, extended Peierls-Hubbard model. Strong hybridization of the PtCl and PtBr electronic bands is the driving force for separation.
|
L.A. Worl, S.C. Huckett, B.I. Swanson, A. Saxena, A.R. Bishop, J. Tinka Gammel
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209028
|
cond-mat/9209029
|
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] |
Polaron excitations in fullerenes: Theory as pi-conjugated systems
|
We review the recent theoretical treatment of fullerenes as pi-conjugated systems. Polaronic properties due to the Jahn-Teller type effects are mainly discussed. (1) A Su-Schrieffer-Heeger type electron-phonon model is applied to fullerenes: C_60 and C_70, and is solved with the adiabatic approximation to phonons. When the system (C_60 or C_70) is doped with one or two electrons (or holes), the additional charges accumulate along almost an equatorial line of the molecule. The dimerization becomes the weakest along the same line. Two energy levels, the occupied state and the empty state, intrude largely in the gap. The intrusion is larger in C_70 than in C_60. These are ``polarons'' in doped fullerenes. It is also found that C_60 and C_70 are related mutually with respect to electronical structures as well as lattice geometries. (2) We apply the model to the fullerene epoxide C_60O. It has the polaron-type lattice distortion around the oxygen, and also shows the energy level intrusion in the gap. (3) Optical properties of C_60 are calculated and discussed. In the absorption of the doped molecule, a new peak structure is present owing to the polaronic distortion. In the luminescence of the neutral C_60, the spacing between H_g(8)-phonon side-band peaks and the relative intensities agree well with experiments. In the dispersion of the third harmonic generation, the magnitudes of |chi^(3)| agree with those of experiments at the resonance of the lowest allowed transition as well as in the region away from the resonance.
|
Kikuo Harigaya, (Fundamental Physics Section, Physical Science Division, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Umezono 1-1-4, Tsuku...
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209029
|
cond-mat/9209030
|
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] |
An alternative approach for the dynamics of polarons in one dimension
|
We developed a new method based on functional integration to treat the dynamics of polarons in one-dimensional systems. We treat the acoustical and the optical case in an unified manner, showing their differences and similarities. The mobility and diffusion coefficients are calculated in the Markovian approximation in the strong coupling limit.
|
A.H.Castro Neto and A.O.Caldeira
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209030
|
cond-mat/9209031
|
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] |
Fluxes, Laplacians and Kasteleyn's Theorem
|
The following problem, which stems from the ``flux phase'' problem in condensed matter physics, is analyzed and extended here: One is given a planar graph (or lattice) with prescribed vertices, edges and a weight $\vert t_{xy}\vert$ on each edge $(x,y)$. The flux phase problem (which we partially solve) is to find the real phase function on the edges, $\theta(x,y)$, so that the matrix $T:=\{\vert t_{xy}\vert {\rm exp}[i\theta(x,y)]\}$ minimizes the sum of the negative eigenvalues of $-T$. One extension of this problem which is also partially solved is the analogous question for the Falicov-Kimball model. There one replaces the matrix $-T$ by $-T+V$, where $V$ is a diagonal matrix representing a potential. Another extension of this problem, which we solve completely for planar, bipartite graphs, is to maximize $\vert {\rm det}\ T \vert$. Our analysis of this determinant problem is closely connected with Kasteleyn's 1961 theorem (for arbitrary planar graphs) and, indeed, yields an alternate, and we believe more transparent proof of it. {}.
|
Elliott Lieb and Michael Loss
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209031
|
cond-mat/9209032
|
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] |
Surface reentrance in the semi-infinite spin-1 Ising models
|
The critical behavior of the semi-infinite Blume-Capel and Blume-Emery-Griffiths models is investigated in the pair approximation of the Cluster Variation Method. Equations for bulk and surface order parameters and n.n. correlation functions are given, from which analytical expressions for the second order bulk and surface critical temperatures are derived. The phase diagrams of the Blume-Capel model are classified, and the existence of a surface first order transition is discussed. This transition is shown to be, under certain conditions, slightly reentrant, and the behavior of the surface order parameters and correlation functions is given for such a case. The extension of our results to the Blume-Emery-Griffiths model is briefly discussed.
