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The title of 544th richest person in the world once belonged to Donald Trump.
[ { "docid": "49917ce44be87922384810809323c6dc", "text": "Donald Trump Donald John Trump ( born June 14 , 1946 ) is the 45th and current President of the United States . Before entering politics , he was a businessman and television personality . Trump was born and raised in Queens , New York City , and earned an economics degree from the Wharton School . He then took charge of The Trump Organization , the real estate and construction firm founded by his paternal grandmother , which he ran for 45 years until 2016 . During his real estate career , Trump built , renovated , and managed numerous office towers , hotels , casinos , and golf courses . Besides real estate , he started several side ventures and has licensed the use of his name for the branding of various products and properties , including Trump Entertainment Resorts , Trump Steaks , and Trump Vodka . He was the founder of Trump University . He owned the Miss USA and Miss Universe pageants from 1996 to 2015 , and he produced and hosted The Apprentice , a reality television series on NBC , from 2004 to 2015 . His net worth was estimated to be $ 3.5 billion , making him the 544th richest person in the world . Trump first publicly expressed interest in running for political office in 1987 . He won two Reform Party presidential primaries in 2000 , but withdrew his candidacy early on . In June 2015 , he launched his campaign for the 2016 presidential election and quickly emerged as the front-runner among seventeen candidates in the Republican primaries . His remaining opponents all suspended their campaigns by the end of May 2016 , and in July he was formally nominated at the Republican National Convention along with Indiana governor Mike Pence as his running mate . Many of his campaign statements were controversial or false , generating much free media coverage . Trump won the general election on November 8 , 2016 , in a surprise victory against Democratic opponent Hillary Clinton and commenced his presidency on January 20 , 2017 . He became the oldest and wealthiest person ever to assume the presidency , the first without prior military or government service , and the fifth to have won the election while losing the popular vote . His political positions have been described by scholars and commentators as populist , protectionist , and nationalist .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8ba4b860d063cc779c10148844b9016b", "text": "Daniel K. Ludwig Daniel Keith Ludwig ( June 24 , 1897 -- August 27 , 1992 ) was a United States shipping magnate , businessman with numerous companies , and billionaire . He pioneered the construction of super tankers in Japan , founded Exportadora de Sal , SA in Mexico and developed it as the largest salt company in the world , built a model community in association with his huge Jari project on the Amazon River in Brazil to produce pulp paper , and had numerous hotels around the world . Even though he was one of the wealthiest men of his day , with operations spanning 23 countries , his name was little known . Throughout his business life , he maintained a low profile ; he stopped speaking to the press in the 1950s . Ludwig was # 1 on the first Forbes 400 `` Richest Americans '' list , published in 1982 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "842707fe5161d2fbcdd141881760464e", "text": "Strauss–Howe generational theory The Strauss -- Howe generational theory , created by authors William Strauss and Neil Howe , describes a theorized recurring generation cycle in American history . Strauss and Howe laid the groundwork for their theory in their 1991 book Generations , which discusses the history of the United States as a series of generational biographies going back to 1584 . In their 1997 book The Fourth Turning , the authors expanded the theory to focus on a fourfold cycle of generational types and recurring mood eras in American history . They have since expanded on the concept in a variety of publications . The theory was developed to describe the history of the United States , including the 13 colonies and their British antecedents , and this is where the most detailed research has been done . However , the authors have also examined generational trends elsewhere in the world and described similar cycles in several developed countries . Eric Hoover ( 2009 ) has called the authors pioneers in a burgeoning industry of consultants , speakers and researchers focused on generations . Steve Bannon , adviser to President Donald Trump , is a prominent proponent of Strauss -- Howe generational theory . Academic response to the theory has been mixed -- some applauding Strauss and Howe for their `` bold and imaginative thesis '' , and others criticizing the theory . Criticism has focused on the lack of rigorous empirical evidence for their claims , and a perception that aspects of the argument gloss over real differences within the population .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "faee201ee55657ce3a2dfa2023cda97f", "text": "Clemmie Spangler Clemmie Dixon Spangler , Jr. ( born April 5 , 1932 ) , usually known as C. D. Spangler or Dick Spangler , is an American billionaire who served as the President of the University of North Carolina from 1986 to 1997 . He heads National Gypsum . On the Forbes 2016 list of the world 's billionaires , he was ranked # 722 with a net worth of US$ 2.4 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b9c807afd37a9320a32f5f04f4d1bff", "text": "Simon Trumper Simon Trumper ( born 31 May 1963 ) is an English professional poker player from South Kensington , London , England . He is chiefly noted as the winner of Late Night Poker series 2 and runner-up of series 4 . Trumper also commentated on the Late Night Poker Ace spin-off series alongside Jesse May . As a child , Trumper was expelled from secondary school for playing poker dice after finishing a mathematics exam . He started playing in 1995 when he entered a # 10 tournament in Reading with a friend on a night out . He was also bullied a lot due to his surname ` Trumper ' . At the World Series of Poker he has had a 4th-place finish in the 2001 $ 3,000 No Limit Hold-Em event , which also featured Johnny Chan and Kathy Liebert , and a 5th-place finish in the 2005 $ 10,000 Pot Limit Omaha event , which also featured Todd Brunson , Barry Greenstein ( who lost a critical pot to Simon and then complained about it in his blog ) , Erik Seidel , and Julian `` The Kid '' Gardner . He has not yet featured in the World Poker Tour . In May 2005 , he reached the fourth round of the $ 2,000 World Heads-Up Championship , earning $ 3,250 . Trumper owns a pair of gold and diamond aces to cap his cards as a good luck charm . He admires Dave `` The Devilfish '' Ulliott , T. J. Cloutier and Erik Seidel above all other poker players . Outside of poker , Trumper owns a drainage company . He is a non-smoker , and would like to see smoking banned from all poker games . Trumper suffers from the hair loss condition , Alopecia . As of 2008 , his total live tournament winnings exceed $ 1,000,000 . He has a daughter called Kylie Scobie-Trumper . In 2014 , he became the live poker director at the popular poker venue Dusk Till Dawn in Nottingham , England and has withdrawn from playing as much live poker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bff20ed6e8e6a206f492b9d91f23256a", "text": "Sergey Brin Sergey Mikhaylovich Brin ( Серге́й Миха́йлович Брин born August 21 , 1973 ) is a Russian American computer scientist , internet entrepreneur , and philanthropist . Together with Larry Page , he co-founded Google . Brin is the President of Google 's parent company Alphabet Inc. . , Brin is the 13th richest person in the world , with an estimated net worth of US$ 39.8 billion . Brin immigrated to the United States with his family from the Soviet Union at the age of 6 . He earned his bachelor 's degree at the University of Maryland , following in his father 's and grandfather 's footsteps by studying mathematics , as well as computer science . After graduation , he moved to Stanford University to acquire a PhD in computer science . There he met Page , with whom he later became friends . They crammed their dormitory room with inexpensive computers and applied Brin 's data mining system to build a web search engine . The program became popular at Stanford , and they suspended their PhD studies to start up Google in a rented garage . The Economist referred to Brin as an `` Enlightenment Man '' , and as someone who believes that `` knowledge is always good , and certainly always better than ignorance '' , a philosophy that is summed up by Google 's mission statement , `` Organize the world 's information and make it universally accessible and useful , '' and unofficial yet sometimes controversial motto , `` Do n't be evil '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b76d18391b4436b19b5d7f0b98945cce", "text": "Peter Thiel Peter Andreas Thiel ( -LSB- ` tiːl -RSB- born October 11 , 1967 ) is an American entrepreneur , venture capitalist , philanthropist , political activist , and author . He was ranked No. 4 on the Forbes Midas List of 2014 , with a net worth of $ 2.2 billion , and No. 246 on the Forbes 400 in 2016 , with a net worth of $ 2.7 billion . Thiel was born in Frankfurt , and holds German citizenship . He moved with his family to the United States as an infant , and spent a portion of his upbringing in Africa before returning to the U.S. . He studied philosophy at Stanford University , graduating with a B.A. in 1989 . He then went on to the Stanford Law School , and received his J.D. in 1992 . After graduation , he worked as a judicial clerk for Judge James Larry Edmondson , a securities lawyer for Sullivan & Cromwell , a speechwriter for former-U.S. Secretary of Education William Bennett and as a derivatives trader at Credit Suisse prior to founding Thiel Capital in 1996 . He then co-founded PayPal in 1999 , and served as chief executive officer until its sale to eBay in 2002 for $ 1.5 billion . After the sale of PayPal , he founded Clarium Capital , a global macro hedge fund . He launched Palantir Technologies , an analytical software company , in 2004 and continues to serve as its chairman as of 2016 . His Founders Fund , a venture capital firm , was launched in 2005 along with PayPal partners Ken Howery and Luke Nosek . Earlier , Thiel became Facebook 's first outside investor when he acquired a 10.2 % stake for $ 500,000 in August 2004 . He sold the majority of his shares in Facebook for over $ 1 billion in 2012 , but remains on the board of directors . He also co-founded Valar Ventures in 2010 and operates as its chairman , co-founded Mithril Capital , of which he is investment committee chair , in 2012 , and has served as a partner at Y Combinator since 2015 . Thiel is involved with a variety of philanthropic and political pursuits . Through the Thiel Foundation , he governs the grant-making bodies Breakout Labs and Thiel Fellowship , and supports life extension , seasteading and other speculative research . A founder of The Stanford Review , he is a conservative libertarian who is critical of excessive government spending , high debt levels , and foreign wars . He has donated to numerous political figures , and provided financial support to Hulk Hogan in Bollea v. Gawker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b53333990f2a7778bd985ada5e10b30", "text": "United States presidential election, 2016 The United States presidential election of 2016 was the 58th quadrennial American presidential election , held on Tuesday , November 8 , 2016 . The Republican ticket of businessman Donald Trump and Indiana Governor Mike Pence defeated the Democratic ticket of former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and U.S. Senator from Virginia Tim Kaine . Trump took office as the 45th President , and Pence as the 48th Vice President , on January 20 , 2017 . Concurrent with the presidential election , Senate , House , and many gubernatorial and state and local elections were also held on November 8 . Voters selected members of the Electoral College in each state , in most cases by `` winner-takes-all '' plurality ; those state electors in turn voted for a new president and vice president on December 19 , 2016 . While Clinton received about million more votes nationwide , a margin of % , Trump won 30 states worth a total of 306 electors , or 57 % of the 538 available . He won the perennial swing states of Florida , North Carolina , Ohio , and Iowa , as well as Clinton 's `` blue wall '' states of Michigan , Pennsylvania and Wisconsin , which had been Democratic strongholds in presidential elections for decades . Leading up to the election , a Trump victory was considered unlikely by almost all media forecasts . In the Electoral College vote on December 19 , seven electors voted against their pledged candidates : two against Trump and five against Clinton . A further three electors attempted to vote against Clinton but were replaced or forced to vote again . Ultimately , Trump received 304 electoral votes and Clinton garnered 227 , while Colin Powell won three , and John Kasich , Ron Paul , Bernie Sanders , and Faith Spotted Eagle each received one . Trump is the fifth person in U.S. history to become president while losing the nationwide popular vote . He is the first president without any prior experience in public service or the military , as well as the wealthiest and the oldest at inauguration , while Clinton was the first woman to be the presidential nominee of a major party and the first woman to win the popular vote . This was the first time since the 1984 re-election of Ronald Reagan that Wisconsin voted for a Republican , and the first time since 1988 that the Republican nominee won the states of Pennsylvania and Michigan , as well as Maine 's second congressional district . It was also the first time since the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson that an electoral vote split occurred in Maine . On January 6 , 2017 , the United States government 's intelligence agencies concluded that the Russian government interfered in the 2016 United States elections . A joint U.S. intelligence review stated with high confidence that `` Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the US presidential election . Russia 's goals were to undermine public faith in the US democratic process , denigrate Secretary Clinton , and harm her electability and potential presidency . '' Investigations about potential collusion between the Trump campaign and Russian officials were started by the FBI , the Senate Intelligence Committee and the House Intelligence Committee . Donald Trump has criticized these conclusions by citing a lack of evidence , calling it a `` hoax '' and `` fake news , '' stating in a tweet : `` The Russia-Trump collusion story is a total hoax , when will this taxpayer funded charade end ? ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3e2b5cc5337bd41556da2ef1f53b7a8", "text": "Trump Home Trump Home is a brand of furniture and home items marketed by American businessman and now President of the United States Donald Trump and owned by Trump 's company , The Trump Organization . Trump Home was launched in July 2007 , with two furniture lines manufactured by Lexington Home Brands . A third furniture line was made available in 2008 , at which point the brand was available in more than 18 international territories . A year later , the company partnered with Serta to produce mattresses under the Trump Home name . A line of Trump-branded tabletop crystal , manufactured by a Slovenian company , was launched in 2010 . Trump Home has also sold light fixtures , rugs , bath and bedding collections , and a candle and fragrance diffuser collection . In 2011 , Lexington chose not to renew its licensing agreement with Trump Home . Two years later , Trump Home entered a partnership with furniture company Dorya International to manufacture Trump-branded furniture . Serta ended its affiliation with Trump Home after Donald Trump described Mexican immigrants as `` rapists '' while announcing his 2016 presidential campaign . Lifestyle , a Dubai-based retailer of Trump Home products , also ended their affiliation with the company in 2015 , after Trump announced his plan to ban all Muslims from entering the United States . Other retailers have discontinued sales of Trump Home products since Trump was elected in November 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40f8ca77f636d59959931794809f20d0", "text": "The Visionary The Visionary ( or The Entrepreneur ) is a 1989 painting of the American businessman and politician Donald Trump by the American artist Ralph Wolfe Cowan . It hangs in Trump 's Palm Beach , Florida , residence of Mar-a-Lago .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "768239c1c70668d21a8780993a1cb59e", "text": "Donald Regan Donald Thomas `` Don '' Regan ( December 21 , 1918 -- June 10 , 2003 ) was the 66th United States Secretary of the Treasury , from 1981 to 1985 , and White House Chief of Staff from 1985 to 1987 in the Ronald Reagan Administration , where he advocated `` Reaganomics '' and tax cuts to create jobs and stimulate production . Before serving in the Reagan administration , Regan served as Chairman and CEO of Merrill Lynch from 1971 to 1980 . He had worked at Merrill Lynch since 1946 and before this he had studied at Harvard University and served in the United States Marine Corps , achieving the rank of lieutenant colonel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3127b93b198315b619300de71f092c9", "text": "Residences of Donald Trump U.S. President Donald Trump currently has seven residences . During his time at the New York Military Academy , he lived on campus ; he later rented row houses in college . In 1971 , Trump moved to a studio on 75th Street in Manhattan . Since the completion of Trump Tower in 1983 , Trump has lived in a three-level penthouse on the top floors . He purchased the Seven Springs mansion in Bedford , New York in 1995 . Upon Trump 's election to the US presidency , he moved into the White House in Washington , D.C. while First Lady Melania and their son will stay at Trump Tower in Manhattan until the end of the school year before moving to the White House as well .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44acc66673b6296fa08c14489602b25e", "text": "One57 One57 , formerly known as Carnegie 57 and nicknamed `` The Billionaire Building '' , is a 75-story ( marketed as 90-story ) supertall skyscraper at 157 West 57th Street between Sixth and Seventh Avenues in the Midtown neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . Upon completion in 2014 , it stood at 1,005 ft tall , making it the tallest residential building in the city for a few months until the completion of 432 Park Avenue . The building has 92 condominium units on top of a new Park Hyatt Hotel with 210 rooms , which is set to become the flagship Hyatt property . The building 's developer is Extell Development Company , and the contractor was Lend Lease Project Management & Construction , As of January 2015 , it is home to the most expensive residence ever sold in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a168371622a730c3d986670e9c08faf9", "text": "John Doerr L. John Doerr ( born June 29 , 1951 ) is an American venture capitalist at Kleiner Perkins Caufield & Byers in Menlo Park , California , in Silicon Valley . In February 2009 , Doerr was appointed a member of the President 's Economic Recovery Advisory Board to provide the President and his administration with advice and counsel in trying to fix America 's economic downturn . , Forbes ranked Doerr as the 135th richest person in the world , with a net worth of US $ 4.1 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7714cfce008f837b00f0e4d17c9b42d2", "text": "James C. Kennedy James Cox Kennedy ( born 1948 ) is an American media executive and the current chair of Cox Enterprises , the media conglomerate founded by his grandfather , James M. Cox . According to the Forbes 400 list in 2008 , he is the 49th richest person in the United States , through his $ 6.5 billion stake in the company . He was featured in a Forbes article entitled `` This Billionaire Knows The Secret To Saving A Family Business '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8146a9e7fd4aca78a0b74d3fe10ffed", "text": "American upper class The American upper class is a social group consisting of the people who have the highest social rank and who are usually rich . People of this social class are socioeconomically distinguishable from other classes by its greater influence , power , and wealth . The American upper class is composed of members born into this class , called members of Old money ; as well as those who have acquired their wealth and influence within their own generation , called the Nouveau riche . In a CNBC Millionaire Survey it can be observed that a majority of millionaires polled , representing the wealthiest 10 percent of Americans , described themselves as middle class ( 44 % ) or upper middle class ( 40 % ) . `` The study of attitudes is reasonably easy -LSB- ... -RSB- it 's concluded that for roughly 70 % of the population -- the lower 70 % on the wealth/income scale -- they have no influence on policy whatsoever . They 're effectively disenfranchised . As you move up the wealth/income ladder , you get a little bit more influence on policy . When you get to the top , which is maybe a tenth of one percent , people essentially get what they want , i.e. they determine the policy . So the proper term for that is not democracy ; it 's plutocracy . '' -- Noam Chomsky . Many Politicians , heirs to fortunes , top business executives , CEOs , successful venture capitalists , those born into high society , and some celebrities may be considered members of this class . Some prominent and high-rung professionals may also be included if they attain great influence and wealth . The main distinguishing feature of this class , which is estimated to constitute roughly 1 % of the population , is the source of income . While the vast majority of people and households derive their income from wages or salaries , those in the upper class derive their income from investments and capital gains . Estimates for the size of this group commonly vary from 1 % to 2 % , while some surveys have indicated that as many as 6 % of Americans identify as `` upper class . '' Sociologist Leonard Beeghley sees wealth as the only significant distinguishing feature of this class and , therefore , refers to this group simply as `` the rich . '' Sociologists such as W. Lloyd Warner , William Thompson and Joseph Hickey recognize prestige differences between members of the upper class . Established families , prominent professionals and politicians may be deemed to have more prestige than some entertainment celebrities who in turn may have more prestige than the members of local elites . Yet , contemporary sociologists argue that all members of the upper class share such great wealth , influence and assets as their main source of income as to be recognized as members of the same social class . As great financial fortune is the main distinguishing feature of this class , sociologist Leonard Beeghley at the University of Florida identifies all `` rich '' households , those with incomes in the top 1 % or so , as upper class . In 1998 , Bob Herbert of The New York Times referred to modern American plutocrats as `` The Donor Class '' ( list of top donors ) and defined the class , for the first time , as `` a tiny group -- just one-quarter of 1 percent of the population -- and it is not representative of the rest of the nation . But its money buys plenty of access . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a64e67de634462fcd55ee7262cef03df", "text": "Not My Presidents Day `` Not My Presidents Day '' ( sometimes `` Not My President 's Day '' , or `` Not My Presidents ' Day '' ) was a series of rallies against the President of the United States , Donald Trump , held on Washington 's Birthday ( an American federal holiday also known as Presidents ' Day ) , February 20 , 2017 . Protests were held in dozens of cities throughout the United States . Demonstrations were also held outside London 's Houses of Parliament , and in Orkney . The marches were mostly coordinated through Facebook . Organizers of the protest stated that although Trump was the president , they wanted to show that he did not represent their values . Los Angeles was the first city to plan a `` Not My Presidents Day '' rally , which was attended by more than a thousand protesters . New York City saw the largest demonstration , with an estimated 10,000 to 13,000 people attending a rally outside Trump International Hotel and Tower . The events were mostly peaceful , although thirteen people were arrested in Portland , Oregon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2943c8ba586b8648bf43f5c3815c98f0", "text": "Trump Ocean Club International Hotel and Tower The Trump International Hotel & Tower Panama ( formerly Trump Ocean Club or Trump Ocean Club International Hotel and Tower ) is a 70-story , 2500000 sqft , mixed-use waterfront condominium tower development in Panama City , Panama . The project was designed by Colombian architects Arias - Serna - Saravia S.A. . The building is situated on a beachfront lot with views of the Pacific Ocean and Panama Bay , in the area of Punta Pacifica . The building was developed by real estate tycoon Donald Trump of the Trump Organization and Roger Khafif , President of the K Group , a Panama resort developer . The project includes 369 hotel condominium units , 700 condominium units , 1500 parking spaces , retail shops , casino , use of a private beach club on Viveros Island , yacht club and pier , wellness spa , gym , pool deck , meeting and event spaces , and a business center . The hotel opened on July 6 , 2011 . On September 21 , 2011 , it was indicated by Bloomberg.com that Fitch Ratings downgraded $ 220 million in bonds that Newland International Properties , Corp. is using to finance construction of the Trump International Hotel & Tower in Panama . The downgrade to CCsf from B-sf , resulted from `` continued uncertainty over the willingness and ability '' of buyers to take possession of apartment units , according to Fitch documents . In November 2012 , Sun International announced plans to open a 75000 sqft casino at the property with 600 slot machines and 32 table games . The company paid $ 45.5 million for the rights to the space , and planned to spend another $ 60 million to develop it for an opening in mid-2014 . Its similar style to the Burj Al Arab , a hotel in Dubai , United Arab Emirates , has been noticed , and court proceedings over the similarities took place .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "129e9cf5d678fe17d3d655e57e026899", "text": "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt The presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4 , 1933 , when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States , and ended upon his death on April 12 , 1945 , a span of ( 4422 days ) . Roosevelt assumed the presidency in the midst of the Great Depression . Starting with his landslide victory over Republican President Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election . He won a record four presidential terms , and became a central figure in world affairs during World War II . His program for relief , recovery and reform , known as the New Deal , involved a great expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy . Under his steady leadership , the Democratic Party built a `` New Deal Coalition '' of labor unions , big city machines , white ethnics , African Americans , and rural white Southerners , that would significantly realign American politics for the next several decades in the Fifth Party System and also define modern American liberalism . During his first hundred days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his attempted packing of the Supreme Court , and blocked most of his legislative proposals , aside from the Fair Labor Standards Act . When the war began and unemployment largely became a non-issue , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the WPA and CCC , but kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs from the New Deal include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , and Social Security . A potential worldwide war loomed after 1937 , with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , which invaded Poland in September 1939 . Roosevelt remained officially neutral but gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China , the United Kingdom , Free France , and the Soviet Union via initiatives such as the Lend-Lease programs . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Roosevelt sought and obtained a declaration of war upon Japan . A few days later , he sought and obtained a declaration of war upon the other major Axis powers , Germany and Italy . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies during World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and the war saw the end of the massive unemployment that characterized the Great Depression . Roosevelt sought to desegregate the federal workforce with the Fair Employment Practice Committee , but he also controversially ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world 's first nuclear bomb . Though he died months before the end of the war , his work on the post-war order shaped the new United Nations and the Bretton Woods international financial system . Roosevelt 's health seriously declined during the war years , and he died three months into his fourth term . He was succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman . It was on Roosevelt 's watch that the Democratic Party was returned to dominance , prosperity returned , and two great military enemies were destroyed . Scholars , historians and the public typically rank Roosevelt alongside Abraham Lincoln and George Washington as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a38467904232cb7dc63d43bdc9b53eb4", "text": "Dana White Dana Frederick White , Jr. ( born July 28 , 1969 ) is an American businessman . He is the President of the mixed martial arts organization Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) . Under White 's leadership the UFC has grown into a globally popular multi-billion dollar enterprise .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f57583a1204ffb9fb260591f3f75485", "text": "Hillary Clinton email controversy In March 2015 , it became publicly known that Hillary Clinton , during her tenure as United States Secretary of State , had used her family 's private email server for official communications , rather than official State Department email accounts maintained on federal servers . Those official communications included thousands of emails that would retroactively be marked classified by the State Department . The controversy unfolded against the backdrop of Clinton 's 2016 presidential election campaign and hearings held by the United States House Select Committee on Benghazi . Some experts , officials , and members of Congress have contended that her use of private messaging system software and a private server violated State Department protocols and procedures , as well as federal laws and regulations governing recordkeeping . In response , Clinton has said that her use of personal email was in compliance with federal laws and State Department regulations , and that former secretaries of state had also maintained personal email accounts , though not their own private email servers . After allegations were raised that some of the emails in question contained classified information , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) initiated an investigation regarding the origin and handling of classified emails on Clinton 's server . The FBI Report found that some of the emails originated in five other intelligence agencies . The FBI found that all classified emails on Clinton 's server were stored and sent from `` unclassified systems '' , violating the same policies as those on Clinton 's personal server . FBI Director James Comey identified 110 emails as containing information that was classified at the time it was sent , including 65 emails deemed `` Secret '' and 22 deemed `` Top Secret '' . None of these had classification markings . However , as noted in Clinton 's non-disclosure agreement , unmarked classified information should be treated the same as marked classified information . An additional three email chains contained `` portion markings '' , simply a '' ( C ) '' indicating `` Confidential '' in front of one or more paragraphs . These were not included in Comey 's list of 110 because the State Department failed to confirm they were classified at the time they were sent . Clinton told the FBI she did not know the meaning of '' ( C ) '' . Nearly 2,100 emails on the server were retroactively marked as classified by the State Department . In May 2016 , the State Department 's Office of the Inspector General released an 83-page report about the State Department 's email practices , including Clinton 's . On July 5 , 2016 , Comey announced that the FBI 's investigation had concluded that Clinton was `` extremely careless '' in handling her email system but recommended that no charges be filed against her . On July 6 , 2016 , Attorney General Loretta Lynch announced that no charges would be filed . On July 7 , the State Department reopened its probe into the email controversy . On October 28 , 2016 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had started looking into newly discovered emails that may be pertinent to the case . Law enforcement officials stated the emails were found on a laptop belonging to Clinton aide Huma Abedin 's husband , Anthony Weiner , during an investigation of his sexting scandals . On November 6 , Comey notified Congress that the FBI had not changed its conclusion , reached in July , regarding Clinton 's emails .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d3960c7b94a1ab82fde16783bd89ce20
Tom Brady was drafted in the sixth round.
[ { "docid": "2ed6aa2ad18939af7fff034f81c3290e", "text": "Tom Brady Thomas Edward Patrick Brady Jr. ( born August 3 , 1977 ) is an American football quarterback for the New England Patriots of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He is one of only two players to win five Super Bowls ( the other being Charles Haley ) , the only quarterback to win five and the only player to win them all playing for one team . After playing college football for the University of Michigan , Brady was drafted by the Patriots in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft . In Brady 's 15 seasons as a starter , he has quarterbacked the Patriots to seven Super Bowl appearances , the most for any player in history . Brady has been honored with four Super Bowl MVP awards ( Super Bowl XXXVI , XXXVIII , XLIX , and LI ) , the most ever by a single player , has won two league MVP awards ( 2007 and 2010 ) , has been selected to 12 Pro Bowls , and has led his team to more division titles ( 14 ) than any other quarterback in NFL history . As of the end of the 2016 season , Brady is fourth all-time in career passing yards , fourth in career touchdown passes , and third in career passer rating . His career postseason record is 25 -- 9 , winning more playoff games than any other quarterback , and he has appeared in more playoff games than any player at any position . Brady has never had a losing season as a starting quarterback in the NFL . His 208 combined regular-season and postseason wins are also the most of any quarterback in NFL history . Because of his accomplishments and accolades , many analysts and sportswriters consider Brady to be among the greatest quarterbacks of all time . Due to his late draft selection , Brady is considered to be the biggest `` steal '' in the history of the NFL Draft . For his alleged involvement in the highly publicized Deflategate football tampering scandal , Brady was suspended for the first four games of the 2016 NFL season . Subsequently , Brady went on to win Super Bowl LI and Super Bowl MVP . Brady has been married to Brazilian supermodel Gisele Bündchen since 2009 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9a099e2021aedfb00a38b6931a110a41", "text": "Draft (sports) A draft is a process used in some countries and sports to allocate certain players to teams . In a draft , teams take turns selecting from a pool of eligible players . When a team selects a player , the team receives exclusive rights to sign that player to a contract , and no other team in the league may sign the player . The best-known type of draft is the entry draft , which is used to allocate players who have recently become eligible to play in a league . Depending on the sport , the players may come from college , high school or junior teams or teams in other countries . An entry draft is intended to prevent expensive bidding wars for young talent and to ensure that no one team can sign contracts with all of the best young players and make the league uncompetitive . To encourage parity , teams that do poorly in the previous season usually get to choose first in the postseason draft , sometimes with a `` lottery '' factor to discourage teams from deliberately losing . Other types of drafts include the expansion draft , in which a new team selects players from other teams in the league ; and the dispersal draft , in which a league 's surviving teams select players from the roster of a newly defunct franchise . Drafts are usually permitted under anti-trust or restraint of trade laws because they are included in collective bargaining agreements between leagues and labor unions representing players . These agreements generally stipulate that after a certain number of seasons , a player whose contract has expired becomes a free agent and can sign with any team . They also require minimum and sometimes maximum salaries for newly drafted players . National Football League President Joseph Carr instituted a draft in 1935 as a way to restrain teams ' payrolls and reduce the dominance of the league 's perennial contenders . It was adopted by the precursor of the National Basketball Association in 1947 ; by the National Hockey League in 1963 ; and by Major League Baseball in 1965 , although draft systems had been used in baseball since the 19th century . Drafts are uncommon outside the U.S. and Canada , and most professional football clubs obtain young players through transfers from smaller clubs or by developing youth players through their own academies . The youth system is operated directly by the teams themselves , who develop their players from childhood . Parity in these leagues is instead maintained through promotion and relegation , which automatically expels the weakest teams from a league in exchange for the strongest teams in the next lower league . The result is a drastically different endgame for poor teams : a North American sports team may see the opportunity to get better through the draft after a poor season , but a European club will instead be relegated down to a league with less money and prestige , potentially exacerbating the problems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "010ab8471e3fb24552a6b941d4b6060e", "text": "Keith Ellison (American football) Keith Ellison ( born February 6 , 1984 ) is a former American football linebacker . He was drafted by the Buffalo Bills in the sixth round of the 2006 NFL Draft . He played college football at Oregon State .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c203c303eed4506ca7371e32dea2efae", "text": "1984 NFL season The 1984 NFL season was the 65th regular season of the National Football League . The Colts relocated from Baltimore , Maryland to Indianapolis , Indiana before the season . The Colts new home field was the Hoosier Dome . The New York Jets moved their home games from Shea Stadium in New York City to Giants Stadium in East Rutherford , New Jersey . The season ended with Super Bowl XIX when the San Francisco 49ers defeated the Miami Dolphins 38-16 at Stanford Stadium in California . This was the first Super Bowl televised by ABC , who entered into the annual championship game rotation with CBS and NBC . This game marked the second shortest distance between the Super Bowl host stadium ( Stanford , California ) and a Super Bowl team ( San Francisco 49ers ) . The 49ers became the first team in NFL history to win 15 games in a regular season and to win 18 in an entire season ( including the post-season ) . Additionally , two major offensive records were set this season , with quarterback Dan Marino establishing a new single-season passing yards record with 5,084 ( later broken by Drew Brees and Tom Brady in 2011 and by Peyton Manning in 2013 ) , and Eric Dickerson establishing a new single-season rushing yards record with 2,105 . Also during the season , San Diego Chargers wide receiver Charlie Joiner became the all-time leader in career receptions ; he set that mark in a game between the Chargers and the Pittsburgh Steelers at Pittsburgh 's Three Rivers Stadium . Salaries increased significantly over the past two seasons in the NFL , up nearly fifty percent ; quarterback Warren Moon led the list at $ 1.1 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80387cd03bb54a876958aa4b65ff66b3", "text": "History of the New England Patriots The history of the New England Patriots began when Boston business executive William `` Billy '' Sullivan and Sullivan Brother Printers , owned by Joseph Sullivan , were awarded the eighth and final franchise of the developing American Football League ( AFL ) on November 16 , 1959 . The following winter , locals submitted thousands of ideas for the Boston football team 's official name . On February 20 , 1960 , Sullivan chose `` Boston Patriots '' , which was suggested by 74 fans , among them Larry Kepnes . Immediately thereafter , artist Phil Bissell developed the `` Pat Patriot '' logo . The Patriots ' time in the AFL saw them without a regular home stadium . Nickerson Field , Harvard Stadium , Fenway Park , and Alumni Stadium , all in or near Boston , served as home fields during their time in the American Football League . Early Patriots stars included defensive tackles Jim Lee `` Earthquake '' Hunt and Houston Antwine ; quarterback Vito `` Babe '' Parilli ; and flanker-placekicker Gino `` The Duke '' Cappelletti . Hunt , Parilli and Cappelletti played every year of the existence of the AFL , with Hunt and Cappelletti spending all ten years with the Patriots . Cappelletti was the all-time leading scorer in the AFL . Later the Patriots were joined by such stars as defensive end Larry Eisenhauer , fullback Jim Nance , and middle linebacker and future Hall of Famer Nick Buoniconti . Cappelletti and Nance were AFL Most Valuable Players , Cappelletti in 1964 and Nance in 1966 . Buoniconti and Antwine were later named to the American Football League All-Time Team . The Boston Patriots defeated the Buffalo Bills in an AFL Eastern Division playoff game in 1963 , and played in the 1963 AFL championship game , losing to the San Diego Chargers 51 -- 10 . Although they would not appear again in an AFL or NFL post-season game for another 13 years , in the AFL , the Patriots often challenged the dominant Bills for the Eastern Division title . When the NFL and AFL merged in 1970 , the Patriots were placed in the AFC East division , where they still play today . The following year , the Patriots moved to a new stadium in Foxborough , Massachusetts , a suburb of Boston , which would serve as their home for 30 years ; the team also changed their name to the New England Patriots to reflect the location change , as well as its following throughout the region as its only NFL team ( though both New York City teams have substantial followings in parts of Connecticut as well ) . During the 1970s , the Patriots had some success , earning a berth to the playoffs in 1976 -- as a wild card-berth -- and in 1978 -- as AFC East champions . They would lose both games . In 1985 , they returned to the playoffs , and made it all the way to Super Bowl XX , which they lost against the Chicago Bears 46 -- 10 . Following their Super Bowl loss , they returned to the playoffs in 1986 , but lost in the first round . The team would not make the playoffs again for eight more years . They changed ownership several times in that period , being purchased from the Sullivan family first by Victor Kiam in 1988 , who sold the team to James Orthwein in 1992 . Orthwein intended to move the team to his native St. Louis , Missouri , but sold the team two years later to current owner , local businessman Robert Kraft in 1994 . Though Orthwein 's period as owner was short and controversial , he did oversee major changes to the team . Former New York Giants coach Bill Parcells was hired in 1993 , and the drastic changes were made the same year to the Patriots uniforms , changing their primary colors from their traditional red and white to blue and silver , and introducing a new logo . Parcells would bring the Patriots to two playoff appearances , including Super Bowl XXXI , which they lost to the Green Bay Packers by a score of 35 -- 21 . Pete Carroll , Parcells ' successor , would also take the team to the playoffs twice . Bill Belichick , current head coach , was hired in 2000 , and a new home field , Gillette Stadium was opened in 2002 . Under Belichick , the team won three Super Bowls in four years , and finished the 2007 regular season with a perfect 16 -- 0 record , becoming only the fourth team in league history to go undefeated , and the only one since the league expanded its regular season schedule to 16 games ; however , they ended that season with an 18-1 record after their loss to the New York Giants in Super Bowl XLII . The Patriots have made the playoffs in 12 of the 15 seasons that Belichick has been coach , missing them only in 2000 ( his first season ) , 2002 , and 2008 . They later faced the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX on February 1 , 2015 , and won by a score of 28-24 . The Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons 34-28 in Super Bowl LI at NRG Stadium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e11e4761170c39a67ef7f4580a412661", "text": "Marvin Philip Marvin Philip ( born February 3 , 1982 ) is a former American football guard . He was drafted by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the sixth round of the 2006 NFL Draft . He played college football at California . Philip has also been a member of the Cleveland Browns , Baltimore Ravens , New Orleans Saints , Buffalo Bills and Omaha Nighthawks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b502f99f2ee6312d5aa3dd9d6cabd4d6", "text": "American football American football , referred to as football in the United States and Canada , and also known as `` gridiron football '' or simply `` gridiron '' , is a sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end . The offense , the team with control of the oval-shaped football , attempts to advance down the field by running with or passing the ball , while the team without control of the ball , the defense , aims to stop their advance and take control of the ball for themselves . The offense must advance at least ten yards in four downs , or plays , or else they turn over the football to the opposing team ; if they succeed , they are given a new set of four downs . Points are primarily scored by advancing the ball into the opposing team 's end zone for a touchdown or kicking the ball through the opponent 's goalposts for a field goal . The team with the most points at the end of a game wins . American football evolved in the United States , originating from the sports of association football and rugby football . The first game of American football was played on November 6 , 1869 , between two college teams , Rutgers and Princeton , under rules based on the association football rules of the time . During the latter half of the 1870s , colleges playing association football switched to the Rugby Union code , which allowed carrying the ball . A set of rule changes drawn up from 1880 onward by Walter Camp , the `` Father of American Football '' , established the snap , eleven-player teams , and the concept of downs ; later rule changes legalized the forward pass , created the neutral zone , and specified the size and shape of the football . American football as a whole is the most popular sport in the United States . Professional football and college football are the most popular forms of the game , with the other major levels being high school and youth football . , nearly 1.1 million high school athletes and 70,000 college athletes play the sport in the United States annually , almost all of them men , with a few exceptions . The National Football League , the most popular American football league , has the highest average attendance of any professional sports league in the world ; its championship game , the Super Bowl , ranks among the most-watched club sporting events in the world , and the league has an annual revenue of around US$ 10 billion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e97bcbfa6360dbf399b5f133dddfa24a", "text": "Kellen Winslow II Kellen Boswell Winslow II ( born July 21 , 1983 ) is a former American football tight end . He played college football at the University of Miami , where he earned unanimous All-American honors and was recognized as the top college tight end . Winslow was drafted by the Cleveland Browns with the sixth overall pick in the 2004 NFL Draft . He has also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers , Seattle Seahawks , New England Patriots , and New York Jets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "618ff3897bb129401859da10f3ce40c7", "text": "Jim Brady (baseball) James Joseph Brady , Jr. , ( born March 2 , 1936 ) is an American economist , retired university educator and administrator , and a former left-handed pitcher in professional baseball . A native of Jersey City , New Jersey , he attended and earned three degrees from the University of Notre Dame . Brady was the sixth president of Jacksonville University ( 1989 -- 96 ) , after service as dean of both the university 's College of Arts and Sciences and Davis College of Business . Prior to that , he held the department chair in economics at Old Dominion University and was a member of the economics faculty of his alma mater , Notre Dame . As a baseball player , the 6 ft , 185 lb Brady was signed off his college campus as an undergraduate by the Detroit Tigers as a $ 37,500 `` bonus baby '' in 1955 . Detroit 's farm system director , John McHale , was a Notre Dame alumnus and Brady promised his father he would return to college to complete his education when he signed his contract . Under the terms of the bonus rule then in effect , however , Brady was forced to spend the first two years of his pro career on a Major League roster . Nicknamed `` Diamond Jim '' because of his bonus status , Brady missed the 1955 season due to an injury , then made his MLB debut on May 12 , 1956 , hurling a perfect ninth inning against the Chicago White Sox in a 7 -- 6 loss at Briggs Stadium . A week later , he pitched another scoreless inning against the Baltimore Orioles , but was treated roughly in his next four appearances , surrendering 20 earned runs on 15 hits and ten bases on balls in only 4 innings of work . He made only those six appearances , all in relief , during the season , then was sent to the minors for good in 1957 . He retired as an active player after appearing in eight games for the 1961 Knoxville Smokies of the Class A Sally League . According to Jacksonville University , as of 2011 , Brady was an arbitrator in North Florida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d12599fe47372899e2379354ea0797c", "text": "Larry Olsonoski Lawrence Rodney Olsonoski ( Sept. 10 , 1925 - Mar. 6 , 1991 ) is a former guard in the National Football League . After a college career at Minnesota , he was drafted by the Green Bay Packers in the sixth round of the 1948 NFL Draft and played that season with the team . The next season , he would split between the Packers and the New York Bulldogs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a86e7328fc35959d5fec7767f059bc6b", "text": "Jeff Driskel Jeffrey M. Driskel ( born April 23 , 1993 ) is an American football quarterback for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He played college football at Florida and Louisiana Tech . He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the sixth round of the 2016 NFL Draft .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "240774435a545023ba5e7201f76d0f53", "text": "AFL and NFL era competitive college drafts During the first seven years of existence ( 1960 -- 1966 ) of the American Football League ( AFL , 1960 -- 1969 ) , the AFL and the NFL held separate , competing drafts for college football talent . These drafts were conducted differently in each league , with the AFL , as a new league , starting its existence with the 1960 AFL draft that was actually held in December , 1959 and had 33 rounds . Each AFL team had `` territorial rights '' to players from its general region for a `` bonus '' draft selection , so that teams could sign players who were known to their fans . These were not `` picked '' as such , but agreed on by consensus . The 1960 AFL draft proceeded with teams selecting by lot and player position , e.g. , each team selected quarterbacks from the available list , then running backs , etc. . These were not listed in order of selection , but alphabetically in two groups called `` First Selections '' and `` Second Selections '' by each team . Minneapolis-Saint Paul was originally included in the AFL draft on November 22 , 1959 . When the Minneapolis-Saint Paul owners reneged on their agreement to join the AFL and jumped to the NFL , some of the remaining AFL teams signed several players from the deserters ' draft list . To compensate for this , after the Oakland Raiders ' AFL franchise was granted , an allocation draft was held , to permit the Raiders to stock their team with players from the other seven AFL teams . The established NFL held drafts more similar to the present day , in which the team with the worst record from the previous year selected first , and the reigning league champion selected last . Starting in 1961 , the AFL also followed this procedure . Because of the competition between the leagues , unlike today 's drafts , they were held soon after the end of the football season in each league , often before the college bowls were over . Many players , such as LSU 's Billy Cannon signed pro contracts `` under the goalposts '' at bowl games ; and in the College East-West Game and other all-star college bowls , many players wore the helmets of the professional team that they had signed with . The AFL was at a disadvantage in name-recognition with the established NFL , but contrary to common belief , during this period , its franchises signed a significant number of stars away from the older league . These included Cannon , as well as eventual Hall of Famers Lance Alworth , Buck Buchanan , Jim Otto , Billy Shaw , and Nick Buoniconti , and such standouts as Matt Snell , Tom Sestak , Charley Hennigan , Abner Haynes , Johnny Robinson and many others . Category : American Football League draft Category : National Football League Draft", "title": "" }, { "docid": "166ebb285e2fa85e9b23d1cc50fe33e7", "text": "1996 NFL season The 1996 NFL season was the 77th regular season of the National Football League and the season was marked by notable controversies from beginning to end . The season ended with Super Bowl XXXI when the Green Bay Packers defeated the New England Patriots 35-21 at the Louisiana Superdome .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06bffd6db9a353fea472f3341633d5b9", "text": "List of Wisconsin Badgers in the NFL Draft The University of Wisconsin -- Madison Badgers have drafted 289 players into the National Football League ( NFL ) since the league began holding drafts in 1936 . The Badgers ' highest draft position was second overall in 1944 , when Pat Harder was selected by Card-Pitt . Wisconsin 's first drafted player in the NFL was Eddie Jankowski , who was the 9th overall pick by the Green Bay Packers in 1937 . Three former Badgers were selected from the latest NFL draft : T. J. Watt , Ryan Ramczyk and Vince Biegel . Each NFL franchise seeks to add new players through the annual NFL Draft . The team with the worst record the previous year picks first , the next-worst team second , and so on . Teams that did not make the playoffs are ordered by their regular-season record , with any remaining ties broken by strength of schedule . Playoff participants are sequenced after non-playoff teams , based on their round of elimination ( wild card , division , conference , and Super Bowl ) . Before the AFL -- NFL merger agreements in 1966 , the American Football League ( AFL ) operated in direct competition with the NFL and held a separate draft . This led to a massive bidding war over top prospects between the two leagues . As part of the merger agreement on June 8 , 1966 , the two leagues would hold a multiple round `` Common Draft '' . Once the AFL officially merged with the NFL in 1970 , the `` Common Draft '' simply became the NFL Draft . This list includes players that have transferred to or from Wisconsin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0107746fc6c9b148ec1d8e7e9402d262", "text": "Spergon Wynn Spergon Wynn III ( born August 10 , 1978 ) is a former American and Canadian football quarterback . He was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in the sixth round of the 2000 NFL Draft . He played college football at Southwest Texas State . Wynn also played for the Amsterdam Admirals , Minnesota Vikings , BC Lions , Winnipeg Blue Bombers and Toronto Argonauts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f2cba3bd169bf262c695ec68e6926da", "text": "1987 NFL Draft The 1987 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players . It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting . The draft was held April 28 -- 29 , 1987 , at the Marriot Marquis in New York City , New York . The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f33518f42fb59cf2f80c410f4af3a400", "text": "List of New England Patriots first-round draft picks The New England Patriots are a professional American football team based in the Greater Boston region . Since 1960 , the Patriots have selected 61 players in the first round , five of these being the first overall pick . Due to trades , the team did not make a first round selection during the 1972 , 1974 , 2000 , 2009 , 2013 , 2016 , or 2017 drafts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ea7d8490216a60059a168fb48395d6a", "text": "Robert Henson (American football) Robert Henson ( born January 27 , 1986 ) is a former American football linebacker . He was drafted by the Washington Redskins in the sixth round of the 2009 NFL Draft . He played college football at TCU .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9919f31c05bcca76ed9707b74bb16a3f", "text": "1961 NFL expansion draft The 1961 NFL expansion draft was a National Football League ( NFL ) draft in which a new expansion team , named the Minnesota Vikings , selected its first players . That selection was provided by the expansion draft , held on January 26 , 1961 . In August 1959 , a group of Minneapolis businessmen were awarded a franchise in the new American Football League ( AFL ) . In January 1960 , they forfeited their AFL membership and were awarded a 90 % stake in the 14th franchise of the NFL ( the other 10 % , under a decades-old agreement , went to former Duluth Kelleys/Eskimos owner Ole Haugsrud ) . Though the ownership group had participated in the 1960 American Football League draft before jumping leagues to the NFL , they did not take any of the players they selected in that draft with them . As such , they entered the 1961 draft with an empty roster . So that the Vikings could become competitive with existing teams , the league awarded the Vikings the first pick in the 1961 NFL draft and gave them the opportunity to select current players from existing teams . In the expansion draft , the existing franchises listed players from which the Vikings could select to switch to the new team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1964e3694e1966f54b6ef32ee8a812db", "text": "Orson Mobley Orson Odell Mobley ( born March 4 , 1963 ) is a former professional American football player who played tight end for five seasons for the Denver Broncos after being drafted in the sixth round . He played in three Super Bowls , XXI XXII XXIV and started in two of them . Mobley ran into problems with the league late in his career and was suspended for substance abuse violations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e8fa416b63cc928cde45d483b970cad", "text": "Tom Santi Tom Santi ( born November 22 , 1985 ) is a former American football tight end . He was drafted by the Indianapolis Colts in the sixth round of the 2008 NFL Draft , and played two seasons for them . Before that , he excelled as a tight end at Montgomery Bell Academy in Nashville , Tennessee He played college football at Virginia .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e7738ba1a46cddebe749bc0d537b7f86
Detroit is a place.
[ { "docid": "0a98fc573a07f54f1f6226be828ab06b", "text": "Detroit Detroit ( -LSB- dᵻˈtrɔɪt -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan , the largest city on the United States -- Canada border , and the seat of Wayne County . The municipality of Detroit had a 2015 estimated population of 677,116 , making it the 21st-most populous city in the United States . The metropolitan area , known as Metro Detroit , is home to 4.3 million people , making it the second-largest in the Midwest . Detroit is a major port on the Detroit River , a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway . The Detroit Metropolitan Airport is among the most important hubs in the United States . The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest , behind Chicago , and the thirteenth-largest in the United States . Detroit and its neighboring Canadian city Windsor are connected through a tunnel and the Ambassador Bridge , the busiest international crossing in North America . Detroit is best-known as the center of the American automobile industry , and the `` Big Three '' auto manufacturers General Motors , Ford , and Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit . Detroit was founded on July 24 , 1701 by the French explorer and adventurer Antoine de la Mothe Cadillac and a party of settlers . During the 19th century , it became an important industrial hub at the center of the Great Lakes region . With expansion of the auto industry in the early 20th century , the city and its suburbs experienced rapid growth , and by the 1940s , the city had become the fourth-largest in the country . However , due to industrial restructuring , the loss of jobs in the auto industry , and rapid suburbanization , Detroit lost considerable population from the late 20th century to the present . Since reaching a peak of 1.8 million at the 1950 census , Detroit 's population has declined by more than 60 per cent . In 2013 , Detroit became the largest U.S. city to file for bankruptcy , which it successfully exited in December 2014 , when the city government regained control of Detroit 's finances . Detroit 's diverse culture has had both local and international influence , particularly in music , with the city giving rise to the genres of Motown and techno , and playing an important role in the development of jazz , hip-hop , rock , and punk music . The erstwhile rapid growth of Detroit left a globally unique stock of architectural monuments and historic places of the first half of the 20th century , and since the 2000s conservation efforts managed to save many architectural pieces and allowed several large-scale revitalisations , including the restoration of several historic theatres and entertainment venues , highrise renovations , new sports stadiums , and a riverfront revitalization project . More recently , the population of Downtown Detroit , Midtown Detroit , and various other neighborhoods has increased . In 2015 , Detroit was named a `` City of Design '' by UNESCO , the first U.S. city to receive that designation .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ca91b8540d988d1eb619c555aeac5e4d", "text": "Detroit Receiving Hospital Detroit Receiving Hospital in Detroit , Michigan , is the state 's first Level I Trauma Center . Receiving 's emergency department treats more than 105,000 patients annually , and nearly 60 % of Michigan 's emergency physicians are trained at Receiving . Receiving also features the state 's largest burn center , Michigan 's first hospital-based 24/7 hyperbaric oxygen therapy program , and Metro Detroit 's first certified primary stroke center . It is one of the eight hospitals and institutions that comprise the Detroit Medical Center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c5bf596f4d4503bd325eb69fb38b527", "text": "Midtown, Minneapolis Midtown is a loosely defined region in south Minneapolis , Minnesota . There are no hard-set boundaries to the midtown area , but it is generally agreed to include the area in the vicinity of Lake Street between Interstate 35W and Hiawatha Avenue . Lake Street is the border between the Phillips and Powderhorn communities of Minneapolis . Lake Street/Midtown LRT Station , with service on the METRO Blue Line , is located on the eastern edge of the area . The midtown area was historically known as being somewhat of a run-down area . However , in the past decade or two , there has been a large revitalization effort along Lake Street , driven largely by an insurgence of new Latino and Northeast African businesses . Near the intersection of Chicago Avenue and Lake Street is the Midtown Exchange building , which was a Sears department store and mail-order catalog facility until the company closed it in 1994 . After sitting vacant for a decade , the building was fully redeveloped . It features office space , residential units , and the Midtown Global Market , a large marketplace featuring an ethnically diverse variety of restaurants , grocers , and retailers . Other indoor markets that have opened in the midtown area include the Mercado Central ( at Bloomington Ave and Lake St ) , which houses numerous Latino businesses , and the Lake Plaza ( at 3rd Ave and Lake St ) , which houses Somali and Latino businesses . As of January 2009 , a new market has opened in the former True Value Hardware site at the Hi-Lake Shopping Center ( 21st Ave and Lake St ) , housing Somali businesses . At 22nd Ave and Lake Street ( in the parking lot of Anishinabe Academy School ) the Midtown Farmers ' Market operates on Tuesdays and Saturdays from late spring to early autumn . Many places and groups use the `` midtown '' descriptor in their names . Examples include : The Midtown Greenway , a major bicycling and walking trail paralleling Lake Street The Midtown Exchange and the Midtown Global Market The Midtown Freewheel Bike Center , a bike shop on the Midtown Greenway The Midtown YWCA ( Lake Street and 22nd Ave ) The Lake Street/Midtown light rail station on the METRO Blue Line The Sheraton Minneapolis Midtown Hotel The Midtown Church Project , a church plant utilizing principles of self-organization and community development", "title": "" }, { "docid": "054cc6b0ab1e48838183a9bf88237ef7", "text": "Fort Wayne (Detroit) Fort Wayne is located in the city of Detroit , Michigan , at the foot of Livernois Avenue in the Delray neighborhood . The fort is situated on the Detroit River at a point where it is about a mile to the Canadian shore . The original 1848 limestone barracks ( with later brick additions ) still stands , as does the 1845 star fortification ( renovated in 1863 with brick exterior facing ) . On the fort grounds but outside the original star fort are additional barracks , officers quarters , hospital , shops , recreation building , commissary , guard house , garage , and stables . The fort sits on 96 acre . Since the 1970s , 83 acre , including the original star fort and a number of buildings , has been operated by the city of Detroit . The remaining area is operated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a boatyard . The fort was designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1958 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7903a5241df478fbe8a0aa5cf922884", "text": "Broadway station (Detroit) Broadway station is a Detroit People Mover station in Downtown Detroit , Michigan . Housed inside the downtown YMCA , it is located at the intersection of Broadway and John R . The station takes its name from the street named Broadway . It also serves nearby Ford Field ( home to the NFL 's Lions ) , Detroit Opera House and the Harmonie Park area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42595cb53073a88f27ef6d312ea83f1a", "text": "Detroit Automobile Company The Detroit Automobile Company ( DAC ) was an early American automobile manufacturer founded on August 5 , 1899 , in Detroit , Michigan . It was the first venture of its kind in Detroit . Automotive mechanic Henry Ford attracted the financial backing of three investors ; Detroit Mayor William Maybury , William H. Murphy , and Senator Thomas W. Palmer . As with many early car ventures , the company floundered and was dissolved in January 1901 . Twenty vehicles were built and $ 86,000 ( $ 2.11 million in 2007 ) of investment was lost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caedb71858943f5b4f593ea92266bda4", "text": "Henry Ford College Henry Ford College ( HFC ) is a public two-year college located in Dearborn , Michigan in Metro Detroit . The school , established in 1938 , is accredited by North Central Association of Colleges and Schools and the Michigan Commission on College Accreditation . The school was originally named Fordson Junior College when it was established in 1938 . Later the college was adopted as Dearborn Junior College in 1946 , before adopting the name Henry Ford Community College ( HFCC ) in 1952 , which was named after the Henry Ford Trade School which closed and its assets were transferred to the Dearborn School Board of Education . The name was shortened to Henry Ford College in 2014 . The college has multiple nicknames , including `` Hank High '' and `` Harvard on the Rouge . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d507ae03882e89631aea1c9f28e5a7e", "text": "New Boston, Michigan New Boston is an unincorporated community in Huron Charter Township , Wayne County , in the U.S. state of Michigan . Huron Township includes three separate communities : the largest community is New Boston ; south of New Boston , Willow and Waltz are smaller , newer communities being developed with new subdivisions . The Huron River runs just south of downtown New Boston . Huron Township is just south of Romulus , Michigan , and is just west of Flat Rock , Michigan . Interstate 275 ( I-275 ) passes through the middle of the community with three exits providing easy access . Exits off I-275 are Sibley , South Huron , and Will-Carleton roads , the latter being the southern-most exit . New Boston was first settled in 1827 and was originally called `` Catville '' after the initials of the proprietor , C. A. Trowbridge . It received a post office with that name in 1860 . On March 20 , 1868 , it was renamed New Boston , after Boston , Massachusetts . New Boston is home to Gibbs Sweet Station and Mc Nasty 's Saloon . Mary Anne 's Family Diner once used to thrive , but recently closed . New Boston also hosts an Apple Fest every October . Huron River Drive is closed every year just for the Apple Festival , which includes a parade , lots of shopping booths , great food , and live entertainment . Huron High School is also located in the area . New Boston 's assets include open land , proximity to Detroit Metro Airport , and easy access to I-275 and I-94 . In addition , there are three major metro parks in the area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38336f036bc9a2aef7cdae93e7202df8", "text": "Allen Park, Michigan Allen Park is a working-class suburb in central Wayne County , Michigan . The city is known for its tree-lined streets , brick houses , and the Fairlane Green Shopping Center that opened in 2006 . At the 2010 census , the population was 28,210 . The suburb of Detroit was once recognized in Money Magazine 's list of America 's Best Small Cities . Allen Park is part of the collection of communities known as Downriver . Much like other `` Downriver '' communities , Allen Park has seen a steady decline in recent years , in terms of property value . Ford Motor Company is an integral part of the community . Many of the company 's offices and facilities lie within the city limits . Since 2002 , Allen Park is the practice home of the Detroit Lions football team and is also the site of the team 's headquarters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e48570831ea8e6605548d75c00b752b", "text": "Detroit Institute of Technology The Detroit Institute of Technology was a fully accredited , four-year technical college in Detroit , Michigan that closed operations in 1981 . First called the Association Institute , the private school was founded in 1891 , and later developed into a private engineering and science college in conjunction with the Detroit YMCA , formalizing its evening adult education program ; the later name was adopted in 1918 . A pharmacy program , originally organized under the Detroit College of Medicine , became part of the school in 1907 . In 1957 , the pharmacy program merged with the School of Pharmacy at Wayne State University . In 1971 , the S. S. Kresge Corporation , which was moving to Troy , Michigan , donated its downtown Detroit headquarters to the school . Accredited by the North Central Association of Colleges and Schools ( NCA ) , also known as North Central , is one of six regional accreditation organizations recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation . Founded in 1895 , the NCA accredits over 10,000 public and private educational institutions serving 19 Midwestern , South-Central and a few Western states , including : Arkansas , Arizona , Colorado , Iowa , Illinois , Indiana , Kansas , Michigan , Minnesota , Missouri , North Dakota , Nebraska , New Mexico , Ohio , Oklahoma , South Dakota , West Virginia , Wisconsin , and Wyoming . For a time , affiliated with Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT ) . ; with which the DIT trustees commissioned a study ... to discover just what their role was approaching the 1980s . Lurking on the horizon was the -LSB- 1979 -RSB- Iranian hostage crisis . One-third of students then at DIT were Iranians . Many left . Many left without paying . -LCB- R.I.P - D.I.T. Obit for an urban college - Eulogies and explanations pg22 , 3/14/1982 Magazine of the Detroit News cover-story by John McAleenan + pg2 editorial -RCB- The college played in the NAIA College Division . The college also previously fielded a football team until 1951 . It consisted of 3 colleges , 1 each of liberal arts and sciences , business administration , and engineering . The transcripts for DIT students are available from Lawrence Technological University in Southfield , MI , which also offers alumni programs . A former teacher at DIT in the 1890s was Henry Ford , inventor , innovator and founder of Ford Motor Company . Notable in Michigan politics , alumnus Richard H. Austin , former Michigan Secretary of State .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ee9cee485af0ee0dbde9edc8c696e80", "text": "Detroit Masonic Temple The Detroit Masonic Temple is the world 's largest Masonic Temple . Located in the Cass Corridor of Detroit , Michigan , at 500 Temple Street , the building serves as a home to various masonic organizations including the York Rite Sovereign College of North America . The building contains a variety of public spaces including three theaters , three ballrooms and banquet halls , and a 160 x clear-span drill hall . Recreational facilities include a swimming pool , Handball court , gymnasium , bowling alley , and a pool hall . There are also numerous lodge rooms , offices , and dining spaces as well as a hotel section , 80 rooms total , available to any noble of the mystic shrine or blue lodge mason , though none however are in usable condition currently . Architect George D. Mason designed the whole structure as well as the Masonic Temple Theatre , a venue for concerts , Broadway shows , and other special events in the Detroit Theater District . It contains a 55 x stage , one of the largest in the country . Detroit Masonic Temple was designed in the neo-gothic architectural style , using a great deal of limestone . The ritual building features 16 floors , stands 210 ft tall , with 1,037 rooms . It dominates the skyline in an area known as Cass Corridor , across Temple Street from Cass Park , and Cass Technical High School . It is within walking distance of the MotorCity Casino Hotel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40afce78f153366dc2ecc879e7226c9c", "text": "Osborn, Detroit Osborn is a community in northeast Detroit , Michigan . The Skillman Foundation selected Osborn to be one of the neighborhoods covered by the Good Neighborhoods Initiative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "909108e825ab0d62beaedf5a3605caea", "text": "Dally in the Alley Dally in the Alley is Detroit 's largest annual community festival , located in the Cass Corridor district ( the north end , close to Wayne State University ) in Detroit . Completely organized and executed by a team of community volunteers , `` The Dally '' gives an offering of live music , visual arts , performance , food and beer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1840469e546608754cb3761150599f1a", "text": "West Bloomfield Township, Michigan West Bloomfield Township is a charter township in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan , within the Detroit metropolitan area . As of the 2010 census , the township had a population of 64,690 . The area is known throughout metro Detroit for its large homes , nature areas , and large Jewish population .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27a8a8e1171d36879a91952f0f912a6f", "text": "1983 Detroit Grand Prix The 1983 Detroit Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on June 5 , 1983 , in Detroit , Michigan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a060e49ba5858f793c7fd5be1beffa9", "text": "Majestic Building (Detroit) The Majestic Building was a high-rise building located at 1001 Woodward Avenue in Downtown Detroit , Michigan . The building was constructed in 1896 for the Mabley and Company department store chain and was the city 's second skyscraper , following the completion of the Hammond Building . It contained 14 stories and stood at 68 m in height . This building was designed in the Beaux-Arts style by Daniel H. Burnham & Company , and faced with terra cotta . The final construction cost of the building was $ 1,000,000 . This was Detroit 's tallest building , from its completion in 1896 until 1909 , when it was overtaken by the Ford Building . Unfortunately , C. R. Mabley died before the building 's completion and new owners used it solely as an office block . It was purportedly renamed the Majestic building to conform with the letter `` M '' ( for Mabley ) carved in numerous places in its façade . The Majestic Building was hailed as a `` fireproof skyscraper '' and this claim was proven in 1915 when a fire broke out on the top floor and burned for two hours . The fire never spread to other floors and never endangered the building 's supporting structure . Beginning in 1907 , the Majestic Building housed offices and a roof-top observation deck for the United States Weather Bureau for science and meteorologists performing weather observations . This observation deck offered unobstructed views for up to 12 miles in any direction , and was open to the public for a dime admission . The Detroit News engaged `` The Human Fly '' Harry H. Gardiner to scale the building 's exterior in 1916 as a promotional stunt . The event was scheduled for the noon lunch hour and attracted such a large crowd , that traffic and streetcars on Woodward Avenue came to a halt . The building was demolished in 1962 , to make way for the First Federal Building , which was finished in 1965 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9b4ddf5c93a72946ed74342ceaf30d5", "text": "List of Detroit Lions first-round draft picks The Detroit Lions are a professional American football team based in Detroit , Michigan . They are members of the North Division of the National Football Conference ( NFC ) in the National Football League ( NFL ) , and play their home games at Ford Field in Downtown Detroit . Originally based in Portsmouth , Ohio and called the Portsmouth Spartans , the team began play in 1929 as an independent professional team , one of many such teams in the Ohio and Scioto River valleys . For the 1930 season , the Spartans formally joined the NFL as the other area independents folded because of the Great Depression . Despite success within the NFL , they could not survive in Portsmouth , then the NFL 's smallest city . The team was purchased and moved to Detroit for the 1934 season . The Lions have won four NFL Championships , tied for 9th overall in total championships amongst all 32 NFL franchises ; although the last was in 1957 , which gives the club the second-longest NFL championship drought behind the Arizona Cardinals . They are one of four current teams to have never played in the Super Bowl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2793ad1b7c640ab72bfbe1ff1323c8fe", "text": "Wyandotte, Michigan Wyandotte is a city in Wayne County in the U.S. state of Michigan . The population was 25,883 at the 2010 census , a decrease of 7.6 % from 2000 . Wyandotte is located in southeastern Michigan , approximately 11 mi south of Detroit on the Detroit River , and is part of the collection of communities known as Downriver . Wyandotte is bounded by Southgate ( west ) , Lincoln Park ( northwest ) , Riverview ( south ) , Ecorse ( north ) and Lasalle ( east ) . Wyandotte is a sister city to Komaki , Japan , and each year delegates from Komaki come to Wyandotte to tour the city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16b386e01b90166a3a7d27acf9142fea", "text": "Detroit Metal City is a vulgar comedy manga series by Kiminori Wakasugi , serialized in Young Animal from 2005 to 2010 . An anime OVA series , twelve episodes of approximately 13 minutes each , was released starting on August 8 , 2008 . A live film adaptation directed by Toshio Lee appeared in Japanese theaters on August 23 , 2008 . The series takes its name from the KISS single `` Detroit Rock City '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1417dbf2884721f1be6c5f07040bb8dc", "text": "Hotel Tuller The Hotel Tuller once stood at Adams Avenue West , Bagley Street , and Park Avenue across from Grand Circus Park in downtown Detroit , Michigan . It was one of the largest luxury hotels in Detroit , and the first one to be erected in the Grand Circus Park Historic District . The hotel was known as the `` grand dame of Grand Circus Park . '' The site is now the location of a parking lot next to the United Artists Theatre Building . Composer Gerald Marks ' band , the Gerald Marks 's Hotel Tuller Orchestra , was based at the hotel . The band made several commercially successful recordings for Columbia Records in the mid-1920s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6766fd1c5555e918fc9935dc9763c3ed", "text": "Michigan Urban Farming Initiative The Michigan Urban Farming Initiative ( MUFI -LSB- mʌfi : -RSB- ) is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization based in Detroit , Michigan . MUFI is most widely known for its multipurpose site in the North End district of central Detroit . It also has a presence in Livonia , a western Metro Detroit suburb .", "title": "" } ]
fever
9099319cdf1e3b12a7ac0fc047ee387f
Pacific Rim was released July 12, 1913.
[ { "docid": "6f37ecfc1496967ab23a78020514cc8c", "text": "Pacific Rim (film) Pacific Rim is a 2013 American science fiction monster film directed by Guillermo del Toro , and starring Charlie Hunnam , Idris Elba , Rinko Kikuchi , Charlie Day , Burn Gorman , Robert Kazinsky , Max Martini and Ron Perlman . The screenplay is by Travis Beacham and del Toro , with a story by Beacham . The film is set in the future , when Earth is at war with the Kaiju , colossal monsters which have emerged from an interdimensional portal on the bottom of the Pacific Ocean . To combat the monsters , humanity unites to create the Jaegers , gigantic humanoid mechas each controlled by at least two pilots , whose minds are joined by a mental link . Focusing on the war 's later days , the story follows Raleigh Becket , a washed-up Jaeger pilot called out of retirement and teamed with rookie pilot Mako Mori as part of a last-ditch effort to defeat the Kaiju . Principal photography began on November 14 , 2011 , in Toronto and lasted through April 2012 . The film was produced by Legendary Pictures and distributed by Warner Bros. . It was released on July 12 , 2013 , including in 3D and IMAX 3D , receiving generally positive reviews ; the visual effects , action sequences and the nostalgic style were highly praised . While it underperformed at the box office in the United States , it was highly successful in other markets . It earned a worldwide total of more than $ 411 million -- $ 114 million in China alone , its largest market -- becoming Del Toro 's most commercially successful film to date . A sequel titled Pacific Rim : Uprising , directed by Steven S. DeKnight and produced by Del Toro , and with Kikuchi , Day , and Gorman reprising their roles , is scheduled for release on February 23 , 2018 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e95248d3c04484202c1b37a1be15861", "text": "Union Pacific (disambiguation) The Union Pacific is the largest railroad network in the United States . Union Pacific may also refer to : Union Pacific ( film ) , a film directed by Cecil B. DeMille Union Pacific ( TV series ) , a Western television series Union Pacific ( board game ) , a board game by Alan R. Moon , third place for the Deutscher Spiele Preis", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6682a13d16aff0d335e4a77665c8e984", "text": "A Message from Mars For the 1913 UK version of this film , see A Message from Mars ( 1913 film ) . A Message from Mars is a 1903 New Zealand short film , based on a play that had been highly popular in Australia and New Zealand . Another version of this film was made in 1913 in the UK as A Message From Mars . In December 2014 , the British Film Institute announced this latter film was posted online on their website .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f1767f3c8d07b0e7f04337f98ee59da", "text": "Eskimo (film) Eskimo ( also known as Mala the Magnificent and Eskimo Wife-Traders ) is a 1933 American Pre-Code drama film directed by W. S. Van Dyke and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) . It is based on the books Der Eskimo and Die Flucht ins weisse Land by Danish explorer and author Peter Freuchen . The film stars Ray Mala as Mala , Lulu Wong Wing as Mala 's first wife Aba , Lotus Long as Mala 's second wife Iva , Peter Freuchen as the Ship Captain , W. S. Van Dyke as Inspector White , and Joseph Sauers as Sergeant Hunt . Eskimo was the first feature film to be shot in a Native American language ( Inupiat ) , and the first feature film shot in Alaska . The film also incidentally documented many of the hunting and cultural practices of Native Alaskans . The production for the film was based at Teller , Alaska , where housing , storage facilities , a film laboratory , and other structures were built to house the cast , crew , and equipment . It was nicknamed `` Camp Hollywood '' . The crew included 42 cameramen and technicians , six airplane pilots , and Emil Ottinger -- a chef from the Roosevelt Hotel . Numerous locations were used for filming , including Cape Lisburne in March 1933 , Point Hope and Cape Serdtse-Kamen in April to July , and Herald Island in the Chukchi Sea in July . The film crew encountered difficulties recording native speech due to the `` kh '' sound of the native language . Altogether , pre-production , principal photography , and post-production took 17 months . The motion picture was well received by critics upon release on 14 November 1933 , and received the first ever Academy Award for Best Film Editing , although it did n't fare well at the box office . Scholar Peter Geller has more recently criticized the film as depicting the Eskimo as childlike , simple , and mythic `` noble savages '' rather than as human beings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ade179c6bc0174700fa7bdb30134316", "text": "The Typhoon The Typhoon is a 1914 American drama film directed by Reginald Barker and written by Melchior Lengyel . The film stars Sessue Hayakawa , Gladys Brockwell , Frank Borzage , Henry Kotani and Leona Hutton . The film was released on October 10 , 1914 , by Paramount Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da24d3de4bb642aa6bbad250c789519e", "text": "South Pacific (soundtrack) The Original Soundtrack to the film South Pacific was released in 1958 . The film was based on the musical South Pacific by Rodgers and Hammerstein , which had been first staged nine years earlier . The composers had much say in this recording , with many of the songs performed by accomplished singers rather than the actors in the film . Mitzi Gaynor and Ray Walston were the only two leading performers who did their own singing in the film ( and on the soundtrack album ) . The roles of Emile DeBecque , Bloody Mary and Joe Cable were sung by Giorgio Tozzi , Muriel Smith and Bill Lee , respectively . The album became a major success , reaching No. 1 in both the US and UK . In the US , the album stayed at No. 1 for seven months - the fourth longest run ever . In the UK , the album remained in the top five for 27 consecutive weeks before reaching No. 1 in November 1958 . It stayed at the top for a record-breaking 115 weeks ( the first 70 of these consecutively - including the whole year of 1959 ) , and remained in the top five for 214 weeks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "37bef0e9f4ffa10ba329690feb1bb3ec", "text": "Pacific War series The Pacific War is a series of alternate history novels written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen with Albert S. Hanser . The series deals with the Pacific War between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan . The point of divergence is the decision of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto , commander-in-chief of the Japanese Combined Fleet , to take personal command of the 1st Air Fleet for the attack on Pearl Harbor , rather than delegate it to Adm. Chūichi Nagumo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2d0140ca26c0eef1d478e8136d26c50", "text": "Seer (film) Seer is a 2011 Chinese animated fantasy adventure film based on an online game . It is about some robots on an airship called Seer who were off to find a legendary phoenix in a vast universe , they also had to fight off some evil space pirates who were blocking their way . It was released on July 28 , 2011 . The film is the first in a film series , being followed by Seer 2 ( 2012 ) , Seer the Movie 3 : Heroes Alliance ( 2013 ) , Seer 4 ( 2014 ) and Seer Movie 5 : Rise of Thunder ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9806a2ed09a25a54a85f552f457eacd7", "text": "Kansas Pacific (film) Kansas Pacific is a 1953 U.S. Cinecolor Western film released by Allied Artists Pictures and directed by Ray Nazarro . It stars Sterling Hayden and Eve Miller . The film offers a fictionalized account of the struggle to build the Kansas Pacific Railway in the 1860s just prior to the American Civil War . In the film the building of the railroad in Kansas is opposed by sympathizers of the Confederacy . General Winfield Scott sends a Corps of Engineers captain ( Hayden ) incognito to complete the railroad in order to supply western outposts when the anticipated war starts . Opposing the railway is Confederate William Quantrill ( Reed Hadley ) , whose mission is to stop or delay the railway from being completed . The rights to the film are currently in the public domain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4547363aca67288f61cdadecee6033fb", "text": "Pacific Fur Company The Pacific Fur Company ( PFC ) was an American fur trade venture wholly owned and funded by John Jacob Astor that functioned from 1810 to 1813 . It was based in the Pacific Northwest , an area contested over the decades between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , the Spanish Empire , the United States of America and the Russian Empire . Management , clerks and fur trappers were sent both by land and by sea to the Pacific Coast in the Autumn of 1810 . The base of operations was constructed at the mouth of the Columbia River in 1811 , Fort Astoria ( present-day Astoria , Oregon ) . The destruction of the company vessel the Tonquin later that year off the shore of Vancouver Island took with it the majority of the annual trading goods . Commercial competition with the NWC began soon after the foundation of Fort Astoria . The Canadian competitors maintained several stations in the interior , primarily Spokane House , Kootanae House and Saleesh House . Fort Okanogan was also opened in 1811 , the first of several PFC posts created to counter these locations . The Overland Expedition faced military hostilities from several Indigenous cultures and later had an acute provision crisis leading to starvation . Despite losing men crossing the Great Plains and later at the Snake River , they arrived in groups throughout January and February 1812 at Fort Astoria . A beneficial agreement with the Russian-American Company was also planned through the regular supply of provisions for posts in Russian America . This was planned in part to prevent the rival Montreal based North West Company ( NWC ) to gain a presence along the Pacific Coast , a prospect neither Russian colonial authorities nor Astor favored . The lack of military protection during the War of 1812 forced the sale of PFC assets to the NWC . While the transactions were not finalized until 1814 , due to the distance from Fort Astoria to Montreal and New York City , the company was functionally defunct by 1813 . A party of Astorians returning overland to St. Louis in 1813 made the important discovery of the South Pass through the Rocky Mountains . This geographic feature would later be used by hundreds of thousands of settlers traveling over the Oregon , California , and Mormon routes , collectively called the Westward Expansion Trails . The emporium envisioned by Astor was a failure for a number of reasons , including the loss of two supply ships , the material difficulties of crossing the North American continent and competition from the North West Company . Historian Arthur S. Morton concluded that `` The misfortunes which befell the Pacific Fur Company were great , but such as might be expected at the initiation of an enterprise in a distant land whose difficulties and whose problems lay beyond the experience of the traders . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "798ae005669079d009c973e2756638e2", "text": "The Last Tycoon (2012 film) The Last Tycoon is a 2012 Hong Kong period drama film directed by Wong Jing , starring Chow Yun-fat , Sammo Hung , Francis Ng and Huang Xiaoming . The film was released in mainland China on 22 December 2012 , and in Hong Kong on 3 January 2013 . The story is loosely inspired by the life of Du Yuesheng , a prominent mob boss in Shanghai in the 1920s and 1930s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40fd189301367e8274431f1da2ac5b4f", "text": "Renegades of the West Renegades of the West is a 1932 American Western film directed by Casey Robinson and written by Albert S. Le Vino . The film stars Tom Keene , Roscoe Ates , Betty Furness , James Mason and Carl Miller . The film was released on November 25 , 1932 , by RKO Pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4a95336cf22529626eddfb53133d22a", "text": "Canadian Pacific (film) Canadian Pacific is a 1949 historical Western , directed by Edwin L. Marin and starring Randolph Scott and Jane Wyatt . Filmed in Cinecolor on location in the Canadian Rockies in Banff National Park , Morley Indian Reserve in Alberta and Yoho National Park in British Columbia , it spins a fanciful account of the building of the Canadian Pacific Railway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbf051ff1150aad8169dee37e52cf0e0", "text": "Rim Fire The Rim Fire was a wildfire that started in a remote canyon in Stanislaus National Forest in California . This portion of the central Sierra Nevada spans Tuolumne and Mariposa counties . The fire started on August 17 , 2013 during the 2013 California wildfire season . It was the third largest wildfire in California 's history , having burned 257314 acre . It is also the largest wildfire on record in the Sierra Nevada mountain range . The Rim Fire was fully contained on Thursday , October 24 , 2013 after a nine-week firefighting battle . More than a year passed before it was declared out on November 4 , 2014 . Due to a lack of winter rains , some logs smoldered in the interior portion of the fire throughout the winter . The fire was caused by a hunter 's illegal fire that got out of control , and it was named for its proximity to the Rim of the World vista point , a scenic overlook on Highway 120 leading up to Yosemite . A total of eleven residences , three commercial structures , and 98 outbuildings were destroyed in the fire . A total of ten injuries from the wildfire were also reported , but no firefighters were killed during the suppression efforts which cost more than $ 127 million ( 2013 USD ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e402ee728f424d9511cb43842aa4a611", "text": "Pacific Blackout Pacific Blackout is a 1941 American film about a man who is unjustly convicted of murder . It was directed by Ralph Murphy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492a1844802bd17920041bf855893e6b", "text": "Miss Pacific Fleet Miss Pacific Fleet is a 1935 American comedy film directed by Ray Enright . The film stars Joan Blondell , Glenda Farrell , and Hugh Herbert . The film was based on the short story of the same name by Frederick Hazlitt Brennan in the Collier 's magazine . It was released by Warner Bros. on December 14 , 1935 . Two stranded showgirls in California enter a beauty contest `` Miss Pacific Fleet '' to win the fare back home to New York City . This is one of a series of five movies by Warner Bros. through the early 1930s , where Blondell and Farrell were paired as blonde bombshell comedy duo . The other films in the series are Havana Widows ( 1933 ) , Kansas City Princess ( 1934 ) , Traveling Saleslady ( 1935 ) and We 're in the Money ( 1935 ) . Four of the five movies were directed by Ray Enright . They also co-starred in other Warner Bros. films in Three on a Match ( 1932 ) , I 've Got Your Number ( 1934 ) and Gold Diggers of 1937 ( 1936 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70c9506883c7f676062fbb98833cbb85", "text": "Wings Over the Pacific Wings Over the Pacific is a 60-minute 1943 drama film , directed by Phil Rosen and produced by Monogram Pictures . The film stars Inez Cooper , Edward Norris and Montagu Love . Wings Over the Pacific depicts an island community in the South Pacific caught up in World War II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d91d04342583eb37d8b76b2128ddb37f", "text": "The Americano (1916 film) The Americano is a 1916 American silent adventure/romantic comedy film directed by John Emerson and stars Douglas Fairbanks in his last production for Triangle Film Corporation . Based on the novel Blaze Derringer , by Eugene P. Lyle , Jr. , the scenario was written by John Emerson and Anita Loos who also wrote the film 's intertitles . The film was re-released by S.A. Lynch Enterprises on August 21 , 1923 . Three 16mm prints and one 8mm print of the film still exists . Set in a fictional South American country of Paragonia , it has been described as one of a group of films that supported United States imperialism by providing support to the idea of manifest destiny .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66f2f3e7ca7f4e1a59c0b6e221b0fdbc", "text": "The Stolen Loaf The Stolen Loaf is a 1913 American drama film directed by D. W. Griffith .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4a85ed749208d69530cc50338457624", "text": "That Ragtime Band That Ragtime Band is a 1913 American short comedy film directed by Mack Sennett and featuring Fatty Arbuckle .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e5f506293ff51c616c00cf9ef398f095
The Strain is an American television series.
[ { "docid": "79e1a8e695ada060fc2996e0327d15dd", "text": "The Strain (TV series) The Strain is an American horror drama television series that premiered on FX on July 13 , 2014 . It was created by Guillermo del Toro and Chuck Hogan , based on their novel trilogy of the same name . Carlton Cuse serves as executive producer and showrunner . Del Toro and Hogan wrote the pilot episode , `` Night Zero '' , which del Toro directed . A thirteen-episode first season was ordered on November 19 , 2013 . The pilot episode premiered at the ATX Television Festival in Austin , Texas , in early June 2014 . On August 6 , 2014 , FX renewed The Strain for a 13-episode second season which premiered on July 12 , 2015 . On August 7 , 2015 , FX renewed The Strain for a 10-episode third season which premiered on August 28 , 2016 . FX renewed the series for a fourth and final season on September 27 , 2016 , which is scheduled to premiere on July 16 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a6b865b7ac1f808bd400d6da249ee583", "text": "Outsiders (U.S. TV series) Outsiders is an American television drama series created by Peter Mattei . Set in the fictional town of Blackburg , Crockett County , Kentucky , the series tells the story of the Farrell clan and their struggle for power and control in the hills of Appalachia . It is WGN America 's third original series , which debuted on January 26 , 2016 . On March 11 , 2016 , WGN America renewed Outsiders for a second season which premiered on January 24 , 2017 . On April 14 , 2017 , WGN America announced , the series had been canceled after two seasons , with the then forthcoming last episode of the second season , airing as a series finale on the channel . Production and distributing studio Sony Pictures Television is set to shop the series elsewhere for further seasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f3affc8d6c14536bb350ba4e0a9b84f", "text": "TBD (TV network) TBD ( also referred to unofficially as TBD-TV ) is an American digital broadcast television network that is owned by the Sinclair Television Group subsidiary of the Sinclair Broadcast Group . Targeting millennial audiences , the network focuses on internet-based series and other digital content ( including showcases of user-generated music , animation and comedy videos , eSports , and compiled half-hour and hour-long episodes of short-form web series ) , along with some feature films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ea97addb49c4b3716e26b125f769da2", "text": "ER (TV series) ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 , with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history . It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards , including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award , and received 124 Emmy nominations , which makes it the most nominated drama program in history . ER won 116 awards in total , including the Peabody Award , while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad656ecbc363a3a2b381ed9f62bb22d", "text": "Degrassi (franchise) Degrassi is a Canadian drama franchise that follows the lives of a group of teenagers who lived on or near De Grassi Street in Toronto , Ontario . The five main series are The Kids of Degrassi Street , Degrassi Junior High , Degrassi High , Degrassi : The Next Generation and Degrassi : Next Class . The early Degrassi series were produced by the small production company owned by Kit Hood and Linda Schuyler , Playing With Time Inc. . The recent version of Degrassi , produced by Epitome Pictures , aired on MTV Canada and on VRAK.TV ( dubbed in French ) in Canada and was simultaneously broadcast on TeenNick ( and in syndication ) in the United States . Degrassi : The Next Generations '' 's eighth season aired on BBC Switch in the United Kingdom . The second incarnation of The Next Generation , Degrassi : Next Class '' , is jointly produced by Netflix and Epitome ( a subsidiary of DHX Media ) . The show began airing in January 2016 on Netflix internationally and on Family ( F2N ) in Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c04fb6bd13e052da3341fdb8f797ec46", "text": "Rush (2014 TV series) Rush is an original medical drama series created by Jonathan Levine and written by Levine , Gina Matthews and Grant Scharbo . It premiered on USA Network on July 17 , 2014 . On October 2 , 2014 , USA Network cancelled Rush .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4fa67d5fe94bda2a67255bb3ab56896", "text": "List of ER episodes ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Entertainment , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . Over the course of the series , 331 episodes aired .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5937f3cfe0e0c63419b79273fbc167a", "text": "Century City (TV series) Century City is an American science fiction-legal drama television series set in Los Angeles in the year 2030 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54f77533e7152df5ee2323a82acb2f2b", "text": "Public Strain Public Strain is the second album by Calgary band Women . This record was produced by Chad VanGaalen . It was released in 2010 on VanGaalen 's Flemish Eye record label in Canada , and on Jagjaguwar in the US . Two songs on the album are direct references to artist Ray Johnson . Locust Valley is the town where Johnson lived in New York State . Venice Lockjaw is a phrase Johnson incorporated in pins that he gave away at the Venice Biennale . A direct reference to the artist was also on the first self-titled album of 2008 : `` Sag Harbour Bridge '' from where Ray Johnson committed suicide in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e3ea1d34b486fc70b45102c3d909e8", "text": "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise . The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot . This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "609ecefedaeedc619d3261c7f2a45ef4", "text": "Strain (biology) In biology , a strain is a low-level taxonomic rank used in three related ways , usually at the infraspecific level ( within a species ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b3420f99715712d4f3b8e5775f3c27c", "text": "The 100 (TV series) The 100 ( pronounced The Hundred ) is an American post-apocalyptic science fiction drama television series that premiered on March 19 , 2014 , on The CW . The series , developed by Jason Rothenberg , is loosely based on a 2013 book of the same name , the first in a series by Kass Morgan . The series follows a group of teens : Clarke Griffin ( Eliza Taylor ) , Bellamy Blake ( Bob Morley ) , Octavia Blake ( Marie Avgeropoulos ) , Jasper Jordan ( Devon Bostick ) , Monty Green ( Christopher Larkin ) , Raven Reyes ( Lindsey Morgan ) , Finn Collins ( Thomas McDonell ) , John Murphy ( Richard Harmon ) , and Wells Jaha ( Eli Goree ) as they are among the first people from a space habitat , `` The Ark '' , to return to Earth after a devastating nuclear apocalypse ; the series also focuses on Dr. Abby Griffin ( Paige Turco ) , Clarke 's mother ; Marcus Kane ( Henry Ian Cusick ) , a council member on the Ark ; and Thelonious Jaha ( Isaiah Washington ) , the Chancellor of the Ark and Wells ' father . In March 2016 , The 100 was renewed for a fourth season of 13 episodes , which premiered on February 1 , 2017 . In March 2017 , The CW renewed the series for a fifth season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "438468135e022aaadf76b7e037cbded7", "text": "Chuck Hogan Chuck Hogan ( born August 4 , 1967 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , and television producer . He is best known as the author of Prince of Thieves , and as the co-author of The Strain trilogy with Guillermo del Toro . Alongside del Toro , Hogan created the television series The Strain ( 2014 -- present ) , adapting their trilogy of vampire novels . Hogan also wrote the crime novels The Standoff ( 1995 ) , The Blood Artists ( 1998 ) , The Killing Moon ( 2007 ) , and The Devils In Exiles ( 2010 ) , and the screenplay for the war film 13 Hours : The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi ( 2016 ) . Prince of Thieves ( 2004 ) was adapted into Ben Affleck 's Academy Award-nominated film The Town ( 2010 ) . The work won the 2005 Hammett Prize and was called one of the ten best novels of the year by Stephen King .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b94a8632159043e4f7deef2a49e46b82", "text": "Empire (2015 TV series) Empire is an American musical drama television series created by Lee Daniels and Danny Strong which debuted on January 7 , 2015 on Fox . Although it is filmed in Chicago , the show is set in New York . It centers on a fictional hip hop music and entertainment company , Empire Entertainment , and the drama among the members of the founders ' family as they fight for control of it . On January 15 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season , which premiered on September 21 , 2016 . On January 11 , 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season , consisting of eighteen episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6b5afd9f17488ff9bdbc4040e586acf", "text": "Headache (Grimm) `` Headache '' is the 21st episode of season 4 of the supernatural drama television series Grimm and the 87th episode overall , which premiered on May 8 , 2015 , on the cable network NBC . The episode was written by series creators David Greenwalt and Jim Kouf and was directed by Kouf , making his directional debut in the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d763240410adc4b7e91b929035503a48", "text": "Mind Games (TV series) Mind Games is an American drama television series created by Kyle Killen that aired on ABC . The show is about two brothers who run a problem solving firm called Edwards And Associates that employs solutions based on psychological manipulation . It premiered on February 25 , 2014 , and was canceled on March 27 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cae6fbeb7d6c9790e4cf7fd462ec87e8", "text": "The Fosters (2013 TV series) The Fosters is an American family drama television series created by Peter Paige and Bradley Bredeweg which first premiered in the United States on June 3 , 2013 on the Freeform ( previously named ABC Family ) television network . It follows the lives of the Foster family led by lesbian couple Stef and Lena , a cop and a school vice principal respectively , who raise a multi-ethnic blended family that consists of one biological and four adopted children in San Diego , California . The first season of The Fosters received generally favorable reviews from critics and also garnered particular acclaim for its portrayal of LGBT themes . It also earned two GLAAD Media Awards and one Teen Choice Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3952392bc5544fae35ffe8cf10ebebd", "text": "Sesame Street Sesame Street is a long-running American children 's television series , produced by Sesame Workshop ( formerly known as the Children 's Television Workshop ) and created by Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett . The program is known for its educational content , and images communicated through the use of Jim Henson 's Muppets , animation , short films , humor , and cultural references . The series premiered on November 10 , 1969 , to positive reviews , some controversy , and high viewership ; it has aired on the U.S. 's national public television provider ( PBS ) since its debut , with its first run moving to premium channel HBO on January 16 , 2016 . The show has undergone significant changes throughout its history . The format of Sesame Street consists of a combination of commercial television production elements and techniques which have evolved to reflect the changes in American culture and the audience 's viewing habits . With the creation of Sesame Street , producers and writers of a children 's television show used , for the first time , educational goals and a curriculum to shape its content . It was also the first time a show 's educational effects were studied . Shortly after creating Sesame Street , its producers developed what came to be called the `` CTW model '' ( after the production company 's previous name ) , a system of television show planning , production , and evaluation based on collaborations between producers , writers , educators , and researchers . The show was initially funded by government and private foundations but has become somewhat self-supporting due to revenues from licensing arrangements , international sales , and other media . By 2006 , there were independently produced versions , or `` co-productions '' , of Sesame Street broadcast in twenty countries . In 2001 there were over 120 million viewers of various international versions of Sesame Street , and by the show 's 40th anniversary in 2009 , it was broadcast in more than 140 countries . By its 40th anniversary in 2009 , Sesame Street was the fifteenth-highest-rated children 's television show in the United States . A 1996 survey found that 95 % of all American preschoolers had watched the show by the time they were three years old . In 2008 , it was estimated that 77 million Americans had watched the series as children . As of 2014 , Sesame Street has won 167 Emmy Awards and 8 Grammy Awards -- more than any other children 's show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0eb969ef0c2d14090bf0aab6fd1527f2", "text": "Grey's Anatomy (season 4) The fourth season of the American television medical drama Grey 's Anatomy , commenced airing in the United States on September 27 , 2007 and concluded on May 22 , 2008 . The season continues the story of a group of surgeons and their mentors in the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital , describing their professional lives and the way they affect the personal background of each character . Season four had twelve series regulars with ten of them returning from the previous season , out of which eight are part of the original cast from the first season . The season aired in the Thursday night timeslot at 9:00 EST. . In addition to the regular seventeen episodes , a clip-show narrated by the editors of People recapped previous events of the show and made the transition from Grey 's Anatomy to Private Practice , a spin-off focusing of Dr. Addison Montgomery and aired on September 19 , 2007 , before the season premiere . The season was officially released on DVD as a five-disc boxset under the title of Grey 's Anatomy : Season Four -- Expanded on September 9 , 2008 by Buena Vista Home Entertainment . For the first time in the show 's history , many cast changes occur , seeing the first departure of two main cast members . Despite garnering several awards and nominations for the cast members and the production team , the season received a mixed response from critics and fans . Show creator Shonda Rhimes heavily contributed to the production of the season , writing five out of the seventeen episodes . The highest-rated episode was the season premiere , which was watched by 20.93 million viewers . The season was interrupted by the 2007 -- 2008 Writers Guild of America strike , which resulted in the production of only seventeen episodes , instead of twenty-three originally planned .", "title": "" } ]
fever
88cc25424e68c073d9e0220a784aff08
The Formula (1980 film) is a 1979 television show only.
[ { "docid": "5c43caf7c3f39e217be0717fc03bacd2", "text": "The Formula (1980 film) The Formula is a 1980 American mystery film directed by John G. Avildsen and released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It features a preeminent cast including Marlon Brando , George C. Scott , John Gielgud , and Marthe Keller . Craig T. Nelson also makes a brief appearance as a geologist .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5004b011db58fb7b53296682bae7f06a", "text": "1981 Formula One season The 1981 Formula One season was the 35th season of FIA Formula One motor racing . It featured the 1981 FIA Formula One World Championship which was contested over a fifteen race series that commenced on 15 March and ended on 17 October . Formula One cars also contested the 1981 South African Grand Prix , although this was technically a Formula Libre race and was not part of the Formula One World Championship . The 1981 championship was the inaugural FIA Formula One World Championship , replacing the former World Championship for Drivers . Nelson Piquet won the Drivers ' Championship , claiming the first of his three Formula One titles and Williams won the Constructors ' Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6ba8098a35f459781734f9da23e223d", "text": "1980 Preakness Stakes The 1980 Preakness Stakes was the 105th running of the $ 250,000 Grade 1 Preakness Stakes thoroughbred horse race . The race took place on May 17 , 1980 , and was televised in the United States on the ABC television network . Codex , who was jockeyed by Angel Cordero , Jr. , won the race by four and three quarter lengths over runner-up Genuine Risk . Approximate post time was 5:40 p.m. Eastern Time . The race was run on a fast track in a final time of 1:54 -1 / 5 . The Maryland Jockey Club reported total attendance of 83,455 , this is recorded as second highest on the list of American thoroughbred racing top attended events for North America in 1980 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93e6008117ecafe7a8ad0e13dba99cfc", "text": "ESPN SpeedWorld ESPN SpeedWorld ( formerly Auto Racing ' 79 -- ' 86 ) is the name of a former television series broadcast on ESPN from 1979 -- 2006 . The program that was based primarily based around NASCAR , CART , IMSA , Formula One , NHRA , and IHRA . The theme music is a based on the piano interlude from `` 18th Avenue ( Kansas City Nightmare ) '' by Cat Stevens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "050d1f6c28641876a084718dd67c82ce", "text": "The Bold Ones The Bold Ones is the umbrella title for several television series . It was produced by Universal Television and broadcast on NBC from 1969 to 1973 . It was a wheel format series , an NBC programming approach also used by that network in series such as The Name of the Game and the NBC Mystery Movie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c779eabf564b16a540361559dda3de2", "text": "North One Television North One Television is a television production company based in London and Birmingham , England , and Sydney , Australia . It was originally known as Chrysalis Television and is now part of All3Media . Notable programmes produced include Formula 1 coverage on ITV for ITV Sport , Football Italia , ASBO Teen to Beauty Queen , The Gadget Show and Fifth Gear . North One Television has won the tender for a programme to accompany Channel 4 's Formula 1 coverage from 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7996e9d50e5c2d451622f3cef7b81e26", "text": "Analog television Analog television or analogue television is the original television technology that uses analog signals to transmit video and audio . In an analog television broadcast , the brightness , colors and sound are represented by rapid variations of either the amplitude , frequency or phase of the signal . Analog signals vary over a continuous range of possible values which means that electronic noise and interference becomes reproduced by the receiver . So with analog , a moderately weak signal becomes snowy and subject to interference . In contrast , a moderately weak digital signal and a very strong digital signal transmit equal picture quality . Analog television may be wireless or can be distributed over a cable network using cable converters . All broadcast television systems preceding digital transmission of digital television ( DTV ) used analog signals . Analog television around the world has been in the process of shutting down since the late 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "521bfcee6dd2104f540fe958d07be9f2", "text": "Flix (TV network) Flix is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by the Showtime Networks , Inc. subsidiary of CBS Corporation . Its programming consists solely of theatrically released feature films released from the 1970s to the present day , interspersed with some films from the 1950s and 1960s . It is the only premium television service in the United States that does not operate any multiplex channels that provide additional programming alongside the main service . Although Flix is typically offered as part of the Showtime multiplex , the channel 's carriage varies depending on both the cable provider and market , therefore it may not be available alongside Showtime and The Movie Channel 's multiplex services in all areas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f58197d17b2aef325827f21095ea646", "text": "20th Television Twentieth Television ( or 20TV , stylized as 20th Television ) is an American television syndication studio and the syndication arm of 20th Century Fox Television itself a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69fb8ef6b8735f96ec4c0db49d507113", "text": "The Phoenix Team The Phoenix Team was a Canadian drama television series which aired on CBC Television in 1980 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db9bce7290c6daea20c9ab9805f6213c", "text": "The Flintstone Primetime Specials The Flintstone Primetime Specials ( onscreen title : The Flintstone Special ) is a four-episode limited-run prime time television revival of The Flintstones produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions which aired on NBC from September 26 , 1980 to October 11 , 1981 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf7dc83a02451d7cd0f673dad657ab19", "text": "Mass formula A mass formula is an equation or set of equations in physics which attempts to predict the mass or mass ratios of the subatomic particles . An important step in high energy physics was the discovery of the Gell-Mann -- Okubo mass formula predicting relationships between masses of the members of SU ( 3 ) multiplets . The development of an accurate mass formula is one of several fundamental aspects to developing a working theory of everything , which is expected to overcome the incompatibilities between current classical and quantum physics theories . There are currently no universal mass formulae which are generally accepted as correct by the mainstream physics community , however several versions of potential mass formulae have been presented and are currently being explored by some ( largely amateur ) physics theorists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c528383333e9cc4a9ae676e8a9860bb2", "text": "CBC Film Festival CBC Film Festival is a Canadian feature film television series which aired on CBC Television from 1979 to 1980 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f20e9fe4ea75e3d738bfbed78dcc360", "text": "F-1 Grand Prix (video game series) is a series of video games developed and published by Video System . The series is based on the seasonal television series by Fuji Television and FOCA . It was also influenced by Video System 's 1989 arcade racing game , Tail to Nose : Great Championship ( known in Japan as Super Formula : Chijō Saisoku no Battle ) , and started with an Arcade game in 1991 . The series was later brought to home consoles from the Super Famicom to the Nintendo 64 , Sony PlayStation and Sega Dreamcast platforms . The music of the games were mostly composed by Naoki Itamura , and some titles in the series feature the song TRUTH by T-Square . In 1998 , the series later shifted from a top-viewed racing game to a 3D polygon-based simulation-style racing game beginning with the release of F-1 World Grand Prix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38eb7d8d2b66b02c2edf231226c82a85", "text": "List of CBS Radio Mystery Theater episodes (1979 season) This is an episode list for the 1979 season of the radio drama series CBS Radio Mystery Theater . The series premiered on CBS on January 6 , 1974 and ended on December 31 , 1982 . A set of 1,399 original episodes aired between January 1974 and December 1982 . The series was broadcast every day of the week for the first six years with repeats filling in empty slots starting in February 1974 . All episodes are available free at the Internet Archive .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73525f14b6d460527470ba0bfb4c419f", "text": "1979 Rothmans International Series The 1979 Rothmans International Series was an Australian motor racing series open to Australian Formula 5000 , World Formula 1 and Australian Formula Pacific cars . It was the fourth and final Rothmans International Series . The series was won by Larry Perkins driving an Elfin MR8 Chevrolet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6196206389943674e09d37484fed342d", "text": "The Formula (song) `` The Formula '' is a song by American rapper The D.O.C. , from his 1989 debut album No One Can Do It Better . It was released as the third single to support that album and reached number 76 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart in April 1990 . The song was produced by Dr. Dre and contains samples from Marvin Gaye 's `` Inner City Blues ( Make Me Wan na Holler ) '' , from his 1971 album What 's Going On .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35ea72822fcc112c787f47d5d37daaff", "text": "The Beatles (TV series) The Beatles is an American animated television series featuring representations of the popular English rock band of the same name . It ran from 1965 to 1969 on ABC in the U.S. ( only 1965 to 1967 was first run ; later transmissions were reruns ) . The series debuted on September 25 , 1965 and ended on September 7 , 1969 . A total of 39 episodes were produced . The series was shown on Saturday mornings at 10:30 AM EST until the 1967 third season when it was moved to 12:00 PM EST. . For the fourth season , which consisted of reruns , the series was shown at 9:30 AM EST on Sunday mornings . Each episode has a name of a Beatles song , so the story is based on its lyrics and it is also played at some time in the episode . The original series was rebroadcast in syndication by MTV in 1986 and 1987 and on the Disney Channel beginning in 1989 on Fridays at 5 PM . The series was a historical milestone as the first weekly television series to feature animated versions of real , living people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8255e8161ec9033b653ed5308e84988", "text": "Schoolhouse Rock! Schoolhouse Rock ! is an American interstitial programming series of animated musical educational short films ( and later , videos ) that aired during the Saturday morning children 's programming on the U.S. television network ABC . The topics covered included grammar , science , economics , history , mathematics , and civics . The series ' original run lasted from 1973 to 1985 ; it was later revived with both old and new episodes airing from 1993 to 1999 . Additional episodes were produced in 2009 for direct-to-video release .", "title": "" } ]
fever
60bc38eda39491e626c41afc53ce98b4
Ayn Rand opposed laissez-faire capitalism.
[ { "docid": "aef66ae808a18a894221135c19dcae7f", "text": "Ayn Rand Ayn Rand ( -LSB- ˈaɪn_ˈrænd -RSB- born Alisa Zinov ` yevna Rosenbaum , Али́са Зино́вьевна Розенба́ум -- March 6 , 1982 ) was a Russian-American novelist , philosopher , playwright , and screenwriter . She is known for her two best-selling novels , The Fountainhead and Atlas Shrugged , and for developing a philosophical system she called Objectivism . Educated in Russia , she moved to the United States in 1926 . She had a play produced on Broadway in 1935 -- 1936 . After two early novels that were initially unsuccessful in America , she achieved fame with her 1943 novel , The Fountainhead . In 1957 , Rand published her best-known work , the novel Atlas Shrugged . Afterward , she turned to non-fiction to promote her philosophy , publishing her own magazines and releasing several collections of essays until her death in 1982 . Rand advocated reason as the only means of acquiring knowledge , and rejected faith and religion . She supported rational and ethical egoism , and rejected altruism . In politics , she condemned the initiation of force as immoral , and opposed collectivism and statism as well as anarchism , and instead supported laissez-faire capitalism , which she defined as the system based on recognizing individual rights . In art , Rand promoted romantic realism . She was sharply critical of most philosophers and philosophical traditions known to her , except for Aristotle , Thomas Aquinas , and classical liberals . Literary critics received Rand 's fiction with mixed reviews , and academia generally ignored or rejected her philosophy , though academic interest has increased in recent decades . The Objectivist movement attempts to spread her ideas , both to the public and in academic settings . She has been a significant influence among libertarians and American conservatives .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5ec69f76f862c9b38e890e8e962e56ca", "text": "Modern liberalism in the United States Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States . It is characterized by social liberalism , and combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy . The term `` modern liberalism '' in this article refers only to the United States . In a global context , this philosophy is usually referred to as social liberalism . The American modern liberal philosophy strongly endorses public spending on programs such as education , health care , and welfare . Important social issues today include addressing inequality , voting rights for minorities , affirmative action , reproductive and other women 's rights , support for LGBT rights , and immigration reform . Modern liberalism took shape during the twentieth century , with roots in Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism , Woodrow Wilson 's New Freedom , Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal , Harry S. Truman 's Fair Deal , John F. Kennedy 's New Frontier , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's Great Society . American liberals oppose conservatives on most issues , but not all . Modern liberalism is historically related to social liberalism and progressivism , though the current relationship between liberal and progressive viewpoints is debated . John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows : Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 defined a liberal party as one , Keynesian economic theory has played an important role in the economic philosophy of modern American liberals . Modern American liberals generally believe that national prosperity requires government management of the macroeconomy , in order to keep unemployment low , inflation in check , and growth high . They also value institutions that defend against economic inequality . In The Conscience of a Liberal Paul Krugman writes : `` I believe in a relatively equal society , supported by institutions that limit extremes of wealth and poverty . I believe in democracy , civil liberties , and the rule of law . That makes me a liberal , and I 'm proud of it . '' Liberals often point to the widespread prosperity enjoyed under a mixed economy in the years since World War II . They believe liberty exists when access to necessities like health care and economic opportunity are available to all , and they champion the protection of the environment . Modern American liberalism is typically associated with the Democratic Party , as modern American conservatism is typically associated with the Republican Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14d4e859c9a782066a8c84ea32337595", "text": "On the Jewish Question `` On the Jewish Question '' is a work by Karl Marx , written in 1843 , and first published in Paris in 1844 under the German title `` Zur Judenfrage '' in the Deutsch -- Französische Jahrbücher . It was one of Marx 's first attempts to develop what would later be called the materialist conception of history . The essay criticizes two studies by Marx 's fellow Young Hegelian Bruno Bauer on the attempt by Jews to achieve political emancipation in Prussia . Bauer argued that Jews could achieve political emancipation only by relinquishing their particular religious consciousness , since political emancipation requires a secular state , which he assumes does not leave any `` space '' for social identities such as religion . According to Bauer , such religious demands are incompatible with the idea of the `` Rights of Man '' . True political emancipation , for Bauer , requires the abolition of religion . Marx uses Bauer 's essay as an occasion for his own analysis of liberal rights , arguing that Bauer is mistaken in his assumption that in a `` secular state '' religion will no longer play a prominent role in social life , and giving as an example the pervasiveness of religion in the United States , which , unlike Prussia , had no state religion . In Marx 's analysis , the `` secular state '' is not opposed to religion , but rather actually presupposes it . The removal of religious or property qualifications for citizens does not mean the abolition of religion or property , but only introduces a way of regarding individuals in abstraction from them . On this note Marx moves beyond the question of religious freedom to his real concern with Bauer 's analysis of `` political emancipation '' . Marx concludes that while individuals can be `` spiritually '' and `` politically '' free in a secular state , they can still be bound to material constraints on freedom by economic inequality , an assumption that would later form the basis of his critiques of capitalism . A number of scholars and commentators regard `` On the Jewish Question '' , and in particular its second section , which addresses Bauer 's work `` The Capacity of Present-day Jews and Christians to Become Free '' , as antisemitic ; however , a number of others disagree .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bebc80fbc84f17851a5d32e73a4bea9e", "text": "Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology Introduction to Objectivist Epistemology is a work of philosophy by Ayn Rand and Leonard Peikoff . Rand considered it her philosophical treatise . First published in its combined form in 1979 , the majority of the book is Rand 's summation of the Objectivist theory of concepts and solution to the problem of universals . An additional essay by Peikoff discusses the analytic -- synthetic distinction . A second edition published in 1990 includes transcripts of a discussion session Rand conducted on epistemology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e601245344b52901a6ec2edadbe8c883", "text": "Economistic fallacy The economistic fallacy is a concept originated by Karl Polanyi in the 1950s , that refers to fallacious conflation of human economy in general , with its market form . Whereas the former is a necessary component of any society , being the organization through which that society meets its physical wants , ie . reproduces itself , the latter is a modern institution that is neither autonomous nor stable . The fallacy can occur either by narrowing the genus `` economic '' to merely market phenomena , or overextending `` the market '' to encompass all aspects of human economic activity . These moves can be seen as equating the conceptual content of `` economics '' with what is in fact mere form or ideology , instead of with the substance embodied by the specific decisive relations in which humans are engaged in any given period and locale . Polanyi considered the roots of this fallacy to lie in a particularly pervasive form of subjectivity specific to the conditions of life in nineteenth century industrial economies , describing it as the `` central illusion of an age '' . Contemporary scholars support the enduring prevalence of the fallacy , which is further explained by Polanyi 's analysis of its entrenchment in various institutions . Polanyi developed the concept over time , devoting the first chapter of his posthumously-published book The Livelihood of Man to the subject . It elaborates on his concept of embeddedness , that humans are social creatures and that economic activity takes place in , and because of , social contexts . The economistic fallacy is used to criticize both Marxist economics and classical liberalism , focusing on their assumptions built on materialism and rationality . The economistic fallacy is also used to reject the tendency of Marxists and classical liberals alike to separate economics from other fields of human life and study and to reduce those aspects and fields to mere aspects of economics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ccc6955f174432b93b1b3412ed8fc3a", "text": "Libertad y Desarrollo Libertad y Desarrollo , abbreviated to LyD , is a Chilean think tank focused on liberal , free market economic studies . Founded in 1990 , the think tank defines itself as a `` center for studies and private research , independent of any political , religious , business , or governmental organization , that is dedicated to the analysis of public affairs promoting the values and principles of a free society '' . The think tank is the Chilean representative of RELIAL , the Liberal Network of Latin America ( Red Liberal de America Latina ) . The center is divided into 7 programs : Economic Program , Social Program , Society and Politics Program , Legislative Program , Environmental Program , and the Justice Program . The group 's goal is to respond to these various issues with a liberal , free market perspective and to make public policy recommendations specific to Chile for legislators , but not to participate in government directly . Economists Hernan Büchi , Luis Larraín , Cristián Larroulet are affiliated with the think tank . LyD became involved the public discussion and policy recommendations regarding education reforms during the 2011 protests in Chile , testifying before the Senate 's Education Commission . According to the 2014 Global Go To Think Tank Index Report ( Think Tanks and Civil Societies Program , University of Pennsylvania ) , LyD is ranked number 97 ( of 100 ) in the `` Top Think Tanks Worldwide ( non-U.S. ) '' , number 53 ( of 150 ) in the `` Top Think Tanks Worldwide ( U.S. and non-U.S. ) '' , and number 29 ( of 50 ) in the `` Best Think Tanks in Central and South America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018dbcfea7e664482df3b8e7c00f2f93", "text": "Right-wing politics Right-wing politics hold that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable , natural , normal , or desirable , typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law , economics or tradition . Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies . The term right-wing can generally refer to `` the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system . '' The political terms Right and Left were first used during the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 99 ) , and referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament ; those who sat to the right of the chair of the parliamentary president were broadly supportive of the institutions of the monarchist Ancien Régime . The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left , and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy , tradition , and clericalism . The use of the expression la droite ( the right ) became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815 , when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists . The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms `` right '' and `` left '' to their own politics until the 20th century . Although the right-wing originated with traditional conservatives , monarchists and reactionaries , the term extreme right-wing has also been applied to movements including fascists , Nazis , and racial supremacists . From the 1830s to the 1880s , there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy , moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism . This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party , which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism . In the United States , the Right includes both economic and social conservatives . In Europe , economic conservatives are usually considered liberal , and the Right includes nationalists , nativist opposition to immigration , religious conservatives , and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with anti-capitalist sentiments including conservatives and fascists who opposed what they saw as the selfishness and excessive materialism inherent in contemporary capitalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42e1e0406937cbc0ce6bba014cde5459", "text": "Criticism of democracy Criticism of democracy may consist of claims of it being economically inefficient , politically idealistic , dysfunctional , morally corrupt or simply suboptimal sociopolitically . Important figures associated with anti-democratic thought include Martin Heidegger , Hubert Lagardelle , Charles Maurras , Friedrich Nietzsche , Adolf Hitler , Plato , Aristotle , Carl Schmitt , Hans-Hermann Hoppe , Oswald Spengler , Nicolás Gómez Dávila and Elazar Menachem Shach . A variety of ideologies and political systems have opposed democracy , including absolute monarchy , aristocracy , Nazism , fascism , theocracy , neo-feudalism , and anarcho-capitalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b73f642ca656279180828ccf71950907", "text": "Political positions of Noam Chomsky Noam Chomsky is a widely known intellectual , political activist , and critic of the foreign policy of the United States and other governments . Noam Chomsky describes himself as a libertarian socialist , a sympathizer of anarcho-syndicalism , and is considered to be a key intellectual figure within the left-wing of US politics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b2924b96fcf0bd2e032636000026852", "text": "The Early Ayn Rand The Early Ayn Rand : A Selection from Her Unpublished Fiction is an anthology of unpublished early fiction written by Ayn Rand , first published in 1984 , two years after her death . The selections include short stories , plays , and excerpts of material cut from her novels We the Living and The Fountainhead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f52ddb5f3180452d7ce51b18bfacc11a", "text": "Socialist mode of production In Marxist theory , socialism , also called lower-stage communism or the socialist mode of production , refers to a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that supersede capitalism in the schema of historical materialism . The Marxist definition of socialism is a mode of production where the sole criterion for production is use-value and therefore the law of value no longer directs economic activity . Marxist production for use is coordinated through conscious economic planning , while distribution of economic output is based on the principle of to each according to his contribution . The social relations of socialism are characterized by the working class effectively owning the means of production and the means of their livelihood , either through cooperative enterprises or by public ownership or private artisanal tools and self-management , so that the social surplus accrues to the working class and society as a whole . This view is consistent with , and helped to inform , early conceptions of socialism where the law of value no longer directs economic activity , and thus monetary relations in the form of exchange-value , profit , interest and wage labor would not operate and apply to Marxist socialism . The Marxian conception of socialism stands in contrast to other early conceptions of socialism , most notably early forms of market socialism based on classical economics such as mutualism and Ricardian socialism . Unlike the Marxian conception , these conceptions of socialism retained commodity exchange ( markets ) for labor and the means of production , seeking to perfect the market process . The Marxist idea of socialism was also heavily opposed to utopian socialism . Although Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels wrote very little on socialism and neglected to provide any details on how it might be organized , numerous social scientists and neoclassical economists have used Marx 's theory as a basis for developing their own models of socialist economic systems . The Marxist view of socialism served as a point of reference during the socialist calculation debate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4500eaf681f877ca0a99d47d907e1bdb", "text": "Mohawk Valley formula The Mohawk Valley formula is a plan for strikebreaking purportedly written by the president of the Remington Rand company James Rand , Jr. around the time of the Remington Rand strike at Ilion , New York in 1936/37 . The plan includes discrediting union leaders , frightening the public with the threat of violence , using local police and vigilantes to intimidate strikers , forming puppet associations of `` loyal employees '' to influence public debate , fortifying workplaces , employing large numbers of replacement workers , and threatening to close the plant if work is not resumed . The authenticity of the written plan has never been clearly established . Although it was allegedly published in the National Association of Manufacturers Labor Relations Bulletin , no original copy has been found , nor does NAM list it among its pamphlets from that era . Parts of the plan use language sympathetic to the views of labor organizers . The Remington Rand company did indeed ruthlessly suppress the strikes , as documented in a ruling by the National Labor Relations Board , and the plan has been accepted as a guide to the methods that were used . At least one source names the strikebreaker Pearl Bergoff and his so-called `` Bergoff Technique '' as the origin of the formula . Rand and Bergoff were both indicted by the same federal grand jury for their roles in the Remington Rand strike . Noam Chomsky has described the formula as the result of business owners ' trend away from violent strikebreaking to a `` scientific '' approach based on propaganda . An essential feature of this approach is the identification of the management 's interests with `` Americanism , '' while labor activism is portrayed as the work of un-American outsiders . Workers are thus persuaded to turn against the activists and toward management to demonstrate their patriotism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78ea6dd9287f24c0855296115377c03b", "text": "Ecological self Ecological self is central to the school of Experiential Deep Ecology , which , based on the work of Norwegian philosopher Arne Næss , argues that through the process of self-actualisation , one transcends the nations of the individuated `` egoic '' self and arrives at a position of an ecological self . So long as one is working within the narrower concept of self , Næss argues , environmentally responsible behaviour is a form of altruism , a `` doing good for the other '' , which historically has been a precarious ethical basis , usually involved in exhorting others to `` be good '' . Næss argues that in his Ecosophy , the enlargement of the ego-self to the eco-self results in environmentally responsible behaviour as a form of self-interest . Warwick Fox argued that Næss 's philosophy was based upon a variety of `` transpersonal ecology '' in which self-interest was firmly embedded within the interest of the ecommunity ecosphere of which the self was eternally embedded As deep ecologist John Seed has stated , `` Deep ecology critiques the idea that we are the crown of creation , the measure of all being : that the world is a pyramid with humanity rightly on top , merely a resource , and that nature has instrumental value only '' . The concept of the Ecological Self goes beyond anthropocentrism , which , by contrast locates human concerns as the exclusive source of all value . It draws upon the Land Ethic of Aldo Leopold . Leopold argued that within conventional ethics , the land itself was considered only as property , occupying a role analogous to slavery in earlier societies that permitted the ownership of people . By comparison a land ethic enlarges the boundary of moral concern to include `` soils , waters , plants , and animals , or collectively : the land '' . The basis of such a non-anthropocentric ethic , according to Leopold was that `` A thing is right when it tends to preserve the integrity , stability , and beauty of the biotic community . It is wrong when it tends otherwise . '' Like Thomas Berry and Brian Swimme , ecological philosopher Freya Mathews argues that in considering the ecological self , we need to look beyond the present to the `` deep time '' of ages past , in the evolution of life and the creation of the cosmos , in order to consider the real roots of human consciousness . Experiential deep ecologist Joanna Macy speaks of the Ecological Self in her book `` World as Lover , World as Self '' , and uses the concept in her work on `` Deep Time '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1719d4f4807a7a318ef6009e7e51557b", "text": "Power and Market Power and Market : Government and the Economy is a 1970 book by Murray Rothbard in which he analyzes the negative effects of the various kinds of government intervention , and argues that the State is neither necessary nor useful . It was originally part of his 1962 book Man , Economy , and State but was censored by the publisher , who felt it was too radical for publication and later published under the above title . It was reunited with the 4th edition of Man , Economy , and State in 2004 in the volume sub-titled `` The Scholar 's Edition '' from the Ludwig von Mises Institute .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79f0068a14518e18c13f48406ab3f252", "text": "Philadelphia Society The Philadelphia Society is a membership organization the purpose of which is `` to sponsor the interchange of ideas through discussion and writing , in the interest of deepening the intellectual foundation of a free and ordered society , and of broadening the understanding of its basic principles and traditions '' . The membership of the Society tends to be composed of persons holding conservative or libertarian political views , and many of those associated with the Society have exercised considerable influence over the development of the conservative movement in the United States . It was founded in 1964 by Donald Lipsett in conjunction with Bill Buckley , Milton Friedman , Frank Meyer , and Ed Feulner , and the former Presidents of the Society include Henry Regnery , Edwin J. Feulner , Russell Kirk , Mel Bradford , Forrest McDonald , T. Kenneth Cribb , M. Stanton Evans , Ellis Sandoz , Edwin Meese , Claes G. Ryn , Midge Decter , Roger Ream , Steven F. Hayward , Lee Edwards , William F. Buckley , and George H. Nash . Notable speakers at past meetings of the Society have included Larry Arnhart , Andrew Bacevich , Wendell Berry , Robert Bork , Mel Bradford , Warren T. Brookes , William F. Buckley , Vladimir Bukovsky , Ronald Coase , T. Kenneth Cribb , Midge Decter , M. Stanton Evans , Edwin J. Feulner , Milton Friedman , George Gilder , Victor Davis Hanson , William Hague , S. I. Hayakawa , Friedrich von Hayek , Henry Hazlitt , W.H. Hutt , Herman Kahn , Russell Kirk , Irving Kristol , Erik von Kuehnelt-Leddihn , Forrest McDonald , Edwin Meese , Frank Meyer , Charles Murray , Robert Nisbet , Michael Novak , Richard Pipes , Norman Podhoretz , Henry Regnery , William A. Rusher , Paul Ryan , Ellis Sandoz , Shelby Steele , George J. Stigler , Terry Teachout , Edward H. Teller , and Eric Voegelin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b6e9a0a85dff70bfcced61cd6552f8f", "text": "Voluntary Socialism Voluntary Socialism is a work of nonfiction by the American mutualist Francis Dashwood Tandy ( 1867 -- 1913 ) . First published in 1896 , it has been favorably cited by many individualist anarchists , including Clarence Lee Swartz , minarchist Robert Nozick and left-libertarian Roderick T. Long , who has noted that `` many of the standard moves in market anarchist theory today are already in evidence in Tandy '' . Tandy was a member of the `` Denver Circle '' , a group of men who associated with Benjamin Tucker and contributed to the periodical Liberty . In the preface to Voluntary Socialism , he declares his intent to `` give a complete outline of -LSB- Voluntaryism -RSB- in its most important bearings '' . To that end , chapters one through four outline the foundation for Tandy 's anarchism , drawing heavily from Max Stirner and Herbert Spencer . Chapters five through fourteen cover specific areas of interest , including private defense agencies , the labor theory of value , mutual banking , transportation , and political strategy . The book is dedicated to Benjamin Tucker , `` whose lucid writings and scathing criticisms have done so much to dispel the clouds of economic superstition '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19240459b5dd0c265664de1b23187870", "text": "Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources . The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution . Critiques Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does . Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement . A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02325c798e54959b662704c9c8f0894b", "text": "Who Is Ayn Rand? Who Is Ayn Rand ? is a 1962 book about Ayn Rand by Nathaniel Branden and Barbara Branden . It comprises four essays addressing Rand 's life and writings and her philosophy of Objectivism . The book 's title essay is Barbara Branden 's authorized biography of Rand . The Brandens subsequently repudiated the book , deeming its approach too uncritical towards Rand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c101c419b742666d0f8fe7229c0a23b6", "text": "American poetry american ' poetry '' ' , the poetry of the United States , arose first as efforts by colonists to add their voices to English poetry in the 17th century , well before the constitutional unification of the thirteen colonies ( although before this unification , a strong oral tradition often likened to poetry existed among Native American societies ) . Unsurprisingly , most of the early colonists ' work relied on contemporary British models of poetic form , diction , and theme . However , in the 19th century , a distinctive American idiom began to emerge . By the later part of that century , when Walt Whitman was winning an enthusiastic audience abroad , poets from the United States had begun to take their place at the forefront of the English-language avant-garde '' . The history of American poetry is not easy to know . Much of the American poetry published between 1910 and 1945 remains lost in the pages of small circulation political periodicals , particularly the ones on the far left , destroyed by librarians during the 1950s McCarthy era . The received narrative of Modernism proposes that Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot were perhaps the most influential modernist English-language poets in the period during World War I . But this narrative leaves out African American and women poets who were published and read widely in the first half of the twentieth century . By the 1960s , the young poets of the British Poetry Revival looked to their American contemporaries and predecessors as models for the kind of poetry they wanted to write . Toward the end of the millennium , consideration of American poetry had diversified , as scholars placed an increased emphasis on poetry by women , African Americans , Hispanics , Chicanos and other cultural groupings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "168c1866fcf7fc4afad5c20cb3db1817", "text": "The labor problem `` The labor problem '' is the economics term widely used toward the turn of the twentieth century with various applications . It has been defined in many ways , such as `` the problem of improving the conditions of employment of the wage-earning classes . '' It encompasses the difficulties faced by wage-earners and employers who began to cut wages for various reasons including increased technology , desire for lower costs or to stay in business . The wage-earning classes responded with strikes , by unionizing and by committing acts of outright violence . It was a nationwide problem that spanned nearly all industries and helped contribute to modern business conditions still seen today . Possible causes include the failure to account for the negative externality of reproduction in the face of finite natural resources which results in over-supply of labor and falling living standards for wage-laborers , depersonalization by machines and poor working conditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d837f920105393a8cbe2a455acd91fa", "text": "Technological unemployment Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change . Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving `` mechanical-muscle '' machines or more efficient `` mechanical-mind '' processes ( automation ) . Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile , humans ' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history . Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms . During World War II , Alan Turing 's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours . A contemporary example of technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers by self-service tills . That technological change can cause short-term job losses is widely accepted . The view that it can lead to lasting increases in unemployment has long been controversial . Participants in the technological unemployment debates can be broadly divided into optimists and pessimists . Optimists agree that innovation may be disruptive to jobs in the short term , yet hold that various compensation effects ensure there is never a long-term negative impact on jobs . Whereas pessimists contend that at least in some circumstances , new technologies can lead to a lasting decline in the total number of workers in employment . The phrase `` technological unemployment '' was popularised by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s . Yet the issue of machines displacing human labour has been discussed since at least Aristotle 's time . Prior to the 18th century both the elite and common people would generally take the pessimistic view on technological unemployment , at least in cases where the issue arose . Due to generally low unemployment in much of pre-modern history , the topic was rarely a prominent concern . In the 18th century fears over the impact of machinery on jobs intensified with the growth of mass unemployment , especially in Great Britain which was then at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution . Yet some economic thinkers began to argue against these fears , claiming that overall innovation would not have negative effects on jobs . These arguments were formalised in the early 19th century by the classical economists . During the second half of the 19th century , it became increasingly apparent that technological progress was benefiting all sections of society , including the working class . Concerns over the negative impact of innovation diminished . The term `` Luddite fallacy '' was coined to describe the thinking that innovation would have lasting harmful effects on employment . The view that technology is unlikely to lead to long term unemployment has been repeatedly challenged by a minority of economists . In the early 1800s these included Ricardo himself . There were dozens of economists warning about technological unemployment during brief intensifications of the debate that spiked in the 1930s and 1960s . Especially in Europe , there were further warnings in the closing two decades of the twentieth century , as commentators noted an enduring rise in unemployment suffered by many industrialised nations since the 1970s . Yet a clear majority of both professional economists and the interested general public held the optimistic view through most of the 20th century . In the second decade of the 21st century , a number of studies have been released suggesting that technological unemployment may be increasing worldwide . Further increases are forecast for the years to come . While many economists and commentators still argue such fears are unfounded , as was widely accepted for most of the previous two centuries , concern over technological unemployment is growing once again . A report in Wired in 2017 quotes knowledgeable people such as economist Gene Sperling and management professor Andrew McAfee on the idea that handling existing and impending job loss to automation is a `` significant issue '' . Regarding a recent claim by a political appointee that automation is not `` going to have any kind of big effect on the economy for the next 50 or 100 years , '' says McAfee , `` I do n't talk to anyone in the field who believes that . '' Innovations like Watson have the potential to render humans obsolete with the professional , white-collar , low-skilled , creative fields , and other `` mental jobs '' .", "title": "" } ]
fever
057ab37eaec41d40f3466793d0046f03
Love Aaj Kal is directed by Imtiaz Ali and produced by Saif Ali Khan.
[ { "docid": "8e3c6cf62ea4b8e70447ec385b3fc36f", "text": "Love Aaj Kal Love Aaj Kal ( Love Nowadays ) is a 2009 Indian romantic comedy-drama film starring Saif Ali Khan and Deepika Padukone in lead roles with Rahul Khanna , Rishi Kapoor and Giselli Monteiro in supporting roles . The film is directed by Imtiaz Ali and produced by Saif Ali Khan and Dinesh Vijan . The film portrays the feeling of pure love which never changes , although the perspective of realising one 's soulmate has changed over time . Although there was a lot of pre-release speculation that the film was a remake of the 2005 Taiwanese film , Three Times , post-release reviews have proven that this is not the case . This film was remade into Telugu as Teen Maar with Pawan Kalyan and Trisha Krishnan in lead roles .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "fdc98137812821f7809c8b41d2303afc", "text": "Aap Ki Kasam Aap Ki Kasam ( I swear by you ) is a 1974 Hindi film produced by J. Om Prakash , which also marks his directorial debut . The film stars Rajesh Khanna , Mumtaz , Sanjeev Kumar , Rehman , Asrani and A. K. Hangal . The music is by R.D. Burman , who received the only Filmfare nomination for the film . The film was successful and was declared as hit on the box office , and it was also acclaimed by the critics . The songs from the film , including ` Jai Jai Shiv Shankar ' , ` Zindagi ke safar mein ' and ` Karvate badalate rahen ' , became very popular . The Hindu newspaper in its review of the film quoted `` In a remarkable scene , where Rajesh Khanna , his anger simmering , confronts Mumtaz , the director , J. Om Prakash , brings out the performer in both . Mumtaz brings compelling expressions to her countenance as her initial disbelief at being doubted by her husband is transformed from anguish to fury in a flash . This remains the standout moment of the movie apart from the song `` Zindagi ke safar mein guzar jate hain jo maqaam '' . The film is a remake of a Malayalam film , Vaazhve Mayam ( 1970 ) , directed by K S Sethumadhavan , where the ending was different . The film was later also remade in Telugu , retaining the original ending , by director Dasari Narayana Rao as Edadugula Bandham ( 1985 ) starring Mohan Babu and Jayasudha .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0848e2780f2bce59f5b70a414d3fbb28", "text": "Khwaabb Khwaabb is an Bollywood romance and drama film directed by Zaid Ali Khan and produced by Moraad Ali Khan under the banner of Bullseye Productions . It features actors Navdip Singh and Simar Motiani in the lead roles . Music of the film has been composed by Sandeep Chowta and Sajjad Ali Chandwani . The film is released on 9 May 2014 . The story revolves around the lives of two athletes : their struggles , their dreams and their aspirations . The official trailer of Khwaabb was unveiled on 23 August 2013 at Delhi . Upon being released on the net on the following day , the trailer got 1,22,000 views in 10 days only . Khwaabb was initially supposed to be released on October 2012 . However , it was later postponed to 9 May 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8568571d1d8245bff5d26e165f3f7aa4", "text": "Bajirao Mastani Bajirao Mastani is a 2015 Indian epic historical romance film directed by Sanjay Leela Bhansali , who also composed the music of the film . It is jointly produced by Bhansali and Eros International . The film stars Ranveer Singh as Bajirao I and Deepika Padukone as Mastani , with Priyanka Chopra playing Bajirao 's first wife Kashibai . Tanvi Azmi , Vaibbhav Tatwawdi and Milind Soman appear in supporting roles . Based on the Marathi novel Raau by Nagnath S. Inamdar , the film narrates the story of the Maratha Peshwa Bajirao ( 1700-1740 AD ) and his second wife Mastani . The film was in development for 15 years , with Bhansali wanting to make the film after Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam . However , several times , the production was delayed due to the changing cast . Principal photography started in mid 2014 after the casting of principal roles was finalised . The film was released on 18 December 2015 to critical acclaim from critics , who praised the direction , cinematography , production design , costumes , music and performances , particularly of Chopra , and Singh . The film has grossed over at the box-office , emerging as a commercial success and one of the highest-grossing Indian films of all time . The film received several accolades at various award ceremonies across India . At the 63rd National Film Awards , Bajirao Mastani received seven awards , including Best Direction and Best Supporting Actress for Tanvi Azmi . The film is featured among the 2016 Indian Panorama section of the International Film Festival of India . The film received fourteen nominations at the 61st Filmfare Awards , and won nine awards including Best Film , Best Director for Bhansali , Best Actor for Singh , and Best Supporting Actress for Chopra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "870a3bf4d09a738be555b90cfbb1344e", "text": "Phir Wohi Dil Laya Hoon Phir Wohi Dil Laya Hoon ( English : I 've Come Back With the Same Heart ) is a 1963 Indian Bollywood film . The film became a box office success . This was Nasir Hussain 's second production ( his first in colour ) , after the hit film Jab Pyar Kisi Se Hota Hai ( 1961 ) . He also wrote and directed it . It starred Joy Mukherjee and the Nasir Hussain fixture Asha Parekh . Pran played the villain in the film and Rajindernath had a supporting role . It also contains many songs that Mohammed Rafi beautifully sung . This Nasir Hussain film had O.P. Nayyar as the music director , who had previously composed Hussain 's Tumsa Nahin Dekha ( 1957 ) . Majrooh Sultanpuri was the lyricist . The film included many superhit songs like the classic `` Dekho Bijli Dole Bin Badal Ki '' sung by Asha Bhosle and Usha Mangeshkar and `` Mujhe Pyar Mein '' sung by Asha Bhosle . It also included the rhythmic solo melodies `` Lakhon Hain Nigaah Mein '' and `` Banda Parwar '' both sung by Mohammed Rafi , which are popular even to this day .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "63bcca775b8c8549c8e626b4c269ebba", "text": "Teen Maar Teenmaar ( Celebration of Love ) is a 2011 Telugu language romantic drama film directed by Jayanth C. Paranjee . The film is a remake of the Hindi film Love Aaj Kal , with Pawan Kalyan , Trisha Krishnan and Kriti Kharbanda playing the lead roles . The film 's music is composed by Mani Sharma . The film portrays the feeling of pure love which never changes , although the perspective of realising one 's soulmate has changed over time . The film was released on 14 April 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69065edfa7fd659bc1ed1e5df0c21c12", "text": "Afzal Ahmed Khan Afzal Ahmed Khan is a film director and producer famous for movies like Ekka Raja Rani and TV series Daastan-e-Haatimtai .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c18b6c4ee7f8b140cee643159856510", "text": "Neeli Neeli ( -LSB- ) ( born Neelofar ( -LSB- ) , Multan , Punjab ) is a Pakistani film actress who acted in both Urdu and Punjabi language films . The director/producer Yunus Malik , a family friend , offered Neeli a role in a Punjabi film called Akhri Jang . Sangeeta signed her for a role in the Urdu film Kasam Munne Kee . After that film , Sajjad Gul signed her up in his films Choron Ki Barat and Haseena 420 . She starred in Madame Bavary in 1988 and had a double role in Kalay Chor . Later , she was paired with Javed Sheikh , and together they starred in Sher Ali ( 1992 ) , Khuda Gawah ( 1993 ) , Mushkil ( 1995 ) , Jeeva ( 1995 ) , and Chief Saab ( 1996 ) . Mushkil , dealing with the subject of child labour , was Sheikh 's debut as director . After the decline of the Pakistani film industry in the early 2000s , Neeli gradually left the business .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8cb78bc1d6b1db891e11bb2acec3776", "text": "Sohail Khan Sohail Khan ( born 20 December 1969 ) is an Indian film actor , director and producer who works predominantly in Hindi cinema . He is the younger brother of actors Salman Khan and Arbaaz Khan . He produces films under his banner Sohail Khan Productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36a008394a7dc7518fcf9249ee77a835", "text": "Aaghaat Aaghat is a 2010 Marathi film directed by veteran movie and stage actor Vikram Gokhale . Produced by Sprint Arts Creations Pvt. Ltd. and producers Mohan Damle , Sanjay Sathaye and Shriram Dandekar , the film is based on a story written by Dr Nitin Lavangare . The cast of the film includes actors Vikram Gokhale , Mukta Barve , Kadambari Kadam and Dr Amol Kolhe . The film was shot in Pune and was released in theatres on 24 December 2010 . The film deals with the bureaucratic structure in major private hospitals , the administration 's approach towards patients and their relatives and ego issues of reputed medical practitioners .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f872063ff51727c1d6647cca454e2977", "text": "Insaaf (1997 film) Insaaf , also known as Insaaf : The Final Justice , is a 1997 Indian Bollywood action film directed and written by Dayal Nihalani and starring Akshay Kumar , Shilpa Shetty and Paresh Rawal . It was released on 30 May 1997 and was a box office failure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93db1d079f643f52f5f61aa0b0663a61", "text": "Salaam-e-Ishq: A Tribute to Love Salaam-e-Ishq : A Tribute To Love is a 2007 Bollywood romantic drama anthology film . Directed by Nikhil Advani , it featured an ensemble cast of stars including Salman Khan , Priyanka Chopra , Anil Kapoor , Juhi Chawla , Akshaye Khanna , Ayesha Takia , John Abraham , Vidya Balan , Govinda , Shannon Esra , Sohail Khan and Isha Koppikar in lead roles . It is an unofficial remake of 2003 British film , Love Actually . The movie weaves six love stories together thanks to the relationships of the people within it . The film was Advani 's second directorial venture after Kal Ho Naa Ho . The shooting for the film begun in 2004 and was finished by 2006 . The movie released on 26 January 2007 . The film met with negative reviews from critics and recorded as disaster at the box-office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67a6f28cf7efedc38812bdfb7d424a6f", "text": "Aurat Ka Pyar Aurat Ka Pyar ( A Woman 's Love ) is a 1933 Hindi/Urdu film directed by A. R. Kardar . The film was produced by the East India Film Company , in Calcutta . Kardar had moved from Lahore to Calcutta where he directed several films for the company from 1933 -- 36 , including Aurat Ka Pyar . The music composer was Mushtaq Ahmed and lyrics were by Agha Hashar Kashmiri , who also scripted the film . It starred Gul Hamid , Mukhtar Begum , Mazhar Khan , Anwari Bai , Bacha , Abdul Sattar and Athar . The film was a commercial success at the box-office and proclaimed Kardar as a `` talented film-maker '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64347edd6e17c0c1a1bebdba03687883", "text": "Love Exchange (film) Love Exchange is an Indian 2015 Bollywood romantic comedy film directed by Raj V Shetty and produced by Nadia Ali Shirazi under the Winds of Change Entertainment banner . The film was released on 30 October 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b52575ea3a3854f0fad8a0d7a01bde90", "text": "Kahin Hai Mera Pyar Kahin Hai Mera Pyar is a Hindi romantic film , directed by Mahesh Vaijnath Doijode . The film stars Jackie Shroff , Sonia Mann , Sanjay Kapoor , Abhishek Sethiya in the lead roles . Lyrics and music by Ravindra Jain . Music of this film launched on 31 March 2014 . at Novotel Juhu , Mumbai . This released on 1 May 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce7856f13686388344b58b5bbe404103", "text": "Hero (1985 film) Hero is 1985 a Pakistani Urdu colour film starring Waheed Murad , Babra Sharif , Mumtaz , Aslam Pervaiz , Saqi , Adil Murad ( as child star & guest star ) and Nadeem ( as guest star ) . It was produced by Waheed himself and directed by his close friend Iqbal Yousuf . Waheed Murad died leaving this film incomplete . It was later completed by Iqbal Yousuf using ` cheat shot ' techniques and released after two years of Waheed 's death on 11 January 1985 countrywide . In those days , Waheed Murad was in trouble and was being cast in either supporting roles or being offered by ` B-class ' film directors . So he decided to produce his own film and chosen his best friend Iqbal Yousuf as film director . The script and story was written by Waheed himself . Waheed 's expectations were high for this film , as he once said in an interview in Anwar Maqsood 's programme ` Silver Jubilee ' :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672", "text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28e5217cee61a6465ad8a7dbddf6726e", "text": "Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin Dil Hai Ke Manta Nahin ( English : Being a heart ( it ) does n't understand ) is a 1991 Indian Hindi romantic drama film . It was produced by Gulshan Kumar , directed by Mahesh Bhatt and starred his daughter Pooja Bhatt in her first major lead female role . The lead male role was played by Aamir Khan . Deepak Tijori made a special appearance . Supporting roles were played by Anupam Kher , Sameer Chitre and Tiku Talsania . It is an unofficial remake of the 1934 Hollywood film It Happened One Night which was previously adapted in Hindi as Chori Chori . The movie revolves around a spoilt heiress who runs away from home to marry a gold-digging film star . En route she is helped by a smart-alecky journalist only to end up falling for him . The movie was box office success and earned a ` HIT ' verdict thus boosted Pooja Bhatt 's career as she was a newcomer at that point of time . The film was remade in Tamil as Kadhal Rojavae ( 2000 ) and inspired the Kannada movie Hudugaata ( 2007 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7a2c1c68491e751649a835389790cb9", "text": "Manzil Manzil Manzil Manzil is a 1984 Indian romantic drama film directed by Nasir Hussain and released in 1984 . The movie stars Kulbhushan Kharbanda , Dimple Kapadia , Sunny Deol , Prem Chopra , Danny Denzongpa , and Asha Parekh in a cameo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca7798567aae9a5ca2e6fd5012d9dc17", "text": "Aag Ka Gola Aag Ka Gola ( English translation - Fire Ball ) is 1989 Hindi language Movie directed by David Dhawan and starring Sunny Deol , Dimple Kapadia , Shakti Kapoor and Prem Chopra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df159dbd0bef491b9736c9095d44fa36", "text": "Aditya Pancholi Aditya Pancholi ( born Nirmal Pancholi , 12 September 1965 ) is an Indian film actor , producer and playback singer who appears in Bollywood films . He started his career as a lead actor but found more success with supporting and negative roles and received a Filmfare nomination for the Best Performance in a Negative Role for Yes Boss ( 1997 ) . Pancholi began his career with television movies produced by Nari Hira and ventured into mainstream Bollywood cinema with Sasti Dulhan Mehnga Dulha ( 1986 ) . Pancholi first came to limelight with an important role in Maha-Sangram ( 1990 ) . He had the peak of his career between the late 1980s and early 1990s . He initially gave critically acclaimed performances as a lead actor in films like Kab Tak Chup Rahungi ( 1988 ) , Qatil ( 1988 ) , Kahan Hai Kanoon ( 1989 ) , Sailaab ( 1990 ) , Laal Paree ( 1991 ) , Naamcheen ( 1991 ) , Yaad Rakhegi Duniya ( 1992 ) , Chor Aur Chaand ( 1993 ) and Surakshaa ( 1995 ) but failed to find commercial success . His biggest commercial success as a lead actor and his most well-known performance was in Mahesh Bhatt 's Saathi ( 1991 ) . After failing to make a mark as a lead actor , Pancholi became a supporting actor in multi-starrer movies like Ladaai ( 1988 ) , Jaadugar ( 1989 ) , Aatish : Feel the Fire ( 1994 ) and Aankhen ( 2002 ) and became synonymous for negative roles in movies like Awwal Number ( 1990 ) , Jung ( 1996 ) , Khilona ( 1996 ) , Yes Boss ( 1997 ) , Hameshaa ( 1997 ) , Jung ( 2000 ) and Musafir ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
537f0f9260da15096e96732770f9cbde
Jared Padalecki grew up in North Carolina.
[ { "docid": "d9ca58e0613e724683a0159e34941420", "text": "Jared Padalecki Jared Tristan Padalecki ( born July 19 , 1982 ) is an American actor . He is best known for his role as Sam Winchester on Supernatural . He grew up in Texas and rose to fame in the early 2000s after appearing on the television series Gilmore Girls as well as such films as New York Minute and House of Wax .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8bec00e9c5abf3a233473ef3c78108e6", "text": "Jimmy Goins James `` Jimmy '' Ernest Goins ( August 31 , 1948 -- June 7 , 2015 ) was an American Lumbee politician who served as the Chairman of the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina from 2004 to 2010 . As Lumbee Tribal Chairman , Goins led efforts to gain federal recognition for the Lumbee tribe during the 2000s . The 55,000-member Lumbee have achieved North Carolina state recognition , but have not yet received federal recognition . The Lumbee are the largest tribe living east of the Mississippi River who have not received federal recognition . Goins was born on August 31 , 1948 , to Ernest and Ola Lee Goins . He was raised in Prospect , North Carolina . In 1965 , Goins was a member of the Prospect High School basketball team which won the Indian Basketball Championship . Goins later served as an infantry squad leader during the Vietnam War . Jimmy Goins served as the Chairman of the Lumbee Tribe for six years from 2004 until 2010 . As Chairman , Goins led efforts to achieve federal recognition for the Lumbee during the 2000s . He testified before the United States Senate Committee on Indian Affairs in September 2007 in an effort to gain recognition . In 2010 , Goins signed a controversial lobbying contract with a Nevada-based gaming consultant . Goins ran for Chairman again in 2012 , but lost the election his successor , incumbent Lumbee Chairman Paul Brooks , on November 12 , 2012 . Brooks received 2,559 votes , or 52 % of the vote , while Goins placed second with 2,042 votes ( 42 % ) . A third candidate , Lynn Bruce Jacobs , received 298 votes ( 6 % ) . Jimmy Goins was killed in a car accident at 1:30 p.m. on June 7 , 2015 , at the age of 66 . Goins was driving on North Carolina Highway 71 , approximately 4.4 miles from the town of Maxton , North Carolina , when the accident occurred . A resident of Philadelphus , North Carolina , he was survived by his wife , Diane Goins , and three daughters , Rhonda , Jackie and Jamie . North Carolina Governor Pat McCrory and North Carolina First Lady Ann McCrory released a joint statement of condolence following Goins ' death . McCrory ordered that all state flags be lowered to half staff in Goins ' memory on June 11 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecc4d08451c8b38ab5674fa146aff556", "text": "Northern Nash High School Northern Nash High School is a high school located in Nash County , west of the Rocky Mount , North Carolina city limits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4bbc28da3bdb398e21430160de5c46b0", "text": "Lanesboro Correctional Institution Lanesboro Correctional Institution is a state men 's prison in Polkton , North Carolina , first opened in January , 2004 and operated by the North Carolina Department of Public Safety Adult Corrections . As one of the state 's four largest prisons , the official capacity is 1,800 prisoners . The facility houses medium - and close-security inmates . As of March 2012 Lanesboro was one of six state prisons put on lockdown to squelch gang fights and coordinated gang activity . As of May 2016 , state corrections officials announced that the Lanesboro facility would be merged with the adjacent Brown Creek Correctional Institution , which is to be converted from medium to minimum security . The move is meant to address staffing challenges and the `` checkered pasts '' of both facilities . Due to the merger with Brown Creek Correctional the minimum Camp formally known as Anson Correctional will be sitting empty . The new minimum camp will be used as a prototype for the states largest work release camp and also processing camp for CRV youth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07dee95cca8fc703a93e6513e5f66b3d", "text": "Anson Chi Anson Chi was born in New York City . He attended Plano Senior High School at Plano , Texas , and graduated in 1996 . Chi was arrested for theft in 1998 in San Angelo , Texas . In 2007 , Chi allegedly expressed support for tax protesters Edward and Elaine Brown . He posted a YouTube video stating that he would not file federal income tax returns or pay federal income tax . In 2008 , he was sentenced to three years probation in Orange County , California on a weapons charge . According to the Associated Press , his three-year probation was revoked in 2009 . Chi also faced a charge in Collin County , Texas , for allegedly failing to identify himself as a fugitive . Also in 2008 , he self-published a novel , Yellow on the Outside , Shame on the Inside : Asian Culture Revealed . In the book , he disclosed frustrations with his parents and allegedly threatened to kill himself . On June 22 , 2012 , the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) arrested Chi after a series of suspicious explosions near midnight on the night of June 17 -- 18 , 2012 , near a gas pipeline in a residential area of Plano , Texas . Chi allegedly told police he had been hit by a car , but the police concluded that he was trying to tamper with a natural gas system and that a homemade bomb detonated in his possession . On June 25 , 2012 , the Dallas Morning News reported that during the investigation , law enforcement personnel found an explosive device in Chi 's residence , and that a `` bomb squad hauled a device out of the house , encased it in a protective steel container , buried it in a hole in Kaufman County and blew it up ... '' In connection with the incident , Chi was indicted by a Federal grand jury on a charge of possession of a destructive device in violation of the National Firearms Act ; the indictment was filed on July 11 , 2012 in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas . On March 4 , 2013 , the Court ruled that Chi was competent to stand trial . Anson Chi has been identified as being part of the sovereign citizen movement . In a superseding indictment handed down on February 14 , 2013 , Chi was charged with possession of an unregistered firearm in the form of an explosive , malicious use of explosive materials , and using or carrying a destructive device during a crime of violence . On June 3 , 2013 , Chi pleaded guilty to a charge of attempting to destroy a natural gas pipeline used in interstate commerce , and to a charge of possessing an explosive device not registered with the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record . On December 12 , 2013 , Chi filed for Chapter 7 Bankruptcy Protection in the United States Bankruptcy Court , Eastern District of Texas from the Collin County Detention Facility without the help of an attorney . On February 26 , 2014 , the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas issued an order granting Chi 's motion to withdraw his guilty plea . On May 14 , 2014 , a Second Superseding Indictment was filed against Chi in the case . He was charged with one count of knowingly possessing a destructive device not registered to him in the National Firearms Registration and Transfer Record , in violation of , , , and ; one count of malicious use of an explosive , in violation of subsection ( i ) of ; one count of using or carrying a destructive device during a crime of violence , in violation of subsection ( c ) ( 1 ) ( B ) ( ii ) of ; and one count of making a false declaration before a court , in violation of . Eventually , Chi again pleaded guilty . On June 11 , 2015 , he was sentenced to twenty years in prison , based on a guilty plea to one count of possession of an unregistered firearm , and one count of malicious use of an explosive device . The sentence was ten years on the first count and twenty years on the latter count , but the two sentences were ordered to be served concurrently . Chi was also ordered to pay other amounts , including $ 28,127.77 in restitution to Atmos Energy in connection with the damage to the pipe line . Anson Chi is now incarcerated at the United States Penitentiary at Atlanta , Georgia , and is projected to be released on November 27 , 2029 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d5aca56667327e35d96a3093bc73843", "text": "North Carolina Department of Public Instruction The North Carolina Department of Public Instruction ( NCDPI ) oversees the public school system in the U.S. state of North Carolina . The DPI is headed by the State Superintendent and the North Carolina State Board of Education . It is headquartered in Raleigh .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6424b54995d0d00a062bf22e2747ac31", "text": "NC Live , NC LIVE is a cooperative library service for the students , faculty , business people , and residents of North Carolina . The website allows access to digital content such as ebooks , ejournals , streaming video , and downloadable audiobooks offered from a variety of vendors . The main partners in NC LIVE are the University of North Carolina Libraries , the North Carolina Community College Libraries the State Library of North Carolina & Public Libraries , North Carolina Independent Colleges & Universities ' Libraries . The website and its content are accessible to approximately 200 locations through IP recognition , remote local authentication , and a statewide passwording system . NC LIVE provides : Access to an essential and powerful array of online resources to all North Carolinians Complete articles from over 16,000 newspapers , journals , magazines , and encyclopedias , indexing for over 25,000 periodical titles , and access to over 25,000 online print books Access free of charge to library patrons , students , and educators from four communities of interest ( COIs ) -- public libraries , community colleges , the state 's university system , and members of the North Carolina Association of Independent Colleges and Universities Access from within an affiliated library or from home", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd3a4849848cbb5d1f7b37467e05b8f1", "text": "List of North Carolina state symbols The state of North Carolina has 42 official state emblems , as well as other designated places and events . The majority are determined by acts of the North Carolina General Assembly and record in Chapters 144 , 145 , and 149 of the North Carolina General Statutes . The state 's nicknames -- `` The Old North State '' and `` The Tar Heel State '' -- are both traditional , but have never been passed into law by the General Assembly . The first symbol was the Seal of North Carolina , which was made official in 1871 . The original seal also contained the future state motto . It served as the state 's only emblem for 14 years until the adoption of the state flag in 1885 . Enacted by law in 2013 , the newest symbols of North Carolina are the state art medium , clay ; the state fossil , the Megalodon teeth ; the state frog , the Pine Barrens tree frog ; the state marsupial , the Virginia opossum ; and the state salamander , the Marbled salamander .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30f2ca15ef304279ce59b358d06edc56", "text": "Pilot (Friday Night Lights) `` Pilot '' is the first episode of the sports drama television series Friday Night Lights . The episode premiered on the NBC network on October 3 , 2006 . It introduces the men and women involved with the Dillon Panthers , a Texas high school football team . In the pilot episode , the team is preparing for the first game of the season , which will be the first game under new head coach Eric Taylor . The show is based on the 2004 film Friday Night Lights , which was in turn based on the 1990 non-fiction book Friday Night Lights : A Town , a Team , and a Dream by H. G. Bissinger . Peter Berg , who is Bissinger 's cousin and who directed the film , wrote and directed the pilot episode , and served as executive producer for the series . While some of the actors from the movie returned to act on the show , most of the actors were cast specifically for the television series . Critical reception of the show was good to average , with a general appreciation for the realistic portrayal of Middle America . Generally speaking , however , there were serious doubts about whether the show would be able to stay on the air very long , though it has since gone on to complete five seasons . The episode 's viewership of just over seven million was characterized as disappointing , though it did relatively well among men aged 18 to 34 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c56c4f87dfe48f41e983e200b1ff31fb", "text": "North Carolina's 3rd congressional district North Carolina 's 3rd congressional district is located on the Atlantic coast of North Carolina . It covers the Outer Banks and the counties adjacent to the Pamlico Sound . The district is represented by Walter B. Jones , a Republican . He has been its representative since 1995 . In 2008 , he defeated Democrat Craig Weber for reelection , and was challenged in 2010 by former Chair of the Pitt County Democratic Party Johnny Rouse , whom he defeated by a vote of 72 % to 26 % ( 141,978 votes to 50,600 ) . In 2012 , he was challenged by Frank Palombo , the former New Bern Police Chief , for the Republican Party nomination . The winner of the Republican primary then faced Marine Corps Veteran Erik Anderson in the general election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ff161c3b4dc9d756fec273af1ff4749", "text": "Lilium michauxii Lilium michauxii , commonly known as the Carolina lily , can be found in the Southeastern United States from southern Virginia in the north to the Florida Panhandle in the south to eastern Texas in the west . It is most common in July and August but can be found blooming as late as October . It was named for the French botanist André Michaux , who traveled and did extensive research throughout the Southeast . The common name `` Carolina lily '' reflects an older taxonomy that used the name Lilium carolinianum for both L. michauxii and L. catesbaei . Another common name , Turk 's cap lily , has been listed for L. michauxii , although L. superbum ( which is very similar in appearance to L. michauxii ) shares this common name . The Carolina lily can grow to 3 1/2 feet tall with flowers 3 -- 4 inches across . It is the only fragrant lily east of the Rocky Mountains . Its petals bend backward and are spotted . Colors range from yellow through orange to red for background petal color and from red through purple to brown for the spots . ( Note photo below ) The Carolina lily is the official state wildflower of North Carolina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed13a901f63bc19769e4141a20451415", "text": "Carolina blue Carolina blue ( occasionally referred to as Tar Heel blue ) is the shade of blue used as one of the official school colors of the University of North Carolina . The name is derived from the popular usage of `` Carolina '' to refer to the university . For clarity in branding and marketing , UNC Creative has defined the color as Pantone 542 and declared that the closest RGB representation is # 7BAFD4 , the CMYK is Cyan 60 % , Magenta 19 % , Yellow : 1 % , and Black : 4 % . Use of the light blue color at UNC dates from 1795 when the Dialectic ( blue ) and Philanthropic ( white ) Societies of the university chose representative colors . Society members would wear a blue or white ribbon at university functions , and blue or white ribbons were attached to the diplomas of graduates . Light blue and white have been UNC 's sporting colors since the 1880s , when UNC 's football team adopted the light blue and white of the Di-Phi Societies as their colors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bfbd9d8af8239f82ada5f6654ed704a", "text": "North Florida North Florida is a region of the U.S. state of Florida , comprising the northern parts of the state . It is one of Florida 's three most common `` directional '' regions , along with South Florida and Central Florida . It includes Jacksonville and nearby localities in Northeast Florida , an interior region known as North Central Florida , and the Florida Panhandle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1cc00f48fe2976fc0f172be922ff3981", "text": "Forest Hills, North Carolina Forest Hills is a village in Jackson County , North Carolina , United States . The population was 365 at the 2010 census . Formerly a neighborhood within nearby unincorporated Cullowhee , it became incorporated in 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "265e522b29c492fb85a0a5379f0100ba", "text": "Piedmont Crescent The Piedmont Crescent , also known as the Piedmont Urban Crescent , is a large , polycentric urbanized region in the U.S. state of North Carolina that forms the northern section of the rapidly developing Piedmont Atlantic megalopolis ( or `` megaregion '' ) , a conurbation also known as the `` I-85 Boombelt '' , which extends from the Raleigh area ) to Atlanta , Georgia in the southeastern United States . Residents commonly attribute development of the Crescent communities to the Indian Trading Path and related settlements established by indigenous peoples long before European contact . The Trading Path was also used by European traders , and later by settlers entering the backcountry regions of the piedmont of North Carolina , South Carolina and Georgia . Forming the shape of a crescent in North Carolina , the region is located in the central Piedmont area of the state . European-American settlement progressed generally from the east to the west , from what is now metropolitan Raleigh-Durham and the Research Triangle area at its eastern edge , through the Piedmont Triad cities of Greensboro and Winston-Salem at its center , and southwest to metropolitan Charlotte . This region has undergone sustained population and economic growth ( acutely in the Charlotte and Raleigh areas ) since the late 19th century , a trend that has accelerated since the late 20th century . It is notable as the fourth-largest manufacturing region in the country , as well as an international center of banking and finance , textiles , biotech and high technology . The region includes seven of North Carolina 's eight largest cities and encompasses many smaller cities , towns and suburban areas , as well as the metropolitan centers of the Research Triangle , Piedmont Triad , and Charlotte Metropolitan Area . It is home to almost two-thirds of North Carolina 's population . Ten major universities -- Duke , NC State , UNC Chapel Hill , UNC Charlotte , NC Central , Wake Forest , UNC-Greensboro , NC A&T State University , Elon University and High Point University -- and three international airports ( CLT , RDU and GSO ) , as well as the world-renowned Research Triangle Park , also are located in the region . Its three Combined Statistical Areas have a total population of about 6 million people ( Raleigh-Durham , 1.98 million ; Greensboro , High Point , Winston-Salem , 1.66 million ; and Charlotte , 2.62 million ) , together representing over 63 % of the state 's total population . The Piedmont Crescent name is thought to have been coined when the North Carolina Railroad company first laid tracks through the area in 1855-56 . The railway , which was named the `` Piedmont Crescent Railroad '' , brought extensive growth to the communities along its route . These evolved to comprise today 's interlinked urbanized region . Although the freight and passenger rail corridor remains of critical importance , the region 's Interstate 85 and Interstate 40 freeway system serves as its primary transportation link today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d460326093612c83930986d451f15b8c", "text": "Buccaneers–Panthers rivalry The Buccaneers -- Panthers rivalry is between the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Carolina Panthers . The two teams met for the first time in 1995 when the Panthers were an expansion team . In 2002 , due to league-wide reorganization , the teams were moved into the newly formed NFC South division , and have played each other twice a year since then -- once each at the Bucs ' Raymond James Stadium in Tampa and the Panthers ' Bank of America Stadium in Charlotte . The matchup immediately became popular , and by many accounts intensified into a heated rivalry starting in 2003 . The two teams have yet to meet during the playoffs , and can not play each other during the preseason under current NFL rules . The annual games have been described by observers as `` physical '' and numerous players have suffered season-ending injuries . Among the most serious was Chris Simms , who suffered a ruptured spleen in 2006 and Kavika Pittman who suffered a career-ending knee injury . Return specialist Clifton Smith suffered concussions in both games in 2009 , the first from a high hit by Dante Wesley , who was subsequently ejected and suspended for one game . In addition to hard-hitting play , considerable off-the-field squabbles and verbal skirmishes have provided bulletin board material , including a brouhaha between Brentson Buckner and Warren Sapp as well as the arrest of two Panthers cheerleaders in a Tampa-area bar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b38d24c0cd2c5ad2204e48955a94e9a", "text": "Jared Jared , / ˈdʒæɹəd / , is a proper name of Biblical derivation that is a common first name , mostly in North American English-speaking countries . In the Book of Genesis , the biblical patriarch Jared was the sixth link in the ten pre-flood generations between Adam and Noah ; he was the son of Mahalaleel and the father of Enoch , and lived 962 years ( per Genesis 5:18 ) . The biblical text in Jubilees implicitly etymologizes the name as derived from the root YRD `` descend '' , because in his days `` the angels of the Lord descended to earth '' . Alternative suggestions for the name 's etymology include words for `` rose '' and for `` servant '' . Yared ( 505 -- 571 ) was an Ethiopian bishop who introduced the concept of sacred music to Ethiopian Orthodox services . He is regarded as a saint of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church with a feast day of 11 Genbot ( May 19 ) . Jared was ( rarely ) used as a given name in 18th-century Anglo-Saxon Protestantism , and was revived as a popularly given name in the United States in the 1960s , due to the character of Jarrod Barkley on the television series The Big Valley , peaking at rank 51 in popularity in 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7db2597f082bcee2b59b221da448d2da", "text": "William States Lee III William States Lee III , popularly known as Bill Lee , was born in Charlotte , North Carolina in 1929 . He attended Woodberry Forest School and was a Magna Cum Laude and Phi Beta Kappa graduate of Princeton University in Civil Engineering . After serving in the United States Navy 's SeaBees , Lee joined Duke Power 's engineering department in 1955 as a junior engineer . He was promoted to engineering vice president in 1965 , engineering and construction senior vice president in 1971 , and executive vice president in 1976 . He became president and chief operating officer of Duke Power Company in 1978 and chairman and Chief Executive Officer in 1982 . Lee helped to form the Institute of Nuclear Power Operations after the Three Mile Island accident . He was also an initiator of the World Association of Nuclear Operators , in the wake of the Chernobyl disaster , becoming its first president . In 1989 , he was named `` CEO of the decade '' by Financial World magazine . Lee retired from Duke Power in 1994 . He died of cardiac arrest in New York City July 10 , 1996 . A popular man and supporter of education , the College of Engineering at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte was named in his honor in 1994 , as was the `` Bill Lee Freeway '' , a stretch of Interstate Highway 77 north from Charlotte , and Duke Energy 's William States Lee III Nuclear Generating Station in South Carolina . Lee was awarded the North Carolina Award for Public Service in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fd07d453166708d047d3557784cceb2", "text": "Sean Haugh Sean Newton Haugh ( born November 17 , 1960 ) is an American politician and pizza delivery man who has run for Senate in North Carolina under the Libertarian Party nomination in 2002 , 2014 and 2016 . He currently resides in Durham .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30ec22f1d6ba40ec280a2e7bd251ec2a", "text": "Robert Brawley Clyde Robert Brawley ( born April 10 , 1944 ) is a former Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly . He represented the state 's 43rd House district , including constituents in Catawba and Iredell counties ( later the 101st district and now the 95th district ) from 1981 until he retired in 1998 . While in office , Brawley was elected the President of the National Republican Legislators Association and was named National Legislator of the Year in 1995 . Brawley ran for North Carolina Commissioner of Insurance in 2004 , losing to James E. Long . In 2012 , Brawley was again elected to the House from the Iredell County-based 95th district . He won the May 8 Republican primary , which was tantamount to election , since no Democrat filed for the seat . Meanwhile , Brawley was also in 2012 named to lead the North Carolina chapter of the Faith and Freedom Coalition . In April 2013 , Brawley filed House Bill 640 that would allow lobbyists to give unreported gifts to state lawmakers in North Carolina . In May 2013 , Brawley resigned as chairman of the House Finance Committee in a dispute with House Speaker Thom Tillis . Brawley lost his bid for another term in the May 2014 Republican primary , with some of his colleagues in the House campaigning against him . Afterwards , the House Republican Caucus passed a vote of `` no confidence '' in Brawley , effectively barring him from caucus meetings . Brawley suggested that the censure was in retaliation for his criticism of Tillis . On December 9 , 2015 , Brawley announced his candidacy for the office of Governor of North Carolina , challenging incumbent Pat McCrory . He lost the Republican primary to McCrory on March 13 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a5215b87a3f05e3123846c84d0409ef", "text": "Trading Path The Trading Path ( a.k.a. Occaneechi Path , The Path to the Catawba , the Catawba Road , Indian Trading Path , Unicoi Turnpike , Warriors ' Path , etc. ) is not simply one wide path , as many named historic roads were or are . It was a corridor of roads and trails between the Chesapeake Bay region ( mainly the Petersburg , Virginia area ) and the Cherokee , Catawba , and other Native-American groups in the Piedmont region of North Carolina , South Carolina , and Georgia . Indians had used and maintained much of the path for their expansive trading network for centuries prior to its use by Europeans and/or European-Americans . Indian and later European/European-American settlements occupied key points along the path . That section of the Trading Path through the Carolina piedmont was also known as the Upper Road , and a portion between North Carolina and Georgia was called the Lower Cherokee Traders Path . Both Natives and newcomers mainly used the Trading Path for commercial cargo carriage . In early colonial times , Virginian traders used the path to travel to Native American towns in the Waxhaws . They led long pack caravans of horses carrying `` loads of guns , gunpowder , knives , jewelry , blankets , and hatchets , among other goods '' , and travel southwest to Indian villages along the journey to the Waxhaws region , in the vicinity of present-day Mecklenburg County . They exchanged European goods for furs and deerskins . Because the path was well laid out through the complex geography of the piedmont area , connecting fords of many streams , it was roughly followed by the 19th-century railroad . Later , engineers who designed Interstate 85 followed much of this route again from Petersburg , Virginia , to roughly the Georgia state border . Many of the earliest towns along its route remain to this day . Many remnants of the Trading Path are still visible . The Piedmont Urban Crescent essentially has developed along the Trading Path , and since the late 19th century has had steady growth . It is a spine of polycentric urban development in North Carolina . Cities of the Crescent are the centers of government , finance , education and research , and business in the state .", "title": "" } ]
fever
60a78d47d23f81444bac5e4832ac7492
Hawaii is the eleventh-least populous state in the United States.
[ { "docid": "72be4c566564fce3941a36409c24f0b5", "text": "Hawaii Hawaii ( -LSB- langpronaudio = en-us-Hawaii . ogghəˈwaɪ.i , _ - ji , _ - ʔi -RSB- ; Hawai -LSB- - hawhəˈvɐjʔi -RSB- ) is the 50th and most recent state to have joined the United States of America , having received statehood on August 21 , 1959 . Hawaii is the only U.S. state located in Oceania and the only one composed entirely of islands . It is the northernmost island group in Polynesia , occupying most of an archipelago in the central Pacific Ocean . Hawaii is the only U.S. state not located in the Americas . The state encompasses nearly the entire volcanic Hawaiian archipelago , which comprises hundreds of islands spread over 1500 mi . At the southeastern end of the archipelago , the eight main islands are -- in order from northwest to southeast : Niihau , Kauai , Oahu , Molokai , Lānai , Kahoolawe , Maui , and the Island of Hawaii . The last is the largest island in the group ; it is often called the `` Big Island '' or `` Hawaii Island '' to avoid confusion with the state or archipelago . The archipelago is physiographically and ethnologically part of the Polynesian subregion of Oceania . Hawaii 's diverse natural scenery , warm tropical climate , abundance of public beaches , oceanic surroundings , and active volcanoes make it a popular destination for tourists , surfers , biologists , and volcanologists . Because of its central location in the Pacific and 19th-century labor migration , Hawaii 's culture is strongly influenced by North American and Asian cultures , in addition to its indigenous Hawaiian culture . Hawaii has over a million permanent residents , along with many visitors and U.S. military personnel . Its capital is Honolulu on the island of Oahu . Hawaii is the 8th-smallest and the 11th-least populous , but the 13th-most densely populated of the fifty U.S. states . It is the only state with an Asian plurality . The state 's coastline is about 750 mi long , the fourth longest in the U.S. after the coastlines of Alaska , Florida , and California .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7c11964b0896eb44f58898edd023a582", "text": "List of airports in Hawaii This is a list of airports in Hawaii ( a U.S. state ) , grouped by type and sorted by location . It contains all public-use and military airports in the state . Some private-use and former airports may be included where notable , such as airports that were previously public-use , those with commercial enplanements recorded by the FAA or airports assigned an IATA airport code .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00e5118082d5be94151337628e150a7a", "text": "ʻUalapuʻe, Hawaii ʻUalapuʻe is an unincorporated community and census-designated place on the island of Molokai in Maui County , Hawaii , United States . Its population was 425 as of the 2010 census . The community is located along Hawaii Route 450 on the southeast coast of the island of Molokai .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7869d06d8f02fef49c1adc6f7d59499d", "text": "Hāʻena, Hawaii Hāʻena may refer to the following places in the U.S. state of Hawaii : Hāʻena , Hawaii County , Hawaii , an unincorporated community Hāʻena , Kauai County , Hawaii , an unincorporated community and census-designated place Haʻena State Park", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fee0ced6cb7c35189cffa4a2f215cb3", "text": "Village (United States) In the United States , the meaning of `` village '' varies by geographic area and legal jurisdiction . In many areas , `` village '' is a term , sometimes informal , for a type of administrative division at the local government level . Since the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibits the federal government from legislating on local government , the states are free to have political subdivisions called `` villages '' or not to and to define the word in many ways . Typically , a village is a type of municipality , although it can also be a special district or an unincorporated area . It may or may not be recognized for governmental purposes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6c5fef6e758c0dbef772ddcdfe46d72", "text": "Lyla Berg Lyla Berg ( born March 15 , 1951 ) is a Hawaiian Democratic politician . She was first elected to the Hawaii House of Representatives in 2004 representing the Kāhala area of Honolulu on Oahu . Berg was a Democratic candidate for Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii in the 2010 election . She was attacked for having sponsored a resolution to designate an Islam Day in 2009 ; critics claimed that according to the Julian Calendar , the holiday celebrated the September 11 attacks . She lost in the primary to Brian Schatz .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dbe1940bd15dd958dfd5d1b4ad042db5", "text": "Kaneohe, Hawaii Kāneohe is a census-designated place ( CDP ) included in the City and County of Honolulu and located in Hawaii state District of Koolaupoko on the island of Oahu . In the Hawaiian language , kāne ohe means `` bamboo man '' . According to an ancient Hawaiian story a local woman compared her husband 's cruelty to the sharp edge of cutting bamboo ; thus the place was named Kāneohe or `` Bamboo man '' . The population was 34,597 at the 2010 census . Kāneohe is the largest of several communities along Kāneohe Bay and one of the two largest residential communities on the windward side of Oahu ( the other is Kailua ) . The commercial center of the town is spread mostly along Kamehameha Highway . From ancient times , Kāneohe was important as an agricultural area , owing to an abundance of rainfall . Today , Kāneohe is mostly a residential community , with very little agriculture in evidence . The only commercial crop of any consequence in the area is banana . Features of note are Hoomaluhia Botanical Garden and the new Hawaii National Veterans Cemetery . Access to Kāneohe Bay is mainly from the public pier and boat ramp located at nearby Heeia Kea . Access to Coconut Island ( restricted ) is from the state pier off Lilipuna Road . Marine Corps Base Hawaii lies across the south end of Kāneohe Bay from the central part of Kāneohe , although the town stretches along Kāneohe Bay Drive to the base perimeter . The ZIP code for Kaneohe is 96744 . There are three golf courses in Kāneohe : Pali Golf Course ( public ) , Koolau Golf Club ( privately owned but open to the public ) , and Bayview Golf Park ( privately owned but open to the public ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "349f05040545c14f1c6f08bd7fe04c1d", "text": "Hawaii House Bill 444 House Bill 444 ( abbreviated H.B. 444 ) was a 2009 bill of the Hawaii State Legislature , passed in April 2010 and vetoed by Governor of Hawaii Linda Lingle , that would have legalized civil unions for couples in the state of Hawaii . Its legislative process was accompanied by controversy over the bill 's content and effects and rallies were held by supporters and opponents . The bill passed the Hawaii House of Representatives in February 2009 in a form specific to same-sex couples , was passed in amended form including opposite-sex couples by the Hawaii Senate in May 2009 , and was carried over in the 2010 session , where it passed the Senate again in January 2010 with a veto-proof majority . The bill moved back to the House but was indefinitely postponed by a voice vote initiated by House Speaker Calvin Say , requiring a vote of two-thirds of Representatives to be taken up again in 2010 , and was considered dead . In April 2010 , on the last day of the legislative session , the House suspended the rules on the Senate bill and passed it with a majority , sending the bill to Governor Linda Lingle , who vetoed it in July 2010 . Hawaii did not allow same-sex marriages or civil unions , but two unmarried people can register for a reciprocal beneficiary relationship , which provides some of the rights and benefits that come with marriage . The bill was written to become law on January 1 , 2010 , would allow all couples to obtain rights equal to those of married couples , and make Hawaii the only state in the Western United States to allow civil unions instead of domestic partnerships .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "562e085f366a627daa8e2991282b755e", "text": "1852 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii The Constitution of 1852 served as the Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii from 1852 through 1864 . It was passed during the reign of King Kamehameha III . It heavily liberalized the structure of the Hawaiian government compared to the previous 1840 constitution , introducing new elements of democracy into the government and reducing the influence of the monarch in kingdom affairs . The 1852 Constitution of the Kingdom of Hawaii was divided into seven parts . The seven parts were : 1 . Declaration of Rights 2 . Form of Government 3 . Of the Executive Power a. Section I : The King , His Prerogatives b. Section II : Of the Kuhina Nui c. Section III : Of the Privy Council d. Section IV : Of the King 's Ministers e. Section V : Of the Governors 4 . Of the Legislative Power a. Of the House of Nobles b. Of the House of Representatives 5 . Of the Judiciary 6 . General Provisions 7 . More Amending of the Constitution The Declaration of Rights stated that the Hawaiians were a free people . The Form of Government stated that Hawaii was a Constitutional Monarchy . The section `` Of the Executive Power '' declared the powers of the executive power . The section `` Of the Legislative Power '' declared the powers of the legislative power . The section `` Of the Judiciary '' declared the powers of the judiciary . The General Provisions stated anything unmentioned earlier besides the amending power . The final section allowed for amending of the constitution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20396f133f30893dc3be171902825115", "text": "Demographics of Alaska As of 2005 , Alaska has an estimated population of 663,661 , which is an increase of 5,906 , or 0.9 % , from the prior year and an increase of 36,730 , or 5.9 % , since the year 2000 . This includes a natural increase since the last census of 36,590 people ( 53,132 births minus 16,542 deaths ) , and an increase due to net migration of 1,181 people into the state . Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 5,800 people , and migration within the country produced a net loss of 4,619 people . More than half of the state 's population lives in Anchorage , Juneau and Fairbanks , with two-fifths in Anchorage alone . As of 1 January 2012 Alaska had a population of 731,449 , and its 2017 population is estimated at 739,818 . With a population of 710,231 , according to the 2010 U.S. census , Alaska is the 48th most populous and least densely populated state . For purposes of the federal census , the state is divided into artificial divisions defined geographically by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only . The center of population of Alaska is located approximately 64.37 km east of Anchorage at 61.399882 N. latitude , -148.873973 W. longitude . In 2006 , Alaska had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average , with 24 % of Alaskan adults smoking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e983e3b69889120a5b5bb2a829f2121", "text": "List of urbanized areas in Florida (by population) The United States Census Bureau defines an Urbanized Area to be `` one or more places ( ` central place ' ) and the adjacent densely settled surrounding territory ( ` urban fringe ' ) that together have a minimum of 50,000 persons . '' There are a number of rules specifying what is included in the urban fringe , but it `` generally consists of contiguous territory having a density of at least 1,000 persons per square mile '' . Urbanized Areas often form the cores of Metropolitan Statistical Areas , and as they comprise census tracts rather than local political subdivisions ( counties , in Florida ) , they are generally smaller than the corresponding Metropolitan Statistical Area . A Metropolitan Statistical Area may have more than one Urbanized Area within its boundaries , and an Urbanized Area may extend into more than one Metropolitan Statistical Area . As of 2010 , the US Census Bureau has defined thirty Urbanized Areas in Florida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25be2e048c90fc810ab62d9bd6640c9b", "text": "Hawaii's congressional districts The U.S. state of Hawaii is divided into two congressional districts for representation in the United States House of Representatives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40f52b74cf03bca714318319bdd55e51", "text": "Makakilo, Hawaii Makakilo or Makakilo City is a census-designated place and residential area located in the Ewa District on the island of Oahu in the City & County of Honolulu , United States . In Hawaiian , maka kilo means `` observing eyes '' . As of the 2010 Census , the CDP had a population of 18,248 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65515d04be9387e9b87b6b3a139a06f2", "text": "Hawaii Public Utilities Commission The Hawaii Public Utilities Commission is a public utilities commission , a quasi-judicial tribunal , which regulates public service companies operating in the U.S. state of Hawaii .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbe338b933cefdfefc78d1449dc155e2", "text": "Lincoln Loy McCandless Lincoln `` Link '' Loy McCandless ( September 18 , 1859 -- October 5 , 1940 ) was a United States cattle rancher , industrialist and politician for the Territory of Hawaii . McCandless served in the United States Congress as a territorial delegate . A former member of the Hawaii Republican Party , McCandless was one of the earliest leaders of the Hawaii Democratic Party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "daf6213a85cd869a3e39879792b76a94", "text": "Waiohinu, Hawaii Waiohinu ( Hawaiian translation : `` Shiny Water '' ) is an unincorporated community in the district of Ka'u on the Big Island -- Hawaii '' ' , of the Hawaiian Islands . Waiohinu is the name of the community as well as the ahupua'a , Native Hawaiian subdivision .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02cee8502297f375de8db2ea13366ac6", "text": "United States presidential election in Hawaii, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Hawaii took place on November 4 , 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Voters chose 4 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Hawaii , the state where Barack Obama was born , gave him 71.9 % of the vote with a 45.3 % margin of victory in 2008 . Prior to the election , all 17 news organizations considered this a state Obama would win , or otherwise considered as a safe blue state . Hawaii has voted Democratic in every presidential election since 1988 . Obama 's margin of victory in this state is only surpassed by that of the District of Columbia and is the only actual state that gave either candidate more than 70 % of the vote . Turnout here was much higher than previous elections .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92b87d87fdd9b3b908fb5e43325a6e63", "text": "Ancient Hawaiian aquaculture The Hawaiian people practiced aquaculture through development of fish ponds ( Hawaiian : loko ia ) , the most advanced fish husbandry among the original peoples of the Pacific . These fishponds were typically shallow areas of a reef flat surrounded by a low lava rock wall ( loko kuapa ) built out from the shore . Several species of edible fish ( such as mullet ) thrive in such ponds , and Hawaiians developed methods to make them easy to catch . The Hawaiian fishpond was primarily a grazing area in which the fishpond keeper cultivated algae ; much in the way a cattle rancher cultivates grass for his cattle . The porous lava walls let in seawater ( or sometimes fresh or brackish water , as in the case of the `` Menehune '' fishpond near Līhue , Kauai ) , but prevent the fish from escaping . Fishponds were located next to the mouth of a stream , so by opening a sluice gate the pondkeeper provided the fish with water rich in nutrients that had passed through inland , terraced pondfields and returned to the stream . Several fishponds have been restored in recent years . Although fishponds were developed on most islands , the largest number were found in Keehi Lagoon , Pearl Harbor , and Kāneohe Bay on Oahu , and along nearly the entire south shore of Molokai . Few remain today , although Molokai offers the best opportunities to view a Hawaiian loko . Three different styles of fish ponds are being reconstructed at the Kaloko-Honokōhau National Historical Park on the Big Island of Hawaii . The non-profit Aoao O Na Loko Ia O Maui is restoring Kalepolepo Fishpond also known as Koiei.e . in Kīhei using a mixture of volunteers and skilled stonemasons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a4ca60a13c9e394c4d465a415b4a9b5", "text": "Rulers of the Hawaiian Islands The rulers of the Hawaiian islands ( noho aliʻi o ko Hawaiʻi Pae ʻAina ) are a line of native Hawaiians who were independent rulers of various subdivisions of the land and islands of Hawaii . Their genealogy is traced to Hānalaʻanui and others . The caste system of ancient Hawaiian society was established around 1200 AD and separated the people into 4 distinct ranks that were all below the supreme ruler ( ali`i nui ) of the island . The ali`i nui would distribute the land to the lower ranking chiefs who would run the land and collect offerings and taxes . The ali`i nui would also ultimately be responsible for the sacred kapu , a system of rules designed to control social order . The noho ali`i were known for their brightly colored and intricately constructed battle regalia of feathered capes and helmets called a mahiole ( helmet ) and ʻahu ʻula ( cloak or cape ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b518a230a5e09029ecbb327878fd288e", "text": "Kilauea, Hawaii Kilauea is a small town on the northeastern shore of Kauai , one of the eight islands that make up the state of Hawaii . According to the Hawaii State Info website , 2,248 people reside in Kilauea , which is 1.5 square miles . The town is a census-designated place ( CDP ) in Kauai County , Hawaii , United States . Kīlauea shares the name of the active volcano , Mt. Kilauea . The name literally translates to `` spewing '' or ' `` much spreading '' in Hawaiian . Kilauea was once nicknamed the `` Guava Capital of the World '' because it was home to the Guava Kai Plantation , the largest guava plantation in the world . The Guava Kai Plantation closed in late 2006/early 2007 . The town of Kilauea is located west of the Moloaa area which includes Moloaa Forest Reserve and 6.5 miles from Moloaa Bay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bc2bb942c73ad08d7530bbd19820528", "text": "Iroquois Point, Hawaii Iroquois Point is a census-designated place ( CDP ) in Honolulu County , Hawaii , United States , on the island of Oahu near Pearl Harbor . The population was 3,374 at the 2010 census . `` Iroquois Point '' refers to the geographic land area that is occupied by the Kapilina Beach Homes ( known as `` Waterfront at Pu'uloa '' until 2015 and `` Iroquois Point Island Club '' prior to 2008 ) , a firing range , a Navy Exchange shoppette and gas station , and Iroquois Point Elementary School . Once primarily used as a military housing community , it is now privately operated .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c97a507eea659421d72d476ec2215779
Welcome Back (film) features only American actors.
[ { "docid": "a3bb9525dc334b0676eb2186770bc706", "text": "Welcome Back (film) Welcome Back is an Indian action comedy film directed by Anees Bazmee and produced by Firoz Nadiadwala , released in 2015 . It is a sequel to Welcome and features an ensemble cast that includes Anil Kapoor , Nana Patekar , John Abraham , Shruti Haasan , Paresh Rawal , Dimple Kapadia and Naseeruddin Shah . While Kapoor , Patekar and Rawal have reprised their roles from the 2007 film , Abraham and Hassan are new additions to the lead cast . Made on a budget of US$ 16 million , the film was largely shot in and around Dubai , United Arab Emirates . Welcome Back was released worldwide on 4 September 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70a91c470b9c9c4ea407a9c428b92b0a", "text": "Anil Kapoor Anil Kapoor ( born 24 December 1956 ) is an Indian actor and producer who has appeared in many Bollywood films , as well as international films and television series . His career has spanned almost 40 years as an actor , and as a producer since 2005 . He has won many awards in his career , including two National Film Awards and six Filmfare Awards in different acting categories . Kapoor made his Hindi film cameo appearance with Umesh Mehra 's Hamare Tumhare ( 1979 ) in a small role . He made his first debut film and then starred as a lead actor in the 1980 Telugu film , Vamsa Vruksham directed by Bapu . He then made his Kannada film debut with Mani Ratnam 's Pallavi Anu Pallavi ( 1983 ) . He received his first Filmfare Award , in the Best Supporting Actor category , for his role in Yash Chopra 's Mashaal ( 1984 ) . Kapoor earned his first Filmfare Best Actor Award for his performance in N. Chandra 's Tezaab ( 1988 ) and later again for his performance in Indra Kumar 's Beta ( 1992 ) . He has also starred in many other critically and commercially successful films : Meri Jung ( 1985 ) ; Karma ( 1986 ) ; Mr. India ( 1987 ) ; Virasat ( 1997 ) , for which he won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor ; Taal ( 1999 ) , for which he won his second Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award ; Pukar ( 2000 ) , for which he won a National Film Award for Best Actor ; No Entry ( 2005 ) ; Dil Dhadakne Do ( 2015 ) for which he won his third Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award . Kapoor 's first role in an international film was in Danny Boyle 's Academy Award-winning film Slumdog Millionaire , for which he shared the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . His performance in the eighth season of the action series 24 generated rave reviews from the American press . Globally , Kapoor is one of the most recognised Indian actors .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ba9d3be7713f5a6c5acd0916746a9446", "text": "Ajay Naidu Ajay Kalahastri Naidu ( born February 12 , 1972 ) is an American actor . He is of Indian descent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "218fb51912f8eb164dcf332c2e03a99a", "text": "Welcome to New York (2014 film) Welcome to New York is a 2014 French-American drama film co-written and directed by Abel Ferrara . Inspired by the Dominique Strauss-Kahn affair , the film was released on 17 May 2014 by VOD on the internet as the film failed to secure a place on the official selection at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival , nor was it picked up for theatrical distribution in France and is facing self-censorship by the French media , according to Vincent Maraval , one of the producers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5d47fb71a6dcbe1716a5f6725c88f17", "text": "Jaye Davidson Jaye Davidson ( born Alfred Amey ; March 21 , 1968 ) is an American-born British model and retired actor . He is best known for his role as the transgender character Dil in the 1992 suspense-drama thriller film The Crying Game , for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , and for appearing in 1994 's Stargate as the god-like Ra .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d0471a8d5aac000d5f50f7d66e6c363", "text": "Into the West (miniseries) Into the West is a 2005 miniseries produced by Steven Spielberg and DreamWorks , with six two-hour episodes ( including commercials ) . The series was first broadcast in the U.S. on Turner Network Television ( TNT ) on six Fridays starting on June 10 , 2005 . It was also shown in the UK on BBC2 and BBC HD from November 4 , 2006 , and in Canada on CBC Television . The series also aired in the U.S. on AMC during the summer ( June/July ) and fall ( autumn , September/October ) of 2012 . The miniseries begins in the 1820s and is told mainly through the third person narration of Jacob Wheeler ( Matthew Settle ) and Loved By the Buffalo ( Joseph M. Marshall III ) , although episodes outside the direct observation of both protagonists are also shown . The plot follows the story of two families , one white American , one Native American , as their lives become mingled through the momentous events of American expansion . The story intertwines real and fictional characters and events spanning the period of expansion of the United States in the American West , from 1825 to 1890 . The show has a large cast , with about 250 speaking parts . The series features well known performers including Josh Brolin , Gary Busey , Michael Spears , Tonantzin Carmelo , Skeet Ulrich , Garrett Wang , Steve Reevis , Rachael Leigh Cook , Wes Studi , Irene Bedard , Alan Tudyk , Christian Kane , Russell Means , Jay Tavare , David Midthunder , Keri Russell , Graham Greene , Zahn McClarnon , Tom Berenger , Gil Birmingham , David Paymer , Raoul Trujillo , Eric Schweig , Lance Henriksen , Simon R. Baker , Tyler Christopher , Tatanka Means , Tokala Clifford , Gordon Tootoosis , Sheila Tousey , and Will Patton . It was filmed in Drumheller , Alberta and Santa Fe , New Mexico .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aedd576583772437ba03cad319aec8e9", "text": "The American Side The American Side is a 2016 film starring Greg Stuhr and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "318111dcca2f876bfbb7c0c986fa4f28", "text": "Albert Daniels Albert Daniels ( born January 8 , 1983 in Bronx , New York ) , also known as Albe Back , often stylized ALBe . Back , is an actor , artist , producer , poet , and rapper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a0f785dc9d060e4c07901ead9ff42ae", "text": "Lee Wallace (actor) Lee Wallace ( born July 15 , 1930 ) is an American actor of film , stage , and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c5f5d92ff1b9813a693be7f4bcf300b", "text": "Welcome Home (Brian Littrell album) Welcome Home is the debut solo album by Backstreet Boys member Brian Littrell . The album was released on May 2 , 2006 on Sony BMG and Christian music label Reunion Records . The album peaked on the Billboard 200 at number 74 , and at number 3 on the Christian Albums chart . Four singles have been released from the album : `` Welcome Home ( You ) '' , which charted at number one on the Christian Songs chart , and won Best Video of the Year of Dove Award . The album has sold over 100,000 copies in U.S as of April 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d4d67550f96b4879c2db2c62679417b", "text": "Sam Golzari Sam Golzari ( سام گلزاری born 12 July 1979 ) is a British actor of Iranian descent active in the United States . He is known for his debut role in American Dreamz . Golzari was born in Hammersmith , London , England , to parents of Persian origin . He received his BA from UCLA in 2003 , where he worked in the Conservatory Acting Program . Golzari got his start at the age of four as a Michael Jackson impersonator . Besides his work at UCLA , Golzari has also been a lab member of the Latino Theater Company under Jose Luis Valenzuela . Golzari 's plans were to stay in the theater , but while at college he started working on student films . It was there that he began to find a love for the craft of filmmaking . His short film The Break won an award for the `` best ensemble cast '' at the Method Fest film festival . After this , he got his TV debut when the Showtime network aired his film The Invisible Man , directed by UCLA film student Angela Mrema . After college graduation , Golzari landed the first Hollywood film for which he auditioned , American Dreamz . In the film he stars alongside Hugh Grant , Mandy Moore and Dennis Quaid . Since that film , he plays the role of Kameron in the film 21 alongside Jim Sturgess and Kevin Spacey . He has also worked with Tony Shalhoub on the film AmericanEast , as well as an all-improv mockumentary , Juan Francis : Live , produced by Norman Lear . Golzari is also a founding member of the LA-based band the Elevaters , who have released a self-titled EP as well as a full-length album entitled `` Rising . '' He has also appeared in 2016 American film , Jimmy Vestvood : Amerikan Hero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b6e5cab2771353ca1929c6e8d1c0fd3", "text": "Jay Pickett Jay Pickett ( born February 10 , 1961 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8e2774a726293791ed494affbcf117", "text": "Robert Hegyes Robert Hegyes ( pronounced Hedges ; May 7 , 1951 -- January 26 , 2012 ) was an American actor best known for his portrayal of high school student Juan Epstein on the 1970s American sitcom Welcome Back , Kotter and as detective Manny Esposito on the 1980s American crime drama Cagney & Lacey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de4768b24a6f1ca7d782aa14997d00a5", "text": "American Gigolo American Gigolo is a 1980 American romantic crime film written and directed by Paul Schrader , and starring Richard Gere , Lauren Hutton , Hector Elizondo , Nina Van Pallandt and Bill Duke . It tells the story of Julian Kaye , a high-price male escort in Los Angeles who becomes romantically involved with a prominent politician 's wife while simultaneously becoming the prime suspect in a murder case . The film is notable for establishing Gere as a leading man , and was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to include frontal male nudity from its main star . It is also notable for its accompanying soundtrack , composed by Giorgio Moroder and featuring the number-one hit single `` Call Me '' by Blondie . Schrader considers it one of four similar films , which he calls `` double bookends '' : Taxi Driver , bookended by Light Sleeper , and American Gigolo bookended by The Walker .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "319a3f5a4398cb826006d94589502d44", "text": "The American Way (film) The American Way , also known as Riders of the Storm , is a 1986 American science fiction comedy film directed by Maurice Phillips and starring Dennis Hopper and Michael J. Pollard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "041b94f704c2c2daae6a65e698453dd6", "text": "Return (2010 film) Return ( Kotiinpaluu ) , also Homecoming , is a 2010 Finnish short film directed by Harri J. Rantala and starring Eerik Kantokoski , Reeta Annala , Kalevi Haapoja and Kauko Salo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d27073b4433bb5f0e3d208f95495d263", "text": "Sam Rockwell Samuel Rockwell ( born November 5 , 1968 ) is an American actor known for independent and mainstream films . He is known for his leading roles in Lawn Dogs ( 1997 ) , Confessions of a Dangerous Mind ( 2002 ) , Matchstick Men ( 2003 ) , The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy ( 2005 ) , Choke ( 2008 ) , Moon ( 2009 ) , Seven Psychopaths ( 2012 ) , and Mr. Right ( 2015 ) , as well as for his supporting roles in The Green Mile ( 1999 ) , Galaxy Quest ( 1999 ) , The Assassination of Jesse James ( 2007 ) , Frost/Nixon ( 2008 ) , Conviction ( 2010 ) , Iron Man 2 ( 2010 ) , Cowboys & Aliens ( 2011 ) , The Way , Way Back ( 2013 ) , and Poltergeist ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49359cd95d89b659f38d5a9bc3a5813c", "text": "The Comedian (2016 film) The Comedian is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Taylor Hackford and written by Lewis Friedman , Richard LaGravenese , Art Linson , and Jeff Ross . The film stars Robert De Niro , Leslie Mann , Danny DeVito , Edie Falco , Veronica Ferres , Charles Grodin , Cloris Leachman , Patti LuPone and Harvey Keitel . The film had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 11 , 2016 and was released on December 9 , 2016 , by Sony Pictures Classics . The film opened to negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0ab95b07216f9cefd824aece117c05e", "text": "Gary Cooper filmography The filmography of Gary Cooper chronicles the film appearances of American actor Gary Cooper . After starting his career in 1925 as a film extra and stuntman , Cooper made his official cinematic debut in 1926 in the Samuel Goldwyn production The Winning of Barbara Worth . He went on to become a contract player with Paramount Pictures where he established himself as a popular leading man prior to the end of the silent film era . Cooper 's future in the sound era was assured with the release of The Virginian ( 1929 ) , his first all-talkie film . For the next 32 years , he would be one of cinema 's top money-making stars . From 1936 to 1957 , Cooper ranked 18 times among the top ten box office attractions -- a record when he died in 1961 , and later surpassed only by John Wayne , who ranked among the top ten 25 times , Clint Eastwood ( 21 times ) and Tom Cruise ( 20 times ) . Cooper was nominated for the Best Actor Academy Award five times and won twice , for Sergeant York ( 1942 ) and High Noon ( 1952 ) . The latter film boosted his popularity , resulting in him being the number one box office attraction in 1953 . Cooper received a third Academy Award -- an honorary one -- just prior to his death in 1961 . His final film , The Naked Edge , was released shortly after his death . As of February 2008 , more than half of Gary Cooper 's feature films are available on DVD , while others not yet on home video are available for television broadcast . Unfortunately , at least two of his silent films -- Beau Sabreur ( 1928 ) and The Legion of the Condemned ( 1928 ) -- are now considered lost films . Another of his silent films , Wolf Song ( 1929 ) , was originally released as a part talkie , but survives only as a silent film . One of Cooper 's earliest talkies , Paramount on Parade ( 1930 ) , survives incomplete . The prints that are available for television are missing all but one of the film 's Technicolor scenes -- a partial restoration of these scenes was done by the UCLA Film Archives . This filmography contains sections for Cooper 's work as an extra in the earliest part of his film career , his feature film appearances , his occasional appearances in short films , and a section for a compilation film . Due to its length ( 92 films ) , the listing of his feature films is divided in four sections . Cooper 's film roles are listed , as well as the names of each film 's director and co-stars . Cooper 's awards and nominations are also listed . Except where noted , all of his films were shot in 35mm black and white . All films released prior to Lilac Time ( 1928 ) are silent films and all from The Virginian ( 1929 ) onward are sound films . The films made during the silent-to-sound transition are noted as being either silent or sound films . As an addendum , Cooper 's handful of television appearances are also listed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c", "text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93c4f3d9c3d67d067517bd71dbf9172b", "text": "Peter Greene Peter Greene ( born Peter Green ; October 8 , 1965 ) is an American character actor , generally known for playing villains .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b5dff9513bf01faf58e4cffc28d57ad", "text": "Bill Raymond William Joseph `` Bill '' Raymond ( born September 9 , 1938 ) is an American actor who has appeared in film , television and theatre since the 1960s .", "title": "" } ]
fever
f53bcacf6efaaa581cc00be69c0413e3
Millie Bobby Brown is a model from the United Kingdom.
[ { "docid": "60a6a5fac8aaa88b6bc604f2301eeb7a", "text": "Millie Bobby Brown Millie Bobby Brown ( born 19 February 2004 ) is an English actress and model known for her breakout role as Jane `` Eleven '' Ives in the Netflix science fiction drama series Stranger Things .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0109b5c59a7441459e8ebe62725b1004", "text": "England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight . The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period , but takes its name from the Angles , one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries . England became a unified state in the 10th century , and since the Age of Discovery , which began during the 15th century , has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world . The English language , the Anglican Church , and English law -- the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world -- developed in England , and the country 's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations . The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England , transforming its society into the world 's first industrialised nation . England 's terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains , especially in central and southern England . However , there are uplands in the north ( for example , the mountainous Lake District , and the Pennines ) and in the southwest ( for example , Dartmoor and the Cotswolds ) . The capital is London , which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union.According to the European Statistical Agency , London is the largest Larger Urban Zone in the EU , a measure of metropolitan area which comprises a city 's urban core as well as its surrounding commuting zone . London 's municipal population is also the largest in the EU . England 's population of over 53 million comprises 84 % of the population of the United Kingdom , largely concentrated around London , the South East , and conurbations in the Midlands , the North West , the North East , and Yorkshire , which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century . The Kingdom of England -- which after 1535 included Wales -- ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707 , when the Acts of Union put into effect the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year , resulting in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain . In 1801 , Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom , leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4e1ce4fd6646b7abd79dc65d31bbe253", "text": "UK B-Boy Championships The UK B-Boy Championships is a hip-hop dance competition held annually in the United Kingdom . UK B-Boy Championships , alongside Battle of the Year and R-16 Korea , is regarded to be one of the main International B-Boy Championships held every year . There are national qualifiers worldwide where dancers compete for the opportunity to represent their country at the international final held in London . The event features solo breakers , poppers , hip-hop dancers and b-boy crews from across the globe . It also host DJs and graffiti artists from other countries . The Championships brings together dancers from around the globe -- including the US , Japan , Korea , Russia , China , Holland and Scandinavia -- who 've won the preliminary tournaments . After a five-month search , staging eight international eliminations , the winners all converge at the Brixton Academy every year to take part in the international final . Since 2014 , UK B-boy Championships partnered up with the World BBoy Series and helped create Undisputed , an event to crown the solo world bboy champion . In 2015 , UK B-boy Championships was not held .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d1356626e69537ec7a666709d1143b1", "text": "Boogie Beebies Boogie Beebies is a United Kingdom children 's television programme , which is produced and broadcast by the BBC . It is aired on CBeebies ( both the separate channel and CBeebies on BBC One and BBC Two ) . It won the Best Pre School Live Action award , at the BAFTA Children 's Awards in 2005 . Each programme is fifteen minutes long , and teaches children a dance ( to a short original song ) , a different one each week . It was originally presented by Nataylia Roni and Peter Hillier . Nataylia had previous been a member of the `` teen pop '' group B-Yond who attempted to win the 1997 Great British Song Contest with the song `` Lighten ' Up '' . However , from December 2006 , it was presented by Hillier alone . It also features clips of children ( at home , in schools or in front of bluescreen ) . In earlier series , the same programme was shown throughout the week . In the later series , a slightly different programme was shown each day . The only variant being , the verses are taught , and the chorus is only run through once . The dance is taught segment by segment by the instructor ( s ) . In earlier programmes , the two instructors took turns with each segment . The moves to each day 's dance , as well as the theme of the song , are drawn from nature or the world around us ( i.e. , `` The Ocean Motion '' features dance moves inspired by various sea creatures ) . The programme culminates with a complete performance of the song and dance , called `` Big Video Time '' . The name of the programme comes from the informal verb to boogie ( dance ) and the Beebies part of CBeebies . The program was advertised using a child dancing `` travolta style '' to A Fifth of Beethoven by Walter Murphy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb038aba46a8618514233fac6d1f668", "text": "Freddie Lee Peterkin Freddie Lee Peterkin , also known as Freddie Lee , is a published author , singer -- songwriter , actor and ordained interdenominational Minister , born in Pahokee , Florida . He is known for his gritty power soul vocals reminiscent of Bobby Womack . He has become an artist of public note through his 2008 independent release of the Soul and Gospel album Beyond Comprehension under the recording name of Freddie Lee . He made his prime time acting debut as `` DJ Freddie Murphy '' on Channel 4 's T4 Stars & Strikes and as a character in BBC2 's Grumpy Guide to Work in 2011 . He was also the voice for Bewiser Owl in the Bewiser Insurance TV commercial in 2012 and 2013 . He established himself in the live entertainment industry with his choreographed costume Soul Tribute stage productions for theatres and resorts in 1991 . These critically acclaimed shows include The Sounds of the Four Tops , The Sounds of the Drifters and The Sounds of the Temptations . Freddie Lee Peterkin is also a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity , Delta Psi Chapter a Fraternity known for members such as Martin Luther King . This historic organization was the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for Black college students founded on December 4 , 1906 . Peterkin was responsible for composing many Delta Psi Chapter fraternity anthems such as ' I Know I 've Been Changed ' written in 1985 while he was pledging . He was also a dancer and choreographer of the Delta Psi Chapter 's ` Step Shows ' . Stepping ( African-American ) or step-dancing is a form of percussive dance in which the participant 's entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds through a mixture of footsteps , spoken word , and hand claps and a strong part of Black Greek Letter Fraternities . Peterkin is the son of migrant workers originally from Georgia who came to Florida to pick crops for a living . He is of African and Seminole Indian heritage . His stepfather , James Elijah Jr. , was the lead vocalist of the 1960s and 1970s gospel group , The Royal Lights . His sister Breyona Elijah is part of the gospel group James Smith & Nu Birth and they are both cousins of Gospel group Damali . His mother Bernice Bell is also a singer and as a child won a competition to write a song for Joe Tex , for which she was awarded concert tickets and a chance to meet her idol . Joe Tex went on to have a major hit with the song but Bernice remained uncredited . Bernice Bell has been more recently recognized for her charity work and ran youth programs in Pahokee 's Padgett Island Community Center for 17 years and donating hot meals to Pahokee 's underprivileged children . The community center was recently renamed `` The Bernice Bell Community Center '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51823a8bf97606464f0f60bd1cf80ba0", "text": "Melanie Appleby Melanie Susan `` Mel '' Appleby ( 11 July 1966 -- 18 January 1990 ) was one half of the 1980s English duo Mel and Kim . Appleby was born to a Jamaican father and a white British mother . She initially worked as a glamour model ( she did a photo shoot for Mayfair in 1987 ) and then joined her sister Kim Appleby to form Mel and Kim , enjoying considerable chart success during the mid and late 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "593095ef2d2928282d1618c7bb26b817", "text": "The dress `` The dress '' is a photo that became a viral Internet picture on 26 February 2015 , when viewers disagreed over whether the item of clothing depicted was black and blue or white and gold . The phenomenon revealed differences in human colour perception which have been the subject of ongoing scientific investigation in neuroscience and vision science , with a number of papers published in peer-reviewed science journals . The photo originated from a washed-out colour photograph of a dress posted on the social networking service Tumblr , and a dispute over whether the dress pictured was blue and black , or white and gold . In the first week after the surfacing of the image alone , more than 10 million tweets mentioned the dress , using hashtags such as #thedress , #whiteandgold and #blackandblue . Although the actual colour of the dress was eventually confirmed to be black and blue , the image prompted discussions surrounding the matter across various platforms , with users discussing their opinions on the colour and why they perceived the dress as being a certain colour . At the same time , members of the scientific community began to investigate the photo for fresh insights into human colour vision . The dress itself , which was identified as a product of the retailer Roman Originals , experienced a major surge in sales as a result of the incident . The retailer also produced a one-off version of the dress actually coloured in white and gold as a charity campaign .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3e2f8340f136eff59187be4d700c5b0", "text": "Bobby Hashemi Bobby Hashemi is an investor at Union Ventures , a private investment vehicle that he founded in 2012 , focused on investing and supporting growth companies across the UK consumer / leisure sectors . Bobby is a successful UK entrepreneur and investor with over 20 years ' experience in the consumer sector across three aspects - as an entrepreneur who has built a leisure business from scratch into a well-known national brand , as an investor partner in an established private equity investment fund , and as an advisor in a major US investment bank .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f1a2677047de85654f4766427e20a30", "text": "Kelly Bell Kelly Bell ( born 21 February 1982 in Aldershot ) is an English former glamour model . She has been described as the United Kingdom 's `` number-one glamour model . '' Bell has appeared in many young teen girl magazines , as a young teen model and has had many TV appearances over the last 15 years . She entered a competition to find Britain 's next top model in the Daily Sport at just 16 , placing first out of thousands of entrants . Bell was voted the UK 's sexiest babe for 2007 by the readers of the Daily & Sunday Sport . She recorded a single titled Down 'n Dirty in 2003 and performed a concert in Colchester in aid of the Army Benevolent Fund . She is a campaigner for the British Armed Forces and raises awareness for the military whenever she can . Bell is a vegan who avoids the consumption or use of animal products . She is a supporter of the British vegetarian , vegan and animal rights group Viva ! .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e3d136f6c1a09d9b9afec0f391ee43", "text": "Alesha Dixon discography Alesha Dixon , a British R&B singer has released three studio albums , nine lead singles ( not including two singles on which she is featured and three promotional singles ) and thirteen music videos . Dixon was also a member of the popular music group Mis-Teeq , together with whom she released four albums and several successful singles . Dixon 's discography as a solo artist began with the release of `` Lipstick '' under the mononym `` Alesha '' on 14 August 2006 in the United Kingdom , intended as the lead single from her album Fired Up . The song reached number fourteen on the UK Singles Chart , and was followed by `` Knockdown , '' the poor performance of which caused the album 's release to be cancelled and Alesha to be dropped by record label Polydor . However , Fired Up was released both physically and digitally in Japan , where it reached number 54 on the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart . Following Dixon 's success on BBC reality television programme Strictly Come Dancing , she was signed to Asylum Records to release her second album The Alesha Show . The album yielded four singles , two of which reached the top ten of the UK Singles Chart . One , titled `` The Boy Does Nothing '' is Dixon 's best-selling single release to date , as it achieved worldwide chart success . The Alesha Show went on to be certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry , denoting shipments of 300,000 copies and allowing her to begin recording for her third studio album The Entertainer , which was preceded by the single `` Drummer Boy '' . Despite yielding four singles , the album peaked at just number 84 on the UK Albums Chart and was not certified , leading to Dixon parting with her record label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9f221195ccad9605dd5725e86d96115", "text": "Gayle Williamson Gayle lady Williamson ( born c. 1980 , Dollingstown , Northern Ireland ) is a model and former Miss Northern Ireland and Miss United Kingdom winner . She was also a contestant in the 2002 Miss World beauty contest .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94af5b1e85a566dfe4aa6f5c5907fe4b", "text": "Keeley Hazell Keeley Hazell ( born 18 September 1986 ) is an English glamour model , actress , . Hazell became one of Britain 's most successful glamour models , working with brands such as Page 3 , FHM , Loaded , Nuts and Zoo Weekly . She has also made numerous television appearances and has , more recently , focused on her acting career , appearing in films such as Horrible Bosses 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2f267caa1dad67c83383f4899c9eb64", "text": "Millie Jackson (album) Millie Jackson is the self-titled debut album by singer-songwriter , Millie Jackson . This album is different from all her other album to follow in that this album features some Motown style songs . It includes the R&B hits `` A Child of God ( It 's Hard to Believe ) '' , `` My Man , A Sweet Man '' and `` Ask Me What You Want . '' The album was arranged by Tony Camillo and Bert de Coteaux . In 2006 , Ace Records in the UK digitally remastered this album ( along with four other best-selling Millie Jackson albums ) and released it on CD with bonus tracks and extensive liner notes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "85b4cd50b7d21be77c8d001d406333d1", "text": "Penelope Tree Penelope Tree ( born 2 December 1949 ) is an English former fashion model prominent in swinging sixties London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec46448101cc7138a59a420ce549aea9", "text": "Bobby Noble (footballer, born 1945) Robert `` Bobby '' Noble ( born 18 December 1945 ) is an English former footballer who played as a full back in the Football League for Manchester United . Born in Reddish , Stockport , Noble signed for Manchester United as a trainee in 1961 and turned professional the following year . He made his Football League debut on 9 April 1966 in a 2 -- 1 home defeat to Leicester City , and became a regular in the side that won the league title in 1967 . but he was seriously injured in a car crash just before United sealed the title . He recovered from the injuries which almost claimed his life , but his attempts to recover full fitness proved unsuccessful and he retired from playing three years later . He later worked as a printer . Bobby has a sister named Jaqueline ( Jackie ) who has one son . Bobby also has his own children .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fb99f03e6708d8864240db658d72860", "text": "So You Think You Can Dance (UK TV series) So You Think You Can Dance was a televised dance competition and reality show that launched in the United Kingdom in January 2010 with a format based on an American show by the same name . The show was broadcast on BBC One . The presentation of the show is similar to that of the Pop Idol series of singing competitions . The show focuses not only on the dancers ' talent , but also showcases new works by notable choreographers , crafted specifically for the dancers and the show .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45862ce58497dab0f65103555c1e8478", "text": "Ugly Models Ugly Models is a London-based alternative modelling agency that specialises in character modelling . Its owner Marc French says it is about `` celebrating everyone 's unique beauty '' . Its major clients include Calvin Klein , Levi 's , Diesel , Vogue , Elle , and Cosmopolitan . Its models have appeared in film series such as Harry Potter , Pirates of the Caribbean and James Bond . Ugly Models are in official partnership with Guinness World Records and represents the world 's tallest man , the world 's most pierced woman and the world 's most tattooed man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a4226549c6993a92b28e6832c747f9f5", "text": "Katrina Kendall Katrina Kendall ( born 8 December 1989 ) is a Filipino-British environmental ambassador and beauty queen , best known for winning Miss Earth England 2015 which gives her the right to represent England in Miss Earth 2015 pageant .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be2af1170ecafe94044e02a20f55be6c", "text": "Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act The Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act is an award given by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , an organisation which represents record companies and artists in the United Kingdom . The accolade is presented at the Brit Awards , an annual celebration of British and international music . The winners and nominees are determined by the BRIT Awards voting academy with over 1,000 members , which comprise record labels , publishers , managers , agents , media , and previous winners and nominees . The award was first presented in 1977 as two awards as `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' which were won by Graham Parker and Julie Covington . When the Brit Awards was held for the second time in 1982 , the awards `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' became joint as one award for both male and female acts as well introducing groups acts to award . The first award for the joint `` British Newcomer '' was won by The Human League . In 2003 the award was renamed to `` British Breakthrough Act '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "842c5fcf42a1d56f72075899656f5afc", "text": "David Brown Automotive David Brown Automotive is a British manufacturer of limited edition automobiles in Coventry , England , belonging to British businessman David Brown . The company announced the Speedback , its first model , in March 2014 in London . The vehicle 's public debut was at the Top Marques show in Monaco on 17 April 2014 . Despite sharing a similar background in engineering , and the same name as previous owner of Aston Martin , there is no family connection between the two companies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f3d09a12fa9dfa137849cec952ed8228", "text": "Susan Maughan Susan Maughan ( born Marian Maughan , 1 July 1938 , ) is an English singer who released successful singles in the 1960s . Her most famous and successful song , `` Bobby 's Girl '' ( a cover of the Marcie Blane single ) , reached number three in the UK Singles Chart at Christmas time in 1962 . It also reached number six in the Norwegian chart in that year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "611048e87e2a2ed1dfeac9f47312ffd3", "text": "Dennis Brown Dennis Emmanuel Brown CD ( 1 February 1957 -- 1 July 1999 ) was a Jamaican reggae singer . During his prolific career , which began in the late 1960s when he was aged eleven , he recorded more than 75 albums and was one of the major stars of lovers rock , a subgenre of reggae . Bob Marley cited Brown as his favourite singer , dubbing him `` The Crown Prince of Reggae '' , and Brown would prove influential on future generations of reggae singers .", "title": "" } ]
fever
073a0932d11de3d4d4dfdfe47c92929a
The exact mechanism of Huntington's disease is unknown.
