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Please write an abstract with title: Augmenting GRIPS with Heuristic Sampling for Planning Feasible Trajectories of a Car-Like Robot, and key words: Smoothing methods, Runtime, Heuristic algorithms, Transforms, Kinematics, Turning, Trajectory. Abstract: Kinodynamic motion planning for non-holomonic mobile robots is a challenging problem that is lacking a universal solution. One of the computationally efficient ways to solve it is to build a geometric path first and then transform this path into a kinematically feasible one. Gradient-informed Path Smoothing (GRIPS) [1] is a recently introduced method for such transformation. GRIPS iteratively deforms the path and adds/deletes the waypoints while trying to connect each consecutive pair of them via the provided steering function that respects the kinematic constraints. The algorithm is relatively fast but, unfortunately, does not provide any guarantees that it will succeed. In practice, it often fails to produce feasible trajectories for car-like robots with large turning radius. In this work, we introduce a range of modifications that are aimed at increasing the success rate of GRIPS for car-like robots. The main enhancement is adding an additional step that heuristically samples the waypoints along the bottleneck parts of the geometric paths (such as sharp turns). The results of the experimental evaluation provide a clear evidence that the success rate of the suggested algorithm is up to 40% higher compared to the original GRIPS and hits the bar of 90%, while its runtime is lower.
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398,701 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stochastic Modelling of Power Electronic Converters under Uncertainties, and key words: Chaos, Visualization, Monte Carlo methods, Buck converters, Computational modeling, Predictive models, Hypercubes. Abstract: The aim of this paper is to explore the usage of different sampling schemes in order to build a sparse Polynomial Chaos (PC) model for prediction of the oscillation frequency and its corresponding magnitude of the output voltage in a half-bridge buck converter. The 22 parasitic elements of this converter are modelled as random variables following a uniform distribution. As a result, from the considered sampling schemes, an Latin Hypercube Sampling (LHS) and Sobol’ sequences are determined to be the best in prediction of the magnitude, both with respect to accuracy and computational time needed for the creation of the model. The introduced accuracy measure, namely the a posteriori error, shows that the PC model approximates the oscillation frequency well. However, from a visual comparison with a model obtained from 8000 Monte Carlo samples, it can be seen that the PC model is not able to handle such a complex relationship properly.
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398,702 |
Please write an abstract with title: Next-generation wearable networks, and key words: Next generation networking, Microelectronics, Wireless communication, Augmented reality, Symbiosis, Wearable computers, Context, Internet, Energy efficiency, Portable computers. Abstract: Increased research in microelectronics, wireless communications, and human-computer interaction, particularly augmented-reality applications, has made a symbiotic system technically feasible. Wearable computing, or wearware, focuses on making this technology useful in everyday life, particularly for integrating contextual data with the Internet to automate mundane tasks. The availability of portable, energy-efficient computing devices that can be easily integrated with clothing has renewed interest in the possibilities of wearware. The notion of a wearable network of interactive devices aiding users in their day-to-day activities is extremely appealing, but for it to become a reality researchers must develop interesting and useful applications. Consumers are not interested in the technology per se but in how it could enrich their lives.
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398,703 |
Please write an abstract with title: Matrix fraction description of the lossless positive real property, and key words: Matrix decomposition, Symmetric matrices, Transfer functions, Polynomials, Impedance, Australia. Abstract: Suppose a matrix fraction description of a real rational square transfer function matrix is known. A condition is given involving the coefficient matrices in this matrix fraction decomposition which is necessary and sufficient for the transfer function matrix to be lossless positive real.
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398,704 |
Please write an abstract with title: A novel parameter estimation method of interrupted sampling repeater jamming, and key words: LFM, ISRJ, TF, parameter estimation. Abstract: Interrupted sampling repeater jamming(ISRJ) is an effective coherent jamming type for wideband chirp radar. Different parameter settings correspond to different jamming strategies, and the generated false target jamming can achieve effects of both deception and suppression. In this paper, a parameter estimation method for ISRJ with intra-pulse modulation is proposed by analyzing the jamming characteristics. The time-frequency(TF) distribution result can be used to determine the jamming strategy. The sampling duration and repeat sampling interval are estimated by Hilbert transform and peak detection, and then sampling number and forwarding times can be calculated. The results of simulation and experimental data prove the validity of this method.
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398,705 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stochastic and distributed optimal energy management of active distribution network with integrated office buildings, and key words: Buildings, Energy management, HVAC, Uncertainty, Stochastic processes, Windows, Mathematical models. Abstract: This paper proposes a stochastic and distributed optimal energy management approach for active distribution network (ADN) with office buildings. The proposed approach aims at scheduling office buildings fitted with heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, and electric vehicle (EV) charging piles, to participate in the ADN optimization. First, an energy management approach for the ADN with aggregated office buildings is proposed. And the ADN optimization model is formulated considering the detailed building thermal dynamics and the mobile behaviors of workers. Then, to consider uncertainties of photovoltaic (PV) power, scenario-based stochastic programming is integrated into the ADN optimization model. To further realize the stochastic energy management of the ADN with office buildings in a distributed manner, the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is used to solve the ADN optimization model. The original ADN optimization problem is divided into the network-side and the building-side sub-problems to effectively protect the privacy of the ADN and the office buildings. Finally, the ADN optimization model incorporating office buildings is validated in the winter by numerical studies. In addition, the impacts of comfort temperature range and expected state of charge (SOC) at the departure are analyzed.
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398,706 |
Please write an abstract with title: Express lightpaths and shared protection in optical mesh networks, and key words: Protection, Intelligent networks, Optical fiber networks, Mesh networks, Telecommunication traffic, All-optical networks, Routing, Costs, Wavelength division multiplexing, Bandwidth. Abstract: A Pan-European network designed with hybrid all-optical express path routing and OEO-switched shared mesh restoration required 31% fewer transceivers than an all-OEO-switched network and a 60% lower bandwidth-distance product than a 1+1 protected all-optical network
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398,707 |
Please write an abstract with title: Real-Time Locomotion Mode Recognition and Assistive Torque Control for Unilateral Knee Exoskeleton on Different Terrains, and key words: Legged locomotion, Exoskeletons, Knee, Real-time systems, Sensors, Torque control, Stroke (medical condition). Abstract: Stroke may lead to considerable physical impairment and functional disability, which affects walking ability. As a potential way to assist gaits, lower limb exoskeletons have been developed. To supply appropriate assistive torque, real-time accurate recognition of current gait mode is important. In this article, a hierarchical control system was proposed to recognize locomotion modes in real time for a unilateral knee exoskeleton on different terrains with specific assistive control strategies. Support vector machine classifier was used to recognize the locomotion mode based on two inertia measurement units. The corresponding assistive control strategy was designed according to the recognition result. Real-time recognition experiments under assistive torque control were conducted on five able-bodied subjects and one stroke patient, respectively. For the able-bodied subjects: first, no significance was found on the total recognition accuracies whichever the leading leg was for the five subjects (p = 0.057), which indicated the proposed method in this article was suitable whichever the leading leg was as far as the overall classification accuracy was concerned. Second, transitions occurred in swing phase when the leading leg was the paretic leg and transitions occurred in stance phase when the leading leg was the sound leg. No significance was found on mean delay time for the five subjects (p = 0.785) whichever the leading leg was, which indicated that the proposed method in this article was suitable for these two leading legs as far as the mean delay time were concerned. Third, the method of generating the assistance based on the previous gait cycle time was demonstrated to be reasonable and the tracking performance of the torque could meet the requirement. For the stroke patient, similar experimental results were obtained.
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398,708 |
Please write an abstract with title: Recent advances in the MICHELLE 2D/3D electron gun and collector modeling code, and key words: Electrons, Geometry, Particle tracking, Finite element methods, Electrostatics, Particle beams, Optical beams, Ion sources, Guns, Iron. Abstract: Summary form only given. The MICHELLE code is a new finite-element (FE) two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) electrostatic particle-in-cell (PIC) code that has been designed to address the recent beam optics modeling and simulation requirements for vacuum electron devices, ion sources, and charged-particle transport. Problem classes specifically targeted include depressed collectors, gridded-guns, multi-beam guns, sheet-beam guns, and ion thrusters. The focus of the development program is to combine modern finite-element techniques with improved physics models. The code employs a conformal mesh, including both structured and unstructured mesh architectures for meshing flexibility, along with a new method for accurate, efficient particle tracking. Particle emission models for thermionic beam representation are included that support primary emission and secondary emission. Secondary emission is handled with an advanced model. Also, new ion source plasma conditions and charge exchange models are included. This presentation focuses on two significant advances to MICHELLE over the past year; hybrid structured/unstructured mesh support, and a time-domain electrostatic algorithm. The hybrid structured/unstructured mesh support enables MICHELLE to use the most-appropriate meshing geometry for the task. Smooth, structured meshes are ideal for tracking particles through regions with simply geometries. Unstructured meshes are ideal for meshing complicated geometries, and more readily supports adaptive mesh refinement. In regions where the mesh is represented by smooth, relatively uniform meshes, the particle tracking has reduced numerical noise. However, complicated geometries can be intractable to generate a mesh for using structured meshes.
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398,709 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Development of Educational Application with Virtual Reality Placing Objects System Using Snap Zone Technology, and key words: Training, Educational programs, Conferences, Virtual reality, Games, Object recognition, Engines. Abstract: The paper considers the problem of creating training simulator systems for educational institution and enterprises with the content of interaction elements between the user and virtual objects, namely the process of placing objects for interaction in the virtual world. The analysis of existing solutions that are aimed at solving the problem of placing interactive objects in their places using the Snap Zone method is carried out. This method allows to place objects in the specified revenge with the specified rotation parameters. During the description of the available solutions, their weaknesses were identified, one of which is an increase in the number of created instances of objects.All this made it possible to understand the need to develop the new method of forming the positioning of instances of objects with given coordinates and rotation values. Also, during development, it was decided to create a single solution that could be easily scaled for various types of objects and projects without the need to introduce additional components into the system.The algorithm which reduces the number of placed objects on the stage by forming an additional prefab of the interaction object has been proposed. It allows not to be attached to the types of instances and to form various types of interactions with their further configuration.The proposed algorithm can be used in the development of educational programs and courses in which the user interacts with a large number of objects on the stage. It can also be noted that the implementation of this algorithm for placing objects is possible on all popular game engines. Because of this, the proposed algorithm is not tied to the development language, which makes it more flexible for implementation.
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398,710 |
Please write an abstract with title: Workload Analysis of Cloud Resources using Time Series and Machine Learning Prediction, and key words: Integrated circuits. Abstract: Most of the businesses now-a-days have started using cloud platforms to host their software applications. A Cloud platform is shared resource that provides various services like software as a service (SAAS), infrastructure as a service (IAAS) or anything as a service (XAAS) that is required to develop and deploy any business application. These cloud services are provided as virtual machines (VM) that can handle the end user's requirements. The cloud providers must ensure efficient resource handling mechanisms for different time intervals to avoid wastage of resources. Auto-scaling mechanisms would take care of using these resources appropriately along with providing an excellent quality of service. Auto-scaling supports the cloud service providers achieve the goal of supplying the required resources automatically. It use methods that will calculate the number of requests and decides the resources to release based on workload. The workload consists of some quantity of application program running on the machine and usually some number of users connected to and communicating with the computer's applications. The researchers have used various approaches to perform autoscaling which is a process to predict the workload that is required to handle the end users request and provide required resources as Virtual Machines (VM) disruptively. Along with providing uninterrupted service, the businesses also only pay for the service they use, thus increasing the popularity of Cloud computing. Based on the workload identified the resources are provisioned. The resource provisioning techniques is a model used for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, applications, and services) required resources are released. In this regard, the aim of this paper is to develop a framework to predict the workload using deep learning which would be able to handle provisioning of cloud resources dynamically. This framework would handle the user request efficiently and allocate the required virtual machines. As a result, an efficient dynamic method of provisioning of cloud services would be implemented supporting both the cloud providers and users.
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398,711 |
Please write an abstract with title: Attendance System Based on Face Recognition Technology, and key words: Wireless communication, Tensors, Databases, Face recognition, Punching, Neural networks, Companies. Abstract: With the continuous advancement of industrialization, various enterprises have also emerged. With the continuous expansion of the scale of enterprises, personnel attendance management has also become an important part of the standardized and healthy development of enterprises. Initially, the company adopted the traditional card punching method. This method can achieve employee attendance to a certain extent, but it has problems such as easy loss of cards and inconvenient attendance. The use of face recognition technology can be very convenient and easy to realize the statistics of employee attendance. Therefore, this graduation project decided to design a get off work attendance system. By using Tensor flow as the back-end Keras to build a convolutional neural network, and then using the neural network to realize the face recognition of employees. When the recognition is over, this graduation project is linked to a SQL database to record the recognition results. In addition, this graduation project also adds the functions of adding, deleting, modifying, and searching to the system to edit the SQL database to facilitate entry, deletion, modification, and retrieval of employee information.