|
Carla Buzano and Alessandro Pelizzola
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209032
|
cond-mat/9209033
|
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] |
Theory of adsorbate induced surface reconstruction on W(100)
|
We report results of a theoretical study on an adsorbate induced surface reconstruction. Hydrogen adsorption on a W(100) surface causes a switching transition in the symmetry of the displacements of the W atoms within the ordered c(2x2) phase. This transition is modeled by an effective Hamiltonian, where the hydrogen degrees of freedom are integrated out. Based on extensive Monte Carlo renormalisation group calculations we show that the switching transition is of second order at high temperatures and of first order at low temperatures. This behavior is qualitatively explained in terms of an XY model where there is an interplay between four and eight fold anisotropy fields. We also compare the calculated phase diagrams with a simple mean field theory.
|
Kari Kankaala, Tapio Ala-Nissila, See-Chen Ying
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209033
|
cond-mat/9209034
|
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] |
Temperature Correlations of Quantum Spins
|
We consider isotropic XY model in the transverse magnetic field on the one dimensional lattice. Another name of the model in Heisenberg XXO model of spin 1/2.We solved long standing problem of evaluation of temperature correlations. We first represent correlation function in the model, by means of completely integrable differential equation. This is famous Ablowitz-Ladik lattice Nonlinear Schrodinger equation.Correlation function is the $\tau $ function of this differential equation. We solved this equation and evaluate asymptotics.
|
Alexandr Its, Anatloij Izergin, Vladimr Korepin, Nikita Slavnov
|
cond-mat
|
September
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9209034
|
cond-mat/9210001
|
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] |
Universal criterion for the breakup of invariant tori in dissipative systems
|
The transition from quasiperiodicity to chaos is studied in a two-dimensional dissipative map with the inverse golden mean rotation number. On the basis of a decimation scheme, it is argued that the (minimal) slope of the critical iterated circle map is proportional to the effective Jacobian determinant. Approaching the zero-Jacobian-determinant limit, the factor of proportion becomes a universal constant. Numerical investigation on the dissipative standard map suggests that this universal number could become observable in experiments. The decimation technique introduced in this paper is readily applicable also to the discrete quasiperiodic Schrodinger equation.
|
Jukka A. Ketoja
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210001
|
cond-mat/9210002
|
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] |
Exact Solution of a Phase Separation Model with Conserved Order Parameter Dynamics
|
Pairwise particle-exchange model on a linear lattice is solved exactly by a new rate-equation method. Lattice sites are occupied by particles A and B which can exchange irreversibly provided the local energy in reduced. Thus, the model corresponds to a zero-temperature Kawasaki-type phase separation process. Due to local order-parameter conservation, the dynamics reaches a frozen state at large times, the structure of which depends on the initial conditions.
|
Vladimir Privman
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210002
|
cond-mat/9210003
|
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] |
Pressure Induced Topological Phase Transitions in Membranes
|
Some highly unusual features of a lipid-water liquid crystal are revealed by high pressure x-ray diffraction, light scattering and dilatometric studies of the lamellar (bilayer $L_{\alpha}$) to nonlamellar inverse hexagonal ($H_{II}$) phase transition. (i) The size of the unit cell of the $H_{II}$ phase increases with increasing pressure. (ii) The transition volume, $\Delta V_{bh}$, decreases and appears to vanish as the pressure is increased. (iii) The intensity of scattered light increases as $\Delta V_{bh}$ decreases. Data are presented which suggest that this increase is due to the formation of an intermediate cubic phase, as predicted by recent theoretical suggestions of the underlying universal phase sequence.