[ { "docid": "ed84b2b68655eaec345ff9c5f82335d0", "text": "Huntington's disease Huntington 's disease ( HD ) , also known as Huntington 's chorea , is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells . The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities . A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait often follow . As the disease advances , uncoordinated , jerky body movements become more apparent . Physical abilities gradually worsen until coordinated movement becomes difficult and the person is unable to talk . Mental abilities generally decline into dementia . The specific symptoms vary somewhat between people . Symptoms usually begin between 30 and 50 years of age , but can start at any age . The disease may develop earlier in life in each successive generation . About 8 % of cases start before the age of 20 years and typically present with symptoms more similar to Parkinson 's disease . People with HD often underestimate the degree of their problems . HD is typically inherited from a person 's parents , with 10 % of cases due to a new mutation . The disease is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in either of an individual 's two copies of a gene called Huntingtin . This means a child of an affected person typically has a 50 % chance of inheriting the disease . The Huntingtin gene provides the genetic information for a protein that is also called `` huntingtin '' . Expansion of CAG ( cytosine-adenine-guanine ) triplet repeats in the gene coding for the Huntingtin protein results in an abnormal protein , which gradually damages cells in the brain , through mechanisms that are not fully understood . Diagnosis is by genetic testing , which can be carried out at any time , regardless of whether or not symptoms are present . This fact raises several ethical debates : the age at which an individual is considered mature enough to choose testing ; whether parents have the right to have their children tested ; and managing confidentiality and disclosure of test results . There is no cure for HD . Full-time care is required in the later stages of the disease . Treatments can relieve some symptoms and in some improve quality of life . The best evidence for treatment of the movement problems is with tetrabenazine . HD affects about 4 to 15 in 100,000 people of European descent . It is rare among Japanese , while the occurrence rate in Africa is unknown . The disease affects men and women equally . Complications such as pneumonia , heart disease , and physical injury from falls reduce life expectancy . Suicide is the cause of death in about 9 % of cases . Death typically occurs fifteen to twenty years from when the disease was first detected . The first likely description of the disease was in 1841 by Charles Oscar Waters . The condition was described in further detail in 1872 by George Huntington , after whom it is named . The genetic basis was discovered in 1993 by an international collaborative effort led by the Hereditary Disease Foundation . Research and support organizations began forming in the late 1960s to increase public awareness , to provide support for individuals and their families , and to promote research . Current research directions include determining the exact mechanism of the disease , improving animal models to aid with research , testing of medications to treat symptoms or slow the progression of the disease , and studying procedures such as stem cell therapy with the goal of repairing damage caused by the disease .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "097ddb07f5301e78c3e38b82f6509fb3", "text": "Endophenotype Endophenotype is a genetic epidemiology term which is used to separate behavioral symptoms into more stable phenotypes with a clear genetic connection . The concept was coined by Bernard John and Kenneth R. Lewis in a 1966 paper attempting to explain the geographic distribution of grasshoppers . They claimed that the particular geographic distribution could not be explained by the obvious and external `` exophenotype '' of the grasshoppers , but instead must be explained by their microscopic and internal `` endophenotype . '' The next major use of the term was in psychiatric genetics , to bridge the gap between high-level symptom presentation and low-level genetic variability , such as single nucleotide polymorphisms . It is therefore more applicable to more heritable disorders , such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia . Since then , the concept has expanded to many other fields , such as the study of ADHD , addiction , Alzheimer 's disease obesity and cystic fibrosis . Some other terms which have a similar meaning but do not stress the genetic connection as highly are `` intermediate phenotype '' , `` biological marker '' , `` subclinical trait '' , `` vulnerability marker '' , and `` cognitive marker '' . The strength of an endophenotype is its ability to differentiate between potential diagnoses that present with similar symptoms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb338cef415fce471641b40c7957409d", "text": "Hypochondriasis Hypochondriasis , also known as hypochondria , health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder , refers to worry about having a serious illness . This debilitating condition is the result of an inaccurate perception of the condition of body or mind despite the absence of an actual medical condition . An individual suffering from hypochondriasis is known as a hypochondriac . Hypochondriacs become unduly alarmed about any physical or psychological symptoms they detect , no matter how minor the symptom may be , and are convinced that they have , or are about to be diagnosed with , a serious illness . Often , hypochondria persists even after a physician has evaluated a person and reassured them that their concerns about symptoms do not have an underlying medical basis or , if there is a medical illness , their concerns are far in excess of what is appropriate for the level of disease . Many hypochondriacs focus on a particular symptom as the catalyst of their worrying , such as gastro-intestinal problems , palpitations , or muscle fatigue . To qualify for the diagnosis of hypochondria the symptoms must have been experienced for at least 6 months . The DSM-IV-TR defines this disorder , `` Hypochondriasis '' , as a somatoform disorder and one study has shown it to affect about 3 % of the visitors to primary care settings . The newly published DSM-5 replaces the diagnosis of hypochondriasis with the diagnoses of `` somatic symptom disorder '' and `` illness anxiety disorder '' . Hypochondria is often characterized by fears that minor bodily or mental symptoms may indicate a serious illness , constant self-examination and self-diagnosis , and a preoccupation with one 's body . Many individuals with hypochondriasis express doubt and disbelief in the doctors ' diagnosis , and report that doctors ' reassurance about an absence of a serious medical condition is unconvincing , or short-lasting . Additionally , many hypochondriacs experience elevated blood pressure , stress , and anxiety in the presence of doctors or while occupying a medical facility , a condition known as `` white coat syndrome '' . Many hypochondriacs require constant reassurance , either from doctors , family , or friends , and the disorder can become a disabling torment for the individual with hypochondriasis , as well as his or her family and friends . Some hypochondriacal individuals completely avoid any reminder of illness , whereas others frequently visit medical facilities , sometimes obsessively . Some sufferers may never speak about it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46fcad48d776e155e40b63e09178ee69", "text": "X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2 X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2 ( SMAX2 , XLSMA ) , also known as arthrogryposis multiplex congenita X-linked type 1 ( AMCX1 ) , is a rare neurological disorder involving death of motor neurons in the anterior horn of spinal cord resulting in generalised muscle wasting ( atrophy ) . The disease is caused by a mutation in UBA1 gene and is passed in a X-linked recessive manner by carrier mothers to affected sons . Affected babies have general muscle weakness , weak cry and floppy limbs ; consequently , the condition is usually apparent at or even before birth . Symptoms resemble the more severe forms of the more common spinal muscular atrophy ( SMA ) ; however , SMAX2 is caused by a different genetic defect and only genetic testing can correctly identify the disease . The disorder is usually fatal in infancy or early childhood due to progressive respiratory failure , although survival into teenage years have been reported . As with many genetic disorders , there is no known cure to SMAX2 . Appropriate palliative care may be able to increase quality of life and extend lifespan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48c94b685bce2d17425f3f5152a38e71", "text": "Microinfarct A microinfarct is a microscopic stroke less than 1 millimeter in size . Microinfarcts can be found in 25-50 % of all elderly deceased persons . Microinfarcts may be the second most important cause of dementia , after Alzheimer 's disease . Microinfarcts are microscopic lesions , of cellular death or tissue necrosis , which are a result of pathologies involving small vessels . Such pathologies are arteriosclerosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy . Microinfarcts take longer to affect neuronal death progress , at up to 28 days , rather than hours . Microinfarcts can range in size from 0.2 to 2.9 mm . This ailment usually goes undetected in clinical-radiological , like structural MRI , studies and is known as a `` silent pathology '' . Depending on the size , large acute microinfarcts may be detected via a special imaging known as diffusion weighted imaging . Microinfarcts tend to occur at a high frequency , without specific regionalized locations . They are common in aging brains . This high frequency is thought to directly disrupt cognitive networks that are imperative to brain operation . Even though microinfarcts are usually undetectable , there is a general assessment of the cognitive status measured on a scale called the Clinical Dementia Rating ( CDR ) . This scale measures different parts of the brain such as diffuse white matter , periventricular myelination and cortical microinfarcts . Assessments of cortical microinfarcts have had the highest rates with being associated with cognitive degeneration . This lower cognition specifically affects perceptual speed and memory ( semantic and episodic ) . People with high frequency of this ailment tend to have greater chances of developing dementia . Although not many studies have been conducted and little is known between microinfarcts and other vascular or epidemiological risk factors , these brain lesions are thought to be masked by other pathologies . However , the common macroscopic infarct is not exhibited in 45 % of people tested for microinfarcts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64d5e2c8ae259e0c1c48c1c2a30aee40", "text": "Dopamine transporter The dopamine transporter ( also dopamine active transporter , DAT , SLC6A3 ) is a membrane-spanning protein that pumps the neurotransmitter dopamine out of the synaptic cleft back into cytosol , from which other transporters sequester DA and NE into vesicles for storage and later release . Dopamine reuptake via DAT provides the primary mechanism through which dopamine is cleared from synapses , although there may be an exception in the prefrontal cortex , where evidence points to a possibly larger role of the norepinephrine transporter . DAT is implicated in a number of dopamine-related disorders , including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder , bipolar disorder , clinical depression , and alcoholism . The gene that encodes the DAT protein is located on human chromosome 5 , consists of 15 coding exons , and is roughly 64 kbp long . Evidence for the associations between DAT and dopamine related disorders has come from a type of genetic polymorphism , known as a VNTR , in the DAT gene ( DAT1 ) , which influences the amount of protein expressed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9632ce712c50114f998283de763620d", "text": "Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms of alcoholism Alcoholism is a chronic disease characterized by trouble controlling the consumption of alcohol , dependence ( needing to consume more to achieve the same effects ) , and withdrawal upon rapid cessation of drinking . According to ARDI reports approximately 88,000 people had alcohol-related deaths in the United States between the years of 2006 and 2010 . Furthermore , chronic alcohol use is consistently the third leading cause of death in the United States . In consequence , research has sought to determine the factors responsible for the development and persistence of alcoholism . From this research , several molecular and epigenetic mechanisms have been discovered .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "77fd02b05139ff44317ea228be5658ec", "text": "Cholinergic In general , the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the N,N,N-trimethylethanolammonium cation . Found in most animal tissues , choline is a primary component of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and functions with inositol as a basic constituent of lecithin . It prevents fat deposits in the liver and facilitates the movement of fats into the cells . The richest sources of choline are liver , kidney , brain , wheat germ , brewer 's yeast , and egg yolk . Neurologically , cholinergic is the abbreviated term referring to acetylcholine , ( the suffix - ergic means stimulating ) . The parasympathetic nervous system , which uses acetylcholine almost exclusively to send its messages , is said to be almost entirely cholinergic . Neuromuscular junctions , preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system , the basal forebrain , and brain stem complexes are also cholinergic . In addition , the receptor for the merocrine sweat glands are also cholinergic , since acetylcholine is released from postganglionic sympathetic neurons . In neuroscience and related fields , the term cholinergic is used in these related contexts : A substance ( or ligand ) is cholinergic if it is capable of producing , altering , or releasing acetylcholine ( `` indirect-acting '' ) or mimicking its behaviour at one or more of the body 's acetylcholine receptor types ( `` direct-acting '' ) . Such mimics are called parasympathomimetic drugs or cholinomimetic drugs . A receptor is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter . A synapse is cholinergic if it uses acetylcholine as its neurotransmitter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d2338152fa0dfdf164514fe1cb8ebcfb", "text": "Broca's area Broca 's area or the Broca area -LSB- broʊˈkɑː -RSB- or -LSB- ˈbroʊkə -RSB- is a region in the frontal lobe of the dominant hemisphere ( usually the left ) of the hominid brain with functions linked to speech production . Language processing has been linked to Broca 's area since Pierre Paul Broca reported impairments in two patients . They had lost the ability to speak after injury to the posterior inferior frontal gyrus of the brain . Since then , the approximate region he identified has become known as Broca 's area , and the deficit in language production as Broca 's aphasia , also called expressive aphasia . Broca 's area is now typically defined in terms of the pars opercularis and pars triangularis of the inferior frontal gyrus , represented in Brodmann 's cytoarchitectonic map as areas 44 and 45 of the dominant hemisphere . Studies of chronic aphasia have implicated an essential role of Broca 's area in various speech and language functions . Further , fMRI studies have also identified activation patterns in Broca 's area associated with various language tasks . However , slow destruction of the Broca 's area by brain tumors can leave speech relatively intact suggesting its functions can shift to nearby areas in the brain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d428c3869c459ea70357e3e04b180db", "text": "Inverse Warburg effect The term inverse Warburg effect was introduced by Lloyd Demetrius and colleagues ( 1,2 ) to describe the metabolic reprogramming observed in cortical regions of the brain during the prodromal phase of Alzheimer 's disease ( 3,4 ) and Parkinson 's disease ( 5,6 ) . This reprogramming refers to the up regulation of oxidative phosphorylation ( OxPhos ) in mitochondria of certain neurons -- a process which induces a hypermetabolic state in these neurons in an age dependent manner . The aging process is driven , in part , by an increase in molecular disorder and a concomitant decrease in enzymatic activity ( 7 ) leading to an impairment in the capacity of cells to appropriate energy from the external environment and to convert this energy into biosynthetic work . Consequently , the capacity of neurons to convert food derived fuel sources into ATP and to use this energy to maintain neuronal viability is susceptible to decline with age . However , age-induced mitochondrial dysfunction will induce a compensatory increase in OxPhos in certain sub-populations of neurons to maintain adequate energy production , and thereby ensure synaptic function and cell survival ( 8 ) . Within neurons of the aging brain an increase in OxPhos activity in intact mitochondria , and a redistribution of these mitochondria to sites which require high energy production has been documented ( 9 ) . Lloyd Demetrius and colleagues ( 1,2 ) have proposed this compensatory change as the fundamental and initiating event in the progression towards neurodegenerative diseases . The inverse Warburg effect is postulated as the primary event in a cascade of metabolic changes ( The Inverse Warburg Hypothesis ) which ultimately leads to neuronal loss . The main energy currency in living organisms is ATP which must be continually generated to maintain cell viability . The energy is derived from two types of processes -- OxPhos which provides ~ 80 % of the total energy , and glycolysis which contributes the remaining ~ 20 % ( 10 ) ( Figure 1 ) . In oncology , most cancer cells predominantly produce energy by the up-regulation of glycolysis . Malignant , rapidly growing tumor cells have glycolytic rates higher than those of their normal tissue of origin ( Figure 2 ) . This mode of metabolic reprogramming is now called the Warburg effect , after the Nobel Laureate , Otto Warburg , who proposed that up-regulation of glycolysis is a primary initiating event in the progression towards cancer ( 11 ) . Elevated glycolysis fuels anabolic processes that contribute to the rapid growth and cellular division associated with cancer ( 12 ) . Epidemilogical studies have shown that cancer is inversely comorbid with both Alzheimer 's disease ( AD ) and Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) ( 13,14 ) . The molecular and bioenergetic basis for this inverse relation can be explained by invoking the Warburg effect as the fundamental cause of cancer and the Inverse Warburg effect as the fundamental cause of AD and PD ( 15 ) . Elevated glycolysis in cancer cells leads to the heightened production of lactate , the end product of glycolysis . Lactate has emerged as a key cerebral energy source that can provide energy via OxPhos ( 16 ) . Therefore , neurons with elevated OxPhos become critically dependent on an oxidative substrate , such as lactate-derived pyruvate , a key feature of the inverse Warburg effect ( Figure 3 ) . Elevated lactate production , associated with cancer , may therefore fuel the heightened metabolic demands of neurons within the brains of elderly patients . A hypermetabolic state , as predicted by the inverse Warburg effect , has been detected in the brains of individuals during the presymptomatic phase of AD and PD ( 3 -- 6 ) . However , the inability to switch to the Warburg effect not only restricts the development of cancer , but also curtails a potential source of lactate for hypermetabolic neurons within the brain . Under this scenario , neurons are starved and neurodegeneration ensues . Thus the Inverse Warburg Effect provides a holistic model which defines the role of aging as a risk factor for AD and PD , and also provides an explanation for the inverse relationship between cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7ec7ecebdcba811ab183f0e27e295eb", "text": "Genome instability Genome instability ( also `` genetic instability '' or `` genomic instability '' ) refers to a high frequency of mutations within the genome of a cellular lineage . These mutations can include changes in nucleic acid sequences , chromosomal rearrangements or aneuploidy . Genome instability does occur in bacteria . In multicellular organisms genome instability is central to carcinogenesis , and in humans it is also a factor in some neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or the neuromuscular disease myotonic dystrophy . The sources of genome instability have only recently begun to be elucidated . A high frequency of externally caused DNA damage can be one source of genome instability since DNA damages can cause inaccurate translesion synthesis past the damages or errors in repair , leading to mutation . Another source of genome instability may be epigenetic or mutational reductions in expression of DNA repair genes . Because endogenous ( metabolically-caused ) DNA damage is very frequent , occurring on average more than 60,000 times a day in the genomes of human cells , any reduced DNA repair is likely an important source of genome instability .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a739f5f8c79be400f0d81e47efe9a73b", "text": "Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development The Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development ( Synaction n. , or Synactive adj. -LSB- from the Greek syn `` together '' and the Latin actio `` action , '' resulting in : `` together in action '' -RSB- ) suggests that development of the human fetus , and later newborn , proceeds through the constant balancing of approach and avoidance behaviors , leading to : 1 ) a continuous interaction of the subsystems ( i.e. , Autonomic , Motor , State and Attention/Interaction , and Regulatory ) and their increasingly defined delineations within the organism , that is the infant , and 2 ) the organism 's interaction with the environment at large . This process is aimed at bringing about the increasingly well-defined species-unique developmental agenda . Figure 1 ( below ) , provides a graphic representation of the Synactive Theory of development , as applied to both fetal and newborn stages . It focuses upon the infant 's within-organism , four subsystems of functioning , and their continuous interaction with each other and with the environment across time ( i.e. , `` together in action , '' or synaction ) . The four subsystems include the : Autonomic Subsystem : Expressed in the pattern of respiration ( e.g. , fast , slow , pauses ) color changes ( e.g. , pink , pale , red ) , neurological indicators ( e.g. , seizures , tremulousness ) , and visceral or gut signals such as bowel movements , gagging , and hiccoughing ; Motor Subsystem : Observable through the tone , posture and movement patterns of the infant ; State and Attention/Interaction Subsystem : Expressed via : 1 ) the range of states available to the infant ( i.e. , deep sleep , light sleep , drowsy , alert , hyperalert , and cry ) , 2 ) how clearly it is to observably differentiate one state from the other , and 3 ) the patterns of transitions from one state to another ( e.g. , smooth well-differentiated state transitions versus abrupt unorganized state transitions ) . The attention/interaction system is set within this state continuum ( i.e. , from deep sleep to cry ) and represented by the infant 's ability to adjust the robustness and increasing refinement of an alert , attentive state . The infant uses this state to take in cognitive and social information from the environment as well as to bring forth and modify inputs from the surrounding world ; and Regulatory Subsystem : Behaviorally represented via the observable strategies the infant uses ( Self-Regulation ) in maintaining a balanced , relatively stable and relaxed state of subsystem of functioning or in returning to this a state of subsystem functioning if imbalance , or stress has occurred within the subsystems . An additional component of the regulatory subsystem is observable in the kind and amount of support offered by the caregiver ( e.g. , supporting a soft , tucked , flexed position of the infant 's arms and legs ) or by the environment ( e.g. , dimming the lights in the nursery ) . This Co-Regulation may be necessary to help the infant 's return to balance in situations when his/her own self-regulatory capacities are exceeded . Reproduced with permission from Als , H. Toward a synactive theory of development : Promise for the assessment of infant individuality . Infant Mental Health Journal . 1982 : ( 3 ) : 229-243 ; p. 234 . The graphic representation of the Synactive Theory above depicts the developing organism , that is , the infant , in constant interaction with the environment from within the womb to the newborn intensive care unit ( NICU ) , and the caregiving family 's support in the NICU , to the family in their home . Newborn infants are actively striving for their next steps in development , while depending upon `` good enough '' environments and care to assure progress along their developmental agenda . The Synactive Theory of Development continues to be instrumental in guiding clinicians ( e.g. , neonatologist , nurses , psychologists , developmental specialists , physical/occupational therapists , etc. ) and researchers in their understanding of the often very small steps in development that prematurely born and other high risk newborns attempt to accomplish ( which are major steps for their immature or injured brain ) . This theory gives professionals the framework and tools with which to identify the infant 's strengths , challenges and accomplishments . Such accomplishments may include breathing , sucking and swallowing in a coordinated sequence ; moving food down into and through the stomach and intestinal track instead of upwards , leading to reflux and vomiting ; looking at the caregiver and breathing at the same time , as well as many others . The Synactive Theory is the foundation of both : 1 ) the Assessment of Preterm Infants ' Behavior ( APIB ) , a standardized comprehensive newborn test , and 2 ) the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program ( NIDCAP ) , which is the care and intervention approach , that focuses on each infant 's behavioral cues ( e.g. , hand ( s ) to mouth , bracing with feet against a supporting surface ) in order to support the infant 's strengths and reduce the infant 's vulnerabilities . The infant 's family is viewed as the infant 's most important nurturer and is integrated in all care from the infant 's birth on throughout the infant 's hospitalization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8b54cfd6ab69f2fd509a8281ab05254", "text": "Parkinson's disease Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA ( levodopa ) , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day ( on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April ) and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57740e44220f7900dd1d8e8d299fefb1", "text": "Neurophysiology Neurophysiology ( from Greek νεῦρον , neuron , `` nerve '' ; φύσις , physis , `` nature , origin '' ; and - λογία , - logia , `` knowledge '' ) is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that is concerned with the study of the functioning of the nervous system . The primary tools of basic neurophysiological research include electrophysiological recordings , such as patch clamp , voltage clamp , extracellular single-unit recording and recording of local field potentials , as well as some of the methods of calcium imaging , optogenetics , and molecular biology . Neurophysiology is related to electrophysiology , neurobiology , psychology , neurology , clinical neurophysiology , neuroanatomy , cognitive science , biophysics , mathematical biology , and other sciences concerning the brain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a20ef9f45656025fa44df8d2cdd2fd16", "text": "Huntington's Disease Association The Huntington 's Disease Association ( HDA ) is a charity that supports people in England and Wales affected by the genetic neurodegenerative brain condition Huntington 's disease ( HD ) . The HDA was founded in 1986 and is based in Liverpool . It supports a network of regional care advisors who offer care and support to people with and at risk of Huntington 's disease and their families . The HDA also has a research programme that supports scientific and social research into HD . It has worked to establish and support a network of multidisciplinary clinics for HD patients in the UK . The charity was instrumental in the 2010 launch of an All-Party Parliamentary Group for Huntington 's disease in the UK Parliament , chaired by Lord Walton of Detchant , and 2010 research revealing that the prevalence of HD is much higher than previously thought . The HDA won the 2005 UK Charity Award for healthcare and medical research and the 2005 National Health Service ( NHS ) Health and Social Care Award for long term conditions . The HDA 's patrons are Patricia , Countess of Harewood , singer Tony Hadley and entertainer Shane Richie . The HDA is part of the UK HD Alliance , along with the Scottish Huntington 's Association and HD Association Northern Ireland . It is also a member of the International Huntington Alliance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd6d07046dcda5f1b5fcc83441566dc3", "text": "Neurodegeneration Neurodegeneration is the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons , including death of neurons . Many neurodegenerative diseases including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , Parkinson 's , Alzheimer 's , and Huntington 's occur as a result of neurodegenerative processes . Such diseases are incurable , resulting in progressive degeneration and/or death of neuron cells . As research progresses , many similarities appear that relate these diseases to one another on a sub-cellular level . Discovering these similarities offers hope for therapeutic advances that could ameliorate many diseases simultaneously . There are many parallels between different neurodegenerative disorders including atypical protein assemblies as well as induced cell death . Neurodegeneration can be found in many different levels of neuronal circuitry ranging from molecular to systemic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024f566d314deb42629985985a9fc162", "text": "Cortical column A cortical column , also called hypercolumn , macrocolumn , functional column or sometimes cortical module , is a group of neurons in the cortex of the brain that can be successively penetrated by a probe inserted perpendicularly to the cortical surface , and which have nearly identical receptive fields . Neurons within a minicolumn ( microcolumn ) encode similar features , whereas a hypercolumn `` denotes a unit containing a full set of values for any given set of receptive field parameters '' . A cortical module is defined as either synonymous with a hypercolumn ( Mountcastle ) or as a tissue block of multiple overlapping hypercolumns . The columnar hypothesis states that the cortex is composed of discrete , modular columns of neurons , characterized by a consistent connectivity profile . It is still unclear what precisely is meant by the term , and it does not correspond to any single structure within the cortex . It has been impossible to find a canonical microcircuit that corresponds to the cortical column , and no genetic mechanism has been deciphered that designates how to construct a column . However , the columnar organization hypothesis is currently the most widely adopted to explain the cortical processing of information .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0dd5775d73a2f9f5b1c936cb5008e5b", "text": "History of Tourette syndrome Tourette syndrome is an inherited neurological disorder with onset in childhood , characterized by the presence of multiple physical ( motor ) tics and at least one vocal ( phonic ) tic . The eponym was bestowed by Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 -- 93 ) on behalf of his resident , Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 1859 -- 1904 ) , a French physician and neurologist , who published an account of nine patients with Tourette 's in 1885 . The possibility that movement disorders , including Tourette syndrome , might have an organic origin was raised when an encephalitis epidemic from 1918 -- 1926 led to a subsequent epidemic of tic disorders . Research in 1972 advanced the argument that Tourette 's is a neurological , rather than psychological , disorder ; since the 1990s , a more neutral view of Tourette 's has emerged , in which biological vulnerability and adverse environmental events are seen to interact . Findings since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics , neuroimaging , neurophysiology , and neuropathology . Questions remain regarding how best to classify Tourette syndrome , and how closely Tourette 's is related to other movement disorders or psychiatric disorders . Good epidemiologic data is still lacking , and available treatments are not risk free and not always well tolerated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6ccdea15e266fe5f7b9a41e17fa2a1f", "text": "Hypoplasia Hypoplasia ( from Ancient Greek ὑπo - hypo - , `` under '' + πλάσις plasis , `` formation '' ; adjective form hypoplastic ) is underdevelopment or incomplete development of a tissue or organ . Although the term is not always used precisely , it properly refers to an inadequate or below-normal number of cells . Hypoplasia is similar to aplasia , but less severe . It is technically not the opposite of hyperplasia ( too many cells ) . Hypoplasia is a congenital condition , while hyperplasia generally refers to excessive cell growth later in life . ( Atrophy , the wasting away of already existing cells , is technically the direct opposite of both hyperplasia and hypertrophy . ) Hypoplasia can be present in any tissue or organ . It is descriptive of many medical conditions , including underdevelopment of organs such as : Breasts during puberty Testes in Klinefelter 's syndrome Ovaries in Fanconi anemia , gonadal dysgenesis , trisomy X Thymus in DiGeorge syndrome Labia majora in popliteal pterygium syndrome Corpus callosum , connecting the two sides of the brain , in Agenesis of the corpus callosum Cerebellum caused by mutation in the Reelin gene Tooth caused by oral pathology , such as Turner 's hypoplasia Chambers of the heart in hypoplastic left heart syndrome and hypoplastic right heart syndrome Optic nerve in optic nerve hypoplasia Sacrum in sacral agenesis Facial muscle in asymmetric crying facies Thumb from birth Lungs , often as a result of oligohydramnios during gestation or the existence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia Small bowel in coeliac disease Fingers and ears in Harlequin type ichthyosis Mandible in congenital hypothyroidism", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7aa157f2d5843f3d5e9d638ac512c3c", "text": "PBT2 PBT2 is an experimental drug candidate . It is a second-generation 8-hydroxyquinoline analog intended to be a successor to clioquinol and a potential treatment of Alzheimer 's disease and Huntington disease .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b639f4c7e6317c4abb31563ab7f4f66f", "text": "Human pathogen A human pathogen is a pathogen ( microbe or microorganism such as a virus , bacterium , prion , or fungus ) that causes disease in humans . The human physiological defense against common pathogens ( such as Pneumocystis ) is mainly the responsibility of the immune system with help by some of the body 's normal flora and fauna . However , if the immune system or `` good '' microbiota are damaged in any way ( such as by chemotherapy , human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) , or antibiotics being taken to kill other pathogens ) , pathogenic bacteria that were being held at bay can proliferate and cause harm to the host . Such cases are called opportunistic infections . Some pathogens ( such as the bacterium Yersinia pestis , which may have caused the Black Plague , the Variola virus , and the malaria protozoa ) have been responsible for massive numbers of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups . Of particular note in modern times is HIV , which is known to have infected several million humans globally , along with the influenza virus . Today , while many medical advances have been made to safeguard against infection by pathogens , through the use of vaccination , antibiotics , and fungicide , pathogens continue to threaten human life . Social advances such as food safety , hygiene , and water treatment have reduced the threat from some pathogens .", "title": "" } ]
fever
68191b28e93e90304250d60ea229241c
By 1933, the Nazi Party was the largest elected party in the German Reichstag.
[ { "docid": "e00654ca433ac8292a236fc65f44166a", "text": "Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler ( -LSB- ˈadɔlf ˈhɪtlɐ -RSB- ; 20 April 1889 -- 30 April 1945 ) was a German politician who was the leader of the Nazi Party ( Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei ; NSDAP ) , Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 , and Führer ( `` Leader '' ) of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945 . As dictator of the German Reich , he initiated World War II in Europe with the invasion of Poland in September 1939 , and was central to the Holocaust . Hitler was born in Austria , then part of Austria-Hungary , and raised near Linz . He moved to Germany in 1913 and was decorated during his service in the German Army in World War I . He joined the German Workers ' Party ( DAP ) , the precursor of the NSDAP , in 1919 and became leader of the NSDAP in 1921 . In 1923 he attempted a coup in Munich to seize power . The failed coup resulted in Hitler 's imprisonment , during which he dictated the first volume of his autobiography and political manifesto Mein Kampf ( `` My Struggle '' ) . After his release in 1924 , Hitler gained popular support by attacking the Treaty of Versailles and promoting Pan-Germanism , anti-semitism , and anti-communism with charismatic oratory and Nazi propaganda . Hitler frequently denounced international capitalism and communism as being part of a Jewish conspiracy . By 1933 , the Nazi Party was the largest elected party in the German Reichstag , which led to Hitler 's appointment as Chancellor on 30 January 1933 . Following fresh elections won by his coalition , the Reichstag passed the Enabling Act , which began the process of transforming the Weimar Republic into Nazi Germany , a one-party dictatorship based on the totalitarian and autocratic ideology of National Socialism . Hitler aimed to eliminate Jews from Germany and establish a New Order to counter what he saw as the injustice of the post-World War I international order dominated by Britain and France . His first six years in power resulted in rapid economic recovery from the Great Depression , the effective abandonment of restrictions imposed on Germany after World War I , and the annexation of territories that were home to millions of ethnic Germans -- actions which gave him significant popular support . Hitler sought Lebensraum ( `` living space '' ) for the German people in Eastern Europe . His aggressive foreign policy is considered to be the primary cause of the outbreak of World War II in Europe . He directed large-scale rearmament and on 1 September 1939 invaded Poland , resulting in British and French declarations of war on Germany . In June 1941 , Hitler ordered an invasion of the Soviet Union . By the end of 1941 German forces and the European Axis powers occupied most of Europe and North Africa . Failure to defeat the Soviets and the entry of the United States into the war forced Germany onto the defensive and it suffered a series of escalating defeats . In the final days of the war , during the Battle of Berlin in 1945 , Hitler married his long-time lover , Eva Braun . On 30 April 1945 , less than two days later , the two killed themselves to avoid capture by the Red Army , and their corpses were burned . Under Hitler 's leadership and racially motivated ideology , the Nazi regime was responsible for the genocide of at least 5.5 million Jews and millions of other victims whom he and his followers deemed Untermenschen ( `` sub-humans '' ) and socially undesirable . Hitler and the Nazi regime were also responsible for the killing of an estimated 19.3 million civilians and prisoners of war . In addition , 29 million soldiers and civilians died as a result of military action in the European Theatre of World War II . The number of civilians killed during the Second World War was unprecedented in warfare , and constitutes the deadliest conflict in human history .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a71d5578e2eef1941d25d21f9a98f820", "text": "Swiss federal election, 1935 Federal elections were held in Switzerland on 27 October 1935 . The Social Democratic Party emerged as the largest party in the National Council , winning 50 of the 187 seats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d68270436e966162ea69a39ff1f53afd", "text": "German Metal Workers' Union The German Metal Workers ' Union ( Deutscher Metallarbeiter-Verband , abbreviated DMV ) was a German industrial union for metalworkers formed in 1891 and dissolved after the Nazis ' accession to power in 1933 . German metalworkers started to organize in labor unions in 1868 . In 1891 , at a congress in Frankfurt from June 1 to June 6 , a number of separate unions joined forces to form a single federation with 23,200 members . The DMV was the first industrial union in the country . It was headquartered in Stuttgart . It took over publication of the already extant newspaper Deutsche Metall-Arbeiter-Zeitung . At first , it faced opposition from the established craft unions . Its membership reached 50,000 by 1896 , 100,000 in 1901 , and over 500,000 by 1913 . Its growth was slowed by its failure to gain recognition by employers in large plants in heavy industry until World War I. During World War I , the DMV , like the rest of the socialist labor movement , did not oppose the country 's war efforts and maintained labor peace , a policy known as the Burgfrieden . As the war effort unraveled and revolutionary struggles broke out , metalworkers rebelled as well . They were a major part of the January Strikes , though the union itself helped re-establish order . After government control collapsed in November 1918 , most leaders had to leave their posts as a result of having supported the war . Once order was restored , the DMV , which was part of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund ( ADGB ) , a confederation of socialist unions , attained recognition from employers and its membership spiked to 1.6 million in 1919 , briefly making it the single largest union in the world . It was , however , unable to attract younger workers throughout the Weimar years and its membership sank to under a million by 1928 . During the 1920s , communists from the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) had considerable influence in the DMV . After the Nazis gained power in 1933 , the DMV was banned on May 2 . Many of its leaders were imprisoned and taken to concentration camps and the union 's assets and property were seized . Some of its organizational structures were integrated into the German Labor Front ( DAF ) , the Nazi Party 's labor organization . Although the DMV opposed the Nazis , it was unable to put up meaningful resistance against their rule . After World War II , in 1949 , IG Metall was established as the new German federation for metalworkers . It continued the DMV 's tradition , but strove to maintain political neutrality , feeling that political discord in the German labor movement had contributed to the Nazis ' victory in 1933 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be1e1ccbe51bedbb83c9a763931e6bc8", "text": "Academy for German Law The Academy for German Law ( Akademie für deutsches Recht ) was an institute founded in 1933 in Nazi Germany on the initiative of Hans Frank . After 11 July 1934 , it was a public corporation of the Reich . It was financed largely by business donations . The academy 's members were prominent representatives of politics , business and academia , including Hermann Göring , Joseph Goebbels , Carl Bosch , Friedrich Flick , Carl Schmitt , and Hans Carl Nipperdey ; its presidents were Hans Frank ( 1933 -- 1943 ) and Otto Georg Thierack ( 1942 -- 1945 ) . Frank 's original goal for the academy -- influence on National Socialist legislation -- did not prevail because the ministerial bureaucracies successfully defended their prerogatives . The academy developed extensive representative and publishing activities . By holding attractive international congresses , it contributed to the reputation of the Third Reich . Its committees attempted to develop the foundations for a new NS law ( Volk Law Code ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7e99fd6e29cc0f7979f13f3b89cc6ce", "text": "Die Zeit (Prague) Die Zeit ( ` The Time ' ) was a German language daily newspaper published in Prague , Czechoslovakia from 1935 to 1938 . The newspaper was the central organ of the Sudeten German Party ( SdP ) . The first issue came out on October 1 , 1935 . Die Zeit took over the role as the central party organ from the weekly Rundschau . Walter Brand was the editor-in-chief of Die Zeit . The newspaper received funds from Germany . 250,000 Reichmark were transferred for the launch of Die Zeit , followed by a monthly subsidy of 10,000 Reichmarks . Die Zeit had an illustrated supplement , Zeitspiegel ( ` Mirror of Time ' ) . As of 1937/1938 SdP re-organized its party press . All small publishing companies were merged in two central publishing companies . On January 1 , 1938 Die Zeit , Zeitspiegel and Rundschau came under the management of the publishing company `` Pressa-Gesellschaft m. b. H. , Herausgabe und Verkauf von Zeitungen und Zeitschriften '' , at Hybernska Street 4 , Prague II . On April 1 , 1938 the weekly Die Zeit am Montag ( ` The Time on Monday ' ) was added to the publications issued by the same company . The SdP shut down its Prague HQ and Die Zeit on September 14 , 1938 . The suspension of publishing of Die Zeit was supposedly ` temporary ' . On October 4 , 1938 Die Zeit re-appeared , being published from Dresden , Germany . Once the Reichsgau Sudetenland had been established , Die Zeit became the official NSDAP daily for Sudetenland . The publishing was shifted to Reichenberg . Die Zeit was issued by R.S. Gauverlag Sudetenland G.m.b.H. between 1939-1945 . Publication continued at least until February 1945 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e507e37bcc8037ddf6bc439073718d2", "text": "Frankfurt Documents thumb | right | 200px | Members of the Frankfurt conference Frankfurt Documents were a series of documents which were an important step on the way to the founding of the Federal Republic of Germany . On July 1 , 1948 the representatives of the Western allied occupation forces handed over a number of documents to the prime ministers and two ruling mayors from the western zones of occupation , in which the recommendations were made , including establishing a West German state . The main problem of these recommendations was that they did not provide all-German solution , but only a West German state . The Frankfurt documents formed a working basis for the work on the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany . They were created at the London 6-Power Conference in early 1948 . The handover took place in the IG Farben Building in Frankfurt am Main , and the documents took the name of this town . The military governors Lucius D. Clay ( United States ) , Marie-Pierre Koenig ( France ) and Sir Brian Robertson ( UK ) issued an order establishing a western German state . Present were Peter Altmeier ( Rhineland-Palatinate ) , Karl Arnold ( North Rhine-Westphalia ) , Lawrence Bock ( Württemberg-Hohenzollern ) , Max Brauer ( Hamburg ) , Hans Ehard ( Bavaria ) , Wilhelm Kaisen ( Bremen ) , Hinrich Wilhelm Kopf ( Lower Saxony ) , Hermann Lüdemann ( Schleswig-Holstein ) , Reinhold Maier ( Württemberg-Baden ) , Christian Stock ( Hessen ) and Leo Wohleb ( Baden ) . A West German state was to be established under the following conditions : There should be a constitutional convention ( German : Verfassunggebende Versammlung , literally , `` Constituent Assembly '' ) before September 1 , 1948 , to draft a constitution shaping a federal form of government , while maintaining the rights of people and the participating states . This constitution should first be approved by the military governments , then a referendum in the countries to ratify the Constitution . The respective simple majority in two thirds of eleven West German states should be sufficient for ratification . Constitutional amendments must be approved by the military governors . The German foreign policy should continue to be controlled by the military governors in a minimum , as Ruhr questions , repairs , industrial and rights of the Allied forces . The boundaries of each state should be reviewed and it should , if necessary , taking into account of traditional forms of new countries are created , none compared to the other should be too large or too small . The Frankfurt Documents prompted the Prime Minister to hold Rittersturz Conference in Koblenz , on the resolutions that were passed . Category : Political history of Germany Category : Political conferences", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bed222125a1ee79612450c77878da7c", "text": "German federal election, 1928 Federal elections were held in Germany on 20 May 1928 . The Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) remained the largest party in the Reichstag after winning 153 of the 491 seats . Voter turnout was 75.6 % . The only two parties to gain significantly were the SPD , who polled almost a third of votes , and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) , completing a thorough victory of the left wing . However , although the SPD now had 153 seats , it still failed to gain a clear majority , resulting in another coalition government led by Hermann Müller . Following his appointment , Müller , who had already been Germany 's Chancellor for 4 months in 1920 , created a grand coalition of members of the SPD , the German Democratic Party , the Centre Party and the German People 's Party . The coalition was plagued by internal divisions right from the beginning , with each party more concerned with their self-interest than the interest of the government and eventually Müller asked President Paul von Hindenburg for emergency powers . When Hindenburg refused , Müller resigned , marking the end of the ` last genuinely democratic government of the Weimar Republic ' on 27 March 1930 . The recently-reformed Nazi Party contested the elections after the ban on the party was lifted in 1925 . However , the party received less than 3 % of the vote and won just 12 seats in the Reichstag . Adolf Hitler , who had been incarcerated in Landsberg prison for his involvement in the Beer Hall Putsch until Christmas 1924 , had concentrated on re-establishing himself as the leader of the Nazi Party following his release rather than on the party 's electability .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018dbcfea7e664482df3b8e7c00f2f93", "text": "Right-wing politics Right-wing politics hold that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable , natural , normal , or desirable , typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law , economics or tradition . Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies . The term right-wing can generally refer to `` the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system . '' The political terms Right and Left were first used during the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 99 ) , and referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament ; those who sat to the right of the chair of the parliamentary president were broadly supportive of the institutions of the monarchist Ancien Régime . The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left , and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy , tradition , and clericalism . The use of the expression la droite ( the right ) became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815 , when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists . The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms `` right '' and `` left '' to their own politics until the 20th century . Although the right-wing originated with traditional conservatives , monarchists and reactionaries , the term extreme right-wing has also been applied to movements including fascists , Nazis , and racial supremacists . From the 1830s to the 1880s , there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy , moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism . This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party , which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism . In the United States , the Right includes both economic and social conservatives . In Europe , economic conservatives are usually considered liberal , and the Right includes nationalists , nativist opposition to immigration , religious conservatives , and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with anti-capitalist sentiments including conservatives and fascists who opposed what they saw as the selfishness and excessive materialism inherent in contemporary capitalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7a14ba26dae20db26037c88ea1092a2", "text": "German Völkisch Freedom Party The German Völkisch Freedom Party ( Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei , or DVFP ) was a right-wing and anti-Jewish political party of Weimar Germany that took its name from the Völkisch movement , a populist movement focused on folklore and the German Volk . The DVFP was founded on December 16 , 1922 , when Wilhelm Henning , Reinhold Wulle and Albrecht von Graefe broke from the German National People 's Party ( DNVP ) . Leading right-wing figures such as Ernst Graf zu Reventlow , Artur Dinter and Theodor Fritsch joined the party on its foundation . Many members of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz und Trutzbund joined the DVFP after the former was banned . After the Nazi Party was banned in 1924 , the DVFP merged with many Nazis to form the National Socialist Freedom Movement , a move endorsed by Erich Ludendorff and encouraged by Graefe , who hoped to gain control of the far right as a whole . However this alliance was not a success and thus Graefe and Wulle reformed the DVFP as a rival to the Nazi Party in 1925 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8992ff9b2c9cc1c628a6b1447404e41", "text": "German resistance to Nazism German resistance to Nazism ( German : Widerstand ) was the opposition by individuals and groups in Germany to the National Socialist regime between 1933 and 1945 . Some of these engaged in active plans to remove Adolf Hitler from power and overthrow his regime . The term German resistance should not be understood as meaning that there was a united resistance movement in Germany at any time during the Nazi period , analogous to the more coordinated Polish Underground State , Greek Resistance , Yugoslav Partisans , French Resistance , Dutch Resistance , Norwegian resistance movement and Italian Resistance . The German resistance consisted of small and usually isolated groups . They were unable to mobilize political opposition . Save for individual attacks on Nazis ( including Hitler ) or sabotage acts , the only real strategy was to persuade leaders of the Wehrmacht to stage a coup against the regime : the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler was intended to trigger such a coup . Approximately 77,000 German citizens were killed for one or another form of resistance by Special Courts , courts-martial , People 's Court and the civil justice system . Many of these Germans had served in government , the military , or in civil positions , which enabled them to engage in subversion and conspiracy ; in addition the Canadian historian Peter Hoffman counts unspecified `` tens of thousands '' in concentration camps who were either suspected or actually engaged in opposition . By contrast , the German historian Hans Mommsen wrote that resistance in Germany was `` resistance without the people '' and that the number of those Germans engaged in resistance to the Nazi regime was very small . The resistance in Germany included German citizens of non-German ethnicity , such as members of the Polish minority who formed resistance groups like Olimp .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7556b50747b1b3633015d2549868c999", "text": "Freies Volk Freies Volk ( ` Free People ' ) was a newspaper published daily from Düsseldorf , West Germany 1949-1956 . Freies Volk was printed at Freier Verlag GmbH , Ackerstrasse 114 . The first issue of Freies Volk was published on January 3 , 1949 . Freies Volk replaced Die Freiheit , an organ of the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) in Düsseldorf that had been banned in October 1948 , following sharp criticisms against the Allied occupation powers . Freies Volk carried the by-line ` People 's Newspaper for the Rhine-Westphalian Industrial Region ' . On September 1 , 1949 Freies Volk became the central organ of the Communist Party . At the time it had a circulation of 80,000 . Hugo Erlich was named as the editor in chief of Freies Volk . Publication of Freies Volk was suspended by the Allied occupation authorities in August 1950 , following the article `` Now It 's Tanks and Poison Gas instead of Cigarettes | Bonn as Go-Between in US Arms Trade '' . Publication of the newspaper was resumed in November 1950 . In 1951 Franz Ahrens became the editor in chief of Freies Volk . In mid-1954 Fritz Bäsel was appointed editor in chief of the newspaper . Soon thereafter he was replaced by Max Schäfer , a key ideologue of the party . Schäfer remained in that post until the party was banned . By 1955 the daily circulation had decreased to 48,000 . After the ban of the Communist Party on August 17 , 1956 , Freies Volk continued publication as an illegal weekly organ of the now underground party . As of 1970 Freies Volk was still being published , albeit irregularly and being edited and printed outside of West Germany .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f6cc544bd2d7ee9406a7b91087f27c8", "text": "The Republicans (Germany) The Republicans ( Die Republikaner , REP ) is a national conservative political party in Germany . The primary plank of the program is opposition to immigration . The party tends to attract protest voters who think that the Christian Democratic Union ( CDU ) and the Christian Social Union of Bavaria ( CSU ) are not sufficiently conservative . It was founded in 1983 by former CSU members Franz Handlos and Ekkehard Voigt , and Franz Schönhuber was the party 's leader from 1985 to 1994 . The party has since been led by Rolf Schlierer . The Republicans had seats in the European Parliament in the 1980s , and in the parliament of the German state of Baden-Württemberg until 2001 . The German Federal Office for the Protection of the Constitution between 1992 and 2006 said that the Republicans were a `` party with partially extreme-right tendencies '' although the Republican leadership did rebuff an electoral alliance with more openly extreme-right parties such as the National Democratic Party of Germany , losing members to these more successful parties . The Republicans ' strongholds tended to be in relatively affluent South Germany rather than the more economically depressed Eastern Germany where the more radical right-wing parties tended to do well . In the 2013 federal elections , the Republicans received 0.2 percent of the total national vote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bfa05c0fd59b40a477a1c73705a5838", "text": "German Party (1947) The German Party ( Deutsche Partei , DP ) was a Conservative political party in West Germany during the post-war years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fdcbffce2b4140a744874cfafe1553fe", "text": "Georg Escherich Georg Escherich ( born 4 January 1870 in Schwandorf - died 26 August 1941 in Munich ) was a German politician , representative of the Bavarian People 's Party . By profession he was a forester . In 1919 he became head of the Bavarian Einwohnerwehren , anti-communist home guard groups set up by General Ludwig Maercker . The following year Escherich organised his supporters into the ` Orgesch ' ( from ` Organisation Escherich ) , an anti-Semitic paramilitary group . This new group quickly established links with the Heimwehr in Austria and gave weapons to the units commanded by Richard Steidle and Walter Pfrimer . Escherich was a close ally of Rudolf Kanzler , the leader of ` Orka ' , who was also close to the Heimwehr . The Orgesch was disarmed and disbanded on the orders of the Allies in 1921 as part of wider moves against the private armies that had sprouted up in Germany since the armistice . He returned in 1928 by founding a Bavarian Heimatschutz , a name also used by the Styrian Heimwehr of his ally Pfrimer , although this group was less significant due to the growth on the right of militia such as the Sturmabteilung and the Stahlhelm , Bund der Frontsoldaten , and was disbanded in 1933 when Adolf Hitler took power .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e9217881dd217df8a3c02997a3e1b4", "text": "Burgfriedenspolitik Burgfriedenspolitik ( -LSB- ˈbʊʁkfʁiːdn̩s.poliˌtiːk -RSB- ) -- literally `` castle peace politics '' but more accurately a political policy of `` party truce '' -- is a German term used for the political truce the Social Democratic Party of Germany and the other political parties agreed to during World War I . The trade unions refrained from striking , the SPD voted for war credits in the Reichstag and the parties agreed not to criticize the government and its war . There were several reasons for the Burgfrieden politics : the Social Democrats believed it was their patriotic duty to support the government in war ; they were afraid of government repression should they protest against the war ; they feared living under an autocratic Russian Czar more than the German constitutional monarchy and its Kaiser ; and they hoped to achieve political reforms after the war , including the abrogation of the inequitable three-class voting system , by cooperating with the government . The only member of parliament of any party to vote against war credits in the second session was Karl Liebknecht . In the third session on 20 March 1915 , Otto Rühle joined him . Over the course of the war the number of SPD politicians opposed to the war steadily increased . Their resistance against the Burgfrieden politics led to the expulsion of Liebknecht , Rosa Luxemburg , Clara Zetkin , and others from the SPD . These went on to found the Spartacist League , the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany ( USPD ) , and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) . The only trade union to refuse the Burgfrieden was the Free Association of German Trade Unions ( FVdG ) , which would later become the Free Workers ' Union of Germany ( FAUD ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cdfe296ded34c54e8d7303aac7fbfca1", "text": "Memel Agricultural Party Memel Agricultural Party or MLP ( Memelländische Landwirtschaftspartei ) was the largest and most influential pro-German political party in the Klaipėda Region ( Memel Territory ) from 1925 to 1934 . Leaders of the party were Heinrich Conrad , Konrad von Dressler and James Gubba . Together with the Memel People 's Party , the party was established on June 13 , 1925 , by the Memel Cultural Union ( Memelländischer Kultubund ) in preparation for the first elections to the local county councils and the Parliament of the Klaipėda Region . The party represented farmers , war veterans , fishermen , and some clerks . It published Memel Rundschau , Lietuviška ceitunga , Memeler Dampfboot and controlled several agricultural and credit institutions , including Agraria , Landschaftsbank , Vereinsbank , and Raiffeisenbank . MLP was able to offer discounts to its members and thus gained significant influence in the region . In May 1926 , the party won three seats ( out of 85 ) in the Third Seimas of Lithuania ( August Mielbrecht , Johann Schuischel and Georg Waschkies ) . After the Nazi seizure of power in Germany in 1933 , MLP became increasingly right-wing and encouraged its members to join the pro-Nazi Socialist National Community ( Sozialistische Volksgemeinschaft or SOVOG ) . For their anti-Lithuanian activities SOVOG and MLP were outlawed in 1934 . Some of MLP members were arrested and tried in the Neumann -- Sass case . The party ceased its activities ; its former members ran in later elections under the unified German list ( Memelländische Einheitsliste in 1935 and Memeldeutsche Einheitsliste in 1938 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ea0b155ad456aa931d5fd92fbc5f127", "text": "Free Society of Teutonia The Free Society of Teutonia was one of the earliest National Socialist organizations to appear in America . It was a German American organization that was associated with a strong support for Nazism . The Society was formed in 1924 by four German immigrants , including Nazi Party members Fritz and Peter Gissibl and their brother Andrew . The organization was originally led by German immigrant and non-citizen Fritz Gissibl , who made his headquarters in Chicago and from there it set about recruiting ethnic Germans who supported German nationalist aims . The Teutonia Society initially functioned as a club , but soon raised a group of militants based on the SA and , with membership increasing , became vocal critics of Jews , communism and the Treaty of Versailles . Alongside this however it retained a social function , with Teutonia Society meetings frequently ending up in heavy beer drinking sessions . The group changed its name to the Nationalistic Society of Teutonia in 1926 , at which point Peter Gissibil was advising members to also seek Nazi Party membership . The group gained a strong , if fairly small following , and was able to establish units in Milwaukee , St. Louis , Missouri , Detroit , New York City , Cincinnati and Newark , New Jersey The group 's treasurer was Fritz Gissibil , who was also the main Nazi Party representative in the United States and who regularly collected money for the Nazis through the Society . A `` thank you '' letter from Adolf Hitler to the Society would cause a stir during the Second World War when the Gissibil brothers were brought to trial following an FBI investigation . The group accepted Hitler as its titular leader and members adopted the Nazi salute , the Society changed its name again in October 1932 to become the Friends of the Hitler Movement . Under orders of German immigrant and German Nazi Party member Heinz Spanknöbel , the Society was dissolved in March 1933 . In May 1933 , Nazi Deputy Führer Rudolf Hess gave Heinz Spanknöbel authority to form an American Nazi organization . Shortly thereafter , with help from the German consul in New York City , Spanknöbel created the Friends of New Germany by merging two older organizations in the United States , Gau-USA and the Free Society of Teutonia , which were both small groups with only a few hundred members each . The Friends of New Germany in turn formed the basis of the German American Bund in 1936 , the latter name being chosen to emphasise the group 's American credentials after press criticism that the Society was unpatriotic . One of the leaders of the Teutonia Society was Walter Kappe . Kappe ( b. 1904 ) arrived in the United States in 1925 and worked in a farm implement factory in Kankakee , Illinois . Later he moved to Chicago and began to write for German language newspapers . Kappe was fluent in English and later became the press secretary for the German American Bund . He founded their paper Deutscher Weckruf und Beobachter and its predecessor Deutsche Zeitung . In 1936 , when the German American Bund was established , Kappe organized the AV Publishing Company and five other Bund corporations . Fritz Kuhn ousted Kappe from his position in the Bund seeing him as a dangerous rival . In 1937 , Kappe returned to Germany , where he was attached to Abwehr II ( the sabotage branch of German intelligence ) where he obtained a Naval commission with the rank of lieutenant . He was designated by Adolf Hitler to launch a sabotage operation against America shortly after the attack on Pearl Harbor . Known as Operation Pastorius , Kappe recruited men for the mission by reviewing records from the Ausland Institute ( German Foreign Institute ) of those who were paid to return to Germany from America . He established a sabotage school on the outskirts of Berlin to train the new recruits . Once the sabotage network was established and transferred to America , Kappe planned to slip into the US with a new identity and direct operations . On June 13 , 1942 , Richard Quirin , George John Dasch , Heinrich Harm Heinck and Ernst Peter Burger landed on a beach near Amagansett , Long Island , New York on a U-boat . A similar group landed on Ponte Vedra Beach , near Jacksonville , Florida on June 17 , 1942 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2c7caa8b493d81943681233db24428a", "text": "Franz Ritter von Epp Franz Xaver Ritter von Epp , from 1916 Ritter von Epp , ( 16 October 1868 -- 31 January 1947 ) Epp 's death date is often erroneously given as 31 December 1946 . According to Lilla , Staatsminister , this error was replicated from the widely cited Neue Deutsche Biographie . The correct date , 31 January 1947 , is confirmed by Epp 's death certificate in the civil registry of Munich . was a German general and politician , who had started his military career in the Bavarian Army . Succeeded and merited military service during war brought him a knighthood in 1916 . After the armistice of Germany and dissolution of Empire , von Epp was a commanding officer in Freikorps and Reichswehr . He was member of Bavarian People 's Party before joining with Nazi Party in 1928 , when he got elected as a member of German parliament , Reichstag , to the position he held until the end of Third Reich . He acted as Reichskommissar , later Reichsstatthalter , for Bavaria in 1933 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "472bdc0af1e76a52909ffa2533d99e27", "text": "Alfred Hugenberg Alfred Ernst Christian Alexander Hugenberg ( 19 June 1865 -- 12 March 1951 ) was an influential German businessman and politician . A leading figure in nationalist politics in Germany for the first few decades of the twentieth century , he became the country 's leading media proprietor during the inter-war period . As leader of the German National People 's Party he was instrumental in helping Adolf Hitler become Chancellor of Germany and served in his first cabinet in 1933 , hoping to control Hitler and use him as his `` tool . '' Those plans backfired , and by the end of 1933 Hugenberg had been pushed to the sidelines . Although Hugenberg continued to serve as a `` guest '' member of the Reichstag until 1945 , he wielded no political influence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b09399687f2132817dd962c485a79fa", "text": "National Socialist Workers' Party (Sweden) Nationalsocialistiska Arbetarpartiet ( National Socialist Workers ' Party ) was a Swedish political party which initially espoused Nazism before adopting a more indigenous form of Fascism . The party was formed in 1933 by Sven Olof Lindholm after he split from the Swedish National Socialist Party , following a series of clashes over policy and personality . The party initially acted as a simple mirror of the National Socialist German Workers Party , with the party newspaper Den Svenske Nationalsocialisten repeating what was being said in Nazi Germany and the Nordisk Ungdom ( Nordic Youth ) group serving as a replica of the Hitler Youth ( albeit on a smaller scale ) . The swastika was also initially used as the party emblem . The NSAP did differ from the German model from the beginning however , as they placed strong emphasis on the anti-capitalist nature of their rhetoric . The party 's emphasis on the socialism of their Nazism led many to label them Strasserite , although they avoided the direct criticism of Adolf Hitler that was forming the bulk of the writings of Otto Strasser by the mid-1930s . The party continued to move away from the Hitler model and largely abandoned their ties to Germany in favour of a more Swedish model . In 1938 they stopped using the swastika and replaced it with Vasakärven ( the Vasa sheaf ) , an old Swedish emblem used by King Gustav II Adolf . By the end of the year the party had changed its name to Svensk Socialistisk Samling ( Swedish Socialist Unity ) and had largely dropped all but passing reference to the Nazis . Nonetheless the party declined dramatically during the Second World War and was formally dissolved in 1950 . In 1943 , the party 's national congress in Uppsala caused the Easter Riots to break out . During the war its most notable member was later IKEA founder Ingvar Kamprad . The party was one of the earliest to claim that no Holocaust happened , as soon as in May 1945 in Den Svenske Folksocialisten .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5aa4f44df1af4739c5e54e295200064", "text": "Conservative People's Party (Germany) The Conservative People 's Party ( Konservative Volkspartei , KVP ) was a short-lived German political party of the moderate right . It broke away from the German National People 's Party ( DNVP ) in the late 1920s as a result of that party 's increasing radicalization under the leadership of Alfred Hugenberg . Its leading figures were Kuno von Westarp , Hugenberg 's predecessor as chairman of the DNVP , and Gottfried Treviranus , who would serve in the cabinet of Heinrich Brüning from 1930 to 1932 . It was unable to make any significant breakthrough in the subsequent elections . The party did not take part in the 1932 parliamentary elections ( 1930 : 0.8 % ) and ceased to be politically active before the NSDAP outlawed all other parties in Germany and established a dictatorship .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b3106b0586a59d3c4a4334c6f478ad7c
Emma Thompson is an actress.
[ { "docid": "831ca77fd0720eb3e66b92f9651a69b6", "text": "Emma Thompson Emma Thompson ( born 15 April 1959 ) is a British actress , activist , author , comedienne and screenwriter . Born in London to English actor Eric Thompson and Scottish actress Phyllida Law , Thompson was educated at Newnham College , University of Cambridge , where she became a member of the Footlights troupe . After appearing in several comedy programmes , she first came to prominence in 1987 in two BBC TV series , Tutti Frutti and Fortunes of War , winning the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress for her work in both series . Her first film role was in the 1989 romantic comedy The Tall Guy , and in the early 1990s she frequently collaborated with her then husband , actor and director Kenneth Branagh . The pair became popular in the British media and co-starred in several films , including Dead Again ( 1991 ) and Much Ado About Nothing ( 1993 ) . In 1992 , Thompson won an Academy Award and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress for the period drama Howards End . In 1993 , she garnered dual Academy Award nominations for her roles in The Remains of the Day as the housekeeper of a grand household and In the Name of the Father as a lawyer . Thompson scripted and starred in Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) , which earned her ( among other awards ) an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress . Other notable film and television credits include : the Harry Potter film series , Wit ( 2001 ) , Love Actually ( 2003 ) , Angels in America ( 2003 ) , Nanny McPhee ( 2005 ) , Stranger than Fiction ( 2006 ) , Last Chance Harvey ( 2008 ) , Men in Black 3 ( 2012 ) , Brave ( 2012 ) and Beauty and the Beast ( 2017 ) . In 2013 , she received acclaim and several award nominations for her portrayal of P. L. Travers in Saving Mr. Banks . Thompson is married to actor Greg Wise , with whom she lives in London . They have one daughter and an adopted son . She is an activist in the areas of human rights and environmentalism and has received criticism for her outspokenness . She has written two books adapted from The Tale of Peter Rabbit .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5e14714de441afa5d00e9fd8913936d0", "text": "Naomi Thompson Naomi Thompson is a singer . In the early-to-late 1980s , she worked with Caron Wheeler and Claudia Fontaine under the name Afrodiziak , which recorded for Haysi Fantayzee on their track The Sabres Of Paradise , backup vocals on Elvis Costello 's 1983 international hit `` Everyday I Write the Book '' , The Specials ' song Free Nelson Mandela , Heaven 17 's songs Sunset Now , `` The Fuse '' , `` Reputation '' and ... ( And That 's No Lie ) , on Madness ' songs `` Michael Caine '' and `` The Sweetest Girl '' and Howard Jones ' songs `` Things Can Only Get Better '' and `` Life in One Day '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ab1cc6c8cd486b978defa8f8146ab71", "text": "Emma E. Hickox Emma E. Hickox A.C.E ( neè Burford ; born 11 April 1964 ) is a successful British film editor based in LA and London . A member of American Cinema Editors , Hickox has worked as a features and TV editor since the early 1990s . She has a varied and versatile resume from comedies , drama 's and musicals , including large Hollywood films such as Bad Moms featuring Mila Kunis , Rock of Ages featuring Tom Cruise , and smaller independent films such as Becoming Jane with Anne Hathaway and ` The Boat That Rocked ' from Richard Curtis with Philip Seymour Hoffman . She is a founding member of the British Independent Film Awards with the Debut Directors award given in her fathers name , ` The Douglas Hickox Award ' . Hickox is the daughter of Academy Award winning film editor Anne V. Coates , and Douglas Hickox ( died 1988 ) , a cult British film director . John Coates , her uncle , was a film and TV producer for ( Yellow Submarine & The Snowman ) . She is married with two daughter and has two brothers , and a sister . Emma is represented by Wayne Fitterman at WME in Los Angeles , and Lynda Mamy of United Agents in London", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08ec67fce471f227f46add74885f3d31", "text": "Harriet Thorpe Harriet Amelia Thorpe ( born 8 June 1957 ) is an English actress . She trained at London 's Central School of Speech and Drama . She is known for her roles in the British sitcoms , The Brittas Empire ( 1991 -- 97 ) and Absolutely Fabulous ( 1992 -- 2012 ) . She has also starred in the West End musicals , Cabaret ( 2006 ) , Wicked ( 2008 ) and Mamma Mia ! ( 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e26120f93ee61329cd62fece4acc4ead", "text": "Emma Greenwell Emma Greenwell ( born January 14 , 1989 ) is an American actress who was born in the United States but was raised in London from a very young age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "822232a4366e8eda1eb75903d5c0195b", "text": "Jade Thompson Jade Louise Thompson ( born 22 January 1991 ) is an English model , and winner of Britain & Ireland 's Next Top Model Cycle 7 formerly titled Britain 's Next Top Model .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fbf36d1192f2405c5a95db8f56ad8b7", "text": "Adult Life Skills Adult Life Skills ( formerly known as ` How To Live Yours ' ) is a 2016 British comedy film , funded by Creative England , and is the feature debut for writer director Rachel Tunnard . It is the feature-length version of BAFTA nominated short , Emotional Fusebox , which premiered at the London Film Festival in 2014 . The story of a 29-year-old , Anna ( portrayed by Jodie Whittaker ) has moved into her mum 's shed and is refusing to move out after the death of her twin brother . The film premiered at the 2016 Tribeca Film Festival in April 2016 , winning one of the top awards - the Nora Ephron prize for best female director . The film releases in UK cinemas on 24 June 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b9ea952122a38637a3566e4f76960f2", "text": "Iain Blair Iain Blair ( 12 August 1942 -- 3 July 2011 ) was a Scottish actor and author who , using the pen name Emma Blair wrote a series of romantic novels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4579b90a27326e8256b2e60b0d8dff1", "text": "Emma Barton Emma Louise Barton ( born 26 July 1977 in Portsmouth , England ) is an English actress . She played Honey Mitchell in EastEnders from November 2005 to September 2008 , and on a temporary basis during 2014 . Barton returned full-time in late 2015 . Before her role in EastEnders , Barton appeared in Spooks and on stage in plays including Grease , Loveshack and Thoroughly Modern Millie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90b3fc5a4c33ff63432bfbe81c62d95e", "text": "Emma Kaye Emma Kaye is the founder and CEO of a full funded startup venture called Bozza . Emma has a number of seminal ( and enduring ) business and industry ventures to her name , and attained multiple professional accolades and leading-light endorsements in the course of a steadily evolving , outwardly mercurial-seeming career spanning only 15 years . She draws attention to the strong business underpinning of her work , pointing out that her involvement has twice had the result of giving sustainable business direction and African brand equity to a highly charged , emerging sector .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3ef3da66cf4cfb71a26a882a0795591", "text": "The Last Days of Emma Blank The Last Days of Emma Blank ( De laatste dagen van Emma Blank ) is a 2009 Dutch comedy film directed by Alex van Warmerdam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602", "text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a77d7d86f878860e7129fb40a404019b", "text": "The Vicar of Dibley The Vicar of Dibley is a British sitcom which originally ran on BBC One from 10 November 1994 to 22 January 1998 ( with three sets of specials in the Winters of 1999/2000 , 2004/5 and 2006/7 ) . It is set in a fictional small Oxfordshire village called Dibley , which is assigned a female vicar following the 1992 changes in the Church of England that permitted the ordination of women . In ratings terms , the programme is among the most successful in the digital era , with the various Christmas and New Year specials in 1999 , 2004 , 2005 , 2006 and 2007 all entering the top 10 programmes of the year . The Vicar of Dibley received multiple British Comedy Awards ( including a Best TV Comedy Actress Award for Emma Chambers ) , two International Emmys , and was a multiple British Academy Television Awards nominee . In 2004 , it placed third in a BBC poll of Britain 's Best Sitcom . The series has also done six charity special shorts , for Comic Relief , the most recent in 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b1996531079243b2232cb68563406d5", "text": "Shelley Thompson Shelley Thompson is a Canadian actress best known for her character Barbara Lahey on the hit Canadian mockumentary program Trailer Park Boys . Born in Calgary , Alberta , Shelley trained at RADA in London , and worked for many years in the UK . She played roles in London 's West End and at the Royal National Theatre , as well as leading roles in regional theatres . She was a regular in BBC radio drama during her time in Britain , and recorded dozens of audio books -- titles including work by Margaret Atwood and Jane Smiley . She played Rita in the family series , Mike and Angelo for six years , and made guest appearances on Drop The Dead Donkey , EastEnders and Chelworth . She also played the role of Sarah 's stepmother Irene in Jim Henson 's 1986 fantasy epic Labyrinth . She 's appeared in eleven seasons of Trailer Park Boys , both specials , and the Feature Film . Since returning to Canada , her work has included season at the Atlantic Theatre Festival ( Ariel in the Tempest and Viola in Twelfth Night ) , work at the Neptune Theatre , The Prairie Theatre Exchange , The Globe Theatre , Regina , and Festival Antigonish . Since 2012 , she 's been shifting focus to stage and screenwriting and directing . Her plays include plays A Kind of Faith ( produced 2004 ) Leaving Wonderland ( Premiered Halifax , 2015 ) , children 's plays Bluenose Billy ( 2006 , co-written with Sheldon Currie and Griffen Prize-winning poet Anne Simpson ) , Belinda the Bicycle Witch ( 2008 ) , Lost and Found ( 2009 ) , ... And How Are We Today ( co-written with poet Anne Simpson ) . Recently seen on stage in : A Good Death , Be My Baby , Criminal Genius . Her poetry has been a finalist in the Atlantic Writing Competition , and has appeared in literary journals Toward the Light and Papirmasse , and on the CBC website . Short stories have been included in anthologies and broadcast in collaboration with The Blue Engine String Quartet on CBC Radio - Christmas 2010 and 2011 . Presently shifting to writing/directing for film , she has just finished her first narrative short , DAWG ( Festivals include the Atlantic Film Festival , The San Diego International Kids Film Festival , Nickle Film festival NFL and more ... ) Presently : working on features ( Dawn Her Dad and the Tractor , Billy , Dash and Dawg , and The Benefit . In 2015 she was a resident at the Canadian Film Centre , Toronto , as a screenwriter , and in 2016 was invited to be one of eight Women In the Directors Chair ( 2017 ) . Thompson is a counsellor with ACTRA Maritimes , chair of the Women 's Committee , and a keen advocate for LGBTQ issues . Awards include : ACTRA Maritimes winner for ( short ) Two Penny Road-Kill 2013 , Best Supporting Actress , LA 's Love Unlimited Festival , 2011 for ( short ) WAKE , and Gemini , 2008 , Best Ensemble , as Barb Lahey , for Trailer Park Boys . Merritt Award - Best Actress in a Leading Role - for Glorious . Several Stage nominations for : Humble Boy -- Flora , Criminal Genius -- Shirley , Tamara ( Dora ) -- Aelis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cbab51c486d544e54a4248c4053885d", "text": "Imagining Argentina (film) Imagining Argentina is a 2003 drama historical film written and directed by Christopher Hampton and starring Antonio Banderas , Emma Thompson , Leticia Dolera and Rubén Blades . It is based on the award-winning homonymous novel by Lawrence Thornton . It was nominated for the Golden Lion at the 2003 Venice Film Festival . The film , centered on a couple living through the ominous last military dictatorship in Argentina ( 1976-1983 ) , depicts graphic images of suffering , such as rape and torture . The closing caption states that around 30,000 Argentines disappeared during the beginning and end of the regime .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c46b4f2c0eac540ac73cfa310e17c7d0", "text": "Emma B Emma Louise Boughton ( born 27 November 1970 in Oxford , Oxfordshire ) , better known as Emma B , is a radio presenter in the UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acc69919d57575a6e992d81318f6bb4f", "text": "Emma Baker Emma Baker is a television journalist and presenter employed by ITV Tyne Tees & Border . Baker is currently working on the current affairs programme , Border Life , based in Edinburgh . She occasionally relief presents regional news programmes ITV News Tyne Tees and Lookaround . Previously , she was a news presenter and reporter for ITV News Anglia on ITV Anglia where she was based in Cambridgeshire and Norfolk . Emma Baker is fluent in French and German , having studied modern languages at Cambridge University . During this time , she spent a year working for The Independent and the BBC in Paris . Baker grew up on a dairy and arable farm in Kent .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c7df1045307bc02657bcc5260acadd", "text": "Emma award Emma award can refer to : The Finnish musical award ceremony , Emma-gaala . EMMA ( Ethnic Multicultural Media Awards ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47eb8e38dfe3c0bfb0faf56b44688d20", "text": "Emma Fuhrmann Emma Fuhrmann ( born September 15 , 2001 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles as Finnegan O'Neil in The Magic of Belle Isle ( 2012 ) with Morgan Freeman and Virginia Madsen , and Espn Friedman in Blended ( 2014 ) with Adam Sandler and Drew Barrymore .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2", "text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca4c281ad624d1fe30680417356fb779", "text": "Anna Thompson Anna Thompson may refer to : Anna Thompson ( athlete ) ( born 1976 ) , Australian runner Anna Thompson ( netball player ) ( born 1986 ) , New Zealand netball player Anna Levine ( born 1953 ) , American actress , also credited as Anna Levine Thompson", "title": "" } ]
fever
0b8b8cef33986aa2ecfa72f59b16f66c
Shah Rukh Khan has only appeared in African films.
[ { "docid": "f3bce031dbd9117fd0a3973df2bb4e2d", "text": "Baazigar Baazigar ( Gambler ) is a 1993 Indian crime thriller film directed by Abbas -- Mustan starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in the lead roles . It is a contemporary thriller about a young man who stops at nothing to get what he wants . This was Shah Rukh Khan 's breakthrough role as the sole lead and Kajol 's first commercial success . Actress Shilpa Shetty was supposed to debut with Gaata Rahe Mera Dil , however , it remained unreleased and this was her debut movie . Baazigar was the first film in which Shah Rukh Khan played the role of an anti-hero and the first which earned Khan a Filmfare Award for Best Actor . Initially Salman Khan was the choice to play the lead . Baazigar was a major commercial success at its release and the first film of the famous Shahrukh Khan-Kajol pair . It was remade in Tamil as Samrat with Ramki ; in Telugu as Vetagaadu with Rajasekhar ; and in Kannada as Nagarahavu with Upendra . The film brought actors Shah Rukh Khan , Kajol , Shilpa Shetty and composer Anu Malik to the limelight . It is an adaptation of the movie A Kiss Before Dying .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8b8be75ab510a9ed46865a6e6e935bd", "text": "Darr Darr : A Violent Love Story ( डर , `` Fear '' ) is a 1993 Indian psychological thriller directed by Yash Chopra under the banner of Yash Raj Films . It stars Sunny Deol , Juhi Chawla and Shah Rukh Khan in the pivotal roles . In the film , Shah Rukh Khan played the role of an obsessive lover . The film was well received by critics and audiences , earning the film and its actors accolades , it was declared `` Blockbuster '' at the domestic as well as overseas box office . It has attained classic status over the years and is regarded as one of Chopra 's best . Darr was later remade in Kannada as Preethse .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b3df8a9c13993c766559a3ab3617614", "text": "Shah Rukh Khan Shah Rukh Khan ( born Shahrukh Khan ; 2 November 1965 ) , also known as SRK , is an Indian film actor , producer and television personality . Referred to in the media as the `` Baadshah of Bollywood '' , `` King of Bollywood '' or `` King Khan '' , he has appeared in more than 80 Bollywood films , and earned numerous accolades , including 14 Filmfare Awards . Khan has a significant following in Asia and the Indian diaspora worldwide . In terms of audience size and income , he has been described as one of the most successful film stars in the world . Khan began his career with appearances in several television series in the late 1980s . He made his Bollywood debut in 1992 with Deewana . Early in his career , Khan was recognised for portraying villainous roles in the films Darr ( 1993 ) , Baazigar ( 1993 ) and Anjaam ( 1994 ) . He then rose to prominence after starring in a series of romantic films , including Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge ( 1995 ) , Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , Kuch Kuch Hota Hai ( 1998 ) , Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham ... ( 2001 ) . He earned critical acclaim for his portrayal of an alcoholic in Devdas ( 2002 ) , a NASA scientist in Swades ( 2004 ) , a hockey coach in Chak De ! India ( 2007 ) and a man with Asperger syndrome in My Name Is Khan ( 2010 ) . His highest-grossing films include the comedies Chennai Express ( 2013 ) and Happy New Year ( 2014 ) . Many of his films display themes of Indian national identity and connections with diaspora communities , or gender , racial , social and religious differences and grievances . For his contributions to film , the Government of India honoured him with the Padma Shri , and the Government of France awarded him both the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres and the Légion d'honneur . As of 2015 , Khan is co-chairman of the motion picture production company Red Chillies Entertainment and its subsidiaries , and is the co-owner of the Indian Premier League cricket team Kolkata Knight Riders . He is a frequent television presenter and stage show performer . The media often label him as `` Brand SRK '' because of his many endorsement and entrepreneurship ventures . Khan 's philanthropic endeavours have provided health care and disaster relief , and he was honoured with UNESCO 's Pyramide con Marni award in 2011 for his support of children 's education . He regularly features in listings of the most influential people in Indian culture , and in 2008 , Newsweek named him one of their fifty most powerful people in the world .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e68d1ddf8b84f748fbc3de0d44141d8c", "text": "African Film Festival of Cordoba The African Film Festival of Cordoba ( formerly African Film Festival of Tarifa or FCAT ) is an annual festival devoted to African cinema held in the Spanish city of Cordoba . It is organized by the NGO Al Tarab . The event was founded in 2004 under the name of the African Film Showcase of Tarifa and changed its name to African Film Festival of Tarifa in 2007 . Since 2012 , it is known as the Cordoba African Film Festival-FCAT ( Córdoba is the new host city ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e511e85df049d41bdaca9981e16cf53", "text": "Alik Sukh Alik Sukh ( English : Unreal Happiness ) is a 2013 Indian Bengali psychological thriller drama film directed by the duo Shiboprosad Mukherjee and Nandita Roy , starring Debshankar Haldar , Rituparna Sengupta and Sohini Sengupta in the lead roles . It released on 19 July 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17e92db553be1d1964f791fc5f1041cc", "text": "Shah Behram (film) Shah Behram ( Punjabi : ) is a 1985 Pakistani Punjabi language action film . directed by Kaifee and produced by K. Hussain . Film starring actor Mohammad Ali in the lead role and with Sultan Rahi , Mustafa Qureshi as the villains with Afzaal Ahmad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed10a7343f69ae5b8ab0622a71d0c453", "text": "Dil Deke Dekho Dil Deke Dekho , a 1959 Indian Hindi romantic comedy film , was Nasir Hussain 's second film as director . His first directorial venture was Tumsa Nahin Dekha ( 1957 ) , which became a big hit and which gave star Shammi Kapoor a new image as a comedic , dancing hero . Husain and Kapoor reteamed here . Asha Parekh , a former child actress , made her film debut as a heroine . This was also the debut film of comedian Rajendranath ( younger brother of Premnath . ) This is also music composer Usha Khanna 's first film . The film became a hit at the box office . Husain , Kapoor , and Parekh would reteam again for Teesri Manzil ( 1966 ) , which also became a big hit . Husain would also cast Parekh as his leading lady in five other films . Shammi Kapoor had said that he had initially wanted Waheeda Rehman to play his leading lady in the film , but the producer had already signed Asha Parekh , and he encouraged her during filming . The film was released on Asha 's 17th birthday .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72c997d2eb91338a69f12da0e3bcaab4", "text": "Clerk (1989 film) Clerk is a Hindi movie , which was released in 1989 . The film was written , produced , directed by and starred Manoj Kumar alongside an ensemble cast including Rekha , Anita Raj , Shashi Kapoor , Rajendra Kumar , Ashok Kumar , Prem Chopra , Sonu Walia as well as Pakistani actors Mohammed Ali and Zeba in their first and only Hindi film appearance . The film did not do well at the box office and was Manoj Kumar 's last film featuring him in the leading role . After this film he made one last film appearance playing a small part in Maidan-E-Jung in 1995 . This movie has , over the years , been ridiculed for its awful direction and editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8daa11e8c1aef991f2ead19db5a66ad8", "text": "One 2 Ka 4 One 2 Ka 4 ( वन टू का फ़ोर , One times 2 is 4 ) is an Indian action crime drama film directed by Shashilal K. Nair . The film stars Shah Rukh Khan , Juhi Chawla and Jackie Shroff . The score and soundtrack were composed by A.R.Rahman . This film is now owned by Shah Rukh Khan 's Red Chillies Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a23820162853d49fc9d52fd9822ca8c", "text": "Cinema of Africa African cinema is film production in Africa . It dates back to the early 20th century , when film reels were the primary cinematic technology in use . The Nigerian film industry is the largest in Africa in terms of value , number of annual films , revenue and popularity . It is also the second and third largest national film industry in the world , based on the number of annual films and revenue respectively .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ad5633346f578251bed02710052509d", "text": "Cinema of Kenya The cinema of Kenya refers to the film industry of Kenya . Although a very small industry in western comparison , Kenya has produced or been a location for film since the early 1950s when Men Against the Sun was filmed in 1952 . Although , in the United States , jungle epics that were set in the country were shot in Hollywood as early as the 1940s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f83ad050b137c03061bcee2ac89545c", "text": "Rukhsar Rehman Rukhsar Rehman is an Indian film and television actress . Rehman made her film debut in 1992 at the age of 17 with a lead role in Deepak Anand 's Yaad Rakhegi Duniya opposite Aditya Pancholi and also appeared in J.K. Bihari 's Inteha Pyar Ki opposite Rishi Kapoor . However , at the request of her father , she left her career and moved back to her hometown Rampur in Uttar Pradesh to start a garment business . In 2005 , she returned to acting with Ram Gopal Verma 's crime drama D , in which she played Randeep Hooda 's girlfriend . She also featured in Verma 's Sarkar the same year . In 2008 , she appeared in Rumi Jaffery 's God Tussi Great Ho as Salman Khan 's sister . In 2009 , she starred in The Stoneman Murders alongside Kay Kay Menon . Film critic Taran Adarsh in his review for the film called her a `` complete natural '' . She also had supporting roles in Benny and Babloo ( 2010 ) , Knock Out ( 2010 ) , Allah Ke Banday ( 2010 ) , Shaitan ( 2011 ) and PK ( 2014 ) . In television , she has featured in Sony Entertainment Television 's medical drama Kuch Toh Log Kahenge ( 2011-13 ) as Dr. Mallika and in Life OK 's Tumhari Paakhi ( 2013-14 ) as Lavanya . After her divorce in 1998 from Syed Asad Ahmed , She got married again to filmmaker Faruk Kabir in 23 March 2010 . Rehman have two children from her first marriage , Elder son Adil Ahmed and younger daughter Aisha Ahmed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0e41628256ec0e3ec866f65601a7cd", "text": "List of accolades received by Haider (film) Haider is a 2014 Indian crime-drama film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj , and produced by Bhardwaj and Siddharth Roy Kapur . The film stars Shahid Kapoor as the eponymous protagonist , and co-stars Tabu , Kay Kay Menon , Shraddha Kapoor , and Irrfan Khan . Bhardwaj wrote the dialogues for the film , and co-wrote the screenplay with Basharat Peer . Bhardwaj also composed the music and Gulzar wrote the lyrics . The film is a modern-day adaptation of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Hamlet , and tells the story of Haider who searches for his missing father during the Kashmir conflict of 1995 . Produced on a budget of , Haider was released on 2 October 2014 , and grossed worldwide . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , performances of Shahid Kapoor and Tabu , music and production design . As of June 2015 , the film has won 36 awards . At the 62nd National Film Awards , Haider earned five awards , more than any other film at the ceremony , including Best Music Direction and Best Screenplay ( Dialogues ) ( both Bhardwaj ) . Haider also won five awards at the 60th Filmfare Awards ceremony , including Best Actor ( Shahid Kapoor ) , Best Supporting Actor ( Menon ) , and Best Supporting Actress ( Tabu ) . It also received nominations for Best Film and Best Director at the ceremony . At the 2015 Screen Awards , Haider received nominations for Best Film and Best Director , and won five awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress . Haider also won nine awards at the 16th ceremony of the International Indian Film Academy Awards , including Best Actor and Best Supporting Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffc2e0eb10a49c0dc753b86cde56960e", "text": "Sahara International Film Festival The Sahara International Film Festival , also known as FiSahara , is an annual event which takes place in the Sahrawi refugee camps , at the South West corner of Algeria , near the border with Western Sahara . It is the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first three years the festival was held alternately in the Wilaya of Smara , Wilaya of Ausserd and Wilaya of El Aaiun , but since 2007 the FiSahara had stayed in the Wilaya of Dakhla . The event is backed by the Polisario Front , but largely organised and funded by donors from Spain , the former colonial power in Western Sahara , attracting support from Spanish film celebrities as Penélope Cruz , Javier Bardem and Pedro Almodóvar . This Festival is an initiative to bring film as an entertainment and cultural form to the thousands of Sahrawis whose community has lived for more than thirty years in relative isolation in the Algerian desert , being the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first festival was in large part organised by Peruvian film director Javier Corcuera . The festival has the two-fold aim of providing cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees , and of raising awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people , who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades . Western Sahara , `` Africa 's last colony , '' was given to Morocco and Mauritania by the Spanish when they withdrew in 1976 . The Moroccans subsequently annexed the entire territory in 1979 , in defiance of a ruling from the International Court of Justice . A sixteen-year war ensued between the Moroccans and the native Sahrawi independence movement , the Polisario Front . Under the terms of a 1991 UN ceasefire agreement , a referendum for self-determination was promised , but has been blocked by Morocco . In the meantime an estimated 165,000 refugees continue to live in four large camps in the inhospitable Algerian desert . Home to around 30,000 refugees , Dakhla is the most remote of the camps , located 175 km away from the nearest city , Tindouf . It has no electricity or paved roads and is dependent on outside supplies of food and water . Musicians like Fermín Muguruza , Manu Chao , Macaco , Iván Ferreiro , El Chojin or Tomasito had also performed in concerts during the festival . In 2010 , a twinning agreement was signed between the FiSahara and the San Sebastian Human Rights Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1421d7d717d0cf1cd6b725f2bf5f51b", "text": "Shaheen Khan Shaheen Khan , also credited as Sandhya , is an Indian film actress , who has appeared in Tamil , Kannada and Telugu films . She played the role of Sandhya in three consecutive films in different languages . She also has played the role of Simi in Bhaji on the Beach , a 1993 comedy drama film directed by Gurinder Chadha . She has also appeared in music videos for Shankar Mahadevan . Shaheen has also worked as a model with Fair and Lovely .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "206835f069d1be9fd86c15df0f8ed1d4", "text": "Akshay Kumar Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia ( born 9 September 1967 ) , better known by his stage name Akshay Kumar , is an Indian-born actor who works in Bollywood films . Kumar is also a producer and martial artist who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Kumar has Canadian citizenship . Kumar won the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Rustom and he has been nominated for Filmfare Awards several times , winning it two times . Box Office India listed Kumar as one of the most successful actors in the history of Indian cinema . In February 2013 , many media outlets reported that the net box-office collection of Kumar 's films had crossed and he was the first and the only Bollywood actor to do so . Having done so , he has established himself as a leading contemporary actor of Hindi cinema . When he began his acting career in the 1990s , he primarily starred in action films and was known for his appearances in films of the `` Khiladi series '' as well as other action films such as Waqt Hamara Hai ( 1993 ) , Mohra ( 1994 ) , Elaan ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Sapoot ( 1996 ) , Jaanwar ( 1999 ) . Later , Kumar also gained fame for his drama , romance , action and comic roles . His performances in romance films like Yeh Dillagi ( 1994 ) , Dhadkan ( 2000 ) , Andaaz ( 2003 ) and Namastey London ( 2007 ) , as well as drama films such as Waqt : The Race Against Time ( 2005 ) . His comic performances in comedy films such as Hera Pheri ( 2000 ) , Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , Garam Masala ( 2005 ) , Bhagam Bhag ( 2006 ) , Bhool Bhulaiyaa ( 2007 ) , and Singh Is Kinng ( 2008 ) met with acclaim . In 2007 , he starred in four consecutive commercially successful films . Kumar hit a rough patch since 2009 to 2011 but came back with two successes , Housefull 2 ( 2012 ) and Rowdy Rathore ( 2012 ) with both of them grossing over . His other films like OMG ( 2012 ) , Special 26 ( 2012 ) , Holiday ( 2014 ) and Gabbar Is Back ( 2015 ) were highly successful critically and commercially . From January 2016 to February 2017 , he starred in four Rs 100-crore plus earner in a row with films Airlift ( 2016 ) , Housefull 3 ( 2016 ) , Rustom ( 2016 ) and Jolly LLB 2 ( 2017 ) . Apart from acting , Kumar has also worked as a stunt actor ; he has often performed many dangerous stunts in his films , which has earned him the sobriquet `` Indian Jackie Chan '' . In 2008 , he hosted the show Fear Factor -- Khatron Ke Khiladi . The next year , he founded the Hari Om Entertainment production company . In 2012 , he founded another production company called Grazing Goat Pictures . In 2014 , Kumar launched TV realty show Dare 2 Dance . He also owns the team Khalsa Warriors in the World Kabaddi League . In 2015 , Kumar was ranked 9th in Forbes ' first global list of highest-paid actors in the world . In 2008 , the University of Windsor conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Kumar in recognition of his contribution to Indian cinema . The following year he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India . In 2011 , The Asian Awards honoured Kumar for his outstanding achievement in Cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44963b23eba3e3610588bfa7a2c16c33", "text": "Yusuf Khan (actor) Yusuf Khan , popularly known as Zebisko from Amar Akbar Anthony , was a well-known Indian character actor in Hindi language films . Although , Khan acted in 34 films and remained popular as a rather sympathetic villain through the 1970s and 1980s with films like Amar Akbar Anthony ( 1977 ) , Muqaddar Ka Sikandar ( 1978 ) and Disco Dancer ( 1982 ) . , he is mostly remembered for his role of Zebisko , the bodyguard of Parveen Babi 's character in Manmohan Desai 's blockbuster Amar Akbar Anthony ( 1977 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6f43cb456cb2b896e3710032ca5f358", "text": "Shaan Shahid Armaghan Shahid ( born 27 April 1971 ) , better known by his stage name Shaan Shahid , or Shaan is a Pakistani actor , writer , model , and film director . With his career spanning more than two decades with over 500 films , Shaan has established himself as one of the most popular leading actors of Pakistan . Shaan started his acting career in 1990 by making debut in Javed Fazli 's film Bulandi opposite to Reema Khan . He has won many awards in Pakistan including one Pride of Performance , four National Film Awards , fifteen Nigar Awards , five Lux Style Awards , one Pakistan Media Award , ARY Film Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb0778bb5b943eff22b119a07795b463", "text": "Cowboy (2013 film) Cowboy is a 2013 Malayalam thriller film directed by P. Balachandrakumar starring Asif Ali , Khushboo and master Pankaj Krrishna in lead roles while Bala and Saikumar play the main antagonists and Mythili , Jagathy Sreekumar , Anoop Chandran and Indrans play supporting roles . The film is produced by K. Anil Mathew and music is done by Benny Ignatious and background score is by Rajamani . The film is inspired by the 1995 Hollywood thriller Nick of Time ( film ) . Although the original film was a superhit , cowboy received mostly good reviews and was a flop at the box office . The film released on 15 February 2013 . It is also inspired from the superhit bollywood movie Baadshah ( 1999 film ) starring Shah Rukh Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8488952459285216674ddeed8af13c3", "text": "Akele Hum Akele Tum Akele Hum Akele Tum ( English : I 'm Just Alone , So Are You ) is a 1995 Indian Hindi-language musical drama romance film . It stars Aamir Khan , Manisha Koirala and Master Adil , and was directed by Mansoor Khan . The music is by Anu Malik and the lyrics are by Majrooh Sultanpuri . This movie is a remake of Kannada film Ee Bandha Anubandha ( 1987 ) starring Shankar Nag . The film was dubbed in Malayalam as Thaane Thaniye .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f", "text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea6deeac29ffb6040df3a220b87be0af", "text": "Sansar (1987 film) Sansar ( World ) is an Indian Bollywood domestic drama film directed by T. Rama Rao and starring Anupam Kher , Rekha and Raj Babbar in the lead roles . The other cast members included Aruna Irani , Archana Joglekar , Shekhar Suman , Priyanka , Chandrashekhar , Shafi Inamdar , Ajinkya Deo , Dinesh Hingoo and Seema Deo . The film was a remake of Tamil film Samsaram Adhu Minsaram .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6a7c8fb890d54d26ac7de72abff4afd", "text": "Paheli Paheli ( Devanagari : पहेली , Riddle ) is a Bollywood fantasy film , which released in India on 24 June 2005 . It is a remake of the 1973 Hindi movie Duvidha . It was directed by Amol Palekar and produced by Juhi Chawla , Aziz Mirza , Sanjiv Chawla and Shah Rukh Khan , who also plays the male lead . Paheli is based on the short story written by Vijayadan Detha in Rajasthani language and tells the story of a wife ( Rani Mukerji ) who is left by her husband ( Shah Rukh Khan ) and visited by a ghost , disguised as her husband , who is in love with her and takes her husband 's place . Sunil Shetty , Juhi Chawla , Rajpal Yadav and Amitabh Bachchan have supporting roles in the film . The story has been previously adapted into film , Duvidha ( 1973 ) by Mani Kaul . The movie opened the ninth Zimbabwe International Film Festival at the Libertie Cinema Complex in Harare . It was also screened at both the Sundance Film Festival and the Palm Springs International Film Festival . The working title of the movie was Ghost Ka Dost ( translates to Friend of a Ghost ) . Paheli was India 's official entry to the 2006 Oscars .", "title": "" } ]
fever
dfdb8f34fd0364367af289ab803134a0
Star Wars is an epic space opera novel.
[ { "docid": "096dce038c2d75359ebbb97c62b9d4c4", "text": "Star Wars Star Wars is an American epic space opera franchise , centered on a film series created by George Lucas . It depicts the adventures of various characters `` a long time ago in a galaxy far , far away '' . The franchise began in 1977 with the release of the film Star Wars ( later subtitled Episode IV : A New Hope in 1981 ) , which became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon . It was followed by the successful sequels The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) ; these three films constitute the original Star Wars trilogy . A prequel trilogy was released between 1999 and 2005 , which received mixed reactions from both critics and fans . A sequel trilogy began in 2015 with the release of Star Wars : The Force Awakens . All seven films were nominated for Academy Awards ( with wins going to the first two films ) and have been commercial successes , with a combined box office revenue of over $ 7.5 billion , making Star Wars the third highest-grossing film series . Spin-off films include the animated Star Wars : The Clone Wars ( 2008 ) and Rogue One ( 2016 ) , the latter of which is the first in an upcoming series of anthology films . The series has spawned an extensive media franchise including books , television series , computer and video games , and comic books , all of which take place within the same continuity as the films , resulting in significant development of the series 's fictional universe , with the non-canonical works falling under the defunct Star Wars Legends label . Star Wars also holds a Guinness World Records title for the `` Most successful film merchandising franchise . In 2015 , the total value of the Star Wars franchise was estimated at USD $ 42 billion , making Star Wars the second highest-grossing media franchise of all time . In 2012 , The Walt Disney Company bought Lucasfilm for $ 4.06 billion and earned the distribution rights to all subsequent Star Wars films , beginning with the release of The Force Awakens in 2015 . The former distributor , 20th Century Fox , retains the physical distribution rights for the first two Star Wars trilogies , owns permanent rights for the original 1977 film and continues to hold the rights for the prequel trilogy and the first two sequels to A New Hope until May 2020 . Walt Disney Studios owns digital distribution rights to all the Star Wars films , excluding A New Hope .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "196d3e4144ee18199571b6dafb2b3e31", "text": "Star Wars Roleplaying Game (Wizards of the Coast) The Star Wars Roleplaying Game is a d20 System roleplaying game set in the Star Wars universe . The game was written by Bill Slavicsek , Andy Collins and JD Wiker and published by Wizards of the Coast in late 2000 and revised in 2002 . In 2007 , Wizards released the Saga Edition of the game , which made major changes in an effort to streamline the rules system . The game covers three major eras coinciding with major events in the Star Wars universe , namely the Rise of the Empire , the Galactic Civil War , and the time of the New Jedi Order . An earlier but unrelated Star Wars role-playing game was published by West End Games between 1987 and 1999 . Bill Slavicsek was one of the designers of that former game as well . This game from Wizards of the Coast is currently out of print . The current official Star Wars role-playing game is the game of same title published by Fantasy Flight Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b808050607e34c4e896f89618f12caa", "text": "The Skylark of Space The Skylark of Space is a science fiction novel by American writer Edward E. `` Doc '' Smith , written between 1915 and 1921 while Smith was working on his doctorate . Though the original idea for the novel was Smith 's , he co-wrote the first part of the novel with Lee Hawkins Garby , the wife of his college classmate and later neighbor Carl Garby . The novel starts as an edisonade , but turns into a space travel adventure when the characters goes into deep space . The Skylark of Space is considered to be one of the earliest novels of interstellar travel and the first example of space opera . Originally serialized in 1928 in the magazine Amazing Stories , it was first published in book form in 1946 by the Buffalo Book Co. . The novel was followed by three sequels , beginning with Skylark Three .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffd39964af48440a4168d54d8333cba5", "text": "Star Wars: Rebel Assault Star Wars : Rebel Assault is a rail shooter video game developed and published by LucasArts for DOS , Apple Macintosh , Sega CD and 3DO Interactive Multiplayer systems , set in the Star Wars universe . Released in 1993 , it is the first CD-ROM-only game to be published by LucasArts . The game 's story focuses on a young pilot called Rookie One as he/she is trained by , and subsequently fights for , the Rebel Alliance in the Galactic Civil War . The game features digitized footage and music from the original movies ( although most of the original footage is replaced by CGI rendered sequences ) , and full speech . Rebel Assault is one of the oldest titles to make use of extensive full motion video ( FMV ) on the PC . The video was used to display pre-rendered 3D graphics that were far ahead of what a contemporary PC could render in real-time . Developers pre-rendered various environments and battles and the player flew through these environments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5925352a9df2b2a8c09746b720c46b89", "text": "Survivor's Quest Survivor 's Quest is a novel set in the Star Wars expanded universe , published by Del Rey on February 1 , 2004 . Written by Timothy Zahn , it is a sequel to Zahn 's 1998 Star Wars novel Vision of the Future .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8dfb07a10c2652670b4a310685e1edc0", "text": "Star Tours Star Tours was a motion simulator attraction at several Disney theme parks , based on the successful Star Wars film series created by George Lucas . Set in the Star Wars universe , the attraction sent guests on a excursion trip to Endor , whilst being caught in an altercation between the Rebel Alliance and the Galactic Empire . The attraction featured Captain `` Rex '' RX-24 along with series regulars R2-D2 and C-3PO . At its debut at Disneyland in 1987 , it was the first attraction based originally on a non-Disney licensed intellectual property . The first incarnation of the ride appeared in Tomorrowland at Disneyland in 1987 , replacing the previous attraction , Adventure Thru Inner Space . The attraction had subsequent openings at Tokyo Disneyland , Disney 's Hollywood Studios , and Disneyland Paris . The attraction at Disneyland and Disney 's Hollywood Studios closed in 2010 to allow conversion for its successor attraction , Star Tours -- The Adventures Continue . The latter location was completed on May 20 , 2011 . Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Paris closed their versions for conversion in 2012 and 2016 , marking the original ride 's final run of 29 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58032852e8180530f7c9865bdd1d84aa", "text": "Slave Ship (Jeter novel) Slave Ship is the second book in The Bounty Hunter Wars trilogy of books in the Star Wars expanded universe . It was written by K. W. Jeter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "736706b9b70769e015cecd61e8a7b180", "text": "Star Wars Episode I: Obi-Wan's Adventures Star Wars Episode I : Obi-Wan 's Adventures is a video game that chronicles the events of the film Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace from the character Obi-Wan Kenobi 's perspective . It is the result of an agreement made in 2000 between the two video game publishers LucasArts and THQ . The agreement allows THQ to turn LucasArts licenses into games for the hand held console Game Boy Color , the first being Obi-Wan 's Adventures . THQ published the game and HotGen developed it . It was released on November 27 , 2000 . The story of Obi-Wan 's Adventures is set in the middle of a conflict in the Galactic Republic ; the antagonistic Trade Federation and the evil Sith Lord are planning to take control of the galaxy . In the game , the player operates the character Obi-Wan Kenobi as he fights the forces of the Trade Federation which culminates in a battle against Darth Maul . His weapons include a lightsaber , a blaster , and use of the Force . Since its release , Obi-Wan 's Adventures has received mixed reviews . The game has been criticized for its visuals and controls , but praised for its sound design and creative levels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25ce53c40d72a80148a87383745c597e", "text": "Imperial Stars The Imperial Stars is a science fiction novel by Stephen Goldin expanded from a novella by E. E. `` Doc '' Smith . It is the first in a series of ten Family D'Alembert novels set in a future where humankind has expanded to the stars but reverted to an ancient feudal system of government in an advanced technological setting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b", "text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea76b2d825921812864226e0dde5ba0b", "text": "Star Wars Action News Star Wars Action News is a podcast that describes itself as `` the first and only podcast dedicated to Star Wars collecting . '' The show is hosted by Arnie and Marjorie Carvalho , a married couple from Illinois , who were described by Lucasfilm as `` some of the biggest Star Wars collectors in the world '' . Regular segments include reports of the latest Star Wars merchandise available in stores and online , reviews of Star Wars comics and novels , and an Ebay item of the Week focusing on weird Star Wars items , such as a chicken nugget shaped like Jabba the Hutt . One of the most popular segments is the weekly destruction of a classic `` Star Wars '' collectible . The show also reviews high-end collectibles , such as Master Replicas and Gentle Giant items . The show regularly has ongoing series including `` Collecting 101 '' series which provides a basic overview of being a Star Wars collector including what to buy and how to care for a collection , and `` 30 years of Collecting '' which reviewed an item released each year from 1977 through 2007 . There have also been interviews on the show with many Star Wars personalities such as Samuel L. Jackson and Steve Sansweet , Robot Chicken creators Seth Green and Matthew Senreich , and various Star Wars authors including Alan Dean Foster , Donald F. Glut , James Kahn , L. Neil Smith , Troy Denning , Aaron Allston , Karen Traviss , James Luceno , and Timothy Zahn . Musician Richard Cheese was also interviewed discussing his rendition of the Imperial March . The show has covered New York Toy Fair from 2007 through 2010 , San Diego Comic Con from 2006 to 2010 as well as Star Wars Celebration IV in 2007 , Star Wars Celebration Europe in 2007 , Star Wars Celebration Japan in 2008 , and Star Wars Celebration 5 in 2010 . The hosts performed a live show in 2009 at San Diego Comic Con on the Kotobukiya Stage where they interviewed Steve Sansweet , Robot Chicken writers Dan Milano , Doug Goldstein , and Mike Fasolo , authors Gus Lopez and Duncan Jenkins , as well as several representatives from Star Wars collectible manufacturers . In addition , the hosts have performed several panels at various conventions across the United States including Pittsburgh ComicCon , Star Wars Celebration 4 , and Star Wars Celebration 5 . Star Wars Action News also has several spin-off podcasts , including Republic Forces Radio Network where a panel of hosts review each episode of the Clone Wars animated series , and The Star Wars Action News Book Club reviewing all the Star Wars novels released . This podcast was featured on G4 's Attack of the Show segment Blog Watch on June 11 , 2007 as well as in the film documentary The Force Among Us . The show had a featured article in the book Star Wars Super Collector 's Wish Book : Identification & Values by Geoffrey T. Carlton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e345e9c92eabe63b41a9bb876fd72404", "text": "Star Wars and Other Galactic Funk Star Wars and Other Galactic Funk is a disco album by Meco released in 1977 . The album uses various musical themes from the Star Wars soundtrack arranged as instrumental disco music . A single from the album , `` Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band '' , reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 on October 1 , 1977 , holding to that position for two weeks . The album was released on compact disc with two additional versions of the single .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f83c9bcd2fcb2e65b3c3c51d09d972fb", "text": "Jedi Academy trilogy The Jedi Academy trilogy is a trilogy of science fiction novels set in the Star Wars expanded universe . Written by Kevin J. Anderson , the plot takes place around seven years after the events of Return of the Jedi , in 11 ABY . The series chronicles Luke Skywalker 's early attempts to rebuild the Jedi Order after the defeat of the Emperor . Some of the events in the trilogy are retold from a different perspective in I , Jedi by Michael A. Stackpole .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a", "text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae880f779babc36e7dcc4490867782ce", "text": "Naboo Naboo is a planet in the fictional Star Wars universe with a mostly green terrain and which is the homeworld of two societies : the Gungans who dwell in underwater cities and the humans who live in colonies on the surface . Humans of Naboo have an electoral monarchy and maintain a peaceful culture that defends education , the arts , environmental protection and scientific achievements . The main capital of Naboo is Theed . Located in the Chommell sector , Naboo is the home planet of Padmé Amidala and Jar Jar Binks , as well as Senator ( later Supreme Chancellor and then Emperor ) Palpatine . In Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace , it was the site of a blockade by the Trade Federation and the Battle of Naboo between the Federation and the native inhabitants . Naboo is seen in four films in the Star Wars series , having a prominent role in the first two prequels and glimpsed briefly in Revenge of the Sith and the 2004 DVD release of Return of the Jedi . Theed 's architecture , while referencing Ancient Rome and other classical traditions , was heavily inspired by the Frank Lloyd Wright-designed Marin County Civic Center in California . ( Skywalker Ranch and Industrial Light & Magic are both based in Marin County . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "340a95fdab018bfb327e9e7be22be638", "text": "Super Star Wars Super Star Wars is a 1992 video game for the Super NES based on the 1977 film Star Wars . It is the SNES equivalent of the Star Wars NES game . Super Star Wars features mostly run and gun gameplay , although it has stages which feature other challenges , such as driving a landspeeder or piloting an X-wing . It also features multiple playable characters with different abilities . The game was followed by two sequels based on the subsequent Star Wars films , Super Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back and Super Star Wars : Return of the Jedi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5faedcd6f5fa0b6864782866d8747d4", "text": "Star Wars: Empire at War Star Wars : Empire at War is a 2006 real-time strategy video game developed by Petroglyph Games and published by LucasArts . Set between Episode III and Episode IV , it focuses on the fledgling struggle between the Empire and the Rebels . It uses Petroglyph 's game engine Alamo . In October 2006 , an expansion titled Star Wars : Empire at War : Forces of Corruption was released . As of May 31 , 2014 , online functionality , including network multiplayer and wireless chat is no longer available due to Glu Mobile purchasing GameSpy and shutting down all game servers . .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79a9574516df62a968439a6f11b4de93", "text": "Legacy of the Force The Legacy of the Force is a series of nine science fiction novels set in the Star Wars expanded universe , taking place approximately 40 years after the events of Star Wars Episode IV : A New Hope ( in Star Wars chronology , from 40 ABY to 41 ABY ) . The series was written by Troy Denning , Aaron Allston and Karen Traviss in an alternating cycle . The series contains a mix of hardcover and paperback releases . The plan was to allow each author to write one hardcover novel and two paperbacks , with the first , middle ( fifth ) , and final ( ninth ) novels being the hardcover releases , and the other novels being in paperback . An abridged audiobook version of each story was released concurrently with each book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4d63d8d887c064c3e348c952adb7dd7", "text": "List of Star Wars species (K–O) This is a list of Star Wars species , containing the names of fictional sentient species from the Star Wars franchise beginning with the letters K through O. Star Wars is an American epic space opera film series created by George Lucas . The first film in the series , Star Wars , was released on May 25 , 1977 and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon , followed by five sequels and three prequels . Many species of alien creatures ( often humanoid ) are depicted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9fd12f62f267028d846d0657855516e3", "text": "Skylark (series) Skylark is a science fiction/space opera series by American writer E. E. Smith . In the first book , The Skylark of Space ( first published in Amazing Stories in 1928 ) , a scientist discovers a space-drive , builds a starship , and flies off with three companions to encounter alien civilizations and fight a larger-than-life villain . The Skylark of Space was the first of a series which continued through three subsequent books -- Skylark Three and Skylark of Valeron written during the 1930s , and Skylark DuQuesne , written in 1963 . R. D. Mullen declared that `` The great success of the stories was surely due first of all to the skill with which Smith mixed elements of the spy thriller and the western story ( our hero is the fastest gun in space , our villain the second fastest ) with those of the traditional cosmic voyage . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7bd9ced23d9988ebf3e2e3e2f84167b", "text": "Star Bridge Star Bridge is a science fiction novel by American authors Jack Williamson and James E. Gunn . It was published in 1955 by Gnome Press in an edition of 5,000 copies . However , 900 copies were never bound . It was also issued in paperback by Ace ( D-169 , 1955 , 35 cents , and F-241 , 40 cents ) and reissued by Berkley Books in 1977 and by Ballantine Books in 1982 ( with minor typographic errors ) . Williamson initially wrote about 50 pages in manuscript for the first draft , and worked up about 150 pages of notes for the novel 's completion . Finding himself `` blocked '' on the project , he turned his materials over to Gunn , who completed the book . It was sold to Gnome for a $ 500 advance . It is an adventure story in the classic Williamson tradition , woven with a reflection about the relative importance of impersonal forces and individuals in the events of history .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b704f88b781e0b685335146aecc2df77
Zootopia was an animated film made by Disney.
[ { "docid": "02b376c092c91b7570b37a6fb814c0cc", "text": "Zootopia Zootopia ( known as Zootropolis in some territories ) is a 2016 American 3D computer-animated buddy comedy-adventure film produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . It is the 55th Disney animated feature film . The film was directed by Byron Howard and Rich Moore , co-directed by Jared Bush , and stars the voices of Ginnifer Goodwin , Jason Bateman , Idris Elba , Jenny Slate , Nate Torrence , Bonnie Hunt , Don Lake , Tommy Chong , J. K. Simmons , Octavia Spencer , Alan Tudyk , and Shakira . The film details the unlikely partnership between a rabbit police officer and a red fox con artist as they uncover a conspiracy involving the disappearance of savage predator inhabitants of a mammalian metropolis . Zootopia premiered at the Brussels Animation Film Festival in Belgium on February 13 , 2016 , and went into general theatrical release in conventional 2D , Disney Digital 3-D , RealD 3D , and IMAX 3D formats in the United States on March 4 . The film received wide critical acclaim . It opened to a record-breaking box office success in several countries and earned a worldwide gross of over $ 1 billion , making it the fourth highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 28th highest-grossing film of all time . The film was chosen by the American Film Institute as one of the top ten films of 2016 , and won the Academy Award , Golden Globe , Critics ' Choice Movie Award and Annie Award for Best Animated Feature Film , as well as receiving a nomination for the BAFTA Award for Best Animated Film .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9a2e0419c7e485db8231b8366684e334", "text": "Swing Symphony `` Swing Symphony '' is a group of musical 14 cartoon shorts , created in 1941 till 1945 , which often featured top boogie-woogie musicians . Directed by the Swing Symphony cartoons are a more contemporary pastiche on Disney 's Silly Symphonies . Some of those short include the characters Woody Woodpecker and Andy Panda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26b859d4706b58417dc115d2e4afc627", "text": "List of local children's television series (United States) The following is a list of local children 's television shows in the United States . These were locally produced commercial television programming intended for the child audience with unique hosts and themes . This type of programming began in the late 1940s and continued into the late 1970s ; some shows continued into the 1990s . Author Tim Hollis documented about 1,400 local children 's shows in a 2002 book , Hi There , Boys and Girls ! The television programs typically aired in the weekday mornings before school or afternoons after school as well as on weekends ( to a lesser degree ) . There were different formats . Almost all shows had a colorful host who assumed a persona such as a cowboy/cowgirl , captain/skipper/commodore / admiral , jungle explorer , astronaut , king , princess , clown , sheriff/deputy/trooper , cop , firefighter , hobo/tramp , railroad engineer , magician , `` cousin '' , `` grandfather '' or `` uncle '' , whose role was not only to be the `` DJ '' for syndicated material ( typically cartoons , although westerns were more popular earlier on ) but also to entertain , often with a live television studio audience of kids , during breaks . Early program fare included cartoon favorites such as Koko the Clown , Daffy Duck , Crusader Rabbit , Dick Tracy , Popeye , Bugs Bunny , Rocky and Bullwinkle , Casper the Friendly Ghost , Mighty Mouse , Porky Pig , Deputy Dawg , Tin Tin , Mel-O-Toons , Woody Woodpecker , The Funny Company , Mr. Magoo , Space Angel and Clutch Cargo as well as movie shorts such as Laurel and Hardy , Our Gang/The Little Rascals and The Three Stooges and animated versions of Laurel and Hardy , Abbott and Costello and The Three Stooges and live action shorts such as Diver Dan . Some included educational segments like the portraits of wildlife in Nature 's Window .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c55946cb5e2c927325225c0f1bf1878", "text": "The Haunted House (1929 film) The Haunted House , or simply Haunted House , is a 1929 animated short film produced by Walt Disney Productions and distributed by Celebrity Productions . The film follows Mickey Mouse trapped in a haunted house and forced to play music . It was directed by Walt Disney who also provided the voice of Mickey ; Ub Iwerks was the primary animator and Carl Stalling wrote the original music . The Haunted House borrowed animation from Disney 's first Silly Symphony , The Skeleton Dance , which was released earlier in 1929 . The Haunted House was Mickey 's first cartoon with a horror theme and led the way to later films such as The Gorilla Mystery ( 1930 ) , The Mad Doctor ( 1933 ) , Lonesome Ghosts ( 1937 ) , and Runaway Brain ( 1995 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47f57b31c1a71a8f286028806197e7fe", "text": "Disney's Animated Storybook: 101 Dalmatians Disney 's Animated Storybook : 101 Dalmatians is the sixth entry in the Disney 's Animated Storybook point-and-click adventure interactive storybook PC game series , based on theatrical and home video releases . This game was based on the Disney franchise of One Hundred and One Dalmatians , which began with the 1961 film of the same name . Like that movie , the plot of the game sees villain and fashionista Cruella de Vil steal a series of dalmatian puppies from married couple Roger and Anita and their pets Pongo and Perdita , who then attempt to rescue them back . The game was developed by Media Station and published by Disney Interactive . It was released on March 18 , 1997 . The game is the only Animated Storybook title based on a Walt Disney Animation Studios film that was made before the Disney Renaissance ( ignoring the two Winnie the Pooh-based titles ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2c167832a97ddec1fdab8d7a51479dd", "text": "The Gnome-Mobile The Gnome-Mobile is a 1967 Walt Disney Productions comedy-fantasy film directed by Robert Stevenson . It was one of the last films personally produced by Walt Disney . It was based on a 1936 book by Upton Sinclair titled The Gnomobile . Walter Brennan plays a dual role as D.J. Mulrooney , the kind-hearted lumber tycoon of Irish descent ; and as the irascible 943-year-old gnome Knobby . The children , Elizabeth and Rodney , were played by Karen Dotrice and Matthew Garber , familiar from their roles as Jane and Michael Banks in Mary Poppins . Tom Lowell who plays the young gnome Jasper in this movie , also appeared in the 1965 Disney film That Darn Cat ! as Canoe , the befuddled surfer boyfriend of Hayley Mills . The Gnome-Mobile was both Matthew Garber and Ed Wynn 's last movie role . Wynn died of throat cancer before the movie was released and Garber died ten years later , having contracted hepatitis while visiting India . Richard and Robert Sherman contributed the song `` Gnome Mobile . '' The Gnome-Mobile was re-released theatrically on November 5 , 1976 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b1f1261c01e84532611fe7d12cd4c2b", "text": "Zoobles! Zoobles ! is a miniature figure toyline created by Spin Master . The toyline is considered a spinoff of the Bakugan toyline and was originally released in August 2010 in the United States , consisting of a wide variety of sphere shaped animal creatures that could close into a ball and , when placed on a magnetic card or their `` Happitat , '' open up into a unique figure . The success of the franchise resulted in the worldwide release of the Spin Master toyline , including Japan , where it is licensed by the Japanese toy division of Sega and has spun one Japanese-Korean Animated series and a Nintendo DS game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22", "text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7a7f016af4df04e83ccb300d1d924da", "text": "Zoo di Pistoia Zoo di Pistoia is a Zoo and Amusement park in Pistoia , Tuscany , Italy , created in 1970 with an area of 75,000 square metres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa", "text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bf49f4fd331ffb611d4eb8ae0520a0f", "text": "Walt Disney World Dolphin The Walt Disney World Dolphin is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney 's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida , next to Disney 's BoardWalk Resort area . It opened on June 1 , 1990 and is joined to its sister hotel , the Walt Disney World Swan ( also designed by Graves ) by a palm-tree lined covered walkway crossing a lagoon . The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company , Tishman Hotel Corporation , MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts . The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company , while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife but operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Sheraton Hotels brand . The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts ; because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only . The Dolphin and Swan share similar elements , but each has a distinctive appearance . The Dolphin is composed of a 257 ft tall triangular tower bisecting a 12-story rectangular mass with four 9-story wings on the Swan-side of the structure . The roof of each half of the main mass is adorned with a 56 ft tall Dolphin statue . On the main colored facade there is a turquoise banana-leaf pattern echoed by a similar wave pattern on the Swan . The statues on top of the Dolphin hotel are not mammalian dolphins , but a stylized version of a nautical dolphin , a common symbol used on old world nautical maps . The design of the creatures is based on Triton Fountain in Rome . In 2008 , The Walt Disney Dolphin Resort was awarded a One Palm Designation through the Florida Green Lodging Program established by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection . The Florida Green Lodging Program is a voluntary state initiative that provides the lodging industry with free technical assistance , encouraging hotels and motels to adopt cost-saving `` green '' practices that reduce waste , conserve natural resources and improve the bottom line .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5eb2faf688d2bc896dd479902dc004", "text": "Warner Bros. Cartoons Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. was the in-house division of Warner Bros. . Pictures during the Golden Age of American animation . One of the most successful animation studios in American media history , Warner Bros. . Cartoons was primarily responsible for the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoon short subjects . The characters featured in these cartoons , including Bugs Bunny , Daffy Duck , Porky Pig , Speedy Gonzales , Sylvester and Tweety , Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner , are among the most famous and recognizable characters in the world . Many of the creative staff members at the studio , including directors and animators such as Chuck Jones , Friz Freleng , Robert McKimson , Tex Avery , Robert Clampett and Frank Tashlin , are considered major figures in the art and history of traditional animation . The Warner animation division was founded in 1933 as Leon Schlesinger Productions , an independent company which produced the popular Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animated short subjects for release by Warner Bros. . Pictures . In 1944 , Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. , who continued to operate it as Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. until 1963 . Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were briefly subcontracted to Freleng 's DePatie-Freleng Enterprises studio from 1964 until 1967 . The Warner Bros. . Cartoons studio briefly re-opened in 1967 before shutting its doors for good two years later . A successor company , Warner Bros. . Animation , was established in 1980 . That company continues to produce Looney Tunes-related works , in addition to television shows and feature films centering on other properties . The classic Warner Bros. animation studio is sometimes referred to as `` Termite Terrace '' , a name given to the temporary headquarters Tex Avery and his animators were assigned to during Avery 's first year as a Looney Tunes director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0353627425a5615857812a2d8dc9f105", "text": "Walt Disney: Hollywood's Dark Prince Walt Disney : Hollywood 's Dark Prince is a biography by Marc Eliot , presenting a darker picture of entertainer Walt Disney than his popular perception . Eliot alleges lifelong anti-Semitism and he also documents Disney 's covert activities on behalf of the House Un-American Activities Committee as a spy against Communists in Hollywood . The book also discusses Disney 's alleged right-wing politics , including an incident in which Disney allegedly wore a Barry Goldwater badge while receiving the Medal of Freedom from Goldwater 's political opponent , President Lyndon Johnson just before the 1964 election . Eliot also discusses an allegation that Disney refused to lower the American flag at Disneyland after the assassination of John F. Kennedy . Marc Eliot brings to light the lack of credit for Ub Iwerks for the original Mickey Mouse sketches as well as Disney 's first business partner . Various work strikes at Disney Studio 's in the 1940 's and the very low pay scale of the very talented artists who produced Snow White , Fantasia , Pinocio , Dumbo etc. . While the shadow the book casts on some of Walt Disney 's actions are unnerving . What is fascinating is how many times the company was saved from the brink of financial ruin . As well as how the Disney enterprise grew from making shorts to full length animated films , to distribution , to theme parks and merchandising . Marc Eliot also points out various business friendships that waned as Walt Disney 's perceptions changed from an early appreciation of Charlie Chaplin to referring to him as the little Commie . A long standing friendship with Spencer Tracey that ended when he started dating Katherine Hepburn . Business partnerships with Howard Hughes with an interest free million dollar loan to an offer to acquire RKO Studios and obtain a ten million dollar line of credit to merge the two companies . To Walt 's stressful relationships with family including Roy who at times were not communicating verbally but through memos . Eliot 's book also discusses the urban legend that , in preparation for his death in December 1966 , Disney had himself cryogenically frozen , in the hopes of being returned to life by medical science in the future . Eliot opines that the myth of Disney being frozen is probably false , although Disney did have a strong interest in cryonics . The book also discusses the absence of a birth certificate for Walter Elias Disney and the possibility that Disney was actually born in 1890 , to a peasant woman in Spain , then adopted by the Disneys . Eliot also discusses the possibility that Disney was later passed off as a full decade younger than he actually was . Birth certificates were not universal at that time , so there may be no way to resolve this question . The book has received sharp criticism and some of the book 's claims have been disputed by other authors . Animation historian Michael Barrier , who collected interviews from over 150 of former Disney employees since 1969 , claimed Eliot 's book was `` easily the worst Disney biography I 've ever read . It is packed with errors and distortions . To rely upon Hollywood 's Dark Prince in any way is exactly the opposite of meticulous . '' Barrier also noted that the photo of Walt receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom showed no presence of a Goldwater button .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6", "text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed", "text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "727ede2d4889f1ce1faad7fdd093d47d", "text": "ASIFA-Hollywood ASIFA-Hollywood , an American non-profit organization in Los Angeles , California , United States , is a branch member of the `` Association Internationale du Film d'Animation '' or `` ASIFA '' ( the International Animated Film Association ) . Its purpose is to promote the art of film animation in a variety of ways , including its own archive and an annual awards presentation , the Annie Awards . It is also known as the International Animated Film Society . Many branches of ASIFA exist throughout the world ; in the US there are chapters in San Francisco , New York City , Atlanta , Seattle , Washington , the Detroit area , and others , while internationally , organizations exist in Annecy , France , in Italy , and Japan . ASIFA also sponsors several animation film festivals throughout the world , including the ASIFA-Hollywood Student Animation Festival . ASIFA-Hollywood has the largest membership internationally of all other chapters , largely because the most popular cartoons ever produced were by studios and animation professionals located in the city of Burbank , which is also the location of the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Center . It includes a virtual archive , museum , library and research facility , containing the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c50b0bfbf5ed4fa084f8cfbb70a5bd7b", "text": "List of Disney live-action shorts This is a listing of live-action motion picture shorts produced by Walt Disney or The Walt Disney Company , from 1921 to the present . This list only includes shorts which were initially released as individual shorts , which excludes the shorts that were originally released as part of Disney features in the 1950s and later re-released as individual shorts . This list also does not include shorts that do not contain any original stock footage . This list includes shorts with both live action and animation only if the majority of the short contains live action . This list does not include any trailers as they are usually edited from the features they are supposed to promote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a884aa698add7329b2236b9c82349aea", "text": "The Muppets (soundtrack) The Muppets : An Original Walt Disney Records Soundtrack is a soundtrack album released by Walt Disney Records on November 22 , 2011 for the musical comedy film The Muppets . The soundtrack features five original songs , four re-recordings and remasterings of popular Muppet songs ( `` The Muppet Show Theme '' , `` Rainbow Connection '' , and `` Mah Nà Mah Nà '' ) , two cover versions of existing songs ( Cee Lo Green 's `` Forget You '' and Nirvana 's `` Smells Like Teen Spirit '' ) , two standalone songs ( Paul Simon 's `` Me and Julio Down by the Schoolyard '' and Starship 's `` We Built This City '' ) , and fifteen dialogue tracks . It also features the song `` Man or Muppet '' , which won the Academy Award for Best Original Song . The soundtrack was also nominated for Best Compilation Soundtrack for Visual Media at the 55th Grammy Awards . Songs not included in the album , but featured in the film include Gary Numan 's `` Cars '' , AC/DC 's `` Back in Black '' , George Thorogood 's `` Bad to the Bone '' , Jeff Moss ' `` Together Again '' ( from The Muppets Take Manhattan ) and Bill Medley & Jennifer Warnes ' '' ( I 've Had ) The Time of My Life '' . A Spanish version of the soundtrack was released as Los Muppets : Banda Sonora Original de Walt Disney Records on December 6 , 2011 . The Spanish version received a nomination for Best Latin Children 's Album at the 13th Latin Grammy Awards .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e54fa2dfd1b516ac95e974aa13b4f67b
Cindy McCain is the wife of a presidential nominee from 2008.
[ { "docid": "4def5e099945f11d0c03ba766de43c96", "text": "Cindy McCain Cindy Lou Hensley McCain ( born May 20 , 1954 ) is an American businesswoman , philanthropist , and humanitarian , and the wife of long-time United States Senator and 2008 Republican presidential nominee John McCain of Arizona . She was born and raised in Phoenix , Arizona , as the daughter of wealthy beer distributor Jim Hensley . After receiving bachelor 's and master 's degrees from the University of Southern California , she became a special education teacher . She married John McCain in 1980 and the couple moved to Arizona in 1981 , where her husband would be elected to the United States Congress the following year and has been in office since then . The couple had three children together , in addition to adopting another . From 1988 to 1995 , she founded and operated a nonprofit organization , the American Voluntary Medical Team , which organized trips by medical personnel to disaster-stricken or war-torn third-world areas . During this time , she became addicted to painkillers for several years and resorted to having a physician write illegal prescriptions on her behalf . She reached an agreement with the government in which no charges were filed against her . Upon her father 's death in 2000 , she inherited majority control and became chair of Hensley & Co. , one of the largest Anheuser-Busch beer distributors in the United States . She participated in both of her husband 's presidential campaigns and , in 2008 , drew both positive and negative scrutiny for her appearance , demeanor , wealth , spending habits , and financial obligations . She continues to be an active philanthropist and serves on the boards of Operation Smile , Eastern Congo Initiative , CARE and HALO Trust , frequently making overseas trips in conjunction with their activities . During the 2010s she has become prominent in the fight against human trafficking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "215b4df2eb0ec5c38b6fc14f500863c9", "text": "John McCain John Sidney McCain III ( born August 29 , 1936 ) is an American politician who currently serves as the senior United States Senator from Arizona . He was the Republican nominee for the 2008 U.S. presidential election . McCain followed his father and grandfather , both four-star admirals , into the United States Navy , graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958 . He became a naval aviator , flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers . During the Vietnam War , he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire . In October 1967 , while on a bombing mission over Hanoi , he was shot down , seriously injured , and captured by the North Vietnamese . He was a prisoner of war until 1973 . McCain experienced episodes of torture , and refused an out-of-sequence early repatriation offer . His war wounds have left him with lifelong physical limitations . He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona , where he entered politics . Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982 , McCain served two terms . He was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986 , winning re-election easily five times , most recently in 2016 . While generally adhering to conservative principles , McCain at times has had a media reputation as a `` maverick '' for his willingness to disagree with his party on certain issues . After being investigated and largely exonerated in a political influence scandal of the 1980s as a member of the Keating Five , he made campaign finance reform one of his signature concerns , eventually gaining passage of the McCain -- Feingold Act in 2002 . He is also known for his work in the 1990s to restore diplomatic relations with Vietnam , and for his belief that the Iraq War should have been fought to a successful conclusion . McCain has chaired the Senate Commerce Committee , opposed spending that he considered to be pork barrel , and played a key role in alleviating a crisis over judicial nominations with the bi-partisan group known as the Gang of 14 . McCain ran for the Republican nomination in 2000 but lost a heated primary season contest to George W. Bush of Texas . He secured the nomination in 2008 after coming back from early reversals , but was defeated by Democratic candidate Barack Obama in the general election , losing by a 365 -- 173 electoral college margin and by 53 -- 46 % in the popular vote . He subsequently adopted more orthodox conservative stances and attitudes and largely opposed actions of the Obama administration , especially in regard to foreign policy matters . By 2013 , however , he had become a key figure in the Senate for negotiating deals on certain issues in an otherwise partisan environment . In 2015 , McCain became chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "3b9d4003270f82d2847fcb430395fb55", "text": "Cindy Chupack Cindy Chupack is a screenwriter who has won three Golden Globes and two Emmys for her work as a writer/executive producer of HBO 's Sex and the City and writer/co-executive producer of ABC 's Modern Family . Several episodes she penned -- namely , Sex and the Citys `` Evolution '' , `` Attack of the 5 ' 10 '' Woman '' , `` Just Say Yes '' , `` Plus One is the Loneliest Number '' , `` I Love a Charade '' , and `` Splat ! '' , and Modern Familys `` Little Bo Bleep '' -- were individually nominated for Writer 's Guild and/or Emmy awards . Chupack also worked on Everybody Loves Raymond as a writer/co-executive producer . In May 2010 , NBC announced it had commenced production of Love Bites , a television series created by Chupack for the NBC network . Her first book , The Between Boyfriends Book , was published by St. Martin 's Press . Her second book , a comic memoir about marriage entitled The Longest Date : Life as a Wife , was published by Viking in January 2014 . She has also written humorous essays for The New York Times , Real Simple , Harper 's Bazaar , People , Allure , Slate , and Glamour . Chupack is from Tulsa , Oklahoma . She received a journalism degree from Northwestern University in Evanston , Illinois where she was a member of Kappa Alpha Theta .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "08aacc21d93da0de2b53d7f5d22dec88", "text": "Meghan McCain Meghan Marguerite McCain ( born October 23 , 1984 ) is an American columnist , author , Fox News host and contributor , and blogger . She is the daughter of 2008 presidential nominee and long-time U.S. Senator John McCain and Cindy Hensley McCain . McCain first received media attention in 2007 for her blog , McCain Blogette , on which she documented life on the campaign trail and mused about fashion , music , and pop culture . In 2009 , she became a contributing author for The Daily Beast , and in 2011 , began appearing as a contributor on MSNBC . In 2013 , she began hosting on the start-up Pivot channel and in 2014 assumed the co-host role on Pivot 's TakePart Live until that show was canceled later in the year . In July 2015 , McCain joined Premiere Networks as host of the nationally syndicated radio program America Now . McCain also signed on as a FOX News contributor in July 2015 , and was officially named a regular co-host of the afternoon talk program Outnumbered on November 14 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "704c4215b43ae10f039d9b77984aca0f", "text": "Carly Fiorina Cara Carleton Fiorina ( née Sneed ; born September 6 , 1954 ) is an American businessperson and political candidate , known primarily for her tenure as CEO of Hewlett-Packard ( HP ) . Fiorina unsuccessfully ran for the United States Senate in 2010 and the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 . As Chief Executive Officer of HP from 1999 to 2005 , Fiorina was the first woman to lead a Top-20 company as ranked by Fortune Magazine . In 2002 , Fiorina oversaw what was then the largest technology sector merger in history , in which HP acquired rival personal computer manufacturer , Compaq . The transaction made HP the world 's largest seller of personal computers . HP subsequently laid off 30,000 U.S. employees . In February 2005 she was forced to resign as CEO and Chair , after the company lost half of its value . Fiorina was an adviser to Republican Senator John McCain 's 2008 presidential campaign . In 2010 , she won the Republican nomination for the United States Senate in California , but lost the general election to incumbent Democrat Barbara Boxer . Fiorina was a candidate in the 2016 Republican presidential primary , and was briefly the vice-presidential running mate for Ted Cruz during the week before Cruz suspended his campaign , setting the record for shortest Vice Presidential candidacy in United States history ( 7 days ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55f497d3c827f82a9284209a48f9db76", "text": "John Edwards (disambiguation) John Edwards ( born 1953 ) is an American politician who was a candidate for the 2008 Democratic presidential nomination . John Edwards may also refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d3389086530a28e5db0d5b3420588ef", "text": "United States presidential election in Ohio, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Ohio took place on November 4 , 2008 , which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Voters chose 20 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Ohio was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama with a 4.6 % margin of victory . Prior to the election , most news organizations considered this state as a major swing state and bellwether . Both major party candidates visited the Buckeye State numerous times and campaigned throughout the state extensively trying to sway moderates and independent voters to their side . The polls in Ohio were fairly even throughout the campaign but Obama had a slight lead as Election Day drew closer . In the end , Obama flipped Ohio into the Democratic column .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f9c2a7999ec5e66778e48c10b25f9c5", "text": "Howard Opinsky Howard Opinsky was the national press secretary for U.S. Senator John McCain 's ( R-AZ ) 2000 presidential campaign . Opinsky has been widely quoted in the media as a spokesman for candidates and causes and as a political strategist commenting on a variety of breaking news events . He has also been a guest lecturer at Harvard , Penn State , and various trade groups to discuss communication , the media , and politics . Currently , Opinsky is executive vice president at Powell Tate , the Washington , D.C. office of Weber Shandwick . A veteran communication strategist and counselor to CEOs and senior executives , he has helped build , position , and protect some of the world 's best known brands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca51bb1b58914011843201072857a31a", "text": "United States presidential election in Maine, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 4 , 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Maine is one of two states in the U.S. that instead of all of the state 's 4 electors of the Electoral College to vote based upon the statewide results of the voters , two of the individual electors vote based on their congressional district because Maine has two congressional districts . The other two electors vote based upon the statewide results . See below in the section of Electors for more information . Maine once again displayed it status as a blue state , with Democrat Barack Obama taking the state with 57.71 % of the vote and a difference of 126,650 votes . Maine has voted Democratic since 1992 and is the only state other than Nebraska to split its electoral votes , though it did not do so until 2016 . It is also the only state in New England where a county voted for Republican John McCain , with Piscataquis County giving McCain roughly 50.7 % of the vote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d145b6f9fcdb37505bb9ab8d80b2334", "text": "South Carolina primary The South Carolina primary has become one of several key early-state presidential primaries in the process of the Democratic and Republican Parties choosing their respective general election nominees for President of the United States . Historically , this primary election has been much more important in the Republican Party 's nomination process , considered a firewall that could permanently eliminate any/all serious rivals to the winner . It is meant to force the various factions of the party to decide quickly on and unite behind a single candidate and avoid wasting precious time and resources on a drawn-out battle between their own candidates , that would divert the party 's focus from working to defeat the Democrats ' likely nominee . Since its 1980 inception , the winner of the Republican South Carolina primary has always become the eventual Republican National Convention nominee for that fall 's general election , with one exception , the 2012 primary , in which eventual Republican nominee Mitt Romney finished second , behind winner Newt Gingrich ( who would go on to suspend his campaign before that summer 's convention began ) . South Carolina has cemented its place as the `` First in the South '' primary for both parties . For the Democrats , the 2008 primary took on added significance because it was the first nominating contest in that cycle in which a large percentage ( 55 percent , according to an exit poll ) of primary voters were African Americans . The 2012 South Carolina primary was held on January 21 for Republicans , and on January 28 for Democrats . The 2016 primary was held on February 20 for Republicans , and on February 27 for Democrats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c911bb3fe0cbe36472feae85fbd3df4", "text": "Mike Henry (political strategist) Mike Henry is an American political strategist and current Chief of Staff to United States Senator Tim Kaine . In 2011 , former Gov. Kaine tapped him to run his Senate campaign . From 2009 to 2011 , he was senior director of U.S. Field of Bono 's The ONE Campaign , a global advocacy and campaigning organization that fights extreme poverty and preventable disease , particularly in Africa , by raising public awareness and working with political leaders to support effective policies and programs that save lives . He was responsible for guiding strategic grassroots initiatives . He worked to create political will in key congressional districts for bipartisan global poverty and disease-fighting legislation , helped expand ONE 's grassroots membership , mobilized bi-partisan political and business leaders , and raised awareness of global poverty issues . Henry also worked in national-level politics , serving as deputy campaign manager of Hillary Clinton 's 2008 presidential campaign , famously writing a memo that was later leaked to The New York Times outlining a controversial strategy suggesting that Clinton skip Iowa , a politically risky move . Henry has a long history in Democratic politics in Virginia , including managing Kaine 's 2005 run for governor , now-Senator Mark Warner 's 2008 campaign and Terry McAuliffe 's unsuccessful 2009 gubernatorial bid . He also worked for Virginia House and Senate Democratic caucuses in the 1990s . Henry began his career in 1988 working as a door-to-door canvasser for Clean Water Action while attending Old Dominion University . After graduation , Henry served as campaign manager for three congressional races and three senate races in Iowa , Texas , Florida , Illinois and Maryland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3545711a2cc397152d720dce6c11dfee", "text": "John McCain presidential campaign, 2000 The 2000 presidential campaign of John McCain , the United States Senator from Arizona , began in September 1999 . He announced his run for the Republican Party nomination for the presidency of the United States in the 2000 presidential election . McCain was the main challenger to Texas Governor George W. Bush , who had the political and financial support of most of the party establishment . McCain staged an upset win in the February 2000 New Hampshire primary , capitalizing on a message of political reform and `` straight talk '' that appealed to moderate Republican and independent voters and to the press . McCain 's momentum was halted when Bush won the South Carolina primary later that month , in a contest that became famous for its bitter nature and an underground smear campaign run against McCain . McCain won some subsequent primaries , but after the March 2000 Super Tuesday contests he was well behind in delegates and withdrew . He grudgingly endorsed Bush two months later and made occasional appearances for him during the general election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e9d5fd6aec03ae41dd6068144d42e3b", "text": "Rick Warren Richard Duane `` Rick '' Warren ( born January 28 , 1954 ) is an American evangelical Christian pastor and author . He is the founder and senior pastor of Saddleback Church , an evangelical megachurch in Lake Forest , California , that is the eighth-largest church in the United States ( including multi-site churches ) . He is also a bestselling author of many Christian books , including his guide to church ministry and evangelism , The Purpose Driven Church , which has spawned a series of conferences on Christian ministry and evangelism . He is perhaps best known for the subsequent book The Purpose Driven Life which has sold more than 30 million copies , making Warren a '' New York Times bestselling author . Warren holds conservative theological views and traditional evangelical views on social issues such as abortion , same-sex marriage , abstinence-only education over the use of condoms to prevent HIV/AIDS , and embryonic stem-cell research . During the 2008 United States presidential election , Warren hosted the Civil Forum on the Presidency at his church with both presidential candidates , John McCain and Barack Obama . Obama later sparked controversy when he asked Warren to give the invocation at the presidential inauguration in January 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df79e0fa12d85595f5989a26562ada6c", "text": "Brian Jones (political consultant) Brian Jones is a Republican political and communications strategist in the United States . Jones most recently served as a senior communications adviser to John McCain 's 2008 presidential campaign and is currently a managing director at Mercury Public Affairs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4df1a31ee612b6b28fc340d9113cc34b", "text": "Darcy Richardson Darcy G. Richardson ( born December 6 , 1955 ) is an American author , historian and political activist . In the 2012 presidential election , Richardson challenged incumbent Barack Obama for the Democratic nomination for president of the United States in five states . He was later a candidate for the presidential nomination of the Reform Party of the United States of America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba15b340b699f0f6cb9db889db649674", "text": "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 The 2008 presidential campaign of Joe Biden , the longtime Senator from Delaware , announced his candidacy for President of the United States on the edition of January 7 , 2007 of Meet the Press . He officially became a candidate on January 31 , 2007 after filing papers with the Federal Elections Commission . Biden had previously run for president in 1988 , but failed to receive the nomination of the Democratic Party . If elected , Biden would have been the first sitting Senator and Roman Catholic to be president since John F. Kennedy , and the first President to be born during World War II . ( b. 1942 ) During the campaign , Biden focused on his plan to achieve political success in the Iraq War through a system of federalization . He touted his record in the Senate as the head of several congressional committees and experience in foreign policy . Despite a few notable endorsements , Biden failed to garner significant support in opinion polls , and was marred by controversial comments made while campaigning . He ultimately dropped out of the race on January 3 , 2008 , after capturing less than 1 % of the vote in the Iowa caucus . Seven months after conclusion of his campaign , Biden was selected to be Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama 's vice presidential running mate . The pair won in the general election , and were sworn in on January 20 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12bba1f19d575647555c9bfc4311c9d4", "text": "United States presidential election in North Carolina, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in North Carolina was part of the national event on November 4 , 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C. . In North Carolina , voters chose 15 representatives , or electors , to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . North Carolina was won by Democratic nominee Barack Obama with a 0.32 % margin of victory . Prior to the election , most news organizations considered the state as a toss-up , or swing state , but few truly believed Obama would win it . Only 1 of the 18 news/political organizations listed here correctly predicted the result , an Obama victory . Throughout the general election , the state was heavily targeted by both campaigns . It was one of six Southern states and districts ( along with Florida , Virginia , Maryland , Delaware , and the District of Columbia ) that voted for Obama in 2008 . A high turnout by African-American voters , bolstered by overwhelming support from younger voters were the major factors that helped deliver North Carolina 's 15 electoral votes to Obama , making him the first Democratic presidential nominee to carry the state in 32 years . Prior to 2008 , the last Democratic candidate to win North Carolina was Jimmy Carter in 1976 . Bill Clinton came within 20,000 votes of winning the state in 1992 . As of 2016 , this is the last time that the Democratic nominee carried North Carolina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3a3be501735f3c28ad777d7304685e4", "text": "Iowa Chicken The Iowa Chicken was a person in a chicken suit who followed John McCain and Rudy Giuliani around Iowa during the 2008 American presidential race , carrying a sign that read `` You ` Bawk ` ed at the Straw Poll ! '' This was done to both protest and bring attention to the fact that neither candidate competed in the Iowa Straw Poll . In the past , all Republican candidates have competed in the Straw Poll , and McCain and Giuliani 's decisions not to attend represented a break from tradition . The identity of the Iowa Chicken has not been revealed , but he or she follows an American campaign tradition , including such precedents as 2000 's Corn Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3fd7909e7e69cd66b3dba4d67be141dd", "text": "Tim Couch (politician) Tim Couch ( born August 19 , 1961 ) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives representing District 90 since January 2003 . He has suggested President Barack Obama is gay , his wife Michelle Obama is a transgender man , and their two children are adopted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf7f42e6274335a30e536df9566989c3", "text": "Wisconsin Republican primary, 2008 The 2008 Wisconsin Primary for the Republicans was held on February 19 , 2008 . Polls in Wisconsin opened at 7:00 AM and closed 8:00 PM ( local time ) John McCain won the primary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71f9e1ea2faff80f1f22e9512f519b23", "text": "Republican Party presidential primaries, 1964 The 1964 Republican presidential primaries were the selection process by which voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for President of the United States in the 1964 U.S. presidential election . Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona was selected as the nominee through a series of primary elections and caucuses culminating in the 1964 Republican National Convention held from July 13 to July 16 , 1964 , in San Francisco , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c0ca6cc9f51fb4e60667d2f576371f3", "text": "Jim Heath Jim Heath ( born April 20 , 1966 , in Van Wert , Ohio ) is a best selling author and award winning television news correspondent . Prior to writing Front Row Seat at the Circus : One Journalist 's Journey through two Presidential Elections Heath was the Political Correspondent and Analyst for WBNS-TV in Columbus , Ohio . He was also the moderator of the weekly political program Capitol Square , aired each Sunday on WBNS . Front Row Seat at the Circus is a behind-the-scenes look at Heath 's coverage of both the 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns . Steve Scully , Political Editor of C-SPAN Networks and Past President of the White House Correspondents ' Association said about the book , `` Electing a president has turned into a political circus and nobody captures it better than Jim Heath . From his vantage points in South Carolina and Ohio , which are ground zero in presidential campaigns , Jim provides amazing insights and remarkable stories . This is a ` must-read ' for anyone interested in the sport ( or circus ) of politics . '' The book also received positive reviews from Rick Klein , Political Director of ABC News ; Jeff Zeleny , CNN 's National Political Correspondent ; Dr. Larry Sabato , Director , University of Virginia Center for Politics ; Former Ohio Governor Ted Strickland ; U.S. Senator Rob Portman ; Kevin Madden , Senior Adviser and Spokesman , Mitt Romney for President 2012 ; and David Wilhelm , former Chairman of the Democratic National Committee and Campaign Manager for Bill Clinton for President in 1992 . During the 2012 presidential campaign , Heath made national news following an interview with Republican presidential hopeful Mitt Romney . During the interview , which took place in Columbus , Ohio , Heath asked Romney whether he supported the Blunt Amendment . The controversial legislation was being voted on by the U.S. Senate the following day . Romney answered `` no , I do not support the bill '' but later in the day reversed his position , claiming he misunderstood Heath 's question . The reaction to Romney 's initial answer made headlines across the county and was the topic of national cable television political shows . The exchange led GQ Magazine to list Heath on their Top 5 political `` Power List . '' Prior to Ohio 's 2012 presidential primary , The Washington Post named Heath to their `` Best Super Tuesday Twitter List . '' During the 2008 presidential primary cycle , Heath was the only television anchor in South Carolina who landed interviews with all the presidential candidates . He was invited on board the campaign bus of Senator Fred Thompson during his first campaign trip to South Carolina . He interviewed Senator Barack Obama from J.V. Martin Middle School , one of the oldest and poorest schools in the south . He spent an inning at the ballpark interviewing former New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani . He interviewed John Edwards and his wife Elizabeth Edwards as they walked into the South Carolina Democratic Convention . He interviewed former Governor Mitt Romney during his first campaign trip to Myrtle Beach . Heath was the only local journalist invited to interview Senator Hillary Clinton from Florence , South Carolina , as she began her presidential bid . Heath has known and covered Senator John McCain for over thirty years . In 2002 , Heath and McCain won an award from the Arizona Associated Press for a live interview . When McCain returned to Greenville , South Carolina in January , 2006 , for the first time since his defeat in the 2000 South Carolina primary , Heath was granted the first interview . Heath also landed a rare interview with Cindy McCain .", "title": "" } ]
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5eacacf5198dfcb0929f15100bd718a0
José Aldo participates in MMA.
[ { "docid": "a37956a743bbb51e51caea443f970d0c", "text": "Mixed martial arts Mixed martial arts ( MMA ) is a full-contact combat sport that allows both striking and grappling , both standing and on the ground , using techniques from other combat sports and martial arts . The first documented use of the term mixed martial arts was in a review of UFC 1 by television critic Howard Rosenberg in 1993 . The term gained popularity when newfullcontact.com , then one of the largest websites covering the sport , hosted and republished the article . The question of who actually coined the term is subject to debate . During the early 20th century , various mixed-style contests took place throughout Japan and the Pacific Rim . In 1980 CV Productions , Inc. created the first regulated MMA league in the United States , named Tough Guy Contest , later renamed Battle of the Superfighters . The company sanctioned ten tournaments in Pennsylvania . However , in 1983 the Pennsylvania State Senate passed a bill prohibiting the sport . In 1993 , the Gracie family brought vale tudo , developed in Brazil from the 1920s , to the United States by founding the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) MMA promotion company . Originally promoted as a competition to find the most effective martial arts for real unarmed combat , competitors from different fighting styles were pitted against one another in contests with relatively few rules . Later , individual fighters employed multiple martial arts into their style . MMA promoters were pressured to adopt additional rules to increase competitors ' safety , to comply with sport regulations and to broaden mainstream acceptance of the sport . Following these changes , the sport has seen increased popularity with a pay-per-view business that rivals boxing and professional wrestling .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b1e563146f6e26fde43acd89b6a2868", "text": "José Aldo José Aldo da Silva Oliveira Junior ( -LSB- ʒoˈzɛ ˈaldu -RSB- ; born September 9 , 1986 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist in the Ultimate Fighting Championship and the UFC Featherweight Champion , currently in his second reign . He was the fourth and final WEC Featherweight Champion and thus , became the first UFC Featherweight Champion during the UFC/WEC merger . He is currently a two-time UFC Featherweight Champion , having been promoted from interim champion in the wake of former champion Conor McGregor relinquishing the title on November 27 , 2016 . He was named Sherdog 's 2009 Fighter of the Year . He is currently # 5 in official UFC pound-for-pound rankings , having been ranked as high as # 1 in 2015 , and ranked the # 2 featherweight in the world and # 8 pound-for-pound by Sherdog . In the decade between losses in November 2005 and December 2015 , Aldo was undefeated in 18 fights , before being defeated by Conor McGregor at UFC 194 . In Sherdog 's 2017 Pound-For-Pound ranking , Aldo was called `` the greatest featherweight in mixed martial arts history . ''", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594", "text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff0bd90dde781cb6ac9cd9f4138e8e76", "text": "Miguel Cotto vs. DeMarcus Corley The Cotto vs. Corley fight was a bout held in Bayamón , Puerto Rico , on February 26 , 2005 . It was for Miguel Cotto 's WBO world Jr. . Welterweight title , and it pitted him against former world champion Demarcus Corley . Much expectation preceded the fight , which was sponsored in Puerto Rico by DirecTV . The then recently inaugurated Tren Urbano had to be specially abilitated for this fight , as fans had overcrowded the parking area with their cars the last time Cotto had a fight in Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican tourism department saw this event as a perfect occasion to demonstrate the new railway 's conveniences to fans across the island . Cotto participated in a ceremonial trip from a station near José Miguel Agrelot coliseum in San Juan to the fight 's venue , Bayamón 's Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum . Corley , meanwhile , arrived in Puerto Rico on Wednesday , February 23 . According to El Vocero , the newspaper that interviewed the former world champion on arrival at Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport , Corley showed confidence and kept smiling , but predicted a unanimous decision win , which is somewhat uncommon among boxers , as they usually predict knockout wins . Corley trained the last few days before the fight at the same gymnasium that Edwin Rosario used during Rosario 's prime . The fight was broadcast to the United States live on HBO Boxing 's `` Boxing After Dark '' leg . Cotto wore trunks that had the flags of every Hispanic country . About half a minute into the fight , Corley went down from a right cross to the head . He was rocked often the rest of the first round , but he was able to stay on his feet . Cotto kept hitting Corley with stamina-reducing shots to the body and the head in round two , but he lost a point , when , without any previous warnings , referee Ismael Quinones Falu deducted it from the scorecards after Corley complained that Cotto had hurt him on the crotch area . It was a somewhat unusual move by the referee : usually they give boxers a number of warnings before actually deducting a point for illegal fighting tactics . In the third round , Corley hit Cotto flush with a right hand to the chin , and Cotto , who was arguably having the worst round of his career , almost fell . Corley mounted an attack , pinning Cotto against the ropes for most of the round . Cotto was then suddenly struck by a low blow himself , and he went to the floor . The referee gave him time to recover , but did not take any points away from Corley . Towards the end of the round , both fighters engaged in an exchange of powerful lefts , with Cotto 's barely missing Corley 's body , but Corley 's getting Cotto on the head and sending him to the ropes again . Having recuperated in between rounds , Cotto picked up the fight 's momentum again in round four , using his jab , and then connecting with various combinations towards the end of the round . By round five , Cotto sported a cut inside his nose and he also had a swollen eye . Corley looked like he had taken tremendous punishment as well ; he looked tired and his face looked like it had a few small cuts too . Cotto , who , by the way , weighed 157 pounds ( 71 kg ) on HBO 's weight balance on the day of the fight compared to Corley 's 140 pounds ( 63.5 kg ) , pinned Corley against the ropes . A combination of punches to the body and head sent Corley down for a second time . Corley got up and tried to weather the storm by fighting back , but he was taking a lot of punishment as he decided to go down to one knee in order to take a rest . The third knockdown , however , would become the subject of a small controversy , as , instead of counting on Corley , Quinones Falu decided to stop the fight at that moment , giving Cotto the victory by a fifth round technical knockout . After the stoppage , Corley reacted with a menacing look towards the referee , but no action was taken by him against Quinones Falu . HBO 's instant replays showed that none of the punches that Cotto threw before Corley decided to take a knee had actually landed . Nevertheless , since Corley 's third visit to the canvas happened after Corley took a conscious decision to fall in order to take the extra rest , boxing rules dictated that it had to be counted as a knockdown . Soon after the fight was stopped , HBO analizers were quick to signal the result as a `` hometown stoppage '' , specially Larry Merchant . But their claims were quickly countered by Corley himself , who admitted to going down for the third time as a strategy to avoid further punishment from Cotto and maybe buy himself more fight time . After the fight , both fighters agreed that they should have a rematch . Category : Boxing fights Category :2005 in boxing Category : Boxing in Puerto Rico Category : Sports in Bayamón , Puerto Rico Category :2005 in Puerto Rican sport", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d5a15b24621eedb38355d57e37185c7", "text": "The Ultimate Fighter: Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos The Ultimate Fighter : Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos is the thirteenth installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter . The UFC and Spike TV held open tryouts on November 4 , 2010 , in Las Vegas , Nevada . The casting call went out for Welterweight and Middleweight fighters , however , all fighters will be in the welterweight division . All fighters applying and trying out for the show must have at least three professional fights and be at least 21 years of age . Notables who turned up to the tryouts included Strikeforce veterans Karl Amoussou , Andre Galvao , and Zak Cummings , and former TUF contestants Frank Lester and Jeremiah Riggs . It was confirmed during the Fight For The Troops 2 conference call that Brock Lesnar and Junior dos Santos would be the coaches for this season . This season did not feature an elimination round like the two seasons before it , however , the `` wild card '' selections introduced in season 11 were still featured . The initial cast was 14 fighters rather than the usual 16 , 28 or 32 in recent seasons . On May 12 , 2011 , midway through the airing of the season , Dana White announced that Brock Lesnar pulled out of the coaches ' fight due to the return of diverticulitis , forcing Lesnar to withdraw from the bout .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "304aeb0dc7230afae9a80213e5f640e0", "text": "Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time . A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record . Category : Boxing terminology Category : Pejorative terms for people", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35135752f05f1abad707747515aa83a3", "text": "Mauro Di Pasquale Mauro G. Di Pasquale , B.Sc. , MD , MRO , MFS is a world champion powerlifter , bodybuilding author and columnist . Di Pasquale was an assistant professor at the University of Toronto from 1988 to 1998 . He lectured and researched on athletic performance , nutritional supplements and drug use in sports . He holds an honors degree in biological science , majoring in molecular biochemistry ( 1968 ) , and a medical degree ( 1971 ) - both from the University of Toronto . Di Pasquale is certified as a Medical Review Officer ( MRO ) by the Medical Review Officer Certification Council ( MROCC ) . He was the MRO for the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR ) . From 1997 to 1999 Di Pasquale was involved in writing , research and product development for Experimental and Applied Sciences ( EAS ) . As a bodybuilding author , Di Pasquale has written thousands of articles for many large bodybuilding and fitness magazines such as Muscle & Fitness and Iron Man . He has also written several books on bodybuilding related topics such as bodybuilding nutrition and performance-enhancing drugs . Impressed by the way Di Pasquale would monitor steroid use in the bodybuilding industry , World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) owner Vince McMahon hired him in June 1992 to monitor the company 's new drug testing program ; at this time , McMahon was facing criminal charges for allegedly supplying steroids to some of his wrestlers in a manner that violated federal law and was hoping to regain public confidence . While working with the WWF , Di Pasquale took a hardline approach and ensured that anyone who failed a drug test would leave the company ; such an example showed when WWF wrestler The Ultimate Warrior failed a drug test in September 1992 . His firm policy towards steroid use earned him the nickname `` Mr. Steroid Hunter . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c17e2ab466a7e59e7c32fece6e20709", "text": "Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto , billed as `` High Stakes '' , was a professional boxing fight , contested for the welterweight championship . The bout was held on September 12 , 2015 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada on Showtime PPV Mayweather Jr. confirmed his retirement after the bout . Mayweather dominated the fight , landing an impressive 56 % -LSB- 232/410 -RSB- punches thrown , and 67 % of power punches -LSB- 132/196 -RSB- compared to Berto 's underwhelming number of 16 % -LSB- 83/495 -RSB- punches landed and 22 % -LSB- 39/177 -RSB- of power punches thrown . Mayweather won the fight , 120-108 , 118-110 and 117-111 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da9ada30b2b321f2d6b9f59287e6268f", "text": "Ann Marie Lynch Ann Marie Lynch is an American-born producer and reporter residing in Los Angeles . Lynch worked for Traveling Light Media in Burbank , California , producing eight shows for the History Channel , A&E and Discovery Channel . Winning a Silver Telly for `` Secrets of the Black Box : Aloha Flight 243 '' . Lynch worked for IEC in Sports on several of the sports programs as a producer/reporter covering US based athletes . In 2007/2008 she covered US Olympians for a show called The Road to Beijing and produced and reported sports stories for the show Wide World of Sports . In 2005 Ann Marie was the co-producer on a film for The History Channel called The Long March . Lynch created and was executive producer and sole reporter of an online video news site called MMA Today and was asked to be on the first sanctioning body for the sport of Mixed Martial Arts ( MMA ) . MMAToday was a disruptor in the MMA market for online news at the time and garnered 6 million members in under three months . Lynch covered MMA and Boxing for AOL , ESPN Deportes Radio and NBC Sports . While at NBCSports.com Ann Marie Lynch received an Emmy Nomination for her work . Lynch wrote the July 2008 article on Cung Le for Fight Magazine and produced and reported stories on Gil Melendez , Josh Thomson , and Renato `` Babalu '' Sobral which made the homepage of www.nbcsports.com , `` I am a Fighter '' series . Lynch is originally from New York and played field hockey for Providence College , a Division I school in the Big East Division . Lynch advanced to the Olympic `` A '' camp in the US Olympic training system . Lynch began playing varsity sports in 7th grade and was a 2 time national champion in badminton doubles and mixed doubles and was a member of her high school badminton team , which was inducted into the Guinness Book of World Records for being the Most Successful Sports Team winning streak in sports history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de9e1bf56ba87ef9c68ff9f9202313b8", "text": "Championship Fighting Alliance Championship Fighting Alliance ( CFA ) is a mixed martial arts ( MMA ) based promotion company located in Miami Lakes , Florida . It was founded by former MMA fighter and promoter Jorge De La Noval in 2011 . It has currently produced 10 live events . Fallon Fox , who currently is signed to fight for CFA , is the first openly transgender MMA fighter in history . On May 24 , 2013 , CFA will be hosting CFA 11 , their 11th event at the Bankunited Center located on the University of Miami campus . Fighter 411 reported that CFA had held the most events in Florida during the 2012-2013 season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15cfdc058e59239f9fe83298f11b4d03", "text": "2005 in UFC The year 2005 is the 13th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 the UFC held 10 events beginning with , UFC 51 : Super Saturday . The reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter and the UFC Ultimate Fight Night both premiered on Spike TV . The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale was the first ever live UFC broadcast on non-pay-per-view television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d5ee3e3ed18566b8524016e6829b9db", "text": "Bairoa Gym Bairoa Gym is a boxing gym located in Caguas , Puerto Rico . El gimnasio Bairoa , as it is known in Spanish , is the most famous boxing gym in Puerto Rico because of the list of world champions and top contenders who have trained there . World champions and well known boxers who have used this facility include Alfredo Escalera , Héctor Camacho , Julian Solís , Henry Bruseles , Juan Cruz , Alberto Mercado , Jesus Rojas , Javier Garcia , Jose Miguel Cotto , Juan Carazo , Miguel Cotto , Daniel Rosario , José Rodriguez , and many more . The gym was managed since the 1970s by Cuban trainer Julian Delgado , until Evangelista Cotto replaced him during the late 90s . Miguel Cotto became the gym 's first `` homegrown '' world champion when he conquered the WBO 's world Jr. . Welterweight title by knocking out Kelson Pinto of Brazil in six rounds in 2004 . Cotto built a career that included various world titles and fights with Antonio Margarito , Sergio Martinez , Manny Pacquiao , Floyd Mayweather Jr. and Saul Alvarez .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d079c7179cbfae66b3f7e36b449abd09", "text": "Ed Soares Ed Soares is an American of Brazilian descent born in Redondo Beach , California to Brazilian parents . He is known for being the manager of a number of Brazilian Mixed martial arts fighters , including Anderson Silva , Antônio Rodrigo Nogueira , José Aldo and Lyoto Machida .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38e35b8b187228b513d4141d67f09e25", "text": "Mark Coleman Mark Daniel Coleman ( born December 20 , 1964 ) is a retired American mixed martial artist , professional wrestler , former NCAA collegiate wrestler and former Olympic amateur wrestler . Known as The Hammer , he was the UFC 10 and UFC 11 tournament champion , the first UFC Heavyweight Champion , and the Pride Fighting Championships 2000 Open Weight Grand Prix champion . At UFC 82 Coleman was inducted into the UFC Hall of Fame . At the age of retirement he was taking 150,000 USD salary per year . Coleman is credited with proving the ability of wrestlers to dominate in the developing sport of mixed martial arts , and with being one of the first in American MMA to successfully use the strategy that he coined ; ground-and-pound , earning him the distinction as `` The Godfather of Ground & Pound '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e4ca4ef80c2d71713352539b53de756", "text": "Anthony Morrison Anthony Morrison ( born March 29 , 1984 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist . Anthony Morrison formerly competed in the Featherweight division of Bellator MMA . A professional competitor since 2004 , Morrison has also formerly competed for the WEC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d611d2b4452d2ab280c108415d122b7", "text": "Walter Seeley Walter Seeley was a professional American Super Featherweight boxer from Sayville , Long Island , New York , born in the June 11 , 1941 on Lower East Side of Manhattan . Seeley turned pro on October 29 , 1963 by fighting a four round draw with Mike Rosario at Sunnyside Garden Arena in Sunnyside , Queens . Seeley 's professional record was 16 wins no losses and two draws when he met tough Dominican fighter Jose Fernandez on October 8 , 1971 at the Felt Forum in New York City . The bout ended in a ten round draw . Two months later on December 10 , 1971 at Madison Square Garden Seeley lost for the first time in his career to Jose Fernandez by unanimous decision over ten rounds . After the loss to Jose Fernandez Seeley ran off three straight wins including an impressive eight round decision over Davey Vasquez at Madison Square Garden on June 26 , 1972 . This fight was on the undercard of the Ken Buchanan , Roberto Durán Lightweight Championship fight in which Roberto Durán won the title . Seeley followed the Vasquez victory by defeating Jose Fernandez by majority twelve round decision at Madison Square Garden on August 28 , 1972 . Seeley captured the North American Super Featherweight title with the victory over Jose Fernandez . Seeley would lose the North American Super Featherweight title on March 9 , 1973 to world contender Sammy Goss . Seeley suffered another setback when he traveled to the west coast . On April 28 , 1973 Seeley was TKO 'd in two rounds by former Champion Rubén Olivares at the Forum in Inglewood , California . Seeley returned to New York and defeated Eduardo Santiago by ten round decision at the Felt Forum in New York City . On August 27 , 1973 Seeley defeated Vilomar Fernandez by ten round decision at the Felt Forum . Vilomar Fernandez is best known for defeating the great champion Alexis Argüello . On April 2 , 1977 at San Antonio , Texas as a semi-final bout of the U.S. Championship Tournament Seeley lost a ten round unanimous decision to then undefeated Ruben Castillo . Seeley 's last professional bout took place on September 30 , 1979 at the William Floyd Arena in Shirley , Long Island , New York . He defeated Bobby Huff by TKO in five rounds . Seeley boxed as a professional for sixteen years and fought many world contenders and was ranked in the top ten of the Super Featherweight division for a few years . He finished his career with thirty wins , five losses and three draws . Seeley currently trains boxers at the Franklin Boxing Club in North Carolina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9aece3bc30390c693e4091757d2a1249", "text": "Tito Ortiz Jacob Christopher `` Tito '' Ortiz ( / ˈtiːtoʊ ɔɹˈtiːz / born January 23 , 1975 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist . In the MMA world , he is known for his stint with the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , where he is a former Light Heavyweight Champion , having held the title from April 14 , 2000 to September 26 , 2003 . Along with fighters like Randy Couture and Chuck Liddell , he was one of the sports early stars . Ortiz ultimately became the biggest pay-per-view draw of 2006 for his fights with Liddell , Forrest Griffin , and Ken Shamrock . Outside of his fighting career , Ortiz is the CEO of the Punishment Athletics MMA equipment and clothing line . He also owns an MMA training gym called Punishment Training Center , which is located in his hometown of Huntington Beach , California . On July 7 , 2012 , Ortiz became the ninth inductee into the UFC Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ed5bafe261cf520000fe5faa82fa764", "text": "Anthony Ruiz Anthony Ruiz ( born November 3 , 1977 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist . He has competed for Strikeforce , the WEC , ShoXC , King of the Cage , Tachi Palace Fights , and the Palace Fighting Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82a5b56aeed2d2f0d8b51534c9803372", "text": "Urijah Faber Urijah Christopher Faber ( born May 14 , 1979 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist who fought as a bantamweight and featherweight in the Ultimate Fighting Championship . Faber won the WEC Featherweight Championship at WEC 19 on March 17 , 2006 , and held the title for over two years until losing it to Mike Brown at WEC 36 on November 5 , 2008 . Faber is widely regarded as one of the sport 's pioneers for establishing legitimacy to lighter weight classes in MMA . Faber is an NCAA wrestler . With his excellent base in wrestling , he later started Brazilian jiu-jitsu and quickly gained a brown belt under Fábio `` Pateta '' Prado , who , under Carlson Gracie Jr. , is a fifth degree black belt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e69fa27122ad5e2722691c560d991eac", "text": "2002 in UFC The year 2002 is the 10th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2002 the UFC held 7 events beginning with , UFC 35 : Throwdown .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c71a3c91edbead7eba03c4118ea16abf", "text": "Adílson Rodrigues José Adílson `` Maguila '' Rodrigues dos Santos ( born September 2 , 1958 in Aracaju , Sergipe , Brazil ) is a former Brazilian heavyweight boxer . He scored 61 knockouts with 43 of those coming under 5 rounds . Rodrigues currently resides in São Paulo , São Paulo , where he is treating for Alzheimer 's disease originated from dementia pugilistica . His nickname in Brazil , Maguila , comes from the cartoon Magilla Gorilla . Rodrigues is a former World Boxing Foundation ( WBF ) heavyweight champion , and held the South American title for 14 straight years , from 1986 to 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c754c1710ab1d3fcc2b824fd000c43cd", "text": "Ivan Jorge Ivan Jorge ( born November 7 , 1980 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist fighting as a lightweight . A professional competitor since 2001 , he has also formerly competed for Jungle Fight and M-1 Global .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3a4579aef55f378ca78ff4d99e14ae91
Nazi Germany was a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control.
[ { "docid": "bc52562a46f7b62773a5433d9eab9a77", "text": "Nazi Germany Nazi Germany is the common English name for the period in German history from 1933 to 1945 , when Germany was governed by a dictatorship under the control of Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party ( NSDAP ) . Under Hitler 's rule , Germany was transformed into a fascist state in which the Nazi Party took totalitarian control over nearly all aspects of life . The official name of the state was Deutsches Reich from 1933 to 1943 and Großdeutsches Reich ( `` Greater German Reich '' ) from 1943 to 1945 . The period is also known under the names the Third Reich ( Drittes Reich ) and the National Socialist Period ( Zeit des Nationalsozialismus , abbreviated as NS-Zeit ) . The Nazi regime came to an end after the Allied Powers defeated Germany in May 1945 , ending World War II in Europe . Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany by the President of the Weimar Republic Paul von Hindenburg on 30 January 1933 . The Nazi Party then began to eliminate all political opposition and consolidate its power . Hindenburg died on 2 August 1934 , and Hitler became dictator of Germany by merging the powers and offices of the Chancellery and Presidency . A national referendum held 19 August 1934 confirmed Hitler as sole Führer ( leader ) of Germany . All power was centralised in Hitler 's person , and his word became above all laws . The government was not a coordinated , co-operating body , but a collection of factions struggling for power and Hitler 's favour . In the midst of the Great Depression , the Nazis restored economic stability and ended mass unemployment using heavy military spending and a mixed economy . Extensive public works were undertaken , including the construction of Autobahnen ( motorways ) . The return to economic stability boosted the regime 's popularity . Racism , especially antisemitism , was a central feature of the regime . The Germanic peoples ( the Nordic race ) were considered by the Nazis to be the purest branch of the Aryan race , and were therefore viewed as the master race . Millions of Jews and other peoples deemed undesirable by the state were murdered in the Holocaust . Opposition to Hitler 's rule was ruthlessly suppressed . Members of the liberal , socialist , and communist opposition were killed , imprisoned , or exiled . Christian churches were also oppressed , with many leaders imprisoned . Education focused on racial biology , population policy , and fitness for military service . Career and educational opportunities for women were curtailed . Recreation and tourism were organised via the Strength Through Joy program , and the 1936 Summer Olympics showcased the Third Reich on the international stage . Propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels made effective use of film , mass rallies , and Hitler 's hypnotic oratory to control public opinion . The government controlled artistic expression , promoting specific art forms and banning or discouraging others . Beginning in the late 1930s , Nazi Germany made increasingly aggressive territorial demands , threatening war if they were not met . It seized Austria and Czechoslovakia in 1938 and 1939 . Hitler made a non-aggression pact with Joseph Stalin and invaded Poland in September 1939 , launching World War II in Europe . In alliance with Italy and smaller Axis powers , Germany conquered most of Europe by 1940 and threatened Great Britain . Reichskommissariats took control of conquered areas , and a German administration was established in what was left of Poland . Jews and others deemed undesirable were imprisoned , murdered in Nazi concentration camps and extermination camps , or shot . Following the German invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941 , the tide gradually turned against the Nazis , who suffered major military defeats in 1943 . Large-scale aerial bombing of Germany escalated in 1944 , and the Axis powers were pushed back in Eastern and Southern Europe . Following the Allied invasion of France , Germany was conquered by the Soviet Union from the east and the other Allied powers from the west and capitulated within a year . Hitler 's refusal to admit defeat led to massive destruction of German infrastructure and additional war-related deaths in the closing months of the war . The victorious Allies initiated a policy of denazification and put many of the surviving Nazi leadership on trial for war crimes at the Nuremberg trials .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b1fb33379ccf114a758d5c686830a37c", "text": "German People's Union The German People 's Union ( Deutsche Volksunion , DVU , also Liste D ) was a right-wing political party in Germany . It was founded by publisher Gerhard Frey as an informal association in 1971 and established as a party in 1987 . Financially , it was largely dependent on Frey . In 2011 , it merged with the National Democratic Party of Germany ( NPD ) . The party never reached the five-percent minimum in federal elections that is generally necessary to enter the Bundestag . The DVU won seats in several state parliaments . In 2004 , the DVU entered a non-competition agreement with the far-right NPD for the state elections in Brandenburg and Saxony . Both parties passed the five-percent threshold in their respective states . The DVU reached 6.1 percent in the Brandenburg state elections , and the NPD won 9.2 percent in the Saxony state elections . After this relatively successful election , the parties formed an electoral alliance for the 2005 federal elections . The joint NPD-DVU slate , which ran under the NPD 's ballot line , won 1.6 percent of the total votes nationally . In 2009 , party founder Frey did not run for reelection as chairman and was replaced by Matthias Faust . In 2010 , a referendum of party members approved a merger of the DVU and the NPD . Several state sections of the DVU objected to the merger and achieved a preliminary injunction from the Landgericht Munich based on irregularities during the referendum . On May 26 , 2012 , these objections were withdrawn and the DVU was declared defunct . Several branches and individuals objected to the perceived links between the NPD and Nazism , and instead joined with the smaller party the Republicans , who were considered more moderate . This was especially true in North Rhine Westphalia and Bavaria , where the Republicans were traditionally strongest . Some other individuals formed a new party called Die Rechte ( meaning `` the Right '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "581656bf66028d822eb32a7e5489b7ee", "text": "Movement Against War and Fascism The Movement Against War and Fascism ( MAWF ) was founded in Australia in 1933 , as an Australian chapter of the World Movement Against War established in 1932 by the Comintern . The international movement was instigated by Willi Münzenberg the German Comintern leader who founded a multitude of front organisations in his quest to spread the word and power of International Communism . The Australian movement set out to attract `` fellow-travellers '' and pacifists , and was relatively independent of the international organisation . MAWF organised political rallies and protests and issued the magazine War ! What For ? ( February 1934 - May 1936 ) , later World Peace ( June 1936 - June 1939 ) , to expose the development of fascism in Europe in the 1930s - particularly in Germany and Italy , and during the Spanish Civil War - while promoting the cause of Communism . The movement disbanded in 1939 . The movement instigated the events which led to the attempted exclusion of Egon Kisch from Australia in late 1934 and early 1935 . During the 1936 to 1939 Spanish Civil War , the MAWF played a prominent role in publicising stories from the front and condemned democratic governments for failing to come to the aid of the elected socialist government while fascist governments were supporting the right-wing rebels led by General Francisco Franco . The organisation continued to criticise democratic governments , including that led by Joseph Lyons in Australia , for anti-free speech and anti-Communist policies , which some historians have argued weakened its otherwise prescient message about the escalating threat posed by fascism and Nazism . Indeed , the main debate between historians with an interest in the MAWF has been a preoccupation about the extent to which it was first and foremost a Communist front organisation . Australian members included Mary Wren whose communist sympathies ran in stark contrast to her father John Wren 's conservative Catholicism , Hugo Throssell , and federal Labor politician Maurice Blackburn , who was expelled from the ALP in 1937 for his membership of the MAWF . Secretary and editor of the MAWF magazine , James Normington Rawling , was a dominating figure in the organisation 's policies and messages until the organisation folded with the onset of World War in late 1939 . Rawling was expelled from the Communist Party for unorthodox views and became a prominent anti-Communist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7a14ba26dae20db26037c88ea1092a2", "text": "German Völkisch Freedom Party The German Völkisch Freedom Party ( Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei , or DVFP ) was a right-wing and anti-Jewish political party of Weimar Germany that took its name from the Völkisch movement , a populist movement focused on folklore and the German Volk . The DVFP was founded on December 16 , 1922 , when Wilhelm Henning , Reinhold Wulle and Albrecht von Graefe broke from the German National People 's Party ( DNVP ) . Leading right-wing figures such as Ernst Graf zu Reventlow , Artur Dinter and Theodor Fritsch joined the party on its foundation . Many members of the Deutschvölkischer Schutz und Trutzbund joined the DVFP after the former was banned . After the Nazi Party was banned in 1924 , the DVFP merged with many Nazis to form the National Socialist Freedom Movement , a move endorsed by Erich Ludendorff and encouraged by Graefe , who hoped to gain control of the far right as a whole . However this alliance was not a success and thus Graefe and Wulle reformed the DVFP as a rival to the Nazi Party in 1925 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c13a743baa0b9c3be08e992eff5f00a", "text": "6th SS-Standarte The 6th SS-Standarte was a regimental command of the Allgemeine-SS situated in the city of Berlin . As the command was located in the capital of Germany , the 6th Standarte was considered one of the more important SS units in Nazi Germany . The members of the Standarte themselves , however , were non-paid mustering troops of the `` General-SS '' as was the practice for most Allgemeine-SS regiments . The Standarte was first formed in October 1931 and was part of the so-called `` Northern SS '' under the control of Kurt Daluege . At the time , there was a divisional disunity in the SS , with SS units in southern Germany controlled by Heinrich Himmler and the northern units answering to Daluege . It was not until 1934 , after most of the SS headquarters offices had relocated to Berlin , that this division was eventually done away with . During Reichstag elections of 1931 , the 6th SS Standarte played a significant role in campaigning for the Nazi Party and repeated the effort again when Adolf Hitler ran for the office of President of Germany in 1932 . One early member of the Standarte , who would later become the Reichsführer-SS was Karl Hanke . After Hitler became Chancellor of Germany in 1933 , the 6th SS-Standarte adopted the honor title of `` Charlottenburg '' and often participated in several major Nazi Party rallies held in the German capitol . A year later , during the Night of the Long Knives , the Standarte played a major role in rounding up the Sturmabteilung leadership in Berlin , although most SA executions were carried out by SD troops and Gestapo agents . One of the most notorious actions that the 6th SS-Standarte engaged in was `` Kristallnacht '' where Berlin SS men sought out and destroyed numerous Jewish synagogues and businesses . Shortly afterwards , the Standarte was granted a second honor title as `` 6 SS-Standarte Eduard Felsen '' . When World War II began in 1939 , the Berlin SS regiment slowly began losing its members to regular military service , since mustering Allgemeine-SS personnel were not exempt from conscription . The Standarte was still participating in ceremonial functions as late as 1944 , however , and in the last year of the war many of the remaining members became involved with the Volksturm and participated in the Battle of Berlin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "018dbcfea7e664482df3b8e7c00f2f93", "text": "Right-wing politics Right-wing politics hold that certain social orders and hierarchies are inevitable , natural , normal , or desirable , typically supporting this position on the basis of natural law , economics or tradition . Hierarchy and inequality may be viewed as natural results of traditional social differences or the competition in market economies . The term right-wing can generally refer to `` the conservative or reactionary section of a political party or system . '' The political terms Right and Left were first used during the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 99 ) , and referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament ; those who sat to the right of the chair of the parliamentary president were broadly supportive of the institutions of the monarchist Ancien Régime . The original Right in France was formed as a reaction against the Left , and comprised those politicians supporting hierarchy , tradition , and clericalism . The use of the expression la droite ( the right ) became prominent in France after the restoration of the monarchy in 1815 , when it was applied to the Ultra-royalists . The people of English-speaking countries did not apply the terms `` right '' and `` left '' to their own politics until the 20th century . Although the right-wing originated with traditional conservatives , monarchists and reactionaries , the term extreme right-wing has also been applied to movements including fascists , Nazis , and racial supremacists . From the 1830s to the 1880s , there was a shift in the Western world of social class structure and the economy , moving away from nobility and aristocracy towards capitalism . This general economic shift toward capitalism affected centre right movements such as the British Conservative Party , which responded by becoming supportive of capitalism . In the United States , the Right includes both economic and social conservatives . In Europe , economic conservatives are usually considered liberal , and the Right includes nationalists , nativist opposition to immigration , religious conservatives , and historically a significant presence of right-wing movements with anti-capitalist sentiments including conservatives and fascists who opposed what they saw as the selfishness and excessive materialism inherent in contemporary capitalism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3126573744e62712de09afc10a12da7b", "text": "Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy The Fall of the Fascist regime in Italy , also known in Italy as 25 Luglio ( Venticinque Luglio , -LSB- ˌventiˈtʃiŋkwe ˈluʎʎo -RSB- ; Italian for `` 25 July '' ) denotes the events in spring and summer 1943 in Italy , which culminated with the meeting of the Grand Council of Fascism on 24 -- 25 July 1943 , the passing of a vote of no confidence against Benito Mussolini , and the change of the Italian government . These events were the result of parallel plots led respectively by Count Dino Grandi and King Victor Emmanuel III : their final outcome was the fall from power of the Italian Fascist government after 21 years and the arrest of Mussolini .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "599f948dffd56bf2e264362ee0468bb7", "text": "Manifesto of Race The Manifesto of Race ( Manifesto della razza ) , sometimes known as the Charter of Race or Racial Manifesto , was a manifesto published on 14 July 1938 which prepared the enactment , in October 1938 , of the Racial Laws in Fascist Italy . The antisemitic laws stripped the Jews of Italian citizenship and governmental and professional positions . The manifesto demonstrated the enormous influence Adolf Hitler had over Benito Mussolini since Italy had become allied with Nazi Germany .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd2f4e1ea8128006670928805161fbaa", "text": "Hitlerjugendführer Hitlerjugendführer was a paramilitary title of the Hitler Youth which existed within the Nazi Party from approximately 1928 to the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b0c6ec27c26060a60c3dbec65aabe79a", "text": "Ideology of the SS The ideology espoused by the Schutzstaffel ( `` Protection Squadron '' ; SS ) , a paramilitary force and instrument of terror of the Nazi Party in Nazi Germany , emphasized a racist vision of `` racial purity '' , antisemitism , and loyalty to Adolf Hitler and Nazi Germany . SS men were indoctrinated with the belief they were members of a `` master race '' . The ideology of the SS was , even more so than in Nazism in general , built on the belief in a superior `` Aryan race '' . This led to the SS playing the main role in political violence and crimes against humanity , including the Holocaust and `` mercy killing '' of those with congenital illnesses . After the defeat of Nazi Germany in World War II , the SS and Nazi Party were found to be criminal organizations at the Nuremberg Trials .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "610105265c0a67141a2cffcc5ee008ec", "text": "History of Austria The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states , from the early Stone Age to the present state . The name Ostarrîchi ( Austria ) has been in use since 996 AD when it was a margravate of the Duchy of Bavaria and from 1156 an independent duchy ( later archduchy ) of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation ( Heiliges Römisches Reich 962 -- 1806 ) . Austria was dominated by the House of Habsburg ( Haus Österreich ) from 1273 to 1806 , when the Holy Roman Empire came to an end . Austria then became the Austrian Empire , a part of the German Confederation until the Austro-Prussian War of 1866 , which Austria lost and was subsequently excluded from German affairs . In 1867 Austria formed with Hungary as a dual monarchy the Austro-Hungarian Empire ( 1867 -- 1918 ) . When this empire collapsed after the end of World War I in 1918 , Austria was reduced to the main German speaking areas of the empire ( its current frontiers ) , and adopted the name The Republic of German-Austria , with hope of joining the new German Weimar Republic . However the union and name were forbidden by the Allies at the Treaty of Versailles . This led to the creation of the First Austrian Republic ( 1918-1933 ) . Following the First Republic , Austrofascism tried to keep Austria independent from the German Reich . Engelbert Dollfuss accepted that Austrians were Germans but wanted Austria to remain independent from a Protestant Germany . In 1938 Austrian-born Adolf Hitler annexed Austria to the German Reich with the Anschluss , which was supported by a large majority of the Austrian people . After the Second World War Austria again became an independent republic as the Second Republic in 1955 and joined the European Union in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35d90341614416ffef0eb8e51f6c617d", "text": "Szeged Idea The Szeged Idea ( A szegedi gondolat ) also informally known as Szeged fascism refers to the proto-fascist ideology that developed among anti-communist counter-revolutionaries in Szeged , Hungary in 1919 and which later developed into a fascist and national socialist ideology . The Szeged Idea was based upon the claim that Hungary was stabbed in the back in World War I by communists and Jews and promoted action to undo this evil by declaring holy war against such traitors . Szeged militants promoted Hungarian nationalism , an economic `` third way '' , and advocated a `` strong '' state . Szegedists promoted irredentist claims to territories belonging to Hungary prior to the end of World War I . The ideology claimed the existence of a `` Judeo-Bolshevik '' conspiracy in Hungary . The principal leader of the Szegedists was Gyula Gömbös . Gömbös declared violence to be an acceptable means of statecraft ... to shape the course of history , not in the interest of a narrow clique , but of an entire nation . Upon being appointed Prime Minister , Gömbös adopted fascist and national socialist positions , including the promotion of corporatist solutions to national unity like that of Benito Mussolini and racial policy like that of Adolf Hitler . Gömbös declared that his government would secure our national civilization based upon our own special racial peculiarities and upon Christian moral principles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c87e76cce09e3619262bd89965d712f5", "text": "Extermination camp The German extermination camps or death camps and killing centers were designed and built by Nazi Germany during World War II ( 1939 -- 45 ) to systematically kill millions of Jews , Slavs , Communists , and others whom the Nazis considered `` Untermenschen '' , primarily by gassing , but also in mass executions and through extreme work under starvation conditions . The idea of mass extermination with the use of stationary facilities built exclusively for that purpose was a result of earlier Nazi experimentation with the chemically manufactured poison gas during the secretive Action T4 euthanasia programme against Germans with mental and physical disabilities . The technology was adapted , expanded and applied in wartime to unsuspecting victims of many ethnic and national groups ; the Jews however were the primary targets accounting for over 90 percent of the extermination camp death toll . This genocide of the Jewish people of Europe was the Third Reich 's `` Final Solution to the Jewish question '' . It is now collectively known as the Holocaust . Extermination camps were also set up by the fascist Ustaše regime of the Independent State of Croatia allied with Germany , carrying out genocidal policy between 1941 and 1945 against Serbs , Jews , Roma and its Croat and Muslim political opponents .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bfa05c0fd59b40a477a1c73705a5838", "text": "German Party (1947) The German Party ( Deutsche Partei , DP ) was a Conservative political party in West Germany during the post-war years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8992ff9b2c9cc1c628a6b1447404e41", "text": "German resistance to Nazism German resistance to Nazism ( German : Widerstand ) was the opposition by individuals and groups in Germany to the National Socialist regime between 1933 and 1945 . Some of these engaged in active plans to remove Adolf Hitler from power and overthrow his regime . The term German resistance should not be understood as meaning that there was a united resistance movement in Germany at any time during the Nazi period , analogous to the more coordinated Polish Underground State , Greek Resistance , Yugoslav Partisans , French Resistance , Dutch Resistance , Norwegian resistance movement and Italian Resistance . The German resistance consisted of small and usually isolated groups . They were unable to mobilize political opposition . Save for individual attacks on Nazis ( including Hitler ) or sabotage acts , the only real strategy was to persuade leaders of the Wehrmacht to stage a coup against the regime : the 1944 assassination attempt against Hitler was intended to trigger such a coup . Approximately 77,000 German citizens were killed for one or another form of resistance by Special Courts , courts-martial , People 's Court and the civil justice system . Many of these Germans had served in government , the military , or in civil positions , which enabled them to engage in subversion and conspiracy ; in addition the Canadian historian Peter Hoffman counts unspecified `` tens of thousands '' in concentration camps who were either suspected or actually engaged in opposition . By contrast , the German historian Hans Mommsen wrote that resistance in Germany was `` resistance without the people '' and that the number of those Germans engaged in resistance to the Nazi regime was very small . The resistance in Germany included German citizens of non-German ethnicity , such as members of the Polish minority who formed resistance groups like Olimp .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a184b00a3146a11c7f331c0b322fa609", "text": "Fascio Fascio ( -LSB- ˈfaʃʃo -RSB- ; plural fasci ) is an Italian word literally meaning `` a bundle '' or `` a sheaf '' , and figuratively league , and which was used in the late 19th century to refer to political groups of many different ( and sometimes opposing ) orientations . A number of nationalist fasci later evolved into the 20th century Fasci movement , which became known as fascism . During the 19th century , the bundle of rods , in Latin called fasces and in Italian fascio , came to symbolize strength through unity , the point being that whilst each independent rod was fragile , as a bundle they were strong . By extension , the word fascio came in modern Italian political usage to mean group , union , band or league . It was first used in this sense in the 1870s by groups of revolutionary democrats in Sicily , to describe themselves . The most famous of these groups was the Fasci Siciliani during 1891 -- 94 . Thereafter , the word retained revolutionary connotations . It was these connotations which made it attractive , for example , to young nationalists who demanded Italian intervention in World War I . The fasci they formed were scattered over Italy , and it was to one of these spontaneously created groups , devoid of party affiliations , that Benito Mussolini belonged . On August 18 , 1914 , Alceste de Ambris speaking from the rostrum of the Milanese Syndical Union ( USM ) began a ferocious attack against neutrality and urged intervention against German reaction and the necessity of aiding France and the United Kingdom in World War I . He equated the war with the French Revolution . This caused a deep split within the Unione Sindacale Italiana ( USI ) . The majority opted for neutrality . The Parma Labor Chamber , the USM , and other radical syndicalists left the USI and on October 1 , 1914 , founded the Fasci d'Azione rivoluzionaria internazionalista . On October 5 , Angelo Oliviero Olivetti published their manifesto in the first issue of a new series of Pagine libere . Mussolini shortly thereafter joined this group and took leadership . On December 11 , 1914 , Mussolini started a political group , Fasci d'azione rivoluzionaria , which was a fusion of two other movements : the above group , Fasci d'azione rivoluzionaria internazionalista and a previous group he started called the Fasci autonomi d'azione rivoluzionaria . This new group was also referred to as the Milan fascio , of which Mussolini was the leader . January 24 , 1915 was the turning point in the history of the fasci as their leaders met in Milan and formed a national organization . In 1919 , after the war had ended , Mussolini reconstituted the Milan fascio , using the new name Fasci italiani di combattimento ( `` Italian league of combatants '' ) . Other fasci of the same name were created , with the common goal of opposing all those -- including the king and state -- whose specific leanings were deemed to be depriving Italy of the fruits of victory in the war . According to H. W. Schneider , the new Milan fascio was formed of roughly the same people who had been members of the older fascio in 1915 , but with a new name and a new objective . On November 7 , 1921 , the Partito Nazionale Fascista ( PNF ) , National Fascist Party , came into existence . In Italy , after World War II , the term `` fascio '' is used as pejorative for `` neo-fascista '' . Other Italian Fasci Fasci of the Veneto led by Dino Grandi and Pietro Marsich .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83d705f82a1c97ef1ded5dd1f3429404", "text": "Grand Council of Fascism The Grand Council of Fascism was the main body of Mussolini 's Fascist government in Italy . A body which held and applied great power to control the institutions of government , it was created as a party body in 1923 and became a state body on 9 December 1928 . The council usually met at the Palazzo Venezia , Rome , which was also the seat of head of the Italian government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89ce938119f9cc89db50dc88bd365eeb", "text": "German–Soviet Axis talks In October and November 1940 , German -- Soviet Axis talks occurred concerning the Soviet Union 's potential entry as a fourth Axis Power in World War II . The negotiations , which occurred during the era of the Molotov -- Ribbentrop Pact and the German-Soviet Commercial Agreement , included a two-day Berlin conference between Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov , Adolf Hitler and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Ribbentrop , followed by both countries trading written proposed agreements . After two days of negotiations from 12 to 14 November 1940 , Germany presented the Soviets with a draft written Axis pact agreement defining the world spheres of influence of the four proposed Axis powers ( Japan , Germany , Soviet Union , Italy ) . Hitler , Ribbentrop and Molotov tried to set German and Soviet spheres of influence ; Hitler encouraged Molotov to look south to Iran and eventually India while preserving German access to Finland 's resources , and to remove Soviet influence in the Balkans . Molotov remained firm , seeking to remove German troops from Finland and gain a warm water port in the Balkans . Soviet foreign policy calculations were predicated by the idea that the war would be a long - term struggle and therefore German claims that Britain would be defeated swiftly were treated with scepticism . In addition Stalin sought to remain influential in Bulgaria and Yugoslavia . These factors resulted in Molotov taking a firm line . According to a Columbia University academical source , on 25 November 1940 , the Soviets presented a Stalin-drafted written counterproposal where they would accept the four power pact , but it included Soviet rights to Bulgaria and a world sphere of influence centered on the area around modern Iraq and Iran . Germany did not respond , leaving the negotiations unresolved . Regarding the counterproposal , Hitler remarked to his top military chiefs that Stalin `` demands more and more '' , `` he 's a cold-blooded blackmailer '' and that `` a German victory has become unbearable for Russia '' so that `` she must be brought to her knees as soon as possible . '' Germany ended the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact in June 1941 by invading the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0326af1dd43efb21739cba9a9fc19e29", "text": "The State (book) __ NOTOC __ The State ( Der Staat ) is a book by German sociologist Franz Oppenheimer first published in Germany in 1908 . Oppenheimer wrote the book in Frankfurt am Main during 1907 , as a fragment of the four-volume System of Sociology , an intended interpretative framework for the understanding of social evolution on which he laboured from the 1890s until the end of his life . The work summarizes Oppenheimer 's general theory on the origin , development and future transformation of the state . The State , which Oppenheimer 's missionary zeal pervades , was widely read and passionately discussed in the early 20th century . It was well received by -- and influential on -- as diverse an audience as Israeli halutzim , American and Slavic communitarians , West German Chancellor Ludwig Erhard , and anarcho-capitalists like Murray Rothbard . A classical liberal and socialist sympathiser , Oppenheimer regarded capitalism as `` a system of exploitation and capital revenues as the gain of that exploitation '' , but placed the blame not on the genuinely free market , but on the intervention of the state . Oppenheimer 's view of the state is profoundly opposed to the then dominant characterisation propounded by G. W. F. Hegel of the state as an admirable achievement of modern civilisation . Proponents of this view tend to accept the social contract view that the State came about as every larger groups of people agreed to subordinate their private interests for the common good . In contrast , Opphenheimer 's view was an advancement of the `` conquest theory '' of the state that developed during the late 19th century by Ludwig Gumplowicz . According to conquest theory , the state came into being through war and conquest , a consequence of which was the establishment of social classes ; the dominant conquerors and the subordinate conquered . This , in turn , led to the emergence of a political system to consolidate the power of the conquerors , to perpetuate and regulate class divisions . Oppenheimer 's views led the American essayist , Albert Jay Nock , writing in the first half of the 20th century , to remark that in his own book , Our Enemy , the State :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bed222125a1ee79612450c77878da7c", "text": "German federal election, 1928 Federal elections were held in Germany on 20 May 1928 . The Social Democratic Party of Germany ( SPD ) remained the largest party in the Reichstag after winning 153 of the 491 seats . Voter turnout was 75.6 % . The only two parties to gain significantly were the SPD , who polled almost a third of votes , and the Communist Party of Germany ( KPD ) , completing a thorough victory of the left wing . However , although the SPD now had 153 seats , it still failed to gain a clear majority , resulting in another coalition government led by Hermann Müller . Following his appointment , Müller , who had already been Germany 's Chancellor for 4 months in 1920 , created a grand coalition of members of the SPD , the German Democratic Party , the Centre Party and the German People 's Party . The coalition was plagued by internal divisions right from the beginning , with each party more concerned with their self-interest than the interest of the government and eventually Müller asked President Paul von Hindenburg for emergency powers . When Hindenburg refused , Müller resigned , marking the end of the ` last genuinely democratic government of the Weimar Republic ' on 27 March 1930 . The recently-reformed Nazi Party contested the elections after the ban on the party was lifted in 1925 . However , the party received less than 3 % of the vote and won just 12 seats in the Reichstag . Adolf Hitler , who had been incarcerated in Landsberg prison for his involvement in the Beer Hall Putsch until Christmas 1924 , had concentrated on re-establishing himself as the leader of the Nazi Party following his release rather than on the party 's electability .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef35041cbc300f067b82ccd6163ca406", "text": "Final Solution The Final Solution ( Endlösung ) or the Final Solution to the Jewish Question ( die Endlösung der Judenfrage , -LSB- diː ˈɛntˌløːzʊŋ deːɐ̯ ˈjuːdn̩ˌfʁaːɡə -RSB- ) was a Nazi plan for the extermination of the Jews during World War II . The `` Final Solution of the Jewish Question '' was the Nazi code name for the plan to murder all Jews within reach , and was not limited to the European continent . This policy of deliberate and systematic genocide started across German-occupied Europe was formulated in procedural and geo-political terms by Nazi leadership in January 1942 at the Wannsee Conference near Berlin , and culminated in the Holocaust which saw the killing of 90 percent of Jewish Poles , and two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe . The nature and timing of the decisions that led to the Final Solution is an intensely studied and debated aspect of the Holocaust . The program evolved during the first 25 months of war leading to the attempt at `` murdering every last Jew in the German grasp . '' Most historians agree , wrote Christopher Browning , that the Final Solution can not be attributed to a single decision made at one particular point in time . `` It is generally accepted the decision-making process was prolonged and incremental . '' In 1940 , following the Fall of France , the Madagascar Plan was devised by Adolf Eichmann in order to relocate Europe 's Jewish population to the French colony ; but the plan was abandoned for logistical reasons mainly due to a naval blockade . There were also preliminary plans to deport Jews to Palestine and Siberia . In 1941 , wrote Raul Hilberg , in the first phase of the mass murder of Jews , the mobile killing units began to pursue their victims across occupied eastern territories ; in the second phase , stretching across all of German-occupied Europe , the Jewish victims were sent on death trains to centralized extermination camps built for the purpose of systematic implementation of the Final Solution .", "title": "" } ]
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a4de6cc199f39aaba05b4692690b5963
John McCain is known for his work to destroy diplomatic relations with Vietnam.
[ { "docid": "215b4df2eb0ec5c38b6fc14f500863c9", "text": "John McCain John Sidney McCain III ( born August 29 , 1936 ) is an American politician who currently serves as the senior United States Senator from Arizona . He was the Republican nominee for the 2008 U.S. presidential election . McCain followed his father and grandfather , both four-star admirals , into the United States Navy , graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958 . He became a naval aviator , flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers . During the Vietnam War , he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire . In October 1967 , while on a bombing mission over Hanoi , he was shot down , seriously injured , and captured by the North Vietnamese . He was a prisoner of war until 1973 . McCain experienced episodes of torture , and refused an out-of-sequence early repatriation offer . His war wounds have left him with lifelong physical limitations . He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona , where he entered politics . Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982 , McCain served two terms . He was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986 , winning re-election easily five times , most recently in 2016 . While generally adhering to conservative principles , McCain at times has had a media reputation as a `` maverick '' for his willingness to disagree with his party on certain issues . After being investigated and largely exonerated in a political influence scandal of the 1980s as a member of the Keating Five , he made campaign finance reform one of his signature concerns , eventually gaining passage of the McCain -- Feingold Act in 2002 . He is also known for his work in the 1990s to restore diplomatic relations with Vietnam , and for his belief that the Iraq War should have been fought to a successful conclusion . McCain has chaired the Senate Commerce Committee , opposed spending that he considered to be pork barrel , and played a key role in alleviating a crisis over judicial nominations with the bi-partisan group known as the Gang of 14 . McCain ran for the Republican nomination in 2000 but lost a heated primary season contest to George W. Bush of Texas . He secured the nomination in 2008 after coming back from early reversals , but was defeated by Democratic candidate Barack Obama in the general election , losing by a 365 -- 173 electoral college margin and by 53 -- 46 % in the popular vote . He subsequently adopted more orthodox conservative stances and attitudes and largely opposed actions of the Obama administration , especially in regard to foreign policy matters . By 2013 , however , he had become a key figure in the Senate for negotiating deals on certain issues in an otherwise partisan environment . In 2015 , McCain became chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6deec7b2119d488983ec4d17a20ad5d5", "text": "Ba Cụt Lê Quang Vinh ( 1923 -- 13 July 1956 ) , popularly known as Ba Cụt ( -LSB- ɓāː kût -RSB- ) was a military commander of the Hòa Hảo religious sect , which operated from the Mekong Delta and controlled various parts of southern Vietnam during the 1940s and early 1950s . Ba Cụt and his forces fought the Vietnamese National Army ( VNA ) , the Việt Minh , and the Cao Đài religious movement from 1943 until his capture in 1956 . Known for his idiosyncrasies , he was regarded as an erratic and cruel leader who fought with little ideological purpose . His sobriquet came from the self-amputation of his left index finger ( although it was erroneously reported that it was his middle or `` third cut finger '' ) . He later swore not to cut his hair until the communist Việt Minh were defeated . Ba Cụt frequently made alliances with various Vietnamese factions and the French . He invariably accepted the material support offered in return for his cooperation , and then broke the agreement -- nevertheless , the French made deals with him on five occasions . The French position was weak because their military forces had been depleted by World War II , and they had great difficulty in re-establishing control over French Indochina , which had been left with a power vacuum after the defeat of Japan . In mid-1955 , the tide turned against the various sects , as Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm of the State of Vietnam and his VNA began to consolidate their grip on the south . Ba Cụt and his allies were driven into the jungle , and their position was threatened by government offensives . After almost a year of fighting , Ba Cụt was captured . He was sentenced to death and publicly beheaded in Cần Thơ .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ccb170288eb73f1282f93e39a893915", "text": "China–Vietnam relations The bilateral relations between the People 's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( 中越关系 , Quan hệ Trung Quốc -- Việt Nam ) have been turbulent , despite their common socialist background . Centuries of conquest by modern China 's imperial predecessor have given Vietnam an entrenched suspicion of Chinese attempts to dominate it . Though the PRC assisted North Vietnam during the Vietnam War , relations between the two nations soured following Vietnam 's reunification in 1975 . China and Vietnam fought a prolonged border war from 1979 to 1990 , but have since worked to improve their diplomatic and economic ties . However , the two countries remain in dispute over territorial issues in the South China Sea . A 2014 survey conducted by the Pew Research Center showed 84 % of Vietnamese were concerned that territorial disputes between China and neighbouring countries could lead to a military conflict . Once , Vietnam had a territorial control even to the territory of modern-day Guangxi and Guangdong , due to historical wars with China , the border between China and Vietnam has been defined like today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "219a3baea59bd419e05c735bfdb2273e", "text": "Reunification Day Reunification Day ( Ngày Thống nhất ) , Victory Day ( Ngày Chiến thắng ) or Liberation Day ( Ngày Giải phóng or Ngày Giải phóng miền Nam ) or the official name of Day of liberating the South for national reunification ( Giải phóng miền Nam , thống nhất đất nước ) is a public holiday in Vietnam that marks the event when Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops captured Saigon ( now Ho Chi Minh City ) on April 30 , 1975 . This signalled the end of the Vietnam War , known in Vietnamese as Chiến tranh Việt Nam ( Vietnam War ) or Kháng chiến chống Mỹ cứu nước ( `` Resistance War Against American invasion '' ) . It was the start of the transition period toward reunification , which occurred in the national election for national reunification on July 2 , 1976 , when the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and Democratic Republic of Vietnam merged to form the modern-day Vietnam or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . The anniversary is marked by several festivals around the date . Sections of the Vietnamese exile community remember it as the `` Fall of Saigon '' , `` Black April '' ( Tháng Tư Đen ) , National Day of Shame ( Ngày Quốc Nhục ) or National Day of Resentment ( Ngày Quốc Hận ) . This is a commemorative day for exiled Vietnamese who served , were affected , and displaced in those overseas communities , and as such is a day of reflection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20e50eb96dc6d71c6b41cc4aa438d9ad", "text": "Agent Orange Agent Orange is an herbicide and defoliant chemical . It is widely known for its use by the U.S. military as part of its herbicidal warfare program , Operation Ranch Hand , during the Vietnam War from 1961 to 1971 . It was a mixture of equal parts of two herbicides , 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D . In addition to its damaging environmental effects , the chemical has caused major health problems for many individuals who were exposed . Up to 4 million people in Vietnam were exposed to the defoliant , with around 1 million now suffering serious health issues . The chemical is capable of damaging genes , resulting in deformities among offspring of exposed victims . The U.S. government has documented higher cases of leukemia , Hodgkin 's lymphoma , as well as other various kinds of cancer in exposed veterans . Agent Orange also caused enormous environmental damage in Vietnam . Over 3,100,000 hectares ( 31,000 km2 or 11,969 mi2 ) of forest were defoliated . Defoliants eroded tree cover and seedling forest stock , making reforestation difficult in numerous areas . Animal species diversity sharply reduced in contrast with unsprayed areas . The aftermath of the use of Agent Orange in Vietnam resulted in massive legal consequences . The United Nations ratified United Nations General Assembly Resolution 31/72 and the Environmental Modification Convention . Lawsuits filed on behalf of veterans as well as Vietnamese veterans sought compensation for damages . Agent Orange was to a lesser extent used outside Vietnam . Some countries , such as Canada , saw testing , while other countries , such as Brazil , used the herbicide to clear out sections of land for agriculture . Land in Laos and Cambodia was sprayed with Agent Orange because forests on the border with Vietnam were used by the Vietcong .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2284d6c044f9a56b2399100d30149438", "text": "McNamara fallacy The McNamara fallacy ( also known as quantitative fallacy ) , named for Robert McNamara , the United States Secretary of Defense from 1961 to 1968 , involves making a decision based solely on quantitative observations ( or metrics ) and ignoring all others . The reason given is often that these other observations can not be proven . The fallacy refers to McNamara 's belief as to what led the United States to defeat in the Vietnam War -- specifically , his quantification of success in the war ( e.g. in terms of enemy body count ) , ignoring other variables .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d280ae6a099e100715b2779b96321f85", "text": "Conflict in Vietnam and at Home `` Conflict in Vietnam and at Home '' was a speech given on March 18 , 1968 by U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy at Kansas State University . Having only declared his candidacy for president two days before , the address was Kennedy 's first official campaign speech . He discussed student protests , consequences of the Vietnam War , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's leadership of the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3379a2c8a161b9365ba2cd7671cea350", "text": "NSC Working Group on South Vietnam The National Security Council Working Group on South Vietnam/Southeast Asia was founded in the wake of the election Lyndon B. Johnson 's election campaign against Barry Goldwater to explore the different options LBJ could take in Vietnam . William Bundy would later note that this group was '' ` the most comprehensive ' Vietnam policy review ` of any in the Kennedy and Johnson Administrations . ' ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f18ee042cec16e1e356df6b65f6f5f81", "text": "History of the Loss of Vietnam History of the Loss of Vietnam ( , Việt Nam vong quốc sử ) was a Chinese-language book written by Phan Bội Châu , the leading Vietnamese anti-colonial revolutionary of the early 20th century , in 1905 while he was in Japan . It was published by Liang Chi Chao , a leading Chinese nationalist revolutionary scholar then in Japan , who assisted Chau during his time attempting to drum up support for Vietnamese independence in China . The book was intended for distribution mainly in China and abroad , but also for smuggling into Vietnam to rally people to the cause of Vietnamese independence . The book helped popularize the word `` Vietnam . '' At the time , the country was generally called `` Annam . '' The book negatively assessed the response of the Nguyen dynasty in the 19th century to the colonial challenges facing Vietnam and the failure to modernise , with the Nguyễn instead turning to ultra-orthodox conservative Confucianism . The book presents strident and emotive memorials to the key figures of the Cần Vương ( Protect the King ) movement of the late 1880s and early 1890s , led by mandarins such as Tôn Thất Thuyết and Phan Dinh Phung , who led guerrillas against the French . The Cần Vương attempted to overthrow the French rule and establish the boy emperor Hàm Nghi as ruler of an independent Vietnam . History analyzed French social and economic policies in Vietnam , which it regards as oppression . In the book , Chau argues for the establishment of a nationwide pro-independence front with seven factions or interested groups with a specific motivation to fight the French colonial authorities . The book was written in a style that differed from the prevailing writing technique and structure of the scholar gentry of the time . Chau eschewed this traditional style to write in a direct , ordinary prose style , especially in his analytical and argumentative sections . The book was distributed in China at least five times , and the first two printings were incorporated into Liang 's periodical magazine Hsin-min ts ` ung-pao . The book was accompanied by a foreword by Liang , which was used to draw similarities between the situation facing Vietnam and China with respect to foreign domination . The book created a reaction in China , sparking follow-up essays by Chinese writers who were taken aback by the Chau 's description of the life that faced Vietnamese people under French rule . It generated gloomy pieces by Chinese writers who predicted that their nation would suffer a similar fate if they failed to modernise . One such Chinese response later became a teaching text at the Tonkin Free School in Hanoi , a school run by Chau 's contemporaries to promote the independence movement . However , Chau did not receive much of a reaction in terms of aid towards his independence efforts , since the book mainly had the effect of worrying Chinese about their own future . History had a much better reception among readers in Vietnam . Chau left Japan for the first time in August 1905 , carrying fifty copies of the book that were distributed throughout Vietnam , of which further copies were made inside the country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3834d3f503bfc2baa147528971021fa4", "text": "George W. Bush George Walker Bush ( born July 6 , 1946 ) is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 . He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 . After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975 , he worked in the oil industry . Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter . He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election . Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore , becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent . From a prominent political family , he is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , making him only the second president to assume the nation 's highest office after his father , following the lead of John Quincy Adams . His brother , Jeb Bush , a former Governor of Florida , was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election . His paternal grandfather , Prescott Bush , was a United States Senator from Connecticut . The September 11 terrorist attacks occurred eight months into Bush 's first term as president . Bush responded with what became known as the Bush Doctrine : launching a `` War on Terror '' , an international military campaign that included the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003 . He also promoted policies on the economy , health care , education , Social Security reform , and amending the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage . He signed into law broad tax cuts , the Patriot Act , the No Child Left Behind Act , the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors , and funding for the AIDS relief program known as PEPFAR . His tenure included national debates on immigration , Social Security , electronic surveillance , and torture . In the 2004 Presidential race , Bush defeated Democratic Senator John Kerry in another relatively close election . After his re-election , Bush received increasingly heated criticism from across the political spectrum for his handling of the Iraq War , Hurricane Katrina , and other challenges . Amid this criticism , the Democratic Party regained control of Congress in the 2006 elections . In December 2007 , the United States entered its longest post-World War II recession , often referred to as the `` Great Recession '' , prompting the Bush administration to obtain congressional passage of multiple economic programs intended to preserve the country 's financial system . Nationally , Bush was both one of the most popular and unpopular presidents in history , having received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings in the wake of the September 11 attacks , as well as one of the lowest approval ratings during the 2008 financial crisis . Bush left office in 2009 , returning to Texas where he purchased a home in Crawford . He wrote a memoir , Decision Points . His presidential library was opened in 2013 . His presidency has been ranked among the worst in historians ' polls published in the late 2000s and 2010s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb6f7fe106f6ee932b9a74e38d7889e3", "text": "Doe v. Bush Doe v. Bush , 323 F. 3d 133 ( 1st Cir . 2003 ) , was a court case challenging the constitutionality of the 2003 invasion of Iraq . The case was dismissed , since the plaintiffs failed `` to raise a sufficiently clear constitutional issue . '' The Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 was challenged by `` a coalition of U.S. soldiers , parents of U.S. soldiers , and members of Congress '' prior to the invasion to stop it from happening . They claimed that an invasion of Iraq would be illegal . Judge Lynch wrote of their argument , `` They base this argument on two theories . They argue that Congress and the President are in collision -- that the President is about to act in violation of the October Resolution . They also argue that Congress and the President are in collusion -- that Congress has handed over to the President its exclusive power to declare war . '' The case was dismissed on February 24 , 2003 by Judge Joseph Tauro of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts . The petitioners appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit . On March 13 , a three-judge panel affirmed the decision to dismiss the complaint . The opinion was written by Judge Sandra Lea Lynch : An extreme case might arise , for example , if Congress gave absolute discretion to the President to start a war at his or her will ... Plaintiffs ' objection to the October Resolution does not , of course , involve any such claim . Nor does it involve a situation where the President acts without any apparent congressional authorization , or against congressional opposition ... To the contrary , Congress has been deeply involved in significant debate , activity , and authorization connected to our relations with Iraq for over a decade , under three different presidents of both major political parties , and during periods when each party has controlled Congress . Lynch also cited Massachusetts v. Laird 451 F. 2d 26 ( 1st Cir . 1971 ) , which similarly found that the Vietnam War was constitutional . Lynch concluded that the Judiciary could not intervene , because there was not a fully developed conflict between the President and Congress at that time . On March 17 , the plaintiffs filed for a rehearing . Their petition was denied the next day . Iraq was invaded on March 20 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2bee5fbc843f0c80a7f1a483cef53c0", "text": "Mayaguez incident The Mayaguez incident took place between the Democratic Kampuchea and the United States from May 12 -- 15 , 1975 , less than a month after the Khmer Rouge took control of the capital Phnom Penh ousting the U.S. backed Khmer Republic . It was the last official battle of the Vietnam War . The names of the Americans killed , as well as those of three U.S. Marines who were left behind on the island of Koh Tang after the battle and were subsequently executed by the Khmer Rouge , are the last names on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial . The merchant ship 's crew , whose seizure at sea had prompted the U.S. attack , had been released in good health , unknown to the U.S. Marines or the U.S. command of the operation before they attacked . Nevertheless , the Marines boarded and recaptured the ship anchored offshore a Cambodian island , finding it empty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a724f6a41c6e3f2432886b4420e6b04", "text": "Operation Cedar Falls Operation Cedar Falls was a military operation of the Vietnam War conducted primarily by US forces . The aim of this massive search and destroy operation was to eradicate the so-called `` Iron Triangle '' , an area located in close proximity to Saigon which had become a major stronghold of the communist National Liberation Front ( NLF ) or Viet Cong . The operation began on January 8 , 1967 , and ended on January 28 , 1967 . Operation Cedar Falls was the largest American ground operation of the Vietnam war : Two Army divisions , one infantry and one paratrooper brigade , as well as one armored cavalry regiment participated in the operation ; altogether , Operation Cedar Falls involved 30,000 US and South Vietnamese troops . The Viet Cong , however , chose to evade this massive military force by either fleeing across the border to Cambodia or hiding in a complex system of underground tunnels . Nevertheless , the Allied forces uncovered and destroyed some of the tunnel complexes as well as large stockpiles of Viet Cong supplies . In the course of the operation , so-called tunnel rats were introduced to infiltrate Viet Cong tunnel systems . In an attempt to permanently destroy the Iron Triangle as a Viet Cong stronghold , Operation Cedar Falls also entailed the complete deportation of the region 's civilian population to so-called New Life Villages , the destruction of their homes , as well as the defoliation of whole areas . Most senior officers involved in planning and executing the operation later evaluated it as a success . Most journalists and military historians , however , paint a bleaker picture . They argue that Cedar Falls failed to achieve its main goal since the Viet Cong 's setback in the Iron Triangle proved to be only temporary . Moreover , critics argue that the harsh treatment of the civilian population was both morally questionable as well as detrimental to the US effort to win Vietnamese hearts and minds driving many into the ranks of the Viet Cong instead . Therefore , some authors cite Operation Cedar Falls as a major example for the misconceptions of the American strategy in Vietnam and for its morally troublesome consequences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3545711a2cc397152d720dce6c11dfee", "text": "John McCain presidential campaign, 2000 The 2000 presidential campaign of John McCain , the United States Senator from Arizona , began in September 1999 . He announced his run for the Republican Party nomination for the presidency of the United States in the 2000 presidential election . McCain was the main challenger to Texas Governor George W. Bush , who had the political and financial support of most of the party establishment . McCain staged an upset win in the February 2000 New Hampshire primary , capitalizing on a message of political reform and `` straight talk '' that appealed to moderate Republican and independent voters and to the press . McCain 's momentum was halted when Bush won the South Carolina primary later that month , in a contest that became famous for its bitter nature and an underground smear campaign run against McCain . McCain won some subsequent primaries , but after the March 2000 Super Tuesday contests he was well behind in delegates and withdrew . He grudgingly endorsed Bush two months later and made occasional appearances for him during the general election .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1089d69dce3515303e412ca86b23c97", "text": "Tet 1969 Tet 1969 refers to the attacks mounted by principally forces of North Vietnam and Viet Cong in February 1969 in South Vietnam during the Vietnam War , one year after the original Tet Offensive . Most attacks centered on military targets near Saigon and Da Nang and were quickly beaten off . Some speculate that the attacks were mounted to test the will of the new U.S. President Richard Nixon who retaliated by secretly bombing Communist sanctuaries in Cambodia the following month . Numerous U.S. bases were breached , these attacks were all beaten back but did inflict casualties and reinforced the fact that Communist forces were able to mount attacks at will . Intelligence had indicators of the pending attacks . On 19 February , a Hoi Chanh surrendered to ARVN forces and revealed a large VC force would attack key installations in the Saigon area to include Long Binh Post . Unfortunately , the reporting was delayed and did not reach Long Binh until the morning of 22 February 1969 , the day the Hoi Chanh warned the attacks were set to begin . After sundown on the 22nd , elements of the 274th VC Regiment , 5th VC Division made their final preparations while occupying three hills along Highway 15 . The regiment was located approximately three kilometers south of the base . That evening , several ambush squads from the 720th MP Battalion , 18th MP Brigade kept watch along potential avenues of approach to Long Binh Post . One of the MP ambush squads held a position within a kilometer of the VC stronghold . At 0200 hours on 23 February , the 274th VC Regiment initiated their attack with an estimated 78 rounds of rocket and mortar fire from their positions . The rounds landed on post with some igniting the POL fuel site east of the highway . The VC made several attempts to advance on the base , but were halted . Full-scale sweeping operations to secure the perimeter began just after noon that day . Armored Personnel Carriers and Sheridan armored reconnaissance vehicles supported the forces on the ground while Cobra gunships and Light Observation Helicopters provided air support . These units made occasional contact , often with NVA or VC who fought stubbornly from trenches and spider holes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a402ad8ca126907778e9a327b87029f", "text": "Straight Talk America Straight Talk America is a political action committee and intercampaign outreach vehicle created by Sen. John McCain . Originally formed during McCain 's 2000 bid for the Republican presidential nomination , it was revived again in 2005 , and then retired in 2007 as he announced his formal bid for the presidency in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "573d9b24e8cb9d8347ef5de04bef6cac", "text": "Richard Nixon Foundation The Richard Nixon Foundation is a not-for-profit organization based at the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum in Yorba Linda , California . It was founded in the late 1980s by Richard Nixon , 37th President of the United States , and served as the governing body of the Nixon Library for nearly twenty years . Today it operates the Nixon Library in conjunction with the National Archives and Records Administration , which is an entity of the federal government of the United States , in addition to undertaking charitable and education-based activities . The Nixon Foundation founded , controlled and operated the Nixon Library from the library 's dedication on July 19 , 1990 until July 11 , 2007 , at which the Foundation invited the National Archives to take control . The two entities signed a joint operating agreement which allowed the library to become officially known as the Richard Nixon Presidential Library , welcoming it into the national system of presidential libraries . This move allowed President Nixon 's White House documents to be moved to his library in Yorba Linda . The Nixon Foundation is governed by a Board of Directors , led by former Nixon White House Director of Presidential Advance Ronald H. Walker . The board includes President Nixon 's daughters Tricia Nixon Cox and Julie Nixon Eisenhower , his brother Edward Nixon , former Ambassador George Argyros former California Governor Pete Wilson , and longest-serving Vietnam War POW Everett Alvarez , Jr. . The Foundation 's President and CEO is William Baribault . The Foundation has hosted United States presidents , first ladies and several vice presidents . Also hosted have been public affairs commentators such as Bill O'Reilly , academics such as Doris Kearns Goodwin , and Supreme Court Justice Stephen Breyer . The library includes `` Meet the Presidents , '' in which presidential impersonators speak to several hundred school-aged children . To commemorate the 10th anniversary of the September 11 , 2001 attacks , the Nixon Foundation brought 16 tons of warped steel from the World Trade Center and a damaged , first-responder FDNY firetruck to the Nixon Library for viewing . Before the National Archives took over its management , the Nixon Library had been accused by several media outlets of glossing over Nixon 's 1974 resignation with `` whitewashed '' exhibits . In 2007 , the National Archives removed the 17 year old Watergate exhibit and , after three years , the new exhibit was scheduled to open in July 2010 . The Nixon Foundation objected to the proposed exhibit , because the Nixon Foundation was not consulted in the way that other presidential foundations had been consulted with similar situations . The Foundation filed a 158 page memorandum to the Assistant Archivist for Presidential Libraries expressing their dissatisfaction and NARA stated a committee would review the objection but gave no timeline for when that process would be concluded . The exhibit opened on March 31 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c0432c1a093721a057a2051ff77b853", "text": "Presidency of John F. Kennedy The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20 , 1961 , when he was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States , and ended on November 22 , 1963 , upon his assassination and death , a span of days . A Democrat , he took office following the 1960 presidential election , in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon . He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president , and , at age 43 , the youngest person elected to the office . He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency . Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age , as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly , and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by Cold War tensions with the Soviet Union and especially with Cuba . In Cuba , a failed attempt was made in April 1961 at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro . Kennedy 's administration subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , it was discovered that Soviet ballistic missiles had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of unease , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , is seen by many historians as the closest the human race has ever come to nuclear war between nuclear-armed belligerents . To contain Communist expansion in Asia , Kennedy increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over his predecessor , Dwight D. Eisenhower ; a further escalation of the American role in the Vietnam War took place after Kennedy 's death . In domestic politics Kennedy made bold proposals in his New Frontier agenda , but few were passed by Congress . He did establish of the Peace Corps , and intensify the Space Race . Kennedy took steps to support the Civil Rights Movement , and after his death his proposed civil rights bill was passed as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b3286c63bf3c3c483e2f72bdde55128", "text": "Theory of the two demons The theory of the two demons ( Teoría de los dos demonios ) is a rhetorical device used in Argentine political discourse to disqualify arguments that appear to morally equate violent political subversion with illegal repressive activities carried out by the state . Since the end of National Reorganization Process and the Dirty War , when guerrilla groups ( mainly left-wing Peronist Montoneros and the Trotskyist Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo or ERP ) were persecuted by the armed forces ( together with law enforcement agencies and paramilitary groups ) , this term has been in wide use by people mainly in human rights movements , the political left , and former guerrilla members and supporters . These people argue that a national state , even one controlled by a de facto government , can not be compared to a guerrilla or other subversive group , the difference being precisely that the institutions of a national state are supposed to act within the confines of law , even when using violence to fight outlaws . The term `` theory of the two demons '' is used pejoratively in left-wing discourse , and is attached to public personalities who plead to support `` national reconciliation '' , sometimes appealing to the Christian idea of `` forgive and forget '' , while ( allegedly ) having ulterior intentions . Since the image of the military has been tarnished by human rights abuses , economic chaos and the Falklands War defeat , accusers claim that advocates of right-wing repression must resort to reconciliation rhetoric , because a plain admission of support would disqualify them in the eyes of most Argentines . Since very few people actually endorse this `` theory '' , it can be said that , its usage in the political debate notwithstanding , it is actually a type of straw man argument .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9cd257cffe58ce0400dde5df6298c8d4", "text": "Nuclear Posture Review The Nuclear Posture Review is a process `` to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. security strategy should be . '' The first NPR of 2002 was the second of these quadrennial reviews of United States nuclear forces undertaken by the United States Department of Defense . The first took place in 1994 . The final report is National Security Classified and submitted to the Congress of the United States . The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the `` Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries , naming not only Russia and the `` axis of evil '' -- Iraq , Iran , and North Korea -- but also China , Libya and Syria . '' President Barack Obama 's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague , Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons . His NPR was hoped by observers to make concrete moves toward this goal . The finished 2010 policy renounces development of any new nuclear weapons such as the bunker-busters proposed by the Bush administration , and for the first time rules out a nuclear attack against non-nuclear-weapon states who are in compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . This rule pointedly excludes Iran and North Korea . As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review , the U.S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today 's threats . Rose Gottemoeller , U.S. Acting Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security , said in early June 2012 that the United States was considering what forces the United States needed to maintain for strategic stability and deterrence , including extended deterrence and assurance to U.S. Allies and partners . Based on this analysis the United States would develop proposals for potential further reductions in its nuclear stockpile .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d062d60b837a607f8aa58129090cc6d", "text": "Unclaimed Unclaimed is a 2013 Canadian documentary film about a man who claims to be former Special Forces Green Beret Master Sgt. John Hartley Robertson , who was declared dead after being shot down over Laos on a classified mission on 20 May 1968 . The documentary is written , directed , and produced by Michael Jorgensen . It follows Tom Faunce , a veteran of the Vietnam War , in tracking down the man who claimed to be Robertson . Faunce was skeptical of Robertson 's identity but eventually became convinced . He convinced Jorgensen to make a documentary about Robertson 's story as a way to unite the man with his American family . Leading up to the film 's release , the validity of Robertson 's identity was challenged by groups of Vietnam War veterans and groups that advocate the Vietnam War POW/MIA issue . Jean Robertson-Holley , Robertson 's surviving sister , was convinced the man was her brother but initially declined DNA testing as unnecessary . Eventually she and her daughter ( and Robertson 's niece ) Gail Metcalf expressed openness to going through with testing . The documentary was screened at the Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival on , 2013 . A day later , The Independent reported the contents of a memo from a 2009 report by the Defense Prisoner of War/Missing Personnel Office that the man who claimed to be Robertson was actually Dang Tan Ngoc , `` a 76-year-old Vietnamese citizen of French origin who has a history of pretending to be US army veterans '' .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b8d45a8e0bf1ed89ded06486925547a5
On the Road (film) features an American actor born in 1984.
[ { "docid": "b3ddde12ee699a96d7b94a97b91a0a35", "text": "On the Road (film) On the Road ( Sur la route ) is a 2012 adventure drama film directed by Walter Salles . It is an adaptation of Jack Kerouac 's 1957 novel of the same name and stars an ensemble cast featuring Garrett Hedlund , Sam Riley , Kristen Stewart , Alice Braga , Amy Adams , Tom Sturridge , Danny Morgan , Elisabeth Moss , Kirsten Dunst , and Viggo Mortensen . The executive producer was Francis Ford Coppola . Filming began on August 4 , 2010 , in Montreal , Quebec , with a $ 25 million budget . The story is based on the years Kerouac spent travelling the United States in the late 1940s with his friend Neal Cassady and several other Beat Generation figures who would go on to fame in their own right , including William S. Burroughs and Allen Ginsberg . On May 23 , 2012 , the film premiered in competition for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival . The film received mixed early reviews after it premiered at the film festival . The film also premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival in September .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e5183a2adca0b3bf140552b15aae033", "text": "Garrett Hedlund Garrett Hedlund ( born September 3 , 1984 ) is an American actor , model and singer . His films include Friday Night Lights ( 2004 ) , Troy ( 2004 ) , Four Brothers ( 2005 ) , Eragon ( 2006 ) , Country Strong ( 2010 ) , Tron : Legacy ( 2010 ) , On the Road ( 2012 ) , Inside Llewyn Davis ( 2013 ) , Unbroken ( 2014 ) , and Pan ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "0c62676f1ead72ff8028b3ff858749b9", "text": "Matt Cook (actor) Matt Cook ( born July 12 , 1984 in Harrisburg , Pennsylvania ) is an American actor known mostly for his roles as Mo McCracken on the TBS sitcom Clipped and , most recently , as Lowell in the CBS sitcom Man with a Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6e4fc4ab8c9bf68fe0c626c352a9c1d", "text": "Alphonso McAuley Alphonso McAuley ( born April 21 , 1984 ) is an American actor and a Viner with over 2.2 million followers . McAuley plays Cassius Sparks on Fox 's comedy television series Breaking In . McAuley played Bucky in the Fat Albert movie . He also played Orsten Artis in the 2006 film Glory Road , based on the true story of the Texas Western Miners , and Walt in the film Pride . He went on to co-star with Tatyana Ali in the sitcom Love That Girl ! . He also voiced the rooster Drake in The Lion of Judah . He is featured in the music video for Miracle by Matisyahu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "775dabd914c06e24470bfe9cc58915b6", "text": "Ryan Lane Ryan Lane ( born November 23 , 1987 ) is an American actor . Beginning his professional career at the age of nineteen , Lane is best known for his portrayal of Cincinnati Reds center-fielder William Ellsworth Hoy in the Documentary Channel biography Dummy Hoy : A Deaf Hero , and for his recurring role as Travis on the ABC Family drama series Switched at Birth , which earned him the RJ Mitte Diversity Award at the 2013 Media Access Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "917ebc38470a443012f61437a2612f63", "text": "Kim In-kwon Kim In-kwon ( born January 20 , 1978 ) is a South Korean actor . Known for playing memorable supporting characters , he starred in his first leading role in the sleeper hit He 's on Duty ( 2010 ) , followed by Almost Che ( 2012 ) , Born to Sing ( 2013 ) , and Apostle ( 2014 ) . Kim also directed and starred in the 2002 short film Shivski .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "024a1a63e9ac465e054131ee388f2f49", "text": "Chandler Canterbury Chandler Canterbury ( born December 15 , 1998 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "739c7204092089d361924d77b9a0f00b", "text": "Jesse Garcia Jesse Garcia ( born c. 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a49b348fa7d97168f54bd444fc259fc4", "text": "Riley Smith Riley Smith ( born April 12 , 1978 ) is an American actor . He is known for his roles on television , such as recurring roles in the series 24 , Joan of Arcadia , 90210 , True Blood and The Messengers , and starring roles on the television series Drive and Frequency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f0a22891c618d4ac4dbdffd031e24eb", "text": "Stephen Plunkett Stephen Plunkett ( born September 1 , 1981 ) is an American actor . He is most notable for his performances in The Mend which premiered at the 2014 South by Southwest Film Festival and Rolling on the Floor Laughing , which was featured at the Sundance Film Festival in 2011 . Plunkett is also known for his performances in New York theater , which include roles in War Horse , The Orphans ' Home Cycle , Gone Missing , This Beautiful City , On the Levee , London Wall , and Dada Woof Papa Hot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49e60592b5ee4f933b2a5c259feb4f33", "text": "Damaine Radcliff Damaine Anthony Radcliff ( born June 7 , 1979 ) , more commonly known as Damaine Radcliff , is an American film actor who was born in The Bronx , New York City . He is possibly most known for his roles in the movies Glory Road , Step Up and his parodies on his YouTube Channel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f787d0f63774c9d9164d3e5033b5b199", "text": "Noah Fleiss Noah Fleiss ( born April 16 , 1984 ) is an American film and television actor . He was born in White Plains , New York . He is known for his role as Chris in the video game Until Dawn . Fleiss 's great uncle is Professor Joseph L. Fleiss , and he is a distant relative of Dr. Paul Fleiss , Mike Fleiss , and Heidi Fleiss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bad19c3dce3757b5ea9404712dc5e510", "text": "Brent Ryan Green Brent Ryan Green ( born March 19 , 1984 ) is an American film director and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00112f748c7d5a7333aeaf2789f4ab7e", "text": "Phillip Van Dyke Phillip Van Dyke ( born June 13 , 1984 ) is an American actor best known for his role as the goblin Luke in the first two installments of the Halloweentown film series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c36283f72d79704adbc8ad864fbdd52b", "text": "William O'Connell (actor) William O'Connell ( born William L. O'Connell Jr. on August 20 , 1933 ) is an American film and television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45f30ee68ec15c6b70f83103f4839676", "text": "Wes Brown (actor) James Wesley `` Wes '' Brown ( born January 26 , 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7205e055bea795672602e0b22d72c6f9", "text": "Aaron Michael Metchik Aaron Michael Metchik ( born April 22 , 1980 ) , also credited as Aaron Metchik , is an American actor , writer , and director , known for his role as Steven Floyd Torkelson on The Torkelsons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d43bbbe67d1f2153779bd4361ac0aa0d", "text": "Michael Landon Jr. Michael Graham Landon Jr. ( born June 20 , 1964 ) is an American actor , director , writer , and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5cb8b1006e761a9aec22637e586760f8", "text": "Tommy Savas Tommy A. Savas ( born December 20 , 1984 ) is an American actor and producer . He is known for Roger Dodger ( 2002 ) , Seven Days ( 2007 ) , Extra Butter , Please ( 2011 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "261f359fcfd2ef5796d55fb14d7f9e0a", "text": "Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5ba7c104558fc8dab11e0d9b7da1ddb", "text": "Richard Wilson (Australian actor) Richard Wilson ( born 23 October 1984 in Leicester , Leicestershire , England ) is a British-born Australian actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e274bd0b61953860b225d376b115c1bf", "text": "Joseph Ashton (actor) Joseph Ashton Valencia ( born November 18 , 1986 ) is an American film actor and voice actor .", "title": "" } ]
fever
52245ea828ad51ccee796635192c43a9
Jean Grey was featured in all three X-Men animated series.