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398,712 |
Please write an abstract with title: An Intelligent System for Rumor Recognition and Rumor Sentiment Judgment, and key words: Support vector machines, Machine learning algorithms, Biological system modeling, Decision making, Stability analysis, Classification algorithms, Econometrics. Abstract: The healthy operation of the stock markets depends on the accuracy, timeliness, and openness of information. However, rumors interfere with investors’ decision-making, influencing their sentiments. More notably, with the development of Internet technologies, rumors based on digitized platforms have more serious interference with the stock market. Not only undermining information transparency, but also imposing huge risks to the stock market. Therefore, we propose an intelligent system based on the CNN algorithm, which can simultaneously recognize and judge the sentiment of the rumor information in digitized platforms. Our results found: 1) CNN-based algorithm is more accurate in classifying massive short-text information and rumor categorization performance is better than the other algorithm; 2) CNN-based algorithm has obvious advantages in rumor sentiments judgment with accuracy of experimental results higher than both other algorithm and traditional financial method; 3) rumor sentiment judgment results have been validated proving they are appropriate for econometric models.
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398,713 |
Please write an abstract with title: Low-Temperature Attacks Against Digital Electronics: A Challenge for the Security of Superconducting Modules in High-Speed Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) Trains, and key words: Temperature sensors, Temperature distribution, Temperature dependence, Magnetic levitation vehicles, Memory management, Memory modules, Superconducting magnets. Abstract: This work examines volatile memory modules as ephemeral key storage for security applications in the context of low temperatures. In particular, we note that such memories exhibit a rising level of data remanence as the temperature decreases, especially for temperatures below 280 Kelvin. Therefore, these memories cannot be used to protect the superconducting modules found in high-speed Magnetic Levitation (MagLev) trains, as such modules most often require extremely low temperatures in order to provide superconducting applications. Thus, a novel secure storage solution is required in this case, especially within the oncoming framework concept of the internet of railway things, which is partially based on the increasing utilisation of commercial off-the-shelf components and potential economies of scale, in order to achieve cost efficiency and, thus, widespread adoption. Nevertheless, we do note that volatile memory modules can be utilised as intrinsic temperature sensors, especially at low temperatures, as the data remanence they exhibit at low temperatures is highly dependent on the ambient temperature, and can, therefore, be used to distinguish between different temperature levels.
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398,714 |
Please write an abstract with title: Diseño de un sistema de control jerárquico sobre equipos de climatización en función de la demanda de potencia en un edificio educativo [Not available in English], and key words: Mathematical model, Atmospheric modeling, Media, Software packages, Silicon, Monitoring, Matlab. Abstract: No English translation of this document was provided by the author or conference organizers.
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398,715 |
Please write an abstract with title: Lessons learned from real DSL experiments, and key words: DSL, Graphics, Domain specific languages, Design engineering, Databases, Specification languages, Marine vehicles, Portable computers, Prototypes, Data mining. Abstract: Over the years, our group, led by Bob Baker, designed and implemented three domain-specific languages for use by outside people in real situations. The first language described the communication format of messages used by NATO to specify command-and-control messages between people and equipment; the processor we generated checked these messages for consistency. The second language was in part graphical, part textual, and was used to demonstrate how naval ship formations were constituted and the constrained movements they could undergo. The last language was a mixture of graphics, text, and declarative information specified using three different COTS products. It was used to describe census survey "instruments," used to collect census data in the field. The code generated was to be installed in the survey takers' laptops. Each of these was actually a prototype for what would have taken more time to engineer and polish before putting into practice. Although each effort was essentially successful, none of the languages was ever followed up with the subsequent engineering efforts that we expected or at least hoped for. The first two were demonstrated and reviewed informally. The last effort was more seriously reviewed, in that training sessions and a formal review process were undertaken to evaluate the potential effectiveness of the product. Herein I elaborate where these language efforts succeeded and where they failed, gleaning lessons for others who take the somewhat risky step of committing to develop a DSL for a particular user community.
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398,716 |
Please write an abstract with title: Spatio-temporal texture synthesis and image inpainting for video applications, and key words: Redundancy, Video compression, Discrete cosine transforms, Transform coding, Fast Fourier transforms, Data compression, Motion compensation, Image coding, Arithmetic, Video codecs. Abstract: In this paper we investigate the application of texture synthesis and image inpainting techniques for video applications. Working in the non-parametric framework, we use 3D patches for matching and copying. This ensures temporal continuity to some extent which is not possible to obtain by working with individual frames. Since, in present application, patches might contain arbitrary shaped and multiple disconnected holes, fast Fourier transform (FFT) and summed area table based sum of squared difference (SSD) calculation (S.L. Kilthau, et al, 2002) cannot be used. We propose a modification of above scheme which allows its use in present application. This results in significant gain of efficiency since search space is typically huge for video applications.
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398,717 |
Please write an abstract with title: From IPv4 to IPv6: the case of OpenH323 library, and key words: Computer aided software engineering, Libraries, Protocols, Guidelines, Operating systems, Informatics, Shape, Internet, IP networks, Costs. Abstract: We discuss our experience form porting the OpenH323 platform to IPv6. We briefly discuss the structure of the platform, and we present the various problems we faced and choices we made, regarding the easiest approach to the porting procedure, the compatibility with earlier, IPv4-only versions of the platform, the existence of tools that could aid us with the porting task and the verification of results. We believe that the results of our effort can serve as guidelines for other similar projects and we present a general methodology which might be applicable to similar porting projects.
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398,718 |
Please write an abstract with title: Stabilization of two-dimensional single-input bilinear systems with a finite number of constant feedback controllers, and key words: Nonlinear systems, Feeds, Control systems, Adaptive control, Switched systems, Clocks, Systems engineering and theory, Feedback, Nonlinear control systems, Symmetric matrices. Abstract: In this paper, we consider the control problem of stabilizing a class of two-dimensional bilinear systems with a finite number of constant feedback controllers along with appropriate switchings. We show that the bilinear systems under consideration are stabilizable either by one constant feedback controller, or by two such controllers, or that they are not stabilizable by a finite number of such controllers.
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398,719 |
Please write an abstract with title: Making Sequential Consistency Practical in Titanium, and key words: Titanium, Performance analysis, Parallel programming, Yarn, Programming profession, Optimizing compilers, Runtime, Pipeline processing, Linear algebra, Kernel. Abstract: The memory consistency model in shared memory parallel programming controls the order in which memory operations performed by one thread may be observed by another. The most natural model for programmers is to have memory accesses appear to take effect in the order specified in the original program. Language designers have been reluctant to use this strong semantics, called sequential consistency, due to concerns over the performance of memory fence instructions and related mechanisms that guarantee order. In this paper, we provide evidence for the practicality of sequential consistency by showing that advanced compiler analysis techniques are sufficient to eliminate the need for most memory fences and enable high-level optimizations. Our analyses eliminated over 97% of the memory fences that were needed by a na¨ýve implementation, accounting for 87 to 100% of the dynamically encountered fences in all but one benchmark. The impact of the memory model and analysis on runtime performance depends on the quality of the optimizations: more aggressive optimizations are likely to be invalidated by a strong memory consistency semantics. We consider two specific optimizations pipelining of bulk memory copies and communication aggregation and scheduling for irregular accesses and show that our most aggressive analysis is able to obtain the same performance as the relaxed model when applied to two linear algebra kernels. While additional work on parallel optimizations and analyses is needed, we believe these results provide important evidence on the viability of using a simple memory consistency model without sacrificing performance.
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398,720 |
Please write an abstract with title: Reformulation of the coupled-mode theory of multiwaveguide systems, and key words: Transmission line matrix methods, Dielectric losses, Waveguide theory, Tellurium, Propagation constant, Isolation technology, Lead, Differential equations. Abstract: We show that by proper reformulation the coupled-mode theory of Hardy and Streifer can be reconciled with that of Haus et al based on a variational principle. The new formulation has the merit of leading to simpler coupled-mode equations while giving marginally more accurate results.
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398,721 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design of Double-Body Car-Snake Hybrid Transformable Robot, and key words: Mobile robots, Wheels, Gears, Force, Wireless communication, Switches. Abstract: Transformable robots are attracting increasing interest because of their ability of strong environmental adaptability. In this paper, a double-body car-snake hybrid transformable robot with flexible movement and strong environmental adaptability was developed to meet the needs of automatic inspection in complex industrial environments. A special connecting rod with aid of the digital steering gear was designed for the transformable robot, which enables it to quickly switch between car-shaped and snake-shaped moving postures. The transformable robot was also equipped with special mecanum wheels, which allow it to move quickly and omnidirectionally in open areas with the car-shaped posture. In addition, the mecanum wheels can provide the critical axial driving force for the robot in the snake-shaped posture, and with the help of angle control of the digital steering gear, the robot can easily cross the narrow curved channels with different radians. The details of the mechanical and electrical control system design were provided in this paper. Moreover, various motion modes of the transformable robot in different scenarios were demonstrated through experiments.
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398,722 |
Please write an abstract with title: Optimization Strategy for New Energy Consumption Based on Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rough Set Theory, and key words: Wind power generation, Resistance heating, Energy storage, Cogeneration, Hydrogen, Hybrid power systems, Rough sets. Abstract: Imitate the consumption method for wind power segment compensation, using intuitionistic fuzzy rough set theory, propose the use of ambiguity, uncertainty and other properties to dynamically divide the state of wind power consumption, divides a combined heat and power system containing an electro-thermal hybrid model including equipment such as electrolytic hydrogen, microturbine, electric boiler, etc. into a normal state, an alert state, and an emergency state. Then, on the basis of situational division, establish system optimization models in different situations, and the particle swarm algorithm is used to solve the model. The analysis results of the calculation examples show that the operating cost of the system divided by the intuitionistic fuzzy rough set theory is lower than that required by the traditional situation division method; under the intuitionistic fuzzy division method, the system state judgment is more flexible and accurate, compared with the traditional division method, the electro-thermal hybrid model in this mode can absorb more abandoned wind and meet the system's electricity and heat requirements.
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398,723 |
Please write an abstract with title: The localization method for active identification of the interval model, and key words: Equations, Parameter estimation, Vectors, Information technology, Symmetric matrices, Artificial intelligence, Iterative methods, Strips. Abstract: The localization method for active identification of the interval model's parameters is proposed. Computer modeling results, which confirm the efficiency of the method are shown.
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398,724 |
Please write an abstract with title: Patterns for International Cooperation between Innovation Clusters. Cases of CFAA and ruhrvalley, and key words: Industries, Technological innovation, Renewable energy sources, Systematics, Ecosystems, Urban areas, Collaboration. Abstract: Initiatives such as "Industry 4.0" in Germany and "Basque Industry 4.0" in the Basque Country (Spain) have been helping companies to be competitive in the fast-changing environment and evolving markets. However, it would not be possible to achieve those goals without a close collaboration between applied research enabled by Higher Education Institutions (HEI) and companies from different industries. This collaboration contributes significantly to research, development and innovation processes facilitated by the exchange of knowledge and technology. Innovation clusters like CFAA (Zamudio, Spain) and ruhrvalley (Herne, Germany) are successful cases of collaboration strategies between industry, HEIs and government. Even though the first research partnership focuses on advanced aeronautical manufacturing, and the second one on renewable energy and electromobility, they share the same scope of research, development and innovation (R&D&I) projects realisation. Therefore, these R&D&I institutions share the common language of project management in the field of Industry 4.0. This article focuses on the systematic analysis of common elements of two innovation clusters and the finding of patterns towards collaboration between them, which can lead to the improvement of local ecosystems of the involved parties.
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398,725 |
Please write an abstract with title: Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for Image Classification of Indonesia Sign Language Using Tensorflow, and key words: Assistive technology, Gesture recognition, Training, Internet, Convolutional neural networks, Image recognition, Image classification. Abstract: Sign language is a communication system that consists of a set of written symbols or characters for speech and hearing-impaired society to communicate with other people. Understanding sign language is challenging because it requires memorizing hand poses and gestures. This suggests a demand for an automatic sign language recognition system that allows everyone to understand this language. In this research, we have used the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Architecture and Tensorflow library to build the model image of classification. Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO) dataset is used as the data source, which contains 2659 images of Indonesian Sign Language (BISINDO) twenty-six (26) letter categories. The images are divided into training and validation datasets. The experimental results show that the model has achieved an accuracy of 96.67% on the training dataset, and an accuracy of 100% for the validation dataset. In the image classification phase, we uploaded multiple images of alphabet characters and got the result of 100% accuracy for each alphabet character.
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398,726 |
Please write an abstract with title: Maximum likelihood using an array processor, and key words: Maximum likelihood estimation, Signal processing algorithms, Parameter estimation, Space stations, Application software, Libraries, Circuits, Laboratories, DH-HEMTs, NASA. Abstract: Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a method used to calculate the parameters of a dynamic system. It can be applied to a large class of problems and has good statistical properties. The main disadvantage of the MLE method is the amount of computation required. This paper describes how the computation time can be reduced significantly by using an array processor. The estimation of the parameters of a dynamic model of the space station is used as an example to evaluate the method.