|
P.T.C. So, Sol M. Gruner and Shyamsunder Erramilli
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210003
|
cond-mat/9210004
|
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] |
A new Proposal for a Quasielectron Trial Wavefunction for the FQHE on a Disk
|
In this letter, we propose a new quasielectron trial wavefunction for $N$ interacting electrons in two dimensions moving in a strong magnetic field in a disk geometry. Requiring that the trial wavefunction exhibits the correct filling factor of a quasielectron wavefunction, we obtain $N+1$ angular momentum eigenfunctions. The expectation values of the energy are calculated and compared with the data of an exact numerical diagonalization.
|
Marcus Kasner and Walter Apel (Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Braunschweig, PF 3345, D-W-3300 Braunschweig, Germany)
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210004
|
cond-mat/9210005
|
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] |
Multicanonical Study of the 3D Ising Spin Glass
|
We simulated the Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass model in three dimensions via the recently proposed multicanonical ensemble. Physical quantities such as energy density, specific heat and entropy are evaluated at all temperatures. We studied their finite size scaling, as well as the zero temperature limit to explore the ground state properties.
|
B.A.Berg, T.Celik and U.Hansmann
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210005
|
cond-mat/9210006
|
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] |
Once again about interchain hopping
|
Renormalization group equations and a phase diagram are derived for a system of two chains with a single-electron hopping between chains in order to correct the results of a recent paper by F.~V.~Kusmartsev, A.~Luther, and A.~Nersesyan, Pis'ma v Zh.\ Exp.\ Teor.\ Fiz.\ {\bf 55}, 692 (1992) [JETP Lett.\ {\bf 55}, 724 (1992)].
|
Victor M. Yakovenko
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210006
|
cond-mat/9210007
|
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] |
Bosonization and Fermion Liquids in Dimensions Greater Than One
|
(Revised, with postscript figures appended, corrections and added comments.) We develop and describe new approaches to the problem of interacting Fermions in spatial dimensions greater than one. These approaches are based on generalizations of powerful tools previously applied to problems in one spatial dimension. We begin with a review of one-dimensional interacting Fermions. We then introduce a simplified model in two spatial dimensions to study the role that spin and perfect nesting play in destabilizing Fermion liquids. The complicated functional renormalization group equations of the full problem are made tractable in our model by replacing the continuum of points that make up the closed Fermi line with four Fermi points. Despite this drastic approximation, the model exhibits physically reasonable behavior both at half-filling (where instabilities occur) and away from half-filling (where a Luttinger liquid arises). Next we implement the Bosonization of higher dimensional Fermi surfaces introduced by Luther and advocated most recently by Haldane. Bosonization incorporates the phase space and small-angle scattering .... (7 figures, appended as a postscript file at the end of the TeX file).
|
A. Houghton and J. B. Marston
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210007
|
cond-mat/9210008
|
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] |
String Defects in Condensed Matter Systems as Optical Fibers
|
We analyze the core structure of string defects in various condensed matter systems, such as nematic liquid crystals and superfluid helium, and argue that in certain cases the variation of the refractive index near the core is such that it can lead to total internal reflection of light travelling along the string core. These strings thus behave as optical fibers providing a qualitatively new approach to optical fibers. We present a candidate for such a fiber by looking at string segments in a thin nematic liquid crystal film on water. We discuss various possibilities for constructing such fibers as well as possible technological applications.
|
Ajit Mohan Srivastava
|
cond-mat hep-ph
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210008
|
cond-mat/9210009
|
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] |
Phase Ordering Dynamics in the Continuum q-state Clock Model
|
The order parameter correlation function of the nonconserved, continuum $q$-state clock model is evaluated in the asymptotic scaling limit, during the phase ordering process after a temperature quench. The short distance behavior of the order parameter scaling function exhibits explicit crossover from that characteristic of the Ising universality class to that of the $O(2)$ model.