[ { "docid": "274065cd4e3972ccdc63832e6cc65a99", "text": "Jean Grey Jean Grey-Summers ( born Jean Elaine Grey ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character has been known under the aliases Marvel Girl , Phoenix , and Dark Phoenix . Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Jack Kirby , the character first appeared in The X-Men # 1 ( September 1963 ) . Jean Grey is a member of a subspecies of humans known as mutants , who are born with superhuman abilities . She was born with telepathic and telekinetic powers . Her powers first manifested when she saw her childhood friend being hit by a car . She is a caring , nurturing figure , but she also has to deal with being an Omega-level mutant and the physical manifestation of the cosmic Phoenix Force . Jean Grey experienced a transformation into the Phoenix in the X-Men storyline `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' . She has faced death numerous times in the history of the series . Her first death was under her guise as Marvel Girl , when she died and was `` reborn '' as Phoenix in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' . This transformation led to her second death , which was suicide , though not her last . She is an important figure in the lives of other Marvel Universe characters , mostly the X-Men , including her husband Cyclops , her mentor and father figure Charles Xavier , her unrequited love interest Wolverine , her best friend and sister-like figure Storm , and her genetic children Rachel Summers , X-Man , Cable , and Stryfe . The character was present for much of the X-Men 's history , and she was featured in all three X-Men animated series and several video games . She is a playable character in X-Men Legends ( 2004 ) , X-Men Legends II : Rise of Apocalypse ( 2005 ) , Marvel Ultimate Alliance 2 ( 2009 ) , Marvel vs Capcom 3 : Fate of Two Worlds ( 2011 ) , Marvel Heroes ( 2013 ) , and Lego Marvel Super Heroes ( 2013 ) , and appeared as a non-playable in the first Marvel : Ultimate Alliance . Famke Janssen portrayed the character in five installments of the X-Men films . Sophie Turner portrays a younger version in the 2016 film X-Men : Apocalypse . In 2006 , IGN rated Jean Grey 6th on their list of top 25 X-Men from the past forty years , and in 2011 , IGN ranked her 13th in the `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' . Her Dark Phoenix persona was ranked 9th in IGN 's `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains of All Time '' list , the highest rank for a female character .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a8e43ceabcbdcdbe277851ca3fc16721", "text": "White Dragon (comics) White Dragon is the name of three characters from Marvel Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ef39a4cda4adbb0060de2eb8f3a2da8", "text": "X-Men (TV series) X-Men , also known as X-Men : The Animated Series , is an American animated television series which debuted on October 31 , 1992 , in the United States on the Fox Network , as part of its Fox Kids Saturday morning lineup . X-Men was Marvel Comics ' second attempt at an animated X-Men TV series after the pilot , X-Men : Pryde of the X-Men , was not picked up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2eb3315f31e5b52a75c52649bbed2a00", "text": "He-Man and the Masters of the Universe He-Man and the Masters of the Universe is an American animated television series produced by Filmation based on Mattel 's toy line Masters of the Universe . The show , often referred to as simply He-Man , was one of the most popular animated children 's shows of the 1980s , and has retained a heavy cult following to this day . It made its television debut in 1983 and ran until 1985 , consisting of two seasons of 65 episodes each . Reruns continued to air in syndication until 1988 , at which point USA Network bought the rights to the series . USA aired He-Man until September 1990 . Reruns of the show are no longer being broadcast on the Qubo Night Owl nor on Retro Television Network in the US , but the show is now available on Netflix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c73fff0da18af7d03ae0f1eaff175c8", "text": "Three Words (The X-Files) `` Three Words '' is the sixteenth episode of the eighth season ( and the 177th episode overall ) of the science fiction television series The X-Files . It first aired in the United States and Canada on April 8 , 2001 , on Fox . It was written by executive producers Chris Carter and Frank Spotnitz , and directed by Tony Wharmby . The episode explores the series ' overarching mythology and earned a Nielsen rating of 7.6 and was viewed by 7.77 million households , receiving mixed to positive reviews from television critics . The show centers on FBI special agents Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) , Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) and John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) who work on cases linked to the paranormal , called X-Files . In this episode , Mulder secretly conducts his own investigation after a man is gunned down on the White House lawn attempting to inform the President of a planned alien invasion . However , he is soon in over his head as he tries to expose further evidence of colonization . The episode was written as a way to signal Mulder 's exit from the FBI . The producers and writers felt that , if Mulder 's character was given a clean exit , the show could more easily focus on the characters of John Doggett and Monica Reyes in the following season . Former series star and recurring actor David Duchovny later declared that he had been happy to see his character depart in this manner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e31a88f972125866e8085cb8fe73ca52", "text": "Wolverine (comic book) Wolverine is a number of Marvel Comics comic book series starring the X-Men member Wolverine . As of April 2013 , 323 issues and 11 annuals have been published . It is the original flagship title created for the character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b745d737f327c072b5ae2865b0a97bff", "text": "Fixx Fixx is a fictional mutant character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as originating from an alternate future . She is a member of X-Factor , X.S.E. , and X.U.E. . She first appeared in X-Factor ( 1st . series ) # 140 . Fixx was created by Howard Mackie and Duncan Rouleau .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e3ea1d34b486fc70b45102c3d909e8", "text": "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise . The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot . This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d", "text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "275eb3e33def924426a2b08292171fe9", "text": "The X-Files (season 9) The ninth season of the American science fiction television series The X-Files commenced airing in the United States on November 11 , 2001 , concluded on May 19 , 2002 , and consists of twenty episodes . The season takes place after Fox Mulder ( David Duchovny ) goes into hiding , following the events of the eighth season finale , `` Existence '' . As such , the main storyarc for the season follows Dana Scully ( Gillian Anderson ) , John Doggett ( Robert Patrick ) , and Monica Reyes ( Annabeth Gish ) on their hunt to reveal a government conspiracy involving the elaborate creation of `` Super Soldiers '' . For this season , former series ' leads Duchovny and Anderson scaled back their involvement with the show , with the former only starring in the two episodes that formed the season finale , `` The Truth '' . Doggett and Reyes became the show 's central characters , and former recurring character Walter Skinner ( Mitch Pileggi ) became a main character . Series creator Chris Carter had hopes that the show could continue on with new leads , and the opening credits were accordingly redesigned again . Season nine received mixed reviews by critics and garnered negative reaction from many long-time fans and viewers , partially because Duchovny did not make regular appearances on the show , after fulfilling his contract in the previous season . During this year , ratings for the season fell dramatically . Critics blamed it on what they considered an increasingly incoherent story arc , whilst the cast and crew ascribed the drop in viewership to the September 11 attacks . Regardless , Fox eventually decided to cancel the series . During the airing of season eight , Carter and The X-Files production team had created and aired a spinoff titled The Lone Gunmen . The show was unsuccessful and was cancelled before any story arcs were resolved , but The X-Files episode `` Jump the Shark '' was written to give closure to the series . The X-Files storyline was continued with the 2008 theatrical film The X Files : I Want to Believe and later with a tenth season in 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68769985a638d31ccf597e3b13f68cfc", "text": "X-Men: Legacy X-Men : Legacy is a comic book series published by Marvel Comics featuring the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . The title began its publication in October 1991 as X-Men . From 2001 until 2004 it was published as New X-Men . It had reverted in issue # 157 to its original title , but changed again from issue # 208 to X-Men : Legacy . Prior to the name change , the series is usually referred to as X-Men , vol . 2 because the first series , currently Uncanny X-Men , was titled The X-Men prior to 1981 . In addition , a new unrelated ongoing series titled X-Men was later released starting in 2010 , and is generally referred to as X-Men , vol . 3 . X-Men : Legacy was relaunched in 2012 as part of Marvel NOW ! with a new issue # 1 . The new volume , written by Simon Spurrier , focuses on Legion , son of the recently deceased Professor X , and his mission to preemptively help mutantkind while attempting to get his many personalities under control . The volume ended its run after 25 issues in March 2014 , but not before reverting to its original numbering with the final issue , X-Men : Legacy # 300 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f5dfc7e2a692b19fc9beccd9edcca78", "text": "Loa (comics) Loa ( Alani Ryan ) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . A mutant , Loa is a student at the Xavier Institute . She made her debut in New X-Men : Academy X # 5 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5634cf8095139d0e09af1034178a7070", "text": "Dark X-Men The Dark X-Men are a fictional team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They made their debut during the crossover between Dark Avengers and Uncanny X-Men written by Matt Fraction , as part of the broader Dark Reign storyline . Each member but Namor has been handpicked by then -- H.A.M.M.E.R. director Norman Osborn for his own criminal agenda . The team was never officially called the `` Dark X-Men '' ( which was the name of the comics series , not the team ) . Instead , they were simply called the `` X-Men '' and were a government-sponsored team trying to take advantage of the name recognition of Charles Xavier 's X-Men , to which they had no official connection ( much like Osborn 's Avengers team was pretending to be the real Avengers ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f70baff569a8022a98a92db2243646a", "text": "Avengers vs. X-Men Avengers vs. X-Men ( abbreviated AvX and AvsX ) is a 2012 crossover event that was featured in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The event , consisting of an eponymous limited series and numerous tie-in books , involves the return of the Phoenix Force and the subsequent war between the Avengers and the X-Men . The 12-issue twice-monthly series was first published in April 2012 , and features a storyline by Jason Aaron , Brian Michael Bendis , Ed Brubaker , Jonathan Hickman and Matt Fraction , with a rotating team of artists including John Romita , Jr. , Olivier Coipel and Adam Kubert . The event was preceded by the four-issue limited series Avengers : X-Sanction by Jeph Loeb and Ed McGuinness and Avengers vs. X-Men # 0 . Avengers vs. X-Men also ties into the limited series AVX : VS , described as `` the fight book '' which expands upon many of the one-on-one battles featured in the main series , the digital series ; Avengers vs. X-Men : Infinite , and into a number of ongoing series including Avengers , Avengers Academy , New Avengers , Secret Avengers , Uncanny X-Men , Wolverine and the X-Men and X-Men : Legacy . The event was succeeded by the limited series AvX : Consequences . Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics , Avengers vs. X-Men was a commercial success that topped the comic-book sales charts from April to October 2012 . The repercussions of the storyline resulted in the new status quos of the Marvel Universe presented in the company 's Marvel NOW ! relaunch initiative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6aec0a007e477d6278c4bf612f0f5b6", "text": "Planet X (comics) `` Planet X '' is 2004 storyline published by Marvel Comics that ran from New X-Men # 146-150 . The story is the penultimate arc of Grant Morrison 's run as writer on the X-Men , and features the return of Magneto and the death of Jean Grey again .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7873318adf22f34046fa50e46b51a7b", "text": "Phineas and Ferb: Mission Marvel Phineas and Ferb : Mission Marvel is a cross-over episode of the animated series Phineas and Ferb , that featured characters from Marvel Entertainment , specifically in their incarnations from the Marvel Universe shows on Disney XD . It aired on August 16 , 2013 , on Disney Channel and on August 25 , 2013 , on Disney XD . The special was released on DVD on October 1 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df6c32d32acd25ab2418ed5836f07b7d", "text": "Scarlet Witch Scarlet Witch ( Wanda Maximoff ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character first appeared in X-Men # 4 ( March 1964 ) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby . The character has since starred in two self-titled limited series with husband the Vision , and has historically been depicted as a regular team member in superhero title The Avengers . Scarlet Witch has the superhuman ability to alter reality in unspecific ways . In most depictions , she is a mutant , a human born with natural superhuman powers . Originally revealed to be the daughter of the Golden Age superhero Whizzer , it was later established she and her twin brother Quicksilver were the children of X-Men villain Magneto , and the half-siblings of his daughter Polaris . This parentage was their status quo until 2014 , when a further retcon revealed that she and Quicksilver were in fact non-mutants who had been kidnapped and experimented on by the High Evolutionary , and then misled to believe that Magneto was their father . The character was ranked 97th in Wizard 's `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , 12th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' , and 14th in Comics Buyer 's Guide 's `` 100 Sexiest Women in Comics '' list . The character has appeared in other Marvel-endorsed products such as animated films ; arcade and video games ; television series and merchandise such as action figures and trading cards . Elizabeth Olsen portrays Scarlet Witch in the Marvel Cinematic Universe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b", "text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "261c8bdf442b97cea31f68b61975d081", "text": "Abyss (comics) Abyss is a name used for three distinct characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a6f8aaaf3a491cbacc85713bdace648", "text": "Grey Grey ( British English ) or gray ( American English ; see spelling differences ) is an intermediate color between black and white . It is a neutral or achromatic color , meaning literally that it is a color `` without color . '' This means that there are equal components of red , green , and blue . The variations in intensity of these colors uniformly produce different shades of grey . It is the color of a cloud-covered sky , of ash and of lead . The first recorded use of grey as a color name in the English language was in AD 700 . Grey is the dominant spelling in European and Commonwealth English , although gray remained in common usage in the UK until the second half of the 20th century . Gray has been the preferred American spelling since approximately 1825 , although grey is an accepted variant . In Europe and the United States , surveys show that grey is the color most commonly associated with neutrality , conformity , boredom , uncertainty , old age , indifference , and modesty . Only one percent of respondents chose it as their favorite color .", "title": "" } ]
fever
621b9ebdb30d44c798d242266f8855fa
Gil Sharone started production on an album in November.
[ { "docid": "2272a4017f777e855247675b44336fbf", "text": "Gil Sharone Gil Sharone is an American drummer and member of the band Stolen Babies , Marilyn Manson , Team Sleep , and formerly The Dillinger Escape Plan . He was also a fill in for punk rock band +44 . His twin brother is Rani Sharone , also of Stolen Babies . He is highly regarded as one of the most versatile touring/session drummers in the world . Sharone supported Mark Hoppus 's band +44 when Travis Barker broke his arm . Gil toured around Europe , Japan and Australia with +44 in early 2007 , it is believed he learned all of +44 's setlist on the flight from America to Europe . He played on Travis 's OCDP Drum Kit , which is a custom made transparent green . He started using Drum Workshop drums and hardware in October 2011 . Sharone also recorded the drum tracks on the third Dillinger Escape Plan record Ire Works , and joined the band during all of their tour dates in 2008 ( he played the European tour in early 2008 both with Dillinger and also as support with Stolen Babies ) . Gil also performed on Maynard James Keenan 's V Is for Vagina album by Puscifer . In January 2009 , it was announced that Sharone had parted ways with Dillinger Escape Plan , due to his focus on Stolen Babies and other personal projects including his DVD , Wicked Beats , based on the drumming styles of Ska , Rocksteady and Reggae . Wicked Beats will be released through Hudson Music late 2010 . Sharone played Teenage Alex on an episode of Full House along with his twin brother , who played Teenage Nicky . As of November 2013 , Sharone began working with Marilyn Manson on a new album . On January 15 , 2015 The Pale Emperor was released . Sharone is currently working on the follow up Heaven Upside Down due to be released in Summer 2017 . Sharone was featured on Reggae Grammy winners Morgan Heritage track `` So Amazing '' on the album Strictly Roots ( 2016 ) . You can also hear his work playing on the film scores to `` John Wick , '' `` John Wick 2 , '' `` Slackers '' and the TV shows , `` Salem , '' `` Kingdom , '' and the Netflix series `` The Punisher ( 2017 ) . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be000c03f54615327670cef5019a7179", "text": "Marilyn Manson (band) Marilyn Manson is an American rock band formed by singer Marilyn Manson and guitarist Daisy Berkowitz in Fort Lauderdale , Florida , in 1989 . Originally named Marilyn Manson & the Spooky Kids , they gained a local cult following in South Florida in the early 1990s with their theatrical live performances . In 1993 , they were the first act signed to Trent Reznor 's Nothing Records label . Until 1996 , the name of each member was created by combining the first name of an iconic female sex symbol and the last name of an iconic serial killer , for example Marilyn Monroe and Charles Manson . Their lineup has changed between many of their album releases ; the current members of Marilyn Manson are the eponymous lead singer ( the only remaining original member ) , bassist Twiggy Ramirez , guitarists Paul Wiley and Tyler Bates , keyboardist/percussionist Daniel Fox , and drummer Gil Sharone . In the past , band members dressed in outlandish makeup and costumes , and engaged in intentionally shocking behavior both onstage and off . Their lyrics often received criticism for their anti-religious sentiment and references to sex , violence and drugs , while their live performances were frequently called offensive and obscene . On several occasions , protests and petitions led to the group being blocked from performing , with at least three US states passing legislation banning the group from performing at state-owned venues . They released a number of platinum-selling albums , including Antichrist Superstar ( 1996 ) and Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) . These albums , along with their highly-stylized music videos and worldwide touring , brought public recognition to Marilyn Manson . In 1999 , news media falsely blamed the band for influencing the perpetrators of the Columbine massacre . As this controversy began to wane throughout the 2000s , so did the band 's mainstream popularity . Despite this , Jon Wiederhorn of MTV , in June 2003 , referred to Marilyn Manson as `` the only true artist today '' . Marilyn Manson is widely regarded as being one of the most iconic and controversial figures in heavy metal music , with the band and its lead singer influencing numerous other groups and musicians , both in metal-associated acts and also in wider popular culture . VH1 ranked Marilyn Manson as the seventy-eighth best rock band on their 100 Great Artists of Hard Rock . They were inducted into the Kerrang ! Hall of Fame in 2000 , and have been nominated for four Grammy Awards . In the US , the band has seen eight of its releases debut in the top ten , including two number-one albums . Marilyn Manson have sold in excess of 60 million records worldwide .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d688c74d022fee9f343a919012aa174b", "text": "Sides (album) Sides is the fourth solo album from former Genesis guitarist Anthony Phillips . It was released in 1979 by Passport Records . For a limited period it was sold bundled with a complimentary copy of his Private Parts and Pieces album . This album was produced by Rupert Hine and intended for a mainstream audience . On the original LP , side one showcased shorter pop songs , while side two highlighted longer , more progressive pieces . Genesis crew members Dan Owen and Dale Newman provide vocals on some tracks . Peter Cross did the artwork for the album . The album was first released on CD in 1990 by Virgin Records . This original CD release contained two extra tracks : `` Souvenir '' and an instrumental version of `` Magdalen '' . As part of Voiceprint 's continued re-issuing campaign of Ant 's back catalogue , the album was re-issued in 2010 as an expanded 2 CD edition . The album is newly re-mastered from the original master tapes by Simon Heyworth and includes the non-album track `` Souvenir '' as an extra track on the first CD . This is in keeping with the track order of the original CD release . The second CD contains variations and alternate mixes of the songs from the album including some unique new mixes which have been made from the original multi-track masters especially for the release . The instrumental version of `` Magdalen '' , which appeared as bonus track at the end of the original CD issue , has been moved to the second disc of this release . Also included is the edited single version of `` Um & Aargh '' which has not previously been available on CD . The second CD also contains two tracks originally intended for inclusion on the original album . `` Catch You When You Fall '' was recorded for the album but was left off because Ant was unhappy with the lyrics . A rough mix was included on Archive Collection Volume One , the version included on the bonus CD is newly mixed in instrumental form from the 24-track master . `` Before The Night '' was left off the album in place of `` Bleak House '' as it was decided to include only one piano-based ballad . On April 22 , 2016 , Esoteric Recordings ( a Cherry Red Records label ) released a 4-disc deluxe edition of the album . Disc 1 contains a 2016 stereo remix of the album . Disc 2 contains the bonus material ( as on the 2010 release ) . Disc 3 contains a remastered version of the original stereo mix of the album . Disc 4 contains a 2016 5.1 surround sound mix of the album on a DVD . The deluxe edition also includes a poster and a 20-page booklet with photos and extensive liner notes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f", "text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42fca9b233d637df0439dab5f456884a", "text": "Radio Salone Radio Salone is the third album from the vivacious Sierra Leone 's Refugee All Stars . Jumping in with well-known producer Victor Axelrod aka `` Ticklah , '' who has worked with the likes of Sharon Jones & The Dap-Kings , Amy Winehouse and the Easy Star All Stars , the Refugee All Stars have put together what is supposed to be there most exciting album yet . With two records in their pockets , Sierra Leone 's Refugee All Stars blend the vibrant sounds of traditional West Africa , along with the all the grooves they picked up throughout their travels since their formation . Their previous album Rise & Shine was recorded in New Orleans , adding a jazzy flare to the recording process . Now , Radio Salone , a product of an immensely storied West African band and their renowned Brooklyn producer , is set up to bring a new spin on an evolving group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b77d0bbe2c42214177e0e2f81d499fc9", "text": "A Period of Transition A Period of Transition is the ninth studio album by Northern Irish singer/songwriter Van Morrison , released in 1977 ( see 1977 in music ) . It was his first album in two and a half years , largely forgotten or overlooked by most casual fans . At the time of its release it was received with some disappointment by critics and fans : `` Most were hoping for a work of primeval vocal aggression that would challenge the emerging élite of Morrison pretenders , whose ranks included Bruce Springsteen , Bob Seger , Phil Lynott , Graham Parker and Elvis Costello . '' However , the album is still notable for several major compositions , including `` Heavy Connection , '' `` Flamingos Fly , '' `` The Eternal Kansas City '' and `` Cold Wind in August '' . Morrison had appeared in The Last Waltz with Mac Rebennack ( Dr. John ) who was a co-producer on this album as well as playing keyboards and guitar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5", "text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b385e012070856584bac8122aadb78be", "text": "Hotel Cabana Hotel Cabana is the debut studio album by British record producer Shahid `` Naughty Boy '' Khan , released from 23 August 2013 through Naughty Boy Recordings and Virgin EMI . Khan set up his Naughty Boy Productions record and production company . He would find his break by producing Chipmunk 's 2009 top-ten single `` Diamond Rings '' , featuring a then unknown Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy released his own debut single as a signed artist in 2010 . `` Never Be Your Woman '' samples White Town 's 1997 number-one single `` Your Woman '' and featured British grime artist Wiley and Sandé on the chorus ; it reached the top ten in the UK and is included as a bonus track on Hotel Cabana . The collaboration marked the start of a partnership between Naughty Boy and Sandé which is seen throughout Hotel Cabana and Sandé 's debut set , Our Version of Events ( 2012 ) . Hotel Cabana is R&B , soul , garage , pop and hip hop music productions record , with influences from orchestral and Bollywood music . Naughty Boy describes it as an `` audio-visual experience '' and a concept album based on a luxury hotel where musicians come to perform . Hotel Cabana reunites Naughty Boy with Sandé on eight collaborations , as well as features from other British artists such George the Poet , Sam Smith , Bastille , Tinie Tempah , Ella Eyre , Gabrielle , Wretch 32 , Mic Righteous , Maiday , Chasing Grace , Ed Sheeran , and American rapper Wiz Khalifa , who appears on the album 's fourth single overall , `` Think About It '' , with Eyre . Ava Stokes , Tanika , Thabo and RØMANS make additional appearances on the US version of the album which was released by Virgin Records on 6 May 2014 . Prior to release , Hotel Cabana was promoted with several video trailers which included the collaborating artists arriving at the fictional hotel . It was also preceded by the release of three singles , including the two top-ten Sandé collaborations : `` Wonder '' and `` Lifted '' , as well as the UK Singles Chart-topper `` La La La '' ( featuring Sam Smith ) . Upon release , the album received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who praised the production , but with some criticism towards the concept , execution and some collaborations . Hotel Cabana made its chart debuts at number two in the UK , number five in Scotland and twenty-five in Ireland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d1b80717014a49c44b43d31e9f96438", "text": "Embrya Embrya is the second studio album by American recording artist Maxwell , released on June 30 , 1998 , by Columbia Records . As on his 1996 debut album Maxwell 's Urban Hang Suite , he collaborated with record producer and Sade collaborator Stuart Matthewman . A neo soul album , Embrya features heavy basslines , string arrangements , and an emphasis on groove over melodies . It has themes of love and spirituality . Embrya sold more than one million copies and garnered Maxwell a new alternative fanbase , but confounded urban consumers and was not well received by most critics . The album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ff0db66024ddcf8bc7a58327af2ab1d1", "text": "From Elvis in Memphis From Elvis in Memphis is the fifteenth studio album by American rock and roll singer Elvis Presley , released on RCA Records . It was recorded at American Sound Studio in Memphis in January and February 1969 under the direction of producer Chips Moman and backed by its house band , informally known as `` The Memphis Boys '' . Following the success of Presley 's 1968 Christmas television special and its soundtrack , the album marked Presley 's return to non-soundtrack albums after the completion of his film contract with Paramount Pictures . Presley 's entourage convinced him to leave the RCA studios and record this album at American Sound , a new Memphis studio at the peak of a hit-producing streak . The reason for going to Moman 's studio was for the soul sound of the house band , ` the Memphis Boys ' . The predominance of country songs among those recorded in these sessions gives them the feel of the `` country soul '' style . This impression is emphasized by the frequent use of the dobro in the arrangements . In any case , the Memphis Boys have a solidly southern soul sound . From Elvis in Memphis was released in June 1969 to favorable reviews . The album peaked at number 13 on the Billboard 200 , number two on the country charts and number one in the United Kingdom , and its single `` In the Ghetto '' reached number three on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970 . In later years , it garnered further favorable reviews , while it was ranked number 190 on Rolling Stone magazine 's 2003 list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "319eddcea1a542613c72644a6753bd1b", "text": "Gil Norton Gil Norton ( born in Liverpool ) is an English record producer known for his work with Alternative rock bands such as Pixies , Echo & the Bunnymen , Foo Fighters , Tribe , Jimmy Eat World , Dashboard Confessional , Feeder , The Distillers , Maxïmo Park , Counting Crows , Terrorvision , The Triffids , Del Amitri , James , The Feelers , The Beekeepers , Twin Atlantic , General Fiasco and Span . In 2001 , he began to work with The Strokes on their debut album Is This It , but he was replaced by Gordon Raphael .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2922456af640137e0ae590ce8f9dad0d", "text": "400 Degreez 400 Degreez is the 3rd studio album by Magnolia Projects , New Orleans , Louisiana-based rapper Juvenile . The album was released on November 3 , 1998 , on Cash Money Records . It remains Juvenile 's best-selling album of his solo career and currently the best-selling album ever released on Cash Money Records along with Drake 's Views ( album ) . The album was certified 4x Platinum by the RIAA , on December 19 , 1999 . Two singles , `` Ha '' and `` Back That Azz Up '' became hip hop hits in the United States . `` Back That Azz Up '' peaked at # 19 on the Billboard Hot 100 music chart along with `` Ha '' which peaked at # 68 on the hot 100 music chart . The album peaked at # 2 on Billboard 's Top R&B / Hip Hop Albums music chart and at # 9 on the Billboard 200 music chart in 1999 . It also went to claim the # 1 position on the Top R&B / Hip Hop Albums chart on the Billboard Year-End chart for 1999 . As a single , `` Back That Azz Up '' was released , credited , and charted as the more censored `` Back That Thang Up '' . Also the album features a bonus remix of the single `` Ha '' with New York rapper Jay-Z , the only guest appearance outside of Cash Money and the 1st time Ca $ h Money collaborated with an east coast rapper on a song . As of 2013 , 400 Degreez has sold well over 5 million copies worldwide . The album won R&B Album Of The Year at the 1999 Billboard Music Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e132fd84164e7d849baa5c52b9e3602", "text": "Olé (Azúcar Moreno album) Olé is the ninth studio album by Spanish duo Azúcar Moreno , released on Sony International in 1998 . After the commercial success of the 1996 album Esclava De Tu Piel which had produced five hit singles followed by `` Muévete Salvaje '' from the 1997 hits compilation Mucho Azúcar - Grandes Éxitos , Azúcar Moreno teamed up with producer Ricardo `` Eddy '' Martinez in Miami again for the recording of 1998 album Olé . The album included further original material from Spanish singer Miguel Gallardo and Luis Cabañas , the team that had composed most of the singles on the preceding Esclava De Tu Piel , collaborations between Gallardo and David Ferrero and Pedro del Moral , songs by producer Richardo `` Eddy '' Martinez and it also saw one of the Salazar sisters , Encarna , making her debut as composer on the track `` Dime Que Me Quieres '' . Production-wise Olé followed the winning combination of up-to-date club beats fused with flamenco and rock and contrasting R&B influenced ballads and rumbas , arrangement-wise the album differed slightly to its predecessor as it featured live strings on several titles . The album also closes with the acoustic `` No Pretenderás '' , with instrumentation of just flamenco guitars and palmas - and a guest appearance by the duo 's brothers Los Chunguitos . The lead single was the title track `` Olé '' , just like `` Sólo Se Vive Una Vez '' musically influenced by contemporary dance genres like reggaeton and dancehall but , as the title suggests , lyrically a tribute to the duo 's native Spain . `` Olé '' was also released as two separate remix singles , the second entitled Olé - The Summer '99 Remixes featuring the track remixed and with additional production by renowned Latin remixer , DJ , music producer and arranger Pablo Flores , best known for being Gloria Estefan 's personal remixer but also for having co-produced major hits for among others Madonna , Chayanne , Shakira and Ricky Martin . Flores ' Club Mix of `` Olé '' was substantially rearranged from the original , not just by speeding up the tempo for the dancefloor but by adding new orchestration of brass , flamenco guitars and castanets to emphasize the song 's lyrics and the track proved to be another big hit single for Azúcar Moreno in both Spain and Latin America . The second single released and second big hit was '' ¡ Mecachis ! '' ( `` Mechachis en la mar '' a mildly profane expression , roughly translated as `` Damnit ! '' ) , a midtempo dance track again written by Miguel Gallardo and Luis Cabañas and also issued with a series of dance remixes on the ¡ Mechachis ! - The Alabim-Bom-Ba-Remixes release , mixed by co-producers Pedro del Moral and David Ferrero . Further hit singles from the album include `` Cumbaya '' , the double A-side `` Ese Beso '' / `` No Pretenderás '' and `` Agua Que No Has De Beber '' . While Olé did n't manage to match the extraordinary sales figures of the preceding Esclava De Tu Piel - half a million in Spain alone - it did sell some two-hundred thousand copies and was later awarded double platinum in Spain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5258f5d681632bb99f0fb4798a22282a", "text": "Merry Christmas II You Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released by Island Records on November 2 , 2010 . Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant . She was the executive producer of Merry Christmas II You and worked with various record producers , including Bryan-Michael Cox , Jermaine Dupri , Randy Jackson , James Poyser , Marc Shaiman , James `` Big Jim '' Wright and Johnny `` Sev '' Severin of RedOne . The album features Carey 's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on `` O Come All Ye Faithful '' / `` Hallelujah Chorus '' . The album is composed of original songs and covers , ballads and uptempo tracks . It incorporates R&B , soul and house music in its composition . The album received mixed reviews from music critics , who complimented its relaxed yet lively and contemporary feel , while others felt it was predictable and too overproduced in places . It debuted at number four on the United States Billboard 200 album chart , and reached number one on both the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and Holiday Albums chart . It was later certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments exceeding 500,000 copies . Elsewhere , however , the album failed to make an impact , reaching the top thirty in Australia and Hungary , and the top fifty in Austria and Italy . It missed out on the top one-hundred in the United Kingdom by one position , peaking at one-hundred and one on the albums chart . The album produced four singles , including the US Adult Contemporary record-breaking song `` Oh Santa ! '' . It reached number-one in its second week , the quickest ascent in the history of the chart and the only song to do so . Other singles included `` Auld Lang Syne ( The New Year 's Anthem ) '' , a single release version of `` When Christmas Comes '' in 2011 with John Legend and `` Christmas Time Is in the Air Again '' in 2012 . To support the album , Carey made promotional appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and Lopez Tonight , and hosted her own television special called Mariah Carey : Merry Christmas to You .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f086a337d4cb32ad387c51f1c089d23", "text": "(re)Production ( re ) Production is the twenty-third solo album by rock musician Todd Rundgren that was recorded and released in 2011 . For this album , Rundgren re-recorded songs that he had produced for other bands across his career , including Meat Loaf , Hall & Oates , The Tubes and Grand Funk Railroad . ( re ) Production gives these songs a much more modern sheen , incorporating elements of electronic dance music and synthpop . The work was created during the MyRecordFantasy Camp sessions at the Track Shack in January 2011 arranged by the label Gigatone Records . Album packaging includes samples of cover art submissions by fans . Alternate covers were used for International , Domestic , and online versions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "781d73c4ac7e5b78f1e99dbb7bf3d7e7", "text": "Seasons (The Verses album) Seasons is the debut album from Australian band The Verses . Its original release date was set for 6 August 2010 , but was delayed a week . The album was recorded in Los Angeles with producer Mitchell Froom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce231c27b64001349fdfef0d4fa3ff23", "text": "Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings Sharon Jones & the Dap-Kings were an American funk and soul band signed to Daptone Records . They were part of a revivalist movement recreating mid-1960s to mid-1970 style funk and soul music . In December 2014 , the band was nominated for a Grammy , in the category Best R&B Album of the Year for Give the People What They Want .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "749b42ab8b02f20cf42defe1994af5bb", "text": "Classic Christmas (Billy Gilman album) Classic Christmas is an album of Christmas music by the country music singer Billy Gilman , released in 2000 on Epic Records . It was certified Gold by the RIAA . `` Warm and Fuzzy '' was released as a single and reached # 50 on the Billboard Country chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31eeacd1bd9fc7c5f991d1e2fd085f7b", "text": "¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock . The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3faf001ecc7a4afe27fa77ca25afebe0", "text": "Sparkle (Sparkle album) Sparkle is the 1998 self -- titled debut album by American singer , Sparkle . It was released on May 20 , 1998 through Interscope Records and was entirely produced by her mentor R. Kelly . The album was a success in large part to the Sparkle-R . Kelly duet `` Be Careful '' , which peaked at 3 on the Rhythmic Top 40 and 1 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay . The album itself peaked at 3 on the Billboard 200 and was certified platinum on December 7 , 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "931f03e842f53118f1e5dd9a2ada8e6f", "text": "Snowfall: The Tony Bennett Christmas Album Snowfall : The Tony Bennett Christmas Album is a 1968 studio album by Tony Bennett , his first Christmas album . It was arranged and conducted by Robert Farnon . Even though they have been friends since the early 1950s , Bennett and Farnon had not recorded together before , Bennett having such reverence for Farnon 's work that he felt he `` was n't ready ... ( and ) not developed enough as an artist to record with him '' . Farnon , who normally recorded in London , came to New York City for one of the two sessions that produced this album . Six tracks were recorded at Columbia 's recording studios in New York City , and four in London . In Bennett 's autobiography , he recalls that the New York session was attended by such notable American arrangers as Don Costa , Marion Evans and Torrie Zito , all curious to see how Farnon worked . Quincy Jones subsequently threw a party for Farnon in New York City , and at the party there were so many famous musicians that Jones joked , `` If a bomb goes off in this apartment , there wo n't be any more records made ! '' The album was reissued on CD in 1994 , with new cover art and a bonus track , `` I 'll Be Home for Christmas '' , recorded during a live appearance by Bennett on The Jon Stewart Show . It was reissued once more in 2007 , again with different cover art and including a bonus DVD containing excerpts from Bennett 's 1992 television special Tony Bennett : A Family Christmas . Bennett later recorded two additional Christmas albums , Hallmark presents Christmas with Tony Bennett and the London Symphony Orchestra ( 2002 ) and A Swingin ' Christmas ( Featuring The Count Basie Big Band ) ( 2008 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47432f1f02668c6ebb8a103eeb3efa0d", "text": "Sweet November (song) Sweet November is the title of a number-one R&B single by group Troop written by Babyface . The hit song spent one week at number-one on the US R&B chart and peaked at fifty-eight on the Billboard Hot 100 . The song was originally recorded by The Deele , and released in 1985 as a part of the album Material Thangz .", "title": "" } ]
fever
f1327cee4d6e371dd1ccd3c1a1169258
The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup had matches in different cities.
[ { "docid": "08b7c69449b4d2e59b855591e621860d", "text": "2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 18th FIFA U-20 World Cup . Colombia hosted the tournament between 29 July and 20 August 2011 , with matches being played in eight cities . The tournament was won by Brazil who claimed their fifth title . At a FIFA Executive Committee meeting held in Sydney on 26 May 2008 , Colombia beat the only other candidate country , Venezuela , for the right to organize the U-20 World Cup . It was suggested by the then-Vice President of Colombia Francisco Santos Calderón that it was needed to withdraw from the race with Brazil to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup so the nation could concentrate on hosting the `` best possible games '' . In an inspection tour of development works in March 2010 , Jack Warner , then the vice president of FIFA , said that the completion of this tournament could provide Colombia with a launch pad to become a possible host for the 2026 World Cup . The official song of the tournament was `` Nuestra Fiesta '' by Colombian singer Jorge Celedón .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a4d9fc0c2fc71323d5ca8c922aa91baa", "text": "2011 AFC Champions League knockout stage A total of 16 teams , 8 from West Asia and 8 from East Asia , competed in the 2011 AFC Champions League knockout stage . They included the 8 group winners and the 8 group runners-up from the group stage . Each round of this single-elimination tournament was played over one or two matches . In the round of 16 , each tie was played in one match , hosted by the winners of each group against the runners-up of another group . In the quarter-finals and semi-finals , each tie was played over two legs on a home-and-away basis . The final was hosted by one of the finalists , decided by draw . The away goals rule ( for two-legged ties ) , extra time ( away goals do not apply in extra time ) and penalty shootout would be used to decide the winner if necessary . The matchups for the round of 16 were decided prior to the group stage draw . After the completion of the round of 16 , the draw for the quarter-finals , semi-finals , and final was held in Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia on 7 June 2011 . In this draw , the `` country protection '' rule was applied : if there are exactly two clubs from the same country , they may not face each other in the quarter-finals ; however , if there are more than two clubs from the same country , they may face each other in the quarter-finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bfc72b8c87a17512ab0f9509e041d725", "text": "2011 World Interuniversity Games The 2011 World Interuniversity Games were the 13th edition of the Games ( organised by IFIUS , and were held in Amsterdam , the Netherlands , from October 10 to October 14 , 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5455492779a0f411fcb76202cdab75a6", "text": "Kadir Has Stadium The Kadir Has Stadium ( Kadir Has Stadyumu ) , is a multi-purpose stadium in Kayseri , Turkey . It is part of complex of sports venues that are on the outskirts of the city , as part of the Atatürk Sports Complex . It effectively replaces the ageing Kayseri Atatürk Stadium , which has been in use since the early 1960s . It was opened with the Kayserispor match against Fenerbahçe on 8 March 2009 . It is primary used for football matches and hosts the homes matches of Kayserispor and Kayseri Erciyesspor . The stadium has a capacity of 32,864 people ( all-seated ) and is totally covered . It is one of the most modern stadiums in Turkey , and offers a number of restaurants , cafes , and VIP areas for fans . Two brand-new shopping centres will also be located nearby , as will a car park with a capacity of 1785 cars . The light rail system of Kayseri , Kayseray , passes close to the stadium complex , allowing travelling supporters to reach the new site with ease . The stadium hosted its first international match when Turkey played Estonia in a 2010 World Cup Qualifier on September 5 , 2009 . Kadir Has Stadium is one of the 8 host stadiums of the 2013 FIFA U-20 World Cup , The stadium hosted the opening ceremony followed by the opening match between Cuba versus the Republic of Korea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e8ae6524482016583406513032ca2f0", "text": "2003 South American U-20 Championship The 2003 South American Youth Championship ( Sudamericana sub-20 ) is a football competition contested by all ten U-20 national football teams of CONMEBOL . The tournament was held in Uruguay between 4 January and 28 January 2003 , it was the 21st time the competition has been held and the second to take place in Uruguay . Argentina won their fourth trophy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93b3c6b43de68ee25d29d113f73ceb6e", "text": "2011 Mundialito de Clubes The inaugural Mundialito de Clubes ( or Club World Cup ) is a beach soccer tournament that will take place at the Praia do Sol stadium at Represa de Guarapiranga , a reservoir located in São Paulo , Brazil from 19 -- 26 March 2011 . The stadium will have a seating capacity of 3,500 spectators .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4c1e84da2a79f7c57713c0cca2b28b4", "text": "CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship The CONCACAF Women 's Under-20 tournament is a football ( soccer ) competition for women 's national teams under 20 years in North America , Central America and Caribbean region , and is the qualification tournament for the FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . Originally contested as an under-19 event in conjunction with FIFA 's standards in 2002 and 2004 , the CONCACAF U-20 Women 's Championship is staged every two years with three teams qualifying for the biennial World Cup , except in 2002 where only the group stage was played and the two first-place finishers qualified directly to the youth world cup . CONCACAF 's championship is an eight-team event with the three nations from North America , joined by three from the Caribbean and two from Central America .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46e4d80c08589442c764d98a7fa21485", "text": "2010 African Women's Championship qualification This page provides the summaries of the matches of the qualifying rounds for the group stage of the 2010 African Women 's Football Championship . These matches also served as part of the qualifiers for the 2011 FIFA Women 's World Cup to be held in Germany . A total of 23 national teams entered qualification which has held over two rounds . In the preliminary round , the 18 lowest-ranked nations were drawn in pairs . The nine winners joined five other national teams in the first round , where the seven winners qualified for the finals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae03c711741264cf11792d54ff1d4144", "text": "Football at the Pacific Games Football has been a regular event at the Pacific Games , the multi-sports event for Pacific nations , territories and dependencies , since 1963 . Until 2011 the tournament was known as the South Pacific games . Since 1971 the competition has been held every four years , but was not played in 1999 due to contract issues . In 2007 , the men 's competition doubled as OFC 's preliminary qualifying competition for the 2010 FIFA World Cup . A women 's tournament was first introduced in 2003 , and has doubled up as the preliminary qualifying competition for the Olympic Games since 2007 . The men 's tournament also became the Olympic qualifier for Oceania for the 2015 edition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98b265102ea1336b52d2e0edaaacd3d4", "text": "2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup The 2011 FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup was the sixth edition of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup , governed by FIFA . Previous editions before 2005 were not governed by FIFA and were held under the title Beach Soccer World Championships . Overall this was the 16th edition of the World Cup since its establishment in 1995 . It took place at the Stadio del Mare ( Stadium of the Sea ) , a temporary stadium at the Marina di Ravenna in Ravenna , Italy , the third tournament to take place outside Brazil , which started on September 1 and ended on September 11 , 2011 . However this was the first tournament to take place under the new two year basis ; now the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup takes place once every two years . The tournament was confirmed in March 2010 . Brazil were the defending champions , after winning their fourth FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup title in 2009 . The tournament was won by Russia , winning their first title in their first final after beating Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0b752b628e083b3fb1aeedba262e5e3", "text": "2011 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship The UEFA Women 's U-19 Championship 2011 Final Tournament was held in Italy between 30 May and 11 June 2011 . Players born after 1 January 1992 were eligible to participate in this competition . As the final tournament took place in an odd year this tournament serves as the European qualifying tournament for the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . defeated in the final 8 − 1 to win their sixth title .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3bd46c2dda7af912a0f48683e14f7fb5", "text": "2011 Copa América Final The 2011 Copa América Final was the final match of the 2011 Copa América , an international football tournament that was played in Argentina from 1 to 24 July 2011 . The match was played on 24 July at Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti in Buenos Aires , between Uruguay and Paraguay . Uruguay won the match 3 -- 0 to earn their 15th Copa América ; Paraguay , as the tournament runner-up , earned the Copa Bolivia . With the win , Uruguay earned the right to represent CONMEBOL in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79a5af35d5e13d189eba68498433804b", "text": "Nepal national under-20 football team The Nepal national football team is the national under-20 team of Nepal that represents the Nepal in international football competitions in the FIFA U-20 World Cup qualifiers and the AFC Youth Championship , as well as any other under-20 international football tournaments . The team is governed by the All Nepal Football Association and is a member of the Asian Football Confederation ( AFC ) . The youth side play their home games at Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located at Tripureswhor in Kathmandu alongside the senior team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57620d535999cc7eede5cea249b9f773", "text": "2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament The 2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament is a football competition for national teams u-23 . It was held in Palestine in May 2011 , and featured an appearance by the then-president of FIFA , Sepp Blatter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e14fd53138416c4a98c47ade44a6d2c", "text": "AFC Beach Soccer Championship The AFC Beach Soccer Championship is the main international championship for beach soccer in Asia , mirroring that of the AFC Asian Cup in association football . Also known as the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup qualifiers for AFC , the championship was established in 2006 after FIFA made requirements for all confederations to begin holding a qualification tournament to determine the best national team ( s ) in the region and hence those who would proceed to represent their continent in the World Cup . Asia was awarded three spots at the finals under FIFA 's new changes to the organisation of the World Cup and hence the winners , runners-up and winner of the third place play-off qualify to the succeeding World Cup finals . Before 2006 , there was no consistent method of qualification or number of spots at the World Cup for Asian nations , with countries often simply being invited to play in the finals , without competing for a regional crown beforehand . The most successful nations are the United Arab Emirates , Iran and Japan , who have both won two of the seven tournaments . However Japan may be considered as the most successful of the two since they have qualified for the World Cup all seven years by at least reaching the final , whereas the United Arab Emirates have only qualified for the World Cup on three occasions . Now that the World Cup takes place every two years , so does the championship , which started with the qualifiers for the 2011 World Cup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f0dc74b8471cbbfb2503476f4b7de05", "text": "1981 South American U-20 Championship The South American Youth Championship 1981 was held in Guayaquil and Quito , Ecuador . It also served as qualification for the 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7130ca521fe3df0713d1eee6de77060c", "text": "2009 FIFA Club World Cup squads The 2009 FIFA Club World Cup took place in Abu Dhabi , United Arab Emirates , from 9 December to 19 December 2009 . Each of the seven teams involved were required to submit a provisional 30-man squad list ( including a minimum of three goalkeepers ) by 29 October 2009 . The final 23-man squads had to be submitted by 25 November , with all members of the final squad taken from the provisional list . All players were required to be registered with squad numbers between 1 and 23 , unless they were registered for their domestic league with a different number . In the event of an injury to one of the players on the final list , that player may be replaced with a player from the provisional list no less than 24 hours before his team 's first match in the competition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71535d8a7a9461dcccae7a4bdd640996", "text": "2010 FIFA World Cup qualification – CAF Third Round This page provides the summaries of the CAF Third Round matches for the 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification . The 20 qualifiers ( the 12 group winners and the best 8 runners-up from the second round ) were split into five groups of four , in the draw held on 22 October 2008 in Zürich . Teams in each group will play a home-and-away round-robin in 2009 , with the 5 groups winners advancing to the World Cup Finals in South Africa ( together with hosts South Africa ) . This round also doubles as the qualification stage for the 2010 African Cup of Nations , with the top three teams in each group qualifying for the finals ( together with hosts Angola ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2f7b7da46d4dfeb06f2c8942b1d023e", "text": "2011 Indoor Cricket World Cup The 2011 Indoor Cricket World Cup was the tenth edition of the tournament and took place between 9 and 15 October 2011 in Gauteng , South Africa . Some divisions comprising the Junior World Series of Indoor Cricket took place alongside this event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c1b9c9ce59645ae3fc415ca3f09f6c8", "text": "2011 World Youth Baseball Championship The 2011 World Youth Baseball Championship was an under-16 international baseball competition held in Lagos de Moreno , Mexico from August 19 to August 28 , 2011 . This event is considered a test event for the 2011 Pan American Games baseball event .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "157a807d4f93ad85c8e11d6774b984da", "text": "2019 FIFA Women's World Cup The 2019 FIFA Women 's World Cup will be the 8th edition of the FIFA Women 's World Cup , the quadrennial international women 's football championship contested by the national teams of the member associations of FIFA . In March 2015 , France won the right to host the event , the first time the country would host the tournament and the third time in Europe . Matches are planned for eleven cities across France . The current format of the tournament is to be among 24 national teams , including that of the host nation . The defending champions are the United States .", "title": "" } ]
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15978c4d3379e65b8adc609baa3297e3
Bats are of the order Primate.
[ { "docid": "64ff8737341d823d62e52462feacf3e5", "text": "Bat Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera ( -LSB- kaɪˈrɒptərə -RSB- from the χείρ - cheir , `` hand '' and πτερόν - pteron , `` wing '' ) whose forelimbs form webbed wings , making them the only mammals naturally capable of true and sustained flight . By contrast , other mammals said to fly , such as flying squirrels , gliding possums , and colugos , can only glide for short distances . Bats are less efficient at flying than birds , but are more manoeuvrable , using their very long spread-out digits which are covered with a thin membrane or patagium . Bats are the second largest order of mammals ( after the rodents ) , representing about 20 % of all classified mammal species worldwide , with about 1,240 bat species divided into two suborders : the less specialized and largely fruit-eating megabats , or flying foxes , and the highly specialized and echolocating microbats . About 70 % of bat species are insectivores . Most of the rest are frugivores , or fruit eaters . A few species , such as the fish-eating bat , feed from animals other than insects , with the vampire bats being hematophagous , or feeding on blood . Bats are present throughout most of the world , with the exception of extremely cold regions . They perform the vital ecological roles of pollinating flowers and dispersing fruit seeds ; many tropical plant species depend entirely on bats for the distribution of their seeds . Bats are economically important , as they consume insect pests , reducing the need for pesticides . The smallest bat is the Kitti 's hog-nosed bat , measuring 29 - in length , 15 cm across the wings and 2 - in mass . It is also arguably the smallest extant species of mammal , with the Etruscan shrew being the other contender . The largest species of bat are a few species of Pteropus ( fruit bats or flying foxes ) and the giant golden-crowned flying fox with a weight up to 1.6 kg and wingspan up to 1.7 m. The Mexican free-tailed bat is the fastest flying animal in horizontal flight .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "18935c5a5750ebf6bbf52764bbc136be", "text": "Palaeognathae Palaeognathae , or paleognaths , is one of the two living clades of birds -- the other being Neognathae . Together , these two clades form the clade Neornithes . Palaeognathae contains five extant branches of flightless lineages ( plus two extinct clades ) , termed ratites , and one flying lineage , the Neotropic tinamous . There are 47 species of tinamous , 5 of kiwis ( Apteryx ) , 3 of cassowaries ( Casuarius ) , 1 of emus ( Dromaius ) ( another became extinct in historic times ) , 2 of rheas and 2 of ostrich . Recent research has indicated that paleognaths are monophyletic but the traditional taxonomic split between flightless and flighted forms is incorrect ; tinamous are within the ratite radiation , meaning flightlessness arose independently multiple times via parallel evolution . There are three extinct groups , the Lithornithiformes , the Dinornithiformes ( moas ) and the Aepyornithiformes ( elephant birds ) , that are undisputed members of Palaeognathae . There are other extinct birds which have been allied with the Palaeognathae by at least one author , but their affinities are a matter of dispute . The word Paleognath is derived from the ancient Greek for `` old jaws '' in reference to the skeletal anatomy of the palate , which is described as more primitive and reptilian than that in other birds . Paleognathous birds retain some basal morphological characters but are by no means living fossils as their genomes continued to evolve at the DNA level under selective pressure at rates comparable to the Neognathae branch of living birds , though there is some controversy about the precise relationship between them and the other birds . There are also several other scientific controversies about their evolution ( see below ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9095bdb6747d16a6e7c073005ddf7b18", "text": "Primate A primate ( -LSB- ˈpraɪmeɪt -RSB- ) is a mammal of the order Primates ( Latin : `` prime , first rank '' ) . In taxonomy , primates include two distinct lineages , strepsirrhines and haplorhines . Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests ; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment . Most primate species remain at least partly arboreal . With the exception of humans , who inhabit every continent , most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas , Africa and Asia . They range in size from Madame Berthe 's mouse lemur , which weighs only 30 g , to the eastern gorilla , weighing over 200 kg ; that is , without taking into account the weight of particular human individuals , reaching up to 635 kg . Based on fossil evidence , the earliest known true primates , represented by the genus Teilhardina , date to 55.8 million years old . An early close primate relative known from abundant remains is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis , c. 55 -- 58 million years old . Molecular clock studies suggest that the primate branch may be even older , originating near the Cretaceous -- Paleogene boundary or around 63 -- 74 mya . The order Primates was traditionally divided into two main groupings : prosimians and anthropoids ( simians ) . Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates , and include the lemurs of Madagascar , lorisoids , and tarsiers . Simians include monkeys , apes and hominins . More recently , taxonomists have preferred to split primates into the suborder Strepsirrhini , or wet-nosed primates , consisting of non-tarsier prosimians , and the suborder Haplorhini , or dry-nosed primates , consisting of tarsiers and the simians . Simians are divided into two groups : catarrhine ( narrow-nosed ) monkeys and apes of Africa and Southeast Asia and platyrrhine ( `` flat-nosed '' ) or New World monkeys of South and Middle America . Catarrhines consist of Old World monkeys ( such as baboons and macaques ) , gibbons and great apes ; New World monkeys include the capuchin , howler and squirrel monkeys . Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa , South Asia , and East Asia , although fossil evidence shows many other species were formerly present in Europe . New primate species are still being discovered . More than 25 species were taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000s and eleven have been described since 2010 . Considered generalist mammals , primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics . Some primates ( including some great apes and baboons ) are primarily terrestrial rather than arboreal , but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees . Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree , walking on two or four limbs , knuckle-walking , and swinging between branches of trees ( brachiation ) . Primates are characterized by large brains relative to other mammals , as well as an increased reliance on stereoscopic vision at the expense of smell , the dominant sensory system in most mammals . These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs . Three-color vision has developed in some primates . Most also have opposable thumbs and some have prehensile tails . Many species are sexually dimorphic ; differences include body mass , canine tooth size , and coloration . Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later , but have longer lifespans . Depending on the species , adults may live in solitude , in mated pairs , or in groups of up to hundreds of members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97076c68fcd1655d878725930c64bb1a", "text": "Western mastiff bat `` Greater mastiff bat '' redirects here . See Mops ( bat ) for the genus also known as `` greater mastiff bats '' . The western mastiff bat ( Eumops perotis ) , also known as the western bonneted bat , the greater mastiff bat , or the greater bonneted bat , is a member of the free-tailed bat family , Molossidae . It is found in the Western United States , Mexico and South America , and is the largest bat native to North America . The subspecies Eumops perotis californicus is a species of concern as identified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service . The range of this subspecies is principally southwest desert regions of the United States , along the border with Mexico ; however , the range extends as far north on the Pacific coast to Alameda County , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93320d1c5236a526f4a6756cb96b3957", "text": "Azibius Azibius is an extinct genus of fossil primate from the late early or early middle Eocene from the Glib Zegdou Formation in the Gour Lazib area of Algeria . They are thought to be related to the living toothcombed primates , the lemurs and lorisoids ( known as strepsirrhines ) , although paleoanthropologists such as Marc Godinot have argued that they may be early simians ( monkeys and apes ) . Originally described as a type of plesiadapiform ( an extinct group of arboreal mammals considered to be a sister group to the primate clade ) , its fragmentary remains have been interpreted as a hyopsodontid ( a type of extinct condylarth ) , an adapid ( an extinct type of adapiform primate from Europe ) , and a macroscelidid ( elephant shrews ) . Less fragmentary remains discovered between 2003 and 2009 demonstrated a close relationship between Azibius and Algeripithecus , a fossil primate once thought to be the oldest known simian . Descriptions of the talus ( ankle bone ) in 2011 have helped to strengthen support for the strepsirrhine status of Azibius and Algeripithecus , which would indicate that the evolutionary history of lemurs and their kin is rooted in Africa . Azibius trerki is the only named species , although a few teeth and a talus ( ankle bone ) of a larger , unnamed species ( cf. Azibius sp . ) have also been found . A. trerki is estimated to have weighed 115 to , while cf. Azibius sp . was larger , weighing approximately 630 to . Based on the fragmentary fossils , both are thought to have been nocturnal and agile arboreal quadrupeds .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca2b65c85e27e44de1a12bfa11c28429", "text": "Anoura Anoura is a genus of leaf-nosed bats from Central and South America . Note that Anoura , the bat genus , should not be confused with neither ` Anura ' , an order of amphibians , nor ` Anoures ' , the original spelling of this order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d295505cb089252e2ccdab1669916fc6", "text": "Taxonomic sequence Taxonomic sequence ( also known as systematic , phyletic or taxonomic order ) is a sequence followed in listing of taxa which aids ease of use and roughly reflects the evolutionary relationships among the taxa . Taxonomic sequences can exist for taxa within any rank , that is , a list of families , genera , species can each have a sequence . Early biologists used the concept of `` age '' or `` primitiveness '' of the groups in question to derive an order of arrangement , with `` older '' or more `` primitive '' groups being listed first and more recent or `` advanced '' ones last . A modern understanding of evolutionary biology has brought about a more robust framework for the taxonomic ordering of lists . A list may be seen as a rough one-dimensional representation of a phylogenetic tree . Taxonomic sequences are essentially heuristic devices that help in arrangements of linear systems such as books and information retrieval systems . Since phylogenetic relationships are complex and non-linear , there is no unique way to define the sequence , although they generally have the more basal listed first with species that cluster in a tight group included next to each other . The organization of field guides and taxonomic monographs may either follow or prescribe the taxonomic sequence ; changes in these sequences are often introduced by new publications .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d690047f28a8de055d5e247ee11a249", "text": "Animal language Animal languages are forms of non-human animal communication that show similarities to human language . Animals communicate by using a variety of signs such as sounds or movements . Such signing may be considered complex enough to be called a form of language if the inventory of signs is large , the signs are relatively arbitrary , and the animals seem to produce them with a degree of volition ( as opposed to relatively automatic conditioned behaviors or unconditioned instincts , usually including facial expressions ) . In experimental tests , animal communication may also be evidenced through the use of lexigrams ( as used by chimpanzees and bonobos ) . While the term `` animal language '' is widely used , researchers agree that animal languages are not as complex or expressive as human language . Many researchers argue that animal communication lacks a key aspect of human language , that is , the creation of new patterns of signs under varied circumstances . ( In contrast , for example , humans routinely produce entirely new combinations of words . ) Some researchers , including the linguist Charles Hockett , argue that human language and animal communication differ so much that the underlying principles are unrelated . Accordingly , linguist Thomas A. Sebeok has proposed to not use the term `` language '' for animal sign systems . Marc Hauser , Noam Chomsky , and W. Tecumseh Fitch assert an evolutionary continuum exists between the communication methods of animal and human language .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5cc0e2448b3fa2f66a91d0c39005a67", "text": "Ring-tailed lemur The ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta ) is a large strepsirrhine primate and the most recognized lemur due to its long , black and white ringed tail . It belongs to Lemuridae , one of five lemur families , and is the only member of the Lemur genus . Like all lemurs it is endemic to the island of Madagascar . Known locally in Malagasy as maky ( -LSB- makʲ -RSB- , spelled maki in French ) or hira , it inhabits gallery forests to spiny scrub in the southern regions of the island . It is omnivorous and the most terrestrial of extant lemurs . The animal is diurnal , being active exclusively in daylight hours . The ring-tailed lemur is highly social , living in groups of up to 30 individuals . It is also female dominant , a trait common among lemurs . To keep warm and reaffirm social bonds , groups will huddle together . The ring-tailed lemur will also sunbathe , sitting upright facing its underside , with its thinner white fur towards the sun . Like other lemurs , this species relies strongly on its sense of smell and marks its territory with scent glands . The males perform a unique scent marking behavior called spur marking and will participate in stink fights by impregnating their tail with their scent and wafting it at opponents . As one of the most vocal primates , the ring-tailed lemur uses numerous vocalizations including group cohesion and alarm calls . Experiments have shown that the ring-tailed lemur , despite the lack of a large brain ( relative to simiiform primates ) , can organize sequences , understand basic arithmetic operations and preferentially select tools based on functional qualities . Despite reproducing readily in captivity and being the most populous lemur in zoos worldwide , numbering more than 2,000 individuals , the ring-tailed lemur is listed as endangered by the IUCN Red List due to habitat destruction and hunting for bush meat and the exotic pet trade . At present ( as of early 2017 ) , the population in the wild is believed to have crashed as low as 2,000 individuals due to habitat loss , poaching and hunting , making them far more critically endangered .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8b0ff76d61c772aff7d3f383a07f9c7", "text": "Myotis alcathoe The Alcathoe bat ( Myotis alcathoe ) is a European bat in the genus Myotis . Known only from Greece and Hungary when it was first described in 2001 , its known distribution has since expanded to Spain , England , Sweden , and Azerbaijan , among other countries . It is similar to the whiskered bat ( Myotis mystacinus ) and other species and is difficult to distinguish from them . However , its brown fur is distinctive and it is clearly different in characters of its karyotype and DNA sequences . Although some genetic data suggest that it is related to Geoffroy 's bat ( Myotis emarginatus ) , other analyses do not support a close relationship between M. alcathoe and any other species . With a forearm length of 30.8 to and body mass of 3.5 to , Myotis alcathoe is a small bat . The fur is usually reddish-brown on the upperparts and brown below , but more grayish in juveniles . The tragus ( a projection on the inner side of the ear ) is short , as is the ear itself , and the inner side of the ear is pale at the base . The wings are brown and the baculum ( penis bone ) is short and broad . M. alcathoe has a very high-pitched echolocation call , with a frequency that falls from 120 kHz at the beginning of the call to about 43 kHz at the end . Usually found in old-growth deciduous forest near water , Myotis alcathoe forages high in the canopy and above water and mostly eats flies . The animal roosts in cavities high in trees . Although there are some winter records from caves , it may also spend the winter in tree cavities . Several parasites have been recorded on M. alcathoe . The IUCN Red List assesses Myotis alcathoe as `` data deficient '' , but it is considered threatened in several areas because of its rarity and vulnerability to habitat loss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af74bc18837f33676739debe257bf7de", "text": "Termite Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera , or as epifamily Termitoidae within the cockroach order Blattodea . Termites were once classified in a separate order from cockroaches , but recent phylogenetic studies indicate that they evolved from close ancestors of cockroaches during the Jurassic or Triassic . However , the first termites possibly emerged during the Permian or even the Carboniferous . About 3,106 species are currently described , with a few hundred more left to be described . Although these insects are often called `` white ants '' , they are not ants . Like ants and some bees and wasps from the separate order Hymenoptera , termites divide labour among castes consisting of sterile male and female `` workers '' and `` soldiers '' . All colonies have fertile males called `` kings '' and one or more fertile females called `` queens '' . Termites mostly feed on dead plant material and cellulose , generally in the form of wood , leaf litter , soil , or animal dung . Termites are major detritivores , particularly in the subtropical and tropical regions , and their recycling of wood and plant matter is of considerable ecological importance . Termites are among the most successful groups of insects on Earth , colonising most landmasses except for Antarctica . Their colonies range in size from a few hundred individuals to enormous societies with several million individuals . Termite queens have the longest lifespan of any insect in the world , with some queens reportedly living up to 30 to 50 years . Unlike ants , which undergo a complete metamorphosis , each individual termite goes through an incomplete metamorphosis that proceeds through egg , nymph , and adult stages . Colonies are described as superorganisms because the termites form part of a self-regulating entity : the colony itself . Termites are a delicacy in the diet of some human cultures and are used in many traditional medicines . Several hundred species are economically significant as pests that can cause serious damage to buildings , crops , or plantation forests . Some species , such as the West Indian drywood termite ( Cryptotermes brevis ) , are regarded as invasive species .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4aaa52830fa5d54893e773faa4a44486", "text": "Flying primate hypothesis In evolutionary biology , the flying primate hypothesis posits that megabats , a subgroup of Chiroptera ( also known as flying foxes ) , form an evolutionary sister group of primates . The hypothesis began with Carl Linnaeus in 1758 , and was again advanced by J.D. Smith in 1980 . It was proposed in its modern form by Australian neuroscientist Jack Pettigrew in 1986 after he discovered that the connections between the retina and the superior colliculus ( a region of the midbrain ) in the megabat Pteropus were organized in the same way found in primates , and different from all other mammals . This was followed up by a longer study published in 1989 , in which this was supported by the analysis of many other brain and body characteristics . Pettigrew suggested that flying foxes , colugos , and primates were all descendants of the same group of early arboreal mammals . The megabat flight and the colugo gliding could be both seen as locomotory adaptations to a life high above the ground . The flying primate hypothesis met resistance from many zoologists . Its biggest challenges were not centered on the argument that megabats and primates are evolutionarily related , which reflects earlier ideas ( such as the grouping of primates , tree shrews , colugos , and bats under the same taxonomic group , the Superorder Archonta ) . Rather , many biologists resisted the implication that megabats and microbats ( or echolocating bats ) formed distinct branches of mammalian evolution , with flight having evolved twice . This implication was borne out of the fact that microbats do not resemble primates in any of the neural characteristics studied by Pettigrew , instead resembling primitive mammals such as Insectivora in these respects . The advanced brain characters demonstrated in Pteropus could not , therefore , be generalized to imply that all bats are similar to primates . More recently , the flying primate hypothesis was rejected when scientists compared the DNA of bats to that of primates . These genetic studies support the monophyly of bats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f54d33cc48a16426f2251971ddbafc11", "text": "Ghost bat The ghost bat ( Macroderma gigas ) , also known as the false vampire bat , is a bat native to Australia . The bat is named for the extremely thin membrane of its wings that makes it appear ghostly at night . Ghost bats have grey fur on their backs and pale grey or white fur on their undersides . They have long , narrow wings , but no tail , averaging 11 cm in length . Females are generally smaller than males . Ghost bats have large ears for long distance hearing , and very sharp teeth so they can attack prey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "986eeed956258ddaa7a0a9e7bd3dbe42", "text": "Brown long-eared bat The brown long-eared bat or common long-eared bat ( Plecotus auritus ) is a small Eurasian bat . It has distinctive ears , long and with a distinctive fold . It is extremely similar to the much rarer grey long-eared bat which was only validated as a distinct species in the 1960s . An adult brown long-eared bat has a body length of 4.5-4 .8 cm , a tail of 4.1-4 .6 cm , and a forearm length of 4-4 .2 cm . The ears are 3.3-3 .9 cm in length , and readily distinguish the long-eared bats from most other bat species . They are relatively slow flyers compared to other bat species .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f2a900c0af70dd8e9232676c3ec9ac7", "text": "Bat Conservation International Bat Conservation International ( BCI ) is an international non-governmental organization working to conserve the world 's bats and their habitats through conservation , education and research efforts . BCI was founded in 1982 by prominent bat biologist Dr. Merlin Tuttle . Since its establishment , BCI has formed lasting partnerships with the US Fish & Wildlife Service and many national and international agencies and nonprofits , and has produced publications , workshops , scholarships and research , and site-specific projects across the nation and around the world . Currently , BCI employs a staff of 30 biologists , educators , and administrators and is supported by members in 60 countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3e834d0109d56efd4a3c8bb30d52c0c", "text": "Animal cognition Animal cognition describes the mental capacities of non-human animals and the study of those capacities . The field developed from comparative psychology , including the study of animal conditioning and learning . It has also been strongly influenced by research in ethology , behavioral ecology , and evolutionary psychology , and hence the alternative name cognitive ethology is sometimes used . Many behaviors associated with the term animal intelligence are also subsumed within animal cognition . Researchers have examined animal cognition in mammals ( especially primates , cetaceans , elephants , dogs , cats , horses , livestock , raccoons and rodents ) , birds ( including parrots , corvids and pigeons ) , reptiles ( lizards and snakes ) , fish and invertebrates ( including cephalopods , spiders and insects ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d37da03e01544a29069cd42900ddf14", "text": "Pack hunter A pack hunter or social predator is a predator belonging to the animal kingdom which has evolved to hunt its prey by working together with other members of its species . Normally animals hunting in this way are closely related , and with the exceptions of humans and chimpanzees where only males normally hunt , all individuals in a family group will contribute to hunting . The most commonly known pack hunter is the gray wolf , the closest wild relative of all breeds of domesticated dog . Humans and their closest-living relatives chimpanzees are also pack hunters . Other pack hunting mammals include dolphins , lions , dwarf and banded mongooses and spotted hyenas . A number of avian social predators exist , including the Harris 's hawk , butcherbirds , three of four kookaburra species and many helmetshrikes . There are a few cold-blooded pack hunters including simple arthropods such as army ants , the yellow saddle goatfish and occasionally crocodiles . There is a possibility that some non-avian theropod dinosaurs displayed pack behavior as well . A social animal that always hunts , singly such as the domestic cat , is not a pack hunter . Pack hunting is typically associated with cooperative breeding and its concentration in the Afrotropical Region is a reflection of this . Most pack hunters are found in the southern African savannas , with a notable absence in tropical rainforests and with the exception of the wolf and coyote , higher latitudes . It is thought that either on the ancient and poor soils of the southern African savanna it is not possible for individual predators to find adequate food , or that the environment 's inherent unpredictability due to ENSO or IOD events means that in very bad conditions it will not be possible to raise the young necessary to prevent declining populations from adult mortality . It is also argued that Africa 's very large area of continuous flat and open country , which was even more extensive while rainforest contracted during glacial periods of the Quaternary , may have helped encourage pack hunting to become much more common than on any other continent . A shared pack hunting history is thought to be the main conduit through which humans have been able to form a mutual relationship with dogs ( that is , domestication ) , as both species are highly social and inter-dependent . Humans easily take over the dominance hierarchy of dogs as subordinates instinctively follow the `` alpha '' individual and dogs are accustomed to living very close together When wolves hunt a Moose or Elk , it sometimes takes to deep water to avoid the pack . A wolf response to this behavior is that the pack rests with one or two wolves annoying the prey until it gets fatigued .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b09510222bac0db755bc5a18b648276", "text": "Bat detector A bat detector is a device used to detect the presence of bats by converting their echolocation ultrasound signals , as they are emitted by the bats , to audible frequencies , usually about 300 Hz to 5 kHz . There are other types of detector which record bat calls so that they can be analysed afterwards , but these are more commonly referred to by their particular function . Bats emit calls from about 12 kHz to 160 kHz , but the upper frequencies in this range are rapidly absorbed in air . Many bat detectors are limited to around 15 kHz to 125 kHz at best . Bat detectors are available commercially and also can be self-built .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5f37f35348466a0a0721cd6f707bcf4", "text": "Cynopterus Cynopterus is a genus of megabats . The Cynopterine section is represented by 11 genera , five of which occur in Malaysia , namely , Chironx , Balionycteris , Penthetor , Dyacopterus and Cynopterus . 30 names for Cynopterus species have been proposed , but only 16 are taxonomically valid forms . Species within this genus are : Genus Cynopterus Lesser short-nosed fruit bat ( Cynopterus brachyotis ) Horsfield 's fruit bat ( Cynopterus horsfieldii ) Peters 's fruit bat ( Cynopterus luzoniensis ) Minute fruit bat ( Cynopterus minutus ) Nusatenggara short-nosed fruit bat ( Cynopterus nusatenggara ) Greater short-nosed fruit bat ( Cynopterus sphinx ) Indonesian short-nosed fruit bat ( Cynopterus titthaecheilus )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48a45a54fb9eb13e26f60e0314c5649d", "text": "Henipavirus Henipavirus is a genus of RNA viruses in the family Paramyxoviridae , order Mononegavirales containing five established species . Henipaviruses are naturally harboured by pteropid fruit bats ( flying foxes ) and microbats of several species . Henipaviruses are characterised by long genomes and a wide host range . Their recent emergence as zoonotic pathogens capable of causing illness and death in domestic animals and humans is a cause of concern . In 2009 , RNA sequences of three novel viruses in phylogenetic relationship to known henipaviruses were detected in African straw-colored fruit bats ( Eidolon helvum ) in Ghana . The finding of these novel henipaviruses outside Australia and Asia indicates that the region of potential endemicity of henipaviruses may be worldwide . These African henipaviruses are slowly being characterised .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a48fa48feead0cad94e08edf2b278519", "text": "Sloth lemur The sloth lemurs ( Palaeopropithecidae ) comprise an extinct clade of lemurs that includes four genera . The common name can be misleading , as members of Palaeopropithecidae were not closely related to sloths , but instead to lemurs . This clade has been dubbed the `` sloth lemurs '' because of remarkable postcranial convergences with South American sloths . Despite postcranial similarities , however , the hands and feet show significant differences . Sloths possess long , curved claws , while sloth lemurs have short , flat nails on their distal phalanges like most primates .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7436c6bb27825c0cb0a1c91a7c5724f3
Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song) was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration.
[ { "docid": "93e1886a6c3a52a047212e37147562d3", "text": "Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song) `` Rich Girl '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album , Love . Angel . Music . Baby . ( 2004 ) . Produced by Dr. Dre , the track features American rapper Eve , and is a remake of Louchie Lou & Michie One 's 1993 song of the same name , which is in turn an adaptation of the Fiddler on the Roof song `` If I Were a Rich Man '' . Stefani says the song discusses her dreams of fame and riches from the perspective of `` when she was just an Orange County girl '' . The last song to be included on the album , `` Rich Girl '' was released as the album 's second single in late 2004 to mixed reviews from music critics . It was a commercial success , reaching the top 10 on most of the charts it entered . In the United States , `` Rich Girl '' was certified gold , and it received a nomination for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 47th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "da4bb25d429f957e8ec7ec1f8d67d82f", "text": "I Need a Girl (Part One) `` I Need a Girl ( Part One ) '' is a single by American rapper P. Diddy with the collaboration of Usher and Loon from the album We Invented the Remix . In 2004 , the song was featured in the Bad Boys compilation R&B Hits . Along with `` I Need a Girl ( Part Two ) '' , P. Diddy achieved a rare occurrence by having two parts of a song become chart hits . Part one peaked at # 2 on the US Billboard Hot 100 ( behind Ashanti 's `` Foolish '' ) and # 1 on the Billboard Hot Rap Tracks chart . It also charted on the UK Singles Chart at # 4 . Billboard ranked this song # 15 on their year end charts in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9f45fd32ad6ee8e13e09cea6305074d", "text": "Rico Love Richard `` Rico '' Preston Butler , Jr. ( born December 3 , 1982 ) , better known by his stage name Rico Love , is an American songwriter , record producer and singer . He was born in New Orleans , Louisiana , but split his childhood between Milwaukee , Wisconsin and New York City 's Harlem neighborhood . He attended Florida A&M and , while visiting Atlanta , Georgia , worked his way into the music industry through connections with Usher , who would become Love 's mentor . The first song Love ever wrote in his career was `` Throwback '' for which ended up on Usher 's 2004 album `` Confessions . '' Love success continued writing and producing hit records such as Usher 's `` There Goes My Baby '' and `` Hey Daddy ( Daddy 's Home ) '' , Nelly 's `` Just a Dream '' and `` Gone '' , as well as Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Sweet Dreams '' . and has contributed to works which have gone on to win Grammys such as Beyoncé 's 2009 Best Contemporary R&B album I Am ... Sasha Fierce , Usher 's 2010 Best Contemporary R&B album Raymond v. Raymond , and Usher 's 2010 Best Male R&B Vocal Performance `` There Goes My Baby '' . In addition Love has written and produced records for Kelly Rowland , Diddy -- Dirty Money , Chris Brown , Alexandra Burke , Keri Hilson , Fergie , and Fantasia . Love is also the CEO of Division1 , a record label which partnered with Interscope Records in 2013 . Love has appeared as a featured artist on records with T.I. , Usher , Jermaine Dupri , Jamie Foxx , Rich Boy , and Fat Joe .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8666c73abb8dd805e75ec996dddd5f07", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Fergie Stacy Ann Ferguson , better known as Fergie , is an American singer , songwriter , rapper , fashion designer and actress . She has won a total of 68 ( career solo and Black eyed Peas ) awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de08c21bb2ba8f7cb2ed31e74522f2ad", "text": "Around the Way Girl `` Around the Way Girl '' is a hit single by LL Cool J from his 1990 album Mama Said Knock You Out . This is a rap about LL searching for a girl who is streetwise to form a relationship with . The entire song describes the exact features of what he is looking for in this particular girl . For example , he constantly repeats the line `` I need an around the way girl '' through out the entire rap . The single samples Mary Jane Girls ' `` All Night Long '' , Keni Burke 's `` Risin ' to the Top '' , and The Honey Drippers ' `` Impeach the President '' , which is used as the main instrumental element of the song . It is also noted that this song is an early example of the high pitched sample rap . Around the Way Girl later appeared on LL Cool J 's 1996 greatest hits album , All World : Greatest Hits . `` Around the Way Girl '' peaked at # 9 on the Billboard Hot 100 , becoming his first top 10 single . It also was a hit on the R&B and dance music charts , where it peaked at # 5 and # 7 respectively . The RIAA certified `` Around the Way Girl '' Gold on January 15 , 1991 for sales of over 500,000 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aadd2d6aef8c1638f5d7191e27e243da", "text": "The Real Thing (Gwen Stefani song) `` The Real Thing '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her debut solo studio album , Love . Angel . Music . Baby . ( 2004 ) . It was written by Stefani , Linda Perry , and her then-husband Gavin Rossdale , who is credited as `` GMR '' . Nellee Hooper produced the song , with Mark `` Spike '' Stent serving as an additional producer . An Europop and synthpop ballad , `` The Real Thing '' talks about mutual love between two lovers . Interscope Records released the track as a promotional single exclusively in the Philippines a year after the album 's release . It was released as a CD single that featured a remix by the music duo Wendy & Lisa . The remix was also included on the deluxe edition of L.A.M.B. , as well as on the international version of the album . After its release , `` The Real Thing '' received generally favorable reviews from critics . Critics appreciated the `` vintage '' production of the song and labeled it a stand-out track on the album , while also noting its New Order influence . Stefani performed the single throughout her 2005 Harajuku Lovers Tour in a vintage red bathing suit along with a group of breakdancers and the Harajuku Girls . The live performance was praised and compared to similar works by Madonna and Cyndi Lauper .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c5128a879334c420e4972ef8b4862b7", "text": "MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message The MTV Video Music Award for Best Video with a Social Message is an award handed out at the yearly MTV Video Music Awards , first introduced at the 2011 ceremony . The first winner of the category was Lady Gaga . As of 2015 , Kelly Clarkson , Rise Against , and Beyoncé have received the most nominations in this category , being nominated twice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf2df6efeb755f98a41bc965b2bd676", "text": "Money Ain't a Thang `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' is the second single from rapper Jermaine Dupri 's 1998 album Life in 1472 . It features rapper Jay-Z and appears as a bonus track on his album Vol . 2 ... Hard Knock Life . It is produced by Dupri , who samples `` Weak at the Knees '' by Steve Arrington for the track 's beat . It can be found on two of Jay-Z 's greatest hits compilations : Chapter One : Greatest Hits and Greatest Hits . In addition , it was nominated for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 41st Grammy Awards in 1999 . The title of `` Money Ai n't a Thang '' appears as `` Money Ai n't a Thing '' on the vinyl single , but not on the CD single or any album it appears on .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2be345ef6c53f43c55c2e70d72d409f1", "text": "The Sweet Escape (song) `` The Sweet Escape '' is a song by American singer and songwriter Gwen Stefani from her second studio album of the same name ( 2006 ) . It was written by Stefani , Akon , and Giorgio Tuinfort . Akon , who is also a featured artist , developed the song 's beat before collaborating with Stefani . He designed it based on her previous work with No Doubt , and Stefani later commented that it put her `` on the yellow brick road to the No Doubt record I might do '' . `` The Sweet Escape '' is an apology for a fight between two lovers and describes a dream of a pleasant life for them . As the album 's title track , its title was chosen to help market Stefani 's music and fashion lines . The song received generally positive reviews from contemporary music critics , though there was a negative response to Akon 's presence as a featured artist . `` The Sweet Escape '' was released as the album 's second single on December 19 , 2006 and was commercially successful in mainstream and adult contemporary markets . It reached the top 10 of most singles charts and topped the New Zealand Singles Chart . The song was nominated for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals at the 50th Grammy Awards . In the song 's accompanying music video , Stefani attempts to escape from a golden prison .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "257f3b722a90544e1bf9d2b665d93890", "text": "2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards , was the inaugural music award show presented by iHeartMedia 's platform iHeartRadio and NBC . The awards were held on May 1 , 2014 , at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The awards show was announced on February 26 , 2014 . The nominations were compiled by the results of Mediabase charts , listener feedback and digital straming data from the iHeartRadio platform and announced on March 26 , 2014 . The awards recognized the biggest artists and songs of the year . The show was directed by Hamish Hamilton . The voting took place on iHeartRadio 's official webpage except for the `` Instagram Award '' , where voting took place on social network Instagram . Rihanna led the nominations with eight and also became the biggest winner of the night with four wins including Artist of the Year and Song of the Year . NBC 's telecast of the iHeartRadio Music Awards drew 5.4 million viewers overall and a rating of 1.7 in the key 18-to-49-year-old demographic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb404d9bcaec4563bc57b911d4ec398d", "text": "Major Key (album) Major Key ( stylized as Major ð ''` ) is the ninth studio album by DJ Khaled . It was released on July 29 , 2016 , by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Future , Big Sean , Rick Ross , Jay Z , Drake , Nas , Kendrick Lamar , Betty Wright , J. Cole , Bryson Tiller , Nicki Minaj , Chris Brown , August Alsina , Jeremih , Kodak Black , Jeezy , French Montana , YG , Yo Gotti , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Jadakiss , Fabolous , Fat Joe , Busta Rhymes , Kent Jones , Travis Scott , Lil Wayne , Meghan Trainor , Wiz Khalifa , Wale and Mavad The album was supported by four singles , `` For Free '' , `` I Got the Keys '' , `` Holy Key '' and `` Do You Mind '' . Major Key received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in November 2016 . It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76598cd40e9fc3b370d8b8031602d1ff", "text": "Raja Kumari Svetha Rao ( born January 11 , 1986 ) , professionally known as Raja Kumari ( ` The daughter of the king ' in Tamil ) , is an Indian American songwriter , rapper and recording artist from Claremont , California . Kumari is best known for her collaboration with notable artists including Gwen Stefani , Iggy Azalea , Fifth Harmony , Knife Party , and Fall Out Boy . She is also notable for receiving as a songwriter , the BMI Pop Awards in 2016 , being nominated to a Grammy award in February 2015 , and featuring on BBC Asian Network programme Bobby Friction on July 5 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c51d28b444386659ab8fb58f43b0c16", "text": "Back Together (Robin Thicke song) `` Back Together '' is a song by American singer Robin Thicke . It premiered on August 5 , 2015 . It was made available for digital download and released a single on August 6 , 2015 , by Interscope Records . The song , produced by Max Martin and Ali Payami , features a guest appearance from Trinidadian native rapper Nicki Minaj .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "043967ca83d4e26908797f48311e3184", "text": "Rich Kidd Ritchie Acheampong ( born April 28 , 1987 ) , better known as Rich Kidd , is a Canadian hip hop recording artist , record producer and film/video director from Toronto , Ontario . He is a two-time nominee for the Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year as a solo artist , garnering nominations at the Juno Awards of 2013 for The Closers and at the Juno Awards of 2014 for In My Opinion . In 2013 , he formed the project Naturally Born Strangers with collaborators Tona and Adam Bomb . That group 's debut release , The Legends League Presents : Naturally Born Strangers , won the Juno Award for Rap Recording of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b98cc07cc91023c9f7351797f784ed6", "text": "One More Chance (The Notorious B.I.G. song) `` One More Chance / Stay with Me ( Remix ) '' is a song written and recorded by American rapper The Notorious B.I.G. , featuring additional vocals sung by his wife Faith Evans and an uncredited appearance by Mary J. Blige . It was certified platinum by the RIAA on July 31 , 1995 and sold 1.1 million copies . The original version of the song appears on B.I.G. 's album , Ready to Die . The remix features new lyrics , a new chorus , and a different beat than the original . There is also a `` hip hop mix '' which samples Marley Marl 's `` Droppin Science '' ( featuring rapper Craig G ) . Evans was an up-and-coming R&B artist at the time . The remix , produced by the Trackmasters samples DeBarge 's 1983 song `` Stay with Me '' . The song peaked at # 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was the highest debuting single of all time , tying with Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song `` Scream '' when it entered the Hot 100 at # 5 at the time . ( This record stood until later that year , when Michael Jackson 's `` You Are Not Alone '' debuted at number one . ) It remained the highest debuting single for a rap song on the Hot 100 until Puff Daddy 's tribute song `` I 'll Be Missing You '' debuted at # 1 . ( Lauryn Hill , Eminem and DJ Khaled would later equal this feat , with the former 's `` Doo Wop ( That Thing ) '' entering in the top spot in 1998 , the aforementioned with `` Not Afraid '' in 2010 and the latter with `` I 'm The One '' in 2017 . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "728ce7c731185cc5c3bf568619e73491", "text": "Satisfy You (Puff Daddy song) `` Satisfy You '' , released on October 13 , 1999 , is a number-one R&B single by American hip-hop artist and producer Puff Daddy and features vocals by American R&B singer-songwriter R. Kelly on the hook The song spent six weeks at number one on the U.S. R&B chart and peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three weeks behind `` Smooth '' by Santana featuring Rob Thomas . The song was co-written by both Combs and R. Kelly , with additional writing by R&B singer Kelly Price , who performs backing vocals . The song 's beat and bassline is taken from `` I Got 5 on It '' by Luniz , which itself interpolates Club Nouveau 's `` Why You Treat Me So Bad '' among others . The song garnered a nomination for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 42nd Grammy Awards in 2000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "729ea5c0cb3e1549f6898c552763d157", "text": "Long Way to Go (Gwen Stefani and André 3000 song) `` Long Way to Go '' is a song by American singer-songwriter Gwen Stefani with American rapper André 3000 . The song appears as the closing track on Stefani 's debut studio album , Love . Angel . Music . Baby . ( 2004 ) . It was released on November 23 , 2004 , along with the rest of Love . Angel . Music . Baby . by Interscope Records . The track was written by both Stefani and 3000 , while 3000 was the sole producer of the track . Despite being scrapped from André 3000 's critically acclaimed OutKast studio album , The Love Below ( 2003 ) , Stefani and 3000 finalized a reworked version of the song to be included on the former 's album . The song prominently features a sample from Martin Luther King , Jr. 's `` I Have a Dream '' speech in its closing outro . King is not credited for contributed lyrics to the song . Musically , `` Long Way to Go '' is influenced by electronic music and alternative hip hop , with partial influence from both dance music and soul music . After its release , `` Long Way to Go '' received scrutiny for its sample of `` I Have a Dream '' . The song also was received negatively for its outdated metaphors on interracial relationships . However , the track did receive positive attention for being a `` standout '' on Love . Angel . Music . Baby . and also for its electronic production , particularly the closing of the track . Stefani performed the track during her 2005 Harajuku Lovers Tour , accompanied by the Harajuku Girls . During the rendition , digital images of people were displayed on a screen before the singer , while dancers performed minimal moves to achieve a more intimate approach .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "502d6a44482dc458f8b66b9b002985e2", "text": "We're All in the Same Gang `` We 're All in the Same Gang '' is a 1990 single by the West Coast Rap All-Stars , a collaboration of West Coast hip-hop artists who assembled for this song , which promoted an anti-violence message . Produced by Dr. Dre , the song featured rhymed lyrics from the following : King Tee Body & Soul ( including Dee Barnes ) Def Jef Michel ` le Tone-Loc Above the Law Ice-T Dr. Dre , MC Ren and Eazy-E of N.W.A J.J. Fad Young MC Digital Underground ( Money-B and Shock G ) Oaktown 's 3.5.7 MC Hammer On the B-side was the Radio Special version of the single ( trimmed down to 4 minutes with the exclusion of Def Jef , Above The Law , JJ Fad , Oaktown 's 3.5.7 . , and MC Hammer ) , and the song `` Tellin ' Time ( Mike 's Rap ) '' , produced by Shock G and featuring Dr. Dre and Michael Concepcion , the executive producer of the project . N.W.A. , Michel ` le , Above the Law and J.J. Fad all recorded for Eazy-E and Jerry Heller 's Ruthless Records . In 1991 , the song was nominated at the 33rd Annual Grammy Awards for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69fbf2b7f1d6bc7402c2ec500d74cf9a", "text": "The Heat (Toni Braxton album) The Heat is the third studio album by American recording artist Toni Braxton . Released in the United States on April 25 , 2000 by LaFace Records , the album marked Braxton 's departure from her ballads in favor of a more urban sound . Most of the songs ( including the nearly instrumental `` The Art of Love '' ) were written and produced by Braxton and her husband Keri Lewis ( a former member of Mint Condition ) , two ballads were penned by Diane Warren , and collaborations featured rappers Dr. Dre and Lisa `` Left Eye '' Lopes . The Heat opened at number two on the Billboard 200 chart selling 194,448 units in its first week . It was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) on October 13 , 2000 , with sales of over 2.2 million copies within the U.S. Additionally , the album was nominated for Best R&B Album at the 2001 Grammy Awards , while lead single `` He Was n't Man Enough '' won for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and was nominated for Best R&B Song .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8a4422869b088635d88dbd59c2a03a75
Dileep (actor) began his film career in 1991.
[ { "docid": "caf0c7b9e2fe25818e5a1289d516ce83", "text": "Dileep (actor) Dileep ( born Gopalakrishnan Padmanabhan Pillai , on 27 October 1968 ) is an Indian film actor , singer , impressionist , producer , and businessman . He 's best known for his slapstick comedy roles in Malayalam cinema and he is the Richest superstar and third highest paid actor of malayalm cinema . In a career spanning over a quarter-century , he has starred in more than 130 films . Dileep began his film career in 1991 by assisting director Kamal . He attained popularity through his impressionist acts in stage shows and Comicola , a television comedy series aired on Asianet . His role as Dileep in Manathe Kottaram ( 1994 ) paved way to his acting career . Films such as Sallapam ( 1996 ) , Ee Puzhayum Kadannu ( 1997 ) , Punjabi House ( 1998 ) , Udayapuram Sulthan ( 1999 ) , and Chandranudikkunna Dikhil ( 1999 ) established his status as a prominent actor during the late-1990s . After delivering back-to-back hits in the early-2000s with films such as Thenkasipattanam ( 2000 ) , Joker ( 2000 ) , Ee Parakkum Thalika ( 2001 ) , Ishtam ( 2001 ) , Mazhathullikkilukkam ( 2002 ) and Kalyanaraman ( 2002 ) , Dileep established himself as a bankable lead star in the Malayalam film industry with the blockbuster success of Meesa Madhavan ( 2002 ) . He won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his role as Madhavan in Meesa Madhavan . He won his first Kerala State Film Award ( Special Jury ) for his performance as Vimal Kumar ( Kunjan ) in Kunjikoonan ( 2002 ) and later won the Best Actor Award for his performance as Mukkom Shajahan in the film Vellaripravinte Changathi ( 2011 ) . Dileep ventured into production , and produced and starred in C.I.D. Moosa ( 2003 ) under the banner Graand Production . Kathavasheshan ( 2004 ) won Dileep the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Film as a producer . In 2008 , under the banner of Graand Production , Dileep produced Twenty :20 by casting most of the mainstream actors of Malayalam cinema , which had become the highest grossing Malayalam film at that time . He produced the multi-starrer in order to raise funds for the Association of Malayalam Movie Artists ( AMMA ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "f075603ef7ec3c57255f9b8a0ee84fe0", "text": "Apoorvam Chilar Apoorvam Chilar is a 1991 Indian Malayalam film , directed by Kaladharanand produced by Kaladharan . The film stars Jagathy Sreekumar , Innocent , KPAC Lalitha and Ganesh Kumar in lead roles . The film had musical score by Johnson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "206835f069d1be9fd86c15df0f8ed1d4", "text": "Akshay Kumar Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia ( born 9 September 1967 ) , better known by his stage name Akshay Kumar , is an Indian-born actor who works in Bollywood films . Kumar is also a producer and martial artist who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Kumar has Canadian citizenship . Kumar won the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Rustom and he has been nominated for Filmfare Awards several times , winning it two times . Box Office India listed Kumar as one of the most successful actors in the history of Indian cinema . In February 2013 , many media outlets reported that the net box-office collection of Kumar 's films had crossed and he was the first and the only Bollywood actor to do so . Having done so , he has established himself as a leading contemporary actor of Hindi cinema . When he began his acting career in the 1990s , he primarily starred in action films and was known for his appearances in films of the `` Khiladi series '' as well as other action films such as Waqt Hamara Hai ( 1993 ) , Mohra ( 1994 ) , Elaan ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Sapoot ( 1996 ) , Jaanwar ( 1999 ) . Later , Kumar also gained fame for his drama , romance , action and comic roles . His performances in romance films like Yeh Dillagi ( 1994 ) , Dhadkan ( 2000 ) , Andaaz ( 2003 ) and Namastey London ( 2007 ) , as well as drama films such as Waqt : The Race Against Time ( 2005 ) . His comic performances in comedy films such as Hera Pheri ( 2000 ) , Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , Garam Masala ( 2005 ) , Bhagam Bhag ( 2006 ) , Bhool Bhulaiyaa ( 2007 ) , and Singh Is Kinng ( 2008 ) met with acclaim . In 2007 , he starred in four consecutive commercially successful films . Kumar hit a rough patch since 2009 to 2011 but came back with two successes , Housefull 2 ( 2012 ) and Rowdy Rathore ( 2012 ) with both of them grossing over . His other films like OMG ( 2012 ) , Special 26 ( 2012 ) , Holiday ( 2014 ) and Gabbar Is Back ( 2015 ) were highly successful critically and commercially . From January 2016 to February 2017 , he starred in four Rs 100-crore plus earner in a row with films Airlift ( 2016 ) , Housefull 3 ( 2016 ) , Rustom ( 2016 ) and Jolly LLB 2 ( 2017 ) . Apart from acting , Kumar has also worked as a stunt actor ; he has often performed many dangerous stunts in his films , which has earned him the sobriquet `` Indian Jackie Chan '' . In 2008 , he hosted the show Fear Factor -- Khatron Ke Khiladi . The next year , he founded the Hari Om Entertainment production company . In 2012 , he founded another production company called Grazing Goat Pictures . In 2014 , Kumar launched TV realty show Dare 2 Dance . He also owns the team Khalsa Warriors in the World Kabaddi League . In 2015 , Kumar was ranked 9th in Forbes ' first global list of highest-paid actors in the world . In 2008 , the University of Windsor conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Kumar in recognition of his contribution to Indian cinema . The following year he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India . In 2011 , The Asian Awards honoured Kumar for his outstanding achievement in Cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e08f0d62e3eb145953ed04562a35cd75", "text": "Jagdeep Jagdeep is the screen name of ( Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Jafri ; born 29 March 1939 ) is an Indian film actor who has appeared in more than 400 films . He is especially known for his comic roles . He played Soorma Bhopali in Sholay ( 1975 ) , Machchar in Purana Mandir ( 1984 ) , Salman Khan 's dad in Andaz Apna Apna ( 1994 ) and directed a movie Soorma Bhopali with this character as the protagonist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e91e15ec2111db744ae079b28f4b049e", "text": "Vembanad (film) Vembanad is a 1991 Indian Malayalam film , directed by Prof. Sivaprasad , starring Mahesh and Jayabharathi in the lead roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df159dbd0bef491b9736c9095d44fa36", "text": "Aditya Pancholi Aditya Pancholi ( born Nirmal Pancholi , 12 September 1965 ) is an Indian film actor , producer and playback singer who appears in Bollywood films . He started his career as a lead actor but found more success with supporting and negative roles and received a Filmfare nomination for the Best Performance in a Negative Role for Yes Boss ( 1997 ) . Pancholi began his career with television movies produced by Nari Hira and ventured into mainstream Bollywood cinema with Sasti Dulhan Mehnga Dulha ( 1986 ) . Pancholi first came to limelight with an important role in Maha-Sangram ( 1990 ) . He had the peak of his career between the late 1980s and early 1990s . He initially gave critically acclaimed performances as a lead actor in films like Kab Tak Chup Rahungi ( 1988 ) , Qatil ( 1988 ) , Kahan Hai Kanoon ( 1989 ) , Sailaab ( 1990 ) , Laal Paree ( 1991 ) , Naamcheen ( 1991 ) , Yaad Rakhegi Duniya ( 1992 ) , Chor Aur Chaand ( 1993 ) and Surakshaa ( 1995 ) but failed to find commercial success . His biggest commercial success as a lead actor and his most well-known performance was in Mahesh Bhatt 's Saathi ( 1991 ) . After failing to make a mark as a lead actor , Pancholi became a supporting actor in multi-starrer movies like Ladaai ( 1988 ) , Jaadugar ( 1989 ) , Aatish : Feel the Fire ( 1994 ) and Aankhen ( 2002 ) and became synonymous for negative roles in movies like Awwal Number ( 1990 ) , Jung ( 1996 ) , Khilona ( 1996 ) , Yes Boss ( 1997 ) , Hameshaa ( 1997 ) , Jung ( 2000 ) and Musafir ( 2004 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5434b329ec46e9773b74441f5d279f2", "text": "Sundeep Malani Sandeep Malani ( born 19 November 1971 ) is an Indian film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f682819e3c3670ec0b54c9fb04b2b542", "text": "Diljit Dosanjh Diljit Dosanjh ( Punjabi : ਦਿਲਜੀਤ ਦੋਸਾਂਝ ) is an Indian film actor , singer and television presenter , who works in Punjabi and Hindi cinema . He is recognized as one of the leading artists in the Punjabi music industry . He also acts in Punjabi movies , with many of them being noticeable hits , including 2012 film Jatt & Juliet , 2013 films Jatt & Juliet 2 and Punjab 1984 , 2015 film Sardaar Ji , and the 2016 films Ambarsariya and Sardaar Ji 2 -- which are counted among the most successful Punjabi movies in history . His first recorded mainstream performance was his solo track and music video Ishq Da Uda Ada from his 2000 album produced by Finetone Cassettes . He made his Bollywood debut with Udta Punjab in 2016 for which he earned Filmfare Award for Best Debut ( Male ) . He mostly works with White Hill Productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dc78e942abbbf2b798c1aac1ed01bdb", "text": "Dilbagh Singh (singer) Dilbagh Singh is a Punjabi language singer-songwriter and film actor . Singh was born in Delhi , but is currently based in Mumbai , India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaf4f8016582fb872b92e632a7e960e9", "text": "PK (film) PK is a 2014 Indian satirical science fiction comedy film . The film was directed by Rajkumar Hirani , produced by Hirani and Vidhu Vinod Chopra , and written by Hirani and Abhijat Joshi . The film stars Aamir Khan in the title role with Anushka Sharma , Sushant Singh Rajput , Boman Irani , Saurabh Shukla , and Sanjay Dutt in supporting roles . It tells the story of an alien who comes to Earth on a research mission . He befriends a television journalist and questions religious dogmas and superstitions . The film received positive reviews and emerged as the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time , and ranks as the 70th highest-grossing film of 2014 worldwide . The film has been regarded as one of the best Hindi films of 2014 . It is currently the 3rd highest-grossing Indian film of all time only behind Baahubali 2 : The Conclusion and Dangal ( film ) . PK is the first Indian film to gross 7 billion worldwide . It is also the first Indian film to gross US$ 100 million ( Rs 630 crore ) worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf1260c8d0e9ec6a7f81b82d5795458", "text": "Kill Dil Kill Dil ( English : Kill Heart , stylized as : Kill/Dil ) is a 2014 Indian romantic action comedy film directed by Shaad Ali and produced by Aditya Chopra under the Yash Raj Films banner . The film stars Ranveer Singh , Ali Zafar and Parineeti Chopra in lead roles , with Govinda portraying the antagonist . The film was released on 14 November 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aeae9a32656b3843d5450e9a0bd392ad", "text": "I (film) I ( also known as Shankar 's I ) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language romantic thriller film written and directed by Shankar and co-written by Subha . Produced and distributed by V. Ravichandran under his production company , Aascar Films , the film features Vikram and Amy Jackson in lead roles while Suresh Gopi , Upen Patel , Santhanam and Ramkumar Ganesan portray pivotal roles . The soundtrack and film score were composed by A. R. Rahman . Production design was handled by T. Muthuraj . P. C. Sreeram was the film 's cinematographer and editing was done by Anthony . The visual effects were designed by V. Srinivas Mohan through Rising Sun Pictures . Weta Workshop had worked on the digital and prosthetic make-up and background arts for the film . Principal photography commenced on 15 July 2012 . The filming lasted for two years and eight months , during which shooting was done extensively in China . Further schedules were filmed in locations in Chennai , Bangkok , Jodhpur , Kodaikanal , Pollachi , Bangalore and Mysore . The film was dubbed and released in Telugu and Hindi along with the Tamil version . The film , released on Pongal 2015 , tells the story of a body builder turned supermodel , played by Vikram , who after being deformed , exacts revenge upon those who were responsible for his predicament . Critics praised Vikram 's performance , the technical aspects of the film - especially the costume design and makeup , and A.R. Rahman 's soundtrack and score but criticised the ` wafer-thin ' writing and screenplay and the film 's excessive length ( 188 minutes ) . However , the film was a commercial success , grossing worldwide , becoming the fourth-highest grossing Tamil film and Vikram 's highest-grossing film at the time . Vikram won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor -- Tamil for the movie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27b4d9a9d3eb56395102a30624b62981", "text": "Life of Josutty Life of Josutty is a 2015 Malayalam drama film directed by Jeethu Joseph . The film stars Dileep in the title role along with a supporting cast consisting of Jyothi Krishna , Rachana Narayanankutty , Renjini Rupesh , Hareesh Perady and Chempil Asokan . The story is formatted with commentaries from the protagonist . The screenplay and dialogue are written by Rajesh Varma . The film is co-produced and released by Eros International , it is their debut production and distribution in Malayalam cinema . Life of Josutty released on 24 September 2015 and met with generally positive reviews .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3a5a918253f05d0b036f1c3d5f630541", "text": "Sadhu Sant Sadhu Sant is a 1991 Hindi Indian film announced , starring Amitabh Bachchan and Mithun Chakraborty . The film was much awaited , but never graced theatres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01a93e7d6e5e11c7d9247e5893233ec2", "text": "Angaar Angaar ( English : Fire ) is an Indian Hindi crime drama film directed by Shashilal K. Nair , released on 1 September 1992 . The film stars Jackie Shroff , Dimple Kapadia , and Nana Patekar in lead roles . The film was speculated to have been based on the life of Karim Lala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672", "text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6489d1caf870afe4c6bc2fadb7833d70", "text": "Kohraam Kohraam is a 1991 Bollywood film starring Dharmendra directed by Kuku Kohli .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be904a4859247a01e7da0e36a064aedb", "text": "Jigar Jigar is a 1992 Bollywood martial arts action film directed by Farogh Siddique . It was inspired by the 1989 Hollywood movie Kickboxer . Jigar was released during Diwali weekend and proved to be successful . It was Ajay Devgn 's second success after Phool Aur Kaante and premiered at the Plaza cinema , Mumbai .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c4c6f961baf6c670c8d803e0e233f82", "text": "Khilaaf Khilaaf is a 1991 Indian Bollywood film directed by Rajeev Nagpal and produced by Anil Tarika . It stars Chunky Pandey and Madhuri Dixit in pivotal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d03d3a4feb2490823e448167452def5", "text": "Deepankar De Deepankar De ( born 5 July 1944 ) is an actor in the Kolkata-based Bengali film industry . He has worked in many movies as hero , villain and character artist . His first film role was in Satyajit Ray 's Seemabaddha ( Company Limited , 1971 ) . He starred in Ray 's Ganashatru ( Enemy of the People , 1990 ) , Shakha Proshakha ( Branches of the Tree , 1990 ) and Agantuk ( The Stranger , 1991 ) . He has acted in many art house and commercial films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed10a7343f69ae5b8ab0622a71d0c453", "text": "Dil Deke Dekho Dil Deke Dekho , a 1959 Indian Hindi romantic comedy film , was Nasir Hussain 's second film as director . His first directorial venture was Tumsa Nahin Dekha ( 1957 ) , which became a big hit and which gave star Shammi Kapoor a new image as a comedic , dancing hero . Husain and Kapoor reteamed here . Asha Parekh , a former child actress , made her film debut as a heroine . This was also the debut film of comedian Rajendranath ( younger brother of Premnath . ) This is also music composer Usha Khanna 's first film . The film became a hit at the box office . Husain , Kapoor , and Parekh would reteam again for Teesri Manzil ( 1966 ) , which also became a big hit . Husain would also cast Parekh as his leading lady in five other films . Shammi Kapoor had said that he had initially wanted Waheeda Rehman to play his leading lady in the film , but the producer had already signed Asha Parekh , and he encouraged her during filming . The film was released on Asha 's 17th birthday .", "title": "" } ]
fever
1ca49fa36e9538d46b28d80b86f33595
Beginning in 1963 and continuing until 1965, Singapore was a component of Malaysia.
[ { "docid": "0ed42191afb8b970ea5bac0417a4a21b", "text": "Singapore Singapore ( -LSB- ˈsɪŋgəpɔr -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Singapore , sometimes referred to as the Lion City , the Garden City or the Little Red Dot , is a sovereign city-state in Southeast Asia . It lies one degree ( 137 km ) north of the equator , at the southern tip of peninsular Malaysia , with Indonesia 's Riau Islands to the south . Singapore 's territory consists of one main island along with 62 other islets . Since independence , extensive land reclamation has increased its total size by 23 % ( 130 km2 ) , and its greening policy has covered the densely populated island with tropical flora , parks and gardens . Stamford Raffles founded colonial Singapore in 1819 as a trading post of the East India Company ; after its collapse and the eventual establishment of the British Raj , the islands were ceded to Britain and became part of its Straits Settlements in 1826 . During the Second World War , Singapore was occupied by Japan . It gained independence from the UK in 1963 by federating with other former British territories to form Malaysia , but separated two years later over ideological differences , becoming a sovereign nation in 1965 . After early years of turbulence , and despite lacking natural resources and a hinterland , the nation developed rapidly as an Asian Tiger economy , based on external trade and its workforce . Singapore is a global commerce , finance and transport hub . Its standings include : the most `` technology-ready '' nation ( WEF ) , top International-meetings city ( UIA ) , city with `` best investment potential '' ( BERI ) , second-most competitive country , third-largest foreign exchange market , third-largest financial centre , third-largest oil refining and trading centre , and the second-busiest container port . The country has also been identified as a tax haven . Singapore ranks 5th on the UN Human Development Index and the 3rd highest GDP per capita . It is ranked highly in education , healthcare , life expectancy , quality of life , personal safety , and housing . Although income inequality is high , 90 % of homes are owner-occupied . 38 % of Singapore 's 5.6 million residents are permanent residents and other foreign nationals . There are four official languages : English ( common and first language ) , Malay , Mandarin , Tamil ; almost all Singaporeans are bilingual . Singapore is a unitary multiparty parliamentary republic , with a Westminster system of unicameral parliamentary government . The People 's Action Party has won every election since self-government in 1959 . The dominance of the PAP , coupled with a low level of press freedom and restrictions on civil liberties and political rights , has led to Singapore being classified by some as a semi-authoritarian regime . One of the five founding members of the ASEAN , Singapore is also the host of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ( APEC ) Secretariat , and a member of the East Asia Summit , Non-Aligned Movement , and the Commonwealth of Nations .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "22825180f3797009fd3cf6178ab51fd2", "text": "List of Malaysian stamps Formerly called the Federation of Malaya until 1963 , Malaysia became started to issue stamps under the current name starting in 1963 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "437c5cc1631a15aa6be18c6b88b28357", "text": "Singaporean general election, 1968 General elections were held in Singapore on 19 April 1968 , the first as an independent state following the island 's expulsion from Malaysia . The elections were boycotted by all opposition parties except the Workers Party , which only contested two constituencies . With five independents also running , only seven seats were contested , resulting in People 's Action Party ( PAP ) candidates returned unopposed in the other 51 seats , meaning the party had won the elections before voting took place . Although the total electorate was 759,367 , only 84,883 voters lived in contested seats ; Farrer Park , Geylang Serai , Jalan Kayu , Kampong Ubi , Moulmein , Nee Soon and Tanjong Pagar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba8d2c4ebcbcf25796f42e5f541e7be2", "text": "Port of Singapore The Port of Singapore refers to the collective facilities and terminals that conduct maritime trade handling functions in harbours and which handle Singapore 's shipping . Currently the world 's second-busiest port in terms of total shipping tonnage , it also trans-ships a fifth of the world 's shipping containers , half of the world 's annual supply of crude oil , and is the world 's busiest transshipment port . It was also the busiest port in terms of total cargo tonnage handled until 2005 , when it was surpassed by the Port of Shanghai . Thousands of ships drop anchor in the harbour , connecting the port to over 600 other ports in 123 countries and spread over six continents . The Port of Singapore is not a mere economic boon , but an economic necessity because Singapore is lacking in land and natural resources . The Port is critical for importing natural resources , and then later re-exporting products after they have been refined and shaped in some manner , for example wafer fabrication or oil refining to generate revenue . The service industries such as hospitality services typical of a port of call restock the food and water supplies on ships . Ships pass between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean through the Singapore Strait . The Straits of Johor on the country 's north are impassable for ships due to the Johor-Singapore Causeway , built in 1923 , which links the city of Woodlands , Singapore to Johor Bahru in Malaysia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfcccd9333729dcb7f0553f9756e096f", "text": "Mexico–Singapore relations The United Mexican States and the Republic of Singapore have had diplomatic and other bilateral relations since 1975 . Current annual trade between the two countries totals over 3 billion dollars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9524f43cb16b7eebb0da1da88e6fa80", "text": "1997 in Malaysia 1997 in Malaysia is the 40th anniversary of Malaysia 's independence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65b3c93e04e93f5555c9923780217bc7", "text": "1960 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Conference The 1960 Commonwealth Prime Ministers ' Conference was the tenth Meeting of the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations . It was held in the United Kingdom in May 1960 , and was hosted by that country 's Prime Minister , Harold Macmillan . This was the first Commonwealth conference since Malayan independence in August 1957 and saw the growing importance of the non-white `` New Commonwealth '' countries . Malaya 's prime minister , Tunku Abdul Rahman and his government vigorously opposed the apartheid policies of South Africa and , with the support of Pakistan , India and Ghana , demanded that the issue be addressed by the Commonwealth . However , Macmillan insisted that the final communique could only include matters on which the leaders were unanimous . Ghana advised the meeting that it would be becoming a republic and South Africa advised that it would be holding a referendum on the issue . Ghana was advised that its continued membership in the Commonwealth as a republic was recognised , however , South Africa was advised that it would need to seek consent of other Commonwealth governments for its membership to continue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af91e591f0cb301ee71c5e98f2345edf", "text": "Sunda Straits Crisis The Sunda Straits Crisis was a two-week confrontation between the United Kingdom and Indonesia over the passage of the Illustrious-class aircraft carrier HMS Victorious through the Sunda Strait , a major waterway separating the Indonesian islands of Java and Sumatra , occurring between August and September 1964 . The incident was part of the larger Indonesia-Malaysia confrontation , an armed conflict between Indonesia and Malaysia ( with the military support of Britain ) over the formation of the latter as an independent state . On 27 August 1964 , the British aircraft carrier HMS Victorious and her two destroyer escorts sailed through the Sunda Strait , an international waterway claimed by Indonesia , en route for Australia . Upset by the casual warning the British had given of the ships ' impending passage through the Strait ( a telephone call made two days before ) , the lack of mention of the carrier in the warning , and wary of the possibility that the British were attempting to provoke them into a violent response , the Indonesian Ministry of Foreign Affairs decided two days later to attempt to bar the warships from making the return journey to Singapore , scheduled for the middle of September . Infuriated by what was perceived as yet another affront to British prestige after the recent landings at Pontian and Labis by Indonesian volunteers in southwestern Malaysia , members of the British Cabinet , particularly Peter Thorneycroft and Louis Mountbatten , favoured sending the carrier back through the Strait in spite of the Indonesian ban . Though British naval commanders in the Far East had grave concerns that the Victorious would be indefensible while in passage , the prevailing opinion was that not to send the ship would result in an immense political defeat on both a domestic and international scale as well as the loss of rights to an important waterway . Tension mounted as the British and Indonesians each refused to bend , and as the carrier 's time to sail came , war became extremely likely . However , the Indonesians offered on 10 September a way out : an alternative route through the Lombok Strait . The British took them up on this offer , to the relief of both parties , and the Victorious made a peaceful return through Indonesian territory . War was averted , and the climax of tensions during the Confrontation had been passed . Never again was the threat of all-out war a realistic possibility , despite some large land battles in northern Borneo the following spring , and the Confrontation wound down by late fall of 1965 without ever escalating into a major conflict , with a peace deal signed the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d8a7b0aacbffb220547ceb97cb2ebdf", "text": "Poverty in Malaysia Poverty in Malaysia is a controversial economic issue . The definition of poverty and the poverty line for Malaysians has been disputed , and government policies to address poverty such as the Malaysian New Economic Policy have been met with political protest . Malaysia 's total population is 31 million as of 2015 , of which 0.6 % live below the national poverty line . Malaysia has grown rapidly in terms of economic development . An indicator is that in 2014 , 65.6 % of the population aged 15 years and above were employed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e87afe459e21f246c1d29adf6365afde", "text": "Tengku Abdul Rahman Tengku Abdul Rahman may refer to : Tengku Abdul Rahman ( Sultan of Johor ) , Sultan of Johor when Singapore was founded in 1819 Tuanku Abdul Rahman , first Yang di-Pertuan Agong , the Malaysian king and the Yang di-Pertuan Besar of the Malaysian state of Negeri Sembilan Tunku Abdul Rahman , first prime minister of Malaysia , prime minister of Federation of Malaya and also president of UMNO Tunku Abdul Rahman ( born 1935 ) , younger brother of Sultan Iskandar of Johor , who also served as crown prince of Johor from 1961 to 1981 Tunku Abdul Rahman Hassanal Jeffri , 4th son of the Sultan of Johor , Sultan Ibrahim Ismail", "title": "" }, { "docid": "07935c6b4643dd602ecec51d2071ec0f", "text": "Sri Temasek Sri Temasek is a two-storey detached house built in 1869 which is sited within the grounds of the Istana in Singapore . During the island 's colonial era , it served as the residence of the Colonial Secretary or Chief Secretary . Since the establishment of the State of Singapore in 1959 , it has been the official residence of the Prime Minister of Singapore , though none of Singapore 's Prime Ministers has ever lived there . Together with the Istana , it was gazetted a national monument on 14 February 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "814021b90e9033a42fa71f58464d5fcd", "text": "Treaty of London 1956 The Treaty of London 1956 was signed to set up the independent Federation of Malaya , which achieved its independence on 31 August 1957 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bf10c2a3fb0e917a4c847891fd1d109", "text": "Ultra (Malaysia) During the 1960s in Malaysia and Singapore , some racial extremists were referred to as `` ultras '' . The phrase was most commonly used by the first Prime Minister of Singapore , Lee Kuan Yew , and other leaders of his political party , the People 's Action Party ( PAP ) , to refer to Malay extremists . However , it was also used by some members of the United Malays National Organisation ( UMNO ) -- the leader of the Alliance coalition governing Malaysia -- to refer to Lee instead , as Lee was perceived to be a Chinese chauvinist himself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8330068abb3f81b309a62b0256c0c98d", "text": "Malaysian local elections, 1963 The local elections were held in Malaysia in 1963 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84c8a78201503bb8611d5d75801b4bda", "text": "Warna 94.2FM Warna 94.2 FM is a Malay language contemporary music radio station operated by Mediacorp . The station plays a unique blend of international Malay top 40 music from 1950s and beyond , and provides Islamic General Service for Singapore . It is one of the nation 's oldest stations , having began operating out of Singapore with the independence of Malaya on 31 August 1957 as RTS Radio 2 . The branding stuck even as the network the station was in changed names several times until 23 November 1991 where the station gained its current name as Warna ( Malay : `` Colour '' ) . It is currently Singapore 's # 1 Malay Radio Station according to the latest Nielsen Radio Survey as of 1 December 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1327fe93826c5aafc9d603d098641378", "text": "Chief Secretary, Singapore The Chief Secretary , Singapore , known as the Colonial Secretary , Singapore , before 1955 , and the Colonial Secretary , Straits Settlements , before 1946 , was a high ranking government civil position in colonial Singapore ( the Straits Settlements before 1946 ) between 1867 and 1959 . It was second only to the Governor of Singapore ( formerly the Governor of the Straits Settlements ) in the colonial government . The Straits Settlements , which mainly comprised Singapore , Penang and Malacca , became a crown colony in 1867 . The position of the Colonial Secretary ( CS ) was subsequently created with a view to replacing the Resident Councillor in Singapore . During the Second World War , the position was vacant and suspended following the downfall of the Malay Peninsula into the hands of the Japanese invaders . In 1946 , Singapore parted from Penang and Malacca , forming itself into a crown colony , so the jurisdiction of CS was reduced to Singapore only . The name `` Colonial Secretary '' was later changed to `` Chief Secretary '' in 1955 when the crown colony adopted the Rendel Constitution . Having been in existence for 92 years , the position was abolished in 1959 with the complete introduction of internal self-rule for Singapore . Being the head of the CS 's Office , the CS was an ex-officio member of both the Executive and Legislative Councils , and at the same time the head of the Colonial Secretariat from 1867 to 1955 . When Singapore adopted its new constitution in 1955 , although the Colonial Secretariat was abolished , the CS remained an ex-officio member of the Council of Ministers and the Legislative Assembly . The workplace of CS was located at Empress Place Building while Sri Temasek , which was next to the Government House ( Istana ) , was the official residence of the CS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30877e8ad0bfe26fd052365e357f3bcf", "text": "North Borneo dispute The North Borneo dispute is the territorial dispute between the Federation of Malaysia and the Republic of the Philippines over much of the eastern part of the state of Sabah , a territory known as North Borneo prior to the formation of the Malaysian federation . The Philippines , presenting itself as the successor state of the Sultanate of Sulu , retains a `` dormant claim '' on Sabah on the basis that the territory was only leased to the British North Borneo Company in 1878 , with the sovereignty of the Sultanate ( and subsequently the Republic ) over the territory never having been relinquished . However , Malaysia considers this dispute as a `` non-issue '' as it interprets the 1878 agreement as that of cession and that it deems that the residents of Sabah had exercised their right to self-determination when they joined to form the Malaysian federation in 1963 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06550394254dd0e10df4e5a892237bc1", "text": "Chief Ministers in Malaysia In Malaysia , the Menteri Besar ( Jawi : منتري بسر ; literally `` First Minister '' ) is the head of government of each of nine states in Malaysia with hereditary rulers . For four states without a monarch , the title Chief Minister ( Ketua Menteri ) is used . The title ` Menteri Besar ' is usually untranslated in the English media in Malaysia , but is typically translated as ` Chief Minister ' by foreign media . According to protocol , all Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers are styled Yang Amat Berhormat ( abbreviated YAB ) , which means `` The Most Honourable '' . The nine hereditary rulers of the Malay states and the appointed governors of the other four states serve as constitutional and ceremonial heads of their states , with the state executive authority rests with the Menteris Besar and Chief Ministers . Following elections to the state legislative assembly , the Ruler or Governor usually invites the party ( or coalition ) with a majority of seats to form the state government . The Ruler or Governor appoints and swears in the Menteris Besar or Chief Ministers , whose executive council ( except Sabah and Sarawak which known as Cabinet ) are collectively responsible to the assembly . Based on the Westminster system , given that he retains the confidence of the assembly , the Menteri 's Besar or Chief Minister 's term can last for the length of the assembly 's life -- a maximum of five years . There are no limits to the number of terms that the Menteri Besar or Chief Minister can serve .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "833dd2dc00f9a6c25e0426fe51323582", "text": "Geography of Singapore Singapore is a small , heavily urbanised , island city-state in Southeast Asia , located at the end of the Malayan Peninsula between Malaysia and Indonesia . Singapore has a total land area of 719.1 km2 . The Singapore area comprises mainland and other islands . The mainland of Singapore measures 50 km from east to west and 27 km from north to south with 193 km of coastline . These figures are based on 2.515 m High Water Mark cadastral survey boundaries . Singapore is separated from Indonesia by the Singapore Strait and from Malaysia by the Straits of Johor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48a3e72ebe93d0956bdcca0695ce661a", "text": "The Making of Malaysia The Making of Malaysia : Britain , the ` Grand Design ' , Decolonisation and Malaysia is a 2005 book by Professor Anthony John Stockwell which examines the British end of empire policy relating to the decolonization of North Borneo , Sarawak , Brunei and Singapore on the way to the formation of the new federation of Malaysia during the 1960s . Stockwell draws on an analysis of government and personal documents from the period in order to reveal the complex negotiations and rivalries involved in the transition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8c79043e0e6a4e63b6652467a05fcbb", "text": "Kuala Terengganu Kuala Terengganu ( -LSB- ˈkuˈala ˈtəˈrengˈganu -RSB- Jawi : , ) , often abbreviated as K.T. , is the administrative capital , royal capital and the main economic centre of Terengganu , Malaysia . Kuala Terengganu is also the administrative centre for the eponymous district of Kuala Terengganu . Kuala Terengganu is located about 440 kilometres northeast of Kuala Lumpur on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia . The city is situated at the estuary of Terengganu River , facing the South China Sea . As a district , Kuala Terengganu is the smallest in terms of area , but it ( together with the district of Kuala Nerus that form the city area ) has the largest population in Terengganu with a population of 406,317 in 2010 . City status was awarded to Kuala Terengganu with the title Bandaraya Warisan Pesisir Air ( English : Coastal Heritage City ) on 1 January 2008 . Besides being a major political and economic centre to the state , the city is also the main gateway to many of the state 's tourist destinations . The attractions in and around the city include Kampung Cina , Pasar Besar Kedai Payang , Terengganu State Museum , and Batu Buruk Beach . Even though the city is not spared from modernity and development , Kuala Terengganu still retains strong Malay influences that are intermixed with other cultures from its long history as a port .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c281af0e8693b405c9a518fe8827482e
Ātman is a word.
[ { "docid": "cb8123c29b43de8231774935eafb9e54", "text": "Ātman (Hinduism) Ātman ( -LSB- ˈɑːtmən -RSB- ) is a Sanskrit word that means inner self or soul . In Hindu philosophy , especially in the Vedanta school of Hinduism , Ātman is the first principle , the true self of an individual beyond identification with phenomena , the essence of an individual . In order to attain liberation ( moksha ) , a human being must acquire self-knowledge ( atma jnana ) , which is to realize that one 's true self ( Ātman ) is identical with the transcendent self Brahman . The six orthodox schools of Hinduism believe that there is Ātman ( soul , self ) in every being , a major point of difference with Buddhism , which does not believe that there is either soul or self .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a1fda66491b106656cd20f568f6c6a36", "text": "Transcendent truth Transcendent truths are those unaffected by time or space . They define the world , but are not defined by the world . An example of a transcendent truth is `` God is good '' , or `` there is no God '' . Either way , how one looks at things contained by time and space is a result of the transcendent truth . One is true ; both can not be true at the same time . World views are made up of transcendent truths , things we believe are true before we question whether or not anything else is true . The Transcendent Truth is the only Truth that is , ultimately , beyond human comprehension and before all concepts . It is beyond reality , and is the Creator of realities , existence , time and all there is , was and is yet to be . It is the Light that sacred texts speak of that illuminates hearts with knowledge from a Source beyond our universe . It is actually the true definition of God . Gandhi once signed a photograph of himself with the text `` God is truth '' . Buddha once said that truth is the saviour from sin . And Christ said to His disciples `` I am the Truth '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0da1b85495ef97419cd7e95f22a1c043", "text": "Bałwan Bałwan pl , balvan / балван sr ( literally wood block ) or balvan ky -- today , literally indistinguishable from everyday word for snowman , is an ancient word common to all Slavic languages , describing a statuesque or monolithic depiction or a pillar or a plinth depicting or erected in honor of a deity . This object was worshipped , or constituted a tangible representation of a cult image . The Western Slavs transcribed and pronounced the word as bałwan ( in American English pronounced : BOW as in the phrase bow-wow and von as in Stratford-Upon-Avon , with the accent on the penultimate ( in this case , the first ) syllable , as is the typical stress ) , which is its contemporary and old Polish lexical manifestation , whereas the Southern Slavs and the Eastern Slavs used the just slightly differently-voweled bołwan ( English pronunciation : BOH-van ) . The word itself has Sanskrit origins , where it figures as bala ( the force ) appended witth the suffix - van signifying possession of an attribute , thus etymologically bałwan means strong , powerful , mighty . In the Kyrgyz language of Central Asia , geographically remote from the territories Slavs are today identified with in Europe , balvan is a `` strongman '' or a hero , whereas in Persian , pahlevān denotes a militant or a veteran , as well as the plinth or boundary marker erected in his or her honor , or even a cairn , and , by extension , a fool . That latter meaning , at first secondary , became primary after Christianity was imposed on the Slavs , making bałwan acquire a distinctly pejorative primary meaning . Some suggest that the Slavs share throughout their idioms such as they have evolved apart this single entity -- a common term for all cult objects in the form of a statue or cairn -- might suggest that idolatry spread early among the Slavic peoples , perhaps when they came in contact with Turkic peoples or Iranian . A word with similar etymology is the Slavic word for God ( when capitalized ) or deity , bóg , a cognate of Sanskrit `` bhaga '' / Iranian or Persian bag . In India the concept of a deity or god is often relayed with the word bhagvan , variously transcribed as bhagwan . A derived term from bałwan is the Slavic word for idolatry : bałwochwalstwo '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e8336007ed7048a3577b217c56592a", "text": "Alakh Niranjan Alakh Niranjan is a term used by Nath Yogis as a synonym for Creator , and to describe the characteristics of God and the Self , known as the Atman . Alakh means `` sightless '' and niranjan means `` spotfree '' . Niranjan is another name of Lord Shiva . Also spelled , `` Alekh '' . The original Sanskrit term Alakhshya means `` one that can not be perceived ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70b7c2afbbbe192c564c6b2505ced594", "text": "ATM Grupa Established in 1992 , ATM Grupa S.A. is the largest independent TV producer in Poland . The company has an approximately 14 percent share of the market estimated to be worth PLN 750m . ATM is the only company in the market with its own technical and logistic base of studios and equipment that enables them to provide of the full range of services related to preparation and production of TV programs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "73bdd0507ce8efcfe7b4a1823764538d", "text": "Mandukya Upanishad The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad ( Sanskrit : माण्डूक्य उपनिषद् , ) is the shortest of all the Upanishads , and is assigned to Atharvaveda . It is listed as number 6 in the Muktikā canon of 108 Upanishads . It is in prose , consisting of twelve terse verses , and is associated with a Rig Vedic school of scholars . It discusses the syllable Om , presents the theory of four states of consciousness , asserts the existence and nature of Atman ( Soul , Self ) . The Mandukya Upanishad is notable for having been recommended in the Muktikā Upanishad , through two central characters of the Ramayana , as the one Upanishad that alone is sufficient for knowledge to gain moksha , and as first in its list of eleven principal Upanishads . The text is also notable for inspiring Gaudapada 's Karika , a classic for the Vedanta school of Hinduism . Mandukya Upanishad is among the oft cited texts on chronology and philosophical relationship between Hinduism and Buddhism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "867ffe080b916558ae19a956bfea04b3", "text": "World Soul World Soul may refer to : World Soul ( novel ) , a science fiction novel Anima mundi , the `` World Soul '' in various philosophical systems Atman ( disambiguation ) , a `` World Soul '' concept in several Dharmic traditions", "title": "" }, { "docid": "144d4729dbfdf273e08e254111e324bb", "text": "Bhava The Sanskrit word `` bhāva '' means `` emotion , sentiment , state of body or mind , disposition '' , while `` bhava '' means `` being , worldly existence , becoming , birth , be , production , origin '' . The former term is rooted in latter , and in some context also means `` becoming , being , existing , occurring , appearance '' while connoting the condition thereof . In Buddhism , bhava denotes the continuity of becoming ( reincarnating ) in one of the realms of existence , in the samsaric context of rebirth , life and the maturation arising therefrom . It is the tenth of the Twelve Nidanas , in its Pratītyasamutpāda doctrine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f825e7fc2c9561b234a000e723297904", "text": "Siddhar The Siddhar ( Tamil : Cittar from Tamil cittu meaning intellect , singular Cittar ) refers to intellectual people in Tamil language , from ancient Tamilakam , and was written only in Tamil language . A siddha obtains intellectual powers called siddhi by constant practice of certain educational disciplines . Historically , Siddhar also refers to the people who were early age wandering adepts that dominated ancient Tamil teaching and philosophy . They were knowledgeable in science , technology , astronomy , literature , fine arts , music , drama , dance , and provided solutions to common people in their illness and advice for their future . Some of their ideologies are considered to have originated during the First Sangam period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "966261bc9c106796067e2db040009e0b", "text": "Shaucha Shaucha ( Sanskrit : शौच , also spelled Saucha , Śauca ) literally means purity , cleanliness and clearness . It refers to purity of mind , speech and body . Saucha is one of the Niyamas of Yoga . It is discussed in many ancient Indian texts such as the Mahabharata and Patanjali 's Yoga Sutras . It is a virtue in Hinduism and Jainism . Saucha includes outer purity of body as well as inner purity of mind . The concept of Saucha is synonymous with Shuddhi . LePage states that Saucha in yoga is on many levels , and deepens as an understanding and evolution of self increases . Shaucha , or holistic purity of the body , is considered essential for health , happiness and general well-being . External purity is achieved through daily ablutions , while internal purity is cultivated through physical exercises , including asana ( postures ) and pranayama ( breathing techniques ) . Along with daily ablutions to cleanse one 's body , the concept of Shaucha suggests clean surrounding , along with fresh and clean food to purify the body . Lack of Saucha , such as letting toxins build in body are a source of impurity . Shaucha goes beyond purity of body , and includes purity of speech and mind . Anger , hate , prejudice , greed , pride , fear , negative thoughts are a source of impurity of mind . The impurities of the intellect are cleansed through the process of self-examination , or knowledge of self ( Adhyatma-Vidya ) . The mind is purified through mindfulness and meditation on one 's intent , feelings , actions and its causes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bf586ad3489c1ffee8a705ebb7dfd41", "text": "Atharvashikha Upanishad The Atharvashikha Upanishad ( IAST : ) is a Sanskrit text that is one of the minor Upanishads of Hinduism . It is among the 31 Upanishads associated with the Atharvaveda . It is classified as a Shaiva Upanishad focussed on god Shiva . The text is composed through the voice of the Sage Atharvan , to whom the Atharvaveda is eponymously attributed . The text discusses and equates Om symbol to Shiva as the Supreme Being and Brahman , explaining the spirituality behind its chanting and meditation . It declares Shiva to be higher than Brahma , Vishnu , Rudra and Ishana . The text is also called Atharvashikhopanishad , and is listed at 23 in the Telugu language anthology of 108 Upanishads in Muktika canon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8767fea9028978ec9506bbc561573be1", "text": "Samavasarana In Jainism , Samavasarana or Samosharana `` Refuge to All '' is a term for the divine preaching hall of the Tirthankara . The word samavasarana is derived from two words , sama meaning general and avasara meaning opportunity . A place where all have a common opportunity of acquiring the wisdom . The divine pavilion is built by heavenly beings ( devas ) after the tirthankara attain omniscience ( Kevala Jnana ) . The theme of Samavasaranas has been popular in Jain art .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "750082170af4e607c72dabdfe8097b83", "text": "Angustha purusha The Katha Upanishad ( 1.12-13 ) mentions aa puruṣa ( man , being ) of the size of the thumb ( aṅgúṣṭha ) enshrined in the interiors of the heart ( hridaye guhaayaam `` cave of the heart '' ) of a human being . `` The purusha , who is of the size of a thumb , resides in the body . The purusha who is the size of a thumb is a light ( jyoti ) without smoke . '' Certain other Upanishads describe the purusha to be of a golden ( hiranmaya ) hue and the purursha as a golden being ( hiranmaya purusha ) . The purusha is seated inside the cave of the human heart . As per Hindu religious beliefs , the heart is identified as the abode of divinity within the body . In Gita , Lord Krishna enunciated that he stays within heart of each human being . This `` being '' dwelling inside the heart has been equated with the ` jiva ' or the ` self ' which carries the consciousness and a meta-physical body ( prakriti ) , also termed as the karana sharira . The karana sharira has most transcendental existence and accumulates the experiences of the physical , earthly life . This ` jiva ' is a spark of divinity , and its place in the body is the heart region . ( Heart means not the physical heart But the spiritual heart or the heart chakra . ) As per Sri Aurobindo , the angustha purusha is made up of elements of chaitya ( chetna ) , i.e. the angustha purusha is a being existing at the psychic ( Chetas ) sphere . Sri Aurobindo mentions that behind the ordinary chakra of the human heart region , inside a deep cave nihite guhayam as described by the Upanishads , is the center where a divine spark is present . This thumb-sized purusha is the bird in the twin-bird analogy of the Rigveda and Sankhya ( dvau suparna sayuja sakhaya ) which actually gets involved in the prakriti and suffers and/or enjoys the fruits of its Karma . As per Upanishads , the hiranmaya angustha purusha embodies the karana sharira . This hiranmaya angustha purusha is the vehicle of transmigration of soul among births . The visualizations regarding the size of the ` self ' has been of great significance in the Upansihads . The Brhadaranyaka Upanishad in V. 5.6.1 and the Chandogya Upanishad in V. 3.14.3 maintain the size of the self to be equal to a seed . The Shatapata Brahmana , V. 10.6.3 , mentions that the self : ... in the interior of my heart , is as tiny like a rice or barley or millet seed and golden like a smokeless light ( or flame ) . The angustha purusha is indestructible and resplendent and is contra-distinct from the purusha of the Purusha sukta . The angustha purusha is individualistic jivaatma while the primeval purursha of the purusha sukta is the collective paramatma .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a20b7c16b3ad38b7a0a8c46cf1c60404", "text": "Bhuvaneshvari In Hinduism , Bhuvaneśwari is the fourth of the ten Dasa Mahavidya goddesses and an aspect of Devi or Durga as elements of the physical cosmos , in giving shape to the creation of the World '' . The word Bhuvaneśwari is a compound of the words Bhuvana Iśwari , meaning `` Goddess of the worlds '' where the worlds are the tri-bhuvana or three regions of bhūḥ ( earth ) , bhuvaḥ ( atmosphere ) and svaḥ ( heavens ) . Bhuvaneshwari is known as the sovereign Queen of the Universe . Bhuvaneshwari means the Queen or ruler of the Universe . She is the Divine Mother as the Queen of all the worlds . The entire Universe is her body and all beings are ornaments on her infinite being . She carries all the worlds as a flowering of her own Self-nature . She is thus related to Sundari and to Rajarajeshwari , the supreme Lady of the Universe . She is also known as Adi Shakti or Durga i.e. one of the earliest forms of shakti . She is capable of turning situations according to her wish . It is considered that even the navagrahas and Trimurti can not stop her from doing anything .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6bfcfbee7f30d33ae8dd3b1a9fab9099", "text": "Anuvyavasaya Anuvyavasāya ( Sanskrit : अनुव्यवसाय ) is derived from anu ( ` after ' ) + vyavasāya ( ` contact ' ) -- which means - ` after contact ' or ` self reflective cognition ' or ` cognition of a cognition ' . Abhinavagupta has used this term to designate the re-presentation of what has been presented repeatedly as a dramatic representation . In Yoga psychology , it refers to the function of the mind in its intelligent ( sāttvika ) aspect by which the sensations ( due to the sense-object contact ālochana ) are associated , differentiated , integrated , and assimilated into precepts and concepts ; it refers to the creative faculty of the mind , and also accepted by Dignāga and Dharmakirti of the Yogacara and the Sautrāntika schools of Buddhism respectively . The former held the view that the nature of a reality is absolute consciousness devoid of any subject-object relations that are the constructs of the mind and expressed in language . However , the Nyāya realists did not accept Dignāga 's contention that the cognitive state is self-conscious or self-luminous awareness and its expression in propositional form is a mental construction , because they held that there are two stages of perception -- indeterminate or nirvikalpa perception and the determinate or savikalpa perception , follows the second stage , is when the mind relates it to the second stage . Abhinavagupta subscribes to the Yoga philosophy in explaining the determinate perception as an anuvyavasāya or creative function of the translucent mind predominated by its intelligence stuff ( sattva ) . According to Murari Misra of the Mimamsa School , the primary knowledge whose truth is under consideration is apprehended in its anuvyavasāya or introspective awareness , which secondary knowledge also apprehends the truth of the primary knowledge . Ganesa , in support thereof , states that since a knowledge is specified only by its object ( viseyanirupya ) , the anuvyavasāya apprehending a primary knowledge should also apprehend the primary knowledge as being knowledge of such and such object , which in fact amounts to apprehending it as a true knowledge ; anuvyavasāya gives the datum for analysis , for it considers the ordinary mental perception of the primary knowledge with the extraordinary presentation through past knowledge of the object of the primary knowledge , and as a rule is accompanied by truth . Anukirtana ( re-telling ) is a special type of anuvyavasāya ( re-perception ) . From the point of Advaita Vedanta , re-perception means the cognition of the mental states consisting of pleasure and pain . Anuvyavasāya ( re-perception ) reveals the previous knowledge existing at the stage as well as the self bearing that knowledge as a qualifier . In anuvyavasāya , the mind is conjunctively related to the knowing self in which the vyavasāya inheres ; and , anuvyavasāya , which is subsequent introspective awareness , amounts to the appropriation of the vyavasāya as a conscious ( intentional ) property of the knowing subject . This means , knowing is known in a secondary act of retrospection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "025356f38bad91c0fdab98231cca034a", "text": "Akashic records In theosophy and anthroposophy , the Akashic records are a compendium of all human events , thoughts , words , emotions and intent ever to have occurred , believed by theosophists to be encoded in a non-physical plane of existence known as the etheric plane . There are anecdotal accounts but no scientific evidence for existence of the Akashic records . Akasha is the Sanskrit word for `` aether '' or `` atmosphere '' . Also , in Hindi , Akash means `` sky '' or `` heaven '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "615d532798399a4cb26c0b8251ed49f0", "text": "Mannan language Mannan is a Dravidian language of Kerala and Tamil Nadu that is closely related to Malayalam and Tamil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "542e87ea88d61459d880b86c4181ac10", "text": "Narayan (name) Narayan or Narain or Narayanan is a common Indian given name , and it is some times used in west as a family name of people of Indian origin . It is identical in form to the name of the deity Narayana an important Sanskrit name for Vishnu and in many contemporary vernaculars . The form Narayanan is predominantly used in South India especially among Malayalam and Tamil speakers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cde8370ec0a27b0f13eaa93244eedf3f", "text": "Akasha (disambiguation) Akasha ( also transliterated as Akasa , Akash or Aakash ) is a Sanskrit word referring to the Vedic concept of the aether or space . ( Not to be confused with acacia . ) Akasha , Akasa , Akash or Aakash may also refer to : Cyclone Akash , 2007 tropical storm system in the Indian Ocean Aakash Educational Services Limited , Indian exam coaching service", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad7a2e128e29922949471ca2432cc21e", "text": "Man and his Becoming according to the Vedanta Man and his Becoming according to the Vedanta is a book by René Guénon . The Introduction to the Study of the Hindu doctrines had , among its objectives , the purpose of giving the proper intellectual basis to promote openness to the study of eastern intellectuality . The study of Hindu doctrines is continued in his book Man and his Becoming according to the Vêdantâ by taking the specific viewpoint of the human being 's constitution according to the Vêdantâ : René Guénon states that his goal is not to present a synthetic exposition of all vedic doctrines `` which would be quite an impossible task '' , but to consider `` a particular point of that doctrine '' , in that case the definition of the human being , in order to contemplate afterwards other aspects of metaphysics . The book begins in precising the nature of the Vêdantâ , its profound signification as the `` end of the Vedas '' , and the traditional signification of Shruti and Smriti scriptures : the distinction between shruti and smriti is , fundamentally , equivalent to that between immediate intellectual intuition and reflective consciousness ; if the first is described by a word bearing the primitive meaning of ` hearing ' , this is precisely in order to indicate its intuitive character , and because according to the Hindu cosmological doctrine , sound holds the primordial rank among sensible qualities . The fundamental texts called Mimânsa ( Pûrva-Mimânsa , Uttara-Mimânsa ) , the Upanishads , the Brahmâ-Sûtras , along with Hindu cosmological texts are listed , and the notion of `` intellectual function '' associated to their origin is proposed , as opposed to the profane notion of `` author '' . The general considerations of the `` Self '' , the `` Unmanifested '' and the universal `` Manifestation '' are then introduced : the `` universal Manifestation '' is all that exists and its development is constantly being in progress , towards destiny . The `` Unmanifested '' is all that is beyond universal Manifestation , so that it can only be designated by negation . The second chapter also establishes the fundamental distinctions between the `` Self '' and the ego , or `` personality '' and `` individuality '' , the first being the only One that is `` absolutely real '' . These ideas are declined in different denominations depending , for a first part , on the different degrees of reality considered , and also from the `` transcendent '' and `` immanent '' point of views that can be contemplated : Ishwara is the `` Divine personality '' or the Principle of universal Manifestation . It is unmanifested , for the Principle of Manifestation can not be Itself manifested ( this is in relation to the symbolism of `` black heads '' : Ishwara has Its head in `` darkness '' ) . Atmâ , Paramâtmâ , Brahmâ : the realization that the Self , `` in relation to any being whatsoever , is in reality identical to Atmâ '' , constitutes the heart of the Hindu doctrine of `` delivrance '' or `` moksha '' , and that doctrine is absolutely identical to what Islamic esoterism calls the `` Supreme Identity '' ( that is to say , expressed in Hindu terms , the identity of Atmâ and Brahmâ ) : `` the ` Supreme Identity ' , according to an expression borrowed from Islamic esoterism , where the doctrine on this and on many other points is fundamentally the same as in the Hindu tradition , in spite of great differences in form . '' If the `` Supreme Identity '' ( or `` moksha '' or `` delivrance '' ) , is made possible , through realization , it is because at the very heart of the human being ( not to be confused with the heart organ of the corporeal envelope ) is found what is called Brahmâ 's journey , or Brahmâ-pura . From there , all different degrees of individual manifestation can be described and named , and in particular the tanmatras , the mind or manas in its role of coordinator of internal and external faculties , the five vayus , the different prânas , and the distinctions between the waking state , the dream state , and the deep sleep state . The book ends with a description of the reabsorption of the individual faculties , either in the posthumous conditions , or in the spiritual process of realization , up to the `` final delivrance '' or `` Supreme Identity '' , which is the ultimate goal of any true spiritual path . Category :1925 books Category : Books by René Guénon", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66ae30251fff7be0945970c28ac6198a", "text": "Pakad In Hindustani music , a pakad is a generally accepted musical phrase ( or set of phrases ) thought to encapsulate the essence of a particular raga . The pakad contains the melodic theme of the raga , on listening to the pakad a person who knows the raga is usually able to identify it . In many cases , the ragas contain the same swaras ( notes ) , then the pakad also contains information about gayaki or chalan ( the way the notes are to be ordered and played/sung ) . Usually , the pakad is formed from short convolutions of the arohana and avarohana , while in some cases it is quite different from them . The pakad for a particular raga need not be unique , its sole purpose is to clarify what raga it is . For example , here is a pakad for raga Yaman , a prominent raga from Hindustani Music : Ni * Re Ga Ma # Pa , Ma # Ga Re Sa .", "title": "" } ]
fever
9509f012b241e254cc0bd22a893d1096
Rio de Janeiro is in hell.
[ { "docid": "f601efe36b2e84d77c6df111cbc9f297", "text": "Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( -LSB- ˈriːoʊ_di_ʒəˈnɛəroʊ , _ - deɪ_ʒə - , _ - də_dʒə - -RSB- -LSB- ˈʁi.u d ( ʒi ) ʒɐˈnejɾu -RSB- ; River of January ) , or simply Rio , is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas . The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area , the second-most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and sixth-most populous in the Americas . Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 's third-most populous state . Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site , named `` Rio de Janeiro : Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea '' , by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape . Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese , the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro , a domain of the Portuguese Empire . Later , in 1763 , it became the capital of the State of Brazil , a state of the Portuguese Empire . In 1808 , when the Portuguese Royal Court transferred itself from Portugal to Brazil , Rio de Janeiro became the chosen seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal , who subsequently , in 1815 , under the leadership of her son , the Prince Regent , and future King João VI of Portugal , raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom , within the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil , and Algarves . Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822 , when the War of Brazilian Independence began . This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies . Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy , the Empire of Brazil , until 1889 , and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília . Rio de Janeiro has the second largest municipal GDP in the country , and 30th largest in the world in 2008 , estimated at about R$ 343 billion ( IBGE , 2008 ) ( nearly US$ 201 billion ) . It is headquarters to Brazilian oil , mining , and telecommunications companies , including two of the country 's major corporations -- Petrobras and Vale -- and Latin America 's largest telemedia conglomerate , Grupo Globo . The home of many universities and institutes , it is the second-largest center of research and development in Brazil , accounting for 17 % of national scientific output according to 2005 data . Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known for its natural settings , Carnival , samba , bossa nova , and balneario beaches such as Barra da Tijuca , Copacabana , Ipanema , and Leblon . In addition to the beaches , some of the most famous landmarks include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado mountain , named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World ; Sugarloaf Mountain with its cable car ; the Sambódromo ( Sambadrome ) , a permanent grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used during Carnival ; and Maracanã Stadium , one of the world 's largest football stadiums . Rio de Janeiro was the host of the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Paralympics , making the city the first South American and Portuguese-speaking city to host the events , and the third time the Olympics were held in a Southern Hemisphere city . The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , and the XV Pan American Games . The city is divided into 33 administrative regions .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "fd8a5347ce107ef249e12500e7c30eb4", "text": "Mundaú Lagoon Mundaú Lagoon is an estuarine lagoon situated west of Maceió , capital city of Alagoas state , in Brazil . Its total area is 23 km ² . The lake receives the Mundaú River , and is connected to the Atlantic Ocean and Manguaba Lagoon by a network of canals which cross the plain forming a lot of little islands . The large mangrove and the numerous kind of fish , crabs , shrimps and shellfish are its remarkable characteristics . Mundaú Lagoon is the northernmost of several coastal lakes with the same features , including Manguaba , Roteiro and Jequiá lagoons . Besides Maceió , two other municipalities are located on its edge , the little towns of Santa Luzia do Norte and Coqueiro Seco . Despite its astonishing natural beauty , the Mundaú Lagoon suffers with pollution problems , mainly due to urban sewage dispensing along its shore close to downtown Maceió . This compromises the communities who makes a living from the fishing on the lagoon . Unfortunately , this is not the only pollution problem surrounding Maceió . The Riacho Salgadinho is also the destination for most of the sewage system in Maceió downtown . In the past years , several politicians have made promises of putting sewage treatment stations to alleviate the problems caused by the pollution during the rainy season , but virtually no progress has been made . Category : Landforms of Alagoas Category : Estuaries of Brazil Category : Lagoons of Brazil", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bdc2422283dbee1efca9cd34c314fcb", "text": "São Luís, Maranhão São Luís ( -LSB- sɐ̃w luˈis -RSB- , Saint Louis ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The city is located on Ilha de São Luís ( Saint Louis ' Island ) in the Baía de São Marcos ( Saint Mark 's Bay ) , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré , Mearim , Itapecuru and other rivers . Its coordinates are 2.53 ° south , 44.30 ° west . The city proper has a population of some 986,826 people ( 2008 IBGE estimate ) . The metropolitan area totals 1,227,659 , ranked as the 16th largest in Brazil . São Luís , created originally as Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan , is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France ( see France Équinoxiale ) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands ( the others are Vitória and Florianópolis ) . The city has two major sea ports : Madeira Port and Itaqui Port , through which a substantial part of Brazil 's iron ore , originating from the ( pre ) - Amazon region , is exported . The city 's main industries are metallurgical with Alumar , and VALE . São Luís is home of the Federal University of Maranhão . São Luís was the home town of famous Brazilian samba singer Alcione , Brazilian writers Aluísio Azevedo , Ferreira Gullar and Josué Montello , Belgian-naturalised soccer player Luís Oliveira , and the musician João do Vale and Zeca Baleiro , a Música popular brasileira ( MPB ) singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ceb9aac793985c843f5d830ac1bfacf2", "text": "Guanabara (state) The State of Guanabara ( Estado da Guanabara , -LSB- ɡwanaˈbaɾa -RSB- ) was a Brazilian city-state that existed from 1960 to 1975 . It comprised only the city of Rio de Janeiro after the Federal District was moved from that city to Brasília in 1960 . The state was named after Guanabara Bay , along its eastern coast . In 1834 , the city of Rio de Janeiro was elevated to Imperial capital of the Empire of Brazil , but it was not part of any Brazilian province , having special status as the so-called `` Neutral municipality '' ( Município Neutro ) . The surrounding Province of Rio de Janeiro ( which did not include the city ) had its capital city in Niterói . When Brazil became a republic in 1889 , the city of Rio de Janeiro remained the national capital and became the Federal District ( Distrito Federal ) , while the surrounding homonymous province became a state , still with Niterói as its capital . When the national capital was moved to Brasília in 1960 , a new Federal District was carved out of the state of Goiás to contain it , and the old Federal District became Guanabara State . Throughout its 15-year existence , Guanabara was a unique state in many ways . Comprising only one city ( albeit a large one ) , Guanabara was the smallest Brazilian state by land . It also had the peculiarity of being the only Brazilian state that was not divided into municipalities . Although for some practical purposes , it was sometimes counted as having one single municipality , and Rio de Janeiro was officially named its capital , there was no mayor , municipal legislature or any other municipal government institution there , as the city of Rio de Janeiro was directly administered by the state government . On the other hand , that also meant that the Guanabara state government had some functions that were normally assigned to municipalities elsewhere , such as regulating urban zoning , inspecting the safety of buildings , or issuing licenses for commercial venues , for example . All the characteristics disappeared in 1975 , when the states of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro merged into a new , larger State of Rio de Janeiro . The city of Rio de Janeiro became a municipality of the new combined state and its new capital city .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82df5c79e0340e21a1d3c25fb9d081a9", "text": "Rio de Janeiro Metro The Rio de Janeiro Metro ( Portuguese : MetrôRio -LSB- meˌtɾo ˈʁi.u -RSB- , commonly referred to as just the Metrô -LSB- Meˈtɾo -RSB- ) is a mass-transit underground railway network that serves the city of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . The Metrô was inaugurated on March 5 , 1979 and consisted of five stations operating on a single line . The system currently covers a total of 58 km , serving 41 stations , divided into three lines : Line 1 ( 16 km ) ; Line 2 ( 30.2 km ) , which together travel over a shared stretch of line that covers 10 stations of an approximate distance of 5 kilometers ; and Line 4 ( 16 km ) . Metrô Rio has the second highest passenger volume of the metro systems in Brazil , after the São Paulo Metro . Line 1 ( orange line ) serves downtown Rio , tourist areas in the South Zone , and several neighbourhoods in the North Zone . It is a semicircular line , and is fully underground . It runs from Uruguai Station to Ipanema/General Osório Station . Line 2 ( green line ) serves working-class residential neighborhoods extending toward the north . It is a northwest-to-southeast line , and almost completely above-ground ( mostly at grade and partly elevated ) . This line started as a light rail , but due to increasing numbers of commuters , it gradually changed to rapid transit or metro . Because of its origin as light rail , it is at grade except for Estácio Station ( the former connection station between lines 1 and 2 ) , which is underground and Cidade Nova Station , which is elevated , and Line 4 ( yellow line ) , connecting Barra da Tijuca/Jardim Oceânico Station in the West Zone to Ipanema/General Osório Station on Line 1 . The Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro remains responsible for the expansion of the metro network through Rio Trilhos . In late December 2007 , the lease was renewed until 2038 and Metrô Rio assumed responsibility for the construction of Cidade Nova Station , which serves as a link between Line 2 and Line 1 ending the need to transfer stations , with the purchase of 114 cars , and construction of Uruguai Station , extending Line 1 further north . The extension works of Line 2 , called Line 1A , which ended the need for a transfer at Estácio Station and allowed the direct connection from Pavuna Station to Botafogo were started by Metrô Rio on November 13 , 2008 and the tracks were completed in December 2009 . With the extension , the 250 thousand passengers that circulate daily on Line 2 do not need to change trains any more in order to get to the South Zone . The interconnection of the two metro lines will reduce , by up to 13 minutes , the journey time from Pavuna station to the city 's downtown , the destination of 83 % of Line 2 's passengers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b19996e28c951678d783359c7ec9b74", "text": "Río Negro (Central America) Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- ) is a river that divides the countries of Honduras and Nicaragua along the Pacific coast . Its path was substantially altered by Hurricane Mitch in October 1998 . It mostly runs through a very undeveloped jungle region of the 2 countries . Category : Rivers of Honduras Category : Rivers of Nicaragua", "title": "" }, { "docid": "009f248d1ee367e4699c1913866ebf45", "text": "Caio Fernando Abreu Caio Fernando Loureiro de Abreu ( September 12 , 1948 -- February 25 , 1996 ) , best known as Caio Fernando Abreu is one of the most influential and original Brazilian writers of the 1970s and 1980s . Caio F. , as he habitually signed his letters , was born in Santiago do Boqueirão in the state of Rio Grande do Sul in 1948 , and died in Porto Alegre in 1996 . Abreu studied at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul but abandoned academia before graduating to write for pop culture magazines such as Revista Nova , Revista Manchete , Revista Veja and Revista Pop . He was a prolific journalist and literary writer . He wrote short stories , novels , chronicles or crônicas , drama , and he also maintained throughout his life an extensive correspondence with other writers and artists , family and friends . In 1968 Abreu was put on the wanted list by the DOPS or the Departamento de Ordem Política e Social , a repressive branch of the Brazilian government that operated during years when the repressive military regime was in power , but found refuge at the country estate of Brazilian writer Hilda Hilst , located near the city of Campinas , in state of São Paulo . During the early '70s he spent one year in self-exile in Europe , spending time in England , Sweden , France , the Netherlands and in Spain . In 1983 he relocated from his native Porto Alegre , the capital of Rio Grande do Sul , to the city of Rio de Janeiro ; and in 1985 he moved to the city of São Paulo . Abreu then return again to France in 1994 where he found out that he was HIV positive . That same year he returned home to Porto Alegre permanently to live with his parents . He enjoyed gardening before dying there two years later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57a3aec9dd5180386a503ca95db0180d", "text": "Naraka (Buddhism) Naraka ( नरक निरय Niraya ) is a term in Buddhist cosmology usually referred to in English as `` hell '' ( or `` hell realm '' ) or `` purgatory '' . The Narakas of Buddhism are closely related to diyu , the hell in Chinese mythology . A Naraka differs from the hell of Christianity in two respects : firstly , beings are not sent to Naraka as the result of a divine judgment or punishment ; and secondly , the length of a being 's stay in a Naraka is not eternal , though it is usually extremely long , as measured in many millions or billions of years . A being is born into a Naraka as a direct result of his or her accumulated actions ( karma ) and resides there for a finite period of time until that karma has achieved its full result . After his or her karma is used up , he or she will be reborn in one of the higher worlds as the result of karma that had not yet ripened . In the Devaduta Sutta , the 130th discourse of Majjhima Nikaya , the Buddha teaches about hell in vivid detail . Physically , Narakas are thought of as a series of cavernous layers which extend below Jambudvīpa ( the ordinary human world ) into the earth . There are several schemes for enumerating these Narakas and describing their torments . The Abhidharma-kosa ( Treasure House of Higher Knowledge ) is the root text that describes the most common scheme , as the Eight Cold Narakas and Eight Hot Narakas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aa340efd70c464bfea0f975e38dff7c", "text": "João Pessoa, Paraíba João Pessoa ( -LSB- ʒʊˈɐ̃w peˈsoɐ -RSB- ) is the capital of the state of Paraíba in Brazil . It was founded in 1585 and it is also known as the city where the sun rises first , because it is the easternmost city in the Americas at 34 ° 47 ′ 38 ″ W , 7 ° 9 ′ 28 ″ S. Its easternmost point is known as Ponta do Seixas . The city is considered `` the second greenest in the world '' , with more than 7 km2 of forested land , second only to Paris , France . It is the state 's largest city , with an estimated population of 801,718 of inhabitants . Its metropolitan area comprises eight other satellite cities ( Bayeux , Cabedelo , Conde , Lucena , Santa Rita , and others ) , totalling 1,223,000 of inhabitants . The new `` Estação Ciência , Cultura e Artes '' ( Science , Culture and Art Station ) , located at the most eastern point of the Americas ( Ponta das Seixas ) , is both an educational and cultural institution as well as a national landmark . The complex , inaugurated in 2008 , was created by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer and is one of his last projects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bb341f333d22a9b6f5358c49c929648", "text": "Mangaratiba Mangaratiba ( -LSB- mɐ̃ˈɡaɾaˈtʃibɐ -RSB- ) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro . Its population is 29,272 ( 2005 ) and its area is 352 km ² . Part of the Sylvester Stallone film The Expendables was shot in the central part of the city . The pier that is exploded in the film is the pier that the main ferry to Ilha Grande uses as its base of operation . Many large bulk carriers enter the port of Mangaratiba , fetching heavy loads of iron ore bound for especially European ports . As such , the port of Mangaratiba is one of the largest in Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39d35658fcd26838429fc65bf9f23a9e", "text": "2016 São Paulo flood and mudslide Intense flooding and mudslides struck São Paulo ( city ) and São Paulo ( state ) , Brazil , following heavy rain and killed at least 21 . The downpour in São Paulo and the surrounding areas set new records for rainfall levels for the month of March and left cities covered in up to a meter of slowly draining mud and flood water . The rain occurred after months of drought .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "97d87042dcbafd910a1cdbf7ebb00362", "text": "Porto Velho Porto Velho ( -LSB- ˈpoʁtu ˈvɛʎu -RSB- , Old Port ) is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia , in the upper Amazon River basin , and a Catholic Metropolitan Archbishopric . The population is 426,558 people ( as of the IBGE 2010 census ) . Located on the border of Rondônia and the state of Amazonas , the town is an important trading center for cassiterite , the mining of which represents the most important economic activity in the region , as well as a transportation and communication center . It is on the eastern shore of the Madeira River , one of the main tributaries of the Amazon River . It is also Rondônia 's largest city , and the largest state capital of Brazil by area . The municipality occupies most of the border between Amazonas and Rondônia , and is both the westernmost and northernmost city in the state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53", "text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e31c4193f6f757fee7feb93167b3783", "text": "Indaiatuba Indaiatuba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas . The population is 235,367 ( 2016 est. ) in an area of 311.55 km ² . The elevation is 624 m . The city 's name derives from the Tupi language . It is an important city in one of Brazil 's main industrial regions . Based on the latest IFDM social index data , Indaiatuba ranks number one of the `` Top 100 best cities to live in , in Brazil '' . The Federation of Industries of Rio de Janeiro , surveyed data and compared information on education , health , income and employment ( wage and average generation of formal jobs ) of all municipalities in the country and , with this data they created the Firjan Development Index Municipal ( IFDM ) , so it was possible to create the rank of the top 100 cities to live in Brazil . Data was collected from the Ministries of Education , Health and Labour for all municipalities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17e1bd22271c62f433a8d68f8c302636", "text": "Maracanã River (Rio de Janeiro) The Maracanã River of Rio de Janeiro ( Brazilian Portuguese : -LSB- mɐɾakɐˈnɐ̃ -RSB- ) , which means green bird in Tupi -- Guarani , is a river located in Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94016f9c607ac2772937fedc7260d5f5", "text": "Itatiba Itatiba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil , approximately 80 km from the State Capital . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas . The population is 113,284 ( 2015 est. ) in an area of 322.28 km ² . The average elevation is 750 m . The place 's name comes from the Tupi Guarani language , and means `` Many Rocks '' . The city is known as the `` Princess of the Hill '' due to its rugged terrain . According to the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro , Itatiba is the third city with the highest quality of life in Brazil , presenting a FIRJAN Municipal Development Index of 0.9276 . It is considered to be the town with the 3rd highest levels of oxygen in the air in the whole world . It used to be the furniture capital of Brazil . Itatiba also has the biggest thematic zoo in Latin America , the `` Zooparque '' . The city is also base of the famous country club and golf course Quinta da Baroneza .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20b4512aea3e28035c0326ec77a59951", "text": "Río Negro, Chile Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- , English : Black River ) is a Chilean city and commune in Osorno Province , Los Lagos Region . The city is located 38 km south of Osorno and 6 km west of Route 5 . It has an area of 1,266 km ² and a population of 14,732 inhabitants ( 7,204 women and 7,528 men according to census 2002 ) . The commune is bordered on the north by Osorno and San Juan de la Costa , on the east by Puerto Octay , on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and on the south by Purranque .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cef29a367e9fe5e5a7cc8be0328e4ad8", "text": "Rubber soldiers Rubber soldiers ( Portuguese : Soldados da borracha ) were people in Brazil which were compulsorily drafted to harvest rubber in the Amazon rainforest during World War II . The `` rubber soldiers '' program was a consequence of the Brazil-United States Political-Military Agreement during the war , after the United States were cut off by Japan from its major supply of rubber in Malaysia . About 55,000 persons were mostly transferred from drought-stricken northeast areas and contributed to the second rubber boom in Brazil . They were enlisted into the Serviço Especial de Mobilização de Trabalhadores para a Amazônia ( SEMTA ; `` Special Service of Mobilization of Workers for the Amazon '' ) , with support of several other governmental organizations . Each migrant signed a contract with SEMTA which offered a small salary for the worker during their transport to the Amazon region . Upon arrival , they received a payment of 60 % of the total profit which had been obtained with the rubber . The basic kit they received included basic clothing , eating equipment , a net , and a carton of Colomy cigarettes . After being recruited , the volunteers were placed in specially-built housing , under strict military watch , and then sent into the Amazon , on trips which could last two to three months . For many workers , it was a one-way journey . About 30,000 rubber workers died abandoned in the Amazon , after having exhausted their energies extracting the `` white gold . '' They died of malaria , yellow fever , and hepatitis , and were attacked by animals such as panthers , serpents , and scorpions . The Brazilian government also did not fulfill its promise to return the `` rubber soldiers '' to their homes at the end of the war as heroes and with housing comparable to that of the military .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "75fd0197be3b9402635d2dbe703bacb9", "text": "Funk ostentação Funk ostentação ( from Portuguese : Ostentation , or `` swag '' , funk ) is a Brazilian music style created in São Paulo in 2008 . The central theme addressed in the songs is conspicuous consumption , and many funk ostentação artists sing about cars , motorcycles , drink , women , and ambitions to leave the favela and achieve life goals . While the dominant lyrical themes of the Rio de Janeiro scene at the time were criminality and lack of social justice , the first funk ostentação song , `` Bonde da Juju '' , recorded by MCs Backdi and Bio G3 in September 2008 , established the new genre 's opposing theme of ostentation . Several funk ostentação festivals were subsequently held in the state of São Paulo , and the movement began to grow . Its national debut came with the launch of the video for `` Megane '' by MC Boy do Charmes in mid-2011 . As it became clear that funk ostentação would be best represented in audiovisual format , the cinematographer KondZilla became the first to produce videos , which were received enthusiastically by fans . Of the ten most watched music videos in Brazil in both 2012 and 2013 , three were funk ostentação . It was established as one of the most popular genres in Brazil with the tragic death of Daniel Pellegrine a.k.a MC Daleste , who was shot on stage in Campinas in July 2013 . He had been one of the principal proponents of the genre at the time of his death , and its extensive media coverage included widely televised tributes by other funk artists . Funk ostentação became strongly associated with the emerging nova classe média ( new middle class ) in Brazil , whose financial status was improving along with that of principal funk ostentação artists like MC Guimê , MC Lon , MC Gui e MC Pocahontas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9398cd053248cc53b35ba53490d6054b", "text": "Santo Cristo, Rio de Janeiro Santo Cristo is a neighborhood in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641", "text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .", "title": "" } ]
fever
dd7282643e35ff1762e24cbb945f4d22
Burundi was ruled by another country.
[ { "docid": "9a703fed032a4186867306b864217aec", "text": "Burundi Burundi ( -LSB- bəˈrʊndi -RSB- or -LSB- bəˈrʌndi -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Burundi ( Republika y' Uburundi , -LSB- buˈɾundi -RSB- République du Burundi , -LSB- buʁundi -RSB- or -LSB- byʁyndi -RSB- ) , is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa , bordered by Rwanda to the north , Tanzania to the east and south , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west . It is also considered part of Central Africa . Burundi 's capital is Bujumbura . The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika . The Twa , Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years . For more than 200 of those years , Burundi was an independent kingdom , until the beginning of the 20th century , when Germany colonised the region . After the First World War and Germany 's defeat , it ceded the territory to Belgium . Both Germans and Belgians ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi . Despite common misconceptions , Burundi and Rwanda had never been under common rule until the time of European colonisation . Burundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy , but a series of assassinations , coups and a general climate of regional instability culminated in the establishment of a republic and one-party state in 1966 . Bouts of ethnic cleansing and ultimately two civil wars and genocides during the 1970s and again in the 1990s left the country undeveloped and its population as one of the world 's poorest . 2015 witnessed large-scale political strife as President Pierre Nkurunziza opted to run for a third term in office , a coup attempt failed and the country 's parliamentary and presidential elections were broadly criticised by members of the international community . Burundi 's political system is that of a presidential representative democratic republic based upon a multi-party state . The President of Burundi is the head of state and head of government . There are currently 21 registered parties in Burundi . On 13 March 1992 , Tutsi coup leader Pierre Buyoya established a constitution , which provided for a multi-party political process and reflected multi-party competition . Six years later , on 6 June 1998 , the constitution was changed , broadening National Assembly 's seats and making provisions for two vice-presidents . Because of the Arusha Accord , Burundi enacted a transitional government in 2000 . In October 2016 , Burundi informed the UN of its intention to withdraw from the International Criminal Court . Burundi remains an overwhelmingly rural society , with just 13 % of the population living in urban areas in 2013 . The population density of around 315 people per square kilometre ( 753 per sq mi ) is the second highest in Sub-Saharan Africa . Roughly 85 % of the population are of Hutu ethnic origin , 15 % are Tutsi , and fewer than 1 % are indigenous Twa ( or Pygmies ) . The official languages of Burundi are French and Kirundi , although Swahili can be found spoken along the Tanzanian border . One of the smallest countries in Africa , Burundi has an equatorial climate . Burundi is a part of the Albertine Rift , the western extension of the East African Rift . The country lies on a rolling plateau in the centre of Africa . The highest peak , Mount Heha at 8810 ft , lies to the southeast of the capital , Bujumbura . The source of the River Nile is in Bururi province , and is linked from Lake Victoria to its headwaters via the Ruvyironza River Another major lake is Lake Tanganyika , located in much of Burundi 's southwestern corner . There are two national parks , Kibira National Park to the northwest ( a small region of rain forest , adjacent to Nyungwe Forest National Park in Rwanda ) , Ruvubu National Park to the northeast ( along the Rurubu River , also known as Ruvubu or Ruvuvu ) . Both were established in 1982 to conserve wildlife populations . Burundi 's lands are mostly agricultural or pasture . Settlement by rural populations has led to deforestation , soil erosion and habitat loss . Deforestation of the entire country is almost completely due to overpopulation , with a mere 230 mi2 remaining and an ongoing loss of about 9 % per annum . In addition to poverty , Burundians often have to deal with corruption , weak infrastructure , poor access to health and education services , and hunger . Burundi is densely populated and has had substantial emigration as young people seek opportunities elsewhere . The World Happiness Report 2017 ranked Burundi as the world 's second least happy nation with a rank of 154 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "197e643daca12b7cc066769a84540dca", "text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1040 United Nations Security Council resolution 1040 , adopted unanimously on 29 January 1996 , after considering letters by the Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali and statements by the President of the Security Council , the Council addressed the civil war in Burundi and efforts for political dialogue . The Security Council was concerned that the situation in Burundi had deteriorated and threatened stability in the region . Violence had increased , particularly against refugees and international humanitarian aid workers , and the importance of continued assistance to refugees was stressed . The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees had recently visited the country and there were security plans being drawn up . The resolution demanded that all parties in Burundi refrain from violence and the use of force , and to pursue dialogue . Member States and others concerned were urged to cooperate with the dismantling of radio stations inciting hatred and violence . Further measures would be considered , in consultation with the Organisation of African Unity and other countries . The Secretary-General had sent a technical mission to Burundi to examine ways to protect United Nations personnel and aid agencies and was asked by 20 February 1996 to report on that mission , the overall situation and progress of the dialogue . On the basis of the report , the Council would consider further measures , including an arms embargo and travel restrictions against leaders in Burundi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ae1204b3b47beb009f911e07b040e402", "text": "Council of Ministers (Burundi) In 2007 the Government of Burundi consisted of a 20-member Council of Ministers appointed by the President . The Council of Ministers , together with the President and Vice-Presidents , forms the executive branch of government in the country . The constitution , which enshrines ethnically-based power-sharing , requires that 60 % of ministers come from the ethnic Hutu majority while the remaining 40 % come from the ethnic Tutsi minority . At least 30 % of government ministers must be women . Members of President Pierre Nkurunziza 's government were announced on 14 November 2007 . The government consisted of 12 men ( 8 Hutus and 4 Tutsis ) and 8 women ( 6 Hutus and 2 Tutsis ) . The ethnic composition was 14 Hutus and 6 Tutsis . A new government was announced on August 29 , 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "841c89e7f52b9a5853e1b671006f5cfa", "text": "Republic of the Congo (Léopoldville) The Republic of the Congo ( République du Congo ) was a sovereign state in Central Africa that was created with the independence of the Belgian Congo in 1960 . From 1960-1966 , the country was often known as Congo-Léopoldville ( after its capital ) in order to distinguish it from its north-western neighbour , also called the Republic of the Congo or Congo-Brazzaville . With the renaming of Léopoldville as Kinshasa on 1 June 1966 , it was known as Congo-Kinshasa until 1971 . On 1 August 1964 , the state 's official name was changed to Democratic Republic of the Congo . In 1971 , the state 's name changed to Zaire . The period between 1960 and 1965 is referred to as the First Congolese Republic , and the current Democratic Republic of the Congo is the Third Republic . Unrest and rebellion continued to plague the government until 1965 , when Lieutenant General Joseph Désiré Mobutu , now commander-in-chief of the national army , seized control of the country . Mobutu changed the country 's name to Zaire in 1971 and remained its president until 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66a1c95b2a0a27efab92ae1e0645370e", "text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1053 United Nations Security Council resolution 1053 , adopted unanimously on 23 April 1996 , after recalling all previous resolutions on Rwanda , particularly resolutions 918 ( 1994 ) , 997 ( 1995 ) , 1011 ( 1995 ) and 1013 ( 1995 ) , the Council reviewed the findings of the Commission of Inquiry concerning violations of the arms embargo against former Rwandan government forces . Despite the arms embargo , a number of violations were still reported with arms and materiel being sold to former Rwandan government forces . An inquiry had concluded its investigation , but it was noted that some countries had not fully co-operated with the investigation . The committee had concluded that Rwandan elements had received military training for the purposes of conducting destabilising raids into Rwanda , and there was strong evidence that arms deliveries had taken place . In one instance , there was a sale of weapons from the Seychelles in June 1994 and two subsequent shipments to Goma in the Democratic Republic of the Congo destined for Rwandan government forces . Aircraft were still continuing to land at Goma and Bukavu with arms for former Rwandan government forces and senior figures in those forces were raising funds for an armed struggle against Rwanda . These and continuing allegations had not been thoroughly investigated . Finally , radio broadcasts which spread hate and fear in the region needed to be terminated . The ban on arms supplies to Rwandan government forces had not been effectively implemented . The countries in the Great Lakes region were asked to ensure that their territory was not used as a base for incursions or providing weapons into Rwanda . The Secretary-General Boutros Boutros-Ghali was asked to consult with the neighboring countries of Rwanda and Zaire in particular , on measures which could include the stationing of United Nations observers at airports and at border crossings . Countries whose citizens were accused of involvement were prompted to conduct further investigations and make all information available to the committee . Finally , the Secretary-General was requested by 1 October 1996 to report on the implementation of the current resolution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd6dec529ade605ff46c5a06ee098eae", "text": "Postage stamps and postal history of Uganda This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Uganda . Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered on the east by Kenya , on the north by South Sudan , on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , on the southwest by Rwanda , and on the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , which is also bordered by Kenya and Tanzania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42c984d534cc840ae24500e9028ecc56", "text": "Uganda–Tanzania War The Uganda -- Tanzania war ( usually referred to in Uganda as the Liberation War ) was fought between Uganda and Tanzania in 1978 -- 1979 , and led to the overthrow of Idi Amin 's regime . Idi Amin 's forces included thousands of troops sent by Libya , and some Palestinian support .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a904577cbb8a5b1950cc67204063f60", "text": "Outline of Burundi thumb | The location of Burundi thumb | An enlargeable map of the Republic of Burundi The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Burundi : The Republic of Burundi is a small sovereign country located in the Great Lakes region of Africa . Geographically isolated , facing population pressures and having sparse resources , Burundi has the lowest GDP per capita in the world , arguably making it the poorest country on the planet . One scientific study of 178 nations rated Burundi 's population as having the lowest satisfaction with life of all .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "449cca9e0dba65447a8f90f76986052f", "text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1375 United Nations Security Council resolution 1375 , adopted unanimously on 29 October 2001 , after reaffirming all resolutions and statements by the President of the Security Council on the civil war in Burundi , endorsed efforts by South Africa and other states to implement the Arusha Agreement and supported the establishment of an interim multinational security presence in Burundi . The Security Council reaffirmed that the Arusha Peace and Reconciliation Agreement remained as a basis for a settlement of the conflict in Burundi and welcomed mediation efforts by the former South African President Nelson Mandela and the United Nations . There was concern at the ongoing violence in the country and its consequences on the situation in Burundi and regional instability . The resolution , initiated by Jamaica and Mauritius , supported the future installation of a transitional government on 1 November 2001 . Armed groups , including the Forces pour la Défense de la Démocratie ( FDD ) and Forces Nationales de Libération ( FNL ) were urged to end hostilities and attacks against the civilian population and enter into negotiations as part of the peace process . The Council supported the establishment of a temporary multinational security presence in the country to protect returning political leaders and train a Burundian protection force , asking the Burundian government to keep the Council informed in this regard . The peacekeeping mission would be the first time South Africa had participated in such an operation . It expressed willingness to consider further contributions to the peace process and urged the international community to provide assistance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4724c941e04134d18ca1b6892b6059d3", "text": "Gervais Rufyikiri Gervais Rufyikiri ( born 12 April 1965 ) is a Burundian politician who was Second Vice President of Burundi from 2010 to 2015 . Born in Gitega Province , Rufyikiri holds a doctorate ( PhD ) in Biological , Agricultural and Environmental Engineering Sciences from the Belgian university Université Catholique de Louvain . An ethnic Hutu , he is a member of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy-Forces for the Defense of Democracy ( CNDD-FDD ) , became President of Senate of Burundi on 17 August 2005 . He became Second Vice-President in 2010 . As a member of President Pierre Nkurunziza 's ruling party , the CNDD-FDD , Rufyikiri expressed his opposition to Nkurunziza 's controversial bid for a third term in 2015 . As a result , he was effectively marginalized , although he initially remained in his post as Second Vice-President . On 25 June 2015 , Rufyikiri left the country and went into exile in Belgium , declaring that Nkurunziza 's candidacy was unconstitutional and that , by running , Nkurunziza was putting his own interests ahead of the nation 's interests . He said that Nkurunziza was `` deaf '' to ignore all the voices calling on him not to run . The government welcomed Rufyikiri 's departure and alleged that he was involved in the failed May 2015 coup attempt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b1987aa9d517b2df4ed5cc16896b19b", "text": "Law enforcement in Burundi The principle law enforcement agency in Burundi is the National Police of Burundi ( Police Nationale du Burundi , PNB ) . The police falls within the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Community Development and Regional Administration . The PNB was founded in 2004 , following the end of the Burundian Civil War and the Arusha Accords . Its stated objectives are the maintenance of public order , the protection of the population , and the fight against organised crime . Burundi has been a member of INTERPOL since 1970 . Burundian police have been deployed abroad as part of United Nations ( UN ) operations in Africa . The PNB is divided into missions , dealing with separate areas as well as five regional commissariats . The different services include : Internal Security Police ( Police de sécurité intérieure ) Judicial Police ( Police judiciaire ) Air Police ( Police de l'Air ) Border and Aliens Police ( Police des frontières et des étrangers ) Prison Police ( Police pénitentiaire ) According to Transparency International , in 2014 over 80 percent of Burundians believed that there was corruption within the police service . The Burundian government has tried to resolve the corruption problem with the aid of foreign assistance from countries including the Netherlands . Although little effective citizen oversight exists , there is theoretically a police ombudsman and attorney general , both tasked with dealing with complaints against police . During the popular unrest in Burundi since 2015 , the police have frequently been used to suppress anti-government protests . Police violence against protestors , both in the form of beatings and shootings , was particularly criticised by Human Rights Watch . As a response , in 2016 , the UN decided to repatriate 280 Burundian police from the MINUSCA mission in the Central African Republic because of the police had been accused of brutality in Burundi before their departure . Burundi also refused an offer by the UN Security Council to deploy 288 UN police officers to Burundi in August 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e82c39af6d081de93789c01c9fea4de", "text": "Burundian presidential election, 2005 Indirect presidential elections were held in Burundi on 19 August 2005 . Members of the National Assembly and Senate chose the new president of the republic for a five-year term . The sole candidate , Pierre Nkurunziza of the CNDD -- FDD , was elected by a vote of 151 -- 9 . Nkurunziza was sworn in on 26 August 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3e47188d56de06e3e195e4d044317f1", "text": "Melchior Ndadaye Melchior Ndadaye ( March 28 , 1953 -- October 21 , 1993 ) was a Burundian intellectual and politician . He was the first democratically elected and first Hutu president of Burundi after winning the landmark 1993 election . Though he moved to attempt to smooth the country 's bitter ethnic divide , his reforms antagonised soldiers in the Tutsi-dominated army , and he was assassinated amidst a failed military coup in October 1993 , after only three months in office . His assassination sparked an array of brutal tit-for-tat massacres between the Tutsi and Hutu ethnic groups , and ultimately sparked the decade-long Burundi Civil War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e57e5cdcecb6b7ed67637bbff362afc2", "text": "Mozambique Mozambique ( -LSB- moʊzæmˈbiːk -RSB- or -LSB- mɔːzæmˈbiːk -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Mozambique ( Moçambique or República de Moçambique , -LSB- rɛˈpublikɐ dɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ -RSB- ) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as `` Lourenço Marques '' before independence ) . Between the 1st and 5th centuries AD , Bantu-speaking peoples migrated from farther north and west . Swahili ( and later Arab ) commercial ports existed along the coasts until the arrival of Europeans . The area was explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498 and colonised by Portugal from 1505 . The country was an important place where Somali merchants enslaved the local population , starting what is now known as the Somali slave trade . After over four centuries of Portuguese rule , Mozambique gained independence in 1975 , becoming the People 's Republic of Mozambique shortly thereafter . After only two years of independence , the country descended into an intense and protracted civil war lasting from 1977 to 1992 . In 1994 , Mozambique held its first multiparty elections and has remained a relatively stable presidential republic . However , since 2013 , following more than 20 years of peace , a renewed insurgency by RENAMO has been occurring . Mozambique is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped countries in the world . Mozambique is endowed with rich and extensive natural resources . The country 's economy is based largely on agriculture , but industry is growing , mainly food and beverages , chemical manufacturing , and aluminium and petroleum production . The country 's tourism sector is also growing . South Africa is Mozambique 's main trading partner and source of foreign direct investment . Belgium , Brazil , Portugal , and Spain are also among the country 's most important economic partners . Since 2001 , Mozambique 's annual average GDP growth has been among the world 's highest . However , the country ranks among the lowest in GDP per capita , human development , measures of inequality , and average life expectancy . The only official language of Mozambique is Portuguese , which is spoken mostly as a second language by about half of the population . Common native languages include Makhuwa , Sena , and Swahili . The country 's population of around 24 million is composed overwhelmingly of Bantu people . The largest religion in Mozambique is Christianity , with significant minorities following Islam and African traditional religions . Mozambique is a member of the African Union , the Commonwealth of Nations , the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , the Latin Union , the Non-Aligned Movement , and the Southern African Development Community , and is an observer at La Francophonie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7b1207217a6b52316849c9d02d89721f", "text": "Rwandan genocide The Rwandan genocide , also known as the genocide against the Tutsi , was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government . An estimated 500,000 -- 1,000,000 Rwandans were killed during the 100-day period from April 7 to mid-July 1994 , constituting as many as 70 % of the Tutsi population . Additionally , 30 % of the Pygmy Batwa were killed . The genocide and widespread slaughter of Rwandans ended when the Tutsi-backed and heavily armed Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ) led by Paul Kagame took control of the country . An estimated 2,000,000 Rwandans , mostly Hutus , were displaced and became refugees . The genocide was planned by members of the core political elite , many of whom occupied positions at top levels of the national government . Perpetrators came from the ranks of the Rwandan army , the Gendarmerie , government-backed militias including the Interahamwe and Impuzamugambi . The genocide took place in the context of the Rwandan Civil War , an ongoing conflict beginning in 1990 between the Hutu-led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front ( RPF ) , which largely consisted of Tutsi refugees whose families had fled to Uganda after the 1959 Hutu revolt against colonial rule . Waves of Hutu violence against the RPF and Tutsi followed Rwandan independence in 1962 . International pressure on the Hutu government of Juvénal Habyarimana resulted in a ceasefire in 1993 , with a road-map to implement the Arusha Accords , which would create a power-sharing government with the RPF . This agreement was not acceptable to a number of conservative Hutu , including members of the Akazu , who viewed it as conceding to enemy demands . The RPF military campaign intensified support for the so-called `` Hutu Power '' ideology , which portrayed the RPF as an alien force who were non-Christian , intent on reinstating the Tutsi monarchy and enslaving Hutus . Many Hutus reacted to this prospect with extreme opposition . In the lead-up to the genocide the number of machetes imported into Rwanda increased . On April 6 , 1994 , an airplane carrying Habyarimana and Burundian President Cyprien Ntaryamira was shot down on its descent into Kigali . At the time , the plane was in the airspace above Habyarimana 's house . One person survived but died soon after en route to the hospital . The assassination of Habyarimana ended the peace accords . Genocidal killings began the following day . Soldiers , police , and militia quickly executed key Tutsi and moderate Hutu military and political leaders who could have assumed control in the ensuing power vacuum . Checkpoints and barricades were erected to screen all holders of the national ID card of Rwanda ( which contained ethnic classification information introduced by the Belgian colonial government in 1933 ) in order to systematically identify and kill Tutsi . These forces recruited and pressured Hutu civilians to arm themselves with machetes , clubs , blunt objects , and other weapons to rape , maim , and kill their Tutsi neighbors and to destroy or steal their property . The breakdown of the peace accords led the RPF to restart its offensive and rapidly seize control of the northern part of the country before capturing Kigali in mid-July , bringing an end to the genocide . During these events and in the aftermath , the United Nations ( UN ) and countries including the United States , the United Kingdom , and Belgium were criticized for their inaction and failure to strengthen the force and mandate of the UN Assistance Mission for Rwanda ( UNAMIR ) peacekeepers . Other observers criticized the government of France for alleged support of the Hutu government after the genocide had begun . The genocide had a lasting and profound impact on Rwanda and its neighboring countries . The pervasive use of rape as a weapon of war caused a spike in HIV infection , including babies born of rape to newly infected mothers ; many households were headed by orphaned children or widows . The destruction of infrastructure and the severe depopulation of the country crippled the economy , challenging the nascent government to achieve rapid economic growth and stabilization . The RPF military victory and installation of an RPF-dominated government prompted many Hutus to flee to neighboring countries , particularly in the eastern portion of Zaire ( now the Democratic Republic of Congo ) , where the Hutu genocidaires began to regroup in refugee camps along the border with Rwanda . Declaring a need to avert further genocide , the RPF-led government led military incursions into Zaire , including the First ( 1996 -- 97 ) and Second ( 1998 -- 2003 ) Congo Wars . Armed struggles between the Rwandan government and their opponents in DRC have continued to play out through proxy militias in the Goma region , including the M23 rebellion ( 2012 -- 2013 ) . Large Rwandan Hutu and Tutsi populations continue to live as refugees throughout the region . Today , Rwanda has two public holidays mourning the genocide . The national mourning period begins with Kwibuka , the national commemoration , on April 7 and concludes with Liberation Day on July 4 . The week following April 7 is an official week of mourning , known as Icyunamo . The genocide served as an impetus for creating the International Criminal Court to eliminate the need for ad hoc tribunals to prosecute genocide , crimes against humanity , and war crimes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c73df2c3a9e4b10ac9410635e542930e", "text": "List of African Great Lakes kingdoms The African Great Lakes kingdoms refers to the numerous historic kingdoms in the African Great Lakes region . These polities existed in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries , and had similar and yet sometimes distinct cultures , values and traditions . The Great Lakes kingdoms were found in Southeast Africa and some parts of Central Africa , in what is present-day northwest Tanzania , south Uganda , some parts of Rwanda , and Eastern Congo . Buganda Bunyoro Burundi Busoga Buvinza Buyungu Buzinza Gisaka Heru Igara Ihangiro Karagwe Kimwani Kiziba Kyamutwara Kyania Mpororo Mubari Muhambwe Nkore Rwanda Ruguru Rusubi Toro", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e261763ad4076cd5d08f67057e93f725", "text": "Zambia Zambia ( -LSB- ˈzæmbiə -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Zambia , is a landlocked country in Southern Africa , neighbouring the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north , Tanzania to the north-east , Malawi to the east , Mozambique , Zimbabwe , Botswana and Namibia to the south , and Angola to the west . The capital city is Lusaka , in the south-central part of Zambia . The population is concentrated mainly around Lusaka in the south and the Copperbelt Province to the northwest , the core economic hubs of the country . Originally inhabited by Khoisan peoples , the region was affected by the Bantu expansion of the thirteenth century . After visits by European explorers in the eighteenth century , Zambia became the British protectorate of Northern Rhodesia towards the end of the nineteenth century . For most of the colonial period , Zambia was governed by an administration appointed from London with the advice of the British South Africa Company . On 24 October 1964 , Zambia became independent of the United Kingdom and prime minister Kenneth Kaunda became the inaugural president . Kaunda 's socialist United National Independence Party ( UNIP ) maintained power from 1964 until 1991 . Kaunda played a key role in regional diplomacy , cooperating closely with the United States in search of solutions to conflicts in Rhodesia ( Zimbabwe ) , Angola , and Namibia . From 1972 to 1991 Zambia was a one-party state with the UNIP as the sole legal political party under the motto `` One Zambia , One Nation '' . Kaunda was succeeded by Frederick Chiluba of the social-democratic Movement for Multi-Party Democracy in 1991 , beginning a period of social-economic growth and government decentralisation . Levy Mwanawasa , Chiluba 's chosen successor , presided over Zambia from January 2002 until his death in August 2008 , and is credited with campaigns to reduce corruption and increase the standard of living . After Mwanawasa 's death , Rupiah Banda presided as Acting President before being elected President in 2008 . Holding office for only three years , Banda stepped down after his defeat in the 2011 elections by Patriotic Front party leader Michael Sata . Sata died on 28 October 2014 , the second Zambian president to die in office . Guy Scott served briefly as interim president until new elections were held on 20 January 2015 , in which Edgar Lungu was elected as the sixth President . In 2010 , the World Bank named Zambia one of the world 's fastest economically reformed countries . The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa ( COMESA ) is headquartered in Lusaka .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7a09a2d1aa1af3c9d70d73b085241a4", "text": "Foreign relations of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Its location in the center of Africa has made the Democratic Republic of the Congo ( at one time known as Zaire ) a key player in the region since independence . Because of its size , mineral wealth , and strategic location , Zaire was able to capitalize on Cold War tensions to garner support from the West . In the early 1990s , however , with the end of the Cold War and in the face of growing evidence of human rights abuses , Western support waned as pressure for internal reform increased . The Democratic Republic of the Congo is in the grip of a civil war that has drawn in military forces from neighboring states , with Ugandan , Burundian , and Rwandan forces helping the rebel movement which occupies much of the eastern portion of the state . One problem is the continuing theft of mineral resources , such as coltan , by occupying forces . One estimate has the Rwandan army making $ 350 million in 48 months from the sale of coltan , even though Rwanda has no coltan deposits . Not only can the DRC not make any money from its mineral wealth , due to its inability to tax anything in rebel-held areas , but the wealth is also used itself to finance insurgent activities . Troops from Zimbabwe , Angola , Namibia , Chad , and Sudan support the Kinshasa regime . Furthermore , relations with surrounding countries have often been driven by security concerns . Intricate and interlocking alliances have often characterized regional relations . Conflicts in Sudan , Uganda , Angola , Rwanda , and Burundi have at various times created bilateral and regional tensions . The current crisis in DRC has its roots both in the use of The Congo as a base by various insurgency groups attacking neighboring countries and in the absence of a broad-based political system in the Congo . The Democratic Republic of the Congo is also a member of the International Criminal Court with a Bilateral Immunity Agreement of protection for the U.S.-military ( as covered under Article 98 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "173a60bd3e1b5d1e69f27c39fdda10d3", "text": "Republic of Cabinda The Republic of Cabinda ( Ibinda : Kilansi kia cabinda ; República de Cabinda ) is an unrecognized state in southern Africa . The Front for the Liberation of the State of Cabinda-Exercito de Cabinda ( FLEC ) claims sovereignty from Angola and proclaimed the Republic of Cabinda as an independent country in 1975 . The government of this ( internationally not recognized ) entity operates in exile , with offices located in Paris , France and Pointe Noire , Congo-Brazzaville . The 1885 Treaty of Simulambuco designated Cabinda a Portuguese protectorate known as the Portuguese Congo , which was administratively separate from Portuguese West Africa ( Angola ) . In the 20th century , Portugal decided to integrate Cabinda into Angola , giving it the status of a district of that `` overseas province '' . During the Portuguese Colonial War , FLEC fought for the independence of Cabinda from the Portuguese . Independence was proclaimed on 1 August 1975 , and FLEC formed a provisional government led by Henriques Tiago . Luiz Branque Franque was elected president . In January 1975 , Angola 's three national liberation movements ( People 's Movement for the Liberation of Angola ( MPLA ) , National Liberation Front of Angola ( FNLA ) and National Union for the Total Independence of Angola ( UNITA ) ) met with the colonial power in Alvor , Portugal , to establish the modalities of the transition to independence . FLEC was not invited . The Alvor Agreement was signed , establishing Angolan independence and confirming Cabinda as part of Angola . After Angolan independence was declared in November 1975 , Cabinda was occupied by the forces of the Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola ( MPLA ) , which had been present in Cabinda since the mid-1960s , sustaining an anti-colonial guerrilla war that was rather more efficient than the one run by FLEC . For much of the 1970s and 1980s , FLEC fought a low-intensity guerrilla war , attacking the troops of what was by then the People 's Republic of Angola , led by the MPLA . FLEC 's tactics included attacking economic targets and kidnapping foreign employees working in the province 's oil and construction businesses . In July 2006 , after ceasefire negotiations , António Bento Bembe -- as president of the Cabindan Forum for Dialogue and Peace , vice-president and executive secretary of FLEC -- announced that the Cabindan separatist forces were ready to declare a ceasefire . A peace treaty was signed . FLEC-FAC from Paris contends Bembe had no authority or mandate to negotiate with the Angolans and that the only acceptable solution is total independence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "188be920bf9234e8c666830e8f7a2606", "text": "List of companies of Tanzania Tanzania is a large country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . The country has the second largest economy in the East African Community and the twelfth largest in Africa . It is largely dependent on agriculture for employment , accounting for about half of the employed workforce . An estimated 34 percent of Tanzanians currently live in poverty . The economy has been transitioning from a command economy to a market economy since 1985 . Although total GDP has increased since these reforms began , GDP per capita dropped sharply at first , and only exceeded the pre-transition figure in around 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d96aaafc5e2587be6ed627a067c0b76c", "text": "Central African Empire The Central African Empire ( French : Empire centrafricain ) was a short-lived , self-declared `` constitutional monarchy '' , but in reality an absolute monarchy under a one-party military dictatorship , that replaced the Central African Republic and was , in turn , replaced by the restoration of the Republic . The empire was formed by and under the command of Jean-Bédel Bokassa , president of the Republic , who declared himself Emperor Bokassa I on 4 December 1976 . Bokassa spent the equivalent of over 20 million United States dollars , a third of the country 's government annual income , on his coronation ceremony . The monarchy was abolished and the name `` Central African Republic '' was restored on 21 September 1979 , when Bokassa was ousted with French support . His Palace was destroyed .", "title": "" } ]
fever
eee9d90f1c5b3eff9c1d40823f748013
Fernando Alonso's birth month is July.
[ { "docid": "76c42387e05d9bd813417c15235d45cd", "text": "Fernando Alonso Fernando Alonso Díaz ( born 29 July 1981 ) is a Spanish Formula One racing driver and a double World Champion who is currently racing for McLaren-Honda . He is often regarded as one of the greatest Formula One drivers in the history of the sport . He took part in the 2017 Indianapolis 500 . Born in Oviedo , the capital of the autonomous region of Asturias , Alonso started in karting from the age of 3 . He won three consecutive karting championships in Spain from 1994 to 1997 , and he became world karting champion in 1996 . He made his Formula One debut in the season with Minardi , and then moved to the Renault team as a test driver the next year . Starting in Alonso then became one of the main drivers of the team . On 25 September 2005 , he won the Formula One World Drivers ' Championship title at the age of 24 years and 58 days , at the time making him the youngest Formula One World Drivers ' Champion . After retaining the title the following year , Alonso also became the youngest double Champion at the time . He joined McLaren in , before returning to Renault for two seasons in and . For the season , he joined Scuderia Ferrari . Although Alonso did not reach his goal of winning a third title while at Ferrari he managed to finish runner up on three occasions ( , and ) as well as winning eleven Grands Prix with the team and clearly beating his teammates for points in all five seasons . His strongest title challenges were in 2010 and 2012 , finishing both seasons just adrift of title winner Sebastian Vettel . He left Ferrari at the end of the season , two years prior to the original expiry of his contract . Nicknamed El Nano , a typical pseudonym for Fernando in Asturias , his place of birth , Alonso acts as a Goodwill Ambassador for UNICEF . Alonso also had become the youngest driver to win a pole position and Grand Prix respectively in the 2003 Malaysian Grand Prix and the 2003 Hungarian Grand Prix , before both records were broken by Sebastian Vettel in the 2008 Italian Grand Prix . With his fourth-place finish in the 2013 Japanese Grand Prix , scoring his 1,571 st career point , Alonso took over the record for most championship points in his career . However , the record has once again been broken by Sebastian Vettel at the 2015 Italian Grand Prix . , Alonso is the only Spanish driver to have won a Formula One Grand Prix and is the driver with the sixth highest number of Grand Prix wins , with .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "cef392a0e5e13ad5596b49fd3ed01d9f", "text": "Fernando Osorio Fernando Osorio is a singer-songwriter , born in Bogotá , Colombia , and raised in Caracas , Venezuela .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76a6ea1fa80e7d8fe3babae431dff814", "text": "Fernando Adames Torres Fernando Adames Torres was born around the 3rd decade of the 19th century in Siquisique , a small city near Barquisimeto on Lara State in the country of Venezuela . He was the son of Juan Bautista Adames and Magdalena Torres . During his early years prior to entering the Military , Fernando Adames spent most of his time as a business entrepreneur , until March 1858 where he joined the military during the Revolution of 1858 serving under the orders of Mariscal Falcon . This revolution lasted five years and ended with the formation of the `` Federacion Venezolana '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05c1476b634ef88a272d94f082f1d307", "text": "2013 Chinese Grand Prix The 2013 Chinese Grand Prix ( formally known as the 2013 Formula 1 UBS Chinese Grand Prix ) was a Formula One motor race that was held on 14 April 2013 at the Shanghai International Circuit in Shanghai , China . The race was the third round of the 2013 season , and marked the tenth running of the Chinese Grand Prix as a round of the Formula One World Championship . The race was won by Fernando Alonso .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "443b1445bfc2680ac3002b5c183c1ad4", "text": "Carlos Martínez Alonso Carlos Martínez Alonso , ( Carlos Martinez-A . ) was born in Villasimpliz ( Pola de Gordón ) , in the province of León , on January 9 , 1950 . In 1974 he obtained a chemistry degree from the Universidad Complutense of Madrid . Four years later , in 1978 , he obtained a Ph.D. in immunology by the same university . He was appointed President of the Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ) from 2004 to 2008 , and Secretary of State for Research in the Ministry of Science and Innovation from early 2008 to December 2009 . He did his scientific research in several institutions : La Clínica Puerta de Hierro ( Autonomous University of Madrid ) , the Basel Institute for Immunology ( Basel , Switzerland ) , the Umeå University School of Medicine ( Umeå , Sweden ) , the Pasteur Institute ( Paris , France ) , the California Institute of Technology ( Pasadena , California , USA ) , the Severo Ochoa Center for Molecular Biology ( Madrid , Spain ) , with stays in institutions , including the Institute of Immunobiology of the Max Planck Society ( Freiburg , Germany ) , the Ontario Cancer Institute ( Toronto , Canada ) , Millennium Pharmaceuticals ( Boston , Massachusetts , USA ) . He now works at the National Center for Biotechnology ( CNB-CSIC ) in Madrid , where he was vice-director and founded and directed the Department of Immunology and Oncology from 1996 to 2004 , thanks to a large collaborative core grant from Pharmacia/Pfizer . He is a member of the European Molecular Biology Organization ( EMBO ) and was the president of the European Molecular Biology Conference from 1995 to 1999 , and vice-president of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory ( EMBL ) in Heidelberg . He is member of the editorial committee of various international journals , and author to more than 400 articles in such scientific journals . In 2004 he was elected president of the Spanish Spanish National Research Council ( CSIC ) . In April 2008 he moved from this position to his present one in the Ministry for Science and Innovation , and was substituted by Rafael Rodrigo Montero at the CSIC presidency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25c5b7a6efcdc494d0955e4b0a810a6f", "text": "Fernando Zavala Fernando Martín Zavala Lombardi ( -LSB- feɾˈnando mar ` tin saˈβala lomˈbaɾði -RSB- ; born 16 February 1971 ) is the Prime Minister of Peru , in office since July 28 , 2016 . Previously he was the President of Backus and Johnston , a subsidiary of SABMiller . From 2005 to 2006 he was Minister of Economy and Finance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7c76ebe2e5a1cdd894ed2e4f3c32dec", "text": "July 16", "title": "" }, { "docid": "860583b08af2550b96cdabbb42e8db7e", "text": "San Fernando, Cádiz San Fernando ( -LSB- san fernˈando -RSB- , Saint-Ferdinand ) is a town in the province of Cádiz , Spain . It is home to more than 97,500 inhabitants . The city also uses the name `` La Isla '' ( The Island ) . The people from San Fernando are locally known as `` Cañaíllas '' or `` Isleños '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e57829049a67e761d282dae48c0f8a4", "text": "Marcos Senna Marcos Antônio Senna da Silva ( born 17 July 1976 ) , known as Senna , is a retired footballer who played as a central midfielder . He is known for his passing range and long shooting and is also a penalty specialist , and spent most of his professional career in Spain with Villarreal , appearing in 363 official games of the course of 11 seasons , ten in La Liga ( 33 goals scored ) . He ended his career at the New York Cosmos , where he twice won the Soccer Bowl . Born in Brazil , Senna represented the Spain national team during four years , appearing at the 2006 World Cup and Euro 2008 and winning the latter tournament as starter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "492cbd8172c0eee91e5a109ab9e5ff76", "text": "July 8", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59115eea1d0e52c1dc4039517a185a46", "text": "Néstor Bareiro Néstor Fabián Bareiro Leguizamón ( born 11 December 1983 in Fernando de la Mora ) is a Paraguayan footballer forward .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "850fb1b5d441d49cc6b9b42603b90bb7", "text": "Rodrigo Alonso Rodrigo Alonso ( born February 11 , 1982 in Hurlingham , Buenos Aires ) is an Argentine football defender currently playing for Temperley of the Primera B Nacional .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9e52fcf2bf66a92f595e47c8ccf0f24", "text": "Adrián Alonso Pereira Adrián Alonso Pereira ( born 26 June 1988 ) , commonly known as Pola , is a Spanish futsal player who plays for Inter Movistar as an Ala. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c599c33ca26d6d3fce2092eaa7fc1c3d", "text": "Fernando Rubén González Fernando Rubén González Pineda ( born January 27 , 1994 ) is a Mexican footballer who plays as a Midfielder for Coras F.C. on loan from C.D. Guadalajara .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "507af93f6ce4c877f5cd202fc1f549b3", "text": "Alonso Duralde Alonso Duralde ( born May 18 , 1967 ) is an American writer and film critic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b6e70d603c2abd1670047bb4b7f7376", "text": "Fernando González (writer) Fernando González Ochoa ( April 24 , 1895 -- February 16 , 1964 ) , was a Colombian writer and existentialist philosopher known as `` el filósofo de Otraparte '' ( The Philosopher from somewhere else ) . He wrote about sociology , history , art , morality , economics , epistemology and theology in a magisterial and creative way , using different genres of literature . González is considered one of the most original writers of Colombia during the 20th century . His ideas were controversial and had a great influence in the Colombian society at his time and today . The González work was the inspiration of Nadaism , a literary movement founded by one of his disciples , Gonzalo Arango . The Otraparte Villa , his house in Envigado , is today a museum and the headquarters of the cultural foundation to preserve and promote his legacy . The place was declared a National Patrimony of Colombia in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2fd880efc27ba265268deff64fd788a", "text": "Fernando Martínez Aldana Fernando Martínez Aldana ( born June 14 , 1977 in Tlalnepantla de Baz , State of Mexico ) is a Mexican football manager and former player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e920c2ebccd8967eb280fcd44fb8b9de", "text": "National Alliance July 18 National Alliance July 18 ( in Spanish : Alianza Nacional 18 de Julio ) was a far-right nationalist electoral coalition in Spain , formed ahead of the 1977 elections by New Force of Blas Piñar , Círculos Doctrinales José Antonio and Carlist Traditionalist Communion . July 18 refers to the day on which the Nationalist forces under the leadership of Francisco Franco launched a military uprising in 1936 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "014d5a26aa87bffc66aa2a2e16d01e20", "text": "Flavio Alonso Not to be confused with Fernando Alonso . Flavio Alonso ( born May 11 , 1968 ) is a Spanish rally driver . He is best known for participating in the Race of Champions during the event 's tenure at Gran Canaria , the highlight being winning the ` Rally Masters ' contest in 1992 and 1996 . He also represented Spain alongside Oriol Servia and Emilio Alzamora at the 2003 event , losing in the final to the ` All-Star ' team . He also reached the quarter-finals of the main event that year , but was beaten by François Duval . He has competed sporadically in the Spanish Rally Championship and the European Rally Championship , and also participated in the Spanish round of the 1999 World Rally Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e90234e82d913d1eb51a8f529b09ab6", "text": "2011 Italian Grand Prix The 2011 Italian Grand Prix , formally known as the 2011 Gran Premio Santander d'Italia , was a Formula One motor race that was held on 11 September 2011 at the Autodromo Nazionale Monza in Italy . It was the thirteenth round of the 2011 Formula One season and was also the sixtieth time the Italian Grand Prix had been held at Monza . The 53-lap race was won by Red Bull 's Sebastian Vettel , the World Drivers ' Championship leader , after he started from pole position . Jenson Button finished in second place for McLaren , and Fernando Alonso completed the podium in third position for Ferrari . As a consequence of the race , Vettel extended his lead in the World Drivers ' Championship to 112 points over Alonso , who moved up to second place in the championship . Button moved into third place in the championship , five points behind Alonso , and level on points with fourth-placed Mark Webber , but ahead on countback . In the World Constructors ' Championship , Red Bull 's championship lead was cut by McLaren to 126 points , with Ferrari a further 71 points behind in third position .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0daa75e053e585759e06a92cd035ff1", "text": "Ernesto Velázquez Ernesto Velázquez ( born 3 October 1988 ) is a Spanish male badminton player . In 2007 , he won bronze medal at the European Junior Badminton Championships in boys ' singles event .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5c21cf2ee1b9ed784c1a04fb75d20beb
Usain Bolt was in the 2008 Olympics.