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398,727 |
Please write an abstract with title: Extreme Ultraviolet Second Harmonic Generation using a seeded soft X-ray laser, and key words: Spectroscopy, Ultraviolet sources, Free electron lasers, X-ray lasers, Harmonic analysis, Frequency conversion, Mirrors. Abstract: Non-linear interactions between light and matter are crucial for widespread applications in physical sciences, life science and engineering. Second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation spectroscopy in the near infrared and optical range have enabled intriguing insights into surface properties and how they influence for instance chemical reactions [1] . Expansion of these methods by developing non-linear X-ray spectroscopies has recently added the capability of studying surfaces [2] , symmetry-breaking [3] and buried interfaces [4] with elemental specificity. However, widespread application is currently limited by access to free-electron laser facilities. Here we report the first generation of second harmonic emission in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV-SHG) at the titanium M-edge. The experiments were carried out with a high-harmonic seeded SXRL [5] bringing nonlinear XUV spectroscopy with atomic specificity to the table-top. The SXRL pulses with an energy of (14 ± 2) nJ, a pulse duration of (1.73 ± 0.13) ps, wavelength of 32.8 nm and a Gaussian-like beam profile is focused down with a gold ellipsoidal mirror down to an elliptical spot with a size of roughly 20 µ m x 40 µ m. The estimated intensity on target is about of (1.0 ± 0.1)•10 10 W/cm 2 . In the focus we exceeded the damage threshold fluence of 2 mJ/cm 2 and observed single-shot damage of 50 nm Ti foils. At these intensities we also generate second harmonic light at 75.6 eV. The fundamental and SHG beams are refocused with a toroidal mirror, spectrally separated by a grating and imaged on a cooled CCD camera.
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398,728 |
Please write an abstract with title: Cooperated Spectral Low-Rankness Prior and Deep Spatial Prior for HSI Unsupervised Denoising, and key words: Noise reduction, Tensors, Noise measurement, Convolutional neural networks, Optimization, Iterative methods, Adaptation models. Abstract: Model-driven methods and data-driven methods have been widely developed for hyperspectral image (HSI) denoising. However, there are pros and cons in both model-driven and data-driven methods. To address this issue, we develop a self-supervised HSI denoising method via integrating model-driven with data-driven strategy. The proposed framework simultaneously cooperates the spectral low-rankness prior and deep spatial prior (SLRP-DSP) for HSI self-supervised denoising. SLRP-DSP introduces the Tucker factorization via orthogonal basis and reduced factor, to capture the global spectral low-rankness prior in HSI. Besides, SLRP-DSP adopts a self-supervised way to learn the deep spatial prior. The proposed method doesn’t need a large number of clean HSIs as the label samples. Through the self-supervised learning, SLRP-DSP can adaptively adjust the deep spatial prior from self-spatial information for reduced spatial factor denoising. An alternating iterative optimization framework is developed to exploit the internal low-rankness prior of third-order tensors and the spatial feature extraction capacity of convolutional neural network. Compared with both existing model-driven methods and data-driven methods, experimental results manifest that the proposed SLRP-DSP outperforms on mixed noise removal in different noisy HSIs.
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398,729 |
Please write an abstract with title: Bootstrap test for relevant change in heavy tailed time series, and key words: Monte Carlo methods, Time series analysis, Rivers, Security, Computational intelligence. Abstract: This paper concentrates on the relevant mean change point detecting in heavy tailed time series. We applied a CUSUM statistic to test this problem and proposed a bootstrap method to compute its critical values. Monte Carlo simulations indicate that the proposed test procedure can control the empirical size well and obtain satisfy empirical power. Specially, it has better empirical power performance than the available method when the relevant change point nears to the edge of time series. Finally, we illustrated our test procedure via a set of Nile River data.
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398,730 |
Please write an abstract with title: Cloud Simulator Search Framework The Vigilant Fetcher, and key words: Real World Experimentation, Cloud Computing, Manual Simulator Selection Tools, Modelling Frameworks, Tool Selection advice. Abstract: Availing cloud computing services is the need of time. In contrast to being sold as a product, pooled resources, software, and data are made available to users as a network-based utility in cloud computing. Real-world experimentation is expensive and challenging to conduct. As a result, a virtual cloud environment that mimics the real cloud was required. As a result, a lot of effort is put into creating cloud modeling frameworks that only include a small portion of the various components. In order to choose the best tool, it is necessary to thoroughly compare the available simulators based on a number of criteria. Large number of simulators available online. Manual simulator selection that meets all the user requirements is complex and time-consuming process. In this post, a framework will be introduced that enables researchers to quickly and easily choose the best simulator for their purposes. The best tool selection advice is then provided for researchers, cloud environment providers, and managers by offering with the simulator list, best matches with their requirements. Several scenarios are utilized effectively to evaluate the commonly used simulator's performance. The remaining issues and potential challenges for future study are then discussed.
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398,731 |
Please write an abstract with title: On the determination of an on-demand policy for a multilayer control system, and key words: Nonhomogeneous media, Control systems, Feedback, Time varying systems, Automatic control, Transfer functions, Filtering, Uncertainty, Electron tubes, Linear systems. Abstract: The cost-performance tradeoff problem associated with a multilayer control system for controlling a class of static, nonlinear, multivariable systems is considered. The multilayer control system has a number of layers of control functions each of which updates different subsets of the control variables at different costs. A favorable cost-performance tradeoff is achieved by determining at each control decision time which subset of the control variables is to be updated. In this paper, we present a mathematical model which describes the operation of the multilayer control system. Also we show that the problem of determining a decision rule (policy) which results in an optimal cost-performance tradeoff can be formulated as a problem in Markovian decision processes. Consequently, an optimal policy can be identified by solving a linear program. In order to reduce the computational effort required for identifying the optimal policy, a class of parameterized policies is introduced based on a measure of deviation of the disturbance. This approach provides a designer with a practical method of determining a control policy which achieves a favorable cost-performance tradeoff. An example is given for demonstrating a possible application to process control.
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398,732 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design of goods tracking system with mobile detectors, and key words: Detectors, Object detection, Ice, Sprites (computer), Informatics, Costs, Proposals, History, Prototypes, Remotely operated vehicles. Abstract: Determining the physical location of indoor objects is a key issue in ubiquitous computing. Although there have been many proposals to provide physical location, these have had several restrictions such as dependence on the type and size of objects and trade-offs between location accuracy and the number of sensing devices. We propose an approach to removing these restrictions using mobile detectors. This paper describes the design of a goods tracking system called MobiTra that estimates the locations of any indoor objects using detection histories sent by mobile detectors. MobiTra is separated by several components and two data flows. A prototype for MobiTra was developed using an active RF system and Cricket, which can obtain a high degree of accuracy. We evaluated how accurately MobiTra estimated location in an environment that generated MTR errors. The errors affected the size of the estimated area and its position. We propose a new method of estimating location to be used in environments that generate MTR errors.
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398,733 |
Please write an abstract with title: A combined particle/Kalman filter for improved tracking of beam aspect targets, and key words: Target tracking, Particle tracking, Particle beams, Noise measurement, Particle filters, Gain measurement, Equations, Particle measurements, Covariance matrix, Kalman filters. Abstract: Track continuity is difficult to maintain when tracking beam aspect targets. The loss of Doppler discrimination allows clutter to mask the target return, making it nearly impossible to detect. In order to improve tracking performance, a combination particle/Kalman filter has been developed. The tracking filters obviate each other as appropriate. When a target enters a Doppler blind zone, the particle filter replaces the Kalman filter as the tracking algorithm until the target exits the zone. The particle filter expands over the uncertainty region so that when the target is once again visible, it can immediately resume track via re-initialization of the Kalman filter. This paper discusses the design and simulation of this algorithm and shows the resulting improvement in track continuity. We briefly discuss how our combined particle/Kalman filter approach can be used to address the problem of targets obscured in altitude return.
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398,734 |
Please write an abstract with title: Predicting sugar regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana using kernel learning methods, and key words: Kernel, Learning systems, Organisms, Performance analysis, Sugar, Predictive models, Spatial databases, Biological system modeling, Error analysis, In vivo. Abstract: The ability to predict the transcriptional regulation of genes, based on the composition of the upstream promoter region, would be a useful step in deciphering gene regulatory networks in eukaryotic organisms. In this paper we perform optimally regularised kernel Fisher discriminant (ORKFD) analysis of the upstream promoter sequences of genes to predict whether they are up- or down-regulated in response to glucose in the model plant Arahuiopsis thaliana. Three feature selection strategies are investigated, namely use of known promoter motifs drawn from the PLACE database, explicit enumeration of all possible k-mers and the use of the mismatch kernels (which effectively permits the construction of a linear model in the space of all possible k-mers with up to in mismatches). The leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) error rate indicates that approximately two-thirds of the observed regulatory behaviour can be inferred by the presence of particular motifs in the upstream promoter sequence. The analysis has yielded novel biological insight, which has since been confirmed experimentally in vivo.
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398,735 |
Please write an abstract with title: Artificial Intelligence in Data-Driven Analytics for the Personalized Healthcare, and key words: Analytical models, Medical services, Machine learning, Feature extraction, Mathematical model, Informatics, Diseases. Abstract: Among the various developments in progress over the last decade, we have seen the generous growth of information investigation to take care of, plan, and use a lot of information beneficially. Be that as it may, because the analysis of evidence will only operate for authentic information and have findings as predefined by individuals, explicit principle-based calculations have been developed to broaden the investigation of information, “Which is usually referred to as “AI”. AI didn't expect PCs to be personalized unambiguously, which is a definite bit of leeway. In order to break down information and construct complicated equations to foresee models, which was called prescient analysis, AI was then joined with information inquiry. A set of laws characterized by persons, known as prescient equations, drive the prescient inquiry, and are used to break down genuine knowledge in order to predict potential outcomes.
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398,736 |
Please write an abstract with title: Privacy-Preserving Search for a Similar Genomic Makeup in the Cloud, and key words: Genomics, Bioinformatics, Hospitals, Data privacy, Medical services, Encryption, Indexing. Abstract: Increasing affordability of genome sequencing and, as a consequence, widespread availability of genomic data opens up new opportunities for the field of medicine, as also evident from the emergence of popular cloud-based offerings in this area, such as Google Genomics [1]. To utilize this data more efficiently, it is crucial that different entities share their data with each other. However, such data sharing is risky mainly due to privacy concerns. In this article, we attempt to provide a privacy-preserving and efficient solution for the “similar patient search” problem among several parties (e.g., hospitals) by addressing the shortcomings of previous attempts. We consider a scenario in which each hospital has its own genomic dataset and the goal of a physician (or researcher) is to search for a patient similar to a given one (based on a genomic makeup) among all the hospitals in the system. To enable this search, we propose a hierarchical index structure to index each hospital’s dataset with low memory requirement. Furthermore, we develop a novel privacy-preserving index merging mechanism that generates a common search index from individual indices of each hospital to significantly improve the search efficiency. We also consider the storage of medical information associated with genomic data of a patient (e.g., diagnosis and treatment). We allow access to this information via a fine-grained access control policy that we develop through the combination of standard symmetric encryption and ciphertext policy attribute-based encryption. Using this mechanism, a physician can search for similar patients and obtain medical information about the matching records if the access policy holds. We conduct experiments on large-scale genomic data and show the high efficiency of the proposed scheme.
|
398,737 |
Please write an abstract with title: Similarity Calculation Algorithm for Intelligent Electronic Customer Service Problems, and key words: Weight measurement, Customer services, Semantics, Tools, Synchronization, Mathematical model, Multi-layer neural network. Abstract: Customer service question similarity calculation is a key technology in the development of intelligent electronic customer service system, and its main challenge comes from how to find the correlation between words. In response to this challenge, the paper proposes a weighted text similarity calculation method based self-attention. The paper uses deep neural network BiLSTM and self-attention vectors to carry out text similarity research, and explores the problem of deep neural network and self-attention vectors describing the semantic relationship between words. The research of this paper is of great significance to improve the service quality of the intelligent electronic customer service system, and provides new ideas for the accurate comparison of text semantics. The paper takes the semantically vague and complex Chinese text as the research object, and uses the deep neural network structure design, self-attention vector calculation, dynamic weighting, and synchronization comparison as processing methods. Combined with the development of the Weizhong bank intelligent electronic customer service system, an intelligent electronic Customer service question matching experiment platform is constructed. Experimental results show that the dynamic weighted self-attention text similarity calculation model is superior to the existing models in terms of calculation accuracy and running time. It has certain reference value for the development of similar intelligent electronic customer service systems.