|
Fong Liu and Gene F. Mazenko
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210009
|
cond-mat/9210010
|
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] |
Dimerization structures on the metallic and semiconducting fullerene tubules with half-filled electrons
|
Possible dimerization patterns and electronic structures in fullerene tubules as the one-dimensional pi-conjugated systems are studied with the extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. We assume various lattice geometries, including helical and nonhelical tubules. The model is solved for the half-filling case of $\pi$-electrons. (1) When the undimerized systems do not have a gap, the Kekule structures prone to occur. The energy gap is of the order of the room temperatures at most and metallic properties would be expected. (2) If the undimerized systems have a large gap (about 1eV), the most stable structures are the chain-like distortions where the direction of the arranged trans-polyacetylene chains is along almost the tubular axis. The electronic structures are ofsemiconductors due to the large gap.
|
Kikuo Harigaya (Fundamental Physics Section, Physical Science Division, Electrotechnical Laboratory, Japan), Mitsutaka Fuj...
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210010
|
cond-mat/9210011
|
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] |
Generalized spin density wave state of the Hubbard model on the C12 and C60 clusters
|
The one-band Hubbard model at half-filling on a truncated tetrahedron (C$_{12}$), and on the C$_{60}$ molecule is studied. Within the Hartree-Fock approximation, we find a magnetic-like instability of the `Fermi sea' towards a spin-ordered phase for an intermediate value of the coupling ${\rm (U/t)_c}\approx 2.6$. The ordered phase presents a spin arrangement similar to that of the classical Heisenberg model defined on the same clusters. We study the linear excitations around the Hartree-Fock ground states using the random-phase approximation. On a finite cluster, we expect that these results signal the presence of a $rapid$ $crossover$ between a paramagnetic region and a regime where spin correlations are important. The relationship with the Heisenberg limit (large ${\rm U/t}$) is discussed. Finally, we comment on implications of our results for purely repulsive models of superconductivity in alkali-metal-doped fullerenes.
|
L. Bergomi, J. P. Blaizot, Th. Jolicoeur and E. Dagotto
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210011
|
cond-mat/9210012
|
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] |
Ordering and finite-size effects in the dynamics of one-dimensional transient patterns
|
We introduce and analyze a general one-dimensional model for the description of transient patterns which occur in the evolution between two spatially homogeneous states. This phenomenon occurs, for example, during the Freedericksz transition in nematic liquid crystals.The dynamics leads to the emergence of finite domains which are locally periodic and independent of each other. This picture is substantiated by a finite-size scaling law for the structure factor. The mechanism of evolution towards the final homogeneous state is by local roll destruction and associated reduction of local wavenumber. The scaling law breaks down for systems of size comparable to the size of the locally periodic domains. For systems of this size or smaller, an apparent nonlinear selection of a global wavelength holds, giving rise to long lived periodic configurations which do not occur for large systems. We also make explicit the unsuitability of a description of transient pattern dynamics in terms of a few Fourier mode amplitudes, even for small systems with a few linearly unstable modes.
|
A. Amengual, E. Hernandez-Garcia, and M. San Miguel
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210012
|
cond-mat/9210013
|
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] |
Numerical studies of tunneling in a nonharmonic time-dependent potential
|
Azbel' has recently carried out a WKB-analysis of the effects of a nonharmonic time-dependent perturbation embedded in an opaque potential barrier. He suggests the existence of three different transmission regimes: direct tunneling, activation assisted tunneling, and elevator resonant activation. We address the same problem with a numerical technique, and find qualitative agreement with Azbel's picture.
|
J. A. St{\o}vneng and A.-P. Jauho
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210013
|
cond-mat/9210014
|
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] |
On the Scale-Invariant Distribution of the Diffusion Coefficient for Classical Particles Diffusing in Disordered Media.-
|
The scaling form of the whole distribution P(D) of the random diffusion coefficient D(x) in a model of classically diffusing particles is investigated. The renormalization group approach above the lower critical dimension d=0 is applied to the distribution P(D) using the n-replica approach. In the annealed approximation (n=1), the inverse gaussian distribution is found to be the stable one under rescaling. This identification is made based on symmetry arguments and subtle relations between this model and that of fluc- tuating interfaces studied by Wallace and Zia. The renormalization-group flow for the ratios between consecutive cumulants shows a regime of pure diffusion for small disorder, in which P(D) goes to delta(D-<D>), and a regime of strong disorder where the cumulants grow infinitely large and the diffusion process is ill defined. The boundary between these two regimes is associated with an unstable fixed-point and a subdiffusive behavior: <x**2>=Ct**(1-d/2). For the quenched case (n goes to 0) we find that unphysical operators are generated raisng doubts on the renormalizability of this model. Implications to other random systems near their lower critical dimension are discussed.