[ { "docid": "cf4d5913208293cea9f15bc4f178ab00", "text": "Usain Bolt Usain St Leo Bolt , OJ , CD ( -LSB- ˈjuːseɪn -RSB- born 21 August 1986 ) is a Jamaican sprinter . He is the first person to hold both the 100 metres and 200 metres world records since fully automatic time became mandatory . He also holds the world record as a part of the 4 × 100 metres relay . He is the reigning world and Olympic champion in these three events . Due to his unprecedented dominance and achievements in sprint competition , he is widely considered to be the greatest sprinter of all time . An eight-time Olympic gold medalist , Bolt won the 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 m relay at three consecutive Olympic Games , although he subsequently lost one of the gold medals ( as well as the world record set therein ) nine years after the fact due to teammate Nesta Carter 's disqualification for doping offences . He gained worldwide popularity for his double sprint victory at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in world record times . Bolt is the only sprinter to win Olympic 100 m and 200 m titles at three consecutive olympics ( 2008 , 2012 and 2016 ) , a feat referred to as the `` triple double . '' An eleven-time World Champion , he won consecutive World Championship 100 m , 200 m and 4 × 100 metres relay gold medals from 2009 to 2015 , with the exception of a 100 m false start in 2011 . He is the most successful athlete of the World Championships and was the first athlete to win three titles in both the 100 m and 200 m at the competition . Bolt improved upon his first 100 m world record of 9.69 with 9.58 seconds in 2009 -- the biggest improvement since the start of electronic timing . He has twice broken the 200 metres world record , setting 19.30 in 2008 and 19.19 in 2009 . He has helped Jamaica to three 4 × 100 metres relay world records , with the current record being 36.84 seconds set in 2012 . Bolt 's most successful event is the 200 m , with three Olympic and four World titles . The 2008 Olympics was his international debut over 100 m ; he had earlier won numerous 200 m medals ( including 2007 World Championship silver ) and holds the world under-20 and world under-18 records for the event . His achievements as a sprinter have earned him the media nickname `` Lightning Bolt '' , and his awards include the IAAF World Athlete of the Year , Track & Field Athlete of the Year , and Laureus World Sportsman of the Year ( four times ) . Bolt has stated that he intends to retire from athletics after the 2017 World Championships .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d87b3331a7f9be96806fb0b8417a8c89", "text": "Switzerland at the 2012 Summer Olympics Switzerland competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , from 27 July to 12 August 2012 . Swiss athletes competed at every Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , except when they boycotted the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne as a protest to the Soviet invasion of Hungary . The Swiss Olympic Association sent a total of 103 athletes to the Games , 72 men and 31 women , to compete in 18 sports . Switzerland left London with a total of four Olympic medals ( two gold and two silver ) , their lowest in Summer Olympic history since 1992 . This was in stark contrast with the zero medal tally of the neighbouring Austria , a nation of roughly comparable size . Most of these medals were awarded to the athletes in cycling , tennis , equestrian , and triathlon . Among the nation 's medalists were mountain biker Nino Schurter , who collected a total of two Olympic medals after winning the silver in men 's cross-country race . Equestrian rider Steve Guerdat won Switzerland 's first ever gold medal in the individual show jumping after 84 years . Meanwhile , Nicola Spirig became the second Swiss athlete to claim an Olympic title in women 's triathlon since its official debut as a full-medal sport in 2000 . World number-one male tennis player Roger Federer won the coveted silver medal in the men 's singles , after he was defeated by Great Britain 's Andy Murray . Several Swiss athletes missed out of the medal standings . Defending Olympic champion Fabian Cancellara finished seventh in the men 's individual time trial , following his collarbone injury from the road race .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e2a37393656ba968a011074679900cc", "text": "Saint Kitts and Nevis at the 2008 Summer Olympics The Saint Kitts and Nevis National Olympic Committee sent four athletes to the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China . All four participated in the track and field competitions across four different events . Three women ( Tiandra Ponteen , Virgil Hodge , and Meritzer Williams ) and one man ( Kim Collins ) comprised the Kittitian delegation . Williams and Ponteen did not advance past Qualifications in their events ; Hodge reached quarterfinals in both the 100m and 200m sprints ; and Collins , who participated in two events , reached the Semifinal round in the 100m sprint , and ranked sixth in the finals in the 200m sprint . Saint Kitts and Nevis did not win any medals during the Beijing Olympics . The flag bearer for the team at the opening ceremony was first-time Olympian Virgil Hodge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b6b8b480f9eeda42fd9cd66b399f2ae", "text": "United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics The United States was the host nation of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles , California . It was the nineteenth time that Team USA participated , having boycotted the 1980 Summer Olympics . 522 competitors , 339 men and 183 women , took part in 217 events in 25 sports . These Olympic Games were unique for the United States in that the host state was California , the home state of the country 's president , Ronald Reagan , who himself opened the Games , becoming the first American president to open a Summer Olympics , and also any Olympic games in the United States . Reagan was governor of the state from 1967 to 1975 . It was not until the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City that an American president opened a Winter Olympics in the United States . Team USA won 83 Gold medals at the 1984 Summer Olympics , which is as of 2016 , the record for most first-place finishes in a Summer Olympics by a host nation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b154a710731abd42d8693ff51cbf7e4d", "text": "Joanna Kocielnik Joanna Henryka Kocielnik ( born 11 March 1983 in Warsaw ) is a track and field sprint athlete who competes internationally for Poland . Kocielnik represented Poland at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing . She competed at the 4 x 100 metres relay together with Daria Korczyńska , Dorota Jędrusińska and Marta Jeschke . In their first round heat ( without Kocielnik ) they placed fifth behind Belgium , Great Britain , Brazil and Nigeria . Their time of 43.47 seconds was the second best non-directly qualifying time and the seventh time overall out of sixteen participating nations . With this result they qualified for the final in which they replaced Jeschke with Kocielnik . In the final they were eventually disqualified .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de1553a997d6bf28f60c71ec79b220ed", "text": "GamesBids GamesBids.com is an Olympic bid news and information web site created in Toronto , Ontario , Canada , by Robert Livingstone . The goal of the site , which was originally named Torontosummergames.com , was to follow the bid by the city of Toronto to organize the Games of the XXIXth Olympiad in 2008 . After Beijing was eventually elected to host the Olympic Games , the site continued to operate , generally addressing and analysing the overall Olympic bid business . The site has also been the source of a few scoops , for instance when one of the forum members discovered the trademark filing of the Beijing 2008 logo , providing the information before it was due to be released to the public . Many international websites , newspapers , and news stations have mentioned Gamesbids in connection to the Olympic Movement , for instance the International Herald Tribune and The New York Times that wrote `` GamesBids.com , an influential , independent Web site based in Canada that looks at the business of the bidding process . '' GamesBids.com is also well-respected by key industry insiders . Baku 2020 Olympic bid chief Konul Nurullayeva said `` GamesBids '' is one of the most influential websites that disseminate information about the preparation for the Olympics , the election process and the candidate-cities . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ee14864dc39c18913d6b87cec6a1ac5", "text": "Rowing at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Women's single sculls Women 's single sculls competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing was held between August 9 and 16 , at the Shunyi Olympic Rowing-Canoeing Park . This rowing event is a single scull event , meaning that each boat is propelled by a single rower . The `` scull '' portion means that the rower uses two oars , one on each side of the boat ; this contrasts with sweep rowing in which each rower has one oar and rows on only one side ( not feasible for singles events ! ) . The competition consists of multiple rounds . Finals were held to determine the placing of each boat ; these finals were given letters with those nearer to the beginning of the alphabet meaning a better ranking . Semifinals were named based on which finals they fed , with each semifinal having two possible finals . During the first round six heats were held . The top three boats in each heat advance to the quarterfinals , together with the 6 fastest of the remaining scullers , while all others are relegated to the E/F semifinals . The quarterfinals were the second round for rowers still competing for medals . Placing in the quarterfinal heats determined which semifinal the boat would race in . The top three boats in each quarterfinal moved on to the A/B semifinals , with the bottom three boats going to the C/D semifinals . Six semifinals were held , two each of A/B semifinals , C/D semifinals , and E/F semifinals . For each semifinal race , the top three boats moved on to the better of the two finals , while the bottom three boats went to the lesser of the two finals possible . For example , a second-place finish in an A/B semifinal would result in advancement to the A final . The fourth and final round was the Finals . Each final determined a set of rankings . The A final determined the medals , along with the rest of the places through 6th . The B final gave rankings from 7th to 12th , the C from 13th to 18th , and so on . Thus , to win a medal rowers had to finish in the top four of their heat , top three of their quarterfinal , and top three of their A/B semifinal to reach the A final .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2da9dcf4f88f7eb7a6d21d692b07132f", "text": "Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London , England , 26 athletics events were contested , all for men only . A total of 79 medals ( 27 gold , 27 silver , 25 bronze ) were awarded . Each nation was allowed to enter up to 12 competitors in most of the events . In the team races ( the medley relay and the 3 mile team race ) , each nation entered one team . The medley relay was run by four athletes , with four alternates allowed . In the 3 mile team race , five athletes from each nation ran with only three counting . The competition was restricted to amateurs , and was held under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Association . These rules included a prohibition on any interference with other runners ( a rule that played an important part in the 400 metres ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "286d3808cf8632531534984ff9ec0a98", "text": "1984 United States Olympic Trials (track and field) The 1984 United States Olympic Trials for track and field were held at Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles , California , the same venue as would host the 1984 Olympics a month and a half later . Organised by The Athletics Congress ( TAC ) , the nine-day competition lasted from June 16 until June 24 . The national championships in track and field for the United States was a separate event that year , held a week earlier in San Jose , California . The Women 's Marathon Olympic Trials were held on May 12 in Olympia , Washington . The Men 's Marathon Trials were in Buffalo , New York on May 26 . The results of the event determined qualification for the United States at the 1984 Summer Olympics . This meet had two of the closest finishes . In the Women 's 100 meters hurdles , the second , third and fourth-place finishers had the same time to the 100th of a second , with winner Kim Turner just one 100th ahead . Stephanie Hightower was the odd person out , not selected to the Olympic team . 28 years later at the 2012 Trials , Hightower as President of USATF had to administer over another similar tie in the Women 's 100 meters between Allyson Felix and Jeneba Tarmoh that could not be separated by photo finish pictures . The other close finish was in the Men 's 800 meters , where Earl Jones and Johnny Gray both received the same time of 1:43.74 to share the American Record from the same race . And .17 behind them John Marshall and James Robinson also received the same time for the last qualifying place after Robinson kicked past the field and looked to have edged past Marshall , Robinson relaxed at the line while Marshall made one last lean to get the edge and take the final spot on the Olympic team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09a6556c6df1b0942c4795b7e56e6bd8", "text": "Mike Day (cyclist) Micheal Day ( born October 9 , 1984 in Tarzana , California United States ) is a professional American `` Current School '' Bicycle Motocross ( BMX ) racer whose prime competitive years are from 2002 -- Present . His nickname is a play on a common phrase . Mike Day 's official Union Cycliste Internationale ( UCI ) number , which was originally assigned to him by the American Bicycle Association ( ABA ) ( not affiliated to the UCI ) , he requested for it from and is assigned it by the UCI for life regardless of how he does in a race season , is # 365 . With the exception of quadrennial leap years , that is the number of days in a calendar year . As a result , a play on his surname `` 365 Day '' occurs from the common phrase '' ... 365 days a year '' ( alternatively '' . .365 days per year '' ) : On June 14 , 2008 Mike Day won a place on the USA BMX Olympic Team by winning the Team Trial at the Olympic Training Center in Chula Vista , California . This team will represent the USA in the first ever BMX racing competition in the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China with Teammates Kyle Bennett , Donny Robinson , and Jill Kintner . As of August 20 , he has made the Semi Finals in the 2008 Summer Olympics , winning both the Seeding Run time trials and was the overall winning of the three runnings of his Quarter Finals , sweeping all three . On August 22 , Mike Day won the Silver medal in the Men 's BMX Final at the 2008 Summer Olympic Games . Since the Men 's Final was raced after the Women 's Final in the sport 's debut games , he is the second American ever to win a medal . However , he is also the highest placing . His teammates Jill Kintner and Donny Robinson both won Bronze medals . Kyle Bennett did not qualify for the Finals . Maris Strombergs of Latvia was the winner of the Gold medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "04421e876879c366bef740ae736029e3", "text": "Jamaica at the Olympics Jamaica first participated at the Olympic Games in 1948 , and has sent athletes to compete in every Summer Olympic Games since then . In 1960 , Jamaican athletes competed as part of the West Indies Federation team . Jamaica has also participated in the Winter Olympic Games since 1988 , with the Jamaica national bobsleigh team achieving some fame . Jamaican athletes have won a total of 68 medals , with all but one medal won in athletics , and all but three of those in the individual and relay sprint events . The National Olympic Committee for Jamaica is the Jamaica Olympic Association , and was founded in 1936 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1afbda328a354c6099693c25a0daef5", "text": "Rikki Fifton Rikki Fifton ( born in London on 17 June 1985 ) is a British sprinter who mainly specialises in the 200 metres , but occasionally competes in 100 metres , 400 metres , and relay events . Before becoming involved in athletics , Fifton was an avid kick boxer . He currently runs for the Newham and Essex Beagles and is studying for a PE and Sociology degree at Loughborough University . He made his first international junior appearance at the 2003 European Athletics Junior Championships , finishing fourth in the 200 m final . The following year he attended the 2004 World Junior Championships in Athletics and again reached the final , this time finishing in sixth place . His most accomplished performance to date on the senior athletics circuit is getting to the semi-finals of the European Championships in Athletics in 2006 and winning the 200 m at the national indoor championships in 2007 . He won the 200 m bronze medal at the 2007 European Athletics U23 Championships , finishing behind Visa Hongisto and Vojtech Sulc . In May 2009 , Fifton took part in the 150 meters street race at the Great City Games in Manchester . He reached the final of the event and finished fourth with a time of 15.13 seconds , behind Ivory Williams , Marlon Devonish and Usain Bolt . He won the 200 m at the European Athletics permit meet in Geneva in June with a new personal best of 20.46 seconds . This made him top of the European rankings in the event and improved his chances for a place in the 2009 European Team Championships . He was selected to run the 4 × 100 m relay and the 200 m at the competition . However , he suffered a hamstring injury in the relay race and Great Britain finished tenth . Teammate Dwain Chambers won as the stand-in 200 m runner .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e89b86d45b83dec7223157dd6534141d", "text": "Gymnastics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's vault Men 's vault competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held on August 18 at the Beijing National Indoor Stadium . The eight competitors ( with a maximum of two per nation ) with the highest scores in qualifying proceeded to the men 's vault finals . There , each gymnast performed two vaults ; the scores from the final round ( ignoring qualification ) determined final ranking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c5843f3e378d433c891f80515744d0d", "text": "Zimbabwe at the 2008 Summer Paralympics Zimbabwe competed in the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing , China . The country 's delegation consisted of two track and field athletes , Elliot Mujaji and Molene Muza . Mujaji is a two-time Paralympic gold medalist , having won the 100 metre T46 event in 2000 and 2004 , while Muza competed in the Paralympic Games for the first time . In the days leading up to the games , the pair trained at the National University of Science and Technology in Bulawayo under coach Remigio Mumbire , however a lack of money threatened to cut the training camp short . The group planned to leave for Beijing on 28 August and arrive two days later . Mujaji competed in the men 's 100 and 200 metre races , and Muza in the women 's javelin and shot put .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfe59eac09451aa79bc933957cd3bf18", "text": "Chronological summary of the 2008 Summer Olympics This page contains a chronological summary of major events from the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da0b50394159995679647429cb3c971d", "text": "Athletics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump The men 's high jump at the 2008 Olympic Games took place on 17 -- 19 August at the Beijing Olympic Stadium . The qualifying standards were 2.30 m ( 7.55 ft ) ( A standard ) and 2.27 m ( 7.45 ft ) ( B standard ) . Notably , reigning world champion Donald Thomas , who cleared 2.32 metres in Osaka 2007 , finished only in twenty-first place , but failed to advance into the final round .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3bd1b020059ba9d90c155d9d9279959", "text": "International Track & Field International Track & Field is a 3D update of Konami 's Track & Field series , in which up to four players compete in eleven different Olympic events . The game was released for the PlayStation and the arcades in 1996 . The arcade version was released only in Japan as Hyper Athlete . In 2008 the game was released on PlayStation Network . All six events from the first game , 1983 's Track & Field , are included , but only three events ( swimming , pole vault and triple jump ) are taken from the sequel , Hyper Sports . International Track & Field uses the three-button control system of its predecessors ( two run buttons and one action button per player ) and the eleven disciplines can be attempted in any order . The available events are : 100m Sprint Long Jump Shot Put 100m Free style 110m Hurdle High Jump Hammer Triple Jump Javelin Pole Vault Discus", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47ea0d7171a7622f4f0864efc17b76ec", "text": "USA Wrestling USA Wrestling ( formerly known as the United States Wrestling Federation and as the United States Wrestling Association ) is the organization that currently governs freestyle wrestling and Greco-Roman wrestling in the United States . USA Wrestling is also the official representative to the United States Olympic Committee ( USOC ) and to United World Wrestling ( UWW ) and is considered the national governing body of the sport at the amateur level . Their mission statement is , `` USA Wrestling , guided by the Olympic Spirit , provides quality opportunities for its members to achieve their full human and athletic potential . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aaee01a542a700e5350322c21418842b", "text": "Gymnastics at the 2008 Summer Olympics – Men's parallel bars Men 's parallel bars competition at the 2008 Summer Olympics was held on August 19 at the Beijing National Indoor Stadium . The eight competitors ( with a maximum of two per nation ) with the highest scores in qualifying proceeded to the men 's parallel bars finals . There , each gymnast performed again ; the scores from the final round ( ignoring qualification ) determined the final ranking .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f2ac5d793048b7c14265d4cfd2038dc", "text": "Netherlands at the 2008 Summer Olympics The Netherlands competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , People 's Republic of China . This was announced in an official statement on the NOC * NSF website . In the statement they named the Olympic Games and the Paralympic Games as a highlight in sports to which a lot of sportspeople , coaches and the Dutch sports fans would look forward . The Netherlands aimed for a top 10 nations ranking in the Olympics as well as a top 25 ranking in the Paralympics ; they ended up ranking 12th at the Games . Further in the statement they announced that they were aware of the political discussions about human rights and other issues in the People 's Republic of China and that they encouraged these discussions , but that they would only participate in sports related discussions . They say individual sportspeople , coaches and managers might have their own opinions about the issues but these would always be conveyed as personal opinions deriving from their own social views . They believe sports activities do have the opportunity to positively influence the situation in the People 's Republic of China when it comes to implementing the sports rules correctly as well as in situations improving the levels of respect , solidarity and fair play in sports . There were 243 athletes representing the Netherlands . 15 in athletics , 24 in baseball , 2 in canoeing , 27 in cycling , 8 in equestrian , 2 in fencing , 32 in field hockey , 18 in football , 2 in gymnastics , 10 in judo , 30 in rowing , 12 in sailing , 15 in softball , 21 in swimming , 3 in table tennis , 1 in taekwondo , 2 in triathlon , 6 in volleyball and 13 in water polo . 61 different athletes won a medal , which is 25.10 % of all athletes . With a gold and a silver medal Anky van Grunsven was the only multiple medalist . The athletes that qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics are listed below .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2909eec7a4f1db3985e07fe63efde56", "text": "2008 Summer Paralympics The 2008 Summer Paralympic Games ( Chinese : 第十三屆残疾人奥林匹克运动会 ) , the thirteenth Paralympics , took place in Beijing , China from September 6 to 17 , 2008 . As with the 2008 Summer Olympics , equestrian events were held in Hong Kong and sailing events in Qingdao . 3,951 athletes from 146 countries took part . This was the largest ever number of nations at the Paralympics ( ten more than in Athens ) , and five countries competed for the first time . China fielded more athletes than any other country . The slogan for the 2008 Paralympics was the same as the 2008 Summer Olympics , `` One World , One Dream '' ( Pinyin Tóng yīge shìjìe tóng yīge mèngxiǎng , lit . `` One World , One Dream '' ) . China dominated the medal count finishing with 89 gold medals and 211 total medals , more than double the next-ranked NPC in both cases . 339 Paralympic records and 279 world records were broken . International Paralympic Committee ( IPC ) President Philip Craven declared the Games `` the greatest Paralympic Games ever . ''", "title": "" } ]
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eab22e9fb775f84dae8ba5d79077ab48
Bali is the capital of the Republic of Indonesia
[ { "docid": "15682406c9e388f266ee3d5eb1fa0519", "text": "Bali Bali ( Balinese : ) is an island and province of Indonesia . The province includes the island of Bali and a few smaller neighbouring islands , notably Nusa Penida , Nusa Lembongan , and Nusa Ceningan . It is located at the westernmost end of the Lesser Sunda Islands , between Java to the west and Lombok to the east . Its capital , Denpasar , is located in the southern part of the island . With a population of 3,890,757 in the 2010 census , and 4,225,000 as of January 2014 , the island is home to most of Indonesia 's Hindu minority . According to the 2010 Census , 83.5 % of Bali 's population adhered to Balinese Hinduism , followed by 13.4 % Muslim , Christianity at 2.5 % , and Buddhism 0.5 % . Bali is a popular tourist destination , which has seen a significant rise in tourists since the 1980s . Tourism-related business makes up 80 % of its economy . It is renowned for its highly developed arts , including traditional and modern dance , sculpture , painting , leather , metalworking , and music . The Indonesian International Film Festival is held every year in Bali . In March 2017 , TripAdvisor named the island the world 's top destination in its Traveler 's choice award . Bali is part of the Coral Triangle , the area with the highest biodiversity of marine species . In this area alone over 500 reef building coral species can be found . For comparison , this is about 7 times as many as in the entire Caribbean . Most recently , Bali was the host of the 2011 ASEAN Summit , 2013 APEC and Miss World 2013 . Bali is the home of the Subak Irrigation System , a UNESCO World Heritage Site .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "0f2a0936090523f50bed12701c3ac77c", "text": "Water privatisation in Jakarta Water privatisation in Jakarta began when the British water company Thames Water entered into an agreement with the son of then-President Suharto in 1993 to obtain a water concession . Under the influence of the French water company Suez , however , the government decided to split the city 's service area between the two companies . The government awarded Thames Water and Suez each a concession for one half of the city without competitive bidding . The contracts foresaw water charge increases that would allow the companies to earn a comfortable 22 percent rate of return . However , only two months after the contracts were signed , the Indonesian rupiah massively lost in value due to the East Asian financial crisis , and President Suharto was toppled . The concessions survived , but the government imposed a tariff freeze and the contracts had to be renegotiated to reduce their targets . In 2006 Suez sold half and Thames Water all its shares to Indonesian investors . The main targets of the concession were to increase service coverage from an initial 46 percent and to reduce water losses from 61 percent . The original target of the concessions was to reach 75 percent service coverage in 2008 and 100 percent at the end of the concession . They also aimed to reduce water losses to 25 percent by 2008 and 20 percent by the end of the concession . These targets were substantially loosened during the renegotiations : The new 2008 targets were 68 percent for service coverage and 42 percent for water losses . In 2008 service coverage reached only 64 percent and water losses were reduced to only 50 percent . During the same period , water tariffs increased threefold . This increase was partly due to increases in the cost of electricity and bulk water purchases which are passed through by the private companies to the customers . On 24 March 2015 the Central Jakarta District Court ruled the privatisation of Jakarta 's water was illegal and ordered the return of the water system to public control . The court noted that the private operators were `` negligent in fulfilling the human right to water for Jakarta 's residents . '' The government of Indonesia and the private operators lodged an appeal against the court decision . The government , which wants to attract private infrastructure investment , has not made any preparations to buy back the concessions , which remain in place pending a final court decision .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "22ea888b3c48ce405442d742e12ca6f5", "text": "History of Bogor The History of Bogor includes various rulers leading up to the development of the densely populated Indonesian city of Bogor . The City of Bogor ( Indonesian : Kota Bogor ) was once the capital of Sunda Kingdom ( Indonesian : Kerajaan Sunda ) and was known as Pakuan Pajajaranknown . When the Dutch took over , the town was included in an administrative division known as Buitenzorg during the Dutch East Indies era . After independence , the city became part of the Bogor Regency . It has its history reflected in its architecture which includes buildings from the colonial , modern , post-modern , and contemporary periods . Bogor is located south of Jakarta on the island of Java , Indonesia . It is known for its Bogor Palace , Bogor Botanical Garden . The kujang is a traditional weapon of the Sundanese people and is paid tribute by the Kujang Monument . Buitenzorg was connected to Jakarta by rail in 1872 . The town was the capital of an assistant-residency . As of 1894 , principal buildings included the Bogor Cathedral , a mosque , a regent 's mission , barracks , a prison ( built 1848 ) , a bathouse , a Bogor Botanical Garden ( laid out in 1817 by Van de Capellen ) and the country palace of the governor-general . Bogor is home to Bogor Agricultural University .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "016c5c2227af80e3326c077d9651352c", "text": "Kuta South South Kuta ( Indonesian : Kecamatan Kuta Selatan ) is a district within Badung Regency of Bali . It covers 101.13 km2 and home to 116,143 people as of 2010 Census , like other places in the regency , it has seen tremendous population growth , and basically covers Jimbaran and everything to the south ( Bukit Peninsula ) . To the north is Kuta District , and the south is Indian Ocean . It contains six villages , namely Pecatu with Uluwatu in it , Ungasan , Kutuh , Benoa , Tanjung Benoa and upmarket Nusa Dua , and Jimbaran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19bf7ec89d7ab434fd68fea1ddb009f5", "text": "Colonial architecture of Indonesia Dutch colonial architecture in Indonesia were built across the archipelago that once was known as Dutch East Indies . Most of the better and permanent colonial era structures were located in Java and Sumatra , which economically were considered more important during the Dutch imperial period . As a result , there are more surviving colonial buildings in the two island . Plenty of old VOC era forts and warehouses are scattered throughout the archipelago , particularly around Maluku Islands and Sulawesi", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c091ffeee94938631a6436676295438", "text": "Kubutambahan, Buleleng Kubutambahan is a district ( kecamatan ) in the regency of Buleleng Timur ( east ) in northern Bali Provinsi ( Province ) , Indonesia . It contains a number of notable temples such as Pura Meduwe Karang which have been painted in recent years . Buleleng Buparti or Regent Media Releases have also mentioned the development of multimillion USD international airport construction for 2013 and an expectation that 50 million visitors to Bali .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "696bf3474f77dbc0c149468deae675b2", "text": "Lombok Lombok is an island in West Nusa Tenggara province , Indonesia . It forms part of the chain of the Lesser Sunda Islands , with the Lombok Strait separating it from Bali to the west and the Alas Strait between it and Sumbawa to the east . It is roughly circular , with a `` tail '' ( Sekotong Peninsula ) to the southwest , about 70 km across and a total area of about 4,514 km ² . The provincial capital and largest city on the island is Mataram . It is somewhat similar in size and density with neighboring Bali and shares some cultural heritage , but is administratively part of Nusa Tenggara Barat along with sparsely populated Sumbawa . It is surrounded by a number of smaller islands locally called Gili . The island was home to some 3.17 million Indonesians as recorded in the decennial 2010 census ; the latest estimate ( for January 2014 ) gives the population as 3,311,044 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddf9edd40ecaef2208c0f1c04dd2a08f", "text": "Embassy of Indonesia, Bangkok Embassy of Indonesia , Bangkok ( Kedutaan Besar Republik Indonesia di Bangkok สถานเอกอัครราชทูตประเทศอินโดนีเซียประจำประเทศไทย ) , a diplomatic mission of the Republic of Indonesia to the Kingdom of Thailand and concurrently accredited to the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific ( UNESCAP ) , is located at 600-602 Petchburi Road , Ratchadapisek , Ratchathewi District of Bangkok . The first Indonesian overseas mission in Bangkok was opened as the Indonesian Office ( INDOFF ) in 1947 , which was promoted to Legation in 1949 , and later Embassy in 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "215151346265abb6acd74c230dbdc6cb", "text": "Bantul Regency Bantul ( -LSB- ˈbantʊl -RSB- ) is a regency located in the Yogyakarta Special Region , Indonesia . The regency 's population was 911,503 at the 2010 Census , but has risen to 947,568 according to the latest ( January 2014 ) official estimate . Like many regencies on the island of Java , it is densely populated with roughly 1,865 people per square kilometre , although this is largely because the north of the regency partly surrounds the city of Yogyakarta and contains many suburban communities . The regency is bordered by the city of Yogyakarta to the north , the regencies of Kulon Progo and Sleman to the west , the Gunung Kidul Regency to the east and the Indian Ocean to the south . The town of Bantul is the administrative centre . The village Kemusuk in the Sedayu district in the regency is the birthplace of former Indonesian President , Suharto .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5347cfab962d7325ae05f16e43e67bc", "text": "Bali, Baghpat district Bali is a village in Uttar Pradesh , India . It is located in the Baghpat block of the Baghpat district .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f1582f10c2a0c2e55b9f61d25803709", "text": "Tourist village (Indonesia) In Indonesia , a tourist village ( desa wisata ) is a village officially designated as one that welcomes tourism . In the Special Region of Yogyakarta ( which includes the Sleman Regency ) , the concept was embraced around 2000 with dozens of villages being dubbed as tourist villages . According to a 2009 report in The Jakarta Post there were 48 tourist villages listed in Yogyakarta , though only ten were actually operating as such , including : Kebonagung , Manding , Krebet , Kasongan ( Bantul ) , Trumpon , Turgo , Ketingan , Brayut , Gamplong ( Sleman ) and Bobung ( Gunungkidul ) . The designation as a `` tourist village '' may not mean that the village is actually developed for tourism , but that it is believed the potential for tourism exists . Nearby Mount Merapi helped encourage a number of villages to be named tourist villages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0693946f7351d0ae866d69be13e4fc8f", "text": "Karanganyar Regency Karanganyar Regency is a regency in the Indonesian province of Central Java . Its capital is Karanganyar .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea0b0f5a5f642e596fe6436a8608e62b", "text": "Semarajaya Museum The Semarajaya Museum is a museum located in Klungkung on Bali , Indonesia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3deb397dfc356bf8eed329e0a332f4e", "text": "Soekarno–Hatta International Airport Soekarno -- Hatta International Airport ( Bandar Udara Internasional Soekarno -- Hatta ) , abbreviated SHIA or Soetta , is the primary airport serving the Greater Jakarta area on the island of Java in Indonesia . Named after the first president and vice-president of Indonesia , Soekarno and Mohammad Hatta , the airport is located at Benda , Tangerang , approximately 20 km northwest of central Jakarta . Due to its proximity to the neighbourhood of Cengkareng in West Jakarta , the airport is also known as Cengkareng Airport , with the assigned three-letter IATA designator : `` CGK '' . The airport is the busiest and the largest airport in Indonesia , as well as being the busiest in the southern hemisphere . According to air travel intelligence company OAG , the airport ranked as the 7th most connected airport in the world & ranked 1st as ` megahub ' airport in Asia-Pacific region as per connectivity index , ahead of Japan 's Tokyo Haneda Airport and Australia 's Sydney Airport . The airport commenced domestic operations in 1985 replacing the old over capacity Kemayoran Airport . The airport was expanded by 1991 to replace Halim Perdanakusuma International Airport for international flights , with Halim only having been commissioned as a temporary solution until Soekarno -- Hatta was completed . Kemayoran Airport has since been demolished and is now a residential area . Halim still serves charter , VIP , and private flights , and re-opened as Jakarta 's second commercial airport for domestic flights to relieve Soekarno -- Hatta which is running over capacity , due to the rapid growth of airline travel in Indonesia . The airport often struggles to accommodate all flights at its current limit of 72 aircraft movements per hour . Although over capacity , after a survey from April 23 to May 3 the Airport Council International ( ACI ) stated on May 4 2012 that Soekarno -- Hatta International Airport is being operated safely . The two existing runways suffer from pavement and strength issues , which limits the airport 's capacity to serve large aircraft.To reduce congestion & to achieve a target to handle 100 flights/hour , works for a 3rd runway is currently going on , which is expected to open in 2018 . Upgrading of existing two runways are almost completed for safe operation & accommodation of wide-bodied aircraft at the airport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b6f27b734cf015678d69d9ca679e760a", "text": "Plaza Indonesia Plaza Indonesia is located in central Jakarta and is often referred to as `` PI '' . Plaza Indonesia opened its doors in mid 1990 . It is located on the corner of Jakarta 's The Selamat Datang ( Welcome ) Statue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70a037b476bbec2149d6d2294ec68961", "text": "Politics of Indonesia The Politics of Indonesia take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic , whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government , and of a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two People 's Representative Councils . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . The 1945 constitution provided for a limited separation of executive , legislative and judicial power . The governmental system has been described as `` presidential with parliamentary characteristics . '' Following the Indonesian riots of May 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto , several political reforms were set in motion via amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia , which resulted in changes to all branches of government .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21341ddcc5bcaaf0a7d9309506aabe70", "text": "Aceh Aceh ( -LSB- ˈɑːtʃeɪ -RSB- ) ; ( Acehnese : Acèh ( -LSB- - aceʔaˈtɕɛh -RSB- ) ; Jawi : ; Dutch : Atjeh or Acheh ; Indonesian : Provinsi Aceh ) is a special region of Indonesia . The territory is located at the northern end of Sumatra . Its capital is Banda Aceh . It is close to the Andaman and Nicobar Islands of India and separated from them by the Andaman Sea . It has the highest proportion of Muslims in Indonesia , who mostly live according to Sharia customs and laws . There are 10 indigenous ethnic groups in this region , the largest being the Acehnese people , accounting for approximately 80 % to 90 % of the region 's population . Aceh is thought to have been the place where the spread of Islam in Indonesia began , and was a key factor of the spread of Islam in Southeast Asia . Islam reached Aceh ( Kingdoms of Fansur and Lamuri ) around 1250 AD . In the early seventeenth century the Sultanate of Aceh was the most wealthy , powerful and cultivated state in the Malacca Straits region . Aceh has a history of political independence and resistance to control by outsiders , including the former Dutch colonists and the Indonesian government . Aceh has substantial natural resources of oil and natural gas with some estimates that Aceh gas reserves are one of the largest in the world . Relative to most of Indonesia , it is a religiously conservative area . Aceh was the closest point of land to the epicenter of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami , which devastated much of the western coast of the province . Approximately 170,000 Indonesians were killed or went missing in the disaster . The disaster helped precipitate the peace agreement between the government of Indonesia and the Free Aceh Movement ( GAM ) . Aceh was first known as Aceh Darussalam ( 1511 -- 1959 ) and then later as the Daerah Istimewa Aceh ( 1959 -- 2001 ) , Nanggroë Aceh Darussalam ( 2001 -- 2009 ) and Aceh ( 2009 -- present ) . Past spellings of Aceh include Acheh , Atjeh , and Achin .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59580e567363aa3e4ac83a372151b07e", "text": "Metro Manila Metropolitan Manila ( Kalakhang Maynila , Kamaynilaan ) , commonly known as Metro Manila or simply Manila , is the official and administrative definition of the urban area surrounding the Philippine capital city , Manila . It is the capital region of the Philippines , the seat of government , and the 2nd most populous and most densely populated region of the country . Also officially known as the National Capital Region ( NCR ) , it is composed of the City of Manila , Quezon City , the country 's most populous city , and the cities of Caloocan , Las Piñas , Makati , Malabon , Mandaluyong , Marikina , Muntinlupa , Navotas , Parañaque , Pasay , Pasig , San Juan , Taguig , and Valenzuela , including the only remaining municipality of Pateros . The National Capital Region , with an area of 619.5 km2 , has a population of , making it the second most populous region in the Philippines , as well as the 9th most populous metropolitan area in Asia . The total urbanized area , referring to its continuous urban expansion into the provinces of Bulacan , Cavite , Laguna , Rizal and Batangas , was listed as having a population of by Demographia , making it the 4th most populous urban area in the world . These 5 provinces , plus Metro Manila and Pampanga , sum to 30.7 million residents as of the newly counted census of 2015 . The region is the center of culture , economy , education and government of the Philippines . NCR is one of the 12 defined metropolitan areas in the Philippines according to the National Economic and Development Authority . Designated as a global power city , NCR exerts a significant impact on commerce , finance , media , art , fashion , research , technology , education , and entertainment , both locally and internationally . It is the home to all the consulates and embassies in the Philippines , thereby making it an important center for international diplomacy in the country . Its economic power makes the region the country 's premier center for finance and commerce . NCR accounts for 37.2 % of the gross domestic product of the Philippines . The region was established in 1975 through Presidential Decree No. 824 in response to the needs to sustain the growing population and for the creation for the center of political power and the seat of the Government of the Philippines . The Province of Manila , the predecessor entity of the region , is one of the first eight provinces that revolted against the Spanish colonial rule in the Philippines at the end of the 19th century . Manila 's role in the Revolution is honoured in the Flag of the Philippines , where the sun 's eight rays symbolise the eight revolutionary provinces .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcee76e7223303df271a7f20c4b812d8", "text": "Mojokerto Regency Mojokerto Regency is a regency in East Java province . It is part of the Surabaya metropolitan area ( known as Gerbangkertosusila ) which comprises Gresik Regency , Bangkalan Regency , Mojokerto Regency , Mojokerto City , Surabaya City , Sidoarjo Regency , and Lamongan Regency . It covers an area of 717.83 sq. km ( excluding the independent city of Mojokerto ) . The population of the Regency was 908,004 in 2000 , but had risen to 1,025,443 at the 2010 Census ; the latest official estimate ( as at 2014 ) is 1,054,248 . Many of them earn their living as small farmers and craftsmen ( consisting shoemakers , furniture makers , and souvenir makers ) . The administrative capital is the city of Mojokerto , which has since 1999 been independent of the regency which surrounds it .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d6e2d8df2db2beb2f27efd63d4c28de", "text": "South Lampung Regency South Lampung ( Lampung Selatan ) is a regency of Lampung , Sumatra , Indonesia , a strip of land surrounding the provincial capital of Bandar Lampung on its northern and eastern sides , and bounded to the west by the new Pesawaran Regency and to the south by the Sunda Strait ; as such it is a major transit corridor to/from Java island . It has an area of 2,109.74 km2 , and a population at the 2010 Census of 909,989 ; the latest official estimate ( as at January 2014 ) is 956,126 . The capital lies at Kalianda . The regency has seen a population influx as migrants escape the crushing population densities and everyday struggles of living in the massive urban paralysis of Greater Jakarta , its along with Bandar Lampung 's character is increasingly reflecting the cosmopolitan makeup of Jakartans rather than the surrounds of a typical provincial capital and hinterland . This has resulted in flaring of ethnic tensions , including rioting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "33c0674e82a4148f8678472854544ffe", "text": "Bengkulu (city) Bengkulu City ( Kota Bengkulu English historic name : Bencoolen , Dutch historic : Benkulen or Benkoelen ) is a city on the west coast of Sumatra in Indonesia . It had a population of 308,756 at the 2010 Census , the latest estimate ( for January 2014 ) is 328,827 . The city is the capital and largest city of Bengkulu Province .", "title": "" } ]
fever
6bea6a64c2b6b7e39ca1306643cd25e8
Nikola Tesla didn't receive an education in physics.
[ { "docid": "832c780ef36c74e83c4884a4401d524f", "text": "Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla ( Никола Тесла 10 July 1856 -- 7 January 1943 ) was a Serbian-American inventor , electrical engineer , mechanical engineer , physicist , and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current ( AC ) electricity supply system . Born and raised in the Austrian Empire , Tesla received an advanced education in engineering and physics in the 1870s and gained practical experience in the early 1880s working in telephony and at Continental Edison in the new electric power industry . He emigrated to the United States in 1884 , where he would become a naturalized citizen . He worked for a short time at the Edison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own . With the help of partners to finance and market his ideas , Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices . His alternating current ( AC ) induction motor and related polyphase AC patents , licensed by Westinghouse Electric in 1888 , earned him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system which that company would eventually market . Attempting to develop inventions he could patent and market , Tesla conducted a range of experiments with mechanical oscillators/generators , electrical discharge tubes , and early X-ray imaging . He also built a wireless-controlled boat , one of the first ever exhibited . Tesla became well known as an inventor and would demonstrate his achievements to celebrities and wealthy patrons at his lab , and was noted for his showmanship at public lectures . Throughout the 1890s , Tesla would pursue his ideas for wireless lighting and worldwide wireless electric power distribution in his high-voltage , high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs . In 1893 , he made pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices . Tesla tried to put these ideas to practical use in his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower project , an intercontinental wireless communication and power transmitter , but ran out of funding before he could complete it . After Wardenclyffe , Tesla went on to try and develop a series of inventions in the 1910s and 1920s with varying degrees of success . Having spent most of his money , he lived in a series of New York hotels , leaving behind unpaid bills . The nature of his earlier work and the pronouncements he made to the press later in life earned him the reputation of an archetypal `` mad scientist '' in American popular culture . Tesla died in New York City in January 1943 . His work fell into relative obscurity following his death , but in 1960 , the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor . There has been a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla since the 1990s .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "c25ae38f43e5e905f5633e3c755f2944", "text": "Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study ( IAS ) in Princeton , New Jersey , in the United States , is an independent , postdoctoral research center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry founded in 1930 by American educator Abraham Flexner , together with philanthropists Louis Bamberger and Caroline Bamberger Fuld . The IAS is perhaps best known as the academic home of Albert Einstein , Hermann Weyl , John von Neumann and Kurt Gödel , after their immigration to the United States . Although it is close to and collaborates with Princeton University , Rutgers University , and other nearby institutions , it is independent and does not charge tuition or fees . Flexner 's guiding principle in founding the Institute was the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake . There are no degree programs or experimental facilities at the Institute . Research is never contracted or directed ; it is left to each individual researcher to pursue their own goals . Established during the rise of European fascism , the IAS played a key role in the transfer of intellectual capital from Europe to America and soon acquired a reputation at the pinnacle of academic and scientific life -- a reputation it has retained . It is supported entirely by endowments , grants , and gifts , and is one of the eight American mathematics institutes funded by the National Science Foundation . It is the model for the other eight members of the consortium Some Institutes for Advanced Study . The institute consists of four schools -- Historical Studies , Mathematics , Natural Sciences , and Social Sciences ; there is also a program in theoretical biology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd283beb60d9a33aeafe6b11abf2f77e", "text": "Milan Kurepa Milan V. Kurepa ( 1933 -- 2000 ) was a renowned Serbian atomic physicist . Kurepa was born on 1 May 1933 in town of Bačka Palanka , Vojvodina , Serbia . In 1956 , he began his working at the Vinca Nuclear Institute in Belgrade . Kurepa graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Mathematics under Aleksandar Milojević , and later electrical engineering in the United Kingdom , under J. D. Craggs . His thesis topic was slow electron scattering off atoms and molecules . Kurepa then joined the University of Belgrade physics department as an assistant professor . He became a professor in 1981 and continued in that position until his retirement in 1998 . Kurepa often worked at Universities abroad , including Germany and the UK . Kurepa 's pedagogical work at the undergraduate and graduate levels was highly valued . He was a coauthor of 12 university and 4 high-school textbooks . In 1964 , Kurepa joined the newly founded Institute of Physics at the University of Belgrade as a research scientist . There , he started the Atomic Physics Laboratory . Due primarily to Kurepa 's leadership , the Atomic Physics Laboratory gained an international reputation in the field of electron collisions with atoms or molecules . At present , about a dozen of Kurepa 's students are scientists and professors at leading universities in Australia , Belgium , the UK , France , Germany , Slovenia , Sweden , and the United States . He was an outstanding organizer , coordinating numerous domestic and international conferences . He served as president of many Yugoslavian academic institutions . In 1994 , Kurepa was elected the corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts . During the isolation of Yugoslavian scientists from the rest of the world due to United Nations sanctions , Kurepa organized a very successful meeting of SANU in 1997 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the electron . Kurepa fought for democracy in Yugoslavia . A vigorous adversary of Slobodan Milosevic 's regime , Kurepa founded in 1997 the Association of University Professors and Scientists , with the principal aim of fighting for the recovery of basic university freedoms in Serbia . He was AUPR 's first president . The association has been especially active since 1998 , when the University Act was introduced to abolish the autonomy of Serbian universities . AUPR has organized protest meetings at Serbian universities , published statements regarding university autonomy and freedom of opinion , appealed to international academic associations for intervention with the Serbian government , and engaged in similar activities . During the 2000 electoral campaign , Kurepa traveled around Serbia with the students ' movement Otpor ! . Otpor awarded him a certificate , acknowledging him as `` the most resistive professor . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5af2813ee3208d3245d783b2ef03ca09", "text": "The Quantum Vacuum: An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics The Quantum Vacuum : An Introduction to Quantum Electrodynamics is a physics textbook authored by Peter W. Milonni in 1993 . The book provides a careful and thorough treatment of zero-point energy , spontaneous emission , the Casimir , van der Waals forces , Lamb shift and anomalous magnetic moment of the electron at a level of detail not found in other introductory texts to quantum electrodynamics . The first chapter , Zero‐Point Energy in Early Quantum Theory , was originally published in 1991 in the American Journal of Physics . In 2008 Milonni received the Max Born Award `` For exceptional contributions to the fields of theoretical optics , laser physics and quantum mechanics , and for dissemination of scientific knowledge through authorship of a series of outstanding books '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7fb0928d9514372d72aec399b19c7fe", "text": "Scientific theory A scientific theory is an explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can , in accordance with the scientific method , be repeatedly tested , using a predefined protocol of observations and experiments . Established scientific theories have withstood rigorous scrutiny and are a comprehensive form of scientific knowledge . It is important to note that the definition of a `` scientific theory '' ( often ambiguously contracted to `` theory '' for the sake of brevity , including in this page ) as used in the disciplines of science is significantly different from the common vernacular usage of the word `` theory '' . Per NAS 2008 : `` The formal scientific definition of theory is quite different from the everyday meaning of the word . It refers to a comprehensive explanation of some aspect of nature that is supported by a vast body of evidence . '' In everyday non-scientific speech , `` theory '' can imply that something is an unsubstantiated and speculative guess , conjecture , idea , or , hypothesis ; such a usage is the opposite of the word `` theory '' in science . These different usages are comparable to the differing , and often opposing , usages of the term `` prediction '' in science versus `` prediction '' in vernacular speech , denoting a mere hope . The strength of a scientific theory is related to the diversity of phenomena it can explain . As additional scientific evidence is gathered , a scientific theory may be rejected or modified if it does not fit the new empirical findings ; in such circumstances , a more accurate theory is then desired . In certain cases , the less-accurate unmodified scientific theory can still be treated as a theory if it is useful ( due to its sheer simplicity ) as an approximation under specific conditions ( e.g. , Newton 's laws of motion as an approximation to special relativity at velocities that are small relative to the speed of light ) . Scientific theories are testable and make falsifiable predictions . They describe the causal elements responsible for a particular natural phenomenon , and are used to explain and predict aspects of the physical universe or specific areas of inquiry ( e.g. , electricity , chemistry , astronomy ) . Scientists use theories as a foundation to gain further scientific knowledge , as well as to accomplish goals such as inventing technology or curing disease . As with other forms of scientific knowledge , scientific theories are both deductive and inductive in nature and aim for predictive power and explanatory capability . Paleontologist , evolutionary biologist , and science historian Stephen Jay Gould said , `` ... facts and theories are different things , not rungs in a hierarchy of increasing certainty . Facts are the world ′ s data . Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eba628a5fdc6adeb71621e51a7616d2", "text": "Treatise on Natural Philosophy Treatise on Natural Philosophy was an 1867 text book by William Thomson ( later Lord Kelvin ) and Peter Guthrie Tait , published by Oxford University Press . The Treatise was often referred to as T and T '' ' , as explained by Alexander Macfarlane : Maxwell had facetiously referred to Thomson as T and Tait as T ' . Hence the Treatise on Natural Philosophy came to be commonly referred to as T and T '' ' in conversation with mathematicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e859a91923f5bd9756ab50a773155a6", "text": "Heisenberg's microscope Heisenberg 's microscope exists only as a thought experiment , one that was proposed by Werner Heisenberg , criticized by his mentor Niels Bohr , and subsequently served as the nucleus of some commonly held ideas , and misunderstandings , about Quantum Mechanics . In particular , it provided an argument for the uncertainty principle on the basis of the principles of classical optics . Recent theoretical and experimental developments have argued that Heisenberg 's intuitive explanation of his mathematical result are misleading . While the act of measurement does lead to uncertainty , the loss of precision is less than that predicted by Heisenberg 's argument when measured at the level of an individual state . The formal mathematical result remains valid , however , and the original intuitive argument has also been vindicated mathematically when the notion of disturbance is expanded to be independent of any specific state .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f41ca45d2f2e68746c5b6e808c2dba0e", "text": "Vsevolod Frederiks Vsevolod Konstantinovich Frederiks ( or Fréedericksz ; Всеволод Константинович Фредерикс -LSB- ˈvʲsʲɛvəɫəd fʲrʲɪdʲɪˈrʲiks -RSB- ; April 29 , 1885 , Warsaw -- January 6 , 1944 , Gorkiy ) was a Russian/Soviet physicist . His primary contribution to physics was in the field of liquid crystals . The Frederiks transition was named after him . After high school Frederiks attended Geneva University and for one semester attended the lectures of Paul Langevin in Paris . After defending his thesis and obtaining his PhD , Fredericks decided to continue his studies at Göttingen University . He was there for more than eight years , and with the outbreak of World War I he became a civil prisoner . During that period he became personal assistant to David Hilbert . In the summer of 1918 Frederiks returned to Russia , and worked at the Institute of Physics and Biophysics in Moscow . In 1919 he became a lecturer at the University of Petrograd . He was arrested by the NKVD in 1937 , and although released before the war he died before reaching home .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38eb4acc0a936013dbf6cff77668ffbe", "text": "Old quantum theory The old quantum theory is a collection of results from the years 1900 -- 1925 which predate modern quantum mechanics . The theory was never complete or self-consistent , but was a set of heuristic prescriptions which are now understood to be the first quantum corrections to classical mechanics . The Bohr model was the focus of study , and Arnold Sommerfeld made a crucial contribution by quantizing the z-component of the angular momentum , which in the old quantum era was called space quantization ( Richtungsquantelung ) . This allowed the orbits of the electron to be ellipses instead of circles , and introduced the concept of quantum degeneracy . The theory would have correctly explained the Zeeman effect , except for the issue of electron spin . The main tool was Bohr -- Sommerfeld quantization , a procedure for selecting out certain discrete set of states of a classical integrable motion as allowed states . These are like the allowed orbits of the Bohr model of the atom ; the system can only be in one of these states and not in any states in between .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b547469afb917c4a7bc7e9673ad3f406", "text": "A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism is a two-volume treatise on electromagnetism written by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873 . Maxwell was revising the Treatise for a second edition when he died in 1879 . The revision was completed by William Davidson Niven for publication in 1881 . A third edition was prepared by J. J. Thomson for publication in 1892 . According to one historian , The Treatise was notoriously hard to read ; it teemed with ideas but lacked the clear focus and orderly presentation that might have enabled it to win converts more readily . Rather than simply expounding his own system , Maxwell had set out to write a comprehensive treatise on electrical science , and so he had allowed his own new distinctive ideas , notably that of the displacement current , to be almost buried under long accounts of miscellaneous phenomena discussed from several points of view . Except for a fuller treatment of the Faraday effect ( in which he again invoked the molecular vortices ) , Maxwell added little to his earlier work on the electromagnetic theory of light ; he said nothing , for example , about how electromagnetic waves might be generated , nor did he attempt to derive laws governing reflection and refraction . Maxwell introduced the use of vector fields , and his labels have been perpetuated : A ( vector potential ) , B ( magnetic induction ) , C ( electric current ) , D ( displacement ) , E ( electric field -- Maxwell 's electromotive intensity ) , F ( mechanical force ) , H ( magnetic field -- Maxwell 's magnetic force ) . Maxwell 's work is considered an exemplar of rhetoric of science : Lagrange 's equations appear in the Treatise as the culmination of a long series of rhetorical moves , including ( among others ) Green 's theorem , Gauss 's potential theory and Faraday 's lines of force -- all of which have prepared the reader for the Lagrangian vision of a natural world that is whole and connected : a veritable sea change from Newton 's vision .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "401041c4526d780a6c4cecbed50c0293", "text": "Helmholtz Institute Jena The Helmholtz Institute Jena was founded as an outstation of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung on June 25 , 2009 and is located on the campus of the Friedrich Schiller University ( FSU ) in the city of Jena , Germany . Its purpose is to unite the research activities of the FSU in the fields of high intensity laser physics and x-ray spectroscopy with the expertise of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron ( DESY ) , GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf in the fields of accelerator physics , laser physics and x-ray technology . The research profile of the Helmholtz Institute Jena is focused on the physics occurring at the border between conventional particle-acceleration technology and the fast-evolving field of laser-induced particle acceleration . ( e.g. wakefield accelerator ) . It is concerned with advancing these new laser-induced accelerator concepts , as well as with the production and investigation of intense photon and particle beams , including their interaction with matter . Therefore the main activities of the institute are emphasized on the development of high intensity lasers , new concepts for laser-driven particle acceleration , x-ray spectroscopy and strong-field quantum electrodynamics , as well as on the physics of hot dense plasmas . Apart from that the Helmholtz Institute Jena aims to contribute to the further development of the research facilities at the Helmholtz center GSI , especially the future project FAIR ( Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research ) , and DESY with the free-electron laser ( FEL ) photon sources FLASH and XFEL ( European XFEL ) . In cooperation with the FSU Jena a completely diode-pumped laser system of the high energy petawatt class ( HEPW ) with the POLARIS laser is realized in the building of the Helmholtz Institute Jena . First measurements are done since 2008 . Due to the missing last amplifier stage the pulse strength of 1 PW could n't be reached yet . The graduate school `` Research School for Advanced Photon Science '' ( RS-APS ) was established at the Helmholtz Institute Jena in July 2012 . The RS-APS supports up to 25 PhD students and provides a structured graduation program in cooperation with facilities of the FSU Jena and the Helmholtz Graduate School for Hadron and Ion Research ( HGS-HIRe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87a85ce2231fc0f0b79574991b0d13cf", "text": "Victor Della-Vos Victor Karlovich Della-Vos ( 1829-1890 ) was a Russian educationalist and proponent of manual training . Della-Vos graduated from Moscow University in 1853 with a degree in physical and mathematical sciences and soon embarked on his teaching career . In 1858 he went to Paris to study machine tool manufacture . After also visiting London where he studied agricultural machinery he returned to Russia in 1864 to take up the post of professor of mechanics at the Petrovsky Academy . By 1868 he was appointed director of the Moscow Imperial Technical Academy . He became widely known for his combination of both theoretical and practical approaches to education . Following his participation in the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition in 1876 , his approach was taken up by John Runkle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Calvin Woodward of Washington University . This combination of tool and job analysis provided a basis of what would eventually become Taylorism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3cc75e736cb089204af0f9bce4c3379", "text": "List of Swedish inventors Swedish inventors are Swedish people who invented novel ideas , machines or tools . In the 18th century Sweden 's scientific revolution took off . Previously , technical progress had mainly come from professionals who had immigrated from mainland Europe . In 1739 , the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences was founded , with people such as Carl Linnaeus and Anders Celsius as early members . Sweden has a total of 33523 patents as of 2007 according to the United States Patent and Trademark Office , and only ten other countries have more patents than Sweden . Although a lot of patents can not count as inventions . Therefore , the number of patents per country is a relatively bad scale for measuring inventions that has been of progress to mankind . The traditional engineering industry is still a major source of Swedish inventions , but pharmaceuticals , electronics and other high-tech industries are gaining ground . A large portion of the Swedish economy is to this day based on the export of technical inventions , and many large multinational corporations from Sweden have their origins in the ingenuity of Swedish inventors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "674bc1dcb0bd2b0ac3b9058c2c593790", "text": "Essays on Philosophical Subjects Essays on Philosophical Subjects , by the Scottish economist Adam Smith , is a history of astronomy down to Smith 's own era , plus some thoughts on ancient physics and metaphysics . This work was published posthumously , in 1795 , using material which Adam Smith had intended to publish eventually but had not prepared at the time of his death in 1790 . This was done by his literary executors , two old friends from the Scottish academic world ; physicist/chemist Joseph Black and pioneering geologist James Hutton . A brief account of their work appears in a section entitled ` Advertisement by the Editors ' . The book consists of three distinct works : The History of Astronomy The History of the Ancient Physics The History of the Ancient Logics and Metaphysics The History of Astronomy is the largest of these and is thought to have been written in the 1750s , before Smith 's major works . The overall understanding is excellent , though the Glasgow Edition of 1976 includes some detailed criticism of his use of sources . But it also defends him for calling Newton a philosopher rather than a scientist ; the word ` scientist ' did not exist before 1839 . It is also interesting for containing Smith 's first mention of the invisible hand : For it may be observed , that in all Polytheistic religions , among savages , as well as in the early ages of antiquity , it is the irregular events of nature only that are ascribed to the agency and power of the gods . Fire burns , and water refreshes ; heavy bodies descend , and lighter substances fly upwards , by the necessity of their own nature ; nor was the invisible hand of Jupiter every apprehended to be employed in those matters . ( III .2 , page 49 of the Glasgow Edition . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6de4f91ca3e7020f71de195cea6f0da", "text": "Theoretical astronomy Theoretical astronomy is the use of the analytical models of physics and chemistry to describe astronomical objects and astronomical phenomena . Ptolemy 's Almagest , although a brilliant treatise on theoretical astronomy combined with a practical handbook for computation , nevertheless includes many compromises to reconcile discordant observations . Theoretical astronomy is usually assumed to have begun with Johannes Kepler ( 1571 -- 1630 ) , and Kepler 's laws . It is co-equal with observation . The general history of astronomy deals with the history of the descriptive and theoretical astronomy of the Solar System , from the late sixteenth century to the end of the nineteenth century . The major categories of works on the history of modern astronomy include general histories , national and institutional histories , instrumentation , descriptive astronomy , theoretical astronomy , positional astronomy , and astrophysics . Astronomy was early to adopt computational techniques to model stellar and galactic formation and celestial mechanics . From the point of view of theoretical astronomy , not only must the mathematical expression be reasonably accurate but it should preferably exist in a form which is amenable to further mathematical analysis when used in specific problems . Most of theoretical astronomy uses Newtonian theory of gravitation , considering that the effects of general relativity are weak for most celestial objects . The obvious fact is that theoretical astronomy can not ( and does not try ) to predict the position , size and temperature of every star in the heavens . Theoretical astronomy by and large has concentrated upon analyzing the apparently complex but periodic motions of celestial objects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ecbbd55839710187d5f54c6c15e05a32", "text": "Mechanics Mechanics ( Greek μηχανική ) is an area of science concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements , and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment . The scientific discipline has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes ( see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics ) . During the early modern period , scientists such as Khayaam , Galileo , Kepler , and Newton , laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics . It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light . It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "030df20e0efe61a0b1bb01bd5900461b", "text": "Leo Szilard Leo Szilard ( -LSB- ˈsɪlɑːrd -RSB- Szilárd Leó -LSB- ˈsila : rd ˈlɛo : -RSB- ; Leo Spitz until age 2 ; February 11 , 1898 -- May 30 , 1964 ) was a Hungarian-born physicist and inventor . He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933 , patented the idea of a nuclear reactor with Enrico Fermi , and in late 1939 wrote the letter for Albert Einstein 's signature that resulted in the Manhattan Project that built the atomic bomb . Szilard initially attended Palatine Joseph Technical University in Budapest , but his engineering studies were interrupted by service in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I . He left Hungary for Germany in 1919 , enrolling at Technische Hochschule ( Institute of Technology ) in Berlin-Charlottenburg , but became bored with engineering and transferred to Friedrich Wilhelm University , where he studied physics . He wrote his doctoral thesis on Maxwell 's demon , a long-standing puzzle in the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics . Szilard was the first to recognize the connection between thermodynamics and Information theory . In addition to the nuclear reactor , Szilard submitted patent applications for a linear accelerator in 1928 , and a cyclotron in 1929 . He also conceived the idea of an electron microscope . Between 1926 and 1930 , he worked with Einstein on the development of the Einstein refrigerator . After Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933 , Szilard urged his family and friends to flee Europe while they still could . He moved to England , where he helped found the Academic Assistance Council , an organization dedicated to helping refugee scholars find new jobs . While in England he discovered a means of isotope separation known as the Szilard -- Chalmers effect . Foreseeing another war in Europe , Szilard moved to the United States in 1938 , where he worked with Enrico Fermi and Walter Zinn on means of creating a nuclear chain reaction . He was present when this was achieved on December 2 , 1942 . He worked for the Manhattan Project 's Metallurgical Laboratory on aspects of nuclear reactor design . He drafted the Szilard petition advocating a demonstration of the atomic bomb , but the Interim Committee chose to use them against cities without warning . After the war , Szilard switched to biology . He invented the chemostat , discovered feedback inhibition , and was involved in the first cloning of a human cell . He publicly sounded the alarm against the possible development of salted thermonuclear bombs , a new kind of nuclear weapon that might annihilate mankind . Diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1960 , he underwent treatment using a cobalt-60 treatment that he had designed . He helped found the Salk Institute for Biological Studies , where he became a resident fellow . Szilard founded Council for a Livable World in 1962 to deliver `` the sweet voice of reason '' about nuclear weapons to Congress , the White House , and the American public . He died in his sleep of a heart attack in 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900c317f98dd3ae01a7fcb7a105b9d82", "text": "Seven Brief Lessons on Physics Seven Brief Lessons on Physics ( -LSB- : it : Sette brevi lezioni di fisica , Sette brevi lezioni di fisica -RSB- ) is a short book by the Italian physicist Carlo Rovelli . Originally published in Italian in 2014 , the book has been translated into 41 languages . It is an Italian bestseller , with more than 300,000 copies sold in Rovelli 's home country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eff7cbf3f444ea6400049073fe06e91c", "text": "IEEE Nikola Tesla Award The IEEE Nikola Tesla Award is a Technical Field Award given annually to an individual or team that has made an outstanding contribution to the generation or utilization of electric power . It is awarded by the Board of Directors of the IEEE . The award is named in honor of Nikola Tesla . This award may be presented to an individual or a team . The award was established in 1975 , and its first recipient was Leon T. Rosenberg , who was given the award in 1976 `` for his half-century of development and design of large steam turbine driven generators and his important contributions to literature . '' The actual award is a plaque and honorarium .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5fe54128c8677a386e1da3a2fee204f", "text": "Lebedev Physical Institute The Lebedev Physical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences ( LPI RAS ) ( in Физи́ческий институ́т имени П.Н.Ле́бедева Российской академии наук , situated in Moscow , is one of the leading Russian research institutes specializing in physics . It is also one of the oldest research institutions in Russia : its history dates back to a collection of physics equipment established by Peter the Great in the Kunstkamera of Saint Petersburg in 1714 . The institute was established in its present shape in 1934 by academician Sergey Vavilov . It moved to Moscow and was named after a prominent Russian physicist Pyotr Lebedev the same year . It is also known as Lebedev Institute of Physics or just Lebedev Institute . In Russian it is often referred to by the acronym FIAN standing for `` Physical Institute of the Academy of Sciences '' . The wide range of the research activities includes : laser technology , dark matter structure , nanostructures , superconductivity , cosmic rays , and gamma-astronomy . The institute developed a technique of crystallizing cubic zirconia ( which was called Fianit in Russia , named after FIAN ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40e1b8a43f4498366e9f941281788461", "text": "Faraday Lectureship Prize The Faraday Lectureship Prize , previously known simply as the Faraday Lectureship is awarded once every three years ( approximately ) by the Royal Society of Chemistry for `` exceptional contributions to physical or theoretical chemistry '' . Named after Michael Faraday , the first Faraday Lecture was given in 1869 , two years after Faraday 's death , by Jean-Baptiste Dumas . As of 2009 , the prize was worth # 5000 , with the recipient also receiving a medal and a certificate . As the name suggests , the recipient also gives a public lecture describing his or her work .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a6c0c93ed447258a7b65b559899e416c
Steven Zaillian won a Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement.
[ { "docid": "d83f9138bb3cd3ec7ad46ab0b2e95fc3", "text": "Steven Zaillian __ NOTOC __ Steven Ernest Bernard Zaillian ( born January 30 , 1953 ) is an Armenian-American screenwriter , director , film editor , producer , and founder of Film Rites , a film production company . He won an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award for his screenplay Schindler 's List ( 1993 ) and he has been nominated for Awakenings , Gangs of New York and Moneyball . He was also presented with the Distinguished Screenwriter Award at the 2009 Austin Film Festival and the Laurel Award for Screenwriting Achievement from the Writers Guild of America in 2011 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a1e6e12b53cf3ef3b8fd071621cd76b9", "text": "Varian's War Varian 's War ( aka Varian 's War : The Forgotten Hero ) is a 2001 joint Canadian/American/United Kingdom film made-for-television drama . The film was written and directed by Lionel Chetwynd , based on the life and wartime exploits of Varian Fry who saved more than 2,000 Jewish artists from occupied France . Varian 's War stars William Hurt , heading an all-star ensemble cast of Julia Ormond , Matt Craven , Maury Chaykin , Alan Arkin and Lynn Redgrave .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3de7d35a28153df4efe7573b757e1cd8", "text": "S. Craig Zahler S. Craig Zahler ( born January 23 , 1973 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , director , cinematographer and musician .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af", "text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e281575f6fafbbe0d986b0a578ecbd5a", "text": "Steven Hayward (Canadian writer) Steven Hayward is a Canadian novelist and short story writer . Born in Toronto , Hayward attended the University of Toronto and York University . His first book , Buddha Stevens and Other Stories , won the 2001 Upper Canada Writer 's Craft Award ; prior to that , the individual stories that would eventually make up this collection were nominated for the Pushcart and Journey prizes , won awards at the University of Greensboro , the University of Arkansas , and the University of Toronto , and had appeared in The Iowa Review , Writ , Exile , The Southwestern Review , Fiddlehead and Canadian Fiction Magazine . Amazon.ca describes Buddha Stevens and Other Stories as an `` intelligent , funny , and engaging volume of postmodern fictions deals with the essential elements of life : love , sex , age , and death . '' The review goes on to say , `` Unlike many postmodernists , however , Hayward sticks to very traditional plots and never hides his characters beneath layers of coy obscurity , proving that it is possible to tell a memorable story through an unusual , playful structure . '' Hayward holds a doctorate from York University in Shakespeare and Literary Theory . He taught from 2001 to 2008 at John Carroll University and currently is a professor of English at Colorado College and teaches on creative writing and fiction . His first novel , The Secret Mitzvah of Lucio Burke was published in Canada in February 2005 . The Italian translation won the Grinzane Cavour Prize for debut fiction in January 2006 . He has published nonfiction on film , literary theory , Renaissance drama , Canadian literature and The Sopranos . He is a member of the Cleveland East Side Writers group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55bb02ada04d62b0c0acac27ab14fe77", "text": "Paddy Chayefsky Sidney Aaron `` Paddy '' Chayefsky ( January 29 , 1923 -- August 1 , 1981 ) was an American playwright , screenwriter and novelist . He is the only person to have won three solo Academy Awards for Best Screenplay ( the other three-time winners , Francis Ford Coppola , Charles Brackett , Woody Allen and Billy Wilder , have all shared their awards with co-writers ) . He was considered one of the most renowned dramatists of the so-called Golden Age of Television . His intimate , realistic scripts provided a naturalistic style of television drama for the 1950s , and he was regarded as the central figure in the `` kitchen sink realism '' movement of American television . Martin Gottfried wrote in All His Jazz that Chayefsky `` was a successful writer , the most successful graduate of television 's slice of life school of naturalism . '' Following his critically acclaimed teleplays , Chayefsky continued to succeed as a playwright and novelist . As a screenwriter , he received three Academy Awards for Marty ( 1955 ) , The Hospital ( 1971 ) and Network ( 1976 ) . The movie Marty was based on his own television drama about two lonely people finding love . Network was his scathing satire of the television industry and The Hospital was also satiric . Film historian David Thomson called The Hospital `` years ahead of its time . -LSB- ... -RSB- Few films capture the disaster of America 's self-destructive idealism so well . '' His screenplay for Network is often regarded as his masterpiece , and has been hailed as `` the kind of literate , darkly funny and breathtakingly prescient material that prompts many to claim it as the greatest screenplay of the 20th century . '' Chayefsky 's early stories were frequently influenced by the author 's childhood in The Bronx . Chayefsky was part of the inaugural class of inductees into the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences ' Television Hall of Fame . He received this honor three years after his death , in 1984 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10595d7ce64cb52eb4152d90cc6680bb", "text": "Screenland Screenland was a monthly U.S. magazine about movies , published between September 1920 and June 1971 , when it merged with Silver Screen . In the September 1952 issue , the name changed to Screenland plus TV-Land . In was established in Los Angeles , California , with Myron Zobel as the editor in 1922 . Frederick James Smith became the editor in 1923 when it moved to Cooperstown , New York . One magazine-collector site credits , without attribution , one Paul Hunter , `` with rescuing Screenland magazine for John Cuneo back in 1932 . '' In October 1952 , Ned Pines ' Standard Magazines , an imprint of Pines Publications , purchased Silver Screen and Screenland from the Henry Publishing company . Pines announced in June 1954 that he was suspending publication with the August 1954 issue , citing production and distribution costs . The magazine continued publication through 1971 , however . In 1923 the magazine reported a love affair between Evelyn Brent and Douglas Fairbanks , resulting in legal threats , and a retraction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a", "text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b964a22cec95a2b63a32eb8075611418", "text": "Producers Guild of America Award The Producers Guild of America Award was originally established in 1990 by the Producers Guild of America as the Golden Laurel Awards , created by PGA Treasurer Joel Freeman with the support of Guild President Leonard Stern , in order to honor the visionaries who produce and execute motion picture and television product . The ceremony has been hosted each year by celebrity host/presenters , including Nick Clooney , Michael Douglas , Robert Guillaume , James Earl Jones , Jack Lemmon , Shirley MacLaine , Garry Marshall , Walter Matthau , Ronald Reagan , Marlo Thomas , Grant Tinker , and Ted Turner , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd14fde83f0af5ae1bdad70704a79212", "text": "Jeremy Pikser Jeremy Pikser is an award-winning screenwriter . Best known for Bulworth ( co-written with Warren Beatty ) , which was nominated for Academy , Golden Globe , and WGA Awards for best screenplay , and won the LA Film Critics Best Screenplay award for 1998 . Pikser got his start working as a `` special consultant '' and uncredited writer on the film Reds ( also with Beatty , and also nominated for an Academy Award for screenplay ) . He wrote The Lemon Sisters , starring Diane Keaton , Carol Kane , Elliott Gould , Kathryn Grody , and Ruben Blades , and War , Inc. ( co-written with Mark Leyner and John Cusack ) , starring Cusack , Marissa Tomei , Ben Kingsley , and Hilary Duff , which premiered at the 2008 Tribeca Film Festival in New York City . He was `` supervising writer '' for Pink Subaru , which opened at the Turin Film Festival in 2009 . Pikser teaches screenwriting at New York University in the Rita and Burton Goldberg department of dramatic writing at the Tisch School of the Arts , and is a regular advisor at the Sundance Screenwriters ' Lab . He is also an occasional contributor to The Huffington Post and he has commented on the writer 's strike and other subjects on The Guardian website Comment Is Free . Pikser cut his activist teeth at Oberlin College , where he was a leading opponent of the Vietnam War , and was one of the authors and organizers of the Not in Our Name Statement of Conscience opposing the US invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "447e5d8c0d6b75ffd3d492d9a01ca829", "text": "Jeffrey Lynn Jeffrey Lynn ( born Ragnar Godfrey Lind ; February 16 , 1909 -- November 24 , 1995 ) was an American stage-screen actor and film producer who worked primarily through the Golden Age of Hollywood establishing himself as one of the premier talents of his time . Throughout his acting career , both on stage and in film , he was typecast as `` the attractive , reliable love interest of the heroine , '' or `` the tall , stalwart hero . '' Born and raised in Massachusetts , he attended Bates College , before working as a teacher . He was tapped to act in his first film in 1938 , which convinced him to move to Hollywood , California . His second film -- Four Daughters ( 1938 ) -- propelled him into national fame sparking three squeals : Daughters Courageous ( 1939 ) , Four Wives ( 1939 ) and Four Mothers ( 1941 ) with Lynn reprising his role in each of them . He was at the center of the Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) screening controversy ; he was noted as the top contender to play Ashley Wilkes , however , the directer eventually chose Leslie Howard instead . Lynn was asked to join James Cagney and Humphrey Bogart in The Roaring Twenties ( 1939 ) , a gangster noir that garnered him critical praise . His success continued with such films as The Fighting 69th ( 1940 ) in which he portrayed poet-soldier Joyce Kilmer opposite Cagney , It All Came True ( 1940 ) , All This and Heaven Too ( 1940 ) and Million Dollar Baby ( 1941 ) . His movie career was put on hold for World War II draft , where he received a Bronze Star for his service as a in Italy and Austria as a combat intelligence captain . He returned to the screen in 1948 and was in the notably successful , A Letter to Three Wives ( 1949 ) , which went on to be nominated of best picture in the 1950 prime time Academy Awards . A year later he joined that cast of Home Town Story ( 1951 ) billed alongside Marilyn Monroe . His later film career credits include : BUtterfield 8 ( 1960 ) along with Elizabeth Taylor and Laurence Harvey , and Tony Rome ( 1967 ) with Frank Sinatra . Lynn also began to act on Broadway and was featured in such plays as Any Wednesday ( 1966 ) and Dinner at Eight ( 1967 ) . Later on in his career he found mixed critical success television starring in hit shows such as Robert Montgomery Presents , Your Show of Shows , My Son Jeep ( with young Martin Huston ) , and Lux Video Theatre . He died in November 1995 in Burbank , California from natural causes and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in the Hollywood Hills . Actor Jeffrey Lynn `` Jeff '' Goldblum is named in honor of Jeffrey Lynn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fa935102dd1cd74b1802212a0d9d7315", "text": "The Dream of a Ridiculous Man `` The Dream of a Ridiculous Man '' ( Сон смешного человека , Son smeshnovo cheloveka ) is a short story by Fyodor Dostoyevsky written in 1877 . It chronicles the experiences of a man who decides that there is nothing of any value in the world . Slipping into nihilism with the `` terrible anguish '' he is determined to commit suicide . A chance encounter with a young girl , however , begins the man on a journey that re-instills a love for his fellow man . It was first published in A Writer 's Diary . A BBC production called `` The Dream '' ( 1990 ) was adapted by Murray Watts from `` The Dream of a Ridiculous Man '' . `` The Dream '' is a monologue . The director was Norman Stone ( `` Shadowlands '' ) and it stars Jeremy Irons . There is a short animation movie adapted from the story by Aleksandr Petrov , also titled The Dream of a Ridiculous Man .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2e3e67872d8488dbe152790af97e1fe", "text": "Antidote Films For the Australian film distribution company , see Antidote Films ( Australia ) . Antidote Films , also known as Antidote International Films , Inc. , is an independent film production company founded by producer Jeff Levy-Hinte based in the Hudson Square neighborhood of New York City . In 2008 , Antidote completed several documentaries , including Soul Power and The Dungeon Masters , both of which premiered at the 2008 Toronto International Film Festival . Antidote produced Roman Polanski : Wanted and Desired , a documentary directed by Marina Zenovich , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize and winner of the Documentary Editing Award at the 2008 Sundance Film Festival , the film will be released domestically by HBO and internationally through The Weinstein Company . Prior to this , Antidote produced several narrative films until The Last Winter , when the company shifted its focus to documentary . Other Antidiote productions include the eco-horror thriller The Last Winter ; The Hawk Is Dying , adapted from Harry Crews ' novel and directed by Julian Goldberger ; Mysterious Skin , directed by Greg Araki ; and Thirteen , directed by Catherine Hardwicke . In 2003 Daily Variety announced Antidote 's plans for a film adaptation of the JT LeRoy novel ` Sarah ' , to be directed by Steven Shainberg . According to The New York Times , when Shainberg learned that JT LeRoy was a literary persona and that Laura Albert was the actual author of Sarah , he decided `` to make a ` meta-film , ' a triple-layered movie that would blend the novel with the lives of its real and purported authors in a project he took to calling ` Sarah Plus . ' '' The Times also reported that this new project `` required the rights to Laura Albert 's story , rights that she in no uncertain terms refused to grant . '' In June 2007 Antidote sued Albert for fraud , claiming that a contract signed with JT LeRoy to make a feature film of Sarah was null and void . After a Manhattan jury found Albert liable in monetary damages for the tort of fraud because she had signed her nom de plume to the movie contract , The New York Times noted that Jeffrey Levy-Hinte said , `` if Ms. Albert , who never made a fortune from her literary works , could not afford to pay the judgment , he might have to consider laying claim to the rights to her past and future books . '' Levy-Hinte 's chief lawyer insisted , `` Neither Jeff nor I want to ruin Laura Albert . We just want her to behave with a little more integrity . '' After an appeal , the damages awarded were reduced by settlement with Antidote in 2009 , and Laura Albert retained the rights to her books and her life story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349", "text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d93a4495c737a414ecf5d7c288cbaec8", "text": "Eugene Vale Eugene Vale ( 11 April 1916 -- 2 May 1997 ) was a best-selling American novelist . He was also a screenwriter , a playwright , and the author of an influential volume on screenwriting , titled `` The Technique of Screen & Television Writing '' . In this book Vale provided many rules for writing screenplays to include the admonition that the `` primary purpose of every film scene is to transition into the future '' - Start with a goal in the future , then you need a motivation for a future event , then you create an intention on the part of the actor or actors : throughout the script one must create smaller intentions drawing the viewer closer to the main intention . Writing novels Mr. Vale thought emotions where the main event - whether it be fear , laughter , compassion , hatred or empathy . This the arbiter against which every scene must be judged .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b817db0e00e057aca07ab7d8df8b56b2", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Robert Redford The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actor , director and producer Robert Redford . He was first nominated for an Academy Award in 1973 for his role as Johnny `` Kelly '' Hooker in The Sting . He then won Best Director in 1980 for Ordinary People . In 1994 , he was nominated twice for Best Picture and Best Director for Quiz Show . He has been nominated for seven Golden Globes , winning two for Inside Daisy Clover as New Star of the Year -- Actor ( 1965 ) , Ordinary People as Best Director ( 1980 ) , and won the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1994 . He was awarded the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 1995 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a755e4716b5b46db4a7c2d6a3db9a42f", "text": "Jackson Gillis Jackson Clark Gillis ( August 21 , 1916 -- August 19 , 2010 ) was an American radio and television scriptwriter whose career spanned more than 40 years and encompassed a wide range of genres . Gillis was born in Kalama , Washington to a highway engineer and a piano teacher . His family moved to California when he was a teenager . He attended California State University , Fresno , but transferred to Stanford University , where he earned his undergraduate degree in English in 1938 . He worked in England after graduating from college . After returning to the United States , he performed with the Barter Theatre in Virginia , together with Gregory Peck . George Bernard Shaw attended a performance of one of his plays , in which Gillis acted . Gillis received a note from Shaw that critiqued his exit , a postcard Gillis retained for decades . He enlisted in the United States Army and worked as an intelligence officer during World War II in the Pacific Theater . After completing his military service , Gillis moved to Los Angeles and took a job writing for radio shows , including the dramas The Whistler and Let George Do It . He moved into television scriptwriting and earned his first credit -- for an episode of Racket Squad , a series that starred Reed Hadley -- in 1952 . He wrote for The Adventures of Superman from 1953 to 1957 and also spent several years writing for Perry Mason and Lassie . His scriptwriting was prolific and varied , and over the years , he worked on shows such as Lost in Space , Hawaii Five-O , and Knight Rider . He wrote for the series Columbo , starring Peter Falk , from 1971 to 1992 . He also wrote a pair of detective novels , The Killers of Starfish and Chainsaw . After retiring from Hollywood in the 1990s , Gillis and his wife moved to Moscow , Idaho , to be near their daughter . Gillis was married to the former Patricia Cassidy , a fellow actor whom he met during his brief acting career at the Barter Theatre , until her death in 2003 . He died at age 93 on August 19 , 2010 , of pneumonia in Moscow , Idaho . His daughter recalled that her father watched little on television other than football , as `` he thought most of what was on TV was junk '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc240561f30d636cd333e045d84af385", "text": "Anthony Meindl Anthony Paul Meindl ( born January 14 , 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , stage and film actor , and founder and artistic director at the MetaTheatre Company and Anthony Meindl 's Actor Workshop in Los Angeles . The workshop has since expanded to locations in New York City , London , Sydney , Melbourne , and Vancouver . In the 1990s , Meindl played a character who was a genie named `` Hard Hat Harry '' in a number of video cassettes and DVDs aimed at introducing children to trucks , cars , construction vehicles , and others ( usually using the name `` Anthony Paul '' ) . He worked and lived in New York in the early 1990s and moved to Los Angeles in 1997 . He has been in many commercials for products and companies including Diet Coke , Philips Electronics , Bank of America , Nissan , Michelob Lite , Sears , Acura , Del Taco , Mervyns , and Behr Paint . He has also appeared in non-Broadway stage productions of Titus Andronicus , Merrily We Roll Along , and the LA Weekly Award-nominated Cabaret . He is openly gay . His film credits are almost exclusively gay-related , including the 1997 gay-themed drama David Searching , the 1998 gay-themed drama Minor Details , and the 2000 gay-themed comedy/drama Get Your Stuff . His latest film role was in the 2005 mystery comedy Death of a Saleswoman . He also appeared in a 1998 episode of Will & Grace . He has coached and worked with Shailene Woodley , Ashley Greene , Agnes Bruckner , Nick Robinson , Chace Crawford , Cory Monteith , Dania Ramirez , Sasha Alexander , Chris Owen , Stevie Lynn Jones , Dree Hemingway , Michael Lomenda , JC Chasez , China Chow , Brock Kelly , Judith Hill , Samantha Mumba , Rocco DiSpirito , Olivia Holt , Ian Harding , Alexandra Daddario , Edy Ganem , Trevor Donovan , Daniel Cudmore , Charlie Bewley , Ashton Holmes , Larissa Oleynik , Lorenza Izzo , Carmen Electra , Allison Miller , Jenna Dewan-Tatum , Lucy Fry , Josh Zuckerman , Sadie Calvano , Taryn Southern , Ryan Rottman , Chaz Bono , Jill Wagner , Joe Slaughter , Mark Hapka , Matt Dallas , Brad Rowe , and Quddus Phillippe . Meindl 's first feature screenplay , The Wonder Girls , was the Grand Prize Winning Feature Screenplay in the Slamdance Film Festival Screenplay Competition in 2007 . He was nominated as Best Director for the LA Weekly Awards two years in a row for Best Comedy ( Swimming In The Shallows ) and Best Drama ( Dogs Barking ) . The casts for both shows ( members of MetaTheatre Company , his acting studio ) were also nominated as Best Ensemble in a Comedy and Best Ensemble in a Drama . His first short , `` Ready ? OK ! '' , played in over a dozen International Film Festivals , winning numerous `` Best of '' Awards and premiered on MTV 's LOGO Network in 2009 as part of their `` Click List : Best In Short Film Series . '' It won the 2008 Planet Out Scion Viewer 's Choice Short Film Awards . Meindl 's first feature film , Birds of A Feather ( 2011 ) won him Best Director awards at the 2012 Downtown LA Film Festival and the 2013 Golden Door Film Festival and the Spirit of the Festival Award at the 2012 Honolulu Rainbow Film Festival . The film features Academy Award winner , Olympia Dukakis , Bruce Vilanch and Trevor Donovan . He is a regular contributor to The Huffington Post , The Daily Love , and Backstage .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11555c5a923cf6ed76ec539270701e4d", "text": "César Award for Best Writing The César Award for Best Writing ( César du meilleur scénario , dialogues ou adaptation ( 1976-1982 ) ; César du meilleur scénario original ou adaptation ( 1986-2005 ) ) is a former award given by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma from 1976 to 2005 . It was split into César Award for Best Original Screenplay and César Award for Best Adaptation in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ac92998d3d3fddd76354e48d8ded0a6", "text": "Steven Conrad Steven Conrad ( born 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , film producer and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6129067205e756a9990a65da0e0e1f0", "text": "21st Screen Actors Guild Awards The 21st Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards , honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2014 , were presented on January 25 , 2015 , on both TNT and TBS 8:00 p.m. EST / 5:00 p.m. PST . Nominees were announced on December 10 , 2014 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
9c8d615a6abbec1fdb5c6e72b949fc12
1976 was the year Sam Worthington was born.
[ { "docid": "68074d92e7c38b88702e5bc986c4e002", "text": "Sam Worthington Samuel Henry John Worthington ( born 2 August 1976 ) is a British-born Australian actor . He played the main character role of Alex Mason in the Call of Duty : Black Ops series . He portrayed the protagonist Jake Sully in the 2009 film Avatar ; Marcus Wright in Terminator Salvation ; and Perseus in Clash of the Titans and its sequel , Wrath of the Titans ; before transitioning to more dramatic roles , in Everest ( 2015 ) and Hacksaw Ridge ( 2016 ) . In 2004 , Worthington received Australia 's highest film award for his lead role in Somersault . He performed predominantly in leading roles in a variety of low-budget films before moving to major studio films , ranging from romantic drama and comedy-drama to science fiction and action .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a99267d3222da4b569c98aa969bede2e", "text": "1976 Houston Cougars football team The 1976 Houston Cougars football team , also known as the Houston Cougars , Houston , or UH , represented the University of Houston in the 1976 NCAA Division I football season . It was the 31st year of season play for Houston . The team was coached by fifteenth-year head football coach , Bill Yeoman . The team played its home games at the Astrodome , a 53,000-person capacity stadium off-campus in Houston . It was Houston 's first year of season play as a full member of the Southwest Conference eligible as champions . Upon winning the conference as co-champions , the Cougars competed against the Maryland Terrapins in the Cotton Bowl Classic , and finished the post-season at an all-time highest national ranking in the history of the program . Senior defensive tackle Wilson Whitley received the Lombardi Award following the season . Future UH and Baylor head coach Art Briles played on this team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b2fce1e0963a0a402aea0bceebed285", "text": "Games '74 Games '74 is a 1974 New Zealand -- made documentary film of the 1974 British Commonwealth Games , held in Christchurch , New Zealand from 24 January to 2 February 1974 . The full title was Games ' 74 : Official Film of the Xth British Commonwealth Games , Christchurch , New Zealand , 1974 . The feature-length documentary in colour and on 35 mm was shot and processed by the New Zealand National Film Unit ( NFU ) . The directors became prominent in New Zealand film-making in the next two decades , and one of the location assistants , one Sam Neill , went on to an international career . The spectator 's - eye camera avoids camera comment . The prime targets are track events , then field events , with `` elephantine drama '' from the male weightlifters and shots of the marathon which go outside the stadium . There is a surprisingly ( for the time ) gender-balanced and apolitical narrative which underlines the humanity of the competitors as much as it shows the drama of success and failure '' according to Sam Edwards , although `` woman 's events receive scant coverage '' . Divers are captured in slow motion , and a `` series of high jumpers , using similar techniques to cross the bar are edited in collapsed sequence , reminding viewers of salmon exploding up a waterfall '' . The film has been restored and is available on DVD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fe407ec62fd6b5bac8d96d7c192a979", "text": "U.S. Route 70 U.S. Route 70 ( US 70 ) is an east -- west United States highway that runs for 2,385 miles ( 3,838 km ) from eastern North Carolina to east-central Arizona . As can be derived from its number , it is a major east -- west highway of the Southern and Southwestern United States . It formerly ran from coast to coast , with the current Eastern terminus near the Atlantic Ocean in North Carolina , and the former Western terminus near the Pacific Ocean in California . Before the completion of the Interstate system , U.S. Highway 70 was sometimes referred to as the `` Broadway of America '' , due to its status as one of the main east -- west thoroughfares in the nation . It was also promoted as the `` Treasure Trail '' by the U.S. Highway 70 Association as of 1951 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "405e28906322882c5be9b4b27f4c35fd", "text": "1978", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41f5460d7bd049a316cbd3fec34c7563", "text": "Let's Talk About Youth Let 's Talk About Youth is a 1976 South Korean dramatic film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10174e112d64ae5e09f8f955865a5993", "text": "70s", "title": "" }, { "docid": "392d4c900d43a58584990beb38feba3d", "text": "1974 New England Patriots season The New England Patriots finished the National Football League 's 1974 season with a record of seven wins and seven losses , and finished tied for third in the AFC East Division . The Pats stunned the Super Bowl Champion Miami Dolphins in Week 1 at Schaffer Stadium . The Pats would go on to win their first five games on their way to a 6-1 start . However , they would struggle in the second half winning only one game before finishing with a 7-7 record .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a971e45f383702470f682e796ef6cfe5", "text": "1976–77 in Scottish football Season 1976 -- 1977 was the 104th season of competitive football in Scotland and the 80th season of Scottish league football . After the failure of the Spring Cup and the 26 game season in the 1st & 2nd Divisions , a 39-game season was instituted in these divisions with a slight imbalance in the amount of home and away games played by each team ; however , this was seen as preferable to a lengthy 52 game season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e41fcbf6500889902e23f8d4dc59534f", "text": "1976–77 Football League Cup The 1976 -- 77 Football League Cup was the seventeenth season of the Football League Cup , a knockout competition for England 's top 92 football clubs . The competition started on 14 August 1976 and ended with the final going to a second replay on 13 April 1977 . The final was contested by First Division teams Aston Villa and Everton at Wembley Stadium in London , followed by replays at Hillsborough and finally being decided at Old Trafford .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc4a3cf957c127fb1ed9a222c8ef92ab", "text": "High Velocity (film) High Velocity is a 1976 20th Century Fox release action film that was the only film of director Remi Kramer who also co-wrote the screenplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eeaa702d02f607177ac2a2a5b64e2cdf", "text": "1976–77 Birmingham City F.C. season The 1976 -- 77 Football League season was Birmingham City Football Club 's 74th in the Football League and their 43rd in the First Division . They finished in 13th position in the 22-team division . They entered the 1976 -- 77 FA Cup at the third round proper and lost in the fourth to Leeds United , and lost to Blackpool in their opening second-round match in the League Cup . Twenty-one players made at least one appearance in nationally organised first-team competition , and there were thirteen different goalscorers . Midfielder Terry Hibbitt and forward Trevor Francis played in all 45 first-team matches over the season , and the leading goalscorer was Francis with 21 goals , all scored in the league . Kenny Burns scored 20 , of which 19 came in league competition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69", "text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47e7277d606b061962685d0005237c5c", "text": "List of people from Fort Worth, Texas The following are people of note who were born in , live in , or have formerly resided in Fort Worth , Texas . Jay Boy Adams ( born 1949 in Fort Worth ) , singer , songwriter , and guitarist Randy Alexander ( born 1951 in Fort Worth ) , Republican member of Arkansas House of Representatives from Springdale , Arkansas Adrienne Ames ( 1907 -- 1947 ) , actress Betty Andujar ( 1912 -- 1997 ) , first Republican woman in Texas State Senate ( 1973 -- 1983 ) B W Aston ( 1936 -- 2010 ) , historian Lance Cole Barrett ( born 1984 in Fort Worth ) , Major League Baseball umpire Sid Bass ( born 1943 ) , billionaire , Sundance Square developer , major stockholder in The Walt Disney Company Alan Bean ( born 1932 ) , artist , retired NASA astronaut ( 1981 ) ; R. L. Paschal High School , Class of 1950 ; carried Paschal High School 's flag to the moon . http://www.alanbeangallery.com/ Big Lurch ( born 1976 ) , rapper , serving a life sentence for murder and cannibalism Patricia Blair ( 1933 -- 2013 ) , actress Mel Bradford ( born 1934 ) , literary critic Leon Bridges , soul singer , grammy nommineé Betty Buckley ( born 1947 ) , Tony Award-winning actress Tom Buckman ( born 1947 ) , professional football player T-Bone Burnett ( born 1948 ) , Oscar-winning songwriter , record producer , musician Joel Burns , politician Kate Capshaw ( born 1953 ) , actress , married to Steven Spielberg Major Horace Seaver `` Stump '' Carswell , Junior ( July 18 , 1916 -- October 26 , 1944 ) , USAAF , KIA World War II ; posthumous Medal of Honor recipient ; the former Carswell Air Force Base was his namesake . Amon G. Carter ( 1879 -- 1955 ) , civic booster , philanthropist , creator and publisher of Fort Worth Star-Telegram Cattle Annie ( 1882 -- 1978 ) , female bandit , lived in Fort Worth 1910 to 1912 Julio Cedillo ( born 1970 ) , actor , raised in Fort Worth Mark David Chapman ( born 1955 ) , killed John Lennon Candy Clark ( born 1947 ) , Oscar-nominated actress Kelly Clarkson ( born 1982 ) , singer , American Idol winner Raymond Clayborn ( born 1955 ) , NFL football player Van Cliburn ( 1934 -- 2013 ) , pianist Ornette Coleman ( 1930 -- 2015 ) , jazz musician Kenneth Copeland ( born 1936 ) , televangelist Heloise Bowles Cruse ( 1919 -- 1977 ) , syndicated columnist , Hints from Heloise Jeff Current , lead singer of Against All Will T. Cullen Davis ( born 1933 ) , millionaire tried and acquitted for 1976 murders of Stan Farr and Andrea Wilborn Bobby Day ( 1928 -- 1990 ) , musician John Denver ( Henry John Deutschendorf Jr. - 1943 - 1997 ) Singer , Songwriter , Actor , Environmental Activist , Attended Arlington Heights High School in Fort Worth . John Douglas ( 1945 -- 2005 ) , NFL player Johnny Dowd ( born 1948 ) , musician James T. Draper , Jr. ( born 1935 ) , author , Baptist leader Clare B. Dunkle ( born 1964 ) , author , librarian Jack Favor ( 1911 -- 1988 ) , rodeo star falsely imprisoned for two murders in Louisiana in 1967 ; exonerated in 1974 ; lived mostly in Arlington Kirk Franklin ( born 1970 ) , gospel singer and producer Charlie Geren ( born 1949 ) , member of Texas House of Representatives from District 99 in Tarrant County Pete Geren ( born 1952 ) , former member of U.S. House of Representatives from Texas 's 12th congressional district ; former U.S. Secretary of the Army ; director of Sid W. Richardson Foundation ; brother of Charlie Geren Edna Gladney ( 1886 -- 1961 ) , founder of Edna Gladney Home Craig Goldman ( born 1968 ) , member of Texas House of Representatives from District 97 in Fort Worth Kay Granger ( born 1943 ) , U.S. Representative and former mayor of Fort Worth Judy Graubart ( born 1943 ) , actress , The Electric Company Pat Green ( born 1972 ) , country musician Jack Haden ( 1914 -- 1996 ) , American football player Larry Hagman ( 1931 -- 2012 ) , actor , son of actress Mary Martin , played J.R. Ewing in Dallas Beth Haller , journalism professor Phil Handler ( 1908 -- 1968 ) , NFL football player and coach Harriet Sansom Harris ( born 1955 ) , actress , Frasier , Desperate Housewives Brad Hawpe ( born 1979 ) , MLB player for Colorado Rockies Taylor Hawkins ( born 1972 ) , drummer for Foo Fighters Julius Hemphill ( 1938 -- 1995 ) , jazz composer and saxophone player Patricia Highsmith ( 1921 -- 1995 ) , author of Strangers on a Train and The Talented Mr Ripley Brock Holt ( born 1988 ) , utility player for Boston Red Sox Rogers Hornsby ( 1896 -- 1963 ) , Hall of Fame Baseball Player Brad Hunstable ( born 1978 ) , founder of Ustream.TV Martha Hyer ( 1924-2014 ) , Oscar-nominated actress Abraham George Issa ( raised and resides in Fort Worth ) , CEO and founder of Global Efficient Energy Ronald Shannon Jackson ( born 1940 ) , jazz drummer Dan Jenkins ( born 1929 ) , sports journalist and author Sally Jenkins ( born 1960 ) , sports journalist and author Benton Jennings , actor Candace Kita , actress and model Matt Krause , state representative from District 93 since 2013 Keith Langford , professional basketball player Yale Lary ( born 1930 ) , Football Hall of Famer Specialist Robert David Law ( September 15 , 1944 -- February 22 , 1969 ) , Killed In Action in Tinh Phuoc Thanh Province , Republic of Vietnam and a Medal of Honor recipient . Born in Fort Worth . Debra Lehrmann , Texas Supreme Court justice , Place 3 G. Craige Lewis ( born 1969 ) , Christian minister Robert L. Lynn ( born 1931 ) , journalist , poet , and retired college president David Mann ( born 1966 ) , actor , comedian and gospel singer Tamela Mann ( born 1966 ) , actor , singer and songwriter Rod Manuel ( born 1974 ) , football player Lisa McRee ( born 1961 ) , television journalist Leighton Meester ( born 1986 ) , actress Lynn Merrick ( 1919-2007 ) , actress Lawrence E. Meyers ( born 1947 ) , judge of Texas Court of Criminal Appeals since 1993 Lorraine Miller , first woman president of the NAACP , Interim president and CEO , March 2014 Roger Miller ( 1936 -- 1992 ) , singer-songwriter John T. Montford ( born 1943 ) , businessman from San Antonio ; politician from Lubbock , educated in Austin , born in Fort Worth Jeff Newman , MLB All-Star baseball player Ashlee Nino , dancer , drummer , fashion designer , model , actress Bill Noël ( born 1914 ) , oil industrialist and philanthropist from Odessa , born in Fort Worth `` Pappy '' O'Daniel ( 1890 -- 1969 ) , Governor of Texas , U.S. Senator and radio personality Lee Harvey Oswald ( 1939 -- 1963 ) , accused assassin of President John F. Kennedy Bill Owens ( born 1950 ) , former Governor of Colorado ( 1999 -- 2007 ) Dan Hewitt Owens ( born 1947 ) , actor Fess Parker ( 1924 -- 2010 ) , actor Hugh Parmer ( born 1939 ) , mayor of Fort Worth 1977 to 1979 ; member of both houses of Texas State Legislature Bill Paxton ( born 1955-2017 ) , actor , starred in Titanic , Frailty , TV series Big Love Corporal Charles Frank Pendleton , posthumous Medal of Honor recipient for actions in the Korea War ; R. L. Paschal High School , Class of 1953 . Prince Lasha ( William Lawsha ) ( born 1929 ) , jazz saxophonist and flutist Ben H. Procter ( 1927 -- 2012 ) , historian Bennett Ratliff ( born 1961 ) , state representative from District 115 in Dallas County ; civil engineer Dewey Redman ( 1931 -- 2006 ) , free jazz saxophonist Rex Reed ( born 1938 ) , film critic Chuck Reynolds ( born 1946 ) , football player Mike Richardson ( born 1946 ) , NFL player Sid W. Richardson ( 1891 -- 1959 ) , oilman , cattleman and philanthropist Rod Roddy ( 1937 -- 2003 ) , television announcer on The Price is Right John Roderick ( born 1944 ) , professional football player Ginger Rogers ( actress-dancer ) moved to FW at age of 9 Attended Central ( Paschal ) High School . Johnny Rutherford ( born 1938 ) , race car driver , three-time winner of Indy 500 Denise Rutkowski ( born 1961 ) , professional bodybuilder By Saam ( 1914 -- 2000 ) , sportscaster Bob Schieffer ( born 1937 ) , journalist , CBS Evening News anchor and Face the Nation host Tom Schieffer ( born 1947 ) , U.S. Ambassador to Japan , candidate for governor Mark M. Shelton ( born 1956 ) , pediatrician and politician Kelly Shoppach ( born 1980 ) , Major League Baseball catcher ( 2005-2013 ) Liz Smith ( born 1923 ) , journalist , syndicated columnist Soapy Smith ( 1860 -- 1898 ) , infamous con man who started his career in Ft. Worth Randy Souders ( born 1954 ) , visual artist and disability rights advocate A. Latham Staples ( born 1977 ) , CEO of EXUSMED , civil rights activist and founder of Empowering Spirits Foundation Jonathan Stickland ( born 1983 ) , state representative from Tarrant County Hurley Tarver ( born 1975 ) , football player Bascom N. Timmons ( 1890 -- 1987 ) , newspaperman Hunter Tylo ( born 1962 ) , actress Townes Van Zandt ( 1944 -- 1997 ) , country music singer-songwriter Daniel E. Walker ( 1927 -- 2009 ) , civil servant , rescued remains of flag burned in protest at 1984 Republican National Convention in Dallas Lisa Whelchel ( born 1963 ) , actress , The Facts of Life Van Williams ( born 1934 ) , actor , The Green Hornet Jim Wright ( 1922 -- 2015 ) , U.S. Congressman from Texas and Speaker of the House Jeana Yeager ( born 1952 ) , broke distance records during her ( and Dick Rutan 's ) 1986 nonstop flight around world in experimental Voyager Carlson Young ( born 1990 ) , actress , Scream", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02b8edc01f6ee8a3a5fc0280a3815451", "text": "1976–77 NFL playoffs The National Football League playoffs for the 1976 season began on December 18 , 1976 . The postseason tournament concluded with the Oakland Raiders defeating the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl XI , 32 -- 14 , on January 9 , 1977 , at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90885f3a016e534eef8b7c570a78245d", "text": "United States presidential election in Connecticut, 1976 The 1976 United States presidential election in Connecticut took place on November 2 , 1976 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1976 United States presidential election . Connecticut voters chose eight electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Connecticut was won by the Republican nominees , incumbent President Gerald Ford of Michigan and his running mate Senator Bob Dole of Kansas . Ford and Dole defeated the Democratic nominees , Governor Jimmy Carter of Georgia and his running mate Senator Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Ford narrowly carried Connecticut with 52.06 % of the vote to Carter 's 46.90 % , a victory margin of 5.16 % .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a84d2937b832c8fb4fdbac530c142890", "text": "Samantha Buck Samantha Susan Buck ( born December 20 , 1976 ) | title = Samantha Buck | publisher = IMDB | accessdate = 2012-06-13 -RCB- -RCB- </ref> is an American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f728ad1c87b5e28871eaeb8a989b8d33", "text": "1976 Deauville American Film Festival The 2nd Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from August 31 to September 5 , 1976 . This year , the festival auctioned film posters of the films screening at the festival , which continued over subsequent years . The festival was non-competitive in nature and remained so until 1995 . The festival introduced Lucien Barrière Prize for Literature , which was awarded every year during the Festival to an American author . The festival contained three different sections in its programme , in which 38 feature films were screened .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b490b668cb1c5474c805d56cffcc2ec1", "text": "1976 Open Championship The 1976 Open Championship was the 105th Open Championship , played 7 -- 10 July at Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . Johnny Miller won his only Open championship , six strokes ahead of runners-up Seve Ballesteros and Jack Nicklaus . It was Miller 's second and last major championship title ; his first was the U.S. Open in 1973 . Ballesteros , age 19 , was the 54-hole leader at 211 ( − 5 ) , two strokes ahead of Miller . In the final round , he was seven over par after twelve holes , which included a triple-bogey at the eleventh . Ballesteros rallied on the final six holes , with three birdies and an eagle , to tie Nicklaus for second place . Defending champion Tom Watson carded an 80 ( +8 ) in the third round for 227 ( +11 ) and missed the second cut by a stroke . U.S. Open champion Jerry Pate was level par after two rounds , but also missed the second cut with an 87 for 231 . Masters winner Raymond Floyd finished in fourth at 286 ( − 2 ) , a stroke behind Ballesteros and Nicklaus .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214", "text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df0b4765b9f42b5a35a602f1f8591a6a", "text": "1976 in Scotland Events from the year 1976 in Scotland .", "title": "" } ]
fever
6874a54315d4ec94b7637b17526de867
Jackie Robinson was awarded a medal.
[ { "docid": "120d9beb4a2232445130983f95aeb6be", "text": "Jackie Robinson Jack Roosevelt Robinson ( January 31 , 1919 -- October 24 , 1972 ) was an American professional baseball second baseman who became the first African American to play in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) in the modern era . Robinson broke the baseball color line when the Brooklyn Dodgers started him at first base on April 15 , 1947 . The Dodgers , by signing Robinson , heralded the end of racial segregation in professional baseball that had relegated black players to the Negro leagues since the 1880s . Robinson was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1962 . Robinson had an exceptional 10-year baseball career . He was the recipient of the inaugural MLB Rookie of the Year Award in 1947 , was an All-Star for six consecutive seasons from 1949 through 1954 , and won the National League Most Valuable Player Award in 1949 -- the first black player so honored . Robinson played in six World Series and contributed to the Dodgers ' 1955 World Series championship . In 1997 , MLB `` universally '' retired his uniform number , 42 , across all major league teams ; he was the first pro athlete in any sport to be so honored . MLB also adopted a new annual tradition , `` Jackie Robinson Day '' , for the first time on April 15 , 2004 , on which every player on every team wears No. 42 . Robinson 's character , his use of nonviolence , and his unquestionable talent challenged the traditional basis of segregation which then marked many other aspects of American life . He influenced the culture of and contributed significantly to the Civil Rights Movement . Robinson also was the first black television analyst in MLB , and the first black vice president of a major American corporation , Chock full o'Nuts . In the 1960s , he helped establish the Freedom National Bank , an African-American-owned financial institution based in Harlem , New York . After his death in 1972 , in recognition of his achievements on and off the field , Robinson was posthumously awarded the Congressional Gold Medal and Presidential Medal of Freedom .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a9edc46f260b8ae0d2a121e21382695c", "text": "Military orders, awards and decorations A military decoration is an award , usually a medal of some sort that consists of a ribbon and medallion given to an individual as a distinctively designed mark of honor denoting heroism , or meritorious or outstanding service or achievement . While the United States Government does not consider all its military awards and medals as being `` decorations '' , other countries tend to refer to all their military awards and medals as `` decorations '' . Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations , although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions . Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations , on which they may be modelled , although they are strictly not military awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a09c5091a8feb6d20bee2710138b16ad", "text": "Meritorious Team Commendation The Meritorious Team Commendation ( MTC ) is a unit award of the United States Coast Guard . Created on 22 December 1993 , the Meritorious Team Commendation is awarded for performance of exceptional actions that would normally warrant a Commandant 's Letter of Commendation if recognizing an individual . Recognized groups must also display cohesion and teamwork noticeable to upper echelon commanders . The MTC is awarded to groups or teams that are not identifiable by OPFAC as a United States Coast Guard unit . The MTC may be awarded to military personnel , Coast Guard Auxiliarists , and civilians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21cfa369b4f6faea12b51bf03756ac8e", "text": "AIA Gold Medal The AIA Gold Medal is awarded by the American Institute of Architects conferred `` by the national AIA Board of Directors in recognition of a significant body of work of lasting influence on the theory and practice of architecture . '' It is the Institute 's highest award . Since 1947 , the medal has been awarded more-or-less annually .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0dde102cf865429308fea0fbe7e24793", "text": "John Bradley (United States Navy) John Henry `` Jack '' `` Doc '' Bradley ( July 10 , 1923 -- January 11 , 1994 ) was a United States Navy Hospital corpsman who was awarded the Navy Cross for extraordinary heroism in combat on February 21 , 1945 while assigned to a U.S. Marine Corps rifle company during the Battle of Iwo Jima in World War II . Bradley was widely believed for decades to be one of the six U.S. flag-raisers depicted in Joe Rosenthal 's iconic photograph Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima and was depicted on the Marine Corps War Memorial . In 2016 , a Marine Corps review board determined that although Bradley was involved with the first of two American flag -- raisings on top of Mount Suribachi , on February 23 , he was not one of the men shown raising the replacement flag in Rosenthal 's photograph . This was the Marine Corps second correction of the six men 's identities they named in the photograph in 1945 ( the first correction was in 1947 ) . The Marine memorial located in Arlington , Virginia , which was modeled after Rosenthal 's photograph and dedicated in 1954 , depicts bronze statues of each of the second flag -- raisers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81c3dd0506d2091103077e18d37bbc39", "text": "Branch Rickey Wesley Branch Rickey ( December 20 , 1881 -- December 9 , 1965 ) was a Major League Baseball ( MLB ) executive elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1967 . He was perhaps best known for breaking Major League Baseball 's color barrier by signing African American player Jackie Robinson , for drafting the first Hispanic superstar , Roberto Clemente , for creating the framework for the modern minor league farm system , for encouraging the Major Leagues to add new teams through his involvement in the proposed Continental League , and for introducing the batting helmet . Rickey played in MLB for the St. Louis Browns and New York Highlanders from 1905 through 1907 . After struggling as a player , Rickey returned to college , where he learned about administration from Philip Bartelme . Returning to MLB in 1913 , Rickey embarked on a successful managing and executive career with the St. Louis Browns , the St. Louis Cardinals , Brooklyn Dodgers and Pittsburgh Pirates . The Cardinals elected him to their team Hall of Fame in 2014 . Rickey also had a career in the sport of American football , as a player for the professional Shelby Blues and as a coach at Ohio Wesleyan University and Allegheny College . His many achievements and deep Christian faith earned him the nickname `` the Mahātmā . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1561a9d79ed93b9caf9c1e194f98c85f", "text": "NASA Exceptional Bravery Medal The NASA Exceptional Bravery Medal is a NASA award for exemplary and courageous handling of an emergency by an individual who , independent of personal danger , has acted to prevent the loss of human life or U.S. government property . The award is open to government and non-government employees . The first two medals were awarded in 1969 to NASA engineers Bill B. McClure and Charles J. `` Jack '' Beverlin , who prevented the collapse and explosion of an Atlas rocket at great risk to their own lives . A feature on Mars was later named after them . Exceptional Bravery Medals were also awarded to Herbert W. Grandy in 1970 , and to Paul D. Sebesta in 1974 . Subsequently , thirty eight workers at the Michoud Assembly Facility were awarded this medal for protecting the facility from flooding due to Hurricane Katrina in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "71fde8d2d10742dc21975eae9d361744", "text": "Marksmanship Medal The Marksmanship Medal is a United States Navy and the Coast Guard military award and is the highest award one may receive for weapons qualification . The Marksmanship Medal is the equivalent of the Expert Marksmanship Badge in the United States Army and Marine Corps . Additionally , select State National Guard organizations award marksmanship medals to guardsman who achieve some of the highest aggregate scores at state-level marksmanship competitions . The Marksmanship Medal is awarded for qualifying as an expert marksman on either the 9 × 19mm Beretta M9 ( Navy or Coast Guard ) , .40 S&W SIG P229 DAK ( Coast Guard only ) , or M16 rifle . To qualify at the expert level , a superior score must be obtained on an approved weapons qualification course . The standard Navy weapons qualification course for pistol normally consists of several courses of fire from strong-side supported ( standing ) , weak-side supported ( standing ) , and strong-side supported ( kneeling ) positions . For the rifle , the Navy qualification course consists of firing from a sitting and prone positions . Those qualifying as an expert marksman are authorized to wear the Marksmanship Medal , awarded as two separate decorations for rifle or pistol qualifications . Those having qualified on both pistol and rifle may receive both medals for simultaneous wear . The Marksmanship Medal is worn as a full-sized medal on dress uniforms . On a duty uniform all successful qualifiers may wear the award as the standard Marksmanship Ribbon . Those qualifying as an expert are authorized to wear the Expert device on the ribbon and those qualifying as a sharpshooter are authorized a `` S '' device ( Navy-bronze and Coast Guard-silver ) for that ribbon . The Navy Marksmanship Medals were first issued in 1969 . Similarly , the Alaska Department of Military and Veterans Affairs awards the Alaska Adjutant General 's Marksmanship Proficiency Medals , one for rifle and one for pistol , to the top ten guardsman with the highest aggregate scores at the Alaska National Guard Adjutant General 's Match . The winners of these awards are selected to join the state 's marksmanship team to represents the Alaska National Guard at the Winston P. Wilson Rifle and Pistol Championships for a chance to win the Chief 's Fifty Marksmanship Badge . A red , white , and blue ribbon is used to represent both medals ; however the actual rifle and pistol medals suspended by this ribbon are distinct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48929827282fd15e85fd066e35ba4065", "text": "List of Medal of Honor recipients (Veracruz) The United States occupation of the Mexican port of Veracruz lasted for seven months in 1914 and occurred in the midst of poor diplomatic relations between Mexico and the United States , related to the ongoing Mexican Revolution . In response to the Tampico Affair , President Woodrow Wilson ordered the U.S. Navy to prepare for the occupation of the port of Veracruz . While waiting for authorization of Congress to carry out such action , Wilson was alerted to a German delivery of weapons for Victoriano Huerta due to arrive to the port on April 21 . As a result , Wilson issued an immediate order to seize the port 's customs office and confiscate the weaponry . The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces . The recipient must have distinguished themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States . Due to the nature of this medal , it is commonly presented posthumously . Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels ordered that 56 Medals of Honor be awarded to participants in the occupation of Veracruz , the most for any single action before or since . In total 63 Medals of Honor were received for actions during the occupation ; 1 Army , 9 to members of the United States Marine Corps and 53 to Navy personnel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "761af9fab0daf0a2b873d044d1279000", "text": "Dallas Robinson Dallas Robinson ( born March 30 , 1982 ) is an American soldier and bobsledder . Robinson graduated from Oldham County High School in Buckner Kentucky and Eastern Kentucky University . He is known as a sprinter but was also in the USA Rugby 7 's and 15 's pool of athletes in 2009 and 2010 . In 2008 he was ranked 1st in the United States in the 55m Dash and top 10 in both the 60m and 200m races . Robinson competed in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia in both two man and four man bobsled finishing 13th and 12th . In the spring of 2014 Dallas competed with the 91 Buddy Lazier car as a fueler in the Indianapolis 500 . Robinson formerly resided in Georgetown Kentucky and he still owns a small farm outside of town . He now lives in Campbellsville Kentucky on the family farm and works as the local National Guard Recruiter . In recent months Dallas has made himself well known for his efforts in Military Suicide Prevention and Awareness creating an event called `` The Million Pound Challenge '' as well as efforts in fund raising for Special Olympics and foster care organizations . In the spring of 2015 he was named as the spokesperson for Home Grown by Hero 's a program started by the Kentucky Department of Agriculture to help brand and market veteran grown products in the market place . Dallas has been seen on The Weather Channel , Spike TV , NBC , ESPN , United Airlines Commercial 's , Toyota Sequoia Commercial 's and many regionally broadcast TV / Radio stations . He also has been featured in Max Muscle Magazine , GX Magazine , New York Times , Moscow Times and had an Olympic Column in the Courier Journal . Robinson is an Honorary Kentucky Colonel , an Honorary Duke of Hazard and Oldham County Kentucky has a `` Dallas Robinson Day '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ec03eed58f49b1f8e53ec0d34d037f4", "text": "Elmer Robinson Elmer Edwin `` Rob-Rob '' Robinson ( October 3 , 1894 -- June 9 , 1982 ) was the 33rd mayor of San Francisco , California . A Republican , he served as San Francisco 's mayor from January 1948 until January 1956 . Robinson was born in the Richmond District of San Francisco , but primarily grew up in the northern California town of Fort Bragg . He moved back to San Francisco to attend night law school , after which he was admitted to the bar in 1915 . He served as a deputy district attorney of San Francisco County , 1915 to 1921 . He worked for 15 years , as a civil and criminal attorney in private practice . In 1933 , President Franklin D. Roosevelt appointed Robinson to direct adjustment of claims of World War I veterans , at the request of the Disabled American Veterans . In January 1935 , he became a Municipal Court judge , nine months later a Superior Court judge . Elected to two six-year terms on the San Francisco County Superior bench , 1936 and 1942 . During World War II , Judge Robinson served as California State Chairman of a national salvage committee . Elmer Robinson was elected mayor of San Francisco in November 1947 , taking office the following January . He was reelected to another four-year term as mayor in 1951 . While Robinson was mayor , he promoted and oversaw numerous development projects , including an expansion of San Francisco International Airport and the construction of new schools , libraries , police stations , parking garages , and the modernization of the San Francisco Municipal Railway . San Francisco , although relatively prosperous in the boom years after World War II , experienced some population loss to outlying suburban areas during Robinson 's terms in office . He returned to his law practice and served as president and general manager of Woodlawn Memorial Park . While a resident of San Francisco , Judge Robinson died in Paradise , Butte County , California , on June 8 , 1982 at age 87 . Category :1894 births Category :1982 deaths Category : Mayors of San Francisco Category : California lawyers Category : American Episcopalians Category : People from Fort Bragg , California Category : California Republicans Category :20 th-century American politicians", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f78047fe419a200f89d4fb410010e98", "text": "Medal \"For Labour Valour\" The Medal `` For Labour Valour '' was a civilian labour award of the Soviet Union bestowed to especially deserving workers to recognise and honour dedicated and valorous labour or significant contributions in the fields of science , culture or the manufacturing industry . It was established on December 27 , 1938 by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR . During its existence , its statute was amended three times by further decrees , first on June 19 , 1943 to amend its description and ribbon , then on December 16 , 1947 to amend its regulations , and finally on July 18 , 1980 to confirm all previous amendments . During its existence of just over fifty years , it was bestowed to almost two million deserving citizens . The medal ceased to be awarded following the December 1991 dissolution of the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e9dce271870bfd2df9d7a2929cc004f9", "text": "Jackie Joyner-Kersee Jacqueline `` Jackie '' Joyner-Kersee ( born March 3 , 1962 ) is an American retired track and field athlete , ranked among the all-time greatest athletes in the heptathlon as well as long jump . She won three gold , one silver , and two bronze Olympic medals , in those two events at four different Olympic Games . Sports Illustrated for Women magazine voted Joyner-Kersee the Greatest Female Athlete of All-Time . After retiring as a competitive athlete , Joyner-Kersee has been involved with many philanthropic efforts and has joined the Board of Directors for USA Track & Field ( USATF ) , the national governing body of the sport . Joyner-Kersee is one of the most famous athletes to have overcome severe asthma .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "458882e7658e908173d5a1ccf4c3c583", "text": "Navy Cross The Navy Cross is the United States military 's second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat . The Navy Cross is awarded primarily to a member of the United States Navy , U.S. Marine Corps , and the U.S. Coast Guard ( when operating under the Department of the Navy ) for extraordinary heroism . The medal is equivalent to the Army 's Distinguished Service Cross , the Air Force 's Air Force Cross and the Coast Guard 's Coast Guard Cross . The Navy Cross is bestowed by the Secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services , and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services . The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress ( Public Law 65-253 ) and approved on February 4 , 1919 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b74c34aa4163e884ea02dbbe877b5611", "text": "Bill Robinson (author) William Wheeler `` Bill '' Robinson ( October 4 , 1918 -- April 3 , 2007 ) was an American sailor , author and editor well known in the national and international sailing community for his 27 nautical books , speaking engagements , and contributions to nautical publications . Robinson was born in Elizabeth , New Jersey , and attended Princeton University from 1935 to 1939 , graduating with a degree in English . He received a commission in the United States Naval Reserve in 1941 and served as an officer until 1945 . He commanded a 110-foot wooden Navy subchaser - hull number SC 743 - in the Pacific theater during World War II - serving honorably in troop and ship convoys and in the invasions of Arawe , New Britain and Hollandia . LTjg Robinson was awarded the Bronze Star ( with gold star denoting a second award ) for his command 's performance under air attack . He was a sportswriter at the Newark Evening News ( 1947 -- 1955 ) and then the Newark Star Ledger ( 1955 -- 1957 ) following his return to civilian life . He developed a nationally syndicated boating column while at the Star Ledger . Robinson was an associate editor of Yachting magazine from 1957 to 1967 and executive editor from 1967 to 1978 . He served as an editor-at-large for Yachting from 1978 to 1986 , when the publisher was sold . He then served as an editor-at-large for the competing Cruising World magazine from 1987 to 1996 . Throughout his career and his retirement Robinson traveled extensively as a writer , sailing cruiser and racer . He wrote sailing and nautical-themed books and contributed articles to numerous professional journals . He served as a speaker and featured guest on cruises and at sailing events worldwide . With his late wife , Jane Dimock Robinson ( deceased 1997 ) , he lived in Rumson , New Jersey from 1946 to 2002 and maintained a boat and winter residence in Tortola , British Virgin Islands throughout his retirement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7181ca701d4ff847752de8e5dae8de79", "text": "Navy Commendation Star The Navy Commendation Star or Navy Letter of Commendation Star was a Department of the Navy personal military decoration issued as ribbon device which was authorized in 1918 to be `` placed '' on the World War I Victory Medal . A inch silver star was issued to any service member of the Navy and Marine Corps who had been cited and commended by the Secretary of the Navy for performance of duty . Among the recipients of the Commendation Star was future Fleet Admiral Chester W. Nimitz . The Navy Commendation Star was placed on the suspension and service ribbon of the World War I Victory Medal , above all battle clasps . When the star was worn on the medal 's service ribbon , the star was placed before all bronze service stars . The Navy Commendation Star was identical to the United States Army Citation Star which also was a inch silver star worn on the World War I Victory Medal to denote a soldier ( or a Marine or Navy corpsman attached to the Second Division ) , was cited for gallantry in action and awarded a citation . Unlike the Citation Star , however , the Navy Commendation Star could not be converted to the Silver Star Medal ( 1932 ) . At the start of the Second World War , the Navy Commendation Star was declared obsolete and none were issued between 1941 and 1945 . In the 1950s , the Department of the Navy began accepting applications from eligible World War I veterans authorized a Navy Commendation Star for conversion to the Navy Commendation Ribbon with Metal Pendant , and in 1960 , to the Navy Commendation Medal . In 1994 , an authorized Navy Commendation Star could be exchanged for the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19dd3751e658dc70cf53e630f7103637", "text": "List of Italian-American Medal of Honor recipients The following is a list of Italian-American soldiers , sailors , airmen and marines who were awarded the American military 's highest decoration -- the Medal of Honor . The Medal of Honor is bestowed `` for conspicuous gallantry and intrepidity at the risk of life , above and beyond the call of duty , in actual combat against an armed enemy force . '' The medal is awarded by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d7dc243d6b85904d1b5aa991147aa4f", "text": "Awards of the United States Department of State The United States Department of State , like other agencies of the U.S. federal government , gives civilian decorations for outstanding service , sacrifice , or heroism . The criteria for the awards are set down in 3 FAM 4820 - Foreign Affairs Manual , 3 FAM - Personnel , section 3 FAM 4800 Department Awards Program . State Department awards are broken down into four types : honor awards , achievement awards , service awards , and recognition awards . In addition , there are awards which are no longer given but for which certificates , ribbons , or medals may still be occasionally seen . The Foreign Affairs Manual described the purpose of Department of State honor awards as to `` bestow recognition on an individual or group who has made a significant contribution to the agency 's mission '' and states that `` The honor awards vary in scope and magnitude . The impact of the act or deed which precipitates the nomination must be carefully examined , and consideration given to whether the act to be recognized benefits the post or bureau , the area , the agency , or the Federal Government as a whole . '' Upon authorization , members of the U.S. military may wear the medal and ribbon in the appropriate order of precedence as a U.S. non-military personal decoration . As delineated in numerous diplomatic cables describing each one , achievement awards recognize specific service over the previous year in a specific field or job category . The majority of the awards include a certificate , signed by the Secretary of State and a cash bonus . The cash bonuses range from zero to $ 10,000 . Some awards are sponsored by private donors , who are often former members of the Foreign Service . There is a minimum requirement for several valid nominations in a category in order for some awards to be presented ; if there are insufficient nominees or the nominations do not meet a specific threshold , then no award is presented that year . Currently , none of the achievement awards includes a medal set . Service awards are common for the Armed Forces but are not currently favored by the Director General of the Foreign Service . The Department of State currently awards two service awards , the Secretary 's Career Achievement Award and the Expeditionary Service Award . The Expeditionary Service Award is a new award as of 2011 that recognizes service by Civil and Foreign Service employees in areas designated by the Director General of the Foreign Service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e985274cdf1fd353d4bc9ef932d54487", "text": "Mission Robinson Mission Robinson is one of the Bolivarian Missions ( a series of anti-poverty and social welfare programs ) implemented by Hugo Chávez in 2003 . The name `` Robinson '' was given to the Mission in remembrance of the pseudonym adopted during his exile from Spanish America by Venezuelan philosopher and educator Simón Rodríguez ( 1769 -- 1854 ) . The program uses volunteers to teach reading , writing , and arithmetic to Venezuelan adults who were illiterate . The program is military-civilian in nature , and sends soldiers to , among other places , remote and dangerous locales in order to reach the most undereducated , neglected , and marginalized adult citizens to give them regular schooling and lessons .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d02fd1b151bd83f81f682fd18e9d5adc", "text": "List of Jewish Medal of Honor recipients The Medal of Honor was created during the American Civil War and is the highest military decoration presented by the United States government to a member of its armed forces . A recipient must distinguish themselves at the risk of their own life above and beyond the call of duty in action against an enemy of the United States . The medal is presented to the recipient by the President of the United States on behalf of the Congress . Since it was instituted there have been 3,473 recipients ; at least 27 American Jews have received the Medal of HonorDifferent sources give different numbers and names of recipients ; 29 different recipients are identified as Jewish Americans in the differing references not counting the various aliases used by many of them . for their actions starting in the American Civil War through the Vietnam War . The first two recipients were Henry Heller and David Orbansky who both received it for their actions in 1863 during the American Civil War . Samuel Gross was the only Jewish American Marine to receive the medal for his actions in Fort Riviere , Haiti . The last to receive it was Tibor Rubin in 2005 , who was believed to have been overlooked due to discrimination . His medal was for his actions in the Korean War in 1950 , 55 years before he received the medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13477973ae82be214c56ae980f84124f", "text": "Brooks Robinson Brooks Calbert Robinson , Jr. ( born May 18 , 1937 ) is an American former professional baseball player . He played his entire 23-year major league career for the Baltimore Orioles ( 1955 -- 1977 ) . He batted and threw right-handed , though he was a natural left-hander . Nicknamed `` The Human Vacuum Cleaner '' or `` Mr. Hoover '' , he is considered one of the greatest defensive third basemen in major league history . He won 16 consecutive Gold Glove Awards during his career , tied with pitcher Jim Kaat for the second-most all-time for any player at any position . Robinson was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1983 .", "title": "" } ]
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24be125d35eaaad7a41ceb1eb537b87c
Bohemian Rhapsody begins with an abrupt chorus.
[ { "docid": "8148f9b3c937862989f4f599c44e7829", "text": "Bohemian Rhapsody `` Bohemian Rhapsody '' is a song by the British rock band Queen . It was written by Freddie Mercury for the band 's 1975 album A Night at the Opera . It is a six-minute suite , consisting of several sections without a chorus : an intro , a ballad segment , an operatic passage , a hard rock part and a reflective coda . The song is a more accessible take on the 1970s progressive rock genre . It was reportedly the most expensive single ever made at the time of its release , though the exact cost of production can not be determined . When it was released as a single , `` Bohemian Rhapsody '' became a commercial success , staying at the top of the UK Singles Chart for nine weeks and selling more than a million copies by the end of January 1976 . It reached number one again in 1991 for another five weeks when the same version was re-released , eventually becoming the UK 's third-best-selling single of all time . It is also the only song to be Christmas number one twice by the same artist . It topped the charts in several other markets as well , including Canada , Australia , New Zealand , Ireland and The Netherlands , later becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . In the United States the song originally peaked at number nine in 1976 . It returned to the chart at number two in 1992 following Freddie Mercury 's death in 1991 , as well as its appearance in the film Wayne 's World , which revived its American popularity . Although critical reaction was initially mixed , `` Bohemian Rhapsody '' remains one of Queen 's most popular songs and is frequently placed on modern lists of the greatest songs of all time . The single was accompanied by a promotional video , which many scholars consider ground-breaking . Rolling Stone magazine states : `` Its influence can not be overstated , practically inventing the music video seven years before MTV went on the air . '' In 2004 , `` Bohemian Rhapsody '' was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame . In 2012 , the song topped the list on an ITV nationwide poll in the UK to find `` The Nation 's Favourite Number One '' over 60 years of music .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "1a11a1828654b0c005bf1720e6ef2451", "text": "Concertato Concertato is a term in early Baroque music referring to either a genre or a style of music in which groups of instruments or voices share a melody , usually in alternation , and almost always over a basso continuo . The term derives from Italian concerto which means `` playing together '' -- hence concertato means `` in the style of a concerto . '' In contemporary usage , the term is almost always used as an adjective , for example `` three pieces from the set are in concertato style . '' A somewhat oversimplified , but useful distinction between concertato and concerto can be made : the concertato style involves contrast between opposing groups of voices and groups of instruments : the concerto style , especially as it developed into the concerto grosso later in the Baroque , involves contrast between large and small groups of similar composition ( later called `` ripieno '' and `` concertino '' ) . The style developed in Venice in the late 16th century , mainly through the work of Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli , who were working in the unique acoustical space of St. Mark 's Cathedral . Different choirs or instrumental groupings occupied positions across the cathedral from each other : because of the sound delay from one side to the other in the large and acoustically `` live '' space , a perfect unison was difficult , and composers found that a fantastically effective music could be composed with the choirs singing across to each other , in stereo as it were ; all accompanied by organ or other groups of instruments placed in such a way that they could hear each group equally well . Music written there was quickly performed elsewhere , and compositions in the new `` concertato '' style quickly became popular elsewhere in Europe ( first in northern Italy , then in Germany and the rest of Italy , and then gradually in other parts of the continent ) . Another term sometimes used for this antiphonal use of the choirs in St. Mark 's was cori spezzati . See also Venetian polychoral style and Venetian School . In the early 17th century , almost all music with voices and basso continuo was called a concerto , though this use of the term is considerably different from the more modern meaning ( a solo instrument or instruments accompanied by an orchestra ) . Often , sacred music in the concertato style in the early 17th century was descended from the motet : the texts that a hundred years earlier would have been set for a cappella voices singing in smooth polyphony , would now be set for voices and instruments in a concertato style . These pieces , no longer always called motets , were given a variety of names including concerto , Psalm ( if a psalm setting ) , sinfonia , or symphoniae ( for example in Heinrich Schütz 's collections of Symphoniae Sacrae ) . The concertato style made possible the composition of extremely dramatic music , one of the characteristic innovations of the early Baroque .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6331ab507e97178a58ffd8ae8f5d5b57", "text": "The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock `` The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock '' , commonly known as `` Prufrock '' , is the first professionally published poem by American-British poet T. S. Eliot ( 1888 -- 1965 ) . Eliot began writing `` Prufrock '' in February 1910 , and it was first published in the June 1915 issue of Poetry : A Magazine of Verse at the instigation of Ezra Pound ( 1885 -- 1972 ) . It was later printed as part of a twelve-poem pamphlet ( or chapbook ) titled Prufrock and Other Observations in 1917 . At the time of its publication , Prufrock was considered outlandish , but is now seen as heralding a paradigmatic cultural shift from late 19th-century Romantic verse and Georgian lyrics to Modernism . The poem 's structure was heavily influenced by Eliot 's extensive reading of Dante Alighieri and makes several references to the Bible and other literary works -- including William Shakespeare 's plays Henry IV Part II , Twelfth Night , and Hamlet , the poetry of seventeenth-century metaphysical poet John Donne , and the nineteenth-century French Symbolists . Eliot narrates the experience of Prufrock using the stream of consciousness technique developed by his fellow Modernist writers . The poem , described as a `` drama of literary anguish '' , is a dramatic interior monologue of an urban man , stricken with feelings of isolation and an incapability for decisive action that is said `` to epitomize frustration and impotence of the modern individual '' and `` represent thwarted desires and modern disillusionment '' . Prufrock laments his physical and intellectual inertia , the lost opportunities in his life and lack of spiritual progress , and he is haunted by reminders of unattained carnal love . With visceral feelings of weariness , regret , embarrassment , longing , emasculation , sexual frustration , a sense of decay , and an awareness of mortality , `` Prufrock '' has become one of the most recognised voices in modern literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2d069bc2dfa33017768553d59b2e32e", "text": "Crazy Tour Crazy Tour was a short tour by the British rock band Queen during November and December 1979 . After the release of the single `` Crazy Little Thing Called Love '' , the band decided to change the concert dynamic they used to do the last years . In this tour Queen would revisit smaller venues , many which held fewer than two thousand seats . Nonetheless , it was the highly awaited UK leg of the successful Jazz Tour . The last concert of this tour at the Hammersmith Odeon was also the first concert of the Concerts for the People of Kampuchea . A bootleg recording of this concert exists as the 2-CD set Crazy Tour of London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe9761c0b629832c4a69965e2acb6339", "text": "Blue Jay Way `` Blue Jay Way '' is a song recorded by the English rock band the Beatles . Written by George Harrison , it was released in 1967 on the group 's Magical Mystery Tour EP and album . The song was named after a street in the Hollywood Hills of Los Angeles where Harrison stayed in August 1967 , shortly before visiting the Haight-Ashbury district of San Francisco . The lyrics document Harrison 's wait for music publicist Derek Taylor to find his way to Blue Jay Way through the fog-ridden hills , while Harrison struggled to stay awake after the flight from London to Los Angeles . As with several of Harrison 's compositions from this period , `` Blue Jay Way '' incorporates aspects of Indian classical music , although the Beatles used only Western instrumentation on the track , including a drone-like Hammond organ part played by Harrison . Created during the group 's psychedelic period , the track makes extensive use of studio techniques such as flanging , Leslie rotary effect , and reversed tape sounds . The song appeared in the Beatles ' 1967 television film Magical Mystery Tour , in a sequence that visually re-creates the sense of haziness and dislocation evident on the recording . While some reviewers have dismissed the song as monotonous , many others have admired its yearning quality and dark musical mood . The website Consequence of Sound describes `` Blue Jay Way '' as `` a haunted house of a hit , adding an ethereal , creepy mythos to the City of Angels '' . Among its continued links with Los Angeles , the song was one of the first Beatles tracks that cult leader Charles Manson adopted as the foundation for his Helter Skelter theory of an American race-related countercultural revolution . Artists who have covered the song include Bud Shank , Colin Newman , Tracy Bonham , Siouxsie and the Banshees and Greg Hawkes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9352c6dff088ec051108e866e9c3b259", "text": "The Show Must Go On (Queen song) `` The Show Must Go On '' is a song by the British rock band Queen , featured as the twelfth and final track on their 1991 album Innuendo . It is credited to Queen , but written mainly by Brian May . The song chronicles the effort of Freddie Mercury continuing to perform despite approaching the end of his life ; he was dying from complications due to HIV/AIDS , although his illness had not yet been made public in spite of ongoing media speculation claiming that he was seriously ill . Mercury was so ill when the band recorded the song in 1990 , that May had concerns as to whether he was physically capable of singing it . Recalling Mercury 's performance , May states ; `` I said , ` Fred , I do n't know if this is going to be possible to sing . ' And he went , ` I 'll fucking do it , darling ' -- vodka down -- and went in and killed it , completely lacerated that vocal . '' It was released as a single in the United Kingdom on 14 October 1991 in promotion for the Greatest Hits II album , just six weeks before Mercury died . Following Mercury 's death on 24 November 1991 , the song re-entered the British charts and spent as many weeks in the top 75 ( five ) as it did upon its original release , initially reaching a peak of 16 . A live version with Elton John on vocals appeared on Queen 's Greatest Hits III album . The song was first played live on 20 April 1992 , during The Freddie Mercury Tribute Concert , performed by the three remaining members of Queen , with Elton John singing lead vocals and Black Sabbath guitarist Tony Iommi playing rhythm guitar . It has since been played live by Queen + Paul Rodgers with Rodgers citing one of the performances as the best of his career . Since its release , the song has appeared on television , film , and has been covered by a number of artists .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b0b1041bcb60cf3075268aecfab44ce", "text": "Hey Jude `` Hey Jude '' is a song by the English rock band the Beatles , written by Paul McCartney and credited to Lennon -- McCartney . The ballad evolved from `` Hey Jules '' , a song McCartney wrote to comfort John Lennon 's son , Julian , during his parents ' divorce . `` Hey Jude '' begins with a verse-bridge structure incorporating McCartney 's vocal performance and piano accompaniment ; further instrumentation is added as the song progresses . After the fourth verse , the song shifts to a fade-out coda that lasts for more than four minutes . `` Hey Jude '' was released in August 1968 as the first single from the Beatles ' record label Apple Records . More than seven minutes in length , it was at the time the longest single ever to top the British charts . It also spent nine weeks at number one in the United States , the longest for any Beatles single . `` Hey Jude '' tied the `` all-time '' record , at the time , for the longest run at the top of the US charts . The single has sold approximately eight million copies and is frequently included on professional critics ' lists of the greatest songs of all time . In 2013 , Billboard named it the 10th biggest song of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a40a445e7b8f31d68bce2a4c1621090", "text": "Paul Simon in Concert: Live Rhymin' Paul Simon in Concert : Live Rhymin ' is an album by Paul Simon , released in March 1974 by Columbia Records . It was recorded in the wake of the release of There Goes Rhymin ' Simon -- which produced a number of hit singles ( `` Kodachrome '' and `` Loves Me Like a Rock '' ) and radio staples ( as `` Something So Right '' and `` Take Me to the Mardi Gras '' ) during Simon 's 1973-74 tour , at Nassau Veterans Memorial Coliseum , New York , July 10th , 1973 . However , the album presents a very truncated version of the concerts he performed on this tour , which consisted of up to 24 songs . The album fails to note where the performances were recorded , although according to liner notes in a later Simon compilation , `` Duncan '' is from a London concert and `` American Tune '' was recorded in New York City . Simon was joined by Urubamba and the Jessy Dixon Singers , although the individual members are not identified either on the recording or on the liner notes . In addition to `` Jesus Is the Answer '' , included on the album , Jessy Dixon also performed `` What Do They Call Him '' on tour , while Urubamba performed the instrumentals `` Kacharpari '' and `` Death in Santa Cruz '' . The album was Simon 's first live release and showed him performing Simon & Garfunkel songs solo in concert for the first time . The variety of songs and richness of styles helped with the album 's appeal . Most notable was Simon 's fascination with gospel , something that materialized in the arrangements on many of the songs , taking distance from Simon 's classical folk early style . Near the end of the album , an audience member calls out for Simon to `` say a few words . '' He replies : `` Say a few words ? Well , let 's hope that we continue to live . '' The album was a moderate success . It reached # 33 in the U.S. and was eventually certified gold by the RIAA . However , it failed to chart at all in the UK . Further , two of the live performances were released as a single as part of the promotion for the album : the breakthrough Simon & Garfunkel `` The Sound of Silence '' as the A-side , along with Simon 's debut single `` Mother and Child Reunion '' on the B-side .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4fd2835298e39d9e66d92d5a7f1082b", "text": "Barry Manilow Live Barry Manilow Live is the fifth album by the singer-songwriter Barry Manilow . The album was released in 1977 , and it scored quadruple platinum . Manilow also was among 1977 Special Tony Award winners Lily Tomlin , Diana Ross , National Theatre For the Deaf and Equity Library Theatre honored with the award that year . He received it for Barry Manilow on Broadway , his 12-day stay at the Uris Theatre from December 21 , 1976 to January 2 , 1977 , where this live album was recorded . The album is known for giving the first commercial release to Manilow 's VSM ( `` Very Strange Medley '' ) . Before the performance Manilow refers to this as a medley of songs that he included in his act against the values of his `` artsy fartsy friends '' . It is a medley of commercial jingles Manilow was involved with , either as a writer or performer , before he became a chart star . The products/companies these promoted include Kentucky Fried Chicken , State Farm , Stridex , Band-Aid , Bowlene , Dr. Pepper , Pepsi and McDonald 's . When first released on compact disc , dialogue and all movements to `` Beautiful Music '' were omitted for it all to fit on one disc , however the 2006 compact disc re-release restores all dialogue and songs , in addition to reordering the track listing to accommodate for the added bonus tracks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37", "text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7e3f24868307c880c2f5bdbcf58e425", "text": "La Vie Bohème `` La Vie Bohème '' ( The Bohemian Life ) is a song , which is broken into two parts ( `` La Vie Bohème A '' and `` La Vie Bohème B '' ) , in the musical Rent . The song is a celebration of bohemianism , especially the type present in the 1980s Alphabet City , Manhattan , and begins with a mocking of the character Benny 's statement that `` Bohemia is dead '' . In between the two halves of the song is an interlude featuring a romantic duet with Roger and Mimi ( `` I Should Tell You '' ) , during which they each learn that the other is HIV + and tentatively decide to begin a relationship together . In the stage musical , the second part of this song opens with a brief dialogue between Maureen and Joanne in which Joanne tells of the riot in the lot . The song then continues with the celebration of bohemianism from the first part of the song . Like the first part , the second part of La Vie Bohème lists many ideas , trends , and other symbols of bohemianism . It is a song featuring the characters of Rent holding a toast to bohemianism and shouting out what/who inspires them such as jazz poet Langston Hughes and counterculture-era comedian Lenny Bruce .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "134709d780879ef30c19b62bd67743b3", "text": "Getting in Tune `` Getting in Tune '' is a song written by Pete Townshend and originally released by the Who on their 1971 album Who 's Next . It was originally written as part of Townshend 's abandoned Lifehouse project . Its lyrics describe the power of music , as well as reflect the inner contradictions Townshend was feeling at the time between his spiritual needs and his persona as a rock star . The music incorporates a number of changes in tempo and has been praised by critics for its use of dynamics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8711d035c143fef32846e4fd3b58479", "text": "Begin the Begin `` Begin the Begin '' is the first song on R.E.M. 's fourth album , Lifes Rich Pageant . Lead singer Michael Stipe has called it `` a song of personal , political activism . '' Though never released as a single , it appeared frequently in the band 's live performances as a song early in the set . It was even used as an opening song in the live performances at their inductions into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame . The song was also included as the first track on their 2006 compilation And I Feel Fine ... The Best of the I.R.S. Years 1982-1987 . As the opening track on Lifes Rich Pageant , the song heralded a new clarity in Stipe 's vocals . Written on acoustic guitars in Stipe 's home , the original version of the song was a minute longer , with five different choruses , lacking melody and a bridge . Replete with references to Americana and revolution , the title is a pun on Cole Porter 's `` Begin the Beguine '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a4613f90ea50f7bd57b14fd18d290a7", "text": "Paul Rodgers Paul Bernard Rodgers ( born 17 December 1949 ) is an English singer , songwriter and musician , best known for his success in the 1960s and 1970s as vocalist of Free and Bad Company . He now lives in Canada as a naturalized Canadian citizen . After stints in two less successful bands in the 1980s and early 1990s , The Firm and The Law , he became a solo artist . He has more recently toured and recorded with Queen . Rodgers has been dubbed `` The Voice '' by his fans . A poll in Rolling Stone magazine ranked him number 55 on its list of the `` 100 Greatest Singers of All Time '' . In 2011 Rodgers received the British Academy 's Ivor Novello Award for Outstanding Contribution to British Music . Rodgers has been cited as a significant influence on a number of notable rock singers , including David Coverdale , John Waite , Steve Overland , Lou Gramm , Jimi Jamison , Eric Martin , Steve Walsh , Joe Lynn Turner , Paul Young , Bruce Dickinson , Robin McAuley , Jimmy Barnes , Richie Kotzen . Joe Bonamassa , and the late Ronnie Van Zant . In 1991 , John Mellencamp called Rodgers `` the best rock singer ever '' . Freddie Mercury , the original Queen vocalist , in particular liked Rodgers and his aggressive style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1849ef964aa5bd2828570baf373cf007", "text": "Bohemian Rapture Bohemian Rapture or The Violin and the Dream ( Czech : Housle a sen ) is a 1947 Czech historical drama film directed by Václav Krska and starring Jaromír Spal , Václav Voska and Karel Dostal . The film portrays the life of the Czech violinist Josef Slavík , a contemporary of Frédéric Chopin , and a rival of Nicolo Paganini . In 1948 the film was released in the United States by the arthouse distributor Artkino . This release is sometimes treated as a separate film , but is simply an English-subtitled version of the Czech original . A New York Times review of the film was negative , criticising it as `` an unusual but decidedly confusing and unrewarding offering '' and attacking in particular its use of disjointed flashback sequences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "841a0a23be8034f953116c35843f06b7", "text": "Lyric Symphony The Lyric Symphony , Op. 18 , was composed by Alexander von Zemlinsky between 1922 and 1923 and received its premiere in Prague on June 4 , 1924 , under the composer 's direction . It is Zemlinsky 's best-known work . The work is in seven connected movements and is scored for baritone and soprano soloists and a large orchestra . The sung texts are taken from The Gardener by Rabindranath Tagore in a German translation by Hans Effenberger . The movements are : Ich bin friedlos , ich bin durstig nach fernen Dingen ( `` I am restless . I am athirst for far-away things '' ) O Mutter , der junge Prinz ( `` O mother , the young Prince '' ) Du bist die Abendwolke ( `` You are the evening cloud '' ) Sprich zu mir Geliebter ( `` Speak to me , my love '' ) Befrei mich von den Banden deiner Süße , Lieb ( `` Release me from the bonds of your sweetness , Love '' ) Vollende denn das letzte Lied ( `` Then finish the last song '' ) Friede , mein Herz ( `` Peace , my heart '' ) Alban Berg quoted the third movement in his Lyric Suite for string quartet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa020ec833f5ebc1bc0d581c49151cf5", "text": "Of Thee I Sing Of Thee I Sing is a musical with a score by George Gershwin , lyrics by Ira Gershwin and a book by George S. Kaufman and Morrie Ryskind . The musical lampoons American politics ; the story concerns John P. Wintergreen , who runs for President of the United States on the `` love '' platform . When he falls in love with the sensible Mary Turner instead of Diana Devereaux , the beautiful pageant winner selected for him , he gets into political hot water . The original Broadway production , directed by Kaufman , opened in 1931 and ran for 441 performances , gaining critical and box office success . It has been revived twice on Broadway and in concert stagings in the U.S. and in London . In 1932 , Of Thee I Sing was the first musical to win the Pulitzer Prize for Drama .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02898f450d311a2d4e7abe387e1b4d75", "text": "Blackbird (Alter Bridge song) `` Blackbird '' is a song by the American rock band Alter Bridge from their album of the same name , which was released on October 8 , 2007 , by Universal Republic . At nearly eight minutes long , it is the band 's longest song to date . It has received critical acclaim since its release , having often been cited as the crowning point of both the album and the band 's career by critics , fans , and the band members themselves . In March 2011 , Guitarist magazine listed the song 's guitar solo , which is performed by both Myles Kennedy and Mark Tremonti , as the greatest guitar solo of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3ae4e1cf71c9c40762d47cfeb5d13f6", "text": "Eight Miles High `` Eight Miles High '' is a song by the American rock band the Byrds , written by Gene Clark , Jim McGuinn ( a.k.a. Roger McGuinn ) , and David Crosby and first released as a single on March 14 , 1966 ( see 1966 in music ) . Musically influenced by Ravi Shankar and John Coltrane , `` Eight Miles High '' , along with its McGuinn and Crosby-penned B-side `` Why '' , was influential in developing the musical styles of psychedelic rock , raga rock , and psychedelic pop . Accordingly , critics often cite `` Eight Miles High '' as being the first bona fide psychedelic rock song , as well as a classic of the counterculture era . The song was subject to a U.S. radio ban shortly after its release , following allegations published in the broadcasting trade journal the Gavin Report regarding perceived drug connotations in its lyrics . The band strenuously denied these allegations at the time , but in later years both Clark and Crosby admitted that the song was at least partly inspired by their own drug use . The failure of `` Eight Miles High '' to reach the Billboard Top 10 is usually attributed to the broadcasting ban , but some commentators have suggested that the song 's complexity and uncommercial nature were greater factors . `` Eight Miles High '' reached number 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 24 in the UK Singles Chart . The song was also included on the band 's third album , Fifth Dimension , which was released on July 18 , 1966 . `` Eight Miles High '' became the Byrds ' third and final U.S. Top 20 hit , and was also their last release before the departure of Gene Clark , the band 's principal songwriter at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb79f5fc4ab06f072ab9a8d8a7d1e870", "text": "The Bohemian Girl The Bohemian Girl is a ballad opera composed by Michael William Balfe with a libretto by Alfred Bunn . The plot is loosely based on a Cervantes tale , La Gitanilla . The best-known aria from the piece is `` I Dreamt I Dwelt in Marble Halls '' in which the main character , Arline , describes her vague memories of her childhood . It has been recorded by many artists , most famously by Dame Joan Sutherland , and also by the Norwegian soprano Sissel Kyrkjebø and Irish singer Enya .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af6727048d3eba2f1d4ef750c4adfea4", "text": "Emancipation of the dissonance The emancipation of the dissonance was a concept or goal put forth by composer Arnold Schoenberg and others , including his pupil Anton Webern . The phrase first appears in Schoenberg 's 1926 essay `` Opinion or Insight ? '' . It may be described as a metanarrative to justify atonality . Jim describes : Composers such as Charles Ives , Dane Rudhyar , Duke Ellington , and Lou Harrison connected the emancipation of the dissonance with the emancipation of society and humanity . Michael Broyles calls Ives tone-cluster-rich song `` Majority '' as `` an incantation , a mystical statement of belief in the masses or the people '' . Duke Ellington , after playing some of his pieces for a journalist , said , `` That 's the Negro 's life ... Hear that chord ! Dissonance is our way of life in America . We are something apart , yet an integral part '' . Lou Harrison described Carl Ruggles 's counterpoint as `` a community of singing lines , living a life of its own , ... careful not to get ahead or behind in its rhythmic cooperation with the others '' . Rudhyar gave the subtitle `` A New Principle of Musical and Social Organization '' to his book Dissonant Harmony , writing , `` Dissonant music is thus the music of true and spiritual Democracy ; the music of universal brotherhoods ; music of Free Souls , not of personalities . It abolishes tonalities , exactly as the real Buddhistic Reformation abolished castes into the Brotherhood of Monks ; for Buddhism is nothing but spiritual Democracy '' . Just as the harmonic series was and is used as a justification for consonance , such as by Rameau , among others , the harmonic series is often used as physical or psychoacoustic justification for the gradual emancipation of intervals and chords found further and further up the harmonic series over time , such as is argued by Henry Cowell in defense of his tone clusters . Some argue further that they are not dissonances , but consonances higher up the harmonic series and thus more complex . ; cited in gives the following diagram , a specific timeline he proposes : A 1996 book by Thomas J. Harrison , 1910 , the Emancipation of Dissonance , uses Schoenberg 's `` revolution '' to trace other movements in the arts around that time .", "title": "" } ]
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84058fff0fa52dcedc6eaa37c8426eea
Morgan Freeman does narration work.
[ { "docid": "07569fb3722533e72ab07f3df9ce45ab", "text": "Morgan Freeman Morgan Freeman ( born June 1 , 1937 ) is an American actor , producer and narrator . Freeman won an Academy Award in 2005 for Best Supporting Actor with Million Dollar Baby ( 2004 ) , and he has received Oscar nominations for his performances in Street Smart ( 1987 ) , Driving Miss Daisy ( 1989 ) , The Shawshank Redemption ( 1994 ) and Invictus ( 2009 ) . He has also won a Golden Globe Award and a Screen Actors Guild Award . Freeman has appeared in many other box office hits , including Glory ( 1989 ) , Robin Hood : Prince of Thieves ( 1991 ) , Seven ( 1995 ) , Deep Impact ( 1998 ) , The Sum of All Fears ( 2002 ) , Bruce Almighty ( 2003 ) , The Dark Knight Trilogy ( 2005 -- 2012 ) , The Lego Movie ( 2014 ) , and Lucy ( 2014 ) . He rose to fame as part of the cast of the 1970s children 's program The Electric Company . Morgan Freeman is ranked as the 4th highest box office star with over $ 4.316 billion total box office gross , an average of $ 74.4 million per film .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "708658e19ba47c0bbee24403522dc819", "text": "Casandra Morgan Casandra Morgan is an American television soap opera script writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3052b82b945fee9653cba6f064d02829", "text": "Benoît Allemane Benoît Allemane ( born November 30 , 1934 ) is a French voice actor who specializes in dubbing . He is the official French dub-over voice of Morgan Freeman . According to IMDb , he also provided the voice of King Harkinian in Link : The Faces of Evil .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af1381128fe50ff309f147c4d0c54313", "text": "Lori McCreary Lori McCreary ( born in Antioch , California ) is an American motion picture producer and computer scientist . She is co-founder and CEO of the production company Revelations Entertainment , which she co-founded with actor Morgan Freeman . McCreary graduated from UCLA with a degree in Computer Science . While still in college , she co-founded software company CompuLaw , now a part of Aderant . McCreary 's appreciation for the stage play Bopha ! inspired her to go into motion picture production . Actor Morgan Freeman was signed to direct the film . Later , the pair partnered in the formation of Revelations Entertainment in 1996 with a mission to produce entertainment that reveals truth . As Revelations CEO , McCreary most recently produced The Magic of Belle Isle , directed by Rob Reiner . Before that , she produced Invictus , directed by Clint Eastwood , with Freeman starring in the long-awaited portrayal of Nelson Mandela and co-starring Matt Damon . In addition , she serves as the Executive Producer of Discovery Science 's Through the Wormhole With Morgan Freeman . Utilizing the latest work at NASA , the series explores how astrobiology , string theory , quantum mechanics and astrophysics are pushing the boundaries of our understanding of the universe . McCreary 's additional producer credits include Mimi Leder 's Thick as Thieves with Antonio Banderas and The Maiden Heist starring Christopher Walken , William H. Macy , Marcia Gay Harden and Morgan Freeman . Revelations also co-produced Along Came a Spider for Paramount Pictures . In July 2005 , Revelations Entertainment teamed with Intel to form a new digital entertainment company , ClickStar . ClickStar officially launched their site on December 15 , 2006 , where it was the first website to legally make a movie ( Revelation 's 10 Items or Less ) available for download while it was still in theaters . McCreary sits on the Board of the Producers Guild of America and as of June 2014 , was elected President of the Producers Guild of America ( PGA ) along with Gary Lucchesi . McCreary still holds this post . She is the Founder of the PGA 's Motion Picture Technology Committee and sits on the Producers Council of the PGA and on the Technology Committee of the American Society of Cinematographers . She is also a member of The Society of Motion Picture and Television Engineers ( SMPTE ) and The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers , Inc. ( IEEE ) . In addition , she was profiled by The Hollywood Reporter in its 100 Most Powerful Women in Hollywood issue .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b", "text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c602f84a17be96e1f1f444d09d5635e", "text": "ClickStar ClickStar was a broadband movie distribution company founded by actor Morgan Freeman and film producer Lori McCreary of Revelations Entertainment . ClickStar launched on December 15 , 2006 under the leadership of interim CEO James J. Ackerman and Chairman/Co-Founder Lori McCreary . The company is no longer in operation . In 2006 ClickStar became the first company in motion picture history to offer a legitimate motion picture download , 10 Items or Less , while the film was still playing in theaters . ClickStar was highlighted by the American Film Institute in their AFI Awards 2006 `` Moments of Significance '' for this achievement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "55e3d3f8aae964c2ee8c92f04da2b305", "text": "Apocalypse: The Second World War Apocalypse : The Second World War ( French : Apocalypse , la 2e Guerre mondiale ) ( 2009 ) is a six-part French documentary by Daniel Costelle and Isabelle Clarke about the Second World War . The music of the documentary was composed by Kenji Kawai . The documentary is composed exclusively of actual footage of the war as filmed by war correspondents , soldiers , resistance fighters and private citizens . The series is shown in color , with the black-and-white footage being fully colorized , save for some original color footage . The only exception to the treatment are most Holocaust scenes , which are presented in the original black and white . It was first aired from August 20 and 27 and September 3 on the French-speaking Belgian RTBF then on August 23 and 30 and September 6 on the French-speaking Swiss TSR and finally on September 8 , 2009 , to September 22 , 2009 , on France 2 channel . It was narrated in French by actor/director Mathieu Kassovitz . The documentary was shown on the Smithsonian Channel in the United States , where it was narrated by actor Martin Sheen , on the National Geographic Channel and Channel 4 in the United Kingdom , where it was narrated by actor Jonathan Booth , Canada , the Netherlands , Poland , Australia , Romania and Asia , on YLE Teema in Finland , on Rete 4 in Italy , on IBA , the national public channel in Israel , on RTP2 , the national public channel in Portugal , and on La 2 , the national public channel in Spain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8ff5e5ccef373441d5aefc5d5f9731b", "text": "The Robinsons The Robinsons is a British comedy television series that debuted on BBC Two on 5 May 2005 . The show 's central character is a divorced reinsurance actuary , Ed Robinson ( played by Martin Freeman ) , who realises that reinsurance is not his passion and decides to rethink his life . The series is written and directed by Mark Bussell and Justin Sbresni . The show 's executive producers include Jon Plowman and Michele Buck .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f12310d5edb57fdd536f8c68cb620c5", "text": "Brooks Moore Brooks Turner Moore is a Canadian television narrator who has primarily provided voiceovers for programs broadcast on the Discovery Channel and its related networks . His most prominent work is narrating How It 's Made for broadcast in the United States . Although he was replaced by Zac Fine in the 9th season ( 2007 -- 2008 ) , Moore returned for the 10th season ( 2008 -- 2009 ) following a fan petition to bring him back . He remains the show 's narrator to this day . Moore also narrates How It 's Made Dream Cars on Science , as well as Judge Faith and works in the fields of directing and producing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a284d78741d5b9423cd72549f35b4f16", "text": "Voice-over Voice-over ( also known as off-camera or off-stage commentary ) is a production technique where a voice -- that is not part of the narrative ( non-diegetic ) -- is used in a radio , television production , filmmaking , theatre , or other presentations . The voice-over is read from a script and may be spoken by someone who appears elsewhere in the production or by a specialist voice talent . It is usually pre-recorded and placed over the top of a film or video and commonly used in documentaries or news reports to explain information . Voiceover is used in video games and on-hold messages , as well as for announcements and information at events and tourist destinations . It may also be read live for events such as award presentations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09585560ed9516ec0dacd172d80025c0", "text": "David Morgan (comedian) David Morgan is a British stand-up comedian from Solihull .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4031ee0f69f0cf1e9a5a8f0ff9286923", "text": "Morgan Stark Morgan Stark is a Marvel Comics character .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb40e0ca2db7167e14a60c848854589b", "text": "David Morgan (psychoanalyst) David Howell Morgan ( BAHons D.Clin.Psych . FBPAS FPBPA SMBPF . Training Analyst Supervisor IPA . AMBPS . MBPC ) is a psychoanalyst and consultant psychotherapist who has worked at the Portman Clinic London for 25 years . He went on to specialise in patients ' presenting with problems around sexuality and violence . Morgan co-edited a popular textbook on sexuality , perversion and delinquency . He is now a psychoanalyst and consultant seeing private patients and provides consultations to political groups . He is chair of the Political Minds Seminars at the British Psychoanalytic Society . He regularly contributes to radio and television and lectures nationally and internationally . He is a senior lecturer at City University London and Essex University . Morgan 's recent research has focused on the psychological implications for whistleblowers and the conditions , socially , politically , and psychologically under which a person may `` turn a blind eye '' or take on the responsibility of whistleblowing . He also presents a podcast called Frontier Psychologist on BBC i-player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8f202eb1057c919c54377c80851b4b0", "text": "Penn & Teller: Off the Deep End Penn & Teller : Off the Deep End is a two-hour special that premiered on NBC on November 13 , 2005 . It featured magicians Penn & Teller performing a variety of illusions in various locations around the Caribbean , most of which were done underwater or involved marine animals . It also featured a performance by musician Aaron Carter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4f818db4c978aeb56e8a17fc687b6e6", "text": "Thomas & Friends (series 14) Thomas & Friends ( previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends ) is a children 's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor , and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry . This article lists and details episodes from the fourteenth series of the show , which was first broadcast in 2010 . This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the UK audiences , while Michael Brandon narrates the episodes for the US audiences .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "535661c5dd0a39867bcef311cb225534", "text": "Did You Hear About the Morgans? Did You Hear About the Morgans ? is a 2009 American romantic comedy film directed and written by Marc Lawrence . Golden Globe winners Hugh Grant and Sarah Jessica Parker portray the film 's protagonists , Paul and Meryl Morgan , a recently separated New York power couple on the verge of divorce until they witness the murder of Meryl 's client . They are forced to enter into temporary witness protection , given new identities , and relocated to a small Wyoming town ( the fictional Ray , Wyoming , 45 minutes out of Cody ) . Supporting roles are played by Sam Elliott , Academy Award winner Mary Steenburgen , Elisabeth Moss , and Wilford Brimley . It is the second collaboration of Grant and Parker , following the 1996 film Extreme Measures . The film premiered in New York on December 14 , 2009 and in London the following day . It was released to the United States on December 18 and to most of Europe in January 2010 . It received mostly negative reviews from critics . Compiled ratings from the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film an average rating of 3.5 out of 10 . The film grossed $ 6,616,571 in its opening weekend and earned $ 85 million worldwide . Did You Hear About the Morgans ? was the 70th most successful film worldwide for 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66f5a9016bf0acc1f96b2301f1e0e361", "text": "Thomas & Friends (series 6) Thomas & Friends ( previously known as Thomas the Tank Engine & Friends ) is a children 's television series about the engines and other characters working on the railways of the Island of Sodor , and is based on The Railway Series books written by the Rev. W. Awdry . This article lists and details episodes from the sixth series of the show , which was first broadcast in 2002 . This series was narrated by Michael Angelis for the U.K. audiences , who also re-dubbed only two episodes for the U.S. audiences , while Alec Baldwin narrated the episodes for the U.S. audiences , which was also his last series . Six were re-dubbed by Michael Brandon for the U.S. audiences . Most episodes in this series have two titles : the original titles from the U.K. broadcasts are shown on top , while the American-adapted titles are shown underneath .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a8c05fef167a1e0cc96f35e16b1e7d5", "text": "Selected Shorts Selected Shorts is an event at New York 's Symphony Space on the Upper West Side , in which screen and stage actors read classic and new short fiction before a live audience . The stage show began in 1985 and continues today at Symphony Space 's Peter Jay Sharp Theater . The annual season of the live events at Symphony Space begins in the mid-fall and ends in mid-spring . There is a theme to each Selected Shorts episode and performance . Several stories are presented around each theme . The stories are always fiction , sometimes classic , sometimes new , always performed by actors from stage , screen and television who bring these short stories to life . Evenings are often co-hosted by writers , literary producers , and other interesting characters . Symphony Space 's Artistic Director Isaiah Sheffer formerly hosted the live events , although many Selected Shorts also feature guest hosts , often well-known writers , who also choose which stories will be read . Mr. Sheffer died on November 9 , 2012 at age 76 . Actor BD Wong acts as the host of the live events since the fall of 2012 . The readings are recorded live and become the basis of a one-hour radio program , hosted by actors , authors , and entertainers such as David Sedaris , Stephen Colbert , Cynthia Nixon , Wyatt Cenac , and Jane Kaczmarek , with literary commentator Hannah Tinti of One Story Magazine , and are produced in conjunction with WNYC . The programs are distributed by Public Radio International and air on PRI-affiliated public radio stations in the United States . The radio program airs weekly throughout the year . Originally , the program was distributed by National Public Radio . However , in October 2007 , it moved its distribution to PRI , Public Radio International . The program 's theme is David Peterson 's `` That 's the Deal , '' performed by the Deardorf/Peterson group . Until 2011 , the radio show began and ended with the piano and cello duet `` Come to the Meadow '' by Roger Kellaway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d324e99a985c50e851473d8a216b706", "text": "Exposition (narrative) Narrative exposition is the insertion of important background information within a story ; for example , information about the setting , characters ' backstories , prior plot events , historical context , etc. . In a specifically literary context , exposition appears in the form of expository writing embedded within the narrative . Exposition is one of four rhetorical modes ( also known as modes of discourse ) , along with description , argumentation , and narration , as elucidated by Alexander Bain and John Genung . Each of the rhetorical modes is present in a variety of forms , and each has its own purpose and conventions . There are several ways to accomplish exposition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fbaadfc2b1e43f268d984d01c228d75", "text": "The Atkinson People The Atkinson People is a 1979 BBC radio comedy series . The series , which was first broadcast sporadically in 1979 by the BBC 's arts radio station Radio 3 , features a satirical profile of a fictional famous person each week . It is notable as being the first radio or television programme to star comedian and actor Rowan Atkinson . The programme was co-written by Atkinson and Richard Curtis and produced by future Not the Nine O'Clock News co-star Griff Rhys Jones , then a BBC Radio Comedy producer . In most cases , Atkinson played the lead characters , with other voices provided by Hugh Thomas and Peter Wilson . Following the precedent set by The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy , the series was also an early adopter of stereophonic sound ; it was recorded in 1978 , and broadcast in 1979 . The series has been repeated on BBC Radio 7 and its successor BBC Radio 4 Extra , and was picked by Armando Iannucci during his stint as `` comedy controller '' .", "title": "" } ]
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2b9006c9fa015cb82ef6d9bcff2992b5
On opening weekend, Toy Story was the highest-grossing film.
[ { "docid": "b81a407bff682f4ea1b7ac02aa4a16a2", "text": "Toy Story Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The directorial debut of John Lasseter , Toy Story was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first theatrical film produced by Pixar . Taking place in a world where anthropomorphic toys pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present , the film 's plot focuses on the relationship between Woody , an old-fashioned pullstring cowboy doll ( voiced by Tom Hanks ) , and Buzz Lightyear , an astronaut action figure ( voiced by Tim Allen ) , as they evolve from rivals competing for the affections of Andy , their owner , to friends who work together to be reunited with Andy as his family prepares to move to a new home . The screenplay was written by Joss Whedon , Andrew Stanton , Joel Cohen and Alec Sokolow , based on a story by Lasseter , Pete Docter , Stanton and Joe Ranft . The film features music by Randy Newman , and was executive-produced by Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull . Pixar , which produced short animated films to promote their computers , was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature after the success of their short film Tin Toy ( 1988 ) , which is told from a small toy 's perspective . Lasseter , Stanton and Docter wrote early story treatments which were thrown out by Disney , as they wanted the film to be edgier . After disastrous story reels , production was halted and the script was re-written , better reflecting the tone and theme Pixar desired : that `` toys deeply want children to play with them , and that this desire drives their hopes , fears , and actions '' . The studio , then consisting of a relatively small number of employees , produced the film under minor financial constraints . Released in theaters on November 22 , 1995 , Toy Story was the highest-grossing film on its opening weekend and earned over $ 373 million worldwide . The film was widely acclaimed by critics , who praised the animation 's technical innovation , the wit and thematic sophistication of the screenplay , and the performances of Hanks and Allen . It is now considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made . The film received three Academy Award nominations , including Best Original Screenplay , Best Original Score , and Best Original Song for `` You 've Got a Friend in Me '' , as well as winning a Special Achievement Academy Award . It was inducted into the National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' in 2005 , its first year of eligibility . In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases , Toy Story-inspired material has run the gamut from toys , video games , theme park attractions , spin-offs , merchandise , and two sequels -- Toy Story 2 ( 1999 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) -- both of which also garnered massive commercial success and critical acclaim , with a third sequel , Toy Story 4 , slated for a 2019 release .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6", "text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4", "text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659", "text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15952371bce5eb94c58b8063484c4a49", "text": "Object animation Object animation is a form of stop motion animation that involves the animated movements of any non-drawn objects such as toys , blocks , dolls , etc. which are not fully malleable , such as clay or wax , and not designed to look like a recognizable human or animal character . Object animation is considered a different form of animation distinct from model animation and puppet animation , as these two forms of stop-motion animation usually use recognizable characters as their subjects , rather than just objects like static toy soldiers , or construction toys such as Tinker Toys , LEGO brand bricks ( Brickfilm ) , Lincoln Logs , Erector Sets , Playmobil , etc. . Object animation is often combined with other forms of animation , typically for a more realistic effect ( e.g. , Model Animation or Puppet Animation to add more complex movement or depth to the characters ) . For example , a toy car can be animated without a driver , but is more often animated with a character easily seen driving the car . The use of animated objects in film has been present since the early days of cinema . An example of modern object animation can be seen on Robot Chicken , part of the regular Adult Swim block on Cartoon Network , which combines object animation with a variation of puppet animation , in this case the puppets are made to resemble plastic action figures from various TV shows , movies , and pop culture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3784c925aa837a7d67f0ea5fe566b192", "text": "Pixar Play Parade Pixar Play Parade was a parade at Disney California Adventure . The parade features floats and characters based on Disney · Pixar films such as Monsters , Inc. , The Incredibles , and Toy Story . In a first for Disney California Adventure , the floats feature small water jets that shoot water into the crowd of spectators ( this parade effect was first introduced in 1993 for `` Aladdin 's Royal Caravan '' at Disneyland . The music used in the parade is derived from Hong Kong Disneyland 's Mickey 's WaterWorks Parade , both having the same tunes with changes in lyrics . Due to the large construction phase in the park , the parade went on hiatus starting on January 4 , 2011 . It was originally set to return in November , however it did not as construction was still ongoing . During the hiatus , it was replaced by `` Pixar Pals '' , an interactive show that only featured characters from Monsters , Inc. and The Incredibles . Pixar Pals concluded in May 2012 and Pixar Play Parade returned on June 15 , 2012 to coincide with the grand reopening of Disney California Adventure . During the 2016 Disney California Adventure Food & Wine Festival , the parade was put on hiatus and Pixar pals temporarily return to the park with `` The Incredibles '' , but `` The Monsters Inc '' float did not return this time . The parade later returned when the food and wine festival ended .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4", "text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac", "text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a", "text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e", "text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2fa144f5dda662a5f87333db37830be4", "text": "Sheriff Woody Sheriff Woody Pride is a fictional character in the Toy Story franchise . He is voiced by Tom Hanks in all of the feature-length and short films and by Jim Hanks in video games and shorts . He is a stuffed cowboy character that leads the other toys in adventures in the movies . His facial features are based on Tone Thyne , an animator for Disney at the time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f", "text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84bd95ee377d47b14e614034ea9b73f3", "text": "Tiny Toon Adventures: How I Spent My Vacation Tiny Toon Adventures : How I Spent My Vacation is a 1992 American direct-to-video animated comedy film from Warner Bros. . Animation and Amblin Entertainment . Featuring the regular characters from the animated program Tiny Toon Adventures , the film follows them during their summer vacation from school , mainly focused on Babs and Buster going downriver , Plucky and Hamton going to a world-famous amusement park , and Fifi in search of her favorite movie star . Steven Spielberg was the executive producer of the film , which was written by Paul Dini , Nicholas Hollander , Tom Ruegger , and Sherri Stoner . Japanese studio Tokyo Movie Shinsha produced the animation . How I Spent My Vacation was released on VHS and LaserDisc formats on March 11 , 1992 . It was the first animated film to be released direct-to-video in the United States . The film was later aired on television as four separate Tiny Toon Adventures episodes . The film was one of the highest selling videos in the United States , listing on Billboard magazine 's 40 `` Top Video Sales '' for 16 weeks as of July 1992 . Points of praise by critics included the film 's jokes and celebrity caricatures , while points of criticism included the segmented plot . Themes of the film included parodies of pop culture and summer vacations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3cf777bb37ee96a0c3f614f975235b99", "text": "Tron Tron is a 1982 American science fiction action-adventure film written and directed by Steven Lisberger , based on a story by Lisberger and Bonnie MacBird and produced by Walt Disney Productions . The film stars Jeff Bridges as a computer programmer who is transported inside the software world of a mainframe computer where he interacts with programs in his attempt to escape . Bruce Boxleitner , David Warner , Cindy Morgan , and Barnard Hughes star in supporting roles . Development of Tron began in 1976 when Lisberger became fascinated with the early video game Pong . He and producer Donald Kushner set up an animation studio to develop Tron with the intention of making it an animated film . Indeed , to promote the studio itself , Lisberger and his team created a 30-second animation featuring the first appearance of the eponymous character . Eventually , Lisberger decided to include live-action elements with both backlit and computer animation for the actual feature-length film . Various film studios had rejected the storyboards for the film before Walt Disney Studios agreed to finance and distribute Tron . There , backlit animation was finally combined with the computer animation and live action . Tron was released on July 9 , 1982 in 1,091 theaters in the United States . The film was a moderate success at the box office , and received positive reviews from critics who praised the groundbreaking visuals and acting . However , the storyline was criticized at the time for being incoherent . Tron received nominations for Best Costume Design and Best Sound at the 55th Academy Awards , and received the Academy Award for Technical Achievement fourteen years later . Over time , Tron developed into a cult film and eventually spawned a franchise , which consists of multiple video games , comic books and an animated television series . A sequel titled Tron : Legacy directed by Joseph Kosinski was released on December 17 , 2010 , with Bridges and Boxleitner reprising their roles , and Lisberger acting as producer .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d79f4213b6d15063b6061b9100b711d8
Kiefer Sutherland is a German.
[ { "docid": "eca6ea5fa2b9ad3dca6f25362e32b738", "text": "Kiefer Sutherland Kiefer William Frederick Dempsey George Rufus Sutherland ( born 21 December 1966 ) is a British born Canadian actor , producer , director , and singer-songwriter . One of his better-known roles was Jack Bauer on the Fox drama series 24 ( 2001 -- 2010 ) , for which he earned an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two Screen Actors Guild Awards and two Satellite Awards . He has also starred as Martin Bohm in the Fox drama Touch , and provided the facial motion capture and English voices for Big Boss and Venom Snake in the video games Metal Gear Solid V : Ground Zeroes and Metal Gear Solid V : The Phantom Pain . He currently stars as President Tom Kirkman in the ABC political drama series Designated Survivor . Sutherland got his first leading film role in the Canadian drama The Bay Boy ( 1984 ) , which earned him a Genie Award nomination . Since that time he has had a successful movie career , starring in films like Stand by Me ( 1986 ) , The Lost Boys ( 1987 ) , Young Guns ( 1988 ) , Flatliners ( 1990 ) , A Few Good Men ( 1992 ) , The Three Musketeers ( 1993 ) , A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) , Dark City ( 1998 ) , Phone Booth ( 2002 ) , Melancholia ( 2011 ) , Pompeii ( 2014 ) and Forsaken ( 2016 ) . Sutherland has been inducted to Hollywood Walk of Fame and Canada 's Walk of Fame , and further has been bestowed with a Lifetime Achievement Award from Zurich Film Festival .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8ccc6b28316ae31a18e361e2f5b2c3b2", "text": "To End All Wars To End All Wars is a 2001 war film starring Robert Carlyle , Kiefer Sutherland and Sakae Kimura and directed by David L. Cunningham .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0e15bb3d42220ad8bbb38c854471689", "text": "Georg Kieninger Georg Kieninger ( 5 June 1902 in Munich -- 25 January 1975 in Düsseldorf ) was a German chess player and International Master ( IM ) . An avid cigar smoker , Kieninger was nicknamed `` Eisernen Schorsch '' ( roughly translated as `` Iron Georgie '' ) because of his fighting style . He won the German Chess Championship in 1937 , 1940 , and 1947 . In 1950 , FIDE awarded him the IM title . His major openings were the Ruy Lopez and the French Defence ( MacCutcheon Variation ) . The famous Kieninger Trap in the Budapest Gambit ( 1 . d4 Nf6 2 . c4 e5 3 . dxe5 Ng4 4 . Bf4 Nc6 5 . Nf3 Bb4 + 6 . Nbd2 Qe7 7 . a3 Ngxe5 ! 8 . axb4 ?? Nd3 # ) is named after him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "337042ae68a485b3bd4948bc9bae7f90", "text": "Schrecklichkeit Schrecklichkeit ( German `` terror '' or `` frightfulness '' ) is a word used by English speakers to describe an assumed military policy of the German Army towards civilians in World War I. It was the basis of German actions during their march through Belgium in 1914 . Similar policies were followed later in France , the Russian-held area of Poland , and in Russia . Under the traditional `` laws of war '' in Europe , military activity was to be confined to the regular , uniformed armies of each side . Civilians were to take no part in fighting , neither attacking or being attacked . Thus , when the uniformed army troops in a nation or region were all defeated , resistance was supposed to end . In practice , informal resistance by `` partisans '' , `` guerrillas '' , or `` francs-tireurs '' often continued after the `` regular '' troops had given up or withdrawn . These fighters , never officially enrolled in an army , and not wearing uniforms to identify them as combatants , attacked occupying troops by ambushes , surprises , and sniping . Conducting such operations out of uniform was considered perfidy , and those involved could be executed . Occupying armies sometimes responded to such attacks by reprisals against the local population : execution of local inhabitants , whether known to be guerrillas or not , or destruction ( usually by burning ) of homes and other structures . German army doctrine in force at the time called for such reprisals to be performed immediately and severely in any case of civilian resistance . It was argued that such schrecklichkeit would end resistance quickly with relatively little bloodshed , whereas restraint would encourage resistance , leading to greater destruction and death . When Germany invaded Belgium in 1914 , the German high command expected to sweep through the country with negligible opposition . The German army was many times larger and stronger than the Belgian army , and the Germans therefore thought that any resistance by Belgium would be futile . German leaders had even suggested to the Belgian government that in the event of war , the Belgians should just line up along the roads and watch the Germans march through . Belgium 's refusal to accept these German presumptions and its resistance to the German advance came as a surprise , and disrupted the German timetable for advancing into France . This frustration was communicated to the German troops in Belgium . Anything which delayed the German advance was to be crushed mercilessly . The Belgians were viewed as irrational and even treacherous for their opposition . This led to exaggerated suspicions among German commanders of Belgian civilian resistance . It is possible that some Belgian civilians engaged in resistance , though none is documented . It is certain that on several occasions , German commanders declared ( probably in unconscious error ) that such acts had occurred when they had not . The Germans responded to these perceived acts of resistance with harsh measures . In several villages and towns , hundreds of civilians were executed . Many buildings were put to the torch . Priests thought guilty of encouraging the resistance were killed . Violence by German soldiers against Belgians , such as rape , was ignored or not seriously punished . The Belgian city of Leuven was largely destroyed . One German officer later wrote about the town , `` We shall wipe it out ... Not one stone will stand upon another . We will teach them to respect Germany . For generations people will come here and see what we have done '' . These actions , taken in a period of near-panic as the German forces desperately tried to carry out their flanking march before Allied forces could respond , proved to be a propaganda disaster for Germany . The reports of them caused a wave of indignation which aided the Allied cause .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb0c39624d49a298f70eac11c67523fa", "text": "Kirsty Sutherland Kirsty Sutherland is a fictional character from the Australian Channel Seven soap opera Home and Away , played by Christie Hayes between 2000 and 2005 and again from 2008 to 2009 . Kirsty first appeared on-screen during the episode airing on 19 June 2000 and has been involved in one of the serial 's most controversial storylines in which she knowingly started a relationship with a man who sexually assaulted her sister . Other notable plots include a baby swap plot , two miscarriages and a string of relationships including one with her supposed half-brother . Actress Hayes began playing the role at age thirteen and has quit the serial on two occasions , she made her original departure on 23 February 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d63d1bbe5e72456ef49ddb049b0855f5", "text": "Obergefreiter Obergefreiter ( abbr . OGefr . ) is a rank of the German and Swiss militaries which dates from the 19th century . The rank was only used in the German army 's heavy artillery branch ( Fußartillerie ) before 1919 and commonly established with the founding of the Reichswehr . Translated as `` senior lance-corporal '' , in World War II the rank was normally given to soldiers who had command over small squads or to those soldiers who held the rank of Gefreiter and had performed a significant feat of achievement . An Obergefreiter was not considered a non-commissioned officer ( Unteroffizier ) . In today 's Bundeswehr , every Gefreiter is normally promoted Obergefreiter after six months . The NATO-Code is OR-3 which would make Obergefreiter the equivalent to private / airman / seaman first class in most forces or , e.g. , lance corporal in the Australian/New Zealand Forces . Like all enlisted personnel in the German Bundeswehr , soldiers of this rank have no military authority over lower ranking enlisted personnel ( for instance Schütze or Gefreiter ) , except given by a higher rank . In the Swiss Armed Forces the rank of Obergefreiter ( short : Obgfr ) was introduced after a long debate on 1 January 2004 . They are specialists , who take over tasks of responsibility or hold the position of a group commander . In the Bundeswehr the lower rank is Gefreiter while the next rank is Hauptgefreiter . The lower rank in the Swiss Army is also Gefreiter , the next rank is Korporal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7da7c8bc7a56844e0ddded827b6a5aa", "text": "Wiedergutmachung The German word Wiedergutmachung after World War II refers to the reparations that the German government agreed to pay in 1953 to the direct survivors of the Holocaust , and to those who were made to work as forced labour or who otherwise became victims of the Nazis . The sum would amount , through the years , to over 100 billion Deutsche Mark . Historian Tony Judt writes about Wiedergutmachung : In making this agreement Konrad Adenauer ran some domestic political risk : in December 1951 , just 5 percent of West Germans surveyed admitted feeling ` guilty ' towards Jews . A further 29 percent acknowledged that Germany owed some restitution to the Jewish people . The rest were divided between those ( some two-fifths of respondents ) who thought that only people ` who really committed something ' were responsible and should pay , and those ( 21 percent ) who thought ` that the Jews themselves were partly responsible for what happened to them during the Third Reich . ' When the restitution agreement was debated in the Bundestag on March 18th 1953 , the Communists voted against , the Free Democrats abstained and both the Christian Social Union and Adenauer 's own CDU were divided , with many voting against any Wiedergutmachung ( reparations ) . The noun Wiedergutmachung is the general term for `` restitution '' or `` reparation '' . The noun is made up of wieder ( `` again '' ) , gut ( `` good '' or `` well '' ) , and machung , a verbal noun of machen ( `` to make '' ) . The verb wiedergutmachen means literally `` to make good again '' or to compensate . Wiedergutmachungsgeld means `` Wiedergutmachung money '' . In the former East Germany , Wiedergutmachung was mostly directed to Poland and the former USSR . The German federal office currently in charge of this issue is the Bundesamt für zentrale Dienste und offene Vermögensfragen ( BADV ) ( Federal Office for Central Services and Unresolved Property Issues ) . It applies the `` Federal Compensation Laws '' ) and took these responsibilities over from the Verwaltungsamt für innere Restitutionen which , in its charter , states : Individuals who were persecuted for political , racial , religious or ideological reasons by the wartime German regime are eligible for money from the German government under the terms of the Federal Compensation Law ( BEG ) of 1953 and 1956 . This includes Jews who were interned in camps or ghettos , were obliged to wear the star badge , or who lived in hiding . Only people who were directly victimised are eligible for Wiedergutmachung , and not , for example , offspring born after the war or grandchildren . Statistics concerning Wiedergutmachung payments were released by the BEG through the mid-1980s , but have not since been publicly released . As of the mid-1980s , over four million claims had been filed and paid . Approximately 40 % of the claims were from Israel , where many Holocaust survivors live , 20 % were from Germany , and 40 % were from other countries . An unusual compensation was to the Republic of Ireland , a neutral country , for bombings in 1941 . On 3 December 1998 , Germany was a signer of the `` Washington Principles on Nazi-Confiscated Art '' . Adherence to these principles is strictly voluntary and not a legal requirement . The Washington Principles cover only items in the possession of public institutions , and not items in the possession of private individuals . Germany has no law in effect which actively requires institutions to have their possessions searched for Nazi-looted goods , unlike the 1998 restitution law in Austria .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2acf90eaa29797755a7b7d121bd44aa2", "text": "Ketwurst Ketwurst is a form of hot dog created in the German Democratic Republic . The word `` Ketwurst '' comes from a combination of Ketchup and Wurst ( German for `` sausage '' ) . Its preparation involves the heating of a special Bockwurst , larger than regular hot dogs , in water . A long roll is pierced by a hot metal cylinder , which creates an appropriate sized hole . The sausage is then dunked in ketchup and put inside of the roll . The Ketwurst was invented at the State Gastronomical Research Center -- like the Grilletta , a hamburger-like meatball-in-a-bun -- around 19771978 . At that time , restaurants at the Berlin TV Tower were incapable of handling the large numbers of visitors , so a take-away food was needed . It is often considered the archetypical East German fast food , but until German reunification , it was actually rarely seen outside the Berlin city center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f9d5d207d29b83e5bb3a26d1b8b4918", "text": "Jakob Kiefer Jakob Kiefer ( 3 December 1919 -- 18 January 1991 ) was a German gymnast . He competed at the 1952 and 1956 Summer Olympics in all artistic gymnastics events and finished in fourth and fifth place with the German team , respectively . Individually his best achievement was seventh place on the vault in 1956 . During his career he won 12 national titles , on the parallel bars ( 1950 , 1954 ) , pommel horse ( 1950 , 1951 and 1954 ) , rings ( 1950 ) , vault ( 1950 , 1954 ) , horizontal bar ( 1950 ) , floor ( 1950 ) and allround ( 1950 , 1951 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6881a356abf00ca4f1906ebba14b62e", "text": "Detlef Bothe (actor) Detlef Bothe ( born 24 July 1965 ) is a German actor , screenwriter , film director and producer . Since the early 1990s , he has appeared in numerous film and television productions , both German and international . In 2015 , he appeared in the James Bond film Spectre as a henchman , in a scene where he and Q ( Ben Whishaw ) are seen riding a cable car in the Austrian Alps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6d8210c2f8e63e13778d219249f7031", "text": "Der Eugen Der Eugen is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5800c037bdac84210f61053ecf60ed7", "text": "Die Rettungsflieger Die Rettungsflieger is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3e34c42c29ec749f3dbf3b548f6c248", "text": "Kiezgeschichten Kiezgeschichten is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b18e994809c2388822a4dfa70e6420fb", "text": "Minister of Intra-German Relations The Federal Minister of Intra-German Relations ( Bundesminister für innerdeutsche Beziehungen ) was a federal cabinet minister of the Federal Republic of Germany ( West Germany ) . The office was created under the title of Federal Minister of All-German Affairs ( Bundesminister für gesamtdeutsche Fragen ) in 1949 , being also in charge of the German lands east of the Oder -- Neisse line which had been put under Polish or Soviet administration . In 1951 , the first Minister of All-German Affairs Jakob Kaiser openly raised claim to even greater territories including Austria , parts of Switzerland , the Saar area and Alsace-Lorraine . The ministry was renamed in 1969 because `` All German '' might have evoked irredentist associations . The change of the name was supported by left and right wing politicians . The ministry was abolished in 1991 when a new government was established after the federal election of December 1990 , some months after German reunification , having supported the transition . Since West Germany maintained an exclusive mandate for all of Germany , and the legal pretense that the authorities of the German Democratic Republic ( East Germany ) or Soviet occupation zone ( SBZ ) should not be recognized , it could not handle relations with East Germany through the Federal Foreign Office , since this would acknowledge that the GDR was a separate country . Hence , a separate ministry for relations within Germany had to be created . Since this ministry had very limited competence and virtually no political power , it soon became a post used by chancellors to block rivals without publicly offending them . One of the main tasks of the ministry was the publication of information material about the situation in the East , to keep the idea of German unity alive and to inform the public about actions of the East German government . When German reunification became a possibility after the fall of the Berlin Wall and the opening of the inner German border on 9 November 1989 , the ministry was completely disempowered by Chancellor Helmut Kohl ; all intra-German affairs were now handled by the Ministry of the Interior under Wolfgang Schäuble . Formally , the ministry continued to exist until 1991 in order to facilitate transition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "411e8d2f37b3f71ade18b9373c09bea4", "text": "Reel of the 51st Highlanders One of the most popular Scottish country dances of all time , the Reel of the 51st Highland Division is a modern Scottish country dance written by Lieutenant J.E.M. ` Jimmy ' Atkinson of the 7th Battalion The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders while in a POW camp during the Second World War . Captured together with the vast majority of the British 51st ( Highland ) Division during the Battle of Dunkirk in 1940 , Atkinson spent the rest of the war as a POW in Germany . His idea of a reel with a Saint Andrew ′ s Cross in its key formation was intended to symbolise Scotland and the Highland Division , in adversity . Atkinson 's letter home with instructions for the dance was intercepted by the German security service , the Abwehr , who spent the rest of the war trying to break the code . However , another version of the dance reached Scotland where it was published while Atkinson was still a POW and became instantly popular . Also known as the Laufen Reel after Laufen Castle near Salzburg , the 51st Country Dance , the Reel of the 51st Highland Division , and St Valery 's Reel , it is often danced in a set composed entirely of men .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "737b10cbc884817f304997a49e7af4ea", "text": "Richard Sutherland (disambiguation) Richard K. Sutherland ( 1893 -- 1966 ) was a US Army general . Richard Sutherland may also refer to : Richard Sutherland , character in Every 9 Seconds Richard Sutherland ( actor ) , actor in the 2011 film in Face to Face Dick Sutherland ( 1881 -- 1934 ) , actor", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c9c74e863976a2a0e8683eae0a1974a", "text": "Der rote Rausch Der rote Rausch is a 1962 German thriller film directed by Wolfgang Schleif and starring Klaus Kinski .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b56ea04969d675455a6f5ef7695752f", "text": "Dietrich Georg von Kieser Dietrich Georg von Kieser ( 24 August 1779 -- 11 October 1862 ) was a German physician born in Harburg . He studied medicine at the Universities of Würzburg and Göttingen , receiving his doctorate from the latter institution in 1804 . For most of his career he was a professor at the University of Jena , where from 1824 to 1862 he served as a `` full professor '' . He was an advocate of balneology , and beginning in 1813 was a physician at the therapeutic spas at Heilbad Berka/Ilm . While working as a professor at the University of Jena , Kieser operated a private ophthalmology clinic from 1831 to 1847 , and from 1847 until 1858 he was director of the mental hospital in Jena . With Adam von Eschenmayer and Christian Friedrich Nasse , he published the 12-volume Archiv für den thierischen Magnetismus ( `` Archive for animal magnetism '' ) . Kieser was politically active throughout his career ; in October 1817 with philosophers Lorenz Oken and Jakob Friedrich Fries , he partook in the historic Wartburg Festival . In 1858 he was named president of the Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina . He died in Jena . A magnesium sulfate mineral known as kieserite is named after him .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb7c05dd7e481e186e7b56bf39969a91", "text": "Salto Kommunale Salto Kommunale is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602", "text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "13ee10894f97ec3ecbe9fb09d14965d7", "text": "The Voice of Germany The Voice of Germany is a German reality talent show that premiered on 24 November 2011 on ProSieben and Sat .1 . Based on the reality singing competition The Voice of Holland , the series was created by the Dutch television producer John de Mol . It is part of The Voice , an international series .", "title": "" } ]
fever
046a86b24c0d125bd174221c6748e518
Lucas is an American tragicomedy film.
[ { "docid": "8dd560048f2096775f1cbf32e29a665b", "text": "Lucas (film) Lucas is a 1986 American teen tragicomedy film directed by David Seltzer and starring Corey Haim , Kerri Green , Charlie Sheen and Courtney Thorne-Smith . The film was Winona Ryder 's screen debut .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "b95538a900d63c4f1eb4ff3394003ebd", "text": "Algiers (film) Algiers is a 1938 American drama film directed by John Cromwell and starring Charles Boyer , Sigrid Gurie , and Hedy Lamarr . Written by John Howard Lawson , the film is about a notorious French jewel thief hiding in the labyrinthine native quarter of Algiers known as the Casbah . Feeling imprisoned by his self-imposed exile , he is drawn out of hiding by a beautiful French tourist who reminds him of happier times in Paris . The Walter Wanger production was a remake of the successful 1937 French film Pépé le Moko , which derived its plot from the Henri La Barthe novel of the same name . Algiers was a sensation because it was the first Hollywood film starring Hedy Lamarr , whose beauty became the main attraction for film audiences . The film is notable as one of the sources of inspiration to the screenwriters of the 1942 Warner Bros. film Casablanca who wrote it with Hedy Lamarr in mind as the original female lead . Charles Boyer 's depiction of the main character , Pepe Le Moko , inspired the Warner Bros. animated character , Pepé Le Pew . In 1966 , the film entered the public domain ( in the USA ) due to the claimants ' failure to renew its copyright registration in the 28th year after publication .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d61a32752c90051994bdd92ff5116d2", "text": "Kommissarin Lucas Kommissarin Lucas is a German television series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659", "text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06e265863ef32115510b7449e646812b", "text": "Love Story (1970 film) Love Story is a 1970 American romantic drama film written by Erich Segal , who was also the author of the best-selling novel of the same name . It was produced by Howard G. Minskyand directed by Arthur Hiller and starred Ali MacGraw and Ryan O'Neal , alongside John Marley , Ray Milland , and Tommy Lee Jones in his film debut in a minor role . A tragedy , the film is considered one of the most romantic by the American Film Institute ( # 9 on the list ) and is # 37 in the list of highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States . It was followed by a sequel , Oliver 's Story ( 1978 ) , starring O'Neal with Candice Bergen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3dc96ad219da48d7f61aab9ac54248de", "text": "The People vs. George Lucas The People vs. George Lucas is a 2010 documentary comedy film directed by Swiss director Alexandre O. Philippe . It explores the issues of filmmaking and fanaticism pertaining to the Star Wars franchise and its creator , George Lucas . The film combines filmmaker and celebrity interviews with fan films , mainly taken from the 2010 online video Star Wars Uncut , which were submitted via the film 's site . Interviewees include a variety of figures such as Neil Gaiman , MC Frontalot and Gary Kurtz . Lucas himself appears frequently in archival footage , but is never interviewed directly . The film discusses the extent to which the Star Wars franchise is an artistic creation of Lucas and subject to his vision versus a social phenomenon that belongs to the general public of fans and their participatory/remix culture . The film is dedicated to interviewee Jason Nicholl , a blogger at nukethefridge.com who died before the film 's release . The film was released on DVD on October 25 , 2011 . In June 2014 , it was reported that a sequel , titled The People vs. George Lucas -- Episode II , is in development .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46206db729a856f78873756d58d7c759", "text": "An American Tragedy (musical) An American Tragedy is a 1995 musical with music by Charles Strouse , lyrics by Lee Adams and Mark St. Germain , and a libretto by David Shaber and Mark St. Germain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214", "text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac863d94231e5ddee020bcdea7843bdc", "text": "Lucas Lucas may refer to :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "af22df3ea6e8d51d54fddc84b568cc73", "text": "Stealth (film) Stealth is a 2005 science fiction action film starring Josh Lucas , Jessica Biel , Jamie Foxx , Sam Shepard , Joe Morton and Richard Roxburgh . The film , an international co-production between the United States , Australia , and New Zealand , was directed by Rob Cohen , director of The Fast and the Furious and xXx . The film follows three top fighter pilots as they join a project to develop an automated robotic stealth aircraft . Released on July 29 , 2005 by Columbia Pictures , the film cost $ 135 million to make , but was panned by critics , and was a box office bomb making only $ 76 million worldwide , one of the worst losses in cinematic history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "550c68a373af0337f9959415d4ece73e", "text": "Cool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg , starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance . Newman stars in the title role as Luke , a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system . The film , set in the early 1950s , is based on Donn Pearce 's 1965 novel of the same name . Pearce sold the story to Warner Bros. , who then hired him to write the script . Due to Pearce 's lack of film experience , the studio added Frank Pierson to rework the screenplay . Newman 's biographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the `` tough , honest '' script drew together threads from earlier movies , especially Hombre , Newman 's earlier film of 1967 . The film has been cited by Roger Ebert as an anti-establishment film which was shot during the time of the Vietnam War , in which Newman 's character endures `` physical punishment , psychological cruelty , hopelessness and equal parts of sadism and masochism . '' His influence on his prison mates and the torture that he endures is compared to that of Jesus , and Christian symbolism is used throughout the film , culminating in a photograph superimposed over crossroads at the end of the film in comparison to the crucifixion . Filming took place on the San Joaquin River Delta , and the set , imitating a southern prison farm , was built in Stockton , California . The filmmakers sent a crew to Tavares Road Prison in Tavares , Florida , to take photographs and measurements . Upon its release , Cool Hand Luke received favorable reviews and became a box-office success . The film cemented Newman 's status as one of the era 's top box-office actors , while the film was described as the `` touchstone of an era . '' Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor , George Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , Pearce and Pierson were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and the score by Lalo Schifrin was also nominated for the Best Original Score . In 2005 , the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry , considering it to be `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' It has a 100 % rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes . The quotation used by the prison warden ( Strother Martin ) in the film , which begins with `` What we 've got here is failure to communicate , '' was listed at No. 11 on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2395923740dcc1ab2e1e610d7926da38", "text": "Youth in Oregon Youth in Oregon is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Joel David Moore . The film stars Frank Langella , Billy Crudup , Christina Applegate , Nicola Peltz , Mary Kay Place , and Josh Lucas . The film had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 16 , 2016 . The film was released in theaters on February 3 , 2017 , by Orion Pictures and Samuel Goldwyn Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b1120501b341327bca0857c699f5e1a", "text": "The History of King Lear The History of King Lear is an adaptation by Nahum Tate of William Shakespeare 's King Lear . It first appeared in 1681 , some seventy-five years after Shakespeare 's version , and is believed to have replaced Shakespeare 's version on the English stage in whole or in part until 1838 . Unlike Shakespeare 's tragedy , Tate 's play has a happy ending , with Lear regaining his throne , Cordelia marrying Edgar , and Edgar joyfully declaring that `` truth and virtue shall at last succeed . '' Regarded as a tragicomedy , the play has five acts , as does Shakespeare 's , although the number of scenes is different , and the text is about eight hundred lines shorter than Shakespeare 's . Many of Shakespeare 's original lines are retained , or modified only slightly , but a significant portion of the text is entirely new , and much is omitted . The character of the Fool , for example , is absent . Although many critics -- including Joseph Addison , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Charles Lamb , William Hazlitt , and Anna Jameson -- condemned Tate 's adaptation for what they saw as its cheap sentimentality , it was popular with theatregoers , and was approved by Samuel Johnson , who regarded Cordelia 's death in Shakespeare 's play as unbearable . Shakespeare 's version continued to appear in printed editions of his works , but , according to numerous scholars , including A.C. Bradley and Stanley Wells , did not appear on the English stage for over a hundred and fifty years from the date of the first performance of Tate 's play . Actors such as Thomas Betterton , David Garrick , and John Philip Kemble , who were famous for the role of Lear , were portraying Tate 's Lear , not Shakespeare 's . The tragic ending was briefly restored by Edmund Kean in 1823 . In 1838 , William Charles Macready purged the text entirely of Tate , in favour of a shortened version of Shakespeare 's original . Finally , Samuel Phelps returned to the complete Shakespeare text in 1845 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25b66c948d29eab553cc46a78e5e5671", "text": "Karl Lucas Karl John Lucas ( born 29 March 1972 ) is an English comedian , actor and writer , who has written for and appeared in a number of television , music videos and radio comedy programmes , as well as various theatre productions . Lucas worked on Galaxy 102 's Breakfast show which collectively won three Sony Awards ( 1999/2000 ) -- Gold in 1999 and Silver in 2000 for Best Breakfast Show . Lucas was writer and comedy sidekick on the show and was awarded his own Sony Award ( Bronze ) for his part of the ` Sticker Vicar ' in 1999 . Lucas is a graduate of the University of Salford , with a BA Honours and HND in Performing Arts . He graduated with distinction in 1996 and is listed on the Manchester Evening News ' ` Hall of Fame ' . Lucas played Richard , a member of the fictional Pop group 2 Up , 2 down on Peter Kay 's Britain 's Got the Pop Factor ... and Possibly a New Celebrity Jesus Christ Soapstar Superstar Strictly on Ice ( 2008 ) a spoof on the talent show genre of programmes . Some of the shows most memorable moments saw 2 Up 2 Down singing a duet with Rick Astley , getting Hip-Hop dance lessons off Lionel Blair and Richard 's rap in the middle of `` The Winner 's Song '' ( co-written by Gary Barlow ) . He is one of the only British comedians who has worked as a warm up on American TV shows : America 's Got Talent and Osbournes Reloaded '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50a6b504befb25bf6a7861500311467c", "text": "Gould Arthur Lucas Gould Arthur Lucas , Irish soldier and survivor of HMS Birkenhead , fl . 1830 's - May 19 , 1914 A son of the Right Honourable Edward Lucas of Castle Shane , County Monaghan , Ireland , Lucas was an Ensign at time of the sinking of HMS Birkenhead . Ensign Lucas and Lieutenant Girardot , were on watch together the night of the wreck . Both heard the night orders given to the naval officer of the watch ; Lucas was afterwards always under the impression that a small grass fire high on the shore at Danger Point misled this officer into thinking it was the lighthouse at Cape Agulha . After the ship was breached , Lucas helped supervise the evacuation of the women and children in the ship 's boat during the sinking of the HMS Birkenhead . Three weeks after the wreck , he posted home `` an account of his experience which is of great interest . The narrative written while the circumstances were fresh in its author 's memory gives us a vivid picture of the scene on that terrible night in February 1852 . '' Lucas retired as a Captain in 1859 , subsequently serving as a magistrate in Durban . Prior to his retirement to England in 1897 , he also served as Chief Magistrate at Durban . He was still alive in 1902 but died in 1914 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb3bedc62d21f3f999c0cdab88c044ed", "text": "Saint Lucas The name of Saint Lucas , as distinct from related names such as `` Saint Lucius '' , `` Saint Luke '' , et cetera , can refer to many different entities :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c939afda68637571994d1a7d5dd87a5", "text": "Heidi Lucas Heidi Lucas ( born June 3 , 1977 ) is a former teen American actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "577fdc690c2488132d0dfc12f3f63050", "text": "Cinema 16: American Short Films Cinema16 : American Short Films is a DVD featuring American short films from directors such as Tim Burton , Alexander Payne , Maya Deren and George Lucas , as well as less well known names . It is the fourth in a series of DVDs released by Cinema16 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8438c12fe54c45ef0c3524c7ced633c", "text": "Days of Wrath Days of Wrath is a 2008 American drama film starring Jeffrey Dean Morgan , Laurence Fishburne and Wilmer Valderrama . The film is directed by Celia Fox , and written by Mitchell Kapner and Michael Markee .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ecb283a2c3efb8afb4981aa7998cd14", "text": "Lyle (film) Lyle is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Stewart Thorndike . The film tells the dramatic story of a mother grieving over the death of her toddler . The film stars actress Gaby Hoffman in the lead role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a4d2fdee9fe0a66acc301143fafe753", "text": "Luke (name) Luke -LSB- ˈluːk -RSB- is a male given name , and less commonly , a surname . The name Luke is the English form of the Latin name Lucas . It is derived from the Latin name , and it either means `` the great Lucius '' , or it is a shortened form of the Latin name . Lucius means `` the bright one '' or `` the one born at dawn '' . ( The often seen derivation or explanation of Λουκᾶς as `` man from Lucania '' is not supported by reliable sources . ) Although the name is attested in ancient inscriptions , the best known historical use of the name is in the New Testament . The Gospel of Luke was written around 70 to 90 AD ( the exact years are unknown ) , and was from here that the name was first popularized . Luke , who is credited with the authorship of the Gospel of Luke , was a physician who lived around 30 to 130 AD . Luke is also credited with the Book of Acts in the Bible , and also is mentioned by the Apostle Paul in some of Paul 's letters to first-century churches . Luke is the 21st most popular name for new babies in England and Wales , the 43rd most popular name for new babies in the United States , and the 2,105 th most common surname in the US , with 15,000 people ( 0.006 % ) sharing the surname .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b14f827177c4d7382d75297f67aa1cbc
Taiwan has a population.
[ { "docid": "8b91d58625a3ea7ab4c74cc478d07e78", "text": "Taiwan Taiwan ( -LSB- taɪˈwɑːn -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of China ( ROC ) , is a state in East Asia . Its neighbours include China ( officially the People 's Republic of China , PRC ) to the west , Japan to the northeast , and the Philippines to the south . Taiwan is the most populous state that is not a member of the United Nations , and also possesses the largest economy of any state outside of the UN . The island of Taiwan , also known as Formosa , was mainly inhabited by Taiwanese aborigines before the 17th century , when Dutch and Spanish colonies opened the island to Han Chinese immigration . After a brief rule by the Kingdom of Tungning , the island was annexed by the Qing dynasty , the last dynasty of China . The Qing ceded Taiwan to Japan in 1895 after the Sino-Japanese War . While Taiwan was under Japanese rule , the Republic of China ( ROC ) was established on the mainland in 1912 after the fall of the Qing dynasty . Following the Japanese surrender to the Allies in 1945 , the ROC took control of Taiwan . However , the resumption of the Chinese Civil War led to the ROC 's loss of the mainland to the Communists , and the flight of the ROC government to Taiwan in 1949 . Although the ROC continued to claim to be the legitimate government of China , its effective jurisdiction since 1949 has been limited to Taiwan and its surrounding islands , with the main island making up 99 % of its de facto territory . As a founding member of the United Nations , the ROC continued to represent China at the United Nations until 1971 , when the PRC assumed China 's seat , causing the ROC to lose its UN membership . In the early 1960s , Taiwan entered a period of rapid economic growth and industrialization , creating a stable industrial economy . In the 1980s and early 1990s , it changed from a one-party military dictatorship dominated by the Kuomintang to a multi-party democracy with a semi-presidential system . Taiwan is the 22nd-largest economy in the world , and its high-tech industry plays a key role in the global economy . It is ranked highly in terms of freedom of the press , healthcare , public education , economic freedom , and human development . The country benefits from a highly skilled workforce and is among the most highly educated countries in the world with one of the highest percentages of its citizens holding a tertiary education degree . The PRC has consistently claimed sovereignty over Taiwan and asserted the ROC is no longer in legitimate existence . Under its One-China Policy the PRC refused diplomatic relations with any country that recognizes the ROC . Today only a few smaller nations recognize the ROC as the sole legal representative of China , but many other states maintain unofficial ties through representative offices and institutions that function as de facto embassies and consulates . Although Taiwan is fully self-governing , most international organizations in which the PRC participates either refuse to grant membership to Taiwan or allow it to participate only as a non-state actor . Internally , the major division in politics is between the aspirations of eventual Chinese unification or Taiwanese independence , though both sides have moderated their positions to broaden their appeal . The PRC has threatened the use of military force in response to any formal declaration of independence by Taiwan or if PRC leaders decide that peaceful unification is no longer possible .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "11a0293ee26a16cd09ef9b40c252a3f9", "text": "List of countries by number of Internet users Below is a sortable list of countries by number of Internet users as of 2015 . Internet users are defined as persons who accessed the Internet in the last 12 months from any device , including mobile phones.Please note that the data for the number of Internet users is based on multiplying an estimate for the percentage of people using the Internet in a given country from one source ( usually the ITU ) by the population from another source ( usually the U.S. Census Bureau ) . There are not enough significant figures in the percentage estimate for the precise Internet user counts found in the table to be meaningful . As a result , they should not be treated as precise figures or even precise estimates . Percentage is the percentage of a country 's population that are Internet users . Estimates are derived from either household surveys or from Internet subscription data . Non-countries and disputed areas are shown in italics . All United Nations member states are included , except North Korea . Taiwan is listed as a sovereign country .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b93dad5879ce988f398d3fec41e1919a", "text": "Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests The Taiwan subtropical evergreen forests is an ecoregion that covers most of the island of Taiwan , with the exception of the southern tip of the island , which constitutes the South Taiwan monsoon rain forests ecoregion . The island 's concentrated steep mountains host a range of forest types , from subtropical forests in the lowlands to temperate and alpine or montane forests .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09e946ec3e857212e25395cde62ecfbc", "text": "This Month in Taiwan This Month in Taiwan , founded by E. Kirk Henderson and first published in 1974 , is the most widely distributed tourism magazine in Taiwan , with an annual estimated circulation of 200,000 copies . The publishers authorizes advertisers or their agents to physically count and verify the quantity of magazines published at its printing plant at any time . This Month in Taiwan is distributed free of charge and available at leading hotels in Taiwan as well as in airports , clubs , government offices and other tourism-related locations . Common topics covered by the magazine include : Tourist attractions Maps Hotel lists Nightlife in Taipei Art and culture Dining Associations and clubs Tourism offices Public transportation schedules", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0392615f20b985ee3abab0f2f43de35d", "text": "Renewable energy in Taiwan Renewable energy in Taiwan contributed to 8.7 % of national electricity generation as of end of 2013 . The total installed capacity of renewable energy in Taiwan by the end of 2013 was 3.76 GW .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ebec165a6f6da28064f83735bbf3c07", "text": "Taiwan Solidarity Union The Taiwan Solidarity Union ( TSU ; ) is a political party in Taiwan which advocates Taiwan independence , Taiwanese localization movement and social liberalism . It was officially founded on August 12 , 2001 and is considered part of the Pan-Green Coalition . Unlike the Democratic Progressive Party , its larger companion party in the Pan-Green Coalition , the TSU actively campaigns for the creation of a de jure Republic of Taiwan . The future of the party is in doubt after the 2016 elections as the party failed to secure enough votes to be eligible for state funding .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "24fda062c2314960fcadb158ae9c55eb", "text": "Syuejia District Syuejia District is a district of about 26,621 residents in Tainan City , Taiwan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "636bdd537ef8ae7b6829c777043915ca", "text": "Taiwan legislative election, 2008 The 7th Legislative elections were held on January 12 , 2008 in Taiwan . The results gave the Kuomintang ( KMT ) and the Pan-Blue Coalition a supermajority ( 86 of the 113 seats ) in the legislature , handing a heavy defeat to then-President Chen Shui-bian 's Democratic Progressive Party , which won the remaining 27 seats only . The junior partner in the Pan-Green Coalition , the Taiwan Solidarity Union , won no seats . These elections elected the first set of legislators to serve a longer four-year term in the Legislative Yuan , after an amendment in the Constitution in 2005 , which intended to synchronize the legislative and presidential elections and reduce the size of the Legislative Yuan by half ( see Taiwan National Assembly election , 2005 ) . Two transitional justice referendums , both of which failed to pass due to low turnout , were held at the same time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7c9b5e6922e2cbf6924efdec9946ce61", "text": "Mainland Affairs Council The Mainland Affairs Council ( MAC ) is a cabinet-level administrative agency under the Executive Yuan of the Republic of China . The MAC is responsible for the planning , development , and implementation of policies between the Republic of China on Taiwan and the People 's Republic of China which administers mainland China , Hong Kong and Macau . The MAC counterpart body by the PRC is the Taiwan Affairs Office . Both states officially claim each other 's territory , however the Republic of China controls only Taiwan and surrounding islands , and therefore is usually known as `` Taiwan '' , sometimes referred to as the `` Free Area '' of the Republic of China by the Constitution of the Republic of China . The People 's Republic of China controls mainland China as well as Hong Kong , Macau , Hainan , and other islands and is therefore usually known simply as `` China '' . The Mainland Affairs Council is administered by a cabinet level Minister . The current Minister is Katharine Chang . The council plays an important role in setting policy and development of relations with mainland China and advising the central government . The agency funds and indirectly administers the Straits Exchange Foundation which is the official intermediary with the PRC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6e39c91793a9b618eaee5778d58b3e4", "text": "Architecture of Taiwan The architecture of Taiwan can be traced back to stilt housing of the aborigines in prehistoric times ; to the building of fortresses and churches in the north and south used to colonize and convert the inhabitants during the Dutch and Spanish period ; the Tungning period when Taiwan was a base of anti-Qing sentiment and Minnan-style architechture was introduced ; in Qing dynasty period , a mix of Chinese and Western architecture appeared and artillery battery flourished during Qing 's Self-Strengthening Movement ; During the Japanese rule of Taiwan , the Minnan , Japanese and Western culture were main influencers in architectural designs and saw the introduction and use of reinforced concrete . Due to excessive Westernization as a colony , after the retrocession of Taiwan to the Republic of China in 1945 from Japan at the end of World War II , Chinese classical style became popular and entered into international mainstream as a postmodern design style . Today , Taiwanese architecture has undergone much diversification , every style of architecture can be seen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0daf0950f7d4d3fe52a8fbe936c4b18f", "text": "Taipei Family Taipei Family is a Taiwanese sitcom about antics of two families living together in the same apartment dealing with issues such as love and friendship . `` Taipei Family '' is considered to be a Taiwanese version of the hit series Family Guy . There are similarities that can be compared such as a lazy father , a loud wife , and strange daydreaming sequences that mocks Taiwan history . This is more of a `` traditional '' Taiwanese sitcom , such as a loud ( and obtrusive ) laughter track , and cartoon-like sound effects based on the character 's facial expressions . Most of the show focuses on its dialog filled with deadpan humor . Category : Taiwanese drama television series Category : Sitcoms", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66280ba9982a45dbb0691db87afc4957", "text": "Mexico–Taiwan relations Mexico -- Taiwan relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Mexico and the Republic of China ( Taiwan ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7aeb9cf5ff4fd050acb2f8b6b0922ac2", "text": "Chinese language romanization in Taiwan There are a large number of romanization systems used in Taiwan ( officially the Republic of China ) . The first Chinese language romanization system in Taiwan , Pe̍h - ōe-jī , was developed first by Presbyterian missionaries and promoted by the indigenous Presbyterian Churches since the 19th century . Pe̍h - ōe-jī is also the first written system of Taiwanese Hokkien ; a similar system for Hakka was also developed at that time . During the period of Japanese rule , the promotion of roman writing systems was suppressed under the Dōka and Kōminka policy . After World War II , Taiwan was handed over from Japan to the Republic of China ( ROC ) . The romanization of Mandarin Chinese was also introduced to Taiwan as official or semi-official standard . Today , many commonly encountered Taiwanese proper names ( places and people ) are written in Wade -- Giles ( a historic semi-official system ) , Chinese postal romanization ( the system most used by Western academics until the internationalization of Hanyu Pinyin in the 1980s ) , or Gwoyeu Romatzyh ( a system that records tones without tone marks ) . After a long debate , Hanyu Pinyin , the official romanization system used in the People 's Republic of China , was planned to be the nationwide standard in Taiwan for 2009 . While the national government and many provinces and cities adopted Hanyu Pinyin , several cities continue to use Tongyong pinyin . Examples being , Kaohsiung , Taiwan 's second most populous city , and Taichung . The contention surrounding romanizations has never been purely academic or in response to the needs of the foreign community in Taiwan , but rather clouded by partisan politics . As a result , romanization of Mandarin in Taiwan in the 20th century was generally inconsistent and quite difficult for everyone -- be they tourists , foreign-born residents or native-born Taiwanese -- to interpret . Since most Taiwanese were taught only Zhuyin/Bopomofo to write phonetic inscriptions of Chinese words , rather than a romanization system , there is little incentive to standardize romanization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7408c8b2a32881f0c0b5df282222ca7f", "text": "Visa requirements for Taiwanese citizens Visa requirements for Taiwanese passport holders are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on nationals of Republic of China ( ROC ) , commonly known as Taiwan . Although the ROC has only one type of nationality under its nationality law , its nationals ' right of abode in Taiwan is based on whether they have established household registration in Taiwan , hence ROC nationals are divided into two categories : nationals with household registration ( `` NWHRs '' ) , with right of abode in Taiwan ; and nationals without household registration ( `` NWOHRs '' ) , without right of abode in Taiwan . Only NWHRs are entitled to a National Identification Card , and the National ID number is imprinted on the passport 's biodata page to signify the holder 's status as an NWHR . Holders of such passports can travel to more countries and territories without visas than holders of passports without National ID number , as NWOHRs using ROC passports to enter Taiwan require an entry permit and are subject to immigration controls . Taiwanese passport is one of the five passports with the most improved rating globally since 2006 in terms of number of countries that its holders may visit without a visa . As of 1 January 2017 , nationals of Republic of China with rights of abode in Taiwan had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 134 countries and territories , ranking the ordinary Taiwan passport 31st in terms of travel freedom ( tied with Costa Rican and Vatican passports ) according to the Henley visa restrictions index . The Taiwanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs , however , listed 164 countries with visa-free or visa on arrival access , which included a large number of countries requiring pre-arrival documentations such as invitations or visa approval letters ( such as Kazakhstan , Uzbekistan and Vietnam ) . Such countries are not considered as providing visa-free or visa-on-arrival access , since the visa is usually approved before arrival and during the process of obtaining such documentations . The graph below only lists those countries which provide visa-free or visa on arrival without additional documentations prior to travelling as per international-accepted definitions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e54e1afccdd5265f44c26aa610ac8cee", "text": "Bunun language The Bunun language is spoken by the Bunun people of Taiwan . It is one of the Formosan languages , a geographic group of Austronesian languages , and is subdivided in five dialects : Isbukun , Takbunuaz , Takivatan , Takibaka and Takituduh . Isbukun , the dominant dialect , is mainly spoken in the south of Taiwan . Takbunuaz and Takivatan are mainly spoken in the center of the country . Takibaka and Takituduh both are northern dialects . A sixth dialect , Takipulan , became extinct in the 1970s . The Saaroa and Kanakanabu , two smaller minority groups who share their territory with an Isbukun Bunun group , have also adopted Bunun as their vernacular .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e908dcdc78c295b408ae905a79fca318", "text": "List of aboriginal ethnic groups in Taiwan This is a list of Taiwanese aborigine ethnic groups . The Taiwanese government officially recognizes 14 of these groups . Those that are officially recognized are marked with a '' * '' in the following list . Amis * Atayal ( Tayal , Tayan ) * Babuza Basay Bunun * Hoanya ( 洪雅 or 洪安雅 ) Kavalan * Ketagalan Luilang Paiwan * Pazeh/Kaxabu ( Pazih ) ( 巴宰 or 巴則海 ) Papora Puyuma * Qauqaut Rukai * Saisiyat ( Saisiat ) * Sakizaya * Seediq * Siraya Tao ( Yami ) * Taokas Thao * Truku ( Taroko ) * Tsou ( Cou ) *", "title": "" }, { "docid": "559c924bd68875cac6844d8fd6ba0b3a", "text": "Taiwanization Taiwanization , also known as the Taiwanese localization movement , is a conceptual term used in Taiwan to emphasize the importance of a ( separate ) Taiwanese culture , society , economy , nationality , and identity rather than to regard Taiwan as solely an appendage of China . This involves the teaching of the history of Taiwan , geography , and culture from a Taiwan-centric perspective , as well as promoting languages locally established in Taiwan , including Taiwanese Hokkien ( Taiwanese ) , Hakka , and aboriginal languages . Originally part of the Taiwan independence movement and related to the Taiwan Name Rectification Campaign , some of Taiwanization 's aims are now endorsed by some supporters of Chinese Unification on Taiwan . The localization movement has been expressed in forms such as the use of language or dialect in the broadcast media and entire channels devoted to aboriginal and Hakka affairs . Textbooks have been rewritten by scholars to more prominently emphasize Taiwan . The political compromise that has been reached is to teach both the history of Taiwan and the history of mainland China . Some Taiwanese-owned companies or organizations established in earlier times have names containing the words `` China '' or `` Chinese '' . They have been encouraged in recent years to change the word `` China '' in their names to `` Taiwan '' as an act of Taiwanization . This campaign for changing the names is known as the `` Name Rectification Campaign '' or `` Taiwan Name Rectification '' . Many Taiwan-based companies in international sectors already identify themselves as `` Taiwan '' - based for clarity 's sake . This keeps international customers from confusing them with an enterprise based in the People 's Republic of China . Other Taiwan-based companies decline to change to a `` Taiwanese '' name because of expense or the political views held by important clients and company leaders .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "939c905aa32b86c50cd8f6373b3bf5ac", "text": "Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League is one of the eight legally recognised political parties in the People 's Republic of China that follow the direction of the Communist Party of China and are member of the Chinese People 's Political Consultative Conference . It was formed in Hong Kong on November 1947 by members of the Taiwanese Communist Party who survived the February 28 Incident . The Taiwan Democratic Self Government League has a membership of 2,100 people , most of whom are prominent people that are from Taiwan or are of Taiwanese heritage , but now reside on the mainland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c6fe3859c106c4b344183dd4f538d1b", "text": "World Federation of Taiwanese Associations The World Federation of Taiwanese Associations is an organization promoting Taiwan independence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18252ef81c9fc72e24b21ece4c6a411f", "text": "Yushan (mountain) Yushan , also Mount Jade or Mount Yu , is the highest mountain in Taiwan at 3952 m above sea level , giving Taiwan the fourth highest maximum elevation of any island in the world . The obsolete name of Mount Morrison is thought to have been named in honor of the 19th century missionary Robert Morrison . Today , the mountain is generally referred to as Yushan or Mt. Jade . In the winter , Yushan is often capped with thick snow which makes the entire peak shine like stainless jade , hence its name . On July 21 , 2009 , Yushan was elected one of 28 finalists in the New7Wonders of Nature voting campaign . It even had held the top position in the `` Mountains and Volcanoes '' category on the list of first round voting of the 77 nominees ended on July 7 , 2009 . Yushan and surrounding mountains belong to Yushan Range , which is part of Yushan National Park . The national park is Taiwan 's largest , highest and least accessible national park . It contains the largest tract of wilderness remaining in Taiwan and is also valued for its pristine forests and faunal diversity , including many endemic species . The highest point of Yushan Range , Yushan , is 3952 m above sea level , and is the highest point in the western Pacific region outside of the Kamchatka Peninsula . Yushan was once in the ocean and raised to the current height because the Eurasian Plate slid over the neighboring Philippine Sea Plate . The ocean waters off Taiwan 's east coast are deep ; in fact , submarine slopes plunge down to the Pacific Ocean at a grade of 1:10 and the ocean reaches a depth of more than 4000 m about 50 km from the coast .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01fa71518f3130f5dcf8d8a41746984a", "text": "2000 in Taiwan Events from the year 2000 in Taiwan , Republic of China . This year is numbered Minguo 89 according to the official Republic of China calendar .", "title": "" } ]
fever
af12cd5a3fe19caf66f0a307fa41d415
Claire Danes is married to a film actor.