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398,738 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design and Implementation of PT100 Thermal Resistance Temperature Signal Isolation Transmitter Based on FPGA, and key words: Temperature measurement, Temperature sensors, Automation, Transmitters, Thermal resistance, Platinum, Process control. Abstract: In the field of industrial measurement and control, platinum resistance temperature signals are widely transmitted in the form of current signals. Platinum resistance temperature signals often need to participate in a variety of control or display process loops after being converted into current signals. The PT100 thermal resistance temperature signal isolation transmitter is mainly used for isolation and transmission of PT100 sensor signal. However, the transmitter has conversion errors and the conversion errors of different channels of the transmitter are generally different, so the current values of different output channels of the transmitter are generally inconsistent. With the long-term operation of the industrial process control system, this numerical difference may increase gradually be unbearable. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a design scheme of the isolation transmitter based on Field Programmable Gate Array(FPGA). In this design scheme, FPGA collects the current value of each output channel, runs the automation correction algorithm, adjusts the value of the output current dynamically, and finally makes the current value of each output channel remain consistent. The hardware implement and test of the current isolation transmitter are carried out and the test results show that this thermal resistance temperature signal transmitter implementation scheme is feasible.
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398,739 |
Please write an abstract with title: Overview of Single-Stage High-Frequency Isolated AC–DC Converters and Modulation Strategies, and key words: Inductors, Topology, Energy storage, Modulation, Periodic structures, Bridge circuits, Capacitors. Abstract: The single-stage high-frequency (HF) isolated ac–dc converter has the advantages of high-power density, long life, and high efficiency. It has a broad application prospect in distributed power generation, ac microgrid, and energy storage system. In this article, its topologies are classified according to the energy storage components. The structure and operating principle of various topologies are introduced. Furthermore, the development of extended multiport single-stage HF isolated ac–dc converter is introduced. On this basis, the advantages and disadvantages, typical characteristics, cost, and power loss of various topologies are analyzed and summarized. Finally, the key issues that need to be solved are pointed out and the development trends are explored. This article aims to provide a reference for the subsequent research on single-stage HF isolated ac–dc converters and the advancement of their practicability.
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398,740 |
Please write an abstract with title: Wideband Body-Matched Loop-Dipole Composite Antenna for Electromagnetic Fatty Liver Detection Systems, and key words: Microwave antennas, Slot antennas, Dipole antennas, Magnetic resonance imaging, Phantoms, Liver, Nonhomogeneous media. Abstract: A compact wide-band body-matched loop-dipole antenna for electromagnetic fatty liver detection systems is presented. To improve signal penetration, the antenna is designed to be matched to the human body. The antenna consists of a combination of an electric dipole and a slot radiating loop to increase the front to back ratio (FBR). The dipole is directly excited using coaxial cable, whereas the loop is excited using electromagnetic coupling between the loop and the dipole. The antenna is designed on a human body model consisting skin, fat, muscle and the average human thorax layers. The proposed loop-dipole composite achieves 15 dB improvement in the electric field intensity FBR and more than 10 dB enhancement in the signal penetration into the multilayer human phantom compared to a conventional dipole antenna. The antenna has a compact size of 0.3 λ0× 0.2 λ0× 0.01 λ0 (where λ0 is wavelength at lowest operation frequency) with a wide fractional bandwidth of 100% from 0.6 GHz to 1.8 GHz.
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398,741 |
Please write an abstract with title: A new radiated immunity test method using rotating AM-EM fields and its application, and key words: Radio frequency, Immunity testing, IEC standards, Signal generators, Electromagnetic fields, Character generation, TEM cells, Circuit testing, Frequency estimation, Polarization. Abstract: 3D radiated immunity characteristics can be obtained using a turntable together with our previously proposed radio-frequency radiated-immunity test method which uses slowly rotating electromagnetic fields. This paper clarifies how to generate the rotating amplitude-modulated electromagnetic fields and presents experimentally measured immunity characteristics of an audio amplifier, which show the effectiveness of this method
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398,742 |
Please write an abstract with title: An Assessment on Integration of Wireless Sensor Networks with Cloud Computing, and key words: Wireless sensor networks, Cloud computing, Processor scheduling, Market research, Real-time systems, Energy efficiency, Resource management. Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) provides a major responsibility in the collection and processing of information from the real world. Similarly, cloud computing provides distributed platforms and resource sharing with the help of WSNs. The combination of these two technologies gives ease to communicate in virtual communities which is very beneficial in different domains. Cloud computing can be merged with WSNs in various applications. This will provide an easier way to understand sensor’s data in real-time environments. We are going to perform a detailed survey on integration of WSNs with cloud computing and its infrastructural approaches in this research paper.
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398,743 |
Please write an abstract with title: Red-Emitting Carbon Dots for MicroLED Application, and key words: Polymers, Light emitting diodes, Color, Image color analysis, Ink, Carbon, Carbon dioxide. Abstract: We report 635 nm red-emitting carbon dots with a 230 nm Stokes shift, quantum yield more than 30%, and a wide UV-blue range excitation. We demonstrate the UV-curable carbon dot-embedded polymer for microLED application.
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398,744 |
Please write an abstract with title: The accuracy of a low-power approach for jammer angle-of-arrival estimation, and key words: Array signal processing, Geology, Superresolution, Jamming, Global Positioning System, Antenna arrays, Signal to noise ratio. Abstract: Approaches to the geolocation of radio emitters typically involves the down-conversion, digitisation and subsequent signal processing of signals impinging on an antenna array. For geolocation using angle-of-arrival (AoA), a variety of different super-resolution algorithms have been proposed. Although these vary in performance and assumptions, they often present a significant computational burden, requiring the determination of covariance matrices, subsequent eigen-decomposition and analysis. This has a significant impact on ultimate power consumption. In this paper we consider the AoA accuracy of an approach using a low-power array based on steerable sum/difference beamforming. We evaluate its use and accuracy in an application for the identification of Global Positioning System (GPS) jammers in vehicles. It is shown that this relatively simple approach performs well when the signal to noise ratio is sufficiently high.
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398,745 |
Please write an abstract with title: Structure-based analysis of Web sites, and key words: Navigation, Web pages, Information retrieval, Internet, Data analysis, Performance analysis, Statistical analysis, Costs, Clustering algorithms, Web page design. Abstract: The performance of information retrieval on the Web is heavily influenced by the organization of Web pages, user navigation patterns, and guidance-related functions. Having observed the lack of measures to reflect this factor, this paper focuses on an approach based on both structure properties and navigation data to analyze and improve the performance of Web site. Two types of indices are defined two major factors for analysis and improvement - "accessibility" reflects the structure property to measure how easy the user can access the pages and "popularity" implies the navigation data primarily based on the log statistics. The accessibility and popularity (A-P) plot serves as a compass for the Web designer to get an overview of current performance status and explore in the possible directions for improvement to balance the design anticipation and navigation expectation.
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398,746 |
Please write an abstract with title: UAV-enabled Wireless Powered Communication for Energy-Efficient Federated Learning, and key words: Three-dimensional displays, Computational modeling, Wireless networks, Benchmark testing, Autonomous aerial vehicles, Collaborative work, Servers. Abstract: Federated learning (FL) has found numerous applications in wireless and mobile networks thanks to its distinctive features. However, efficient FL networks require to address the energy limitation of FL users. Exploited the flexible deployment and agile mobility of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), this work proposes to dispatch the UAV with edge computing capabilities as an aerial energy source to wirelessly power FL users and as an aerial server for model aggregation. In this regard, we investigate a resource allocation problem that minimizes the energy consumption of FL users and the aerial server. To resolve the nonconvexity of the formulated problem, we propose to decompose the entire set of variables into three blocks, and then develop an iterative algorithm. Simulations results are presented to show that our proposed algorithm significantly outperforms several benchmarks.
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398,747 |
Please write an abstract with title: QoS multicast routing based on a heuristic genetic algorithm, and key words: Routing, Genetic algorithms, Multicast algorithms, Delay, Quality of service, Optical computing, Encoding, Bandwidth, Costs, Heuristic algorithms. Abstract: The problem of computing the bandwidth-delay-constrained least-cost QoS multicast routing is an NP-complete problem. We present a new efficient heuristic algorithm for the QoS multicast routing that depends on bounded end-to-end delay and link bandwidth along the path from the source to each destinations, and minimum cost of Steiner tree. In this algorithm, the modified determinant encoding is used for genotype representation. The major objectives of this study are: to modify the determinant encoding to be suitable for the QoS-constrained Steiner tree problems; to propose a new algorithm for repairing determinant codes for Steiner tree algorithms; to develop a new heuristic GA-based solution to the QoS multicast routing problem with modified determinant encoding and new proposed repair function. To compare the performance of the proposed algorithm with some existing GA-based algorithms, we simulate our algorithm for several networks with different network and multicast sizes. These results show that our proposed algorithm can generate a smaller average tree cost than the mentioned existing algorithms within a reasonable time.
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398,748 |
Please write an abstract with title: Real-Time Primary Frequency Regulation Using Load Power Control by Smart Transformers, and key words: Time-frequency analysis, Sensitivity, Shape, Real-time systems, Voltage control, Frequency control, Load flow control. Abstract: In the last years, the energy production share of power electronics-based generators has kept increasing with respect to the synchronous generation. These power electronics-resources do not offer rotational inertia, resulting in a decrease of the total system inertia and thus in larger frequency deviations during disturbances. Among several corrective solutions studied in the literature, controlling the load consumption is a promising one. Fast in power response and widely distributed in the grid, load control is able to work as power reserve (both upward and downward) during frequency variations. In this regard, a smart transformer (ST)-based solution is proposed. The ST is able to shape load consumption accurately by means of an online load sensitivity identification-based control, and can support the primary frequency regulation in the power system. This paper presents an ST-based real time frequency regulation (RTFR) controller that varies load consumption by means of a voltage-based load control, in response to the frequency deviation in the power grid. The proposed method is described analytically and tested by means of power-hardware-in-loop experiments in order to show the effectiveness of the RTFR controller in real-time conditions and applications.
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398,749 |
Please write an abstract with title: Low power programmable shader with efficient graphics and video acceleration capabilities for mobile multimedia applications, and key words: Graphics, Acceleration, Video coding, Engines, Motion estimation, Geometry, Frequency, Energy consumption, Reduced instruction set computing, Multimedia systems. Abstract: In this paper, a low power programmable vertex shader with video coding acceleration instructions is proposed. For mobile multimedia applications, supporting both video and graphics is a promising trend. The proposed programmable graphics engine features a unified architecture that can efficiently execute not only vertex shader operations for graphics but also the motion estimation of video coding algorithms. It can achieve the processing speed of 8.3M vertex geometry transformations per second and 6.25M polygons per second with the working frequency of 50 MHz and the power consumption of 20 mW. Furthermore, the floating/fixed-point data path, the reconfigurable memory, and special instructions are designed to be able to accelerate the key operation, motion estimation, in video coding. The execution of motion estimation on the proposed graphics engine is shown to be 80 times faster than RISC type processors and can achieve real-time video coding requirements with diamond search algorithm for 30 CIF (352/spl times/288) frames per second with [-16, 15] search range. This powerful graphics and video dual-function programmable engine is shown to be a good solution for multimedia consumer products.
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398,750 |
Please write an abstract with title: Designing a Framework of an Integrated Network and Security Operation Center: A Convergence Approach, and key words: Pandemics, Phishing, Process control, Organizations, SQL injection, Network security, Nervous system. Abstract: Cyber-security incidents have grown significantly in modern networks, far more diverse and highly destructive and disruptive. According to the 2021 Cyber Security Statistics Report [1], cybercrime is up 600% during this COVID pandemic, the top attacks are but are not confined to (a) sophisticated phishing emails, (b) account and DNS hijacking, (c) targeted attacks using stealth and air gap malware, (d) distributed denial of services (DDoS), (e) SQL injection. Additionally, 95% of cyber-security breaches result from human error, according to Cybint Report [2]. The average time to identify a breach is 207 days as per Ponemon Institute and IBM, 2022 Cost of Data Breach Report [3]. However, various preventative controls based on cyber-security risk estimation and awareness results decrease most incidents, but not all. Further, any incident detection delay and passive actions to cyber-security incidents put the organizational assets at risk. Therefore, the cyber-security incident management system has become a vital part of the organizational strategy. Thus, the authors propose a framework to converge a "Security Operation Center" (SOC) and a "Network Operations Center" (NOC) in an "Integrated Network Security Operation Center" (INSOC), to overcome cyber-threat detection and mitigation inefficiencies in the near-real-time scenario. We applied the People, Process, Technology, Governance and Compliance (PPTGC) approach to develop the INSOC conceptual framework, according to the requirements we formulated for its operation [4], [5]. The article briefly describes the INSOC conceptual framework and its usefulness, including the central area of the PPTGC approach while designing the framework.
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398,751 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Discrete-Event Heuristic for Makespan Optimization in Multi-Server Flow-Shop Problems with Machine re-entering, and key words: Computational modeling, Parallel machines, Internet, Servers, Optimization, Manufacturing systems, Clocks. Abstract: Modern Manufacturing, known as Industrial Internet or Industry 4.0, is more than ever determined by customer-specific products, that are to be manufactured and delivered in given lead times and due-dates. Many of these manufacturing systems can be modeled as flow-shops where some of the processes can handle jobs on parallel machines. In addition, complex manufacturing environments contain specific machine loops or re-entry cycles where jobs might re-enter specific processes at some point of the flow-shop chain. A specific server is assigned to a job the first time it visits a machine, and it is quite usual that this job has to be processed by exactly the same server if it re-visits the machine due to quality issues. With the goal of minimizing the makespan, this paper analyzes this complex flow-shop setting and proposes an original discrete-event heuristic for solving it in short computing times. Our algorithm combines biased (non-uniform) randomization strategies with the use of a discrete-event list, which iteratively processes as the simulation clock advances. A series of computational experiments contribute to illustrate the performance of our methodology.