|
Yan-Chr Tsai and Yonathan Shapir
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210014
|
cond-mat/9210015
|
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] |
Many Body Theory of Charge Transfer in Hyperthermal Atomic Scattering
|
We use the Newns-Anderson Hamiltonian to describe many-body electronic processes that occur when hyperthermal alkali atoms scatter off metallic surfaces. Following Brako and Newns, we expand the electronic many-body wavefunction in the number of particle-hole pairs (we keep terms up to and including a single particle-hole pair). We extend their earlier work by including level crossings, excited neutrals and negative ions. The full set of equations of motion are integrated numerically, without further approximations, to obtain the many-body amplitudes as a function of time. The velocity and work-function dependence of final state quantities such as the distribution of ion charges and excited atomic occupancies are compared with experiment. In particular, experiments that scatter alkali ions off clean Cu(001) surfaces in the energy range 5 to 1600 eV constrain the theory quantitatively. The neutralization probability of Na$^+$ ions shows a minimum at intermediate velocity in agreement with the theory. This behavior contrasts with that of K$^+$, which shows ... (7 figures, not included. Figure requests: [email protected])
|
J. B. Marston, D. R. Andersson, E. R. Behringer, B. H. Cooper, C. A. DiRubio, G. A. Kimmel, and C. Richardson
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210015
|
cond-mat/9210016
|
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] |
Spin-Charge separation in a model of two coupled chains
|
A model of interacting electrons living on two chains coupled by a transverse hopping $t_\perp$, is solved exactly by bosonization technique. It is shown that $t_\perp$ does modify the shape of the Fermi surface also in presence of interaction, although charge and spin excitations keep different velocities $u_\rho$, $u_\sigma$. Two different regimes occur: at short distances, $x\ll \xi = (u_\rho - u_\sigma)/4t_\perp$, the two chain model is not sensitive to $t_\perp$, while for larger separation $x\gg \xi$ inter--chain hopping is relevant and generates further singularities in the electron Green function besides those due to spin-charge decoupling. (2 figures not included. Figure requests: FABRIZIO@ITSSISSA)
|
M. Fabrizio and A. Parola
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210016
|
cond-mat/9210017
|
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] |
Biharmonic pattern selection
|
A new model to describe fractal growth is discussed which includes effects due to long-range coupling between displacements $u$. The model is based on the biharmonic equation $\nabla^{4}u =0$ in two-dimensional isotropic defect-free media as follows from the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation for pattern formation -or, alternatively, from the theory of elasticity. As a difference with Laplacian and Poisson growth models, in the new model the Laplacian of $u$ is neither zero nor proportional to $u$. Its discretization allows to reproduce a transition from dense to multibranched growth at a point in which the growth velocity exhibits a minimum similarly to what occurs within Poisson growth in planar geometry. Furthermore, in circular geometry the transition point is estimated for the simplest case from the relation $r_{\ell}\approx L/e^{1/2}$ such that the trajectories become stable at the growing surfaces in a continuous limit. Hence, within the biharmonic growth model, this transition depends only on the system size $L$ and occurs approximately at a distance $60 \%$ far from a central seed particle. The influence of biharmonic patterns on the growth probability for each lattice site is also analysed.