[ { "docid": "d955611ad33ceb7265ffb104790f162a", "text": "Claire Danes Claire Catherine Danes ( born April 12 , 1979 ) is an American actress . She is the recipient of three Emmy Awards , four Golden Globe Awards , and two Screen Actors Guild Awards . In 2012 , Time named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world , and she was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2015 . Danes gained recognition with her role as Angela Chase in the acclaimed 1994 teen drama series My So-Called Life . The role won her a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and a Primetime Emmy nomination for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series . She made her film debut the same year in Little Women ( 1994 ) . Her other films include Romeo + Juliet ( 1996 ) , The Rainmaker ( 1997 ) , Les Misérables ( 1998 ) , Brokedown Palace ( 1999 ) , the 1999 English dub of Princess Mononoke ( 1997 ) , Igby Goes Down ( 2002 ) , The Hours ( 2002 ) , Terminator 3 : Rise of the Machines ( 2003 ) , Shopgirl ( 2005 ) and Stardust ( 2007 ) . From 1998 to 2000 , Danes attended Yale University before dropping out to return to acting . She appeared in an Off-Broadway production of The Vagina Monologues in 2000 , and made her Broadway debut playing Eliza Doolittle in the 2007 revival of Pygmalion . In 2010 , she portrayed Temple Grandin in the highly acclaimed HBO TV film Temple Grandin , which won her a second Golden Globe and her first Primetime Emmy Award for the Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie . Since 2011 , she has starred as Carrie Mathison in the Showtime drama series Homeland , for which she has won two Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series , two Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama , and the Television Critics Association Award for Individual Achievement in Drama . She is married to actor Hugh Dancy , with whom she has one child .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "274ba8488fe411fe0eca681250bf8d25", "text": "Hugh Dancy Hugh Michael Horace Dancy ( born 19 June 1975 ) is an English actor and model . He is best known for his roles as Will Graham in the television series Hannibal for which he was nominated for two Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Actor in a Drama Series and as Prince Charmont in Ella Enchanted . In 2006 , he was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for his portrayal of the Earl of Essex in the Channel 4 miniseries Elizabeth I.", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "474fdadfe34c831635ff2e5a8d2442c0", "text": "Paul Ronan Paul Anthony Ronan ( born 21 March 1965 ) is an Irish actor . He has been a regular performer in TV and films since the mid - '90s , notably as Edso Dowling in the Ballykissangel TV series ; other TV appearances include Rebel Heart and The Tudors . He is the father of actress Saoirse Ronan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9d8c1230a651134bc1b5f236d84d103", "text": "Julie St. Claire Julie St. Claire ( born Juliette Marie Capone ; June 10 , 1970 ) , is an American actress , director and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f01b199ae040e953d0947e197044bd5e", "text": "Kerry Film Festival The Kerry Film Festival is an annual music film festival in County Kerry , Republic of Ireland , taking place in October . The Kerry Film Festival is funded by Kerry County Council , Fáilte Ireland , the Ireland Funds as well as having corporate sponsorship . Kerry Film Festival was established in 2000 but remained a small regional festival throughout its first years , with a mere 1,700 attendees at the 2006 festival . Then , in 2007 , the festival exploded becoming the fastest growing festival in all of Ireland , with audiences increasing by nearly 600 % from 2006 to 2011 when its audience topped 10,000 for the first time . The main feature of the festival is a short film competition which focuses on young filmmakers . Past adjudicators of the Kerry Film Festival Short Film Competition have included Jeremy Irons , Liam Neeson , Michael Fassbender and Gabriel Byrne . The festival also screens feature films . In 2008 Kerry Film Festival instigated the Maureen O'Hara Award for women that have excelled in film and Brenda Fricker was the inaugural recipient . The award was presented to her by Jim Sheridan , who directed her in the Oscar-winning My Left Foot ( 1989 ) . In 2009 the award was presented to Rebecca Miller who was in Kerry to pick up the award with her husband , Daniel Day-Lewis at a ceremony with Dave Fanning as MC . In 2010 Maureen O'Hara attended the festival and presented the award in person to Juliette Binoche Fionnula Flanagan picked up the award in 2011 while Saoirse Ronan won the award in 2012 . KFF has previously featured successful short films such as the Oscar short-listed animation Head over Heels in 2012 , the 2014 Oscar winner Mr. Hublot and in 2015 the highly acclaimed Academy Award winner S t u t t e r e r by Ben Cleary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "171e45fb8272353ecf9f3860226d860c", "text": "Jennifer Freeman Jennifer Nichole Freeman ( born October 20 , 1985 ) is an American actress , often credited as Jennifer N. Freeman . She is best known for playing the role of Claire Kyle in the sitcom My Wife and Kids .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebe333b37b90984312220c95a2a035bb", "text": "Nick Cheung Nick Cheung Ka-fai ( born 2 December 1964 ) is a Hong Kong actor and director . He is a former Royal Hong Kong Police officer for four years , but he left the job after his request to be transferred to the criminal investigation department was turned down . He then worked for Danny Lee 's film production company . His film debut is `` Thank you , Sir ! '' , as a student at the Royal Hong Kong Cadet School . From 1989 to 1994 , he worked at the television station ATV World . Later , he left ATV and joined another station , TVB . He left TVB in 2004 , and worked mainly on films . His fame was built on Wong Jing 's comedy at first , but he has changed his acting style for more sombre roles since 2003 . He was nominated for his first Hong Kong film award in 1999 , and won his first award in 2009 for his role in Beast Stalker . He has been nominated many times at the Hong Kong Film Awards and other Chinese film awards since then . Cheung has won seven awards for his role in Beast Stalker ( 2008 ) , including Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award for Best Actor , Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor , and Golden Horse Film Award for Best Actor . Cheung met Hong Kong actress Esther Kwan while he was still working at ATV . They married on 8 December 2003 in Australia . Their daughter , Brittany Cheung ( 張童 ; Cheung Tung ) , was born on 24 January 2006 . Cheung earned 75 million HKD in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82fa68113e4dd88f0835aab82a5a8dad", "text": "Les Misérables (1998 film) Les Misérables is a 1998 film adaptation of Victor Hugo 's 1862 novel of the same name , directed by Bille August . It stars Liam Neeson , Geoffrey Rush , Uma Thurman , and Claire Danes . As in the original novel , the storyline follows the adult life of Jean Valjean ( Liam Neeson ) , an ex-convict ( paroled following 19 years of hard labor , for stealing bread ) pursued by police Inspector Javert ( Geoffrey Rush ) . It was filmed at Barrandov Studios in Prague .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc4f19f62e1649e6dd930e9ff1c141b1", "text": "Hugh Grant Hugh John Mungo Grant ( born 9 September 1960 ) is an English actor and film producer . Grant has received a Golden Globe , a BAFTA , and an Honorary César for his work . His films have earned more than US$ 2.4 billion from 25 theatrical releases worldwide . Grant first received attention after earning the Volpi Cup for his performance in James Ivory 's Maurice ( 1987 ) but achieved international success after appearing in the Richard Curtis-scripted Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) . Grant used this breakthrough role as a frequent cinematic persona during the 1990s , delivering comic performances in films such as Mickey Blue Eyes ( 1999 ) and Notting Hill ( 1999 ) . One of the best known figures in 1990s British popular culture , Grant was in a high-profile relationship with Elizabeth Hurley , which was the focus of much attention in the British and international media . By the turn of the 21st century , Grant had established himself as a leading man , skilled with a satirical comic talent . Grant has expanded his oeuvre with critically acclaimed turns as a cad in Bridget Jones 's Diary ( 2001 ) , About a Boy ( 2002 ) , and American Dreamz ( 2006 ) . Grant later played against type with multiple cameo roles in the epic sci-fi drama film , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) . He 's also known for appearing in period pieces such as The Remains of the Day ( 1993 ) , Sense and Sensibility ( 1995 ) and Florence Foster Jenkins ( 2016 ) . Within the film industry , Grant is cited as an anti-star who approaches his roles like a character actor , and attempts to make his acting appear spontaneous . Hallmarks of his comic skills include a nonchalant touch of irony/sarcasm and studied physical mannerisms , as well as his precisely-timed dialogue delivery and facial expressions . The entertainment media 's coverage of Grant 's life off the big screen has often overshadowed his work as an actor . Grant has been outspoken about his antipathy towards the profession of acting , and in his disdain towards the culture of celebrity and hostility towards the media . In a career spanning 30 years , Grant has repeatedly claimed that acting was not his true calling , but rather a career that unintentionally developed by happenstance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9be5c244b80bda6701d17453b327284c", "text": "Damien Dante Wayans Damien Dante Wayans ( born April 15 , 1980 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , producer and director . He is a member of the Wayans family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41827a48c706cbeee404cad925699faa", "text": "Casanova (2005 film) Casanova is a 2005 American romantic film directed by Lasse Hallström starring Heath Ledger and loosely based on the life of Giacomo Casanova .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "242c6bcb17f923496355b0a19c22f5fc", "text": "Matt Ross (actor) Matthew Brandon `` Matt '' Ross ( born January 3 , 1970 ) is an American actor , director and screenwriter . He wrote and directed the feature film Captain Fantastic , starring Viggo Mortensen , for which he won Un Certain Regard ( recognition of young talent ) at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival . Before that , Ross made seven short films , including The Language of Love , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . As an actor , Ross is best known for his roles as Gavin Belson in the HBO series Silicon Valley , Alby Grant in the HBO series Big Love , Glenn Odekirk in The Aviator , and Luis Carruthers in American Psycho . He was also Eddie Scott in the 2005 film Good Night , and Good Luck , for which he was nominated for a Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . He also directed the feature film 28 Hotel Rooms , which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival . In 2011 and 2015 , he played Charles Montgomery in the first and fifth seasons of FX 's anthology series American Horror Story . He is married to the writer Phyllis Grant , with whom he has two children : Isabel `` Bella '' and Dashiell `` Dash '' Ross .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34b52945eb0c2294882c442d8c526ac1", "text": "Lis Løwert Lis Løwert ( 7 December 1919 -- 26 November 2009 ) was a Danish film actress . She appeared in 23 films between 1938 and 1971 . She was best known for her parts in two TV series : Mrs. Clausen in Huset på Christianshavn and Violet Vinter in Matador . Matador has been heralded as one of the best in Danish television . It originally aired between November 1978 and January 1982 . The series finale which aired in 1985 still stands as the most viewed ever in Danish TV history , with approximately 3.6 million viewers in a country of only about 5 million people . She was married to fellow actor Bjørn Watt-Boolsen . They wed on 20 July 1947 and remained married until his death on 28 December 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1da189226c838b1340f1dfe9e3b07250", "text": "Robert Hardy Timothy Sydney Robert Hardy , CBE , FSA ( born 29 October 1925 ) is an English actor with a long career in the theatre , film and television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2238ee8052d0abbd8f49ca4e52887840", "text": "Kirsten Dunst Kirsten Caroline Dunst ( -LSB- ˈkɪərstən -RSB- born April 30 , 1982 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in Woody Allen 's short film Oedipus Wrecks for the anthology film New York Stories ( 1989 ) . At the age of twelve , Dunst gained widespread recognition as Claudia in Interview with the Vampire ( 1994 ) , a role for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress . She appeared in Little Women the same year and in Jumanji the following year . After a recurring role in the third season of the NBC medical drama ER ( 1996 -- 97 ) as Charlie Chemingo and starring in films such as Wag the Dog ( 1997 ) , Small Soldiers ( 1998 ) , the 1998 English dub of Kiki 's Delivery Service ( 1989 ) , and The Virgin Suicides ( 1999 ) , Dunst began making romantic comedies and comedy-dramas , starring in Drop Dead Gorgeous ( 1999 ) , Bring It On ( 2000 ) , Get Over It and Crazy/Beautiful ( both released in 2001 ) . Dunst achieved fame for her portrayal of Mary Jane Watson in Sam Raimi 's Spider-Man trilogy ( 2002 -- 07 ) . Since then , her films have included the romantic comedy Wimbledon ( 2004 ) , the science fiction romantic comedy-drama Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind ( 2004 ) and Cameron Crowe 's romantic tragicomedy Elizabethtown ( 2005 ) . She played the title role in Sofia Coppola 's biographical film Marie Antoinette ( 2006 ) and starred in the comedy film How to Lose Friends & Alienate People ( 2008 ) . She won the Best Actress Award at the Cannes Film Festival and the Saturn Award for Best Actress for her performance in Lars von Trier 's Melancholia ( 2011 ) . She starred in the second season of the television series Fargo in 2015 , playing the role of Peggy Blumquist , a hairdresser who gets mixed up in a war between two crime families . Her performance garnered widespread critical acclaim , leading to her winning the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Actress and being nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie . In 2001 , Dunst made her singing debut in the film Get Over It , in which she performed two songs . She also sang the jazz song `` After You 've Gone '' for the end credits of the film The Cat 's Meow ( 2001 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee02aaf7cf1eff088ea377a88da6786d", "text": "Romeo + Juliet William Shakespeare 's Romeo + Juliet ( shortened to Romeo + Juliet ) is a 1996 American romantic drama film directed , co-produced and co-written by Baz Luhrmann , co-produced by Gabriella Martinelli and co-written by Craig Pearce , being an adaption and modernization of William Shakespeare 's tragedy Romeo and Juliet . The film stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Claire Danes in the leading roles of Romeo and Juliet , who instantly fall in love when Romeo crashes a party and meets her despite them being members of the Montague and Capulet family ; Brian Dennehy , John Leguizamo , Pete Postlethwaite , Paul Sorvino and Diane Venora star in supporting roles . While it retains the original Shakespearean dialogue , the Montagues and the Capulets are represented as warring mafia empires ( with legitimate business fronts ) and swords are replaced with guns ( with brand names such as `` Dagger '' and `` Sword '' ) . Some of the characters ' names are also changed . Lord and Lady Montague and Lord and Lady Capulet are given first names ( as opposed to the Shakespeare original where their first names are never mentioned ) , Friar Lawrence becomes Father Lawrence , and Prince Escalus is renamed Captain Prince . There is also no Friar John , who was in the original play . Also , some characters were switched from one family to the other -- in the original , Gregory and Sampson are Capulets , but in the film , they are Montagues . ( Abram , as Abra , and Petruchio , conversely , are shifted from the Montague to the Capulet family . ) In addition , a few plot details are shifted , most notably near the ending . The film was released on November 1 , 1996 by 20th Century Fox to commercial and generally critical success , grossing over $ 147.5 million over a $ 14.5 million budget and receiving generally positive reviews . At the 47th Berlin International Film Festival in 1997 , DiCaprio won the Silver Bear for Best Actor and Luhrmann won the Alfred Bauer Prize . Luhrmann was also nominated for the Golden Bear Award for Best Picture . At the 69th Academy Awards , Catherine Martin and Brigitte Broch were nominated for Best Art Direction/Set Decoration .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed907399725940cc6c3ba3b798d29db9", "text": "Claire's Camera Claire 's Camera ( La caméra de Claire ) is a 2017 French-Korean drama film directed by Hong Sang-soo and starring Isabelle Huppert . It was shown in the Special Screening section of the 2017 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1bfaea71782fc9b211905953f9d4e9c7", "text": "Love Is the Devil: Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon Love Is the Devil : Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon is a 1998 film made for television by the British Broadcasting Corporation ( BBC ) . It was written and directed by John Maybury and stars Derek Jacobi , Daniel Craig , and Tilda Swinton . A biography of painter Francis Bacon ( Jacobi ) , it concentrates on his strained relationship with George Dyer ( Craig ) , a small-time thief . The film draws heavily on the authorised biography of Bacon , The Gilded Gutter Life of Francis Bacon by Daniel Farson , and is dedicated to him . The film won three awards at the Edinburgh International Film Festival : Best New British Feature ( director John Maybury ) and two Best British Performance awards , one for Jacobi and , the other for future James Bond actor , Craig . The film was also screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "565cf7253df6b3f13c52074269b39a38", "text": "Daniel Ryan (actor) Daniel Ryan ( born 1968 as Daniel O'Brien ) is an English actor and writer . He is known for starring as Darren Alexander in the BBC drama comedy Linda Green , Andrew Gilligan in The Government Inspector , Andy Coulson in Steel River Blues and Kenny Reed in The Whistleblowers . His stage credits include Macbeth , A Midsummer Night 's Dream and Richard III . He also appeared as a man who was severely brain-damaged after drink and driving , in part of the COI 's Drinking And Driving Wrecks Lives campaign . In 2008 he appeared in Gethsemane , a new play by David Hare at the National Theatre . He also took over the role of Harry ( Sandy 's husband ) in the special reunion episodes of BBC sitcom As Time Goes By alongside Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer , the first actor to portray the part being David Michaels . Ryan also appeared in the 2008 Doctor Who episode `` Midnight '' . In 2010 he was very well received for his performance in Posh by Laura Wade at the Royal Court Theatre in London . As a writer , his work has been performed by the RSC and at the Edinburgh Festival . He appeared on the Teen Drama Skins as the father of the third generation character Rich Hardbeck in 2011 and 2012 . In 2014 , he appeared in Salting the Battlefield as Bill Catcheside . He is also known for playing the role of Dan in the Sky Living comedy-drama , Mount Pleasant since 2011 . In 2015 he appeared as Colonel Anthony Forbes-Leith in the BBC TV series Father Brown episode 3.9 `` The Truth in the Wine '' . He has played Welsh butcher Bryn Brindsley in the ITV war-time drama Home Fires from 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "261f359fcfd2ef5796d55fb14d7f9e0a", "text": "Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "226fff4f6a103fab2b7a0d8015a3b3dd", "text": "Claire Fraser (character) Claire Fraser is a fictional character in the Outlander series of multi-genre novels by American author Diana Gabaldon , and its television adaptation . In the series , Claire is a married World War II nurse visiting Scotland who finds herself transported from 1945 back to 1743 . There she finds adventure , war and romance with the dashing Highland warrior Jamie Fraser . Smart , stubborn and willful , Claire uses her wits , practical medical skills and knowledge of the future to survive in the 18th century . Claire is portrayed by Irish actress Caitriona Balfe in the Starz television series Outlander . Balfe won a Saturn Award for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016 , and a People 's Choice Award for Favorite Sci-Fi/Fantasy TV Actress in 2016 . She also received nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Television Series Drama in 2015 and 2016 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
9e2d6fc075d8bc5fbbba4d2f764b711a
The Divergent Series: Allegiant is based on a novel.
[ { "docid": "b193e5bbe7feb1b5a9bae2215c36e308", "text": "The Divergent Series: Allegiant The Divergent Series : Allegiant is a 2016 American action adventure film directed by Robert Schwentke with a screenplay by Bill Collage , Adam Cooper , and Noah Oppenheim . It is the first of two cinematic parts based on the novel Allegiant , the final book in the Divergent trilogy by Veronica Roth , and the third installment in The Divergent Series . The film stars Shailene Woodley , Theo James , Jeff Daniels , Miles Teller , Ansel Elgort , Zoë Kravitz , Maggie Q , Ray Stevenson , Bill Skarsgard , Octavia Spencer and Naomi Watts , and is the sequel to Insurgent and could be followed by the concluding entry , Ascendant ( Allegiant and Ascendant were originally to be titled Allegiant -- Part 1 and Allegiant -- Part 2 ) . Allegiant was released on March 18 , 2016 , in theaters and IMAX and received mainly negative reviews . The film was a financial disappointment , grossing $ 179 million worldwide , becoming the lowest-grossing Divergent film . This led to budget cuts on the fourth and the possibility that the final installment in the series , Ascendant , would be released as a TV movie instead of a theatrical one .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "37bef0e9f4ffa10ba329690feb1bb3ec", "text": "Pacific War series The Pacific War is a series of alternate history novels written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen with Albert S. Hanser . The series deals with the Pacific War between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan . The point of divergence is the decision of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto , commander-in-chief of the Japanese Combined Fleet , to take personal command of the 1st Air Fleet for the attack on Pearl Harbor , rather than delegate it to Adm. Chūichi Nagumo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5f7c1d2e4a2089ff13abe3ad81e4a22", "text": "The Prefect The Prefect is a 2007 science fiction novel by Welsh author Alastair Reynolds ( ISBN 0-575-07716-6 ) . It is the fifth novel set in the Revelation Space universe , and takes place prior to the four previously released Revelation Space novels , but after some of the short stories . It is a standalone novel , containing no characters from any other Revelation Space works . In March 2017 Reynolds announced that he had delivered a sequel to The Prefect , which was to be set two years after the first novel , and to feature a number of recurring characters . It was to be published in early 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "027803cb9b6615d54c6fe1501cdd0c4f", "text": "The Secret Series The Secret Series is a series of ` secret ' - themed adventure novels written by Pseudonymous Bosch , who is suspected to be Raphael Simon . The series centers on three middle school children , Cass , Max-Ernest , and Yo-Yoji , and their adventures as members of the Terces Society ( `` secret society '' spelled backwards ) , a group that keeps a mysterious Secret from being found out or stolen by the Midnight Sun society . One of the subplots of the series is the alchemists of the Midnight Sun searching for the secret to immortality , and the Terces Society 's plans to stop them . The first book in the series , The Name of this Book is Secret , was released in late 2007 . The second , If You 're Reading This , It 's Too Late , was released in late 2008 . The third book in the series , This Book Is Not Good for You was released in September 2009 , the fourth book , This Is n't What It Looks Like was released a year later in September 2010 , and the fifth book , You Have to Stop This came out in September 2011 . As many fans have noticed , each book is centered on the five traditional senses : The first book concerns scent , the second is about sound , the third centers on taste , the fourth centers on sight , and the fifth is about touch . Bosch 's writing style is similar to that of Lemony Snicket , author of A Series of Unfortunate Events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2639440ca43894e96ba7bff6e38c80cc", "text": "After (novel) After is a young adult novel written by Francine Prose . It was first published in 2003 , and the nearby school shooting is reminiscent of the Columbine High School massacre in 1999 . After a school shooting 50 miles away , the new grief and crisis counselor ( Dr. Willner ) attempts to control the students ' lives , using the recent tragedy as an excuse for increasingly restricting their lives . The school gradually is controlled by the grip of the administration , and students who do not comply with the new rules disappear , never to be seen again . Its plot is reminiscent of Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell . Similarities include the normalization of propaganda and surveillance with the telescreens in 1984 and the TVs on school buses spouting so called educational content that turns out to be blatantly false . These novels also touch on brainwashing , with the nightly emails sent to parents that convince them to send their children away to reform camps from which they never return . In contrast , After takes place during the reforms , showing how they were allowed to happen , while 1984 only shows the aftermath and its inevitability . The ending of After also shows the main character ( Tom Bishop ) escaping his town with his friends and family , a much lighter closing than 1984 . Described in the New York Times Book Review as a `` rich parable '' , this novel questions the line that must be drawn when freedom is more important than safety .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce261415116b23b4da8c6e435dd6c784", "text": "Atomised Atomised , also known as The Elementary Particles ( Les Particules élémentaires ) , is a novel by the French author Michel Houellebecq , published in France in 1998 . It tells the story of two half-brothers , Michel and Bruno , and their mental struggles against their situations in modern society . It was translated into English by Frank Wynne as Atomised in the UK and as The Elementary Particles in the US . It won the International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award for writer and translator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fab51feecde1edd91ea3af446cbd4649", "text": "Green on Blue Green on Blue : A Novel is a 2015 work of fiction written by Elliot Ackerman . Set in modern-day Afghanistan , it is told through the point of view of Aziz , a young boy who must join the Special Lashkar -- a U.S. funded militia -- in order to save his injured brother . Dr. Truman Anderson has called Green on Blue a `` morally complex debut novel '' for how Ackerman explores the themes of loyalty to family and nation , revenge , and the brutality of war throughout the novel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d047a1dfa081b9d7e48560d7772431fd", "text": "Axis (novel) Axis is a science fiction novel by author Robert Charles Wilson , published in 2007 . It is a direct sequel to Wilson 's Hugo Award-winning Spin , published two years earlier . The novel was a finalist for the 2008 John W. Campbell Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b72a201d983dbc5a15b4641943117ce4", "text": "Mind Transfer (novel) Mind Transfer is a science fiction novel by Janet Asimov ( as Janet Jeppson Asimov ) , published by Walker Publishing Company , Inc. in 1988 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "268bd016155596360f01ca2eab67d9a1", "text": "Obsidian Fate Obsidian Fate is an original novel based on the U.S. television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d022e706ce9873424be0bb7d9bc5503", "text": "The Gray Man (novel) The Gray Man is the debut novel by Mark Greaney , first published in 2009 by Jove Books . It is also the first novel to feature the Gray Man , freelance assassin and former CIA operative Court Gentry . The novel follows Gentry on a mission across Europe to rescue his handler , Sir Donald Fitzroy , and his family in Normandy , France from Lloyd , a member of a massive English corporation who wants Gentry terminated in order to shepherd a billion dollar deal for oil interests in Nigeria , where its president in turn wants Gentry dead for the assassination of his brother . The novel is the first in a series involving the fictional character The Gray Man . A movie adaptation is currently underway , with Christopher McQuarrie attached to direct .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05d1a3b725269fe65a76a4abcce70fcc", "text": "The Handmaid's Tale The Handmaid 's Tale is a 1985 dystopian novel by Canadian author Margaret Atwood . Set in a near-future New England , in a totalitarian theocracy that has overthrown the United States government , the novel explores themes of women in subjugation and the various means by which they gain individualism and independence . The novel 's title echoes the component parts of Geoffrey Chaucer 's The Canterbury Tales , which comprises a series of connected stories ( `` The Merchant 's Tale '' , `` The Parson 's Tale '' , etc. ) . The Handmaid 's Tale won the 1985 Governor General 's Award and the first Arthur C. Clarke Award in 1987 ; it was also nominated for the 1986 Nebula Award , the 1986 Booker Prize , and the 1987 Prometheus Award . The book has been adapted into a film ( 1990 ) , an opera ( 2000 ) , a TV series ( 2017 ) , and other media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1205b1183cbb9fa0b840738e383e679d", "text": "Bill DeSmedt William H. DeSmedt is an American author of science fiction . His debut novel , Singularity ( 2004 ) , explores the 1908 Tunguska event and the speculative hypothesis that it was caused by a submicroscopic , primordial black hole . Although Singularity is a work of science fiction , in the tradition of Michael Crichton its premise is anchored in realworld science . In penning Singularity , Bill also drew on a deep knowledge of the Russian language , politics and culture , first acquired during eighteen months at the Defense Language Institute in Monterey , California , and added to while a US -- USSR exchange student at Moscow State University . He also holds a Master of Arts ( M.A. ) in Soviet Area Studies , and a Master of Science ( M.S. ) in Computer Science . Bill has worked in the capacity of programmer , system designer , and consultant to both startups and Fortune 50 companies , specializing in natural language processing , artificial intelligence , and knowledge engineering .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc1cb6c4e4e19864eadc2fe395b57bf8", "text": "The Lost World (Crichton novel) The Lost World is a techno thriller novel written by Michael Crichton and published in 1995 by Knopf . A paperback edition ( ISBN 0-345-40288-X ) followed in 1996 . It is a sequel to his earlier novel Jurassic Park . In 1997 , both novels were re-published as a single book titled Michael Crichton 's Jurassic World , unrelated to the 2015 film of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41826e980da11ee90b8a9ed24f5504d1", "text": "We All Fall Down (Robert Cormier novel) We All Fall Down ( 1991 ) is a suspense novel for young adults by Robert Cormier .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5f5924fda3a549cc1b504d00e8d1ea0", "text": "The Metropolis Case The Metropolis Case is the debut novel of American author Matthew Gallaway . The novel follows the interconnected lives of four characters living in different cities , all of whom have a great passion for Richard Wagner 's opera Tristan und Isolde . The New York Times said `` the book is so well written ... and filled with such memorable lead and supporting players that it quickly absorbs you into its worlds . '' In the Washington Post , Eugenia Zukerman wrote that `` Gallaway has taken a great risk ... by creating an intricate , multilayered tale that slides from past to present , from Europe to New York , from opera to pop . But despite the complexity , The Metropolis Case engages the reader emotionally on every page . '' Rather than a conventional narrative , the novel presents alternating chapters devoted to each of the four principal characters . Three of them are opera singers . One of the four lives in the nineteenth century . Two are much younger than the others . The author slowly reveals their shared relationship to Wagner 's opera . The novel 's title and some other details allude to Janáček 's opera The Makropulos Case . Galloway is a graduate of New York University Law School and a native of Pittsburgh , where the novel is partially set . He began the novel in 2001 and completed it in 2007 . According to Galloway , who blogged as The Gay Recluse from 2007 to 2009 : In 2010 , when Crown Publishing Group published the novel , Galloway was employed as a Senior Acquisitions Editor in the legal department of Oxford University Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "742796a1a434eebc3e329e33a0d9fe3e", "text": "Walking on Glass Walking on Glass is the second novel by Scottish writer Iain Banks , published in 1985 . Banks wrote several more novels before his death in 2013 , including several acclaimed science fiction novels that formed the Culture series . Walking on Glass is formed of three storylines that initially do not appear to be linked , but eventually come together . The extent to which these stories are interconnected is dependent on how deeply into the book the reader is willing to read .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "988bf63cf7587cd4865805384b4ce4ed", "text": "Man of Earth Man of Earth is a science fiction novel by Algis Budrys , first published in 1958 by Ballantine Books . `` The Man from Earth '' , a `` greatly different '' earlier version of the story , was published in the debut issue of Satellite Science Fiction in 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad6fe82fd2946450e207dc39809168ed", "text": "American Gods (TV series) American Gods is an American television series based on the novel of the same name , written by Neil Gaiman and originally published in 2001 . The television series was developed by Bryan Fuller and Michael Green for the premium cable network Starz . Fuller and Green are the showrunners for the series . Gaiman serves as an executive producer along with Fuller , Green , Craig Cegielski , Stefanie Berk , and Thom Beers . The first episode premiered on the Starz network and through their streaming application on April 30 , 2017 . In May 2017 , the series was renewed for a second season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4bd6174a70f57357735f12910309e5d", "text": "American Dervish American Dervish is a 2012 novel by Ayad Akhtar . The novel tells the story of a young Pakistani-American boy growing up in the American Midwest and his struggle with his identity and religion . The novel has been published in English , Italian ( La donna che mi insegnò il respiro ) , Norwegian ( Begynnelsen på et farvel ) , Dutch ( De hemelverdiener ) , Danish ( Tavshedens smerte ) and Spanish ( El aroma secreto del limón y las especias ) . The book will be released in 17 more languages by the end of 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9140b2f9db36777a66adb9a4f90cf3c8", "text": "Deep Domain Deep Domain is a Star Trek : The Original Series novel written by Howard Weinstein .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a32032dcfa63dbda25ee1b5a7a9d5f61
Foo Fighters are a band.
[ { "docid": "e5c343e6aba847fc3b1ae1bfabeb17f8", "text": "Foo Fighters (album) Foo Fighters is the debut studio album by American rock band Foo Fighters , released on July 4 , 1995 , by Capitol Records through Dave Grohl 's label Roswell . Grohl wrote and recorded the entire album himself -- with the exception of a guest guitar spot by Greg Dulli -- with the assistance of producer Barrett Jones at Robert Lang Studios in Seattle , Washington , in 1994 . Grohl claimed he recorded the album just for fun , describing it as a cathartic experience to recover from the death of his Nirvana bandmate Kurt Cobain . After Grohl completed the recordings , he chose the name `` Foo Fighters '' for the project to hide his identity and passed cassettes copies of the sessions to personal friends . After said tapes attracted record label interest , Grohl signed with Capitol and recruited a full band to perform the songs live . The album was promoted through extensive tours and six singles , two of which received music videos . Foo Fighters earned positive reviews praising the songwriting and performances , and was also a commercial success , becoming the band 's second-best-selling album in the United States and reaching the top five in the charts of United Kingdom , Canada , Australia , and New Zealand .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b70684a600f70cd4c52f2263c67f704c", "text": "Foo Fighters Foo Fighters is an American rock band , formed in Seattle , Washington in 1994 . It was founded by Nirvana drummer Dave Grohl as a one-man project following the dissolution of Nirvana after the death of Kurt Cobain . The group got its name from the UFOs and various aerial phenomena that were reported by Allied aircraft pilots in World War II , which were known collectively as `` foo fighters '' . Prior to the release of Foo Fighters ' 1995 debut album Foo Fighters , which featured Grohl as the only official member , Grohl recruited bassist Nate Mendel and drummer William Goldsmith , both formerly of Sunny Day Real Estate , as well as Nirvana touring guitarist Pat Smear to complete the lineup . The band began with performances in Portland , Oregon . Goldsmith quit during the recording of the group 's second album , The Colour and the Shape ( 1997 ) , when most of the drum parts were re-recorded by Grohl himself . Smear 's departure followed soon afterward , though he would rejoin them in 2006 . They were replaced by Taylor Hawkins and Franz Stahl , respectively , although Stahl was fired before the recording of the group 's third album , There Is Nothing Left to Lose ( 1999 ) . The band briefly continued as a trio until Chris Shiflett joined as the band 's lead guitarist after the completion of There Is Nothing Left to Lose . The band released its fourth album , One by One , in 2002 . The group followed that release with the two-disc In Your Honor ( 2005 ) , which was split between acoustic songs and heavier material . Foo Fighters released its sixth album , Echoes , Silence , Patience & Grace , in 2007 . The band 's seventh studio album , Wasting Light , produced by Butch Vig was released in 2011 , in which Smear returned as a full member . In November 2014 , the band 's eighth studio album , Sonic Highways , was released as an accompanying soundtrack to the Grohl-directed 2014 miniseries of the same name . Over the course of the band 's career , four of its albums have won Grammy Awards for Best Rock Album . As of 2015 , the band 's eight albums have sold 12 million copies in the U.S. , and 30 million worldwide .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "304aeb0dc7230afae9a80213e5f640e0", "text": "Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time . A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record . Category : Boxing terminology Category : Pejorative terms for people", "title": "" }, { "docid": "119c5d3e948b51696e459e9976c4d0c3", "text": "Tuff Enuff (song) `` Tuff Enuff '' is a song by the blues rock band The Fabulous Thunderbirds . It was written by the band 's lead singer Kim Wilson and appeared on the album Tuff Enuff . It was produced by Dave Edmunds . Released as a single in 1986 , `` Tuff Enuff '' peaked at number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart , at number four on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and it appeared on the top 20 charts in other countries as well . It was ranked # 96 on VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders of the 80s . It was the band 's first single and has since become the band 's most well-known song . It also had an accompanying music video directed by Harry Lake . The song was covered by Wynonna Judd for her 2000 album , New Day Dawning . In 2015 , the song was performed by Dave Grohl and his band the Foo Fighters at Austin City Limits , along with guest artists Gary Clark , Jr. and former Thunderbird Jimmie Vaughan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f642cc3ddab2d57e9fe05b3b76bdb225", "text": "Viva Death Viva Death are an American rock band formed from members of the bands Face to Face , Foo Fighters and The Vandals . They have released three albums to date and also have numerous unreleased tracks on their website . Viva Death are known for using Baritone guitars rather than normal guitars to achieve their unique sound .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8120644b8e9940e11142032a48f0d7c", "text": "Jetboy (band) Jetboy is an American San Francisco-based hard rock band founded in 1983 by guitarists Billy Rowe and Fernie Rod . Best described as a blend of edgy rock and roll with a traditional blues based influence . Jetboy got the attention of music fans and record executives alike in Hollywood during the mid 1980s . The band transplanted themselves to Los Angeles in 1986 after signing a deal with Elektra Records . Their musical influences ranged from punk rock to rock 'n' roll to blues . Their 1988 debut album Feel the Shake peaked at 135 on The Billboard 200 . After parting ways with original bass player Todd Crew in mid-1987 , the band was joined by former Hanoi Rocks member Sami Yaffa . Yaffa , a member of one of the groups Jetboy had found most influential , was now a member of the band as their new bassist . In August 1987 Todd Crew died due to a drug overdose in the hotel room of Guns N ' Roses guitarist Slash . Jetboy continued on into the 1990s before disbanding in 1992 . However , over a decade later , Jetboy reconvened , toured and recorded a new EP , Off Your Rocker in 2010 . Having been absent from the studio for some 20 years , Jetboy recorded Off Your Rocker in a fully organic mode . The band played all in the same room together in a `` live-style '' format in an effort to duplicate the way the songs were written , all together , in a true 1970 's fashion where the band could feed off of one another 's energy . Jetboy has continued to gain in popularity , and has continuously played to large crowds at festivals across the United States including Rocklahoma , The South Texas Rock Fest , Rock the Bayou & The M3 Festival two times . On June 1 , 2012 Jetboy did a 25-year reunion for their debut album ` Feel The Shake ' at the Whisky A Go Go in Hollywood . The show was also a release party for the movie Rock Of Ages which featured a few images of Jetboy . The line-up for this show included all original members with a surprise appearance by their second bass player Sami Yaffa who is currently playing in the Michael Monroe Band . This was the first time they all shared the stage together in over 20 years . Jetboy plan to continue with the original line-up with Charles Norman on bass who replaced Yaffa for the Damnednation tour in 1989 . January 25 , 2014 during NAMM weekend Jetboy supported Faster Pussycat at the Whisky A Go-Go to a sold out crowd to celebrate the club 's 50-year anniversary . Jetboy geared up in late 2015 to bring their style of rock n roll to the stage again . The band performed at Riki Rachtman 's Cathouse Live on August 15 , 2015 at the Irvine Meadows Amphitheater in Irvine , California . Three songs from Feel the Shake were featured in the 1989 movie The ` Burbs , starring Tom Hanks . They were `` Bloodstone '' , `` Locked in a Cage '' and `` Make Some Noise '' . Additionally , two songs from Feel the Shake , `` Feel the Shake '' and `` Make Some Noise '' were also featured in the 1989 movie She 's Out of Control .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f9935e8e80263b76429daf6d6e4edc9c", "text": "Big Day Out lineups by year This is a comprehensive listing of artists and bands who have performed at Big Day Out listed by year . Big Day Out was an Australian music festival which began in 1992 in Sydney and has expanded since to include several Australian venues and also Auckland , New Zealand . Each year , the line-up of artists changes dramatically , generally maintaining rock as the focal music style , but also featuring many hip-hop , electronica , blues and roots artists . Since its beginning , the line ups have included international acts such as Nirvana , Foo Fighters , Chemical Brothers , Tool , Marilyn Manson , Muse , Nine Inch Nails and Red Hot Chili Peppers while also promoting local Australian and New Zealand artists such as Regurgitator , Powderfinger , Grinspoon , Silverchair , and many others . __ NOTOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65", "text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b870d051f505ce0929d9033ca819d841", "text": "E.Y.C. (band) E.Y.C. ( also known as Express Yourself Clearly ) was an American pop/R & B group . Its members were Damon Butler , Dave Loeffler and Trey McKay Parker . E.Y.C. failed to find success in their home country , but became more popular abroad in the United Kingdom and Australia . They scored six Top 40 hits in the UK Singles Chart before disbanding . Controversy surrounded the release of their track `` Black Book '' ; which was released as a special edition CD featuring the names of all the fans that had signed up to their mailing list encouraging them to purchase the CD . This resulted in the group scoring their biggest hit when the track peaked at Number 13 in the UK chart . They also appeared on the Childliners single , The Gift Of Christmas , alongside acts such as Backstreet Boys , Boyzone , MN8 , Sean Maguire , Deuce , Ultimate Kaos , Let Loose , East 17 , Peter Andre , Michelle Gayle and Dannii Minogue . Robbie Williams & Gary Barlow & Jason Orange & Howard Donland & Mark Owen & Kylie Minogue & Alexa Chung & Alex Zane .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3", "text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7", "text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee7d55cae9af22df65d458199dfeb25", "text": "The Animals The Animals are an English rhythm and blues and rock band , formed in Newcastle upon Tyne in the early 1960s . The band moved to London upon finding fame in 1964 . The Animals were known for their gritty , bluesy sound and deep-voiced frontman Eric Burdon , as exemplified by their signature song and transatlantic No. 1 hit single , `` The House of the Rising Sun '' , as well as by hits such as `` We Got ta Get out of This Place '' , `` It 's My Life '' , `` I 'm Crying '' and `` Do n't Let Me Be Misunderstood '' . The band balanced tough , rock-edged pop singles against rhythm and blues-orientated album material . They were known in the US as part of the British Invasion . The Animals underwent numerous personnel changes in the mid-1960s and suffered from poor business management . Under the name Eric Burdon and the Animals , the much-changed act moved to California and achieved commercial success as a psychedelic and hard rock band with hits like `` San Franciscan Nights '' , `` When I Was Young '' and `` Sky Pilot '' , before disbanding at the end of the decade . Altogether , the group had ten Top Twenty hits in both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100 . The original lineup of Burdon , Alan Price , Chas Chandler , Hilton Valentine and John Steel reunited for a one off benefit concert in their home city of Newcastle in 1968 . They later had brief comebacks in 1975 and 1983 . There have been several partial regroupings of the original era members since then under various names . The Animals were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "871c6871352f764ef7af2fc87887bed6", "text": "Light fighter Light fighters are fighter aircraft towards the low end of the practical range of weight , cost , and complexity over which fighters are fielded . The term lightweight fighter is more commonly used in the modern literature , and by example tends to imply somewhat more capable aircraft than light fighters at the very low end of the practical weight range , but the terms overlap and are sometimes used interchangeably . Whatever term is used , the concept is to be on the generally lower half of the practical range , but still with carefully selected competitive features , in order to project highly effective force per unit of budget via an efficient design . As well designed lightweight fighters have proven able to match or beat heavier aircraft plane for plane for many missions , and to significantly excel them in budgetary efficiency , light/lightweight fighters have proven to be a strategically valuable concept . Attempting to scale this efficiency to still lower cost , some manufacturers have in recent years adopted the term `` light fighter '' to also refer to light primarily air-to-ground attack aircraft , some of which are modified trainer designs . A key design goal of light/lightweight fighter design is to satisfy standard air-to-air fighter effectiveness requirements . These criteria in order of importance are the ability to benefit from the element of surprise , to have numerical superiority in the air , to have superior maneuverability , and to possess suitable weapon systems effectiveness . Light fighters typically achieve a surprise advantage over larger aircraft due to smaller visual and radar signatures , which is important since in the majority of air-to-air kills the element of surprise is dominant . Their comparative lower cost and higher reliability also allows greater numbers per budget . Finally , while a single engine light fighter would typically only carry about half the weapons load of a heavy twin engine fighter , its surprise and maneuverability advantages often allow it to gain positional advantage to make better use of those weapons . The light fighter concept first arose in the period between World War I and World War II . Examples include several RAF fighter designs from the pre-World War II ( WWII ) era , and their French counterparts , known as `` Jockey '' aircraft . None of these very light fighters enjoyed success into World War II , as they were too hampered in performance . Similar to the meaning of lightweight fighter today , during World War II the term `` small fighter '' was used to describe a single engine aircraft of competitive performance , range , and armament load , but with no unnecessary weight and cost . Examples of this style of very successful fighter include the Japanese A6M Zero , British Supermarine Spitfire , German Messerschmitt Bf 109 , American P-51 Mustang , and Soviet Yakovlev Yak-3 . After World War II fighter design moved into the jet era , and many jet fighters basically followed the successful World War II formula of highly efficient mostly single engine designs that tended to be about half the weight and cost of twin engine heavy fighters . Prominent early examples include the English Folland Gnat , the American F-86 Sabre and Northrop F-5 , the Soviet Mikoyan MiG-15 and Mikoyan MiG-21 , the French Mirage III , and the Swedish Saab Draken . More modern lightweight fighters with competitive air-to-air capability ( supersonic aircraft with afterburning engines and modern missile armament ) include the American F-16 , Swedish JAS 39 Gripen , Indian HAL Tejas , Korean FA-50 , Japanese Mitsubishi F-2 , Chinese Chengdu J-10 , and Pakistani/Chinese CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder . The high practical and budgetary effectiveness of modern light fighters for many missions is why the U.S. Air Force adopted both the F-15 and F-16 in a `` hi/lo '' strategy of both an outstanding but expensive heavy fighter and a lower cost but also outstanding lightweight fighter . The investment to maintain a competitive modern lightweight fighter air force is approximately $ 90M to $ 130M ( 2013 dollars ) per plane over a 20-year service life , which is approximately half the cost of heavy fighters , so understanding fighter aircraft design trade-offs and combat effectiveness is of national level strategic importance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "279918f3ed6ab3740eb513b3b994c376", "text": "Atomic Rooster (1980 album) Atomic Rooster is the sixth studio album by British rock band Atomic Rooster . It was recorded when the band regrouped after breaking up for five years , and they embarked on a raw style , which was in marked contrast to that of their past few albums . In addition , its heavier sound fitted in better with the new wave of British heavy metal scene . Two tracks , `` She 's My Woman '' and `` Where 's the Show ? '' , were originally recorded by John Du Cann for his solo album , The World 's Not Big Enough , in 1977 . The album was not released at the time and the songs were later reworked by Atomic Rooster . Du Cann 's solo album was eventually released in 1992 . `` Do You Know Who 's Looking for You ? '' has been covered by Finnish rock band YUP , who recorded it with new lyrics in their native language and retitled it `` Keittoruoka '' ( `` Soup Meal '' ) . It was included on their 2001 album Hajota ja hallitse ( ` Divide and Conquer ' ) . The 2005 CD reissue , whilst being welcomed by fans of the band 's latter era , is , nonetheless , unlicensed . The copyright in the recording is held by the original label , EMI . The Angel Air release featured extensive sleevenotes by Record Collector magazine 's Joe Geesin , which included a new interview with John Du Cann .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86e9d2565101256113b31f9e42dbbddc", "text": "The Fugs (album) The Fugs is a 1966 album by The Fugs , described in their AllMusic profile as `` arguably the first underground rock group of all time '' . The album charted number 95 on Billboard 's `` Top Pop Albums '' chart . The album was re-released on CD in 1993 as The Fugs Second Album under the Fantasy label with five additional tracks : two live performances and three tracks recorded for Atlantic in 1967 for an album that was never released . In its review of the re-release , AllMusic finds them `` very ahead of their time lyrically '' and compares them to the punk band Dead Kennedys , both lyrically and in their shared `` weakness for crude humor '' . In 2013 , David Bowie included it in a list of 25 of his favourite albums , `` Confessions of a Vinyl Junkie '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "412fb7fa4169a15b8afc79a6b544502d", "text": "Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos . Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland . The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single . In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f52295158105309d03a3218cee8b35e", "text": "Taylor Hawkins and the Coattail Riders Taylor Hawkins and the Coattail Riders is a band founded by Taylor Hawkins , drummer for the Foo Fighters . Hawkins is the drummer and vocalist for the trio . Other band members include Chris Chaney on bass and Gannin Arnold on guitar . Chaney and Hawkins had previously been in Alanis Morissette 's tour band ` Sexual Chocolate ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0876e1ddb169ddb71c049f0eba02b85", "text": "Rollercoaster Tour The Rollercoaster Tour was a 1992 co-headlining concert tour by the English Britpop band Blur , the American indie rock band Dinosaur Jr. , the Irish alternative rock band My Bloody Valentine and the Scottish noise pop band the Jesus and Mary Chain . A one-leg 11-date tour of the United Kingdom , the tour was in support of all four bands ' current releases : Blur 's debut album Leisure ( 1991 ) , Dinosaur Jr. s fourth album Green Mind ( 1991 ) , My Bloody Valentine 's second album Loveless ( 1991 ) and The Jesus and Mary Chain 's fourth album Honey 's Dead ( 1992 ) . The tour was curated by the Jesus and Mary Chain 's vocalist Jim Reid , who `` wanted to break the routine '' of performing in small , frequently played venues -- such as Nottinghams Rock City -- and `` cater to all strands of independent rock music '' . Reid was inspired by , and considered the Rollercoaster Tour a British equivalent to , the North American festival Lollapalooza , which the Jesus and Mary Chain performed at in 1991 and which he considered `` fairly disastrous '' . Each band performed a 45-minute set with no encore and the line-up changed each night of the tour , although the Jesus and Mary Chain performed as the final act on all 11 dates . My Bloody Valentine ceased live performances in the UK after the tour and did not play again until their 2008 reunion tour . The band 's set , which ended with a noise section of their song `` You Made Me Realise '' referred to as the `` holocaust section '' , reportedly caused attendees ' pint glasses to fall out of their hands due to excessive sound pressure levels . Reflecting on the tour , Jim Reid referred to it as `` a lot -LSB- like a -RSB- competition -- who could be the loudest ? Whose was the best film show ? And then there was , who could be most off their tits and still play a show ? '' The Rollercoaster EP , containing material from Blur , My Bloody Valentine , Dinosaur Jr. and the Jesus and Mary Chain , was issued in Melody Maker in March 1992 to promote the tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05686add4f81efe7ac5af8d1cc058112", "text": "FooBillard FooBillard is a free and open-source , OpenGL-based sports simulation video game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74475b3e9cfe19db8866b34e6c566194", "text": "Pop punk Pop punk ( also known as punk-pop ) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music . It typically combines fast tempos , loud and distorted electric guitars , and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies , vocal styles , and lyrical themes . Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop . By the mid-1980s , several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new , faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty , the Nip Drivers , T.S.O.L. , Social Distortion , and the Descendents . Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s . Pop punk particularly thrived in California , where independent record labels adopted a do it yourself ( DIY ) approach to releasing music . By the mid-1990s , a few pop punk bands had started to sell millions of records and receive extensive radio and television airplay , such as Green Day . By 1994 , pop punk was quickly growing in mainstream popularity . The late 1990s , exemplified by the 1999 release of Blink-182 's Enema of the State , represented the genre 's mainstream peak , although some pop punk bands scored successful album chartings in the 2000s . In the mid-2000s , emo pop , a fusion genre combining emo and pop punk , became popular . By the end of the 2000s , the pop punk sound of the 1990s had largely waned in mainstream popularity .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c264c735a0bc1f974fd3fdbf30376219", "text": "The F.U.'s The F.U. 's formed in late 1981 as a three piece Boston hardcore punk band . In 1986 they changed their name to Straw Dogs , moving toward heavy metal and reformed under their original moniker in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b7810466276f5e715b319f76fd6c825", "text": "The Zimmers The Zimmers are an English band formed in 2007 and are thought to have the oldest members of any group in the world . The oldest member , Buster Martin , claimed to have been born in 1906 , although some sources indicate he was born in 1913 . Martin died in 2011 . Former lead singer Alf Carretta died on 29 June 2010 , aged 93 . The group takes its name from the Zimmer frame , the UK term for a mobility aid known in other countries as a walker . The band was created as a feature in a BBC Television documentary which aired on 28 May 2007 . The feature of forming the band and recording a single was intended to give a voice to the feelings of isolation and imprisonment suffered by the elderly . The Zimmers ' logo is a parody of The Beatles ' logo , as is the image of them walking across Abbey Road . On 7 April 2012 , the band performed the Beastie Boys ' '' ( You Got ta ) Fight for Your Right ( To Party ! ) '' on Britain 's Got Talent . The band toured in 2013 , performing in Warrington on 25 May that year .", "title": "" } ]
fever
78b348ca1afb47fcbf633d86dd9f24c9
Octopuses defend themselves against predators.
[ { "docid": "b172e32db485284c0e68ce45fb43a2b0", "text": "Octopus The octopus ( -LSB- ˈɒktpəs -RSB- or ~ -LSB- əpʊs -RSB- ) is a soft-bodied , eight-armed mollusc of the order Octopoda . The order is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids , cuttlefish and nautiloids . Like other cephalopods , the octopus is bilaterally symmetric with two eyes and a beak , with its mouth at the centre point of the arms . The soft body , with its lack of internal or external skeleton , can rapidly alter its shape , appearance and colour , enabling the octopus to squeeze through small gaps . The mantle cavity is used both for respiration and for locomotion , by expelling a jet of water . Octopuses have a complex nervous system and excellent sight , and are among the most intelligent and behaviourally diverse of all invertebrates . Octopuses inhabit various regions of the ocean , including coral reefs , pelagic waters , and the seabed ; some occur in the intertidal zone and others at abyssal depths . Most species grow fast , mature early and are short-lived . During breeding , the male uses a specially adapted arm to deliver a bundle of sperm directly into the female 's mantle cavity , after which he goes into a decline . The female deposits fertilised eggs in a den and cares for them until they hatch , after which she also dies . Octopuses have numerous strategies for to defend themselves against predators , including the expulsion of ink , the use of camouflage and deimatic displays , their ability to jet quickly through the water , and their ability to hide . They trail their eight arms behind them as they swim . All octopuses are venomous , but only one group , the blue-ringed octopuses , is known to be deadly to humans . Around 300 species are recognised . Octopuses appear in mythology as sea monsters like the Kraken of Norway and the Akkorokamui of the Ainu , and probably the Gorgon of ancient Greece . A battle with an octopus appears in Victor Hugo 's book Toilers of the Sea , inspiring other works such as Ian Fleming 's Octopussy . Octopuses appear in Japanese erotic art , shunga . They are eaten by humans in many parts of the world , especially the Mediterranean and the Asian seas .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d8a4b27e55a4de024adff44489e3e442", "text": "Ophichthidae Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes , commonly known as the Snake eels . The term `` Ophichthidae '' comes from Greek ophis ( `` serpent '' ) and ichthys ( `` fish '' ) . Snake eels are also burrowing eels , they are named for their physical appearance , they have long , cylindrical snakelike bodies . This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters . They inhabit a wide range of habitats , from coastal shallows and even rivers , to depths of above 800 m. Most species are bottom dwellers , hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish , but some are pelagic . These species range from 5 cm to 2.3 m or more in length . Many species lack fins altogether , improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms . They are often spotted or striped in colour , mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators . Often , they are washed ashore by large storms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "92fb7ebbcdee166057b84de9cfd8f9f1", "text": "Hypercarnivore A hypercarnivore is an animal which has a diet that is more than 70 % meat , with the balance consisting of non-animal foods such as fungi , fruits or other plant material . Some examples include crocodiles , alligators , owls , shrikes , eagles , felids , dolphins , snakes , marlin , spiders , scorpions and most sharks . Every species in the Felidae family , including the domesticated cat , is a hypercarnivore in its natural state . Some well-known hypercarnivorous invertebrates are octopuses and starfish . Additionally , this term is also used in paleobiology to describe taxa of animals which have an increased slicing component of their dentition relative to the grinding component . Hypercarnivores need not be apex predators . For example , salmon are exclusively carnivorous , yet they are prey at all stages of life for a variety of organisms . Many prehistoric mammals of the clade Carnivoramorpha ( Carnivora and Miacoidea without Creodonta ) , along with the early order Creodonta , and some mammals of the even earlier order Cimolesta , were hypercarnivores . The earliest carnivorous mammal is considered to be Cimolestes , which existed during the Late Cretaceous and early Paleogene periods in North America about 66 million years ago . Theropod dinosaurs such as Tyrannosaurus rex that existed during the late Cretaceous , although not mammals , were obligate carnivores . Large hypercarnivores evolved frequently in the fossil record , often in response to an ecological opportunity afforded by the decline or extinction of previously dominant hypercarnivorous taxa . While the evolution of large size and carnivory may be favored at the individual level , it can lead to a macroevolutionary decline , wherein such extreme dietary specialization results in reduced population densities and a greater vulnerability for extinction . As a result of these opposing forces , the fossil record of carnivores is dominated by successive clades of hypercarnivores that diversify and decline , only to be replaced by new hypercarnivorous clades . As an example of related species with differing diets , even though they diverged only 150,000 years ago , the polar bear is the most highly carnivorous bear ( more than 90 % of its diet is meat ) while the grizzly bear is one of the least carnivorous in many locales , with less than 10 % of its diet being meat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6179b0035969aa5d8fabf24519e5afa1", "text": "Mobbing (animal behavior) Mobbing in animals is an antipredator adaptation in which individuals of prey species mob a predator by cooperatively attacking or harassing it , usually to protect their offspring . A simple definition of mobbing is an assemblage of individuals around a potentially dangerous predator . This is most frequently seen in birds , though it is also known to occur in many other animals such as the meerkat . While mobbing has evolved independently in many species , it only tends to be present in those whose young are frequently preyed upon . This behavior may complement cryptic adaptations in the offspring themselves , such as camouflage and hiding . Mobbing calls may be used to summon nearby individuals to cooperate in the attack . Konrad Lorenz , in his book On Aggression ( 1966 ) , attributed mobbing among birds and animals to instincts rooted in the Darwinian struggle to survive . In his view , humans are subject to similar innate impulses but capable of bringing them under rational control ( see mobbing ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c17b6f42bf01962486fb2490b09343b", "text": "Mantle (mollusc) The mantle ( also known by the Latin word pallium meaning mantle , robe or cloak , adjective pallial ) is a significant part of the anatomy of molluscs : it is the dorsal body wall which covers the visceral mass and usually protrudes in the form of flaps well beyond the visceral mass itself . In many species of molluscs the epidermis of the mantle secretes calcium carbonate and conchiolin , and creates a shell . In sea slugs there is a progressive loss of the shell and the mantle becomes the dorsal surface of the animal . The words mantle and pallium both originally meant cloak or cape , see mantle ( vesture ) . This anatomical structure in molluscs often resembles a cloak because in many groups the edges of the mantle , usually referred to as the mantle margin , extend far beyond the main part of the body , forming flaps , double-layered structures which have been adapted for many different uses , including for example , the siphon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61628003e006b6f8466cbeb56189b048", "text": "Fish jaw Most bony fishes have two sets of jaws made mainly of bone . The primary oral jaws open and close the mouth , and a second set of pharyngeal jaws are positioned at the back of the throat . The oral jaws are used to capture and manipulate prey by biting and crushing . The pharyngeal jaws , so-called because they are positioned within the pharynx , are used to further process the food and move it from the mouth to the stomach . Cartilaginous fishes , such as sharks and rays , have one set of oral jaws made mainly of cartilage . They do not have pharyngeal jaws . Generally jaws are articulated and oppose vertically , comprising an upper jaw and a lower jaw and can bear numerous ordered teeth . Bony fishes usually develop only one set of teeth ( monophyodont ) . Cartilaginous fishes grow multiple sets ( polyphyodont ) and replace teeth as they wear . Jaws probably originated in the pharyngeal arches supporting the gills of jawless fish . The earliest jaws appeared in the now extinct placoderms and spiny sharks during the Silurian , about 430 million years ago . The original selective advantage offered by the jaw was probably not related to feeding , but to increased respiration efficiency -- the jaws were used in the buccal pump to pump water across the gills . The familiar use of jaws for feeding would then have developed as a secondary function before becoming the primary function in many vertebrates . All vertebrate jaws , including the human jaw , evolved from early fish jaws . The appearance of the early vertebrate jaw has been described as `` perhaps the most profound and radical evolutionary step in the vertebrate history '' . Fish without jaws had more difficulty surviving than fish with jaws , and most jawless fish became extinct . Jaws use linkage mechanisms . These linkages can be especially common and complex in the head of bony fishes , such as wrasses , which have evolved many specialized feeding mechanisms . Especially advanced are the linkage mechanisms of jaw protrusion . For suction feeding a system of linked four-bar linkages is responsible for the coordinated opening of the mouth and the three-dimensional expansion of the buccal cavity . Other linkages are responsible for protrusion of the premaxilla . Linkage systems are widely distributed in animals . The most thorough overview of the different types of linkages in animals has been provided by M. Muller , who also designed a new classification system , which is especially well suited for biological systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8902a4135ff1f14633767a454c2d0fe3", "text": "Caribbean reef shark The Caribbean reef shark ( Carcharhinus perezii ) is a species of requiem shark , belonging to the family Carcharhinidae . It is found in the tropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Brazil , and is the most commonly encountered reef shark in the Caribbean Sea . With a robust , streamlined body typical of the requiem sharks , this species is difficult to tell apart from other large members of its family such as the dusky shark ( C. obscurus ) and the silky shark ( C. falciformis ) . Distinguishing characteristics include dusky-colored fins without prominent markings , a short free rear tip on the second dorsal fin , and tooth shape and number . Measuring up to 3 m long , the Caribbean reef shark is one of the largest apex predators in the reef ecosystem , feeding on a variety of fishes and cephalopods . They have been documented resting motionless on the sea bottom or inside caves , unusual behavior for an active-swimming shark . If threatened , it may perform a threat display in which it frequently changes direction and dips its pectoral fins . Like other requiem sharks , it is viviparous with females giving birth to 4 -- 6 young every other year . Caribbean reef sharks are of some importance to fisheries as a source of meat , leather , liver oil , and fishmeal , but recently they have become more valuable as an ecotourist attraction . In the Bahamas and elsewhere , bait is used to attract them to groups of divers in controversial `` shark feedings '' . This species is responsible for a small number of attacks on humans . The shark attacks usually happen in the spring/summer part of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab7c5ec66576fa7fd2cbe345d05ca462", "text": "Myopsina Myopsina is a suborder of squid containing two families : the monotypic Australiteuthidae and the diverse and commercially important Loliginidae ( ~ 50 species ) . Some taxonomists raise this group to the level of an order , in which case it is known as Myopsida . This is due to Myopsina and Oegopsina not being demonstrated to form a clade . A number of morphological features distinguish members of Myopsina from those of its sister group , Oegopsina . Some of the most obvious differences are found in the structure of the eyes : those of myopsid squids lack a secondary eyelid and are instead covered by a transparent corneal membrane , the opening of which is reduced to a microscopic anterior pore in most species . The arms and tentacles are ornamented with simple suckers ( hooks are never present ) , with additional suckers usually borne on the buccal lappets . The carpal ( `` wrist '' ) portion of the tentacular club lacks a locking apparatus , and a tentacle pocket is present on the head . The funnel has no lateral adductor muscles . An internalised shell is present in the form of a well-developed gladius , which is located dorsally within the mantle and extends for almost its entire length . In contrast to oegopsids , females possess accessory nidamental glands in addition to the main nidamental glands . They however lack a right oviduct . Myopsids are found in coastal waters worldwide . They are demersal , generally feeding on or near the bottom . Adult sizes range from the dwarf Australiteuthis and Pickfordiateuthis , whose males mature at less than 2 cm in mantle length ( ML ) , to the large Loligo forbesii , which can exceed 90 cm ML .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31d1c28158201e21d0adccdc2517e0a2", "text": "Hypoathroid The term hypoathroid ( Ancient Greek hypo - , `` under '' + - athroid , `` gathered together '' ) is used to describe the arrangement of ganglia in the nervous system of molluscs . In the hypoathroid state , the pleural ganglia of the `` chest '' and the pedal ganglia of the `` feet '' lie close to each other more or less underneath the gut , and they communicate with the cerebral ganglia via long connectives . It is a condition that is characteristic of the Archaeogastropoda clade , and represents one end of a three-part spectrum of such arrangements , the other two being the dystenoid system in which the pleural and cerebral ganglia are closer together but still distinctly separate , and the epiathroid condition in which the pleural , pedal , and cerebral ganglia all lie close together ( characteristic , for example , of the Mesogastropoda and Neogastropoda . The centralization of the nervous system generally is considered evidence of an evolutionary advancement among molluscs , while the more diffuse condition is viewed as a sign of evolutionary proximity to the hypothetical `` archimollusc '' ancestor of all molluscs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bbb671bd2b287efbebb7d29daf58cd3", "text": "List of cnidarians of Ireland There are 302 species of cnidarians ( phylum Cnidaria ) recorded in Ireland . The cnidarians ' distinguishing feature is cnidocytes , specialized cells that they use mainly for capturing prey . Their bodies consist of mesoglea , a non-living jelly-like substance , sandwiched between two layers of epithelium that are mostly one cell thick . They have two basic body forms : swimming medusae and sessile polyps , both of which are radially symmetrical with mouths surrounded by tentacles that bear cnidocytes . Both forms have a single orifice and body cavity that are used for digestion and respiration . Many cnidarian species produce colonies that are single organisms composed of medusa-like or polyp-like zooids , or both ( hence they are trimorphic ) . Cnidarians found in Ireland and Irish waters include sea pens , sea anemones , hydroids , sea jellies ( `` jellyfish '' ) and corals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16aac9e43276843bba2befd8a250316b", "text": "Grenadiers (fish) Grenadiers or rattails are generally large , brown to black gadiform marine fish of the family Macrouridae . Found at great depths from the Arctic to Antarctic , members of this family are amongst the most abundant of the deep-sea fish . The macrourids form a large and diverse family with 28 extant genera recognized ( well over half of the total species are contained in just three genera , Coelorinchus , Coryphaenoides , and Nezumia ) . They range in length from about 10 cm in Hymenogadus gracilis to 1.5 m in Albatrossia pectoralis . An important commercial fishery exists for the larger species , such as the giant grenadier and Coryphaenoides rupestris . The family as a whole may represent up to 15 % of the deep-sea fish population . Typified by large heads with large mouths and eyes , grenadiers have slender bodies that taper greatly to very thin caudal peduncles or tails ( excluding one species with no tail fin ) : this rat-like tail explains the common name ` rattail ' and the family name Macrouridae , from the Greek makros meaning `` great '' and oura meaning `` tail '' . The first dorsal fin is small , high , and pointed ( and may be spinous ) ; the second dorsal fin runs along the rest of the back and merges with the tail and extensive anal fin . The scales are small . As with many deep-living fish , the lateral line system in grenadiers is well-developed ; it is further aided by numerous chemoreceptors located on the head and lips and chemosensory barbels underneath the chin . Benthic species have gas bladders with unique muscles attached to them . The animals are thought to use these muscles to `` strum '' their gas bladders and produce sound , possibly playing a role in courtship and mate location . Light-producing organs , photophores , are present in some species ; they are located in the middle of the abdomen , just before the anus and underneath the skin . Living at depths from 200 to , grenadiers are the most common benthic fish of the deep ( however , two genera are known to prefer the midwater ) . They may be solitary or may form large schools , as with the roundnose grenadiers . The benthic species are attracted to structural oases , such as hydrothermal vents , cold seeps , and shipwrecks . They are thought to be generalists , feeding on smaller fish , pelagic crustaceans such as shrimp , amphipods , cumaceans , and less often cephalopods and lanternfish . As well as being important apex predators in the benthic habitat , some species are also notable as scavengers . As few rattail larvae have been recovered , little is known of their life histories . They are known to produce a large number ( over 100,000 ) of tiny ( 1 - in diameter ) eggs made buoyant by lipid droplets . The eggs are presumed to float up to the thermocline ( the interface between warmer surface waters and cold , deeper waters ) where they develop . The juveniles remain in shallower waters , gradually migrating to greater depths with age . Spawning may or may not be tied to the seasons , depending on the species . At least one species , Coryphaenoides armatus , is thought to be semelparous ; that is , the adults die after spawning . Nonsemelparous species may live to 56 years or more . The macrourids , in general , are thought to have low resilience ; commercially exploited species may be overfished and this could soon lead to a collapse of their fisheries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b54582a0f9acaa008d72daa1cdea6a7", "text": "Olfactory toxicity in fish The olfactory system is the system related to the sense of smell ( olfaction ) . Many fish activities are dependent on olfaction , such as : mating , discriminating kin , avoiding predators , locating food , contaminant avoidance , imprinting and homing . These activities are referred to as `` olfactory-mediated . '' Impairment of the olfactory system threatens survival and has been used as an ecologically relevant sub-lethal toxicological endpoint for fish within studies . Olfactory information is received by sensory neurons , like the olfactory nerve , that are in a covered cavity separated from the aquatic environment by mucus . Since they are in almost direct contact with the surrounding environment , these neurons are vulnerable to environmental changes . Fish can detect natural chemical cues in aquatic environments at concentrations as low as parts per billion ( ppb ) or parts per trillion ( ppt ) . Studies have shown that exposures to metals , pesticides , or surfactants can disrupt fish olfaction , which can impact their survival and reproductive success . Many studies have indicated copper as a source of olfactory toxicity in fishes , among other common substances . Olfactory toxicity can occur by multiple , complex Modes of Toxic Action .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "083a39f1cb1caeb43017f9d2d6258951", "text": "Exoskeleton An exoskeleton ( from Greek έξω , éxō `` outer '' and σκελετός , skeletos `` skeleton '' ) is the external skeleton that supports and protects an animal 's body , in contrast to the internal skeleton ( endoskeleton ) of , for example , a human . In usage , some of the larger kinds of exoskeletons are known as `` shells '' . Examples of animals with exoskeletons include insects such as grasshoppers and cockroaches , and crustaceans such as crabs and lobsters . The shells of certain sponges and the various groups of shelled molluscs , including those of snails , clams , tusk shells , chitons and nautilus , are also exoskeletons . Some animals , such as the tortoise , have both an endoskeleton and an exoskeleton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e887e8fb2ba4811a2b3b85290cbbb68", "text": "Fish fin Fins are usually the most distinctive features of a fish . They are composed of bony spines or rays protruding from the body with skin covering them and joining them together , either in a webbed fashion , as seen in most bony fish , or similar to a flipper , as seen in sharks . Apart from the tail or caudal fin , fish fins have no direct connection with the spine and are supported only by muscles . Their principal function is to help the fish swim . Fins located in different places on the fish serve different purposes such as moving forward , turning , keeping an upright position or stopping . Most fish use fins when swimming , flying fish use pectoral fins for gliding , and frogfish use them for crawling . Fins can also be used for other purposes ; male sharks and mosquitofish use a modified fin to deliver sperm , thresher sharks use their caudal fin to stun prey , reef stonefish have spines in their dorsal fins that inject venom , anglerfish use the first spine of their dorsal fin like a fishing rod to lure prey , and triggerfish avoid predators by squeezing into coral crevices and using spines in their fins to lock themselves in place . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c17452884e1687a98ebe369ee04a4ad0", "text": "Oarfish Oarfish are large , greatly elongated , pelagic lampriform fish belonging to the small family Regalecidae . Found in all temperate to tropical oceans yet rarely seen , the oarfish family contains four species in two genera . One of these , the giant oarfish ( Regalecus glesne ) , is the longest bony fish alive , growing up to 11 m in length . That is not enough to qualify as the longest fish , however , as some of the cartilaginous fish such as the basking shark and whale shark are even longer . The common name oarfish is thought to be in reference either to their highly compressed and elongated bodies , or to the now discredited belief that the fish `` row '' themselves through the water with their pelvic fins . The family name Regalecidae is derived from the Latin regalis , meaning `` royal '' . The occasional beachings of oarfish after storms , and their habit of lingering at the surface when sick or dying , make oarfish a probable source of many sea serpent tales . Although the larger species are considered game fish and are fished commercially to a minor extent , oarfish are rarely caught alive ; their flesh is not well regarded for eating due to its gelatinous consistency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9550ccbb7f8f6c39e4365e9266f3892b", "text": "Portia schultzi Portia schultzi is a jumping spider which ranges from South Africa in the south to Kenya in the north , and also is found in West Africa and Madagascar . In this species , which is slightly smaller than some other species of the genus Portia , the bodies of females are 5 to 7 mm long , while those of males are 4 to 6 mm long . The carapaces of both sexes are orange-brown with dark brown mottling , and covered with dark brown and whitish hairs lying over the surface . Males have white tufts on their thoraces and a broad white band above the bases of the legs , and these features are less conspicuous in females . Both sexes have tufts of orange to dark orange above the eyes , which are fringed with pale orange hairs . Males ' abdomens are yellow-orange to orange-brown with blackish mottling , and on the upper sides are black and light orange hairs , and nine white tufts . Those of females are pale yellow and have black markings with scattered white and orange-brown hairs on the upper side . P. schultzi has relativity longer legs than other Portia , and a `` lolloping '' gait . While most jumping spiders focus accurately up to about 75 cm away , P. schultzi responds to a maximum of about 10 cm in good light , and ignores everything in very subdued light . For prey , P. schultzi prefers web-based spiders , then jumping spiders , and finally insects . The females of P. schultzi and other Portia species build `` capture webs '' to catch prey , and often join their own webs on to web-based spiders to catch the other spiders or their prey . If a P. schultzi female is mature , a male P. schultzi will try to copulate with her , or cohabit with a subadult female and copulate while she is moulting . They usually mate on a web or on a dragline made by the female , and P. schultzi typically copulates for about 100 seconds , while others in the genus can take several minutes or even several hours . Females try to kill and eat their mates during or after copulation , and subadult females mimic adult females to attract males as prey . Contests between Portia females are violent , and embraces in P. schultzi typically take 20 to 60 seconds . Sometimes , one female knocks the other on her back and the other may be killed and eaten if she does not right herself quickly and run way . When hunting , P. schultzi mature females emit olfactory signals that reduce the risk that any other females , males , or juveniles of the same species may contend for the same prey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "406dbe96bcbb7828617f883f169bfafa", "text": "Teretoctopus Teretoctopus is a genus of octopuses in the family Octopodidae .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7fe7f31ae9e83bbed9c04a2356324b6b", "text": "Octopus wolfi Octopus wolfi is the smallest known octopus . It is found in fairly shallow waters in the western Pacific . It is characterised by a pattern of `` papillate fringes '' around the edge of the suckers near the arm tip . Its length is less than 2.5 cm and it weighs less than 1 g . It is found in the western Pacific Ocean at depths between 10 and .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f772750cba094e2261dffb6ac51c9922", "text": "Siphonophorae The Siphonophorae or Siphonophora , the siphonophores , are an order of the Hydrozoa , a class of marine animals belonging to the phylum Cnidaria . Although a siphonophore appears to be a single organism , each specimen is actually a colony composed of highly specialised individual animals called zooids . Most colonies are long , thin , transparent pelagic floaters . Some siphonophores superficially resemble jellyfish , one example being the venomous Portuguese man o ' war ( Physalia physalis ) . Another species of siphonophore , Praya dubia , is one of the longest animals in the world , with a body length of 40 -- . The term originates from the Greek siphōn `` tube '' + pherein `` to bear '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bc89ff1103c527c0f67ac51e19ab506", "text": "Ogre An ogre ( feminine ogress ) is a term used in myth and folk tales for a variety of abominable and brutish hominid monsters , informally large , unpleasant , grotesque , predatory , and typically cannibalistic towards normal human beings , infants , and children . Ogres and similar creatures feature in mythology , folklore , and fiction around the world , appearing in many classic works of literature and fairy tales . Ogres vary in size depending on the depiction , ranging from moderately large and heavyset by human standards to inhuman and disproportionate giants . Common features include oversized heads and mouths , animal-like bodily hair , discolored skin , extreme physical strength , a voracious appetite , and a generally hideous appearance , odor , and manner . Ogres overlap heavily with giants in mythology and may be considered a subtype thereof ; they also overlap with human cannibals in fiction . The villainous giant in `` Jack and the Beanstalk '' and `` Jack the Giant Killer '' matches an ogre in description and is sometimes directly termed an ogre in variants , and other man-eating giants such as those in The BFG and the Giant Despair in The Pilgrim 's Progress are highly comparable . Further examples of famous folktales featuring ogres include Puss in Boots abd `` Hop-o ' - My-Thumb '' ; while the most famous ogres in modern fiction are the eponymous main character Shrek and his wife Fiona from the animated comedy film series of the same name . Other characters and monsters sometimes comparable to or described as ogres in trait include the titular husband in `` Bluebeard '' , the Beast from `` Beauty and the Beast '' , `` Beowulf 's '' enemy Grendel , the Cyclops Polyphemus from Homer 's Odyssey , the related cyclops in the tales of `` Sinbad the Sailor '' , and the oni of Japanese folklore .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4de7c4a52e91882afa733fa910e79cc6", "text": "Mollusc shell The mollusc ( or molluskOften spelled mollusk shell in the USA ; the spelling `` mollusc '' are preferred by ) shell is typically a calcareous exoskeleton which encloses , supports and protects the soft parts of an animal in the phylum Mollusca , which includes snails , clams , tusk shells , and several other classes . Not all shelled molluscs live in the sea ; many live on the land and in freshwater . The ancestral mollusc is thought to have had a shell , but this has subsequently been lost or reduced on some families , such as the squid , octopus , and some smaller groups such as the caudofoveata and solenogastres , and the highly derived Xenoturbella . Today , over 100,000 living species bear a shell ; there is some dispute as to whether these shell-bearing molluscs form a monophyletic group ( conchifera ) or whether shell-less molluscs are interleaved into their family tree . Malacology , the scientific study of molluscs as living organisms , has a branch devoted to the study of shells , and this is called conchology -- although these terms used to be , and to a minor extent still are , used interchangeably , even by scientists ( this is more common in Europe ) . Within some species of molluscs , there is often a wide degree of variation in the exact shape , pattern , ornamentation , and color of the shell .", "title": "" } ]
fever
6ad8073bf8967db47378d10c5f7724ab
Justin Bieber has yet to win any awards.
[ { "docid": "6a2a7a23e4683d2d2b160122b053c90a", "text": "Justin Bieber Justin Drew Bieber ( -LSB- ˈbiːbər -RSB- born March 1 , 1994 ) is a Canadian singer and songwriter . After a talent manager discovered him through his YouTube videos covering songs in 2008 and signed to RBMG , Bieber released his debut EP , My World , in late 2009 . It was certified Platinum in the U.S. . He became the first artist to have seven songs from a debut record chart on the Billboard Hot 100 . Bieber released his first full-length studio album , My World 2.0 , in 2010 . It debuted at or near number one in several countries , was certified triple Platinum in the U.S. , and contained his single `` Baby '' . Following his debut album , he had his first headlining tour , the My World Tour , released the remix albums My Worlds Acoustic and Never Say Never -- The Remixes -- and the 3D biopic-concert film Justin Bieber : Never Say Never . He released his second studio album , Under the Mistletoe , in November 2011 , when it debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . Bieber released his third studio album , Believe , in 2012 . His fourth studio album Purpose was released in November 2015 , spawning three number one singles : `` What Do You Mean ? '' , `` Sorry '' , and `` Love Yourself '' . His U.S. album and singles sales total 44.7 million . He has sold an estimated 100 million records , making him one of the world 's best-selling music artists . Bieber has won numerous awards , including the American Music Award for Artist of the Year in 2010 and 2012 . In his career , he has won one Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording for the song `` Where Are Ü Now '' at the 2016 ceremony . He has been listed four times by Forbes magazine among the top ten most powerful celebrities in the world in 2011 , 2012 , and 2013 . Bieber also became the first artist to surpass 10 billion total video views on Vevo .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4f8253397a1abc65251a7698f8af1cf8", "text": "2011 MuchMusic Video Awards The 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada at MuchMusic 's headquarters on June 19 , 2011 . The awards were aired on MuchMusic , CP24 , E! , MuchHD and Fuse . Along with the MuchMusic VJ 's , it was confirmed on the MuchMusic website that Selena Gomez will host the show . Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber tied for the most awards won with 2 each .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a285cdcb48b09c3b15f36d6b2d2c8535", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Justin Hurwitz This is a list of awards and nominations received by American composer and screenwriter Justin Hurwitz . He is best known for scoring the 2016 film La La Land . He also scored Damien Chazelle 's two other features , Guy and Madeline on a Park Bench and Whiplash . For La La Land , he won the Golden Globe Awards for Best Original Score and Best Original Song ( for `` City of Stars ' ) . He also won the BAFTA Award for Best Film Music and two Academy Awards : Best Original Score and Best Original Song ( for `` City of Stars '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6eda4fc0042da78360cab798fd3398b8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only . The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3daaae8ce23225d01c335dbe3357855a", "text": "London International Awards The London International Awards , or LIA ( formerly known as London International Advertising Awards , LIAA ) , are a worldwide awards annually honoring `` pioneers , and embodiments of excellence '' in advertising , digital media , production , design , music & sound and branded entertainment . It was the first truly international advertising award of its kind to acknowledge all media and methods from all over the world to be judged by a diverse global jury .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f669325724be44c2b661a6cd2c1fca07", "text": "Juno Awards of 2006 The Juno Awards of 2006 were held in Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada on the weekend of 31 March to 2 April 2006 . These ceremonies honour music industry achievements in Canada during the previous year . The primary ceremonies were hosted by Pamela Anderson at the Halifax Metro Centre on 2 April and televised on CTV . Buck 65 was the ceremony 's introduction and preview announcer . Music artists Bedouin Soundclash , Broken Social Scene , Divine Brown , Hedley , Massari and Nickelback performed songs at these ceremonies . Also performing were the co-winners for the 2006 International Album of the Year , The Black Eyed Peas and Coldplay . Bryan Adams was the 2006 inductee into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame . Chris Martin of Coldplay introduced Adams at the primary ceremony . Michael Bublé won four awards , more than any other individual that year . Besides winning Artist of the Year , his album It 's Time won in both the Album of the Year and Pop Album of the Year categories . His song `` Home '' from that album was declared Single of the Year . Awards for most categories were presented on 1 April in a non-televised ceremony at the Halifax World Trade and Convention Centre hosted by Jully Black , with performances by Kardinal Offishall , The Road Hammers and Martha Wainwright . This Saturday gala included the presentation of the Junos ' first Humanitarian award to Bruce Cockburn . The Walt Grealis Special Achievement Award was given to True North Records founder Bernie Finkelstein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be2af1170ecafe94044e02a20f55be6c", "text": "Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act The Brit Award for British Breakthrough Act is an award given by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) , an organisation which represents record companies and artists in the United Kingdom . The accolade is presented at the Brit Awards , an annual celebration of British and international music . The winners and nominees are determined by the BRIT Awards voting academy with over 1,000 members , which comprise record labels , publishers , managers , agents , media , and previous winners and nominees . The award was first presented in 1977 as two awards as `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' which were won by Graham Parker and Julie Covington . When the Brit Awards was held for the second time in 1982 , the awards `` British Male Newcomer '' and `` British Female Newcomer '' became joint as one award for both male and female acts as well introducing groups acts to award . The first award for the joint `` British Newcomer '' was won by The Human League . In 2003 the award was renamed to `` British Breakthrough Act '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "065b2530a48aef0bfbaaf1718fcbefcd", "text": "Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year The Juno Award for Electronic Album of the Year is an annual award presented by the Canadian Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences for the best electronic album released in Canada . It has been awarded since 2011 . The five nominees and eventual winner in the category are chosen by a panel of judges from the music industry across Canada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb0706e9e12ac0760eaa97f22c2a852", "text": "American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R & B Female Artist has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year during which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward , when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Rihanna with 6 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "257f3b722a90544e1bf9d2b665d93890", "text": "2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards The 2014 iHeartRadio Music Awards , was the inaugural music award show presented by iHeartMedia 's platform iHeartRadio and NBC . The awards were held on May 1 , 2014 , at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles . The awards show was announced on February 26 , 2014 . The nominations were compiled by the results of Mediabase charts , listener feedback and digital straming data from the iHeartRadio platform and announced on March 26 , 2014 . The awards recognized the biggest artists and songs of the year . The show was directed by Hamish Hamilton . The voting took place on iHeartRadio 's official webpage except for the `` Instagram Award '' , where voting took place on social network Instagram . Rihanna led the nominations with eight and also became the biggest winner of the night with four wins including Artist of the Year and Song of the Year . NBC 's telecast of the iHeartRadio Music Awards drew 5.4 million viewers overall and a rating of 1.7 in the key 18-to-49-year-old demographic .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b3907e0f439d47ffba9e9459590723d", "text": "Unsigned artist An unsigned artist , unsigned band or independent artist is a musician or musical group not under a contract with a record label . The terms are used in the music industry as a marketing technique . Bands that release their own material on self-published CDs can also be considered unsigned bands . Often unsigned bands primarily exist to perform at concerts . In more recent years , the Internet has helped promote the music of unsigned bands . Artists often post their music as MP3s on websites such as Bandcamp , SoundCloud , Myspace , PureVolume , GarageBand.com and SoundClick . In 2016 , the Unsigned Music Awards was established in the UK as the first ever televised international awards ceremony to champion artists without the backing of a record label . UK unsigned bands and musicians are able to use such services as The Unsigned Guide and to gather music industry contact names , phone numbers , websites and social media links , as well as information on how to get signed or market music independently . Song pitching websites , such as TAXI allow unsigned musicians to see which record labels ( and other music companies ) are currently seeking new music . Further , companies like Sentric Music and the royalty payment service offered by Last.fm can help in generating income streams for unsigned bands .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "895d4076d1a7aee760bc2967bd05e497", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition The Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Composition ( including its previous names ) has been awarded since 1960 . The award is presented to the composer of an original piece of music ( not an adaptation ) , first released during the eligibility year . In theory , any style of music is eligible for this category , but winning compositions are usually in the jazz or film score genres . The Grammy is awarded to the composer ( s ) of the music , not to the performing artist , except if the artist is also the composer . There have been several minor changes to the name of the award : In 1958 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1958 ( over 5 minutes duration ) In 1960 it was awarded as Best Musical Composition First Recorded and Released in 1959 ( more than 5 minutes duration ) In 1962 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme or Instrumental Version of Song From 1963 to 1964 and from 1967 to 1970 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Theme In 1965 it was awarded as Best Instrumental Composition ( other than jazz ) From 1971 to the present it has been awarded as Best Instrumental Composition Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2de615d218764aca1039ae71fbcd70db", "text": "20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 . The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c01276185246f261980f83d0875cb36", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories . The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66beaa429c8888f36e7a01fd082d9896", "text": "My Worlds Acoustic My Worlds Acoustic is the first remix album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 26 , 2010 and was initially sold exclusively at Walmart retail stores and Sam 's Club . The album features nine acoustic versions of songs from his debut extended play , My World , and first album My World 2.0 , as well as a new song `` Pray . '' The new versions of the songs were produced by Bieber 's music director , Dan Kanter , his vocal producer Kuk Harrell , and also producer Rob Wells . Internationally , the set is included as a part of the compilation album , My Worlds : The Collection , which included songs from the previous two releases . My Worlds Acoustic was released to iTunes , on February 8 , 2011 . According to Bieber , he wanted to release the album for the naysayers who critiqued his actual singing ability . The singer said that he wanted to have an acoustic album , to reflect the effect of production on his vocals . Although labeled as an acoustic album , the songs still include subtle usages of electronic sounds such as synthesizers . The album received generally favorable reviews from critics , however most critics were not satisfied that the album was not genuinely acoustic . In Canada , the song debuted at number five , and later peaked at number four on the Canadian Albums Chart and certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association . My Worlds Acoustic debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 , selling 115,000 copies in its first week , becoming Bieber 's third consecutive top ten album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d84599382c32d6dd2ae245d3a051593", "text": "World Soundtrack Award – Public Choice The Public Choice Award for the Best Score of the Year is an award by the World Soundtrack Academy . Each year , the general public votes for the nominees and the award is presented at the annual World Soundtrack Awards . The category has existed since 2001 , but there was not a winner nor a vote for 2003 's ceremony . In 2016 , the International Film Music Critics Association partnered with WSA in choosing the shortlist of nominees , selecting 30 scores representing the most outstanding works . The five nominees receiving the most votes became the final candidates for the award , with the winner announced at the awards gala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e0c2902da52dd1f923e4530182e88b", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song was a new category at the 2015 ceremony of the annual Grammy Awards . It combines two previously separate categories in the Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music field , Best Contemporary Christian Music Song and Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance . The new category recognizes both songwriters and performers ( solo/duos/groups / collaborations/etc . ) and is open for singles or tracks only . Songwriters are only awarded a Grammy Award if it is a newly written song . Grammy 's for cover versions of previously recorded songs are awarded to the performer ( s ) only . Along with the also newly formed Best Gospel Performance/Song category , these mark the only Grammy categories which honor both performers and songwriters in one category . These changes were made in June 2014 by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences `` in the interest of clarifying the criteria , representing the current culture and creative DNA of the gospel and Contemporary Christian Music communities , and better reflecting the diversity and authenticity of today 's gospel music industry . '' According to the Grammy committee , the move recognizes `` the critical contribution of both songwriters and performers by combining songwriters and artists into the Best Gospel Performance/Song and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song categories . '' Gospel performances , which were previously recognized in the Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance category , will now fall under the newly created Best Gospel Performance/Song category .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cbdf30c393f6f04ceac59cc049ece628", "text": "Best International Athlete ESPY Award The Best International Athlete ESPY Award is an award given to the sportsperson , irrespective of gender or sport contested , adjudged to have been the best or most outstanding of those born outside , or not possessing citizenship , of the United States who contest a major international individual sport primarily in the United States or a North American professional team sport in a given calendar year . The award was discontinued after 2009 , but was reinstated in 2012 . Balloting for the award was conducted over the Internet by fans from amongst choices selected by the ESPN Select Nominating Committee . The ESPY Awards ceremony has been conducted in June or July since the 2002 ceremony ; all awards conferred in that period reflect performance and achievement over the twelve months previous to presentation , which may span one or two seasons depending upon the recipient 's particular sport .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9dc65b32d932bea6eddd0225188c6036", "text": "All Bad `` All Bad '' is a single by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 11 , 2013 , The song is the sixth in Bieber 's series Music Mondays , the first five being `` Heartbreaker '' ( October 7 , 2013 ) , `` All That Matters '' ( October 14 ) , `` Hold Tight '' ( October 21 ) , `` Recovery '' ( October 28 ) and `` Bad Day '' ( November 4 ) . Bieber released a new single every week for 10 weeks from October 7 to December 9 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "266db1c05a1308f55888fac0b067f51a", "text": "2006 MTV Movie Awards The 2006 MTV Movie Awards were hosted by Jessica Alba and featured performances by Christina Aguilera , AFI and Gnarls Barkley . In addition to the below awards , MTV gave lifetime achievement awards to Jim Carrey ( The MTV Generation Award ) and Spike Lee ( The Silver Bucket of Excellence , for Do the Right Thing ) . MTV held its 15th annual movie awards show on Saturday , June 3 , at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City , California . MTV first broadcast the award show on 8 June at 9:00 pm ET . Tenth Planet Productions produced the awards , and Joel Gallen was the executive-producer and director for the 12th consecutive year . This is also the second MTV Movie Awards show to have a host win an award . The first show was in 2004 with Lindsay Lohan winning an award . The host for the MTV Movie Awards in 2006 was Jessica Alba . Christina Aguilera performed , for the very first time , her lead single of her latest release Back to Basics , `` Ai n't No Other Man '' . Pre-recorded parodies include The Da Vinci Code , Mission : Impossible III , and King Kong .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c71fff4ca3e6a08a215c4c47fc019ef0
Hot was released in October.
[ { "docid": "d4712a17630c2cbd1efbc4c84d80198b", "text": "Hot (Mel B album) Hot is the debut album by British pop singer Melanie B , released on 9 October 2000 by Virgin . The album was not as successful as her albums with the Spice Girls or that of other members solo albums released around this time . It peaked at number twenty-eight in United Kingdom and sold over 60,000 copies , receiving a silver certification . The album had four singles : `` I Want You Back '' , featuring Missy Elliott , `` Tell Me '' , `` Feels So Good '' and `` Lullaby '' . The first three singles reached top 5 in United Kingdom . The single `` Word Up '' , previously released on the soundtrack of the film Austin Powers : The Spy Who Shagged Me , was included on the Japanese version . The album received mixed to negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "c3b2ecf673bb60b2e84c11685be116f6", "text": "Hot House (Arturo Sandoval album) Hot House is an album by Arturo Sandoval , released through N2K Records in 1998 . In 1999 , the album won Sandoval the Grammy Award for Best Latin Jazz Performance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e31ca454e5a7738a75ccfc4fb071566f", "text": "She Was Hot `` She Was Hot '' is a song by The Rolling Stones from their 1983 album Undercover . Recording on `` She Was Hot '' first began in late 1982 . Written by Mick Jagger and Keith Richards , the song is a traditional rock 'n' roll number from the band . The song is notable as both original Rolling Stones pianist Ian Stewart and his replacement Chuck Leavell perform on the recording . `` She Was Hot '' was released as the second single from the album in late January 1984 . The B-side to the single was an Emotional Rescue outtake , `` I Think I 'm Going Mad . '' The single did not perform well , reaching only number 44 on the U.S. Charts and number 42 on the U.K. Charts . A memorable video was produced for the song , featuring actress Anita Morris who semi-comically tempts each member of the band . The video version includes an extra verse . As with its predecessor , `` Undercover of the Night , '' `` She Was Hot '' was directed by Julien Temple , and was also edited for broadcast on MTV . The Rolling Stones resurrected `` She Was Hot '' for the 2006 United States leg of their A Bigger Bang Tour . The song made its live debut on October 11 , 2006 in Chicago , and was a regular part of the band 's set list during the tour . The November 1 , 2006 performance of `` She Was Hot '' was captured for the 2008 concert film and live album Shine a Light . The song was also covered and reworked by Cheap Trick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47ed7ad0a8c735ff9e7d0e841bc76eb1", "text": "Heat (Kim Hyun-joong song) HEAT is Kim Hyun-joong 's second Japanese single . There are five available versions of this single , three of which include the song `` Let 's Party '' in addition to the CD 's title track `` Heat '' . For `` Heat '' Kim Hyun-joong collaborated with Japanese rock duo B ` z. Although there are music videos for both , `` Heat '' and `` Let 's Party '' , the latter song was not promoted on TV programs . The songs will be featured on Kim Hyun-joong 's upcoming Japanese album Unlimited . Heat reached # 31 on Oricon 's Yearly Single Chart , having sold 202,672 copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30959f9fe2cb70e53c009b07475fb6fe", "text": "Hot Baby Hot Baby is a mini-album by South Korean girl group BESTie . It was released on July 28 , 2014 by YNB Entertainment and distributed by Loen Entertainment as the group 's first mini-album . On August 29 , it was re-released as I Need You .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d868dde1ce44f844e109610b7426e2e1", "text": "October 7", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eba8147d3f6f01c4ec68d5c09336e5ed", "text": "Situation Hot Situation Hot is actually a re-release of Arabian Prince 's earlier singles from the days before N.W.A. . It was released on cassette in 1990 , then re-packaged as Greatest Hits on CD in 1998 with a slightly expanded track list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a6e98bc1d3f3727b2b7f0ed078b6948", "text": "Hot Choice Hot Choice is a pay-per-view service that mainly airs adult content . It is run by In Demand Networks and is carried on some cable television systems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a4d9118ff5e1f0ecacdfc142eb3f4df", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1997 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical sales and airplay . There were nine singles that peaked atop the charts , but if `` Un-Break My Heart '' is excluded from the count ( for the song started its peak in the previous year ) , the total would be eight , the second lowest for a single year , tied with 1996 and subsequently , 2005 . The longest running number-one single of 1997 is `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' , which logged 14 weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 . Two of those weeks were logged in 1998 while the remaining 12 were attained in 1997 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1dcd5c3369c77dbf2dd4cc679666ffa9", "text": "Hot Pink Hot Pink is the debut studio album by the American band The Pink Spiders , released in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f13a178e187225a5a464254a72781a5", "text": "Hot (Squirrel Nut Zippers album) Hot is the second studio album by Squirrel Nut Zippers , released in 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3107a2c902e5c894b848d6f20a0923da", "text": "Hot Vidéo Hot Vidéo is a French trade journal that covers the adult video industry . It was founded in June 1989 by Frank Vardon . It is now part of VCV Communications . Its average circulation date to 2011 is about 50,000 copies per month , while in the 1990s it was about 100,000 copies . Its staff include professional journalists previously committed to other news fields . Tabitha Cash is the editor in chief and oversees the Hot Video group which consists of five divisions : magazine , TV , web , mobile and VOD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e", "text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e54d481523e826d75a75847b030bd6b6", "text": "Hot Space Hot Space is the tenth studio album by the British rock band Queen , released on 21 May 1982 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States . Marking a notable shift in direction from their earlier work , they employed many elements of disco , funk , rhythm and blues , dance and pop music on the album . This made the album less popular with fans who preferred the traditional rock style they had come to associate with the band . Queen 's decision to record a dance-oriented album germinated with the massive success in the US of their 1980 hit `` Another One Bites the Dust '' ( and to a lesser extent , the UK success of the song ) . `` Under Pressure '' , Queen 's collaboration with David Bowie , was released in 1981 and became the band 's second # 1 hit in the UK . Though included on Hot Space , the song was a separate project and was recorded ahead of the album , before the controversy over Queen 's new disco-influenced rock sound . The album 's second single , `` Body Language '' , peaked at # 11 on the US charts . In July 2004 , Q magazine listed Hot Space as one of the top fifteen albums where great rock acts lost the plot . Most of the album was recorded in Munich during the most turbulent period in the band 's history , and Roger Taylor and Brian May despised the new sound , with both being very critical of the influence Freddie Mercury 's manager Paul Prenter had on the singer . Estimated sales of the album currently stand at 3.5 million copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2c64fcded8ccd843f6577a369b59eaf", "text": "August October `` August October '' is a song written and performed by English singer-songwriter Robin Gibb , the second and the last song released from the album Robin 's Reign . It reached # 45 in the UK in three weeks . It was also charted in other countries like Germany ( # 12 ) , New Zealand ( # 11 ) and in Denmark ( # 3 ) . It was backed by `` Give Me a Smile '' , a song also appeared on his debut album . It was released as a single in February 1970 , same month on which the album was released . It was later covered by Elton John .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "476cfe9d79b0b94a66c2673bff269f84", "text": "Hot Stuff (Donna Summer song) `` Hot Stuff '' is a song by American singer Donna Summer from her seventh studio album Bad Girls ( 1979 ) , produced by Italian DJ Giorgio Moroder , and released as the lead single from Bad Girls on April 13 , 1979 , through Casablanca Records . Up to that point , Summer had mainly been associated with disco songs but this song also showed a significant rock direction , including a guitar solo by ex-Doobie Brother and Steely Dan guitarist Jeff `` Skunk '' Baxter . It is one of her most popular songs , based on the performance on the Billboard Hot 100 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6ec06015ccb6a5068b60130bc4bab87", "text": "Truth Rising Truth Rising is the eighth studio album by American Punk rock band Hed PE . The album was released on October 26 , 2010 to mixed reviews . Truth Rising debuted at # 98 on the Billboard 200 . The album also peaked # 13 on the Top Independent albums charts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f", "text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68b4eca9c471f2ae62f5fdfd5f599a78", "text": "October 24", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f414f242e4daec55955d167f0307673", "text": "Hot Fuzz Hot Fuzz is a 2007 British action comedy film directed by Edgar Wright , written by Wright and Simon Pegg , and starring Pegg and Nick Frost . The three and the film 's producer Nira Park had previously worked together on the television series Spaced and the 2004 film Shaun of the Dead . The film follows two police officers attempting to solve a series of mysterious deaths in an English village . Over a hundred action films were used as inspiration for developing the script . Filming took place over eleven weeks in early 2006 , and featured an extensive cast along with various uncredited cameos . Visual effects were developed by ten artists to expand on or add explosions , gore , and gunfire scenes . Debuting on 14 February 2007 in the United Kingdom and 20 April in the United States , Hot Fuzz received critical and commercial success . Shortly after the film 's release , two different soundtracks were released in the UK and US . The film is the second in Wright and Pegg 's Three Flavours Cornetto trilogy and was preceded by 2004 's Shaun of the Dead and followed by 2013 's The World 's End , each of them featuring a different flavour of Cornetto ice cream . It is also the most financially successful film in the trilogy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "61c2334b376a7e0c716b079e3b4343aa", "text": "Hot Sugar (Tamar Braxton song) `` Hot Sugar '' is a song by American singer Tamar Braxton from her second studio album , Love and War ( 2013 ) . The song was released on October 17 , 2013 , as the fourth and final singe from the album . American producer Kyle `` K2 '' Stewart II wrote `` Hot Sugar '' in collaboration with Braxton and songwriters LaShawn Daniels and Mandakeba Riddick . Critical response to `` Hot Sugar '' was mixed : some critics praised its sound while others negatively compared it to the album 's ballads .", "title": "" } ]
fever
b36bd1669b870a0c9ecfe02edbdc9d5f
Treatments for peripheral artery disease exclude atherectomy.
[ { "docid": "66f3b8fe591256caa4dadfe29090aed7", "text": "Peripheral artery disease Peripheral artery disease ( PAD ) is a narrowing of the arteries other than those that supply the heart or the brain . When narrowing occurs in the heart , it is called coronary artery disease , while , in the brain , it is called cerebrovascular disease . Peripheral artery disease most commonly affects the legs , but other arteries may also be involved . The classic symptom is leg pain when walking which resolves with rest , known as intermittent claudication . Other symptoms including skin ulcers , bluish skin , cold skin , or poor nail and hair growth may occur in the affected leg . Complications may include an infection or tissue death which may require amputation ; coronary artery disease , or stroke . Up to 50 % of cases of PAD are without symptoms . The main risk factor is cigarette smoking . Other risk factors include diabetes , high blood pressure , and high blood cholesterol . The underlying mechanism is usually atherosclerosis . Other causes include artery spasm . PAD is typically diagnosed by finding an ankle-brachial index ( ABI ) less than 0.90 , which is the systolic blood pressure at the ankle divided by the systolic blood pressure of the arm . Duplex ultrasonography and angiography may also be used . Angiography is more accurate and allows for treatment at the same time ; however , it is associated with greater risks . It is unclear if screening for disease is useful as it has not been properly studied . In those with intermittent claudication from PAD , stopping smoking and supervised exercise therapy improves outcomes . Medications , including statins , ACE inhibitors , and cilostazol also may help . Aspirin does not appear to help those with mild disease but is usually recommended in those with more significant disease . Anticoagulants such as warfarin are not typically of benefit . Procedures used to treat the disease include bypass grafting , angioplasty , and atherectomy . In 2015 about 155 million people had PAD worldwide . In the developed world it affects about 5.3 % of 45 to 50 years olds and 18.6 % of 85 - to 90-year-olds . In the developing world it affects 4.6 % of people between the ages of 45 to 50 and 15 % of people between the ages of 85 to 90 . In the developed world PAD is equally common among men and women while in the developing world women are more commonly affected . In 2015 PAD resulted in about 52,500 deaths up from 16,000 deaths in 1990 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "598d11326a797bfd619ee68d83bfff61", "text": "Screening (medicine) Screening , in medicine , is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms . This can include individuals with pre-symptomatic or unrecognized symptomatic disease . As such , screening tests are somewhat unusual in that they are performed on persons apparently in good health . Screening interventions are designed to identify disease in a community early , thus enabling earlier intervention and management in the hope to reduce mortality and suffering from a disease . Although screening may lead to an earlier diagnosis , not all screening tests have been shown to benefit the person being screened ; overdiagnosis , misdiagnosis , and creating a false sense of security are some potential adverse effects of screening . For these reasons , a test used in a screening program , especially for a disease with low incidence , must have good sensitivity in addition to acceptable specificity . Several types of screening exist : universal screening involves screening of all individuals in a certain category ( for example , all children of a certain age ) . Case finding involves screening a smaller group of people based on the presence of risk factors ( for example , because a family member has been diagnosed with a hereditary disease ) . Screening interventions are not designed to be diagnostic , and often have significant rates of both false positive and false negative results .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de2d60b834e703d5f12252daf2dc7cf3", "text": "Acute limb ischaemia Acute limb ischaemia ( ALI ) occurs when there is a sudden lack of blood flow to a limb . Acute limb ischaemia is caused by embolism or thrombosis , or rarely by dissection or trauma . Thrombosis is usually caused by peripheral vascular disease ( atherosclerotic disease that leads to blood vessel blockage ) , while an embolism is usually of cardiac origin . In the United States , ALI is estimated to occur in 14 out of every 100,000 people per year . With proper surgical care , acute limb ischaemia is a highly treatable condition ; however , delayed treatment ( beyond 6 to 12 hours ) can result in permanent disability , amputation , and/or death . The New Latin term ischaemia as written , is a British version of the word ischemia , and stems from the Greek terms ischein ` to hold ' ; and haima ` blood ' . In this sense , ischaemia refers to the inhibition of blood flow to/through the limb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b99b59112732541cc67b1cd6bfd7f61", "text": "Essential medicines Essential medicines , as defined by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) , are the medicines that `` satisfy the priority health care needs of the population '' . These are the medications to which people should have access at all times in sufficient amounts . The prices should be at generally affordable levels . The WHO has published a model list of essential medicines . Each country is encouraged to prepare their own lists taking into consideration local priorities . Over 150 countries have published an official essential medicines list . The essential medicines list enables health authorities , especially in developing countries , to optimize pharmaceutical resources . The WHO List contains a core list and a complementary list . The core list presents a list of minimum medicine needs for a basic health care system , listing the most efficacious , safe and cost-effective medicines for priority conditions . Priority conditions are selected on the basis of current and estimated future public health relevance , and potential for safe and cost-effective treatment . The complementary list presents essential medicines for priority diseases , for which specialized diagnostic or monitoring facilities are needed . In case of doubt medicines may also be listed as complementary on the basis of higher costs or less attractive cost-effectiveness in a variety of settings . The list is important because : it forms the basis of national drugs policy in more than 155 countries , both in the developed and developing world . Many governments refer to WHO recommendations when making decisions on health spending .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0dd865f7baacb82e573a5150e58b8260", "text": "Cordectomy Cordectomy is the surgical removal of a cord . It usually refers to removal of the vocal cord , often for the purpose of treating Laryngeal Cancer . The word is derived from the Greek , combining `` Chorde '' and `` ektome '' meaning excision . It can be carried out by traditional surgical techniques or , increasingly , by Carbon Dioxide Laser . CO2 laser cordectomy has allowed the treatment of glottic carcinoma as a day case procedure . The procedure has also been carried out by vets to prevent incessant barking by dogs . In Human , this type of surgeries are usually done by the Otolaryngologists and Oral & Maxillofacial Surgeons . Prior to surgery , the patient must be informed of serious , debilitating , and permanent consequences of surgery , most notably the loss of speaking capacity with severity correlating to the portion of vocal cords removed . A patient will be incapable of producing most vocal sounds following total cordectomy , although certain primal deep guttural screams may still be produced , with the patient almost always retaining the ability to speak in whispers . There is little no chance of a patient recovering their voice following a complete or near-complete cordectomy as the procedure literally removes the organs responsible for vocal utterances , and patients with a less-than-entire cordectomy will always lose some or most of their vocal range ( again corresponding to the section and amount of removed vocal cords ) . Doctors are encouraged to explore alternative communication technologies with patients ( such as voice-boxes , whisper-amplifying devices , and text = to-speak softwares ) prior to determining the acceptability of the procedure . Patients should be made to understand that the procedure is absolutely permanent and their vocal capacity ( with current technology ) will never recover to its range prior to the surgery , and patients with small percentages of cord removals will experience disproportionately severe loss of vocal range compared to the loss suffered by patients who have undergone a near-entire cordectomy procedure . The indications being Carcinoma of Vocal cords and Early Glottic Carcinoma etc. . According to the European Laryngeal Society , Cordectomy is classified into followings : 1 ) Type I : Subepithelial cordectomy 2 ) Type II : Subligamental cordectomy 3 ) Type III : Transmuscular cordectomy 4 ) Type IV : Total or Complete cordectomy Category : Oral and maxillofacial surgery", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6048abea3c32c16e149e4fed69f00ab", "text": "Alternative cancer treatments Alternative cancer treatments are alternative or complementary treatments for cancer that have not been approved by the government agencies responsible for the regulation of therapeutic goods . They include diet and exercise , chemicals , herbs , devices , and manual procedures . The treatments are not supported by evidence , either because no proper testing has been conducted , or because testing did not demonstrate statistically significant efficacy . Concerns have been raised about the safety of some of them . Some treatments that have been proposed in the past have been found in clinical trials to be useless or unsafe . Some of these obsolete or disproven treatments continue to be promoted , sold , and used . Promoting or marketing such treatments is illegal in most of the developed world including the United States and European Union . A distinction is typically made between complementary treatments which do not disrupt conventional medical treatment , and alternative treatments which may replace conventional treatment . Alternative cancer treatments are typically contrasted with experimental cancer treatments -- which are treatments for which experimental testing is underway -- and with complementary treatments , which are non-invasive practices used alongside other treatment . All approved chemotherapeutic cancer treatments were considered experimental cancer treatments before their safety and efficacy testing was completed . Since the 1940s , medical science has developed chemotherapy , radiation therapy , adjuvant therapy and the newer targeted therapies , as well as refined surgical techniques for removing cancer . Before the development of these modern , evidence-based treatments , 90 % of cancer patients died within five years . With modern mainstream treatments , only 34 % of cancer patients die within five years . However , while mainstream forms of cancer treatment generally prolong life or permanently cure cancer , most treatments also have side effects ranging from unpleasant to fatal , such as pain , blood clots , fatigue , and infection . These side effects and the lack of a guarantee that treatment will be successful create appeal for alternative treatments for cancer , which purport to cause fewer side effects or to increase survival rates . Alternative cancer treatments have typically not undergone properly conducted , well-designed clinical trials , or the results have not been published due to publication bias ( a refusal to publish results of a treatment outside that journal 's focus area , guidelines or approach ) . Among those that have been published , the methodology is often poor . A 2006 systematic review of 214 articles covering 198 clinical trials of alternative cancer treatments concluded that almost none conducted dose-ranging studies , which are necessary to ensure that the patients are being given a useful amount of the treatment . These kinds of treatments appear and vanish frequently , and have throughout history .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46da54d6dfaeb14e2b8627a5140ee404", "text": "Cure A cure is the end of a medical condition ; the substance or procedure that ends the medical condition , such as a medication , a surgical operation , a change in lifestyle , or even a philosophical mindset that helps end a person 's sufferings ; or the state of being healed , or cured . A remission is a temporary end to the medical signs and symptoms of an incurable disease . A disease is said to be incurable if there is always a chance of the patient relapsing , no matter how long the patient has been in remission . An incurable disease may or may not be a terminal illness ; conversely , a curable illness can still result in the patient 's death . The proportion of people with a disease that are cured by a given treatment , called the cure fraction or cure rate , is determined by comparing disease-free survival of treated people against a matched control group that never had the disease . Another way of determining the cure fraction and/or `` cure time '' is by measuring when the hazard rate in a diseased group of individuals returns to the hazard rate measured in the general population . Inherent in the idea of a cure is the permanent end to the specific instance of the disease . When a person has the common cold , and then recovers from it , the person is said to be cured , even though the person might someday catch another cold . Conversely , a person that has successfully managed a disease , such as diabetes mellitus , so that it produces no undesirable symptoms for the moment , but without actually permanently ending it , is not cured . Related concepts , whose meaning can differ , include response , remission and recovery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c504f837194a91391b1390a15ab2201f", "text": "Stroke in China Recent epidemiologic studies confirm that stroke is the most frequent cause of death in the People 's Republic of China , with an incidence more than fivefold that of myocardial infarction . Intracerebral hemorrhage causes about one third of all strokes , nearly three times the frequency in North American stroke registries . A marked regional variation in stroke incidence exists , with a threefold higher stroke incidence in northern than in southern Chinese cities , suggesting important environmental or dietary influences . Stroke treatment often involves a combination of modern and traditional herbal medicine ; the latter may modify platelet aggregation and blood viscosity . Stroke , particularly intracerebral hemorrhage , is the most frequent and important vascular disorder in China . China reports more patients with stroke than anywhere else in the world . While there is still a great deal of unknown information , stroke research has been making great progress in recent years , such as in the areas of clinical research , population and genetic epidemiology , brain ischemia/reperfusion exploring , leukoencephalopathy ( CADASIL ) , neural stem cell and stroke , neuroprotective treatment for stroke , clinical therapy test in stroke , rehabilitation and prevention . Cities and towns in China have integrated systems for registering and investigating strokes . Chinese researchers have followed closely the international level of stroke treatment with a forward position in neural stem cell . Traditional Chinese drugs have featured effects on neuroprotective treatment for stroke which has also been investigated . Chinese scientists have suggested a new way of dividing neuroprotectors in stroke . The clinical therapy test with urokinase and defibrase for cerebral infarction in China is effective and relatively safe , yet the original papers published by Chinese researchers and clinical effects for patient treatment still need to be improved and updated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed3fa13abb90bb991f9e4a1347431771", "text": "Chemotherapy Chemotherapy ( often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx ) is a category of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs ( chemotherapeutic agents ) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen . Chemotherapy may be given with a curative intent ( which almost always involves combinations of drugs ) , or it may aim to prolong life or to reduce symptoms ( palliative chemotherapy ) . Chemotherapy is one of the major categories of the medical discipline specifically devoted to pharmacotherapy for cancer , which is called medical oncology . By common usage , the term chemotherapy has come to connote the use of rather non-specific intracellular poisons , especially related to inhibiting the process of cell division known as mitosis , and generally excludes agents that more selectively block extracellular growth signals ( i.e. blockers of signal transduction ) . To avoid these connotations for recently developed ( against specific molecular or genetic targets ) therapies which inhibit of growth-promoting signals coming from classic endocrine hormones ( primarily estrogens for breast cancer and androgens for prostate cancer ) is known as hormonal therapy , while the inhibition of other growth-promoting influences ( especially those associated with receptor tyrosine kinases ) is known as targeted therapy . Importantly , the use of drugs ( whether chemotherapy , hormonal therapy or targeted therapy ) constitutes systemic therapy for cancer in that they are introduced into the blood stream and are therefore in principle able to address cancer at any anatomic location in the body . Systemic therapy is often used in conjunction with other modalities that constitute local therapy ( i.e. treatments whose efficacy is confined to the anatomic area where they are applied ) for cancer such as radiation therapy , surgery and/or hyperthermia therapy . Traditional chemotherapeutic agents are cytotoxic by means of interfering with cell division ( mitosis ) but cancer cells vary widely in their susceptibility to these agents . To a large extent , chemotherapy can be thought of as a way to damage or stress cells , which may then lead to cell death if apoptosis is initiated . Many of the side effects of chemotherapy can be traced to damage to normal cells that divide rapidly and are thus sensitive to anti-mitotic drugs : cells in the bone marrow , digestive tract and hair follicles . This results in the most common side-effects of chemotherapy : myelosuppression ( decreased production of blood cells , hence also immunosuppression ) , mucositis ( inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract ) , and alopecia ( hair loss ) . Because of the effect on immune cells ( especially lymphocytes ) , chemotherapy drugs often find use in a host of diseases that result from harmful overactivity of the immune system against self ( so-called autoimmunity ) . These include rheumatoid arthritis , systemic lupus erythematosus , multiple sclerosis , vasculitis and many others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bff5c0f8896a4215a08db67bd781001", "text": "Expanded Criteria Donor Expanded Criteria Donor ( ECD ) is normally associated with deceased or living kidney donors . They are also referred to as donors with `` medical complexities '' . ECD donors are normally aged 60 years or older , or over 50 years with at least two of the following conditions : hypertension history , serum creatinine > 1.5 mg/dl or cause of death from cerebrovascular accident . Of the 9319 living kidney donations reported in the American Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network ( OPTN ) / United Network for Organ Sharing ( UNOS ) database from July 2004 to December 2005 , 368 ( 4.0 % ) donors were over the age of 60 ( of which 86 -LSB- 0.9 % -RSB- were over the age of 65 ) , 956 ( 10.3 % ) had hypertension , 2785 ( 29.9 % ) had an eGFR < 80 mL/min per 1.73 m2 ( of which 392 -LSB- 4.2 % -RSB- had an eGFR < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m2 ) and 1194 ( 12.8 % ) had a BMI > 30 kg/m2 ( of which 250 -LSB- 2.7 % -RSB- had a BMI > 35 kg/m2 ) The concept of ECD was raised to address the discrepancy between demand and supply in kidney transplantation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e77bc134d5bd32424f9024f7c2db267", "text": "Economic credentialing Economic credentialing is a term of disapproval used by the American Medical Association ( AMA ) . The association defines the term as `` the use of economic criteria unrelated to quality of care or professional competence in determining a physician 's qualifications for initial or continuing hospital medical staff membership or privileges . '' Traditionally , physicians applied for hospital staff membership based on education , medical licensure and a record of quality care . Privileges are requests to perform certain procedures or use certain skills based on training and experience . For example , an obstetrician and a family practitioner might request privileges for both routine deliveries and caesarean sections . Typically an obstetrician could demonstrate enough experience and be granted those privileges . The FP might obtain both procedures or be restricted to routine deliveries only , or none at all , based on hospital policy . As medical costs have increased and reimbursement has declined or been stagnant , both hospitals and physicians have come under increasing financial pressure . One response by physicians has been the formation of specialty hospitals or diagnostic centers with physician ownership . Some hospitals have seen this as a threat to their economic interests and have denied or revoked membership and privileges of the physician owners .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20a393f8bb44e001c22e098c5186fa63", "text": "Psycho-oncology Psycho-oncology is a field of interdisciplinary study and practice at the intersection of lifestyle , psychology and oncology . It is concerned with aspects of cancer that go beyond medical treatment and include lifestyle , psychological and social aspects of cancer . Sometimes it is also referred to as psychosocial oncology or behavioral oncology because it deals with psychosocial and behavioral topics . The field is concerned both with the effects of cancer on a person 's psychological health as well as the social and behavioral factors that may affect the disease process of cancer and/or the remission of it . This is where the effects of : Chemobrain or post-chemotherapy cognitive impairment `` PCCI '' would be addressed . Radiation induced cognitive decline issues . Placebo effect and the nocebo effect will be studied . Self care issues are studied . Transition to survivorship phase of cancer journey ( See : Cancer survivor ) Psycho-oncology , as a subspeciality , addresses the two major psychological dimensions of cancer : the psychological responses of patients to cancer at all stages of the disease and that of their families and caretakers ( called oncopsychology ) ; and the psychological , behavioral and social factors that may influence the disease process ( called psychosocial-oncology ) . Psycho-oncology is an area of multi-disciplinary interest and has boundaries with the major specialities in oncology : the clinical disciplines ( surgery , medicine , pediatrics , radiotherapy ) , epidemiology , immunology , endocrinology , biology , pathology , bioethics , palliative care , rehabilitation medicine , clinical trials research and decision making , as well as psychiatry and psychology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49e23ff68546cf893fd31b273a3b5a16", "text": "Patient Self-Determination Act The Patient Self-Determination Act ( PSDA ) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 . Effective on December 1 , 1991 , this legislation required many hospitals , nursing homes , home health agencies , hospice providers , health maintenance organizations ( HMOs ) , and other health care institutions to provide information about advance health care directives to adult patients upon their admission to the healthcare facility . This law does not apply to individual physicians . Because the 1991 PSDA does not apply to individual physicians , private clinics and practices , most of which are incorporated for-profit organizations , the problem of cruel over treatment for profit of the elderly on Medicare/Medicaid was not controlled to the extent that Congress hoped would be possible when the states would implement the goals of the 1991 PSDA in state laws . ( Recently , in 2012 , the newspapers have revealed that The United States Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Justice have cooperated to prosecute over treatment of patients under the federal False Claims Act . ) The goals of the 1991 PSDA are covered in the PURPOSE section , below . Section 1233 of the proposed America 's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009 ( H.R. 3200 ) would have authorized reimbursements for physician counseling regarding advance directives ( once every five years ) but it was not included in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 because of controversy over what were characterized as `` death panels . '' Unfortunately , because the law of the 1991 PSDA does not require or mandate the treating physicians -- after an educated `` terminal '' prognosis that is shared with the patient -- to seek informed consent from elderly and terminal Medicare/Medicaid patients for either Curative Care under Medicare or palliative care , transition to Hospice in the last six months of life ( also paid or out of the Medicare purse ) , the goals of the PSDA are not realized . Patient self rationing of expensive medical care at the end of life through the process of the advance directive under the provisions of the 1991 PSDA is discouraged because the patients have not had end-of-life conversations with the treating physicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82a0f2219ca04b562b2e19adfd1fdd68", "text": "Immunosuppressive drug Immunosuppressive drugs or immunosuppressive agents or antirejection medications are drugs that inhibit or prevent activity of the immune system . They are used in immunosuppressive therapy to : Prevent the rejection of transplanted organs and tissues ( e.g. , bone marrow , heart , kidney , liver ) Treat autoimmune diseases or diseases that are most likely of autoimmune origin ( e.g. , rheumatoid arthritis , multiple sclerosis , myasthenia gravis , psoriasis , vitiligo , systemic lupus erythematosus , sarcoidosis , focal segmental glomerulosclerosis , Crohn 's disease , Behcet 's Disease , pemphigus , and ulcerative colitis ) . Treat some other non-autoimmune inflammatory diseases ( e.g. , long term allergic asthma control ) , ankylosing spondylitis . A common side-effect of many immunosuppressive drugs is immunodeficiency , because the majority of them act non-selectively , resulting in increased susceptibility to infections and decreased cancer immunosurveillance . There are also other side-effects , such as hypertension , dyslipidemia , hyperglycemia , peptic ulcers , lipodystrophy , moon face , liver and kidney injury . The immunosuppressive drugs also interact with other medicines and affect their metabolism and action . Actual or suspected immunosuppressive agents can be evaluated in terms of their effects on lymphocyte subpopulations in tissues using immunohistochemistry . Immunosuppressive drugs can be classified into five groups : glucocorticoids cytostatics antibodies drugs acting on immunophilins other drugs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e3e70cd79cca7a09e0f9f8b0abf8ff52", "text": "Drug therapy problems Drug therapy problems ( DTPs ) ( or drug related problems , DRPs ) represent the categorization and definition of clinical problems related to the use of medications or `` drugs '' in the field of pharmaceutical care . In the course of clinical practice , DTPs are often identified , prevented , and/or resolved by pharmacists in the course of medication therapy management , as experts on the safety and efficacy of medications , but other healthcare professionals may also manage DTPs . A drug-therapy ( related ) problem can be defined as an event or circumstance involving drug treatment ( pharmacotherapy ) that interferes with the optimal provision of medical care . In 1990 , L.M. Strand and her colleagues ( based on the previous work of R.L Mikeal and D.C Brodie , published respectively in 1975 and 1980 ) classified the DTPs into eight different categories . According to these categories , pharmacists generated a list of the DTPs for each patient . As a result , pharmacists had a cleaner picture of the patient 's drug therapy and medical conditions . A second publication of R.J Cipolle with L.M Strand in 1998 , change the eight categories into seven , grouped in four Pharmacotherapy needs : indication , effectiveness , safety and adherence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ead859e145a4a2443eac01ac4c14889c", "text": "Evidence-based practice Evidence-based practice ( EBP ) is an interdisciplinary approach to clinical practice that has been gaining ground following its formal introduction in 1992 . It started in medicine as evidence-based medicine ( EBM ) and spread to other fields such as audiology , speech-language pathology , dentistry , nursing , child life specialty , psychology , social work , education , library and information science . EBP is traditionally defined in terms of a `` three legged stool '' integrating three basic principles : ( 1 ) the best available research evidence bearing on whether and why a treatment works , ( 2 ) clinical expertise ( clinical judgment and experience ) to rapidly identify each patient 's unique health state and diagnosis , their individual risks and benefits of potential interventions , and ( 3 ) client preferences and values Evidence-based behavioral practice ( EBBP ) `` entails making decisions about how to promote health or provide care by integrating the best available evidence with practitioner expertise and other resources , and with the characteristics , state , needs , values and preferences of those who will be affected . This is done in a manner that is compatible with the environmental and organizational context . Evidence is research findings derived from the systematic collection of data through observation and experiment and the formulation of questions and testing of hypotheses '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b1bbce653220912150d4d360b080f27", "text": "Pulmonary embolism Pulmonary embolism ( PE ) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream ( embolism ) . Symptoms of a PE may include shortness of breath , chest pain particularly upon breathing in , and coughing up blood . Symptoms of a blood clot in the leg may also be present such as a red , warm , swollen , and painful leg . Signs of a PE include low blood oxygen levels , rapid breathing , rapid heart rate , and sometimes a mild fever . Severe cases can lead to passing out , abnormally low blood pressure , and sudden death . PE usually results from a blood clot in the leg that travels to the lung . The risk of blood clots is increased by cancer , prolonged bed rest , smoking , stroke , certain genetic conditions , estrogen-based medication , pregnancy , obesity , and after some types of surgery . A small proportion of cases are due to the embolization of air , fat , or amniotic fluid . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in combination with test results . If the risk is low a blood test known as a D-dimer will rule out the condition . Otherwise a CT pulmonary angiography , lung ventilation/perfusion scan , or ultrasound of the legs may confirm the diagnosis . Together deep vein thrombosis and PE are known as venous thromboembolism ( VTE ) . Efforts to prevent PE include beginning to move as soon as possible after surgery , lower leg exercises during periods of sitting , and the use of blood thinners after some types of surgery . Treatment is typically with blood thinners such as heparin or warfarin . Often these are recommended for six months or longer . Severe cases may require thrombolysis using medication such as tissue plasminogen activator ( tPA ) , or may require surgery such as a pulmonary thrombectomy . If blood thinners are not appropriate , a vena cava filter may be used . Pulmonary emboli affect about 430,000 people each year in Europe . In the United States between 300,000 and 600,000 cases occur each year , which results in between 50,000 and 200,000 deaths . Rates are similar in males and females . They become more common as people get older .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ccbdbe6a759108d841864624ee69af8c", "text": "Polyclinics in England Polyclinics in England were intended to offer a greater range of services than were offered by current general practitioner ( GP ) practices and local health centres . In addition to traditional GP services they would offer extended urgent care , healthy living services , community mental health services and social care , whilst being more accessible and less medicalised than hospitals . A variety of models were proposed , ranging from networks of existing clinics to larger premises with several colocated general practitioner ( GP ) practices , more extensive facilities and additional services provided by allied healthcare professionals . The incoming health secretary in May 2010 Andrew Lansley put on hold all plans to increase numbers of polyclinics and to relocate GPs to them pending a review of policy under the new coalition government , after a review by management consultants McKinsey revealed `` NHS managers had vastly overestimated the ability of polysystems to handle the shift in care from hospitals and revolutionise GP care '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e0c898f2ad6628ba7a79389a920b70a3", "text": "Predictive medicine Predictive medicine is a field of medicine that entails predicting the probability of disease and instituting preventive measures in order to either prevent the disease altogether or significantly decrease its impact upon the patient ( such as by preventing mortality or limiting morbidity ) . While different prediction methodologies exist , such as genomics , proteomics , and cytomics , the most fundamental way to predict future disease is based on genetics . Although proteomics and cytomics allow for the early detection of disease , much of the time those detect biological markers that exist because a disease process has already started . However , comprehensive genetic testing ( such as through the use of DNA arrays or full genome sequencing ) allows for the estimation of disease risk years to decades before any disease even exists , or even whether a healthy fetus is at higher risk for developing a disease in adolescence or adulthood . Individuals who are more susceptible to disease in the future can be offered lifestyle advice or medication with the aim of preventing the predicted illness . Current genetic testing guidelines supported by the health care professionals discourage purely predictive genetic testing of minors until they are competent to understand the relevancy of genetic screening so as to allow them to participate in the decision about whether or not it is appropriate for them . Genetic screening of newborns and children in the field of predictive medicine is deemed appropriate if there is a compelling clinical reason to do so , such as the availability of prevention or treatment as a child that would prevent future disease .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc78bf06e1c38fd28329285b0f65cd73", "text": "Cancer prevention Cancer prevention is defined as active measures to decrease the risk of cancer . The vast majority of cancer cases are due to environmental risk factors , and many , but not all , of these environmental factors are controllable lifestyle choices . Greater than 30 % of cancer deaths could be prevented by avoiding risk factors including : tobacco , overweight / obesity , an insufficient diet , physical inactivity , alcohol , sexually transmitted infections , and air pollution . Not all environmental causes are controllable , such as naturally occurring background radiation , and other cases of cancer are caused through hereditary genetic disorders , and thus it is not possible to prevent all cases of cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e090c35a7e6aa16b41b8d89b09f9063d", "text": "Electrodiagnostic medicine Electrodiagnosis ( EDX ) is a method of medical diagnosis that obtains information about diseases by passively recording the electrical activity of body parts ( that is , their natural electrophysiology ) or by measuring their response to external electrical stimuli ( evoked potentials ) . The most widely used methods of recording spontaneous electrical activity are various forms of electrodiagnostic testing ( electrography ) such as electrocardiography ( ECG ) , electroencephalography ( EEG ) , and electromyography ( EMG ) . Electrodiagnostic medicine ( also EDX ) is a medical subspecialty of neurology , clinical neurophysiology , cardiology , and physical medicine and rehabilitation . Electrodiagnostic physicians apply electrophysiologic techniques , including needle electromyography and nerve conduction studies to diagnose , evaluate , and treat people with impairments of the neurologic , neuromuscular , and/or muscular systems . The provision of a quality electrodiagnostic medical evaluation requires extensive scientific knowledge that includes anatomy and physiology of the peripheral nerves and muscles , the physics and biology of the electrical signals generated by muscle and nerve , the instrumentation used to process these signals , and techniques for clinical evaluation of diseases of the peripheral nerves and sensory pathways", "title": "" } ]
fever
5109e9cc074f060e78421e3a63627caa
The Chainsmokers are Grammy Award winners.
[ { "docid": "02708d5259c774365bca0c0dbc01b71f", "text": "The Chainsmokers The Chainsmokers are an American DJ/producer duo consisting of Andrew Taggart and Alex Pall . The EDM-pop duo achieved a breakthrough with their 2014 song '' #Selfie '' , which was a top twenty single in several countries . Their debut EP , Bouquet was released in October 2015 and featured the single `` Roses '' , which reached the top 10 on the US Billboard Hot 100 . `` Do n't Let Me Down '' became their first top 5 single there and won the Grammy Award for Best Dance Recording at the 59th awards ceremony , while `` Closer '' became their first number-one single on the chart . They have also won an American Music Award and five iHeartRadio Music Awards . The duo 's second EP Collage was released in November 2016 , consisting of several previously released singles . Their debut studio album Memories ... Do Not Open was released in April 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9935788f9b46fe56cfeedc926db246ce", "text": "The Miracles discography The Miracles were the Motown Record Corporation 's first group and its first million-selling recording artists . During their nineteen-year run on the American music charts , The Miracles charted over fifty hits and recorded in the genres of doo wop , soul , disco , and R&B . Twenty-six Miracles songs reached the Top Ten of the Billboard R&B singles chart , including four R&B number ones . Sixteen of the Miracles ' songs charted within the Top 20 of the Billboard Hot 100 , with seven of those songs reaching the Top Ten and two -- 1970 's `` The Tears of a Clown '' and 1975 's `` Love Machine '' ( Part 1 ) -- reaching number-one . A third song , the million-selling `` Shop Around '' reached # 1 on the Cash Box magazine Pop chart . The Miracles also scored 11 U.S. R&B Top 10 Albums , including 2 - # 1 's . According to several websites , the Miracles are one of the most oft-covered groups in recorded history and the most covered Motown group ever . Their music and songs have influenced artists all over the world -- in every major musical genre -- over the last 50 years . They also have the distinction of having more songs inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame than any other Motown group . ( Original lineup : Claudette Rogers Robinson , Bobby Rogers , Ronnie White , Smokey Robinson , Marv Tarplin , Pete Moore ) . All releases were on Motown Records ' Tamla subsidiary label unless otherwise indicated . In the 1960s , Motown Record Corporation , like many independent labels , did not register sales figures through the RIAA , the organization that certifies and awards Gold Records . So it is difficult to determine the full number of Miracles songs and recordings that sold a million or more records . Also , with the passing of decades of time , some songs that did not sell a million records on their initial release may have indeed done so over the years . However , several reference works , such as the books Hits Of The Sixties : The Million Sellers by Demitri Coryton & Joseph Murrells , as well as The Book Of Golden Discs - by Joseph Murrells - point out that the Miracles had several million - selling records during their career , including the following : Shop Around ( 1961 ) , You 've Really Got a Hold on Me ( 1962 ) , Mickey 's Monkey ( 1963 ) , The Tracks Of My Tears ( 1965 ) , Going To A Go-Go , ( single and album ) ( 1965 ) , I Second That Emotion ( 1967 ) , Baby Baby Do n't Cry ( 1969 ) , The Tears of a Clown * ( 1970 ) , Do It Baby ( 1974 ) , Love Machine * ( 1975 ) , and the Platinum album City Of Angels ( 1975 ) . This is quite probably an incomplete list , since Miracle Pete Moore states on his corporate website , that The Miracles actually had 12 Gold Records to their credit by 1967 , including 1965 's Ooo Baby Baby . multi-million sellers . Note : The Miracles ' 2006 DVD release The Definitive Performances ( 1963 -- 1987 ) was also certified Gold by the R.I.A.A.", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4", "text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6fb0706e9e12ac0760eaa97f22c2a852", "text": "American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R & B Female Artist has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year during which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward , when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Rihanna with 6 wins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2c2d65961547660d3fc61fedb403350", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Nickelback Nickelback is a Canadian rock band formed in Hanna , Alberta by Chad Kroeger , Mike Kroeger , Ryan Peake , and then-drummer Brandon Kroeger ( who has since been replaced by Daniel Adair ) . The band has released eight studio albums : Curb ( 1996 ) , The State ( 2000 ) , Silver Side Up ( 2001 ) , The Long Road ( 2003 ) , All the Right Reasons ( 2005 ) , Dark Horse ( 2008 ) , Here and Now ( 2011 ) and No Fixed Address ( 2014 ) . Along with this , Nickelback also published two other albums which were a collection of their most well-known songs so far : Three-Sided Coin ( 2002 ) and The Best of Nickelback Volume 1 ( 2013 ) . `` How You Remind Me '' , the first single from the band 's third album Silver Side Up , is Nickelback 's highest charting single ; it peaked at # 1 on Billboard '' 's Hot 100 , Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks , Hot Modern Rock Tracks , and Canadian Hot 100 music charts . The band 's fifth studio album , All the Right Reasons '' , has been their highest-selling album , with over 11 million copies sold worldwide as of late 2007 . Nickelback has been recognized by several Canadian awards ceremonies ; the band has received twelve awards from twenty-eight nominations at the Juno Awards and seven awards from fifteen nominations at the MuchMusic Video Awards . Nickelback has also received two awards from six nominations at the American Music Awards and three awards from five nominations at the Billboard Music Awards . The band has received six nominations from the Grammy Awards but has not won any of them . In 2006 , Nickelback receive an award at the World Music Awards for World 's Best Selling Rock Artist , beating some well-known artists like Green Day , Red Hot Chili Peppers and Coldplay . The group was inducted into Canada 's Walk of Fame in 2007 . In the same year received an award for People 's Choice Awards for the category Favorite Group . Overall , Nickelback has received 32 awards from 78 nominations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e5e02d70d2216c10220aac0ca6a690c", "text": "Bad (album) Bad is the seventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Michael Jackson , released on August 31 , 1987 in the United States by Epic Records and internationally by CBS Records . It was released nearly five years after Jackson 's previous solo studio album , Thriller ( 1982 ) . Bad was recorded during the first half of 1987 . The lyrical themes include media bias , paranoia , racial profiling , romance , self-improvement and world peace . The album cemented Jackson 's status as one of the most successful artists of the 1980s . Bad saw Jackson exercise even more artistic freedom than he did with his two previous Epic releases ( Off the Wall and Thriller ) ; Jackson composed nine of the album 's eleven tracks , and received co-producer credit for the entire album . Nine of the eleven songs on Bad were released as singles ; one was a promotional single , and another was released outside of the United States and Canada . Five of the singles hit No. 1 in the United States , while a sixth charted within the top ten , and a seventh charted within the top twenty on the Hot 100 . Bad peaked at No. 1 in thirteen countries and charted within the top twenty in other territories . The only songs on the album which were not released as a single were `` Speed Demon '' and `` Just Good Friends '' , the latter being the only song on the album to also not have a music video accompanying it . The album continued Jackson 's commercial success in the late 1980s , and garnered six Grammy Award nominations , winning two . Aside from commercial success , the album was well received by contemporary critics . The album produced a record five Billboard Hot 100 number one singles , the first of two albums to do so , the second being Katy Perry 's 2010 album Teenage Dream . Bad was ranked No. 43 in the 100 Greatest Albums of All Time of the MTV Generation in 2009 by VH1 and number 202 in Rolling Stone magazine 's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time . As of 2012 , Bad had reportedly sold between 30 and 45 million copies worldwide and has been cited as one of the 30 best-selling albums of all time . In 2017 , the album was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America , denoting sales of over ten million copies in the United States . The album marked the final collaboration between Jackson and producer Quincy Jones .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "faa462ae7d53962d499d3c0e79ed1ee5", "text": "Turtleneck & Chain Turtleneck & Chain is the second studio album of the American comedy troupe The Lonely Island , whose members are Andy Samberg , Akiva Schaffer , and Jorma Taccone . The album was released May 10 , 2011 , on Universal Republic Records . Turtleneck & Chain was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album . Many of the songs on the album debuted on Saturday Night Live as SNL Digital Shorts ( `` I Just Had Sex '' , `` Jack Sparrow '' , `` Shy Ronnie 2 : Ronnie & Clyde '' , `` Motherlover '' , `` The Creep '' , `` Threw It on the Ground '' , `` Reba ( Two Worlds Collide ) '' , and `` Great Day '' ) . `` We 're Back '' premiered on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon . The CD version of the album also includes a DVD featuring some of the digital shorts . Collaborators on the album include Snoop Dogg , Akon , Rihanna , Justin Timberlake , Nicki Minaj , Michael Bolton , Santigold , John Waters , and Beck .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2872269620d377fd7630822d4c9e53fb", "text": "Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album The Latin Grammy Award for Best Pop/Rock Album is an honor presented annually at the Latin Grammy Awards , a ceremony that recognizes excellence and creates a wider awareness of cultural diversity and contributions of Latin recording artists in the United States and internationally . It is one of the new categories added for the Latin Grammy Awards of 2012 In 2014 , Somos by Jarabe de Palo was the first album to be nominated for this award and for Album of the Year . In 2016 , Algo Sucede by Julieta Venegas was nominated for this award and for Album of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2005e4f41d517de043d4cfbd3d918664", "text": "Michael McDonald (musician) Michael McDonald ( born February 12 , 1952 ) is an American singer , songwriter , keyboardist and record producer . McDonald 's music career spans more than forty years . His early career included singing with Steely Dan . He joined The Doobie Brothers in 1976 and remained an integral member until 1982 , after which he released the first of eight solo albums . During his career , he has collaborated with a number of other artists , including Kenny Loggins , David Cassidy , Van Halen , Patti LaBelle , The Winans , Aretha Franklin , Toto , Grizzly Bear , and Thundercat . He has also recorded for television and film soundtracks . During his career , McDonald has won five Grammy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "262e8a7631adb1adffea1135856f7c24", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Depeche Mode Depeche Mode has received five Grammy nominations . The band 's first Grammy nomination occurred when Devotional was nominated for Grammy Award for Best Long Form Music Video in 1995 . Depeche Mode has also received Grammy nominations for Best Dance Recording for `` I Feel Loved '' , `` Suffer Well '' and `` Wrong '' . On 2 November 2006 , Depeche Mode received the MTV Europe Music Award in the Best Group category , the band won the first-ever Q Magazine `` Innovation Award '' on 22 October 2002 . `` Enjoy the Silence '' won ` Best British single ' at the 1991 Brit Awards . The band was ranked No. 144 on Acclaimed Music 's list of The Top 1000 Artists of All Time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f", "text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063", "text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c65a68f5f7810ed2439258abb4f0df53", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal The Grammy Award for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal was awarded from 1970 to 2011 . The award has had several minor name changes : In 1970 the award was known as Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group From 1971 to 1981 it was awarded as Best Country Vocal Performance by a Duo or Group From 1982 to the present it has been awarded as Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal The award was discontinued after the 2011 Grammy Awards in a major overhaul of Grammy categories . From 2012 , all duo or group performances in the country category were shifted to the newly formed Best Country Duo/Group Performance category . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c01276185246f261980f83d0875cb36", "text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories . The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21eb404728d515ae8a64bcfacba31ea8", "text": "35th GMA Dove Awards The 35th Annual GMA Music Awards ( the show had a name change in 2004-05 ) were held on April 28 , 2004 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 2003 . The show was held at the Municipal Auditorium in Nashville , Tennessee , and was hosted by Deion Sanders and Yolanda Adams . Nominations were announced months earlier by Steven Curtis Chapman and Toby McKeehan . The event was transmitted live to theaters in 50 cities as part of Regal Entertainment Group `` One Night Only '' event . The livecast was shown at Regal Cinemas , United Artists Theatres , and Edwards Theatres . There was no delayed television broadcast , as part of a controversial move by broadcast rights holder United Paramount Network , scorned by Sanders for leaving CBS ' The NFL Today ( UPN owned CBS ) in favour of Disney 's NFL Countdown in the weeks between the awards ceremony and broadcast date , cancelled the television broadcast . This move was similar to a 1989 incident on CBS ' 60 Minutes when a story on Richard Petty intending to air on the show in the weeks before the Daytona 500 was cancelled following reporter Diane Sawyer 's defection to ABC . ( That story was later edited and rewritten with Harry Reasoner the following season . ) The ceremony was eventually broadcast in December 2004 on Pax ( now Ion Television ) . MercyMe won Artist of the Year , plus two other awards , while Jeremy Camp was awarded New Artist of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "401bc59b733bbee352664c78286ef337", "text": "Tim & Bob Tim & Bob ( Tim Kelley and Bob Robinson ) , also known as Funktwons , are Grammy Award-winning songwriting musicians and a Hip-hop/R & B production duo . Tim & Bob have discovered and or worked on some of the biggest artists in the music industry and has helped develop the Atlanta music scene as it is widely known for today . They have won three Grammy Awards amongst twelve nominations and have sold more than 300 million albums worldwide making them one of the most successful producer duos in music history . They are among the most consistent urban producers in the last 18 years , earning a spot on Billboard 's top ten list of producers almost every year since 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5034a6f9e7bc9dde828eed076e222bb", "text": "Marilyn Manson discography American industrial metal band Marilyn Manson has released nine studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two EPs , twenty-four singles , nine promo singles , five DVDs , and thirty-four music videos . After forming in 1989 and signing a contract with Nothing Records and Interscope in 1993 , the band released their first studio album , Portrait of an American Family ( 1994 ) . Although initially not a commercial success , the album would eventually be certified gold by the RIAA for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies . Spurred by their hit single -- a version of the Eurythmics 's `` Sweet Dreams ( Are Made of This ) '' -- the band 's first EP , Smells Like Children ( 1995 ) , became a commercial success , selling over a million copies in the US alone . In 1996 , the band released their second studio album , Antichrist Superstar , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and has sold over 1.9 million copies in the US . The album went on to sell over 7 million copies worldwide , and was supported by the release of 1997 's Remix & Repent EP . Their third studio album , Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) , was a commercial and critical success , reaching No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well topping the charts in as Australia and Canada . Mechanical Animals was later followed by their first live album , The Last Tour on Earth ( 1999 ) , which included the promotional single `` Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes '' . In 2000 , the band released Holy Wood ( In the Shadow of the Valley of Death ) , which managed to sell more than 9 million copies worldwide . Their fifth studio album , The Golden Age of Grotesque ( 2003 ) , was a modest commercial success in their native US , debuting at No. 1 with sales of 118,000 copies . As of November 2008 , the album has sold 526,000 copies in the US . In contrast , the album was , by far , Manson 's most successful internationally , peaking within the top five in most of the major European markets . Their sixth album , Eat Me , Drink Me , was released in 2007 and debuted at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 . The High End of Low ( 2009 ) , reached No. 4 on both the US and Canadian album charts , but was their last album released by Interscope . After signing a deal with Cooking Vinyl , the band released Born Villain in 2012 . Their ninth studio album , The Pale Emperor , was released on January 20 , 2015 , debuting at No. 8 in the US with their highest first week sales since Eat Me , Drink Me in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72b90efea620af4e5908c253b0b3bfa6", "text": "American Recordings (record label) American Recordings is a Los Angeles-based record label headed by record producer Rick Rubin . Formerly known as Def American Recordings , the label has been home to Slayer , the Black Crowes , ZZ Top , Danzig , Trouble , Tom Petty , Johnny Cash , The Mother Hips , and System of a Down , among others .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5", "text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f669325724be44c2b661a6cd2c1fca07", "text": "Juno Awards of 2006 The Juno Awards of 2006 were held in Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada on the weekend of 31 March to 2 April 2006 . These ceremonies honour music industry achievements in Canada during the previous year . The primary ceremonies were hosted by Pamela Anderson at the Halifax Metro Centre on 2 April and televised on CTV . Buck 65 was the ceremony 's introduction and preview announcer . Music artists Bedouin Soundclash , Broken Social Scene , Divine Brown , Hedley , Massari and Nickelback performed songs at these ceremonies . Also performing were the co-winners for the 2006 International Album of the Year , The Black Eyed Peas and Coldplay . Bryan Adams was the 2006 inductee into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame . Chris Martin of Coldplay introduced Adams at the primary ceremony . Michael Bublé won four awards , more than any other individual that year . Besides winning Artist of the Year , his album It 's Time won in both the Album of the Year and Pop Album of the Year categories . His song `` Home '' from that album was declared Single of the Year . Awards for most categories were presented on 1 April in a non-televised ceremony at the Halifax World Trade and Convention Centre hosted by Jully Black , with performances by Kardinal Offishall , The Road Hammers and Martha Wainwright . This Saturday gala included the presentation of the Junos ' first Humanitarian award to Bruce Cockburn . The Walt Grealis Special Achievement Award was given to True North Records founder Bernie Finkelstein .", "title": "" } ]
fever
a95b698bae0510f6cdea7d6628e35630
This Sporting Life was directed by Mike Leigh.
[ { "docid": "a50e048669936b8b94a821dbc2483b77", "text": "This Sporting Life This Sporting Life is a 1963 British feature film based on the 1960 novel of the same name by David Storey , which won the 1960 Macmillan Fiction Award . It recounts the story of a rugby league footballer , Frank Machin , in Wakefield , a mining area of Yorkshire , whose romantic life is not as successful as his sporting life . Storey , a former professional rugby league footballer , also wrote the screenplay . The film stars Richard Harris , Rachel Roberts , William Hartnell and Alan Badel . It was directed by Lindsay Anderson . The film was Richard Harris 's first starring role , and won him a Best Actor Award at the 1963 Cannes Film Festival . He was also nominated for an Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role . Rachel Roberts won her second BAFTA award for This Sporting Life and an Oscar nomination for best actress . Harris was nominated for the BAFTA that year as well . The film opened at the Odeon Leicester Square in London 's West End on 7 February 1963 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e2ce9062a4c9b0b78409c391f91c8cc5", "text": "History of American football The history of American football can be traced to early versions of rugby football and association football . Both games have their origin in varieties of football played in Britain in the mid-19th century , in which a football is kicked at a goal or kicked over a line , which in turn were based on the varieties of English public school football games . American football resulted from several major divergences from association football and rugby football , most notably the rule changes instituted by Walter Camp , a Yale University and Hopkins School graduate who is considered to be the `` Father of American Football '' . Among these important changes were the introduction of the line of scrimmage , of down-and-distance rules and of the legalization of interference . In the late 19th and early 20th centuries , gameplay developments by college coaches such as Eddie Cochems , Amos Alonzo Stagg , Parke H. Davis , Knute Rockne , and Glenn `` Pop '' Warner helped take advantage of the newly introduced forward pass . The popularity of college football grew as it became the dominant version of the sport in the United States for the first half of the 20th century . Bowl games , a college football tradition , attracted a national audience for college teams . Boosted by fierce rivalries and colorful traditions , college football still holds widespread appeal in the United States . The origin of professional football can be traced back to 1892 , with William `` Pudge '' Heffelfinger 's $ 500 contract to play in a game for the Allegheny Athletic Association against the Pittsburgh Athletic Club . In 1920 the American Professional Football Association was formed . This league changed its name to the National Football League ( NFL ) two years later , and eventually became the major league of American football . Primarily a sport of Midwestern industrial towns in the United States , professional football eventually became a national phenomenon . The modern era of American football can be considered to have begun after the 1932 NFL Playoff game , which was the first American football game to feature hash marks , the legalization of the forward pass anywhere behind the line of scrimmage , the first indoor game since 1902 , and the movement of the goal posts back to goal line . Other innovations to occur immediately after 1932 , were the introduction of the AP Poll in 1934 , the tapering of the ends of the football in 1934 , the awarding of the first Heisman Trophy in 1935 , the first NFL draft in 1936 and the first televised game in 1939 . Another important event was the American football game at the 1932 Summer Olympics , which combined with a similar demonstration game at 1933 World 's Fair , led to the first College All-Star Game in 1934 , which in turn was an important factor in the growth of professional football in the United States . American football 's explosion in popularity during the second half of the 20th century can be traced to the 1958 NFL Championship Game , a contest that has been dubbed the `` Greatest Game Ever Played '' . A rival league to the NFL , the American Football League ( AFL ) , began play in 1960 ; the pressure it put on the senior league led to a merger between the two leagues and the creation of the Super Bowl , which has become the most watched television event in the United States on an annual basis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5bf50462b5bc33bab1ac87a35d0ea63a", "text": "Tyson (2008 film) Tyson is a 2008 documentary film about the life of former undisputed heavyweight world champion boxer Mike Tyson . It was directed by American filmmaker James Toback and produced by Nicholas Jarecki , Bob Yari , and NBA player Carmelo Anthony . The film was publicly screened for the first time at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival and won the Regard Knockout Award at the Un Certain Regard event . Tyson was released on April 24 , 2009 , distributed by Sony Classics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ee1365e5f0e81bc64306253c3c5e7c4", "text": "Mike Ditka Michael Keller Ditka ( born Michael Dyczko ; October 18 , 1939 ) is a former American football player , coach , and television commentator . A member of both the College Football and Pro Football Hall of Fame , he was the 1961 UPI NFL Rookie of Year , a five-time Pro Bowl selection and five-time All-Pro tight end with the Chicago Bears , Philadelphia Eagles , and Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League ( NFL ) . He was an NFL champion with the 1963 Bears , and is a three-time Super Bowl champion , playing on the Cowboys Super Bowl VI team as well as winning as an assistant coach for the Cowboys in Super Bowl XII , and coaching the Bears to victory in Super Bowl XX . He was named to both the NFL 's 50th and 75th Anniversary All-Time Team . As a coach for the Bears for 11 years he was twice both the AP and UPI NFL Coach of Year ( 1985 and 1988 ) . He also coached the New Orleans Saints for three years . Ditka and Tom Flores are the only people to win an NFL title as a player , an assistant coach , and a head coach . Ditka , Flores and Gary Kubiak are also the only people in modern NFL history to win a championship as head coach of a team he played for previously . Ditka is the only person to participate in both of the last two Chicago Bears ' league championships , as a player in 1963 and as head coach in 1985 . He is known by the nickname `` Iron Mike , '' which he has said comes from his being born and raised in a steel town in Pennsylvania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad224d98ea13733da4f04d6e80bbc94", "text": "Jayhawkers (film) Jayhawkers is an American sports drama/biographical film directed by Kevin Willmott , following the life of Wilt Chamberlain , Phog Allen , and the 1956 Kansas Jayhawks basketball team .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3850a8f6081979380a2e8d3633a77f3c", "text": "Barbara Leigh-Hunt Barbara Leigh-Hunt ( born 14 December 1935 in Bath , Somerset ) is a British actress who has appeared on stage , film , television and radio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90bd0462c1c496962a546cb8dcfd53b9", "text": "A Season of Giants A Season of Giants ( La primavera di Michelangelo , also known as Michelangelo : The Last Giant ) is a 1990 American-Italian biographical drama television film directed by Jerry London . Based on the Vincenzo Labella 's book Una stagione di giganti , it depicts real life events of Michelangelo , his youth , his approach with art , his friendship with Leonardo and Raphael and his involvement in great political and religious events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74a57b1665ba8eecdf9a902a0ed094d2", "text": "Independent Television Floodlit Trophy The Independent Television Floodlit Trophy or the Independent Television Floodlit Competition was a rugby league competition initiated and sponsored by ITV/ATV . The competition was on a knock-out basis , between eight clubs , matches being played under floodlights on various London football grounds , and the second half of each game being shown live in the London Area only on Associated-Rediffusion 's `` Cavalcade of Sport '' programme , which was aired between 8:30 and 9:30 PM . The idea of playing sport under floodlights was still something of a novelty for most sports , and rugby league was no exception . The second half of the matches were shown live in the London Area only and no one in the heartlands could watch . That competition only ran for this one season . The tournament was won by Warrington , who defeated Leigh 43-18 at Loftus Road with Harry Bath , the second row forward , being the hero scoring 22 points from 2 tries and 8 goals . Each of the participating clubs received a payment # 400 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2dd5979c93d4a4c9079fe12d77d842c", "text": "The Games (film) The Games is a 1970 British sports drama film directed by Michael Winner . It is based on the Hugh Atkinson novel and adapted to the screen by Erich Segal . The plot concerned four marathon competitors at a fictitious Olympic Games in Rome , played by Michael Crawford , Ryan O'Neal , Charles Aznavour and Athol Compton . Elton John recorded one song ( ` From Denver To L.A. ' ) for the soundtrack . To simulate vast crowds of people , thousands of life-sized dummies were placed in the stadium 's seats .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb45ffb278896fe23ed35269117e0054", "text": "NFL Films NFL Films is a Mount Laurel , New Jersey-based company devoted to producing commercials , television programs , feature films , and documentaries on the National Football League , as well as other unrelated major events and awards shows . Founded as Blair Motion Pictures by Ed Sabol in 1962 , and run by his son Steve Sabol until his death , it is currently owned by the NFL and produces most of its videotaped content except its live game coverage , which is handled separately by the individual networks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3302f252f78c52edb19f379d6cb00056", "text": "Sporting Blood (1940 film) Sporting Blood is a 1940 American drama film , directed by S. Sylvan Simon for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It stars Robert Young , Maureen O'Sullivan , and Lewis Stone .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70547857d976e7a5dd6bbb5d028bfe09", "text": "The Damned United The Damned United is a 2009 British biographical sports drama film directed by Tom Hooper and adapted by Peter Morgan from David Peace 's bestselling novel The Damned Utd , a largely fictional book based on the author 's interpretation of Brian Clough 's ill-fated tenure as football manager of Leeds United in 1974 . It was produced by BBC Films and Left Bank Pictures with additional funding from Screen Yorkshire and Columbia Pictures . Sony Pictures Entertainment distributed the film . The film was originally proposed by Stephen Frears but he pulled out of the project in November 2007 . Hooper took his place and film was shot from May to July 2008 . The film marks the fifth collaboration between screenwriter Peter Morgan and actor Michael Sheen who plays Clough . The film was released in the United Kingdom on 27 March 2009 and in North America on 25 September . The film grossed $ 4.1 million worldwide against a $ 10 million production budget . The film received nominations for the British Independent Film Award for Best Supporting Actor , the ALFS Award for British Supporting Actor of the Year , the Satellite Award for Best Actor in a Motion Picture , Drama and Best Actor in a Supporting Role and the Writers ' Guild of Great Britain Award for Best Feature Film Screenplay .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3696bb502bfee7512acad8c67bee208d", "text": "Mike Ashley (businessman) Michael James Wallace `` Mike '' Ashley ( born 9 September 1964 ) is an English billionaire retail entrepreneur in the sporting goods market . He is also the owner of Newcastle United after paying around # 135 million to buy the club . Ranked 15th ( in Britain only ) in the 2012 version of Forbes magazine with estimated wealth of # 1.5 billion , Ashley was seen as an intensely private person , who never attended industry functions or gave interviews . Philip Beresford , who compiles the annual Sunday Times list , said neither he nor his staff have ever managed to contact Ashley , and in 2006 described him as `` easily Britain 's answer to the late Howard Hughes '' . Since Sports Direct International Plc went public , and his purchase of Newcastle United where he took to sitting in the stands with fans , Ashley took on a more public and accessible persona . However , after the departure of Kevin Keegan as manager and the club 's relegation , he has only made low key appearances when attending Newcastle matches . As of October 2014 , Ashley also owns an 8.92 % stake in Scottish football club Rangers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2dbe3edcde5c2bb3dc0fc4870b8bbe6d", "text": "Mike Tindall Michael James `` Mike '' Tindall , ( born 18 October 1978 ) is a former English rugby player who played outside centre for Bath Rugby and Gloucester Rugby , has captained the England team , and was a member of the 2003 World Cup-winning squad . He is married to Zara Phillips , the daughter of the Princess Royal and the eldest granddaughter of Queen Elizabeth II and Prince Philip , Duke of Edinburgh . He participated as a contestant in the 2015 series of Bear Grylls : Mission Survive and was the runner-up after the 12-day survival mission . He currently plays for the Gloucester Division 2 team , Minchinhampton RFC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e67aaa4f6a89fbf3fed7fbc1599522e9", "text": "The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy `` The Temptations of Jean-Claude Killy '' is an article published in the premiere issue of Scanlan 's Monthly in March 1970 , written by Hunter S. Thompson . The subject of the article is Jean-Claude Killy , the alpine skiing champion who , in the 1968 Winter Olympics , became the second alpine skier ever to win three gold medals in a single olympic games . By the time of the article Killy , then 26 , was retired from skiing and had embarked on the next phase of his career -- endorsements . Thompson 's article follows Killy around the United States during his marketing tour for the Chevrolet automotive company . As he attends automotive shows , holds press conferences , and makes appearances for television ( all in conjunction with fellow Chevrolet spokesman , O.J. Simpson ) Thompson chronicles the newly flush world of celebrity sports endorsements . Though endorsement by a sports figure was not an entirely new concept , the world-wide magnitude of Killy 's stardom made his Chevrolet contract something of a fascination for Thompson . The article 's focus on the relative depths of the new pitch-man status obtained by Killy so shortly after the incredible heights he had achieved develops through acerbic descriptions of the settings Killy finds himself in , the automotive executives that profit by him , and the fans and onlookers who make him such a valuable spokesman . Through it all , Killy 's focus on his own enormous profit is a source of worry to Thompson . The trend he sees developing is one of larger-than-life stars -- athletes of the highest physical standards who have achieved feats unimaginable by normal people -- demeaning themselves and their accomplishments by agreeing to shill for a few extra dollars . An enormous sports fan himself , Thompson is distraught by this turn of events and wonders that Killy was never quite sure `` why I was embarrassed for him in those scenes . '' Thompson compares Killy to F. Scott Fitzgerald 's Gatsby : although , unlike that character , Killy 's dollars are earned honestly , the author concludes while watching Killy 's selling of himself that `` nothing in his narrow , high-powered experience can allow him to understand how I can watch his act and say that it looks , to me , like a very hard dollar -- maybe the hardest . '' The article was later included in Thompson 's collection The Great Shark Hunt ( 1979 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d97384377f719792c3c7ad7355d9144e", "text": "Rugby league in Australia Rugby league football in Australia '' ' has been one of the country 's most popular sports since it started being played there in 1908 . It is the dominant winter football code in the states of New South Wales and Queensland as well as the Australian Capital Territory , which together comprise around half of the country 's population . In 2009 , it was the most watched sport on Australian television , with an aggregate audience of 128.5 million viewers . The elite club competition is the National Rugby League ( NRL ) , which features ten teams from New South Wales , three teams from Queensland , and one team each from Victoria , Australian Capital Territory and New Zealand . Australia has a rich history of rugby league , first taking up the sport in 1908 alongside people in Britain and New Zealand . The rule changes over the decades have been partly instigated in Australia as well . The country has been dominant over the other rugby league-playing nations for many years , but enjoys a strong rivalry with New Zealand . Commonly known as `` league '' or simply `` football '' , and sometimes referred to as `` the greatest game of all '' , it is traditionally seen as a `` working man 's sport '' with its roots in the working class communities of Northern England , compared to rugby union which has its roots in prestigious English public schools . The Australian Rugby League Commission , the sport 's governing body in Australia , is working on ways to expand rugby league 's popularity across political and social boundaries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d021f73389393270cc76f615b0041267", "text": "Bleak Moments Bleak Moments is a 1971 British film , the first film of Mike Leigh . It began as a 75-minute stage play in March 1970 at the Open Space Theatre . Leigh and Les Blair had formed their own company , Autumn Productions , and Leigh wanted to make a film of Bleak Moments . He was able to realise that desire when Albert Finney and Michael Medwin 's Memorial Films , which had recently made If ... . and was about to produce Gumshoe , `` delivered the main financial backing , as well as unused spare bits of film rolls . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8376001b974e4d99d7d14ea94fbdbe1a", "text": "Janet Leigh Janet Leigh ( born Jeanette Helen Morrison ; July 6 , 1927 -- October 3 , 2004 ) was an American actress , singer , dancer and author . She is best remembered for her performance in Psycho , for which she was awarded the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress and received an Academy Award nomination . She was the first wife of actor Tony Curtis and the mother of Kelly Curtis and Jamie Lee Curtis . Discovered by actress Norma Shearer , Leigh made her acting debut on radio in 1946 and secured a contract with MGM the following year . Early in her career , she appeared in popular films spanning a wide variety of genres , including Act of Violence ( 1948 ) , Little Women ( 1949 ) , Angels in the Outfield ( 1951 ) , Scaramouche ( 1952 ) , The Naked Spur ( 1953 ) and Living It Up ( 1954 ) . She played mostly dramatic roles during the latter half of the 1950s , in such films as Safari ( 1956 ) and Touch of Evil ( 1958 ) , but achieved her most lasting recognition as the doomed Marion Crane in Alfred Hitchcock 's Psycho ( 1960 ) . Her highly publicized marriage to Curtis ended in divorce in 1962 , and after starring in The Manchurian Candidate that same year , Leigh scaled back her career . Intermittently , she continued to appear in notable films , including Bye Bye Birdie ( 1963 ) , Harper ( 1966 ) and Night of the Lepus ( 1972 ) as well as two films with her daughter , Jamie Lee : The Fog ( 1980 ) and Halloween H20 : 20 Years Later ( 1998 ) . She also wrote four books between 1984 and 2002 , including two novels . Leigh died in 2004 at age 77 , following a year-long battle with vasculitis , an inflammation of the blood vessels . Among her survivors was her husband of 42 years , Robert Brandt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f056ca36a7c78aeaa85e0c7052aa6ab", "text": "Greg Leigh Gregory `` Greg '' Leigh ( born 30 December 1994 ) is an English professional footballer who plays as a left back for Bury . He has previously played for Crewe Alexandra whilst on loan from Manchester City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b27f037852dcfd92ab77f8833dab56e", "text": "Life (UK TV series) Life is a British nature documentary series created and produced by the BBC in association with The Open University . It was first broadcast as part of the BBC 's Darwin Season on BBC One and BBC HD from October to December 2009 . The series takes a global view of the specialised strategies and extreme behaviour that living things have developed in order to survive ; what Charles Darwin termed `` the struggle for existence '' . Four years in the making , the series was shot entirely in high definition . Life premiered on 12 October 2009 in the United Kingdom consisting of ten 50-minute episodes . The opening programme gives a general introduction to the series , a second look at plants , and the remainder are dedicated to some of the major animal groups . They aim to show common features that have contributed to the success of each group , and to document intimate and dramatic moments in the lives of selected species chosen for their charisma or their extraordinary behaviour . A ten-minute making-of feature Life on Location aired at the end of each episode , taking the total running time to 60 minutes . Life is produced by the BBC Natural History Unit and The Open University . It is distributed under licence by the BBC in over 50 other countries , including by the Discovery Channel in the United States and Skai TV in Greece . The original script was written and narrated by David Attenborough .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9933bc7d11348ed7679b624574b5f56e", "text": "Mike Bassett: England Manager Mike Bassett : England Manager is a 2001 satirical comedy film directed by Steve Barron , following the fortunes of the manager of Division One football ( English football 's second tier ) club Norwich City , Mike Bassett , who having led his side to the ` Mr Clutch Cup ' , is appointed England manager . It received mixed reviews . The film takes the form of a fly on the wall fictional documentary ( mockumentary ) following Bassett ( played by Ricky Tomlinson ) as he starts his international management career . Martin Bashir , well known as a journalist and presenter in real life , plays the interviewer and provides the voiceover , and the film features cameo appearances from Pelé and Ronaldo . The film satirises many targets , such as the mysterious figures who run the Football Association , the stereotypical view of an old-fashioned manager , and the tabloid press 's unfailing habit of building the England team up so they can knock them down hard . The World Cup being played is referred to in the film as ` World Cup XVII ' ; the 17th World Cup was the tournament played in 2002 . The film was followed by a television series , Mike Bassett : Manager in 2005 . And in 2014 , a second film , Mike Bassett : Interim Manager , attempted to get # 250,000 funding on the website Kickstarter . After the time limit for the funding expired , the campaign was cancelled , and there has since been no further news of this second film .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d3a4f567bdc1d7c39a37ca5c776bcc9e
Lee Min-ho first gained widespread fame in Korea and parts of Asia with his role in Boys Over Flowers.
[ { "docid": "6009d20851ff9c0c8f05234d36304f73", "text": "Lee Min-ho (actor, born 1987) Lee Min-ho ( , born June 22 , 1987 ) is a South Korean actor and singer . He first gained widespread fame in Korea and parts of Asia with his role as Gu Jun-pyo in Boys Over Flowers in 2009 . The role won him a Best New Actor award at the 45th Baeksang Arts Awards . He is noted for his leading roles in City Hunter ( 2011 ) , The Heirs ( 2013 ) and The Legend of the Blue Sea ( 2016 ) . The success of Lee 's television dramas throughout Asia established him as a top Hallyu star . Lee starred in his first leading role in film with Gangnam Blues ( 2015 ) , followed by his first China-produced film Bounty Hunters ( 2016 ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6d1915e2ab33eedcbd7183e856acec36", "text": "Flower Boy Ramen Shop Flower Boy Ramen Shop is a 2011 South Korean romantic comedy television series , starring Jung Il-woo , Lee Chung-ah , Lee Ki-woo , Park Min-woo and Cho Yoon-woo . It aired on cable channel tvN from October 31 to December 20 , 2011 , on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 23:00 for 16 episodes . This drama is about `` pretty boys '' who , with good looks and individuality , operate a ramyun shop with a lively college girl and experience the happenings of daily life . It was the first installment of tvN 's `` Oh ! Boy '' series of Flower Boy programming targeted at the teenage demographic , and was followed by Shut Up Flower Boy Band in 2012 and Flower Boys Next Door in 2013 . The series is also known as Flower Boy Ramyun Shop ( following the Korean pronunciation of `` ramen '' ) and the international title Cool Guys , Hot Ramen .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ebfb5c3f4db55bd8ba2fd010886169e", "text": "Showbiz Extra Showbiz Korea is a daily television entertainment news show that covers the South Korean entertainment industry broadcast in South Korea and throughout Asia on Arirang TV , which premiered on April 10 , 2002 . The show is produced in Korea , but broadcast in the English language . It 's also available on Viki with subtitles in multiple languages . The show features segments that include `` Showbiz Today '' about the latest issues facing the Korean entertainment industry ; `` K-Chitchat '' that features a panel of experts discussing the latest Korean entertainment issues ; `` Stars ' Big Match '' that highlights stars gaining worldwide fame ; `` Fashion 101 '' that explores fashion and beauty trends of Korean celebrities ' `` Issue Makers '' that spotlights stars in the news this week ; `` Film Digest '' that features the latest movie releases ; and `` On Scene '' that takes you on filming sets , press conferences and showcases .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84bdc49bddc17f2f58812158e0996de7", "text": "Dear Heaven Dear Heaven ( ; also known as Love in Heaven ) is a South Korean television series starring Yoon Jung-hee , Lee Tae-gon , Cho Yeon-woo , Lee Soo-kyung , and Wang Bit-na . It aired on SBS from September 10 , 2005 to July 2 , 2006 on Saturdays and Sundays at 20:45 for 85 episodes . According to AGB Nielsen Media Research , it was the 5th highest rated TV program in Korea for the year 2006 , with an average rating of 28.3 % , and a peak rating of 44.5 % . The popular soap opera invited both criticism and high ratings for its provocative plot . The story revolved around a middle-aged woman who introduces her handsome news anchor stepson to her abandoned daughter , who had led a miserable life because of a cruel stepmother . It triggered controversy when the woman was revealed as the girl 's biological mother . Viewers were divided on whether it was `` immoral '' and `` incestuous '' or a fresh take on relationship dramas , but director Lee Young-hee insisted that the show 's theme was `` deep maternal love , with a mother reclaiming her own daughter as a daughter-in-law in order to atone for having abandoned her as a baby . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "282729128ad783581c8c45935ddca151", "text": "Min-hee Min-hee is a Korean feminine given name . The meaning depends on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 27 hanja with the reading `` min '' and 25 hanja with the reading `` hee '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Suk Min-hee ( born 1968 ) , South Korean handball player Kim Min-hee ( actress , born 1972 ) , South Korean actress Jeon Min-hee ( born 1975 ) , South Korean fantasy writer Lee Min-hee ( born 1980 ) , South Korean handball player Kim Min-hee ( actress , born 1982 ) , South Korean actress Bae Min-hee ( born 1988 ) , South Korean handball player Joo Min-hee ( born 1993 ) , South Korean singer , member of Stellar ( South Korean band ) Lee Min-hee , South Korean singer , member of Bambino ( band )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "349c90d9e67eed9377a78c4aca917893", "text": "Lee Min-hyuk Lee Min-hyuk , ( ; born November 29 , 1990 ) , better known by the mononym Minhyuk , is a South Korean singer , rapper , songwriter and actor . He is a member of the South Korean boy group BtoB . He received multiple supporting roles in television series such as A New Leaf and Sweet , Savage Family .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28328de2aeb7ac17216bacfaaaf6c213", "text": "Lee Se-eun Lee Se-eun ( born August 31 , 1980 ) is a South Korean actress . Lee made her acting debut in 1999 , then began gaining popularity after starring in the horror film Bunshinsaba ( 2004 ) . She appears in both television and film , notably Coma ( 2005 ) , Love Needs a Miracle ( 2005 ) , Fly High ( 2007 ) , and The King of Legend ( 2010 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8b2fc855ba44cd8b4ce33557d784461", "text": "Thread of Lies Thread of Lies ( ; lit . Elegant Lies ) is a 2014 South Korean film based on the 2009 bestselling novel Elegant Lies by Kim Ryeo-ryeong . Directed by Lee Han , it starred Kim Hee-ae ( in her first film in 21 years ) , Go Ah-sung , Kim Hyang-gi and Kim Yoo-jung . Thread of Lies deals with the aftermath of a suicide by a 14-year-old girl . The nonlinear narrative follows her mother and older sister who set out to solve the mystery of her death , insinuating themselves into the life of the girl who bullied her .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27223573e395f20966e8b9c84660eb54", "text": "Yeon Min-ji Lee Min-ji ( born May 14 , 1984 ) , better known as stage name Yeon Min-ji , is a South Korean actress and singer . She is also active in Japanese entertainment under the mononym .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38bcdd2dc04e6ab6864a9151d4b0798c", "text": "Lee Isaac Chung Lee Isaac Chung ( born October 19 , 1978 ) is a Korean American film director and screenwriter . His debut feature Munyurangabo ( 2007 ) was an Official Selection at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival . The first narrative feature film in the Kinyarwanda language , the film was an Official Selection at the Cannes Film Festival , the Berlin Film Festival , the Toronto International Film Festival , the Busan International Film Festival . American critic Roger Ebert calls it `` in every frame a beautiful and powerful film -- a masterpiece . '' For the film , Chung was nominated for an Independent Spirit Award and the Breakthrough Director Award at the Gotham Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f16de3bf9c60f01cf4032124483fb8be", "text": "Kun-woo Kun-woo , also spelled Keon-woo or Gun-woo , is a Korean masculine given name . It was the sixth-most popular name for baby boys born in South Korea in 2008 , with 1,722 being given the name . The meaning differs based on the hanja used to write the name . There are 15 hanja with the reading `` kun '' and 42 hanja with the reading `` woo '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be used in given names . People with this name include : Kun-Woo Paik ( born 1946 ) , South Korean pianist Kim Kun-woo ( born 1980 ) , South Korean track and field athlete Park Gun-woo ( born 1981 ) , South Korean Olympic sailing team member Cho Gun-woo ( born 1988 ) , South Korean badminton player Lee Gun-woo ( born 1989 ) , member of South Korean band My Name Park Keon-woo ( born 1991 ) , South Korean track cyclist Fictional characters with this name include : Kang Gun-woo , in 2008 South Korean television series Beethoven Virus Min Gun-woo , in 2008 South Korean television series Temptation of Wife", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2856bee13c0911213a835783bba0c953", "text": "Lovers' Concerto (film) Lovers ' Concerto ( ; lit . `` Love Novel '' ) is a 2002 South Korean film directed by Lee Han . It is a romantic melodrama dealing with friendship , jealousy and the ties that bind .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "96bc10de6233f9102abe0fcb61c7f4f8", "text": "Lee Sun-hee (singer) Lee Sun-hee ( ; born December 14 , 1964 ) is a South Korean ballad singer who debuted in 1984 with the song `` To J '' . In her home country , she is widely regarded as the most successful and skilled vocalist in the country , earning her the nicknames '' 국민디바 '' ( `` National Diva '' ) and '' 여가왕 '' ( Queen of Female Vocalists ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b85be778fcc0f35341e97ee1ba85a34f", "text": "Bandhobi Bandhobi is a 2009 South Korean indie film about a frustrated and rebellious high school student who ends up becoming a friend of a migrant worker from Bangladesh who is desperate to receive his unpaid wages back . The title means `` female friend '' in Bengali . Lead actor Mahbub Alam is a longtime resident of South Korea who entered the country as a migrant worker . He has since appeared in small film roles and become involved in various activist projects , including the launch of the Migrant Worker Film Festival , for which he serves as festival director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4d4560f1ecd15c6786e22d3f88728b0", "text": "Mr.Mr. (song) `` Mr.Mr . '' is a Korean song recorded by South Korean girl group Girls ' Generation for their fourth Korean titular extended play ( 2014 ) . The song was released on February 25 , 2014 , as a single from the EP . The song was composed by American production team The Underdogs , who had previously worked with Western artists including Britney Spears , Beyoncé , and Justin Timberlake . A music video for the song was initially planned to be released on February 19 but was postponed to February 28 due to the accidental deletion of some of the original files . `` Mr.Mr . '' was described as an electropop and pop-R & B song that incorporates a hip hop beat and EDM-influenced buildups . The song received generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its musical styles , which were deemed a departure from the group 's signature bubblegum pop sound . The single ranked number 18 on Billboard magazine 's list of 20 Best K-pop Songs of 2014 and was included on Time '' 's list of 25 Best Songs of 2014 ( So Far ) in June 2014 . To promote the song and the EP , Girls ' Generation appeared on several music programs including M Countdown , Music Bank , Show ! Music Core , and Inkigayo around February and March 2014 . The single was a commercial success in the group 's native country South Korea , peaking atop the Gaon Digital Chart and selling over 900,000 digital units in 2014 . It also charted at number three on the Korea K-Pop Hot 100 and number four on the Billboard '' World Digital Songs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3aa991f238a226f9aa7d45a42f524434", "text": "Becoming a Billionaire Becoming a Billionaire ( ; lit . `` Birth of the Rich '' ) is a 2010 South Korean television series starring Ji Hyun-woo , Lee Bo-young , Lee Si-young and Namgung Min . It aired on KBS2 from March 1 to May 4 , 2010 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 20 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eab23616caa32eb250110cc6fbec4f90", "text": "Misaeng (TV series) Misaeng is a 2014 South Korean television series based on the webtoon series of the same title by Yoon Tae-ho . It aired on tvN from October 17 to December 20 , 2014 on Fridays and Saturdays at 20:30 for 20 episodes . The title translates to `` an incomplete life '' ( literally `` not yet '' `` birth '' , meaning `` not yet alive '' ) . Misaeng was the first Korean drama to film on location in Jordan , where actors Yim Si-wan and Lee Sung-min shot the series 's prologue in Amman , Petra , and Wadi Rum . Yim reprised his role as Misaeng 's protagonist , which he played in an earlier film adaptation , Incomplete Life : Prequel ( 2013 ) . Misaeng became a cultural phenomenon and recorded high viewership ratings for a cable network program in Korea called tvN . tvN is known for its record breaking dramas .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9344bc432bec720946bbd85817bfeb3b", "text": "Lee Hoon (actor) Lee Hoon ( born May 6 , 1973 ) is a South Korean actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3dd8b133a0cfa298908ebec7665b8dbc", "text": "Shingo Katori is a Japanese actor , singer , television host , radio personality , and the youngest member of SMAP , the best-selling boy band in Asia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16b9a80c2ba014ccce5e876fade424ac", "text": "Jun-young Jun-young , also spelled Joon-young , is a Korean masculine given name . It was the tenth-most popular name for baby boys in South Korea in 1980 , rising to sixth place by 1990 . Its meaning depends on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 34 hanja with the reading `` jun '' and 34 hanja with the reading `` young '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Kim Jun-young ( born 1951 ) , South Korean economist Lee Jun-young ( born 1982 ) , South Korean football forward Seo Jun-young ( born 1987 ) , South Korean actor Jung Joon-young ( born 1989 ) , South Korean rock singer Moon Jun-young ( born 1989 ) , South Korean singer with boy band ZE : A Yoo Joon-young ( born 1990 ) , South Korean football midfielder Lee Jun-young ( born 1997 ) , South Korean singer/dancer with boy band U-KISS", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62f3ec20bdcba0c629d94824b4cd8efb", "text": "Lee Hong-bin Lee Hong-bin ( , born September 29 , 1993 ) , is a South Korean singer and actor signed under Jellyfish Entertainment . Hongbin debuted as a member of the South Korean boy group VIXX in May 2012 , and began his acting career in 2014 in SBS 's romantic drama Glorious Day as Yoo Ji-ho . He has since had a leading role in KBS2 's fantasy action-romance Moorim School ( 2016 ) as Wang Chi-ang .", "title": "" } ]
fever
564f5a6a48101c9eccf3b576d8fe7ce3
Natalie Portman directed a 2015 drama film.
[ { "docid": "95813997c495d22eb3b38a082c35abab", "text": "Natalie Portman Natalie Portman ( born Neta-Lee Hershlag , נטע-לי הרשלג June 9 , 1981 ) is an actress with dual American and Israeli citizenship . Her first role was in the 1994 action thriller Léon : The Professional , opposite Jean Reno . She was later cast as Padmé Amidala in the Star Wars prequel trilogy ( released in 1999 , 2002 and 2005 ) . Born in Jerusalem to an Israeli father and American mother , Portman grew up in the eastern United States from the age of three . She studied dancing and acting in New York , and starred in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace while still at high school on Long Island . In 1999 , Portman enrolled at Harvard University to study psychology , alongside her work as an actress ; she completed a bachelor 's degree in 2003 . During her studies she starred in a second Star Wars film and opened in New York City 's The Public Theater production of Anton Chekhov 's The Seagull in 2001 . Portman won a Golden Globe and was nominated for an Academy Award for starring in the 2004 drama Closer , appeared in Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith the following year , and won a Constellation Award for Best Female Performance and the Saturn Award for Best Actress for her starring role in the political thriller V for Vendetta ( 2006 ) . She played leading roles in the historical dramas Goya 's Ghosts ( 2006 ) and The Other Boleyn Girl ( 2008 ) , and also appeared in Thor ( 2011 ) and its 2013 sequel . In 2010 , Portman starred in the psychological thriller film Black Swan . Her performance received widespread critical acclaim and she earned her first Academy Award for Best Actress , her second Golden Globe Award , the SAG Award , the BAFTA Award and the BFCA Award in 2011 . In 2016 , she portrayed First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy in the biographical drama Jackie . She was nominated for an Academy Award , a BAFTA Award , a Golden Globe Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award and won the BFCA for Best Actress . In May 2008 , Portman served as the youngest member of the 61st Annual Cannes Film Festival jury . The same year she directed a segment of the collective film New York , I Love You . Her first feature film as a director , A Tale of Love and Darkness , was released in 2015 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5d225a5c7c47d00e3647177af76ba0e1", "text": "The Woodsman (2016 film) The Woodsman is a 2016 suspense film directed and written by Paul Leach as his directorial debut , based on Little Red Riding Hood by Charles Perrault . The movie stars Christopher Wolfe as a police detective Alex Whiting who must save Millie Gilson played by Sonya Krueger from a mysterious cult order .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8cfac7692b76a6287b3295e1454d5aa6", "text": "Many Beautiful Things Many Beautiful Things is a 2015 documentary film written and directed by Laura Waters Hinson . It follows the story of 19th century female artist , Lilias Trotter , and her decision to leave her life in England for a life of missionary work in French Algeria . This film features Michelle Dockery and John Rhys-Davies with the original film score written and performed by Sleeping at Last . The film was produced by Oxvision Films and Image Bearer Pictures . It premiered at the Heartland Film Festival in Indianapolis , Indiana on October 17 , 2015 . It showed at the National Gallery of Art in Washington , D.C. on February 6 , 2016 as a part of its nationwide release tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e7441391498199ea31e3d6b7af5268bf", "text": "Rachel Portman Rachel Mary Berkeley Portman , OBE ( born 11 December 1960 ) is an English composer who is best known for scoring films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f68f67859e10a9e623fb0279d06c4298", "text": "You're My Boss You 're My Boss is a 2015 Filipino romantic comedy film written and directed by Antoinette Jadaone starring Toni Gonzaga and Coco Martin . It was released on April 4 , 2015 , by Star Cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e8052bb705e27b25d7f8fa7a4f426b0", "text": "The Neon Demon The Neon Demon is a 2016 psychological horror film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn , co-written by Mary Laws , Polly Stenham , and Refn , and starring Elle Fanning . The plot follows an aspiring model in Los Angeles whose beauty and youth generate intense fascination and jealousy within the industry . Supporting roles are played by Karl Glusman , Jena Malone , Bella Heathcote , Abbey Lee , Desmond Harrington , Christina Hendricks , and Keanu Reeves . An international co-production between France , Denmark , and the United States , the film competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival , the third consecutive film directed by Refn to do so , following Drive ( 2011 ) and Only God Forgives ( 2013 ) . In the United States , the film was released theatrically on 24 June 2016 by Amazon Studios and Broad Green Pictures . It opened to polarized reviews and was a box office failure , grossing a little over $ 3 million from a $ 7 million budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4935218b3c826160127e42a327554be", "text": "The Assistant (2015 film) The Assistant ( original title : La Volante ) is a 2015 drama-thriller film directed by Christophe Ali and Nicolas Bonilauri and starring Nathalie Baye and Malik Zidi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "abe906c9ea3dcfc40f57a972049224b5", "text": "Lamb (2015 American film) Lamb is an American drama film , written and directed by Ross Partridge . The film was adapted by the novel of the same name , by Bonnie Nadzam . The film stars Ross Partridge , Oona Laurence , Jess Weixler and Tom Bower . The film had its world premiere at the SXSW film festival on March 14 , 2015 . The film was released in a limited release on January 8 , 2016 , before being released through video on demand on January 12 , 2016 by The Orchard .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d3eed8de70346eb591a5d87930aec40", "text": "Deep in the Wood Deep in the Wood ( In fondo al bosco -LSB- iɱ ˈfondo al ˈbosko -RSB- ) is a 2015 thriller-drama film written and directed by Stefano Lodovichi and starring Filippo Nigro and Camilla Filippi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c83d52817cee10fc9beca13595b2372", "text": "Kingsman: The Golden Circle Kingsman : The Golden Circle is an upcoming 2017 British-American action spy comedy-drama film directed by Matthew Vaughn , and is the sequel to 2015 film Kingsman : The Secret Service . The series is based on the comic book The Secret Service , created by Dave Gibbons and Mark Millar . The film stars Colin Firth , Julianne Moore , Taron Egerton , Mark Strong , Halle Berry , Elton John , Channing Tatum and Jeff Bridges , and is scheduled to be released on 22 September 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9c9e1b84d49b47df9bdd7d8e6feb6173", "text": "Knucklehead (2015 film) Knucklehead is a 2015 American drama film directed by Ben Bowman . It premiered at the 2015 BAMCinématek New Voices in Black Cinema festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "073b0232d9651420827788f7357fa720", "text": "The Homesman The Homesman is a 2014 French-American historical period drama set in the 1850s Midwest , directed and co-produced by Tommy Lee Jones and co-written with Kieran Fitzgerald and Wesley Oliver , based on the 1988 novel of the same name by Glendon Swarthout . The film stars Jones and Hilary Swank and also features Meryl Streep , Hailee Steinfeld , John Lithgow , and James Spader . The film was selected to compete for the Palme d'Or in the main competition section at the 2014 Cannes Film Festival and received a North American limited release on November 14 , 2014 by Roadside Attractions . The Homesman has received mostly positive reviews from critics . Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a rating average of 7.1 / 10 . The title refers to the task of taking immigrants back home , which was typically a man 's job to carry out .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7475f1c1c3e14ca163f5e98378ca4a17", "text": "The Haters (2015 film) The Haters is an upcoming Armenian teen comedy-drama film directed by Annie Amirjanian and produced by Buddy Pictures . It will star Elmira Harutyunyan , Mary Stepanyan and Marianna Mkhchyan . The film is written by Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan . It is set to be released on August 1 , 2015 by Buddy Pictures . Annie Amirjanian and Elmira Harutyunyan are the co-authors of the project .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "790c4b94fe80485750b20eb11e8de25d", "text": "Les Anarchistes Les Anarchistes ( The Anarchists ) is a 2015 French drama film directed by Elie Wajeman and co-written with Gaëlle Macé . It was selected to open the International Critics ' Week section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e80478b90513c7f88ce5adb589fc4a01", "text": "I am Belfast I am Belfast is a 2015 documentary film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0eb4307d648799437a9168f8e7a68c8b", "text": "Somewhere Amazing Somewhere Amazing ( In un posto bellissimo ) is a 2015 Italian drama film written and directed by Giorgia Cecere and starring Isabella Ragonese and Alessio Boni .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ecb283a2c3efb8afb4981aa7998cd14", "text": "Lyle (film) Lyle is a 2014 American drama film written and directed by Stewart Thorndike . The film tells the dramatic story of a mother grieving over the death of her toddler . The film stars actress Gaby Hoffman in the lead role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "007233d1b91dd045d9dfc633112eb0e9", "text": "Portia on Trial Portia on Trial is a 1937 American film about a trial based on story of Faith Baldwin and directed by George Nicholls , Jr. . It has the distinction of being nominated to win the Oscar for Best Music in the 10th Academy Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f90f1f367d79fad23b9a526afcd83a22", "text": "Pan (2015 film) Pan is a 2015 British - American family adventure fantasy film directed by Joe Wright and written by Jason Fuchs . The film is a prequel story to Scottish author J. M. Barrie 's Peter Pan story , first staged in 1904 . It stars Hugh Jackman , Garrett Hedlund , Rooney Mara and Amanda Seyfried , with Levi Miller as the title character . It serves as an alternative origin story for Peter Pan and Captain Hook . The film had its world premiere in London , England on September 20 , 2015 , and was theatrically released in the United States on October 9 , 2015 , by Warner Bros. . Pictures . Pan grossed $ 128.4 million on a $ 150 million budget , making it a box office bomb . The film received negative reviews from critics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f4a44e7650addb14dd4a16dcba40684", "text": "The Cutting Room (film) The Cutting Room is a 2015 British found footage horror film written and directed by Warren Dudley . The film was released in June 2015 and the bulk of principal photography was shot in Newhaven Fort 's underground labyrinth of dark and winding brick tunnels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba186929e6828a958a1954e070a7651c", "text": "Stonewall (2015 film) Stonewall is a 2015 American drama film directed by Roland Emmerich and written by Jon Robin Baitz . The film stars Jeremy Irvine , Ron Perlman , Jonathan Rhys Meyers , Joey King , Caleb Landry Jones , Matt Craven , Atticus Mitchell , and Mark Camacho . The film was released on September 25 , 2015 , by Roadside Attractions . The drama is set in and around the 1969 Stonewall riots , the violent clash with police that kicked off the gay liberation movement in New York City .", "title": "" } ]
fever
44134a97a3efd9da5b82aff650342d76
Paul Newman and A.E. Hotchner founded a food company.
[ { "docid": "29b53ca5ba964987900a5a617b26e705", "text": "Paul Newman Paul Leonard Newman ( January 26 , 1925 -- September 26 , 2008 ) was an American actor , IndyCar driver , entrepreneur , and philanthropist . He won and was nominated for numerous awards , winning an Academy Award for his performance in the 1986 film The Color of Money , a BAFTA Award , a Screen Actors Guild Award , a Cannes Film Festival Award , an Emmy Award , and many others . Newman 's other films include The Hustler ( 1961 ) , Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid ( 1969 ) as Butch Cassidy , The Sting ( 1973 ) , and The Verdict ( 1982 ) . However , he is perhaps best remembered for his role as the title character in Cool Hand Luke ( 1967 ) . Despite being colorblind , Newman won several national championships as a driver in Sports Car Club of America road racing , and his race teams won several championships in open wheel IndyCar racing . He was a co-founder of Newman 's Own , a food company from which he donated all post-tax profits and royalties to charity . As of January 2017 , these donations have totaled over US$ 485 million . He was also a co-founder of Safe Water Network , a nonprofit that develops sustainable drinking water solutions for those in need . In 1988 , Newman founded the SeriousFun Children 's Network , a global family of summer camps and programs for children with serious illness which has served 290,076 children since its inception .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4535f7293b3b8981a86854bd07e0665", "text": "Newman's Own Newman 's Own is a food company founded by actor Paul Newman and author A.E. Hotchner in 1982 . The company gives 100 % of the after-tax profits from the sale of its products to Newman 's Own Foundation ( a private non-profit foundation ) which in turn , gives the money to various educational and charitable organizations . In 1982 Newman summarized his initial intentions regarding distribution of his company 's profits : `` My profits will be divided between a number of tax-deductible charities and causes , some church-related , others for conservation and ecology and things like that . ''", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5c76655dd78be9d653f7010cde5df3ef", "text": "Frank 'n Stuff Frank 'n Stuff was a hot dog stuffed with either cheese or chili and sold in the United States from mid-1986 until the 1990s by Hormel . Frank 'n Stuff used Hormel 's branded line of chili and was one the company 's six major product introductions between 1986 and 1987 . At the time , the company described the product as `` the fun food that features a tunnel of cheese or chili inside a Hormel hot dog '' . Frank 'n Stuff 's eponymous mascot was a friendly Frankenstein type of character and Hormel ran frequent television and print advertisements featuring him . In 1986 , during labor unrest at a production plant , razor blades were found in two packages of the product , but there was no recall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "17d9d7e1017c5432a0ab94dfe7ce4d95", "text": "La Costeña (food company) Conservas La Costeña , usually called La Costeña , is a Mexican brand dedicated to the canned products market . It was founded in 1923 by Vicente López Recines . The company has become an important brand inside and outside Mexico . Nowadays , La Costeña sells its products across Mexico and in 40 countries around the world . In spite of the fact that its products in the beginning were chilies , the company began producing new products such as beans , ketchup , vegetables and others . The production plants have been modified also , in addition there is the fact that the factories have won some recognitions for the changes in technology and process .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e0817909912b5ed0a894b6959154861", "text": "Chicken Delight Chicken Delight is a chain of restaurants offering eat in , take out , and delivery service with a menu featuring chicken , pizza and ribs . Based in Winnipeg , the chain mostly has outlets in that city and throughout Manitoba . Although as of 2017 six Chicken Delight restaurants are located in the New York metro area , none of these are included in the corporate web site list of franchise locations . The current operation is a relic of a much larger chain . Founded in Illinois in 1952 , the chain grew to over 1,000 locations in the 1960s . It was purchased by Consolidated Foods in 1964 . Its jingle `` Do n't cook tonight , call Chicken Delight '' , emphasizing their delivery service , was widely broadcast on American radio . By the late 1960s , however , Chicken Delight in the US was a troubled operation . While emerging chains like McDonald 's ensured that each and every outlet provided a product that met the franchisor 's most exacting standards , the quality-control of Chicken Delight outlets in the US was lax . The company was fighting the battle of people who , having had a bad experience in one single outlet , generalized that to the whole chain , then told their friends to stay away . At the same time , Chicken Delight was finding itself under increasing pressure from a fast-growing competitor , Kentucky Fried Chicken . Even though Chicken Delight and KFC were founded in the same year , Chicken Delight had grown far more quickly . KFC , in many markets , was just beginning to take hold . The competition became particularly strong when KFC added a new chicken product to their menu with a similar taste and texture to Chicken Delight 's that they dubbed `` Extra-Crispy . '' When Chicken Delight was founded , franchisers typically used one of two different methods for collecting revenue . One was to collect 4 % to 8 % of gross sales , as is typically done now . The other method was to require their franchisees to buy all their equipment and packaging from the franchisor . Chicken Delight franchisees paid a little extra for each paper cup , each paper plate , the chicken-coating mix , etc. , providing the franchisor with the money for corporate operations , advertising , and profit . A law firm felt this scheme ran afoul of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act which requires that the franchisor not sell products above fair market value . In the 1960s , they successfully sued on behalf of 94 franchisees and , in 1971 , got a precedent-setting ruling from the US 9th Circuit Court of Appeals that broke the franchise contract for all stores and awarded their clients damages . ( Siegel v. Chicken Delight , 448 F. 2d 43 ( 9th Cir . 1971 ) ; reversed in modern times by decisions such as Queen City Pizza v. Domino 's Pizza , 124 F. 3d 430 ( 1997 ) . ) The lawsuit win proved to be a Pyrrhic victory , however , because Consolidated Foods ( Now Sara Lee Corporation ) , then-owner of Chicken Delight , turned its back on the business in the US , leaving all its former US franchisees to fend for themselves . Today , some of the old US stores operate independently under names reminiscent of the original , such as `` Chicken Tonight '' . In 1979 Otto Koch , owner of the successful Chicken Delight Canada Ltd. , purchased the remaining rump of the American operations , and a handful of true Chicken Delight stores can once again be found in the US operating under modern quality-control and contractual conditions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0be340d3fcfd86d427a4f8f4488fcf7a", "text": "Schweinshaxe Schweinshaxe ( -LSB- ˈʃvaɪns.haksə -RSB- ) , in German cuisine , is a roasted ham hock ( or `` pork knuckle '' ) . The ham hock is the end of the pig 's leg , just above the ankle and below the meaty ham portion . It is especially popular in Bavaria as Schweinshaxn -LSB- ˈʃvaɪns.haksn̩ -RSB- or Sauhax ( n ) -LSB- ˈsaohaks ( n̩ ) -RSB- . A variation of this dish is known in parts of Germany as Eisbein , in which the ham hock is pickled and usually slightly boiled . Schweinshaxe is one of the formerly typical `` Armeleuteessen '' ( poor man 's food ) , in which recipes were composed which made inexpensive cuts of meat delicious ( see , for beef , the popular Sauerbraten ) . Such inexpensive cuts usually require long periods of preparation . The meat is usually marinated for days , in the case of big cuts up to a week . The Schweinshaxe is then roasted at low temperatures , typically -- depending on size -- for two to three hours . The most popular side dishes are potatoes and cabbage variations . The Austrian version of this dish is called Stelze -LSB- ˈʃtɛl.tsə -RSB- or in dialect Stötzn / Stelzn -LSB- ' ʃtœˑ.tsṇ -RSB- . It is usually marinated or pre-boiled in a caraway seed and garlic brine , roasted until the skin is crisp , and served with mustard , horseradish , and pickled chili peppers . The Bavarian version is classically served with potato dumplings and red cabbage , or with sauerkraut and potatoes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "801f79f2308fd1703f4e4b96c55aad6e", "text": "Convenience food Convenience food , or tertiary processed food , is food that is commercially prepared ( often through processing ) to optimise ease of consumption . Such food is usually ready to eat without further preparation . It may also be easily portable , have a long shelf life , or offer a combination of such convenient traits . Although restaurant meals meet this definition , the term is seldom applied to them . Convenience foods include ready-to-eat dry products , frozen foods such as TV dinners , shelf-stable foods , prepared mixes such as cake mix , and snack foods . Bread , cheese , salted food and other prepared foods have been sold for thousands of years . Other kinds were developed with improvements in food technology . Types of convenience foods can vary by country and geographic region . Some convenience foods have received criticism due to concerns about nutritional content and how their packaging may increase solid waste in landfills . Various methods are used to reduce the unhealthy aspects of commercially produced food and fight childhood obesity . Convenience food is commercially prepared for ease of consumption . Products designated as convenience food are often sold as hot , ready-to-eat dishes ; as room-temperature , shelf-stable products ; or as refrigerated or frozen food products that require minimal preparation ( typically just heating ) Convenience foods have also been described as foods that have been created to `` make them more appealing to the consumer . '' Convenience foods and restaurants are similar in that they save time . They differ in that restaurant food is ready to eat , whilst convenience food usually requires rudimentary preparation . Both typically cost more money and less time compared to home cooking from scratch .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e17f2bdd2eb488aa4106ea4e6c4a440", "text": "Mast Brothers Mast Brothers is an American artisanal chocolate company headquartered in Brooklyn , New York . The company was founded in 2007 by brothers Rick and Michael Mast , who are from Primghar , Iowa and who have been described as having `` magnificent Civil War-era beards '' . Mast Brothers , according to Vanity Fair , are `` widely credited for introducing artisanal chocolate to mainstream American culture '' and to have been instrumental in popularizing the bean-to-bar movement in America , but has faced criticism for their lack of involvement in the artisanal chocolate business community , as well as allegations they used third-party chocolate in their early products .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28de57081b4f4b5708c3f7e696ed7a30", "text": "Nu-Way Weiners Nu-Way Weiners , Inc. is a company that operates a chain of fast food restaurants that started in Macon , Georgia , United States . Nu-Way is known for hot dogs ( or wieners , not the misspelled `` weiners '' ) -- unique for their red color . Nu-Way also serves other breakfast and lunch items , including pancakes , grits , sandwiches , and hamburgers . As of 2016 , 10 Nu-Way Weiner restaurants operate in the central Georgia area , although the main location on Cotton Avenue in downtown Macon is temporarily closed to a fire in 2015 . Nu-Way 's slogan is `` I 'd Go a Long Way For a Nu-Way '' and is a registered trademark of Nu-Way Weiners , Inc. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f86c057f84490c1d284372e529c3cd7", "text": "Bertucci's Bertucci 's is a Northborough , Massachusetts-based private company which runs a chain of sit-down Italian restaurants offering brick oven pizza and Italian food . It also offers delivery ( from some stores ) , take-out and private dining . Bertucci 's was founded by Joey Crugnale in Davis Square , Somerville , Massachusetts , in 1981 . The company expanded rapidly during the 1990s . Bertucci 's locations are primarily found in the Northeast , but range as far south as Virginia . N.E. Restaurant Co. . Inc. bought out Bertucci 's in 1998 , adopting the Bertucci 's Co. name in 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8f6f45129f0bdd5a38c162f81845fb4", "text": "Pan Britannica Industries Pan Britannica Industries Ltd ( PBI ) was a small company which had 400 employees . It was a household and agrochemical formulation company based at Britannica House , Stewardstone Road , Waltham Cross and with a distribution presence in Wisbech in Cambridgeshire . PBI was , in common with many other UK household names , both a manufacturer and marketing organisation for both agricultural and horticultural products . PBI produced many agro-chemical formulations that were popular with farmers in many parts of the globe . However It was best known for its product Baby Bio , a liquid plant food that came in a notable small perfume-shaped bottle . Other major products by PBI are the Expert range of books , such as the Garden Expert , House Plant Expert , Greenhouse Expert etc. written by , Dr D.G. Hessayon , who later became chairman of PBI . The motto of these books is `` Easy-to-follow advice and information you can trust '' . With this in mind they are colourful , informative , and contain accurate product information and literature . The Company adopted this approach throughout all its products and brands . Such an approach was in no small way attributable to Dr. Hessayon , who was highly regarded within and outside both Agriculture and Horticulture , for many years . The company was sold to the Sumitomo corporation in the late eighties , but continued to be run largely by the same management . It is now part of the Bayer Corporation , which markets the best of its brands . The Waltham Abbey site has been redeveloped into a housing estate . There is still a presence in Waltham Cross called PBI Home & Garden Ltd in the same building , now renamed Durkan house . Similar UK operations were run by ICI Agriculture , Murphy Chemical Co , Allbright & Wilson ( Farm Protection ) , Shell Chemical Company , BP and Fisons . Some small scale horticultural products were also packaged at the Waltham Abbey plant , including Draza Slug Pellets for Bayer Agriculture ( now owner of the Bio Trade Mark ) . Companies such as Elanco , DuPont , Rohm & Haas and Stauffer actually manufactured , packaged , and labelled the vast majority of Chemical marketed by PBI . Many of the products which PBI marketed gave it , a very small player , a strong market presence on the global agrochemicals scene . Due to legislation , many of the products have been discontinued in the west due to long-term human health issues , but were considered safe and manufactured by other companies around the world . Now only the benign formulas like Baby Bio have continued availability . Dr Hessayon still writes Expert books but these are now published by Transworld .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2eedb784aa68b95b186e24095d1a5b2", "text": "Bernard Food Industries Bernard Food Industries is an American food products corporation . It is part of a family business started in 1947 . Bernard Food Industries is headquartered in Evanston , Illinois , a Chicago suburb . The company was founded by Jules Bernard and is currently controlled by Steven Bernard . Its brands include the Bernard , Calorie Control , Sweet 'N Low , Sans Sucre and Longhorn Grill . The company has produced , for some years , empty tin cans , labelled as `` Bernard Dehydrated Water '' , as a novelty item .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "297d489435bdad29e22ac116acbfab29", "text": "Food Network Food Network ( legally known as Television Food Network ) is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Television Food Network , G.P. , a joint venture between Scripps Networks Interactive ( which owns 70 % of the network ) and the Tribune ( FN ) Cable Ventures Inc. ( which owns the remaining 30 % ) . Despite this ownership structure , the channel is managed as a division of Scripps Networks Interactive . The channel airs both specials and regular episodic programs about food and cooking . In addition to its headquarters in New York City , Food Network has offices in Atlanta , Los Angeles , San Francisco , Chicago , Detroit , Jersey City , Cincinnati , and Knoxville , Tennessee . As of February 2015 , Food Network is available to approximately 96,931,000 pay television households ( 83.3 % of households with television ) in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "943a705cb43200a80bfcb2da711f1f03", "text": "KP Snacks KP Snacks is a British producer of branded and own-label maize - , potato - , and nut-based snacks , `` Choc Dips '' and nuts . The KP originally stood for Kenyon Produce . The company is based in Slough , Berkshire , England . The company was founded in 1853 as Kenyon & Son as a producer of confectionery , jam and pickles . By 1891 the company had become Kenyon & Son and Craven Limited . The company switched to producing roasted and salted hazelnuts in 1948 , expanding to peanuts later . These were originally produced for sale in cinemas . In 1952 the company introduced Hercules Nuts and in 1953 the No. 1 KP Nuts peanut brand . The company became part of United Biscuits ( UB ) in 1968 . The KP Snacks subsidiary produces a range of packet snack brands including Hula Hoops , Skips , McCoy 's , Frisps , Brannigan 's , Royster 's , Space Raiders , Discos , and Phileas Fogg . The snacks part is based on Teesside and in Rotherham , near the UB distribution warehouse . The Ashby-de-la-Zouch site won a `` Best Factory Award '' in 2004 . UB sold the company to the German company Intersnack in December 2012 for # 500 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "550c68a373af0337f9959415d4ece73e", "text": "Cool Hand Luke Cool Hand Luke is a 1967 American prison drama film directed by Stuart Rosenberg , starring Paul Newman and featuring George Kennedy in an Oscar-winning performance . Newman stars in the title role as Luke , a prisoner in a Florida prison camp who refuses to submit to the system . The film , set in the early 1950s , is based on Donn Pearce 's 1965 novel of the same name . Pearce sold the story to Warner Bros. , who then hired him to write the script . Due to Pearce 's lack of film experience , the studio added Frank Pierson to rework the screenplay . Newman 's biographer Marie Edelman Borden states that the `` tough , honest '' script drew together threads from earlier movies , especially Hombre , Newman 's earlier film of 1967 . The film has been cited by Roger Ebert as an anti-establishment film which was shot during the time of the Vietnam War , in which Newman 's character endures `` physical punishment , psychological cruelty , hopelessness and equal parts of sadism and masochism . '' His influence on his prison mates and the torture that he endures is compared to that of Jesus , and Christian symbolism is used throughout the film , culminating in a photograph superimposed over crossroads at the end of the film in comparison to the crucifixion . Filming took place on the San Joaquin River Delta , and the set , imitating a southern prison farm , was built in Stockton , California . The filmmakers sent a crew to Tavares Road Prison in Tavares , Florida , to take photographs and measurements . Upon its release , Cool Hand Luke received favorable reviews and became a box-office success . The film cemented Newman 's status as one of the era 's top box-office actors , while the film was described as the `` touchstone of an era . '' Newman was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor , George Kennedy won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , Pearce and Pierson were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay , and the score by Lalo Schifrin was also nominated for the Best Original Score . In 2005 , the United States Library of Congress selected it for the National Film Registry , considering it to be `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant . '' It has a 100 % rating on the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes . The quotation used by the prison warden ( Strother Martin ) in the film , which begins with `` What we 've got here is failure to communicate , '' was listed at No. 11 on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 most memorable movie lines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "957b3733bbd45ddf96ee26c8ecdaf4a0", "text": "Submarina Submarina is an American chain of fast-food restaurants . Founded in 1977 , the chain specializes in sub sandwiches .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "679c51535bf25ed2efef48938d90de6a", "text": "Sydney Newman Sydney Cecil Newman , OC ( April 1 , 1917 -- October 30 , 1997 ) was a Canadian film and television producer , who played a pioneering role in British television drama from the late 1950s to the late 1960s . After his return to Canada in 1970 , Newman was appointed Acting Director of the Broadcast Programs Branch for the Canadian Radio and Television Commission ( CRTC ) and then head of the National Film Board of Canada ( NFB ) . He also occupied senior positions at the Canadian Film Development Corporation and Canadian Broadcasting Corporation , and acted as an advisor to the Secretary of State . During his time in Britain in the 1950s and 1960s , he worked first with the Associated British Corporation ( ABC , now Thames Television ) , before moving across to the BBC in 1962 , holding the role of Head of Drama with both organisations . During this phase of his career , he was responsible for initiating two hugely popular television programmes , the spy-fi series The Avengers and the science-fiction series Doctor Who , as well as overseeing the production of groundbreaking social realist drama series such as Armchair Theatre and The Wednesday Play . The Museum of Broadcast Communications describes Newman as `` the most significant agent in the development of British television drama . '' His obituary in The Guardian declared that `` For ten brief but glorious years , Sydney Newman ... was the most important impresario in Britain ... His death marks not just the end of an era but the laying to rest of a whole philosophy of popular art . '' In Quebec , as commissioner of the NFB , he attracted controversy for his decision to suppress distribution of several politically sensitive films by French Canadian directors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe85135af3fda3ded5ffa02d79278101", "text": "Franciszek Trześniewski Franciszek Trześniewski ( -LSB- fraɲˈt͡ɕiʂɛk tʂɛɕˈɲɛfskʲi -RSB- ; died 1939 ) was an early 20th-century Polish gourmand and cook . Born in Kraków , at that time belonging to Eastern-Galicia ( Austro-Hungarian-Monarchy ) , he is notable for the restaurant-bar he opened in Vienna in 1902 , shortly before World War I. His spécialité de la maison were open sandwiches made of fresh , local dark bread cut into the typical rectangle-form with various spreads . After his death the bar was run by his daughter , Maria Trześniewska , who sold it in 1978 . Nowadays the Trześniewski restaurant at Dorotheergasse 1 , in Vienna , is considered one of the best in town and is one of only three restaurants of the city centre advertised by the official municipal website . In all , there are 8 outlets in the city , each selling more than 20 various types of sandwiches , along with a Pfiff of Beer ( a small glass , 1/8l ) or Vodka . The official motto of the company is Unspeakably good sandwiches , a reference to the Polish name of the founder , which is said to be unpronounceable to most German speakers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b94c5e0de71beb6a60467e1885f1c4f", "text": "Abbott Laboratories Abbott Laboratories is an American worldwide health care company . It has 74,000 employees and operates in more than 150 countries . The company headquarters are in Lake Bluff , Illinois . The company was founded by Chicago physician Wallace Calvin Abbott in 1888 to formulate known drugs ; it eventually grew to also sell research-based drugs , medical devices , diagnostics , and nutritional products . It split off the research-based pharmaceuticals into Abbvie in 2013 . In 2015 , revenues were $ 20.4 billion . Abbott has a broad range of branded generic pharmaceuticals , medical devices , diagnostics , and nutrition products . The company 's in-vitro diagnostics business performs immunoassays and blood screening . Its medical tests and diagnostic instrument systems are used worldwide by hospitals , laboratories , blood banks , and physician offices to diagnose and monitor diseases such as HIV , hepatitis , cancer , heart failure and metabolic disorders , as well as assess other indicators of health . In 1985 , the company developed the first HIV blood-screening test . Abbott Point-of-Care manufactures diagnostic products for blood analysis to provide health care professionals diagnostics information at the point of patient care . Abbott also provides point-of-care cardiac assays to the emergency room .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd490d30f5ce7d717c032290a9939ff4", "text": "Meica Meica is a German food company based in Edewecht . It was founded in 1908 . Meica produces a range of sausage . The company exports products to about 50 countries and offers private-label production services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c930164a9452e7b3ec7220f1fb721646", "text": "Ed Levine Ed Levine ( born January 27 , 1952 ) is a New York-based food writer , creator of Serious Eats and a frequent New York Times contributor . His stories on iconic American foods such as hot dogs , hamburgers , ice cream and cheesecake have appeared in many U.S. periodicals , including GQ , BusinessWeek and the New York Times .", "title": "" } ]
fever
4d308e79b6b7045ef909ac584601fc5d
Master of Arts is offered by Drama school.
[ { "docid": "0773556f493b104f614958293808e29b", "text": "Drama school A drama school , stage school or theatre school is an undergraduate and/or graduate school or department at a college or university ; or a free-standing institution ( such as the Drama section at the Juilliard School ) ; which specializes in the pre-professional training in drama and theatre arts , such as acting , design and technical theatre , arts administration , and related subjects . If the drama school is part of a degree-granting institution , undergraduates typically take a Bachelor of Arts , Bachelor of Fine Arts , or , occasionally , Bachelor of Science or Bachelor of Design . Graduate students may take a Master of Arts , Master of Science , Master of Fine Arts , Doctor of Arts , Doctor of Fine Arts , or Doctor of Philosophy degree .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a6a79d5159eee54d336404ababb5be40", "text": "The Harlem School of the Arts Harlem School of the Arts ( HSA ) in Harlem , New York was founded in 1964 by soprano Dorothy Maynor , and offers its programs to students of all ages . Mezzo-soprano Betty Allen succeeded Maynor as President in 1979 when a new 37,000 square foot facility designed by Ulrich Franzen was completed . Other Presidents include Allicia Adams , Camille Akjeu , and Daryl Durham . In August 2015 , new President and CEO , Eric G. Pryor , was named . According to its website , the mission of the Harlem School of the Arts is `` to enrich the lives of children and their families in the Harlem community and beyond , through exposure to and instruction in the arts . '' In 2005 , the school was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $ 20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation , which was made possible through a donation by New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg . Harlem School of the Arts was able to weather the financial crisis experienced in 2010 , and stabilize its fiscal position due to a generous gift of 6 million dollars from the Herb Alpert Foundation . Now HSA stands poise to implement sustainable business model , under the leadership of Board Chairman Charles J. Hamilton , Jr. , Esq. , Vice Chair Janice Savin Williams , and newly appointed President , Eric G. Pryor . This notable performing arts institution celebrated its 50th anniversary in 2015 . The school offers courses in four disciplines ; music , theatre , visual arts , and dance . Courses in music include classical , jazz , gospel , R & B , electronic and world music . Dance courses including ballet , modern , ethnic , jazz , and tap dance . In addition to theater classes , the visual art department offers courses which include sculpture , and photography ( digital and film ) . The school 's students are of diverse cultural backgrounds , and tuition is relatively inexpensive in contrast to similar educational institutions in the United States . HSA provides financial aid on a first-come , first-served basis through the generous donations on the Herb Alpert Foundation and other generous benefactors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c943c8d211684b05baea598589a1b986", "text": "The Center for the Performing Arts and Art Building at Miami University The Center for the Performing Arts building was designed to house three major components of Fine Arts academics of Miami University : the Miami University Theater , the theater department , and the music department . Originally the programs were distributed between Fisher Hall and Hall Auditorium , and were moved to the Center for the Performing Arts after its construction . In 1984 funds were approved for a new Art and Art Education building to form a quad with the Center for the Performing Arts , amounting to approximately 6.8 million . The governor at the time , Richard Celeste , signed these grants for the building as well as the expansion and improvement of other halls on campus , including Williams Hall , Gaskill Hall , and Robertson Hall . Originally these funds had been frozen . 3.7 million was put forth by legislation to compensate for the architectural fees , the construction , and the equipment , and the building itself is worth 3.7 million . One of only two schools in the state of Ohio to be selected , the building was given the distinction of outstanding design in the `` American School and University Magazine . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f87c34cc1624bd84e936d1f96bac372", "text": "Edna Manley College of Visual and Performing Arts The Edna Manley College of the Visual and Performing Arts operates from a single campus , located in Kingston , Jamaica . This Government of Jamaica institution , formally known as the Cultural Training Centre , was in 1995 reclassified as a tertiary institution and renamed to its current name . The College consists of the following faculties : The School of Visual Arts The School of Music The School of Dance The School of Drama The Faculty of Education and Liberal Studies The College 's course offering ranges from certificate to bachelor 's degree programmes . There is also a Continuing Education division that offers part-time courses .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "56d9bf316285e4f416a00a7948d72dca", "text": "Theatre and Performance Research Association The Theatre and Performance Research Association , or TaPRA for short , is an academic organisation focusing on theatre , drama and performance . It was founded in 2005 . Academics from drama and theatre departments at Kent , Leeds , Royal Holloway , Warwick , QMUL , Birmingham , Manchester , Nottingham Trent , Bristol , Central School of Speech and Drama , Lancaster , Sheffield , Roehampton , Glasgow , Exeter and Trinity College , Dublin formed the initial steering group . TaPRA describes its aim as `` to foster research that : enables links between practitioners and scholars within performance disciplines and across cognate fields ; liaises with specialist organisations and groupings ; encourages early career research in theatre and performance . '' Membership is largely British and Irish , although international members are welcomed , regularly contributing at conferences and symposia . Individual academics pay an annual fee to become members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd8b61ef065efd38da0e04a8af03393d", "text": "Scuola del Teatro Stabile di Torino The Scuola del Teatro Stabile di Torino , located in Turin , Italy , is a Performing Arts Academy which was founded in 1955 by Italian director Luca Ronconi . Teatro Stabile di Torino ( Union of the Theatres of Europe ) is recognized as one of the most prestigious Performing Arts Academies around Europe . Since its early foundation , the Academy has distinguished itself as a national reference center for traditional theatrical heritage , experimentation and research . With the advent of arts and music reform , the Academy became part of the sector level Higher Education in Art and Music ( AFAM ) , established by Law No. 508 of 21 December 1999 . The academic year begins in October and ends in June . The coursework is intensive , requiring motivation and commitment . It includes lessons , exercises and testing , ten hours per day , six days a week . The two main courses , directing and acting , both approach the interpretation of dramatic text using theoretical , critical , technical and artistic analysis . The prestige of the Academy has been firmly established through the participation of important figures in the dramatic arts , who contribute to lesson programs , seminars , special courses and meetings . This allows the film and theater students to make distinctions between the teaching and professional work . Academic activities are presented to the public with the production of approximately two events per year , produced with the students , supported and directed by renowned professionals , including technical staff in set , costume , and lighting design . The Academy provides training in dramatic theater and the Italian cinema , and is structured in three stages . After completing the three-year program , students are granted a diploma equivalent to a university degree . Category : Art schools in Italy Category : Schools of the performing arts Category : Schools in Turin Category :1955 establishments in Italy", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a692b7fd2c158c080fb2e8fab3230f82", "text": "Bachelor of Liberal Studies The purpose of the Bachelor of Liberal Studies degree is to provide students with a solid multidisciplinary preparation in the Humanities , Natural Sciences , Social Sciences and the Arts , subsequently allowing them to pursue careers in education , business , government , and other such fields . The goal of a liberal studies major is to train students to communicate effectively , both orally and in writing , to develop skills in critical thinking and problem solving , and to imbue critical thinking with ethical thought . Liberal studies provides students with opportunities for an extensive study of the liberal arts and sciences and for a broad understanding of various academic fields of interest . A student who seeks to be awarded a degree such as B.A. in Liberal Studies generally undertakes a variety of subjects , including : literature and language studies , mathematics , visual and performing arts , physical education , history and social sciences , science , and human development . According to the American Academy for Liberal Education , core curriculum can include `` interdisciplinary programs in the arts and sciences , programs of study in the histories and heritages of Western and non-Western civilizations , global and trans-cultural studies , ethnic and area studies , musical and theatrical appreciation and performance , and programs in creative writing . '' Occupational opportunities include : Banking or retail management trainee Buyer trainee Claims adjuster Underwriter College/university admission counselor Convention/meeting planner Development officer/fundraiser Human resources professional Insurance agent Public relations specialist Sales representative Teacher Writer Intelligence Officer/Analyst ( Some positions may require additional education and/or training )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "877bab9fa24f4d2b88503a5ec2f3c3d4", "text": "Berlin School of Economics and Law The Berlin School of Economics and Law ( BSEL , German : Hochschule für Wirtschaft und Recht , HWR ) is a leading German business school founded on 1 April 2009 through the merger of the Berlin School of Economics ( BSE ) and the FHVR Berlin . The BSEL portfolio provides a wide range of professional qualifications . BSEL is specialised in business and administration for the public and private sector , as well as public security , the law and engineering . The majority of programmes lead to a bachelor 's or master 's degree . Degrees have been quality controlled and are accredited by the German state . BSEL has an international approach with close working relationship with over 90 partner universities all over the world and has a very strict and selective admission policy . The school offers a 5-year dual degree with France 's ESCE Business School ( Paris ) , enabling selected bilingual students to have the `` Master in Management '' from ESCE and the Master of Arts from HWR Berlin . This program is supported by The Franco-German University ( FGU ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b4b628f663fc9de08a8316c4f86f32e", "text": "New World School of the Arts New World School of the Arts ( NWSA ) is a public magnet high school and college in Downtown Miami , Florida . Its dual-enrollment programs in the visual and performing arts are organized into four strands : visual arts , dance , theatre ( comprising programs in theater and musical theatre ) , and music ( comprising programs in instrumental music and vocal music ) . The New World School of the Arts was a pioneer in dual-enrollment education , arising out of an experiment between Miami Northwestern High School and Dade Community College ( now Miami Dade College ) . NWSA was formally created as an outcome of that experiment by the 1986 New World School of the Arts Act of the Florida State Legislature as `` a center of excellence for the performing and visual art '' , with the stated intention `` that specific attention be given to the needs of artistically talented high school students who are occupationally oriented to the arts . '' The school is jointly administered by Miami-Dade County Public Schools , Miami Dade College , and the University of Florida . The administrative structure includes an executive board with representatives from each of the partners as well as community seats and a foundation board . The school awards an Associate of Arts degree from Miami Dade College , Bachelor of Fine Arts and Bachelor of Music degrees from the University of Florida , and a high school degree from the Miami Dade County schools . Admissions into the high school are through the Miami Dade Visual and Performing Arts Magnet Program , requiring an audition and/or portfolio ( see High School Admissions ) . New World High School is consistently in the top 100 best high schools as rated by US News & World Report . In 2009 , NWSA was 82nd in this ranking . Both the college and the high school are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34794fadc1c7c3d2d80a6e1184bcd9aa", "text": "Bangkok School of Management Bangkok School of Management ( BSM ) is an educational institution in Thailand , established in 1998 , which offers courses in business and management . It is located on the 16th floor of the Amarin Plaza in the Ratchaprasong area of Bangkok . The school operated initially as an American Degree programme provider in partnership with Southern New Hampshire University , USA . Due to natural evolution and academic demand , the institution had gradually evolved to be focusing more on UK and European curriculum based education , and to fill a void within this academic space . As of current , BSM is the Official Learning Support Centre for Northumbria University , Newcastle UK , for the undergraduate programme , and IPE Management School Paris for the post graduate Master of Business Administration ( MBA programme ) . Student and faculty profile Approximately 80 % of the students and 70 % of the faculty members come from an international background , positioning BSM as one of the only educational institutions in the region with an international approach to education . The students and staff come from a range of different countries , representing the continents of Europe , Asia , Australasia . All of the classes at BSM are conducted in English . Undergraduate programme BSM offers a `` 2 +1 '' undergraduate programme , providing students the possibility of completing their first two years of undergraduate study in Bangkok , and the final year of their bachelor 's degree either in Thailand itself , or directly in the UK at Northumbria University 's main campus in Newcastle . There are two bachelor 's degree programmes offered to students through this pathway : 1 ) BA ( Hons ) Leadership and Management 2 ) BSc ( Hons ) Business and Management Post Graduate programme As the Official Support Centre for IPE Management School , BSM launched the only internationally accredited European MBA programme in Thailand , in July 2015 . This is a blended learning system , giving the students the option to attend two classes per module , complimented by private online study . There are a total of 8 modules to be completed + 1 dissertation ( study period of between 12 -- 18 months ) . Upon graduation , students will receive a MBA degree from IPE Management School of Paris , a `` Grande Ecole '' within the Reseau des Grandes Ecoles Specialisees ( GES ) , a level 1 accreditation in France . BSM Tutor BSM provides university preparedness tutorials , focused on areas such as business and academic English ( IELTS , TOEFL , TOIEC ) , mathematics , and general one on hour tutorial support which can be customized to the needs of the student . Training Apart from the academic and student support programmes provided , BSM also offers training in the area of corporate development and personal development , with over 1000 people trained from a variety of different companies and fields within the ASEAN region .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40cde49eba95171874465f53044e50a7", "text": "School for Creative and Performing Arts The School for Creative and Performing Arts ( SCPA ) is a magnet arts school in Cincinnati in the US state of Ohio , and part of the Cincinnati Public Schools ( CPS ) . SCPA was founded in 1973 as one of the first magnet schools in Cincinnati and became the first school in the country to combine a full range of arts studies with a complete college-preparatory academic program for elementary through high school students . Of the approximately 350 arts schools in the United States , SCPA is one of the oldest and has been cited as a model for both racial integration and for arts programs in over 100 cities . SCPA had three different homes in its first four years , including a makeshift campus in the Mount Adams neighborhood and another in Roselawn . In 1976 , it occupied the Old Woodward High School building , on the site of one of the oldest public schools in the country . The school rose to national prominence in the 1980s , but was nearly closed in the 1990s following a series of scandals , leadership struggles , and an arson fire which destroyed the auditorium . Its reputation recovered in the years that followed and in 2009 -- 10 , the school was featured in the MTV reality series Taking the Stage , filmed at the school and featuring SCPA students . In 2010 SCPA combined with the Schiel Primary School for Arts Enrichment to create the first kindergarten through twelfth grade ( about ages five to seventeen ) arts school and first private sector/public arts school in the US . A new facility in Over-the-Rhine was championed by the late Cincinnati Pops Maestro Erich Kunzel and funded through a unique public-private partnership that raised over $ 31 million in private contributions to match public funding . The building features specialized facilities for the arts and three separate theaters and is the key to redevelopment plans for the area . Students must audition for admission ; fewer than 20 percent of those who apply each year are accepted . SCPA is free to CPS students but also attracts tuition-paying students from outside the district and the state . The newly combined school will serve approximately 1,300 students in 2010 , offering a curriculum designed to prepare students for professional careers in creative writing , dance , drama , music , technical theater , and visual art . The emphasis is on performance , and students in every field are required to perform or present their work in public regularly . Students compete successfully in arts competitions locally and internationally . On standardized tests , SCPA ranks second among Cincinnati public schools . Ninety percent of graduating seniors continue on to college , and those students receive one of the highest levels of scholarship funding in the city . A limited number of extracurricular activities are offered , as students are expected to commit significant after-school time to training and performance . SCPA has produced notable graduates in a wide range of artistic fields , including award-winning actors , singers , directors and technicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa643cbc5903ce20e90f52d7b779245e", "text": "Essay of Dramatick Poesie Essay of Dramatic Poesy by John Dryden was published in 1668 . It was probably written during the plague year of 1666 . Dryden takes up the subject that Philip Sidney had set forth in his Defence of Poesie ( 1580 ) and attempts to justify drama as a legitimate form of `` poetry '' comparable to the epic , as well as defend English drama against that of the ancients and the French . The treatise is a dialogue between four speakers : Eugenius , Crites , Lisideius , and Neander . The four speakers represented , respectively Charles Sackville ( Lord Buchhurst and later sixth Earl of Dorset ) , Sir Robert Howard -LSB- playwright and Dryden 's brother-in-law -RSB- , Sir Charles Sedley ( Edward Malone identified him as Lisideius ) and Dryden himself ( neander means `` new man '' and implies that Dryden , as a respected member of the gentry class , is entitled to join in this dialogue on an equal footing with the three older men who are his social superiors ) . On the day that the English fleet encounters the Dutch at sea near the mouth of the Thames , the four friends take a barge downriver towards the noise from the battle . Rightly concluding , as the noise subsides , that the English have triumphed , they order the bargeman to row them back upriver as they begin a dialogue on the advances made by modern civilization . They agree to measure progress by comparing ancient arts with modern , focusing specifically on the art of drama ( or `` dramatic poesy '' ) . The four men debate a series of three topics : ( 1 ) the relative merit of classical drama ( upheld by Crites ) vs. modern drama ( championed by Eugenius ) ; ( 2 ) whether French drama , as Lisideius maintains , is better than English drama ( supported by Neander , who famously calls Shakespeare `` the greatest soul , ancient or modern '' ) ; and ( 3 ) whether plays in rhyme are an improvement upon blank verse drama -- a proposition that Neander , despite having defended the Elizabethans , now advances against the skeptical Crites ( who also switches from his original position and defends the blank verse tradition of Elizabethan drama ) . Invoking the so-called unities from Aristotle 's Poetics ( as interpreted by Italian and refined by French scholars over the last century ) , the four speakers discuss what makes a play `` a just and lively imitation '' of human nature in action . This definition of a play , supplied by Lisideius/Orrery ( whose rhymed plays had dazzled the court and were a model for the new drama ) , gives the debaters a versatile and richly ambiguous touchstone . To Crites ' argument that the plots of classical drama are more `` just , '' Eugenius can retort that modern plots are more `` lively '' thanks to their variety . Lisideius shows that the French plots carefully preserve Aristotle 's unities of action , place , and time ; Neander replies that English dramatists like Ben Jonson also kept the unities when they wanted to , but that they preferred to develop character and motive . Even Neander 's final argument with Crites over whether rhyme is suitable in drama depends on Aristotle 's Poetics : Neander says that Aristotle demands a verbally artful ( `` lively '' ) imitation of nature , while Crites thinks that dramatic imitation ceases to be `` just '' when it departs from ordinary speech -- i.e. prose or blank verse . A year later , the two brothers-in-law quarreled publicly over this third topic . See Dryden 's `` Defense of An Essay of Dramatic Poesy '' ( 1669 ) , where Dryden tries to persuade the rather literal-minded Howard that audiences expect a play to be an imitation of nature , not a surrogate for nature itself .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5789d86b8f30d9e2ac8f73cfb96efe7", "text": "MFA Program for Poets & Writers The MFA Program for Poets & Writers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst is a graduate creative writing program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cba6947fe35c4558f21f0a6ce8585508", "text": "Hostos Community College Eugenio María de Hostos Community College of The City University of New York is a community college in the City University of New York ( CUNY ) system located in the South Bronx , New York City . Hostos Community College was created by an act of the Board of Higher Education in 1968 in response to demands from the Hispanic/Puerto Rican community , which was urging for the establishment of a college to serve the people of the South Bronx . In 1970 , the college admitted its first class of 623 students at the site of a former tire factory . Several years later , the college moved to a larger site nearby at 149th Street and Grand Concourse . Hostos is the first institution of higher education on the mainland to be named after a Puerto Rican , Eugenio María de Hostos , an educator , writer , and patriot . A large proportion ( approximately 60 percent ) of the student population is Hispanic , thus many of the courses at Hostos are offered in Spanish , and the college also provides extensive English and ESL instruction to students . The Hostos Center for the Arts & Culture is a performing arts center contained within the college campus . It consists of a museum-grade art gallery , a 367-seat Repertory Theater , and a 900-seat Main Theater , presenting artists of national and international renown . It has been showcasing theater , dance and music artists for 33 years , with the mission `` to be a cultural force in the Bronx and throughout the New York metropolitan area . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2bbf368e2268f48c62ea2becf8fc31d7", "text": "Carlo Mazzone-Clementi Carlo Mazzone-Clementi ( 12 December 1920 -- 5 November 2000 ) was a performer and founder of two schools of commedia , mime and physical theater as well as a contemporary and colleague of leaders of modern European theater . From his arrival in the USA in 1957 , he was largely responsible for the spreading of commedia dell ` arte in North America . He first gained attention in Italy in 1947 alongside Marcel Marceau in the mime 's first tour outside of Paris . From 1948 to 1951 , he assisted Jacques Lecoq , while Lecoq taught and directed the Players of Padua University . In 1954 , Mazzone-Clementi was at Piccolo Teatro di Milano with Dario Fo and Franca Rame . While he was performing with Piccolo Teatro as well as teaching in Rome , the American theatre scholar and director Eric Bentley came to Italy to direct the Padua Players company in the first Italian production of Bertolt Brecht . Then , with Bentley 's patronage , Mazzone-Clementi toured the United States in 1958 , conducting workshops in mime and commedia , and introducing the leather masks of Amleto Sartori to this country . That led to a teaching assignment at the Carnegie Institute of Technology , followed by Brandeis University , the University of California at Berkeley , the American Conservatory Theater and others . He was known as Carlo Mazzone until 1965 when he worked with the new acting ensemble at the Theatre of Lincoln Center . From then on he was known as Carlo Mazzone-Clementi . Clementi was the name of his mother and his grandfather , Girolamo Clementi , who was versed in the work of Paduan playwright and forerunner of commedia dell ` arte , Angelo Beolco , known as `` Ruzzante . '' In 1972 , Mazzone-Clementi and his wife Jane Hill , a graduate of Carnegie-Mellon , went to Humboldt County , California to conduct summer workshops at their rural property . From this experience came the decision to re-locate permanently in Humboldt and to establish a full-time actor training program . In 1974 , the couple purchased the Oddfellows Hall in Blue Lake , California and co-founded the Dell ' Arte School of Mime and Comedy , now known as the Dell ` Arte International School of Physical Theatre . Hill also joined the faculty at College of the Redwoods , where the pair created the Grand Comedy Festival at Qual-a-wa-loo , a summer repertory festival that produced plays of Shakespeare in rotation with musical adaptations of those plays ; Mazzone-Clementi served as the festival 's artistic director for six years . In 1974 their article , `` Commedia and the Actor '' was published in The Drama Review TDR ( journal ) . Mazzone-Clementi moved to Copenhagen , Denmark in 1984 and founded a second sister theater school there , named the Commedia School . In 1994 returned to California and continued teaching until shortly before his death on 5 November 2000 in San Francisco .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5cc60b173b5a5748f94f0a60462b58c1", "text": "Medicine Hat High School Medicine Hat High School ( Hat High ) is a high school of approximately 1000 students . It is located in Medicine Hat , Alberta , Canada . It is a member of School District 76 ( SD76 ) , Medicine Hat 's main public district . Medicine Hat High School is known for excellence , innovation , and for offering one of the widest varieties of programs for students with different needs and talents . It is committed to providing a student-centered approach to education through : ACADEMIC CLASSES - A full complement of courses that lead to college , university and technical school entrance ADVANCED PLACEMENT ( AP ) - in Math CAREER AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIES ( CTS ) - includes Autobody , Business Foundations , Communication Technology , Construction , Cosmetology , Fabrication , Fashion Studies , Foods , Information Processing , and Mechanics . Upon the completion of the required courses in Cosmetology , Fabrication and Mechanics , students are able to challenge their first-year apprenticeship exam . SECOND LANGUAGE PROGRAMS - includes French , Japanese and Spanish . FINE ARTS - this includes Art , Band , Choir , Drama and Guitar . PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS - these include Athletic Conditioning , Individual Sports Performance , Health , and Outdoor Education in addition to our core Physical Education . OFF CAMPUS EDUCATION PROGRAM - includes Work Experience , Registered Apprenticeship Program ( RAP ) , and Health Services Internships . LEARNING STRATEGIES PROGRAM ( LSP ) - this program develops individualized programs planning to promote independent learning . LEARNING ASSISTANCE PROGRAM - this focuses on life skills and realistic learning situations . TRANSITIONS PROGRAM - This is a modified academic program for students who experience difficulty with their learning . ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE ( ESL ) - this program focuses on welcoming new Canadians into the community . MHHS DRAMA at Medicine Hat High School the city 's longest running theatre programs . MHHS Drama students have been entertaining audiences from all over southern Alberta with professional quality shows and in depth Theatre programming . Embracing theatre tradition and innovation , students in this program seek to bring theatre to life for the students and community . From thought-provoking productions to zany musicals ; from classical plays to fostering new Canadian stories , MHHS Drama continues to support the development of Theatre in Medicine Hat . Students are immersed in a theatre experience that is innovative , entertaining and reflective of Canadian theatre . MHHS DRAMA Mainstage Productions Neverending Story by David S. Craig ( December 2012 ) Village of Idiots by John Lazarus ( May 2013 ) Anne and Gilbert : The Island Love Story ( December 2013 ) Evelyn Strange ( June 2014 ) SKETCH : The Half-Blood Philosopher 's SKETCH of Azkaban ( October 2014 ) BIG FISH : The Musical ( December 2014 ) SKETCH II : SKETCHlock ( February 2015 ) William Shakespeare 's Land of The Dead ( June 2015 ) The Giver ( October 2015 ) The Wedding Singer : A New Broadway Musical ( February 2016 ) Peter and the Starcatcher ( December 2016 ) The Paperbag Princess Musical ( May 2017 ) Pilot Lights Theatre Festival : Alberta High School Drama Zone 7 ( April 2014 ) Never Swim Alone ( MHHS , Zone 7 Winner for Best Play ) Check Please ( MHHS ) Mañana Bandits ( MHHS ) Oz in a Closet ( MHHS ) Tuesdays and Sundays ( MHHS ) ( April 2015 ) Never Too Old ( MHHS ) Dancing Solo ( MHHS ) But Listen ! ( Foremost School ) Ketchup Bottle ( MHHS ) Activation ( MHHS ) All The World 's A Stage ( MHHS ) Waiting Room ( MHHS ) Elephant 's Graveyard ( MHHS ) Crushed ( MHHS ) The Author 's Voice ( MHHS , Zone 7 Winner for Best Play ) Final Play ( Brooks Composite ) No Problem ( MHHS ) This Is A Test ( Brooks Composite ) Wildflowering of Chastity ( MHHS ) APRIL 2016 This is A Play ( MHHS , ZONE 7 Winner for Best Play 2016 ) Mustardseed ( MHHS ) 10000 Cigarettes ( MHHS ) Do n't Knock ( MHHS ) The $ 39 Man ( MHHS ) Dying to be Thin ( MHHS ) Dystopia ! The Hungry Maz Game of Divergent Death ( MHHS ) The Haunted Auditorium ( Foremost ) Strange As It May Seem ( Foremost ) Silent Snow Secret Snow ( Brooks ) Productions Archive Phantom of the Opera Rabbit Hole The Laramie Project Urine town Lucky Stiff Jack and the Beanstalk Little Shop of Horrors Les Misérables The Mousetrap The Children 's Hour The Importance of Being Earnest Godspell MHHS ATHLETICS MHHS MOHAWKS FOOTBALL Provincial Champions 2001 - Mohawks 1989 - Mohawks Rangeland Champions 2014 - Mohawks 2011 - Mohawks 2006 - Mohawks 2005 - Mohawks 2004 - Mohawks 2003 - Mohawks 2002 - Mohawks 2001 - Mohawks 2000 - Mohawks 1989 - Mohawks 1988 - Mohawks 1987 - Mohawks 1986 - Mohawks 1982 - Mohawks South Zone Champions 2014 - Mohawks 2011 - Mohawks 2008 - Mohawks 2006 - Mohawks 2005 - Mohawks 2004 - Mohawks 2002 - Mohawks 2001 - Mohawks MHHS MOHAWKS BASKETBALL MHHS KWAHOMMIES BASKETBALL MHHS MOHAWKS VOLLEYBALL MHHS KWAHOMMIES BASKETBALL MHHS CROSS COUNTRY AND TRACK Category : High schools in Alberta Category : Medicine Hat Category : Educational institutions with year of establishment missing", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1836a5846f050f19acee0c74abcc55c", "text": "Paris School of International Affairs The Paris School of International Affairs ( PSIA ) is a graduate school of Sciences Po ( also referred to as the Institut d'études politiques de Paris ) based in Paris , France , and it is generally considered to be one of the top rated and most prestigious graduate schools for international relations in the world . Located in the Saint-Germain-des-Prés neighborhood in the 7th arrondissement of Paris , the school has an international student population of 70 % , with 1200 students coming from nearly 100 countries . Taught primarily in English and optionally in French , PSIA offers traditional two-year Master 's degrees in international affairs that amount to 90 ECTS credits . Additionally it hosts a number of international dual degree programs with the School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University , Georgetown University , the London School of Economics , the Free University of Berlin , Bocconi University in Milan , the Moscow State Institute of International Relations , Peking University , the Stockholm School of Economics and the University of St. Gallen in Switzerland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43366e95cb9c25a7e8d88429cd27fba2", "text": "Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama The Royal Welsh College of Music & Drama ( Welsh : Coleg Brenhinol Cerdd a Drama Cymru ) is a conservatoire located in Cardiff , Wales . Its alumni include Anthony Hopkins , Aneurin Barnard and Rob Brydon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ffcd560e1e95157d4fd5210dd1bfec86", "text": "Master class A master class is a class given to students of a particular discipline by an expert of that discipline -- usually music , but also painting , drama , any of the arts , or on any other occasion where skills are being developed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8927453795ee6f0bcf65338245fff3b2", "text": "ACES Educational Center for the Arts ACES Educational Center for the Arts , or ECA , is an American public arts magnet high school located at 55 Audubon Street in New Haven , Connecticut , United States . The school is primarily located in the former Congregation Mishkan Israel synagogue with studio spaces across the street . The school has two theaters -- the Arts Hall in the main building , and the Little Theatre at 1 Lincoln Street -- and multiple gallery spaces throughout the main building . The school enrols approximately 260 students and is divided into five departments : Music , Dance , Theater , Creative Writing , and Visual Arts . Students take academic courses at their `` sending schools '' ( public high schools ) during the morning and attend classes within their departments during the afternoon from 1:00 to 4:00 , Monday through Thursday . Students may apply to up to three individual departments at a time and must prepare a portfolio , audition piece , or interview depending on the department to which they are applying . Accepted students may enroll at the beginning of any year of high school . ECA is based on the idea of artists teaching artists , employing working artists to teach high school students their art form of choice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b553bee9a04212b424c9ba7bd61090c9", "text": "CNSAD The Conservatoire national supérieur d'art dramatique ( CNSAD ) ( English : French National Academy of Dramatic Arts ) is France 's national drama academy in Paris associated with PSL Research University . It is a higher education institution run by the French Ministry of Culture and , with an acceptance rate of two to three percent and an average graduating class of thirty students , widely considered the most selective acting conservatory in France , is consistently regarded as a top world-class performing arts institute renowned for its excellence in theatre education . Its alumni include Juliette Binoche , Carole Bouquet , Isabelle Huppert , Olivier Martinez and Sebastian Roché .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5fa5f13d612b61ae85503d74aacac11f
Columbia Pictures released 21 Jump Street.