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398,752 |
Please write an abstract with title: Influence of Additive White Gaussian Noise on the OEO Output, and key words: Radio frequency, AWGN, Wireless networks, Stability criteria, Optical fiber networks, Distortion, Synchronization. Abstract: This paper audits the output carrier-to-noise ratio of a single-loop OEO when the incoming signal is contaminated with additive white Gaussian noise. Investigations have been carried out for the possibility of increasing the output carrier-to-noise ratio. A detailed analysis of the hysteresis or `jump phenomenon' of the single-loop OEO has been reported by utilizing the Lyapunov stability criterion. The total output distortion power has been derived assuming Carson's rule for bandwidth to hold, at the input port of the OEO. It has been observed that the injection synchronized OEO acts as an amplifier when the incoming FM signal is contaminated with noise.
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398,753 |
Please write an abstract with title: Spatiotemporal aggregate computation: a survey, and key words: Spatiotemporal phenomena, Aggregates, Application software, Biodiversity, Information analysis, Resource management, Roads, Moon, Spatial databases, Biological system modeling. Abstract: Spatiotemporal databases are becoming increasingly more common. Typically, applications modeling spatiotemporal objects need to process vast amounts of data. In such cases, generating aggregate information from the data set is more useful than individually analyzing every entry. In this paper, we study the most relevant techniques for the evaluation of aggregate queries on spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal data. We also present a model that reduces the evaluation of aggregate queries to the problem of selecting qualifying tuples and the grouping of these tuples into collections on which an aggregate function is to be applied. This model gives us a framework that allows us to analyze and compare the different existing techniques for the evaluation of aggregate queries. At the same time, it allows us to identify opportunities for research on types of aggregate queries that have not been studied.
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398,754 |
Please write an abstract with title: Remaining Useful Life Estimation Based On Feature Reconstruction And Variational Bayesian Inferences, and key words: Degradation, Uncertainty, Time series analysis, Predictive models, Feature extraction, Probabilistic logic, Bayes methods. Abstract: The prediction of remaining useful life (RUL) plays an important role in prognostics and health management (PHM) to improve the reliability of machines and reduce the cycle cost of mechanical systems. In recent years, deep learning (DL) for RUL prediction has become increasingly popular with the dramatic increase in computational power and has yielded a large number of results in research. However, most DL learning prediction frameworks tend to provide only a point estimate, but there is relatively less research on the uncertainty of the prediction and the confidence interval of the prediction results. This paper proposes a variational inferential Bayesian method to enhance the study of prediction result uncertainty, consequently, the output of prediction result changes from a point estimate to a confidence interval output. To improve the prediction accuracy, the feature are extracted and reconstructed, which make the feature degradation more recognizable. Furthermore, an attention mechanism is considered to improve the performance of RUL prediction by assigning weights to the input features. The effectiveness of our proposed method is validated with a publicly available dataset and compared with the-state-of-the-art methods.
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398,755 |
Please write an abstract with title: Tracking a human being via the gray local dissimilarity map, and key words: Target tracking, Kalman filters, Image sequences, Lighting, Visualization, Strain. Abstract: Tracking human being from real scenes has attracted great interest in the computer vision community. We aim in this paper to provide a visual tracking system that is based on a dissimilarity measure. The proposed method includes the gray Local Dissimilarity Map and the Kalman Filter. Experimental results on several image sequences illustrate that the proposed method performs well in several challenging aspects of real world scenes.
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398,756 |
Please write an abstract with title: Inside SSL: accelerating secure transactions, and key words: Acceleration, Web server, Switches, Network servers, Cryptography, Central Processing Unit, Telecommunication traffic, TCPIP, Delay effects, Sockets. Abstract: By defining a protocol that supplies Web clients and servers with cryptographic parameters, the Secure Sockets Layer protocol enables the safe exchange of sensitive data, a crucial aspect of any e-business. The protocol's sticking point is that encrypting and decrypting data requires a tremendous amount of CPU processing power. The burden is especially apparent on the server side, because multiple Web clients often connect to a single Web server. For e-commerce transactions, it's important to implement SSL in a way that doesn't overburden your Web server's CPU and slow down the entire operation. Although the original Web servers that supported SSL did so exclusively in software, SSL adapter cards soon became available to help off-load the server's CPU load and increase performance. Today, content switches with SSL accelerators can encrypt and decrypt data at the network edge, eliminating the need for a Web server's CPU to perform any SSL-related calculations. The article focuses on the relative merits of these newer implementations. A look at the original software-only approach and its drawbacks clarify the reasons that hardware acceleration for SSL became necessary.
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398,757 |
Please write an abstract with title: Array Thinning of Beamformers using Simple Genetic Algorithm, and key words: Geometry, Power demand, Planar arrays, Brain modeling, Power systems, Genetic algorithms. Abstract: The number of array elements of large arrays can be reduced to obtain desired beamforms with low relative side lobe level with the additional benefit of reduced power consumption. However, the traditional methods in doing so prove inefficient. This paper presents how to optimize such large array elements using Simple Genetic Algorithm. Simulations have been carried out on a 1600 element Uniform Rectangular Planar Array. Thinning has been done to achieve side lobe levels of less than -17 Db or approximately 32% improvement from the full array. The resulting beam form and array geometry has also been shown for perspective.
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398,758 |
Please write an abstract with title: Toward a Smell-aware Prediction Model for CI Build Failures, and key words: Measurement, Codes, Conferences, Focusing, Predictive models, Software, Software engineering. Abstract: During the last years, researchers have explored the potential factors behind Continuous integration (CI) build failures focusing mainly on metrics related to code changes, statistics about the project etc. However, code quality indicators such as the presence of bad smells have been rarely discussed in the context of CI. In this paper, we aim at investigating the extent to which CI build failures prediction can be improved by the detection of bad smells. Specifically, we evaluate the contribution of 28 well-known bad smells when added to BF-DETECTOR, an existing tool for CI build failures prediction. We conduct a case study on a dataset of 15,041 Travis CI builds extracted from five GitHub projects. The obtained results demonstrate the efficiency of the smell-aware prediction to improve the F1-score of BF-DETECTOR by 4% on average. In particular, we found that Excessive Parameter List (EPL), Sensitive Equality (SE) and Lazy Test (LT) are the most contributing to the prediction.
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398,759 |
Please write an abstract with title: A framework of AIS based pattern classification and matching for engineering creative design, and key words: Pattern classification, Pattern matching, Design engineering, Power engineering and energy, Machine learning, Pattern recognition, Artificial immune systems, Computers, Immune system, Biology computing. Abstract: The artificial immune system (AIS) is a newly emerged biological computing technology that draws inspiration from vertebrate immune systems. From the computation point of view, AIS is powerful at learning and recognition; hence, a novel paradigm for machine learning and pattern recognition forms. Engineering creative design can be viewed as constraint satisfaction problems, which is NP-hard in essence, thereby it is generally hard for classical methods to solve. Since AIS has great potentials in solving hard and complex problems, it motivates the authors to explore the field of creative mechanism pattern synthesis, one of the most challenging fields in engineering creative design, with AIS. Specially, an engineering framework of AIS based pattern classification and matching is proposed, and the preliminary experiment results show the validity of the proposed method.
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398,760 |
Please write an abstract with title: Extended Vector-Based EB-ESPRIT Method, and key words: Estimation, Harmonic analysis, Direction-of-arrival estimation, Covariance matrices, Speech processing, Microphone arrays. Abstract: The estimation of direction of arrivals (DoAs) from spherical microphone array data is one of the key issues in extracting source information from all-around audio recordings. One such technique is the eigenbeam estimation of signal parameters via the rotational invariance technique (EB-ESPRIT), which separates the signal subspace related to the stationary sound field and then directly estimates DoAs of multiple sound sources. EB-ESPRIT has been evolved in many different ways by involving different types of recurrence relations of spherical harmonics, all of which are able to identify DoAs of a limited number of sources that are noticeably smaller than the number of finite-order spherical harmonic coefficients recorded. In this work, we report that it is possible to go beyond the known limits of detectable sources. The proposed formula is also based on conventional recurrence relations and probably permits to reach the ultimate limit by additional constraints of the signal parameters that can better exploit the highest-order coefficients. Monte-Carlo simulations conducted with various source positions and signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) reveal that the proposed technique can detect more sources with insignificant loss in estimation performance and robustness.
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398,761 |
Please write an abstract with title: Eddy current losses in finite length conducting cylinders, and key words: Eddy currents, Magnetic fields, Frequency, Reactive power, Magnetic analysis, Integral equations, Azimuthal current, Surface treatment, Surface impedance, Boundary conditions. Abstract: This paper introduces normalized graphs for the active and reactive powers absorbed by a finite length magnetic or nonmagnetic cylinder placed in an axial uniform time-harmonic magnetic field. Boundary element analysis is used to treat the integral equations relating the azimuthal current density and the tangential magnetic field at the surface of the cylinder. The values of the powers are normalized w.r.t, the corresponding values in the high frequency limit when impedance boundary condition prevails. An equivalent radius is defined for the finite length cylinder. This is a function of the length to diameter ratio and the power demagnetizing factor. The latter is introduced for magnetic cylinders to account for the nonuniformity of the magnetic field in the low frequency limit. Through this normalization a very compact representation of the active and reactive powers for a very wide range of length to diameter ratio, frequency and permeability is achieved.
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398,762 |
Please write an abstract with title: Busy-Quiet Video Disentangling for Video Classification, and key words: Band-pass filters, Representation learning, Computer vision, Codes, Frequency-domain analysis, Computational modeling, Redundancy. Abstract: In video data, busy motion details from moving regions are conveyed within a specific frequency bandwidth in the frequency domain. Meanwhile, the rest of the frequencies of video data are encoded with quiet information with substantial redundancy, which causes low processing efficiency in existing video models that take as input raw RGB frames. In this paper, we consider allocating intenser computation for the processing of the important busy information and less computation for that of the quiet information. We design a trainable Motion Band-Pass Module (MBPM) for separating busy information from quiet information in raw video data. By embedding the MBPM into a two-pathway CNN architecture, we define a Busy-Quiet Net (BQN). The efficiency of BQN is determined by avoiding redundancy in the feature space processed by the two pathways: one operating on Quiet features of low-resolution, while the other processes Busy features. The proposed BQN outperforms many recent video processing models on Something-Something V1, Kinetics400, UCF101 and HMDB51 datasets. The code is available at: https://github.com/guoxih/busy-quiet-net.
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398,763 |
Please write an abstract with title: Digital electronics platform-based supercontinuum light detection for mid-infrared trace gas sensing, and key words: Methane, Technological innovation, Instruments, Europe, Lasers and electrooptics, Harmonic analysis, Sensors. Abstract: We present a digital platform-based lock-in detection scheme to improve the gas sensing performance of a spectrometer. A numerically-controlled oscillator serves as reference clock to trigger the supercontinuum source and to demodulate the detector signal.
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398,764 |
Please write an abstract with title: Efficient use of circuit & 3D-EM simulation to optimize the automotive Bulk Current Injection (BCI) performance of Ultrasonic Sensors, and key words: RLC circuits, Receivers, Electromagnetic compatibility, Acoustics, Sensors, Integrated circuit modeling, Automotive engineering. Abstract: Ultrasonic sensors have a key role in the park assistance system and upcoming driver-assistance system concepts. Due to high sensitivity of receivers in ultrasonic sensors and strong bulk current injection (BCI) requirements of automotive Original Equipment manufacturers (OEMs), even low quality resonances in the receiver chain of the sensor could amplify the noise induced and may affect the sensor performance during component-level BCI tests according to ISO 11452-4 [1]. In this paper, resonances in the receiver chain and noise-coupling paths are analyzed by means of circuit spice simulation, 3D ElectroMagnetic (3D-EM) & circuit co-simulation and solutions are proposed. Effective use of simulation tools and the approach to start with the analysis is demonstrated in this paper. The simulation results correlates well with BCI pre-compliance test results performed in the semi-anechoic chamber. With this proposed approach described in this paper, influence of PCB & component optimizations in the next revisions of sensor can be anticipated and the BCI performance can be safeguarded.