|
Wei Wang and E. Canessa (Condensed Matter Group, ICTP, Trieste, Italy)
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210017
|
cond-mat/9210018
|
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] |
Hysteresis and hierarchies: dynamics of disorder-driven first-order phase transformations
|
We use the zero-temperature random-field Ising model to study hysteretic behavior at first-order phase transitions. Sweeping the external field through zero, the model exhibits hysteresis, the return-point memory effect, and avalanche fluctuations. There is a critical value of disorder at which a jump in the magnetization (corresponding to an infinite avalanche) first occurs. We study the universal behavior at this critical point using mean-field theory, and also present preliminary results of numerical simulations in three dimensions.
|
James P. Sethna, Karin Dahmen, Sivan Kartha, James A. Krumhansl, Bruce W. Roberts, and Joel D. Shore
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210018
|
cond-mat/9210019
|
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] |
Response functions and Spectrum of Collective Excitations of Fractional Quantum Hall Effect Systems
|
We calculate the electromagnetic response functions of a Fractional Quantum Hall system within the framework of the fermion Chern-Simons theory for the Fractional Hall Effect (FQHE) which we developed before. Our results are valid in a semiclassical expansion around the average field approximation (AFA). We reexamine the AFA and the role of fluctuations. We argue that, order-\-by-\-order in the semiclassical expansion, the response functions obey the correct symmetry properties required by Galilean and Gauge Invariance and by the incompressibility of the fluid. In particular, we find that the low-momentum limit of the semiclassical approximation to the response functions is exact and that it saturates the $f$-sum rule.We obtain the spectrum of collective excitations of FQHE systems in the low-momentum limit. We find a rich spectrum of modes which includes a host of quasiparticle- quasihole bound states and, in general,two collective modes coalescing at the cyclotron frequency. The Hall conductance is obtained from the current-density correlation function, and it has the correct value already at the semiclassical level. We applied these results to the problem of the screening of external charges and fluxes by the electron fluid, and obtained asymptotic expressions of the charge and current density profiles, for different types of interactions. Finally, we reconsider the anyon superfluid within our scheme and derive the spectrum of collective modes for interacting hard-core bosons and semions. In addition to the gapless phase mode, we find a set of gapped collective modes.
|
Ana Lopez and Eduardo Fradkin
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210019
|
cond-mat/9210020
|
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] |
Magnetic field effects on non-periodic superlattice structures
|
A simple numerical method to study the effect of an applied magnetic field on the energy spectrum of non-periodic superlattice structures is presented. The magnetic field could be either parallel or perpendicular to the growth direction. Our method is based on the transfer matrix technique and on the effective mass approximation. We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed approach using several examples. In particular, we study the perturbation to the energy spectrum of periodic superlattice induced by the introduction of an enlarged well. We found that these perturbations are negligible for B//z but relevant for B$\perp $z. Preliminary results for Fibonacci superlattices in magnetic fields are presented as well. In these quasi-periodic structures the energy levels become strongly dispersive in presence of a perpendicular magnetic field.
|
H. Cruz, F. Piazza, and L. Pavesi
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210020
|
cond-mat/9210021
|
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] |
Static Response Function for Longitudinal and Transverse Excitations in Superfluid Helium
|
The sum rule formalism is used to evaluate rigorous bounds for the density and current static response functions in superfluid helium at zero temperature. Both lower and upper bounds are considered. The bounds are expressed in terms of ground state properties (density and current correlation funtions) and of the interatomic potential. The results for the density static response significantly improve the Feynman approximation and turn out to be close to the experimental (neutron scattering) data. A quantitative prediction for the transverse current response is given. The role of one-phonon and multi-particle excitations in the longitudinal and transverse channels is discussed. (Phys.Rev.B, in press)
|
F.Dalfovo and S.Stringari
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210021
|
cond-mat/9210022
|
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] |
Correlaction Effects on the Band Gap of Conducting Polymers
|