[ { "docid": "a747337954610056ce61f3be6677fb5a", "text": "21 Jump Street (film) 21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 ( a crossover with the Men in Black franchise ) and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "1bce1210b6c4482455c41016ec1334f7", "text": "Studio City, Los Angeles Studio City is a neighborhood in the city of Los Angeles , California , in the San Fernando Valley . It is named after the studio lot that was established in the area by film producer Mack Sennett in 1927 , now known as CBS Studio Center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "410296f5e09f52f38a6d1651fa50f5d0", "text": "Streets of Death Streets of Death is a 1987 American film . Tommy Kirk had retired from acting when the film was made but the producer made him an offer `` that was hard to refuse . '' He was the only professional actor in the cast . The film had some problems ... . I played a cop who has been kicked off the force because he was a drunk and had accidentally killed somebody . But he wanted to be back on the force , to be a cop again , so he goes off on his own and tries to solve this string of serial killings in the Los Angeles suburbs ... That picture was a good example of a case of good intentions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9598e8560912dabe471ba3a1e4f67a64", "text": "Mill Creek Entertainment Mill Creek Entertainment is an American home video company founded in 2002 by Ian Warfield , Robert Zakheim and Scott Moss in Minnetonka , Minnesota . The Mill Creek Entertainment catalog draws from over 12,000 hours of owned and licensed content , including contemporary and classic feature films , as well as television , animations , documentary , special interest , family entertainment and fitness content . The company 's licensing partnerships with major studios include Buena Vista Home Entertainment , Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , NBCUniversal , and Warner Home Video . The company is known for its multi-film DVD collections , which draw heavily ( but not exclusively ) from material in the public domain in the United States . The company also produces its own original documentary programming , including the National Parks Explorer Series , Up from Slavery , Gangster Empire : Rise of the Mob , The Ultimate Civil War Series , America 's Serial Killers , and The Decade You Were Born series . Mill Creek acquired the library of Crown International Pictures from now defunct Navarre Corporation subsidiary BCI Home Entertainment . On April 23 , 2012 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a home video distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , acquiring the rights to distribute 250 films from the Sony Pictures catalog on DVD and Blu-ray . On August 27 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a long term distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment to distribute an additional 665 films and 54 TV series from the Sony Pictures library .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf", "text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e17124d2b86b8672f4a58461e6fdb92b", "text": "Old Warner Brothers Studio The Old Warner Brothers Studio , officially called today Sunset Bronson Studios ( formerly known as KTLA Studios and Tribune Studios ) , is a motion picture , radio and television production facility located on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood , California . The studio was the site where the first talking feature film , The Jazz Singer was filmed in 1927 . Originally built in 1919 , the main building fronting Sunset Boulevard was the site of a bowling alley during the 1940s and 50s . In the mid 1950s , the studio lot was divided in two , between KTLA television and Paramount Pictures . In 1963 , the entire lot was taken over by new owner Gene Autry ( as KTLA Studios ) and became the home of KTLA Television : Golden West Broadcasters . In 1984 , the lot was purchased by Tribune Company ( as Tribune Studios ) , before finally coming under the ownership of Hudson Capital as Sunset Bronson Studios . Due to its role in the history of the motion picture business , the site was designated as a Historic Cultural Landmark in LAHCM 1977 . The distinctive Executive Office Building , part of Warner Brothers original studio lot , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5aee5354d1999b0d2ec9083066c9bef", "text": "Up in Daisy's Penthouse Up in Daisy 's Penthouse is the 144th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1953 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges ( Moe Howard , Larry Fine and Shemp Howard ) . The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6", "text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dae1af1a80cc0f6a52ed459600f26606", "text": "Dizzy Doctors Dizzy Doctors is the 21st short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1937 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges ( Moe Howard , Larry Fine and Curly Howard ) . The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6129067205e756a9990a65da0e0e1f0", "text": "21st Screen Actors Guild Awards The 21st Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards , honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2014 , were presented on January 25 , 2015 , on both TNT and TBS 8:00 p.m. EST / 5:00 p.m. PST . Nominees were announced on December 10 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "efb78821e72dbff21178e65de8093555", "text": "Columbia Ranch The former Columbia Ranch is located at 411 N. Hollywood Way in Burbank , California and is now called the Warner Bros. . Ranch . It was the backdrop for many of the Columbia Pictures movies and Screen Gems/Columbia Pictures Television shows , including Father Knows Best , The Donna Reed Show , Dennis the Menace , Hazel , Bewitched , Gidget , I Dream of Jeannie , The Monkees , The Flying Nun , Here Come the Brides , The Partridge Family , The Hathaways , Lost Horizon , High Noon , Mr. Deeds Goes to Town , You Were Never Lovelier , The Wild One , and Autumn Leaves . Only the front facades of the houses and buildings were built ; the interiors were always shot at other locations or studios . The streets were constructed and arranged in such a way as to allow shooting at multiple angles to create the illusion of a much larger area , though the lot only spans across about six city blocks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82d8f9e59718a904dc7c4f07d854341e", "text": "Mark 21 nuclear bomb The Mark 21 nuclear bomb was a United States nuclear gravity bomb first produced in 1955 . It was based on the TX-21 `` Shrimp '' prototype that had been detonated during the Castle Bravo test in March 1954 . While most of the Operation Castle tests were intended to evaluate weapons intended for immediate stockpile , or which were already available for use as part of the Emergency Capability Program , Castle Bravo was intended to test a design which would drastically reduce the size and costs of the first generation of air-droppable atomic weapons ( the Mk 14 , Mk 17 & Mk 24 ) . At 12 ft long , 56 in in diameter , and weighing 15000 lb , the Mk-21 was half the length and one-third the weight of the Mk-17 / 24 weapons it replaced . Its minimum yield was specified at four megatons . Quantity production of the Mk-21 started in December 1955 and ran until July 1956 . Three marks were produced ; the Mk-21C was proof tested as the Operation Redwing Navajo shot , with a yield of 4.5 megatons . Starting in June 1957 all Mk-21 bombs were converted to the more powerful Mk-36 , which was removed from service in 1962 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd82936b623100806fbf43a859c83454", "text": "Capitol Films Capitol Films was a British film production and distribution company , founded in 1989 . In January 2006 it was sold to American Mobius Pictures , owned by entrepreneur and film producer David Bergstein , and placed it at the hub of his Pegasus Studios . In early 2010 , David Bergstein 's appointment as director for the British company was terminated and the company was placed in receivership . In October 2010 the US branch of the company was forced into bankruptcy , and in January 2012 a group of creditors filed a proposal with a federal bankruptcy court in Los Angeles to take over and liquidate five companies formerly controlled by David Bergstein , among them Capitol Films . Capitol Films was involved in the production of some fifty films , among them A Good Man in Africa ( 1994 ) , Death and the Maiden ( 1994 ) , Wilde ( 1997 ) , Dancing at Lughnasa ( 1998 ) , Gosford Park ( 2001 ) , Elvis Has Left the Building ( 2004 ) , and Lucky Number Slevin ( 2006 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e505ce08107a4dd04fb27d9bc65582d", "text": "Twentieth Century (film) Twentieth Century is a 1934 American pre-Code screwball comedy film . Much of the film is set on the 20th Century Limited train as it travels from Chicago to New York City . The film was directed by Howard Hawks , stars John Barrymore and Carole Lombard , and features Walter Connolly , Roscoe Karns and Edgar Kennedy . Ben Hecht and Charles MacArthur adapted their Broadway play of the same name -- itself based on the unproduced play Napoleon of Broadway by Charles Bruce Millholland -- with uncredited contributions from Gene Fowler and Preston Sturges . Along with Frank Capra 's It Happened One Night , also released in 1934 ( which amazingly has exactly the same music over the opening titles ) , Twentieth Century is considered to be a prototype for the screwball comedy . `` Howard Hawks ' rapid-fire romantic comedy established the essential ingredients of the screwball -- a dizzy dame , a charming but befuddled hero , dazzling dialogue and a dash of slapstick . '' Its success propelled Lombard into the front ranks of film comediennes . The film was added to the National Film Registry of the Library of Congress in 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef455609f3f48e7d7628a0fbc5ad479c", "text": "Super Troopers Super Troopers is a 2001 American crime-comedy film directed by Jay Chandrasekhar , written by and starring the Broken Lizard comedy group ( Jay Chandrasekhar , Kevin Heffernan , Steve Lem me , Paul Soter and Erik Stolhanske ) . Marisa Coughlan , Daniel von Bargen and Brian Cox co-star while Lynda Carter has a cameo appearance . In total , Fox Searchlight paid $ 3.25 million for distribution rights of the film and grossed $ 23.1 million at the box office . A sequel , Super Troopers 2 , is currently filming and is expected to be released in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c786aaa2ba634dc35192ed34b194c975", "text": "Teen-Age Crime Wave Teenage Crime Wave is a 1955 juvenile delinquency crime drama film released by Columbia Pictures . After escaping from reform school , a pair of delinquent teens go on a statewide shooting spree It was featured on a 1994 episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb2dad83246a714cdbb504dad9c595a8", "text": "Simon Fields Simon Fields is a native of London and received his education at Stowe School . After graduation , he worked his way through the television commercial production ranks in London to become production manager for the Moving Picture Company . In 1978 , Fields became a producer for Jon Roseman Productions and moved to L.A. within a year to join its U.S. division . He , producer Paul Flattery and director Bruce Gowers . soon left to form Gowers , Fields , Flattery . In 1982 , Gowers Fields Flattery started representing director Steve Barron , of the UK company Limelight in the U.S. . In 1983 Fields left Gowers , Fields , Flattery with Barron to form the US version of Limelight , a company focused on music video , commercial and feature film production , with operations in Los Angeles and London . As president and CEO , Fields oversaw a television commercial division whose accounts included Calvin Klein , Nike and Budweiser , as well as producing the feature film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles . Limelight also became distinguished as a leader in music video production , working on projects with Michael Jackson , Madonna , Prince , Peter Gabriel , A-ha , David Bowie and others . Toward the end of his twelve-year tenure with Limelight , Fields teamed with director Peter Chelsom in developing and producing feature films . Together they shepherded the Ned Beatty romantic comedy Hear My Song , the Buena Vista distributed Funny Bones starring Oliver Platt and Jerry Lewis ( which earned Fields and Chelsom a London Critics Circle Film Award for British Producer of the Year ) , The Mighty starring Elden Henson , Kieran Culkin and Sharon Stone , Miramax 's romantic comedy Serendipity starring John Cusack and Kate Beckinsale , and the romantic comedy Shall We Dance , starring Richard Gere , Susan Sarandon and Jennifer Lopez . Through Nuyorican , Fields has produced several feature films and served as Executive Producer on many television productions : The crime drama Bordertown , starring Jennifer Lopez and Antonio Banderas , the Picture House release of El Cantante , the story of salsa pioneer Hector Lavoe , starring Lopez and Marc Anthony , and the Sony Pictures release of Feel the Noise , a drama set in New York & Puerto Rico . The company has also produced Dancelife , a dance competition reality series for MTV . Nuyorican also has non-scripted/reality division , and had its first series South Beach Tow premiere on TruTV in July 2011 . Simon Fields currently resides in Los Angeles with his wife Melanie and two children .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e89a12b8c93f197c40492842b5045f20", "text": "Pardon My Backfire Pardon My Backfire is the 149th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1953 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges ( Moe Howard , Larry Fine and Shemp Howard ) . The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9adf45a27248f80bcaf304823e991f48", "text": "Hail! Hail! Rock 'n' Roll (album) Hail ! Hail ! Rock 'n' Roll is an album by Chuck Berry and soundtrack to the film of the same name , which was released in 1987 under record label , MCA . The album was recorded live at The Fox Theatre , St Louis , Missouri and Berry Park , Wentzville , Missouri on October 6 and October 16 , 1986 . The event was held to celebrate Berry 's 60th birthday and it included several special guests . The album does not include the Berry song `` School Days , '' which includes the line the album 's title is derived from ( although the song does appear in the film ) . The release of this album on MCA was something of a homecoming for Berry , who from 1954 to 1966 and again from 1970 to 1975 recorded for Chess Records which , by 1986 , was now part of MCA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2d1074c2b16b99611986f89a9b6f7f0c", "text": "Wham Bam Slam Wham-Bam-Slam ! is the 164th short film released by Columbia Pictures in 1955 starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges ( Moe Howard , Larry Fine and Shemp Howard ) . The comedians released 190 short films for the studio between 1934 and 1959 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
127fb52f82da75cec6c924b0adbd010f
Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson designed Dungeons & Dragons.
[ { "docid": "5a0db8c1ef75a2e9dad1d11818acade6", "text": "Dungeons & Dragons Dungeons & Dragons ( abbreviated as D&D or DnD ) is a fantasy tabletop role-playing game ( RPG ) originally designed by Gary Gygax and Dave Arneson , and first published in 1974 by Tactical Studies Rules , Inc. ( TSR ) . The game has been published by Wizards of the Coast ( now a subsidiary of Hasbro ) since 1997 . It was derived from miniature wargames with a variation of the Chainmail game serving as the initial rule system . D&D publication is commonly recognized as the beginning of modern role-playing games and the role-playing game industry . D&D departs from traditional wargaming and assigns each player a specific character to play instead of a military formation . These characters embark upon imaginary adventures within a fantasy setting . A Dungeon Master serves as the game 's referee and storyteller , while maintaining the setting in which the adventures occur and playing the role of the inhabitants . The characters form a party that interacts with the setting 's inhabitants ( and each other ) . Together they solve dilemmas , engage in battles and gather treasure and knowledge . In the process the characters earn experience points to become increasingly powerful over a series of sessions . The early success of Dungeons & Dragons led to a proliferation of similar game systems . Despite this competition , D&D remains the market leader in the role-playing game industry . In 1977 , the game was split into two branches : the relatively rules-light game system of Dungeons & Dragons and the more structured , rules-heavy game system of Advanced Dungeons & Dragons ( abbreviated as AD&D or ADnD ) . AD&D 2nd Edition was published in 1989 . In 2000 , the original line of the game was discontinued and the AD&D version was renamed Dungeons & Dragons with the release of its 3rd edition with a new system . These rules formed the basis of the d20 System which is available under the Open Game License ( OGL ) for use by other publishers . Dungeons & Dragons version 3.5 was released in June 2003 , with a ( non-OGL ) 4th edition in June 2008 . A 5th edition was released during the second half of 2014 . , Dungeons & Dragons remained the best-known and best-selling role-playing game , with an estimated 20 million people having played the game and more than US$ 1 billion in book and equipment sales . The game has been supplemented by many pre-made adventures as well as commercial campaign settings suitable for use by regular gaming groups . Dungeons & Dragons is known beyond the game for other D&D - branded products , references in popular culture , and some of the controversies that have surrounded it , particularly a moral panic in the 1980s falsely linking it to Satanism and suicide . The game has won multiple awards and has been translated into many languages beyond the original English .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a432142754f9325faadc372567211037", "text": "Glorantha Glorantha is a fantasy world created by Greg Stafford . It was first introduced in the board game White Bear and Red Moon ( 1975 ) by Chaosium , and thereafter in a number of other board , roleplaying and computer games , including RuneQuest and HeroQuest , as well as several works of fiction and the computer strategy game King of Dragon Pass . The Gloranthan world is characterised by its complex use of mythology , heavily influenced by the universalist approaches of Joseph Campbell and Mircea Eliade , its Howardian ethos , its long and distinctive history as a setting for role-playing games , its community development and expansion , and ( unusual among early American fantasy role-playing games ) its relative lack of Tolkienesque influence . Stafford began imagining Glorantha in 1966 as a way to deepen his own understanding of mythology . He founded the company Chaosium to publish the board wargame White Bear and Red Moon in 1974 ( other sources say 1975 ) , which was set in Glorantha . Chaosium later published other games in the setting , including the critically acclaimed RuneQuest . Various later editions of RuneQuest , the narrative role-playing game HeroQuest ( the first edition of which was published as Hero Wars ) , and the video game King of Dragon Pass were also set in Glorantha , as were several prominent fan efforts . Stafford has also explored the Gloranthan setting in the fantasy novel King of Sartar and a number of unfinished works published under the collective name of `` the Stafford Library '' . In Glorantha , magic operates from the everyday level of prayers and charms to the creation and maintenance of the world . Heroes make their way in the world , and may also venture into metaphysical realms to gain knowledge and power , at the risk of body and soul . In the more recent material competing magical outlooks , such as theism , shamanism and mysticism , exist to explain the world . Within each metaphysical system , adherents may also compete - such as when theistic worshipers of rival gods battle each other . The world is flat , with a dome-like sky , and it has been shaped in large and small ways by the mythic actions of the gods . The ` historical ' world of Glorantha is in a more or less fallen state , having recovered only partially from a universal battle against Chaos in the mythic Godtime . Humans are the dominant race , but other sentient beings abound . Some , such as the mystic dragonewts , are unique to Glorantha . Familiar nonhuman races , such as elves and dwarves , are distinct from their common , Tolkienesque portrayals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54d83e46df36bd76eaa55f293f09c508", "text": "Adventure! (role-playing game) Adventure ! is a role-playing game designed and published by Tori Bergquist in 1985 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4253533aa11ccdb290aba6136cdc7275", "text": "Grenadier Models Inc. Grenadier Models Inc. of Springfield , Pennsylvania produced lead miniature figures for wargames and role-playing games with fantasy , science fiction and heroic themes between 1975 and 1996 . Grenadier Models Inc. is best known for their figures for TSR , Inc. 's Advanced Dungeons & Dragons game , collectible Dragon-of-the-Month and Giants Club figures , and their marketing of paint and miniature sets through traditional retail outlets . The company began as a basement enterprise , but by 1983 they had grown to a staff of 50 people and had the third highest gross sales in the expanding gaming market . Grenadier 's sculptors included John Dennett , Janine Bennett , Julie Guthrie , Robert Watts , Nick Lund , Mark Copplestone , Michael Daley , Sandra Garrity , Bob Naismith , William Watt and Ian Symonds . Grenadier closed its doors in 1996 , but many of their products remain in production by companies in the UK , Italy and the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34195deb303eb660b62e1bd4bf335d05", "text": "Run (magazine) Run was an American computer magazine published monthly by IDG Communications with its first issue debuting in January 1984 . Bi-monthly publishing began in June/July 1990 ( issue # 78 , volume 7 number 6 ) , and went on until the magazine folded in November/December 1992 ( issue # 94 , volume 9 number 6 ) . In its heyday , Runs monthly circulation was in the 200,000 -- 300,000 range . Folio , the trade journal of the magazine industry , rated it as the second fastest-growing U.S. magazine of 1985 . The magazine contained articles about Commodore 8-bit home computers and peripherals , as well as reviews on available software packages for the computers . In addition , every issue featured several type-in programs written in BASIC and/or machine language . The magazine 's name came from the BASIC command `` RUN '' , which started execution of the computer 's program , presumably typed in from the magazine . Major Run columns included the following : Magic , perhaps the magazine 's most distinctive feature , was a collection of short programs , programming tips , and tricks , mostly submitted by readers . Several dozen were published each month , and they were all numbered in hexadecimal , with each issue 's numbering taking over where the last one had left off . Readers could write to Magic at P.O. Box 101011 , a box number chosen for its binary appearance . Often , a `` special issue '' published at the end of the year would collect the year 's Magic entries and augment them with many unpublished ones . This column , created and compiled by Louis F. Sander , debuted in the first issue and was run during the entire life of the magazine . Mega-Magic was a monthly column that included type-in programming utilities larger and more powerful than those in the standard Magic columns . Commodore Clinic , a letters column , allowed users to write in with questions about hardware and software issues , which would then be answered in the magazine . Run Amok was an errata column that published corrections to previous type-in programs and articles . Software Gallery reviewed various commercial software packages . 128 Mode , taken over from Commodore 's own magazine when it was purchased by Run , included programming advice and short type-ins for the Commodore 128 . Gold Mine was another Louis F. Sander column taken over from Commodore 's magazine . It featured tips and tricks for commercial games . Mike Konshak , a BASIC software developer and mechanical engineer contributed the popular DataFile database management program and many other utilities for the Commodore 64 to Run . The code was first published in the back of the November 1984 issue . A small note , written by Mike at the end of the article , stated `` If you do n't want to type this in , send me $ 6.00 and I 'll send you a disk '' . 1500 Run subscribers sent Mike money in the first month , which prompted the editors to create the `` Re-Run '' disk to generate more revenue for the publisher . A series of a dozen follow-on article by Mike were published in the ensuing two years , and the programs were exclusively sold on Run '' s Re-Run disk , as the editors restricted authors from soliciting for disks in the magazine from then on . ( Datafile then evolved into dFile64 , dFile128 , dFcalc , DFword , etc. , and sold by Mike Konshak through his small company , MichaelSoft `` A cottage Industry of Home-Spun Software '' ) . The demise of the magazine was due to the public 's dwindling interest in 8-bit machines as the computer world evolved to 16-bit and standardized on the IBM PC compatible platform for both business and home use . The front cover was originally accented by a logotype reading `` RUN '' , with each letter placed on a key button resembling those used on the C-64 . In June 1987 the keys were removed and the font became italicized with rounded letters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd301b0a0a12e142d6dd19c8747d41a2", "text": "Dragonstomper Dragonstomper is a role-playing video game programmed by Stephen Landrum and published in 1982 by Starpath . It was developed for the Atari 2600 video game system . Making use of the Starpath Supercharger , an analog cassette-based peripheral , Dragonstomper was perhaps the truest RPG for the Atari 2600 , which also had Raiders of the Lost Ark , and Adventure . Dragonstomper follows the adventures of a dragon hunter who is given a quest by the king to defeat a dragon and reclaim a magical amulet that was stolen . The player makes his way over the countryside vanquishing various adversaries and gaining gold and experience . After gaining strength , the player enters a shop in an oppressed village where equipment can be purchased , soldiers hired , and special scrolls obtained to defeat the dragon in its lair . The final leg of the journey traverses into the dragon 's lair where he must avoid a series of traps strewn throughout the cave and defeat the dragon . In November 2005 , Ed Lin writing for Forbes named `` Dragonstomper '' as `` the best title ever made in the history of U.S. videogaming '' by a single person . Lin singled out the game 's ingenuity , noting that '' -LSB- t -RSB- here were multiple ways to solve problems . One could descend to the dragon 's lair on a rope or simply jump down ( and absorb some damage ) . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76a4a1b96c0606f6585b811d64da50c7", "text": "Blackmoor (campaign setting) Blackmoor is a fantasy role-playing game campaign setting generally associated with the game Dungeons & Dragons . It originated in the early 1970s as the personal setting of Dave Arneson , the co-creator of Dungeons & Dragons , first as a setting for Arneson 's miniature wargames , then as an early testing ground for what would become D&D .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e475c766117cbe9c9db02625d8cc802", "text": "Sorcerian is an action role-playing game developed by Nihon Falcom , and the fifth in the Dragon Slayer line of games . It was originally released for the NEC PC-8801 in 1987 , and was later ported to other personal computer platforms such as the NEC PC-9801 , the NEC PC-88VA , the Sharp X1 Turbo , and the MSX2 , for which it was released under the title Dragon Slayer V : Sorcerian . An English version for MS-DOS PCs was published by Sierra Entertainment in 1990 , ports for the Atari ST , Commodore Amiga , Apple IIGS and Macintosh platforms were announced , but not released . In , Falcom released Sorcerian Forever for Microsoft Windows-based PCs . In , Falcom released Sorcerian Original , a remake of Sorcerian for Microsoft Windows-based PCs . In addition , console versions of Sorcerian with somewhat differing content from their PC counterparts were developed : A version for the Mega Drive was developed by Sega , a version for the PC Engine CD was developed by Victor Musical Industries , and a version for the Dreamcast was developed by Victor Interactive Software .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87374d89d72ef396a24e0b5ae7152d9a", "text": "List of Fighting Fantasy gamebooks Fighting Fantasy is a series of single-player fantasy roleplay gamebooks created by Steve Jackson and Ian Livingstone . The first volume in the series was published by Puffin in 1982 , with the rights to the franchise eventually being purchased by Wizard Books in 2002 . The series distinguished itself by featuring a fantasy role-playing element , with the caption on each cover claiming each title was `` a Fighting Fantasy gamebook in which YOU are the hero ! '' The popularity of the series led to the creation of merchandise such as action figures , board games , role-playing game systems , magazines , novels and video games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ea4fbed902ee8bb4edb2526e6fc3d55", "text": "Political states of Greyhawk The first set of political states of Greyhawk were created in 1979 by Gary Gygax and published in 1980 as the folio edition of the World of Greyhawk Fantasy Game Setting for the game of Dungeons & Dragons . Although the City of Greyhawk and the states that immediately surrounded it were drawn from Gygax 's home campaign , Gygax created the rest of the regions and states for the folio edition , bringing the total number to sixty :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f6c24ae89f2bcb82390b9b67e1ad503", "text": "List of Final Fantasy media Final Fantasy is a series of role-playing video games developed and published by Square Enix ( formerly Square ) . Its first game premiered in Japan in 1987 , and Final Fantasy games have subsequently been localized for markets in North America , Europe and Australia , on nearly every video game console since its debut on the Nintendo Entertainment System . Final Fantasy is Square Enix 's most successful franchise , having sold over 97 million units worldwide to date . In addition to traditional role-playing games , the series includes tactical role-playing games , portable games , massively multiplayer online role-playing games , and games for mobile phones . Its popularity has placed it as the sixth-best-selling video game franchise , and the series has won multiple awards over the years . In addition to the 15 games released as part of the main ( numbered ) series and their many spin-offs and related titles , the Final Fantasy series has spawned many works in other media including anime , movies , novels and manga , and radio dramas . Final Fantasy : Unlimited , originally a stand-alone anime series , now has its own sub-franchise which includes video games . Many games , particularly the main series , have soundtrack album releases featuring their music in different arrangements . Square Enix has also consistently released companion books for its games which provide additional backstory and plot information , as well as detailed walkthroughs for the game . Since the announcement of Compilation of Final Fantasy VII , Square Enix has focused on `` polymorphic content '' , expanding each game world with material on many video game platforms , as well as other forms of media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f", "text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "665a8076f48a605dadb4d6deb8dbb030", "text": "Prisoners of the Maze Prisoners of the Maze is a fantasy role-playing game adventure module .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c22e9dca5143c4c6d7a10504a044a888", "text": "The Adventure Zone The Adventure Zone is a fortnightly comedy and adventure podcast based upon the popular Dungeons & Dragons game series . The show is distributed by the Maximum Fun network and hosted by brothers Justin , Travis , and Griffin McElroy , and father Clint McElroy . Regular episodes of the podcast feature the family solving puzzles , fighting enemies , and leveling up their characters in a series of cinematic and humorous encounters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cba51bb45d53d8778e4876fa9436e14", "text": "Triton (Dungeons & Dragons) Tritons are a fictional species in the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49edc0e25c4d6f1b4445da248df86afe", "text": "Corporate design A corporate design ( CD ) is the official graphical design of the logo and name of a company or institution used on letterheads , envelopes , forms , folders , brochures , etc. . The house style is created in such a way that all the elements are arranged in a distinctive design and pattern . This includes dictating what ink pantones should be used in the coloring , and what typefaces . Governments may have corporate designs as well . On June 2 , 1999 , the German federal cabinet introduced a corporate design for the flag of Germany . The term ` corporate design ' is not the name of a specific design profession . Corporations do have special design needs based on their behaviors . They communicate their mission , objectives , needs , and product information -- with users , clients , or members ; with suppliers , distributors , service providers ; with the surrounding community and the media ; with financial institutions and other corporations , and with the state . They create , acquire , modify , organize and distribute large amounts of information and raw data , as well as goods and services . ( Sometimes the goods or services are themselves information . For example , The Yellow Pages , or The New York Times . ) A designer whose client is a corporation will include the logo and other elements of the corporate brand as a way to standardize and unify all communication between company and audience , whether in print or online . Scenarios that includes human-computer interactions take place through software and hardware user interfaces that are also branded and designed with the corporate culture in mind . ( Examples of user scenarios : update the Web site , transfer funds , document procedures , control security , operate machinery , plan projects , conduct virtual meetings , check inventory , fill an order , or ship a product . ) These interactions are increasingly taking place through Web sites , through mobile devices and at dedicated terminals , and may include sound , video , animation and user feedback mechanisms . A savvy designer will create designs that can be adapted to all of these applications .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ceca22cd2b613077e8f0c4f61259a5c2", "text": "Imperium Games Imperium Games was an American game company that produced role-playing games and game supplements .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd5304185e43975278a4ba17d6134fb4", "text": "GST Computer Systems GST was a group of computer companies based in Cambridge , England , founded by Dr Jeff Fenton in June 1979 . The company worked with Sinclair Research , Torch Computers , Acorn Computers , Monotype Corporation and Kwik-Fit , amongst others . The group included : GST Computer Systems : the original name of the company . GST Professional Services : a software consultancy that was sold and became OTIB A.T. GST Software Products : produced retail software , most notably Timeworks Publisher . GST Training Centre : a class based software training provider in Cambridgeshire , UK . Electric Software : a games software label , producing titles for home computers such as the Commodore 64 , Sinclair ZX Spectrum and MSX-compatible models in the early 1980s . GST Computer Systems started as a contract software development company . In 1983 , it became involved with Sinclair Research , producing the 68K/OS operating system ( later rejected by Sinclair ) and development software for the Sinclair QL . In 1985 it was approached by Atari to port products from the QL on to the just to be launched Atari ST. The word processing package 1st Word was bundled with every Atari ST for the first two years of its life and GST became the leading software supplier for the Atari ST platform . In 1987 GST developed its first desktop publishing application , Timeworks Publisher . This was sold in the USA by Timeworks , Inc. ( a Chicago based software publisher ) as Publish-It ! . This product went on to become the world-leading budget DTP product until competition from Microsoft Publisher in 1993 caused the eventual demise of Timeworks , Inc. . The product was sold under new names including NEBS PageMagic ( changed after objections from Adobe ) , Macmillan Publisher , Canon Publisher , and many other brands , distinguished by use of the . DTP file extension . The latest version was sold as Greenstreet Publisher 4 and is upwards file compatible with earlier versions . In 2001 GST merged with eGames Europe as a new company , Greenstreet Software . It remains a developer and publisher of computer software for Windows operating systems . In July 2008 the company was reconstructed and now trades as Greenstreet Online Limited .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec4fb46a66f9e271ad500af60af227f9", "text": "Dragon (magazine) Dragon is one of the two official magazines for source material for the Dungeons & Dragons role-playing game and associated products ; Dungeon is the other . TSR , Inc. originally launched the monthly printed magazine in 1976 to succeed the company 's earlier publication , The Strategic Review . The final printed issue was # 359 in September 2007 . Shortly after the last print issue shipped in mid-August 2007 , Wizards of the Coast ( part of Hasbro , Inc. ) , the publication 's current intellectual property rightsholder , relaunched Dragon as an online magazine , continuing on the numbering of the print edition . The last published issue was No. 430 in December 2013 . A digital publication called Dragon + , which replaces the Dragon magazine , launched in 2015 . It is created by Dialect in collaboration with Wizards of the Coast , and restarted the numbering system for issues at No. 1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34ecaa2dc7ab1011645d155b4e338e98", "text": "The Elixir of Life The Elixir of Life is an adventure module published in 1983 for the Advanced Dungeons & Dragons fantasy role-playing game .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f90954a21938241184d233148fd16f68", "text": "AD&D Masterpiece Collection The AD&D Masterpiece Collection is a collection of roleplaying games for Microsoft Windows , produced by Mindscape/SSI in 1996 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
4a940c1729b20f122848d5f74b847b18
Hotel Hell is airs only on NBC.
[ { "docid": "6c1aff457d68c4e6303f320a28e0ba59", "text": "Hotel Hell Hotel Hell is an American reality television series created , hosted and narrated by Gordon Ramsay that premiered on the Fox network on August 13 , 2012 . It is Ramsay 's fourth series for the Fox network and airs on Monday nights at 8 pm ET/PT . On August 17 , 2015 , Fox renewed Hotel Hell for a third season , which aired from May 24 to July 26 , 2016 . The series features Ramsay visiting various struggling lodging establishments throughout the United States in an attempt to reverse their misfortunes , following a similar concept established in Ramsay 's other programs , Ramsay 's Kitchen Nightmares and its American counterpart , Kitchen Nightmares .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "70d87d2c610dadc08f055c3bfba7d689", "text": "List of Saturday Night Live incidents As a live sketch comedy show , NBC 's Saturday Night Live ( officially abbreviated SNL ) has had a number of technical problems , performer mishaps , and controversial content . Several hosts and musical guests have received negative press due to their appearances on the program , including musician Sinéad O'Connor , comedian Andrew Dice Clay , then-Presidential candidate Donald Trump , and the bands Rage Against the Machine and Fear . In the course of the show 's forty-plus-year history , several technical issues have occurred live on air , most notably with singer Ashlee Simpson . Other times , controversial content has been edited out of syndicated reruns and online-distributed editions of the show , including coarse language . The show has `` banned '' certain hosts , and has also been accused of plagiarism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee170d24518eddab940514b7be879177", "text": "Subway (Homicide: Life on the Street) `` Subway '' ( sometimes referred to as `` The Accident '' ) is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the American police television drama Homicide : Life on the Street , and the 84th episode overall . It first aired on NBC in the United States on December 5 , 1997 . In the episode , John Lange ( Vincent D'Onofrio ) becomes pinned between a Baltimore Metro Subway train and the station platform . The Baltimore homicide department is informed that Lange will be dead within an hour and Pembleton tries to solve the case while comforting Lange in his final minutes . `` Subway '' featured guest star Bruce MacVittie as a man suspected of pushing Lange into the path of the train . The episode was written by James Yoshimura , who co-produced with David Simon . It was directed by Gary Fleder and was the only episode of Homicide : Life on the Street helmed by the feature film director . Yoshimura based `` Subway '' on an episode of the HBO hidden-camera documentary show Taxicab Confessions , in which a New York City detective described a real-life instance of a man trapped between a subway train and platform . `` Subway '' was filmed on location in a Baltimore Metropolitan Transit Authority ( MTA ) station . Fleder included cinematic elements that were uncommon in the traditionally naturalistic show . This led to conflicts between Fleder and director of photography Alex Zakrzewski . `` Subway '' received overwhelmingly positive reviews but ranked number three in its time-slot during its original broadcast , capturing 10.3 million viewers but falling behind ABC 's 20/20 and CBS 's Nash Bridges . The episode won a Peabody Award for excellence in television broadcasting and was nominated for two Emmy Awards , one for Yoshimura 's script and one for D'Onofrio 's guest performance . `` Subway '' was the subject of a two-hour PBS television documentary , Anatomy of a `` Homicide : Life on the Street '' , which originally aired on the network on November 4 , 1998 . Screenwriter Vince Gilligan said `` Subway '' directly influenced an episode of The X-Files that he wrote , which in turn helped inspire the casting of Bryan Cranston in Breaking Bad .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c", "text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3143c8b549faac8edc6681d3ea3e5357", "text": "Night Court Night Court is an American television situation comedy that aired on NBC from January 4 , 1984 , to May 31 , 1992 . The setting was the night shift of a Manhattan municipal court , Criminal Court Part 2 , presided over by a young , unorthodox judge , Harold T. `` Harry '' Stone ( played by Harry Anderson ) . The series was created by comedy writer Reinhold Weege , who had previously worked on Barney Miller in the 1970s and early 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76fbe51da4be47c008f5cd399604dc76", "text": "Without Breasts There Is No Paradise Without Breasts There Is No Paradise was the working title of an NBC drama series produced by Universal Media Studios which was to be adapted from a 2006 Colombian telenovela called Sin tetas no hay paraíso . However , with the departure of NBC Entertainment chairman Ben Silverman in 2009 , it never came to air or even went beyond having a pilot filmed . However NBC did produce a Spanish language remake called Sin Senos no Hay Paraíso for its Hispanic-American audience .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e27a7b67bce07afd97467fabd97303eb", "text": "The Law Firm The Law Firm is an American reality competition series which aired on NBC from July 28 , 2005 , until August 4 , 2005 . It features up-and-coming lawyers competing against each other while trying real court cases with real clients , in front of real judges and juries , resulting in outcomes that are final , legal and binding for the parties . The grand prize is $ 250,000 . Trial attorney and legal analyst Roy Black is the managing partner of The Law Firm . As managing partner , Black decides who will be eliminated each week . 5.08 million viewers tuned into the premiere and later dipped to 4.04 million for its second episode thus leading NBC to pull the series off the air . The remaining episodes aired on Bravo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7bf910d1454e7b310f0513a7a598cfa", "text": "Poor Devil (1973 film) Poor Devil ( 1973 ) was an NBC made-for-television movie that served as an unsold pilot of a comedy series . The film was first broadcast on NBC on February 14 , 1973 . Sammy Davis Jr. starred as `` Sammy '' , a demon from Hell who desires a promotion from working in the furnace room . Lucifer , played by horror veteran Christopher Lee , tells Sammy that he must first convince a San Francisco accountant named Burnett J. Emerson ( Jack Klugman ) to sell his soul . The film also starred Adam West .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ea97addb49c4b3716e26b125f769da2", "text": "ER (TV series) ER is an American medical drama television series created by novelist and medical doctor Michael Crichton that aired on NBC from September 19 , 1994 , to April 2 , 2009 , with a total of 331 episodes spanning over 15 seasons . It was produced by Constant c Productions and Amblin Television , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . ER follows the inner life of the emergency room ( ER ) of fictional County General Hospital in Chicago , Illinois , and various critical issues faced by the room 's physicians and staff . The show became the longest-running primetime medical drama in American television history . It won 23 Primetime Emmy Awards , including the 1996 Outstanding Drama Series award , and received 124 Emmy nominations , which makes it the most nominated drama program in history . ER won 116 awards in total , including the Peabody Award , while the cast earned four Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Ensemble Performance in a Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25605b839e0de73a8de12d7b138ee92f", "text": "NBC Weather Plus NBC Weather Plus is an American weather-oriented digital broadcast and cable television network that is owned as a joint venture between NBC Universal and the local affiliates of the NBC television network . The service , which broadcasts in standard definition , was carried on the digital subchannels of many NBC affiliates and on the digital tiers of cable providers ( through a local affiliate ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "437f4bb7f171df3746202597cf2b251b", "text": "The Night Shift (TV series) The Night Shift is an American medical drama series that premiered on May 27 , 2014 , on NBC . The series was created by Gabe Sachs and Jeff Judah , and follows the lives of the staff who work the late night shift in the emergency room at San Antonio Memorial Hospital . On May 8 , 2015 , NBC renewed The Night Shift for a third season , which ran from June 1 to August 31 , 2016 . On November 17 , 2016 , NBC renewed the series for a fourth season , which will premiere on June 22 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34b32df42479e1bc201563b1eed96eda", "text": "That '80s Show That '80s Show is an American sitcom that aired from January through May 2002 . Despite having a similar name , show structure , and many of the same writers and production staff , it is not considered a direct-sequel of the more successful That '70s Show . The characters and story lines from both shows never crossed paths . Although the main character , Corey Howard ( Glenn Howerton ) , is designed as Eric Forman 's ( Topher Grace ) cousin , the show itself was a separate decade-based show created because of That '70s Show '' 's popularity at the time . The show was set in 1984 and revolved around the lives of a group of friends living in San Diego , California . It debuted January 23 , 2002 , and the final episode aired May 29 , 2002 . Its regular time slot was on Wednesday nights at 8:00 / 7:00 Central on the Fox Network , although a few shows were aired on different nights . Its main time slot competitors were ABC 's My Wife and Kids , CBS 's 60 Minutes II , and NBC 's Ed '' . All 13 episodes , which were filmed at CBS Studio Center , aired at least once .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8df83f51b7a2fe139e810ee0e033d36", "text": "List of former NBC television affiliates The National Broadcasting Company ( NBC ) is an American broadcast television network that originated as a radio network in November 1926 , and expanded into television in April 1939 . Throughout its history , the network has had many owned-and-operated and affiliated stations . This article is a table listing of former NBC stations , arranged alphabetically by state , and based on the station 's city of license as well as its Designated Market Area ; it is also accompanied by footnotes regarding the present network affiliation of the former NBC-affiliated station ( if the station remains operational ) and the current NBC affiliates in each of the listed markets , as well as any other notes including the reasons behind each station 's disaffiliation from the network . There are links to and articles on each of the stations , describing their histories , local programming and technical information , such as broadcast frequencies . The station 's advertised channel number follows the call letters . In most cases , this is their virtual channel ( PSIP ) number , which may match the channel allocation that the station originally broadcast on during its prior affiliation with the network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8da8267e9f8fca652e931f1853ab92a", "text": "North Shore (TV series) North Shore is an American prime-time soap opera that aired on Fox every Monday at 8 p.m. EST ( 7 p.m. CST ) for seven months in 2004 and 2005 . It centered on the staff and guests of the fictional Grand Waimea Hotel and Resort ( actually the real-life Turtle Bay Resort located near Kahuku , O'ahu ) on Oahu 's North Shore in Hawaii . From Fox 's website : Intrigue abounds at the Grand Waimea Hotel , an exclusive Hawaiian escape for the wealthy , powerful and beautiful . Hawaiian native Jason Matthews runs the hotel and makes sure every guest gets everything they need . But when former flame Nicole Booth arrives as the hotel 's new Director of Guest Relations , Jason 's world is turned upside down . But Grand Waimea owner , Vincent Colville , is staying on top of him to make sure his past with Nicole wo n't affect their work life . North Shore premiered on June 14 , 2004 , with a 13-episode commitment from Fox . The show was canceled in January 2005 after a 21-episode , single-season run . The show ended on a cliffhanger , and the final episode of the series has only had a single airing , not being shown in most territories ( including America ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "407ca5c357c07fd7dd701a95a31288d6", "text": "The Hero (1966 TV series) The Hero is an American television sitcom that aired on NBC on Thursday Night at 9:30 pm from September 8 , 1966 to January 5 , 1967 . It was the first TV series for Richard Mulligan , who a decade later would star in the far-more-successful Soap .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fbc8bf81f27171c034bdfe3b7a72d18a", "text": "History of Saturday Night Live (1995–2000) Saturday Night Live is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show 's run . The show has aired on NBC since 1975 . After a disastrous 1994 -- 95 season featuring a mix of old and new characters , Michaels decided to once again revamp the cast , keeping only five cast members and hiring six . The 1995 -- 96 season once again saved the show from cancellation , introducing a new era of Saturday Night Live characters and sketches that were highly popular with audiences . This cast stayed mostly stable until the 1998 -- 99 season , which added cast members such as Jimmy Fallon and Horatio Sanz . These two would pave the way for the next era of Saturday Night Live in the early 2000s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82dac60e6d301bcef12fefba618493bc", "text": "The Duke (miniseries) The Duke is an American mini series that aired shown on NBC from April 5 to May 18 , 1979 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b58b4b10d06e81854577d3ce785be9", "text": "The Good Place The Good Place is an American fantasy comedy television series created by Mike Schur . It premiered on September 19 , 2016 on NBC . The series focuses on Eleanor Shellstrop ( Kristen Bell ) , a recently deceased young woman who wakes up in the afterlife and is sent by Michael ( Ted Danson ) to `` The Good Place '' , a heaven-like utopia he designed , in reward for her righteous life . However , she quickly realizes that she was sent there by mistake , and must hide her morally imperfect behavioral past and present . William Jackson Harper , Jameela Jamil , and Manny Jacinto co-star as other residents of the Good Place , together with D'Arcy Carden as an artificial being helping the inhabitants . The Good Place has received critical acclaim since its premiere , with many praising its performances , writing , originality , setting , and tone . On January 30 , 2017 , NBC renewed the series for a second season of 13 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2b7659d54e688d3ef3071e9d75a901d6", "text": "Gay USA Gay USA is a weekly one-hour news program '' ... devoted to in-depth coverage of gay , lesbian , bisexual , and transgender issues '' on a local , state , national , and international level . It is filmed in the studios of , and aired by , Manhattan Neighborhood Network in Manhattan , New York . It airs on Manhattan Public-access television cable TV and Free Speech TV , and is available worldwide as a podcast at gayusatv.org or to subscribe via iTunes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0", "text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72ae50a4846388c98d6145c5fb7a559f", "text": "Rehab: Party at the Hard Rock Hotel Rehab : Party at the Hard Rock Hotel is an American reality television docudrama on TruTV that premiered on November 11 , 2008 . It focuses on the staff ( bartenders , cocktail waitresses , security , etc. ) of the Rehab pool party hosted at the Las Vegas Hard Rock Hotel and Casino and also chronicles the staff as they attempt to keep the partygoers under control while trying to do their jobs well and avoid their bosses ' anger . The series ran for 3 seasons until its cancellation in December 2010 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
f6a6b8fec5389ea4c545c8c8a2573c08
Colm Feore was in the cast of at least one movie.
[ { "docid": "1e706644f948f21fed929d113695298c", "text": "Colm Feore Colm Feore ( born August 22 , 1958 ) is an American-Canadian stage , film and television actor best known for his roles as First Gentleman Henry Taylor on the television series , 24 and as Lord Marshal Zhylaw in The Chronicles of Riddick .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ad09a1c19460f2f3d3bce059ef62298", "text": "The Chronicles of Riddick The Chronicles of Riddick is a 2004 American science fiction adventure film which follows the adventures of Richard B. Riddick as he attempts to elude capture after the events depicted in the 2000 film Pitch Black . It is written and directed by Pitch Black director David Twohy , with Vin Diesel reprising his role as Riddick and now also acting as producer . It is the first and only film in the franchise , to date , to be given a PG-13 rating . After escaping the dark planet , Richard B. Riddick has been in hiding for five years , evading most of the bounty hunters and mercenaries . Riddick is reunited with Imam , the man he rescued . Imam believes Riddick is a Furyan , a race of warriors long thought extinct , and wants to know about his homeworld and if anyone other than himself is left . Recaptured by Toombs , Riddick is taken to Crematoria , a harsh subterranean prison moon , where Jack , a girl Riddick rescued , was reported to have been sent . Despite not doing especially well in theatres , the film has been successful on DVD and has gained a cult following .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a73cfa63f0dbf59055837dd5bcf2c59c", "text": "Mary (2005 film) Mary is a 2005 drama thriller film , written and directed by American director Abel Ferrara . The film stars Juliette Binoche , Forest Whitaker , Marion Cotillard , Matthew Modine and Heather Graham . The film premiered at the 2005 Venice Film Festival where it won the Special Jury Prize as well as 3 smaller awards . The film also played at the 2005 Toronto International Film Festival , Deauville Film Festival and San Sebastián International Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d1616fcb130d8406ef1190cdfa3f7a2d", "text": "Hollywood or Bust Hollywood or Bust is a 1956 film comedy starring the team of Dean Martin and Jerry Lewis . The picture was filmed from April 16 to June 19 , 1956 and released on December 6 , 1956 by Paramount Pictures , almost five months after the Martin and Lewis partnership split up .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0718a49b09f0321646c97555522ca3a", "text": "Manticore (film) Manticore is an American Sci-Fi original movie that aired on the Sci-Fi Channel on November 26 , 2005 . It was directed by Tripp Reed and featured Heather Donahue , Chase Masterson and Robert Beltran . It is about a squad of United States Army soldiers in Iraq that must fight against a resurrected , nearly unstoppable manticore awoken from its slumber by an Iraqi insurgent leader .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81bbd36b114d04ff9a4de41ad2ac0e4e", "text": "The Chamber (film) The Chamber is a 1996 crime thriller film based on John Grisham 's novel of the same name . The film was directed by James Foley and stars Gene Hackman and Chris O'Donnell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f1cf3a87ac118f615d4d17e70fa07f5", "text": "A Shot in the Dark (1964 film) A Shot in the Dark is a 1964 comedy film directed by Blake Edwards and is the second installment in The Pink Panther series . Peter Sellers is featured again as Inspector Jacques Clouseau of the French Sûreté . Clouseau 's bungling personality is unchanged , but it was in this film that Sellers began to give him the idiosyncratically exaggerated French accent that was to later become a hallmark of the character . The film also introduces Herbert Lom as his long-suffering boss , Commissioner Dreyfus , Burt Kwouk as his stalwart man servant Cato and Andre Maranne as Francois , all of whom would become series regulars . Elke Sommer plays Maria Gambrelli . Gambrelli would return in Son of the Pink Panther , this time played by Claudia Cardinale , who played Princess Dala in The Pink Panther . Graham Stark reprised his Hercule Lajoy role in Trail of the Pink Panther . The film was not originally written to include Clouseau , but was an adaptation of a stage play by Harry Kurnitz adapted from the French play L'Idiote by Marcel Achard . The film was released only a few months after the first Clouseau film , The Pink Panther .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b827afa3adae09b0162154f830880375", "text": "Michael Zorek Michael Zorek is an American film and television actor perhaps best known for such films and television series as Private School , Family Ties , The Facts of Life , Hot Moves , The Woman in Red , Camp Nowhere and Teen Wolf Too . In June 2002 , Zorek was featured in an article in The New York Times about life as a stay-at-home father after leaving his job as an account executive at a Manhattan public relations firm . In May 2013 , The Huffington Post published a follow up article by the same author of The New York Times piece , Lisa Belkin . Zorek 's son Jeremy is also an actor and performed in a 2011 national tour of Billy Elliot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd522ab5e3ff70ae6fa5174e4c04f57", "text": "Colossus: The Forbin Project Colossus : The Forbin Project ( a.k.a. . The Forbin Project ) is a 1970 American science fiction thriller film from Universal Pictures , produced by Stanley Chase , directed by Joseph Sargent , that stars Eric Braeden , Susan Clark , Gordon Pinsent , and William Schallert . The film is based upon the 1966 science fiction novel Colossus , by Dennis Feltham Jones ( as D. F. Jones ) , about a massive American defense computer , named Colossus , becoming sentient . After being activated , Colossus expands on its original nuclear defense directives to assume total control of the world and end all warfare for the good of mankind despite its creators ' orders to stop .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d303cc4ded81bc3802c8beeb0d19b926", "text": "Paycheck (film) Paycheck is a 2003 American science fiction thriller film based on the short story of the same name by science fiction writer Philip K. Dick . The film was directed by John Woo and stars Ben Affleck , Uma Thurman and Aaron Eckhart . Paul Giamatti , Michael C. Hall , Joe Morton and Colm Feore also appear .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad427ee41ccafeab086c5edc403e772d", "text": "Enchanted April (1992 film) Enchanted April is a 1992 film directed by Mike Newell . The screenplay by Peter Barnes was adapted from Elizabeth von Arnim 's 1922 novel The Enchanted April . The film stars Miranda Richardson , Josie Lawrence , Polly Walker and Joan Plowright , with Alfred Molina , Michael Kitchen and Jim Broadbent in supporting roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea3590a519cd8fb9a05bec297d1c4dde", "text": "Miracle on 34th Street (1973 film) Miracle on 34th Street is a 1973 American made-for-television Christmas fantasy drama film directed by Fielder Cook . It is the third remake of the original 1947 film . Like the original , this film was produced by 20th Century Fox . Additionally , the New York City-based Macy 's department store allowed their name to be used in this film , unlike later versions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ff144b4ac76edd1b173698cb7420ade", "text": "You Never Can Tell (1920 film) You Never Can Tell is a 1920 American romantic comedy film produced by the Realart company , an affiliate of Paramount Pictures , and distributed by Realart . Chester M. Franklin directed and Bebe Daniels starred in the film . The film is based on several short stories You Never Can Tell and Class by Grace Lovell Bryan . A surviving print of the film is housed in the Library of Congress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82f4fce632731bc2f39d814928c3ff59", "text": "Cynara (film) Cynara is an American Pre-Code 1932 romantic drama film about a British lawyer who pays a heavy price for an affair . It stars Ronald Colman , Kay Francis and Phyllis Barry . It is based on the 1928 novel An Imperfect Lover by Robert Gore-Browne .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc33d4ecc038ded10dc518897f6ba42a", "text": "The Journey (2016 film) The Journey is a 2016 British-Irish drama film directed by Nick Hamm and written by Colin Bateman . The film tells the true story of how political enemies , Ian Paisley and Martin McGuinness , formed an unlikely friendship and changed the course of history . It stars Timothy Spall , Colm Meaney , Freddie Highmore , John Hurt , Toby Stephens , and Ian Beattie .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf4d56ce4177df800bf559f1da353dac", "text": "Above Suspicion (1943 film) Above Suspicion is a 1943 American spy film distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer starring Joan Crawford and Fred MacMurray , and directed by Richard Thorpe . The screenplay was adapted from the novel Above Suspicion by Helen MacInnes , which is loosely based on the life experiences of MacInnes and her husband , Gilbert Highet . The plot follows two newlyweds who spy on the Nazis for the British Secret Service during their honeymoon in Europe . This film marked the end of Crawford 's 18-year career with MGM before signing with Warner Bros , and the last for character actor Conrad Veidt who died of a heart attack a few weeks after shooting ended .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20b3aec6e05234834285d8d9945462ba", "text": "Breathless (1983 film) Breathless is a 1983 American drama film directed by Jim McBride and written by McBride and L. M. Kit Carson , starring Richard Gere and Valérie Kaprisky . It is a remake of the 1960 French film directed by Jean-Luc Godard and written by Jean-Luc Godard and François Truffaut , À bout de souffle ( known as Breathless in English ) and was released in France under the title A Bout de Souffle Made in USA . The original film is about an American girl and a French criminal in Paris . The remake is about a French girl and an American criminal in Los Angeles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d74523393f4aa15088297bc1e553bd25", "text": "Right to the Heart Right to the Heart is a 1942 American comedy film directed by Eugene Forde and written by Walter Bullock . The film stars Brenda Joyce , Joseph Allen , Cobina Wright , Stanley Clements , Don DeFore and Hugh Beaumont . It was released on January 23 , 1942 , by 20th Century Fox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c0caf0d33303c95539763f3e9fb83c9d", "text": "Michael Colyar Michael Colyar ( born February 9 , 1957 Chicago , Illinois ) is an American actor , comedian , entertainer , voiceover artist , television/radio personality , and author . He is the author of `` A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to The White House , I Knocked on The Door and a Brother Answered '' , which was published in August 2012 . Colyar graduated from Morgan Park High School in 1975 . Shortly after high school , he attended Olive Harvey Junior College and Chicago State University . Colyar also did a tv show Homeboys in outer space on UPN In 1987 Colyar did a movie Hollywood Shuffle 1990 Zapped Again 1990 Downtown 1990 The Closer 1993 What 's Love Got to do With It 1994 House Party 3 as Showboat 1996 Welcome to Planet Earth 1998 High Freakquency 2003 The Beat 2003 Family Reunion 2004 Lexie 2005 The Big black Comedy Show : Vol . 3 2005 Before They Were Kings : Vol . 2 2005 Laffs from the Hood Vol . 1 2005 Clean up Men 2005 A Get2Gether 2008 The Longshots 2009 The Princess and The Frog 2011 Chocolate Sundaes Presents : Live on Sunset Strip ! : Vol . 2", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5", "text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "988cfc0770d4791b0d1b005ca675c371", "text": "Louis Elliman Louis Elliman ( 1906 -- 1965 ) , was an Irish impresario and theatre manager . Elliman was born in Dublin , a son of Maurice Elliman , who had fled from Tsarist persecution in Russia . He was educated at Synge Street CBS . His father became involved in cinema by establishing the Theatre De Luxe in Camden St. in 1912 . After university Louis started work at a pharmacy but after a few years gave that up to become a film agent in London . In the meantime Maurice acquired Dublin 's Gaiety Theatre , which was passed on to Louis . In the early 1930s , Louis Elliman sold a 50 % share in the Gaiety to entrepreneur Patrick Wall , a Clare man . The pair also owned the Metropole and the Savoy cinemas . Along with Patrick Wall , Elliman acquired the Theatre Royal , Dublin in 1936 . With the outbreak of the Second World War , Wall and Elliman were forced to keep the two theatres going with native talent only . This led to the emergence of a raft of Irish acts who were to provide the mainstay of the Royal 's output for the remainder of its existence . These included such Irish household names as Jimmy O'Dea , Harry O'Donovan , Maureen Potter , Danny Cummins , Mike Nolan , Alice Dalgarno , Noel Purcell , Micheál MacLiammoir , Cecil Sheridan , Jack Cruise , Paddy Crosbie and Patricia Cahill . In July 1951 Judy Garland appeared for a series of sold out performances at the Royal and was received with tremendous ovations . The legendary singer sang from her dressing room window to hundreds of people who were unable to get tickets and critics dubbed her `` America 's Colleen '' Popular Irish American entertainer Carmel Quinn also made her singing debut in the Theatre Royal during the early 1950s . After a spell acquiring cinemas around the country , which were taken over by the Rank Organization , Louis went into film production . In 1957 he opened Ardmore Studios . With managing director Emmet Dalton he travelled to the US to promote the studios and to acquire foreign investment . The studios accordingly landed its first major foreign booking with 1959 's Shake Hands with the Devil , starring Oscar winner James Cagney and Dana Wynter . A year later progress was consolidated when Robert Mitchum appeared in Tay Garnett 's `` A Terrible Beauty '' . In 1961 , Ardmore Studios hosted the controversial `` The Mark '' , directed by Guy Green , which was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and earned its star , Stuart Whitman , an Oscar nomination . Other films produced at this time include Don Chaffey 's The Webster Boys and `` Johnny Nobody '' with Cyril Cusack . Hammer Films also utilised the studios as a base for their production , The Viking Queen . The studios went into receivership in 1963 but re-opened later . Under pressure from rising overheads and the increasing popularity of the cinema and the introduction of television , the Theatre Royal closed its doors on 30 June 1962 . By this time Louis was dogged by bad health and died in 1965 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1855e6360e2ac69c0e85a03dd4688397", "text": "Ivory Tower (1998 film) Ivory Tower is a 1998 drama film about young people trying to enter the computer industry in Silicon Valley . The film was directed by Darin Ferriola , and stars Michael Ironside , Patrick Van Horn , Kari Wührer , and James Wilder .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3870e7d4923d1279fbf1b0f259c9681c
Selene serves as the central country in a 2003 action horror film.
[ { "docid": "d38cd34253e1a48af07359d585eefd0c", "text": "Selene (Underworld) Selene , portrayed by British actress Kate Beckinsale , is a fictional character and the main protagonist of the Underworld film series . More specifically , she serves as the central character in the films Underworld ( 2003 ) , Underworld : Evolution ( 2006 ) , Underworld : Awakening ( 2012 ) , and Underworld : Blood Wars ( 2016 ) . Beckinsale 's daughter , Lily Mo Sheen , plays the character as a child in a flashback in Underworld : Evolution . In Underworld : Endless War , Selene is voiced by Canadian voice actress Laura Harris .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "a9cfb5cac683d443bfdf9868b8578c90", "text": "Resistance (2003 film) Resistance is a 2003 Dutch/American World War II film , directed by Todd Komarnicki and starring Bill Paxton , Julia Ormond , Philippe Volter , Sandrine Bonnaire , and Victor Reinier . It was written by Komarnicki and Anita Shreve , based on Shreve 's 1995 novel of the same name . Resistance , with a 16 million euro budget , was the most expensive Dutch production ever . Its theatrical run lasted for just one week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41d7e4c7a15136a0e13788d9077b7341", "text": "Flesh for the Beast Flesh for the Beast is a 2003 fantasy-horror film directed and written by Terry M. West . The movie was released on September 27 , 2003 and surrounded a group of parapsychologists that investigate a haunted mansion and end up finding more than they intended . A graphic novel tie-in was released the following year through Media Blasters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241bed3e0bac452ab56840219e9b7d8d", "text": "Snake Spring (film) Snake Spring ( -LSB- Змеиный источник , Zmeiniy istochnik -RSB- ) is a 1997 Russian thriller film , feature directorial debut of Nikolai Lebedev . One of the first psychological thrillers of Russian cinema after the Soviet Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67a2ad0f2ffa77744822a05741ca6394", "text": "Gory Gory Hallelujah Gory Gory Hallelujah is a 2003 American comedy horror musical film directed by Sue Corcoran , written by Angie Louise , and starring Tim Gouran , Angie Louise , Jeff Gilbert , Todd Licea , Keith Winsted , Jason Collins , and Joseph Franklin . On a road trip , a group of actors confronts Elvis impersonators , religious extremists , and zombies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b499b81df44765b0cda080bbf940a363", "text": "Samay: When Time Strikes Samay : When Time Strikes is a 2003 thriller movie starring Sushmita Sen , and Sushant Singh . It was inspired from Hollywood movie Se7en starring Morgan Freeman and Brad Pitt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5fbd5ccb8494fdc83dcdeedf14b5b27", "text": "The Witch Affair The Witch Affair ( Cosa de brujas ) is a 2003 Spanish film written by Amalio Cuevas and Agustín Póveda , and directed by José Miguel Juárez .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74ad0349456544aad417e423faa13516", "text": "The Weird Villa The Weird Villa is a 2004 Khmer psychological thriller that was advertised as being based on actual events which took place during the French colonial period of Cambodia 's history . With a plot line steeped in psychological horror , the movie echos the styles and themes of numerous classic foreign thrillers such as the South Korean horror film A Tale of Two Sisters , a movie which features the appearance of a similar stepmother character . The film 's setting also resembled the American-Spanish The Others ( 2001 ) in creating a haunted house atmosphere , although this setting is also one common feature of Khmer stories and movies . Some poltergeists and paranormal occurrences during the climax of the movie appear to be a nod to several scenes from M. Night Shyamalan 's The Sixth Sense .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9ae0438d20fa657c87385c61711d8085", "text": "2003 Bergen International Film Festival The 2003 Bergen International Film Festival was arranged in Bergen , Norway 16 -- 21 October 2003 , and was the fourth edition of the festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65b53075eeb5e47d40d626b6267347b9", "text": "Gothika Gothika is a 2003 American psychological horror thriller film directed by Mathieu Kassovitz and written by Sebastian Gutierrez . Halle Berry plays a psychiatrist in a women 's mental hospital who wakes up one day to find herself on the other side of the bars , accused of having murdered her husband . The film was first released on November 21 , 2003 in the United States . At the time of its release , Gothika was the most successful film from Dark Castle Entertainment , with a worldwide gross of $ 141.6 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1fbb917a14552412edcc27b760b5d286", "text": "Exte is a 2007 Japanese horror film written and directed by Sion Sono , and stars Chiaki Kuriyama , Ren Osugi , and Megumi Satō . The title is a Japanese slang shortening Romanization of the English term `` extension '' from `` hair extension '' . The plot involves an aspiring hair dresser ( Kuriyama ) who becomes the infatuation of a tricophilic man who sells hair extensions to nearby hair salons . The source of the hair is the stolen corpse of a girl whose dead body continues to grow beautiful and voluminous black hair that comes alive , driving those who use the extensions insane or killing them . The movie was released in the U.S. as Exte : Hair Extensions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0aa1f817695c12a41c78b3010105e9d5", "text": "The Brotherhood III The Brotherhood III : Young Demons is the third of the Brotherhood series of homoerotic horror films that started with The Brotherhood , directed by David DeCoteau , and was released in 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a46802fe772e689a44a570054a246f72", "text": "Tiresia Tiresia is a 2003 French film directed by Bertrand Bonello and written by Bonello and Luca Fazzi . Based on the legend of Tiresias , it tells of a transsexual who is kidnapped by a man and left to die in the woods . She is then saved by a family and receives the gift of telling the future . The film stars Laurent Lucas , Clara Choveaux , Thiago Telès and Célia Catalifo . Tiresia was nominated for the Palme d'Or at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cf9a20edf7307944eedf086c4afb228", "text": "Bugs (2003 film) Bugs is a 2003 American science-fiction-horror film that debuted as a Sci Fi Pictures TV-movie on the Sci Fi Channel on September 9 , 2003 . It starred Angie Everhart and Antonio Sabato Jr. .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0cbab51c486d544e54a4248c4053885d", "text": "Imagining Argentina (film) Imagining Argentina is a 2003 drama historical film written and directed by Christopher Hampton and starring Antonio Banderas , Emma Thompson , Leticia Dolera and Rubén Blades . It is based on the award-winning homonymous novel by Lawrence Thornton . It was nominated for the Golden Lion at the 2003 Venice Film Festival . The film , centered on a couple living through the ominous last military dictatorship in Argentina ( 1976-1983 ) , depicts graphic images of suffering , such as rape and torture . The closing caption states that around 30,000 Argentines disappeared during the beginning and end of the regime .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5efdc213a48f2941314db6204e92a7b", "text": "Les Côtelettes Les Côtelettes is a 2003 French drama film directed by Bertrand Blier . It was entered into the 2003 Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f09bde3ad4adca7d0d357dca2b52a7d", "text": "The Twins Effect The Twins Effect , also known as Vampire Effect in the United States , is a 2003 Hong Kong film directed by Dante Lam and Donnie Yen . The film was derived from Cantopop group Twins , starring both members Charlene Choi and Gillian Chung in the leading roles . Co-stars include Edison Chen and Ekin Cheng . Jackie Chan makes a cameo appearance as an ambulance driver . Following its release on 8 March 2003 , The Twins Effect was a box-office success in Hong Kong , became the highest grossing domestic film of the year . The film gained huge popularity , mainly from fans of Twins .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65d588a70edd9cc6ae0f3cf2f845100d", "text": "Kohtalon kirja Kohtalon kirja ( The Book of Fate , though the website also uses The Booke of Fate ) is a Finnish film released in 2003 . The movie was a DVD release , though it premiered in a theater . The movie is a multi-genre episode movie . It 's frequently described as a `` Horror/Western/War / Action/Sci-fi '' movie , as it covers all of those genres in different episodes . The frequent themes are horror and fantasy , too . The movie was conceived and directed by Tommi Lepola and Tero Molin . Many of the makers , including Lepola and the producer Ilkka Niemi , jointly made the movie as their graduation work from Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu . The lead roles were given to freshly graduated acting students . As a graduation work , it is vastly larger than most such projects . In addition to these , many well-known Finnish actors , such as Vesa Vierikko , Santeri Kinnunen and Åke Lindman came to make an appearance in the movie . Many of them found it interesting to work on a movie like this , because such movies are not typically made in Finland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "23907fa081d502c29212a848aa72fb2d", "text": "Sayew Sayew ( สยิว , also Spasm or X-Rated Sex Story : Fact or Fiction ) is a 2003 Thai comedy film about a naive female college student who works as a writer of erotic stories for a pornographic magazine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e1dbeb9b8407673ef8045312097c9b", "text": "Spectres (film) Spectres is a 2004 supernatural drama film directed by Phil Leirness and starring by Marina Sirtis , Dean Haglund and Tucker Smallwood .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "969574736086f1e027c219810e05ae24", "text": "Freddy vs. Jason Freddy vs. Jason is a 2003 American slasher film directed by Ronny Yu and written by Damian Shannon and Mark Swift . The film is a crossover between the Friday the 13th and A Nightmare on Elm Street franchises and pits Jason Voorhees and Freddy Krueger against each other in the eleventh and eighth installments in their respective series . The film is also the last in both the Friday the 13th and Nightmare on Elm Street franchises before they were both rebooted . In the film , Freddy ( Robert Englund ) has grown incapable of haunting people 's dreams as the citizens of Springwood , Ohio , have mostly forgotten about him . To regain his power , Freddy manipulates Jason ( Ken Kirzinger ) into resurrecting himself and traveling to Springwood to cause panic and fear , leading to rumors that Freddy has returned . However , while Jason succeeds in causing enough fear for Freddy to haunt the town again , Jason angers Freddy by depriving Krueger of his potential victims . This ultimately sends the two undying monsters into a violent conflict . Freddy vs. Jason was released in the United States on August 15 , 2003 . It grossed $ 114 million , making it the highest-grossing film in the Friday the 13th series and the second-highest-grossing film in the Nightmare on Elm Street series . This film marked Englund 's final appearance to date as Freddy Krueger , and it was the first since Friday the 13th Part VI : Jason Lives not to feature Kane Hodder as Jason Voorhees .", "title": "" } ]
fever
3775996544a5563df722585a6b2aa9a7
The BRIT School is dependent on and under the authority of local and national government.
[ { "docid": "bde3a7624065eba5715ba81e25008bb4", "text": "Independent school An independent school is a school that is independent in its finances and governance ; it is usually not dependent upon national or local government to finance its operations , nor reliant on taxpayer contributions , and is instead funded by a combination of tuition charges , donations , and in some cases the investment yield of an endowment . It is typically governed by a board of governors that is elected independently of government , and has a system of governance that ensures its independent operation . The terms independent school and private school are often synonymous in popular usage outside the United Kingdom . Independent schools may have a religious affiliation , but the more precise usage of the term excludes parochial and other schools if there is a financial dependence upon or governance subordinate to outside organizations . These definitions generally apply equally to institutions of primary and secondary education . ( Tertiary education is provided by universities rather than schools . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3f652d25252bdb88603bc44d51f2b6ae", "text": "BRIT School The BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology is a British performing arts and technology school located in Selhurst , Croydon , in the London Borough of Croydon , England , with a mandate to provide education and vocational training for the performing arts , media , art and design and the technologies that make performance possible . Selective in its intake , the school is notable for its numerous famous alumni including Marsha Ambrosius , Adele , Tara McDonald , Leo the Lion , Stefan Abingdon , Katy B , The Feeling , Imogen Heap , Jessie J , Cush Jumbo , Rizzle Kicks , the Kooks , King Krule , Loyle Carner , Leona Lewis , Eman Kellam , Raye , Ashley Madekwe , Katie Melua , Kate Nash , Shingai Shoniwa , Amy Winehouse , Ella Eyre , Rainy Milo , Antonio Orozco , and Tom Holland . Established in 1992 under the CTC programme , the school is funded by the British Government with support from the British Record Industry Trust and maintains an independent school status from the local education authority . The school is remarkable as being one of only two performing arts and technology schools in the country that are free to attend , the others being both in the West Midlands . Walsall Studio School and Birmingham Ormiston Academy .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6e9e57a491befdd0f87a8593613651ce", "text": "British International School, Riyadh British International School , Riyadh ( BISR ) is a fee-paying international school located in Riyadh , Saudi Arabia . It caters for English-speaking boys and girls aged 3 to 18 and follows the National Curriculum of UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b0ee16f492b7674ee56c6c46ecbfcf6", "text": "Warrington Borough Council Warrington Borough Council is the local authority of Warrington . It is a unitary authority , having the powers of a non-metropolitan county and district council combined . It provides a full range of local government services including Council Tax billing , libraries , social services , processing planning applications , waste collection and disposal , and it is a local education authority . In September 2016 , Warrington Borough Council became one of the first local councils in the UK to buy clean-tech bonds in Swindon Solar Park through its owner , specialist investment management firm Rockfire Capital .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c2767a26249ddd914dc1b18a43aee7b3", "text": "Young People's Learning Agency The Young People 's Learning Agency for England , commonly referred to as the Young People 's Learning Agency ( YPLA ) , was a UK government body , based in Coventry , which funded further education for 16 - to 19-year-olds in England . It closed on 31 March 2012 , when its responsibilities were transferred to the newly created Education Funding Agency .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f869c279dd92afb3067030f0a54cdb25", "text": "Defence Council of the United Kingdom The Defence Council of the United Kingdom is the body legally entrusted with the defence of the United Kingdom and its overseas territories and with control over the British armed forces , and is part of the Ministry of Defence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c29c23eec38448680c520f4de3990d8", "text": "London Councils London Councils is the local government association for Greater London , England . It is a cross-party organisation that represents London 's 32 borough councils and the City of London . It was formed in 1995 as a merger of the London Boroughs Association and the Association of London Authorities . In April 2000 it gained further functions as strategic local government in London was reorganised . London Councils is a think tank and lobbying organisation , and also provides some services directly through legislation that allows multiple local authorities to pool responsibility and funding . London Councils is based at 59 1/2 Southwark Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "26eedbd675cddcab3ae649501e5f06e4", "text": "National Association of British Schools in Spain The National Association of British Schools in Spain ( NABSS , Asociación Nacional de Colegios Británicos en España ) is an association of British independent schools operating in Spain . NABSS enjoys an affiliation with the British Council in Spain , and many NABSS schools are also members of the Council of British International Schools and the European Council of International Schools . Founded in 1978 , NABSS members are British schools that are fully authorised by the Spanish Ministry of Education , and recognised by the British Council and its official inspectorate . The association regularly inspects its members and offers training for Heads and teachers of its schools . There is also an annual NABSS conference . NABSS schools offer a range of British qualifications to students , including GCSEs , AS and A Levels . Most also organise UCAS applications to universities in the UK . The association is organised by an elected committee , made up of head teachers and proprietors of NABSS member schools .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "debeb411846dbd2a91e0d984fb56ced8", "text": "Victorian School Building Authority The Victorian School Building Authority ( VSBA ) is a statutory authority of the Government of Victoria which is responsible for the construction of new government schools and infrastructure improvements at existing schools . It was established by the Andrews Government as part of the 2016 Victorian Budget . A number of the VSBA 's new schools are so-called `` vertical schools '' on inner city sites , a previously unexplored concept in Victoria . The authority has also been implicated in a controversy about the removal of trees at the request of the Melbourne Cricket Club during the construction of Beaumaris Secondary College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62b2802d7835ba0a7eb0c7d20836aadb", "text": "Academia Británica Cuscatleca The Academia Británica Cuscatleca ( ABC ) is a mixed bi-lingual bi-cultural school from Pre-Kinder to Grade 12 situated in Santa Tecla , El Salvador . The school has approximately 1,500 students in the Primary and Secondary Schools . The student body is mainly Central American with an increasing number of other international students . The language of instruction throughout the school is English with Spanish being used for a small number of classes . The school is accredited by the Council of International Schools , is an International Baccalaureate Diploma school , follows the International Primary Curriculum and a full International General Certificate of Secondary Education programme ( IGCSE ) . The United Kingdom Department for Education number of the school is 7036495 . The ABC is the school of the Fundación Escolar Británico Salvadoreña , a non-profit foundation established in 1970 to provide a British/Salvadoran international style education . The school is values based seeking to develop `` responsible outstanding citizens '' who will make a difference in the world . The school recently received the Values-based education Quality Mark following a visit by Dr. Neil Hawkes . The school actively promotes its agreed shared values through all aspect of school life . The school 's motto is ` effort leads to success ' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e21da5415e4db6432fe54fc5461b3bb", "text": "Politics of Wales Politics in Wales forms a distinctive polity in the wider politics of the United Kingdom , with Wales as one of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom ( UK ) . Constitutionally , the United Kingdom is de jure a unitary state with one sovereign parliament and government . However , under a system of devolution ( or home rule ) adopted in the late 1990s three of the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland , voted for limited self-government , subject to the ability of the UK Parliament in Westminster , nominally at will , to amend , change , broaden or abolish the national governmental systems . As such the National Assembly for Wales ( Cynulliad Cenedlaethol Cymru ) is not de jure sovereign . Executive power in the United Kingdom is vested in the Queen-in-Council , while legislative power is vested in the Queen-in-Parliament ( the Crown and the Parliament of the United Kingdom at Westminster in London ) . The Government of Wales Act 1998 established devolution in Wales , and certain executive and legislative powers have been constitutionally delegated to the National Assembly for Wales . The scope of these powers was further widened by the Government of Wales Act 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a6410faa3dde2f2bda1ac8b6e9290ff", "text": "Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education The Massachusetts Department of Elementary and Secondary Education ( ESE ) , sometimes referred to as the Massachusetts Department of Education , is the state education agency for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , identified by the U.S. Department of Education . It is responsible for public education at the elementary and secondary levels . The agency has its headquarters in Malden . It is governed by the Massachusetts Board of Education .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d23fd5cfeab2e1c4125ebec3fb23ca82", "text": "Financial secretary Financial secretary is an administrative and executive government position within the governance of a State , corporation , private or public organization , small group or other body with financial assets . A financial secretary oversees policy concerning the flow of financial resources like money in and out of an organization . The officer sometimes determines policy concerning the purchase or sale of goods and services , collection of dues and employment . The officer implements policy with the cooperation of other executives . Financial Secretary can also be the title of a cabinet member in a number of former and current British dependencies . This is the case in Hong Kong ( see Financial Secretary ( Hong Kong ) ) , Jamaica , Montserrat , Saint Helena , etc. . In the United Kingdom , the Financial Secretary to the Treasury is a junior minister position but the office holder attends the meetings of the cabinet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "804db23614d605a8722d95b6e77599c3", "text": "British intelligence agencies The Government of the United Kingdom maintains intelligence agencies within several different government departments . The agencies are responsible for collecting and producing foreign and domestic intelligence , providing military intelligence , performing espionage and counter-espionage . Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom , maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom , military planning and law enforcement in the United Kingdom . The three main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service ( MI6 ) , the Security Service ( MI5 ) , and the Government Communications Headquarters . The history of the organisations goes back to the 19th century . The decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram in 1917 was described as the most significant intelligence triumph for Britain during World War I , and one of the earliest occasions on which a piece of signals intelligence influenced world events . During the Second World War and afterwards , many observers regarded Ultra as immensely valuable to the Allies of World War II . In the post-war period , intelligence cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States became the cornerstone of Western intelligence gathering and the `` Special Relationship '' between the UK and the USA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bd7d94fa6fb5414071ee147487c812b1", "text": "Education in the United Kingdom Education in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter with each of the countries of the United Kingdom having separate systems under separate governments : the UK Government is directly responsible for England ; whilst the Scottish Government , the Welsh Government and the Northern Ireland Executive are responsible for Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland , respectively . In England and Wales , the EYFS ( Early Years Foundation Stage ) is applicable to children aged 5 and below , and the national curriculum is applicable to children aged 5 + . For details of education in each country , see : Education in England Education in Northern Ireland Education in Scotland Education in Wales", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47c8dd9cbce87d2ee70b5475f02f8e76", "text": "Everything which is not forbidden is allowed `` Everything which is not forbidden is allowed '' is a constitutional principle of English law -- an essential freedom of the ordinary citizen or subject . The converse principle -- `` everything which is not allowed is forbidden '' -- used to apply to public authorities , whose actions were limited to the powers explicitly granted to them by law . The restrictions on local authorities were lifted by the Localism Act 2011 which granted a `` general power of competence '' to local authorities .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c", "text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "140ce50be313d7ea36074a20d04d401d", "text": "Summer term Summer term is the summer academic term at many British schools and universities and elsewhere in the world . In the UK , ` Summer term ' runs from the Easter holiday until the end of the academic year in June or July , and thus corresponds to the Easter term at Cambridge University , and Trinity term at Oxford , Dublin and some other places . ` Summer term ' is defined in some UK statutory instruments , such as the Education ( Assessment Regulations ) ( Foundation to Key Stage 3 ) Order ( Northern Ireland ) 2007 , which says : `` summer term '' means the period commencing immediately after the Easter holiday and ending with the school year . The Education ( National Curriculum ) ( Key Stage 1 Assessment Arrangements ) ( England ) Order 2004 says more simply : `` summer term '' means the final term of the school year . Covering the possibility of six-term academic years , the School Finance ( England ) Regulations 2008 say `` summer term '' means the third term of the school year where a school has three terms , or the fifth and sixth terms where a school has six terms", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d86e6c88c9879eb61076a66d9519304", "text": "School Captain School Captain is a student appointed or elected to represent the school in some cases the title is ` Head of School ' . This student , usually becomes the captain in the senior year , ( Year 12 , in secondary and Year 6 in primary schools ) in their final year of attending that school . It is similar to `` Student Body President '' in the United States , it is the senior representative of a school 's pupils , and the school , in the community . School captains are mainly found in British Empire legacy school systems : Australia , Canada , New Zealand , South Africa , India , Zimbabwe for example -LSB- -LSB- divine grace high school in india still appoints school captains as representative of the students body . The School captain is chosen from the Lower Sixth formers by ballot , students vote in their respective hostels which are considered as constituencies and staff members also cast their votes . After election the Incumbent officially hands over his duties to the elected school captain on first day of October three to four weeks before public examinations start to enable the outgoing school captain to concentrate on his school work . It is not , however , usually used in the United Kingdom itself , where head girl and head boy are used .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351b1bf8aa36c30f19e84a51663ffb3d", "text": "List of national parks of England and Wales Within England and Wales there are thirteen areas known as national parks , each administered by its own national park authority , a special purpose local authority , the role of which as set out in the Environment Act 1995 is : to conserve and enhance the natural beauty , wildlife and cultural heritage of the National Parks . and to promote opportunities for the understanding and enjoyment of the special qualities of the National Parks by the public . The national park authority for each park addresses these aims in partnership with other organisations , such as the National Trust . In cases where there may be conflict between the two purposes of designation , the first must take precedence under the Sandford Principle . The national park authorities also have a duty to foster the economic and social wellbeing of communities in pursuit of these purposes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3", "text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "743a0e163da5f0c80a9d24777d439a86", "text": "Northern Council for Further Education NCFE , previously the Northern Council for Further Education , is an Awarding Organisation nationally recognised by the qualification regulators for each country in the United Kingdom . In England , NCFE is regulated by the Office of the Qualifications and Examinations Regulator , whilst the Welsh Government regulate in Wales . Finally , the regulators in Northern Ireland are the Council for Curriculum , Examinations and Assessment . Also a registered educational charity , NCFE is responsible for the design , development and certification of qualifications and awards that are nationally recognised . The qualifications NCFE offer range from Entry Level up to Level 7 . NCFE 's range of qualifications include both vocational and academic courses .", "title": "" } ]
fever
08569df8c9c7f42f3bcfa67be6fe00c4
Zombieland is a film that Jesse Eisenberg starred in.
[ { "docid": "2e1393c4a114286bfc4ba600edc5efcc", "text": "Jesse Eisenberg Jesse Adam Eisenberg ( born October 5 , 1983 ) is an American actor , author and playwright . Born and raised in New York City , Eisenberg began acting in plays at an early age , and made his television debut with the short-lived comedy-drama series Get Real ( 1999 -- 2000 ) . Following his first leading role in the comedy-drama film Roger Dodger ( 2002 ) , he appeared in the drama film The Emperor 's Club ( 2002 ) , the psychological thriller film The Village ( 2004 ) , the comedy-drama film The Squid and the Whale ( 2005 ) and the drama film The Education of Charlie Banks ( 2007 ) . In 2006 , Eisenberg was the recipient of the Vail Film Festival Rising Star Award for his role in The Living Wake . In 2009 , he starred in the comedy-drama film Adventureland with Kristen Stewart and the horror comedy Zombieland with Emma Stone , Abigail Breslin , and Woody Harrelson . He then played Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg in the 2010 film The Social Network , for which he received nominations for various awards , including the BAFTA , Golden Globe , and Academy Award . He also starred in Holy Rollers ( 2010 ) , which was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . Since , he has gone on to voice the main character , Blu , a male Spix 's macaw , in the animated films Rio ( 2011 ) and Rio 2 ( 2014 ) ; starred in the 2011 action-comedy film 30 Minutes or Less ; starred in two films by Woody Allen , To Rome with Love ( 2012 ) and Café Society . He played a magician in the heist film Now You See Me ( 2013 ) and its 2016 sequel ; re-teamed with Kristen Stewart for the action-comedy film American Ultra ( 2015 ) ; and portrayed supervillain Lex Luthor opposite Ben Affleck , Henry Cavill , and Gal Gadot in Batman v Superman : Dawn of Justice , which was released in March 2016 . Eisenberg has contributed pieces to The New Yorker and McSweeney 's websites . He has written and starred in three plays for the New York stage : Asuncion , The Revisionist , and The Spoils . Eisenberg 's first book , Bream Gives Me Hiccups : and Other Stories , a short story collection , was released in September 2015 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "4df82cf4c8ec47916b1549f47bbea4b2", "text": "Pop Punk Zombies Pop Punk Zombies is a 2011 American horror film directed by Steve Dayton and written by Brian Leis . Adam Hatfield stars as a greedy manager who brings back a punk band as zombies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "007192e4265b340db02832d099ac6df3", "text": "Savage Streets Savage Streets is a 1984 American vigilante action film directed by Danny Steinmann and starring Linda Blair . The film premiered on October 5 , 1984 . It is one of the few non-horror films that both Linda Blair and Linnea Quigley star in .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06536eefb31aa6fb4d7b0ee07e87623c", "text": "Versus (film) is a 2000 Japanese independent zombie action film co-written , produced , and directed by Ryuhei Kitamura . The film is set somewhere in the deep forest of Japan , known as the Forest of Resurrection , where an escaped convict simply referred to as `` Prisoner KSC2-303 '' and a gang of Yakuza battle a horde of zombies while at the same time dealing with their sinister leader who wishes to open the forest 's portal of darkness . Originally intended as a sequel to Kitamura 's Down to Hell , the script surpassed expectations and ultimately evolved into a different film . Though the film was not released theatrically worldwide ( except in France ) , Versus managed to gain a cult following after its DVD release . In 2004 , an extended version called Ultimate Versus was released which included 10 minutes of new footage , as well as additional new music , CGI , and a few editing tweaks . Versus combines elements of multiple genres such as gunplay , martial arts action , chanbara sword fighting , zombie horror , and comedy . Director Kitamura chose this creative decision because he believed Versus could have been his first and last film he 'd ever produce and chose to risk everything by adding film elements that influenced him . Talk of an American remake and sequel began to circulate in 2008 following the release of Kitamura 's Hollywood directing debut , The Midnight Meat Train . However , no news of the remake or sequel has emerged since 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7dcb31d030ed15ac3efcf4c09507ab7b", "text": "Deadman Apocalypse Deadman Apocalypse is a 2016 science fiction film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9a6290305110f7ac484a3135580f4d9", "text": "Nightwatch (1997 film) Nightwatch is a 1997 American horror-thriller film directed by Ole Bornedal and starring Ewan McGregor , Patricia Arquette , Josh Brolin and Nick Nolte . It was written by Bornedal and Steven Soderbergh . It is a remake of the Danish film Nattevagten ( 1994 ) , which was also directed by Bornedal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "803fcb541dd3e3736b0e88c383c03cef", "text": "Zombie Undead Zombie Undead is a 2010 British horror film directed by Rhys Davies , written by Kris Tearse , and starring Ruth King , Kris Tearse , Rod Duncan , Barry Thomas , Sandra Wildbore , and Christopher J. Herbert . After a terrorist attack in Leicester , survivors take cover from zombies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95ff1c9daeb15561589e38c2cf07266d", "text": "Façade (film) Façade ( also known as Death Valley ) is a 1999 thriller film starring Eric Roberts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb1da36a33d9b532cd6ff817e8139989", "text": "Garden State (film) Garden State is a 2004 American romantic comedy-drama film , written and directed by Zach Braff and starring Braff , Natalie Portman , Peter Sarsgaard , and Ian Holm . The film centers on Andrew Largeman ( Braff ) , a 26-year-old actor/waiter who returns to his hometown in New Jersey after his mother dies . Braff based the film on his real life experiences . It was filmed in April and May 2003 and released on July 28 , 2004 . New Jersey was the main setting and primary shooting location . Garden State received positive reviews upon its release and has garnered a cult following . It was an official selection of the Sundance Film Festival . The film also spawned a soundtrack for which Braff , who picked the music himself , won a Grammy Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c7712f27d2c1ac7cad8e3dc3c7ed493", "text": "House (2008 film) House is a 2008 horror film directed by Robby Henson , starring Reynaldo Rosales , Heidi Dippold and Michael Madsen . It is based on the novel of the same name by Frank E. Peretti and Ted Dekker . It covers the events that take place one night in an old , rustic inn in Alabama , where four guests and three owners find themselves locked in by a homicidical maniac . The maniac claims to have killed God and threatens to murder all seven of them , unless they produce the dead body of one of them by dawn .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84b006dcbe140c1f78c368b4543092d3", "text": "Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor . Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios . In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever . Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide . Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole . Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected . In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie . Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 . Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "942a5f182ba9635afb11a467158101f7", "text": "Zombie Chronicles Zombie Chronicles is a 2001 horror film directed by Brad Sykes . It follows Tara Woodley , a reporter who visits an old desert town to research her article on the ghost town legends from around there . On the way she picks up the hitchhiker , Ebenezer Jackson , who takes her to an abandoned building where she interviews him via tape recorder .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab4cf33a837d51f61adc05d8d60a3129", "text": "Christmas on Mars Christmas on Mars is a science fiction film from the alternative rock band The Flaming Lips , written and directed by the band 's frontman , Wayne Coyne , and featuring the entire band in the cast , as well as many of their associates , including Steve Burns , Adam Goldberg , and Fred Armisen . The film began development in 2001 , filming was completed in October 2005 , and the film premiered on May 25 , 2008 at the Sasquatch ! Music Festival . For its general release in the United States , Christmas on Mars was booked into several dozen cities for unconventional screenings , in venues which included a former Ukrainian Socialist Social Club in New York City . The film was released in three different packages on November 11 , 2008 through conventional retailers as well as through the band 's website . A vinyl edition was released November 25 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d6cbdb82dc427c6db7c9a2db6dc9b015", "text": "Payback (1999 film) Payback is a 1999 American neo-noir crime film written and directed by Brian Helgeland in his directorial debut , and starring Mel Gibson , Gregg Henry , Maria Bello and David Paymer . It was based on the novel The Hunter by Donald E. Westlake using the pseudonym Richard Stark , which had earlier been adapted into the 1967 film noir classic Point Blank , directed by John Boorman and starring Lee Marvin . In 2006 Helgeland issued a director 's cut that differs substantially from the version released by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "739c7204092089d361924d77b9a0f00b", "text": "Jesse Garcia Jesse Garcia ( born c. 1982 ) is an American actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7f10b26e19af5c67adc3295b66c872e7", "text": "Phobia (2013 film) Phobia , also known by its original title of Alone , is a 2013 horror film and the feature film directorial debut of Rory Douglas Abel . The movie had its world premiere on 3 November 2013 at the Drunken Zombie Film Festival and stars Michael Jefferson as an agoraphobic widower that begins to believe that he is being haunted by his wife 's specter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5447f9cb1984b7b2c6bc1e2491535690", "text": "We're Alive, A Story of Survival We 're Alive -- A Story of Survival is a story that follows a large group of survivors of a zombie apocalypse in downtown Los Angeles , California . The current version of the audio drama is produced by Wayland Productions , and is distributed through CD/Digital downloads by Blackstone Audio and also through the Nerdist Podcast Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7adb78afaad362a35469bbacf7e570f1", "text": "Buck Wild Buck Wild is a zombie comedy horror film directed by Tyler Glodt , written by Glodt and producer Matthew Albrecht , and starring Albrecht , Jarrod Pistilli , Dru Lockwood , and Isaac Harrison as four friends who must faced zombies on their hunting trip in rural Texas . It premiered at the Dallas International Film Festival in April 2013 . The film was shot in 2011 in Goliad County , Texas , United States . Buck Wild won the Best of the Fest award at the Hill Country Film Festival in May 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7ae7b11c0e0bc23eebc693684f08a3c6", "text": "Hellzapoppin' (film) Hellzapoppin ' is a 1941 Universal Pictures adaptation of the musical of the same name directed by H.C. Potter . The cast includes Ole Olsen and Chic Johnson ( who produced and starred in it on Broadway ) , Martha Raye , Mischa Auer , Shemp Howard , Whitey 's Lindy Hoppers and The Six Hits . Shemp Howard begins the film as the projectionist of a cinema , displaying on its screen what appears to be the start of a song-and-dance number whose classily dressed performers walk down a staircase - which collapses as in a fun-house ride , sliding them all straight to hell . Demons punish them in various ways . Ole and Chic arrive in the midst of the mayhem by taxi , and after a bit of funny business step back to reveal that it 's a movie sound stage . They work for Miracle Pictures , a company using the slogan `` If it 's a good picture , it 's a Miracle ! '' A mousy screenwriter ( Elisha Cook , Jr. ) outlines his script for the screen adaptation of Hellzapoppin '' ' , and the rest of the movie depicts Cook 's crazy script . Among the topical humor is Johnson picking up a sled named `` Rosebud '' and saying `` I thought they 'd burnt that '' ( Olsen and Johnson were friends of Orson Welles , whose film Citizen Kane closes with Kane 's childhood sled being burnt ) . The film has a frenetic pace , and often breaks the ` Fourth wall ' , including inner ` fourth walls ' introduced by its nonlinear , metafictional narrative . The 1942 Academy Award nomination for Best Song for `` Pig Foot Pete , '' ( which lost to `` White Christmas '' ) , was attributed to Hellzapoppin ' , but the song never appeared in the film -- it was actually performed in another Universal production from the same year , the Abbott and Costello film Keep 'Em Flying . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28cd78d46e3ab363a47b5fb40cffff55", "text": "Toxic Zombies Toxic Zombies ( also known as Bloodeaters and Forest of Fear ) is a 1980 horror film directed by Charles McCrann , who also acted in the film . It was classified as a video nasty in the United Kingdom in the 1980s .", "title": "" } ]
fever
4b2a718ec128d18689c16df59408664a
Beverly Hills, 90210 was a non-political or social commentary show.
[ { "docid": "ef425c8568665ad7b0d31498551c0491", "text": "Beverly Hills, 90210 Beverly Hills , 90210 is an American drama television series that ran for ten seasons -- originally airing from October 4 , 1990 , to May 17 , 2000 , on Fox , and was produced by Spelling Television in the United States -- and subsequently on numerous networks around the world . It is the first of five television series in the Beverly Hills , 90210 franchise . The show follows the lives of a group of friends living in the upscale and star-studded community of Beverly Hills , California as they make their way through high school to college and into the adult world . The show was created by Darren Star and executive producers Charles Rosin ( originally ) followed in later seasons by Aaron Spelling , E. Duke Vincent , Paul Waigner , Steve Wasserman , and Jessica Klein . The `` 90210 '' in the title refers to one of the city 's five ZIP codes . The initial premise of the show was based on the adjustment and culture shock that twins Brandon ( Jason Priestley ) and Brenda Walsh ( Shannen Doherty ) experienced when they and their parents , Jim ( James Eckhouse ) and Cindy ( Carol Potter ) moved from Minneapolis , Minnesota to Beverly Hills . In addition to chronicling the friendships and romantic relationships of the characters , the show also addressed numerous topical issues such as date rape , gay rights , animal rights , alcoholism , drug abuse , domestic violence , sex , antisemitism , racism , teenage suicide , teenage pregnancy , and AIDS . Beverly Hills , 90210 was named one of the Best School Shows of All Time by AOL TV . After a poor start in the ratings during its first season , the series gained popularity during the summer of 1991 , when Fox aired a special `` summer season '' of the show while most other series were in reruns . The series became one of Fox 's top shows when it began its next season that fall . Viewership increased dramatically and the cast members , particularly Jason Priestley and Luke Perry , became teen idols , while the series would make actresses Shannen Doherty , Jennie Garth and Tori Spelling household names in the US . The show also had many cast changes , with Garth , Spelling , Ian Ziering and Brian Austin Green being the only actors to appear during its entire run .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "db78e203bc4ec780312679f68b51ceb0", "text": "Motion Picture Association of America film rating system The Motion Picture Association of America ( MPAA ) film rating system is used in the United States and its territories to rate a film 's suitability for certain audiences based on its content . The MPAA rating system is a voluntary scheme that is not enforced by law ; films can be exhibited without a rating , although many theaters refuse to exhibit non-rated or NC-17 rated films . Non-members of MPAA may also submit films for rating . Other media , such as television programs and video games , is rated by other entities such as the ESRB and the TV Parental Guidelines . The MPAA rating system is one of various motion picture rating systems that are used to help parents decide what films are appropriate for their children . It is administered by the Classification & Ratings Administration ( CARA ) , an independent division of the MPAA .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "767df323f8334df5faee19c120551f27", "text": "Nothing Sacred (TV series) Nothing Sacred is an American drama series that aired from 1997 to 1998 on ABC . The series was created by a Jesuit priest named Bill Cain and producer David Manson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6b2add0ac891609f11337636b954c93", "text": "Vanderpump Rules After Show Vanderpump Rules After Show is an American television talk show that premiered on November 6 , 2015 on Bravo . The show is a spin-off of the reality series Vanderpump Rules , making it the second spin-off of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills , which both air on the same network . Vanderpump Rules features Lisa Vanderpump , one of the main cast members of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills , in the title role and her staff members at a restaurant called SUR located in West Hollywood , California which is owned by Vanderpump . Vanderpump Rules After Show features conversations between the cast members of Vanderpump Rules discussing the same week 's events and answering questions about their lives both on and off the show . The talk show is hosted by Julie Goldman and Brandy Howard . The series , which premiered airing concurrent to season four of Vanderpump Rules , did n't return to air concurrent to season 5 of the series , nor has it aired any further episodes online .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3127d2ce9db188586c949584e9ab7ce", "text": "The Jay Leno Show The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno . Premiering on NBC on September 14 , 2009 , the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9 , 2010 . The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show -- specifically , Jay Leno 's incarnation of The Tonight Show , opening with a comedic monologue , followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments . Sketches from The Tonight Show ( including Headlines and Jaywalking ) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show , along with new sketches . The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universal 's then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the company following his retirement from The Tonight Show and replacement with Conan O'Brien . The Jay Leno Show was also intended to provide NBC with an alternative to the high-cost scripted dramas aired by competing networks in its time slot ; the network believed that the lower cost of production , in combination with product placement deals , meant that the program did not necessarily have to be highly viewed in order to turn a profit . NBC hoped to attract Leno 's existing fans , as well as a larger primetime audience than that of his late-night program . The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics , who felt that the series had little differentiation from Leno 's Tonight Show . Others were critical of NBC 's decision to give up an hour of its weeknight lineup to Leno , due to the network 's past success with dramas airing in the time slot , while one NBC affiliate notably planned to not air the show at all , although this decision was retracted due to complaints by the network . Although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBC 's projections , by November , the program 's ratings began to fall significantly . NBC 's affiliates complained that the declining viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts . In an effort to address the concerns , NBC announced in January 2010 that it would , following the 2010 Winter Olympics , shorten The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour , and move it to 11:35 p.m -- the timeslot that had been occupied by The Tonight Show for nearly 60 years , and bump Tonight to 12:05 a.m. NBC 's decision resulted in a major public conflict between the network and Conan O'Brien , who asserted that the move would damage the highly respected Tonight Show franchise , and that he would not participate in the program if it were moved to 12:05 . Despite much support for O'Brien from both the public and media professionals alike , NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11:35 . On January 21 , 2010 , NBC reached a $ 45 million settlement with O'Brien in order to end his contract . The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9 , 2010 , after being on the air for only four months , with Entertainment Weekly calling the program television 's `` Biggest Bomb of All Time . '' Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1 , 2010 , in a final stint that lasted until his February 2014 succession by Jimmy Fallon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79f268545ba0db021ea9c584ba6bcfb9", "text": "List of programs broadcast by ETC This is a list of programs broadcast by ETC , a commercial broadcast television network owned by Solar Entertainment Corporation through its subsidiary Southern Broadcasting Network . Its local programming includes lifestyle , infotainment , infomercials and reality shows produced by the network itself . The channel also provides drama series , sitcoms , reality , movies and entertainment news programs . Most of American TV shows are from broadcast networks such as CBS , ABC , Fox , NBC , and The CW , and cable channels such as Bravo , E! , Lifetime , Freeform , VH1 and MTV . Several Australian shows are from Seven Network , and Network Ten . For the previously aired shows of SBN/ETC , see List of programs previously broadcast by Southern Broadcasting Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0bc7c1a262a9b6ae03ff04dbd50086f", "text": "Beverly Hills, Missouri Beverly Hills is a city in St. Louis County , Missouri , in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the city population was 574 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "089a6850d5eddd0594e18911b71e5117", "text": "The Real (TV series) The Real is an American syndicated talk show . The series initially received a trial run on Fox owned markets in the summer of 2013 . The series was developed as a talk show designed to appeal to younger female viewers who , like the co-hosts , were experiencing new events in their lives . It was green-lit for national syndication later that fall and officially premiered the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12c07b57b12648d84f747e2d7ac7f150", "text": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager The Secret Life of the American Teenager ( often shortened to Secret Life ) is an American teen drama television series created by Brenda Hampton . It first season aired on ABC Family on July 1 , 2008 and ran until June 3 , 2013 . The show was renewed for four additional seasons . The series received generally mixed reviews from mainstream critics when it began broadcasting , but was well received among female and teenage viewers . The pilot episode broke the record for the highest rated debut on ABC Family with 2.82 million viewers , a record previously held by Kyle XY . The season one finale brought in 4.50 million viewers , beating that night 's episode of Gossip Girl , which had less than half its usual number of viewers . Premiering to mostly positive reviews from critics and being well received among viewers , the second season of Secret Life opened with the largest audience for the series , posting a series high in total viewers with 4.68 million viewers ; in adults 18 -- 34 it was the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 , with more than three million viewers watching . The show earned the Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer TV Show during its premiere season , and spawned a book entitled The Secret Diary of Ashley Juergens .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674", "text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "383f683414572849c927d55424f578ff", "text": "Beverly Hills Film Festival The Beverly Hills Film Festival ( BHFF ) is a film festival in the United States founded in 2001 by independent filmmaker Nino Simone . The festival is an international competition dedicated to showcasing the art and talent of emerging filmmakers and screenplay writers from around the world . The festival lasts five days and is reportedly attended by more than 20,000 people a year . Venues include the AMPAS , Writers Guild , Chinese Theater and The Clarity Theatre . The festival winds up with the black tie awards ceremony . In 2013 the festival was launched internationally with an event in Tokyo . The BHFF emphasizes awards to first-time filmmakers . On the final night of the Festival , the jury ( usually made up of film professionals from all over the globe ) presents its awards , including the Golden Palm Award for best picture , at a black-tie gala at the Four Seasons Beverly Wilshire Hotel .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8312a68a15e05f8a230679cf28ca0c1", "text": "Factual television Factual television is a genre of non-fiction television programming that documents actual events and people . These types of programs are also described as documentary , observational documentary , fly on the wall , docudrama , and reality television . Although the genre has existed in some form or another since the early years of television , the term factual television has most commonly been used to describe programs produced since the 1990s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0", "text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0174b0f0f512029d3432dc3e9165137d", "text": "List of Million Dollar Listing Los Angeles episodes Million Dollar Listing Los Angeles ( previously Million Dollar Listing ) is an American reality television series on Bravo that debuted on August 29 , 2006 . The series chronicles the professional and personal lives of four real estate agents -- Josh Flagg , Josh Altman , James Harris , and David Parnes -- based in Beverly Hills , Hollywood , and Malibu , California as they sell high-end properties . It also gives viewers an inside look at the world of high-priced real estate in Los Angeles County . The series has three spin-offs , Million Dollar Listing New York , which premiered on March 7 , 2012 , Million Dollar Listing Miami , which premiered June 25 , 2014 , and Million Dollar Listing San Francisco , which premiered July 8 , 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9667debada837220e171b0ef54f710bd", "text": "Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f72d5d57abc102bb2fe31c32faba2eb", "text": "Panel show A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participates . Participants may compete with each other , such as on The News Quiz ; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants , such as on Match Game/Blankety Blank ; or do both , such as on Wait Wait Do n't Tell Me . The genre can be traced to 1938 , when Information Please debuted on U.S. radio . The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game , a charades show in 1946 . The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You 've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This ? in 1940 . While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S. , they are still very common in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "90ea72a560ab1a4e886473573a17f895", "text": "The Critic The Critic is an American prime time animated series revolving around the life of New York film critic Jay Sherman , voiced by actor Jon Lovitz . It was created by writing partners Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously worked as writers and showrunners ( seasons 3 and 4 ) on The Simpsons . The Critic had 23 episodes produced , first broadcast on ABC in 1994 , and finishing its original run on Fox in 1995 . According to PopMatters , `` the creators -LSB- said -RSB- they intended the series as their ` love letter to New York . ' '' Episodes featured movie parodies with notable examples including a musical version of Apocalypse Now , Howard Stern 's End ( Howards End ) , Honey , I Ate the Kids ( Honey , I Shrunk the Kids/The Silence of the Lambs ) , The Cockroach King ( The Lion King ) , Abe Lincoln : Pet Detective ( Ace Ventura : Pet Detective ) , Scent of a Jackass and Scent of a Wolfman ( Scent of a Woman ) . The show often referenced popular movies such as Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory and The Godfather , and routinely lampooned actor Marlon Brando and actor/director Orson Welles . They also spoofed Dudley Moore , usually as his character Arthur Bach from the 1981 film Arthur . Despite the ratings improving , The Critic was cancelled after two seasons . It continued to air through reruns on Comedy Central and then on Locomotion . From February 1 , 2000 to 2001 , ten webisodes were later produced using Adobe Shockwave , and were broadcast on AtomFilms.com and Shockwave.com . In 2004 , the DVD box set was released , which includes all 23 TV episodes ( in their original production order ) and the webisodes . In the late 2000s , reruns of the show aired again on ReelzChannel in the US and on Teletoon 's programming block Teletoon at Night in Canada . As of 2016 , the first season can be viewed for free on Crackle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9375a4df28e9473833829ee47c65a9ce", "text": "Social conservatism in the United States Social conservatism in the United States is a political ideology focused on the preservation of traditional values and beliefs , hearkening back to values believed to be present at the American founding . It focuses on a concern with moral and social values which proponents of the ideology see as degraded in modern society by social democracy and liberalism . Social conservatism , while defined differently by many scholars , is often conflated with religious conservatism . Religious conservatives push for a focus on Judeo-Christian traditions as a guiding force for the country on social issues , leading them to be considered social conservatives . Social conservatives are concerned with many social issues such as abortion , sex education , gun control , the equal rights amendment , school prayer , same-sex marriage , and many others . They oppose many of the cultural changes brought on by the culture wars and the sexual revolution . Summarily , this branch of conservatism is concerned with moral and social issues within the United States and uses tradition , strict morals , and religion as solutions for these problems .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35b72dd69ebd23e219706cc084e033d2", "text": "Television criticism Television criticism is the act of writing or speaking about television programming with a view to evaluating its worth , meaning and other aspects . Such criticism can be found in daily newspapers , on culture discussion shows ( on TV and radio ) , and in specialist books and periodicals , all of which are in direct competition for audience from television .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ef5b4bbc1956cc6ad28023a6f9639874", "text": "Rescue 911 Rescue 911 was an informational docudrama television series that premiered on CBS on April 18 , 1989 and ended on August 27 , 1996 . The series was hosted by William Shatner and featured reenactments ( and occasionally real footage ) of emergency situations that often involved calls to 911 . Though never intended as a teaching tool , various viewers used the knowledge they obtained watching the show . Two specials , titled `` 100 Lives Saved '' and `` 200 Lives Saved , '' were dedicated to these viewers who had written to CBS with their stories on how the knowledge they obtained watching the show allowed them to save the life of someone else . At least 350 lives have been saved as a result of what viewers learned from watching it . The show 's popularity coincided with the widespread adoption of the 911 emergency system , replacing standalone police and fire numbers that would vary from municipality to municipality . The number is now universally understood in the United States and Canada to be the number dialed for emergency assistance nationwide . At its height , the show was adapted in 45 countries ( with their own 911 equivalent showcased ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
d7c82804f33b7ee7b96cb822737897fe
The 2016 Summer Olympics ended on August 21st.
[ { "docid": "9aa63fc830b4ae1d0ce2eb7f254fd611", "text": "2016 Summer Olympics The 2016 Summer Olympics ( Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016 ) , officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016 , was a major international multi-sport event held in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 August to 21 August 2016 . More than 11,000 athletes from 205 National Olympic Committees , including first time entrants Kosovo , South Sudan , and the Refugee Olympic Team , took part . With 306 sets of medals , the games featured 28 Olympic sports , including rugby sevens and golf , which were added to the Olympic program in 2009 . These sporting events took place at 33 venues in the host city , and at five in São Paulo , Belo Horizonte , Salvador , Brasília , and Manaus . These were the first Summer Olympic Games under the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) presidency of Thomas Bach . The host city Rio de Janeiro was announced at the 121st IOC Session in Copenhagen , Denmark , on 2 October 2009 . Rio became the first South American city to host the Summer Olympics . These were the first games to be held in a Portuguese-speaking country , the first to be held entirely in the host country 's winter , the first since 1968 to be held in Latin America , and the first since 2000 to be held in the Southern Hemisphere . The lead-up to these Games was marked by controversies , including the instability of the country 's federal government ; the countries ' problems with inequality ; health and safety concerns surrounding the Zika virus and significant pollution in the Guanabara Bay ; and a doping scandal involving Russia , which affected the participation of its athletes in the Games . The United States topped the medal table for the fifth time in the past six Summer Olympics , winning the most golds ( 46 ) and most medals overall ( 121 ) , as well as its 1,000 th Olympic gold medal overall . Great Britain finished second and became the first country in the history of the modern Olympics to increase its tally of medals in the subsequent games after being the host nation . China finished third . Host country Brazil won seven gold medals , its most at any single Summer Olympics , finishing in thirteenth place . Bahrain , Fiji , Jordan , Kosovo , Puerto Rico , Singapore , Tajikistan , Ivory Coast and Vietnam each won their first gold medals , as did the group of Independent Olympic Athletes ( from Kuwait ) .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "631a579aff9139d1df6a15c59a634296", "text": "Centennial Olympic Stadium Centennial Olympic Stadium was the 85,000-seat main stadium of the 1996 Summer Olympic Games and the 1996 Summer Paralympic Games in Atlanta . Construction of the stadium began in 1993 , and it was complete and ready for the Opening Ceremony in July 1996 , where it hosted track and field events and the closing ceremony . After the Olympics and Paralympics , it was reconstructed into the baseball-specific Turner Field , used by the Atlanta Braves for 20 seasons ( 1997 -- 2016 ) . After the Braves departed for SunTrust Park , the facility was purchased by Georgia State University , which is reconstructing the stadium a second time as Georgia State Stadium , designed for American football .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7373ef2ccb4060a232be2b3848a5667", "text": "Peru at the 2016 Summer Olympics Peru competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . Since the nation 's official debut in 1936 , Peruvian athletes have appeared in every edition of the Summer Olympic Games throughout the modern era . Peru failed to register any athletes at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki . Peruvian Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico Peruano ) sent the nation 's largest delegation to the Games without any association to the women 's volleyball team for the first time in history . A total of 29 athletes , 17 men and 12 women , were selected to the Peruvian squad across eleven sports . Among the sporting events represented by the nation 's athletes , Peru marked its Olympic debut in artistic gymnastics and women 's freestyle wrestling , as well as its return to equestrian for more than three decades . Trap shooter and 1984 silver medalist Francisco Boza etched his name into the historic records as the first ever Peruvian to compete in eight Olympic Games . The oldest and the most experienced participant ( aged 52 ) , Boza reprised his role to lead the Peruvian team for the second time as the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony , the first doing so in Athens 2004 . Apart from Boza , seven other athletes were returning Olympians , with only two headed to their third Games , including marathoner Inés Melchor and Laser Radial sailor Paloma Schmidt . 21 Peruvian athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro ; the most notable were middle-distance runner and dual American citizen David Torrence and gymnast Ariana Orrego , the youngest of the roster ( aged 18 ) . Peru , however , failed to win a single medal in Rio de Janeiro , continuing a drought that began at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona , where shooter Juan Giha took the bronze in the mixed skeet . Peru 's most successful outcome at these Games occurred in taekwondo , where Julissa Diez bounced back from her early elimination to finish seventh in the women 's 49 kg , losing the repechage bout to Thailand 's Panipak Wongpattanakit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e1a16c99e5c8d7b2dc4279363ea9d61", "text": "1996 Summer Olympics The 1996 Summer Olympics , known officially as the Games of the XXVI Olympiad and unofficially as the Centennial Olympic Games , was a major international multi-sport event that took place in Atlanta , Georgia , United States , from July 19 to August 4 , 1996 . A record 197 nations , all current IOC member nations , took part in the Games , comprising 10,318 athletes . The International Olympic Committee voted in 1986 to separate the Summer and Winter Games , which had been held in the same year since 1924 , and place them in alternating even-numbered years , beginning in 1994 . The 1996 Summer Games were the first to be staged in a different year from the Winter Games . Atlanta became the fifth American city to host the Olympic Games and the third to hold a Summer Olympic Games .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f4813933ebdb2fc49affea9a0c2746fc", "text": "Cayman Islands at the 2016 Summer Olympics Cayman Islands competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's tenth appearance at the Summer Olympics . Cayman Islands Olympic Committee selected a total of five athletes , three men and two women , for the Games across three different sports ( athletics , sailing , and swimming ) , matching its roster size from London 2012 . Among the sports represented by the athletes , Cayman Islands marked its Olympic return in sailing after a sixteen-year absence . The Caymanian team featured swimming siblings Geoffrey and Lara Butler , Laser Radial sailor Florence Allan , track sprinter Kemar Hyman , and hurdler Ronald Forbes , who joined Kareem Streete-Thompson as the only athletes to compete in three editions of the Games . The most experienced member of the team , Forbes was chosen by the committee to lead the delegation for the second time as Cayman Islands ' flag bearer in the opening ceremony . Cayman Islands , however , has yet to win its first Olympic medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01bbad111ede43fd92666355eb70b3eb", "text": "Australia at the 1996 Summer Olympics Australia competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta , United States . Australia sent 417 athletes , 250 men and 167 women , to the Atlanta Games . The Australian Government had to pay royalties for playing Waltzing Matilda ; Carl Fischer Music had copyrighted the song in 1941 as an original composition , although it is not now copyrighted in Australia . A segment of Australian culture featured in the closing ceremony , as Australia was to host the next edition of the Summer Olympics in Sydney four years later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f8be77869fab748037ed9c683b109c91", "text": "Cycling at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's road time trial The women 's individual time trial was one of eighteen cycling events of the 2016 Olympic Games . The event started and finished on 10 August at Pontal , a small peninsula and beach area in the Recreio dos Bandeirantes neighborhood , located in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . The race start and finish were part of the Barra venues cluster and one of seven temporary venues of the 2016 Summer Olympics .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9077bb074ffbe5ee28187463c51395f2", "text": "Athletics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump The men 's high jump competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil was held at the Olympic Stadium between 14 -- 16 August .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "78a97d74790df743bce6a54d77c479a8", "text": "List of Olympic venues in equestrian For the Summer Olympics , there are 53 venues that have or will be used for equestrian . From 1912 to 1992 , the events took place in more than one venue . Since the 1992 Summer Olympics , the equestrian events have taken place on a single venue in an effort to reduce costs . During the 1964 to the 1980 Summer Olympics , an equestrian event was the final event before the closing ceremonies of the respective Olympics . The last equestrian event that took place at the main stadium was at the 1988 Summer Olympics though it was not the final event before the closing ceremonies . That honor would fall for the end of the men 's marathon event . Stockholm Olympic Stadium is the only equestrian venue to serve host for more than one Summer Olympics , doing so in 1912 and 1956 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dedda693cf2dc24db1e4cb5d06de5975", "text": "Football at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's tournament – Knockout stage The knockout stage of the women 's football tournament at the 2016 Summer Olympics was played from 12 to 19 August 2016 . The top two teams from each group in the group stage and the two best third-placed teams qualified for the knockout stage . All times are local , BRT ( UTC − 3 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa57cca0f6520c6d19091d25b5b8e5cd", "text": "El Salvador at the 2016 Summer Olympics El Salvador competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's eleventh appearance at the Summer Olympics , although it first competed in 1968 . El Salvador Olympic Committee ( Comité Olímpico de El Salvador ) confirmed a team of eight athletes , five men and three women , to compete in six sports at the Games . This was also the youngest delegation in El Salvador 's Summer Olympic history , with more than half under the age of 25 , and many of them were expected to reach their peak in time for the 2020 Olympics in Tokyo . Majority of El Salvador 's athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro , with weightlifter Julio Salamanca being the only sportsman to return for his second appearance from London 2012 . Other notable Salvadoran athletes featured Enrique Arathoon , the nation 's first ever sailor for nearly half a century , and Marcelo Acosta , bronze medalist in long-distance freestyle swimming at the Youth Olympics in Nanjing two years earlier . Air pistol shooter Lilian Castro , the oldest member of the squad ( aged 29 ) , acted as El Salvador 's flag bearer in the opening ceremony . El Salvador , however , has yet to win its first Olympic medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f1a2501bc0742025f6d746edd356567", "text": "1964 Summer Paralympics The , originally known as the 13th International Stoke Mandeville Games , were the 2nd Paralympic Games to be held . They were held in Tokyo , Japan , they were the last Summer Paralympics to take place in the same city as the Summer Olympics until the 1988 Summer Paralympics . The term `` Paralympic Games '' was approved by the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) first in 1984 , while the International Paralympic Committee ( IPC ) was formed in 1989 . In contrast with the 1960 Games , many events had more than three participants , meaning that athletes were no longer guaranteed a medal upon completing their event . Also originally known as Paralympic Tokyo 1964 . Tokyo will host the Summer Paralympic Games again in 2020 . .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cfe59eac09451aa79bc933957cd3bf18", "text": "Chronological summary of the 2008 Summer Olympics This page contains a chronological summary of major events from the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing , China .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "379ea897b4dce2df38750cfd260821b1", "text": "Seychelles at the 2016 Summer Olympics Seychelles competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's eighth appearance at the Summer Olympics , with the exception of the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul because of its partial support to the North Korean boycott . The Seychelles Olympic and Commonwealth Games Association ( SOCGA ) sent the nation 's largest delegation to the Games since 1992 . A total of ten athletes , eight men and two women , were selected to the Seychellois squad across six sports ( athletics , boxing , judo , sailing , swimming , and weightlifting ) . Finn yachtsman Allan Julie etching his name into the history records as the oldest participant ( aged 39 ) of the Seychellois squad and the first ever to compete in five Olympic Games . Apart from Julie , three other athletes were returning Olympians ; all of them headed to their second Games , including high jumper Lissa Labiche , lightweight boxer Andrique Allisop , and half-heavyweight judoka Dominic Dugasse ( men 's 100 kg ) . Six Seychellois athletes made their Olympic debut in Rio de Janeiro , spearheaded by Laser sailor Rodney Govinden , who also acted as the nation 's flag bearer in the opening ceremony . The Seychelles , however , has yet to win its first ever Olympic medal .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31a5b126ff401e14cb997eee4e19dc75", "text": "List of canoeists at the 2016 Summer Olympics This is a list of all canoeists who competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . Canoeists will compete in 16 canoeing events .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94e35b998c668237e7d057a19203713c", "text": "2016 Summer Olympics closing ceremony The closing ceremony of the 2016 Summer Olympics was held on 21 August 2016 from 20:00 to 22:50 BRT at the Maracanã Stadium , Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . As per traditional Olympic protocol , the ceremony featured cultural presentations from both the current ( Brazil ) and following ( Japan ) host countries , as well as closing remarks by International Olympic Committee ( IOC ) president Thomas Bach and the leader of the Games ' organizing committee Carlos Arthur Nuzman , the official handover of the Olympic flag from Rio de Janeiro mayor Eduardo Paes to Tokyo governor Yuriko Koike , whose city will host the 2020 Summer Olympics , and the extinguishing of the Olympic flame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c62bc305ad2f60a93160664777c6183", "text": "Netherlands at the 2016 Summer Olympics The Netherlands competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . Since the nation 's official debut in 1900 , Dutch athletes had competed at every edition of the Summer Olympic Games in the modern era , with the exception of the sparsely attended 1904 Summer Olympics in St. Louis and 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne , which the Netherlands boycotted because of the Soviet invasion of Hungary .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91816dc7195c24ccb681b7ce27f99280", "text": "Gymnastics at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Men's artistic team all-around The Men 's artistic team all-around competition at the 2016 Summer Olympics was held on 8 August 2016 at the HSBC Arena . The medals were presented by Tsunekazu Takeda , Ivo Ferriani , Luis Alberto Moreno IOC members Japan , Italy and Columbia respectively and Bruno Grandi , President of the FIG , Michel Léglise , Vice President of the FIG and Jani Tanskanen , President of the Athletes ' Commission for the FIG .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba93532300a7146a1e49116f3fa875a2", "text": "Ukraine at the 2016 Summer Olympics Ukraine competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , from 5 to 21 August 2016 . This was the nation 's sixth consecutive appearance at the Summer Olympics in the post-Soviet era .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c455507d5bdfd584cdde2da082d25a7", "text": "August 31", "title": "" }, { "docid": "525b8c63e844eaede632d54321dbd239", "text": "Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics Golf at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro , Brazil , was held in August at the new Olympic Golf Course ( Campo Olímpico de Golfe ) , built within the Reserva de Marapendi in the Barra da Tijuca zone . The 2016 Summer Olympics was the first time for golf to be played at the Olympics since the 1904 Summer Olympics and featured two events , the men 's and women 's individual events .", "title": "" } ]
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There are more than 40 million articles part of Wikipedia.
[ { "docid": "5f4c487e94021b27a146d4fbd5ba6672", "text": "Wikipedia Wikipedia ( -LSB- wɪkiˈpiːdiə -RSB- ) is a free online encyclopedia with the aim to allow anyone to edit articles . Wikipedia is the largest and most popular general reference work on the Internet and is ranked among the ten most popular websites . Wikipedia is owned by the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation . Wikipedia was launched on January 15 , 2001 , by Jimmy Wales and Larry Sanger . Sanger coined Wikipedia , a portmanteau of wiki and encyclopedia . There was only the English language version initially , but it quickly developed similar versions in other languages , which differ in content and in editing practices . With articles , the English Wikipedia is the largest of the more than 290 Wikipedia encyclopedias . Overall , Wikipedia consists of more than 40 million articles in more than 250 different languages and , , it had 18 billion page views and nearly 500 million unique visitors each month . As of March 2017 , Wikipedia has about forty thousand high-quality articles known as Featured Articles and Good Articles that cover vital topics . In 2005 , Nature published a peer review comparing 42 science articles from Encyclopædia Britannica and Wikipedia , and found that Wikipedia 's level of accuracy approached Encyclopædia Britannicas . Criticism of Wikipedia includes claims that it exhibits systemic bias , presents a mixture of `` truths , half truths , and some falsehoods '' , and that , in controversial topics , it is subject to manipulation and spin .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ac91420df32255433d40f5e377c81c85", "text": "Encyclopedia of China The Encyclopedia of China is the first large-entry modern encyclopedia in the Chinese language . The compilation began in 1978 . Published by the Encyclopedia of China Publishing House , the encyclopedia was issued one volume at a time , beginning in 1980 with a volume on astronomy ; the final volume was completed in 1993 . It comprised 74 volumes , with more than 80,000 entries . Arranged by subject , which numbered 66 ( some subjects occupy more than one volume ) , within each subject , entries were arranged by pinyin as many modern Chinese dictionaries have been . A Uyghur language edition was also published in 2015 . A CD-ROM version and a subscription-based online version are also available . A second and more concise edition of the work was published in 2009 . The third online edition is going to be released and published in 2018 . More than 20,000 scholars participate in this online encyclopaedia program which started in 2011 and founded by Chinese government , including some experts from Chinese Academy of Sciences . It also is an effort of Chinese governments to prevent the Chinese netizens from being corrupted by the influences of uncontrolled foreign information sources , such as Wikipedia .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74e2dc7c70b2bca22b3203f55d834dbc", "text": "Racial bias on Wikipedia Wikipedia has been criticized for having a systemic racial bias in its coverage , due to an under-representation of people of color within its editor base . The President of Wikimedia D.C. , James Hare , noted that `` a lot of black history is left out '' of Wikipedia , due to articles predominately being written by white editors . Articles that do exist on African topics are , according to some critics , largely edited by editors from Europe and North America and thus reflect their knowledge and consumption of media , which `` tend to perpetuate a negative image '' of Africa . Maira Liriano of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture , has argued that the lack of information regarding black history on Wikipedia `` makes it seem like it 's not important . '' Different theories have been provided to explain these racial discrepancies . Jay Cassano , writing for Fast Company magazine , argued that Wikipedia 's small proportion of black editors is a result of the small black presence within the tech sector , and a relative lack of reliable access to the Internet . Katherine Maher , chief communications officer for the Wikimedia Foundation , has argued that focuses in Wikipedia 's content are representative of those of society as a whole . She said that Wikipedia could only represent that which was referenced in secondary sources , which historically have been favourable towards white men . Attempts have been made to rectify racial biases through edit-a-thons , organised events at which Wikipedia editors attempt to improve coverage of certain topics and train new editors . In February 2015 , multiple edit-a-thons were organised to commemorate Black History Month in the United States of America . One such edit-a-thon was organized by the White House to create and improve articles on African Americans in STEM . The Schomburg Center , Howard University , and National Public Radio , also coordinated edit-a-thons to improve coverage of black history . And while Wikipedia supports these edit-a-thons , the organization has always stressed that adequate citation must always be present and neutrality always maintained .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65b5b222457da99469d8fe6d17047643", "text": "Many-to-many The many-to-many communication paradigm is one of three major Internet computing paradigms , characterized by multiple users contributing and receiving information , with the information elements often interlinked across different websites . Developments such as file sharing , blogs , Wikis , and tagging are media forms that reflect this paradigm ; these contrast with both the one-to-one ( characterized by e-mail , FTP , and Telnet ) and one-to-many ( characterized by websites ) paradigms . With the evolution to the full `` many-to-many '' computing paradigm , people can input and receive information to and from the Internet ; they will be able to connect and communicate dynamically within a flexibly formed scope ; there will be no artificial boundary between information and communication tools , and the definition of `` many '' will go well beyond people to include entities such as organizations , products , processes , events , and concepts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a2e634472f37a1bbe90802c5c623759", "text": "Urdu Wikipedia Urdu Wikipedia ( -LSB- ) , started in January 2004 , is the Urdu language edition of Wikipedia , a free , open-content encyclopedia . As of 30 February , 2017 , it had more than 116,100 articles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54611054fc9cfee98e5a20b8306981fa", "text": "Eurotra Eurotra was an ambitious machine translation project established and funded by the European Commission from 1978 until 1992 . Emboldened by modest success with an older , commercially developed machine translation system SYSTRAN , a large network of European computational linguists embarked upon the Eurotra project with the hope of creating a state-of-the-art MT system for the then seven , later nine , official languages of the European Community . However , as time passed , expectations became tempered ; `` Fully Automatic High Quality Translation '' was not a reasonably attainable goal . The true character of Eurotra was eventually acknowledged to be in fact pre-competitive research rather than prototype development . The project was motivated by one of the founding principles of the EU : that all citizens had the right to read any and all proceedings of the Commission in their own language . As more countries joined , this produced a combinatorial explosion in the number of language pairs involved , and the need to translate every paper , speech and even set of meeting minutes produced by the EU into the other eight languages meant that translation rapidly became the overwhelming component in the administrative budget . To solve this problem Eurotra was devised . The project was unusual in that rather than consisting of a single research team , it had member groups distributed around the member countries , organised along language rather than national lines ( for example , groups in Leuven and Utrecht worked closely together ) , and the secretariat was based at the European Commission in Luxembourg . While this contributed significantly to the culture of the project , it also demonstrated graphically Brooks ' assertion in The Mythical Man-Month that adding personnel to a project results in it taking longer to complete ; the more the number of groups involved , the more time is spent on administration and communication rather than actual research per se . The actual design of the project was unusual as MT projects go . Older systems , such as SYSTRAN , were heavily dictionary-based , with minor support for rearranging word order . More recent systems have often worked on a probabilistic approach , based on parallel corpora . Eurotra addressed the constituent structure of the text to be translated , going through first a syntactic parse followed by a second parse to produce a dependency structure followed by a final parse with a third grammar to produce what was referred to internally as Intermediate Representation ( IR ) . Since all three modules were implemented as Prolog programs , it would then in principle be possible to put this structure backwards through the corresponding modules for another language to produce a translated text in any of the other languages . However , in practice this was not in fact how language pairs were implemented . The first `` live '' translation occupied a 4Mb Microvax running Ultrix and C-Prolog for a complete weekend some time in early 1987 . The sentence , translated from English into Danish , was `` Japan makes computers '' . The main problem faced by the system was the generation of so-called `` Parse Forests '' - often a large number of different grammar rules could be applied to any particular phrase , producing hundreds , even thousands of ( often identical ) parse trees . This used up huge quantities of computer store , slowing the whole process down unnecessarily . While Eurotra never delivered a `` working '' MT system , the project made a far-reaching long-term impact on the nascent language industries in European member states , in particular among the southern countries of Greece , Italy , Spain , and Portugal . There is at least one commercial MT system ( developed by an academic/commercial consortium in Denmark ) derived from Eurotra technology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df8707c92bca70f85ab4c804075e0f98", "text": "Fantasy Amateur Press Association The Fantasy Amateur Press Association or FAPA ( `` FAP-uh '' ) is science fiction fandom 's longest-established amateur press association ( `` apa '' ) . It was founded in 1937 by Donald A. Wollheim and John B. Michel . They were inspired to create FAPA by their memberships in some of the non-science fiction amateur press associations , which they learned about from H. P. Lovecraft . ( It is also fandom 's longest-running organization of any kind , preceding the founding of the runner-up , the National Fantasy Fan Federation , by nearly four years . ) Like other APAs , FAPA is primarily an agency for distributing to its members publications published by its members at their own expense . FAPA has `` mailings '' every three months . Members are required to be active in some way -- writing or publishing -- and produce at least eight pages of activity a year . When needed , there are elections ( in August ) of a secretary-treasurer and official editor . Other officials have included Official Critics , a Laureate Committee , President , Vice-President , and ballot counters . The first two positions were abandoned by the mid-1940s , and in 2009 the positions of President and Vice-President were also eliminated . The President Emeritus is the author Robert Silverberg , who was the last serving President and who has been an active member of FAPA longer than any other current member . When necessary , a teller for the annual officer elections is appointed by the secretary-treasurer . FAPA 's original constitutional limit was 50 members to accommodate publishers using hectographs . There were 21 members listed on the roster of the first mailing in August 1937 ; it took until the November 1938 mailing to fill the 50-member roster . The membership limit was raised to 65 in 1943 and has remained at that level ever since . The early years of FAPA were stormy with party politics and sociological feuds ( as recounted in the late Jack Speer 's pioneering fan history , Up to Now ) . In 1947 , Speer reformed the constitution , and the Insurgents quashed the last inactive OE , Elmer Perdue . Since then official troubles have mostly not disturbed FAPA , and red tape has been held to a minimum . The constitution was again revised in 1958 ( also by Speer ) to incorporate amendments , bylaws , and practices adopted since 1947 . Another major revision occurred in 2001 under the oversight of Robert Lichtman ( Secretary-Treasurer since 1986 and still holding that office ) , clarifying and conforming constitutional requirements with actual practice . During the 1950s and 1960s FAPA was so popular and membership so sought after that the waiting list grew to monumental proportions , for a period of time exceeding the number of membership slots on the FAPA roster . A waiting list fee was instituted to cover the cost of sending the Fantasy Amateur to so many fans awaiting membership , and a requirement that waiting listers periodically acknowledge receipt of the Fantasy Amateur was begun in order to weed out those who lost interest during the long wait . By the '70s the waiting list became much smaller , and in recent years ( since the mid 1990s ) has disappeared altogether . Additionally , the number of members has also shrunk as existing members died or otherwise dropped off the roster . As of May 2016 , there were 23 active participants ( including one joint membership ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cc9d349272fee3e1977a7d1487a91e11", "text": "Arabic Wikipedia The Arabic Wikipedia ( ويكيبيديا العربية Wīkībīdyā al-ʿArabiyya or ويكيبيديا ، الموسوعة الحرة Wīkībīdyā , al-Mawsūʿa al-Ḥurra ) is the Arabic language version of Wikipedia . It started on 9 July 2003 . As of March 2017 , it has over 500,000 articles , 1,200,000 registered users and over 29,000 images and it is the 19th largest edition of Wikipedia by article count ; it was the first Semitic language to exceed 100,000 articles . The design of the Arabic Wikipedia differs somewhat from other Wikipedias . Most notably , since Arabic is written right-to-left , the location of links is a mirror image of those Wikipedias in languages written left-to-right . Prior to Wikipedia 's update to MediaWiki 1.16 , Arabic Wikipedia had a default page background of the site inspired by Arabic/Islamic tiling or ornament styles . Switching from MediaWiki 's new default Vector layout to the original MonoBook layout may restore this page background .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce5f4516bd0be17be6c24d0ba9a9d519", "text": "Wiki-PR editing of Wikipedia Wiki-PR is a consulting firm that formerly marketed the ability to edit Wikipedia by '' ... directly edit -LSB- ing -RSB- your page using our network of established Wikipedia editors and admin -LSB- s -RSB- . '' It was then banned , including all of its employees , contractors , and owners , by the Wikipedia community for unethical editing . Despite the ban , the firm still markets its ability to advise clients on how to interact with the Wikipedia community . The company gained media attention in 2013 after a sockpuppet investigation related to the company resulted in more than 250 Wikipedia user accounts being blocked or banned . The Wikimedia Foundation changed its terms of use in the wake of the investigation , requiring anyone paid to edit Wikipedia to openly disclose their affiliations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "413e1c0eee651952fe84a8f40df7e182", "text": "Encyclopaedia Islamica The Encyclopedia Islamica is a new encyclopedia on Islamic and Iranian studies published by Brill , comprising a projected 16-volume translation of selected articles from the new Persian Dā ` erat-ol-Ma ' āref-e Bozorg-e Eslāmi ( دائرةالمعارف بزرگ اسلامی , `` The Great Islamic Encyclopaedia '' ) , supplemented by additional articles written in English by scholars affiliated with the Institute of Ismaili Studies . The Persian-language project has been led by Kazem Mousavi-Bojnourdi since 1983 , when the Center for the Great Islamic Encyclopaedia was established in Teheran for the purpose of constituting a scientific committee to oversee its creation . The project , which provides comprehensive coverage of Shia Islam has sparked considerable interest in the Islamic world and is being consulted by many Persian-speaking scholars of Islamic studies . As of 2016 , the encyclopedia is at the ninth letter of the Persian alphabet and its 22nd completed volume . Brill 's Encyclopedia Islamica , which is edited by Farhad Daftary and Wilferd Madelung , is currently at its fifth volume . It was begun in 2008 and is expected to be completed in 2023 . It is intended for advanced graduate students and scholars who require meticulous documentation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a040a01a214f234fe1b6c49dc9c3aa5", "text": "Prospect (magazine) Prospect is a monthly British general interest magazine , specialising in politics , economics and current affairs . Topics include British , European , and US politics , social issues , art , literature , cinema , science , the media , history , philosophy , and psychology . It features a mixture of lengthy analytic articles , first-person reportage , one-page columns , and shorter , quirky items . Notable features of the magazine include head-to-head debates between two writers with opposing views on a subject ; roundtable discussions , in which a series of experts with varying views on a given topic meet for a discussion , an edited transcript of which is published in the magazine ; and interviews with major political and cultural figures ( recent examples include Orhan Pamuk , Paul Wolfowitz , and Hilary Mantel ) . The magazine prizes independence over ideology and its articles and authors span the political spectrum . In recent years the magazine 's founding editor , David Goodhart , has stirred controversy with a series of articles arguing that the increasing diversity of the United Kingdom may weaken the bonds of solidarity on which the welfare state depends . The debate fed into the broader discussions of `` Britishness '' that have become increasingly common in the public sphere . Contributors include Lionel Shriver , A. C. Grayling , Gordon Brown , Mohamed ElBaradei , Michael Lind , Michael Ignatieff , Geoff Dyer , Francis Fukuyama , Roger Scruton , Andrew Marr , John Kay , and J. M. Coetzee . Prospect received worldwide attention in October 2005 when it published its list of the world 's top 100 public intellectuals , which included Noam Chomsky , Umberto Eco , Richard Dawkins , Steven Pinker and Christopher Hitchens . The magazine asked readers to vote for their top intellectual from the longlist ; Chomsky was the eventual winner . Subsequent lists have continued to attract attention . Dawkins claimed the top spot in 2013 . In August 2009 in a roundtable interview in Prospect , Adair Turner supported the idea of new global taxes on financial transactions , warning that a `` swollen '' financial sector paying excessive salaries has grown too big for society . Lord Turner 's suggestion that a `` Tobin tax '' - named after the economist James Tobin -- should be considered for financial transactions reverberated around the world . Prospect has also attempted to revitalise the art of the short story in Britain , by publishing the winning story of the Royal Society of Literature 's V.S. Pritchett Memorial Prize since 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e39d380ac8ea31ea73880308defa2d", "text": "Retention period The retention period of information is an aspect of records and information management ( RIM ) and the records life cycle . It identifies the duration of time for which the information should be maintained or `` retained '' , irrespective of format ( paper , electronic , or other ) . Retention periods vary on different types of information , based on content and a variety of other factors including : internal organizational need , regulatory requirements for inspection or audit , legal statutes of limitation , involvement in litigation , taxation and financial reporting needs , as well as other factors as defined by local , regional , state , national and/or international governing entities . Once an applicable retention period has elapsed for a given type or series of information , and all holds/moratoriums have been released , the information is typically destroyed using an approved and effective destruction method , which renders the information completely and irreversibly unusable via any means . Information with historical value beyond its `` usable value '' may be accessioned to the custody of an archive organization for permanent or extended long-term preservation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5acbb08557d84f4dff22e9fa8477fcd", "text": "National Digital Newspaper Program The National Digital Newspaper Program is a joint project between the National Endowment for the Humanities and the Library of Congress to create and maintain a publicly available , online digital archive of historically significant newspapers published in the United States between 1836 and 1922 . Additionally , the program will make available bibliographic records and holdings information for some 140,000 newspaper titles from the 17th century to the present . Further , it will include scope notes and encyclopedia-style entries discussing the historical significance of specific newspapers . Added content will also include contextually relevant historical information . `` One organization within each U.S. state or territory will receive an award to collaborate with relevant state partners in this effort . '' In March 2007 more than 226,000 pages of newspapers from California , Florida , Kentucky , New York , Utah , Virginia and the District of Columbia published between 1900 and 1910 were put online at a fully searchable site called `` Chronicling America . '' As of December 2007 , the total number of pages is about 413,000 . This further expanded to be 1 million pages in 2009 . Funding through the National Endowment for the Humanities is carried out through their `` We The People '' initiative .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43722251b197bf7983791f822e6227af", "text": "Sahapedia Sahapedia is an open online multimedia knowledge resource -LSB- i -RSB- on the arts , cultures and histories of India ( and broadly , South Asia ) based on both curated and crowd-sourced content . ` Saha ' ( Sanskrit for ` together with ' ) , is an invitation to explore together the richness of the cultural landscape . On the Sahapedia portal people can read articles , watch videos , listen to interviews , and browse image galleries . Users can also explore historic sites and natural spaces through virtual walks , timelines and interactive maps . -LSB- ii -RSB- It is both a resource and a platform in that registered users may log into a personal work space from where they can submit material for curation and form communities of interest . It is also an online archive that hosts a library , cultural events calendar and news . History Sahapedia was registered as a not-for-profit Society in June 2011 under the Societies Act of 1860 . S. Ramadorai ( Former Vice Chairman , Tata Consultancy Services , and Chairman , National Skills Development Agency ) is the President and mentor of Sahapedia . Sudha Gopalakrishnan ( Founder Director , 2003 -- 07 , National Mission for Manuscripts , Government of India and UNESCO-empanelled expert on intangible cultural heritage ) is the Vice President and Executive Director of Sahapedia . The organization is guided by a panel of advisors who are eminent scholars and experts . Since the inception of the project in 2010 , a qualified team of researchers and designers based in New Delhi has been working to develop Sahapedia . The team has established the conceptual , design and legal framework of the project . Sahapedia has had an active online presence for the last three years , and it has received positive feedback from users . Based on this , information architecture and development experts worked together to build Sahapedia 's unique technology platform , which was launched on April 23 , 2016 . -LSB- i -RSB- Vision Sahapedia 's goals are to inform , educate and act . It aims to foster knowledge , encourage engagement and generate action towards understanding and revitalising the diverse aspects of Indian culture . It envisions itself as an open resource which facilitates conversations between scholars and students , artists and enthusiasts , and serves as a platform for independent researchers and collectors . The encyclopedia seeks to make the best use of the digital medium 's potential for cross-referencing across domains and subjects , encouraging non-linear exploration that illuminates new connections and new ramifications . It also integrates activities and services including research , documentation , digitisation and conservation . -LSB- i -RSB- Mission The organization is working on areas like developing a digital library ( monographs , out-of-print scholarly work , old journals , unpublished reports ) ; linking with online archives of texts , recordings , translation ; curating material that makes tourism more meaningful , creating resources for education responsive to local histories and needs , developing scholarly resources ( editing online journals , teaching old scripts online ) , and making the best use of digital interactives to explain formal techniques in fields such as music , architecture , textile , etc. . The idea is to create ` a movement for engaging with culture , as the collective legacy of people , by encouraging local documentation and upload on Sahapedia . ' -LSB- i -RSB- Work The core of Sahapedia is the encyclopedia that addresses ten domains : the areas covered come under the categories of Knowledge Traditions , Visual and Material Arts , Performing Arts , Literature and Languages , Practices and Rituals , Histories , Institutions , People , and Natural Environment . The research and editorial team identify subjects for the encyclopaedia , visit libraries and consult experts to arrive at an outline for its treatment , write to scholars for articles or request them for interviews , go on field visits for documentation and compile links to online resources and suggestions for further reading . Sahapedia also works with affiliates who are experts in their field and can curate modules that cover various aspects of a particular subject . Ongoing Projects Oral history : Documents interactions with artists , scholars and practitioners . The project also records performances , events , activities , lectures , demonstrations and seminars . Library : Makes available archival material relating to history , literature , music and the performing arts under the Creative Share-alike License . Built heritage : Documents heritage sites and spaces in India with a view to covering both academic studies and experiential accounts . Maps project : Encourages people to participate in the cultural mapping of India and South Asia by marking cultural sites , forms , practices and events in their areas . Heritage education : It has partnered in the Heritage Education efforts of the Central Board of Secondary Education involving 12,900 schools , by creating an interactive web resource for children on the CBSE website . -LSB- i -RSB- Besides , the collaboratively-created encyclopedia database will be available as an offline tool for distance and rural education . Institutional collaborations : Sahapedia is in partnership with numerous national and international organisations with regard to specific projects . Collaborations have been forged with the Ministry of Culture , Rashtrapati Bhavan , Archaeological Survey of India , the Indian Institute of Advanced Studies , National School of Drama , the National Centre for the Performing Arts and the International Information Networking Centre for Intangible Cultural Heritage in the Asia-Pacific Region , UNESCO . -LSB- ii -RSB- External Links Sahapedia.org , Official website Youtube , Facebook , Twitter , Instagram", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1f6a25ed9b9d1a82df17ad234a5f96d", "text": "Big data Big data is a term for data sets that are so large or complex that traditional data processing application software is inadequate to deal with them . Challenges include capture , storage , analysis , data curation , search , sharing , transfer , visualization , querying , updating and information privacy . The term `` big data '' often refers simply to the use of predictive analytics , user behavior analytics , or certain other advanced data analytics methods that extract value from data , and seldom to a particular size of data set . `` There is little doubt that the quantities of data now available are indeed large , but that 's not the most relevant characteristic of this new data ecosystem . '' Analysis of data sets can find new correlations to `` spot business trends , prevent diseases , combat crime and so on . '' Scientists , business executives , practitioners of medicine , advertising and governments alike regularly meet difficulties with large data-sets in areas including Internet search , fintech , urban informatics , and business informatics . Scientists encounter limitations in e-Science work , including meteorology , genomics , connectomics , complex physics simulations , biology and environmental research . Data sets grow rapidly - in part because they are increasingly gathered by cheap and numerous information-sensing Internet of things devices such as mobile devices , aerial ( remote sensing ) , software logs , cameras , microphones , radio-frequency identification ( RFID ) readers and wireless sensor networks . The world 's technological per-capita capacity to store information has roughly doubled every 40 months since the 1980s ; , every day 2.5 exabytes ( 2.5 × 1018 ) of data are generated . One question for large enterprises is determining who should own big-data initiatives that affect the entire organization . Relational database management systems and desktop statistics - and visualization-packages often have difficulty handling big data . The work may require `` massively parallel software running on tens , hundreds , or even thousands of servers '' . What counts as `` big data '' varies depending on the capabilities of the users and their tools , and expanding capabilities make big data a moving target . `` For some organizations , facing hundreds of gigabytes of data for the first time may trigger a need to reconsider data management options . For others , it may take tens or hundreds of terabytes before data size becomes a significant consideration . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a87520651c5602de8b749df7ebd2264", "text": "Japanese Wikipedia The is the Japanese-language edition of Wikipedia , a free , open-content encyclopedia . Started on 11 May 2001 , the edition attained the 200,000 article mark in April 2006 and the 500,000 article mark in June 2008 . As of , it has over articles . In April 2016 , the project had 4,192 active editors who made at least five edits in that month , ranking fourth behind the English , Spanish and Russian editions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6116f0bd79b0cce5fc80164ef3f716ee", "text": "WikiLosRíos WikiLosRios is a Spanish-language wiki-based Web encyclopedia project about Los Ríos Region in Chile . The scope of WikiLosRios is limited to subjects related to Los Ríos Region . WikiLosRios has twice organized an article contest among secondary school students called `` Construyendo Región '' ( Building a region ) . The last contest was won by a student from Panguipulli with the article `` Sendero del Jabalí '' ( Path of the Wildboar ) . In 2008 Jimmy Wales met the coordinators of WikiLosRios , Joaquín Barañao and Roberto Munita . Wales reportedly showed great interest in the local character of the encyclopedia . WikiLosRios was started in 2007 by Senator Andrés Allamand who currently is the main sponsor of the website . In the words of Andrés Allamand WikiLosRios was created to `` put at disposal of all the inhabitants of the region , Chile , and why not , the world , a truthful information that is agile and collective about the process of creation of this region and its reality . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0c705b6afa09ec49c3a7597d61d9dbb1", "text": "Samogitian Wikipedia Samogitian Wikipedia ( Žemaitėška Vikipedėjė ) is a section of Wikipedia in Samogitian language . This section of Wikipedia was founded in 2006 by initiative of Zords Davini ( Arnas Udovičius ) . It has over 15,000 articles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fe308342e11edc73653749c354a1b876", "text": "Lecture A lecture ( from the French ` lecture ' , meaning ` reading ' -LSB- process -RSB- ) is an oral presentation intended to present information or teach people about a particular subject , for example by a university or college teacher . Lectures are used to convey critical information , history , background , theories , and equations . A politician 's speech , a minister 's sermon , or even a businessman 's sales presentation may be similar in form to a lecture . Usually the lecturer will stand at the front of the room and recite information relevant to the lecture 's content . Though lectures are much criticised as a teaching method , universities have not yet found practical alternative teaching methods for the large majority of their courses . Critics point out that lecturing is mainly a one-way method of communication that does not involve significant audience participation but relies upon passive learning . Therefore , lecturing is often contrasted to active learning . Lectures delivered by talented speakers can be highly stimulating ; at the very least , lectures have survived in academia as a quick , cheap , and efficient way of introducing large numbers of students to a particular field of study . Lectures have a significant role outside the classroom , as well . Academic and scientific awards routinely include a lecture as part of the honor , and academic conferences often center on `` keynote addresses '' , i.e. , lectures . The public lecture has a long history in the sciences and in social movements . Union halls , for instance , historically have hosted numerous free and public lectures on a wide variety of matters . Similarly , churches , community centers , libraries , museums , and other organizations have hosted lectures in furtherance of their missions or their constituents ' interests . Lectures represent a continuation of oral tradition in contrast to textual communication in books and other media . Lectures may be considered a type of grey literature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57cf26ee2042983ba014c954ee092549", "text": "Webometrics The science of webometrics ( also cybermetrics ) tries to measure the World Wide Web to get knowledge about the number and types of hyperlinks , structure of the World Wide Web and usage patterns . According to Björneborn and Ingwersen ( 2004 ) , the definition of webometrics is `` the study of the quantitative aspects of the construction and use of information resources , structures and technologies on the Web drawing on bibliometric and informetric approaches . '' The term webometrics was first coined by Almind and Ingwersen ( 1997 ) . A second definition of webometrics has also been introduced , `` the study of web-based content with primarily quantitative methods for social science research goals using techniques that are not specific to one field of study '' ( Thelwall , 2009 ) , which emphasizes the development of applied methods for use in the wider social sciences . The purpose of this alternative definition was to help publicize appropriate methods outside of the information science discipline rather than to replace the original definition within information science . Similar scientific fields are Bibliometrics , Informetrics , Scientometrics , Virtual ethnography , and Web mining . One relatively straightforward measure is the `` Web Impact Factor '' ( WIF ) introduced by Ingwersen ( 1998 ) . The WIF measure may be defined as the number of web pages in a web site receiving links from other web sites , divided by the number of web pages published in the site that are accessible to the crawler . However the use of WIF has been disregarded due to the mathematical artifacts derived from power law distributions of these variables . Other similar indicators using size of the institution instead of number of webpages have been proved more useful .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "161587db33e6bc0e7abfc9f9c81274d8", "text": "Pseudonym A pseudonym ( -LSB- pronˈsjuːdənɪm -RSB- and -LSB- pronˈsuːdənɪm -RSB- ) or alias is a name that a person or group assumes for a particular purpose , which can differ from their original or true name ( orthonym ) . Pseudonyms include stage names and user names ( both called screen names ) , ring names , pen names , nicknames , aliases , superhero or villain identities and code names , gamer identifications , and regnal names of emperors , popes , and other monarchs . Historically , they have often taken the form of anagrams , Graecisms , and Latinisations , although there are many other methods of choosing a pseudonym . Pseudonyms should not be confused with new names that replace old ones and become the individual 's full-time name . Pseudonyms are `` part-time '' names , used only in certain contexts - usually adopted to hide an individual 's real identity , as with writers ' pen names , graffiti artists ' tags , resistance fighters ' or terrorists ' noms de guerre , and computer hackers ' handles . Actors , musicians , and other performers sometimes use stage names , for example , to mask their ethnic backgrounds . In some cases , pseudonyms are adopted because they are part of a cultural or organisational tradition : for example devotional names used by members of some religious institutes , and `` cadre names '' used by Communist party leaders such as Trotsky and Lenin . A pseudonym may also be used for personal reasons : for example , an individual may prefer to be called or known by a name that differs from their given or legal name , but is not ready to take the numerous steps to get their name legally changed ; or an individual may simply feel that the context and content of an exchange offer no reason , legal or otherwise , to provide their given or legal name . A collective name or collective pseudonym is one shared by two or more persons , for example the co-authors of a work , such as Ellery Queen , or Nicolas Bourbaki .", "title": "" } ]
fever
4ed0d447e594960f8923c69b130abe4a
Red Headed Stranger had an impact on the series Edge of Darkness.
[ { "docid": "e737793e58430eeab90d2458939ceef4", "text": "Red Headed Stranger Red Headed Stranger is a 1975 album by American outlaw country singer Willie Nelson . After the wide success of his recordings with Atlantic Records , coupled with the negotiating skills of his manager , Neil Reshen , Nelson signed a contract with Columbia Records , a label that gave him total creative control over his works . The concept for the album was inspired by the `` Tale of the Red Headed Stranger '' , a song that Nelson used to play as a disk jockey on his program in Fort Worth , Texas . After signing with Columbia he decided to record the song , and arranged the details during his return to Austin , Texas , from a trip to Colorado . It was recorded at low cost at Autumn Sound Studios in Garland , Texas . The songs featured sparse arrangements , largely limited to Nelson 's guitar , piano and drums . Nelson presented the finished material to Columbia executives , who were dubious about releasing an album that they at first thought was a demo . However , Nelson had creative control , so no further production was added . A concept album , Red Headed Stranger is about a fugitive on the run from the law after killing his wife and her lover . The content consists of songs with brief poetic lyrics and arrangements of older material such as Fred Rose 's `` Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain '' , Wolfe Gilbert 's `` Down Yonder '' and Juventino Rosas ' `` O'er the Waves '' . Despite Columbia 's doubts and the limited instrumentation , Red Headed Stranger was a blockbuster among country music and mainstream audiences . It was certified multi-platinum , and made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music . The cover of `` Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain '' , released as a single previous to the album full release became Nelson 's first number one hit . The title of the album would become a lasting nickname for Nelson . It was ranked # 183 on Rolling Stones list of the 500 Greatest Albums of All Time , and number one on CMT 's 40 Greatest Albums in Country Music . In 2010 it was inducted to the National Recording Registry . In 1986 Nelson starred as the Red Headed Stranger in a movie of the same name , based on the story of the album . The album has had a strong cultural impact ; the song `` Time of the Preacher '' has been used often in the series Edge of Darkness , and its lyrics were used as well in the first issue of the comic Preacher .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "45673670519361b57f78f77d5975c384", "text": "Impact (miniseries) Impact is a 2009 Canadian action disaster miniseries directed by Mike Rohl , written by Michael Vickerman and distributed by Tandem Communications , starring David James Elliott , Natasha Henstridge , Benjamin Sadler , Steven Culp , James Cromwell and Florentine Lahme as the story shows about a meteor shower which eventually sends the moon on a collision course with Earth . The two-part ( Episodes were called Nights ) mini-series premiered February 14 and 15 , 2009 on the Canadian premium television channel Super Channel and was also shown on ABC on June 21 and 28 , 2009 and on Alpha TV on September 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41b62a1304f54abe1b8d7cc16b3aa322", "text": "From Darkness From Darkness is a British psychological crime drama that premiered on BBC One on October 4 , 2015 . The series stars Anne-Marie Duff as former police officer Claire Church . A total of four episodes were broadcast . The series was both critically and commercially panned , leading to the likeliness of a second season materializing being very slim . A DVD of the complete series was released on November 9 , 2015 . Internationally , the series premiered in Australia on November 1 , 2015 , on BBC First .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "deb6c2b7aea169a3dd6d956a94991a50", "text": "Red edge Red edge refers to the region of rapid change in reflectance of vegetation in the near infrared range of electromagnetic spectrum . Chlorophyll contained in vegetation absorbs most of the light in the visible part of the spectrum but becomes almost transparent at wavelengths greater than 700 nm . This way , vegetation cellular structure takes its major part in the reflectance because each cell acts like an elementary corner reflector . This effects in that rapid change that can be from 5 % to 50 % reflectance between 680 nm to 730 nm . For a more detailed explanation and a graph of the photosynthetically active radiation ( PAR ) spectral region , see the NDVI rationale . The phenomenon accounts for the brightness of foliage in infrared photography and is extensively utilized in the form of so-called vegetation indices ( e.g. NDVI ) . It is used in remote sensing to monitor plant activity , and it has been suggested that it could be useful to detect light-harvesting organisms on distant planets .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "876022af87f647b87f58627e959d35fd", "text": "Dark City (1998 film) Dark City is a 1998 American-Australian neo-noir science fiction film directed by Alex Proyas . The screenplay was written by Proyas , Lem Dobbs and David S. Goyer . The film stars Rufus Sewell , Kiefer Sutherland , Jennifer Connelly , and William Hurt . Sewell plays John Murdoch , an amnesiac man who finds himself suspected of murder . Murdoch attempts to discover his true identity and clear his name while on the run from the police and a mysterious group known only as the `` Strangers '' . The majority of the film was shot at Fox Studios Australia . It was jointly produced by New Line Cinema and Mystery Clock Cinema . New Line Cinema distributed the theatrical release . The film premiered in the United States on February 27 , 1998 . The film was nominated for Hugo and Saturn Awards . For the theatrical release , the studio was concerned that the audience would not understand the film and asked Proyas to add an explanatory voice-over narration to the introduction . A director 's cut was released in 2008 , restoring and preserving Proyas 's original artistic vision for the film . Some critics have noted its similarities and possible influence on the Matrix series , which came out a year later .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb973d29d350eead8663d98c2b870f06", "text": "Shadows in the Moonlight (story) `` Shadows in the Moonlight '' is one of the original short stories starring the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian , written by American author Robert E. Howard and first published in Weird Tales magazine in April 1934 . Howard originally named his story `` Iron Shadows in the Moon '' . It is set in the pseudo-historical Hyborian Age and concerns Conan escaping to a remote island in the Vilayet Sea where he encounters the Red Brotherhood , a skulking creature , and mysterious iron statues . The story was republished in the collections Conan the Barbarian ( Gnome Press , 1954 ) and Conan the Freebooter ( Lancer Books , 1968 ) . It has more recently been published in the collections The Conan Chronicles Volume 1 : The People of the Black Circle ( Gollancz , 2000 ) and Conan of Cimmeria : Volume One ( 1932-1933 ) ( Del Rey , 2003 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca9e7c60c83501d1abbe9b61c332a6c4", "text": "The Last Dangerous Visions The Last Dangerous Visions is a mooted sequel to the science fiction short story anthologies Dangerous Visions and Again , Dangerous Visions , originally published in 1967 and 1972 respectively . Like the first two , it was scheduled to be edited by Harlan Ellison . The projected third collection was started but , controversially , is yet to be finished . It has become something of a legend in science fiction as the genre 's most famous unpublished book . It was originally announced for publication in 1973 , but other work demanded Ellison 's attention , and the anthology has not seen print to date . He has come under criticism for his treatment of some writers who submitted their stories to him , who some estimate to number nearly 150 . Many of these writers have since died . Various difficulties delayed publication many times . As recently as May 2007 , Ellison said he still wants to get the book out . British author Christopher Priest , whose story `` An Infinite Summer '' had been accepted for the collection , wrote a lengthy critique of Ellison 's failure to complete the LDV project . It was first published by Priest as a one-shot fanzine called The Last Deadloss Visions , a pun on the title of Priest 's own fanzine , Deadloss . It proved so popular that it had a total of three printings in the UK and later , in book form , as the 1995 Hugo Award nominated The Book on the Edge of Forever ( an allusion to Ellison 's Star Trek episode , `` The City on the Edge of Forever '' ) by American publisher Fantagraphics Books . The essay is available online at the Internet Archive mirror of the original site .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "89434439fceb94bad31e862cf0d2ccc3", "text": "In a Mirror, Darkly `` In a Mirror , Darkly '' is the eighteenth and nineteenth episodes of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek : Enterprise , and originally aired on April 22 and 29 , 2005 . This installment was developed to be a sequel to The Original Series episode `` The Tholian Web '' and a prequel to `` Mirror , Mirror '' . The decision to set an Enterprise episode in the mirror universe originated with a pitch to enable William Shatner to appear in the series . The teleplays for both parts of the episode were written by Mike Sussman , with Manny Coto contributing the story for the second part . Set in the 22nd century , the series normally follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise , registration NX-01 . However , these installments feature a mirror universe Jonathan Archer and evil counterparts of the normal characters , who serve the cruel and militaristic Terran Empire . In the first part , the ISS Enterprise learns of a Starfleet ship from the future of the main universe which is being stripped for parts by the Tholians , and seeks to take the ship from the aliens . The second part sees the surviving crew operating the USS Defiant and seeking to overthrow the Empire using its advanced weaponry . The episode saw the reuse of footage from Star Trek : First Contact and the creation of an alternative opening credits sequence which included footage from other Paramount properties such as the film The Hunt for Red October . A three-quarters-around bridge from The Original Series era was constructed , as well as other sets from a Constitution-class starship . A Gorn and a Tholian were both created using CGI , with the Gorn utilizing motion capture techniques . This installment also saw the return of Vaughn Armstrong after his main universe character was killed on screen earlier in the season in the episode `` The Forge '' . This episode subsequently appeared in several lists of the best episodes of Star Trek : Enterprise . It was nominated for an Emmy Award for Outstanding Hairstyling for a Series in 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e9b4cc4d8afd36ba982b3497d9110af", "text": "Heart of Darkness Heart of Darkness ( 1899 ) is a novella by Polish-British novelist Joseph Conrad , about a voyage up the Congo River into the Congo Free State , in the heart of Africa , by the story 's narrator Marlow . Marlow tells his story to friends aboard a boat anchored on the River Thames , London , England . This setting provides the frame for Marlow 's story of his obsession with the ivory trader Kurtz , which enables Conrad to create a parallel between London and Africa as places of darkness . Central to Conrad 's work is the idea that there is little difference between so-called civilised people and those described as savages ; Heart of Darkness raises questions about imperialism and racism . Originally published as a three-part serial story in Blackwood 's Magazine to celebrate the 1000th edition of the magazine , Heart of Darkness has been variously published and translated into many languages . In 1998 , the Modern Library ranked Heart of Darkness as the sixty-seventh of the hundred best novels in English of the twentieth century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "666e8ef6aa8bd100a9811a374c08559a", "text": "Army of Darkness (comics) Army of Darkness comics are based on the film of the same name published originally by Dark Horse Comics , and later by Dynamite Entertainment who initially published them through Devil 's Due Publishing . The stories follow the adventures of the Evil Dead series , Ash Williams , and has included a number of crossovers with a wide variety of characters such as , Marvel Zombies , Darkman , Freddy Krueger , Jason Voorhees , Dracula , Xena , Danger Girl , and Re-Animator .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d31e561d1484951bd8bb1de7db67be7", "text": "Red and Black Attack Red And Black Attack was the second release from the Hollywood-based rock band The Icarus Line . The EP was recorded and released very quickly after their debut 7-inch , Highlypuncturingnoisetestingyourabilitytohate on Hellcat Records . The EP was released on New American Dream . This was the band 's first release to appear on CD , as well as New American Dream 's debut release . The vinyl version was pressed by Slowgun Records on clear `` wine '' colored vinyl 7-inches . New American Dream also released the band 's split 7-inch picture disc with Ink & Dagger , and had actually originally signed Ink & Dagger to release their third , and final album on the label . However , after a car crash involving the label 's owner and members of Ink & Dagger , who were on their way to visit The Icarus Line during a rehearsal , the label soon fell apart . The resulting fiasco was the prime reason The Icarus Line did n't record their debut album in 1999 , as originally intended , and ended up signing instead with Crank ! Records . Coincidentally , Ink & Dagger , who had also signed to the label for the release of their third and last album , ended up having Buddyhead release it instead . Other bands on the short-lived label included Discount ( band ) and Kind Of Like Spitting . The label 's folding , resulted in this release being out of print for many years , and a highly sought after collectable . The EP was named as a reference to the band 's visual style , which involved dressing in black with red neckties . This look was abandoned years later , after a number of other bands had started dressing similarly . Some of these bands went on to much greater mainstream success . So , as not to look like the `` copycats '' themselves , this attire was then `` retired '' by The Icarus Line . This release also coincided with yet another of the band 's recurring problems of finding a suitable , and permanent drummer . This is why there is no drummer pictured on the cover of this release , something which confused people for quite some time . At the time of the EP 's release , John Guerra ( F-Minus , Black Fag ) was filling the position . Soon after , the band recruited their fourth drummer , Mike Felix ( Toys That Kill , Ex-Fork ) . As an homage to their former band 's drummer , Tim Childs , The Icarus Line included snippets he had recorded while playing drums at home , very briefly before his death . These were the last known recordings of Tim playing drums . The song `` Separate The Sounds '' , was also quite obviously written about Tim , and his abrupt passing . These home recordings were spliced together during mastering by Blag Dahlia , the singer of The Dwarves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2fb639320c503928d2f04287898d63ef", "text": "The End of Heartache The End of Heartache is the third studio album by American metalcore band Killswitch Engage . It was released on May 11 , 2004 through Roadrunner Records . It is the first album to feature lead vocalist Howard Jones . It is also the first album with Justin Foley also from Blood Has Been Shed joined the bands as the drummer also making his first recording on this album . The new lineup played on the 2003 Ozzfest and the MTV2 Headbangers Ball tour . The first recording was the song `` When Darkness Falls '' appearing on the soundtrack to the 2003 horror film Freddy vs. Jason . The End of Heartache was released on May 11 , 2004 . The album debuted in the top 40 of the Australian album charts on May 17 , 2004 following a successful tour of that country with Anthrax . The title track was nominated for Best Metal Performance for the 47th Annual Grammy Awards . Two music videos for `` Rose of Sharyn '' and `` The End of Heartache '' were filmed in promotion of the album . `` Rose of Sharyn '' had the group performing in a sunny desert with blood dripping from dead branches to form words . `` The End of Heartache '' featured a darkly lit performance with various computer animated imagery with scenes from Resident Evil : Apocalypse dotted throughout . Both videos saw notable airplay on Headbanger 's Ball . In 2005 , a special edition of the album was released which contained 6 additional tracks . The album was certified Gold by the RIAA on December 7 , 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a", "text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ac69490e7f95f55458744fceb8fbcb4", "text": "Mindspawn Mindspawn is a soundscape , dark ambient , post industrial act formed and fronted by Gene Williams . Williams was raised on a farm in the remote area of the Ozark Mountains in Missouri . In his late teens , Williams left his homeland and lived in a variety of places both in the United States and abroad , doing a variety of things , including graphic art , construction work , bull-riding , archaeology , spelunking , and more . Around 1980 Williams began to experiment in music , playing in a few small bands , but eventually becoming enthralled with multitrack tape and field recordings . Over the next decade he gathered sounds from various caves , wells , cisterns , archaeological sites , and more , as well as continuing to hone his musical abilities with several instruments . During the bulk of this era he was largely a solitary experimentalist and he had no public releases . In the early 1990s , Williams relocated to the Boston area . At that time , he first began to perform under the guise of Mindspawn . Eventually , Williams started his own record label , Dark Seeds , and began releasing his material and that of other similar minded artists . The first Mindspawn release was the album Conversing With Zardoz , in 1999 . Darkness Weaves was released a year later in 2000 and Null Infinite was released in 2001 . Mindspawn `` singles '' also appear on several compilations . From 2001 to 2004 , Mindspawn 's sounds found their way onto documentaries like `` America 's Most Haunted Town , '' various video games , and a wide variety of other artist releases . In 2005 , Mindspawn and Coph Nia collaborated on the post industrial dark ambient album , Erotomechaniks , which enjoyed critical success and was widely well received . Between 2000 and 2008 , Williams continued to perform and compose as Mindspawn , while operating a recording/sound design studio in Boston , MA . During this period , Williams engineered and produced a variety of artists and projects ranging from EDM to video games and film . In 2006-2007 Williams and Steve Smith ( house music vocalist ) of Dirty Vegas composed and produced the theme for the `` Standoff ( TV series ) '' and scored the cult film `` The Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down '' by Paul Sapiano . The `` Standoff '' theme song was nominated for an Emmy for Best Theme Song in 2007 . Between 2008-2011 the Mindspawn project was on hiatus while Williams explored other interests and recovered from health issues . In late 2011 , Williams once again began performing live and releasing sounds and music under the Mindspawn name . In September 2014 , the Mindspawn album Parasite Theory was released . 2016 saw Mindspawn reunite with Coph Nia on the collaboration album , Erotomechaniks II . Mindspawn/Gene Williams continues to produce , compose , and perform live . The Mindspawn name was chosen as an ambiguous play on words , the two `` meanings '' being Mind 's Pawn and Mind Spawn . Beyond the obvious no further meaning has ever been intended . The sound composed/created by Mindspawn varies from soundscapes and industrial ambience to dark ambient , including claustrophobic film music and sound categorized as space music . Mindspawn sound has been aptly referred to as sound sculptures or sonic tapestries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28ce39f7b5f3130cd8d89a3e32729b56", "text": "Red Harvest (Bloodsimple album) Red Harvest is the second and final album by New York City Alternative metal band Bloodsimple . It was released on October 30 , 2007 . Will Hunt of the band Dark New Day played drums on this album . Frontman Tim Williams explained that the title of the album is based on the 1929 book of the same name by Dashiell Hammett . `` Dead Man Walking '' was included on the soundtrack of the video game WWE SmackDown vs. Raw 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a7129424f8b8f86c4ce8bdf9ce10973", "text": "Red Bird (web series) Red Bird is an American Western web series . Created by Misti Boland and Jeremy Osbern , the series stars Alexandra Goodman , Ian Stark , Armin Shimerman , Kitty Swink , Mike McShane , and John Prosky . The series of eight three to five minute episodes premiered on YouTube and the show 's website in March 2016 . Tubefilter , in their Indie Spotlight , described the series as `` a female revenge tale featuring Kitty Mae , who is seeking to get even with the gunman who killed her only son in cold blood . '' The Daily Dot issued a positive review of the series , noting that from `` costumes to locations to an original soundtrack that has presence and bite , it looks and sounds just as you 'd imagine the creators -- husband and wife Jeremy Osbern and Misti Boland -- desired it . '' But the reviewer also longed for more time with each episode , stating that episodes `` are centered around single set pieces or scenes that although well-scripted and shot , are short , mostly coming in at around three minutes . '' Red Bird was shot on location and on sets in Colorado and Kansas and incorporated real horses , authentic old west set pieces , and practical gunshot and blood effects .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3b9fced951caac5a733357a52dbf3d7", "text": "Edge of Normal Edge of Normal is an American sci-fi web series created by Amanda Overton as her graduate thesis project from University of Southern California ( USC ) . Inspired by Amanda 's love for popular comics and films such as X-Men and The Dark Knight , Edge of Normal is a unique mixture of sci-fi and superhero elements in a web serialized format . In 2013 the web series was bought for distribution by Wonderly . Wonderly is a YouTube Multi-Channel Network , subsidiary of Big Frame that focuses on innovative female creators . Edge of Normal premiered its first season on July 16 , 2013 , with the episode `` Natalie '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6788abe008bc47053b7876ba8b963572", "text": "Claire Redfield is a fictional character in the Resident Evil ( Biohazard in Japan ) horror franchise by Capcom . Claire is the younger sister of Chris Redfield , an American special police officer who is a protagonist of the first Resident Evil game , and is herself a protagonist of the video games Resident Evil 2 and Resident Evil - Code : Veronica , where she is a zombie outbreak survivor turned a vigilante . She returned as an abducted activist in the video game Resident Evil : Revelations 2 after being absent from the main series for a decade and half since Code : Veronica . Claire has also appeared in various other media , including several additional video games , the computer-animated film Resident Evil : Degeneration , and the non-canon live-action films Resident Evil : Extinction , Resident Evil : Afterlife and Resident Evil : The Final Chapter , as well as in the promotion and merchandise for the franchise . She was very well received by critics and became one of the most popular Resident Evil characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b92730419869ff405098096e9167949e", "text": "Lobster Johnson Lobster Johnson ( also known as the Lobster ) is a fictional character featured in the Hellboy and Bureau For Paranormal Research and Defense comic books published by Dark Horse Comics . He was created by Mike Mignola . Within the Hellboy universe , the Lobster was a vigilante who worked in secret in New York City during the 1930s . Although the public believes that the Lobster was only the hero of pulp serials and comics , he was a real man who faced gangsters as well as paranormal threats . The Lobster had a reputation for violence , such as killing mobsters and burning his trademark lobster claw symbol into their foreheads with the palm of his gloved hand . This behavior was similar to the Marvel UK comic book character Night Raven , and the pulp magazine hero The Spider .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99040c70772fec70ed2073681ea6dfba", "text": "Red Sands Red Sands is a 2009 American horror film set in Parvan Province , Afghanistan in September 2002 . The film is directed by Alex Turner , whose previous effort was Dead Birds , in 2004 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
ab568ca0c3a7284268ac4e091af479df
Lee Child is European.
[ { "docid": "c894d193fc8e6b90c3791ffda174f69d", "text": "Lee Child James D. `` Jim '' Grant ( born 29 October 1954 ) , better known by his pen name Lee Child , is a British author who writes thriller novels . He is especially known for his Jack Reacher novel series . The books follow the adventures of a former American military policeman , Jack Reacher , who wanders the United States . His first novel , Killing Floor , won both the Anthony Award , and the Barry Award for Best First Novel .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "1558c1de1a4d74e6ed18dff8ef9b75c6", "text": "Lolicon , also romanised as lolikon or rorikon , is Japanese discourse or media focusing on the attraction to young or prepubescent girls . The term lolicon is a portmanteau of the phrase `` Lolita complex '' ; it describes an attraction to young or prepubescent girls , an individual with such an attraction , or lolicon manga or lolicon anime , a genre of manga and anime wherein childlike female characters are often depicted in an `` erotic-cute '' manner ( also known as ero kawaii ) , in an art style reminiscent of the shōjo manga ( girls ' comics ) style . Outside Japan , lolicon is in less common usage and usually refers to the genre . The term is a reference to Vladimir Nabokov 's book Lolita , in which a middle-aged man becomes sexually obsessed with a twelve-year-old girl . It was first used in Japan in the 1970s and quickly became used to describe erotic dojinshi ( amateur comics ) portrayals of young girls . Laws have been enacted in various countries , including in Japan , which regulate explicit content featuring children or childlike characters . Parent and citizens groups in Japan have organized to work toward stronger controls and stricter laws governing lolicon manga and other similar media . Studies of lolicon fans state that they are attracted to an aesthetic of cuteness rather than the age of the characters , and that collecting lolicon represents a disconnect from society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b67258e169e073b294e65d7cd329546", "text": "Lee (Korean surname) Lee is the typical romanization of the common South Korean surname I ( Hangul -LSB- ) , North Korean surname Ri ( -LSB- ) . The name is written identically to the Chinese name Li 李 in Hanja characters . It is the second-most-common surname in Korea , behind only Kim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5aa4be4d1b47871625da9816ad05f3f0", "text": "Libertas Estonia Libertas Estonia ( Libertas Eesti Erakond , LEE ) was a political party in Estonia . It intended to contend the 2009 European Parliament elections under a common banner with Libertas.eu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd1573c8836f4718e798a42d6888adf1", "text": "Carl Lee (actor) Carl Lee ( November 22 , 1926April 17 , 1986 ) , born Carl Vincent Canegata , was an American actor . He was also the son of actor/professional boxer Canada Lee ( 1907 -- 1952 ) . In a 2000 interview , filmmaker James Toback stated , `` In the sort of hip world of New York , Carl Lee was the hip-black-actor icon . He was for hip people what Sidney Poitier was for mainstream people . '' Lee played a heroin dealer , the title role in the Obie Award-winning play The Connection . He later appeared in the film version . Lee , who made his first film appearance in the 1954 film Human Desire , went on to appear in such films as A Man Called Adam in 1966 opposite Sammy Davis , Jr. and Cicely Tyson , and the now classic blaxploitation film Superfly ( with the late Ron O'Neal ) in 1972 . He also appeared in various television roles in such shows as The Defenders , Mannix , and Good Times ( `` Willona 's Surprise '' , 1977 ) in a memorable performance in which he portrayed Willona Woods 's ex-husband Ray , who makes sexual advances towards Thelma ( Bernadette Stanis ) . Lee suffered a heroin addiction which led to his death .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "738be1ae11fb57dacecd6f8e1e8fbca5", "text": "Tony Lee Tony Lee is a British comics writer , screenwriter , audio playwright , and novelist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a", "text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1895cfbc7686c10d20f91d339503064c", "text": "Childhood Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence . According to Piaget 's theory of cognitive development , childhood consists of two stages : preoperational stage and concrete operational stage . In developmental psychology , childhood is divided up into the developmental stages of toddlerhood ( learning to walk ) , early childhood ( play age ) , middle childhood ( school age ) , and adolescence ( puberty through post-puberty ) . Various childhood factors could affect a person 's attitude formation . '' ' The concept of childhood emerged during the 17th and 18th centuries , particularly through the educational theories of the philosopher John Locke and the growth of books for and about children . Previous to this point , children were often seen as incomplete versions of adults .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "968365fbaeab87c24832effc3cf618fa", "text": "Lee Chambers Lee Chambers ( born 4 February 1970 ) is a British-Canadian writer , film director , and producer . In 2012 he won the Best Screenwriter award from Northern Ontario Music and Film Awards for his Australian short film , Hugh Jackman Saves the World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c702312d0454ae4c3e30b23ffa0f934c", "text": "Adrian Lee Adrian Lee ( born 9 September 1957 , London , England ) is an English musician , known especially for his brass instrumentation work with several well-known acts of the 1980s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "604b16d01d04f46c0d4cf6e28a2a5b34", "text": "European social model The European social model is a common vision many European states have for a society that combines economic growth with high living standards and good working conditions . Historian Tony Judt has argued that the European social model `` binds Europe together '' in contrast to the ` American way of life ' . European states do not all use a single social model , but welfare states in Europe do share several broad characteristics . These generally include a commitment to full employment , social protections for all citizens , social inclusion , and democracy . Examples common among European countries include universal health care , free higher education , strong labor protections and regulations , and generous welfare programs in areas such as unemployment insurance , retirement pensions , and public housing . The Treaty of the European Community set out several social objectives : promotion of employment , improved living and working conditions ... proper social protection , dialogue between management and labour , the development of human resources with a view to lasting high employment and the combating of exclusion . Because different European states focus on different aspects of the model , it has been argued that there are four distinct social models in Europe -- the Nordic , British , Mediterranean and the Continental . The general outlines of a European social model emerged during the post-war boom . Tony Judt lists a number of causes : the abandonment of protectionism , the baby boom , cheap energy , and a desire to catch up with living standards enjoyed in the United States . The European social model also enjoyed a low degree of external competition as the Soviet bloc , China and India were not yet integrated into the global economy . In recent years , it has become common to question whether the European social model is sustainable in the face of low birthrates , globalisation , Europeanisation and an ageing population .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f60ae3d4eb597f5e565a33cf9a09b02d", "text": "Lee Montgomery Elliott `` Lee '' Harcourt Montgomery ( born November 3 , 1961 ) is a former Canadian-American child actor best known for his role as a lonely little boy who befriends a pack of killer rats in the film Ben ( 1972 ) and for his role as Sarah Jessica Parker 's hunky dance partner , Jeff Malone , in Girls Just Want to Have Fun ( 1985 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09f227cf0141bf1224e9ca138d53d304", "text": "M. David Lee III M. David Lee III ( born September 14 , 1965 , Champaign , Illinois ) is an award-winning American film director , producer , writer , editor and director of photography . Lee is noted for his use of a version of the Dogme95 principals originally developed by Lars Von Trier and Thomas Vinterberg in his films . His production company , Triple Sticks Productions , has produced four feature films since 1997 and several short films dating back to the late '70s . Triple Sticks Productions is also distributing their film , Slow Down ... You 're Dating Too Fast ! . Lee has also spent time as a sports anchor with Comcast SportsNet Mid-Atlantic , SNY , WHBQ , KNTV , KDOC , and KCOY . In 2009 , `` Dog Me : Potluck , '' was selected for distribution on Netflix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e7ce29178a26aebb02e0554f79aece5", "text": "Swan Lee Swan Lee was a Danish band featuring Pernille Rosendahl on vocals . The name was taken from a Syd Barrett song . In 1996 Pernille Rosendahl formed a band with guitarist Jonas Struck , drummer Emil Jorgensen and her then-boyfriend , keyboardist Tim Christensen . Christensen left in 1999 , and the remaining trio continued , renaming the band Swan Lee , and adding bassist Frederik Damsgaard to the lineup . An entire album was recorded with Cannibal Records , but never released because of musical differences with the record label director Kim Hyttel , followed by lawsuits . Other record companies rejected them seeing a potential only in Rosendahl . The band finally decided to establish their own record label , named GoGo Records , and in February 2001 released their debut album Enter . The album sold 20,000 copies and contained , the single `` Tomorrow Never Dies '' , written in collaboration with Tim Christensen . Enter peaked at position 27 in the Danish charts . In 2004 , the band had another album , the self-titled Swan Lee which reached number one in the charts . The single `` I Do n't Mind '' peaked at position three . Tomorrow Never Dies was featured in Danish IO Interactive 's videogame Hitman : Blood Money . Swan Lee disbanded in September 2005 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "36671126f0340aff6088b9c5deae1964", "text": "The Ballad of Nora Lee The Ballad Of Nora Lee is third studio album from the Norwegian band Helldorado . The album shows a band that is still deeply fascinated and inspired by Americana music and subculture , combining elements from different genres . The Turkish National Football Team has chosen Helldorado 's `` A Drinking Song '' as their new Football Anthem for the Euro 2008 Championship . `` A Drinking Song '' was A-listed on Turkish TV Channel `` Dream-TV '' . It was on high rotation on the channel and it was rated video of the week .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4776dcb74b1699ebf5c9d8dca1d4b743", "text": "Lincoln–Lee Legion The Lincoln -- Lee Legion was established by Anti-Saloon League-founder Howard Hyde Russell in 1903 to promote the signing of abstinence pledges by children . The organization was originally called the Lincoln League , named after Abraham Lincoln . However , in 1912 it was renamed the Lincoln -- Lee Legion , adding a reference to Robert E. Lee in order to make it more appealing to southern children and their parents . The pledge called for a lifetime commitment to abstain from alcoholic beverages : `` Whereas , the use of intoxicating liquors as a beverage is productive of pauperism , degradation and crime ; and believing it our duty to discourage that which produces more evil than good , we therefore pledge ourselves to abstain from the use of intoxicating liquors as a beverage `` . Pledge signing drives were heavily promoted at churches , Sunday schools , and temperance meetings . Girls who signed the pledge were called `` Willards , '' after Frances Willard of the Women 's Christian Temperance Union . Northern boys were called `` Lincolns '' and southern boys became `` Lees . '' By 1925 , over five million children had signed the total abstinence pledge cards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "853e563e1e6a27140378907eb9cf0951", "text": "Lee Elementary School of Technology / World Studies Lee Elementary School of Technology / World Studies is a historic elementary school in Tampa , Florida . It was established as Michigan Avenue Grammar School in 1906 . It became Robert E. Lee Elementary School in 1943 when Michigan Avenue was renamed Columbus Drive ( Tampa ) . The school is located at 305 East Columbus Drive and was the first brick school building constructed in Hillsborough County , Florida . In 2004 it became Lee Elementary School of Technology/World Studies . The school 's colors are royal blue and gold and its mascot is Robert E. Lee 's horse Traveller . The school was renovated in 1989 and won a local historic preservation award . It reopened as Lee Elementary School , the first magnet school in Hillsborough County . In 2005 it became Lee Elementary School of Technology/World Studies with its curriculum expanded to include a world studies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f56cfb57279b3e97f11ef4ea4675333", "text": "Children Act 1948 The Children Act 1948 was an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom that established a comprehensive childcare service . It reformed the services available to deprived children , consolidating existing childcare legislation and establishing departments `` in which professional social work practice would develop in child care and , in due course , in work with families . '' The Act made it clear that it was the duty of local authorities to receive into care any child who was without parents or whose parents could not care for him for any reason , if it was in the interest of the child 's welfare . The new duties imposed upon local authorities by the legislation ( particularly to receive deprived children into care ) resulted in childcare services working more closely with families . The Act also led to a new approach towards parent-child relations , encouraging the newly established Children 's Departments ` to view children as individual human beings with both shared and individualised needs , rather than an indistinct mass . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "54677e48ec5f13e975ae528b7b6bbdf1", "text": "Gavin Lee Gavin Lee ( born 15 October 1971 ) is an English actor who has appeared on the stage in musical theatre , notably in the musical Mary Poppins , in both the West End and on Broadway .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67f7e2e09b1ea98d0600a3a1448d8469", "text": "Edward Leeson Edward Liam Bearchan Gregory-Leeson ( born 25 April 1986 ) is an English musician , performer , writer and curator . Previously the lead singer for Larrikin Love in which he performed under the stage name Edward Larrikin , he currently performs with Sunless '97 under the stage name Edward Eke . Leeson is the son of filmmaker and War Child founder Bill Leeson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e55af7e6783177820fc5319ab17ec95f", "text": "Child sexual abuse Child sexual abuse or child molestation is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation . Forms of child sexual abuse include engaging in sexual activities with a child ( whether by asking or pressuring , or by other means ) , indecent exposure ( of the genitals , female nipples , etc. ) , child grooming , or using a child to produce child pornography . Child sexual abuse can occur in a variety of settings , including home , school , or work ( in places where child labor is common ) . Child marriage is one of the main forms of child sexual abuse ; UNICEF has stated that child marriage `` represents perhaps the most prevalent form of sexual abuse and exploitation of girls '' . The effects of child sexual abuse can include depression , post-traumatic stress disorder , anxiety , complex post-traumatic stress disorder , propensity to further victimization in adulthood , and physical injury to the child , among other problems . Sexual abuse by a family member is a form of incest and can result in more serious and long-term psychological trauma , especially in the case of parental incest . The global prevalence of child sexual abuse has been estimated at 19.7 % for females and 7.9 % for males . Most sexual abuse offenders are acquainted with their victims ; approximately 30 % are relatives of the child , most often brothers , fathers , uncles , or cousins ; around 60 % are other acquaintances , such as `` friends '' of the family , babysitters , or neighbors ; strangers are the offenders in approximately 10 % of child sexual abuse cases . Most child sexual abuse is committed by men ; studies on female child molesters show that women commit 14 % to 40 % of offenses reported against boys and 6 % of offenses reported against girls . The word pedophile is commonly applied indiscriminately to anyone who sexually abuses a child , but child sexual offenders are not pedophiles unless they have a strong sexual interest in prepubescent children . Under the law , child sexual abuse is often used as an umbrella term describing criminal and civil offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification . The American Psychological Association states that `` children can not consent to sexual activity with adults '' , and condemns any such action by an adult : `` An adult who engages in sexual activity with a child is performing a criminal and immoral act which never can be considered normal or socially acceptable behavior . ''", "title": "" } ]
fever
19b071b6f33b7d7940783d1adb1de9ce
Roald Dahl is a British writer.
[ { "docid": "59b757d3c4c6c4e192d80fa815d6fc81", "text": "Charlie and the Chocolate Factory Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a 1964 children 's book by British author Roald Dahl . The story features the adventures of young Charlie Bucket inside the chocolate factory of eccentric chocolatier Willy Wonka . Charlie and the Chocolate Factory was first published in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf , Inc. in 1964 and in the United Kingdom by George Allen & Unwin , 3 years later . The book has been adapted into two major motion pictures : Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory in 1971 , and Charlie and the Chocolate Factory in 2005 . The book 's sequel , Charlie and the Great Glass Elevator , was written by Roald Dahl in 1971 and published in 1972 . Dahl had also planned to write a third book in the series but never finished it . The story was originally inspired by Roald Dahl 's experience of chocolate companies during his schooldays . Cadbury would often send test packages to the schoolchildren in exchange for their opinions on the new products . At that time ( around the 1920s ) , Cadbury and Rowntree 's were England 's two largest chocolate makers and they each often tried to steal trade secrets by sending spies , posing as employees , into the other 's factory . Because of this , both companies became highly protective of their chocolate-making processes . It was a combination of this secrecy and the elaborate , often gigantic , machines in the factory that inspired Dahl to write the story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b210d8a8f1df8cadbc0f542ae462061", "text": "Tales of the Unexpected (short story collection) Roald Dahl 's Tales of the Unexpected is a collection of sixteen short stories written by British author Roald Dahl and first published in 1979 . All of the stories were earlier published in various magazines , and then in the collections Someone Like You and Kiss Kiss .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f907203da81558e114f1fa3604acbcbf", "text": "Roald Dahl Roald Dahl ( -LSB- langpronˈroʊ.əld _ ˈdɑːl -RSB- , -LSB- ˈɾuːɑl dɑl -RSB- ; 13 September 1916 -- 23 November 1990 ) was a British novelist , short story writer , poet , screenwriter , and fighter pilot . His books have sold more than 250 million copies worldwide . Born in Wales to Norwegian parents , Dahl served in the Royal Air Force during the Second World War , in which he became a flying ace and intelligence officer , rising to the rank of acting wing commander . He rose to prominence in the 1940s with works for both children and adults and he became one of the world 's best selling authors . He has been referred to as `` one of the greatest storytellers for children of the 20th century '' . His awards for contribution to literature include the 1983 World Fantasy Award for Life Achievement , and the British Book Awards ' Children 's Author of the Year in 1990 . In 2008 , The Times placed Dahl 16th on its list of `` The 50 greatest British writers since 1945 '' . Dahl 's short stories are known for their unexpected endings and his children 's books for their unsentimental , macabre , often darkly comic mood , featuring villainous adult enemies of the child characters . His books champion the kind-hearted , and feature an underlying warm sentiment . Dahl 's works for children include James and the Giant Peach , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Matilda , The Witches , Fantastic Mr Fox , The BFG , The Twits and George 's Marvellous Medicine . His adult works include Tales of the Unexpected .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "77931320b4dc41424d8ac7d4b4e8f749", "text": "Nonsense verse Nonsense verse is a form of nonsense literature usually employing strong prosodic elements like rhythm and rhyme . It is whimsical and humorous in tone and employs some of the techniques of nonsense literature . Limericks are probably the best known form of nonsense verse , although they tend nowadays to be used for bawdy or straightforwardly humorous , rather than nonsensical , effect . Among writers in English noted for nonsense verse are Edward Lear , Lewis Carroll , Mervyn Peake , Sukumar Ray , Edward Gorey , Colin West , Dr. Seuss , and Spike Milligan . The Martian Poets and Ivor Cutler are considered by some to be in the nonsense tradition .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8a688dbc1c19d8942204c07ad181d5b", "text": "Roald Mandelstam Roald Charlsovich Mandelstam ( Роа́льд Ча́рльсович Мандельшта́м September 16 , 1932 , Leningrad - February 26 , 1961 , Leningrad ) was a Russian poet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9300d753792a1c6e9b868adeb5393811", "text": "Stalky & Co. Stalky & Co. is a novel by Rudyard Kipling about adolescent boys at a British boarding school . It is a collection of school stories whose juvenile protagonists display a know-it-all , cynical outlook on patriotism and authority . According to his family , Kipling enjoyed reading aloud stories from Stalky & Co. to them and often went into spasms of laughter over his own jokes . It was first published in 1899 ( following serialisation in the Windsor Magazine ) . Reflecting its origins , the novel is episodic in nature , with self-contained chapters . It is set at an unnamed school referred to as the College or the Coll. , which is based on the United Services College in Devon , which Kipling attended . The character Beetle , one of the main trio , is partly based on Kipling himself , while the charismatic character Stalky is based on Lionel Dunsterville , M'Turk is based on George Charles Beresford , Mr King is based on William Carr Crofts. , and the school Head , Mr. Bates , is based on Cormell Price . The stories have elements of revenge , the macabre , bullying and violence , and hints about sex , making them far from childish or idealised . For example , Beetle pokes fun at an earlier , more earnest , boys ' book , Eric , or , Little by Little , thus flaunting his more worldly outlook . There is also some information about Stalky in later life . In his essay entitled `` What We Can Expect of the American Boy , '' Teddy Roosevelt disdained this novel , calling it `` a story which ought never to have been written , for there is hardly a single form of meanness which it does not seem to extol , or of school mismanagement which it does not seem to applaud . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "725d7bc7cca2c524fc4bef4a17793501", "text": "Sally Ledger Sally Ledger ( 14 December 1961 - 21 January 2009 ) was a Professor of Victorian literature who made major contributions to the fields of nineteenth-century women 's writing , literary feminism , and the study of Charles Dickens . Ledger took her undergraduate studies at Queen Mary University of London , where she won the George Smith Prize for the best English First in the University of London in 1985 . She completed her graduate studies at the University of Oxford , where she worked on the novels of Mark Rutherford under the supervision of Terry Eagleton at Wadham College . While at Oxford she was involved with the student pressure group Oxford English Limited , and wrote for its journal News from Nowhere : Journal of the Oxford English Faculty Opposition ; she also contributed to the journal Literature Teaching Politics , where her first published article appeared in 1987 . After her doctorate , Ledger had lectureships at Royal Holloway University of London , the University of Exeter and the University of the West of England before moving to Birkbeck University of London in 1995 as a Lecturer in English . She was promoted to Reader in 2001 and Professor in 2006 . Ledger moved to Royal Holloway University of London in 2008 to take up the Hildred Carlile Chair of English . Professor Ledger 's major publications are The New Woman : Fiction and Feminism at the Fin de Siècle ( Manchester University Press , 1997 ) and Dickens and the Popular Radical Imagination ( Cambridge University Press , 2007 ) . She also wrote a study of Henrik Ibsen for Northcote House 's ` Writers and Their Work ' series ( 1999 ) , and co-edited a series of volumes : Political Gender : Texts and Contexts ( Routledge , 1994 ) , Cultural Politics at the Fin de Siècle ( Cambridge University Press , 1995 ) , The Fin de Siècle : A Reader in Cultural History ( Oxford University Press , 2000 ) and the posthumously published Charles Dickens in Context ( Cambridge University Press , 2013 ) . She also edited George Egerton 's Keynotes and Discords ( Bloomsbury Academic , 2000 ) . From 2005-2009 she was an integral part of the Dickens Project conference at the University of California , Santa Cruz and was planning a book on the origins of Victorian sentimentality at the time of her death . The British Association of Victorian Studies inaugurated the Sally Ledger Memorial Bursary fund for postgraduate students in her honour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211", "text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d0ef81b728628170cd847a416f9eeb6", "text": "Lewis Carroll: A Biography Lewis Carroll : A Biography is a 1995 biography of author Lewis Carroll by Morton N. Cohen , first published by Knopf , later by Macmillan . It is generally considered to be the definitive scholarly work on Carroll 's ( real name Charles Lutwidge Dodgson ) life . Cohen 's approach is mainly chronological , with some chapters grouped by theme , such as those on Carroll 's religion , his love of little girls , and his guilty feelings . Cohen , a Carroll scholar for 30 years , opts to use Dodgson 's first name , Charles , throughout the work , because it `` seems most appropriate in a book dealing with the intimacy of his life '' . The book generally assumes that Carroll 's love of little girls was not just emotional but sexual -- that he was a paedophile , albeit a suppressed one . In the book Cohen writes : `` We can not know to what extent sexual urges lay behind Charles 's preference for drawing and photographing children in the nude . He contended that the preference was entirely aesthetic . But given his emotional attachment to children as well as his aesthetic appreciation of their forms , his assertion that his interest was strictly artistic is naïve . He probably felt more than he dared acknowledge , even to himself . '' While attributing the source of Carroll 's chaotic emotional life to his sexual urges , Cohen opined that they were also responsible for his creative works . Karoline Leach in In the Shadow of the Dreamchild ( 1999 ) writes that Cohen and previous biographers misunderstood the norms and customs of the Victorian era , and that Carroll 's adulation of children was not sexual but a reflection of the romanticisation of the child prevalent in that era . Contrariwise , a website set up by opponents ( including Leach ) of the tradition Carroll image , reports that while Cohen acknowledges the paedophilic nature of Carroll 's image , he `` Inexplicably he lists the numbers of intimate woman-friends that Dodgson had through his life , yet still concludes that his existence revolved exclusively around friendships with small girls ! '' Jo Elwyn Jones and J. Francis Gladstone in The Alice Companion : A Guide to Lewis Carroll 's Alice Books ( 1998 ) criticises the book for what they say is a poor treatment of Carroll 's involvement in controversies at the University of Oxford . Megan Harlan in Entertainment Weekly writes that `` This beautifully written bio never shies away from the house-of-mirrors complexity of its subject . '' An issue of Victorian Studies reported that there were issues with inconsistent references . Miles Edward Friend compares Cohen 's handling of the material to Carroll 's boat trips with the children , saying , `` With Cohen at the tiller , we are deftly guided through the flow of Carroll 's life . '' Ronald Warwick in Times Higher Education criticises Cohen 's interpretation of Carroll 's relationship with his archdeacon father ; his `` insecure grasp of 19th-century ecclesiastical history '' ; his prose , which Warwich called cliched ; and his choice to use Dodgson 's first name , which Warwick said was not used even by Dodgson 's most intimate male friends .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "de592e967bc6f7d8e29eb17db7435a6d", "text": "Welsh literature in English Anglo-Welsh literature and Welsh writing in English are terms used to describe works written in the English language by Welsh writers . It has been recognised as a distinctive entity only since the 20th century . The need for a separate identity for this kind of writing arose because of the parallel development of modern Welsh-language literature ; as such it is perhaps the youngest branch of English-language literature in the British Isles . Welsh writers in English have traditionally favoured the short story form over the novel for two main reasons : in a society lacking sufficient wealth to support professional writers , the amateur writer was able to spare time only for short bursts of creativity ; and , like poetry , it concentrated linguistic delight and exuberance . However , the genre did not develop in these writers much beyond its origin in rural sketches . Satire was avoided , and , since the main market was London publishers , the short stories tended to focus on the eccentricities ( as seen from a metropolitan viewpoint ) of Welsh life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e1a4e5170df26ee0fe92070b45e71523", "text": "Ophelia Dahl Ophelia Magdalena Dahl ( born 12 May 1964 ) is a British social justice and health care advocate . As of January 2008 , Dahl is the president and executive director of Partners In Health ( PIH ) , a Boston , Massachusetts-based non-profit health care organization dedicated to providing a `` preferential option for the poor . '' She first encountered Paul Farmer , the future co-founder of PIH , as an eighteen-year-old volunteer in Haiti , and has since dedicated her life to advocating for social justice and healthcare equity . As a co-founder and key member of the PIH team , Dahl was featured prominently in Mountains Beyond Mountains : The Quest of Dr. Paul Farmer , a Man Who Would Cure the World , Tracy Kidder 's book describing the work of the organization and the life of Dr. Farmer . In December 2006 , Ophelia Dahl and Paul Farmer received the Union Medal from Union Theological Seminary in New York . Dahl and the Partners in Health team is featured in the 2017 documentary film , Bending The Arc . Dahl is the daughter of actress Patricia Neal and author Roald Dahl . Dahl contributed to the 2003 book The Roald Dahl Treasury , a collection of her father 's stories , memoirs , letters and poetry , and is currently writing a memoir of her father . She is a trustee of the Roald Dahl Museum and Story Centre , a registered charity with the mission of `` telling Roald Dahl 's life story , to care for his archive and to promote a love of creative writing in everyone . '' Dahl graduated from Wellesley College as a Davis Scholar and delivered Wellesley 's 2006 commencement address . In 2011 , she was named by the Boston Globe as one of the three Bostonians of the Year , along with her Partners in Health co-founder , Paul Farmer and a senior member of Partners in Health , Louise Ivers . This was mainly due to her and the charity 's response to the 2010 Haiti earthquake . She has also been selected by Social Capital Inc. ( SCI ) as a 2011 SCI Idealist Award recipient , to be given on 30 March 2011 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c32c3dfd169aa602a9edd5b2b48d24a8", "text": "Matilda (novel) Matilda is a children 's novel by British writer Roald Dahl . Matilda won the Children 's Book Award in 1999 . It was published in 1988 by Jonathan Cape in London , with 232 pages and illustrations by Quentin Blake . It was adapted as an audio reading by actress Kate Winslet , a 1996 feature film directed by Danny DeVito , a two-part BBC Radio 4 programme starring Lauren Mote as Matilda , Nichola McAuliffe as Miss Trunchbull and narrated by Lenny Henry , and a 2010 musical . In 2012 Matilda was ranked number 30 among all-time children 's novels in a survey published by School Library Journal , a monthly with primarily US audience . It was the first of four books by Dahl among the Top 100 , more than any other writer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03741fcf36c7578201bc5a3109915e1f", "text": "Danny, the Champion of the World Danny , the Champion of the World is a 1975 children 's book by Roald Dahl . The plot centers on Danny , a young English boy , and his father , William , who live in a Gypsy caravan fixing cars for a living and partake in poaching pheasants . It was first published in 1975 in the United States by Alfred A. Knopf , Inc. and in the United Kingdom by Jonathan Cape . It was adapted into a made-for-TV movie in 1989 by Thames Television which starred Jeremy Irons . It is based on Dahl 's adult short story `` Champion of the World '' which first appeared in print in The New Yorker magazine , as did some of the other short stories that would later be reprinted as Kiss Kiss ( 1960 ) . Peter Serafinowicz provides the English language audiobook recording .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2299fc8bf63cf3ff777f34743d02f1f9", "text": "BBC Books BBC Books ( also formerly known as BBC Publishing ) is an imprint majority owned and managed by Penguin Random House through its Ebury Publishing division . The minority shareholder is BBC Worldwide , the commercial subsidiary of the British Broadcasting Corporation . The imprint has been active since the 1980s . BBC Books publishes a range of books connected to BBC radio and television programming , including cookery , natural history , lifestyle , and behind the scenes `` making-of '' books . There are also some non-programme related biographies and autobiographies of various well-known personalities in its list . Amongst BBC Books ' best known titles are cookery books by former TV cook Delia Smith , wildlife titles by Sir David Attenborough and gardening titles by Alan Titchmarsh . In the BBC Publishing days , it turned down The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy , a book which has now sold over 14,000,000 copies worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c76106f019e84af353f30a5e0b1416f", "text": "Adam Roberts (British writer) For other people with this name , see Adam Roberts ( disambiguation ) . Adam Charles Roberts ( born 30 June 1965 ) is a British science fiction and fantasy novelist . He writes parodies under the pseudonyms of A.R.R.R. Roberts , A3R Roberts and Don Brine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1d994572888566871729431e1c87314", "text": "Strand, London Strand ( or the Strand ) is a major thoroughfare in the City of Westminster , Central London . It runs just over 3/4 mi from Trafalgar Square eastwards to Temple Bar , where the road becomes Fleet Street inside the City of London , and is part of the A4 , a main road running west from inner London . The road 's name comes from the Old English strond , meaning the edge of a river , as it historically ran alongside the north bank of the River Thames . The street was popular with the British upper classes between the 12th and 17th centuries , with many historically important mansions being built between the Strand and the river . These included Essex House , Arundel House , Somerset House , Savoy Palace , Durham House and Cecil House . The aristocracy moved to the West End over the 17th century , following which the Strand became well known for coffee shops , restaurants and taverns . The street was a centre point for theatre and music hall during the 19th century , and several venues remain on the Strand . At the east end of the street are two historic churches : St Mary le Strand and St Clement Danes . Several authors , poets and philosophers have lived on or near the Strand , including Charles Dickens , Ralph Waldo Emerson and Virginia Woolf . The street has been commemorated in the song `` Let 's All Go Down the Strand '' , now recognised as a typical piece of Cockney music hall .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "952bbee73096ff5de7dc7663c1fadbaf", "text": "Places of interest in Buckinghamshire Buckinghamshire , England is most notable for its open countryside and natural features , including the Chiltern Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and the River Thames . The county is also home to many historic houses , some of which are open to the public through the National Trust , such as Waddesdon Manor , West Wycombe Park and Cliveden ; and others which still act as private houses such as the Prime Minister 's country retreat Chequers . Buckinghamshire is also the home of various notable people from history in whose honour tourist attractions have been established . The most notable of these is the author Roald Dahl who included many local features and characters in his works . There are various notable sports facilities in Buckinghamshire such as Adams Park , and the county is also home to the world-famous Pinewood Studios . This is a list of places of interest in the county . See List of places in Buckinghamshire for a list of settlements .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3c17fc59292f43fe45251487374083e", "text": "Profile Books Profile Books is a British independent book publishing firm founded in 1996 . It publishes non-fiction subjects including history , biography , memoir , politics , current affairs , travel and popular science . Profile Books is distributed in the UK by Random House and sold by Faber & Faber , and is part of the Independent Alliance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5c81ad0a2cd257358a173b6131f9564", "text": "Indian English literature Indian English Literature ( IEL ) refers to the body of work by writers in India who write in the English language and whose native or co-native language could be one of the numerous languages of India . Its early history began with the works of R. K. Narayan , Mulk Raj Anand and Raja Rao who contributed to Indian fiction in the 1930s . It is also associated with the works of members of the Indian diaspora , such as V. S. Naipaul , Kiran Desai , Jhumpa Lahiri , Kovid Gupta , Agha Shahid Ali , Rohinton Mistry and Salman Rushdie , who are of Indian descent . It is frequently referred to as Indo-Anglian literature . ( Indo-Anglian is a specific term in the sole context of writing that should not be confused with Anglo-Indian ) . As a category , this production comes in the broader realm of postcolonial literature -- the production from previously colonised countries such as India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "09e11d6bd113a82e001cf1af6ae0aa25", "text": "Ian Rankin Ian James Rankin , OBE , DL , FRSE , FRSL ( born 28 April 1960 ) is a Scottish crime writer , best known for his Inspector Rebus novels .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65f7fe19ad2334a267b21b6eb585942c", "text": "Thirty-Minute Theatre Thirty-Minute Theatre is an anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973 , which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers , on account of its short running length , and which therefore attracted many writers who later became well known . It was initially produced by Graeme MacDonald . Thirty-Minute Theatre began on BBC2 in 1965 with an adaptation of the black comedy Parson 's Pleasure ( author , Roald Dahl ) . Dennis Potter contributed Emergency -- Ward 9 ( 1966 ) , which he partially recycled in the much later The Singing Detective ( 1986 ) . In 1967 BBC2 launched the UK 's first colour service , with the consequence that Thirty-Minute Theatre became the first drama series in the country to be shown in colour . As well as single plays , the series showed several linked collections of plays , including a group of four plays by John Mortimer named after areas of London in 1972 , two three-part Inspector Waugh series starring Clive Swift in the title role , and a trilogy of plays by Jean Benedetti , broadcast in 1969 , focusing on infamous historical figures such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin . Other plays were broadcast by writers like Charlotte and Denis Plimmer ( The Chequers Manoeuvre , 1968 ) , David Rudkin ( Bypass , 1972 , and Atrocity , 1973 ) and Jack Rosenthal ( And For my Next Trick , 1972 ) . Thirty-Minute Theatre was cancelled in August 1973 . Second City Firsts , also of 30 minutes duration , fulfilled much the same role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1eb91e16566c01dd31ca4f28cf4a940d", "text": "Spoilt Rotten Spoilt Rotten : The Toxic Cult of Sentimentality ( subtitle in US editions : How Britain is Ruined by Its Children ) is a non-fiction book by the British writer and retired doctor and psychiatrist Theodore Dalrymple , originally published in 2010 . Polemical in nature , the book contends that sentimentality has become culturally entrenched in British society , with harmful consequences . The author uses a range of cultural , educational , political , media and literary issues -- including falling standards in education , UK aid policies for African development , the death of Diana , Princess of Wales , the disappearance of Madeleine McCann , and the work and life of Sylvia Plath -- to illustrate what he sees as the danger of abandoning logic in favour of sentimentality , which he describes as `` the progenitor , the godparent , the midwife of brutality '' . Much of Dalrymple 's analysis is underpinned by his experience of working with criminals and the mentally ill . Spoilt Rotten received a mostly favourable reception in the media . Dalrymple was praised for carrying out a thought-provoking and convincing analysis of a newly emerged cultural phenomenon which sees emotion substituted for reason . Some critics , however , accused the author of cynicism and misanthropic pessimism in his approach , and the historian Noel Malcolm claimed that Dalrymple had overreached in his analysis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4", "text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .", "title": "" } ]
fever
cfd3af5eb52486636d32383755671c6d
John McCain is a politician.