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398,765 |
Please write an abstract with title: Hierarchical Multi-Objective Optimization of Automobile Seat Frame Based on Grey Fuzzy Logic System, and key words: Optimization, Safety, Computational modeling, Mathematical models, Vehicle safety, Automobiles, Vehicle dynamics. Abstract: In development of the automobile industry, lightweight and safety performance are contradictory, yet they are of great significance.The optimization process of auto parts is a high-dimensional optimization problem which has a variety of regulations limits and safety tests at the same time. In order to address this issue, hierarchical multi-objective optimization of a passenger car seat frame is carried out in this research. Different from previous researches, in this paper, all car seat frame parts are listed as the optimization objects and are given different optimized attributes. Meanwhile, in order to achieve the goal of effectively reducing the sample sizes of the design of experiments, hierarchical optimization is proposed, and the optimization process is divided into three stages. In each stage, components with different optimized attributes are introduced into various safety tests and then conducting design of experiments. On the other hand, through adopting the grey fuzzy logic system to assign the appropriate optimized grade, the optimization process is simplified and the errors caused by the manual selection or unified optimization levels are avoided. The proposed method is considered to be an universal approach to solve the lightweight optimization of the auto parts. Design parameters of the car seat frame before and after the hierarchical multi-objective optimization are compared, it illustrated that total mass and material cost of the seat frame are reduced by 2.3kg (28.5%) and ¥ 13.8 (32.4%) respectively. Moreover, various comparisons are carried out to verify the validity of the optimization method proposed in this paper. In conclusion, the proposed method is quite promising yet with less sample points associated, is an effective mean to solve the multi-objective optimization problems of automobile component.
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398,766 |
Please write an abstract with title: Input-based Analysis Approach to Prevent SQL Injection Attacks, and key words: Databases, SQL injection, Tools, Security, Encoding, Information technology, Benchmark testing. Abstract: SQL injection attack is one of the serious security threat for a database application. It permits attackers to get unauthorized access to the database by inserting malicious SQL code into the database application through user input parameters. In this paper, we propose input-based analysis approach to detect and prevent SQL Injection Attacks (SQLIA), as an alternative to the existing solutions. This technique has two part (i) input categorization and (ii) input verifier. We provide a brief discussion of the proposal w.r.t the literature on security and time cost point of view.
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398,767 |
Please write an abstract with title: Evaluation of interactions of electric fields due to electrostatic discharge with human tissue, and key words: Electrostatic discharge, Humans, Bones, Capacitance, Sparks, Biological system modeling, Power engineering computing, Biomembranes, Shape, Frequency. Abstract: Electrostatic discharges (ESDs) produce in the human tissue very strong electric fields of short duration. Possible biophysical interactions are evaluated by comparing the fields in subcutaneous fat/skin to the thresholds for peripheral nerve stimulation, and by computations of membrane potential and electric fields in cytoplasm of a typical cell in bone marrow. It is found that a 4-A peak ESD event is capable of stimulation of nerves located in subcutaneous fat of the lower arm of the hand eliciting a spark, with tens of kV/m and pulse duration of /spl sim/80 ns. For the same ESD event, the transmembrane potential (TMP) reaches 32 mV with a pulse duration of /spl sim/200 ns (half-width duration). The electric field in the cytoplasm of a bone marrow cell changes from about 8.8 kV/m to-2 kV/m in about 200 ns.
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398,768 |
Please write an abstract with title: Design and Experimental Validation of the Temperature Control of a PEMFC Stack by Applying Multiobjective Optimization, and key words: Optimization, Cooling, Control design, Temperature measurement, PI control, PD control. Abstract: The current environmental challenges require the implementation of environmentally friendly energy production systems. In this context, proton exchange membrane fuel cell stacks (PEMFC) represent, due to their high electrical efficiency and their low level of $CO_{2}$ emissions, a promising alternative technology. However, there are still many technical aspects that need to be improved before they become a commercial reality. One of them is the temperature control of the stack, since its electrical efficiency and its lifetime depend on the performance of this control. In this work, we design a multiloop PID control of the temperature of a PEMFC stack and validate it experimentally. The stack is the prime mover of a micro combined heat and power system (micro-CHP). For this task, we use a previously developed nonlinear model and apply a multiobjective optimization methodology. To assess its performance, the PID control is compared to a second PID control designed with a linearized model. The results show, on the one hand, the importance of having a nonlinear model valid in a wide operation range for the correct design of the temperature control of a PEMFC stack and, on the other hand, the advantages of applying a multiobjective optimization methodology to this problem.
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398,769 |
Please write an abstract with title: The Effect of Freespace Properties on Unilateral Stiffness Classification, and key words: Damping, Conferences, Virtual environments, Haptic interfaces. Abstract: Virtual environments rendered through kinesthetic haptic devices have frequency-dependent dynamic properties that affect perception. Previous studies on the perception of virtual walls have suggested that the properties not only of the wall, but also of the freespace with which it is paired, influence the perceived wall stiffness (bias) and discrimination thresholds. In this work, two experiments were undertaken to examine the effect of mass and damping properties in freespace on virtual wall stiffness classification. The results suggest that there may be alterations to classification performance under large changes in freespace conditions, but that small changes in mass and damping do not appear to significantly affect performance. These results suggest that additional study is needed to fully understand the effects of freespace properties on wall stiffness classification, which may differ from their effects on discrimination or bias.
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398,770 |
Please write an abstract with title: AI-Enabled Secure Microservices in Edge Computing: Opportunities and Challenges, and key words: Microservice architectures, Artificial intelligence, Security, Computer architecture, Edge computing, Computational modeling, Data privacy. Abstract: The paradigm of edge computing has formed an innovative scope within the domain of the Internet of Things (IoT) through expanding the services of the cloud to the network edge to design distributed architectures and securely enhance decision-making applications. Due to the heterogeneous, distributed and resource-constrained essence of edge Computing, edge applications are required to be developed as a set of lightweight and interdependent modules. As this concept aligns with the objectives of microservice architecture, effective implementation of microservices-based edge applications within IoT networks has the prospective of fully leveraging edge nodes capabilities. Deploying microservices at IoT edge faces plenty of challenges associated with security and privacy. Advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) (especially Machine Learning), and the easy access to resources with powerful computing providing opportunities for deriving precise models and developing different intelligent applications at the edge of network. In this study, an extensive survey is presented for securing edge computing-based AI Microservices to elucidate the challenges of IoT management and enable secure decision-making systems at the edge. We present recent research studies on edge AI and microservices orchestration and highlight key requirements as well as challenges of securing Microservices at IoT edge. We also propose a Microservices-based edge computing framework that provides secure edge AI algorithms as Microservices utilizing the containerization technology to offer automated and secure AI-based applications at the network edge.
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398,771 |
Please write an abstract with title: A Modified Back EMF Observer Based Sensorless PV Array-Battery fed PMSM Drive for LEV with Improved INC Based MPPT Algorithm, and key words: Heuristic algorithms, Estimation, Transportation, Rotors, Observers, Electric vehicles, Steady-state. Abstract: This paper presents a solar-PV battery powered PMSM drive for light electric vehicle (LEV) application based on quasi-PR controller with feed forward phase locked loop (FF-PLL). Generally, for medium and high-speed range, back- EMF methods are used. A novel observer based on quasi-PR controller with FF-PLL is utilized for rotor position estimation. This observer is simple in structure and helps to reduce the chattering in the estimated back-EMF. In addition to this, to get maximum power from the roof-top solar PV panel of an EV is a big challenge. An improved variable step MPPT technique is used for getting peak power from rooftop solar PV panel. This algorithm improves the accuracy as well as tracking speed by adapting the step size after each iteration based on the maximum power point position. The obtained results validate the effectiveness of this method for EV application.
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398,772 |
Please write an abstract with title: Wind Turbine Simulator Equipped with Real-Time Monitoring and User-Friendly Parameter Setup Controlled by C2000 Microcontroller, and key words: Wind turbines, Torque, DC motors, Generators, Microcontrollers, Real-time systems, Shafts. Abstract: This paper proposes a wind turbine simulator (WTS) equipped with real-time monitoring and a user-friendly parameter setup controlled by a C2000 microcontroller. This simulator consists of a 5-hp separate-excited DC motor, SIMOREG DC-Converter, which can provide the demanding torque precisely, for researching and developing wind turbine generator systems instead of using actual wind turbines. A grid-connected asymmetrical two-phase induction generator is used to test the operation of the wind turbine simulator. The experimental results confirm that the simulator provides the characteristics like an actual wind turbine. The proposed wind turbine simulator offers flexibility for analyzing the performance of the generator system for an energy conversion system under various operating conditions.
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398,773 |
Please write an abstract with title: Transmission Lines-Based Impedance Matching Technique for Broadband Rectifier, and key words: Rectifiers, Impedance, Broadband communication, Impedance matching, Rectennas, Bandwidth, Schottky diodes. Abstract: A high-efficiency compact broadband rectifier is developed for wireless energy harvesting. A novel three-stage impedance matching technique is utilized in a broadband rectifier design to achieve high conversion efficiency with a compact size. In the rectifier, a low loss impedance matching technique is initiated by employing a linearly tapered transmission line for controlling the impedance curve at the required input power level, followed by two stages to make a circular impedance curve for wideband impedance matching. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of the proposed rectifier are performed. For validation, a prototype is fabricated and demonstrated a broadband performance with a fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 74% (from 1.12 to 2.43 GHz) and power conversion efficiency of more than 50% at a 5 dBm input power level. Moreover, the rectifier can reach an efficiency of more than 50% extending from 0.97 to 2.55 GHz (FBW = 90%) at the input power of 10 dBm, which is the highest bandwidth reported under this condition. This low complexity design is suitable for realizing broadband rectifiers for wireless energy harvesting (WEH) applications.
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398,774 |
Please write an abstract with title: Two-stage Photovoltaic Power Supply Modeling and Simulation Based on Double Closed-loop Control, and key words: Inverters, Photovoltaic systems, Mathematical model, Voltage control, Power supplies, Control systems, Switches. Abstract: In order to study the operating characteristics of distributed power supply, a photovoltaic power supply model that satisfies grid-connected standards needs to be built first. In this paper, for the two-stage photovoltaic power supply, we first set up the mathematical model of the inverter in the abc coordinate system based on its topological structure. In order to solve the problem that the variables are all of the power frequency AC, the dq rotation coordinate system is transformed; in order to realize the decoupling control, the feedforward compensation is introduced. Then, the mathematical model of the inverter in the complex frequency domain is obtained through Laplace transformation, and then a two-stage photovoltaic power supply model based on double closed-loop control is established. Finally, the RTDS real-time digital simulation platform is used to simulate and analyze the important indicators under normal operation and fault conditions. The results prove that the two-stage photovoltaic power supply model mentioned in this paper satisfies the grid-connected photovoltaic power supply standards and can be applied to the analysis and application of engineering projects.
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398,775 |
Please write an abstract with title: Equilibria and learning dynamics in mixed network coordination/anti-coordination games, and key words: Sufficient conditions, Conferences, Directed graphs, Games, Convergence. Abstract: Whilst network coordination games and network anti-coordination games have received a considerable amount of attention in the literature, network games with coexisting coordinating and anti-coordinating players are known to exhibit more complex behaviors. In fact, depending on the network structure, such games may even fail to have pure-strategy Nash equilibria. An example is represented by the well-known matching pennies (discoordination) game.In this work, we first provide graph-theoretic conditions for the existence of pure-strategy Nash equilibria in mixed network coordination/anti-coordination games of arbitrary size. For the case where such conditions are met, we then study the asymptotic behavior of best-response dynamics and provide sufficient conditions for finite-time convergence to the set of Nash equilibria. Our results build on an extension and refinement of the notion of network cohesiveness and on the formulation of the new concept of network indecomposibility.
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398,776 |
Please write an abstract with title: Physical-Layer Secret Key Generation in Power Line Communication Networks, and key words: Meters, Security, Quantization (signal), OFDM, Encryption, Correlation, Impedance. Abstract: Due to the inherent broadcast nature, power line communication (PLC) is vulnerable to eavesdropping. Traditionally, the secret keys are generated/distributed by pre-shared keys, adaptive tone mapping, or asymmetric encryption algorithm. All of these methods face problems such as high computational complexity, high cost, or less security. To solve the problem, a physical layer security (PLS)-based secret key generation (SKG) scheme aiming at the typical in-home broadband PLC network is proposed in this paper. However, the slowly time-varying characteristic and the serious noise interference in PLC channels will degrade the performance of the PLS-based SKG scheme. To break through the limitation of the randomness of PLC channels, two-way random signals are introduced. To make the SKG system more resistant to noise, the channel frequency response-based adaptive quantization (CFR-AQ) algorithm is designed, in which the amplitude threshold and the quantization level are adaptive to the noise power and the target key disagreement rate (KDR) to maximize the key generation rate (KGR). The performance is analyzed in two scenarios: single eavesdropper and multiple eavesdroppers. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme has a good overall performance in terms of KDR, KGR, and security with a lower complexity in the presence of single or multiple non-collusive eavesdroppers, and it can be regarded as an alternative solution to generate secret keys in PLC networks.