By applying the projection technique to the computation of excitation energies, we study the correlation effects on the band gap of conducting polymers. In the presence of an additional electron or hole, the correlation induces a polarization cloud around the addi- tional particle, which forms a polaron. For the excitation energy of a polaron,there is a competition between a {\it loss} of the correla- tion energy in the ground state and a {\it gain} of polarization energy. For the Hubbard interaction, the {\it loss} of correlation energy is dominant and correlations increase the band gap.However,for long-range interactions, the {\it gain} of polarization energy is dominant and correlations decrease the band gap. Screening the long- range interaction suppresses the {\it gain}of the polarization energy so that correlations again increase the band gap.A small dimerization is always favorable to the correlation effects. For {\it trans}-poly- acetylene, we obtain the on-site repulsion $U=4.4$eV and the nearest- neighbor interaction $V=0.8$ eV. The screening of $\pi$ electrons due to the polarizability of $\sigma$ electrons is quite strong. ** to be published in Phys. Rev. B
|
C.Q.Wu (Max-Planck-Institue f\"ur Festk\"orperforschung, Stuttgart, Germany)
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210022
|
cond-mat/9210023
|
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] |
Uncertainty Principle and Off-Diagonal Long Range Order in the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect
|
A natural generalization of the Heisenberg uncertainty principle inequality holding for non hermitian operators is presented and applied to the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE). This inequality was used in a previous paper to prove the absence of long range order in the ground state of several 1D systems with continuous group symmetries. In this letter we use it to rule out the occurrence of Bose-Einstein condensation in the bosonic representation of the FQHE wave function proposed by Girvin and MacDonald. We show that the absence of off-diagonal long range order in this 2D problem is directly connected with the $q^2$ behavior of the static structure function $S(q)$ at small momenta.
|
L.Pitaevskii and S.Stringari
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210023
|
cond-mat/9210024
|
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] |
The Supercooling of a Nematic Liquid Crystal
|
We investigate the supercooling of a nematic liquid crystal using fluctuating non-linear hydrodynamic equations. The Martin-Siggia-Rose formalism is used to calculate renormalized transport coefficients to one-loop order. Similar theories for isotropic liquids have shown substantial increases of the viscosities as the liquid is supercooled or compressed due to feedback from the density fluctuations which are freezing. We find similar results here for the longitudinal and various shear viscosities of the nematic. However, the two viscosities associated with the nematic director motion do not grow in any dramatic way; i.e.\ there is no apparent freezing of the director modes within this hydrodynamic formalism. Instead a glassy state of the nematic may arise from a ``random anisotropy" coupling of the director to the frozen density.
|
P.De, Robert Pelcovits, E. Vogel, J. Vogel
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210024
|
cond-mat/9210025
|
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] |
Collective Effects in Random Sequential Adsorption of Diffusing Hard Squares
|
We study by Monte Carlo computer simulations random sequential adsorption (RSA) with diffusional relaxation, of lattice hard squares in two dimensions. While for RSA without diffusion the coverage approaches its maximum jamming value (large-time fractional coverage) exponentially, added diffusion allows the deposition process to proceed to the full coverage. The approach to the full coverage is consistent with the t**(-1/2) power law reminiscent of the equilibrium cluster coarsening in models with nonconserved order-parameter dynamics.
|
J.-S. Wang, P. Nielaba, V. Privman
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210025
|
cond-mat/9210026
|
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] |
Narrow band noise as a model of time-dependent accelerations: study of the stability of a fluid surface in a microgravity environment
|
We introduce a stochastic model to analyze in quantitative detail the effect of the high frequency components of the residual accelerations onboard spacecraft (often called g-jitter) on fluid motion. The residual acceleration field is modeled as a narrow band noise characterized by three independent parameters: its intensity $G^{2}$, a dominant frequency $\Omega$, and a characteristic spectral width $\tau^{-1}$. The white noise limit corresponds to $\Omega \tau \rightarrow 0$, with $G^{2} \tau$ finite, and the limit of a periodic g-jitter (or deterministic limit) can be recovered for $\Omega \tau \rightarrow \infty$, $G^{2}$ finite. The analysis of the response of a fluid surface subjected to a fluctuating gravitational field leads to the stochastic Mathieu equation driven by both additive and multiplicative noise. We discuss the stability of the solutions of this equation in the two limits of white noise and deterministic forcing, and in the general case of narrow band noise. The results are then applied to typical microgravity conditions.