[ { "docid": "215b4df2eb0ec5c38b6fc14f500863c9", "text": "John McCain John Sidney McCain III ( born August 29 , 1936 ) is an American politician who currently serves as the senior United States Senator from Arizona . He was the Republican nominee for the 2008 U.S. presidential election . McCain followed his father and grandfather , both four-star admirals , into the United States Navy , graduating from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1958 . He became a naval aviator , flying ground-attack aircraft from aircraft carriers . During the Vietnam War , he was almost killed in the 1967 USS Forrestal fire . In October 1967 , while on a bombing mission over Hanoi , he was shot down , seriously injured , and captured by the North Vietnamese . He was a prisoner of war until 1973 . McCain experienced episodes of torture , and refused an out-of-sequence early repatriation offer . His war wounds have left him with lifelong physical limitations . He retired from the Navy as a captain in 1981 and moved to Arizona , where he entered politics . Elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1982 , McCain served two terms . He was first elected to the U.S. Senate in 1986 , winning re-election easily five times , most recently in 2016 . While generally adhering to conservative principles , McCain at times has had a media reputation as a `` maverick '' for his willingness to disagree with his party on certain issues . After being investigated and largely exonerated in a political influence scandal of the 1980s as a member of the Keating Five , he made campaign finance reform one of his signature concerns , eventually gaining passage of the McCain -- Feingold Act in 2002 . He is also known for his work in the 1990s to restore diplomatic relations with Vietnam , and for his belief that the Iraq War should have been fought to a successful conclusion . McCain has chaired the Senate Commerce Committee , opposed spending that he considered to be pork barrel , and played a key role in alleviating a crisis over judicial nominations with the bi-partisan group known as the Gang of 14 . McCain ran for the Republican nomination in 2000 but lost a heated primary season contest to George W. Bush of Texas . He secured the nomination in 2008 after coming back from early reversals , but was defeated by Democratic candidate Barack Obama in the general election , losing by a 365 -- 173 electoral college margin and by 53 -- 46 % in the popular vote . He subsequently adopted more orthodox conservative stances and attitudes and largely opposed actions of the Obama administration , especially in regard to foreign policy matters . By 2013 , however , he had become a key figure in the Senate for negotiating deals on certain issues in an otherwise partisan environment . In 2015 , McCain became chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committee .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "635e734cf5f60ce5eccf1a313bac28f6", "text": "Hillary: The Movie Hillary : The Movie is a 2008 political documentary about United States Senator and presidential candidate Hillary Clinton . It was produced by the conservative non-profit organization Citizens United . The film was scheduled to be offered as video-on-demand on cable TV right before the Democratic primaries in January 2008 , but as `` electioneering communication '' to do so was illegal under the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act which was enforced by the Federal Election Commission . The producers went to U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia to get a declaration that they could show their movie and promotional ads for it despite BCRA . This case was titled Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission and its final decision at the U.S. Supreme Court resulted in a major change in campaign finance law . The documentary interviewed various conservative figures such as Dick Morris and Ann Coulter and reviewed various scandals in which Hillary Clinton purportedly participated , such as the White House travel office controversy , White House FBI files controversy , Whitewater controversy , and cattle futures controversy . The factual finding of the three-judge district court was that there was `` no reasonable interpretation -LSB- of the movie -RSB- other than as an appeal to vote against Senator Clinton '' , thus making it `` electioneering communication '' . The Supreme Court did not change that decision , but applied the strict scrutiny test for the First Amendment of the Constitution and said corporations could not be banned from making electioneering communications .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7348b10a2a046a6b19c164a79d5639a", "text": "Swift Vets and POWs for Truth Swift Vets and POWs for Truth , formerly known as the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth ( SBVT ) , was a political group ( 527 group ) of United States Swift boat veterans and former prisoners of war of the Vietnam War , formed during the 2004 presidential election campaign for the purpose of opposing John Kerry 's candidacy for the presidency . The campaign inspired the widely used political pejorative `` swiftboating '' , to describe an unfair or untrue political attack . The group disbanded and ceased operations on May 31 , 2008 . SBVT asserted that Kerry was `` unfit to serve '' as President based upon his alleged `` willful distortion of the conduct '' of American servicemen during that war , and his alleged `` withholding and/or distortion of material facts '' as to his own conduct during that war . SBVT stated that `` Kerry 's phony war crimes charges , his exaggerated claims about his own service in Vietnam , and his deliberate misrepresentation of the nature and effectiveness of Swift boat operations compel us to step forward . '' The group challenged the legitimacy of each of the combat medals awarded to Kerry by the U.S. Navy and the disposition of his discharge . ( See John Kerry military service controversy . ) Further , SBVT said that Kerry 's later criticism of the war was a `` betrayal of trust '' with other soldiers , and that by his activism he had caused direct `` harm '' to soldiers still at war . These claims caused tremendous controversy during the election , particularly because most of the organization 's members had not been in a place to assess Kerry , while most of the Vietnam veterans who had served with him supported Kerry 's version of events . Registered under Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code , SBVT publicized its criticisms of Kerry during the election campaign in a book , in television advertisements that the group ran in swing states and in the media coverage some members received . The group was the subject of several complaints to the Federal Election Commission ( FEC ) . After the election , the group was credited by media and praised by conservatives as contributing to Kerry 's defeat . The group 's tactics are considered an example of a successful political smear campaign for its widely publicized and later discredited claims .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db", "text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e72b67682b7264c0c40304cf8f16edcb", "text": "Russ Feingold Russell Dana Feingold ( -LSB- ˈfaɪn.ɡoʊld -RSB- born March 2 , 1953 ) is a lawyer and politician from the U.S. state of Wisconsin . He was the Democratic candidate for the U.S. Senate in 2016 , and previously served as a Democratic member of the U.S. Senate from January 3 , 1993 to January 3 , 2011 . From 1983 to 1993 , Feingold was a Wisconsin State Senator representing the 27th District . With John McCain , he received the 1999 John F. Kennedy Profile in Courage Award . Feingold and McCain cosponsored the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act ( McCain -- Feingold Act ) , a major piece of campaign finance reform legislation . He was the only Senator to vote against the Patriot Act during the first vote on the legislation . Feingold was mentioned as a possible candidate in the 2008 presidential election , but in November 2006 he announced he would not run . In 2010 , Feingold lost his campaign for reelection to the U.S. Senate to Republican Ron Johnson . On June 18 , 2013 , he was selected by Secretary of State John Kerry to replace R. Barrie Walkley as a special envoy to the Great Lakes region of Africa . On May 14 , 2015 , Feingold announced his candidacy for his old Senate seat in 2016 . He was defeated by Republican Ron Johnson in a rematch of their 2010 Senate race .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3834d3f503bfc2baa147528971021fa4", "text": "George W. Bush George Walker Bush ( born July 6 , 1946 ) is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009 . He was also the 46th Governor of Texas from 1995 to 2000 . After graduating from Yale University in 1968 and Harvard Business School in 1975 , he worked in the oil industry . Bush married Laura Welch in 1977 and ran unsuccessfully for the House of Representatives shortly thereafter . He later co-owned the Texas Rangers baseball team before defeating Ann Richards in the 1994 Texas gubernatorial election . Bush was elected president in 2000 after a close and controversial win over Democratic rival Al Gore , becoming the fourth president to be elected while receiving fewer popular votes than his opponent . From a prominent political family , he is the eldest son of Barbara and George H. W. Bush , the 41st President of the United States , making him only the second president to assume the nation 's highest office after his father , following the lead of John Quincy Adams . His brother , Jeb Bush , a former Governor of Florida , was a candidate for the Republican presidential nomination in the 2016 presidential election . His paternal grandfather , Prescott Bush , was a United States Senator from Connecticut . The September 11 terrorist attacks occurred eight months into Bush 's first term as president . Bush responded with what became known as the Bush Doctrine : launching a `` War on Terror '' , an international military campaign that included the war in Afghanistan in 2001 and the Iraq War in 2003 . He also promoted policies on the economy , health care , education , Social Security reform , and amending the Constitution to prohibit same-sex marriage . He signed into law broad tax cuts , the Patriot Act , the No Child Left Behind Act , the Partial-Birth Abortion Ban Act , Medicare prescription drug benefits for seniors , and funding for the AIDS relief program known as PEPFAR . His tenure included national debates on immigration , Social Security , electronic surveillance , and torture . In the 2004 Presidential race , Bush defeated Democratic Senator John Kerry in another relatively close election . After his re-election , Bush received increasingly heated criticism from across the political spectrum for his handling of the Iraq War , Hurricane Katrina , and other challenges . Amid this criticism , the Democratic Party regained control of Congress in the 2006 elections . In December 2007 , the United States entered its longest post-World War II recession , often referred to as the `` Great Recession '' , prompting the Bush administration to obtain congressional passage of multiple economic programs intended to preserve the country 's financial system . Nationally , Bush was both one of the most popular and unpopular presidents in history , having received the highest recorded presidential approval ratings in the wake of the September 11 attacks , as well as one of the lowest approval ratings during the 2008 financial crisis . Bush left office in 2009 , returning to Texas where he purchased a home in Crawford . He wrote a memoir , Decision Points . His presidential library was opened in 2013 . His presidency has been ranked among the worst in historians ' polls published in the late 2000s and 2010s .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "542ca6e1f9e6b83a1c960f2fd871495f", "text": "John Lim John Lim ( born December 23 , 1935 ) is a Republican politician in the United States state of Oregon . He has served in both houses of the Oregon Legislative Assembly and was the Oregon State Senate Majority Leader in 1995 . He has unsuccessfully run for the U.S. Senate and for the Republican nomination for Governor of Oregon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57861f5dc598b944f774c601e794e432", "text": "Transpartisan Transpartisanship represents an emerging school of political thought which accepts the validity of truths across a range of political perspectives and seeks to synthesize them into an inclusive , pragmatic container beyond typical political dualities . It is distinct from bipartisanship , which aims to negotiate between `` right '' and `` left , '' resulting in a dualistic perspective , and nonpartisanship , which tends to avoid political affiliation altogether . Transpartisanship is a movement to support and advance a common ground - or `` new center '' - that already exists in U.S. politics , emerging periodically into public view in the form of `` unusual coalitions '' of progressives and conservatives around issues ranging from war and the military budget to corporate power and the surveillance state . The movement builds on methods of facilitated dialogue , deliberation and conflict resolution . Current examples of transpartisan initiatives include Transpartisan Center , TheSolution.org , Reuniting America , Transpartisan Alliance , and Liberty Coalition . Transpartisanship is an emerging field that advocates pragmatic and effective solutions to social and political problems , transcending and including preexisting political ideologies . Transpartisanship encompasses the idea that all systems are inextricably interconnected , and that successful outcomes can best be reached through inclusive , genuine , and respectful cooperation . Transpartisan democracy , in part , seeks to reintegrate the public 's voice in identifying , debating , and shaping governmental policies , while continuing to protect the sovereignty of the individual . The term `` Transpartisanship '' has emerged to provide a meaningful alternative to `` Bipartisanship , '' and `` Nonpartisanship . '' Bipartisanship limits the dialogue process to two political viewpoints or entities , striving for compromise solutions . Nonpartisanship , on the other hand , tends to deny the existence of differing viewpoints in exchange for cooperation . Both the bipartisan and nonpartisan approaches can discount the multiplicity of viewpoints that exist , which often results in incomplete and therefore unsuccessful outcomes . In contrast to these , transpartisanship recognizes the existence and validity of many points of view , and advocates a constructive dialogue aimed at arriving at creative , integrated , and therefore , breakthrough solutions that meet the needs of all present . Transpartisan gatherings have resulted not only in surprisingly civil conversations noted by mainstream media but also in shifts from traditional ideological stances by some participants . A close relative of transpartisanship is Integral politics . A transpartisan approach to policy would necessarily include individual and collective , as well as subjective and objective , perspective . Furthermore , similar to Integral theory , transpartisanship places politics in a developmental context , viewing democracy and prosperity not as static attainments , but rather emergent properties along a continuum of developmental stages .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca51bb1b58914011843201072857a31a", "text": "United States presidential election in Maine, 2008 The 2008 United States presidential election in Maine took place on November 4 , 2008 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2008 United States presidential election . Maine is one of two states in the U.S. that instead of all of the state 's 4 electors of the Electoral College to vote based upon the statewide results of the voters , two of the individual electors vote based on their congressional district because Maine has two congressional districts . The other two electors vote based upon the statewide results . See below in the section of Electors for more information . Maine once again displayed it status as a blue state , with Democrat Barack Obama taking the state with 57.71 % of the vote and a difference of 126,650 votes . Maine has voted Democratic since 1992 and is the only state other than Nebraska to split its electoral votes , though it did not do so until 2016 . It is also the only state in New England where a county voted for Republican John McCain , with Piscataquis County giving McCain roughly 50.7 % of the vote .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3136ef3a705a62a8c929bb951b25d61a", "text": "Election An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office . Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century . Elections may fill offices in the legislature , sometimes in the executive and judiciary , and for regional and local government . This process is also used in many other private and business organizations , from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations . The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype , ancient Athens , where the Elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition , also known as allotment , by which officeholders were chosen by lot . Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems where they are not in place , or improving the fairness or effectiveness of existing systems . Psephology is the study of results and other statistics relating to elections ( especially with a view to predicting future results ) . To elect means `` to choose or make a decision '' , and so sometimes other forms of ballot such as referendums are referred to as elections , especially in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "712d9efe650d2d09c80b1650dc5006b9", "text": "Liberal democracy Liberal democracy is a liberal political ideology and a form of government in which representative democracy operates under the principles of classical liberalism . It is also called western democracy . It is characterised by fair , free , and competitive elections between multiple distinct political parties , a separation of powers into different branches of government , the rule of law in everyday life as part of an open society , and the equal protection of human rights , civil rights , civil liberties , and political freedoms for all people . To define the system in practice , liberal democracies often draw upon a constitution , either formally written or uncodified , to delineate the powers of government and enshrine the social contract . After a period of sustained expansion throughout the 20th century , liberal democracy became the predominant political system in the world . A liberal democracy may take various constitutional forms : it may be a constitutional monarchy ( Australia , Belgium , Canada , Japan , Norway , Spain and the United Kingdom ) or a republic ( France , India , Ireland , the United States ) . It may have a parliamentary system ( Australia , India , Ireland , the United Kingdom ) , a presidential system ( Indonesia , the United States ) , or a semi-presidential system ( France ) . Liberal democracies usually have universal suffrage , granting all adult citizens the right to vote regardless of race , gender or property ownership . Historically , however , some countries regarded as liberal democracies have had a more limited franchise , and some do not have secret ballots . There may also be qualifications such as voters being required to register before being allowed to vote . The decisions made through elections are made not by all of the citizens , but rather by those who choose to participate by voting . The liberal democratic constitution defines the democratic character of the state . The purpose of a constitution is often seen as a limit on the authority of the government . Liberal democracy emphasises the separation of powers , an independent judiciary , and a system of checks and balances between branches of government . Liberal democracies are likely to emphasise the importance of the state being a Rechtsstaat , i.e. , a state that follows the principle of rule of law . Governmental authority is legitimately exercised only in accordance with written , publicly disclosed laws adopted and enforced in accordance with established procedure . Many democracies use federalism -- also known as vertical separation of powers -- in order to prevent abuse and increase public input by dividing governing powers between municipal , provincial and national governments ( e.g. , Germany where the federal government assumes the main legislative responsibilities and the federated Länder assume many executive tasks ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25851388c8fe0e4d8b40b14c83dffd99", "text": "Nuclear option The nuclear option is a parliamentary procedure that allows the United States Senate to override a rule or precedent by a simple majority of 51 votes , instead of by a supermajority of 60 votes . The option is invoked by the presiding officer of the body ruling that the validity of a Senate rule or precedent is a constitutional question . The issue is immediately put to the full Senate , which decides by majority vote . The procedure thus allows the Senate to decide any issue by majority vote , regardless of existing procedural rules , such as current Senate rules specifying that ending a filibuster requires the consent of 60 senators ( out of 100 ) for legislation , and 67 for amending a Senate rule . The term `` nuclear option '' is an analogy to nuclear weapons being the most extreme option in warfare . The nuclear option has only been used in practice twice -- in 2013 and 2017 , however the threat to use it dates back at least to 1917 , in opinions related to reform of the Senate 's filibuster rules . Subsequently , an opinion written by Vice President Richard Nixon in 1957 concluded that the U.S. Constitution grants the presiding officer the authority to override existing Senate rules . The option was used to make further rule changes in 1975 . In November 2013 , Senate Democrats used the nuclear option to eliminate filibusters on executive branch nominations and federal judicial appointments other than those to the Supreme Court . On April 6 , 2017 , Senate Republicans used the nuclear option to eliminate the exception for Supreme Court nominees , after the nomination of Neil Gorsuch failed to meet the requirement of 60 votes for ending the debate . Before November 2013 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote of the `` duly chosen and sworn '' members of the Senate -- ( usually 60 votes ) to end debate on a bill , nomination or other proposal ; they also require a two-thirds vote ( `` present and voting '' -- 67 or more votes ) to end debate on a change to the Senate rules . Those rules effectively allowed a minority of the Senate to block a bill or nomination through the technique of the filibuster . This had resulted in a de facto requirement that a nomination have the support of 60 Senators to pass , rather than a majority of 51 . A three-fifths vote is still required to end debates on legislation . Before April 2017 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote to confirm nominations for Supreme Court nominees . Under the new nuclear option proceedings , the majority leader and presiding officer , guided by parliamentary experts , go through a series of choreographed steps in which the leader suggests a change to the rules , the presiding officer challenges him , and then the leader calls a second vote on a rules change , which requires only 51 votes . This effectively ends what had become a 60-vote requirement for confirmation of a Supreme Court nominee or the passage of legislation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fabdc47572748f939ed3b2d724e109d", "text": "Economic policy of the Barack Obama administration The economic policy of the Barack Obama administration was characterized by moderate tax increases on higher income Americans designed to fund healthcare reform , reduce the federal budget deficit , and improve income inequality . His first term ( 2009 -- 2013 ) included measures designed to address the Great Recession and Subprime mortgage crisis , which began in 2007 . These included a major stimulus package , banking regulation , and comprehensive healthcare reform . As the economy improved and robust job creation continued during his second term ( 2013 -- 2017 ) , the Bush tax cuts were allowed to expire for the highest income taxpayers and a spending sequester ( cap ) was implemented , to further reduce the deficit back to typical historical levels . Towards the end of his tenure , the U.S. economy was nearing full employment such that the Federal Reserve began raising interest rates , real household income was nearing its pre-crisis peak , gas prices were very low , and GDP grew 3.5 % . He also implemented several environmental executive orders to address climate change and encourage clean energy industries , as the U.S. enjoyed an unprecedented increase in energy production . Both the stock market and corporate profits reached record high levels during his tenure , while inflation and interest rates remained near record low levels . Conceptually , Obama advocated using government regulation to stem crony capitalism and tax revenue to stabilize and promote economic growth . Two of his important economic advisers were Jason Furman of Harvard University and Jeffrey Liebman of Harvard University . In 2006 , Obama wrote , `` We should be asking ourselves what mix of policies will lead to a dynamic free market and widespread economic security , entrepreneurial innovation and upward mobility -LSB- ... -RSB- we should be guided by what works . '' Speaking before the National Press Club in April 2005 , he defended the New Deal social welfare policies of Franklin D. Roosevelt , associating Republican proposals to establish private accounts for Social Security with Social Darwinism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2754217fccb42563618531ac58ace12b", "text": "Pro tempore Pro tempore ( -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpəri -RSB- , -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpərɛ -RSB- or -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpəreɪ -RSB- ) , abbreviated pro tem or p.t. , is a Latin phrase which best translates to `` for the time being '' in English . This phrase is often used to describe a person who acts as a locum tenens ( placeholder ) in the absence of a superior , such as the President pro tempore of the United States Senate , who acts in place of the President of the United States Senate , the Vice President of the United States . Legislative bodies can have one or more pro tempore for the presiding officer . These positions ostensibly go to legislators experienced in floor debate who are familiar with the content and application of relevant rules and precedents and who have a reputation for fairness among their colleagues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2a35ac42cd7fef5c10eae083c0e3392", "text": "Jack Kemp Jack French Kemp ( July 13 , 1935 -- May 2 , 2009 ) was an American politician and a professional gridiron football player . A Republican , he served as Housing Secretary in the administration of President George H. W. Bush from 1989 to 1993 , having previously served nine terms as a congressman for Western New York 's 31st congressional district from 1971 to 1989 . He was the Republican Party 's nominee for Vice President in the 1996 election , where he was the running mate of presidential nominee Bob Dole . Kemp had previously contended for the presidential nomination in the 1988 Republican primaries . Before entering politics , Kemp was a professional quarterback for 13 years . He played briefly in the National Football League ( NFL ) and the Canadian Football League ( CFL ) , but became a star in the American Football League ( AFL ) . He served as captain of both the San Diego Chargers and Buffalo Bills and earned the AFL Most Valuable Player award in 1965 after leading the Bills to a second consecutive championship . He played in the AFL for all 10 years of its existence , appeared in its All-Star game seven times , played in its championship game five times , and set many of the league 's career passing records . Kemp also co-founded the AFL Players Association , for which he served five terms as president . During the early part of his football career , he served in the United States Army Reserve . As an economic conservative , Kemp advocated low taxes and supply-side policies during his political career . His positions spanned the social spectrum , ranging from his conservative opposition to abortion to his more libertarian stances advocating immigration reform . As a proponent of both Chicago school and supply-side economics , he is notable as an influence upon the Reagan agenda and the architect of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981 , which is known as the Kemp -- Roth tax cut . After his days in political office , Kemp remained active as a political advocate and commentator , and served on corporate and nonprofit organization boards . He also authored , co-authored , and edited several books . He promoted American football and advocated for retired professional football players . Kemp was posthumously awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2009 by President Barack Obama . He was famously quoted saying , `` We must win the war on poverty by enlisting the greatest weapon ever invented : Free Enterprise '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "80d388932846c109d643e22d07ece4ef", "text": "Jack Graham (politician) John Collins Graham ( born June 17 , 1952 ) , also known as Jack Graham , is an American business executive and former Colorado State University athletic director . He was a Republican Party candidate for a United States Senate seat in Colorado in the 2016 elections .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f862db2271d58e90f7535e42abcebf7", "text": "McCain Foods McCain Foods Limited is a Canadian multi-national privately owned company that was established in 1957 in Florenceville , New Brunswick , Canada . It is one of the world 's largest manufacturer of frozen French fries and other potato specialties . It is also held as one of Canada 's best managed companies with a platinum status recognizing their business performance and efforts throughout their organization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74c200cd5554534b74ddc72869f441f6", "text": "John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald `` Jack '' Kennedy ( May 29 , 1917 -- November 22 , 1963 ) , commonly referred to by his initials JFK , was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963 . Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War , and much of his presidency focused on managing relations with the Soviet Union . He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate prior to becoming president . Kennedy was born in Brookline , Massachusetts to Joseph P. Kennedy , Sr. and Rose Kennedy . A scion of the Kennedy family , he graduated from Harvard University in 1940 before joining the United States Naval Reserve the following year . During World War II , Kennedy commanded a series of PT boats in the Pacific theater and earned the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for his service . After the war , Kennedy represented Massachusetts 's 11th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1947 until 1953 . He was subsequently elected to the U.S. Senate and served as the junior Senator from Massachusetts from 1953 until 1960 . While serving in the Senate , he published Profiles in Courage , which won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography . In the 1960 presidential election , Kennedy narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Nixon , who was the incumbent Vice President . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by high tensions with Communist states in the Cold War . He increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over President Dwight D. Eisenhower . In April 1961 , he authorized a failed joint-CIA attempt to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro in the Bay of Pigs Invasion . He subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , U.S. spy planes discovered that Soviet missile bases had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of tensions , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , nearly resulted in the breakout of a global thermonuclear conflict . Domestically , Kennedy presided over the establishment of the Peace Corps and supported the Civil Rights Movement , but he was largely unsuccessful in passing his New Frontier domestic policies . Kennedy continues to rank highly in historians ' polls of U.S. presidents and with the general public . His average approval rating of 70 % is the highest of any president in Gallup 's history of systematically measuring job approval . On November 22 , 1963 , Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas , Texas . Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the crime , but he was never prosecuted due to his murder by Jack Ruby two days later . Pursuant to the Presidential Succession Act , Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as president later that day . The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin , but various groups believed that Kennedy was the victim of a conspiracy . After Kennedy 's death , many of his proposals were enacted , including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Revenue Act of 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ba15b340b699f0f6cb9db889db649674", "text": "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 2008 The 2008 presidential campaign of Joe Biden , the longtime Senator from Delaware , announced his candidacy for President of the United States on the edition of January 7 , 2007 of Meet the Press . He officially became a candidate on January 31 , 2007 after filing papers with the Federal Elections Commission . Biden had previously run for president in 1988 , but failed to receive the nomination of the Democratic Party . If elected , Biden would have been the first sitting Senator and Roman Catholic to be president since John F. Kennedy , and the first President to be born during World War II . ( b. 1942 ) During the campaign , Biden focused on his plan to achieve political success in the Iraq War through a system of federalization . He touted his record in the Senate as the head of several congressional committees and experience in foreign policy . Despite a few notable endorsements , Biden failed to garner significant support in opinion polls , and was marred by controversial comments made while campaigning . He ultimately dropped out of the race on January 3 , 2008 , after capturing less than 1 % of the vote in the Iowa caucus . Seven months after conclusion of his campaign , Biden was selected to be Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama 's vice presidential running mate . The pair won in the general election , and were sworn in on January 20 , 2009 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a402ad8ca126907778e9a327b87029f", "text": "Straight Talk America Straight Talk America is a political action committee and intercampaign outreach vehicle created by Sen. John McCain . Originally formed during McCain 's 2000 bid for the Republican presidential nomination , it was revived again in 2005 , and then retired in 2007 as he announced his formal bid for the presidency in 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c3a3be501735f3c28ad777d7304685e4", "text": "Iowa Chicken The Iowa Chicken was a person in a chicken suit who followed John McCain and Rudy Giuliani around Iowa during the 2008 American presidential race , carrying a sign that read `` You ` Bawk ` ed at the Straw Poll ! '' This was done to both protest and bring attention to the fact that neither candidate competed in the Iowa Straw Poll . In the past , all Republican candidates have competed in the Straw Poll , and McCain and Giuliani 's decisions not to attend represented a break from tradition . The identity of the Iowa Chicken has not been revealed , but he or she follows an American campaign tradition , including such precedents as 2000 's Corn Man .", "title": "" } ]
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The Leftovers stars Amy Brenneman.
[ { "docid": "35b137ad298604b4c705f09d23901ff9", "text": "The Leftovers (TV series) The Leftovers is an American television drama series created by Damon Lindelof and Tom Perrotta , airing on HBO . It is based on Perrotta 's novel of the same name . The pilot was written by Lindelof and Perrotta , and directed by Peter Berg . The series stars an ensemble cast featuring Justin Theroux , Amy Brenneman , Christopher Eccleston , Liv Tyler , Chris Zylka , Margaret Qualley , Carrie Coon , Ann Dowd , and Regina King . The series premiered on HBO on June 29 , 2014 , and was renewed for a second season , which premiered on October 4 , 2015 , and concluded December 6 , 2015 . On December 10 , 2015 , HBO renewed the show for a third and final season , which premiered on April 16 , 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "865051435edf6e85b04f5f4052010ee5", "text": "Rollover (film) Rollover is a 1981 American political thriller film directed by Alan J. Pakula and starring Jane Fonda and Kris Kristofferson . The film was nominated for a Razzie Awards for Worst Actor for Kristofferson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b830dc799a301180d4d9de6e33fd810", "text": "Kristen Wiig Kristen Carroll Wiig ( -LSB- ˈwɪɡ -RSB- born August 22 , 1973 ) is an American actress , comedian , writer , and producer . She is known for her work on the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live ( 2005 -- 12 ) , and such films as Bridesmaids , The Martian , and Ghostbusters . Wiig was born in Canandaigua , New York , and raised in Lancaster , Pennsylvania , and Rochester , New York . Wiig attended the University of Arizona , where she majored in Fine Art . She later relocated to Los Angeles , where she broke into comedy as a member of the improvisational comedy troupe The Groundlings and made her television debut in 2003 . Wiig joined the cast of Saturday Night Live in 2005 and the following year she co-starred in the Christmas comedy film Unaccompanied Minors . After appearing in a series of supporting roles in comedy films such as Adventureland , Whip It , and Paul , she starred in and co-wrote the screenplay for Bridesmaids , which was both critically and commercially successful . Wiig received seven consecutive Emmy Awards nominations and has been nominated for an Annie Award for Voice Acting in a Feature Production for her work on Despicable Me 2 . In 2012 , Bridesmaids earned her a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress -- Musical or Comedy , as well as nominations for the Academy Award and BAFTA for Best Original Screenplay and a SAG Award nomination for Outstanding Performance by a Cast . She was also nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie for her role as Cynthia Morehouse in the miniseries The Spoils of Babylon .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "45b58b4b10d06e81854577d3ce785be9", "text": "The Good Place The Good Place is an American fantasy comedy television series created by Mike Schur . It premiered on September 19 , 2016 on NBC . The series focuses on Eleanor Shellstrop ( Kristen Bell ) , a recently deceased young woman who wakes up in the afterlife and is sent by Michael ( Ted Danson ) to `` The Good Place '' , a heaven-like utopia he designed , in reward for her righteous life . However , she quickly realizes that she was sent there by mistake , and must hide her morally imperfect behavioral past and present . William Jackson Harper , Jameela Jamil , and Manny Jacinto co-star as other residents of the Good Place , together with D'Arcy Carden as an artificial being helping the inhabitants . The Good Place has received critical acclaim since its premiere , with many praising its performances , writing , originality , setting , and tone . On January 30 , 2017 , NBC renewed the series for a second season of 13 episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b25cece618c31b04f94b732447ace0bd", "text": "You're Gonna Love Tomorrow `` You 're Gon na Love Tomorrow '' is the fifth season premiere episode of the American comedy-drama series Desperate Housewives , and the 88th episode overall . It originally aired on September 28 , 2008 , in the United States on ABC ( American Broadcasting Company ) . The episode was written by series creator Marc Cherry and directed by Larry Shaw . `` You 're Gon na Love Tomorrow '' , as well as all subsequent episodes , takes place five years after the events of the fourth season finale following Cherry 's decision to revamp the series with a time jump . In the episode , Edie ( Nicollette Sheridan ) returns to Wisteria Lane after a five-year absence with her new husband , Dave ( Neal McDonough ) . While Susan ( Teri Hatcher ) hesitates to make a romantic commitment to Jackson ( Gale Harold ) , Lynette ( Felicity Huffman ) struggles with her defiant teenage children and her husband 's midlife crisis . Gabrielle ( Eva Longoria ) deals with her daughters ' weight problems and Bree ( Marcia Cross ) faces the ramifications of her success . `` You 're Gon na Love Tomorrow '' received mostly positive reviews from television critics , most of whom agreed that the time jump refreshed the show . According to Nielsen ratings , the episode drew over 18 million viewers , making it the most-watched show of the night and the second most-watched program of the week across all networks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c04e580efa0e063b53d1df22f5739a56", "text": "Amy Lippman Amy Lippman is an American television producer and writer . She is perhaps best known as the co-creator of Party of Five with her writing partner , Christopher Keyser . She is politically conscious as a donor to Democratic candidates and causes . She also worked on the television series Sisters , In Treatment and the Party of Five spin-off Time of Your Life .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "628047b742ff829101b0e30c15010d12", "text": "David W. Zucker David W. Zucker is President of Television for Scott Free , and Executive Producer of the landmark series adaptation of Philip K. Dick 's classic `` The Man in the High Castle '' for Amazon , esteemed Civil War medical drama `` Mercy Street '' on PBS , the forthcoming first season of the Amazon half-hour action-comedy starring Jean-Claude Van Damme as `` Jean-Claude Van Johnson , '' the AMC anthological psychological thriller `` The Terror , '' `` The Good Fight , '' the widely acclaimed CBS all-access spin-off of `` The Good Wife , '' and `` Killing Reagan , '' the fourth in the acclaimed National Geographic channel series of `` Killing '' telefilms ( which include `` Killing Jesus '' and `` Killing Kennedy , '' both Emmy-nominated , plus the docudrama `` Killing Lincoln '' ) . During his tenure , Scott Free has produced a steady stream of highly acclaimed programs including the Emmy and Golden Globe-nominated , Peabody-winning drama , `` The Good Wife , '' which recently concluded its 7th and final season on CBS , as well as `` Numb3rs , '' which ran for six successful seasons on the same network . Notable long form programs include `` Klondike '' for Discovery , the Emmy and Golden Globe-nominated `` The Pillars of the Earth '' for Starz , `` World Without End '' for Reelz , Emmy-nominated `` Into the Storm '' for HBO , Emmy-nominated `` The Andromeda Strain '' and `` Coma '' for A&E , the Golden Globe-nominated `` The Company '' at TNT and a feature-length digital series for X-Box/Microsoft , `` Halo : Nightfall . '' Acclaimed non-fiction programs include `` Crimes of the Century '' and the Emmy-winning documentary special `` Gettysburg '' for History Channel . Previously , Zucker worked as a Story Editor on the CBS series , Judging Amy , wrote pilot scripts for CBS and ABC , as well as various stage plays , and served as VP of Drama Series for CBS in addition to VP of Drama Series & Current Programs at Warner Bros. . TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f1898f8f20fdaf2e90fa98773c51d15", "text": "Scotty Leavenworth Scott Alexander `` Scotty '' Leavenworth ( born May 21 , 1990 ) is an American actor . He began acting in commercials at the age of four , and has since appeared in a variety of films and television programs . Notable appearances include The Green Mile , Baby Geniuses , Babe : Pig in the City , The Soul Collector , Life as a House , and Erin Brockovich . He is known for playing Peter Petrowski , the boyfriend of Ruthie Camden ( Mackenzie Rosman ) , on The WB hit-series 7th Heaven .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c29cb4885c33cbf91b3aff34d546775", "text": "Alison Breitman Alison Breitman is a singer/songwriter born in the suburbs of Chicago and raised in Long Island , NY . She now lives and works in Chicago , Illinois . She is a singer , songwriter , guitarist and pianist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "539a07d0f6cad51c47aec6e9a375faf2", "text": "Goodbye, Toby `` Goodbye , Toby '' is the fourth season hour-long finale of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's seventy-first and seventy-second episodes overall . Written by Paul Lieberstein and Jennifer Celotta , and directed by Paul Feig , the episode first aired in the United States on May 15 , 2008 on NBC . The series -- presented as if it were a real documentary -- depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania , branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In this episode , Toby Flenderson ( Lieberstein ) spends his last day at Dunder Mifflin before moving to Costa Rica . Michael Scott ( Steve Carell ) develops feelings for the new Human Resources Representative Holly Flax ( Ryan ) , who makes her first appearance in this episode . Jim Halpert 's ( John Krasinski ) plan to propose to Pam Beesly ( Jenna Fischer ) gets ruined after Andy Bernard ( Ed Helms ) makes a proposal of his own . Elsewhere , Ryan Howard ( B. J. Novak ) is fired as Vice President of the company for misleading the shareholders and sent to prison . `` Goodbye , Toby '' introduced the character of Holly Flax , played by Amy Ryan , whose presence would drastically affect the office in the series ' fifth and seventh seasons . The episode received largely positive reviews from critics , with many applauding the introduction of Amy Ryan 's character , as well as the ending between Jim and Pam . The episode received 4.1 Nielsen rating and was watched by 8.07 million viewers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c34f34e48c6a91a2f89680aa5847faad", "text": "Leslie Knope Leslie Barbara Knope ( -LSB- ˈnoʊp -RSB- ) is a fictional character and the protagonist of the NBC comedy Parks and Recreation . She is portrayed by Amy Poehler . For most of the show 's run , she serves as Deputy Director of the Parks and Recreation Department of the fictional city of Pawnee , Indiana . An over-achiever , Knope believes the government should serve the people .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c01a8f9ed84f9bf9024a8e79a0df7d87", "text": "Jean Smart Jean Elizabeth Smart ( born September 13 , 1951 ) is an American film , television , and stage actress . After beginning her career in regional theater in the Pacific Northwest , she appeared on Broadway as Marlene Dietrich in Piaf in 1981 . Smart was later cast in a lead role as Charlene Frazier Stillfield on the CBS sitcom Designing Women , which she played from 1986 to 1991 . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for the 2000 Broadway revival of The Man Who Came to Dinner , and would go on to win two Emmy Awards for her role as Lana Gardener on the NBC sitcom Frasier ( 2000 -- 01 ) , and a third Emmy in 2008 for her role as Regina Newley on the ABC sitcom Samantha Who ? ( 2007 -- 09 ) . Her film credits include The Brady Bunch Movie ( 1995 ) , Guinevere ( 1999 ) , Sweet Home Alabama ( 2002 ) , I Heart Huckabees ( 2004 ) , and The Accountant ( 2016 ) . Between 2006 and 2007 , she portrayed Martha Logan on the series 24 , and later starred as Floyd Gerhardt on Noah Hawley 's critically acclaimed FX series Fargo ( 2015 ) , which earned her a Critics ' Choice Television Award as well as an Emmy Award nomination . Since 2017 , she stars in the FX series Legion , also by Hawley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd3c673983155274d991e48586ab93d5", "text": "List of accolades received by Gone Girl (film) Gone Girl is a 2014 psychological thriller film directed by David Fincher , and produced by Leslie Dixon , Bruna Papandrea , Arnon Milchan , Reese Witherspoon , Ceán Chaffin , and Joshua Donen . The screenplay was adapted by Gillian Flynn from her eponymous 2012 novel . Set in Missouri , United States , the film stars Ben Affleck as Nick Dunne , a writer who becomes the prime suspect in the mysterious disappearance of his wife Amy , played by Rosamund Pike . Neil Patrick Harris and Tyler Perry feature in supporting roles . The score was composed by Trent Reznor and Atticus Ross . Gone Girl premiered at the New York Film Festival on September 26 , 2014 , before 20th Century Fox gave the film a wide release at over 3,000 theaters in the United States and Canada on October 3 . It grossed over $ 368 million on a production budget of $ 61 million . As of June 2016 , Gone Girl is Fincher 's highest-grossing film . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 295 reviews and judged 88 % to be positive . Gone Girl garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its direction , Pike 's lead acting performance , Flynn 's screenplay , and its score . At the 87th Academy Awards , Pike received a nomination for Best Actress . The film received four nominations at the 72nd Golden Globe Awards : Best Director for Fincher , Best Actress in a Drama for Pike , Best Screenplay for Flynn , and Best Original Score . Pike won the Empire Award for Best Actress , and garnered nominations in the same category at the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards and 68th British Academy Film Awards ( BAFTAs ) . She also received the Breakthrough Performance Award from the Palm Springs International Film Festival . Flynn was nominated at the BAFTAs , as well as the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review included the film in their list of top ten films of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "69a7bf9c87033bfdf3860992896c822d", "text": "List of The Newsroom episodes The Newsroom is an American television drama series created by Aaron Sorkin , which premiered on the premium cable network HBO on June 24 , 2012 . The series concluded on December 14 , 2014 , and consists of 25 episodes over three seasons . Jeff Daniels stars as Atlantis Cable News anchor Will McAvoy , who takes a mandatory leave of absence after a public tirade about America 's shortcomings during a political debate . Upon his return , he discovers that most of his staff have quit . Seeing an opportunity to return to the glory days of televised news instead of ratings-driven infotainment , his boss Charlie Skinner ( Sam Waterston ) has hired Will 's ex-girlfriend MacKenzie McHale ( Emily Mortimer ) as the new executive producer . McHale shares Skinner 's vision of TV news , and she and Will immediately butt heads . The series is executive produced by Aaron Sorkin , Scott Rudin , and Alan Poul .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06bee763ab88bf322c23edce2ef326cd", "text": "Dallas–Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards 2014 The 20th Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association Awards honoring the best in film for 2014 were announced on December 15 , 2014 . These awards `` recognizing extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association ( DFWFCA ) , based in the Dallas -- Fort Worth metroplex region of Texas . The organization , founded in 1990 , includes 30 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications based in north Texas . The Dallas -- Fort Worth Film Critics Association began presenting its annual awards list in 1993 . Birdman was the DFWFCA 's most awarded film of 2014 , taking five top honors . Birdman won in Best Picture , Best Actor ( Michael Keaton ) , Best Director ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu ) , Best Cinematography ( Emmanuel Lubezki ) , and Best Screenplay ( Alejandro G. Iñárritu , Nicolás Giacobone , Alexander Dinelaris Jr. , and Armando Bo ) . Another film , Boyhood , earned multiple 2014 honors from the DFWFCA . The coming-of-age tale received top honors in the Best Supporting Actress ( Patricia Arquette ) as well as being presented the Russell Smith Award as the `` best low-budget or cutting-edge independent film '' of the year . The award is named in honor of late Dallas Morning News film critic Russell Smith . Reese Witherspoon was named Best Actress for her role as Cheryl Strayed in Wild . The other films earning honors were Sweden 's Force Majeure for Best Foreign Language Film , Citizenfour as Best Documentary Film , and The Lego Movie for Best Animated Film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6d623335f3c51f6a5aeb9db8c3386da7", "text": "Home Again (The X-Files) `` Home Again '' is the fourth episode of the tenth season of The X-Files . Written and directed by Glen Morgan , it first aired February 8 , 2016 , and guest stars Tim Armstrong as Trashman , Sheila Larken as Margaret Scully , Antonio Banderas as Painter , and Veena Sood as Dr. Louise Colquitt .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7025dc8c4038035d7a1d39d8259c68f6", "text": "Andrea Berloff Andrea Berloff ( born 1974 ) is an American screenwriter , actress , and producer . Berloff is best known for writing the 2006 disaster drama film World Trade Center , and co-writing the 2015 biographical drama Straight Outta Compton .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3576191260d53e17d73523160f06816c", "text": "Robert Allan Ackerman Robert Allan Ackerman ( born June 30 , 1944 , Brooklyn ) is an American film and theatre director . He has directed numerous films since 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ce970c0ad6e1be546fed019e28e4a0b", "text": "Amy Carlson Amy Lynn Carlson ( born July 7 , 1968 ) is an American television actress , known for her roles as Linda Reagan in the CBS police procedural Blue Bloods , as Alex Taylor on the NBC drama Third Watch , and Josie Watts in the NBC daytime soap opera Another World .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14e892e9fad020ffb21ba3880939ce54", "text": "Matthew Greenfield Matthew Greenfield ( born September 14 , 1968 ) a producer of independent films . He is senior vice-president of production at Fox Searchlight . He was formerly the associate director of the Sundance Institute Feature Film Program . Greenfield attended the Crossroads School , a private school associated with the entertainment industry , and later attended Wesleyan University . At Wesleyan , he met future collaborator Miguel Arteta . Greenfield and Arteta teamed up to make Star Maps , which debuted in 1997 at the Sundance Film Festival and received five Independent Spirit Award nominations , including Best First Feature . They followed with Chuck & Buck in 2000 , for which they won the Independent Spirit John Cassavetes Award for Best Low Budget Feature , and The Good Girl in 2002 , starring Jennifer Aniston . In 2005 Greenfield worked as a producer on The Motel and Are You the Favorite Person of Anybody ? Greenfield started Cloverfield Press , a boutique publishing company , in 2004 with his wife , Laurence Dumortier .", "title": "" } ]
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7b22fc6b434c74c0491756852a1da8dd
Alessia Cara worked with producer Zedd in 2017 to record the audio track "Stay".
[ { "docid": "251376a48c27b1e7b7e5cbb292485393", "text": "Alessia Cara Alessia Caracciolo ( -LSB- aˈlɛssja kaˈrattʃolo -RSB- ; born July 11 , 1996 ) , professionally known as Alessia Cara , is a Canadian singer and songwriter . She is signed to EP Entertainment and Def Jam Recordings and released her debut single , `` Here '' , from the debut studio album , Know-It-All , released November 13 , 2015 . A sleeper hit , the song reached the top five in the United States and the top 20 in Canada . Prior to her work for Def Jam , she produced acoustic covers on YouTube . In 2016 , her single `` Scars to Your Beautiful '' reached the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100 and topped the US pop radio charts . In 2017 , Cara collaborated with producer Zedd to create the single `` Stay '' , which has since reached number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it her third top ten song .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "6af55ab52cdcd14e75c94722346e4b9d", "text": "Switch (Iggy Azalea song) `` Switch '' is a song recorded by Australian rapper Iggy Azalea featuring Brazilian singer Anitta , from her upcoming second studio album , Digital Distortion . It was released on 19 May 2017 , by Def Jam as the third single from the album . `` Switch '' was written by Azalea with Anton Hård af Segerstad , Akil King , Christopher Martin , Christopher Wallace , Jalacy J. Hawkins , Georgia Ku , Kyle Owens and Maurice `` Verse '' Simmonds . It was produced by The Family and Eric Weaver . `` Switch '' is a pop song , with a tropical vibe and Latin flavor , having in its instrumentation bass , plucky strings , bongos , and hand claps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b884c90965fe3845b48069700bb41920", "text": "Rod Carrillo Rod Carrillo is a dance and Latin music producer , a house DJ , remixer and record label president . Born in the Republic of Panama , he began the Carrillo music record label in 2007 and is a sought after producer and remixer/DJ . Under his , Carrillo Music imprint , he has been known for producing the dance hits : `` Overload , '' `` 2 of US , '' `` Zimmee , '' `` It Would , '' `` Take Control , '' `` Mayhem , '' `` Sweet Sugar Poison '' produced for Julissa Veloz ( US Dance # 2 , Italy # 33 , Germany # 17 , Poland # 10 ) , `` Spotlight '' with Eddie Amador and Georgia Nicole ( US Dance # 8 ) , `` Big Mama 's House '' - Capretta ( US Dance # 20 ) , `` Going Strong '' - Natalia Flores ( US Dance # 1 ) `` Beauty Queen '' and `` Boy If You Only Knew '' for Kelsey B ( US Dance 42 ) , and `` Breathe , '' `` 54 '' - Eric Redd ( US Dance # 32 ) . Some of his most known remix productions include : `` Teardrops '' Cole Plante x Bobi , `` Heat of The Night '' - Paulina Rubio , `` I 'm A Fire '' - Donna Summer ( US Dance # 1 ) , `` Crazy Possessive '' - Kaci Battaglia ( US Dance # 1 ) , `` Keep Your Body Working '' - Tony Moran and Martha Wash ( US Dance # 1 ) , `` Caught Me Slippin '' - Nathan Fagan-Gayle feat . Flo Rida , `` Just A Man '' - George Hodos & Snoop Dogg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42099ab5941abb21ee4f531c0c285f9d", "text": "Future soul Future Throwback Soul is a term often used by UK singer-songwriter Daley in the 2010s to describe a style of music that emerged from soul and contemporary R&B . Although both soulful and conscious , future soul is distinguished from neo soul as it infuses more elements of pop , electronica , dubstep and hip hop instead of jazz and funk . Simply put , Future Soul is soulful songwriting infused with forward thinking electronic production . Future soul has emerged into the mainstream with commercial and critical success from several future soul artists such as Alex Clare and his hit song `` Too Close '' , Daley , Kymistry , Omari Oneal and Janelle Monáe . French DJ David Guetta has done future soul in his song `` Night of Your Life '' , which features American singer Jennifer Hudson . Grammy nominated Melbourne-based band Hiatus Kaiyote have described their music as future soul . The genre since its inception has taken on a much more defined sound with artists like Josh Jacobson who emerged around the same time as Daley . Josh went on to produce tracks such as , `` Not Alone ( feat . Skela ) '' ( 2015 ) , and his cover of Little Dragon 's , `` Twice , '' ( 2016 ) , which both created waves in the online music community for a unique yet defined sound . Surrounding these releases , press including electronic tastemaker 's Nest HQ were dubbing Josh 's sound as `` Future Soul . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aab5071ac95a8ee006d3947f6a2bd7c6", "text": "Everyday (Ariana Grande song) `` Everyday '' is a song by American singer Ariana Grande from her third studio album , Dangerous Woman ( 2016 ) , featuring rapper Future . It was released by Republic Records as the album 's fourth single on January 10 , 2017 . The song was written by Savan Kotecha , Ilya , Grande and Future , and produced by Ilya . `` Everyday '' is a woozy electropop and trap song built around a grinding beat and a thrumming bassline . One of Grande 's more lyrically explicit songs , the lyrics speak of sexual satisfaction . The track received mixed reviews from music critics who appreciated its production , but were ambivalent towards Future 's feature .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c92e81862bb7cd8622398989f03e2bf", "text": "Underworld (Vamps album) Underworld is the fourth album by Vamps , released on 28 April 2017 . The production took place in Henderson , Nevada by producer Kane Churko .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9a4c5695c7429e9f2b1e42ed22d53383", "text": "Sugar Symphony Sugar Symphony is the debut extended play ( EP ) by American recording duo Chloe x Halle . It was released under Parkwood Entertainment , under exclusive license to Columbia Records , on April 29 , 2016 . The EP was their first official release since being signed by Beyoncé . The EP features their debut single , `` Drop '' . The music video for the single was directed by Andrew Hines , and currently has over two million views on YouTube . In March 2016 , Michelle Obama introduced Chloe and Halle at the White House Easter Egg Roll , where they performed `` Fall '' from the EP , alongside Michelle Obama 's `` This Is For My Girls '' and an unreleased track , `` Baby Bird '' . In June , they performed `` Drop '' at the YouTube Music Foundry in New York City , and later in the month at the BET Awards 2016 in Los Angeles . In July , they performed songs from the EP as a support act for the European leg of Beyoncé 's The Formation World Tour .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38b0670ba46f7613ecf52b06b5993f89", "text": "Disclosure discography English electronic music duo Disclosure has released two studio albums , six extended plays , 14 singles and three promotional singles . Their debut studio album , Settle , was released in June 2013 , peaking at number one on the UK Albums Chart . The duo scored their first UK hit in October 2012 with `` Latch '' , featuring vocals from English singer Sam Smith . The song peaked at number 11 on the UK Singles Chart . `` White Noise '' was released as the second single from the album in February 2013 , reaching number two on the UK Singles Chart . `` You & Me '' was released as the third single from the album in April 2013 , peaking at number 10 on the UK Singles Chart . `` F for You '' was released as the fourth single from the album in August 2013 . The single was re-released in February 2014 with Mary J. Blige providing guest vocals . `` Help Me Lose My Mind '' was released as the album 's fifth single in October 2013 . `` Voices '' was released as the album 's sixth single on in December 2013 . The duo 's second studio album , Caracal , was released in September 2015 . `` Bang That '' was released as a promotional single in May 2015 ; however , the song appears on the deluxe edition of the album instead of the standard edition . `` Holding On '' , featuring American jazz musician Gregory Porter , was released as the album 's lead single . The song peaked at number 46 in the UK Singles Chart . Disclosure 's second collaboration with Smith , `` Omen '' , was released as the second single from the album in July 2015 , reaching number 13 on the UK Singles Chart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3d7f456d5ac92efd0568edbe71efea5", "text": "Diamá discography Diamá 's ( Claudia D'Addio ) discography starts 2006 with an unofficial Single `` You ca n't stop me/Identit à '' , recorded when she was part of the Eurovision Song Contest 2006 entry for Switzerland Six4One . Both songs were never part of an album but became part of the Six4One album . The single was physically released in Switzerland only through Phonag . Digitally it was released worldwide by Chips Records ( Germany ) . At the time she was signed with Jupiter Records , record label of notorious German composer and producer Ralph Siegel . Due to different views about her career both sides did not dispose picking up the option for an album . Everything was resolved in collegial manners . After this experience she and her songwriter and longtime friend Jiameé started working on new material , but Diamá felt not ready to start an own career and wanted to discover what kind of artist she is on her own . 2007 she collaborated on many projects with DJs and worked on improving her vocal skills . 2008 she started discovering the music set in her Italian roots . Infatuated by Mediterranean sounds and instruments , today 's heavy hip-hop beats or electronic elements and inspired by Italian divas such as Sophia Loren , Anna Magnani , Gina Lollobrigida or Giulietta Masina she started understanding what moves her as an artist . Her Italian hometown Caserta and her favorite city Naples both located in the Campania region of Italy furnished most of the inspiration for her debut album set to be released in 2014 . Powerful images of strong Italian women inspired the look of her first album . Two young and talented photographers based in Switzerland Shpend Salihu and Basil Stücheli translated her vision into art . The album has a sad undertone due to the fact that she lost her childhood friend in a tragic accident in 2009 . Her whole album is dedicated first of all to his memory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d9a923b8472fe8b2ae4ac87ead825e3", "text": "Make It Last Forever (album) Make It Last Forever is the debut album of American R&B recording artist Keith Sweat . It was recorded at INS Recording and Power Play Studios in New York City . Released on November 24 , 1987 , the album went to # 1 on the Top R&B Albums chart for three weeks ( and topped the Billboard Year-End R&B chart for 1988 ) , and # 5 on the Billboard 200 . Make It Last Forever was one of the earliest R&B albums to showcase the up-and-coming new jack swing sound , as it was mostly produced by Sweat himself and music producer Teddy Riley . The album 's biggest hit was `` I Want Her '' , a # 5 hit on the Billboard Hot 100 and the first # 1 R&B hit for Sweat . The title track ( a duet with Jacci McGhee ) followed `` I Want Her '' , making the # 2 R&B spot , while `` Do n't Stop Your Love '' and `` Something Just Ai n't Right '' were also major top ten hits on the Billboard R&B charts . In addition , album tracks such as `` Right and a Wrong Way '' and `` How Deep is Your Love '' received substantial radio airplay and can still be heard on quiet storm format stations . On April 6 , 1994 , Make It Last Forever was certified triple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America , for shipments of three million copies in the United States . The single `` I Want Her '' was certified gold by the RIAA on June 13 , 1989 , for shipments of 500,000 copies in the US .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02971fe7b9b2722635d933809f990379", "text": "Alison Wonderland Alex Sholler , better known by her stage name Alison Wonderland , is a Sydney-based DJ and producer signed to EMI Music Australia , which is part of Universal Music Australia . She initially trained as a classical musician , and is a trained cellist . In 2014 she embarked on a national tour playing in warehouses across Australia . Wonderland 's debut album , Run , was released on 20 March 2015 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "890e246a8446f4823092acd416b53728", "text": "Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs . She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two . Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S. Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) . On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video . It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bde4445b6da1acf17ef9bb39c5ca11da", "text": "Stay Down (song) `` Stay Down '' is a song by American recording artist Mary J. Blige from her eighth studio album , Growing Pains ( 2007 ) . It was produced by Bryan-Michael Cox , who co-wrote the song with Johnta Austin and Blige herself . Released as the album 's third and final single , it replaced `` Hurt Again '' , that was released for a short time for airplay , but at the last minute was canceled in the favor of `` Stay Down '' . The video for `` Stay Down '' was directed by Hype Williams and premiered on April 17 , 2008 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1c1254adf3137578fa5249632d5e1f6", "text": "Mo Bounce `` Mo Bounce '' is a song recorded by Australian rapper Iggy Azalea , it was released as the second single from her upcoming second studio album , Digital Distortion , on 23 March 2017 and it debuted on Zane Lowe 's Beats 1 radio show . It was produced by The Stereotypes and Far East Movement . The song was teased from the beginning of the month of March with various pictures posted on her social networks , some of them being gifs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "31e3d136f6c1a09d9b9afec0f391ee43", "text": "Alesha Dixon discography Alesha Dixon , a British R&B singer has released three studio albums , nine lead singles ( not including two singles on which she is featured and three promotional singles ) and thirteen music videos . Dixon was also a member of the popular music group Mis-Teeq , together with whom she released four albums and several successful singles . Dixon 's discography as a solo artist began with the release of `` Lipstick '' under the mononym `` Alesha '' on 14 August 2006 in the United Kingdom , intended as the lead single from her album Fired Up . The song reached number fourteen on the UK Singles Chart , and was followed by `` Knockdown , '' the poor performance of which caused the album 's release to be cancelled and Alesha to be dropped by record label Polydor . However , Fired Up was released both physically and digitally in Japan , where it reached number 54 on the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart . Following Dixon 's success on BBC reality television programme Strictly Come Dancing , she was signed to Asylum Records to release her second album The Alesha Show . The album yielded four singles , two of which reached the top ten of the UK Singles Chart . One , titled `` The Boy Does Nothing '' is Dixon 's best-selling single release to date , as it achieved worldwide chart success . The Alesha Show went on to be certified Platinum by the British Phonographic Industry , denoting shipments of 300,000 copies and allowing her to begin recording for her third studio album The Entertainer , which was preceded by the single `` Drummer Boy '' . Despite yielding four singles , the album peaked at just number 84 on the UK Albums Chart and was not certified , leading to Dixon parting with her record label .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59fe6de66a9b3b57855b7f842ae9bb8b", "text": "Zedd (disambiguation) Zedd ( born 1989 ) is a Russian-German electro house producer and DJ . Zedd may also refer to : Lord Zedd , a fictional character in the Power Rangers television series Zeddicus Zu ' l Zorander , a fictional character in the Sword of Truth fantasy series by Terry Goodkind Nick Zedd ( born 1958 ) , American filmmaker", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01448e8afdb4c88c54e325ba3da71b68", "text": "Pause (Pitbull song) `` Pause '' is a song from American rapper Pitbull 's sixth studio album , Planet Pit . The song was written by Armando C. Perez , Adrian Santalla , Abdesamad Ben Abdelouahid , Ari Kalimi and Urales Vargas , and it was produced by DJ Buddha . The song peaked to number 33 on the New Zealand Singles Chart . `` Pause '' was used to promote the Zumba fitness program . It is also the theme song of the video game Zumba Fitness 2 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dee25a3da6c8dce3f712782d9af033d9", "text": "Forever (Alesso album) Forever ( stylised as FOREVER ) is the debut studio album by Swedish DJ and record producer Alesso . It was released on 22 May 2015 by Def Jam Recordings . Alesso has said of the album , `` It 's been an indescribable journey to get this album together . I 'm so proud of it , it 's very personal to me , it 's a dream to me that this has come together and I do what I love every single day . I hope my fans will enjoy it as much as I enjoyed making it and all the memories and emotions that went into every song . Thank you to everyone who helped me on this incredible journey and this is just the beginning . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "278088df63d33203bb8c0bf0b233a87a", "text": "Party (Beyoncé song) `` Party '' is a song recorded by American singer Beyoncé for her fourth studio album , 4 ( 2011 ) . It features guest vocals from American rapper André 3000 and uncredited vocals from Kanye West , and was released by Columbia Records as the fourth single from 4 on August 30 , 2011 . The song was written by Kanye West , Jeff Bhasker and Beyoncé , with the production being handled by Beyoncé and West and was co-produced by Bhasker . A midtempo R&B song , `` Party '' exhibits elements of the 1980s funk and soul music , and samples the 1985 song `` La Di Da Di '' , written by Dexter Mills , Douglas Davis and Ricky Walters . It recalls the work of New Edition and Prince , among others . Built on a 808-retro beat , multi-tracked harmonies , and a smooth groove , the song 's instrumentation includes slow-bouncing synthesizers , keyboard tones , and drums . Lyrically , `` Party '' gives ode to political themes such as feminism and sexual empowerment . In his rap verses , André 3000 references milk and gets philosophical about his own career . `` Party '' was nominated for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration at the 54th Grammy Awards . The song reached number 50 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart . It debuted on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart in July 2011 , and peaked at number 2 on the chart for three consecutive weeks . Following the release of 4 , `` Party '' charted at number 19 on the South Korea Gaon International Singles Chart . `` Party '' was part of Beyoncé 's set list for her 4 Intimate Nights with Beyoncé and the Revel Presents : Beyoncé Live residency shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f65d66477cce7a898a2ba04cd40f918", "text": "1-800-273-8255 (song) `` 1-800-273-8255 '' is a song by American rapper Logic . It was released on April 28 , 2017 , through Visionary Music Group and Def Jam Recordings , as the third single from his third studio album Everybody . The song 's name is from the phone number for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline . The song features vocals from singer-songwriters Alessia Cara and Khalid . The song was produced by Logic and 6ix .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a2980f89d6b880a82ed3f3efbdb3cc9", "text": "Think About It (Naughty Boy song) `` Think About It '' is a song by British record producer Naughty Boy , featuring vocals from American rapper Wiz Khalifa and English singer Ella Eyre . It was released on 17 November 2013 as the fourth single from Naughty Boy 's debut album , Hotel Cabana . The song entered the UK Singles Chart at number 80 and climbed to number 78 on the second week . It premiered on MistaJam 's BBC Radio 1Xtra show on 14 August 2013 . A remix by Wilkinson was given the title of Zane Lowe 's Hottest Record in the World . It is featured in the soundtrack to the 2014 film Vampire Academy . The music video was released on October 29 , 2013 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
5c0d665e2a229d43f6e4dba26fe3d7e8
Boeing 737s serve markets previously filled by other midsize airliners.
[ { "docid": "1dfde07123afd95705d5c9ec8b15f92d", "text": "Boeing 727 The Boeing 727 is a midsized , narrow-body three-engined jet aircraft built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes from the early 1960s to 1984 . It can carry 149 to 189 passengers and later models can fly up to 2700 nmi nonstop . Intended for short and medium-length flights , the 727 can use relatively short runways at smaller airports . It has three Pratt & Whitney JT8D engines below the T-tail , one on each side of the rear fuselage with a center engine that connects through an S-duct to an inlet at the base of the fin . The 727 is Boeing 's only trijet aircraft . The 727 followed the 707 , a quad-jet airliner , with which it shares its upper fuselage cross-section and cockpit design . The 727-100 first flew in February 1963 and entered service with Eastern Air Lines in February 1964 ; the stretched 727-200 flew in July 1967 and entered service with Northeast Airlines that December . The 727 became a mainstay of airlines ' domestic route networks and was also used on short - and medium-range international routes . Passenger , freighter , and convertible versions of the 727 were built . The 727 was heavily produced into the 1970s ; the last 727 was completed in 1984 . , a total of 64 Boeing 727s ( 4 × 727-100s and 60 × -200 s ) were in commercial service with 26 airlines , plus a few more in government and private use . Airport noise regulations have led to 727s being equipped with hush kits .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "580159eae60d55bf42fb41d375313ccf", "text": "Boeing 737 The Boeing 737 is an American short - to medium-range twinjet narrow-body airliner . Originally developed as a shorter , lower-cost twin-engine airliner derived from Boeing 's 707 and 727 , the 737 has developed into a family of ten passenger models with capacities from 85 to 215 passengers . The 737 is Boeing 's only narrow-body airliner in production , with the 737 Next Generation ( -700 , -800 , and -900 ER ) variants currently being built . Production has also begun on the re-engined and redesigned 737 MAX , which is set to enter service in 2017 . Originally envisioned in 1964 , the initial 737-100 made its first flight in April 1967 and entered airline service in February 1968 at Lufthansa . Next , the lengthened 737-200 entered service in April 1968 . In the 1980s Boeing launched the -300 , -400 , and -500 models , subsequently referred to as the Boeing 737 Classic series . The 737 Classics added capacity and incorporated CFM56 turbofan engines along with wing improvements . In the 1990s , Boeing introduced the 737 Next Generation , with multiple changes including a redesigned , increased span laminar flow wing , upgraded `` glass '' cockpit , and new interior . The 737 Next Generation comprises the four -600 , -700 , -800 , and -900 models , ranging from 102 ft to 138 ft in length . Boeing Business Jet versions of the 737 Next Generation are also produced . The 737 series is the best-selling jet commercial airliner in history . The 737 has been continuously manufactured by Boeing since 1967 with 9,486 aircraft delivered and 4,478 orders yet to be fulfilled . Assembly of the 737 is performed at the Boeing Renton Factory in Renton , Washington . Many 737s serve markets previously filled by 707 , 727 , 757 , DC-9 , and MD-80 / MD-90 airliners , and the aircraft currently competes primarily with the Airbus A320 family . As of 2006 , there were an average of 1,250 Boeing 737s airborne at any given time , with two departing or landing somewhere every five seconds .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "265e522b29c492fb85a0a5379f0100ba", "text": "Piedmont Crescent The Piedmont Crescent , also known as the Piedmont Urban Crescent , is a large , polycentric urbanized region in the U.S. state of North Carolina that forms the northern section of the rapidly developing Piedmont Atlantic megalopolis ( or `` megaregion '' ) , a conurbation also known as the `` I-85 Boombelt '' , which extends from the Raleigh area ) to Atlanta , Georgia in the southeastern United States . Residents commonly attribute development of the Crescent communities to the Indian Trading Path and related settlements established by indigenous peoples long before European contact . The Trading Path was also used by European traders , and later by settlers entering the backcountry regions of the piedmont of North Carolina , South Carolina and Georgia . Forming the shape of a crescent in North Carolina , the region is located in the central Piedmont area of the state . European-American settlement progressed generally from the east to the west , from what is now metropolitan Raleigh-Durham and the Research Triangle area at its eastern edge , through the Piedmont Triad cities of Greensboro and Winston-Salem at its center , and southwest to metropolitan Charlotte . This region has undergone sustained population and economic growth ( acutely in the Charlotte and Raleigh areas ) since the late 19th century , a trend that has accelerated since the late 20th century . It is notable as the fourth-largest manufacturing region in the country , as well as an international center of banking and finance , textiles , biotech and high technology . The region includes seven of North Carolina 's eight largest cities and encompasses many smaller cities , towns and suburban areas , as well as the metropolitan centers of the Research Triangle , Piedmont Triad , and Charlotte Metropolitan Area . It is home to almost two-thirds of North Carolina 's population . Ten major universities -- Duke , NC State , UNC Chapel Hill , UNC Charlotte , NC Central , Wake Forest , UNC-Greensboro , NC A&T State University , Elon University and High Point University -- and three international airports ( CLT , RDU and GSO ) , as well as the world-renowned Research Triangle Park , also are located in the region . Its three Combined Statistical Areas have a total population of about 6 million people ( Raleigh-Durham , 1.98 million ; Greensboro , High Point , Winston-Salem , 1.66 million ; and Charlotte , 2.62 million ) , together representing over 63 % of the state 's total population . The Piedmont Crescent name is thought to have been coined when the North Carolina Railroad company first laid tracks through the area in 1855-56 . The railway , which was named the `` Piedmont Crescent Railroad '' , brought extensive growth to the communities along its route . These evolved to comprise today 's interlinked urbanized region . Although the freight and passenger rail corridor remains of critical importance , the region 's Interstate 85 and Interstate 40 freeway system serves as its primary transportation link today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f32b79524c4500671199526699c166f4", "text": "Cargo airline Cargo airlines ( or airfreight carriers , and derivatives of these names ) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air . Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "912b560c9cea3efaca483a5bec1404a3", "text": "Superior Aviation Beijing Superior Aviation Beijing is a Chinese aircraft manufacturer . Superior was initially formed as Qingdao Haili Helicopter Co and Qingdao Brantly Investment Group , a private venture that purchased the Brantly International rights and tooling to manufacture a UAV in China . Superior Aviation was formed in 2010 with the purchase of the American aircraft part manufacturer , Superior Air Parts . It is 60 % owned by Chairman Cheng Shenzong , and 40 % owned by Beijing E-Town International Investment & Development Co. , Ltd. , an economic development agency of the Beijing municipal government . In July 2012 , Superior entered a contract to takeover the assets of Hawker Beechcraft pending approval . The deal did not include the Hawker Beechcraft Defense Company subsidiary . On 18 October 2012 multiple sources reported that the negotiations for the takeover had failed . Euan Rocha and Stuart Grudgings writing for Reuters reported that the CEO of Hawker Beechcraft , Steve Miller , had attributed the failure to `` China-bashing by U.S. presidential candidates may have contributed to failure of the talks '' although an article in that Wall Street Journal pointed to other reasons for the failure of the negotiations , including national security concerns as `` the company 's defense operations were integrated with its civilian businesses that proved difficult to untangle '' , and legal complications , as `` advisers in the U.S. had trouble negotiating with Chinese representatives unfamiliar with U.S. finance and bankruptcy law . '' A press release from Hawker Beechcraft ascribing the failure to the fact that , `` the proposed transaction with Superior could not be completed on terms acceptable to the company . '' Textron Aviation eventually bought Hawker Beechcraft in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f46561196c56583d00983eac1a1524cf", "text": "Service economy Service economy can refer to one or both of two recent economic developments : The increased importance of the service sector in industrialized economies . The current list of Fortune 500 companies contains more service companies and fewer manufacturers than in previous decades . The relative importance of service in a product offering . The service economy in developing countries is mostly concentrated in financial services , hospitality , retail , health , human services , information technology and education . Products today have a higher service component than in previous decades . In the management literature this is referred to as the servitization of products or a product-service system . Virtually every product today has a service component to it . The old dichotomy between product and service has been replaced by a service-product continuum . Many products are being transformed into services . For example , IBM treats its business as a service business . Although it still manufactures computers , it sees the physical goods as a small part of the `` business solutions '' industry . They have found that the price elasticity of demand for `` business solutions '' is much less than for hardware . There has been a corresponding shift to a subscription pricing model . Rather than receiving a single payment for a piece of manufactured equipment , many manufacturers are now receiving a steady stream of revenue for ongoing contracts . Full cost accounting and most accounting reform and monetary reform measures are usually thought to be impossible to achieve without a good model of the service economy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c563eba07c1069ea30006fce1164bef8", "text": "OMAC Laser 300 __ NOTOC __ The OMAC Laser 300 , originally named the OMAC I was a business aircraft built in the United States in 1981 but which never reached production . It was a highly unusual design , with a canard layout , a pusher-mounted turboprop engine , and a high , cantilever , swept wing carrying endplate-type fins at its tips . Construction was of metal throughout . The cabin could seat six-seven passengers , but incorporated quick-change seats , allowing rapid conversion to carrying light freight . Early in development , plans existed to produce a turbofan-powered version of the design , but this did not happen . The first prototype flew on 11 December 1981 and OMAC ( `` Old Man 's Aircraft Company '' ) initially hoped to obtain type certification by mid 1982 . These efforts were delayed by an accident on the ground , and then a landing accident caused by the failure of a locking pin on the undercarriage . A second prototype took to the air on 19 February 1983 , and certification was expected `` no later than December 1984 '' . Late in 1983 , however , the certification process was still only in its preliminary stages . In the mid-1980s , the Laser 300 program became one of the first projects carried out cooperatively by NASA and private industry when a joint team used the Langley 12-Foot Low-Speed Tunnel to investigate the stability and control characteristics of the unusual design . Special attention was paid to behavior at high angles of attack and to stall and spin resistance . The results were unfavorable , indicating poor longitudinal stability at high angles of attack . The wing design was modified to address this problem , with an extension added to the trailing edge flap , and a discontinuous , leading edge droop added to the outboard section of the wings . Stall characteristics were found to be good , however , since the canard was found to provide a nose-down pitching moment at the point of a stall . These changes were tested on the second prototype before the design was frozen in April 1985 . Additionally , production machines were to have a redesigned fuselage of round cross-section , a redesigned nose , and additional baggage compartments . Meanwhile , OMAC relocated from its original home in Reno , Nevada to Albany , Georgia in January 1985 , as an agreement had been reached with Ayres Corporation to undertake the manufacture of the aircraft at the firm 's Albany plant . Certification was now anticipated by mid-1986 . By late 1986 , a third prototype was under construction at Ayres , incorporating the refinements that had been tested on the second machine . This machine was being constructed alongside three other Laser 300s , together representing the first four of thirty aircraft that Omac hoped to build by the end of 1987 . The third prototype ( and first production machine ) flew on 29 July 1987 and certification was now expected by May 1988 . By now , production of the redesigned Laser 300 was running one year behind schedule , and the projected cost of the airplane had risen from $ US 550,000 to $ 875,000 , albeit for a more capable aircraft . The aircraft was displayed at the NBAA show in Dallas , Texas in October 1988 , by which time 56 hours of flight testing had been carried out without incident . Certification was now expected by the end of 1989 or early 1990 . By February 1989 , however , $ 20 million was required to fund certification and initial production , with Omac hoping to have certification in place by May and 17 aircraft delivered by the end of the year at a cost of $ 975,000 per aircraft . In the event , finance was not forthcoming , and the program stalled at this point , although Omac continued to offer the aircraft as late as 1993 , along with an improved version designated the Laser 360 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b48f7bf0697f94fb584aafc609da6f2f", "text": "Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013 The Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013 is a bill related to airplane regulations in the United States of America that was introduced into the United States House of Representatives during the 113th United States Congress . The bill would require the Federal Aviation Authority to adopt the recommendations of the `` Part 23 Reorganization Aviation Rulemaking Committee '' about ways to modernize regulations on small aircraft . According to a fact sheet provided by the United States House Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure , the general aviation industry `` includes nearly 600,000 pilots , employs roughly 1.3 million people , and contributes approximately $ 150 billion annually to the U.S. economy . '' The industry has been undergoing some recent decline , some of which is blamed on outdated and inappropriate regulations that stifle innovation and unnecessarily increase costs . The Federal Aviation Administration began to deal with this situation in August 2011 by chartering the `` Part 23 Reorganization Aviation Rulemaking Committee . '' The Committee was `` charged with creating a progressive , tier-based system so that small recreational airplanes wo n't have to be designed and certificated under the same regulatory requirements as heavier , more complex and higher performance aircraft . '' The Federal Aviation Regulations ( FAR ) are divided into different Parts , with Part 23 comprising the section of rules related to small planes . In June 2013 , this Committee finished writing its recommendation for changes to make to FAR Part 23 `` to remove barriers to bringing new , safer airplane designs to market . '' The Committee 's recommendations included '' ( 1 ) removing prescriptive methods of compliance , ( 2 ) ensuring safety objectives address future technologies , ( 3 ) utilizing FAA-accepted consensus standards , ( 4 ) developing globally acceptable regulations , and ( 5 ) implementing these recommendations as soon as possible . '' There is also the possibility that these new regulations will be adopted by other countries , helping to set international standards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8857a9c975ad7af2d814f53d0f7c87d8", "text": "Burger King Burger King ( BK ) is an American global chain of hamburger fast food restaurants . Headquartered in the unincorporated area of Miami-Dade County , Florida , the company was founded in 1953 as InstaBurger King , a Jacksonville , Florida-based restaurant chain . After Insta-Burger King ran into financial difficulties in 1954 , its two Miami-based franchisees David Edgerton and James McLamore purchased the company and renamed it `` Burger King '' . Over the next half-century , the company would change hands four times , with its third set of owners , a partnership of TPG Capital , Bain Capital , and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners , taking it public in 2002 . In late 2010 , 3G Capital of Brazil acquired a majority stake in the company , in a deal valued at US$ 3.26 billion . The new owners promptly initiated a restructuring of the company to reverse its fortunes . 3G , along with partner Berkshire Hathaway , eventually merged the company with the Canadian-based doughnut chain Tim Hortons , under the auspices of a new Canadian-based parent company named Restaurant Brands International . The 1970s were the `` Golden Age '' of the company 's advertising , but beginning in the early-1980s , Burger King advertising began losing focus . A series of less successful advertising campaigns created by a procession of advertising agencies continued for the next two decades . In 2003 , Burger King hired the Miami-based advertising agency Crispin Porter + Bogusky ( CP+B ) , who completely reorganized its advertising with a series of new campaigns centered on a redesigned Burger King character nicknamed `` The King '' , accompanied by a new online presence . While highly successful , some of CP+B 's commercials were derided for perceived sexism or cultural insensitivity . Burger King 's new owner , 3G Capital , later terminated the relationship with CP+B in 2011 and moved its advertising to McGarryBowen , to begin a new product-oriented campaign with expanded demographic targeting . Burger King 's menu has expanded from a basic offering of burgers , French fries , sodas , and milkshakes to a larger and more diverse set of products . In 1957 , the `` Whopper '' became the first major addition to the menu , and it has become Burger King 's signature product since . Conversely , BK has introduced many products , which failed to catch hold in the marketplace . Some of these failures in the United States have seen success in foreign markets , where BK has also tailored its menu for regional tastes . From 2002 to 2010 , Burger King aggressively targeted the 18 -- 34 male demographic with larger products that often carried correspondingly large amounts of unhealthy fats and trans-fats . This tactic would eventually damage the company 's financial underpinnings , and cast a negative pall on its earnings . Beginning in 2011 , the company began to move away from its previous male-oriented menu and introduce new menu items , product reformulations and packaging , as part of its current owner 3G Capital 's restructuring plans of the company . As of December 31 , 2016 , Burger King reported it had 15,738 outlets in 100 countries . Of these , 47.5 % are in the United States and 99.5 % are privately owned and operated , with its new owners moving to an almost entirely franchised model in 2013 . BK has historically used several variations of franchising to expand its operations . The manner in which the company licenses its franchisees varies depending on the region , with some regional franchises , known as master franchises , responsible for selling franchise sub-licenses on the company 's behalf . Burger King 's relationship with its franchises has not always been harmonious . Occasional spats between the two have caused numerous issues , and in several instances , the company 's and its licensees ' relations have degenerated into precedent-setting court cases . Burger King 's Australian franchise Hungry Jack 's is the only franchise to operate under a different name , due to a trademark dispute and a series of legal cases between the two .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48e34269b29b304c9c7788b14e6d2e8e", "text": "Heavy (aeronautics) The term heavy is used , with exceptions noted below , during all radio transmissions between air traffic control and any aircraft which has been assigned a maximum takeoff weight ( MTOW ) rating of 136 t or more . Aircraft with a MTOW rating between 7 t and 136 t are considered medium and aircraft with a MTOW rating less than 7 t are considered light . In the US , the FAA uses a slightly different categorization . Aircraft capable of maximum takeoff weights more than 41000 lb and less than 300000 lb are considered large . Such `` heavy '' aircraft over 136 t create wake turbulence from the wings . The term is mostly used around airports during take off and landing , incorporated into their call sign so as to warn other aircraft that they need extra distance to avoid this wake turbulence . All wide-body aircraft are classified as heavy , with the exception of the Airbus A300B1 ( MTOW of 291000 lb , only two built and retired in 1990 ) , the Airbus A380 , and the Antonov An-225 , which are classified in the even larger category of super . Certain variants of the narrow-bodied Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8 were considered `` heavy '' based on MTOW . Of special note here is the narrow-bodied Boeing 757 . Under current guidance , the 757 is considered large , as it has a maximum MTOW of 116000 kg . After a number of accidents where smaller aircraft following closely behind a 757 crashed , however , the rules were changed so that controllers are required to apply the special wake turbulence separation criteria specified in paragraph 5-5-4 in the FAA guidelines for aircraft separation , as though the 757 were heavy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7e35ee8d4fd700ac9a412139aa2e6b34", "text": "Payload Payload is the carrying capacity of an aircraft or launch vehicle , usually measured in terms of weight . Depending on the nature of the flight or mission , the payload of a vehicle may include cargo , passengers , flight crew , munitions , scientific instruments or experiments , or other equipment . Extra fuel , when optionally carried , is also considered part of the payload . In a commercial context ( i.e. , an airline or air freight carrier ) , payload may refer only to revenue-generating cargo or paying passengers . For a rocket , the payload can be a satellite , space probe , or spacecraft carrying humans , animals , or cargo . For a ballistic missile , the payload is one or more warheads and related systems ; the total weight of these systems is referred to as the throw-weight . The fraction of payload to the total liftoff weight of the air or spacecraft is known as the `` payload fraction '' . When the weight of the payload and fuel are considered together , it is known as the `` useful load fraction '' . In spacecraft , `` mass fraction '' is normally used , which is the ratio of payload to everything else , including the rocket structure .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "defe419e3d9afe6e8f3f61b473c83364", "text": "Airbus Airbus SAS ( -LSB- ˈɛərbʌs -RSB- , -LSB- ɛʁbys -RSB- , -LSB- ˈɛːɐbʊs -RSB- , -LSB- ˈeirβus -RSB- ) is a division of the multinational Airbus Group SE that manufactures civil aircraft . It is based in Blagnac , France , a suburb of Toulouse , with production and manufacturing facilities mainly in France , Germany , Spain , China , United Kingdom and the United States . The company employed 72,816 people in 2016 . Airbus began as a consortium of aerospace manufacturers , Airbus Industrie . Consolidation of European defence and aerospace companies in 1999 and 2000 allowed the establishment of a simplified joint-stock company in 2001 , owned by the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company ( EADS ) ( 80 % ) and BAE Systems ( 20 % ) . After a protracted sales process BAE sold its shareholding to EADS on 13 October 2006 . Airbus has sixteen key sites in four countries : France , Germany , Spain and the United Kingdom . Final assembly production is based at Toulouse , France ; Hamburg , Germany ; Seville , Spain , Tianjin , China , and Mobile , United States . Airbus has subsidiaries in the United States , Japan and India . The company produces and markets the first commercially viable digital fly-by-wire airliner , the Airbus A320 , and the world 's largest passenger airliner , the A380 . The 10,000 th aircraft , an A350 , was delivered to Singapore Airlines on 14 October 2016 ; the global Airbus fleet having performed more than 110 million flights over 215 billion kilometres , carrying 12 billion passengers .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b905ae3bf3c989333a96bd5623366f84", "text": "Post-industrial economy A post-industrial economy refers to a period of growth within an industrialized economy or nation in which the relative importance of manufacturing reduces and that of services , information , and research grows . Such economies are often marked by : A declining manufacturing sector , resulting in deindustrialization , a large service sector , and an increase in the amount of information technology , often leading to an `` information age '' . Information , knowledge , and creativity are the new raw materials of such an economy . The industry aspect of a post-industrial economy is sent into less developed nations which manufacture what is needed at lower costs ( see outsourcing ) . This occurrence is typical of nations that industrialized in the past such as the United States and most Western European countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51e57d8e2340484b3c8d09b86fab75c0", "text": "Designated Airworthiness Representative A Designated Airworthiness Representative ( DAR ) is a private person designated by the United States Federal Aviation Administration to act on its behalf in the certification of type certificated and amateur-built aircraft for the issuance of airworthiness certificates , special flight permits , import aircraft , export certificates for products and articles , conformity inspections and field approvals for repair and alterations . Most DARs have limited and/or certain `` functions '' authorized by the FAA based on their experience and technical background . A DAR may charge a fee for his or her services . There are two types of DARs , DAR-T ( FSDO ) and DAR-F ( MIDO . ) A DAR-F primarily inspects/certifies new aircraft that have never been issued an airworthiness certificate ( original certification . ) A DAR-T inspects/re-certifies aircraft ( recurrent certification . ) DARs work within their geographic region , a geographic expansion maybe obtained however starting in 2015 some of these expansion request have been denied due to national policy changes . The aircraft owner or agent of aircraft owner may contact a DAR directly , the local FAA Flight Standards District Office ( FSDO ) or Manufacturing Inspection District Office ( MIDO ) for assistance . Consult the DAR Directory for a DAR in your area .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "557784b5af8f11dc4461b0d884e10fdf", "text": "Boeing RC-1 The Boeing RC-1 , short for `` Resource Carrier 1 '' , was a design for an enormous cargo aircraft intended to haul oil and minerals out of the northern reaches of Alaska and Canada where ice-free ports were not available . It was optimized for short-haul missions only , carrying cargo to locations for loading onto ships , trains or pipelines . Depending on the role , the design was nicknamed `` Brute Lifter '' or `` Flying Pipeline '' . The basic design had a rectangular wing spanning almost 500 ft , was powered by 12 Pratt & Whitney JT9D engines , and had 56 wheels in the main landing gear . A total of 2300000 lb of cargo was carried in two under-wing pods and fuselage . The RC-1 would have been roughly twice the size and mass of the Antonov An-225 Mriya , the largest aircraft built , but would have carried about five times the payload . The RC-1 was designed in the early 1970s . The rapid increase in jet fuel prices after 1973 doomed the project to be uneconomical .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46e1b3f7a0e17a3f3b24392054366210", "text": "Middle of the market The middle of the market , often abbreviated MoM , is a terminology used by Boeing Commercial Airplanes since at least 2003 to designate the airliner market between the narrowbody and the widebody aircraft . It is a market segment of the competition between Airbus and Boeing . In the Boeing lineup , it is situated between the largest Boeing 737 MAX-9 of 194,700 lb of maximum takeoff weight ( MTOW ) for 178 passengers in two class over a 3515 nmi range , and the smallest Boeing 787-8 of 502,500 lb for 242 passengers over a 7355 nmi range . It was previously covered by Boeing with the largest modern narrowbody , the Boeing 757 , typically the -200 for 200 passengers over 3,915 nmi with a 255,000 lb MTOW , and the smallest widebody , the seven-abreast Boeing 767 , typically the -300 ER for 269 passengers over 5,725 nmi with a 412,000 lb MTOW . In the Airbus lineup , it is between the A321neoLR of 97 t of MTOW for 206 passengers in two class over a 4000 nmi range , and the A330neo-800 of 242 t for 257 passengers in three class over a 7500 nmi range .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "598556d69640cecd488b5970a8516213", "text": "Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle The Sud Aviation Super-Caravelle was an early design for a supersonic transport . Unlike most competing designs which envisioned larger trans-Atlantic aircraft and led to the likes of the Boeing 2707 , the Super-Caravelle was a much smaller , shorter range design intended to replace their earlier and very successful Caravelle . Design work started in 1960 and was announced in 1961 at the Paris Air Show , but was later merged with similar work at the British Aircraft Corporation ( originally the Bristol 223 ) to create the Concorde project in November 1962 . After work had begun on designing Concorde , the Super Caravelle name was instead used on a lengthened version of the original Caravelle design , the SE-210B . The Super-Caravelle looks very much like a smaller version of Concorde . It used Concorde 's unique ogive wing planform , and was otherwise similar in shape and layout with the exception of the nose area , which was more `` conventional '' and only the outermost section over the radar `` drooped '' for visibility on takeoff and landing . In normal use it was designed to carry 70 passengers between 2000 to at about Mach 2 . The size and range requirements were set to make the Super-Caravelle `` perfect '' for Air France 's European and African routes . Concorde was originally to be delivered in two versions , a longer-range transatlantic version similar to the Bristol 223 that was eventually delivered as Concorde , and a smaller version for shorter range routes similar to the Super-Caravelle . After consultations with prospective customers , the smaller design was dropped .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "58483eb40ce984cfbd41486e0248b38f", "text": "WestJet WestJet Airlines Ltd. is a Canadian airline founded in 1996 . It began as a low-cost alternative to the country 's competing major airlines . WestJet provides scheduled and charter air service to 100 destinations in Canada , the United States , Europe , Mexico , Central America and the Caribbean . WestJet is currently the second-largest Canadian air carrier , behind Air Canada , operating an average of 425 flights and carrying over 45,000 passengers per day . In 2013 , WestJet carried 18.5 million passengers , making it the ninth-largest airline in North America by passengers carried . WestJet is a public company with more than 10,000 employees , and is not part of any airline alliance . It operates three variants of the Boeing 737 Next Generation family , as well as Boeing 767 aircraft , on select long-haul routes . Its subsidiary WestJet Encore also operates the Bombardier Q400 . The airline 's headquarters is located adjacent to the Calgary International Airport . In 2015 , WestJet had passenger revenues of CAN$ 4.029 billion and its earnings per share increased 19 % to C$ 2.92 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c606efede7909cc08e71b383026beb99", "text": "British Asia Airways British Asia Airways was a subsidiary of British Airways formed in March 1993 , based in Taiwan , to operate between London and Taipei via Hong Kong . This was due to political sensitivities , as national airlines operating flights to the People 's Republic of China were not permitted to fly to Taiwan . Similar arrangements were made by other airlines , such as Japan Airlines and Qantas . It used the Boeing 747-436 . repainted in a special livery , with the Union Flag tailfin being replaced by the Chinese characters 英亞 ( Hanyu Pinyin : Yīng Yà ; literally `` British Asia '' ) . It flew between Taipei and Hong Kong using the code BR , which BA had inherited from British Caledonian , while the flight from London used BA . It ceased operations after BA suspended flights to Taipei in December 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "467fe88553eedabbae42b5096c732dfd", "text": "Quick access recorder A quick access recorder ( QAR ) is an airborne flight data recorder designed to provide quick and easy access to raw flight data , through means such as USB or cellular network connections and/or the use of standard flash memory cards . QARs are typically used by airlines to improve flight safety and operational efficiency , usually in the scope of their flight operational quality assurance plans . Like the aircraft 's flight data recorder ( FDR ) , a QAR receives its inputs from the Flight Data Acquisition Unit ( FDAU ) , recording over 2000 flight parameters . The QAR is also able to sample data at much higher rates than the FDR and , in some cases , for longer periods of time . Unlike the FDR , the QAR usually is not required by a national Civil Aviation Authority on commercial flights and is not designed to survive an accident . Despite this , some QARs have survived accidents and provided valuable information beyond what was recorded by the FDR . The quick access recorder was pioneered by British European Airways ( BEA ) on its Hawker Siddeley Trident aircraft in the 1960 's as a requirement to prove the safety of the aircraft 's autoland system for certification of the autoland system by the CAA . Quick access recorders are carried by all BEA 's successor airline , British Airways ( BA ) , aircraft . Data from the Penny & Giles quick access recorder of a BA Boeing 747-400 London-Bankok flight in which the aircraft suffered un-commanded elevator movement and momentary elevator reversal caused Boeing to implement a change in the elevator servo valve design , a modification that was applied to all Boeing 747 's in service , and suspicion of a similar original valve design arising from this BA data was subsequently used by the NTSB in the determining of the causes of the crashes of United Airlines Flight 585 and USAir Flight 427 . Earlier , data from a Trident 's quick access recorder had provided the AAIB with useful supplemental data over-and-above that of the aircraft 's flight data recorder that helped the diagnosing of the cause of the 1972 British European Airways Flight 548 , the `` Staines air disaster '' where the Trident 's leading edge high lift devices ( `` droops '' ) had been retracted too early and at too low an airspeed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a69e0b66e4ad6cb27237a3685bba857", "text": "Airstair An airstair is a set of steps built into an aircraft so that passengers may board and alight the aircraft . The stairs are often built into a clamshell-style door on the aircraft . Airstairs eliminate the need for passengers to use a mobile stairway or jetway to board or exit the aircraft , providing more independence from ground services . Some of the earliest aircraft to feature airstairs were the Martin 2-0-2 and Martin 4-0-4 . Some models of the Douglas DC-3 were also retrofitted with airstairs . As airport infrastructure has developed , the need for airstairs has decreased , as jetways or mobile stairways are often available . Wide-body aircraft rarely employ airstairs , as the doors are significantly higher above the ground than narrow-body aircraft . One notable exception is the Lockheed L-1011 , the only wide-body aircraft to feature full-height airstairs . The only other wide-bodies with airstairs , the VC-25 and the Ilyushin Il-86 , have airstairs contained in the cargo hold , with steps inside the cabin to access these stairs . Some aircraft , like the Boeing 727 and McDonnell Douglas DC-9 , were designed to improve ground services , with passengers deplaning from the front as the aircraft is serviced from the rear , allowing for quicker turnarounds . Airstairs are also used as a security measure , for example on aircraft carrying the President of the United States , allowing the aircraft to be boarded by VIPs at any time - with or without the cooperation of ground services .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6854bd1b8b511eda76009ba7911a4396", "text": "Boeing 707 The Boeing 707 is a mid-sized , long-range , narrow-body , four-engine jet airliner built by Boeing Commercial Airplanes from 1958 to 1979 . Its name is commonly pronounced as `` seven oh seven '' . Versions of the aircraft have a capacity from 140 to 219 passengers and a range of 2500 to . Developed as Boeing 's first jet airliner , the 707 is a swept-wing design with podded engines . Although it was not the first jetliner in service , the 707 was the first to be commercially successful . Dominating passenger air transport in the 1960s and remaining common through the 1970s , the 707 is generally credited with ushering in the Jet Age . It established Boeing as one of the largest manufacturers of passenger aircraft , and led to the later series of airliners with `` 7x7 '' designations . The later 720 , 727 , 737 , and 757 share elements of the 707 's fuselage design . The 707 was developed from the Boeing 367-80 , a prototype jet first flown in 1954 . A larger fuselage cross-section and other modifications resulted in the initial-production 707-120 , powered by Pratt & Whitney JT3C turbojet engines , which first flew on December 20 , 1957 . Pan American World Airways began regular 707 service on October 26 , 1958 . Later derivatives included the shortened long-range 707-138 and the stretched 707-320 , both of which entered service in 1959 . A smaller short-range variant , the 720 , was introduced in 1960 . The 707-420 , a version of the stretched 707 with Rolls-Royce Conway turbofans , debuted in 1960 , while Pratt & Whitney JT3D turbofans debuted on the 707-120B and 707-320B models in 1961 and 1962 , respectively . The 707 has been used on domestic , transcontinental , and transatlantic flights , and for cargo and military applications . A convertible passenger-freighter model , the 707-320C , entered service in 1963 , and passenger 707s have been modified to freighter configurations . Military derivatives include the E-3 Sentry airborne reconnaissance aircraft and the C-137 Stratoliner VIP transports . Boeing produced and delivered 1,011 airliners including the smaller 720 series ; over 800 military versions were also produced . Ten Boeing 707s were in commercial service in July 2013 .", "title": "" } ]
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e4868557e8cf731b711dace4c5860471
Peter Davison is a professional television actor.
[ { "docid": "cd584a780d08191bed5e74363d4b40e2", "text": "Sink or Swim (TV series) Sink or Swim is a BBC TV sitcom from the 1980s with Peter Davison as the lead character Brian Webber . Brian Webber lives in a flat above a petrol station in London ( in the last series he moved to Newcastle to attend university ) . He 's trying hard to make his way in the world , thus far with limited success . His girlfriend , Sonia , is a very serious minded young woman who is passionate only about things like vegetarianism and ecology . When Brian 's younger brother , Steve , arrives in London looking for somewhere to stay , his lazy , cynical , noisy `` Northern lout '' attitude disrupts Brian 's already messy life . Like Only Fools and Horses , Sink or Swim was filmed in Bristol doubling for London . It ran for three series between 4 December 1980 and 14 October 1982 and was written by Alex Shearer , who later wrote the Nicholas Lyndhurst sitcom The Two of Us for LWT from 1986 to 1990 . Production of the sitcom overlapped the first two years of Davison also starring as the Fifth Doctor in Doctor Who , which imposed constraints on the recording schedules .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b994b98e4a2a13902f1cc766fad6d955", "text": "All Creatures Great and Small (TV series) All Creatures Great and Small is a British television series based on the books of the British veterinary surgeon Alf Wight , who wrote under the pseudonym James Herriot . In 1977 , the BBC tasked producer Bill Sellars with the creation of a television series from Herriot 's first two novels , If Only They Could Talk and It Should n't Happen to a Vet , using the title of the 1975 film adaptation . The series had two runs : the original ( 1978 to 1980 , based directly on Herriot 's books ) was for three series ; the second ( 1988 to 1990 , filmed with original scripts ) for four . Ninety episodes were broadcast in the six-year period .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49ad46836aa7e40011bece9f0331dda9", "text": "Peter Davison Peter Davison ( born Peter Malcolm Gordon Moffett on 13 April 1951 ) is an English actor with many credits in television dramas and sitcoms . He became famous as Tristan Farnon in the BBC 's television adaptation of James Herriot 's All Creatures Great and Small stories . His subsequent starring roles included the sitcoms Holding the Fort and Sink or Swim , the fifth incarnation of the Doctor in Doctor Who , Dr. Stephen Daker in A Very Peculiar Practice and Albert Campion in Campion . He later played David Braithwaite in At Home with the Braithwaites , `` Dangerous '' Davies in The Last Detective and Henry Sharpe in Law & Order : UK .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d00208dd9e7b2b5e5b51fa7167b7f205", "text": "At Home with the Braithwaites At Home with the Braithwaites is a British comedy-drama television series , created and written by Sally Wainwright ( except for the final four episodes ) . The storyline follows a suburban family from Leeds , whose life is turned upside down when the mother of the family wins 38 million pounds on the lottery . It was broadcast on ITV and produced by Yorkshire Television for 26 episodes , from 20 January 2000 to 9 April 2003 . At the beginning of the first series , each member of the Braithwaite family has an issue . Alison ( mother ) has to decide what to do with the winnings , and when to tell her family . David ( father ) is having an affair with Elaine , his secretary at work . Virginia ( eldest daughter ) is on the verge of dropping out of university . Sarah ( middle daughter ) has a crush on her drama teacher . Charlotte ( youngest daughter ) suspects that her mother may be the mystery lottery winner .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e557cee273d38e52b07c3dd30025f1d9", "text": "Peter Bayliss Peter Bayliss ( 27 June 1922 -- 29 July 2002 ) was an English actor . Bayliss was born in Kingston upon Thames and trained at the Italia Conti Academy and the John Gielgud Company . More than six feet tall , with a voice to match , he supplemented it with a barrage of wheezings , croakings , mutterings and , as the opera singer in Frontiers of Farce ( Old Vic , 1977 ) , garglings . In 1956 he appeared on stage in `` The Matchmaker '' at the Royale Theatre in New York and in 1960 he appeared in `` Ross '' at the Royal Haymarket Theatre in London . His 20 films ranged from The Red Shoes ( 1948 ) to Darling ( 1965 ) . He acted in more than 40 television productions including Please Sir ! , The Sweeney , Coronation Street , Lovejoy and The Bill , plus dramas like Bye , Bye Columbus ( 1990 ) , Merlin ( 1998 ) and The Arabian Nights ( 1999 ) . On radio he was particularly good in Jacobean adaptations , playing characters with names such as Sir Moth-Interest and Walter Whorehound . He appeared in more than 100 theater productions .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8ffe1a9d6c8cb950232032e4e0ee23d3", "text": "Son of Man (play) Son of Man is a television play by British playwright Dennis Potter which was first broadcast on BBC1 on 16 April 1969 , in The Wednesday Play slot . An alternative depiction of the last days of Jesus , Son of Man was directed by Gareth Davies and starred Irish actor Colin Blakely . The treatment of the subject matter led to Potter being accused of blasphemy by Christian morality campaigner Mary Whitehouse . Jesus was depicted as being tormented by self-doubt , repeatedly crying out `` Is it me ? '' as he struggles with his own nature as God incarnate whilst being vulnerable to human frailty . Potter 's work focuses on Jesus 's message of universal love , but eschews any mention of miracles or the resurrection . The character of Judas Iscariot is identified with the rich young man of the synoptic gospels . The play was shot on videotape over three days on a very limited budget : Potter was later to say that the set `` looks as though it 's trembling and about to fall down . '' It was also adapted for the stage and played at the Roundhouse , London , with Frank Finlay in the leading role . The stage version of Son of Man was first produced on 22 October 1969 , at the Phoenix Theatre , Leicester .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6c0dd10c817fc76a7122dd9e53e76b6", "text": "Paul Willson Paul Lee Willson ( born December 25 , 1945 ) is an American actor , most notable for his television work . He was born in Fairmont , Minnesota , the son of Doris Geraldine and Lee Wilford Willson . Willson has played numerous guest characters on a variety of shows including Full House as Stu in episode `` Crimes and Michelle 's Demeanor '' in 1990 , Curb Your Enthusiasm , Boston Public , Caroline in the City , The Newsroom and Star Trek : Voyager . He is perhaps most famous for his repeated guest character of `` Paul Krapence '' on the television show Cheers ( which he also reprised in an episode of the Cheers spin-off , Frasier ) . His character was originally called `` Gregg '' because Paul Vaughn was already playing a character named `` Paul '' on Cheers . For five years ( 1986-1990 ) he was Garry Shandling 's neighbor `` Leonard Smith '' on It 's Garry Shandling 's Show . Willson also appeared on Garry Shandling 's The Larry Sanders Show playing Larry 's accountant , and the brother of Sid the cue card holder . He played Ed , a neighbor , in a few episodes of Malcolm in the Middle . His film appearances include The Pack ( 1977 ) , The Devonsville Terror ( 1983 ) , My Best Friend Is a Vampire ( 1987 ) , Moving ( 1988 ) , 976-EVIL ( 1988 ) , Problem Child 2 ( 1990 ) , Circuitry Man ( 1990 ) , Plughead Rewired : Circuitry Man II ( 1994 ) and the comedy film Office Space ( 1999 ) as one of `` The Bobs '' . Willson also appeared on the CBS sitcoms The King of Queens and The Big Bang Theory . He was recently in a promotional video for the Nintendo DS game Personal Trainer : Cooking with Fred Willard . Although primarily recognized for his television work , he has been noted as a `` great improv player '' by Garry Shandling as a result of their time working together doing improv in the late 1970s . Cheers producer Ken Levine has also acknowledged Willson as `` one of the greatest improv artists I have EVER seen . '' Since 2012 he has appeared in television ads for Safeco Insurance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb6b5202194403a60e0af783caa130d6", "text": "BBC Television BBC Television is a service of the British Broadcasting Corporation . The corporation has operated in the United Kingdom under the terms of a royal charter since 1927 . It produced television programmes from its own studios since 1932 , although the start of its regular service of television broadcasts is dated to 2 November 1936 . The BBC 's domestic television channels have no commercial advertising and collectively they account for more than 30 % of all UK viewing . The services are funded by a television licence . As a result of the 2016 Licence Fee settlement , the BBC Television division was split , with in-house television production being separated into a new division called BBC Studios and the remaining parts of television ( channels and genre commissioning , BBC Sport , BBC Three and BBC iPlayer ) being renamed as BBC Content .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a06df7b0f722557443dfd2656e5ac69e", "text": "It Takes a Worried Man It Takes a Worried Man is a British TV sitcom . It was made by Thames Television and ran for three series , broadcast from to . The first two series were broadcast on the ITV network , and the third and final series on Channel 4 . Most episodes were written by the star , Peter Tilbury , who played office worker Philip Roath . The title comes from a line in the folk song Worried Man Blues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21e3ea1d34b486fc70b45102c3d909e8", "text": "List of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. characters Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. is an American television series created for ABC by Joss Whedon , Jed Whedon , and Maurissa Tancharoen , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , a fictional peacekeeping and spy agency in a world of superheroes . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the feature and short films of the franchise . The series stars Clark Gregg , reprising his role of Phil Coulson from the films , as well as Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , and Elizabeth Henstridge . Nick Blood and Adrianne Palicki joined the cast for the second and third seasons , while Henry Simmons and Luke Mitchell had recurring roles in the second season before being promoted to the main cast for the third . John Hannah , who recurred in the third season , joined the main cast in the fourth . Additionally , several other characters from Marvel Cinematic Universe films and Marvel One-Shots also appear throughout the series , along with other characters based on various Marvel Comics properties . Several characters from the series also appear in the supplemental digital series Marvel 's Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. : Slingshot . This list includes the series ' main cast , all guest stars deemed to have had recurring roles throughout the series , and any other guest who is otherwise notable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2982d0eee0e206f8a2743c3e737a0f74", "text": "An Englishman Abroad An Englishman Abroad is a 1983 BBC television drama film , based on the true story of a chance meeting of actress Coral Browne , with Guy Burgess ( Alan Bates ) , a member of the Cambridge spy ring who spied for the Soviet Union while an officer at MI6 . The production was written by Alan Bennett and directed by John Schlesinger ; Browne stars as herself . The film is set is Moscow in 1958 , after Burgess had defected to the Soviet Union in 1951 with Donald Maclean when it became apparent that Maclean was about to be investigated by British intelligence . Burgess barges into Browne 's dressing room in the interval of a touring Shakespeare Memorial Theatre ( which became one of the bases of the Royal Shakespeare Company ) production of Hamlet , in which she portrayed Gertrude , and charms her . Later on she is invited to his Moscow flat , finding it with some difficulty , to measure him for a suit that he would like ordered from his London tailor . Several plot changes were made from the true story told by Browne to Bennett . Burgess in fact threw up in the dressing room of Michael Redgrave , who asked for Browne 's help . Redgrave documented the incident in his biography . The play also contained scenes in Moscow 's British Embassy and in London shops where Browne encountered resistance to helping Burgess , none of which happened in reality . Rather than film in the Soviet Union , Schlesinger used several locations in Scotland . The Caird Hall and Whitehall Theatre in Dundee stood in for the Moscow theatre , and the grand marble staircase of Glasgow City Chambers played the part of the British Embassy . Additional filming was done at Glasgow 's St. Andrew 's Suspension Bridge ( `` luckily , in a snowstorm '' Bennett later wrote ) and the Moss Heights flats in Cardonald , which represented Burgess ' Moscow apartment . Both Browne and Bates were winners of the BAFTA awards for acting for their roles in this production . Bennett gives the date of Browne 's meeting with Burgess as 1958 in the introduction to his Single Spies , which contains the text of An Englishman Abroad in the stage play version and the text of A Question of Attribution about Anthony Blunt . The play was also adapted for radio on the BBC World Service in 1994 starring Michael Gambon as Burgess and Penelope Wilton as Coral Browne . It was subsequently re-broadcast on BBC Radio 7 and BBC Radio 4 Extra , most recently in 2013 as part of BBC Radio 4 Extra 's Cambridge Spies season . On the BFI TV 100 , a list compiled in 2000 by the British Film Institute ( BFI ) , chosen by a poll of industry professionals , to determine what were the greatest British television programmes of any genre ever to have been screened , An Englishman Abroad was listed at no. 30 on the list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a982da1fd0657a5589db23fa32ab89a2", "text": "Doctor Who Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963 . The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called `` The Doctor '' , an extraterrestrial being from the planet Gallifrey . He explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS . Its exterior appears as a blue British police box , which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired . Accompanied by a number of companions , the Doctor combats a variety of foes , while working to save civilisations and help people in need . The show is a significant part of British popular culture , and elsewhere it has gained a cult following . It has influenced generations of British television professionals , many of whom grew up watching the series . The programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989 . There was an unsuccessful attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot , in the form of a television film titled Doctor Who . The programme was relaunched in 2005 , and since then has been produced in-house by BBC Wales in Cardiff . Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs , including comic books , films , novels , audio dramas , and the television series Torchwood ( 2006 -- 2011 ) , The Sarah Jane Adventures ( 2007 -- 2011 ) , K-9 ( 2009 -- 2010 ) , and Class '' ( 2016-present ) , and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture . Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor . The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show with the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation -- an idea introduced in 1966 to allow the show to continue after the departure of original lead William Hartnell who was becoming very ill at the time . The concept is that this is a Time Lord trait through which the character of the Doctor takes on a new body and personality to recover from a severe injury or anything that would otherwise kill a normal person . Each actor 's portrayal differs , but all represent stages in the life of the same character and form a single narrative . The time-travelling feature of the plot means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet . The current lead , Peter Capaldi , took on the role after Matt Smith 's exit in the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . In 2017 , Capaldi confirmed he would be leaving at the end of the tenth series , with his final appearance being the 2017 Christmas Special .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "10b84cc60bb1c49d53c5185f3cb0ca2f", "text": "Peter Lawford Peter Sydney Ernest Lawford ( born Peter Sydney Ernest Aylen ; 7 September 1923 -- 24 December 1984 ) was a British actor who lived in the United States throughout his adult life . He was a member of the `` Rat Pack '' and brother-in-law to President John F. Kennedy . In later years , he was noted more for his off-screen activities as a celebrity than for his acting . From the 1940s to the 1960s , he had a strong presence in popular culture and starred in a number of highly acclaimed films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59b206e62cb9190027f5135056804454", "text": "Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports . A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82412a51464c2a9f8b8f43bcc6774193", "text": "Doctor at Large (TV series) Doctor at Large is a British television comedy series based on a set of books by Richard Gordon about the misadventures of a group of newly qualified doctors . The series follows directly from its predecessor Doctor in the House , and was produced by London Weekend Television in 1971 . Writers for the Doctor at Large episodes were Bill Oddie , Graeme Garden , John Cleese , Graham Chapman , Bernard McKenna , Geoff Rowley , Andy Baker , Jonathan Lynn and David Yallop , as well as George Layton ( under the pseudonym of `` Oliver Fry '' ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fc01bf077369df0492daebe840683354", "text": "Patrick Cavanaugh Patrick Cavanaugh is an American television actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4422dfd80ca15879fee921fc824c5ebc", "text": "Peter Macann Peter Macann is a former British actor , reporter , and television presenter familiar to millions of viewers for his role co-hosting the BBC 's popular flagship science show Tomorrow 's World in the late 1980s and early 1990s . Since retiring from the BBC , he has worked as a consultant for various corporations on managing culture change within their organizations . He currently lives in Buckinghamshire .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f7dc8929e7c5d4c8f6ea01587400f58", "text": "Peter Faiman Peter Leonard Faiman ( born 1944 in Melbourne ) , AM is an Australian television producer with experience in film , live television and events . He has had a long-standing working relationship with the Nine Network .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d", "text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8b776f8f9ed5dd9965f4a51c9cf4e074", "text": "Andrew Paul Andrew Paul ( born Paul Andrew Herman ; 17 March 1961 in Mile End , East London ) is an English actor best known for playing PC Dave Quinnan in the ITV drama The Bill for 13 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6", "text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e91d4629592eafa866241c24f50e2c8", "text": "Nigel Humphreys Nigel Humphreys ( born 1951 in Bognor Regis , Sussex ) is a British actor who is best known for his television work . His most prominent roles include Dickie Fleming in Coronation Street and PC Pete Dodds in Softly , Softly : Taskforce . Other television credits include : Dixon of Dock Green , Z-Cars , The Expert , Warship , The Sweeney , Blake 's 7 , The Professionals , Minder , The Gentle Touch , Doctor Who ( in the serial Warriors of the Deep ) , All in Good Faith , Pulaski , No Job for a Lady , The Bill and Birds of a Feather . His film credits include Danny Jones ( 1972 ) , Joseph Andrews ( 1977 ) , Scum ( 1979 ) , The Great Riviera Bank Robbery ( 1979 ) , The Long Good Friday ( 1980 ) , Breaking Glass ( 1980 ) , Who Dares Wins ( 1982 ) and Lamb ( 1985 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb155e7c7fca45c93595ed997188530c", "text": "The Catherine Tate Show The Catherine Tate Show is a British television sketch comedy written by Catherine Tate and Aschlin Ditta . Tate also stars in all but one of the show 's sketches , which feature a wide range of characters . The Catherine Tate Show airs on BBC Two and is shown worldwide through the BBC . Collectively , the show has been nominated for six BAFTA Awards , two British Comedy Awards and an Emmy Award , and it has won two Royal Television Society Awards , two British Comedy Awards and a National Television Award since its debut in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8a19d592dc6bfdcc92cd8b0120eea58d", "text": "Peter Reynolds (actor) Peter Reynolds ( 16 August 1926 -- 22 April 1975 ) was a British actor .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7e1d19aee217e458be922cd490526238
Matt Damon is unable to break into the film industry.
[ { "docid": "e9284de34d382a0416f4208d9f887d27", "text": "Matt Damon Matthew Paige Damon ( -LSB- ˈdeɪmən -RSB- born October 8 , 1970 ) is an American actor , film producer , and screenwriter . He is ranked among Forbes magazine 's most bankable stars and is one of the highest-grossing actors of all time . Damon has received various accolades , including an Academy Award from five nominations , two Golden Globe Awards from eight nominations , and has been nominated for two British Academy Film Awards and six Emmy Awards . Born and raised in Cambridge , Massachusetts , Damon began his acting career by appearing in high school theater productions and he made his professional acting debut in the film Mystic Pizza ( 1988 ) . He came to prominence in 1997 when he wrote and starred in Good Will Hunting alongside Ben Affleck , which won them the Academy and Golden Globe awards for Best Screenplay , and earned Damon a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . He continued to garner praise from critics for his roles as the eponymous character in Saving Private Ryan ( 1998 ) , the antihero in The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , a fallen angel in Dogma ( 1999 ) , an energy analyst in Syriana ( 2005 ) , and a corrupt Irish-American police officer in The Departed ( 2006 ) . Damon is also known for his starring roles as Jason Bourne in the Bourne franchise ( 2002 -- 16 ) and as a con man in the Ocean 's Trilogy ( 2001 -- 07 ) . For his supporting role as the rugby player Francois Pienaar in Invictus ( 2009 ) and his leading role as an astronaut stranded on Mars in The Martian ( 2015 ) , Damon received Oscar nominations for Best Supporting Actor and Best Actor , respectively . The latter also won him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor . Damon has received Emmy Award nominations for his portrayal of Scott Thorson in the biopic Behind the Candelabra ( 2013 ) and for producing the reality series Project Greenlight . He also received an Oscar nomination for producing Manchester by the Sea ( 2016 ) . In addition to acting in films , Damon has performed voice-over work in both animated and documentary films and has established two production companies with Affleck . He has been involved in charitable work , including the ONE Campaign , H2O Africa Foundation , Feeding America , and Water.org . Damon is married to Luciana Bozán Barroso , and they have three daughters together .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "84b006dcbe140c1f78c368b4543092d3", "text": "Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor . Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios . In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever . Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide . Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole . Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected . In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie . Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 . Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4de6adeb7b5d61a8981c9fe1ab27fea5", "text": "Damon Fox (musician) Damon Fox is a Los Angeles multi-instrumentalist/songwriter/producer . He is primarily recognized as the lead singer , keyboardist , and mastermind of the psychedelic prog metal outfit Bigelf . His analog flair and vintage sonic alchemy can be heard on several platinum albums , including Alicia Keys ' As I Am and Christina Aguilera 's Stripped and Back To Basics . Damon 's keyboards also appear on releases from Matt Sorum ( Guns & Roses ) , Cheap Trick , and Courtney Love . He is currently a member of the British rock band The Cult and continues to tour worldwide with Bigelf .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b", "text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9bb09dfce707287d59cc1abfddfd7c1", "text": "Max Dennison Max Dennison is a professional digital matte painter and illustrator . After art school , Dennison quickly established a career producing matte paintings and concept work for the international special effects industry . Dennison achieved critical acclaim through his work on Academy award-winning films such as Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings and John Madden 's Shakespeare in Love . In 2003 , while supervising the matte painting department at Weta Digital on Lord of the Rings , Dennison was also nominated for the award of `` Best Matte Painting in a Motion Picture '' by the Visual Effects Society for his work on The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers . Having worked on Revenge of the Sith for Industrial Light & Magic in 2004 , he is now based in London and most recently completed work on X-Men : The Last Stand , The Da Vinci Code and Bryan Singer 's Superman Returns . Since then , he set up Matte Painting UK in 2007 based in Shepperton Studios where he and his team continue to produce VFX for the international film industries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889", "text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1146f2b571a710c163739ce10c7298e", "text": "Film gate The film gate is the rectangular opening in the front of a motion picture camera where the film is exposed to light . The film gate can be seen by removing the lens and rotating the shutter out of the way . The film is held on a uniform plane at a calibrated distance in the gate by a pressure plate behind the film . Occasionally , as the film passes through the gate , friction can cause small slivers of celluloid to break off and stick in the side of the opening . This debris is called hairs . A `` hair in the gate '' will remain in front of the film and create a dark line that sticks into the edge of the film frame as the camera is filming a shot . A hair can ruin the shot and is almost impossible to fix in post production without being removed digitally . Because of the intractability of this problem the 1st Assistant Camera ( in the UK this position is known as focus puller ) will open the camera and examine the gate for hairs at the end of each shot . Normally the assistant director will call out `` check the gate '' when the director is ready to move on to the next shot . The crew will wait until the focus puller calls out `` gate is clean . '' If the gate is not clean , it will be cleaned with orangewood sticks and canned air and the crew will take the shot again . A good camera crew usually checks all cameras and magazines during equipment checkout with scratch tests using fogged film rolls -- this will catch out any possible scratch or hair problems caused by faulty equipment . However , a variety of other factors including environment , humidity , type of film stock , camera position , film ridging , and lacing can each be responsible for a `` hair in the gate '' . Generally , skilled crew and regularly inspected tested equipment make this a rare occurrence , and it is not unheard of for assistants to go for months without seeing one , even on large-scale shoots . The cinematographer Oliver Stapleton praised his assisting team on Casanova for not having a single hair or scratch for the whole shoot , even though large portions were shot on dusty exteriors . Video cameras do not have this problem , as any malfunction to the sensor will render the entire system useless . The Arri D-20 and D-21 system , however , does have removable lenses and a rotating optical shutter , which means that the CMOS sensor can be exposed in much the same way as a film gate and thus needs to be kept assiduously clean .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "228a3089b5d62c3587b5e5585a6aa75b", "text": "Unfinished Business (2015 film) Unfinished Business is a 2015 American comedy film directed by Ken Scott and written by Steven Conrad . The film stars Vince Vaughn , Tom Wilkinson , Dave Franco , Sienna Miller , Nick Frost , and James Marsden . It was released on March 6 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews and was a box office bomb .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b", "text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123", "text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1a137a76c39529f08e0ec0f71745845", "text": "Matthew Porterfield Matthew `` Matt '' Porterfield ( born October 6 , 1977 ) is an American independent filmmaker . He has made three feature films to date , Hamilton ( 2006 ) , Putty Hill ( 2011 ) and I Used to Be Darker ( 2013 ) . Both Putty Hill and I Used to Be Darker had their international premieres at the Berlin International Film Festival . All three of his features have had their local premieres at the Maryland Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214", "text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69", "text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a5e8b15649bb8891fe000cfbd770433a", "text": "Vegas Movie Studio Vegas Movie Studio ( previously Sony Vegas Movie Studio ) is a consumer-based nonlinear video editing software designed for the PC . It is a scaled-down version of Vegas Pro . Movie Studio was formerly called `` Sonic Foundry VideoFactory '' and then `` Sony Screenblast Movie Studio , '' . As of version 13 , Vegas Movie studio is now part of Magix GmbH after Sony had officially announced it had sold most of its creative software suit to the German based company . On February 14 , 2017 , Magix announced a brand new version of Vegas movie studio , Vegas movie studio 14.0 , which is the first stable release of Vegas movie studio since 2014 and Magix first stable release since its acquisition from Sony .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9cd889f8e62a1e10b30e7415019f4c3", "text": "Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese film director , producer , screenwriter , animator , author , and manga artist . Through a career that has spanned over five decades , Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and as a maker of anime feature films and , along with Isao Takahata , co-founded Studio Ghibli , a film and animation studio . Born in Bunkyō , Tokyo , Miyazaki began his animation career in 1963 when he joined Toei Animation . From there , Miyazaki worked as an in-between artist for Gulliver 's Travels Beyond the Moon , where he pitched ideas that eventually became the film 's ending . Hayao Miyazaki was also associated with Tokyo Movie Shinsha . He co-directed Lupin III with Isao Takahata , provided the screenplay and key animation for Panda ! Go Panda ! , provided key animation for the first episode of Tokyo Giants , provided the original concept for Jungle Kurobe , provided the director role for Lupin III : Tales of the Wolf , provided key animation for the Ulysses 31 pilot in conjunction with Diffusion Information Communication , provided the director role for The New Adventures of Zorro , provided key animation for the Inspector Gadget pilot , and provided the chief director role for season 1 of Sherlock Hound . He continued to work in various roles in the animation industry with various studios until he directed his first feature film , The Castle of Cagliostro , a Lupin the Third story , released in 1979 . After the success of his next film , Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind ( 1984 ) , he co-founded Studio Ghibli , where he continued to produce many feature films . While Miyazaki 's films have long enjoyed both commercial and critical success in Japan , he remained largely unknown to the West until Miramax Films released Princess Mononoke in 1997 . Princess Mononoke was briefly the highest-grossing film in Japan until it was eclipsed by another 1997 film , Titanic , and it became the first animated film to win Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards . Miyazaki 's next film , Spirited Away ( 2001 ) , won Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards , and was the first anime film to win an American Academy Award . Miyazaki 's films often contain recurrent themes , like humanity 's relationship with nature and technology , and the difficulty of maintaining a pacifist ethic . His films ' protagonists are often strong girls or young women . While two of his films , The Castle of Cagliostro and Castle in the Sky , involve traditional villains , his other films like Nausicaä and Princess Mononoke present morally ambiguous antagonists with redeeming qualities . He co-wrote films The Secret World of Arrietty , released in July 2010 in Japan and February 2012 in the United States ; and From Up on Poppy Hill released in July 2011 in Japan and March 2013 in the United States . Miyazaki 's newest film The Wind Rises was released on July 20 , 2013 and screened internationally in February 2014 . The film would go on to earn him his third American Academy Award nomination and first Golden Globe Award nomination . Miyazaki announced on September 1 , 2013 that The Wind Rises would be his final feature-length movie . In November 2014 , Miyazaki was awarded an Honorary Academy Award for his impact on animation and cinema . He is the second Japanese filmmaker to win this award , after Akira Kurosawa in 1990 . In 2002 , American film critic Roger Ebert suggested that Miyazaki may be the best animation filmmaker in history , praising the depth and artistry of his films .", "title": "" } ]
fever
7475f392e0d876e2b232c1bd3770df8b
Legally Blonde was scripted by John Legend.
[ { "docid": "f6ef54a4bbd5c0cb7b50a94d78ce8305", "text": "Legally Blonde Legally Blonde is a 2001 American comedy film adapted from the novel of the same title by Amanda Brown . It was directed by Robert Luketic , scripted by Karen McCullah Lutz and Kirsten Smith , and stars Reese Witherspoon , Luke Wilson , Selma Blair , Matthew Davis , Victor Garber , and Jennifer Coolidge . The film tells the story of Elle Woods , a sorority girl who attempts to win back her ex-boyfriend by getting a law degree . The film was released on July 13 , 2001 , and received positive reviews from critics . The critics ' consensus states that `` though the material is predictable and formulaic , Reese Witherspoon 's funny , nuanced performance makes this movie better than it would have been otherwise '' . It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture : Musical or Comedy and ranked 29th on Bravo 's 2007 list of `` 100 Funniest Movies '' . Witherspoon received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy , and the 2002 MTV Movie Award for Best Female Performance . The box-office success led to a 2003 sequel , Red , White & Blonde , and a 2009 direct-to-DVD spin-off , Legally Blondes . Additionally , Legally Blonde : The Musical premiered on January 23 , 2007 , in San Francisco and opened in New York City at the Palace Theatre on Broadway on April 29 , 2007 , starring Laura Bell Bundy .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "3140d9711471925735d70d68bb328a75", "text": "John Goldwyn John Howard Goldwyn ( born August 10 , 1958 ) is an American film producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a9140ae0d406062f4139286f7a816a8", "text": "Blondie (comic strip) Blondie is an American comic strip created by cartoonist Chic Young . Distributed by King Features Syndicate , the strip has been published in newspapers since September 8 , 1930 . The success of the strip , which features the eponymous blonde and her sandwich-loving husband , led to the long-running Blondie film series ( 1938 -- 1950 ) and the popular Blondie radio program ( 1939 -- 1950 ) . Chic Young drew Blondie until his death in 1973 , when creative control passed to his son Dean Young , who continues to write the strip . Young has collaborated with a number of artists on Blondie , including Jim Raymond , Mike Gersher , Stan Drake , Denis Lebrun , and John Marshall . Through these changes , Blondie has remained popular , appearing in more than 2,000 newspapers in 47 countries and has been translated into 35 languages . Since 2006 , Blondie has also been available via email through King Features ' DailyINK service .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "013e3a2969fe4ac676b172d913553bf5", "text": "John Huston John Marcellus Huston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- August 5 , 1906 -- August 28 , 1987 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He wrote the screenplays for most of the 37 feature films he directed , many of which are today considered classics : The Maltese Falcon ( 1941 ) , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ) , The Asphalt Jungle ( 1950 ) , The African Queen ( 1951 ) , The Misfits ( 1961 ) , Fat City ( 1972 ) and The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) . During his 46-year career , Huston received 15 Oscar nominations , won twice , and directed both his father , Walter Huston , and daughter , Anjelica Huston , to Oscar wins in different films . Huston was known to direct with the vision of an artist , having studied and worked as a fine art painter in Paris in his early years . He continued to explore the visual aspects of his films throughout his career : sketching each scene on paper beforehand , then carefully framing his characters during the shooting . While most directors rely on post-production editing to shape their final work , Huston instead created his films while they were being shot , making them both more economical and cerebral , with little editing needed . Most of Huston 's films were adaptations of important novels , often depicting a `` heroic quest , '' as in Moby Dick , or The Red Badge of Courage . In many films , different groups of people , while struggling toward a common goal , would become doomed , forming `` destructive alliances , '' giving the films a dramatic and visual tension . Many of his films involved themes such as religion , meaning , truth , freedom , psychology , colonialism and war . Before becoming a Hollywood filmmaker , he had been an amateur boxer , reporter , short-story writer , portrait artist in Paris , a cavalry rider in Mexico , and a documentary filmmaker during World War II . Huston has been referred to as `` a titan '' , `` a rebel '' , and a `` renaissance man '' in the Hollywood film industry . Author Ian Freer describes him as `` cinema 's Ernest Hemingway '' -- a filmmaker who was `` never afraid to tackle tough issues head on . '' Worked for Ethos Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a36bfed7452c99c9fd7d8f3d9bd3690", "text": "John Glines John Glines ( born October 11 , 1933 in Santa Maria , California ) is an American playwright and producer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fea3ade225e0bc2466e750e324935af7", "text": "Johnny Brown (actor) John `` Johnny '' Brown ( born June 11 , 1937 ) is an American actor and singer . Brown is a nightclub and stage performer as well as a comic actor , and a regular cast member of the television series Laugh-in . Brown is mostly remembered for his chubby physique , wide ingratiating smile , mobile facial expressions , and easy pleasant joking style . Brown is most famous , however , for his role as building superintendent Nathan Bookman on the 1970s CBS sitcom , Good Times . Bookman was often the brunt of fat jokes via the show 's main character J. J. Evans ( Jimmie Walker ) . Brown portrayed Bookman until the series was cancelled in 1979 . Other television shows Brown has appeared on include Flip Wilson Show , The Jeffersons , Family Matters , The Jamie Foxx Show and Martin . Brown also used to go to school with Walter Dean Myers when he lived in Harlem as a boy . Brown is also the father of actress Sharon Brown , who was born in 1962 , and also the father of John Brown Jr. or J.J Brown Jr. . Brown had earlier established himself in the Broadway musical Golden Boy , starring Sammy Davis , Jr. ; his supporting role was in the part of Ronnie and was featured as the lead voice on the show stopping rouser , `` Do n't Forget 127th Street '' . In the early 1970s , Brown starred in a television commercial for the Write Brothers pen , a short-lived product of the Papermate pen company . The commercial consisted of an elaborate musical number , `` Write On , Brothers , Write On '' , led by Brown as a schoolteacher who encourages his chorus line of students to use this pen for their school assignments . In 1997 , Brown contributed his voice to the introduction of the compilation album Comedy Stew : The Best of Redd Foxx . In the introduction , Brown tells of how Norman Lear had considered Brown to play the role of Lamont in Sanford And Son , but was unavailable to do so because of his prior commitment to Laugh-In , leading Lear to give the role to Demond Wilson instead .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "28aaf05cd96f408200be082cb7f4a259", "text": "John Langley John Langley ( born June 1 , 1943 ) is an American television and film director , writer , and producer who is best known as the creator and executive producer of the long-running television show COPS , which premiered on FOX in March 1989 . Prior to that , he was among the reality television pioneers as a producer of various two-hour event specials in syndicated television markets during the 1980s . In fact , Langley is often credited as being the `` Godfather of Reality Television '' with the appearance of COPS in 1989 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "da21ac655b3987384f5be09cfa6895a9", "text": "Mary Pat Gleason Mary Pat Gleason ( born February 23 , 1950 ) is an American film and television actress and an Emmy Award winning writer . From 1983 -- 85 , she appeared on The Guiding Light as Jane Hogan . Since the early 1980s she has appeared on such television series as Full House , Dear John , Murphy Brown , Empty Nest , L.A. Law , Saved by the Bell , Murder , She Wrote , Friends , Step by Step , Suddenly Susan , Will & Grace , Sex and the City , Desperate Housewives , Family Matters , NCIS : Los Angeles , The Middleman , Up All Night , 1600 Penn , Motive , Baby Daddy , Grey 's Anatomy , Partners , Mama 's Family , Two Broke Girls and Mom . She has appeared in such feature films as I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry , Basic Instinct , Traffic , Bruce Almighty , 13 Going on 30 , The Crucible , Bottle Shock , A Cinderella Story , The Island , Killing Kennedy and Nina .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "868b161ca2c2f26dd8b84bf6d4e4ad44", "text": "Harry J. Wild Harry J. Wild , A.S.C. ( July 5 , 1901 -- February 24 , 1961 ) was a film and television cinematographer . Wild worked at RKO Pictures studios from 1931 through the 1950s . In total Wild was involved in 91 major film projects and two extended television series . In 1931 , he began his career and was hired as second cameraman and operator on nine projects , most notably Fred Niblo 's Young Donovan ' a Kid ( 1931 ) . In 1936 , Wild shot his first feature , Wallace Fox 's sports drama The Big Game . Two years later he shared an Academy Award nomination for the Republic Pictures film Army Girl ( 1938 ) . According to film critic Spencer Selby , Wild was a prolific film noir cinematographer , shooting 13 of them , including : Dmytryk 's Murder , My Sweet ( 1944 ) , Johnny Angel ( 1945 ) , Nocturne ( 1946 ) , the Jean Renoir-directed The Woman on the Beach ( 1947 ) , They Wo n't Believe Me ( 1947 ) , and others . He was also , in the early 1950s , Jane Russell 's cinematographer ; he worked on seven of her movies as an actress , three of which were released by other studios : His Kind of Woman ( 1951 ) and Son of Paleface ( 1952 ) for Paramount , and , his most widely seen movie , Gentlemen Prefer Blondes ( 1953 ) for Twentieth Century-Fox .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcad58bc084bf32fe0f8e52bfcbc2009", "text": "Charles Herman-Wurmfeld Charles Herman-Wurmfeld ( born July 5 , 1966 ) is an American film director . He directed the movies Kissing Jessica Stein and Legally Blonde 2 : Red , White & Blonde .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6f6a1c91a80eb16f2c9307a26f7e7296", "text": "Jack Faust (attorney) John R. `` Jack '' Faust ( born June 16 , 1932 ) is a retired Portland , Oregon , attorney , television personality and political activist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bcf0bde025d3b043178b4fe9ebd3ac0d", "text": "Blonde Cobra Blonde Cobra is a 1963 short film directed by experimental filmmaker Ken Jacobs . Footage for the unique and at the time controversial film was shot by Bob Flieshner . Marc Siegel in the book 1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die states that the 33 minute film is `` generally considered to be one of the masterpieces of the New York underground film scene , and that it is a `` fascinating audio-visual testament to the tragicomic performance of the inimitable Jack Smith '' , who was a photographer and filmmaker and `` queer muse '' in New York avant-garde art in the 1960s and 1970s . The film captures Smith wearing dresses and makeup , playing with dolls , and smoking marijuana . Paul Arthur writes that the film contains `` dizzying quasi-autobiographical rants '' which spin on sadism , and that like Jacobs ' Little Stabs At Happiness , it contains `` languid improvisations studded with the bare bones of narrative incident or , more accurately , its collapse '' . The film contains Smith droning and singing and wildly cooing and cackling in parts of the film . The `` lonely little boy '' episode about a little boy living in a large house with 10 rooms has been cited as being `` potentially repugnant to many viewers '' because of its exploration of sadism against children and childhood sexuality . In this episode the narrator confesses to have `` blown up the penis '' of a 7-year-old boy with a match . The film contains numerous other elements which were shocking at the time of release such as references to necrophilia , the use of the word `` cunt '' , the confession of a nun ( impersonated in a posh high-pitched voice by Smith ) to lesbianism , the holding of a giant would-be dildo , and a portrayal of tranvestites . The film features quotes such as `` Why shave when I ca n't think of a reason for living '' and `` life is a sad business '' , quoting Greta Garbo . `` Let 's Call the Whole Thing Off '' is then played , described as a `` burlesque rendering '' of Robert Siodmak 's 1944 film Cobra Woman . The last scene captures Smith stabbing a man in the chest . Hilary Radner and Moya Luckett consider the film to be a camp portrayal of Rose Hobart .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4d06c2b6b95e916713962e3b6ce56877", "text": "Legally Blonde: The Musical – The Search for Elle Woods Legally Blonde : The Musical -- The Search for Elle Woods is an MTV program created in order to cast an actress to replace Laura Bell Bundy in the role of Elle Woods in the Broadway production of Legally Blonde : The Musical . The show debuted on June 2 , 2008 . The winner of the show , Bailey Hanks , in addition to being cast in the role , was given the opportunity to record her own single of the musical 's first-act closer , `` So Much Better '' . The show concluded on July 21 , 2008 . Autumn Hurlbert was the runner up . She served as Hanks ' understudy and performed in the ensemble of the show ( replacing Becky Gulsvig who left to join the tour ) . Bundy 's last performance in the musical was on July 20 , 2008 . Hanks began performances on July 23 , 2008 and remained with the show until it closed on October 19 , 2008 . Two other show finalists -- Rhiannon Hansen and Lauren Zakrin , performed in the `` Legally Blonde '' national tour . Hansen played Margot in the musical and Zakrin performed in the ensemble as well serving as understudy to Becky Gulsvig as Elle Woods . The show began with 15 contestants . All except the winner were eliminated over nine episodes , in which they performed songs and faced other challenges . A three-judge panel made the elimination decisions . Most episodes involved a small prize for the winner of the challenge .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4eac4db8b2ebbcff531fbff2cc9b17f", "text": "Mike John Mike John is the pseudonym of an American pornographic movie producer , director , and actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d598da2e471c6b0626002aceefffd4e", "text": "John Cullum John Cullum ( born March 2 , 1930 ) is an American actor and singer . He has appeared in many stage musicals and dramas , including On the Twentieth Century ( 1978 ) and Shenandoah ( 1975 ) , winning the Tony Awards for Best Leading Actor in a Musical for each . He earned his first Tony nomination as lead actor in a musical in 1966 for On a Clear Day You Can See Forever in which he introduced the title song , and more recently received Tony nominations for Urinetown The Musical ( 2002 ) ( best actor in a musical ) and as best featured actor in a musical the revival of 110 in the Shade ( 2007 ) . He portrayed tavern owner Holling Vincoeur on the television drama series Northern Exposure ( 6 seasons ) , earning an Emmy Award nomination as Best Supporting Actor in a Drama . He was featured in fifteen episodes of the NBC television series ER as Mark Greene 's father . He was the farmer in the landmark television drama The Day After . He has made multiple guest appearances on Law & Order and Law & Order : Special Victims Unit as attorney , now judge , Barry Moredock , and appeared as Big Mike in several episodes of The Middle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "855c0051d9a5611d180b496c2966beb8", "text": "This Year's Blonde This Year 's Blonde is a 1980 low-budgeted American television drama film , based on the Garson Kanin novel Moviola about 1950s sex symbol Marilyn Monroe . The movie starred Constance Forslund as Monroe Lloyd Bridges as Johnny Hyde and Norman Fell and was presented as part of a 3-night TV special event on NBC called Moviola : A Hollywood Saga . This Year 's Blonde was the first of two TV movies about Monroe in 1980 . The second being , Marilyn : The Untold Story , starring Catherine Hicks . Both movies have been overshadowed by more big-budgeted theatrical films about the star .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211", "text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "42df87a2ab4dea3ed8727b017509b1ca", "text": "Skin Deep (1989 film) Skin Deep is a 1989 romantic comedy film written and directed by Blake Edwards , and starring John Ritter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0", "text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .", "title": "" } ]
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48fe9168d798d30d0672afbe57c98486
It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia is a television black comedy, starring Robert DeNiro.
[ { "docid": "68bbb5b4e640116b445c68773bca30b2", "text": "It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia It 's Always Sunny in Philadelphia is an American television black comedy sitcom that premiered on FX on August 4 , 2005 . It moved to FXX beginning with the ninth season , and has remained there since . It was created by Rob McElhenney , who developed it with Glenn Howerton . It is executive produced and primarily written by McElhenney , Howerton , and Charlie Day , all of whom star alongside Kaitlin Olson and Danny DeVito . The series follows the exploits of `` The Gang '' , a group of self-centered friends who run the Irish bar Paddy 's Pub in South Philadelphia . The series was renewed for a twelfth season that premiered on January 4 , 2017 . On April 1 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a thirteenth and fourteenth season , which will tie it with The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet as the longest running live-action sitcom in American TV history .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "93b340b11ac156cccd93e0f0936f0e7a", "text": "The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom Blackadder , written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson , directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd . The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983 , and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network . Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages , the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field , only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV , one of the Princes in the Tower . The series follows the exploits of Richard IV 's unfavoured second son Edmund ( who calls himself `` The Black Adder '' ) in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and , in the final episode , his quest to overthrow him . Conceived while Atkinson and Curtis were working on Not the Nine O'Clock News , the series covers a number of medieval issues in Britain in a humorous and often anachronistic manner -- witchcraft , royal succession , European relations , the Crusades and the conflict between the Crown and the Church . The filming of the series was highly ambitious , with a large cast and much location shooting . Shakespearean dialogue is sometimes adapted for comic effect . Despite winning an International Emmy , The Black Adder is generally regarded as the weakest series of Blackadder , even by its creators .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e79dbd186dbe4bd7550d0ac7f223936a", "text": "Oscar Martinez (The Office) Oscar San Juan Martinez is a fictional character from the US mockumentary-style television series The Office played by Cuban actor Oscar Nunez . Martinez was one of the few openly gay characters in broadcast television at the time that the series aired . Although Nunez , who is straight , did not know his character might be gay when he first signed on , he has no issues with the character 's sexuality as long as the material is funny . For the 2006 -- 2007 season , Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation ( GLAAD ) reported he was the only LGBT ( lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender ) person of color character on a regular series . For the 2007 -- 2008 season he was the `` only remaining gay character on a half-hour comedy program '' and the only LGBT lead or supporting character who is a person of color . For the 2009 -- 2010 season , Martinez was one of four people of color LGBT regular series characters ; in 2010 -- 2011 there were six and in 2011 -- 2012 there were five.Along with doctor Callie Torres on Grey 's Anatomy , and gay nurse Angel Garcia on Mercy , Martinez are Latino/a , and forensic facial reconstruction artist Angela Montenegro on Bones , is an Asian-Pacific Islander . ( Where we are on TV : GLAAD 's 14th Annual Diversity Study Previews the 2009-2010 Primetime Television Season , Taj Paxton , Jonathan Rosales , Callan Koenig , Brian MacKough , Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . ) For the 2009-2010 season there are zero black LGBT series regular characters and one non-human , American Dad 's Roger the alien on Fox . For the 2009-2010 season , LGBT media watchdog group Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation ( GLAAD ) reported 3 percent of all regular characters were LGBT . ( Gay Characters on Network TV : 2009-10 , Hanh Nguyen and Rick Porter , Los Angeles Times , ) An increase from 2.6 percent in the 2008-2009 season and 1.1 percent in the 2007-2008 season . ( Gay Characters on Network TV : 2009-10 , Hanh Nguyen and Rick Porter , Los Angeles Times , ) For the 2010-2011 season there were six LGBT people of color characters . ( Where we are on TV : GLAAD 's Annual Diversity Study Previews the 2010-2011 Primetime Television Season , Taj Paxton , Matthew Kane , Lauren Mattia , Rob Avruch , Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . ) For the 2011-2012 season there were five LGBT people of color characters . ( Where we are on TV : GLAAD 's Annual Diversity Study Previews the 2011-2012 Primetime Television Season , September 2011 , Gay & Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation . ) Martinez is an accountant at the Scranton , Pennsylvania , office of the paper distribution company Dunder Mifflin and gets his first name from Núñez ; series producer Greg Daniels felt that `` Oscar '' sounded like a good accountant 's name . He is a first-generation Mexican American . He is also openly gay after being outed by his then boss Michael Scott in `` Gay Witch Hunt '' , the third-season premiere episode devoted to the outing . However , the character was implied to be gay in the second-season episode `` The Secret '' , when Dwight catches him faking sickness to spend the day with his boyfriend ( Dwight remains oblivious to this detail as he was obsessed with proving that Oscar was not ill ) . As a result , in earlier episodes , many co-workers erroneously attribute to him various Mexican stereotypes ( e.g. being involved in drug cartels ) but after his outing , his stereotypes are more focused on his being gay , particularly by Michael , which may explain their conflicted relationship . Núñez explained in a 2008 interview that the character variously feels amusement , pity and hatred towards his fictional boss . He has no specific counterpart in the original British series . Oscar is known for being a rational , quietly efficient , and intellectual worker in the office , often the one who will ask pointed financial questions that his colleagues will not or that Michael avoids answering . Martinez refers to himself as being in the `` Coalition for Reason '' with Jim and Pam Halpert . According to Núñez , the three `` are there to set up the comic situations '' for boss Michael and Dwight Schrute , Michael 's toady . He explained , `` We can still be funny but we are definitely the ` straight guys ' . '' He is often the one who is able to clearly see the reality and logic in situations , including financial ones such as when Michael started up his own paper company or Ryan Howard 's online startup business . Because of this , Oscar is considered to be a know-it-all by many of his co-workers . Oscar is frequently exasperated by the antics of his coworkers and tends to find their humor offensive . He is reserved , not really exhibiting a desire for close contact with any of his co-workers , although he is friendly when not outwardly pedantic . In an AfterElton.com interview , Núñez explained he plays the character like an accountant , who happens to be gay , and just trying to do his work and not really interested in what the documentarians are filming . Actor Núñez references the character as a Log Cabin Republican , though no mention of this has occurred in the show . In the episode `` Dwight Christmas '' , he is in fact openly acknowledged as a Democrat . His more balanced and normal personality makes him an everyman type character , contrasting with the generally extroverted people with whom he works . He 's also a charter member of the company 's three-person ( and exclusive ) `` Finer Things Club '' with Pam and Toby Flenderson . He and co-worker Kevin Malone seem to have a strong friendship with each other , often a dynamic where Oscar is often the calm , rational one while Kevin is the fun-loving one .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7156809a996c562ca2b482d3959194b5", "text": "Bobby Troup Robert Wesley Troup Jr. ( October 18 , 1918 -- February 7 , 1999 ) , known as Bobby Troup , was an American actor , jazz pianist , singer and songwriter . He is best known for writing the popular standard '' ( Get Your Kicks On ) Route 66 '' , and for his role as Dr. Joe Early , opposite his real-life wife Julie London 's character , in the 1970s US TV series , Emergency !", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99d9c67bcb027aeb51ec767b8ca64461", "text": "Everybody's Fine (2009 film) Everybody 's Fine is a 2009 American drama film written and directed by Kirk Jones , and starring Robert De Niro , Drew Barrymore , Sam Rockwell and Kate Beckinsale . It is a remake of the Giuseppe Tornatore 's Italian film Everybody 's Fine . In Brazil , Russia and Japan , the film was released direct-to-DVD .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c59d1a55a3c7bca3f66871bf0e3113df", "text": "Black Banana The Black Banana was a nightclub in Philadelphia . It began as La Banane Noire at 534 South 4th Street in 1970 by Garrick Melmeck and Xavier ( ZaZa ) Hussenet . In the late 1970s it moved to 3rd and Race Street and became a private club for members only ( `` The Crusaders Community Club '' ) . Cafe Zaza served food while the Black Banana was known as the most decadent after-hours nightclub in town , with glass-walled unisex bathrooms featuring two-way mirrors , a private and exclusive party space on the third floor , and various nooks and crannies where mischievous customers could have their fun . The club thrived through the 80s being on the cutting edge of fashion and music : styles came and went and the Black Banana 's very diverse staff and sophisticated clientele rolled with the punches . This period was marked by such legendary talent as Josh Wink , Robbie Tronco , King Britt , Dj Dozia , Jeff Gross ( DJ Rush ) , Richie Rosati , Willyum , Stango , Suzi Miller and her Bananettes along with local legends like performers : Natasha and Coco , video artist : Nick London , Nick and Gigi Meoli , Toni Thomas , and uber Philly It-Girl , Kim Kelly . The Black Banana suffered a devastating fire in 1991 . Much of the staff worked day and night demolishing and rebuilding the club . All the while , loyal patrons held vigils out on its sidewalks . The club 's founder , Garrick Melmeck would succumb to AIDS in the months following the successful relaunch of the club . As the fabric of the Old City Philadelphia neighborhood changed and larger nightclubs opened in other ( less populated ) areas , The Black Banana played its last record and flashed its last strobe and closed its doors for good in 1998 . The building now houses Wexler Fine Arts Gallery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d8e60dbb8f3ba953f4f892e3931a3f6", "text": "Hari Kondabolu Hari Karthikeya Kondabolu ( హరి కొండబోలు born October 21 , 1982 ) is an American stand-up comic , actor , and podcast host . He is best known for his comedy on subjects such as race , identity , and inequity . He has appeared on television on many occasions , and was a writer for Totally Biased with W. Kamau Bell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc0fb0c1525b1e125fb1dcf063b9dea1", "text": "Black Jesus (TV series) Black Jesus is an American comedy television series created by Aaron McGruder and Mike Clattenburg that airs on Adult Swim . The series stars Gerald `` Slink '' Johnson , Charlie Murphy , Corey Holcomb , Kali Hawk , King Bach , and Andra Fuller . The series premiered on August 7 , 2014 . On December 10 , 2014 , the series was renewed for a second season . The second season premiered on September 18 , 2015 . It has been renewed for a third season .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d3741b65b999c16bf480750ea1b6d26b", "text": "Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone . Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc25a3ef841e1cf8c02b8475956345de", "text": "James R. Black James Richard Black ( born April 3 , 1962 ) is an American actor and former professional football player .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "099ee3a77bbfd07b11206802b6634ecd", "text": "Desperate Housewives Desperate Housewives is an American television comedy-drama and mystery series created by Marc Cherry , and produced by ABC Studios and Cherry Productions . It originally aired for eight seasons on ABC , from October 3 , 2004 to May 13 , 2012 . Executive producer Cherry served as showrunner . Other executive producers since the fourth season included Bob Daily , George W. Perkins , John Pardee , Joey Murphy , David Grossman , and Larry Shaw . Set on Wisteria Lane , a street in the fictional town of Fairview in the fictional Eagle State , Desperate Housewives follows the lives of a group of women as seen through the eyes of their late friend and neighbor who committed suicide in the pilot episode . The storyline covers 13 years of the women 's lives over eight seasons , set between the years 2004 -- 2008 , and later 2013 -- 2017 ( the story arc includes a five-year passage of time , as well as flashbacks ranging from the 1980s to the 2020s ) . They work through domestic struggles and family life , while facing the secrets , crimes and mysteries hidden behind the doors of their -- on the surface -- beautiful and seemingly perfect suburban neighborhood . The series features an ensemble cast , headed by Teri Hatcher as Susan Mayer , Felicity Huffman as Lynette Scavo , Marcia Cross as Bree Van de Kamp , and Eva Longoria as Gabrielle Solis . Brenda Strong narrates the series as the late Mary Alice Young , appearing sporadically in flashbacks or dream sequences . Desperate Housewives was well received by viewers and critics alike . It won multiple Primetime Emmy , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Awards . From the 2004 -- 05 through the 2008 -- 09 television seasons , its first five seasons were rated amongst the top ten most-watched series . In 2007 , it was reported to be the most popular show in its demographic worldwide , with an audience of approximately 120 million and was also reported as the third most watched television series in a study of ratings in twenty countries . In 2012 , it remained the most-watched comedy series internationally based on data from Eurodata TV Worldwide , which measured ratings across five continents ; it has held this position since 2006 . Moreover , it was the third highest revenue earning series for 2010 , with $ 2.74 million per half an hour . The show was ranked at number fifty-six on Entertainment Weekly `` New TV Classics '' list . In 2011 , it was confirmed that Desperate Housewives would conclude after its eighth season ; the series finale aired on May 13 , 2012 . By the end of the series , it had surpassed Charmed as the longest running hour-long television series featuring all female leads by two episodes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "725c46586672c78dac93e97326fd83a4", "text": "AUDELCO AUDELCO , the Audience Development Committee , Inc. , was established in 1973 by the late Vivian Robinson to honor excellence in New York City African American Theatre through presentation of Vivan Robinson/AUDELCO Recognition Awards ( a.k.a. Viv awards ) . The awards were created to promote `` recognition , understanding and awareness of the arts in the African-American community '' . The AUDELCO Viv awards recognize the following , whether Broadway or off-Broadway : Productions by Black companies Shows written or directed by Blacks Black actors in shows AUDELCO has an office in Central Harlem , New York City The President is Grace Jones and the board of directors consistsof : A.Curtis Farrow ; Ralph Carter , Toni Peterson , Jacqueline Feffries ; Linda Armstrong ; Honorable Donna M. Mills ; Fred R.Powell ; Mary Seymour ; Dale Richardo Shields ; Terrence Spivey ; Ronald Stone Esq and Mary B. Davis Chair Emeritus . The organization has thousands of members , a newsletter , and a black theater collection of books , photos , slides and scripts as well as an extensive clipping file on black theater companies and productions . The AUDELCO awards are limited to productions mounted by professional , not-for-profit theater organizations which have been in existence for at least two years and have had a minimum of 500 hours of rehearsal , performance , or training . Additionally , productions have to have been performed over 12 times between September 1 of one year and August 31 of the next . Workshop productions and works-in-progress are not eligible . The AUDELCO Viv awards allow celebrities and everyday people to get to share their love of theater and their appreciation for the incredible performances , scripts , direction , costumes and sets that have been presented during the last theater season . Michael O'Hare was the first white actor to win this award presented by the black theater community of New York for his performance in the play `` Shades of Brown '' which examined the effects of apartheid in South Africa . ( Former AUDELOC awardees included , Kerry Washington ( AUDELCO 's first Rising star ) ; Samuel L. Jackson ; Phylicia Rashad ; Debbie Allen ; Denzel Washington , Barbara Montgomery , Sanaa Lathan and others ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a", "text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "40e5b52112a3fd44a22b1b671717a260", "text": "Keefe Brasselle Keefe Brasselle ( February 7 , 1923 -- July 7 , 1981 ) was an American film actor , television actor/producer and author . He is best remembered for the starring role in The Eddie Cantor Story ( 1953 ) . The film was a response to the wildly successful The Jolson Story and Jolson Sings Again starring Larry Parks . The Eddie Cantor Story , however , could not equal the success of the Jolson films and Brasselle 's career did not launch as anticipated . In 1953 , Braselle hosted an episode of The Colgate Comedy Hour with comedian/dancer Dick Wesson as a promotional tie-in for the film . In 1956 , Braselle married the singer Arlene DeMarco ( 28 January 1933 -- 19 February 2013 ) . They divorced in 1967 . Brasselle had a close friendship with CBS executive James Aubrey . Brasselle started his own production company and Aubrey granted Brasselle 's company three television series without any previous script , pitch or pilots . The insider-chicanery resulted in a lawsuit against Aubrey and Brasselle launched by CBS shareholders . There were rumors that Aubrey had no choice in the matter due to threats from the Mafia , with which Brasselle was known to be connected . In 1961 , an Edison Township , New Jersey nightclub owned by Brasselle burned under suspicious circumstances . Fire officials came across six empty cans of gasoline at the scene , while their caps and spouts were found separately in a paper bag . In the summer of 1963 , Brasselle starred in a summer replacement series for The Garry Moore Show . Called The Keefe Brasselle Show , the program featured actress Ann B. Davis as herself in three episodes . During the 1964-1965 season , Brasselle 's `` Richelieu Productions '' banner produced three new but untested series : The Baileys of Balboa , The Cara Williams Show , and The Reporter , starring Harry Guardino . Those series suffered from poor ratings . Aubrey was removed as president of CBS Television in February 1965 after a long court battle . Brasselle later wrote a novel that was a thinly disguised account of his relationship with Aubrey and the network , The CanniBalS ( 1968 ) , followed by a sequel , The Barracudas ( 1973 ) , in which he attacked several showbiz figures he 'd worked with , including comedian Jack Benny .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32cba3c326d37d89a90dbbb46c55f484", "text": "The Target (The Office) `` The Target '' is the eighth episode of the ninth season of the American comedy television series The Office and the 184th episode overall . The episode originally aired on NBC on November 29 , 2012 . It features guest star Chris Gethard as Trevor . The series depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In the episode , Angela Lipton ( Angela Kinsey ) goes to Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) for help when she learns that her husband is having an affair with Oscar ( Oscar Nunez ) . Stanley Hudson ( Leslie David Baker ) and Phyllis Vance ( Phyllis Smith ) take advantage of Jim Halpert ( John Krasinski ) when he needs a favor , and Pete ( Jake Lacy ) distracts Pam Halpert ( Jenna Fischer ) as she begins painting her mural . `` The Target '' received positive reviews from critics , with many commenting on Nunez and Kinsey 's performances . The episode was viewed by 3.88 million viewers and received 1.9 / 5 rating among adults between the ages of 18 and 49 , ranking fourth in its timeslot . The episode , however , ultimately ranked as the highest-rated NBC series of the night .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b7878e4c8124a60cf9659ded96dde1a", "text": "Black Books Black Books is a British sitcom created by Dylan Moran and Graham Linehan and broadcast on Channel 4 from 2000 to 2004 . Starring Moran , Bill Bailey and Tamsin Greig , the series is set in the eponymous London bookshop and follows the lives of its owner Bernard Black ( Moran ) , his assistant Manny Bianco ( Bailey ) and their friend Fran Katzenjammer ( Greig ) . The series was produced by Big Talk Productions , in association with Channel 4 . The show was produced in a multiple-camera setup , and was primarily filmed at Teddington Studios in Teddington , London , with exterior scenes filmed on location on Leigh Street and the surrounding areas in Bloomsbury . The debut episode premiered on 29 September 2000 and three seasons followed , with the final episode airing on 15 April 2004 . Black Books was a critical success , winning a number of awards , including two BAFTA awards for Best Situation Comedy in 2001 and 2005 and a Bronze Rose at the Festival Rose d'Or .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c", "text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4860961a3b42b40177a2658c5389e08c", "text": "The Carmichael Show The Carmichael Show is an American sitcom television series created by Nicholas Stoller , Jerrod Carmichael , Ari Katcher , and Willie Hunter that premiered on August 26 , 2015 , on NBC . Starring Carmichael , it follows a fictional version of his family . The multi-camera show is set in Charlotte , North Carolina . On May 15 , 2016 , NBC renewed the series for a 13-episode third season , which premiered with back-to-back episodes on May 31 , 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1c8e2774a726293791ed494affbcf117", "text": "Robert Hegyes Robert Hegyes ( pronounced Hedges ; May 7 , 1951 -- January 26 , 2012 ) was an American actor best known for his portrayal of high school student Juan Epstein on the 1970s American sitcom Welcome Back , Kotter and as detective Manny Esposito on the 1980s American crime drama Cagney & Lacey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "34e56309ea46b92b141c33bc4c746b01", "text": "Robert Singer (producer) Robert Singer is an American television producer , director and writer . He is best known for his work on Supernatural where he serves as an executive producer , director and occasional writer . The character Bobby Singer was named after him . A fictionalized version of Singer appears in the season 6 episode The French Mistake played by Brian Doyle-Murray . Singer also created the series Reasonable Doubts and has worked as a producer and director on various television series , including Lois & Clark : The New Adventures of Superman . He also served as a producer for the film Cujo", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50ccc92cde1ee4a9009b4d60dda68361", "text": "Falling in Love (1984 film) Falling in Love is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Robert De Niro and Meryl Streep and directed by Ulu Grosbard . In the film , two married strangers meet randomly , become friends , and fall in love . They spend time together , riding the train into the city of New York , and begin meeting for coffee or lunch . They enjoy their time together and this enjoyment eventually blossoms into love .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e474b55436f98bd888f1eaaf46afb2b2
Tokyo ranked fourth in an index.
[ { "docid": "d285cdb616745f99b101a34378a4f155", "text": "Tokyo Tokyo ( -LSB- toːkjoː -RSB- , -LSB- langˈtoʊki.oʊ -RSB- ) , officially Tokyo Metropolis , is the capital of Japan and one of its 47 prefectures . The Greater Tokyo Area is the most populous metropolitan area in the world . It is the seat of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese government . Tokyo is in the Kantō region on the southeastern side of the main island Honshu and includes the Izu Islands and Ogasawara Islands . Formerly known as Edo , it has been the de facto seat of government since 1603 when Shogun Tokugawa Ieyasu made the city his headquarters . It officially became the capital after Emperor Meiji moved his seat to the city from the old capital of Kyoto in 1868 ; at that time Edo was renamed Tokyo . Tokyo Metropolis was formed in 1943 from the merger of the former and the . Tokyo is often referred to as a city , but is officially known and governed as a `` metropolitan prefecture '' , which differs from and combines elements of a city and a prefecture , a characteristic unique to Tokyo . The Tokyo metropolitan government administers the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo ( each governed as an individual city ) , which cover the area that was the City of Tokyo before it merged and became the metropolitan prefecture in 1943 . The metropolitan government also administers 39 municipalities in the western part of the prefecture and the two outlying island chains . The population of the special wards is over 9 million people , with the total population of the prefecture exceeding 13 million . The prefecture is part of the world 's most populous metropolitan area with upwards of 37.8 million people and the world 's largest urban agglomeration economy . The city hosts 51 of the Fortune Global 500 companies , the highest number of any city in the world . Tokyo ranked third in the International Financial Centres Development IndexEdit . The city is also home to various television networks such as Fuji TV , Tokyo MX , TV Tokyo , TV Asahi , Nippon Television , NHK and the Tokyo Broadcasting System . Tokyo ranked first in the Global Economic Power Index and fourth in the Global Cities Index . The city is considered an alpha + world city -- as listed by the GaWC 's 2008 inventory -- and in 2014 , Tokyo was ranked first in the `` Best overall experience '' category of TripAdvisor '' 's World City Survey ( the city also ranked first in the following categories : `` helpfulness of locals '' , `` nightlife '' , `` shopping '' , `` local public transportation '' and `` cleanliness of streets '' ) . In 2015 , Tokyo was ranked as the 11th most expensive city for expatriates , according to the Mercer consulting firm , and also the world 's 11th most expensive city , according to the Economist Intelligence Unit 's cost-of-living survey . In 2015 , Tokyo was named the Most Liveable City in the world by the magazine Monocle '' . The Michelin Guide has awarded Tokyo by far the most Michelin stars of any city in the world . Tokyo ranked first in the world in the Safe Cities Index . The 2016 edition of QS Best Student Cities ranked Tokyo as the 3rd-best city in the world to be a university student . Tokyo hosted the 1964 Summer Olympics , the 1979 G-7 summit , the 1986 G-7 summit , and the 1993 G-7 summit , and will host the 2020 Summer Olympics and the 2020 Summer Paralympics .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "cb03db7cd7af10e93dd91fe285418c95", "text": "Akiruno, Tokyo is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis , in the central Kantō region of Japan . , the city had an estimated population of 80,464 and a population density of 1100 persons per km ² . Its total area was 73.47 sqkm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "81e95b691056f72513bf6f1ce0cbbdc3", "text": "Iriya Station (Tokyo) is a subway station in Taitō , Tokyo , Japan , operated by Tokyo Metro .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43f6d920ddd222dd0c8f28df379dd62d", "text": "Tokyo City was a municipality in Japan and part of Tokyo-fu which existed from 1 May 1889 until its merger with its prefecture on 1 July 1943 . The historical boundaries of Tokyo City are now occupied by the 23 Special Wards of Tokyo . The new merged government became what is now Tokyo , also known as the Tokyo Metropolis , or , ambiguously , Tokyo Prefecture .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "375dfae6945befc327b3cac9076b5dda", "text": "Fukuoka–Kitakyushu is the most common name given to the region comprising the metropolitan areas of the cities of Fukuoka and Kitakyushu in Fukuoka Prefecture , Japan and in between . Alternate names are many , including Kitakyushu-Fukuoka Greater Metropolitan Region , Northern Part of Kyushu Greater Metropolitan Region One reason for complications in naming is because the whole region itself was once referred to as `` Kitakyushu '' , which had become ambiguous after the city merger in 1963 which created the city by the same name . These cities may be referred to separately , but often are lumped together since they are close and lie in the same prefecture . Furthermore , their economic spheres , infrastructure , and transport links overlap . Note that the metro areas include the tip of Honshu island ( Shimonoseki on Honshu is a significant suburb of Kitakyushu ) , as well as the northern part of Kyushu . The definition of Northern Kyushu is not a superset of Fukuoka -- Kitakyushu ; among the ways it differs : it generally does not include any cities on Honshu island .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ed704d74b7af828037a8fe05f3eb3c33", "text": "Guro District, Seoul Guro District ( Guro-gu ) is a district of Seoul , South Korea , which was separated from Yeongdeungpo District on April 1 , 1980 . Located in the southwestern part of the city , where besides Yangcheon District and Geumcheon District Guro District has an important position as a transport link which contains railroads , land routes from the rest of Seoul to the south of the country . The Gyeongbu and Gyeongin railway lines connect Seoul to Busan and Incheon . In addition , Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines 1 , 2 , and 7 , and major highways intersect in Guro District . The name Guro originates from the legend that nine ( gu ) old men ( Korean : ro ) enjoyed longevity in the district . A digital industrial complex is located in Guro District . The Guro Digital Industrial Complex , which played a leading industrial role mainly with textile manufacturing , dressmaking and other labour-intensive industries in 1967 , has been rapidly changed into an IT industrial complex . This complex played a pivotal role in the economic growth of the South Korea 's development era , referred to as the `` Miracle on the Han River '' , and also contributed 10 percent of national export in the 1970s . Twenty-one percent of the total area of Guro District is a restricted zone to be used as a greenbelt with the only arboretum in Seoul . The zone is changing into a lively district as large labour-intensive factories are moving from the area and the council is developing what it terms its four zones . An `` e-government '' system based on this hosted the international e-participation forum on February 7 -- 9 , 2007 , with the participation of more than thirty-seven countries . The forum was launched with the theme `` Promoting Democracy and Regional Development '' and twenty-five mayors including André Santini ( Issy-les-Moulineaux , France ) , Kevin Foy ( Chapel Hill , US ) , Apirak Kosayothin ( Bangkok , Thailand ) , Uvais Mohamed Emthiyas ( Colombo , Sri Lanka ) , and world experts such as Dr William H. Dutton ( Director of Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford , UK ) and Dr Ari-Veiko Anttiroiko ( professor at the University of Tampere , Finland ) participated in the forum . The Guro Declaration , adopted during the forum , aims to set up a portal site for e-government development and to establish a concrete project in order to bridge the digital divide among the world 's cities . This practice has been recognised for providing a new important step in the development of e-democracy . The e-participation forum was a key factor for Guro to play the leading role in bridging the digital divide among cities , to provide I.T. enterprises located in Guro Digital Industrial Complex the opportunity to launch into the international market , to improve its image and become a global leader to concrete e-democracy .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "47ecdc1a26074dc9e922a5288e8fbe13", "text": "Tokyo University of Science , formerly `` Science University of Tokyo '' or TUS , informally or simply is a private research university located in Shinjuku , Tokyo , Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "220e08c8d58d78cecef451f0d18b8114", "text": "Tokyo Dome City , referred to as Big Egg City before January 1 , 2000 , is an entertainment complex in Bunkyo , Tokyo , Japan . It includes the world 's largest roofed baseball stadium known as Tokyo Dome ( nicknamed `` Big Egg '' ) , an amusement park known as Tokyo Dome City Attractions ( formerly Kōrakuen Yūenchi ) , and Korakuen Hall . In May 2003 , a spa resort known as LaQua opened for business near Tokyo Dome City Attractions . It also hosts character shows for Toei Company 's Toei Superheroes , including the Kamen Rider and Super Sentai series . The Tokyo Dome City contains the Tokyo Dome Hotel , a 43-story hotel that is easily visible from the street and from the Tokyo Subway Suidobashi Station , which is only two blocks away .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec6dff9c0272d307fd0c5295ce17f5bb", "text": "Toda, Saitama is a city located in Saitama Prefecture , in the central Kantō region of Japan . , the city had an estimated population of 136,652 and a population density of 7510 persons per km ² . Its total area was 18.19 sqkm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a4347d82046815d4dea9a36e2f1d024", "text": "Bunkyō is a special ward located in Tokyo , Japan . Situated in the middle of the ward area , Bunkyō is a residential and educational center . Beginning in the Meiji period , literati like Natsume Sōseki , as well as scholars and politicians have lived there . Bunkyō is home to the Tokyo Dome , judo 's Kodokan , and the University of Tokyo ( Hongo Campus ) . The English translation of its Japanese self-designation is Bunkyō City . Bunkyō has a sister-city relationship with Kaiserslautern in the Rhineland-Palatinate of Germany . As of May 1 , 2015 , the ward has a population of 217,743 ( including about 6,500 foreign residents ) and a population density of 19,290 persons per km ² . The total area is 11.29 km ² . The ward was founded on March 15 , 1947 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0d22b89bcc66caafacba0e80e621e9dd", "text": "Niigata, Niigata is the capital and the most populous city of Niigata Prefecture , Japan . It lies on the northwest coast of Honshu , the largest island of Japan , in the Chūbu region and faces the Sea of Japan and Sado Island . , the city had an estimated population of 807,450 and a population density of 1,110 persons per km ² . The total area is 726.45 sqkm . Greater Niigata , Niigata Metropolitan Employment Area , has a GDP of US$ 43.3 billion as of 2010 . With a long history as a port town , Niigata became a free port following the Meiji Restoration . Niigata 's city government was established in 1889 . Mergers with nearby municipalities in 2005 allowed the city 's population to jump to 810,000 . The annexation of the surrounding area has also given the city the greatest rice paddy field acreage in Japan . On April 1 , 2007 , it became the first government-designated city on the Japan Sea coast of Honshu .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d5f9cf0da951e53254b31abc78e3a9c5", "text": "FC Tokyo is a Japanese association football club playing in J1 League . Its hometown is Tokyo prefecture . The team is one of only four in the J. League to be simply called Football Club without an extended name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "882fcdd346caeb2242e13f88ad01f3de", "text": "Tokyo Christian University is a private university in Inzai , Chiba , Japan , offering an undergraduate liberal arts degree in both Japanese and English . The English-degree program is administered under the `` Asian Christian Theological Studies Program for English Speakers '' ( ACTS-ES ) , which integrates the liberal arts with Bible studies and theology , academic preparation with practical experience , the English language with Japanese studies , and the world 's cultures with Japan and Asia . All courses are offered in English , though two years of Japanese language study is required , and advanced students have the option of doing some coursework entirely in Japanese together with Japanese undergraduates . Students who meet advanced requirements may obtain a minor in Japanese Studies . International students and Japanese students are not segregated , as often happens at Japanese universities , but live together in on-campus dorms . TCU 's history spans 125 years of Japan 's 140-year Protestant history . The university emerged from a merger of three Christian schools . The oldest , founded in 1881 in Yokohama , focused on women 's education at a time when Japan offered women few opportunities for higher education . In 1949 Tokyo Christian Theological Seminary came into existence , and 1950 saw the establishment of the Japan Domei Institute . The Domei Institute later offered both a three - and a four-year course , achieving accreditation as a junior college . These three schools merged in 1979 , with the goal of upgrading the junior college into a university while maintaining the seminary as a distinct graduate program with its own identity . In 1989 , the merged school moved to its present location in Chiba New Town , a part of the greater Tokyo metropolitan area . Having achieved the approval of the Japanese Ministry of Education , the transition from the junior college to the university took place between 1990 and 1993 . The university admitted its first group of students in 1990 , when the junior college graduated its final class . In 1993 , the university gained full recognition from the Japanese Ministry of Education , and it continues in this status until today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3169333e9b1bd23780b5586dbda67388", "text": "Jewels 4th Ring Jewels 4th Ring was a mixed martial arts ( MMA ) event hosted by promotion Jewels . The event took place on at Shin-Kiba 1st Ring in Koto , Tokyo , Japan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29f2d3cf60582a81905d5047d0606421", "text": "Tourism in Tokyo Tourism in Tokyo is a major industry . In 2006 , 4.81 million foreigners and 420 million Japanese visits to Tokyo were made ; the economic value of these visits totaled 9.4 trillion yen according to the government of Tokyo . Many tourists visit the various downtowns , stores , and entertainment districts throughout the neighborhoods of the special wards of Tokyo ; particularly school children on class trips , a visit to Tokyo Tower is de rigueur . Cultural offerings include both omnipresent Japanese pop culture and associated districts such as Shibuya and Harajuku , subcultural attractions such as Studio Ghibli anime center , as well as museums like the Tokyo National Museum , which houses 37 % of the country 's artwork national treasures ( 87/233 ) . No buildings in Tokyo are World heritage sites and only the Jizo Hall of Shofuku-ji , a suburban temple , is a National treasure . Other popular attractions include the Imperial Palace , Meiji Shrine , and Sensō-ji , a popular temple . Finally , many tourists , particularly foreign tourists , visit Tsukiji Fish Market , as the time-zone difference leads to foreign visitors waking up very early local time . Access to Tokyo is provided by airports including Narita Airport , Tokyo International Airport ( Haneda , providing primarily domestic service ) , and the Shinkansen . Major hotel districts include Shinjuku and Tokyo Bay , although there are some hotels in many more districts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd4d80f4cd55315a8b1c630c9397cf1b", "text": "Musashino, Tokyo right | 270px | thumb | Inokashira Park is a city located in the western portion of Tokyo Metropolis , in the central Kantō region of Japan . , the city had an estimated population of 143,868 and a population density of 13,090 persons per km ² . Its total area was 10.98 sqkm .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bcdc447b6480ab253ed3ed6b5aff4a4", "text": "Tokyo Seitoku University is a private university in Kita , Tokyo , Japan , established in 1993 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eff85e0e31cb056c5e9fe3ec422f045a", "text": "Environmental Performance Index The Environmental Performance Index ( EPI ) is a method of quantifying and numerically marking the environmental performance of a state 's policies . This index was developed from the Pilot Environmental Performance Index , first published in 2002 , and designed to supplement the environmental targets set forth in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals . The EPI was preceded by the Environmental Sustainability Index ( ESI ) , published between 1999 and 2005 . Both indexes were developed by Yale University ( Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy ) and Columbia University ( Center for International Earth Science Information Network ) in collaboration with the World Economic Forum and the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission . The ESI was developed to evaluate environmental sustainability relative to the paths of other countries . Due to a shift in focus by the teams developing the ESI , the EPI uses outcome-oriented indicators , then working as a benchmark index that can be more easily used by policy makers , environmental scientists , advocates and the general public . Other leading indices like the Global Green Economy Index ( GGEI ) provide an integrated measure of the environmental , social and economic dynamics of national economies . The GGEI utilizes EPI data for the environmental dimension of the index while also providing a performance assessment of efficiency sectors ( e.g. transport , buildings , energy ) , investment , green innovation and national leadership around climate change . As of January 2012 four EPI reports have been released - the Pilot 2006 Environmental Performance Index , and the 2008 , 2010 , and 2012 Environmental Performance Index . For the 2012 report , a new `` Pilot Trend EPI '' was developed to rank countries based on the environmental performance changes occurred during the last decade , allowing to establish which countries are improving and which are declining . In the 2014 EPI ranking , the top five countries were Switzerland , Luxembourg , Australia , Singapore , and the Czech Republic . The bottom five countries in 2014 were Somalia , Mali , Haiti , Lesotho , and Afghanistan . The United Kingdom was ranked in 12th place , Japan 26th place , the United States 33rd , Brazil 77th , China 118th , and India came in 155th . The top five countries based on their 2012 Pilot Trend EPI were Estonia , Kuwait , El Salvador , Namibia and Congo .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c5f91a9eb64f544b67f5bac3e4dd377a", "text": "Mass media in Saitama Prefecture This article lists and describes the features of mass media based in Saitama Prefecture of Japan . Most are based in the capital and most populous city Saitama City 's Urawa ward . Unless mentioned otherwise the language is Japanese . Like other parts of Kantō region incorporating the Greater Tokyo Area , media based in Tokyo dominate the attention of the residents . Tokyo 's major radio and television stations are licensed to cover the whole Kantō region . See Japanese media for them . They have larger readership or rates than the locally based media .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a02cc9aeb7d2a181cf7812209aea1d2b", "text": "T&D Holdings T&D Holdings is a Japanese insurance company . It is listed on the Nikkei 225 . It is based in Tokyo , Japan . Subsidiaries include Taiyo Life , Daido Life , T&D Financial Life , and T&D Asset Management . In 2012 , it was ranked 413 in the Fortune Global 500 list , with USD $ 26.6 bn in revenue . Assets -- $ 123.7 billion ( 2015 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2cdf3d49603a14a3608b726a4df89b3e", "text": "Tokyo Football Stadium Tokyo Football Stadium is a football stadium in Tokyo , Japan . It was used as football stadium of the 1958 Asian Games .", "title": "" } ]
fever
aac459f8e7ec14d4144b4e6ce5082afd
All About Eve won 6 Academy Awards.
[ { "docid": "afbf865569f9c55b2e3119bca958db8b", "text": "All About Eve All About Eve is a 1950 American drama film written and directed by Joseph L. Mankiewicz , and produced by Darryl F. Zanuck . It was based on the 1946 short story `` The Wisdom of Eve '' by Mary Orr , although screen credit was not given for it . The film stars Bette Davis as Margo Channing , a highly regarded but aging Broadway star . Anne Baxter plays Eve Harrington , an ambitious young fan who insinuates herself into Channing 's life , ultimately threatening Channing 's career and her personal relationships . George Sanders , Celeste Holm , Hugh Marlowe , Barbara Bates , Gary Merrill , and Thelma Ritter also appear , and the film provided one of Marilyn Monroe 's earliest important roles . Praised by critics at the time of its release , All About Eve received 14 Academy Awards nominations ( a feat only matched by the 1997 film Titanic and the 2016 film La La Land ) and won six , including Best Picture . All About Eve is the only film in Oscar history to receive four female acting nominations ( Davis and Baxter as Best Actress , Holm and Ritter as Best Supporting Actress ) . All About Eve was selected in 1990 for preservation in the United States National Film Registry and was among the first 50 films to be registered . All About Eve appeared at # 16 on AFI 's 1998 list of the 100 best American films .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "de618f64d3c06a7157a7ddc9cf31e1b0", "text": "9th Primetime Emmy Awards The 9th Emmy Awards , later referred to as the 9th Primetime Emmy Awards , were held on March 16 , 1957 to honor the best in television of the year . The ceremony was held at the NBC Studios in Burbank , California . Desi Arnaz hosted the event . All nominations are listed , with winners in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . Categories were sorted based on running time , instead of by genre . The top shows of the night were Caesar 's Hour and Playhouse 90 . Each show won a then-record five major awards , ( however , two of Playhouse 90 's wins came in now defunct categories ) . Caesar 's Hour became the first show to be nominated in all four major acting categories . Caesar 's Hour also made history when it swept the four acting categories . After over fifty years , it remains the only comedy or drama series to win every major acting award . In 2004 , the miniseries Angels in America became the second show , and first miniseries/television movie , to sweep the acting field .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3631d09271008796d65f4024c57331d5", "text": "About Adam About Adam is a 2000 romantic comedy film written and directed by Gerard Stembridge . The screenplay focuses on the effect a seductive young man has on four siblings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d70522556bbfe63b4711085cb622d23", "text": "6th Edda Awards The 6th Edda Awards were held on 14 November 2004 at Nordica Hótel in Reykjavik . The awards were hosted by actress/comedian Helga Braga Jónsdóttir and TV presenter Kristján Kristjánsson . For the first time only one award was given for Best Actor and Actress as well as the Supporting Actor and Actress . As in previous years the public was able to cast their votes online . The Icelandic Film and Television Academy had 70 % say in the results and the public 30 % . Except for the Best Television Personality where the public had 100 % say in the results . The film Kaldaljós , directed by Hilmar Oddson , was the winner of the evening taking five awards and receiving eight nominations . The Best Documentary category was interesting this year since two of the nominated films , Án Titils and Faux - í þessu máli , were about a high profile fraud case , where a great deal of paintings from Icelandic artists had been faked and sold . The goal was to make the court system change the laws on fraud of that kind since the laws were outdated and unclear . Ingvar E. Sigurðsson and Ómar Ragnarsson both won their third Eddas on the night . Sigurðsson his third Best Actor award and Ragnarsson the award for Best Television Personality . He had previously won an award for Best News Anchor in 2001 and 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349", "text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a6f11e212ed35ec7f1fa541c1706cb87", "text": "24th Primetime Emmy Awards The 24th Emmy Awards , later known as the 24th Primetime Emmy Awards , were handed out on May 6 , 1972 . The ceremony was hosted by Johnny Carson . Winners are listed in bold and series ' networks are in parentheses . The top shows of the night were All in the Family and Elizabeth R. All in the Family set numerous records during the night , it became the first show to win six major awards , ( although one came in a tie , this record would be broken by other shows that won six major awards outright ) . It also became the first non-anthology drama to receive at least ten major nominations . A milestone was set when All in the Family and Columbo each received every nomination in a major category , both for writing . This feat has become extremely rare as the field of nominees expanded to five and later six . Glenda Jackson also made history by receiving three acting nominations for the same performance as Queen Elizabeth I in Elizabeth R , rules changes have made this impossible in later ceremonies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f47077cc24080953872373fa02f1148", "text": "Eve Southern Eve Southern ( October 24 , 1898 -- November 28 , 1972 ) born Elva L. McDowell , was an American film actress . She appeared in 38 films between 1916 and 1936 . She was chosen as one of Rolf Armstrong 's sixteen screen beauties in 1930 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "74c2e6c4d6075ca2f7b075390271f376", "text": "David E. Campbell (sound engineer) David E. Campbell is an American sound engineer . He won an Academy Award for Best Sound and has been nominated for five more in the same category . He has worked on over 160 films since 1977 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "baf932a6f3d7fef08c8659f9175bd454", "text": "Eve Whittle Evelyn `` Eve '' Whittle ( born August 5 , 1967 ) is an American actress and child psychologist best known for her TV role of the earnest and enthusiastic airport supervisor/technician Brenda Blue on the PBS Kids CGI animated cartoon series Jay Jay the Jet Plane . Brenda is noted for her formulaic enunciation of words .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "351f7e4acadce62cbab65a26f0bb7a37", "text": "The Theory of Everything (2014 film) The Theory of Everything is a 2014 British biographical romantic drama film directed by James Marsh and adapted by Anthony McCarten from the memoir Travelling to Infinity : My Life with Stephen by Jane Wilde Hawking , which deals with her relationship with her ex-husband , theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking , his diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS , also known as Lou Gehrig 's disease or motor neurone disease ) , and his success in physics . The film stars Eddie Redmayne and Felicity Jones with Charlie Cox , Emily Watson , Simon McBurney , Christian McKay , Harry Lloyd and David Thewlis featured in supporting roles . The film had its world premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival on 7 September 2014 . The film was acclaimed critically worldwide , with praise for the musical score , cinematography and the performance of Felicity Jones and especially Eddie Redmayne , which earned him nominations for a variety of accolades in award shows and film festivals , including the Academy Award for Best Actor . The film received four Golden Globe Award nominations , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Redmayne and Best Original Score for Jóhannsson . It received three Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations , winning one for the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role for Redmayne . It received 10 British Academy Film Awards nominations and won Outstanding British Film , Best Leading Actor ( for Redmayne ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( for McCarten ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "eb2600832a8a97147111f4517a8fb164", "text": "8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' . The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later . Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor . This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3d3ef4144272590b03989e584498c8a2", "text": "List of Iraqi submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film Iraq has submitted films for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film since 2005 . The award is handed out annually by the United States Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . It was not created until the 1956 Academy Awards , in which a competitive Academy Award of Merit , known as the Best Foreign Language Film Award , was created for non-English speaking films , and has been given annually since . As of 2016 , seven Iraqi films have been submitted for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film , and none of them have been accepted as nominees .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2ccb4ebb28716badbd4375254ce7929", "text": "Eve (1968 film) Eve is a 1968 thriller film directed by Jeremy Summers and starring Robert Walker , Fred Clark , Herbert Lom , Christopher Lee and introducing Celeste Yarnall as Eve . When the director quit midway through filming , Spanish horror film director Jesus Franco was brought in to finish the job . The film was a co-production between Britain , Spain , Liechtenstein and the United States , and location scenes were filmed in Brazil . It was also released as Eva en la Selva , The Face of Eve ( in the UK ) , Eve in the Jungle , or Diana , Daughter of the Wilderness .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d60daf5f1da723199ff279dd7db45d14", "text": "1985 Academy Awards 1985 Academy Awards may refer to : 57th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1985 58th Academy Awards , the 1986 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1985", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db02ed3acf07a515085d94d3b38b69a0", "text": "6th Genie Awards The 6th Genie Awards were held on March 21 , 1985 , to honour achievements in Canadian cinema in 1984 . It was the first time the Genies were broadcast live across Canada by CBC Television , and they drew 1.9 million viewers . The event , held at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre , was cohosted by Al Waxman and Kerrie Keane . Only four films were nominated for Best Motion Picture this year ; two additional films had tied in the voting for the fifth spot , and the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television opted to nominate only four films rather than extending the category to six nominees . However , similar ties in a few other categories did result in six nominees being named .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b2b9d8787d0b84f75e2577ed69eeb7e", "text": "Tom Johnson (sound engineer) Tom Johnson is an American sound engineer . He has won two Academy Awards for Best Sound and has been nominated for six more in the same category . He has worked on over 125 films since 1983 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bc8899a590def7cc6c5a2fd0994fa289", "text": "All Hallows' Eve (2016 film) All Hallows ' Eve is an 2016 indie family halloween film directed by Charlie Vaughn . The film stars Lexi Giovagnoli , John DeLuca , Ashley Argota , Diane Salinger , and Martin Klebba .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02", "text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "05ed522fdc8eeafc47ef52785a8b7c53", "text": "1975 Academy Awards 1975 Academy Awards may refer to : 47th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1975 48th Academy Awards , the 1976 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1975", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28", "text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59", "text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .", "title": "" } ]
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133045ee3e8c782d58224e3cf2c3b400
Intimacy (film) features a performance by Kerry Fox.
[ { "docid": "8905991c970750c35513c488a21643c8", "text": "Intimacy (film) Intimacy is a 2001 British film directed by Patrice Chéreau , starring Mark Rylance and Kerry Fox . Intimacy is an international co-production among production companies in France , the U.K. , Germany , and Spain featuring a soundtrack of pop songs from the 1970s and 1980s . It was written by Chéreau with Anne-Louise Trividic , based on stories by Hanif Kureishi ( who also wrote a novel of the same title ) . This mainstream-defined film contains an unsimulated fellatio scene by Fox on Rylance . A French-dubbed version features voice actors Jean-Hugues Anglade and Nathalie Richard . The film has been associated with the New French Extremity .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "450a8e15c58f6018a7e222e2da4788a6", "text": "Eytan Fox Eytan Fox ( born on August 21 , 1964 ) is an Israeli film director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "59928551eb4f8f90d2ceb4f0f9e37732", "text": "Daphne Zuniga Daphne Eurydice Zuniga ( -LSB- 'd æfni_zuːˈniːgə -RSB- born October 28 , 1962 ) is an American film and television actress , and environmentalist . After studying at the American Conservatory Theater in her youth , she made her film debut in 1982 in the slasher film The Dorm That Dripped Blood at the age of 19 , followed by a lead role in the horror film The Initiation ( 1984 ) two years later . She went on to star in several comedies , including Rob Reiner 's The Sure Thing ( 1985 ) , opposite John Cusack , as well as the cult comedies Spaceballs , and Modern Girls ( 1986 ) . She also starred opposite Lucille Ball in the television drama film Stone Pillow ( 1986 ) , and in the sci-fi horror sequel The Fly II ( 1989 ) . Zuniga would later gain major exposure as a television actress for her role as Jo Reynolds on the Fox prime time soap opera Melrose Place from 1992 -- 1996 . Other television credits include as Victoria Davis on One Tree Hill ( 2008 -- 2012 ) , and as Lynn Kerr on the drama series Beautiful People . Also an environmental activist , Zuniga was a founding member of the Earth Communications Office ( ECO ) , and has worked with the Natural Resources Defense Council , the Waterkeeper Alliance , and Environment California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "113e92a8d9cd8d935b9451879c89e081", "text": "Secrets of Sex Secrets of Sex ( 1969 , released 1970 ) , also known as Bizarre , is a British film , directed by Antony Balch , an experimental filmmaker and frequent collaborator with William S. Burroughs . The film is narrated by an Egyptian mummy ( voiced by Valentine Dyall ) . After directing the Burroughs-influenced shorts Towers Open Fire ( 1963 ) and The Cut Ups ( 1967 ) , Balch approached producer Richard Gordon in 1968 to direct an anthology film running just over an hour , titled Multiplication . After the script was rewritten to bring the film up to feature length and the budget doubled ( 32,000 pounds ) filming took place over 14 weeks in 1969 . Released in February 1970 , it was a huge success in the UK , running for six months at the Jacey Cinema in Piccadilly Circus alone , during which time it recouped its entire production cost . The film remained in circulation in the UK throughout the 1970s , sometimes appearing in a half hour edited version that played on the second half of double-bills . Five writers are credited with the script , although several other people , including Brion Gysin and Ian Cullen ( writer of Cruel Passion ( 1977 ) and husband of Yvonne Quenet , who plays Mary-Claire in the film ) also claimed to have worked on the writing . Many of the actresses who appear nude in the film , such as Nicole Austin and Maria Frost , were mainly topless models who had begun to get minor acting roles in British sex and horror films of the period . Frost , who plays Lindy Leigh in the film , was so horrified she 'd been given a major role in the film that she reportedly told Balch `` I 'm a model , I ca n't act . '' She had previously appeared in two Harrison Marks shorts , Maria and Scouts Honour . The dinosaur sculptures that feature in the `` Strange Young Man '' segment are the famous Crystal Palace Dinosaurs . Commenting on the film in an unpublished 1975 interview , Balch claimed `` this is a very uneven film , but three episodes and a single shot , are good . I liked the ones with the photographer , Elliot Stein , and the Lady in the Greenhouse . The episode of the monster baby is a bore , but the single shot of it , at the end is brilliant . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "52001679db042df9b42658cb6b59a0f0", "text": "In a Forest, Dark and Deep In a Forest , Dark and Deep is a play by Neil LaBute . It received its world premiere production in the West End 's Vaudeville Theatre on 14 March 2011 following previews from 3 March 2011 , running for a limited season until 4 June 2011 . The production starred Matthew Fox and Olivia Williams . The play had its American premiere at Profiles Theatre in Chicago , Illinois in April 2012 through 3 June . The production stars Darrell W. Cox and Natasha Lowe and was directed by Joe Jahraus.The Chicago Tribune reviewer wrote : `` Interesting and formatively atypical , it strikes me as very much a meditation on what is and is not true , on the ease of rushing to misjudgment , and also a further manifestation of the longstanding authorial fascination with the close link between deep intimacy and dark violence . '' This production was followed by a Contemporary American Theater Festival ( Shepherdstown , West Virginia ) production as part of the 2012 Festival from 6 to 29 July 2012 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "94f7dfc24f3e97de5634b8404ad67a36", "text": "List of awards and nominations received by Sharon Stone American actress Sharon Stone has won 10 awards from 41 nominations , including one Emmy Award , one Golden Globe Award , and two MTV Movie Awards . She has also received several `` dishonors '' for poor performances in films , earning three Golden Raspberry Awards , and two Stinkers Bad Movie Awards . Stone 's breakout role as Catherine Tramell in Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) earned her a Chicago Film Critics Association Award , Golden Globe Award , and Saturn Award nominations . This was followed by two nominations for MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Female for the films Sliver ( 1993 ) and The Specialist ( 1994 ) . For her role as Ginger McKenna in Casino ( 1995 ) , she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama and received her only Academy Award nomination for the same category . She guest starred as an attorney who believes she can communicate with God in The Practice ( 1997 -- 2004 ) , a role that earned her the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series . In Basic Instinct 2 ( 2006 ) , her return to the character Tramell received mixed critical reviews , and garnered her both a Golden Raspberry Award . Stone has also received a number of non-performance honors . She was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1995 for her contribution to acting . The actress was nominated for Golden Apple Award for being easy to work with according to her co-stars . In 2005 , she was named Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France . She received recognition at the 2006 Women Film Critics Circle Awards for her collaborations with AmfAR with their research on AIDS .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "19245aaf82a81acc6448043e62c26ce3", "text": "Cecilia Dougherty Cecilia Dougherty creates videotapes and digital films which focus on the themes of lesbianism and popular culture . While her early work places lesbians in a cultural territory separate from mainstream society , other projects portray the lesbian experience in terms of commonly held norms ; in her own words , `` the life of an ordinary lesbian and her working-class family . '' Her work , which is created primarily as video art , is actually not chiefly ` about ' lesbianism , but is about the nature of individual experience within society , with strong psychological themes . She uses biography , essay , portraiture and autobiography to examine the nature of human experience . An early influence in Dougherty 's life was the poetry of Robert Graves .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6ef9a9d39574ae03c3a2d5e4aca723e", "text": "Flex (film) Flex is a 2000 video installation by the British video artist Chris Cunningham . It consists of a 15-minute film loop that endlessly depicts a naked man and woman floating in darkness , who by turns embrace and furiously beat one another , culminating in an act of anal sex during which they disappear in a blast of light . The film is set to an electronic soundtrack by Aphex Twin . It was first displayed to the public in 2000 as part of the Apocalypse : Beauty and Horror in Contemporary Art exhibition at the Royal Academy of Arts , and subsequently at the Anthony d'Offay Gallery and other art galleries . It was given an 18 certificate by the BBFC , with no cuts from its original form . A 3.5-minute excerpt of the 17-minute film was released on the DVD The Work of Director Chris Cunningham . It was also re-edited for the back-drop screen projection during Madonna 's performance of `` Frozen '' during her Re-Invention World Tour . The full 17-minute video was shown in the Barbican 's exhibition Seduced : Art and Sex from Antiquity to Now curated by Martin Kemp , Marina Wallace and Joanne Bernstein . alongside other pieces by Bacon , Klimt , Rembrandt , Rodin and Picasso . The man and woman are depicted by combining the performances of a number of performers and body doubles , including actors Jon and Jo Hadfield , and dancers Rob Tannion and Desiree Kongerod . Post-production work was done at Glassworks and the Moving Picture Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b776a59ab51178c1c4c9085861f05b5", "text": "Kristin Davis Kristin Landen Davis ( also listed as Kristin Lee Davis ; born February 23 , 1965 ) is an American actress . She is known for playing Brooke Armstrong on the soap opera Melrose Place ( 1995 -- 1996 ) , and Charlotte York Goldenblatt on HBO 's Sex and the City ( 1998 -- 2004 ) . She received a 2004 Emmy Award nomination for her role as Charlotte , and reprised the role in the films , Sex and the City ( 2008 ) and Sex and the City 2 ( 2010 ) . Davis made her Broadway debut playing Mabel Cantwell in the 2012 revival of The Best Man , and her West End debut playing Beth Gallagher in the original 2014 stage production of Fatal Attraction .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4ac26d26d2af58ee0d45a8242e6ffc52", "text": "Kerry Blair Kerry Blair is an American author .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c8a717a602c333b35a23a42710d0b204", "text": "Affection Exchange Theory Affection Exchange Theory ( AET ) was introduced in 2001 by Kory Floyd . The theory was first presented in two of Floyd 's research projects . The first was in a paper presented to the Western States Communication Association in Coeur d'Alene , ID in February 2001 . The paper was titled `` Elements of an affection exchange theory : Socioevolutionary paradigm for understanding affectionate communication '' . The second was in an article titled `` Human Affection Exchange I : Reproductive probability as a predictor of men 's affection with their sons , '' published in The Journal of Men 's Studies in Fall 2001 . When this theory was constructed , Floyd was working as a professor at Arizona State University in Tempe , Arizona in the Hugh Downs School of Human Communication . Many studies had been done up to this point ( including some of Floyd 's own research pieces ) regarding affection and its involvement in interpersonal relationships , particularly between romantic partners and between parents and their children . In 2001 , Floyd introduced AET , which was the first theory to address some of the short and long-term effects of the exchange of affection .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7d2811bcdd1968ad5f99f286f4b90eb", "text": "Chloe (actress) Chloe ( born November 14 , 1971 ) is the stage name of an American pornographic actress , nude model and director .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a", "text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72624258d58807ba85fe8f6238ca0eb8", "text": "Basic Instinct Basic Instinct is a 1992 neo-noir erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas , and starring Michael Douglas and Sharon Stone . The film follows a police detective , Nick Curran ( Douglas ) , who is investigating the brutal murder of a wealthy rock star . During the investigation Curran becomes involved in a torrid and intense relationship with the prime suspect , Catherine Tramell ( Stone ) , an enigmatic writer . Even before its release , Basic Instinct generated heated controversy due to its overt sexuality and graphic depiction of violence . It was strongly opposed by gay rights activists , who criticized the film 's depiction of homosexual relationships and the portrayal of a bisexual woman as a murderous narcissistic psychopath . In a 2006 interview , Stone alleged that the infamous leg-crossing scene in which her vulva was exposed was filmed without her knowledge . Despite initial critical negativity and public protest , Basic Instinct became one of the most financially successful films of the 1990s , grossing $ 352 million worldwide . Several versions of the film have been released on videocassette , DVD , and Blu-ray including a director 's cut with extended footage previously unseen in North American cinemas . The film has contemporarily been recognized for its groundbreaking depictions of sexuality in mainstream Hollywood cinema , and has been referred to by scholars as `` a neo-noir masterpiece that plays with , and transgresses , the narrative rules of film noir . '' A 2006 sequel , Basic Instinct 2 starring Stone was made without Verhoeven 's involvement , but received negative reviews from critics and was unsuccessful at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c565b9efc221fcf7f2ae9d28f01f63ec", "text": "Jennifer Welles Jennifer Welles ( born March 15 , 1937 ) is an American former pornographic actress in films of the 1970s , although she began her acting career in the late 1960s in the softcore sexploitation genre films produced in New York . Some of these include : Sex by Advertisement ( 1967 ) , Career Bed , Submission , and This Sporting House , by pornographic film director Henri Pachard ( all from 1969 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96", "text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "065c28427f2915c8cf4444ea68b50ba5", "text": "Kate More Kate More ( born July 13 , 1978 ) is a pornographic film actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c240925fb5282b073aeb4734d174905", "text": "Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) . She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43dd63daff657593566f6fe27728cb5c", "text": "Eaux d'Artifice Eaux d'artifice ( 1953 ) is a short experimental film by Kenneth Anger . The film was shot in the Villa d'Este in Tivoli , Italy . The film consists entirely of a woman dressed in eighteenth-century clothes who wanders amidst the garden fountains of the Villa d'Este ( `` a Hide and Seek in a night-time labyrinth '' ) to the sounds of Vivaldi 's `` Four Seasons '' , until she steps into a fountain and momentarily disappears . The actress , Carmilla Salvatorelli ( not `` Carmello '' ) , was `` a little midget '' Anger had met through Federico Fellini . Anger used a short actress to suggest a different sense of scale , whereby the monuments seemed bigger ( a technique he said was inspired by etchings of the gardens in the Villa d'Este by Giovanni Battista Piranesi ) . The title , a play on words , is meant to suggest Feux d'artifice ( Fireworks ) , in obvious reference to Anger 's earlier 1947 work . Film critic Scott MacDonald has suggested that Fireworks was a film about the repression of ( the filmmaker 's ) gay sexuality in the United States , whereas Eaux d'Artifice `` suggests an explosion of pleasure and freedom . '' In 1993 , this short film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48e127546f80e9a2ac0541d80222457f", "text": "The Other Half (2016 film) The Other Half is a 2016 Canadian romantic drama film , written and directed by Joey Klein . It stars Tatiana Maslany , Tom Cullen , Henry Czerny , and Suzanne Clément . The film had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 12 , 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b5000e8b46f349091518571db5fc6704", "text": "Courtney Love Courtney Michelle Love ( born Courtney Michelle Harrison ; born July 9 , 1964 ) is an American singer , actress , writer , and visual artist . Prolific in the punk and grunge scenes of the 1990s , Love has enjoyed a career that spans four decades . She rose to prominence as the frontwoman of the alternative rock band Hole , which she formed in 1989 . Love has drawn public attention for her uninhibited live performances and confrontational lyrics , as well as her highly publicized personal life following her marriage to Kurt Cobain . The daughter of Hank Harrison and psychotherapist Linda Carroll , Love had an itinerant early life . She spent her formative years in San Francisco and Portland , Oregon , where she was in a series of short-lived bands before being cast in two films by British director Alex Cox . After forming Hole in 1989 , she received substantial attention from underground rock press for the group 's debut album , produced by Kim Gordon . Hole 's second release , Live Through This ( 1994 ) , gave her high-profile renown with critical accolades and multi-platinum sales . In 1995 , Love returned to acting , earning a Golden Globe Award nomination for her performance as Althea Leasure in Miloš Forman 's The People vs. Larry Flynt ( 1996 ) , which established her as a mainstream actress . The following year , she saw further mainstream success with the release of Hole 's third album , Celebrity Skin ( 1998 ) , which was nominated for multiple Grammy Awards . Love continued to work as an actress into the early 2000s , appearing in big-budget pictures such as Man on the Moon ( 1999 ) and Trapped ( 2002 ) , before releasing her first solo album , America 's Sweetheart , in 2004 . The next few years were marked by publicity surrounding Love 's legal troubles and drug addiction , which resulted in a mandatory lockdown rehabilitation sentence in 2005 while she was in the process of writing a second planned solo album . That project became Nobody 's Daughter , which was released in 2010 as a Hole album but without any other members of the original lineup . Between 2014 and 2015 , she released two solo singles and returned to acting in the network series Sons of Anarchy and Empire . Love has also had endeavors in writing , co-creating and co-authoring three volumes of a manga , Princess Ai , between 2004 and 2006 , as well as a memoir , Dirty Blonde : The Diaries of Courtney Love ( 2006 ) . In 2012 , she premiered an exhibit of mixed media visual art titled And She 's Not Even Pretty .", "title": "" } ]
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Grey's Anatomy takes place in Seattle.
[ { "docid": "d9f4775a2773c1c0b23c1f7d6cbb4f13", "text": "Grey's Anatomy Grey 's Anatomy is an American medical drama television series that premiered on American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) as a mid-season replacement on March 27 , 2005 . The series focuses on the fictional lives of surgical interns , residents and attending physicians , as they evolve into seasoned doctors while trying to maintain personal lives and relationships . The title is a play on Gray 's Anatomy , a human anatomy textbook by Henry Gray . The show 's premise originated with Shonda Rhimes , who serves as an executive producer , along with Betsy Beers , Mark Gordon , Krista Vernoff , Rob Corn , Mark Wilding , and Allan Heinberg . Although it is set in Seattle at the fictional Grey-Sloan Memorial Hospital ( formerly Seattle Grace ) it is primarily filmed in Los Angeles , California . The show was originally titled Complications , a reference to the complicated medical procedures and personal lives of the characters . The series was created to be racially diverse , utilizing a color-blind casting technique . It revolves around the title character , Dr. Meredith Grey , played by Ellen Pompeo . The original cast consisted of nine star-billed actors : Pompeo , Sandra Oh , Katherine Heigl , Justin Chambers , T. R. Knight , Chandra Wilson , James Pickens Jr. , Isaiah Washington and Patrick Dempsey . The cast has undergone major changes through the show 's run , with many members leaving and being replaced by others . In its twelfth season , the show had a large ensemble of sixteen actors , including four from the original cast . On February 10 , 2017 , ABC renewed Grey 's Anatomy for a fourteenth season , which will premiere in the fall of 2017 . Grey 's Anatomy , even in its thirteenth season , is ABC 's highest-rated drama ; although its ratings have fallen over the course of its run ( it was once among the overall top 10 shows in the United States ) , it is still one of the highest rated shows among the 18 -- 49 demographic , and the No. 3 drama on all of broadcast television . Grey 's Anatomy has been well received by critics throughout much of its run , and has been included in various critics 's year-end top ten lists . Since its inception , the show has been described by the media outlets as a television `` phenomenon '' or a `` juggernaut , '' owing to its longevity and dominant ratings . It is considered to have had a significant impact on popular culture and has received numerous awards , including the 2007 Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Drama . It has received multiple Emmy nominations , including two for Outstanding Drama Series . In 2012 , Grey 's Anatomy was named the fifth-highest revenue earning show , in terms of advertising per half-hour . It is the longest running scripted primetime show currently airing on ABC , and the second-longest scripted primetime ABC show ever .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "2c539f29a95a48f29315a99331a07753", "text": "Beacon Hill, Seattle Beacon Hill is a hill and neighborhood in southeast Seattle , Washington . The municipal government subdivides it into North Beacon Hill , Mid-Beacon Hill , Holly Park , and South Beacon Hill , though most people who live there simply call it `` Beacon Hill . '' Former home to the world headquarters of Amazon.com and present home to the Seattle Division of the Department of Veterans Affairs ' Puget Sound Health Care System , the hill offers views of downtown , the Industrial District , Elliott Bay , First Hill , Rainier Valley , and , when the weather is good , Mount Rainier and the Olympic Mountains . It is roughly bounded on the west by Interstate 5 , on the north by Interstate 90 , on the east by Rainier Avenue South , Cheasty Boulevard South , and Martin Luther King Junior Way South , and on the south by the Seattle city boundary . It is part of Seattle 's South End . Homes on the northern part of the hill were mostly built in the early 1900s ; thus , North Beacon Hill contains many excellent examples of Craftsman bungalows and Seattle box houses , a local variant of the Foursquare style . The American Planning Association ( APA ) , an organization of `` planners , citizens and elected officials - committed to making great communities happen '' , named Beacon Hill as one of the 30 Great Places in America . The features of Beacon Hill that constitute an APA Great Place include urban design and aesthetics , multi-modal transportation , a variety of uses within the neighborhood , sustainability , community participation and involvement , and memorable character . Beacon Hill was also recognized for having the largest Olmsted-planned green space in Seattle , known as Jefferson Park . The neighborhood is highly treasured by its businesses and residents , and the neighborhood is highly involved in local planning affairs such as open space , public safety , and transportation . The Beacon Hill neighborhood prides itself on many fine foods and restaurants , a highly rated hair salon , the best live music venue , and a place for kids activities , all voted for as some of the `` Best of 2012 '' by Seattle Magazine ( online version not currently available ) . The City of Seattle , in partnership with Beacon BIKES , created the Beacon Hill Family Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation Plan , a ten-year plan to increase pedestrian bicycle networks serving highly used greenways , intersections , and cycle tracts within the neighborhood as a measure to increase safety for all users . The plan was awarded the 2012 VISION 2040 Award from the Puget Sound Regional Council . Beacon Hill is home to the `` Beacon Rocks ! '' performance series , beginning its 5th season in 2014 on the last Sunday of June , July and August . This event featuring a variety of types of performances is held on the Roberto Maestas Festival Street and produced by Beacon Hill 's neighborhood community arts group `` ROCKiT Community Arts '' . Beacon Hill has recently become known for their Food Forest , a new project that has created neighborhood urban farming west of Jefferson Park . The Beacon Food Forest has gained national attention in the news , receiving recognition from the Associated Press , CBS , Gawker , and HLN , to name a few . A 2012 article in Seattle Weekly stated that Beacon Hill was soon to `` boast the biggest public food forest in the country '' with seven lush acres containing a community park and an edible landscape , including such plantings as walnuts , chestnuts , berry shrubs and vegetables . The idea started with a community-led group that secured $ 22,000 in Neighborhood Matching Funds from the Department of Neighborhoods .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72a6d5f2419dfaa9cafb5d479116b8fd", "text": "St. Paul's Hospital (Saskatoon) St. Paul 's Hospital is a public hospital at 20th Street and Avenue P in the Pleasant Hill neighborhood of Saskatoon , Saskatchewan . St. Paul 's works with the Saskatoon Health Region in an interdependent partnership . The hospital is owned by the Saskatchewan Catholic Health Corporation and was founded by the Grey Nuns . St. Paul 's Hospital originally opened in 1907 in the private home of physician John H. C. Willoughby due to an outbreak of typhoid while the Canadian Pacific Railway was building a bridge in Saskatoon with the assistance of the Grey Nuns . The current hospital opened in 1913 . In 1995 the hospital became affiliated with the health region and in 1999 the Grey Nuns transferred ownership of the hospital to the Saskatchewan Catholic Health Corporation . It is home to the Saskatchewan Transplant Program .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1075910721298b80016220934c4a600", "text": "Sloane Hospital for Women The Sloane Hospital for Women is the obstetrics and gynecology service within New York-Presbyterian Hospital and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York City . Sloane Maternity Hospital was founded in 1886 based upon a donation from William D. Sloane and his wife , Emily Thorn Vanderbilt , the granddaughter of Cornelius Vanderbilt , to Columbia P&S . It was located on the P&S campus in Midtown Manhattan at Amsterdam Avenue and 59th Street , serving as a teaching facility for P&S students , and opened its doors in early 1888 . It soon established a reputation for superior sanitary practices and low mortality rates ; it also linked obstetrics with gynecology , the first hospital in the country to do so . The facility changed its name to Sloane Hospital for Women in 1910 . In 1911 , a new surgical building was added , also funded by the Sloanes . In 1925 , it became part of Presbyterian Hospital , which was operating in affiliation with P&S . During 1928 , it moved with the Hospital to its present location on 168th Street in the Washington Heights area of northern Manhattan . There it maintained its name while occupying several floors of the Presbyterian Hospital building . The Hospital is now part of NewYork-Presbyterian / Morgan Stanley Children 's Hospital still in use today . In its role as both a research and clinical facility , the Sloane Hospital for Women has pioneered many advances in the field , including the Apgar score , the use of rhogam , and amniocentesis . In February 1915 , an outbreak of typhoid occurred among twenty-five nurses and attendants in the hospital , two of whom later died . The outbreak was later traced to Typhoid Mary , who had violated an agreement she had made with the city not to return to the cooking profession . -LSB- CITATION NEEDED -RSB- Notable people born at Sloane include National Geographic photographer Gordon Gahan and former First Lady of the United States Nancy Reagan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a66a015cd9f45031737c93b4e76560a5", "text": "Washington's 43rd legislative district Washington 's 43rd Legislative District is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature . It covers parts of Seattle , specifically Downtown , First Hill , Capitol Hill , South Lake Union , Washington Park , Madison Park , Eastlake , Montlake , Portage Bay , Wallingford , Fremont , the University District ( including the UW campus ) , Green Lake and parts of Phinney Ridge and Ravenna . The district 's legislators are state senator Jamie Pedersen and state representatives Nicole Macri and House Speaker Frank Chopp , all Democrats . The House of Representatives Position 1 seat has the distinction of being held by an openly gay person longer than any other seat in the world starting with Cal Anderson 's appointment in 1987 and continuing through with Ed Murray , Jamie Pedersen , Brady Piñero Walkinshaw , and currently Nicole Macri .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6ed32818c3272caf8b6b240baa8e8486", "text": "Seattle process The Seattle process or Seattle way is a term stemming from the political procedure in Seattle and King County , and to a lesser extent other cities and the Washington state government . The term has no strict definition but refers to the pervasively slow process of dialogue , deliberation , participation , and municipal introspection before making any decision and the time it takes to enact any policy . An early definition came from a 1983 editorial in the Seattle Weekly , `` the usual Seattle process of seeking consensus through exhaustion . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cba7b20f4b31889a3ba7644643c444c7", "text": "George Lotrell Timanus George Lotrell Timanus ( January 31 , 1892 -- June 1981 ) was a physician who performed illegal abortions in the Baltimore/Washington , D.C. area from 1920 to 1951 . Timanus and one other abortion provider performed an estimated 90 % criminal abortions in Baltimore . In 1950 , Timanus used his criminal trial to challenge the abortion laws in the United States , as Aleck Bourne had done in the UK . However , his trial and that of another doctor , Edgar Keemer , were not understood as challenges by the public , and Timanus and Keemer did not recruit other doctors or patients to their cause in a way that might have built a movement or sparked national conversation . He was fined $ 5,000 , sentenced to six months in jail , and barred from further practice of medicine . Timanus participated in the Planned Parenthood Conference on Abortion in America in 1955 . He gave a detailed breakdown of his patients , of whom he kept meticulous records , noting that of 5,200 women on whom he had performed abortions , only two had died . As Garrett Hardin noted , this 0.04 % rate , in the days before antibiotics , was not only far lower than the mortality rate for women carrying to term at the time , but still only half the maternal mortality rate a generation later . At the conference , Timanus also lamented that of the 353 doctors who referred patients to him -- some of them , Timanus claimed , with letters recommending abortion -- none stood up to testify for him when he was arrested . Timanus asked referring doctors to make a written statement that the abortion was necessary because her life would otherwise be jeopardized . The breakdown of Timanus ' patients was as follows : Age 12 - 15 : 17 Age 16 - 20 : 688 Age 21 - 25 : 1,834 Age 26 - 30 : 1,268 Age 31 - 40 : 1,312 Age 41 + : 91 Single : 1,830 Married : 2,773 Widowed/Divorced/Separated : 607 Physicians : 7 Wives of physicians : 58 Nurses : 270 Mary Calderone , then Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America , noted that Timanus `` certainly seemed to be very competent and professional . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d347e2e63a6d6b1fc12262ac0b96a26d", "text": "Madigan Army Medical Center Madigan Army Medical Center , located on Joint Base Lewis-McChord just outside Lakewood , Washington , is a key component of the Madigan Healthcare System and one of the largest military hospitals on the West Coast of the United States . The hospital was named in honor of Colonel Patrick S. Madigan , an assistant to the U.S. Army Surgeon General from 1940 to 1943 who was also known as `` The Father of Army Neuropsychiatry . '' On September 22 , 1944 , Madigan General Hospital was named in his honor . The hospital today is a 205-bed Joint Commission-accredited facility , expandable to 318 beds in the event of a disaster . Major services include general medical and surgical care , adult and pediatric primary care clinics , 24-hour Emergency department , specialty clinics , clinical services , wellness and prevention services , veterinary care , and environmental health services . Madigan Army Medical Center received designation as a level 2 trauma center by the Washington State Department of Health in 1995 , and has maintained level 2 status to the present day . Madigan Army Medical Center is one of three designated trauma centers in United States Army Medical Department ( AMEDD ) . In 1999 , Madigan became the second military hospital to ever receive a perfect score of `` 100 '' from Joint Commission . Construction of the current facility was completed in the early 1990s . Prior to the opening of the building , the hospital consisted of a network of connected single-story buildings that are still utilized by the Madigan Healthcare System .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f1e98798921a30f95cd93a4a48d8d2b3", "text": "Aberdeen, Washington Aberdeen -LSB- ˈæbərdiːn -RSB- is a city in Grays Harbor County , Washington , United States . The population was 16,896 at the 2010 census . The city is the economic center of Grays Harbor County , bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis . Aberdeen is called the `` Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "66318c39836b6c7e3e014f16d8986311", "text": "Chief Seattle Chief Seattle ( c. 1786 -- June 7 , 1866 ) was a Suquamish Tribe ( Suquamish ) and Dkhw ` Duw ` Absh ( Duwamish ) chief . A prominent figure among his people , he pursued a path of accommodation to white settlers , forming a personal relationship with `` Doc '' Maynard . The city of Seattle , in the U.S. state of Washington , was named after him . A widely publicized speech arguing in favor of ecological responsibility and respect of Native Americans ' land rights had been attributed to him . However , what he actually said has been lost through translation and rewriting . The name Seattle is an anglicization of the modern Duwamish conventional spelling Si'ahl , equivalent to the modern Lushootseed spelling siʔaɫ -LSB- ˈsiʔaːɬ -RSB- . He is also known as Sealth , Seathle , Seathl , or See-ahth .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ec3423fd6827b59e1b24dcb6159de37f", "text": "Glendale Adventist Medical Center Glendale Adventist Medical Center ( GAMC ) is a non-profit organization located in the Los Angeles suburb of Glendale , California , USA . GAMC is one of the city 's oldest businesses , founded in 1905 , a year before Glendale was incorporated as a city . It was then known as Glendale Sanitarium , and it occupied the former Glendale Hotel , a 75-room Victorian structure on what is now Broadway Avenue . It was owned and operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church , as part of its mission of community caring that helped form its reputation as a `` health resort '' of choice . It is now a part of Adventist Health with the same mission . Today , Glendale Adventist Medical Center has eight centers of excellence : Advanced Surgical Program , Cancer Services , Heart and Vascular Institute , Neuroscience Institute , Orthopedic Services , Rehabilitative Services , Spine Institute and Women 's Services . In 2011 , GAMC had been voted Glendale 's Best Hospital for several years running . It also has a reputation as a Certified Advanced Primary Stroke Center , One of the Best Places to Work in Los Angeles and San Fernando Valleys , Gold Performance Plus Achievement Award from the American Stroke Association , and Three-Year Certificate of Approval with Commendations from the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer . It offers more than 80 support groups and ongoing health education classes . In 2009 , GAMC started HEALTHline , a weekly television show helping people to understand their health and health options . HEALTHline can also be viewed online . GAMC is heavily involved with the community and supports and participates in many annual events such as Glendale Downtown Dash held on daylight savings day every March , the American Cancer Society 's Relay for Life , and the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association 's Saving Strokes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d74078a0c944114f085071466efe3863", "text": "Segregation in Seattle While Seattle is probably the furthest place in the continental United States from where the Civil Rights movement is typically associated , typically the Deep South , segregation and racial prejudices effected the northwest just as much as it did other regions in the United States . Before World War II Seattle 's population was predominantly Caucasian . After the war Seattle 's population increased by about 100,000 people , from all over the country , causing many neighborhoods and schools to go up in numbers and diversity ) . As the number of people increased so did the need of new school buildings . While Seattle , in the later years -- the 1960s through 1980s -- made strides to accommodate decisions like the Brown vs. Board of Education things like White flight made it difficult to fully integrate schools because of the de facto segregation happening in the communities . As a result , African-Americans in Seattle were concentrated into one area which was labeled The Central District . It was here that a majority of the black population lived and went to school . In the 1960s , Seattle was home to only nine black schools in The Central District , and almost 100 white schools on outside parts of town . On March 31 and April 1 , 1966 thousands of Seattle Public School students boycotted the Central District in search for equality in the school systems . Many believed that the problems in the schools stemmed from almost 10,000 students being pushed into a limited amount of space . These locations were often underfunded and understaffed which resulted in poor test schools and low graduation rates . The number of protesters soon grew , including thousands of white students , and three public school teachers . The outpouring support for the issue forced the Seattle School Board to grant the public with a real solution to the problem . Today , Seattle recognizes this protest as the Seattle Public Schools Boycott of 1966 Segregation was also found in the Seattle neighborhood hospitals that refused treatment to African Americans . For example , if a black patient wanted treatment at Providence Hospital they would need to pay for a private room . Swedish Medical Center used the statement : `` will not receive Negroes at this time . '' While Virginia Mason Nursing school wrote : `` In regards to our policy , we do not accept Negroes , Japanese , etc. . '' While de jure segregation enforced by law is no longer practiced , Seattle remains a highly racially segregated city . This is both from the aftermath of legalized segregation and the result of a continued practice of de facto segregation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0da6d5cf44437615564c3c2c52924257", "text": "Miami Medical Miami Medical ( formerly titled Miami Trauma ) is a medical drama television series that aired on CBS from April 2 to July 2 , 2010 . It follows the professional and private lives of a team of trauma surgeons . The series was created by Jeffrey Lieber and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer Television and Warner Bros. . Television . On May 18 , 2010 , CBS cancelled the series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "798323e601502f3534ba08fcbde29c58", "text": "Seattle City Hall Seattle City Hall ( also known as the Seattle Municipal Building ) is located in downtown Seattle , Washington , between 4th Avenue and 5th Avenue . The building houses the offices of the Seattle City Council and the Mayor of Seattle . Most city departments are located in the nearby Seattle Municipal Tower . In 2003 , the Seattle city government moved into a new , `` green '' city hall building . Until 1962 , the city government operated from the King County Courthouse , alongside the King County government . The new City Hall and Plaza , together with the adjacent Seattle Municipal Tower , Seattle Justice Center , and ( unbuilt ) Civic Square , comprise the Seattle Civic Center .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "14963e8266c5e33c0916fe5d0ff20e6a", "text": "Elliott Bay Elliott Bay is a part of the Central Basin region of Puget Sound in the U.S. state of Washington that extends southeastward between West Point in the north and Alki Point in the south . Seattle was founded on this body of water in the 1850s and has since grown to encompass it completely . The waterway it provides to the Pacific Ocean has served as a key element of the city 's economy , enabling the Port of Seattle to become one of the busiest ports in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1b2d7af66ced8d2dbe390a95a1573002", "text": "District of Columbia General Hospital The District of Columbia General Hospital , previously the Gallinger Municipal Hospital , was a hospital located in Washington , D.C. . It was operational from 1806 to its controversial closing by mayor Anthony A. Williams in 2001 , as the city was trying to cut costs while recovering from bankruptcy . At the time of its closure , it was the only public hospital located within the District . Originally located in Judiciary Square it moved to 19th and Massachusetts , SE in 1846 . At the turn of the century , efforts to open a new public hospital at 14th and Upshur were opposed by residents . As of 2012 , DC General Hospital is a family homeless shelter with more than 500 families living in the facility . In 2014 , 8-year old Relisha Rudd went missing after her family was staying in the facility . In the days before her disappearance she was seen with a janitor from the facility who killed himself and his wife .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00ec7ff1dbc6a4205840b3d696fac0b9", "text": "Chinatown-International District, Seattle The Chinatown-International District of Seattle , Washington ( also known as the CID ) is the center of Seattle 's Asian American community . Within the Chinatown International District are the three neighborhoods known as Seattle 's Chinatown , Japantown , and Little Saigon , named for the concentration of businesses owned by people of Chinese , Japanese , and Vietnamese descent , respectively . The geographic area also once included Seattle 's Manilatown . The name Chinatown-International District was established by City Ordinance 119297 in 1999 as a result of the three neighborhoods ' work and consensus on the Seattle Chinatown International District Urban Village Strategic Plan submitted to the City Council in December 1998 . Like many other areas of Seattle , the neighborhood is multiethnic , but the majority of its residents are of Chinese ethnicity . It is one of eight historic neighborhoods recognized by the City of Seattle . CID has a mix of residences and businesses and is a tourist attraction for its ethnic Asian businesses and landmarks .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6", "text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0a2181adb18d56a3e5fad069418880d7", "text": "List of Seattle Seahawks seasons This article is a compilation of the list of seasons completed by the Seattle Seahawks American football franchise of the National Football League ( NFL ) . The list documents the season-by-season records of the Seahawks ' franchise from 1976 to present , including postseason records , and league awards for individual players or head coaches . As of the end of the 2015 NFL season , the Seahawks have 20 winning seasons , 7 losing seasons , and 4 seasons where they finished 8 -- 8 . With a 35 -- 6 Week 14 win over the Baltimore Ravens on December 13 during the 2015 season , not only did the Seahawks improved to 8 -- 5 at that point in the season , but the Seahawks ' all -- time franchise regular season win -- loss record improved to 313 -- 312 -- 0 ; this marked the first time ever in team history that the Seahawks have had an overall winning regular season win -- loss record ( a win -- loss record above .500 ) . The Seahawks are the one of four North American men 's professional sports teams that have played in Seattle with an all -- time winning record , after the Seattle Metropolitans ( the first American team to win the Stanley Cup in 1917 , folded in 1924 ) , the Seattle SuperSonics ( who moved to Oklahoma City and became the Thunder in the summer of 2008 ) , and the Seattle Sounders FC ( established in 2007 as an expansion franchise , currently active ) . Therefore , the Seahawks are currently one of two active North American men 's professional sports team located in Seattle with an overall winning record . On October 23 , 2016 , the Seahawks played the Arizona Cardinals at University of Phoenix Stadium and the game ended in a 6 -- 6 tie after OT , which was the first time this ever happened in franchise history . For complete team history , see History of the Seattle Seahawks", "title": "" }, { "docid": "95c51b6b075a46cfe621178296a623a9", "text": "Bebb and Gould The architectural partnership of Bebb and Gould was active in Seattle from 1914 to 1939 . Partners Carl Freylinghausen Gould and Charles Herbert Bebb were jointly responsible for many buildings on the University of Washington 's Seattle campus , as well as the Seattle Times Square Building ( 1914 ) , Everett Public Library , U.S. Marine Hospital ( 1930 -- 32 , now known as Pacific Medical Center ) , and the Seattle Art Museum building in Volunteer Park ( 1931 -- 33 , now known as the Seattle Asian Art Museum ) . Several of their buildings are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places . Works ( with attribution ) include : Larrabee House , 405 Fieldstone Rd. . Bellingham , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed Olympic Hotel , 1200 -- 1220 4th Ave. Seattle , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed Pacific Telephone and Telegraph Building , 1304 Vandercook Way Longview , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed Times Building , 414 Olive Way Seattle , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed U.S. Marine Hospital , 1131 14th Ave. , S. Seattle , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed Volunteer Park , Between E. Prospect and E. Galer Sts. , and Federal and E. 15th Aves . Seattle , WA ( Bebb & Gould ) , NRHP-listed One or more works in Centralia Downtown Historic District , Roughly bounded by Center St. , Burlington Northern right-of-way , Walnut st. , and Pearl St. Centralia , WA ( Bebb and Gould ) , NRHP-listed", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c30b2429c6b796ce795e175db59b9da", "text": "Warren G. Magnuson Health Sciences Building The Warren G. Magnuson Health Sciences Building is part of the University of Washington in Seattle , Washington and the world 's largest single university building with a total floor area of 533000 m2 . Although the building is made up of over 20 wings built over more than 50 years , the interior hallways are fully connected . The Magnuson Health Sciences Building is also referred to as the Health Sciences Center or Health Sciences Complex , but should not be confused with the Warren G. Magnuson Clinical Center at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda , Maryland which is also named for United States Senator Warren Magnuson .", "title": "" } ]
fever
bfff2885bfff2eeb884960942371c534
Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist movement.