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398,777 |
Please write an abstract with title: Optical System for Monitoring Power Lines, and key words: Optical switches, Optical fibers, Optical fiber sensors, Optical variables measurement, Optical fiber cables, Monitoring, Optical polarization. Abstract: Monitoring the status of high-voltage power lines is the most important task of ensuring the reliability of electricity supply. Stable functioning of high-voltage power lines can be implemented by effectively monitoring their basic parameters with an information-measuring system, which has a minimum time for obtaining high-quality measuring information, for instantaneous formation of effects on the control object. Fiber-optic information-measuring systems that allow monitoring temperature, acoustic signals, mechanical loads, etc. are widely used. Given the large length and branching of high-voltage power lines, fiber-optic information-measuring systems increasingly have a distributed structure, so there is a need for their switching.For switching optical fibers, it is proposed to use an acousto-optical switch, providing it at the photon level. An acousto-optical switch can route optical signals in a branched fiber-optic network, providing switching of the input optical fiber to the output fiber-optic array. The relative position of the switch elements is determined. The authors obtained dependencies that determine the capacity and switching time of an acousto-optical switch.The work is devoted to the creation of a fully optical information-measuring system of high-voltage power lines based on acousto-optic switching of optical fibers, used not only as a data line, but also as an extended sensitive element capable of detecting changes in various quantities.
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398,778 |
Please write an abstract with title: High - Density High - Impedance Hybrid Circuit Technology for Gigahertz Logic, and key words: Impedance, Logic circuits, Integrated circuit interconnections, Logic devices, Distributed parameter circuits, Isolation technology, Attenuation, Power transmission lines, Fabrication, Digital circuits. Abstract: A novel hybrid substrate technology suitable for use as a relatively dense interconnecting medium for very high-speed digital logic devices is presented. It has been well established that as the signal rise and fall times of logic circuits become extremely short, the propagation of these signals between devices must be conducted along transmission line structures. Therefore, hybrid substrate technologies must be capable of realizing interconnects between chips which possess desired highfrequency transmission characteristics. This implies a specific, uniform wave impedance, low attenuation, reasonably good isolation between signal lines, and the ability to provide for line matching at either the sending end or receiving end of any path. In order to obtain these transmission properties in a reasonably dense interconnect array, the structures and fabrication technologies must be chosen so that very small linewidths and spacings can be achieved, while maintaining the desired transmission characteristics. Another important consideration is related to the output impedance characteristics of the emerging high-speed digital circuit technologies. Currently, ECL technology is the most widely used for the implementation of complex digital systems requiring ultra-high switching speeds. However, predictions on the potential increase in achievable switching speeds for this technology are limited to 200 to 400 ps. One of the desirable characteristics of this technology is its reasonably low output impedance. This permits the interfacing to a relatively low impedance (50-70 \Omega ) for driving between devices in a conventional transmission line environment. Newer circuit technologies, such as that employing GaAs MESFET's, offer the potential of much shorter switching times (50 to 100 ps). However, this circuit family possesses an inherently higher output impedance when configured in large integrated arrays. Thus the characteristic impedance of the supporting transmission structure must be high in order to minimize the signal attenuation between communicating chips. In fact, a high-impedance transmission structure would be advantageous for any high-speed circuit family, in that it would reduce the amount of power required to drive the information between devices. For these reasons a fine-line monolithic hybrid substrate technology is proposed that can best meet these goals. Although there are several approaches that can be considered to obtain reasonably fine-line transmission structures, it will be shown that by using sapphire as a supporting structure, very narrow widths (5-10 \mum) of aluminum interconnecting transmission lines can be defined yielding 100 to 200-\Omega characteristic impedances.
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398,779 |
Please write an abstract with title: Hybrid Truck-Drone Delivery Systems: A Systematic Literature Review, and key words: Drones, Routing, Electronic commerce, Transportation, Optimization, Costs, Uninterruptible power systems, Product delivery. Abstract: Owing to the continued development of e-commerce, logisticians now have an outstanding obligation to tackle last-mile delivery challenges. A number of logistics providers have suggested the incorporation of drones with trucks to provide a more flexible delivery system. This paper analyzes the content of 95 publications related to hybrid truck-drone delivery systems (HTDDS) in the context of last-mile delivery. First, a brief overview of the potential implementation of drone delivery systems is presented, including their integration with other vehicles. The overview aims to demonstrate the operational characteristics of such systems and their implications. Then, the surveyed literature is classified based on vehicles roles, system configuration, problem formulation, and solution methods. In relation to this research, several key findings and potential research directions are discussed. Despite the high level of interest in HTDDS research, it is still in its early phases and requires improvements in various areas. The payload capacity, speed, range, and energy consumption are all factors that must be considered in the modeling of drone characteristics. Almost all studies identify customer requests before the delivery operation begins. However, customer demands for immediate delivery present an opportunity for real-time optimization to provide solutions for e-commerce activities. Environmental issues are developing, as the last-mile delivery problem is regarded as the most polluting portion of the supply chain. Thus, more consideration should be given to the environmental impact of HTDDS. Finally, research on drone routing related to air traffic management has received relatively little attention.
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398,780 |
Please write an abstract with title: On the power-aware resource allocation for linear-pipelined real-time tasks, and key words: Resource management, Energy consumption, Partitioning algorithms, Real time systems, Voltage control, Oceans, Computer science, Energy efficiency, Power dissipation, Dynamic voltage scaling. Abstract: In this paper, we extend previous works on task assignment problems for a set of linear-pipeline tasks over a set of processors. Different from previous works, we revisit the problems with two additional system factors: deadline and energy-consumption, which are key factors in real-time and power-aware computation. For a set of linear-pipelined real-time tasks (each with same deadline) and a set of processors (or hosts), we discuss how to develop an energy-efficient resource-allocation scheme to assign processors (or hosts) to handle the tasks and set the processor speed properly so that all tasks can be completed by a given deadline and with minimal energy consumption. We propose an O(m/sup 2/logm) time complexity algorithm to determine optimal task-assignment and speed-setting schemes leading to minimal energy consumption, for a given m real-time tasks running on n identical processors (with or without DVS supports). Also, an O(min(n/sup 2/m/sup 2/, nm/sup 2/logm)) time complexity algorithm is proposed for systems with an array of n heterogeneous processors in fixed order.
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398,781 |
Please write an abstract with title: Relationship between muscle hardness estimated by the indentation method and muscle contractile level, and key words: Muscles, Force sensors, Elbow, Force measurement, Electromyography, Least squares approximation, Elasticity, Viscosity, Arm, Least squares methods. Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle contractile level and hardness by the indentation method. Eleven healthy male subjects were involved in this study. The subjects put their arms horizontally on a table. The subjects were instructed to keep the isometric contractile force constant at three elbow angles. The indentation depth and reaction force of the biceps brachii muscle were measured, and electromyogram (EMG) were done. First, EMGs before and during the indentation were compared. The EMGs showed no significant increase during the indentation. The indentation did not affect muscle activities. Next, the force indentation depth curves were approximated with the non-linear Voigt model by the least square method, and the indices of the elasticity and the viscosity were estimated. Then the relationship between the indices and the contractile levels were investigated. The contractile level was the force normalized by that in the maximum voluntary contraction. The elastic indices increased almost linearly as the contractile levels increased. The relationships at different elbow angles did not show significant differences. However, the characteristics of the viscous indices varied depending on the subjects.
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398,782 |
Please write an abstract with title: Improving Mandarin End-to-End Speech Recognition With Word N-Gram Language Model, and key words: Decoding, Lattices, Chaos, Artificial neural networks, Vocabulary, Transducers, Training. Abstract: Despite the rapid progress of end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR), it has been shown that incorporating external language models (LMs) into the decoding can further improve the recognition performance of E2E ASR systems. To align with the modelingunits adopted in E2E ASR systems, subword-level (e.g., characters, BPE) LMs are usually used to cooperate with current E2E ASR systems. However, the use of subword-level LMs will ignore the word-level information, which may limit the strength of the external LMs in E2E ASR. Although several methods have been proposed to incorporate word-level external LMs in E2E ASR, these methods are mainly designed for languages with clear word boundaries such as English and cannot be directly applied to languages like Mandarin, in which each character sequence can have multiple corresponding word sequences. To this end, we propose a novel decoding algorithm where a word-level lattice is constructed on-the-fly to consider all possible word sequences for each partial hypothesis. Then, the LM score of the hypothesis is obtained by intersecting the generated lattice with an external word N-gram LM. The proposed method is examined on both Attention-based Encoder-Decoder (AED) and Neural Transducer (NT) frameworks. Experiments suggest that our method consistently outperforms subword-level LMs, including N-gram LM and neural network LM. We achieve state-of-the-art results on both Aishell-1 (CER 4.18%) and Aishell-2 (CER 5.06%) datasets and reduce CER by 14.8% relatively on a 21K-hour Mandarin dataset. Code is released.
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398,783 |
Please write an abstract with title: Battery SOC Estimation Using extended Kalman Filter and ANN with Measurement of Noise, and key words: Temperature measurement, Computational modeling, Estimation, Training data, Artificial neural networks, State of charge, Mathematical model. Abstract: Estimation of State of charge (SOC) has always been the crucial segment of battery management system (BMS). However, SOC cannot be determined accurately, it can only be estimated. In this work, an electrical equivalent circuit of the Li-Ion polymer battery of rating 11.5 Ah based on Randel's model has been simulated in MATLAB using the results obtained from a practical model. The non-linear nature of the battery is considered with the model dependent on State of Charge (SOC) and temperature variations. In this paper, Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) algorithm and an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm have been employed for SOC estimation. Through EKF method, the simulation results show that the error is less than one percent between true SOC and estimated SOC. Through ANN algorithm, when properly trained with sufficient training data - Neural Network consisting of a single layer is capable of adequately appropriating the non-linear characteristics of a battery. It is found that at 271 epochs, it is able to achieve an error as low as 0.010291 where SOC values are varied from 0 to 1. These methods are equally applicable to other battery models. Keywords- Artificial Neural Network(ANN), Battery management system (BMS), Extended Kalman Filter (EKF), Li - Ion polymer Battery, Non - linear battery model, Randel's model, State of Charge (SOC).
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398,784 |
Please write an abstract with title: Extremal properties of polynomial threshold functions, and key words: Polynomials, Boolean functions, Computer science, Computational complexity, Decision trees, Complexity theory, Circuits, Upper bound, Mathematics, Binary decision diagrams. Abstract: We give new extremal bounds on polynomial threshold function (PTF) representations of Boolean functions. Our results include the following: 1) Almost every Boolean function has PTF degree at most n/2+O(/spl radic/(n log n)). Together with results of Anthony and Alon, we establish a conjecture of Wang and Williams [1991] and Aspnes, Beigel, Furst, and Rudich [1994] up to lower order terms. 2) Every Boolean function has PTF density at most (1-1/O(n))2/sup n/. This improves a result of Gotsman [1989]. 3) Every Boolean function has weak PTF density at most O(1)2/sup n/. This gives a negative answer to a question posed by Saks [1993]. 4) PTF degree /spl lfloor/log/sub 2/m/spl rfloor/+1 is necessary and sufficient for Boolean functions with sparsity m. This answers a question of Beigel [2000].
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398,785 |
Please write an abstract with title: Two-tone pseudo coloring: compact visualization for one-dimensional data, and key words: Data visualization, Displays, Focusing, Large-scale systems, Image recognition, Painting, Meteorology, Computer graphics, Image color analysis, Switches. Abstract: A new pseudo coloring technique for large scale one-dimensional datasets is proposed. For visualization of a large scale dataset, user interaction is indispensable for selecting focus areas in the dataset. However, excessive switching of the visualized image makes it difficult for the user to recognize overview/ detail and detail/ detail relationships. The goal of this research is to develop techniques for visualizing details as precisely as possible in overview display. In this paper, visualization of a one-dimensional but very large dataset is considered. The proposed method is based on pseudo coloring, however, each scalar value corresponds to two discrete colors. By painting with two colors at each value, users can read out the value precisely. This method has many advantages: it requires little image space for visualization; both the overview and details of the dataset are visible in one image without distortion; and implementation is very simple. Several application examples, such as meteorological observation data and train convenience evaluation data, show the effectiveness of the method.
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398,786 |
Please write an abstract with title: Level lines continuation based digital inpainting, and key words: Image restoration, Image reconstruction, Image processing, Partial differential equations, Degradation, Humans, Diffusion processes, Digital images, Bridges, Layout. Abstract: Inpainting digital models have been since the late 1990s a powerful image reconstruction tool for missing data. After the original work of Bertalmio et al. (2000) several different approaches have been used to tackle the problem. Some are based on partial differential equations to model a transport process and a diffusion process, others are based on the Euler elastica functional. This paper presents a model using the level lines continuation to perform the filling-in of the inpainting domain D. The model is proposed in a way as to satisfy the "connectivity principle". The image u(x,y) is represented by a family of level lines and the missing part of the image is filled-in by the propagation of the available surrounding information, from outside to inside of the inpainting domain D along the level lines of the image. After defining the domain D the restoration process becomes automatic and the final result u(x,y,t/sub n/) is carried out by the evolutionary process starting with the initial degraded image u(x,y,0). Examples on real and textured images show the performance of this proposed model.