|
Jaume Casademunt, Wenbin Zhang, Jorge Vinals, R.F. Sekerka
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210026
|
cond-mat/9210027
|
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] |
Absence of Definite Scaling Laws in Raman Scattering from Fractals
|
The frequency dependence of the Raman coupling coefficient $C(\omega)$ is calculated numerically for square and cubic percolation clusters. No general scaling law in terms of the macroscopic parameters such as the fractal dimension $D$ or the spectral dimension $\overline d$ is found. $C(\omega)$ is sensitive to the microscopic structure of the clusters and depends on: site- or bond-percolation, presence or absence of dangling bonds, scattering mechanism and polarization, presence or absence of polarizability disorder. This situation makes the derivation of macroscopic parameters from Raman experiments unreliable.
|
P.Benassi, O.Pilla, G.Viliani, G.Ruocco, G.Signorelli, V.Mazzacurati and M.Montagna
|
cond-mat
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210027
|
cond-mat/9210028
|
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] |
The Third Virial Coefficient of Free Anyons
|
We use a path integral representation for the partition function of non-interacting anyons confined in a harmonic oscillator potential in order to prove that the third virial coefficient of free anyons is finite, and to calculate it numerically. Our results together with previously known results are consistent with a rapidly converging Fourier series in the statistics angle.
|
Jan Myrheim and K{\aa}re Olaussen
|
cond-mat hep-th
|
October
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9210028
|
cond-mat/9211001
|
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] |
Exact Solution of an Electronic Model of Superconductivity in 1+1 Dimensions
|
We study a superconducting integrable model of strongly correlated electrons in 1+1 dimensions. We construct all six Bethe Ans\"atze for the model and give explicit expressions for lowest conservation laws. We also prove a lowest weight theorem for the Bethe-Ansatz states.
|
Fabian H.L. Essler, Vladimir E. Korepin, Kareljan Schoutens
|
cond-mat
|
November
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9211001
|
cond-mat/9211002
|
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] |
Spin tunneling in the Kagom\'e antiferromagnet
|
The collective tunneling of a small cluster of spins between two degenerate ground state configurations of the Kagom\'{e}-lattice quantum Heisenberg antiferromagnet is \mbox{studied}. The cluster consists of the six spins on a hexagon of the lattice. The resulting tunnel splitting energy $\Delta$ is calculated in detail, including the prefactor to the exponential $\exp(- \SSo / \hbar)$. This is done by setting up a coherent spin state path integral in imaginary time and evaluating it by the method of steepest descent. The hexagon tunneling problem is mapped onto a much simpler tunneling problem, involving only one collective degree of freedom, which can be treated by known methods. It is found that for half-odd-integer spins, the tunneling amplitude and the tunnel splitting energy are exactly zero, because of destructive interference between symmetry-related $(+)$-instanton and $(-)$-instanton tunneling paths. This destructive interference is shown to occur also for certain larger loops of spins on the Kagom\'{e} lattice. For small, integer spins, our results suggest that tunneling strongly competes with \mbox{in-plane} order-from-disorder selection effects; it constitutes a disordering mechanism that might drive the system into a partially disordered ground state, related to a spin nematic.
|
Jan von Delft and Christopher L. Henley (Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY)
|
cond-mat
|
November
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9211002
|
cond-mat/9211003
|
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] |
Infinite-Scale Percolation in a New Type of Branching Diffusion Processes
|
We give an account of matter and (basically) a solution of a new class of problems synthesizing percolation theory and branching diffusion processes. They led us to realizing a novel type of stochastic processes, namely branching processes with diffusion on the space of parameters distinguishing the branching `particles' each other.
|
A.Mezhlumian and S.A.Molchanov
|
cond-mat hep-lat
|
November
| 1,992 |
https://arxiv.org/abs/cond-mat/9211003
|
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