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398,787 |
Please write an abstract with title: Accuracy Assessment of ZY-3 Stereo Images in Electric Power Engineering Survey, and key words: Satellites, Power transmission lines, Image resolution, Costs, Geology, Poles and towers, Wind farms. Abstract: As the first civilian high resolution stereo mapping satellite in China, the ZY-3 satellite can obtain high-precision terrain data efficiently and quickly, which has broad application prospects. In order to verify the application effect of the ZY-3 data in electric power engineering survey, this paper selects a transmission line project and a wind farm topographic mapping project as the experimental areas. The elevation accuracy of the ZY-3 satellite products is evaluated. Compared with the accuracy of STRM DEM, the results show that the accuracy of ZY-3 satellite data is better than STRM DEM, which can play a good auxiliary role in the electric power engineering survey and design stage.
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398,788 |
Please write an abstract with title: Secure Encoding Scheme for Consensus of Second-order Multi-Agent Systems, and key words: Sufficient conditions, Delay effects, Packet loss, Encoding, Entropy, Eigenvalues and eigenfunctions, Security. Abstract: We consider the problem of consensus of a second-order multi-agent system in the situation where an eavesdropper tends to impact the security of the network. A secure encoding scheme that guarantees both consensus and security of the multi-agent network is designed. In the network, the agents transmit messages to one another through digital channels, and there exists an eavesdropper whose aim is to overhear the state information of the agents in the network. Instead of transmitting the states of themselves, the agents in the network send states of auxiliary systems to defend against the eavesdropper. The concept of topological entropy is utilized to restrict the eigenvalues of the encoding matrix. A sufficient condition is given to guarantee that the network achieves consensus, and the eavesdropper cannot get the accurate estimation of the state of any agent. A simulation example is given to show the performance of the agents and the eavesdropper under the designed encoding scheme.
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398,789 |
Please write an abstract with title: A New Approach Based on Fuzzy-Adaptive Structure & Parameter Learning Applied in Meta-Cognitive Algorithm for ANFIS, and key words: Training, Fuzzy logic, Systematics, Adaptive systems, Inference algorithms, Structural engineering, Fuzzy systems. Abstract: A fuzzy inference system (FIS) is a widely used modeling and simulating approach based on the concept of fuzzy set theory, fuzzy if-then rules and fuzzy logic systems. All fuzzy inference systems have an adaptive composition that parameters are set during the training process. There is not any especial instruction to change the training parameters or the structure of the fuzzy inference systems during the training process. In this paper, a new online approach is proposed to adapt some systematic parameters of a typical fuzzy inference system. Employing this approach, some training and systematic parameters are selected during the training procedure to be constant or to be adaptive. This approach is realized and examined on the Adaptive Neural-fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Meta-cognitive neuro fuzzy inference system (McFIS). The training process of the McFIS consists of two portions which includes a cognitive and a meta-cognitive one. A training mechanism controls the learning process of the cognitive portion. This paper illustrates the meta-cognitive training algorithm for parameterization of the fuzzy inference systems and applies the proposed approach for functional and systematic or structural parameter selection in the meta-cognitive algorithm (McFIS) which ends to some noticeable merits. The idea is examined by numerical examples and the results are compared with other methods. It is shown that the proposed approach reveals acceptable and efficient performance in the structure selection problem.
|
398,790 |
Please write an abstract with title: Extended Frequency Divider for Bus Frequency Estimation Considering Virtual Inertia from DFIGs, and key words: Simulation, Emulation, Doubly fed induction generators, Rotors, Frequency conversion, Frequency estimation, Generators. Abstract: Accurate estimation of local bus frequency is important for effectively controlling both synchronous and nonsynchronous generators. As the power grid evolves to accommodate essential reliability services such as virtual inertia from nonsynchronous generators, conventional techniques to estimate frequency face challenges. This paper proposes a new frequency estimation method that can effectively include the inertia contributions from double-fed wind generators (DFIGs). This is achieved through the proposed extended frequency divider formula (FDF) to include the contributions of DFIGs via Thevenin equivalents. The proposed extended FDF does not suffer from numerical issues as compared to existing phasor angle derivative-based approaches. Moreover, the knowledge of the rotor speeds of the synchronous machine and DFIGs as well as of the network admittance matrix allows estimating the frequencies of all buses in the grid, thereby significantly improving system situational awareness with a limited number of measurements. Numerical results on the IEEE 39-bus power system with DFIGs show that the proposed method achieves more accurate bus frequency estimations than the original FDF formula and other approaches based on the numerical derivation of the bus voltage phase angles.
|
398,791 |
Please write an abstract with title: Room-temperature ferromagnetism in Co/sub x/Ti/sub (1-x)/O/sub 2/ powders made by sol-gel method: a NMR study, and key words: Powders, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Annealing, Magnetic materials, III-V semiconductor materials, Temperature, X-ray lasers, Magnetic semiconductors, Magnetic properties, Magnetic moments. Abstract: Co-doped TiO/sub 2/ system is one of the most promising candidates for room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors. However, the origin on its room-temperature ferromagnetism has not been totally understood. In this paper, Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/ O/sub 2/ powders were fabricated by sol-gel method. The structure and magnetic properties were investigated at different annealing conditions systematically with emphasis on the influence of oxygen pressure. Pure anatase structure was acquired for all samples annealed at 450/spl deg/C for 1 h except the one annealed in oxygen flow. The samples annealed in air exhibit evident room-temperature ferromagnetism with small magnetic moment of 0.029 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom, while the samples annealed in vacuum have strong ferromagnetism with larger magnetic moment of 1.18 /spl mu//sub B/ per Co atom. Zero field spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum of /sup 59/Co detected the existence of Co clusters in the latter samples, implying that the strong ferromagnetism in these samples annealed in vacuum comes from the Co clusters and is not the intrinsic property of the Co/sub 0.04/Ti/sub 0.96/O/sub 2/ materials.
|
398,792 |
Please write an abstract with title: Compact Monitor device for Multicore Fibre with Practically Low loss using Multiple Lenses, and key words: Optical fibers, Multicore processing, Europe, Detectors, Optical fiber communication, Monitoring, Lenses. Abstract: We present two monitor devices using multi-core fibre. Both are built with 1 dB or less loss. One of them is a device with Fan-Out function and the other is a photo detector for multi-core application. Key technology is a new structure using multiple lenses.
|
398,793 |
Please write an abstract with title: Mitigation of Ionospheric Noise in Azimuth Offset Based on the Split-Spectrum Method, and key words: Azimuth, Delays, Synthetic aperture radar, Standards, Spaceborne radar, Area measurement, Motion measurement. Abstract: The pixel-offset method has been utilized as a powerful tool to measure large ground movements. However, L-band spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data are often affected by the ionosphere, which produces serious noises in the azimuth component of the pixel offset field, called as azimuth streaks. Here, we propose a new method to mitigate azimuth streaks based on physical modeling. Azimuth streaks cannot be removed by simply combining the known relationship between ionospheric azimuth offset and the ionospheric phase delay with the phase delay obtained by the split-spectrum method. Thus, taking into account that image matching (coregistration) affects the measurement of azimuth offsets, we formulate a theoretical correction formula of azimuth streaks by subtracting the coregistration-induced effects approximated by a polynomial function from ionospheric azimuth offsets modeled using the split-spectrum method. Applying the method to two pairs of Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 (ALOS-2)/Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar-2 (PALSAR-2) stripmap images which are severely affected by the ionosphere, we demonstrate effective mitigation of azimuth streaks. In the application to the case that no significant ground movement is detected by Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), while the standard deviation of azimuth pixel offset before the correction is 87.2 cm, the value after the correction is 29.2 cm, which is comparable to the theoretical measurement accuracy of the azimuth pixel offset. In the application to the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, we substantially reduce the azimuth streaks and successfully extract the ground movements from the azimuth offset fields within an accuracy of about 20 cm. The result suggests the proposed method enables more accurate and operational estimation of the 3-D ground displacement.
|
398,794 |
Please write an abstract with title: Single-Cut Antenna Characterization from Near Field Data, and key words: Antenna measurements, Meetings, Antennas. Abstract: A new method providing the partial reconstruction in near-field antenna characterization is presented. Its goal is to determine the optimal near-field sampling distribution required to reconstruct the antenna pattern just along some cuts.
|
398,795 |
Please write an abstract with title: Novel epoxy/BaTiO/sub 3/ composite embedded capacitor films embedded in organic substrates, and key words: Capacitors, Polymers, Ceramics, Dielectric materials, Fabrication, Coatings, Electronics packaging, Composite materials, High-K gate dielectrics, Printed circuits. Abstract: Embedded passive technology is an essential technology for further miniaturization and higher performance of electronic package systems. Polymer/ceramic composites have been of great interest as embedded capacitor materials, because they did combine not only the processability of polymers with high dielectric constant of ceramics but also good compatibility with printed circuit boards (PCBs). Novel embedded capacitor films (ECFs) were newly designed for low tolerance embedded capacitor fabrication for organic substrates. In terms of material formulation, ECFs are composed of specially formulated epoxy resin and latent curing agent. And in terms of coating process, a comma roll coating method is used for uniform film thickness in large area. In this paper, it is demonstrated that low tolerance (less than 5%) capacitor can be fabricated using ECFs, and properties of epoxy/BaTiO/sub 3/ composite ECFs are reported. Fabrication process and various properties of ECFs such as dielectric constant, leakage current, adhesion strength, thereto-mechanical characteristics, reliability, and high frequency behavior up to 3 GHz will be presented.
|
398,796 |
Please write an abstract with title: Data Retrieval from RS-485 Implemented Energy Meter for Industrial Monitoring System, and key words: Meters, Cloud computing, Protocols, Web services, Voltage, Smart meters, Internet of Things. Abstract: Monitoring energy parameters now a days is big task. In many industries energy audit can be performed and accordingly notification is developed. Now a days this task can be performed using smart meter. Energy parameters are monitored using smart meter as well Rs485 microcontroller. This research work attempts to implement an energy monitoring system. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol is an application layer protocol. The application layer provides an interface between Internet of Things devices (end nodes). MQTT is designed in such a way that client and server both can communicate with each other. It can initiate the data communication. RS 485 is used for serial communication. Data retrieval process is carried out using RS 485. It is then interfaced with multifunction energy meter. RS485 read the data and transfer it to cloud via Wi-Fi based modem.
|
398,797 |
Please write an abstract with title: Control of Modified Switched Reluctance Motor for EV Applications, and key words: Vibrations, Induction motors, Brushless DC motors, Rotors, Switches, Switched reluctance motors, Stators. Abstract: Environmental pollution and energy shortages are increasingly an issue due to the large number of main stream automobiles with internal combustion engines (ICEs). Electric vehicles (EV) are a great way to save resources and deliver zero-emission automobiles by limiting the energy source. As a result, it is critical to choose the right one. Many types of electric motors have been tested and assessed for electric vehicles in recent decades. Switched reluctance machines (SRMs) are now garnering scientific interest due to their numerous benefits. Because their windage and friction losses are equivalent, they run at a higher overall efficiency than an induction motor with the same rating. Due to the machine's dual salient construction and sequential excitation, torque pulsations are a natural feature of SRMs. In this work, by altering the SRM by adding a stator that looks like a switching reluctance motor's stator and a rotor that looks like a Brushless DC Motor's rotor makes a hybrid motor. This hybrid motor gives better speed range; lower current ripple and lower torque ripple there by reducing machine vibrations by comparing SRM motor. By using MATLAB software, the system has been verified.
|
398,798 |
Please write an abstract with title: Effective executive summaries: a simple but solid paradigm, and key words: Solids, Writing, Abstracts, Power engineering and energy, Shape. Abstract: The abstract or executive summary is a powerful communication device and a mandatory component of many documents: it allows document selection, informs some readers satisfactorily, and orients the others about the rest of the document. Stilt, engineers, scientists, and other professionals are often unsure about what to include in it: for lack of a suitable model, they write it haphazardly or by imitation, omitting parts that are needed for selection or including unnecessary details. This paper proposes a simple but solid paradigm for constructing effective abstracts, based on fifteen years of training and consulting practice. My recommendation to the participants of my training programs is to structure the abstract or executive summary in two parts. The first part (the before,) motivates both the work done and the document, with the necessary context, the need for the work, the task completed, and the object of the document. The second part (the after) conveys the message by stating the findings, interpreting them in a conclusion, and possibly looking ahead in perspectives. This paradigm was successfully put to the test in technical, scientific, and business documents. Besides helping create better abstracts, it helps authors get over any "writer's block".
|
398,799 |
Please write an abstract with title: 3D surfaces synthesis using the wavelet transform, and key words: Surface waves, Wavelet transforms, Surface topography, Wavelet analysis, Image coding, Digital elevation models, Wavelet coefficients, Continuous wavelet transforms, Communication channels, Image resolution. Abstract: The goal of this work is to approach models for three dimensional surfaces, known also as digital elevation models using different kinds of wavelets and different compression ratios for representing the surfaces. We have used real and smooth (ideal) models and the final assessment has been done by the effect of compression on image quality.
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