[ { "docid": "ad8af0b9d4b83369c968b0fd881ad066", "text": "Massachusetts Massachusetts -LSB- mæsəˈtʃuːsᵻts -RSB- or -LSB- ˌmæsəˈtʃuːzᵻts -RSB- ; officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts , is the most populous state in the New England region of the northeastern United States . It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the east , the states of Connecticut and Rhode Island to the south , New Hampshire and Vermont to the north , and New York to the west . The state is named for the Massachusett tribe , which once inhabited the area . The capital of Massachusetts and the most populous city in New England is Boston . Over 80 % of Massachusetts ' population lives in the Greater Boston metropolitan area , a region influential upon American history , academia , and industry . Originally dependent on agriculture , fishing and trade , Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution . During the 20th century , Massachusetts ' economy shifted from manufacturing to services . Modern Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology , engineering , higher education , finance , and maritime trade . Plymouth was the site of the first colony in New England , founded in 1620 by the Pilgrims , passengers of the Mayflower . In 1692 , the town of Salem and surrounding areas experienced one of America 's most infamous cases of mass hysteria , the Salem witch trials . In 1777 , General Henry Knox founded the Springfield Armory , which during the Industrial Revolution catalyzed numerous important technological advances , including interchangeable parts . In 1786 , Shays ' Rebellion , a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans , influenced the United States Constitutional Convention . In the 18th century , the Protestant First Great Awakening , which swept the Atlantic World , originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards . In the late 18th century , Boston became known as the `` Cradle of Liberty '' for the agitation there that led to the American Revolution . The entire Commonwealth of Massachusetts has played a powerful commercial and cultural role in the history of the United States . Before the American Civil War , Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist , temperance , and transcendentalist movements . In the late 19th century , the sports of basketball and volleyball were invented in the western Massachusetts cities of Springfield and Holyoke , respectively . In 2004 , Massachusetts became the first U.S. state to legally recognize same-sex marriage as a result of the decision in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health by the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court . Many prominent American political dynasties have hailed from the state , including the Adams and Kennedy families . Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States , with the largest financial endowment of any university , and Harvard Law School has educated a contemporaneous majority of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States . Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called `` the most innovative square mile on the planet '' , in reference to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and quality of innovation which have emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010 . Both Harvard University and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology , also in Cambridge , have been ranked among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world . Massachusetts ' public school students place among the top nations in the world in academic performance .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "8d4dd3102fd5f9365736ea3a89f16e27", "text": "Conscience Whigs The `` Conscience '' Whigs were a faction of the Whig Party in the state of Massachusetts noted for their moral opposition to slavery . They were noted as opponents of the more conservative `` Cotton '' Whigs who dominated the state party , led by such figures as Edward Everett , Robert C. Winthrop , and Abbott Lawrence , whose close association with the New England textile industry led them to de-emphasize the slavery issue . Leaders of the `` Conscience Whigs '' included Charles Sumner , Henry Wilson , and Charles Francis Adams . The group split from the Whig party in 1848 , when the national party nominated the slave-owning General Zachary Taylor for President , and played a role in the creation of the new Free Soil Party , which nominated Adams for Vice President on a ticket with anti-slavery former Democratic President Martin Van Buren . Following the failure of the Free Soil Party in the election that year , most Conscience Whigs would return to the Whig fold . More followed after the Compromise of 1850 temporarily neutralized the issue of slavery . During the mid 1850s , several Conscience leaders played an important role later in the foundation of the Republican Party . The term `` Conscience Whig '' is sometimes used more broadly to refer to Whigs in other states noted for their opposition to slavery .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "86ce326c6d1a9c8594530690a511b213", "text": "MassINC The Massachusetts Institute for a New Commonwealth , or `` MassINC , '' is registered as a non-profit 501 ( c ) organization that functions as a nonpartisan , evidence-based think tank . Its mission is to develop a public agenda for Massachusetts that promotes the growth and vitality of the middle class . Its governing philosophy is rooted in the ideals embodied in the American Dream : equality of opportunity , personal responsibility , and a strong commonwealth . Their mission is to promote a public agenda for the middle class and to help all citizens achieve the American dream .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e0b05e86e910b0890ecb56cd931cf1e", "text": "Massachusetts General Court The Massachusetts General Court ( formally styled the General Court of Massachusetts ) is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts . The name `` General Court '' is a hold-over from the earliest days of the Massachusetts Bay Colony , when the colonial assembly , in addition to making laws , sat as a judicial court of appeals . Before the adoption of the state constitution in 1780 , it was called the Great and General Court , but the official title was shortened by John Adams , author of the state constitution . It is a bicameral body . The upper house is the Massachusetts Senate which is composed of 40 members . The lower body , the Massachusetts House of Representatives , has 160 members . ( Until 1978 , it had 240 members ) It meets in the Massachusetts State House on Beacon Hill in Boston . The current President of the Senate is Stan Rosenberg , and the Speaker of the House is Robert DeLeo . Democrats hold super-majorities in both chambers . State Senators and Representatives both serve two-year terms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5e170197f97e976b43bfe69ff13c8337", "text": "Merrimack Valley The Merrimack Valley is a bi-state region along the Merrimack River in the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Massachusetts , United States . The Merrimack is one of the larger waterways in the New England region and has helped define the livelihood and culture of those living along it since native times . Major cities in the Merrimack Valley include Concord , Manchester and Nashua in New Hampshire , as well as Lowell , Lawrence and Haverhill in Massachusetts . The Merrimack Valley was a major center of the textile industry in America during the 19th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6916f2698a842c63ced856dba8438171", "text": "Trustee Georgia Trustee Georgia is the name of the period covering the first twenty years of Georgia history , from 1732 -- 1752 , because during that time the English Province of Georgia was governed by a Board of Trustees . England 's King George II , for whom the colony was named , signed a charter establishing the colony and creating its governing board on July 7 , 1732 . His action culminated a lengthy process . The charter was granted to the Trustees for the Establishment of the Colony of Georgia in America , a group formed by James Oglethorpe . Oglethorpe envisioned the province as a location for the resettlement of English debtors and `` the worthy poor '' , although few debtors were part of the organized settlement of Georgia . Another motivation for the founding of the colony was to create a `` buffer state '' ( border ) , or `` garrison province '' that would defend the southern part of the British colonies from Spanish Florida and French Mississippi . Oglethorpe envisioned a province populated largely by yeoman farmers who would secure the southern frontier of British America ; because of this , as well as on moral grounds , the colony 's regulations prohibited slavery . Oglethorpe 's plan for settlement ( now known as the Oglethorpe Plan ) was founded on eighteenth-century country party philosophy and drew from principles of Roman colonial town design .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e507649116a958c1e5b42f75d4258d8", "text": "North Canal Historic District The North Canal Historic District of Lawrence , Massachusetts , encompasses the historic industrial heart of the city . It is centered on the North Canal and the Great Stone Dam , which provided the waterpower for its many mill complexes . The canal was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975 , while the district was first listed in 1984 , and then expanded slightly in 2009 . The city of Lawrence was founded by industrialist Abbott Lawrence and the associates of the Essex Company as a model industrial city . In 1845 they company acquired land from then towns of Methuen and Andover and began construction on the North Canal and the Great Stone Dam . The work included dredging and building out of `` new land '' , and effectively created a small island between the Merrimack River and the canal , whose outlet is at the mouth of the Spicket River . Work on these two major features was completed in 1848 , and development of the city , which formally incorporated in 1853 , proceeded from there . The historic district encompasses , in addition to the canal and the dam , the mill-related buildings on the island and on the north side of the canal , as well as a few buildings that front on Methuen and Union Streets , or the connecting side streets . The 2009 expansion of the district , included a single building , the Morehouse Bakery building at 5-9 Mill Street .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dd3b069c868ee42d127491f659b5fec1", "text": "Northborough, Massachusetts Northborough is a town in Worcester County , Massachusetts , United States . The official spelling of the town 's name is `` Northborough '' , but the phonetic alternative spelling `` Northboro '' is also used . The population was 14,155 at the 2010 census .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "87e9bbafb5dd118f9e7b93e9097d992d", "text": "Massachusetts Historical Commission The Massachusetts Historical Commission ( MHC ) is a review board for state and federal preservation programs for the United States state of Massachusetts . It consists of 17-member panel of appointed representatives from state and private agencies and is concerned with overview of Massachusetts historic and architectural preservation efforts . The MHC was created by the Massachusetts General Court , the state 's legislature , in 1963 . It is an independent division overseen by the office of the Massachusetts Secretary of the Commonwealth , who serves as the chairperson of the commission . The MHC contains technical services , grants and preservation planning divisions and is the home agency of the State Historic Preservation Officer , as well as the office of the State Archaeologist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f7d287c944c911411a1d81c1cad2e2ec", "text": "Monument Square Historic District (Leominster, Massachusetts) The Monument Square Historic District is a historic district on Main and Water Streets , and Grove Avenue in Leominster , Massachusetts . The district includes Leominster 's traditional town common or square , which is known as `` Leomister Square '' or `` the Common . '' Leominster 's common is the site of several monuments , including : a monument marking the site of the town 's second meeting house from 1775-1824 ( which was replaced by the first town house ) , a Native American mortar ( moved to the site in 1880 ) , several veterans ' memorials , and a firefighters ' memorial . The Leominster Historical Society headquarters is adjacent to the square . In 1743 the common was chosen as the site of the `` First Church '' meeting house in Leominster . At that time , an active church congregation was required for a town to gain a charter from the Massachusetts government . Originally a Congregationalist ( Puritan ) congregation , First Church 's members later adopted a Unitarian theology in the early 19th century , causing the traditional Reformed ( Calvinist ) members to leave the building and found what is now Pilgrim Congregational Church , also located on the common . The First Church congregation was funded with state tax revenue until 1835 , when Massachusetts separated its churches from state funding . The historic district also contains many 19th-century buildings , and the area was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 . The city hall and various churches and businesses are adjacent to the square .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "619167d6ae30cbaa6fe6012436980149", "text": "Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson House The Col. Thomas Wentworth Higginson House is a historic house at 29 Buckingham Street in Cambridge , Massachusetts . It is named after author , minister , and abolitionist Thomas Wentworth Higginson , who had it built and lived there for a time . The house was built in 1880 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 . It was the first home that Higginson ever owned . As he wrote to his sister shortly after moving in , `` It is such inexpressible happiness to have at last a permanent home . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab754580da5a9f5859a53c2a6b20a2f0", "text": "Ponkapoag Ponkapoag -LSB- ˈpɒŋkəpɔːɡ -RSB- , also Punkapaug , Punkapoag , or Punkapog , is the name of a Native American `` praying town '' settled in the western Blue Hills area of eastern Massachusetts during the colonization of the Atlantic seaboard of the United States by settlers from Britain in the 17th century . It is the name given to the winter residence ( and subsequently to the tribe ) of the group of Massachusett who lived at the mouth of the Neponset River in summer . Ponkapoag is now contained almost entirely by the town of Canton , Massachusetts . Ponkapoag Plantation was established in 1657 as a 6000 acre town parcel formed from Dorchester , Massachusetts Bay Colony . It was the second Christianized native settlement , or `` Praying Town '' in Massachusetts , after Natick was established in 1651 . In 1654 members of the Nemasket Tribe located in the village of Cohannet in current day Bristol County were among the first Native Americans relocated as part of King Philip 's War to Ponkapoag . The name is derived from a nearby pond 1 mi south of Great Blue Hill ; Ponkapoag means `` shallow pond '' or `` a spring that bubbles from red soil '' . The Massachusett ( punkapoags ) still live within their territory today .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "83c66eae80dd32fa73d5214a0e39baf7", "text": "Crime in Massachusetts", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a2be903ef032e4e3cacefe26f9e5e9e4", "text": "History of slavery in Connecticut", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e688e30dc9a70297e5a809275297661f", "text": "Boston martyrs The Boston martyrs is the name given in Quaker tradition to the three English members of the Society of Friends , Marmaduke Stephenson , William Robinson and Mary Dyer , and to the Friend William Leddra of Barbados , who were condemned to death and executed by public hanging for their religious beliefs under the legislature of the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1659 , 1660 and 1661 . Several other Friends lay under sentence of death at Boston in the same period , but had their punishments commuted to that of being whipped out of the colony from town to town . `` The hanging of Mary Dyer on the Boston gallows in 1660 marked the beginning of the end of the Puritan theocracy and New England independence from English rule . In 1661 King Charles II explicitly forbade Massachusetts from executing anyone for professing Quakerism . In 1684 England revoked the Massachusetts charter , sent over a royal governor to enforce English laws in 1686 , and in 1689 passed a broad Toleration act . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "633392e08a711a8074f1ec3add72b451", "text": "Western Massachusetts Western Massachusetts is a region in Massachusetts , one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States . Western Massachusetts has diverse topography ; 22 universities , with approximately 100,000 university students ; and such institutions as Tanglewood , Springfield Armory , and Jacob 's Pillow . The western part of Western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains , where there are several vacation resorts . The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley , which has a number of university towns , the major city Springfield , and numerous agricultural hamlets . In the eastern part of the area , the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f2e461e47eacde4d44437e32a5d81a97", "text": "Bristol slave trade Bristol is a city in the South West of England , on the River Avon which flows into the Severn Estuary . Because of Bristol 's position on the River Avon , it has been an important location for marine trade for centuries . The city 's involvement with the slave trade peaked between 1730 and 1745 , when it became the leading slaving port . Bristol used its position on the Avon to trade all types of goods . Bristol 's port was the second largest in England after London . Countries that Bristol traded with included France , Spain , Ireland , Portugal , and North Africa 's Barbary Coast . Bristol 's main export was woollen cloth . Other exports included coal , lead , and animal hides . Imports into Bristol included wine , grain , slate , timber , and olive oil . Trading with the various colonies in the Caribbean and North America began to flourish during the Interregnum of Oliver Cromwell ( 1649 -- 1660 ) . The Royal African Company , a London-based trading company , had control over all trade between countries in Britain and Africa before the year 1698 At this time , only ships owned by the Royal African Company could trade for anything , including slaves . Slaves were increasingly an important commodity at the time , since the British colonization in the Caribbean and the Americas in the 17th century . The Society of Merchant Venturers , an organization of elite merchants in Bristol , wanted to commence participation in the African slave trade , and after much pressure from them and other interested parties in and around Britain , the Royal African Company 's control over the slave trade was broken in 1698 . As soon as the monopoly was broken , what is thought to have been the first `` legitimate '' Bristol slave ship , the Beginning , owned by Stephen Barker , purchased a cargo of enslaved Africans and delivered them to the Caribbean . Some average slave prices were # 20 , # 50 , or # 100 . In her will of 1693 , Jane Bridges , Widow of Leigh Upon Mendip bequeathes her interest of # 130 in this very ship to her grandson Thomas Bridges and indicates that the vessel was owned by the City of Bristol . Business boomed ; however , due to the over-crowding and harsh conditions on the ships , it is estimated that approximately half of each cargo of slaves did not survive the trip across the Atlantic . The triangular trade was a route taken by slave merchants during the years 1697 and 1807 . The areas covered by the triangular trade was England , North West Africa and finally The Caribbean . Profits of 50-100 % were made during the 18th century . Over 500,000 slaves were brought into slavery by these ships , representing one-fifth of the British slave trade during this time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0622ca0407a0fc50229f2fd5b6d584b0", "text": "Elizabeth Putnam Sohier Elizabeth Putnam Sohier ( 1847 -- 1926 ) , a member of Boston 's wealthy class , persuaded the Massachusetts Legislature to establish the Free Library Commission in 1890 -- the first of its kind in the United States . As a member of the Free Public Library Commission for thirty six years she worked tirelessly to ensure that every city and town in Massachusetts had a library . She also worked to encourage these libraries , once established , to expand collections and circulation . In 1952 the Commission was renamed the Massachusetts Board of Library Commissioners . Sohier was also active in the Woman 's Education Association of Boston and instrumental in setting up a committee on libraries . The group established traveling libraries , a traveling picture collection , and collections of travel books . The WEA was responsible for encouraging other states to establish traveling libraries in states such as California , Iowa , Kansas , Wisconsin . Throughout her years of service Sohier found opportunities for libraries to be effective . During the 1912 Lawrence Textile Strike when it became apparent that many of the workers were foreign born Sohier worked with the Governor to obtain books for the strikers . During World War I the Commission worked with the American Library Association to provide library services to soldiers in camps . She was a member of the Board of Trustees of the Beverly Public Library for thirty years . Sohier wrote History of the Old South Church of Boston . Elizabeth Putnam Sohier was a member of the Mayflower Society and listed in the Register of the Massachusetts Society of the Colonial Dames of America , 1893-1927 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a49120f6b3497ddc36f3c1c4f173291a", "text": "Massachusetts General Colored Association The Massachusetts General Colored Association was organized in Boston in 1826 to combat slavery and racism . The Association was an early supporter of William Lloyd Garrison . Its influence spread locally and was realized within New England when they joined the New England Anti-Slavery Society in 1833 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1580fad2f4cfb9aab9ac957ba519b5a3", "text": "Slave Power The Slave Power or Slaveocracy was the perceived political power in the U.S. federal government held by slave owners during the 1840s and 1850s , prior to the Civil War . Antislavery campaigners during this period bitterly complained about what they saw as disproportionate and corrupt influence wielded by wealthy Southerners . The argument was that this small group of rich slave owners had seized political control of their own states and were trying to take over the federal government in an illegitimate fashion in order to expand and protect slavery . The argument was widely used by the Republican Party that formed in 1854 -- 55 to oppose the expansion of slavery . The main issue expressed by the term slave power was distrust of the political power of the slave-owning class . Such distrust was shared by many who were not abolitionists ; those who were motivated more by a possible threat to the political balance or the impossibility of competing with unwaged slave labor , than by concern over the treatment of slaves . Those who differed on many other issues ( such as hating blacks or liking them , denouncing slavery as a sin or promising to guarantee its protection in the Deep South ) could unite to attack the slaveocracy . The `` Free Soil '' element emphasized that rich slave owners would move into new territory , use their cash to buy up all the good lands , then use their slaves to work the lands , leaving little opportunity room for free farmers . By 1854 the Free Soil Party had largely merged into the new Republican party . The term was popularized by antislavery writers such as John Gorham Palfrey , Josiah Quincy III , Horace Bushnell , James Shepherd Pike , and Horace Greeley . Politicians who emphasized the theme included John Quincy Adams , Henry Wilson and William Pitt Fessenden . Abraham Lincoln used the concept after 1854 but not the term . They showed through a combination of emotive argument and hard statistical data that the South had long held a disproportionate level of power in the United States . Historian Allan Nevins contends that `` nearly all groups ... steadily substituted emotion for reason . ... Fear fed hatred , and hatred fed fear . '' The existence of a Slave Power was dismissed by Southerners at the time , and rejected as false by many historians of the 1920s and 1930s , who stressed the internal divisions in the South before 1850 . The idea that the Slave Power existed has partly come back at the hands of neoabolitionist historians since 1970 , and there is no doubt that it was a powerful factor in the Northern anti-slavery belief system . It was standard rhetoric for all factions of the Republican party .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b53ead2bf20a0343eeb864c53b975e5e", "text": "Boston Lyceum The Boston Lyceum ( est. 1829 ) of Boston , Massachusetts was a civic association dedicated to popular education in the form of `` lectures , discussions , ... declamation , '' and writing contests . It began `` in Chauncy Hall on 25 June 1829 . On 13 August 1829 it formed its classes and made provisions for lectures and debates . '' Annual members ' `` exhibitions '' of elocution took place in various venues around town , such as the Masonic Temple ( 1832 ) , Tremont Hall ( 1839 ) and the Odeon ( 1840 ) . Leaders included George Bancroft , Timothy Claxton , James T. Fields , Abbott Lawrence , William H. Prescott , William D. Ticknor , and Amasa Walker . Among the many lecturers : Nehemiah Adams , J.A. Bolles , David Paul Brown , Rufus Choate , William M. Cornell , C.C. Emerson , James Pollard Espy , Edward Everett , Dr. Grigg , George S. Hillard , Oliver Wendell Holmes , Dr. C.T. Jackson , N. Jones , Rev. John Pierpont , Edgar Allan Poe , John Osborne Sargent , William H. Simmons , Charles Sumner , B.B. Thatcher , Henry Theodore Tuckerman , Amasa Walker , and E.M.P. Wells .", "title": "" } ]
fever
e0d17f38a5b62b45dce2b71d89a688e8
Star Wars: The Force Awakens is a western.
[ { "docid": "0d9f3288cda918da427a65cfccedac4d", "text": "Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens ( also known as Star Wars : Episode VII -- The Force Awakens ) is a 2015 American epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The direct sequel to 1983 's Return of the Jedi , The Force Awakens is the first installment of the Star Wars sequel trilogy , and stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , Peter Mayhew , and Max von Sydow . Produced by Lucasfilm Ltd. and Abrams ' production company Bad Robot Productions and distributed worldwide by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , The Force Awakens marks a break in creative control from the original series as the first Star Wars film not produced by franchise creator George Lucas . Set 30 years after Return of the Jedi , it follows Rey , Finn and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor organization to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was announced after The Walt Disney Company 's acquisition of Lucasfilm in October 2012 . It was produced by Abrams , his longtime collaborator Bryan Burk , and Lucasfilm president Kathleen Kennedy . Abrams and Lawrence Kasdan , co-writer of the original trilogy films The Empire Strikes Back ( 1980 ) and Return of the Jedi ( 1983 ) , rewrote an initial script by Michael Arndt . John Williams , composer for the previous six films , returned to compose the film 's score . Lucas served as creative consultant during the film 's early production . Filming began in April 2014 in Abu Dhabi and Iceland , with principal photography also taking place in Ireland and Pinewood Studios in England , and concluded in November 2014 . It is the first live-action film in the franchise since Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith , released ten years prior in 2005 . Star Wars : The Force Awakens was widely anticipated , and Disney backed the film with extensive marketing campaigns . It premiered in Los Angeles on December 14 , 2015 , four days before its wide release . The film received positive reviews , with its ensemble cast , direction , musical score , visual effects , and action sequences receiving particular praise , though it received some criticism for being derivative of the original trilogy . The film broke various box office records and became , unadjusted for inflation , the highest-grossing installment in the franchise , the highest-grossing film in North America , and the third-highest-grossing film of all time , with a worldwide gross of over $ 2 billion and a net profit of over $ 780 million . It received five Academy Award nominations and four British Academy Film Award nominations , where it won Best Special Visual Effects . Two sequels , The Last Jedi and Episode IX , are scheduled for release in 2017 and 2019 , respectively .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "241c5584bafcb4fa9074b612100161a6", "text": "Tomorrowland (film) Tomorrowland ( subtitled A World Beyond in some regions ) is a 2015 American science-fiction mystery adventure film directed and co-written by Brad Bird . Bird co-wrote the film 's screenplay with Damon Lindelof , from an original story treatment by Bird , Lindelof and Jeff Jensen . The film stars George Clooney , Hugh Laurie , Britt Robertson , Raffey Cassidy , Tim McGraw , Kathryn Hahn and Keegan-Michael Key . In the film , a disillusioned genius inventor and a teenage science enthusiast embark to an ambiguous alternate dimension known as `` Tomorrowland '' where their actions directly affect the world and themselves . Walt Disney Pictures originally announced the film in June 2011 under the working title 1952 , and later retitled it to Tomorrowland , after the futuristic themed land found at Disney theme parks . In drafting their story , Bird and Lindelof took inspiration from the progressive cultural movements of the Space Age , as well as Walt Disney 's optimistic philosophy of the future , notably his conceptual vision for the planned community known as EPCOT . Principal photography began in August 2013 , with footage shot in British Columbia , Alberta , Florida , and Spain with second unit filming in France , California and the Bahamas . Tomorrowland was released in conventional and IMAX formats on May 22 , 2015 , and was the first theatrical film to be released in Dolby Vision and Dolby Cinema . Upon its release , the film received mixed reviews from critics ; earning praise for its original premise , musical score , action , visuals , and themes , but criticism in regards to the screenplay 's uneven writing and tone . The film grossed $ 209 million worldwide against a total production and marketing cost of $ 330 million , losing Disney $ 120 -- 140 million .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3dc96ad219da48d7f61aab9ac54248de", "text": "The People vs. George Lucas The People vs. George Lucas is a 2010 documentary comedy film directed by Swiss director Alexandre O. Philippe . It explores the issues of filmmaking and fanaticism pertaining to the Star Wars franchise and its creator , George Lucas . The film combines filmmaker and celebrity interviews with fan films , mainly taken from the 2010 online video Star Wars Uncut , which were submitted via the film 's site . Interviewees include a variety of figures such as Neil Gaiman , MC Frontalot and Gary Kurtz . Lucas himself appears frequently in archival footage , but is never interviewed directly . The film discusses the extent to which the Star Wars franchise is an artistic creation of Lucas and subject to his vision versus a social phenomenon that belongs to the general public of fans and their participatory/remix culture . The film is dedicated to interviewee Jason Nicholl , a blogger at nukethefridge.com who died before the film 's release . The film was released on DVD on October 25 , 2011 . In June 2014 , it was reported that a sequel , titled The People vs. George Lucas -- Episode II , is in development .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a90aa1415307d4baa4a3f5a05cd5adf8", "text": "G-Force (film) G-Force is a 2009 American family comedy adventure film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Jerry Bruckheimer Films . Written by Cormac Wibberley and Marianne Wibberley and directed by Hoyt Yeatman , the film is the directorial debut of Hoyt Yeatman , whose earlier work includes contributions in the area of visual effects . It was released in the United States on July 24 , 2009 . G-Force is based on a story also by Hoyt Yeatman . The film was shown in competing 3-D technologies like Dolby 3D . This is also Jerry Bruckheimer 's first 3-D film . The movie stars Zach Galifianakis , Bill Nighy , and Will Arnett and it features the voices of Sam Rockwell , Tracy Morgan , Penélope Cruz , Nicolas Cage , Steve Buscemi , and Jon Favreau . The film received generally negative reviews , with critics praising its action , but criticizing its plot and character development and it earned $ 292.8 million on a $ 150 million budget .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "340a95fdab018bfb327e9e7be22be638", "text": "Super Star Wars Super Star Wars is a 1992 video game for the Super NES based on the 1977 film Star Wars . It is the SNES equivalent of the Star Wars NES game . Super Star Wars features mostly run and gun gameplay , although it has stages which feature other challenges , such as driving a landspeeder or piloting an X-wing . It also features multiple playable characters with different abilities . The game was followed by two sequels based on the subsequent Star Wars films , Super Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back and Super Star Wars : Return of the Jedi .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8dfb07a10c2652670b4a310685e1edc0", "text": "Star Tours Star Tours was a motion simulator attraction at several Disney theme parks , based on the successful Star Wars film series created by George Lucas . Set in the Star Wars universe , the attraction sent guests on a excursion trip to Endor , whilst being caught in an altercation between the Rebel Alliance and the Galactic Empire . The attraction featured Captain `` Rex '' RX-24 along with series regulars R2-D2 and C-3PO . At its debut at Disneyland in 1987 , it was the first attraction based originally on a non-Disney licensed intellectual property . The first incarnation of the ride appeared in Tomorrowland at Disneyland in 1987 , replacing the previous attraction , Adventure Thru Inner Space . The attraction had subsequent openings at Tokyo Disneyland , Disney 's Hollywood Studios , and Disneyland Paris . The attraction at Disneyland and Disney 's Hollywood Studios closed in 2010 to allow conversion for its successor attraction , Star Tours -- The Adventures Continue . The latter location was completed on May 20 , 2011 . Tokyo Disneyland and Disneyland Paris closed their versions for conversion in 2012 and 2016 , marking the original ride 's final run of 29 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4765b9e0692641feaf7c2aa2d4f2c8a", "text": "Star Wars Holiday Special The Star Wars Holiday Special is a 1978 American musical science fiction television film set in the Star Wars galaxy . It stars the series ' first film 's main cast while introducing the character Boba Fett , who would appear in later films . It is one of the first official Star Wars spin-offs and was directed by Steve Binder . In the storyline that ties the special together , Chewbacca and Han Solo visit Kashyyyk , Chewbacca 's home world , to celebrate Life Day . They are pursued by agents of the Galactic Empire , who are searching for members of the Rebel Alliance on the planet . The special introduces three members of Chewbacca 's family : his father Itchy , his wife Malla , and his son Lumpy , though these names were later explained to have been nicknames , their full names being Attichitcuk , Mallatobuck , and Lumpawarrump , respectively . The program also features many other Star Wars characters , including Luke Skywalker , C-3PO , R2-D2 , Darth Vader and Princess Leia ( who sings the film 's `` theme song '' , set to the music of John Williams ' Star Wars theme , near the end ) , all of them portrayed by the original actors . The program includes stock footage from Star Wars , and also features a cartoon produced by Toronto-based Nelvana that officially introduces the bounty hunter Boba Fett . Scenes also take place in outer space and in spacecraft including the Millennium Falcon and an Imperial Star Destroyer . The variety-show segments and cartoon also take place in a few other locales , such as a Mos Eisley cantina on the desert planet of Tatooine and a newly introduced red ocean planet known as Panna . The special is notorious for its extremely negative reception and has never been rebroadcast or officially released on home video . It has therefore become something of a cultural legend , because of the `` underground '' quality of its existence . It has been viewed and distributed in off-air recordings made from its original telecast by fans , which were later adapted to content-sharing websites via the Internet and bootleg copies .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c4d63d8d887c064c3e348c952adb7dd7", "text": "List of Star Wars species (K–O) This is a list of Star Wars species , containing the names of fictional sentient species from the Star Wars franchise beginning with the letters K through O. Star Wars is an American epic space opera film series created by George Lucas . The first film in the series , Star Wars , was released on May 25 , 1977 and became a worldwide pop culture phenomenon , followed by five sequels and three prequels . Many species of alien creatures ( often humanoid ) are depicted .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "79a9574516df62a968439a6f11b4de93", "text": "Legacy of the Force The Legacy of the Force is a series of nine science fiction novels set in the Star Wars expanded universe , taking place approximately 40 years after the events of Star Wars Episode IV : A New Hope ( in Star Wars chronology , from 40 ABY to 41 ABY ) . The series was written by Troy Denning , Aaron Allston and Karen Traviss in an alternating cycle . The series contains a mix of hardcover and paperback releases . The plan was to allow each author to write one hardcover novel and two paperbacks , with the first , middle ( fifth ) , and final ( ninth ) novels being the hardcover releases , and the other novels being in paperback . An abridged audiobook version of each story was released concurrently with each book .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a", "text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b", "text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a10783f5169d4764de1d94e987a9697", "text": "Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back (1992 video game) Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back is a video game released for the Nintendo Entertainment System in . It is the sequel the original Star Wars for the NES . This is the second of three video games released under the Empire Strikes Back title for home video game systems . It was preceded by a version for the Atari 2600 and succeeded by Super Star Wars : The Empire Strikes Back for the Super NES . After the game was completed , the developers were occupied with making JVC 's Super Star Wars for the Super NES , so a corresponding NES sequel covering the film Return of the Jedi was never developed , nor released . A version of the game was released for the Game Boy . That product was reprinted and distributed by several publishers over the course of three years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e119361dd928a98f5b9550e807920e5", "text": "Westworld (TV series) Westworld is an American science fiction western thriller television series created by Jonathan Nolan and Lisa Joy for HBO . It is based on the 1973 film of the same name , which was written and directed by American novelist Michael Crichton , and to a lesser extent on the 1976 sequel Futureworld . It is the second TV series based on the two films , the first being the short-lived 1980 series Beyond Westworld . Nolan and Joy serve as executive producers along with J. J. Abrams , Jerry Weintraub , and Bryan Burk , with Nolan directing the pilot . The first season premiered on October 2 , 2016 , concluded on December 4 , 2016 , and consists of ten episodes . In November 2016 , HBO renewed the show for a 10-episode second season , planned for a 2018 debut . The story takes place in the fictional Westworld , a technologically advanced Wild West -- themed amusement park populated by android hosts . Westworld caters to high-paying guests , who may indulge in whatever they wish within the park , without fear of retaliation from the hosts . The series ' debut on HBO garnered the network 's highest viewership ratings for a premiere since the first episode of True Detective in 2014 and Westworld ranks as the most-watched first season of an HBO original series ever . Westworld has received positive reviews by critics , with particular praise for the visuals , story , and acting .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b575901fb3031074e8184233030d151", "text": "Outlaws (1997 video game) Outlaws is a first-person shooter released by LucasArts in 1997 . It is one of the very few first person shooter games with a Wild West setting . It follows retired U.S. Marshall James Anderson , who seeks to bring justice to a gang of criminals who killed his wife and kidnapped his daughter . It uses an enhanced version of the Jedi game engine , first seen in Star Wars : Dark Forces . It is also largely credited as the first shooter game with a sniper zoom , as well as one of the first to feature a gun reloading mechanic . LucasArts ' INSANE animation engine was used to render computer graphics animation sequences . These have special filters to look hand-drawn , and play between each mission and set up the action in the next area . The game received generally favorable reviews from critics . While the graphics were often the topic of scrutiny and comparison to better looking titles of the time , such as Quake , reviewers were largely unanimous in praising the game 's orchestral soundtrack , composed by Clint Bajakian , and solid gameplay . The voice cast includes veteran talent such as John de Lancie , Richard Moll and Jack Angel . A free expansion , entitled Handful of Missions , was released in 1998 . Community-created expansion levels are also available and have received media coverage . Although not a huge financial success , the game has a cult following .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2ab6dc1a2120b76e9aada80ff2f0501f", "text": "The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader The Rise and Fall of Darth Vader is a young adult novel set in the Star Wars universe . It tells the complete story of the title character from his introduction in Star Wars : Episode I -- The Phantom Menace to his death in Return of the Jedi , chronicling his early life as a slave on Tatooine to his transformation to the Sith Lord title character to his ultimate redemption . The hard cover book , which is 211 pages , was written by Ryder Windham and published in October 2007 . Anakin 's story begins when he is taken with his mother to be a slave to Gardulla the Hutt , rival of Jabba the Hutt , on Tatooine . The story continues from there through the rest of the Star Wars films . In 2008 , a sequel was published by Windham titled The Life and Legend of Obi-Wan Kenobi , which follows the complete story of Obi-Wan Kenobi in the complete saga . In 2009 , another sequel followed titled A New Hope : The Life of Luke Skywalker , telling the story of the Luke Skywalker throughout the Star Wars films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "60658c997ba728e06264b6919e3446cd", "text": "Star Wars: Dawn of the Jedi Star Wars : Dawn of the Jedi is an American comic book series set in the Star Wars universe . The series , published by Dark Horse Comics , is written by John Ostrander and illustrated by Jan Duursema . It is set in the earliest days of the Jedi Order , beginning in 36,453 BBY ( Before the Battle of Yavin ) . A preview issue , # 0 , was released on February 1 , 2012 , and followed by the first issue on February 15 , 2012 . Dawn of the Jedi ended after the third arc , since Marvel Comics acquired the Star Wars comic license in 2015 . The miniseries concluded with the last issue Force Wars # 5 having been released March 19 , 2014 .", "title": "" } ]
fever
39a957405fcdfc1d0598506f530ac00f
Rowan Atkinson stars in a show.
[ { "docid": "7bd92ecb5c300135e0a2e9b481ac018a", "text": "Rowan Atkinson Rowan Sebastian Atkinson , MSc , CBE ( born 6 January 1955 ) is an English actor , comedian , and screenwriter best known for his work on the sitcoms Blackadder and Mr. Bean . Atkinson first came to prominence in the BBC 's sketch comedy show Not the Nine O'Clock News ( 1979 -- 82 ) , receiving the 1981 BAFTA for Best Entertainment Performance , and via his participation in The Secret Policeman 's Ball from 1979 . His other work includes the 1983 James Bond film Never Say Never Again , playing a bumbling vicar in Four Weddings and a Funeral ( 1994 ) , voicing the red-billed hornbill Zazu in The Lion King ( 1994 ) , and featuring in the BBC sitcom The Thin Blue Line ( 1995 -- 1996 ) . His work in theatre includes the 2009 West End revival of the musical Oliver ! . Atkinson was listed in The Observer as one of the 50 funniest actors in British comedy , and amongst the top 50 comedians ever , in a 2005 poll of fellow comedians . In addition to his 1981 BAFTA , he received an Olivier Award for his 1981 West End theatre performance in Rowan Atkinson in Revue . He has also had cinematic success with his performances in the Mr. Bean movie adaptations Bean and Mr. Bean 's Holiday , and also in Johnny English ( 2003 ) and its sequel Johnny English Reborn ( 2011 ) . He currently stars as the titular character in Maigret since 2016 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8872be1e7d2556796d4864943184f33d", "text": "Maigret (2016 TV series) Maigret is a British television series from ITV . Its first episode aired on 28 March 2016 . It is an adaptation of the books by Georges Simenon featuring his fictional French detective Jules Maigret played by Rowan Atkinson .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "874996477f7f5e17bd46d29e180ca01a", "text": "That Mitchell and Webb Sound That Mitchell and Webb Sound is a comedy sketch show on BBC Radio 4 which started on 28 August 2003 . A second series was broadcast in 2005 with a third starting on 24 May 2007 . The series became adapted for television as That Mitchell and Webb Look in 2006 . The series is seen in some ways a follow-up to The Mitchell and Webb Situation , a sketch show shown on Play UK in 2001 . That Mitchell and Webb Sound returned to BBC Radio 4 for a fourth series in 2009 , the first episode broadcasting on 25 August 2009 . A fifth series was announced in September 2013 , and began transmission on 26 November 2013 . The series stars David Mitchell and Robert Webb who also write a fair amount of the material . Also performing in the show are James Bachman and regular Mitchell and Webb collaborator Olivia Colman . Sarah Hadland joined the cast for the fourth series . Apart from Mitchell and Webb , a fair proportion of the sketches are written by the other cast members and other writers . These include Jesse Armstrong and Sam Bain ( the writers of Peep Show , in which Mitchell and Webb star ) , Mark Evans , David Quantick , Jonathan Dryden Taylor , Toby Davies , Simon Kane and John Finnemore . It is produced by Gareth Edwards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a187f8bda39c908d8a9e479c40ca9ef5", "text": "Heroes of Comedy Heroes of Comedy is a British television series , produced by Thames Television , and broadcast on Channel 4 , which devotes each episode to a legend of British comedy . It was produced by John Fisher . Beginning in 1995 , it followed a 2 1/2 hour more general programme from 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c29cc04a2729bf60b2f03a251f338011", "text": "Johnny English Johnny English is a 2003 British spy comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre infused with comedy similar to Atkinson 's Mr. Bean character . The film stars Rowan Atkinson , Natalie Imbruglia , Ben Miller and John Malkovich . The screenplay was written by Bond writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade , with William Davies , and the film was directed by Peter Howitt . The film grossed a total of $ 160 million worldwide . The film was followed by a sequel , 2011 's Johnny English Reborn . The film was released in the United Kingdom on April 11 , 2003 , and topped the country 's box office for the next three weekends , before being overtaken by X2 . A second sequel is in pre-production and will release in October 2018 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00d8ee1d6c44874c57a26952cc24e64d", "text": "The Other 'Arf The Other ` Arf is a British television ITV sitcom series broadcast from 30 May 1980 to 30 March 1984 . It stars John Standing as upper class Conservative politician Charles Latimer , MP , who begins a relationship with working class cockney Lorraine Watts ( played by former model Lorraine Chase ) . The series was produced by ATV ( which later became Central Independent Television in 1982 ) , and was screened by ITV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ad1f8ac6659baedd980505c7ba5ac61", "text": "The Tomfoolery Show The Tomfoolery Show is an American cartoon comedy television series made and first broadcast in 1970 , based on the works of Edward Lear . The animation was done at the Halas and Batchelor Studios in London and Stroud . Though the works of other writers were also used , notably Lewis Carroll and Ogden Nash , Lear 's works were the main source , and characters like the Yongy-Bonghy-Bo and the Umbrageous Umbrella Maker were all Lear creations . Other regular characters included the Enthusiastic Elephant , the Fizzgiggious Fish , and the Scroobious Snake . Some original material was also written based on characters created by Lear , although much of the material was a straight recital of poems and limericks or songs using Lear 's poems set to music . A recurring joke had a delivery boy running around trying to deliver a large plant and shouting ` Plant for Mrs Discobolus ! ' . Some of the gags were based on Abbott and Costello skits which involved one of the regular characters in troubling situations . A cooking lesson for a silly recipe was presented in each episode . The series was produced by Rankin/Bass , and Videocraft International , who also made the Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer and Frosty the Snowman television specials . The series was made in England , featuring the voices of Peter Hawkins , Bernard Spear , and the Maury Laws Singers . The series received mostly mixed and negative reviews for not using original material . The series was not renewed after one year on the air . Original air : September 12 , 1970 - September 4 , 1971", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a66f8eefd9d209c70eed01eddf852c3", "text": "The Baker Street Boys The Baker Street Boys is a British television series made by the BBC and first shown in 1983 . The series recounts the adventures of a gang of street urchins living in Victorian London who assist the legendary detective Sherlock Holmes in solving crimes and find themselves tackling cases of their own .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0fbaadfc2b1e43f268d984d01c228d75", "text": "The Atkinson People The Atkinson People is a 1979 BBC radio comedy series . The series , which was first broadcast sporadically in 1979 by the BBC 's arts radio station Radio 3 , features a satirical profile of a fictional famous person each week . It is notable as being the first radio or television programme to star comedian and actor Rowan Atkinson . The programme was co-written by Atkinson and Richard Curtis and produced by future Not the Nine O'Clock News co-star Griff Rhys Jones , then a BBC Radio Comedy producer . In most cases , Atkinson played the lead characters , with other voices provided by Hugh Thomas and Peter Wilson . Following the precedent set by The Hitchhiker 's Guide to the Galaxy , the series was also an early adopter of stereophonic sound ; it was recorded in 1978 , and broadcast in 1979 . The series has been repeated on BBC Radio 7 and its successor BBC Radio 4 Extra , and was picked by Armando Iannucci during his stint as `` comedy controller '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cb155e7c7fca45c93595ed997188530c", "text": "The Catherine Tate Show The Catherine Tate Show is a British television sketch comedy written by Catherine Tate and Aschlin Ditta . Tate also stars in all but one of the show 's sketches , which feature a wide range of characters . The Catherine Tate Show airs on BBC Two and is shown worldwide through the BBC . Collectively , the show has been nominated for six BAFTA Awards , two British Comedy Awards and an Emmy Award , and it has won two Royal Television Society Awards , two British Comedy Awards and a National Television Award since its debut in 2004 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3206354cf5daaae26d01682ef618c5ef", "text": "An Audience with... An Audience with ... is a British entertainment television show produced by London Weekend Television ( now part of ITV Studios ) , in which a host , usually a singer or comedian , performs for an invited audience of celebrity guests , interspersed with questions from the audience , in a light hearted revue/tribute style .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e01f8f3886107ae74ba54ff16ea124f5", "text": "Bonkers (2007 TV series) Bonkers is a UK television series written by Sally Wainwright and starring Liza Tarbuck . It was transmitted on ITV during 2007 . It was also released on DVD . This series is available on DVD , distributed by Acorn Media UK . In July 2007 , the playwright and actress Tricia Walsh-Smith filed a claim in the High Court for breach of copyright , claiming that the pilot episode was copied from her 1987 play , also called `` Bonkers '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6b7878e4c8124a60cf9659ded96dde1a", "text": "Black Books Black Books is a British sitcom created by Dylan Moran and Graham Linehan and broadcast on Channel 4 from 2000 to 2004 . Starring Moran , Bill Bailey and Tamsin Greig , the series is set in the eponymous London bookshop and follows the lives of its owner Bernard Black ( Moran ) , his assistant Manny Bianco ( Bailey ) and their friend Fran Katzenjammer ( Greig ) . The series was produced by Big Talk Productions , in association with Channel 4 . The show was produced in a multiple-camera setup , and was primarily filmed at Teddington Studios in Teddington , London , with exterior scenes filmed on location on Leigh Street and the surrounding areas in Bloomsbury . The debut episode premiered on 29 September 2000 and three seasons followed , with the final episode airing on 15 April 2004 . Black Books was a critical success , winning a number of awards , including two BAFTA awards for Best Situation Comedy in 2001 and 2005 and a Bronze Rose at the Festival Rose d'Or .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f33fc9e71e9956208c69f52e7166f3cc", "text": "Alexei Sayle's Merry-Go-Round Alexei Sayle 's Merry-Go-Round is a comedy sketch show which ran on BBC2 for a total of 6 episodes over one series in 1998 . Alexei Sayle 's final series was almost identical in format to The All New Alexei Sayle Show except with yet another change of writers . ( This time they included Kevin Cecil , Dave Cummings , Kevin Gildea , Andy Riley and Edgar Wright ) . Unusually , there was no studio audience . Sketches included the talents of Noel Fielding , Lee Hurst , Paul Putner , Gemma Rigg , Reece Shearsmith , Jessica Stevenson , David Walliams and Peter Serafinowicz The continuing adventures of Bobby Chariot were chronicled . Now free from any obligation to be Alexei 's warm-up man , he traversed a series of other career cul-de-sacs under the appalling management of the repulsive `` Edna '' ( played by Denise Coffey ) . In one episode , the joke was turned on its head as Chariot performed for an audience of students , who enjoyed his act ironically and responded to his catchphrase `` How ya diddling ? '' with an enthusiastic reply of `` We 're diddling fine ! '' ( until he got overconfident and moved on to material which insulted his audience ) . Meanwhile , Alexei Sayle himself was depicted as living in a Teletubbies-style burrow somewhere in the posh part of North London . Probably the most famous sketch was `` The Ayatollah Of Dibley '' , an Islamic Fundamentalist version of The Vicar of Dibley .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a06df7b0f722557443dfd2656e5ac69e", "text": "It Takes a Worried Man It Takes a Worried Man is a British TV sitcom . It was made by Thames Television and ran for three series , broadcast from to . The first two series were broadcast on the ITV network , and the third and final series on Channel 4 . Most episodes were written by the star , Peter Tilbury , who played office worker Philip Roath . The title comes from a line in the folk song Worried Man Blues .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "aa3273a3f59e70a6555d92115ab32673", "text": "The World of Wooster The World of Wooster is a comedy television series , based on the Jeeves comedy stories by P. G. Wodehouse . The series aired on BBC Television from 1965 until 1967 in three series . Most episodes are lost . ( See Wiping . )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "65f7fe19ad2334a267b21b6eb585942c", "text": "Thirty-Minute Theatre Thirty-Minute Theatre is an anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973 , which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers , on account of its short running length , and which therefore attracted many writers who later became well known . It was initially produced by Graeme MacDonald . Thirty-Minute Theatre began on BBC2 in 1965 with an adaptation of the black comedy Parson 's Pleasure ( author , Roald Dahl ) . Dennis Potter contributed Emergency -- Ward 9 ( 1966 ) , which he partially recycled in the much later The Singing Detective ( 1986 ) . In 1967 BBC2 launched the UK 's first colour service , with the consequence that Thirty-Minute Theatre became the first drama series in the country to be shown in colour . As well as single plays , the series showed several linked collections of plays , including a group of four plays by John Mortimer named after areas of London in 1972 , two three-part Inspector Waugh series starring Clive Swift in the title role , and a trilogy of plays by Jean Benedetti , broadcast in 1969 , focusing on infamous historical figures such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin . Other plays were broadcast by writers like Charlotte and Denis Plimmer ( The Chequers Manoeuvre , 1968 ) , David Rudkin ( Bypass , 1972 , and Atrocity , 1973 ) and Jack Rosenthal ( And For my Next Trick , 1972 ) . Thirty-Minute Theatre was cancelled in August 1973 . Second City Firsts , also of 30 minutes duration , fulfilled much the same role .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "93b340b11ac156cccd93e0f0936f0e7a", "text": "The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom Blackadder , written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson , directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd . The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983 , and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network . Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages , the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field , only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV , one of the Princes in the Tower . The series follows the exploits of Richard IV 's unfavoured second son Edmund ( who calls himself `` The Black Adder '' ) in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and , in the final episode , his quest to overthrow him . Conceived while Atkinson and Curtis were working on Not the Nine O'Clock News , the series covers a number of medieval issues in Britain in a humorous and often anachronistic manner -- witchcraft , royal succession , European relations , the Crusades and the conflict between the Crown and the Church . The filming of the series was highly ambitious , with a large cast and much location shooting . Shakespearean dialogue is sometimes adapted for comic effect . Despite winning an International Emmy , The Black Adder is generally regarded as the weakest series of Blackadder , even by its creators .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "666ad191b22a3e3e42c3d3936b3e4228", "text": "Thin Ice (TV series) Thin Ice was a British comedy television show on BBC Two starring Ian Ashpitel Marc Wootton and Nina Wadia . All the episodes were written by Simon Carlyle and Gregor Sharp . It began on 28 February 2006 and ran for six 30 minute episodes until 4 April 2006 . It was based around an ice rink in Derby , revolving around the intense rivalry which exists between an amateur ice-skating trainer and her nemesis . The programme was filmed , however , at Whitley Bay Ice Rink , and around the town of Whitley Bay in North Tyneside , which are mentioned as to where the British Championships would be held in the series . The programme ran for one series , but was not renewed by the BBC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7974cfda4984b0e31e9d443187a96e2b", "text": "The Thin Blue Line (TV series) The Thin Blue Line ( a colloquial term for police forces ) is a British sitcom starring Rowan Atkinson and written by Ben Elton . It aired on the BBC from 1995 to 1996 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e01a48d25c2f96d3ca92dfcb8b062a2", "text": "Catastrophe (2015 TV series) Catastrophe is a British sitcom first broadcast on 19 January 2015 on Channel 4 . It stars Sharon Horgan as Sharon Morris and Rob Delaney as Rob Norris , who get together after she becomes pregnant following a brief affair while he is in the UK on business . Carrie Fisher , Ashley Jensen , and Mark Bonnar play supporting characters in the series . The show was renewed for a second series in January 2015 and began broadcasting from 27 October 2015 , having been brought forward from its original schedule of early 2016 . In July 2016 , Catastrophe was renewed for a third and fourth series . The third series , which began broadcasting in the UK on 28 February 2017 , comprises 6 episodes -- which all became available in the Untied States on April 28 , 2017 , hosted by Amazon . The fourth series of the show is scheduled for 2018 . For her performance in the show , Sharon Horgan was nominated for a 2016 British Academy Television Awards for Best Female Comedy Performance in 2016 . Both Horgan and Delaney won the BAFTA TV Award for Best Writer : Comedy . The show was nominated for a Peabody Award . In July 2016 , the show received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Writing For a Comedy Series , going to Horgan and Delaney .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e8ff5e5ccef373441d5aefc5d5f9731b", "text": "The Robinsons The Robinsons is a British comedy television series that debuted on BBC Two on 5 May 2005 . The show 's central character is a divorced reinsurance actuary , Ed Robinson ( played by Martin Freeman ) , who realises that reinsurance is not his passion and decides to rethink his life . The series is written and directed by Mark Bussell and Justin Sbresni . The show 's executive producers include Jon Plowman and Michele Buck .", "title": "" } ]
fever
10f26790879afdf82640a5ba546cdb2e
Grace VanderWaal sings and writes songs.
[ { "docid": "0864283b43e37dd557adf1eec92450fd", "text": "Grace VanderWaal Grace Avery VanderWaal ( born January 15 , 2004 ) is an American singer-songwriter from Suffern , New York . In September 2016 , at age 12 , she won the eleventh season of the NBC TV competition show America 's Got Talent ( AGT ) . She soon signed a record deal with Columbia Records and released her first EP , Perfectly Imperfect , in December 2016 . VanderWaal also creates videos of her original songs and covers for YouTube and continues to perform . She won the 2017 Radio Disney Music Award for Best New Artist and is working on a full-length album to be released later in 2017 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "3a2628ae743038f40f0934492c47d8fe", "text": "Grace Inez Crawford Grace Inez Crawford , also known as Grace Lovat Fraser ( 1889 -- 1977 ) was an American singer , actress , costume designer , translator of plays , and author of several books .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d8920ab9437a52349c30119801c77598", "text": "Dianne Quander Dianne Quander is an American songwriter , best known for writing the song `` Caught Up In The Rapture , '' with her writing partner Garry Glenn which was recorded by Anita Baker . She also collaborated on songs of various artists including `` Take You To Heaven '' by Earth , Wind and Fire , `` Why Not Me '' by Phyllis Hyman , `` Flame of Love '' by Jean Carne and `` Sweet Control '' by Jon Lucien .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fb17ed38cd17d8fdbb9ff6f7fa0c1b9b", "text": "Grace Kennedy Grace Kennedy may refer to : Grace Kennedy Jamaican conglomerate originally part of W. R. Grace Grace Kennedy ( writer ) ( 1782 -- 1825 ) , Scottish writer Grace Kennedy ( singer ) , British singer and television presenter Poto and Cabengo ( Grace and Virginia Kennedy ) , American identical twins", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0941b36cfe9860905c9eda58f6b4b215", "text": "The Arbors The Arbors were an American pop group formed in 1964 in Ann Arbor , Michigan . The members , two sets of brothers , met at the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor , and began playing local shows in Michigan before moving to New York City . They recorded a single for Mercury Records which garnered little attention , but their next single , `` A Symphony for Susan '' ( recorded for Carney Records ) , was reissued nationally on Columbia Records subsidiary , Date Records and hit # 51 on the US chart ; they followed with the singles `` Just Let it Happen '' and `` Graduation Day '' ( US # 59 ) . In 1968 , they recorded the song `` Valley of the Dolls '' , which was not used in the movie of the same name but which was released concomitantly ; it was overshadowed by the title song from the movie . They bounced back with a 1969 version of `` The Letter '' , which had been a hit two years before for The Box Tops . The cover became their biggest hit , reaching # 20 on the US singles chart , and they followed it with the release of an album that included their interpretations of Bob Dylan 's `` Like a Rolling Stone '' , The Doors ' `` Touch Me '' , Blood , Sweat & Tears ' `` I Ca n't Quit Her '' ( US # 67 ) , and Simon & Garfunkel 's `` For Emily , Whenever I May Find Her '' . It was the group 's last recording for Columbia , and afterward , they began writing and playing music for commercials , and continued to do so for some thirty years thereafter .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16f5d3910d0ab0c96873accd7bd098c4", "text": "Coco's Lunch Coco 's Lunch is an a cappella musical group based in Melbourne , Australia . The group was founded in 1994 by vocalists and multi-instrumentalists Lisa Young ( voice , djembe , percussion ) , Nicola Eveleigh ( voice , percussion , bass flute , ocarina ) , Jaqueline Gawler ( voice , percussion ) , Sue Johnson ( voice , percussion ) and Gabrielle MacGregor ( voice , djembe , percussion ) . Coco 's Lunch has a unique sound influenced by jazz , blues , classical , African and Carnatic traditions , and has been compared to artists such as Sweet Honey in the Rock and Bobby McFerrin . In 2003 , Coco 's Lunch won the award for `` Best Folk/World Song '' at the Contemporary A Cappella Recording Awards for `` Thulele Mama Ya '' , from the album A Whole New Way of Getting Dressed , which in turn was runner-up for the `` Best Folk/World Album '' category . In the same year , their song `` All the Wild Wonders '' , written by Sue Johnson in collaboration with author Elizabeth Honey , was nominated for the category `` Most Performed Jazz Work '' in the APRA Music Awards of 2003 . Coco 's Lunch received nominations at the ARIA Music Awards of 2007 in the category Best Children 's Album for their album Rat Trap Snap and in the category Best World Music Album for their album Blueprint . In 2015 , they won the `` Best Song Composed or Originally Performed by ( OPB ) an AUS/NZ '' category of the A Cappella Recording Awards , presented by Vocal Australia , for Lisa Young 's song `` Other Plans '' , which was also nominated for the category `` Best Jazz Song '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a3b32402a764af3387ef5c6c1eb0319e", "text": "The Graces (band) The Graces were a US band in the late 1980s and early 1990s featuring Charlotte Caffey , Meredith Brooks , and Gia Ciambotti . Formed in 1988 , they released their debut album Perfect View on A&M Records in 1989 . Their first single `` Lay Down Your Arms '' hit No. 56 on the Billboard Hot 100 but the album and subsequent singles flopped . In 1991 they were dropped by the record label and Brooks left the band . She was replaced by Chrissy Shefts and the group continued to play live . They were about to be re-signed when Ciambotti was offered a gig in the Bruce Springsteen band , so the group disbanded in 1992 without recording a second album . Belinda Carlisle later covered `` Lay Down Your Arms '' on her 1993 album Real .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d0de5b2c247298f2b9a3db38a880edac", "text": "Jamie Grace Jamie Grace Harper ( born November 25 , 1991 ) is an American contemporary Christian musician , singer , rapper , and songwriter from Atlanta , Georgia . In 2010 , TobyMac found her songs on YouTube and signed her to his label Gotee Records for two albums . She released the song `` Hold Me '' in 2011 which landed her a nomination at the 2012 Grammys and won the 2012 Dove Award for New Artist of the Year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "acc08ebc0346151d5e884e0701f53693", "text": "Brittany Shane Brittany Shane is an American singer-songwriter and musician based in Austin , Texas . The Wisconsin-born and raised songstress blends rock and pop with poetry . She got her start performing at The Fillmore in San Francisco , California in 2000 , playing acoustic in the Poster Room before acts such as The Wallflowers , Aimee Mann , Chris Isaak and Liz Phair graced the mainstage . After the release of her album , Have Heart Live Young ( 2010 ) , she opened for Heart , Foreigner and Peter Frampton as well as headlining her own local shows around the Bay Area . Her first San Francisco released CD , Decked Out ( 2005 ) , was selected by Aidin Vaziri , of the San Francisco Chronicle , as one of his top local CDs of 2005 . Her first two recordings , Out of the Everywhere ( 1999 ) and Moravian Star ( 2000 ) were released under her maiden name Brittany Safranek ( Shane is her middle name ) while attending the University of Wisconsin -- Madison . Shane released her new CD Have Heart Live Young on her own ` Painted Lady Records ' in September 2010 . Shane has worked with top-notch music makers , including Grammy-nominated mix engineer , Joe Chiccarelli and producer Zack Smith ( who founded the 1980s band Scandal ) . Her music suggests Brit cult group The Sundays , The Bangles , Beth Orton or Mazzy Star . Several of the songs on Decked Out and Have Heart Live Young provide much of the score to the multi-award winning indie film , The Village Barbershop , starring John Ratzenberger ( Cliff Clavin from Cheers ) and Shelly Cole . The film , called `` warm , humorous and ingratiating '' by Variety , was released nationally in cinemas in March 2009 by -LSB- Monterey Media -RSB- . Shane 's songs TV placements include : A national Hyundai commercial ( 2008 ) , Bad Girls Club ( Oxygen Channel ) ( 2008 ) , Living Lohan ( Oxygen Channel ) ( 2008 ) and Parking Wars ( A&E ) ( 2009 ) , Daytripper ( PBS ) ( 2013 ) , After Happily Ever After ( PBS ) ( 2013 ) , Rizzoli & Isles ( TNT ) ( 2014 ) . She was a KFOG Radio Spotlight Artist in the fall of 2008 and the San Francisco Chronicle '' 's Fresh Artist in May 2008 . Shane promoted her album Have Heart Live Young on her first US Tour from November 2009-August 2010 with 80 dates across the U.S. Aidin Vaziri featured her tour as a main music article in the Pink Pages of the San Francisco Chronicle . She released her fifth album , Loud Nights On A Short String '' ( 2012 ) which was produced by Austin music greats Scrappy Jud Newcomb and George Reiff , who also played guitar and bass on the CD , along with Dony Wynn playing drums and Johnny Goudie on keyboards . Her new album is currently in rotation on radio KOOP .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a719a9325a8764c48577e6f82bc4446", "text": "Song cycle A song cycle ( Liederkreis or Liederzyklus ) is a group , or cycle , of individually complete songs designed to be performed in a sequence as a unit . The songs are either for solo voice or an ensemble , or rarely a combination of solo songs mingled with choral pieces . The number of songs in a song cycle may be as brief as two songs or as long as 30 or more songs . The term `` song cycle '' did not enter lexicography until 1865 , in Arrey von Dommer 's edition of Koch 's Musikalisches Lexikon , but works definable in retrospect as song cycles existed long before then . One of the earliest examples may be the set of seven Cantigas de amigo by the 13th-century Galician jongleur Martin Codax . A song cycle is similar to a song collection , and the two can be difficult to distinguish . Some type of coherence , however , is regarded as a necessary attribute of song cycles . It may derive from the text ( a single poet ; a story line ; a central theme or topic such as love or nature ; a unifying mood ; poetic form or genre , as in a sonnet or ballad cycle ) or from musical procedures ( tonal schemes ; recurring motifs , passages or entire songs ; formal structures ) . These unifying features may appear singly or in combination . Because of these many variations , the song cycle `` resists definition '' . The nature and quality of the coherence within a song cycle must therefore be examined `` in individual cases '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2f6ef2ba0772ad8f88489ecaddf9be91", "text": "Dinah Sings Bessie Smith Dinah Sings Bessie Smith is a 1958 album by blues , R&B and jazz singer Dinah Washington released on the Emarcy label , and reissued by Verve Records in 1999 as The Bessie Smith Songbook . The album arrangements are headed by Robare Edmondson and Ernie Wilkins , and the songs are associated with American blues singer Bessie Smith . Allmusic details the album in its review as saying : `` It was only natural that the `` Queen of the Blues '' should record songs associated with the `` Empress of the Blues . '' The performances by the septet/octet do not sound like the 1920s and the purposely ricky-tick drumming is insulting , but Dinah Washington sounds quite at home on this music '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c84a281b7bc6db11368a52c41301b9f7", "text": "Adia Victoria Adia Victoria ( born July 22 , 1986 ) is an American singer and songwriter . She is known for her `` gothic blues . '' In addition to playing and writing music , she also writes poetry . She is currently based in Nashville .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c00d19ae7ee1dd6d5e25e4a60c689c83", "text": "PT Walkley P.T. Walkley is a New York City-based singer/songwriter and composer for film and television . He and his live band have opened for Weezer ( at Hammerstein Ballroom ) and Coldplay ( at Madison Square Garden ) , and have played top-tier music festivals like All Points West . He released his first LP as a solo artist , Mr. Macy Wakes Alone , in January 2009 , and includes contributions from acclaimed artists such as Larry Campbell , David Campbell , and Sean Lennon . Walkley has since released two EPs , What 's What and The Ghost of Chivalry . Walkley is also part of the musical projects The Blue Jackets and PT Walkley and the Adventures of Track Rabbit . His most recent album `` Shoulders '' received critical acclaim , and can be streamed on his website , along with the rest of his music . Currently composing the original score for Wilde Wedding , starring Glenn Close , John Malkovich , Patrick Stewart and Minnie Driver . Walkley has also scored and written songs for several major motion pictures , including the Edward Burns films Looking for Kitty , The Groomsmen , Purple Violets , and Nice Guy Johnny , as well as the 2005 film Southern Belles , which starred Anna Faris and Judah Friedlander . Walkley has also composed and licensed music for numerous national advertising campaigns , for clients such as MasterCard , General Electric , Mercedes-Benz , Starbucks , and Macy 's . He composed all the original music for Ed Burns / Steven Spielberg TV Series `` Public Morals '' and for the Nickelodeon children 's television show , Team Umizoomi . In 2017 , he has done a music video for Sesame Workshop 's Sesame Studios YouTube channel , featuring digital puppet characters called `` the Ziggles '' that do a disco remix while counting to ten .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8d42995c37562cd865f6c06463086ea7", "text": "Grace (Mandy Capristo album) Grace is the debut studio album by German singer Mandy Capristo . The album was released on April 27 , 2012 under the recordings of EMI , Capitol Records and Starwatch Entertainment . The project is Capristo 's first solo release following the disbandment with her band Monrose whom after four years have enjoyed four successful albums and seven consecutive top-ten singles . Recorded in Hamburg , Cologne and Berlin , Germany , Capristo had mainly collaborated with David Jost , Twin , Lamb , Julie Frost and Will Simms , among others for the album . Upon the release of the album , the album charted debuted at number-eight on the German Albums Chart in the first week . She became the first German television talent show contestant in history to reach a top ten album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8056f1393011b7b4d9b30b6b198542dd", "text": "Floodland (album) Floodland is the second studio album by English rock band The Sisters of Mercy . It was released on 13 November 1987 by Merciful Release and Warner Music Group . The recording of the album began in January 1987 , roughly two years after the band disbanded following the departures of band members Craig Adams and Wayne Hussey . It was produced by Larry Alexander , band frontman Andrew Eldritch , and Jim Steinman while being recorded at Power Station Studios in Manhattan , Strawberry Studios in Manchester , The Wool Hall in Bath , and AIR Studios in London . Floodland received positive reviews from critics . Four official singles were released from the album : `` This Corrosion '' , `` Dominion '' , `` 1959 '' , and `` Lucretia My Reflection '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a59c78cb03df8be802db04d8bddc9611", "text": "Leslie Grace Leslie Grace Martínez ( born January 7 , 1995 ) , known professionally as Leslie Grace , is an American Dominican singer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "237d2723a9d6575bfe66978c4147c575", "text": "Coup de Grace (The Stranglers album) Coup de Grace is the fourteenth album by The Stranglers released in 1998 . The tracks on Coup de Grace represent a greater writing input from Jean Jacques Burnel ( JJ Burnel ) than on more recent outings ; he also sings four of the ten tracks . Heavily influenced by the band 's troop-entertaining trips to such places as the Falkland Islands and Bosnia , and ( in JJ 's words ) `` life in general '' , the tracks cover such topics as the ravages of war , religious conflicts , and failed relationships . In album includes the minimally-accompanied ballad `` In the End '' . The album failed to reach the official UK Albums Chart , their first such release to do so .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4d7a3d5959c4d76c180b624b4516f72", "text": "Life Is a Song Worth Singing Life Is a Song Worth Singing was the second album by Contemporary R&B crooner Teddy Pendergrass . It contained two singles : `` Only You '' and `` Close the Door '' . `` Close The Door '' reached number one on the US R&B music chart . Also , the ballads `` It Do n't Hurt Now '' and `` When Somebody Loves You Back '' are staples on Quiet storm radio formats . The album itself did well on the charts as well , reaching number 11 on the US Pop chart and reaching number one on the R&B chart . It was nominated for an American Music Award , Favorite Soul/R & B Album in 1979 . The title track is a cover of the Johnny Mathis hit single `` Life is a Song Worth Singing '' , which was released in 1973 . The album was arranged by Jack Faith , Dexter Wansel , John L. Usry Jnr . and Thom Bell .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64640e9962f37f67a5ec82043c5911b6", "text": "Grace Chia Grace Chia is a Singaporean writer , poet , journalist and editor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "70f676ea55e6f77af8584265effa37fe", "text": "Mojo Pin `` Mojo Pin '' is the first song on Jeff Buckley 's 1994 album Grace . It was written by Jeff Buckley and Gary Lucas , and was first introduced on his EP , Live at Sin-é . Buckley stated that the song was about a dream of a black woman . Through a wash of bizarre images , the lyrics convey a feeling of addiction , either to drugs or a person . In Jeff 's words , `` Sometimes if somebody you feel you need ... the whole universe tells you that you have to have her , you start watching her favorite TV shows all night , you start buying her the things she needs , you start drinking her drinks , you start smoking her bad cigarettes , you start picking up her nuances in her voice , you sleep in safe sometimes the most dangerous thing ... this is called Mojo Pin . '' ( Astoria , London , UK , 18/01/95 ) The song mixes a psychedelic feel , along with a more hard rock tone at intervals throughout the song . The original music for both `` Grace '' ( `` Rise Up to Be '' ) and `` Mojo Pin '' ( `` And You Will '' ) without Jeff 's vocals can be found on Gary Lucas 's CD , Level the Playing Field . The song is also featured on the Gary Lucas & Gods and Monster 's CD , Coming Clean , with vocals by Michael Schoen . Live version of the song featured a long introduction entitled `` Chocolate '' in which Jeff imitated the vocal style of Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0f038c1447dde8aff0f7dcd25230a6b7", "text": "GMA Canada The Gospel Music Association of Canada or GMA Canada ( formerly known as the CGMA ) is a not for profit association , founded in 1974 , whose purpose is to promote Christian music in Canada . GMA Canada assists Christian artists , songwriters , producers , promoters and others working in Christian music to promote their work with media , retailers , distributors and church leadership . The organization runs educational programs and presents the annual Covenant Awards . It releases recordings of Christian music such as the annual `` Covenant Hits '' and the 30th Anniversary Collection of 2008 , and has instituted a `` Canada Song Hall of Fame '' featuring traditional Christian songs .", "title": "" } ]
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750bc51cf2a8f86d1b85cddb854a20ec
Shawn Mendes caught the attention of two managers.
[ { "docid": "c7ac5f2ffc884b23bd83390af890b33c", "text": "Shawn Mendes Shawn Peter Raul Mendes ( -LSB- ˈmɛndɛz -RSB- , -LSB- ˈmẽdɨʃ -RSB- ; born August 8 , 1998 ) is a Canadian singer and songwriter . He attracted a following in 2013 , when he began posting song covers on the video sharing application Vine . The following year , he caught the attention of artist managers Andrew Gertler and Island Records A&R Ziggy Chareton , which led to him signing a deal with the record label . Mendes went on to release an EP and his debut studio album Handwritten , whose single `` Stitches '' reached the top 10 in the US and Canada , and number one in the UK . His sophomore album , Illuminate ( 2016 ) , was preceded by the single `` Treat You Better '' . Both albums debuted atop the US Billboard 200 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "25a1552f54c1824e62ccd0cc956f635a", "text": "GestiFute Gestão de Carreiras de Profissionais Desportivos , S.A. , known as GestiFute , is a Portuguese company providing agent services for footballers . Unlike other football associations , Portugal allowed other parties to own part of the economic rights of the players , in order to receive part of the transfer fees . The company was founded by Jorge Mendes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d6fc2420a278969e7cc7587f84a5ac2", "text": "The One Minute Manager The One Minute Manager is a very short book by Ken Blanchard and Spencer Johnson . The brief volume tells a story , recounting three techniques of an effective manager : one-minute goals , one-minute praisings and one-minute reprimands . Each of these takes only a minute but is purportedly of lasting benefit .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2c465f9df3c4f6d402563f7631f1de37", "text": "I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts . The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics . I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bea0e2850cccac584981b16e7a2af189", "text": "Shawn Chrystopher Shawn Chrystopher Garrett , II ( born July 22 , 1986 ) better known by his stage name Shawn Chrystopher , is an American rapper and music producer . He first gained major attention with the release of his debut mixtape `` I.W.G. : I Wear Glasses '' in 2008 , which was sponsored by urban-clothing powerhouse LRG . Chrystopher also worked with artist Timbaland , Yelawolf , MANN , XV , Mike Posner , Big Sean , N.O.R.E. , Owl City , Dom Kennedy and many other artists spanning a handful of different genres . Shawn released three albums in 2014 ; the first one , Summerlove , was released for free on LiveMixtapes on August 12 , 2014 . For the new music , Shawn worked with GRAMMY Award winning producer Timbaland , who executive produced his debut commercial album `` The Lovestory LP '' that dropped on July 23 , 2013 via Shawn 's label Honour ROLE Music , LLC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0368d34440b6433f7cd471e99949163b", "text": "Emanuel Steward Emanuel `` Manny '' Steward ( July 7 , 1944 -- October 25 , 2012 ) was an American boxer , trainer , and commentator for HBO Boxing . Steward trained 41 world champion fighters throughout his career , most notably Lennox Lewis , Wladimir Klitschko , Thomas Hearns , and Tony Tucker , through the famous Kronk Gym . His heavyweight fighters had a record of 34-2-1 combined in title fights . He was an inductee of the International Boxing Hall Of Fame , and the World Boxing Hall of Fame . Steward was also known for his charity work in Detroit , Michigan , helping endangered youths to attain an education .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1668b6e8b2edecef755604f771b1ba39", "text": "Tapout (clothing brand) Tapout is an American multinational corporation that designs and manufactures sports clothing , casual apparel , and accessories headquartered in Baltimore , Maryland . It is one of the largest sportswear manufacturers in the United States , and one of the biggest in the world . Tapout was registered in 1997 in San Bernardino County , California , by Charles Lewis , Jr. , Dan Caldwell and Tim Katz . The company was founded after the trio began selling mixed martial arts clothing from the back of their Ford Mustang . Selling the merchandise during a period where MMA solely reached a niche market , Lewis , Caldwell and Katz branded the company around the sport , distributing the merchandise in cities where the sport was prevalent . However , following the growing popularity of mixed martial arts in the United States , and its later nationwide mainstream acceptance , the company became the largest MMA-related merchandise company in the world , accruing revenues of over $ 22.5 million . In March 2015 , the company was relaunched following its joint-ventured acquisition by pro-wrestling company WWE , and development firm Authentic Brands Group . The venture saw the former MMA-related brand transformed into a more general `` lifestyle fitness '' one . The apparel , for men and women , is expected to be released in spring of 2016 . Throughout 2015 , WWE marketed the brand through various products , including beverages , supplements and gyms . WWE will hold a 50 % stake in the brand , and so will advertise it regularly across all its platforms , hoping to give it one billion impressions a month , and attempting to rival sports-clothing giant , Under Armour . All employees and students of the WWE Performance Center will also wear the clothing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "532356e0c668f944bfd340dc0751bd9f", "text": "Two to One Two to One is Thelma Houston 's seventh studio album released on Motown Records in June 1978 . It was her second duets album with Jerry Butler , composed of only two left-over duets from their Thelma & Jerry album from the previous year , `` If It Would Never End '' , `` Never Gon na Get Enough '' and `` Elliot Willensky '' , padded out with previously unreleased solo recordings by each singer , Houston 's `` Find a Way '' , `` I 'm Not Strong Enough to Love You Again '' and `` Do n't Pity Me '' , while Butler 's tracks included `` We Owe It to Ourselves '' , `` Never Gon na Get Enough '' and `` Chicago Send Her Home '' . The album failed to chart . It was released on CD in 2013 as a 2-LPs-on-1-CD package with the Thelma & Jerry album .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "942fe16f4fd209b1ae38023f78088c8c", "text": "Al Haymon Alan Haymon ( born April 21 , 1955 ) is an American boxing adviser/manager . He is the adviser to Floyd Mayweather , Jr. and has twice won the Boxing Writers of America Manager of the Year Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a14f99c0471bbc96e617684c28157b0", "text": "Mel B Melanie Janine Brown ( born 29 May 1975 ) , better known as Mel B or Melanie B , is an English singer , songwriter , presenter , television personality , dancer , actress , author , and model . Brown rose to fame as a member of the girl group the Spice Girls , in which she became known as Scary Spice . Brown is also known for supporting girl power and earlier global tours , which grossed an estimated $ 500 -- 800 million between 1996 and 2000 . Brown began her solo career when she released `` I Want You Back '' with Missy Elliott on Virgin Records . The single charted at number one on the UK Singles Chart , followed by the release of her debut album , Hot ( 2000 ) . The album also saw the release of two top 10 singles `` Tell Me '' and `` Feels So Good '' . L.A. State of Mind was Brown 's second studio album , released in 2005 on the independent label Amber Café , which saw the release of one single , `` Today '' in June that year . In mid-2012 , Brown announced a return to her solo recording career with the release of her third studio album by signing with EMI Music Australia . The scope of the deal with EMI office includes concessions for global partnering with EMI . The first single from the album , `` For Once in My Life '' was released in September 2013 , becoming Brown 's first record to be released after eight years . Since 2000 , Brown has concentrated on a variety of non-singing projects . She became the presenter of shows such as This Is My Moment , Top of the Pops , Party in the Park and The All Star Animal Awards . In September 2007 , she became a contestant on the fifth season of the American dance competition , Dancing with the Stars ; in which she placed runner-up overall partnered with Maksim Chmerkovskiy . Brown returned to television work becoming a judge for the Australian version of The X Factor from 2011 to 2012 , replacing Kyle Sandilands and having previously been a celebrity mentor on the show in 2010 . In June 2012 , she was a guest judge during the Manchester auditions for the ninth series of The X Factor UK , as one of the temporary replacements for Kelly Rowland ; before the role eventually went to Nicole Scherzinger . She later joined The X Factor UK for its eleventh series in 2014 . During this time she became the female co-host for Dancing with the Stars Australia , in which she hosted the twelfth season alongside Daniel MacPherson . However , Brown resigned from the show and did not return for the thirteenth season in 2013 . In February that year , she officially signed on to become one of the four judges for the variety talent show America 's Got Talent , replacing Sharon Osbourne from the eighth season onwards . On 1 February 2014 , she was revealed to be a coach on The Voice Kids in Australia , which aired in mid-2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063", "text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1f5f33808709ad8e10fd1f05fa9f0ca", "text": "This Is It (concerts) This Is It was a planned residency show of 50 concerts by Michael Jackson at the O2 Arena in London , scheduled to run from July 2009 to March 2010 . The shows were to be Jackson 's first major series of concerts since the HIStory World Tour finished in 1997 . With all concerts sold out , Jackson suffered a cardiac arrest and died less than three weeks before the first concert was scheduled to begin . Jackson announced This Is It at a press conference in the O2 Arena , stating that it would be his final series of concerts in London . AEG Live , the concert promoters , released a promotional video that took up an entire commercial break , setting a record for ITV . Initially only 10 concerts were announced , but following public demand 40 more concerts were added . Ticket sales broke several records and Jackson 's album sales increased following the announcement ; AEG Live estimated that the first 10 dates alone would have earned Jackson approximately # 50 million . In preparation for the concert series , Jackson had been collaborating with high-profile figures including fashion designer Christian Audigier , choreographer Kenny Ortega and bodybuilder Lou Ferrigno . Prior to Jackson 's death , Allgood Entertainment sued Jackson for $ 40 million , claiming that he had breached an exclusivity agreement with them by agreeing to the This Is It concerts . The case was dismissed . After Jackson 's death , AEG Live offered either refunds to ticket holders or a special `` souvenir '' ticket designed by Jackson . The cancelled shows , record-breaking ticket sales and potential for a world tour made This Is It `` the greatest concert -LSB- s -RSB- that never happened . '' Columbia Pictures acquired the footage of the rehearsals and released a concert film , Michael Jackson 's This Is It , accompanied by a compilation album of the same name .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf6b1a2412a634eb9d20875be7511df1", "text": "King of the Ring (1995) King of the Ring ( 1995 ) was the third annual King of the Ring professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) . It took place on June 25 , 1995 , at the CoreStates Spectrum in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania . The main event was a tag team match in which WWF World Heavyweight Champion Diesel and Bam Bam Bigelow faced Tatanka and Sycho Sid . Diesel won the match by pinning Tatanka . The main matches on the undercard were Bret Hart versus Jerry Lawler in a `` Kiss My Foot '' match and the King of the Ring Final as Mabel faced Savio Vega .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a8ffb7ce9c42d7a428fda7583f9d44e0", "text": "Ashanti (singer) Ashanti Shequoiya Douglas ( born October 13 , 1980 ) , known simply as Ashanti , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , dancer and actress . Ashanti is known for her eponymous debut album , which featured the hit song `` Foolish '' , and sold over 505,000 copies in its first week of release throughout the U.S. in April 2002 . In 2003 , the self-titled debut album won Ashanti her first Grammy Award for Best Contemporary R&B album . Her second release achieved a platinum certification and other top 10 singles . Ashanti wrote and sang background on Jennifer Lopez 's `` Ai n't It Funny ( Murder Remix ) '' , which reached number one on Billboard Hot 100 , which was also in the top 10 chart at the same time as `` Foolish '' , `` Always on Time '' ( with Ja Rule ) , and `` What 's Luv ? '' ( with Fat Joe ) . Later that year , she was acclaimed as the `` Princess Of Hip-Hop & R&B '' by her label and capped off her successful debut by winning eight Billboard awards and two American Music Awards . Ashanti cites Whitney Houston , Janet Jackson , Prince , Madonna , Tupac Shakur , Mary J. Blige , Ella Fitzgerald , Smokey Robinson , Donna Summer , and Blue Magic as her musical influences . Since 2013 , she is currently working on her own publishing company titled Written Entertainment .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2647a740e52bfd43b9ad4a7e91142919", "text": "Chaka Khan Chaka Khan ( born Yvette Marie Stevens , March 23 , 1953 ) is an American recording artist whose career has spanned five decades , beginning in the 1970s as the frontwoman and focal point of the funk band Rufus . Widely known as the Queen of Funk , Khan has won ten Grammys and has sold an estimated 70 million records worldwide . Khan was ranked at number 17 in VH1 's original list of the 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll . In 2015 , she was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the second time ; she was previously nominated as member of Rufus in 2011 . Khan was the first R&B artist to have a crossover hit featuring a rapper , with `` I Feel for You '' in 1984 . In the course of her solo career , Khan has achieved three gold singles , three gold albums and one platinum album with I Feel for You . With Rufus , she achieved four gold singles , four gold albums , and two platinum albums . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her as the 65th most successful dance artist of all time .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1604c93555b9dbbad60a98c82e7b829", "text": "Sports marketing Sports marketing is a subdivision of marketing which focuses both on the promotion of sports events and teams as well as the promotion of other products and services through sporting events and sports teams . It is a service in which the element promoted can be a physical product or a brand name . The goal is to provide the client with strategies to promote the sport or to promote something other than sport through sports . Sport marketing is also designed to meet the needs and wants of the consumer through exchange processes . These strategies follow the traditional four `` P '' 's of general marketing Product , Price , Promotion and Place , another four `` P '' 's are added to sport marketing , relating to the fact sports are considered to be a service . The additional 4 P 's are : Planning , Packaging , Positioning and Perception . The addition of the four extra elements is called the `` sport marketing mix . '' Sports marketing is an element of sports promotion which involves a wide variety of sectors of the sport industry including broadcasting , advertising , social media , digital platforms , ticket sales , and community relations . Sports marketing is divided into three sectors . The first is the advertising of sport and sports associations such as the Olympics , Spanish Football league and the NFL , as well as sport teams like Real Madrid and the New York Yankees . The second concerns the use of sporting events , sporting teams and individual athletes to promote various products . The third category is the promotion of sport to the public in order to increase participation . In the first case , the promotion is directly related to sports . In the second case , the products can but do not have to be directly related to sports . When the promotion is about sports in general , the use of this kind of strategy is called `` Marketing of Sports . '' When the promotion is not about the sports but sports events , athletes , teams or leagues are used to promote different products , the marketing strategy is denominated `` Marketing through sports . '' When the promotion is about increasing participation among the public , it is called `` Grassroots Sports Marketing . '' To promote the products or services , the companies and associations use different channels such as sponsorships of teams or athletes , television or radio advertisement during the different broadcast sports events and celebrations , and/or advertisement on sporting venues . `` Street marketing of sport '' considers sport marketing through billboards on the street and also through urban elements ( street lighters and sidewalks , etc. ) to help promote and gain publicity during major worldwide sporting events such as the Football World Cup , the Olympic Games , or the Super Bowl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72210faa77c86b14c4ca33c37f7a9a3c", "text": "Trippin' (Total song) `` Trippin ' '' is a song by American R&B girl group Total , released as the first single from their second studio album Kima , Keisha , and Pam ( 1998 ) . It was also their second release working with production/writing duo Missy Elliott & Timbaland , after What About Us ? , although Timbaland this time provided only co-production and instrumentation , with the pairs ' longtime collaborator Darryl Pearson instead handling main production with Elliott . Elliott was also often given a `` featuring '' credit ( likely to create increased publicity for the track ) despite only providing background vocals and spoken word to the song . The track was by far the group 's biggest hit , peaking at number seven on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number three on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . The song was released with the Puff Daddy , Harve Pierre & Mario Winans Remix as the main version with regards to the singles ' cover and track listings . This remix featured a re-arranged version of the original lyrics , heavily sampled LL Cool J 's `` 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 '' and DMX ( who also appeared on the sampled track ) provided rap vocals . Both the original version ( listed as `` PD Mix '' ) and another main remix ( a similar , stripped-down version : the `` Missy Mix '' ) were also featured . Radio stations and the video however , simply censored the album version/PD Mix and a video for the remix was not shot .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3e2bca28204e2f88b7ce6466a41b1364", "text": "Reunion (The Temptations album) Reunion is a 1982 album by The Temptations for Gordy Records . The album was released during the 1982 Temptations Reunion tour , which reunited David Ruffin and Eddie Kendricks with the Temptations after a decade-long absence . The album also features then-current Temptations Dennis Edwards , Glenn Leonard , Richard Street , and founding members Otis Williams and Melvin Franklin . Reunion featured the hit single `` Standing on the Top '' , produced by and featuring Motown funk star Rick James , who had previously used the Temptations as the background vocalists for his 1981 hit `` Super Freak '' . The Reunion tour , which began in April 1982 was only partially successful . Ruffin , a cocaine addict , missed several shows , causing the group to be fined thousands of dollars for each performance he missed , and Eddie Kendricks ' falsetto voice had weakened due to constant smoking . Group leader Otis Williams decided that the reunion would not be a permanent thing , and fired Ruffin and Kendricks shortly after Christmas 1982 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5fe4e1f6a3ab15b08ee670ddaffa6dd3", "text": "Ultimate Soccer Manager Ultimate Soccer Manager or USM is a association football management video game serie for MS-DOS , Commodore Amiga and Windows 95 , produced by Impressions and distributed by Sierra from 1995 to 1999 . The game was a massive hit in Europe ( except in Germany , where it was worse received due to some similarities with managers produced by local software houses such as Software 2000 and Ascaron ) , although it gained little support in Japan . The series was noted for its micromanagement , where the player had to do the job of the team manager and much of that of the chairman , from player training up to bank balance management . Other well-known features were to bung an opposing team for preferential market treatment , rig or betting on the outcome of the players ' team matches . Interviews after the match where some answers were printed with different interpretations on the next days ' newspaper ( the player could reply a question about the game with `` It was a game of two halves '' , and `` He amazed us after the game by giving us an insight into the rules of football '' would be printed on the newspapers ) . In all three games , the game always kept the same visual style : the main screen is a bird 's eye view of the stadium facility ( where clicking on the grass brings the squad selection screen or in the stands for the stadium builder ) and all screens are presented like the player was inside an office ( TCM 2004 used a similar interface option ) . To increase the feeling of `` being there '' , tables are accessed via teletext , news from a newspaper and fixtures are available by clicking on a sheet attached on a clipboard . While improving with each game , most features were the same from the start of the series . The game compared favourably in all areas but AI against its leading competitor , Championship Manager . While similar in name , it has no relations with Ultimate Soccer .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5", "text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35135752f05f1abad707747515aa83a3", "text": "Mauro Di Pasquale Mauro G. Di Pasquale , B.Sc. , MD , MRO , MFS is a world champion powerlifter , bodybuilding author and columnist . Di Pasquale was an assistant professor at the University of Toronto from 1988 to 1998 . He lectured and researched on athletic performance , nutritional supplements and drug use in sports . He holds an honors degree in biological science , majoring in molecular biochemistry ( 1968 ) , and a medical degree ( 1971 ) - both from the University of Toronto . Di Pasquale is certified as a Medical Review Officer ( MRO ) by the Medical Review Officer Certification Council ( MROCC ) . He was the MRO for the National Association for Stock Car Auto Racing ( NASCAR ) . From 1997 to 1999 Di Pasquale was involved in writing , research and product development for Experimental and Applied Sciences ( EAS ) . As a bodybuilding author , Di Pasquale has written thousands of articles for many large bodybuilding and fitness magazines such as Muscle & Fitness and Iron Man . He has also written several books on bodybuilding related topics such as bodybuilding nutrition and performance-enhancing drugs . Impressed by the way Di Pasquale would monitor steroid use in the bodybuilding industry , World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) owner Vince McMahon hired him in June 1992 to monitor the company 's new drug testing program ; at this time , McMahon was facing criminal charges for allegedly supplying steroids to some of his wrestlers in a manner that violated federal law and was hoping to regain public confidence . While working with the WWF , Di Pasquale took a hardline approach and ensured that anyone who failed a drug test would leave the company ; such an example showed when WWF wrestler The Ultimate Warrior failed a drug test in September 1992 . His firm policy towards steroid use earned him the nickname `` Mr. Steroid Hunter . ''", "title": "" } ]
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6f8c54aa5c794b56d827d7a633806e99
Ava DuVernay is a film distributor and marketer.
[ { "docid": "957377bc22134429195a9b46b1d8c217", "text": "Ava DuVernay Ava Marie DuVernay ( -LSB- ˈeɪvə_ˌdjuːvərˈneɪ -RSB- born August 24 , 1972 ) is an American director , screenwriter , film marketer , and film distributor . At the 2012 Sundance Film Festival , DuVernay won the Best Director Prize for her second feature film Middle of Nowhere , becoming the first African-American woman to win the award . For her work in Selma ( 2014 ) , DuVernay was the first black female director to be nominated for a Golden Globe Award . With Selma , she was also the first black female director to have her film nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture , though she was not nominated for Best Director . In 2017 , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature for her film 13th ( 2016 ) . DuVernay 's next film , A Wrinkle in Time , reportedly has a budget exceeding $ 100 million , making DuVernay the first black woman to direct a live-action film with a budget of that size .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e967021cd8d591e7cd54d3534b0d3373", "text": "Dualstar Dualstar Entertainment Group , LLC is a privately held American limited liability company owned by Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen , which produced movies , TV shows , magazines , video games , etc. . Dualstar was based in Los Angeles , California . In 2004 , the company released New York Minute , the Olsen twins ' first theatrical film since 1995 's It Takes Two . The film was a box office bomb and suffered negative critical reception . Its failure led to the company struggling to keep up operations . In 2007 , the company fell into dormancy . The company was later revived in 2013 for a series of fragrances .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "623fbb01c254f1721d29c2bdad9db23e", "text": "Ava Lord Ava Lord is a fictional character in Frank Miller 's Sin City universe , the title character in the graphic novel A Dame to Kill For . An ex-lover of Dwight McCarthy , she manipulates men with her good looks and an innocent facade for her own personal gain or amusement . An expert liar , she is considered a goddess by Manute , her towering manservant , and a `` manipulative bitch '' by Dwight . She represents the classic femme fatale , acting as a foil to Dwight 's hard-boiled antihero .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238", "text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b", "text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bb3c879e696130288da20a8491dd82f", "text": "Sugo Music Group Sugo Music Group is a San Francisco based music and video distribution , manufacturing , marketing , and sales company that works with independent artists , labels , and other music content providers under Sony Music and The Orchard . It serves distribution under The Orchard a subsidiary of Sony Music to distribute content through various channels , music stores , big box retailers , gift shops , wholesalers , TV , Internet and mobile . The company offers its technical , marketing , and distribution services to a wide range of independent artists and labels from all genres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5c89b49d315f3071f60475f8acc5fdef", "text": "Influencer marketing Influencer marketing ( also influence marketing ) is a form of marketing in which focus is placed on specific key individuals ( or types of individual ) rather than the target market as a whole . It identifies the individuals that have influence over potential buyers , and orients marketing activities around these influencers . Influencer content may be framed as testimonial advertising where they play the role of a potential buyer themselves , or they may be third parties . These third parties exist either in the supply chain ( retailers , manufacturers , etc. ) or may be so-called value-added influencers ( such as journalists , academics , industry analysts , professional advisers , and so on ) . The idea of a `` two-step flow of communication '' was introduced in The People 's Choice ( Paul Lazarsfeld , Bernard Berelson , and Hazel Gaudet , a 1940 study on the decision making process of voters . This idea was further developed in `` Personal Influence '' ( Lazarsfeld , Elihu Katz 1955 ) and `` The Effects of Mass Communication '' ( Joseph Klapper 1960 ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "278ece139dbdb4ab85d886617f299f0d", "text": "Bac films BAC Films is a French Film production and distribution company based in Paris and founded by Jean Labadie , Éric Heumann and Stéphane Sorlat in 1986 . In 1988 , Vivendi took first a 10 % , then a 20 % stake in the capital of the company and allowed Bac Films to make major and ambitious acquisitions . The success story started in 1990 with Sailor et Lula , Palme d'or at the Cannes Film Festival . The releases of Barton Fink and Tous les matins du monde in 1991 , Indochine and Le Zèbre in 1992 , La Leçon de piano in 1993 placed BAC Film at the top of independent film distribution in France . In 1994 , Bac Films started diversifying its activity with the creation of Les Écrans de Paris , in association with Simon Simsi . In 1997 , the movie theater business is created under the name of Majestic and the group undergoes a reorganization around the Alicar holding : Bac Films ( distribution ) , Majestic ( movie theaters ) and Séance Privée ( special events ) . In 1998 , BAC Films sets up Mars Films allowing BAC Films to distribute its numerous acquisitions . In 2000 , the group is introduced on the stock market under the name BAC Majestic . Two years later BAC Majestic goes through a major financial crisis and is forced to give up its movie theater business . In 2003 , Millimages takes a majority stake in the company . Jean Labadie , founder of the company is ousted in 2007 and Roch Lener becomes the Chief Executive Officer . In October 2013 , the company is sold again and David Grumbach becomes the new Chairman . The catalogue consists of a vast range of French and foreign titles . Since its creation , BAC Films distributed more than of which 8 received the Palme d'or at the Cannes Film Festival .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670", "text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0b86a61b05084c5f57648b29c996674d", "text": "Camelot Entertainment Group Camelot Entertainment Group , Inc. ( `` CMGR '' ) , is a public company based in Irvine , California with three subsidiaries : Camelot Films , Camelot Distribution Group , including DarKnight Pictures , and Camelot Studio Group . Camelot is in the process of rebuilding its production and distribution subsidiaries as it continues to work on its Studio Group developments . As of February 1 , 2017 , Camelot is working toward filing a new S-1 Registration Statement in order to regain its fully reporting status and resume trading . The company has not traded since July 23 , 2013 , when it was unable to complete its annual and quarterly filing requirements due to lack of funding . In the interim , the company has divested itself of most of the titles it was representing for distribution as part of an overall restructuring . In addition to divesting the film library acquired in 2010 , the company has now worked through most of the prior legal issues that arose from the acquisition of the library and is now in a position to move forward with its S-1 Registration . Going forward , Camelot will focus on acquiring and producing content through its Camelot Films subsidiary , direct to consumer ( `` DTC '' ) digital distribution domestically as it rebuilds its foreign sales operations through its Camelot Distribution Group subsidiary , and the launch of its long planned Camelot Studio Group facility .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9e8f29c493670df2eeeb80a1ab4c067b", "text": "CineTel Films CineTel Films Inc. is an independent film production company and distributor based in West Hollywood , California .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "418253513a117f7e21f5fb36fb53441c", "text": "Adult movie theater An adult movie theatre is a euphemistic term for a movie theatre designed only for the exhibition of pornographic films . Adult movie theatres show pornographic films primarily for either a respectively heterosexual or homosexual audience . For the patrons , rules are generally less strict regarding partial - or full-nudity and public masturbation or sex , and such behavior may be condoned explicitly or otherwise by the management . Such behavior may or may not be legal , and if not , may or may not be overlooked by local law enforcement . Certain theaters may also include a stripshow or sex show between films , or other sex industry services . Before the VCR and , later , the internet , a movie theatre or cinema house was often the only location where people could see hard-core erotic films . The spread of home videos has led to a drastic reduction in the number of adult theatres .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7a3fc8786895e87624acbf774f04f73e", "text": "Film poster A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film . Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and international markets . They normally contain an image with text . Today 's posters often feature photographs of the main actors . Prior to the 1990s , illustrations instead of photos were far more common . The text on film posters usually contains the film title in large lettering and often the names of the main actors . It may also include a tagline , the name of the director , names of characters , the release date , etc. . Film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters , and elsewhere on the street or in shops . The same images appear in the film exhibitor 's pressbook and may also be used on websites , DVD ( and historically VHS ) packaging , flyers , advertisements in newspapers and magazines , etc. . Film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film . They began as outside placards listing the programme of ( short ) films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater . By the early 1900s , they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes . Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film , represented in a wide variety of artistic styles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b43fb69f2da6f1fb4032fc810f21aa77", "text": "Alchemy (company) Alchemy ( formerly Millennium Entertainment ) was an American independent global film distributor based in Los Angeles , California . The company acquired and distributed feature films , television series and specialty programming . Its former staff includes marketing and distribution specialist Brooke Ford and Andy Gruenberg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "29c8e2f4a5043af973a44c79b8e6a52e", "text": "1975 Deauville American Film Festival The 1st Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from September 3 to 7 , 1975 . It was created by French writer Lionel Chouchan and French journalist and television producer André Halimi , which they described as '' ( to ) show films that only a few privileged - amazed or astonished -- people had discovered , in New York or Los Angeles , to French audiences , without exclusion , barriers or bias '' . It occurs every year since its creation at the end of the summer . They received funding from French entrepreneur and businessman Lucien Barrière 's group and mayor of Deauville at that time , Michel d'Ornano . The festival was non-competitive in nature and remained so until 1995 . It screened 12 feature films at three different sites , International Centre ( 1,500 seats ) , the Casino ( 700 vehicles ) and the Cinéma Morny ( two rooms of 271 and 99 seats ) . Initially the festival was attended by locals but with passing years its popularity increased and attracted international attention . The festival also highlighted the best of American cinematography .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f00c8cf03d817f717e66c50cb422c89d", "text": "Cinedigm Cinedigm ( or Cinedigm Corp. ) is a North American entertainment company , headquartered in Los Angeles , California . Cinedigm is engaged in digital cinema , software , and content marketing and distribution . Cinedigm is an independent content distributor in the United States , with a library of 50,000 films and TV episodes , and direct relationships with over 60,000 physical stores and digital retailers , including Wal-Mart , Best Buy , Target , iTunes , Netflix , and Amazon , as well as the national video on demand platform on cable television . In addition , the company offers content marketing and distribution services in theatrical and ancillary home entertainment markets to alternative and independent movie content owners , as well as to theatrical exhibitors .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081", "text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "285dbf39dd5c4bd071268f6cc787089f", "text": "Lionsgate Home Entertainment Lionsgate Home Entertainment ( formerly Lions Gate Films Home Entertainment and Lions Gate Home Entertainment ) is the home video distribution arm of Lionsgate .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a96fed149591ca6f0cff27eb1f1498bd", "text": "List of accolades received by Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film directed by Jean-Marc Vallée based on a screenplay written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack . Matthew McConaughey stars as Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient who smuggles unapproved AIDS drug treatments into Texas and establishes the titular club where he distributes them amongst other AIDS sufferers whilst opposed by the Food and Drug Administration . Jared Leto and Jennifer Garner feature in supporting roles . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 7 , 2013 . Focus Features initially gave the film a limited release at nine theaters on November 1 before expanding it on November 22 to over 600 theaters in the United States and Canada . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 55 million on a production budget of $ 5 million . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 234 reviews and judged 94 % to be positive . Dallas Buyers Club garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for the performances of actors , McConaughey and Leto . At the 86th Academy Awards , the film received six nominations , including Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , Best Actor for McConaughey , and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . McConaughey and Leto went on to win their respective categories -- only the fifth film in Oscars history to win both awards . Hairstylist Adruitha Lee , and makeup artist Robin Mathews won for Best Makeup and Hairstyling . Mathews ' makeup budget for the film was only $ 250 . At the 71st Golden Globe Awards , McConaughey won for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama , and Leto won for Best Supporting Actor -- Motion Picture . At the Screen Actors Guild Awards the film had three nominations ; winning Best Actor for McConaughey and Best Supporting Actor for Leto . Borten and Wallack 's screenplay was also nominated for Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards . The National Board of Review named Dallas Buyers Club one of the top ten independent films of 2013 .", "title": "" } ]
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abaa1dd92104952e5218d04a384469da
Brock Lesnar fought against a South Korean professional mixed martial artist.
[ { "docid": "6086133662698ae6eff97671728d561e", "text": "Brock Lesnar Brock Edward Lesnar ( -LSB- ˈlɛznər -RSB- born July 12 , 1977 ) is an American professional wrestler and former mixed martial artist , amateur wrestler , and professional American football player . He is signed with WWE , where he performs on the Raw brand and is the current WWE Universal Champion in his first reign . After his successful amateur wrestling career at Bismarck State College and the University of Minnesota , Lesnar signed with WWE ( then the World Wrestling Federation ) in 2000 . He was assigned to its developmental promotion Ohio Valley Wrestling ( OVW ) , where he was a three-time OVW Southern Tag Team Champion with Shelton Benjamin . After debuting on WWE 's main roster in 2002 , he won the WWE Championship on three separate occasions with victories over The Rock and Kurt Angle ( twice ) . Lesnar won the then WWE Undisputed Championship five months after his main roster debut at the age of 25 , becoming the youngest champion in the title 's history . He was also the 2002 King of the Ring and the 2003 Royal Rumble winner , making him the youngest King of the Ring and Royal Rumble winner as well . Following his match with Goldberg at WrestleMania XX , Lesnar left the WWE and pursued a career in the National Football League ( NFL ) . He was named a defensive tackle for the Minnesota Vikings , but was cut prior to the start of the 2004 -- 2005 season . In 2005 , Lesnar returned to professional wrestling and signed with New Japan Pro-Wrestling ( NJPW ) , where he won the IWGP Heavyweight Championship in his first match . After a contractual dispute with NJPW , he also wrestled as IWGP Heavyweight Champion in the Inoki Genome Federation ( IGF ) . In 2006 , Lesnar pursued a career in mixed martial arts ( MMA ) , as he signed with Hero 's and won his first fight , against Min-Soo Kim , in June 2007 . He then signed with the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) the following October . Lesnar lost in his UFC debut against Frank Mir and then won his second fight against Heath Herring . In November 2008 , Lesnar defeated Randy Couture to become the UFC Heavyweight Champion . Shortly after a successful title defense in a rematch with Mir , Lesnar was sidelined due to diverticulitis . He would return at UFC 116 to defeat Interim UFC Heavyweight Champion Shane Carwin and unify the heavyweight championships , becoming the Undisputed Heavyweight Champion in the process . Lesnar then lost the championship to Cain Velasquez at UFC 121 . In 2011 , he was once again sidelined due to diverticulitis and underwent surgery . Lesnar returned at UFC 141 in December , losing to Alistair Overeem and promptly retiring from MMA . Lesnar was a box office sensation in UFC , as he took part in a some of the best selling pay-per-view events in UFC history , including UFC 100 and UFC 116 . In April 2012 , Lesnar once again returned to professional wrestling , rejoining WWE after an eight-year hiatus . Two years later , at WrestleMania XXX , Lesnar defeated The Undertaker to end his undefeated streak at WrestleMania . He achieved world champion status twice since his return , having won the then WWE World Heavyweight Championship in 2014 and the WWE Universal Championship in 2017 . Lesnar has been managed by Paul Heyman throughout the majority of his professional wrestling career . In June 2016 at UFC 199 , the UFC announced that Lesnar would return to MMA to fight at UFC 200 . His opponent was later revealed to be Mark Hunt . Lesnar would defeat Hunt via unanimous decision . However , after Lesnar tested positive for clomiphene , a banned substance on the UFC 's anti-doping policy , he was suspended from competing in the UFC by the Nevada State Athletic Commission for one year , fined $ 250,000 and his victory over Hunt was overturned to a no-contest . Lesnar then retired from MMA for a second time in 2017 . Lesnar is a five-time world champion in WWE , a one-time heavyweight champion in the UFC , a one-time heavyweight champion in NJPW , and a one-time heavyweight wrestling champion in the NCAA , the only person in history to win a championship in each of those organizations . He has headlined numerous pay-per-view events for both the WWE and UFC , including WrestleMania XIX , WrestleMania 31 , UFC 100 and UFC 116 . In 2015 , an ESPN.com article referred to Lesnar as `` the most accomplished athlete in professional wrestling history '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "06185176a95f4e28cc2bfab76058bfdc", "text": "Kim Min-soo (judoka) Kim Min-soo ( born January 22 , 1975 ) is a South Korean former judoka , professional mixed martial artist and K-1 kickboxer . He is best known for becoming a K-1 World Grand Prix 2006 Finalist and also winning the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta earning a Silver Medal in Judo . He is best known for his fights with current WWE professional wrestler and former UFC Heavyweight Champion and veteran Brock Lesnar , former WWE wrestler and K-1 fighter Sean O'Haire and former NFL football player turned K-1 kickboxer and New Japan Pro Wrestling contender Bob Sapp . Min-soo holds a notable kickboxing win over former UFC fighter Scott Junk . He announced his retirement from contact sports in 2011 with brief stints as color commentator for Japanese and Korean mixed martial arts and professional wrestling events . Kim is also the Judo head coach for Korean Top Team .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "9aece3bc30390c693e4091757d2a1249", "text": "Tito Ortiz Jacob Christopher `` Tito '' Ortiz ( / ˈtiːtoʊ ɔɹˈtiːz / born January 23 , 1975 ) is an American retired mixed martial artist . In the MMA world , he is known for his stint with the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , where he is a former Light Heavyweight Champion , having held the title from April 14 , 2000 to September 26 , 2003 . Along with fighters like Randy Couture and Chuck Liddell , he was one of the sports early stars . Ortiz ultimately became the biggest pay-per-view draw of 2006 for his fights with Liddell , Forrest Griffin , and Ken Shamrock . Outside of his fighting career , Ortiz is the CEO of the Punishment Athletics MMA equipment and clothing line . He also owns an MMA training gym called Punishment Training Center , which is located in his hometown of Huntington Beach , California . On July 7 , 2012 , Ortiz became the ninth inductee into the UFC Hall of Fame .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0ebefe6e354fa832eac12927cbf85f83", "text": "Magnus Cedenblad Magnus Cedenblad ( born April 10 , 1982 ) is a Swedish mixed martial artist who competes in the middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1f52339bcc9844788d2e4734a61f57c8", "text": "Park Yong-soo Yong Soo Park is a South Korean Tae Kwon Do practitioner who has fought professionally in K-1 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab7624e0cf929894e42ca9a36e6b2b90", "text": "Jason Reinhardt Jason Reinhardt ( born October 31 , 1969 ) is an American mixed martial artist . A professional MMA competitor since 2000 , Reinhardt fought in regional promotions before signing with Zuffa in 2007 . He fights out of the Wand Fight Team based in Las Vegas , Nevada , by way of Decatur , Illinois .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c6b5533f04b4e4adfa1ff5c141c840c2", "text": "Jesus Martinez (fighter) Jesus Martinez ( born December 26 , 1983 ) is an American mixed martial artist who competes in Bellator 's welterweight division .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7c619189d82abda8f4dfd666c9710e6", "text": "Casey Olson Casey Olson is an American mixed martial arts fighter currently competing in the lightweight division .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "38d757a085f1b136ffbc77d4c08b5114", "text": "Dustin Jacoby Dustin Jacoby ( born April 4 , 1988 ) is an American mixed martial artist and kickboxer . In kickboxing , he has competed for GLORY , and in MMA , he has competed for the UFC , Bellator , World Series of Fighting , and Titan FC . He has fought as both a Light Heavyweight and a Middleweight . As of 1 May 2017 , he is ranked the # 10 middleweight in the world by Combat Press .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c667e927943b7f9994a4451607f36cd5", "text": "Daijiro Matsui Daijiro Matsui ( born December 5 , 1972 in Okayama ) is a Japanese mixed martial artist and professional wrestler . He currently competes in the Middleweight division but has also fought as a Light Heavyweight . Although he is perhaps best known for his numerous appearances in the Pride Fighting Championships , Matsui has also appeared in other well-known organizations such as Pancrase , King of the Cage , DEEP , and the Cage Rage Championships .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ca444d5cfe9a3094bf0c5b74e48e7c0d", "text": "Choi Doo-ho Choi Doo-Ho ( born April 6 , 1991 ) , often anglicized to Dooho Choi or Doo Ho Choi , is a South Korean mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Ultimate Fighting Championship in their Featherweight division . As of March 2017 , Choi is ranked # 12 in the official UFC featherweight rankings .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594", "text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ed6c8f1e4f45b7f957c6d117573297d", "text": "Sumie Sakai is a Japanese professional wrestler and mixed martial artist . She currently resides in the United States , appearing with professional wrestling promotions in the northeastern United States such as Women 's Extreme Wrestling and Chikara .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7123e773519587c292f966792e3b6991", "text": "LC Davis La Carvas Rashad Davis ( born October 28 , 1980 ) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Bantamweight division of Bellator MMA . A professional competitor since 2006 , Davis has also formerly competed for the Quad Cities Silverbacks in the IFL , Affliction Entertainment , Titan FC , and the WEC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1d5a15b24621eedb38355d57e37185c7", "text": "The Ultimate Fighter: Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos The Ultimate Fighter : Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos is the thirteenth installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter . The UFC and Spike TV held open tryouts on November 4 , 2010 , in Las Vegas , Nevada . The casting call went out for Welterweight and Middleweight fighters , however , all fighters will be in the welterweight division . All fighters applying and trying out for the show must have at least three professional fights and be at least 21 years of age . Notables who turned up to the tryouts included Strikeforce veterans Karl Amoussou , Andre Galvao , and Zak Cummings , and former TUF contestants Frank Lester and Jeremiah Riggs . It was confirmed during the Fight For The Troops 2 conference call that Brock Lesnar and Junior dos Santos would be the coaches for this season . This season did not feature an elimination round like the two seasons before it , however , the `` wild card '' selections introduced in season 11 were still featured . The initial cast was 14 fighters rather than the usual 16 , 28 or 32 in recent seasons . On May 12 , 2011 , midway through the airing of the season , Dana White announced that Brock Lesnar pulled out of the coaches ' fight due to the return of diverticulitis , forcing Lesnar to withdraw from the bout .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1a5f1b93ddb46e63fa5c5c63b1c878d8", "text": "Clifford Starks Clifford Bernard Starks ( born April 25 , 1981 ) is an American mixed martial artist who competes in the Middleweight division for the World Series of Fighting . A professional competitor since 2009 , he has formerly competed for the UFC , Bellator , and Shark Fights .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d461968a76125580356540ba6e0926ca", "text": "Lee Seung-hoon (boxer) Lee Seung-hoon ( Hangul : 이승훈 , Hanja : 李承勳 ; born July 26 , 1960 in Cheongwon , Chungcheongbuk-do , South Korea ) is a former boxer from South Korea .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1e4ca4ef80c2d71713352539b53de756", "text": "Anthony Morrison Anthony Morrison ( born March 29 , 1984 ) is an American professional mixed martial artist . Anthony Morrison formerly competed in the Featherweight division of Bellator MMA . A professional competitor since 2004 , Morrison has also formerly competed for the WEC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c28095586c4569b543253da37d4c7d52", "text": "El Gran Luchadore El Gran Luchadore is the name of a masked Mexican professional wrestling character in World Wrestling Entertainment , seen on its SmackDown ! brand in 2004 . El Gran Luchadore ( loosely translated from Spanish to `` The Great Fighter/Wrestler , '' `` Luchadore '' is also an incorrect spelling , luchador is the correct spelling ) was mainly used as a jobber gimmick to put over other wrestlers . The first WWE wrestler to wrestle as the El Gran Luchadore was Paul London on April 22 , 2004 in a squash match against John Bradshaw Layfield ( JBL ) , Paul Heyman convinced Bradshaw to accept a match with the `` Mexican Heavyweight Champion '' after hearing that El Gran Luchadore punked out Bradshaw at an airport . Next up was Shannon Moore on July 8 , 2004 , billed as the `` champion of Mexico '' , would face WWE Champion JBL in a champion vs. champion match ( no titles on the line ) . A second squash match for JBL took an unexpected turn when El Gran Luchadore pulled a switcharoo with Eddie Guerrero ( in El Gran 's costume ) who came back fighting . When JBL finally clued that it was Guerrero , he ran away from the ring getting counted out in the process , allowing El Gran Luchadore to pick up his first victory . The next appearance of El Gran Luchadore was on July 15 , 2004 edition of SmackDown ! . During a Steel Cage match between Guerrero and JBL which saw both men sat on top of the Cage , exchanging punches until El Gran Luchadore ran down and climbed into the cage . This El Gran Luchadore held Eddie Guerrero 's leg , allowing Bradshaw to climb down the side of the cage to win . After the match El Gran Luchadore tried to get out of the locked door , but then decided to climb out the way he came in . Eddie Guerrero got to his feet and climbed up the cage struggling to get him back into the cage . Luchadore was able to get away , but in the struggle Guerrero pulled the mask off of him , revealing him to be the supposedly injured Kurt Angle .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "48468acad76907833f8ce6c015739173", "text": "Dan Hardy Daniel Mark `` Dan '' Hardy ( born 17 May 1982 ) is an English former mixed martial artist who fought in the welterweight division . During his professional MMA career starting in 2004 , Hardy fought in various promotions such as Cage Force and Cage Warriors before signing a contract with the Ultimate Fighting Championship in 2008 . He is currently an analyst and color commentator for the UFC .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7758ed5b365cb4800c21e695af2c3c57", "text": "UFC 141 UFC 141 : Lesnar vs. Overeem was a mixed martial arts pay-per-view event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on Friday December 30 , 2011 , at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ad69416b36b858ce6ee22ac7a99f10b1", "text": "Eiji Mizuno Eiji Mizuno is a Japanese mixed martial artist .", "title": "" } ]
fever
09eeea61649785ae8b8fd210c7428658
Akira Toriyama created an anime cartoon.
[ { "docid": "84bdedeeb599a15fbed5cbdd7a6f308e", "text": "Akira Toriyama is a Japanese manga and game artist . He first achieved mainstream recognition for his highly successful manga Dr. Slump , before going on to create Dragon Ball -- his best-known work -- and acting as a character designer for several popular video games such as the Dragon Quest series , Blue Dragon and Chrono Trigger . Toriyama is regarded as one of the artists that changed the history of manga , as his works are highly influential and popular , particularly Dragon Ball , which many manga artists cite as a source of inspiration . He earned the 1981 Shogakukan Manga Award for best shōnen or shōjo manga with Dr. Slump , and it went on to sell over 35 million copies in Japan . It was adapted into a successful anime series , with a second anime created in 1997 , 13 years after the manga ended . His next series , Dragon Ball , would become one of the most popular and successful manga in the world . Having sold more than 240 million copies worldwide , it is the second best-selling manga of all time and is considered to be one of the main reasons for the period when manga circulation was at its highest in the mid-1980s and mid-1990s . Overseas , Dragon Balls anime adaptations have been more successful than the manga and are credited with boosting anime 's popularity in the Western world .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e618c5a2ab7dfb7a5d977d57dc33dac7", "text": "Babel II is a 1971 manga series by Mitsuteru Yokoyama . It was translated into an animated format in 1973 as a television series , in 1992 as an original video animation series and in 2001 as a thirteen-episode television series . Yokoyama 's sequel to the series , set in a parallel universe , is entitled .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b59ce7b819a5a8fdf7e857b6016b5120", "text": "Dragon Ball Z: Wrath of the Dragon Dragon Ball Z : Wrath of the Dragon , known in Japan as , is the thirteenth Dragon Ball Z feature movie . It was originally released in Japan on July 15 , 1995 at the Toei Anime Fair . It was later dubbed into English by Funimation in 2006 , just like most of the other Dragon Ball films . It was also released on VCD in Malaysia by Speedy Video with the subtitle Explosion of Dragon Punch . Set after the events of the final battle with Majin Buu , the film focuses on the efforts of an evil magician , Hoi , to release the deadly monster Hirudegarn onto the Earth , forcing Goku and his friends to enlist the aid of a warrior named Tapion , who may be the only one capable of defeating the monster . Series creator Akira Toriyama designed the Tapion and Minoshia characters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5af4531f86084fc9ddce8b6fffbc907c", "text": "Doraemon (1979 anime) is an anime family comedy TV series created by Fujiko F. Fujio and based on the manga series of the same name . This anime is the successor of the 1973 anime . It premiered on April 2 , 1979 on TV Asahi . This Doraemon anime series is sometimes referred to in Asia as the Ōyama Edition , after Nobuyo Ōyama , the voice actress who voiced Doraemon in this series .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "20d931d2f7bf982a7f530815d9ed859a", "text": "Japan Animator Expo is a weekly series of original net animations released as part of a collaboration between Hideaki Anno 's Studio Khara and Dwango , consisting of various anime shorts produced by many directors . The project began release from November 7 , 2014 and is streamed worldwide on Niconico .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "62b69e00a466577baf7ec9f8c2c54859", "text": "Tsuchida Production is a defunct anime production company in Japan . After Osamu Tsuchida ( originally of Hōsō Dōga ) left Studio Yuni ( not to be confused with the anime background art company of the same name ) , he founded Tsuchida Production in 1976 to do animation , production , finish animation , and other contract work related to the production of anime . The company became well known after working on Captain Tsubasa in 1983 . However , when the Japanese economy went into a depression in the mid-1980s , Tsuchida Production collapsed into bankruptcy in July 1986 after being unable to reimburse its investors and various toy manufacturers with which it was working . Some of the employees went on to form Studio Comet .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "640d6e53097fdd64afef812987c0333e", "text": "Eat-Man is a Japanese manga series created by Akihito Yoshitomi in 1996 which was serialized by MediaWorks monthly in 19 volumes until 2002 manga magazine Dengeki Comic Gao ! . In 1997 Studio Deen adapted the manga into a 12 episode anime television series which was broadcast in Japan from January 9 to March 27 , 1997 on TV Tokyo . A sequel , Eat-Man ' 98 , was also animated by Studio Deen and ran from October 8 to December 23 , 1998 . Both anime series are licensed in North America by Bandai Entertainment and the manga series was licensed by Viz Communications before it was dropped .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "331bf4b848b96d56ba17ed2c423f755c", "text": "Akira Kojima is a manga artist from Ibaraki prefecture who works for Square Enix . He is best known for Mahoraba , which was published in Gangan WING and adapted as an anime television show broadcast on TV Tokyo . He often represented himself in Mahoraba as a monolith with eyes and limbs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "35484b15eeb7bbc385aa3ec5ebdb8d9b", "text": "Terror in Resonance , also known as Terror in Tokyo , is a Japanese anime television series produced by MAPPA . The anime was directed by Shinichirō Watanabe , with character designs by Kazuto Nakazawa and music by Yoko Kanno . The anime began airing on Fuji TV 's Noitamina block on July 10 , 2014 and its final episode aired on September 25 , 2014 . In total , it was made up of 11 episodes . Funimation acquired North American streaming rights and released an English dub on DVD on January 19 , 2016 . Anime Limited and Madman Entertainment acquired streaming rights for the UK and Australia , respectively . Funimation premiered the series at Anime Expo on July 5 , 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d33ea65c5c3e02d55b92275c041ebe07", "text": "Transformers: Victory is an anime series produced by Toei Animation . It is a Japanese-produced spin-off of the well-known original Transformers cartoon , and the final complete animated series from the original `` Generation 1 '' era .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b9cd889f8e62a1e10b30e7415019f4c3", "text": "Hayao Miyazaki is a Japanese film director , producer , screenwriter , animator , author , and manga artist . Through a career that has spanned over five decades , Miyazaki has attained international acclaim as a masterful storyteller and as a maker of anime feature films and , along with Isao Takahata , co-founded Studio Ghibli , a film and animation studio . Born in Bunkyō , Tokyo , Miyazaki began his animation career in 1963 when he joined Toei Animation . From there , Miyazaki worked as an in-between artist for Gulliver 's Travels Beyond the Moon , where he pitched ideas that eventually became the film 's ending . Hayao Miyazaki was also associated with Tokyo Movie Shinsha . He co-directed Lupin III with Isao Takahata , provided the screenplay and key animation for Panda ! Go Panda ! , provided key animation for the first episode of Tokyo Giants , provided the original concept for Jungle Kurobe , provided the director role for Lupin III : Tales of the Wolf , provided key animation for the Ulysses 31 pilot in conjunction with Diffusion Information Communication , provided the director role for The New Adventures of Zorro , provided key animation for the Inspector Gadget pilot , and provided the chief director role for season 1 of Sherlock Hound . He continued to work in various roles in the animation industry with various studios until he directed his first feature film , The Castle of Cagliostro , a Lupin the Third story , released in 1979 . After the success of his next film , Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind ( 1984 ) , he co-founded Studio Ghibli , where he continued to produce many feature films . While Miyazaki 's films have long enjoyed both commercial and critical success in Japan , he remained largely unknown to the West until Miramax Films released Princess Mononoke in 1997 . Princess Mononoke was briefly the highest-grossing film in Japan until it was eclipsed by another 1997 film , Titanic , and it became the first animated film to win Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards . Miyazaki 's next film , Spirited Away ( 2001 ) , won Picture of the Year at the Japanese Academy Awards , and was the first anime film to win an American Academy Award . Miyazaki 's films often contain recurrent themes , like humanity 's relationship with nature and technology , and the difficulty of maintaining a pacifist ethic . His films ' protagonists are often strong girls or young women . While two of his films , The Castle of Cagliostro and Castle in the Sky , involve traditional villains , his other films like Nausicaä and Princess Mononoke present morally ambiguous antagonists with redeeming qualities . He co-wrote films The Secret World of Arrietty , released in July 2010 in Japan and February 2012 in the United States ; and From Up on Poppy Hill released in July 2011 in Japan and March 2013 in the United States . Miyazaki 's newest film The Wind Rises was released on July 20 , 2013 and screened internationally in February 2014 . The film would go on to earn him his third American Academy Award nomination and first Golden Globe Award nomination . Miyazaki announced on September 1 , 2013 that The Wind Rises would be his final feature-length movie . In November 2014 , Miyazaki was awarded an Honorary Academy Award for his impact on animation and cinema . He is the second Japanese filmmaker to win this award , after Akira Kurosawa in 1990 . In 2002 , American film critic Roger Ebert suggested that Miyazaki may be the best animation filmmaker in history , praising the depth and artistry of his films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "50fa173e9658edf145b7b1d5494abb41", "text": "List of Ranma ½ episodes is a Japanese anime series adapted from the manga of the same name by Rumiko Takahashi . It was created by Studio Deen and aired weekly between April 15 , 1989 and September 16 , 1989 on Fuji TV before being canceled after 18 episodes due to low ratings . Shortly after , the series was reworked by most of the same staff , retitled and launched in a different time slot , running between October 20 , 1989 and September 25 , 1992 for 143 episodes . Three movies were produced , The Battle of Nekonron , China ! A Battle to Defy the Rules ! on November 2 , 1991 ; Battle at Togenkyo ! Get Back the Brides on August 1 , 1992 ; and Super Indiscriminate Decisive Battle ! Team Ranma vs. the Legendary Phoenix on August 20 , 1994 . The first two movies are feature length , but the third was originally aired in theaters with two other movies : Ghost Sweeper Mikami and Heisei Dog Stories : Bow . Following the ending of the TV series , 12 OVA episodes were released directly to home video , the earliest on December 7 , 1993 and the twelfth on October 20 , 2010 . In celebration of Rumiko Takahashi 's 35th anniversary as a manga artist , the TV series was released on Blu-ray for the first time in three box sets between May 24 , 2013 and January 24 , 2014 . Viz Media licensed both anime , the films and the first 11 OVAs for English dubs in North America . They labeled both anime as one series and first released it on subtitled and dubbed VHS , later combining it into seven DVD collections they call `` seasons '' . Besides changing the ordering of many of the anime episodes , Viz also added the third film to their set of the OVAs . They began re-releasing the show on Blu-ray and DVD in 2014 . Madman Entertainment released part of the anime series and the first two movies in Australasia , before their license expired , and MVM Films released the first two movies in the United Kingdom .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d95f6ae18074aade25838da808e80c5c", "text": "Instant History Instant History , also known as ( Otogi Manga Karenda = Otogi Manga Calendar ) was a black and white Japanese anime series aired from 1961 to 1964 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "128c9ed9cc7925dff66301a0a68e568d", "text": "Astro Boy (2003 TV series) is a remake of the 1960s anime series of the same name created by Osamu Tezuka , which was produced by his company , Tezuka Productions , Sony Pictures Entertainment Japan , Dentsu , and Fuji Television network . It was also shown on Animax , who have broadcast the series across its respective networks worldwide , including Japan , Southeast Asia , South Asia , East Asia , and other regions . It was created to celebrate the birth date of Atom/Astro Boy ( as well as the 40th anniversary of the original TV series ) . Under the original English name ( instead of Mighty Atom ) , it kept the same classic art style as the original manga and anime , but was revisioned and modernized with more lush , high-quality , near-theatrical animation and visuals . It combined the playfulness of the early anime with the darker , more serious and dramatic Science fiction themes of the manga and the 1980 series . The anime broadcast in Japan on the same date as Atom 's / Astro 's birth in the manga ( April 6 , 2003 ) across Animax and Fuji Television . It was directed by Kazuya Konaka and written by Chiaki J. Konaka at the beginning of the series . Other writers included were Keiichi Hasegawa , Sadayuki Murai , Ai Ohta , Hirotoshi Kobayashi , Kenji Konuta , and Marc Handler , who was also executive story editor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "296bc12db8ccfd53dfb027e70e75741f", "text": "Ray the Animation Ray the Animation is a science fiction anime television series based on a manga by Akihito Yoshitomi . It ran from April 6 , 2006 through June 29 , 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5310f17daf9573cdfd14076b15d4e4bc", "text": "Daisuke Moriyama ( September 11 , 1971 ) is a Japanese manga artist best known for creating the Chrono Crusade series which was adapted into a 24 episodes anime series by the studio Gonzo . Moriyama had been working on a series called World Embryo , which was serialized in the Young King OURs magazine from 2005 to 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46b2f9113c9f96f279e78de9032a6c0c", "text": "Magical Taluluto is a comedy manga by Tatsuya Egawa that was published in the Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1988 to 1992 , spanning a 21-volume collected edition . It was adapted into an anime television series by Toei Animation that lasted 87 episodes and three feature films from 1990 through 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1558c1de1a4d74e6ed18dff8ef9b75c6", "text": "Lolicon , also romanised as lolikon or rorikon , is Japanese discourse or media focusing on the attraction to young or prepubescent girls . The term lolicon is a portmanteau of the phrase `` Lolita complex '' ; it describes an attraction to young or prepubescent girls , an individual with such an attraction , or lolicon manga or lolicon anime , a genre of manga and anime wherein childlike female characters are often depicted in an `` erotic-cute '' manner ( also known as ero kawaii ) , in an art style reminiscent of the shōjo manga ( girls ' comics ) style . Outside Japan , lolicon is in less common usage and usually refers to the genre . The term is a reference to Vladimir Nabokov 's book Lolita , in which a middle-aged man becomes sexually obsessed with a twelve-year-old girl . It was first used in Japan in the 1970s and quickly became used to describe erotic dojinshi ( amateur comics ) portrayals of young girls . Laws have been enacted in various countries , including in Japan , which regulate explicit content featuring children or childlike characters . Parent and citizens groups in Japan have organized to work toward stronger controls and stricter laws governing lolicon manga and other similar media . Studies of lolicon fans state that they are attracted to an aesthetic of cuteness rather than the age of the characters , and that collecting lolicon represents a disconnect from society .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cacc092eee33f6f71221b2569081266d", "text": "Voogie's Angel is a three-episode Japanese original video animation series , based on a 1996 radio drama series of the same name created by Aoi Takeuchi . Character designs in the animation were redone by Masami Ōbari , based on the original designs created by Shinichi Miyamae for the radio series and its CD releases . A hundred years after the Earth 's surface is invaded by aliens ( Space Emigrants , or SE ) and humans have been forced to live in underwater cities , the last hope of saving the Earth lies in the hands of five cybernetically enhanced women . These women are trained to carry out attacks against the SE in hopes of reclaiming Earth for mankind . An OVA directed by Hayato Date titled 電脳戦隊ヴギィ ' ズ ・ エンジェル外伝 進め ！ スーパー ・ エンジェルス ！ was released on August 21 , 1998 . Another OVA , titled 電脳戦隊ヴギィ ' ズ ・ エンジェル - Forever and ever - , was released on January 25 , 1999 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d9906c02594b0da94f26502c3c0b578c", "text": "Maps (manga) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hasegawa Yuichi . It was serialized in the Gakken magazine Monthly Comic Nora from 1985 to 1994 . The series was adapted into two anime original video animations ( OVAs ) : the 1987 original , fully titled in Japan , and the 1994 remake , simply titled Maps .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ee5d52a8a7ec1dc0d41c3bf0a3c833af", "text": "Straight Title Robot Anime is a CG anime that first aired on February 6 , 2013 in Japan . The anime is created with the MikuMikuDance animation software , and is the first MMD-based program to air on TV .", "title": "" } ]
fever
8dbf70621c00a2e730f7eb08c570a557
Andy Warhol is a banker.
[ { "docid": "e22896c67513b7f5ff82dd78af9b7ddc", "text": "Andy Warhol Andy Warhol ( -LSB- ˈwɔrhɒl -RSB- born Andrew Warhola ; August 6 , 1928 -- February 22 , 1987 ) was an American artist , director and producer who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art . His works explore the relationship between artistic expression , celebrity culture , and advertising that flourished by the 1960s , and span a variety of media , including painting , silkscreening , photography , film , and sculpture . Some of his best known works include the silkscreen paintings Campbell 's Soup Cans ( 1962 ) and Marilyn Diptych ( 1962 ) , the experimental film Chelsea Girls ( 1966 ) , and the multimedia events known as the Exploding Plastic Inevitable ( 1966 -- 67 ) . Born and raised in Pittsburgh , Warhol initially pursued a successful career as a commercial illustrator . After exhibiting his work in several galleries in the late 1950s , he began to receive recognition as an influential and controversial artist . His New York studio , The Factory , became a well-known gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals , drag queens , playwrights , Bohemian street people , Hollywood celebrities , and wealthy patrons . He promoted a collection of personalities known as Warhol superstars , and is credited with coining the widely used expression `` 15 minutes of fame . '' In the late 1960s , he managed and produced the experimental rock band The Velvet Underground and founded Interview magazine . He authored numerous books , including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol and Popism : The Warhol Sixties . He is also notable as a gay man who lived openly as such before the gay liberation movement . After a gallbladder surgery in 1987 , Warhol died in February of that year at the age of 58 . Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions , books , and feature and documentary films . The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city of Pittsburgh , which holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives , is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist . Many of his creations are very collectible and highly valuable . The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is US$ 105 million for a 1963 canvas titled `` Silver Car Crash ( Double Disaster ) '' ; his works include some of the most expensive paintings ever sold . A 2009 article in The Economist described Warhol as the `` bellwether of the art market '' .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "80dff8e14902f93a55d4c23215e4515f", "text": "Archives of American Art The Archives of American Art is the largest collection of primary resources documenting the history of the visual arts in the United States . More than 20 million items of original material are housed in the Archives ' research centers in Washington , D.C. and New York City . As a research center within the Smithsonian Institution , the Archives houses materials related to a variety of American visual art and artists . All regions of the country and numerous eras and art movements are represented . Among the significant artists represented in its collection are Jackson Pollock , Lee Krasner , Marcel Breuer , Rockwell Kent , John Singer Sargent , Winslow Homer , John Trumbull , and Alexander Calder . In addition to the papers of artists , the Archives collects documentary material from art galleries , art dealers , and art collectors . It also houses a collection of over 2,000 art-related oral history interviews , and publishes a bi-yearly publication , the Archives of American Art Journal , which showcases collections within the Archives .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "30ffc80c00a8e473a3012afbaa61e05d", "text": "World Bank Infoshop The InfoShop was a non-profit bookstore in Washington , D.C. run by the World Bank `` specializing in economics and international development ... current events , history , banking and finance , plus travel guides , reference books and international fiction , '' including `` deeply discounted '' and remainder books . The shop offers discounts to students , and to customers who work in government , NGOs , or the World Bank . The InfoShop has been described as `` wonky '' by the Washington Post . Since 2005 , the InfoShop has featured public programs with `` up-and-coming and internationally known authors . '' In 2006 , the InfoShop became home to the first installation of the beta version of the Espresso Book Machine . As of 2010 World Bank Publications ( the World Bank Group 's publishing organization ) was recovering roughly two-thirds of the costs of operating the store through sales -- in part , because the publications of the World Bank are also made available free of charge online . In October 2012 , Occupy D.C. blockaded the doors of the InfoShop as a part of a protest against the World Bank , Verizon , Wells Fargo , and PNC Bank . The shop also sold children 's books , world music CDs , books and audio for learning languages , gifts , and stationery supplies with the World Bank logo . The World Bank Infoshop closed in October 2016 after 20 years of operation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4fe2b9fe2bb420a2db234d54100ca8f4", "text": "Cuban art Cuban art is an exceptionally diverse cultural blend of African , South American , European and North American elements , reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the island . Cuban artists embraced European modernism , and the early part of the 20th century saw a growth in Cuban vanguardist movements , which were characterized by the mixing of modern artistic genres . Some of the more celebrated 20th-century Cuban artists include Amelia Peláez ( 1896 -- 1968 ) , best known for a series of mural projects , and painter Wifredo Lam ( Dec 8,1902 -- September 11 , 1982 ) , who created a highly personal version of modern primitivism . The Cuban born painter Federico Beltran Masses ( 1885-1949 ) , was renowned as a colourist whose seductive portrayals of women sometimes made overt references to the tropical settings of his childhood . Better known internationally is the work of photographer Alberto Korda , whose photographs following the early days of the Cuban Revolution included a picture of Che Guevara which was to become one of the most recognizable images of the 20th century . There is a flourishing street art movement influenced by Latin American artists José Guadalupe Posada and the muralist Diego Rivera . After the Cuban Revolution of 1959 , some artists felt it was in their best interests to leave Cuba and produce their art , while others stayed behind , either happy or merely content to be creating art in Cuba , which was sponsored by the government . Because it was state sponsored , an implied censorship occurred , since artists would n't want to make art that was against the revolutionary movement as that was the source of their funding . It was during the 1980s in which art began to reflect true uninfluenced expression . The `` rebirth '' of expression in Cuban art was greatly affected by the emergence of a new generation of Cuban , which did not remember the revolution directly . In 1981 Cubans saw the introduction of `` Volumen Uno '' , a series of one man exhibitions featuring contemporary Cuban artists . Three years later , the introduction of the `` Havana Bienal '' assisted in the further progression of the liberation of art and free speech therein .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "db4b518a5d1622479d0515f6c486729d", "text": "Rothschild banking family of England The Rothschild banking family of England was founded in 1798 by Nathan Mayer von Rothschild ( 1777 -- 1836 ) who first settled in Manchester but then moved to London . Nathan was sent there from his home in Frankfurt by his father , Mayer Amschel Rothschild ( 1744 -- 1812 ) . Wanting his sons to succeed on their own and to expand the family business across Europe , Mayer Amschel Rothschild had his eldest son remain in Frankfurt , while his four other sons were sent to different European cities to establish a financial institution to invest in business and provide banking services . Nathan Mayer von Rothschild , the third son , first established a textile jobbing business in Manchester and from there went on to establish N M Rothschild & Sons bank in London . From the home base in Frankfurt , Rothschild sons not only established themselves in the UK but also in Paris , Vienna and Naples in the Two Sicilies . Through their collaborative efforts , the Rothschilds rose to prominence in a variety of banking endeavours including loans , government bonds and trading in bullion . Their financing afforded investment opportunities and during the 19th century they became major stakeholders in large-scale mining and rail transport ventures that were fundamental to the rapidly expanding industrial economies of Europe . Changes in the heads of government , war , and other such events affected the family 's fortunes both for their benefit and to their detriment . However , three historical events in particular especially damaged the interests of all Rothschild banking families across Europe : 1 ) the Revolutions of 1848 , 2 ) the Great Depression of the 1930s and 3 ) Nazism of the late 1930s until the Second World War .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "309d177e6834ba3804ef3dd615d9742e", "text": "Too big to fail The `` too big to fail '' theory asserts that certain corporations , particularly financial institutions , are so large and so interconnected that their failure would be disastrous to the greater economic system , and that they therefore must be supported by government when they face potential failure . The colloquial term `` too big to fail '' was popularized by U.S. Congressman Stewart McKinney in a 1984 Congressional hearing , discussing the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 's intervention with Continental Illinois . The term had previously been used occasionally in the press . Proponents of this theory believe that some institutions are so important that they should become recipients of beneficial financial and economic policies from governments or central banks . Some economists such as Paul Krugman hold that economies of scale in banks and in other businesses are worth preserving , so long as they are well regulated in proportion to their economic clout , and therefore that `` too big to fail '' status can be acceptable . The global economic system must also deal with sovereign states being too big to fail . Opponents believe that one of the problems that arises is moral hazard whereby a company that benefits from these protective policies will seek to profit by it , deliberately taking positions ( see asset allocation ) that are high-risk high-return , as they are able to leverage these risks based on the policy preference they receive . The term has emerged as prominent in public discourse since the 2007 -- 08 global financial crisis . Critics see the policy as counterproductive and that large banks or other institutions should be left to fail if their risk management is not effective . Some critics , such as Alan Greenspan , believe that such large organisations should be deliberately broken up : `` If they 're too big to fail , they 're too big '' . More than fifty prominent economists , financial experts , bankers , finance industry groups , and banks themselves have called for breaking up large banks into smaller institutions . In 2014 , the International Monetary Fund and others said the problem still had not been dealt with . While the individual components of the new regulation for systemically important banks ( additional capital requirements , enhanced supervision and resolution regimes ) likely reduced the prevalence of TBTF , the fact that there is a definite List of systemically important banks considered TBTF has a partly offsetting impact .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "908a789346a09e2c7d451b79e20c3a41", "text": "Archigram __ NOTOC __ Archigram was an avant-garde architectural group formed in the 1960s - based at the Architectural Association , London - that was neofuturistic , anti-heroic and pro-consumerist , drawing inspiration from technology in order to create a new reality that was solely expressed through hypothetical projects . The main members of the group were Peter Cook , Warren Chalk , Ron Herron , Dennis Crompton , Michael Webb and David Greene . Designer Theo Crosby was the `` hidden hand '' behind the group . He gave them coverage in Architectural Design magazine ( where he was an editor from 1953 -- 62 ) , brought them to the attention of the Institute of Contemporary Arts ( ICA ) in London , where , in 1963 , they mounted an exhibition called Living Cities , and in 1964 brought them into the Taylor Woodrow Design Group , which he headed , to take on experimental projects . The pamphlet Archigram I was printed in 1961 to proclaim their ideas . Committed to a ` high tech ' , light weight , infra-structural approach that was focused towards survival technology , the group experimented with modular technology , mobility through the environment , space capsules and mass-consumer imagery . Their works offered a seductive vision of a glamorous future machine age ; however , social and environmental issues were left unaddressed . Archigram agitated to prevent modernism from becoming a sterile and safe orthodoxy by its adherents . Unlike ephemeralisation from Buckminster Fuller which assumes more must be done with less material ( because material is finite ) , Archigram relies on a future of interminable resources . The works of Archigram had a neofuturistic slant being influenced by Antonio Sant ` Elia 's works . Buckminster Fuller and Yona Friedman were also important sources of inspiration . The works of Archigram served as a source of inspiration for later works such as the High tech ` Pompidou centre ' 1971 by Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano , early Norman Foster works , Gianfranco Franchini and Future Systems . By the early 1970s the strategy of the group had changed . In 1973 Theo Crosby wrote that its members had `` found their original impulses towards megastructures blunted by the changing intellectual climate in England , where the brash dreams of modern architects are received with ever-increasing horror . They are now more concerned with the infiltration of technology into the environment at a much less obvious level '' . The group was financially supported by mainstream architects , such as David Rock of BDP . Rock later nominated Archigram for the RIBA Royal Gold Medal which they received in 2002 . Sixpack France dedicated their Summer Spring 2009 Collection to this movement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "39d79b8c6da6508695e217257f29366c", "text": "Olof Aschberg Olof Aschberg ( 22 July 1877 -- 21 April 1960 ) was a Swedish banker and businessman . Aschberg was a leftist sympathizer and helped finance the Bolsheviks in Russia . In gratitude , the Bolshevik government allowed Aschberg to do business with Soviet Union during the 1920s . Aschberg became head of Ruskombank , the first Soviet international bank . Olof founded in Stockholm the first Swedish bank for trade unions and cooperatives ( Nya Banken ) in 1912 and became a friend of Hjalmar Branting . When financial operations in favour of the Germans in 1918 caused him trouble with the Allies of World War I , the bank was renamed Svensk Ekonomiebolaget . He was already a successful banker and businessman when he met first Willi Münzenberg who visited the Stockholm Youth Socialist Congress of 1917 . Later , during the Bolsheviks aspirations to rebuild the Russian economy , it was Münzenberg 's task to expand their modest pool of capital by floating a so-called `` workers ' loan '' using his `` Workers International Relief '' ( WIR ) . By means of this subterfuge the money used for buying machines and goods in the West looked like being the outcome of proletarian support , in reality it came directly from the Kremlin , confiscated from Russia 's rich and the Church . Established in Berlin in the 1920s , Aschberg 's Guarantee and Credit Bank for the East was charged with repayment of the WIR workers ' loan , although he had not been very fond of it from its very beginning on and had even contributed to deep six it soon after the launch . Aschberg had already gained the Soviet leaders ' esteem by being one of the main connections in the early years after 1917 in evading the international boycott on gold robbed by the Bolsheviks , which he offered on the Stockholm market after having the bullions melted down and given new markings . He built up a collection of Russian icons with 245 pieces which he donated to the Swedish Nationalmuseum at Stockholm in 1933 . This largest and finest collection of icons outside Russia was supplemented in 1952 and put the Nationalmuseum among the leading museums in this field . At the end of the 1920s Aschberg moved to France , where he bought Château du Bois du Rocher at Jouy-en-Josas , in 1950 offered to the Unesco and subsequently sold to the Yvelines department . He helped finance the Popular Front during the Spanish Civil War . Again Münzenberg was often invited to Aschberg 's Paris townhouse on the place Casimir-Périer and received the funds for launching Die Zukunft ( The Future ) , a weekly political broadsheet . The Left Bank townhouse was gradually transformed into a kind of all-purpose Münzenberg salon , which did attract the attention of the Gestapo , spying on the meetings taking place there . With the outbreak of World War II Aschberg was interned in Camp Vernet by the French authorities . Due to his Jewish background he was endangered when France was invaded by Nazi Germany in 1940 and could not sooner as January 1941 leave Europe via Lisbon when Vichy government gave order to set him free . Aschberg and his family fled to the United States where he immediately started to support the Free World Association . After the war , Aschberg moved back to Sweden . In 1946 he started publishing his memoirs in three volumes ( En vandrande jude från Glasbruksgatan , Återkomsten , and Gästboken ) and he invited Margarete Buber-Neumann to write there Under Two Dictators : Prisoner of Stalin and Hitler . Olof is the grandfather of the journalists Robert Aschberg and Richard Aschberg .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4b96a7eadae7d14c8c236f8fb3481666", "text": "New York Woman New York Woman was a magazine that blended features on fashion and the arts , literary and humorous essays , and consumer-oriented services pieces such as reviews of restaurants , shops or films . Its target audience was intelligent women living in the New York Metropolitan area . It was launched as a bimonthly by the Esquire Magazine Group Inc. in 1986 . The first issue was published in September-October of that year . The mergers-and-acquisitions specialist Bruce Wasserstein of Wasserstein Perella reportedly brokered the magazine 's sale to American Express Publishing , publisher of Travel + Leisure and Food & Wine . New York Woman '' 's founding publisher was Julie Lewit-Nirenberg , who was later the founding publisher of Mirabella , often referred to as a smart woman 's fashion magazine . Later she was a director of special projects at Conde-Nast . The magazine 's founding editor was Betsy Carter ( who went on to work for O , The Oprah Magazine , Oprah Winfrey 's magazine ) . The French graphic designer Fabien Baron used his creative director position at the magazine as an opportunity to further develop relationships with important clients in the fashion business such as Barneys and Calvin Klein . After leaving New York Woman , Baron continued to earn accolades for his fashion-oriented work in advertising and for magazines such as Harper 's Bazaar . Writers included the playwright Wendy Wasserstein , the Andy Warhol superstar Viva , the sociologist Barbara Ehrenreich , the comedy writer Merrill Markoe , the actress Theresa Meeker and Maureen Orth , who later wrote for Vanity Fair magazine.New York Woman '' ceased publication in 1992 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4c4e4f114eae5e44c9033778c75557d2", "text": "Private bank Private banks are the banks owned by either the individual or a general partner ( s ) with limited partner ( s ) . Private banks are not incorporated . In any such case , the creditors can look to both the `` entirety of the bank 's assets '' as well as the entirety of the sole-proprietor 's / general-partners ' assets . These banks have a long tradition in Switzerland , dating back to at least the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes ( 1685 ) . Private banks also have a long tradition in the UK where C. Hoare & Co. has been in business since 1672 . There were many private banks in Europe , but most have now become incorporated companies , so the term is rarely true any more . Today , the term `` private bank '' can also refer to the financial institution specializing in financial advice and services for high-net-worth individuals ( private banking ) . `` Private banks '' can also refer to non-government owned banks in general , in contrast to government-owned ( or nationalized ) banks , which were prevalent in communist , socialist and some social democratic states in the 20th century .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9f255d416c006142890a413ac4d81a63", "text": "Suicide (Purple Jumping Man) Suicide ( Purple Jumping Man ) is a 1963 silkscreen painting by American pop artist , Andy Warhol . It is currently in the collection of the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art in Tehran .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f5f287fad74e542da5fe0b8ac7da4b6", "text": "American Bankers Association The American Bankers Association ( ABA ) is a Washington , D.C.-based trade association for the U.S. banking industry . Founded in 1875 , ABA today represents banks of all sizes and charters , including community banks , regional and money center banks , savings associations , mutual savings banks , and trust companies , with the average member bank having approximately $ 250 million in assets . Like many large trade associations , ABA 's principal activities include lobbying , professional development for member institutions , maintenance of best practices and industry standards ( for example , routing transit numbers ) , consumer education , and distribution of products and services . ABA is considered the largest financial trade group in the United States .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c1204e73120d161898ace6e651b842d1", "text": "Exploding Plastic Inevitable The Exploding Plastic Inevitable , sometimes simply called Plastic Inevitable or EPI , was a series of multimedia events organized by Andy Warhol between 1966 and 1967 , featuring musical performances by The Velvet Underground and Nico , screenings of Warhol 's films , and dancing and performances by regulars of Warhol 's Factory , especially Mary Woronov and Gerard Malanga . Andy Warhol 's Exploding Plastic Inevitable is also the title of an 18-minute film by Ronald Nameth with recordings from one week of performances of the shows which were filmed in Chicago , Illinois , in 1966 . In December 1966 Warhol included a one-off magazine called The Plastic Exploding Inevitable as part of the Aspen No. 3 package .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "238a3b4e9008c331af9bead0ce4583f9", "text": "Rafael Díaz-Balart Rafael Lincoln Díaz-Balart y Gutiérrez ( January 17 , 1926 in Banes , Cuba -- May 6 , 2005 ) was a Cuban politician . Díaz-Balart served as Majority Leader of the Cuban House of Representatives and Under-Secretary of Interior during the presidency of Fulgencio Batista . In 1955 , he gave a speech before the Cuban House of Representatives in opposition to the amnesty granted to his former brother-in-law , Fidel Castro , for his involvement in the 1953 attack on the Moncada Barracks . Díaz-Balart was elected senator in 1958 , but was unable to take office due to Fidel Castro 's rise to power on January 1 , 1959 . He founded La Rosa Blanca ( The White Rose ) , the first anti-Castro organization , in January 1959 . He is the father of U.S. Congressmen Lincoln Díaz-Balart and Mario Diaz-Balart , TV news journalist José Díaz-Balart , and investment banker Rafael Díaz-Balart . He is the brother of Mirta Díaz-Balart , Fidel Castro 's first wife . His brother , Waldo Díaz-Balart is a painter and a former actor in two movies by Andy Warhol in the 1960s . His father , Rafael Díaz-Balart was elected to the Cuban House of Representatives in 1936 and his brother-in-law , Juan Caballero , was elected to the Cuban House of Representatives in 1954 . Following his departure from Cuba , Rafael Diaz-Balart spent the following years living in Spain . He worked there as an insurance company executive with Aseguros Iberica La Providencia . This company had investments in real estate companies which developed property on the Spanish Riviera . He then also spent several years serving as a diplomat for the government of Costa Rica in Venezuela and Paraguay . He died on May 6 , 2005 in his Key Biscayne , Florida home after a battle with leukemia . The building that houses the Florida International University College of Law bears his name , `` Rafael Diaz-Balart Hall '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "076b37b3f62cb6f284b92ca392de7470", "text": "The Fortune Teller (de La Tour) The Fortune Teller is an oil painting of circa 1630 by the French artist Georges de La Tour . The work was uncovered in about 1960 and purchased that year by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . François Georges Pariset described the painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin , attributing it to La Tour -- a likely choice given the calligraphic signature at top right : `` G. de La Tour Fecit Luneuilla Lothar '' ( `` G -LSB- eorges -RSB- de La Tour made this , Lunéville , Lorraine '' ) . Its authenticity has been questioned in the intervening years , notably by the English art historian Christopher Wright , but The Fortune Teller is generally accepted as La Tour 's work . The artist is better known for his chiaroscuro religious compositions , in which the figures are illuminated by a single light source and lack the elaborate costume detail of the The Fortune Teller 's characters . The painting catches a moment in which a young man of some wealth is having his fortune told by the old woman at right ; she takes the coin from his hand , not only in payment , but as part of the ritual in which she will cross his hand with it . Most or all of the women portrayed are gypsies , and , furthering the stereotype of the time , they are depicted as thieves . As the young man is engrossed in the fortune-telling -- an act which , if discovered , would have repercussions for both him and the gypsies -- the leftmost woman is stealing the coin purse from his pocket , while her companion in profile has a hand ready to receive the loot . The pale-faced girl on the boy 's left is less clearly a gypsy , but is also in on the act as she cuts a medal worn by the boy from its chain . The figures in the painting are close together , as if in a play , and the composition may have been influenced by a theatrical scene . The modern discovery of the painting is said to be traced to a French prisoner of war who viewed La Tour 's works in a monograph and found a likeness with a painting hung in a relative 's castle . A knowledgeable priest identified it as a La Tour work and informed the Louvre , which entered negotiations to buy the painting . The art dealer Georges Wildenstein outbid the museum , however , purchasing the painting in 1949 for 7.5 million francs . For a decade it remained with the dealer , until in 1960 the Metropolitan Museum of Art paid an undisclosed but `` very high sum of money '' for The Fortune Teller . How the painting had been able to leave France became a matter of controversy in the French press , and the writer André Malraux , then French Minister of Culture , attempted to explain to the National Assembly why the work did not end up in the Louvre . It later emerged that the export licence was signed by the art historian Germain Bazin , who was head of old master paintings at the Louvre ; Wright speculates that he had sufficient doubt about the work not to want it for the Louvre .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "46aae0990c8b548cb22ed1ec6b025504", "text": "Lloyds Banking Group Lloyds Banking Group plc is a major British financial institution formed through the acquisition of HBOS by Lloyds TSB in 2009 . The Group 's history stems from the founding in 1695 by the Parliament of Scotland of the Bank of Scotland , which is the second oldest bank in the United Kingdom . The Group 's headquarters is located at 25 Gresham Street in the City of London and its registered office is on The Mound in Edinburgh . Lloyds Banking Group 's activities are organised into : Retail Banking ( including Mortgages and Sole Traders ) ; Commercial ; Life , Pensions & Insurance ; and Wealth & International . Lloyds ' has extensive overseas operations in the US , Europe , the Middle East and Asia . Following the takeover , the Group stopped using the name HBOS publicly . The Halifax brand , products and pricing were discontinued in Scotland until reestablished in 2013 . The Halifax and Lloyds Bank brands are used in England and Wales and the Bank of Scotland brand is used in Scotland , each offering different products and pricing . Lloyds Banking Group 's CEO António Horta-Osório told The Banker , `` We will keep the different brands because the customers are very different in terms of attitude '' . Lloyds Banking Group is listed on the London Stock Exchange ( LSE ) and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index . It had a market capitalisation of approximately as of 4 March 2014the 7th-largest of any LSE company . It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange , where it has a market capitalisation value of .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "82e39ae1711a5c9da73e82b38b76b101", "text": "Andrew Fois Andrew Fois is an attorney living and working in Washington , D.C. . As of April 9 , 2012 , he will be serving as the Deputy Attorney General for Public Safety in the Office of the Attorney General in Washington , D.C. . In that capacity , Andy will have responsibility , among other duties , for supervision of all juvenile prosecutions , many criminal offenses such as DUI and DWI , victim and neighborhood services and will supervise the work of the General Counsels of five DC public safety agencies . For the previous three years Andy was a Managing Director of the National Crime Prevention Council ( home of McGruff the Crime Dog ) with a wide range of responsibilities involving crime prevention , grant administrations , legal matters , communications , community outreach , government relations and management . During that time he was a frequent analyst on television , radio and the Internet on various political , legal and policy issues . In 1995 , Andy was nominated by the President and confirmed by the U.S. Senate to serve as Assistant Attorney General for the Office of Legislative Affairs in the United States Department of Justice . He had previously served as an Associate Deputy Attorney General to Deputy AG Jamie Gorelick and as Counsel to Attorney General Janet Reno during which time he helped lead the enactment and implementation of the 1994 comprehensive crime act . This landmark legislation included the COPS program , drug courts , the assault weapons band , the Violence Against Women Act and more . His private practice includes a partnership in the D.C. office of Venable LLP and work as a solo practitioner . Among his private clients were the National Association of Juvenile and Family Court Judges , the Drug Court Association , a leading cvil rights group , a major think tank and many various businesses and trade associations . Andy was Chief Counsel to the Subcommittee on Crime and Criminal Justice of the Judiciary Committee in the United States House of Representatives helping lead enactment of the Brady bill . From 1985 through 1989 he was an Assistant United States Attorney in the District of Columbia handling trial and appellate cases and serving as the Deputy Chief of the Misdemeanor Division . He has held the position of Senior Fellow at Globalsecurity.org , a national security , web-based think tank . Early in his career Andy was an Assistant State Attorney in Miami-Dade County , Florida . Andy has taught Criminal Procedure and Trial Practice courses at the Georgetown University Law Center and was also an adjunct professor at Washington College of Law at American University . Andy frequently appears on television and radio as a legal analyst . He has worked as a contributor to the Fox News Channel . He has written and spoken extensively on legal and public policy issues and was a regular columnist for two local papers in Washington , D.C. He was recommended twice and nominated once for a seat on the D.C. Superior Court . He has been recognized by several professional awards including the Edmund Randolph Award , the Justice Department 's highest honor for distinguished service . Andy has been a Wasserstein Fellow at Harvard University . Andy graduated from Georgetown University Law Center in 1983 and Georgetown University in 1979 cum laude with a BA in government and history . He holds a master 's degree from the University of Essex , UK in American Government . He is a member of the bar in Washington , D.C. , New York and Florida as well as the bars of the U.S. District Court , the U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit and the U.S. Supreme Court . His community service includes co-chairing the D.C. Coalition Against Drugs and Violence , a D.C. anti-drug and violence community group . Andy is active in his parish church serving on its Council and in other ministries including the Executive Committee of the Disabilities Ministry . He serves on the Board of Directors of the Catholic Coalition for Special Education . He has been a DC resident for almost all of the past 37 years .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96", "text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6205f04a5103570187b590cb1e231edd", "text": "William Pierson, Jr. William Harvey Pierson , Jr. ( June 4 , 1911 -- December 3 , 2008 ) was an American painter and art historian . Teaching studio art and art history at Williams College for most of his career , Pierson was in large part responsible for the development of the cadre of Williams-educated museum curators and art historians now known as the Williams Art Mafia , including Earl A. Powell III of the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC , Glenn D. Lowry of the Museum of Modern Art in New York , James N. Wood of the Art Institute of Chicago and the J. Paul Getty Trust and Thomas Krens of the Guggenheim Museum in New York . Born in Bloomfield , New Jersey , Pierson trained as a high-school student with landscape painter Charles Warren Eaton . After earning bachelor 's degree in fine arts at Yale in 1934 , he became the first person whom the school awarded a master 's degree in fine arts . In 1941 he received a second master 's , this time in art history from New York University . Pierson joined the United States Navy the day after Pearl Harbor , working for the secret radio program . When the war finished , Pierson decided to return to Yale to undertake a Ph.D. in art history . His dissertation studied the industrial architecture of New England , and his passion for this subject remained with him for the rest of his career . In the 1970s , he campaigned to save a former mill in Harrisville , New Hampshire . Due to his efforts , Harrisville is the only 19th-century mill town that has survived intact into the 21st century . Having caught the eye of S. Lane Faison , legendary head of the art history department at Williams College , Pierson moved to Williamstown to teach studio art and American architecture in 1946 . With Faison and their colleague Whitney Stoddard , Pierson worked continuously to turn Williams students towards careers in art history rather than law and finance . Their efforts resulted in a generation of Williams-educated curators who went on to lead some of the most distinguished museums and art collections in the United States . This group , whom the New York Times has termed the `` Williams Art Mafia , '' include among its ranks Earl A. Powell III of the National Gallery of Art in Washington DC , Glenn D. Lowry of the Museum of Modern Art in New York , James N. Wood of the Art Institute of Chicago and the J. Paul Getty Trust and Thomas Krens of the Guggenheim Museum in New York . Pierson , who was famous for tearing up his notes at the end of each of his lectures , emphasized the importance of maintaining the vitality and variety of his teaching throughout his thirty-year career . Pierson retired in 1973 . Although teaching undergraduates was Pierson 's foremost passion , he also authored a four-volume scholarly series entitled American Buildings and Their Architects along with William Jordy . In conjunction with the Society of Architectural Historians , he was also working on the sixty-volume Buildings of the United States Series , which catalogs the architectural history of each of the fifty states in addition to several major cities . Pierson died on December 3 , 2008 , in Williamstown , Massachusetts . He is survived by two daughters and two granddaughters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e2d457fdcc1180c5cca49ee331a242e7", "text": "Robey Warshaw Robey Warshaw LLP is a boutique investment bank based in London . The firm was founded in 2013 and is led by investment bankers Sir Simon Robey , Philip Apostolides , and Simon Warshaw . With less than 20 employees , it has advised on some of the largest corporate mergers and acquisitions since 2015 . Robey , Apostolides and Warshaw were prominent dealmakers in the City of London prior to setting up the firm . Robey is the former co-head of mergers and acquisitions at Morgan Stanley , Warshaw is the former co-head of investment banking at UBS , while Apostolides was a managing director in Morgan Stanley 's financial sponsors group . In 2014 , Robey Warshaw helped AstraZeneca successfully fend off a politically charged merger bid by Pfizer . The following year , it served as adviser to BG Group and SABMiller in their mergers with Royal Dutch Shell and Anheuser-Busch InBev respectively . The two deals landed the firm in the top 10 European M&A advisers in 2015 , according to Dealogic . According to The Observer , banking experts have attributed Robey Warshaw 's early success to the connections of its founders and its ability to remain discreet during negotiations owing to its small size . The Telegraph highlighted the firm 's `` personal approach '' favoured by corporate executives .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c60f3a747c4ffe8463d1bfa96014c0ca
Tanzania shares a border with the fourth largest of the world's oceanic divisions.
[ { "docid": "24c9acb4a537166513a365c39ac10a61", "text": "Tanzania Tanzania -LSB- ˌtænzəˈniːə -RSB- , officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ) , is a country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Mount Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . Tanzania 's population of 51.82 million ( 2014 ) is diverse , composed of several ethnic , linguistic , and religious groups . Tanzania is a presidential constitutional republic , and since 1996 , its official capital city has been Dodoma , where the President 's Office , the National Assembly , and some government ministries are located . Dar es Salaam , the former capital , retains most government offices and is the country 's largest city , principal port , and leading commercial centre . Tanzania is a one party dominant state with the socialist-progressive Chama Cha Mapinduzi ( CCM ) party in power . From its formation until 1992 , it was the only legally permitted party in the country . This changed on 1 July 1992 , when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly . Elections for president and all National Assembly seats were last held in October 2015 . The CCM holds approximately 75 % of the seats in the assembly . Prehistoric population migrations include Southern Cushitic speakers , who are ancestral to the Iraqw , Gorowa , and Burunge and who moved south from Ethiopia into Tanzania . Based on linguistic evidence , there may also have been two movements into Tanzania of Eastern Cushitic people at about 4,000 and 2,000 years ago , originating from north of Lake Turkana . Archaeological evidence supports the conclusion that Southern Nilotes , including the Datoog , moved south from the present-day South Sudan-Ethiopia border region into central northern Tanzania between 2,900 and 2,400 years ago . These movements took place at about the same time as the settlement of the iron-making Mashariki Bantu from West Africa in the Lake Victoria and Lake Tanganyika areas . They brought with them the west African planting tradition and the primary staple of yams . They subsequently migrated out of these regions across the rest of Tanzania , between 2,300 and 1,700 years ago . European colonialism began in mainland Tanzania during the late 19th century when Germany formed German East Africa , which gave way to British rule following World War I . The mainland was governed as Tanganyika , with the Zanzibar Archipelago remaining a separate colonial jurisdiction . Following their respective independence in 1961 and 1963 , the two entities merged in April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania . Tanzania is mountainous and densely forested in the northeast , where Mount Kilimanjaro is located . Three of Africa 's Great Lakes are partly within Tanzania . To the north and west lie Lake Victoria , Africa 's largest lake , and Lake Tanganyika , the continent 's deepest lake , known for its unique species of fish . The eastern shore is hot and humid , with the Zanzibar Archipelago just offshore . The Kalambo water falls in the southwestern region of Rukwa are the second highest uninterrupted fall in Africa and are located near the southeastern shore of Lake Tanganyika on the border with Zambia . The Menai Bay Conservation Area is Zanzibar 's largest marine protected area . Over 100 different languages are spoken in Tanzania , making it the most linguistically diverse country in East Africa . Among the languages spoken in Tanzania are all four of Africa 's language families : Bantu , Cushitic , Nilotic , and Khoisan . Swahili and English are Tanzania 's official languages . A highly multilingual country , Swahili is used in parliamentary debate , in the lower courts , and as a medium of instruction in primary school ; and English is used in foreign trade , in diplomacy , in higher courts , and as a medium of instruction in secondary and higher education , although the Tanzanian government plans to discontinue English as a language of instruction altogether . In connection with his Ujamaa social policies , President Nyerere encouraged the use of Swahili ; as a means of unifying the country 's many ethnic groups . Approximately 10 % of Tanzanians speak Swahili as a first language , and up to 90 % speak it as a second language . Most Tanzanians thus speak both Swahili and a local language ; many educated Tanzanians are trilingual ; also speaking English . The widespread use and promotion of Swahili is contributing to the decline of smaller languages in the country . Young children increasingly speak Swahili as a first language , mostly in urban areas . Tanzania-Malawi relations have been tense because of a dispute over the countries ' Lake Nyasa ( Lake Malawi ) border . An unsuccessful mediation regarding this issue happened in March 2014 . The two countries agreed in 2013 to ask the International Court of Justice ( ICJ ) to resolve the dispute should mediation be unsuccessful . Malawi , but not Tanzania , has accepted the compulsory jurisdiction of the ICJ .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c925ab84aa0fd4121e1859d6a995d2ab", "text": "Indian Ocean The Indian Ocean is the third largest of the world 's oceanic divisions , covering 70,560,000 km2 ( approximately 20 % of the water on the Earth 's surface ) . It is bounded by Asia on the north , on the west by Africa , on the east by Australia , and on the south by the Southern Ocean or , depending on definition , by Antarctica . It is named after India . The Indian Ocean is known as Ratnākara , `` the mine of gems '' in ancient Sanskrit literature , and as Hind Mahāsāgar , in Hindi .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "7e055da0a3459f109c7fe14bcf0062a5", "text": "Mwanda Peak Mwanda Peak is the highest topographical point in the border of Zambia . It is located near the border with Malawi in the thin northeastern arm of Eastern Province , and sits in the Nyika Plateau .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "21290dcae9559881c812ade96b51aae7", "text": "List of companies of Mozambique Mozambique , officially the Republic of Mozambique , is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . The economy of Mozambique has developed since the end of the Mozambican Civil War ( 1977 -- 1992 ) , but the country is still one of the world 's poorest and most underdeveloped . The resettlement of civil war refugees and successful economic reform have led to a high growth rate : the country enjoyed a remarkable recovery , achieving an average annual rate of economic growth of 8 % between 1996 and 2006 and between 6 % -- 7 % from 2006 to 2011 . Also , more than 1,200 state-owned enterprises ( mostly small ) have been privatised . Preparations for privatisation and/or sector liberalisation are underway for the remaining parastatal enterprises , including telecommunications , energy , ports , and railways.done", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0", "text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e776cc5cfaed0149fcf52066e462840b", "text": "Water mass An oceanographic water mass is identifiable body of water with a common formation history which has physical properties distinct from surrounding water . Properties include temperature , salinity , chemical - isotopic ratios , and other physical quantities . Water masses are generally distinguished not only by their respective tracers ( see above ) but also by their location in the Worlds ' oceans . Water masses are also distinguished by their vertical position , so that there are surface water masses , intermediate water masses and deep water masses . Common water masses in the world ocean are : Antarctic Bottom Water ( AABW ) , North Atlantic Deep Water ( NADW ) , Circumpolar Deep Water ( CDW ) , Antarctic Intermediate Water ( AAIW ) , Subantarctic Mode Water ( SAMW ) , Arctic Intermediate Water ( AIW ) , the central waters of various oceanic basins , and various ocean surface waters .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4cb0a54b67b8dfb59d6c2f8c358ad612", "text": "Sumbawanga Sumbawanga is a city located in western Tanzania . It is the capital of Rukwa Region . The regional population is approximately 150,000 based on a 2002 census . Sumbawanga lies in the territory of the Wafipa Fipa tribe and so many people speak Kifipa , as well as Kiswahili , the most widely used language of Tanzania . The name of the town literally translates as `` throw away your witchcraft '' , thought to be a warning from local spiritual `` healers '' to any bringing in superstitions and practices relating to spiritual healers from other areas ; there are still some healers who practice both in town and in the surrounding smaller villages on the plateau . The town has the largest hospital in the region , Rukwa General Hospital , which is government funded , as well as the smaller Dr. Atiman Hospital administrated and run by the Catholic Diocese of Sumbawanga . The town acts as a supply and commercial center for the Rukwa Region and some governmental agencies are to be found there , notably the transport department for the region . Sumbawanga has both Libori and Moravian conference centres . A modest-size market is in the town centre where local produce may be found . This includes maize , rice , fruit , poultry and fish ( from Lake Tanganyika and Lake Rukwa ) . Many imported plastic goods and electronics are available as well as bicycles and spares . Although there are several fuel outlets , supply can be quite erratic because of the difficulties of transport from the coast . The local economy is largely dependent on agriculture and small locally owned businesses . There is very limited industry or production in the town . Significant improvement could be expected if the road to Mbeya was sealed to enable reliable all-weather access year round . This road , and its continuation north to Mpanda and Tabora or Kigoma , can become impassable at the height of the wet season ( Feb-Mar ) . The Tanzanian government does have contracts in place for upgrading large sections of these roads . The town can be reached by flights operated by Auric Air or by bus from Mbeya which lies to the south with train links to the town of Kapiri Mposhi in Zambia , to Dar es Salaam . Rail is also available through Tabora from Mpanda in the north . Mpanda also has an airport with a 2km sealed runway . Sumbawanga has many schools and colleges , including Chem Chem Secondary School , Sumbawanga Secondary School , St. Aggrey Chanji High School , Mazwi Secondary School , St. Aggrey Teaching College , Musoma Utalii College , and Chem Chem Teaching College .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1be0a383ecd64e8184d74ff814ea1bd3", "text": "Shinyanga Region __ NOTOC __ Shinyanga Region is one of Tanzania 's 30 administrative regions . The regional capital is the municipality of Shinyanga . According to the 2012 national census , the region had a population of 1,534,808 . For 2002-2012 , the region 's 2.1 percent average annual population growth rate was the twentieth highest in the country . It was also the tenth most densely populated region with 81 people per square kilometer . With a size of 50781 km2 , the region is slightly smaller than Costa Rica ( 51100 km2 ) . The region is bordered to the north by the Mwanza , Mara , and Kagera Regions and to the south by the Tabora Region . Kigoma Region borders to the west , Singida Region to the southeast , and the Arusha and Manyara Regions to the east .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9bd149962af5f092c74b2e7aba244372", "text": "Comoros The Comoros ( -LSB- ˈkɒməroʊz -RSB- جزر القمر , ) , officially the Union of the Comoros ( Comorian : Udzima wa Komori , Union des Comores , الاتحاد القمري ) , is a sovereign archipelago island nation in the Indian Ocean located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel off the eastern coast of Africa between northeastern Mozambique and northwestern Madagascar . Other countries near the Comoros are Tanzania to the northwest and the Seychelles to the northeast . Its capital is Moroni , on Grande Comore . The Union of the Comoros has three official languages -- Comorian , Arabic and French . The religion of the majority of the population is Islam . At 1660 km2 , excluding the contested island of Mayotte , the Comoros is the third-smallest African nation by area . The population , excluding Mayotte , is estimated at 798,000 . As a nation formed at a crossroads of different civilisations , the archipelago is noted for its diverse culture and history . The archipelago was first inhabited by Bantu speakers who came from East Africa , supplemented by Arab and Austronesian immigration . The country consists of three major islands and numerous smaller islands , all in the volcanic Comoros archipelago . The major islands are commonly known by their French names : northwestern-most Grande Comore ( Ngazidja ) ; Mohéli ( Mwali ) ; and Anjouan ( Nzwani ) . In addition , the country has a claim on a fourth major island , southeastern-most Mayotte ( Maore ) , though Mayotte voted against independence from France in 1974 , has never been administered by an independent Comoros government , and continues to be administered by France ( currently as an overseas department ) . France has vetoed United Nations Security Council resolutions that would affirm Comorian sovereignty over the island . In addition , Mayotte became an overseas department and a region of France in 2011 following a referendum passed overwhelmingly . It became part of the French colonial empire in the 19th century before becoming independent in 1975 . Since declaring independence , the country has experienced more than 20 coups d'état or attempted coups , with various heads of state assassinated . Along with this constant political instability , the population of the Comoros lives with the worst income inequality of any nation , with a Gini coefficient over 60 % , while also ranking in the worst quartile on the Human Development Index . about half the population lived below the international poverty line of US$ 1.25 a day . The Comoros is a member state of the African Union , Francophonie , Organisation of Islamic Cooperation , Arab League ( of which it is the southernmost state , being the only member state of the Arab League with a tropical climate and also entirely within the Southern Hemisphere ) and the Indian Ocean Commission .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab09257ffc01e023707ba3efca41aefb", "text": "Bunda District Bunda is one of the seven districts of Mara Region in the United Republic of Tanzania , East Africa . It is bordered to the North by the Musoma Rural District and Butiama District , to the east by Serengeti District , to the South by Bariadi District and Busega District , and to the west by Lake Victoria . The district administration town is also called Bunda , located on the north-south trans-national all tarmac highway from Kenya to Zambia via Tarime and the lakeside municipalities of Musoma , Mwanza , and thereon to Mbeya in southern Tanzania . The district has four divisions , namely : Kenkombyo , Nansimo , Serengeti and Chamuriho . Bunda Town , a small town 70 km south of Musoma and west of the Serengeti National Park serves as the district 's capital . According to the 2012 Tanzania National Census , the population of Bunda District was 335,061 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cd6dec529ade605ff46c5a06ee098eae", "text": "Postage stamps and postal history of Uganda This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Uganda . Uganda is a landlocked country in East Africa . It is bordered on the east by Kenya , on the north by South Sudan , on the west by the Democratic Republic of the Congo , on the southwest by Rwanda , and on the south by Tanzania . The southern part of the country includes a substantial portion of Lake Victoria , which is also bordered by Kenya and Tanzania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ae0d3c147b2b082f26a35cf3dc9f222", "text": "Central Corridor (Africa) The Central Corridor is a transport and trading route located in East and Central Africa . Its end point is the Tanzanian port city of Dar es Salaam , where it connects to the rest of the world via shipping . From Dar es Salaam , the corridor runs inland , serving the Tanzanian interior including its capital Dodoma and second city of Mwanza , as well as landlocked Rwanda and Burundi , and the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo . The Central Corridor provides an alternative route to the ocean from Rwandan , Burundi and the DRC from the higher traffic Northern Corridor , which runs through Uganda and Kenya to the port of Mombasa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6c153a39eb4576b557133768a65200ba", "text": "Arusha Arusha is a city in northern Tanzania and the capital of the Arusha Region , with a population of 416,442 plus 323,198 in the surrounding Arusha District ( 2012 census ) . Located below Mount Meru on the eastern edge of the eastern branch of the Great Rift Valley , Arusha has a temperate climate . The city is close to the Serengeti National Park , the Ngorongoro Conservation Area , Lake Manyara National Park , Olduvai Gorge , Tarangire National Park , Mount Kilimanjaro , and Arusha National Park on Mount Meru . Arusha is a major international diplomatic hub . The city hosts the East African Community . From 1994 to 2015 , the city also hosted the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda , but that entity has ceased operations . It is a multicultural city with a majority Tanzanian population of mixed backgrounds : indigenous African , Arab-Tanzanian and Indian-Tanzanian population , plus a small White European and a white American minority population . Religions of the Arushan population include Christianity , Islam , and Hinduism .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0e5c6c9b96fc68f2cc9b679aa52b20ec", "text": "Kilimanjaro National Park Kilimanjaro National Park is a Tanzanian national park , located 300 km south of the equator and in Kilimanjaro Region , Tanzania . The park is located near the city of Moshi . The park includes the whole of Mount Kilimanjaro above the tree line and the surrounding montane forest belt above 1820 m . It covers an area of 1688 sqkm , 2 ° 50 ' -- 3 ° 10 'S latitude , 37 ° 10 ' -- 37 ° 40 ' E longitude . The park is administered by the Tanzania National Parks Authority ( TANAPA ) . The park generated US $ 51 million in revenue in 2013 , the second-most of any Tanzanian national park , and was one of only two Tanzanian national parks to generate a surplus during the 2012-13 budget year . ( The Ngorongoro Conservation Area , which includes the heavily visited Ngorongoro Crater , is not a national park . ) The fees for park usage and for climbing Mount Kilimanjaro during the 2015-16 budget year are published on the Internet . TNPA has reported that the park recorded 58,460 tourists during the 2012-13 budget year , of whom 54,584 were foreigners . Of the park 's 57,456 tourists during the 2011-12 budget year , 16,425 hiked the mountain , which was well below the capacity of 28,470 as specified in the park 's General Management Plan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "02db6e986194aa74d75a008905c361fd", "text": "Transkei The Transkei ( -LSB- trɑːnsˈkeɪ , _ - ˈkaɪ , _ trænz - -RSB- , meaning the area beyond -LSB- the river -RSB- Kei ) , officially the Republic of Transkei ( iRiphabliki yeTranskei ) , was a Bantustan -- an area set aside for members of a specific ethnicity -- and nominal parliamentary democracy in the southeastern region of South Africa . Its capital was Umtata , which was renamed Mthatha in 2004 . Transkei represented a significant precedent and historic turning point in South Africa 's policy of apartheid and `` separate development '' ; it was the first of four territories to be declared independent of South Africa . Throughout its existence , it remained an internationally unrecognised , diplomatically isolated , politically unstable de facto one-party state , which at one point broke relations with South Africa , the only country that acknowledged it as a legal entity . In 1994 , it was reintegrated into its larger neighbour and became part of the Eastern Cape province .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d76ae46b3fdc68282b6069552518add0", "text": "Geology of Burundi The geology of Burundi consists largely of metamorphic rocks of Proterozoic age with inliers of basement rocks of Archaean age . The former are metasediments of the Burundian and Malagaarasian Supergroups which are of Meso - and Neoproterozoic age , respectively . Granites intrude the rocks from the Burndian Supergroup along a 350km zone of mafic and ultramafic intrusions . Just like Tanzania , the Malagarasian Supergroup has Neoproterozoic rocks . The top of this group contains the Kibago Group , which consists of sandstones , quartzites , shales , and a basal conglomerate . The Western Rift around and northwards of Bujumbura is partly filled by Cenozoic sediments .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e5eba1baa840910ff116e08dd4f7050a", "text": "Lake Rukwa Lake Rukwa is an endorheic lake in the Rukwa Valley of southwestern Tanzania . The alkaline Lake Rukwa lies midway between Lake Tanganyika and Lake Nyasa at an elevation of about 800 m , in a parallel branch of the rift system . Almost half of the lake lies in Uwanda Game Reserve . The lake has seen large fluctuations in its size over the years , due to varying inflow of streams . Currently it is about 180 km long and averages about 32 km wide , making it about 5760 km2 in size . In 1929 it was only about 48 km long , but in 1939 it was about 128 km long and 40 km wide . The lake may at times have been even higher and linked Lake Tanganyika with Lake Malawi ; ancient shorelines suggest a final date of overflow into Tanganyika of 33,000 BP .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bee55c354356ede8cba03bd4e9f9be59", "text": "List of endangered languages in Africa An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use , generally because it has few surviving speakers . If it loses all of its native speakers , it becomes an extinct language . UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between `` safe '' ( not endangered ) and `` extinct '' : Vulnerable Definitely endangered Severely endangered Critically endangered Africa is the world 's second-largest and second most-populous continent . At about 30.2 million km ² ( 11.7 million sq mi ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of the Earth 's total surface area and 20.4 % of the total land area . With about 922 million people ( as of 2005 ) in 61 territories , it accounts for about 14.2 % of the world 's human population . The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , the Suez Canal and the Red Sea to the northeast , the Indian Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . There are 53 countries , including Madagascar and all the island groups .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3ac24336809337dc65f3e4d7bef38b17", "text": "Songwe Bridge Songwe Bridge is an international bridge across the Songwe River linking Malawi and Tanzania .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "01e8bc0de045814cf556463bf33756ec", "text": "Shore A shore or a shoreline is the fringe of land at the edge of a large body of water , such as an ocean , sea , or lake . In physical oceanography , a shore is the wider fringe that is geologically modified by the action of the body of water past and present , while the beach is at the edge of the shore , representing the intertidal zone where there is one . In contrast to a coast , a shore can border any body of water , while the coast must border an ocean ; in that sense a coast is a type of shore ; however , coast often refers to an area far wider than the shore , often streaching miles into the interior . Shores are influenced by the topography of the surrounding landscape , as well as by water induced erosion , such as waves . The geological composition of rock and soil dictates the type of shore which is created .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0830dbdaddf132f3e38d7eedef9e2e33", "text": "Continental Divide of the Americas The Continental Divide of the Americas ( also known as the Great Divide , the Continental Gulf of Division , or merely the Continental Divide ) is the principal , and largely mountainous , hydrological divide of the Americas . The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan , and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from ( 1 ) those river systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean ( including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ) , and ( 2 ) along the northernmost reaches of the Divide , those river systems that drain into the Arctic Ocean . Though there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas , the Great Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes , at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions . __ TOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "729caf9e1bd231e0157f220e9ee70fbe", "text": "Kigoma Region Kigoma Region is one of Tanzania 's 30 administrative regions . The regional capital is the city of Kigoma . According to the 2012 national census , the region had a population of 2,127,930 , which was higher than the pre-census projection of 1,971,332 . For 2002-2012 , the region 's 2.4 percent average annual population growth rate was tied for the fourteenth highest in the country . It was also the sixteenth most densely populated region with 57 people per square kilometer . With a size of 45066 km2 , the region is slightly smaller than Estonia ( 45227 km2 ) .", "title": "" } ]
fever
283b9eea55857cdd6693403052186c35
Mother Teresa was canonised by the church on September 4 2016.
[ { "docid": "c6b3b94b92237afefefc8a8039a1cbe4", "text": "Mother Teresa Mother Teresa , known in the Catholic Church as Saint Teresa of Calcutta ( born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu ; -LSB- aˈɲɛzə ˈɡɔndʒɛ bɔjaˈdʒiu -RSB- ; 26 August 1910 -- 5 September 1997 ) , was an Albanian-Indian Roman Catholic nun and missionary . She was born in Skopje ( now the capital of the Republic of Macedonia ) , then part of the Kosovo Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire . After living in Macedonia for eighteen years she moved to Ireland and then to India , where she lived for most of her life . In 1950 Teresa founded the Missionaries of Charity , a Roman Catholic religious congregation which had over 4,500 sisters and was active in 133 countries in 2012 . The congregation manages homes for people dying of HIV/AIDS , leprosy and tuberculosis ; soup kitchens ; dispensaries and mobile clinics ; children 's - and family-counselling programmes ; orphanages , and schools . Members , who take vows of chastity , poverty , and obedience , also profess a fourth vow : to give `` wholehearted free service to the poorest of the poor '' . Teresa received a number of honours , including the 1962 Ramon Magsaysay Peace Prize and 1979 Nobel Peace Prize . She was canonised ( recognised by the church as a saint ) on 4 September 2016 , and the anniversary of her death ( 5 September ) is her feast day . A controversial figure during her life and after her death , Teresa was admired by many for her charitable work . She was praised and criticised for her opposition to abortion , and criticised for poor conditions in her houses for the dying . Her authorised biography was written by Navin Chawla and published in 1992 , and she has been the subject of films and other books .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "ef2ed239a6bf3928f929d663c8566c7b", "text": "Bengali Christians Bengali Christians also known as Firingis , are adherents of Christianity among the Bengali people . They speak the Bengali language and are native to Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal . The majority of Bengali Christians are Roman Catholics . Christianity took root in Bengal after the arrival of Portuguese voyagers in the 16th century . It witnessed further conversions among the Bengali elite during the 19th century Bengali renaissance . Bengali Christians have made significant contributions to Bengali culture , commerce and society . The region is home to venerable Christian missionary institutions , including the Missionaries of Charity founded by Mother Teresa .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "44784ec7e4d014f12dd3ed90cc52ca2d", "text": "Brian Kolodiejchuk Father Brian Kolodiejchuk , MC , Ph.D. is the postulator of the Cause of Beatification and Canonization of Mother Teresa of Calcutta and director of the Mother Teresa Center . He edited and wrote the commentary for the book Mother Teresa : Come Be My Light , published by Doubleday , on September 4 , 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88f2274790384f57551d67fc73350833", "text": "Gran Madre di Dio Gran Madre di Dio ( Great Mother of God ) is a cardinal 's titular church in Rome . Its current holder is Angelo Bagnasco , Archbishop of Genoa , who was created a cardinal on 24 November 2007 . The church was established as a titular church in 1965 . The monumental temple was built by Pope Pius XI in 1931 , in memory of the celebrations held to commemorate the 1,500 anniversary of the Council of Ephesus , which established the dogma of the divine motherhood and her perpetual virginity of Mary , in the patristic tradition and popular devotion since From the Church . It was built between 1931 and 1933 by architect Cesare Bazzani , built by Clemente Busiri Vici . It is the seat of the parish of the same name , erected by Pius XI on 1 December 1933 , the year of Jubilee extraordinary redemption , in the Apostolic Constitution `` Quo perennius '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d7bafb3d2ad83fbc15db50fdfe81d7b8", "text": "Apostolic Penitentiary The Apostolic Penitentiary , formerly called the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Penitentiary , is one of the three tribunals of the Roman Curia . The Apostolic Penitentiary is chiefly a tribunal of mercy , responsible for issues relating to the forgiveness of sins in the Catholic Church . The Apostolic Penitentiary has jurisdiction only over matters in the internal forum . Its work falls mainly into these categories : the absolution of excommunications latæ sententiæ reserved to the Holy See , the dispensation of sacramental impediments reserved to the Holy See , and the issuance and governance of indulgences . The head of the Apostolic Penitentiary , the Major Penitentiary , is one of the few Vatican officials who retain their positions sede vacante . If the Major Penitentiary is a Cardinal Elector he is one of only three persons in the conclave allowed to communicate with those outside the conclave , so that he can continue to fulfill his duties ( the other two being the Cardinal Vicar of Rome and the Vicar General for the Vatican City State ) . The Major Penitentiary is a Titular Archbishop and is normally a Cardinal . Since 21 September 2013 , the Major Penitentiary is Cardinal Mauro Piacenza . The second-highest-ranking official in the Apostolic Penitentiary , the Regent , is ( since 26 June 2012 ) H.E.Msgr . Krzysztof Józef Nykiel . When Pope Francis , with the Papal Bull Misericordiae Vultus ( Latin : `` The Face of Mercy '' ) decreed that from the Solemnity of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary ( a Holy Day of Obligation ) on Tuesday , December 8 , 2015 , until the Solemnity of the Feast of Christ the King of the Universe on the last Sunday before Advent , in November 2016 , the Church would observe a Special Jubilee Year of Mercy , he said he would let certain qualified priests ( likely somewhat experienced ones , presumably with knowledge of canon law and confession ) serve as `` Missionaries of Mercy '' to each Diocese , with the faculties to absolve even sins that are reserved to the Holy See through the Apostolic Penitentiary . Normally , a priest or even a bishop would not be able to do this unless the person was in danger of imminent death . The Pope has the power , as the earthly absolute sovereign of the Catholic Church , to make this special change for the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5b84874042c3f3ac86c544b1cb6656be", "text": "Maria Angela Astorch Maria Angela Astorch ( née Maria Ines Jerónima Astorch ; 1 September 1592 - 2 December 1665 ) was a Spanish religious figure and mystic . Born in Barcelona , she founded the Capuchin Poor Clares of Zaragoza and Murcia . She died in Murcia and was beatified by Pope John Paul II on 23 May 1982 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5d3c2cd25ad8234c405e0026a91c3a66", "text": "Teresa Kearney Teresa Kearney ( Mother Kevin ) ( 1875-1957 ) was a teacher , Franciscan Sister , and missionary . She was born in Knockenrahan , Arklow , Ireland on April 28 , 1875 . At the age of 17 , she became a Junior Assistant Mistress and taught at a school in Essex , England . On December 2 , 1902 , she left to begin missionary work in Nsambya , Uganda . She worked as a Franciscan Sister of Saint Mary 's Abbey , Mill Hill , London . In 1952 Kearney founded the Franciscan Missionary Sisters for Africa . Kearney 's work in East Africa resulted in the formation of multiple hospitals and training of nurses throughout the region . Her name serves as the root of the word Kevina , meaning `` hospital '' or `` charity institute '' in Uganda .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5f4ca3233409f8b7f41d49b9acdf74a4", "text": "Our Lady of Sorrows Our Lady of Sorrows ( Beata Maria Virgo Perdolens ) , Our Lady of Dolours , the Sorrowful Mother or Mother of Sorrows ( Latin : Mater Dolorosa ) , and Our Lady of Piety , Our Lady of the Seven Sorrows or Our Lady of the Seven Dolours are names by which the Virgin Mary is referred to in relation to sorrows in her life . As Mater Dolorosa , it is also a key subject for Marian art in the Catholic Church . The Seven Sorrows of Mary are a popular Roman Catholic devotion . In common religious Catholic imagery , the Virgin Mary is portrayed in a sorrowful and lacrimating affect , with seven long knives or daggows piercing her heart , often bleeding . Devotional prayers that consist of meditation began to elaborate on her Seven Sorrows based on the prophecy of Simeon . Common examples of piety under this title are Servite rosary , or the Chaplet of the Seven Sorrows of Our Lady and the Seven Joys of Mary and more recently , `` Sorrowful and Immaculate Heart of Mary '' . The feast of Our Lady of Sorrows is liturgically celebrated every 15 September , while a feast of Friday of Sorrows is observed in some Catholic countries .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e6b0829b0e6bd9e34d5e738f18615ce7", "text": "María de la Purísima Salvat Romero Saint María de la Purísima Salvat Romero ( 20 February 1926 -- 31 October 1998 ) , born María Isabel Salvat Romero , was a Spanish Roman Catholic nun and a member of the Sisters of the Company of the Cross . She assumed the name of `` María de la Purísima of the Cross '' after she entered that order . Romero was the successor of Saint Angela of the Cross of the latter 's congregation and was known for her firmness in the progress of the order and in their role as servants of God and His people . Romero was known in her order for her strong commitment to uphold the magisterium of the Church . She was beatified on 18 September 2010 in Seville and a second miracle approved in 2015 paved the path for her eventual canonization . She was proclaimed a saint on 18 October 2015 . As of 2015 , with her death in 1998 , she remains the fastest canonized saint proclaimed as such in recent times , with the exception of Pope John Paul II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "746f06ca72080cdda17b68bde8349737", "text": "Edith Stein Edith Stein , also known as St. Teresa Benedicta of the Cross , OCD ( Teresia Benedicta vom Kreuz , Teresia Benedicta a Cruce 12 October 1891 -- 9 August 1942 ) , was a German Jewish philosopher who converted to Roman Catholicism and became a Discalced Carmelite nun . She is canonized as a martyr and saint of the Catholic Church . She was born into an observant Jewish family , but was an atheist by her teenage years . Moved by the tragedies of World War I , in 1915 she took lessons to become a nursing assistant and worked in a hospital for the prevention of disease outbreaks . After completing her doctoral thesis from the University of Göttingen in 1916 , she obtained an assistantship at the University of Freiburg . From reading the works of the reformer of the Carmelite Order , Teresa of Ávila , she was drawn to the Catholic faith . She was baptized on 1 January 1922 into the Roman Catholic Church . At that point , she wanted to become a Discalced Carmelite nun , but was dissuaded by her spiritual mentors . She then taught at a Catholic school of education in Speyer . As a result of the requirement of an `` Aryan certificate '' for civil servants promulgated by the Nazi government in April 1933 as part of its Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service , she had to quit her teaching position . She was admitted to the Discalced Carmelite monastery in Cologne the following October . She received the religious habit of the Order as a novice in April 1934 , taking the religious name Teresa Benedicta of the Cross ( `` Teresa blessed by the Cross '' ) . In 1938 , she and her sister Rosa , by then also a convert and an extern sister ( tertiaries of the Order , who would handle the community ′ s needs outside the monastery ) , were sent to the Carmelite monastery in Echt , Netherlands for their safety . Despite the Nazi invasion of that state in 1940 , they remained undisturbed until they were arrested by the Nazis on 2 August 1942 and sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp , where they died in the gas chamber on 9 August 1942 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7d577bd3da32d97e71b5890d49fc1521", "text": "Lourdes apparitions The Marian Apparitions at Lourdes were reported in 1858 by Bernadette Soubirous , a 14-year-old miller 's daughter from the town of Lourdes in southern France . From 11 February to 16 July 1858 , she reported 18 apparitions of `` a Lady '' . Soubirous described the lady as wearing a white veil and a blue girdle ; she had a golden rose on each foot and held a rosary of pearls . Despite initial skepticism from the Roman Catholic Church , these claims were eventually declared to be worthy of belief after a canonical investigation , and the apparition is known as Our Lady of Lourdes . According to Soubirous , her visions occurred at the grotto of Massabielle , just outside Lourdes . On 16 July 1858 , Soubirous visited the grotto for the last time and said : `` I have never seen her so beautiful before . '' On 18 January 1860 , the local bishop declared : `` The Virgin Mary did appear indeed to Bernadette Soubirous . '' In 1958 , Pope Pius XII issued the encyclical Le pèlerinage de Lourdes ( `` The pilgrimage to Lourdes '' ) on the 100th anniversary of the apparitions . Pope John Paul II visited Lourdes three times ; Pope Benedict XVI visited Lourdes on 15 September 2008 to commemorate the 150th anniversary of the apparitions . Soubirous was canonized a saint in 1933 by Pope Pius XI .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "12edd62ed1e66c5259d79999e1585fbb", "text": "Marie-Eugène de l'Enfant-Jésus Blessed Marie-Eugene de L'Enfant-Jésus ( 2 December 1894 - 27 March 1967 ) - born Henri Grialou - was a French Roman Catholic priest and a professed member of the Discalced Carmelites of which he was a member of since just after his ordination . Grialou held several positions of leadership within his congregation and was an extensive traveler as a manager of a range of different Carmelite convents and monasteries across the world . He was the founder of the Secular Institute of Notre-Dame de Vie . Grialou was also a noted spiritual writer and wrote at great length on the Carmelite charism as well as on a range of Carmelite luminaries . Grialou 's life was driven with his devotion to the Carmelite charism and to the spreading and promotion of evangelical zeal . His motto in life was `` traditus gratiae Dei '' ( surrendered to the grace of God ) . He ensured that Carmelite teachings and its charism was promoted among the faithful . He was proclaimed to be Venerable on 19 December 2011 after Pope Benedict XVI signed a decree that acknowledged the fact that Grialou lived a life of heroic virtue . One miracle required for beatification received the approval of Pope Francis on 3 March 2016 ; his beatification was celebrated on 19 November 2016 in Avignon and Cardinal Angelo Amato presided over the celebration on the pope 's behalf .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "069b4ab1460986a4c3910615e5c50b8b", "text": "Petershausen Sacramentary The Petershausen Sacramentary is an Ottonian illuminated manuscript of around 960 -- 980 , produced in the scriptorium of Reichenau Abbey and containing the sacramentary and liturgical calendar . It is now held in the Heidelberg University library . The miniature on folio 40 originally opened the manuscript and has been the subject of much debate . It displays attributes of the Virgin Mary and Ecclesia ( personifications of the church ) , but differs from usual representations of either . Her regalia does not follow Northern iconography , being closer to Roman depictions of the Maria Regina . Her necklace and earrings recall the prependoulia of Byzantine crowns , while her patterned tunic and mantle give the appearance of Byzantine silks . Consistent with earlier depictions of Byzantine empresses , interpreted the image as an `` Imperial Virgin '' and suggested it may have been inspired by Theophanu , the Byzantine princess who married Otto II .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "136169fe8b06d2a1847222597cf66dd7", "text": "Paula Montal Fornés Saint Paula Montal Fornés ( 11 October 1799 -- 26 February 1889 ) - in religious Paula of Saint Joseph Calasanz - was a Spanish Roman Catholic professed religious and the foundress of the Sisters of the Pious Schools . Fornés dedicated her religious career to serving as an educator in Barcelona where she founded schools for people in the area . The death of her father when she was ten forced her to help her mother raise her siblings though was free to pursue her religious inclinations once this was achieved ; she and a close friend began setting up a series of schools before formalizing her idea for the establishment of a religious congregation that would be based on education and the establishment of additional schools nationwide . Fornés ' cause for sainthood opened several decades after her death in the 1950s after being titled as a Servant of God ; confirmation of her heroic virtue in 1988 saw her named as Venerable . Pope John Paul II beatified the late religious on 18 April 1993 and later canonized her on 25 November 2001 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9586641cd8286423d701fac3c4ecbf9b", "text": "Shrine of Our Lady of Matara Shrine of Our Lady of Matara is a Roman Catholic church devoted to the Virgin Mary , in the town of Matara , Sri Lanka . The shrine houses a statue of the Virgin Mary holding the infant Jesus . Though the statue 's origins are unknown , church officials claim that it is 400 years old . The statue has been damaged , lost and recovered more than once , most recently during the 2004 tsunami in Asia , which damaged the shrine and killed 24 people attending Sunday Mass. . The church celebrated its centenary year in 2007 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b1e845097a223c1274eb36e067851a72", "text": "Impensiore Caritate Impensiore Caritate ( October 28 , 1951 ) , is an Apostolic Letter of Pope Pius XII to the persecuted bishops , priests , and faithful of Czechoslovakia . `` With deepest love and affection '' Pope Pius writes to those , who face trials and suffering because of heir faithfulness to the Church . He is fully aware of their suffering . The Pope continues that Catholic religion is in a position , to unify the country , further its peace and justice , deepen mutual respect and love , guarantee human rights and contribute to its cultural development . But , robbed of its legal rights and freedoms , she can not fulfil her public and private missions to individuals , families and the general welfare of society . We know only too well , that some of your bishops are imprisoned , in concentration camps , arrested in their own homes , or completely surveillanced , and thus unable to carry out their proper missions . In the same miserable condition are hundreds and hundreds of priests , male and female religious , and a large number of lay people , who are seen as enemies of the State . All they do is to lead a Christian life , an honourable thing to do . Nobody can claim , that Catholics are less perfect or loyal citizen , since there is no imposition from faith , which would limit love and obedience to country . The Pope is mostly concerned with the cunning ways of seducing the young . The damage could be enormous over time . He is also concerned that the Pope is described as an enemy of the people , accused of starting another war , although , he , the Pope works endlessly for peace and reconciliation . Attempts are made in Czechoslovakia , to create a peace-loving renegade Church , separate from Rome . Faced will all these difficulties , Pope Pius urges his readers to be courageous . These are not he first trials for the faithful in heir long history . But their forefathers remained faithful to the Church even in the most trying of times . They may take your freedom , mistreat you , despise you publicly , throw you in jail , they may even kill you , but hey can never take the Catholic faith from your hearts or besmirch your conscience . They may turn you into martyrs but they can never turn you into traitors of your Christian faith Pope Pius reviews the great Czechoslovakian saints as shining examples of faith and loyalty , the Saints , Saint Adalbert , Saints Cyril and Saint Methodius , and Saint Wenceslas . He asks for prayers for their intercessions and to the Virgin Mary . May all these prayers give back the full freedom of religion , a freedom which the Church uses to further understanding and progress . May all those now in concentration camps , be allowed to return to their homes and families . May freedom and inner peace and justice return to the whole nation . He , the Pope suffers with them every day . But these trials and pains are accepted by God our Father , who transforms them into a large stream of abundant blessings . The letter closes with the Apostolic blessings to all especially those who suffer persecution for justice .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "88c84e9fa6430a3081d5c9bedebdd975", "text": "St. Mary's Cathedral, Jammu The St. Mary 's Cathedral also called Garrison Church is the name given to a religious building that is affiliated with the Catholic Church and is located in the city of Jammu , the state capital of Jammu and Kashmir , in north part of the Asian country of India . The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and is the mother or main church of the Diocese of Jammu-Srinagar ( Dioecesis Iammuensis-Srinagarensis ) which was raised to its current status in 1986 by bull `` Qui Sanctissimi numinis '' of Pope John Paul II . It is under the pastoral responsibility of the Bishop Ivan Pereira who was appointed to that position by Pope Francis in 2014 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc614ce6d0ac6d4b5e0f30cb713574d2", "text": "Dominic Savio Dominic Savio ( Domenico Savio April 2 , 1842 -- March 9 , 1857 ) was an Italian adolescent student of Saint John Bosco . He was studying to be a priest when he became ill and died at the age of 14 , possibly from pleurisy . His teacher , John Bosco , regarded Savio very highly , and wrote a biography of his young student , The Life of Dominic Savio . This volume , along with other accounts of him , were critical factors in his cause for sainthood . Despite the fact that many people considered him to have died at too young an age -- fourteen -- to be considered for sainthood , he was considered eligible for such singular honour on the basis of his having displayed `` heroic virtue '' in his everyday life . He is the only person of his age group who was declared a saint not on the basis of his having been a martyr , but on the basis of having lived what was seen as a holy life . Savio was canonised a saint on June 12 , 1954 , by Pope Pius XII , making him the youngest non-martyr to be canonised in the Catholic Church , until the canonizations of Jacinta and Francisco Marto , the pious visionaries of Fatima , in 2017 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "248d186877b8c7fceb6facd62ff59a99", "text": "Works of mercy Works of mercy ( sometimes known as acts of mercy ) are practices which Christians perform . The practice is popular in the Catholic Church as an act of both penance and charity . In addition , the Methodist church teaches that the works of mercy are a means of grace which lead to holiness and aid in sanctification . The works of mercy have been traditionally divided into two categories , each with seven elements : `` Corporal works of mercy '' which concern the material needs of others . `` Spiritual works of mercy '' which concern the spiritual needs of others . Pope John Paul II issued a papal encyclical `` Dives in misericordia '' on 30 November 1980 declaring that `` Jesus Christ taught that man not only receives and experiences the mercy of God , but that he is also called `` to practice mercy '' towards others . Another notable devotion associated with the works of mercy is the Divine Mercy , which are reputed to be apparitions of Jesus Christ to Saint Faustina Kowalska .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "347667df3caac49c595e99e5bb797d21", "text": "Torreciudad Torreciudad is the name of a Marian shrine in Aragon , Spain , built by Josemaría Escrivá , the founder of Opus Dei , and consecrated on July 7 , 1975 , under the title of Our Lady of Torreciudad . Devotion to Mary under the title of Virgin of Torreciudad is said to date back to the eleventh century . The Torreciudad Trust is responsible for the upkeep of the shrine and its financial needs . The shrine was designed by architect Heliodoro Dols who supervised the construction with the assistance of the architects Santiago Sols and Ramon Mondejar . The main church contains several outstanding features in the alabaster altarpiece by Juan Mayné , and the Blessed Sacrament chapel with its bronze figure of the crucified Christ , by Pasquale Sciancalepore . The crypt contains a chapel dedicated to the Holy Family , as well as three confessional chapels respectively dedicated to Mary under the titles of Virgin of Loreto , Virgin of the Pillar and Virgin of Guadalupe . The covered archways on the esplanade contain ceramic depictions by José Alzuet of the joyful , sorrowful and glorious mysteries of the rosary . An old hermitage on the grounds originally housed the original statue of Our Lady of Torreciudad before it was transferred to the new church . Many pilgrims visit northern Aragon to pray at the shrine . Spiritual activities at the Shrine are entrusted to the Opus Dei Prelature . The shrine is open every day of the year .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a1a1d75ee4f654040460290603dd8c91", "text": "Marie-Élisabeth Turgeon Blessed Marie-Élisabeth Turgeon ( 7 February 1840 -- 17 August 1881 ) , born Élisabeth Turgeon , was a Roman Catholic Canadian nun and was the founder of the Sisters of Our Lady of the Rosary . She assumed the name of Marie-Élisabeth as her religious name after she became a nun . Turgeon was cleared for beatification in 2014 after a miracle that had found to have been attributed to her intercession was cleared . She was beatified on 26 April 2015 in Canada by Cardinal Angelo Amato on behalf of Pope Francis .", "title": "" } ]
fever
361e3da9c54251eacde02d1646d20318
Pulp Fiction was written by Quentin Tarantino.
[ { "docid": "935493da7e86165f968a2b2b0986a987", "text": "Pulp Fiction Pulp Fiction is a 1994 American black comedy neo-noir crime film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino , from a story by Tarantino and Roger Avary . Directed in a highly stylized manner , Pulp Fiction connects the intersecting storylines of Los Angeles mobsters , fringe players , small-time criminals , and a mysterious briefcase . The film 's title refers to the pulp magazines and hardboiled crime novels popular during the mid-20th century , known for their graphic violence and punchy dialogue . The screenplay of Pulp Fiction was written in 1992 and 1993 , and incorporated some scenes originally written by Avary for True Romance . Its plot , as in many of Tarantino 's other works , is presented out of chronological order . The film is also self-referential from its opening moments , beginning with a title card that gives two dictionary definitions of `` pulp '' . Considerable screen time is devoted to monologues and casual conversations with eclectic dialogue revealing each character 's perspectives on several subjects , and the film features an ironic combination of humor and strong violence . Its script was reportedly turned down by Columbia TriStar as `` too demented '' . Miramax co-chairman Harvey Weinstein was instantly enthralled with it , however , and the film became the first that Miramax fully financed . Pulp Fiction won the Palme d'Or at the 1994 Cannes Film Festival , and was a major critical and commercial success upon its U.S. release . It revitalized the careers of John Travolta ( who received an Academy Award nomination ) , Samuel L. Jackson , and Uma Thurman . It was also nominated for seven Oscars , including Best Picture ; Tarantino and Avary won for Best Original Screenplay . The nature of its development , marketing , and distribution -- and its consequent profitability -- had a sweeping effect on the field of independent cinema . Since its release , Pulp Fiction has been widely regarded as Tarantino 's masterpiece , with particular praise singled out for its screenwriting . The film 's self-reflexivity , unconventional structure , and extensive use of homage and pastiche have led critics to describe it as a touchstone of postmodern film . It is often considered a cultural watershed , with a strong influence felt not only in later movies that adopted various elements of its style , but in several other media as well . A 2008 Entertainment Weekly poll named it the best film since 1983 , and the work has appeared on many critics ' lists of the greatest films ever made . In 2013 , Pulp Fiction was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f021cd08fe5f6efac6e59e427d202e3", "text": "Quentin Tarantino Quentin Jerome Tarantino ( -LSB- ˌtærənˈtiːnoʊ -RSB- born March 27 , 1963 ) is an American director , writer , and actor . His films are characterized by nonlinear storylines , satirical subject matter , an aestheticization of violence , extended scenes of dialogue , ensemble casts consisting of established and lesser-known performers , references to popular culture , soundtracks primarily containing songs and score pieces from the 1960s to the 1980s , and features of neo-noir film . He is widely considered one of the greatest filmmakers of his generation . His career began in the late 1980s , when he wrote and directed My Best Friend 's Birthday , the screenplay of which formed the basis for True Romance . In the early 1990s , he began his career as an independent filmmaker with the release of Reservoir Dogs in 1992 ; regarded as a classic and cult hit , it was called the `` Greatest Independent Film of All Time '' by Empire . Its popularity was boosted by his second film , Pulp Fiction ( 1994 ) , a black comedy crime film that was a major success both among critics and audiences . Judged the greatest film from 1983 -- 2008 by Entertainment Weekly , many critics and scholars have named it one of the most significant works of modern cinema . For his next effort , Tarantino paid homage to the blaxploitation films of the 1970s with Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , an adaptation of the novel Rum Punch . Kill Bill , a highly stylized `` revenge flick '' in the cinematic traditions of Kung fu films , Japanese martial arts , Spaghetti Westerns and Italian horror , followed six years later , and was released as two films : Volume 1 in 2003 and Volume 2 in 2004 . Tarantino directed Death Proof ( 2007 ) as part of a double feature with friend Robert Rodriguez , under the collective title Grindhouse . His long-postponed Inglourious Basterds , which tells the fictional alternate history story of two plots to assassinate Nazi Germany 's political leadership , was released in 2009 to positive reviews . After that came 2012 's critically acclaimed Django Unchained , a Western film set in the antebellum era of the Deep South . It became the highest-grossing film of his career so far , making over $ 425 million at the box office . His eighth film , the mystery Western The Hateful Eight , was released in its roadshow version December 25 , 2015 , in 70 mm film format , complete with opening `` overture '' and halfway-point intermission , after the fashion of big-budget films of the 1960s and early 1970s . Tarantino 's films have garnered both critical and commercial success . He has received many industry awards , including two Academy Awards , two Golden Globe Awards , two BAFTA Awards and the Palme d'Or , and has been nominated for an Emmy and a Grammy . He was named one of the 100 Most Influential People in the World by Time in 2005 . Filmmaker and historian Peter Bogdanovich has called him `` the single most influential director of his generation '' . In December 2015 , Tarantino received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the film industry .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "5319436499f21ee222af9e590f4dc2de", "text": "The Wizard of Venus `` The Wizard of Venus '' is a novella by Edgar Rice Burroughs , as well as the title of a collection in which it was later published together with an unrelated story . `` The Wizard of Venus '' is the final story in Burroughs 's Venus series ( sometimes called the `` Carson Napier of Venus series '' ) . Written in 1941 , the piece remained unpublished until 1964 , fourteen years after the author 's death . Burroughs intended it to be the opening piece in a sequence of stories to be brought together later in book form , as he had done in the instance of the previous Venus volume , Escape on Venus . He began the first follow-up tale , only to abandon the project in the wake of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor ; the text of the aborted sequel is now lost . `` The Wizard of Venus '' was first published in the 1964 Burroughs collection Tales of Three Planets together with the unrelated tales `` The Resurrection of Jimber-Jaw '' , `` Beyond the Farthest Star '' and `` Tangor Returns '' . Afterwards it appeared in the collection The Wizard of Venus ( Ace Books , August 1970 ) . This also included the unrelated pirate adventure `` Pirate Blood '' - with a quite unsavory `` hero '' - Johnny LaFitte of Glenora , California - a 20th-century descendant of Jean Lafitte who gets to the distant Vulture 's Island , where his pirate heredity asserts itself in a modern piratical career full of cold-blooded murders and rapes . A subsequent British edition ( New English Library , 1975 ) omitted the unrelated story .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1", "text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "98b3f2107f01cbaac5ebeef654965cf1", "text": "Acid Western Acid Western is a subgenre of the Western film that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s that combines the metaphorical ambitions of critically acclaimed Westerns , like Shane and The Searchers , with the excesses of the Spaghetti Westerns and the outlook of the 1960s counter-culture . Acid Westerns subvert many of the conventions of earlier Westerns to `` conjure up a crazed version of autodestructive white America at its most solipsistic , hankering after its own lost origins '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "72624258d58807ba85fe8f6238ca0eb8", "text": "Basic Instinct Basic Instinct is a 1992 neo-noir erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas , and starring Michael Douglas and Sharon Stone . The film follows a police detective , Nick Curran ( Douglas ) , who is investigating the brutal murder of a wealthy rock star . During the investigation Curran becomes involved in a torrid and intense relationship with the prime suspect , Catherine Tramell ( Stone ) , an enigmatic writer . Even before its release , Basic Instinct generated heated controversy due to its overt sexuality and graphic depiction of violence . It was strongly opposed by gay rights activists , who criticized the film 's depiction of homosexual relationships and the portrayal of a bisexual woman as a murderous narcissistic psychopath . In a 2006 interview , Stone alleged that the infamous leg-crossing scene in which her vulva was exposed was filmed without her knowledge . Despite initial critical negativity and public protest , Basic Instinct became one of the most financially successful films of the 1990s , grossing $ 352 million worldwide . Several versions of the film have been released on videocassette , DVD , and Blu-ray including a director 's cut with extended footage previously unseen in North American cinemas . The film has contemporarily been recognized for its groundbreaking depictions of sexuality in mainstream Hollywood cinema , and has been referred to by scholars as `` a neo-noir masterpiece that plays with , and transgresses , the narrative rules of film noir . '' A 2006 sequel , Basic Instinct 2 starring Stone was made without Verhoeven 's involvement , but received negative reviews from critics and was unsuccessful at the box office .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "013e3a2969fe4ac676b172d913553bf5", "text": "John Huston John Marcellus Huston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- August 5 , 1906 -- August 28 , 1987 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He wrote the screenplays for most of the 37 feature films he directed , many of which are today considered classics : The Maltese Falcon ( 1941 ) , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ) , The Asphalt Jungle ( 1950 ) , The African Queen ( 1951 ) , The Misfits ( 1961 ) , Fat City ( 1972 ) and The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) . During his 46-year career , Huston received 15 Oscar nominations , won twice , and directed both his father , Walter Huston , and daughter , Anjelica Huston , to Oscar wins in different films . Huston was known to direct with the vision of an artist , having studied and worked as a fine art painter in Paris in his early years . He continued to explore the visual aspects of his films throughout his career : sketching each scene on paper beforehand , then carefully framing his characters during the shooting . While most directors rely on post-production editing to shape their final work , Huston instead created his films while they were being shot , making them both more economical and cerebral , with little editing needed . Most of Huston 's films were adaptations of important novels , often depicting a `` heroic quest , '' as in Moby Dick , or The Red Badge of Courage . In many films , different groups of people , while struggling toward a common goal , would become doomed , forming `` destructive alliances , '' giving the films a dramatic and visual tension . Many of his films involved themes such as religion , meaning , truth , freedom , psychology , colonialism and war . Before becoming a Hollywood filmmaker , he had been an amateur boxer , reporter , short-story writer , portrait artist in Paris , a cavalry rider in Mexico , and a documentary filmmaker during World War II . Huston has been referred to as `` a titan '' , `` a rebel '' , and a `` renaissance man '' in the Hollywood film industry . Author Ian Freer describes him as `` cinema 's Ernest Hemingway '' -- a filmmaker who was `` never afraid to tackle tough issues head on . '' Worked for Ethos Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1333396c5c79152a8a6bf303e0e30095", "text": "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film . TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8bf44d7a2faacfe40846cc0c1337bb6f", "text": "Donnie Brasco (film) Donnie Brasco is a 1997 American crime drama film directed by Mike Newell , and starring Al Pacino and Johnny Depp . Michael Madsen , Bruno Kirby , James Russo , and Anne Heche appeared in supporting roles . The film is based on the true story of Joseph D. Pistone ( Depp ) , an FBI undercover agent who infiltrated the Mafia Bonanno crime family in New York City during the 1970s , under the alias Donnie Brasco , a.k.a. `` The Jewel Man '' . Brasco maneuvers his way into the confidence of an aging hit-man , Lefty Ruggiero ( Pacino ) , who vouches for him . As Donnie moves deeper into the Mafia , he realizes that not only is he crossing the line between federal agent and criminal , but also leading his friend Lefty to an almost certain death . It was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay . The adaptation of the book by Joseph D. Pistone and Richard Woodley was by screenwriter Paul Attanasio . The film was a box office success , earning $ 124.9 million against a $ 35 million budget , and receiving critical acclaim .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51", "text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666", "text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9b81662afbcb3753d694d1c0bd2985ca", "text": "Pulp (2012 film) Pulp is a British comedy film directed by Adam Hamdy and Shaun Magher , starring Jay Sutherland and John Thomson On March 2013 it was released exclusively on Xbox Live , becoming the first feature film to be distributed via a games console platform .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514", "text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "43b0305c9b11efa9b4f3e8bd0a82be28", "text": "Cleaner (crime) A cleaner , or fixer , is a person who `` cleans up '' after crimes to physically erase their trace or uses pressure or bribes to limit fallout from a criminal act . A fixer plays a similar but often less hands-on role , often minimizing bad publicity for public officials or media figures by quelling stories of their misadventures , but also capable of more heavyhanded tactics , as necessary . A cleaner may destroy or remove incriminating evidence at the scene of a crime . A popular figure in crime fiction , a cleaner may also be a contract killer who commits murder to `` clean up '' a situation . Cleaner is also a slang term for someone , usually a member of a crime organization or a covert government agency , who disposes of a corpse after a hit . In contrast , legal crime scene cleanup is a legitimate industry , eliminating blood and other biohazardous materials such as dangerous chemicals used in an illegal drug lab as permitted by responsible authorities . A fictional example of a cleaner is Shoulders from the comic strip Dick Tracy . More contemporary are the roles played by Jean Reno as Victor in the film La Femme Nikita ( 1990 ) , Harvey Keitel as Victor in Point of No Return ( 1993 ) , and a year later as a Mr. Wolf in Quentin Tarantino 's Pulp Fiction ( 1994 ) ( parodied on Seinfeld ` s episode 155 , `` The Muffin Tops '' ( 1997 ) , where Newman makes the problem of leftover muffin stumps go away by eating them ) , and George Clooney as the title character in Michael Clayton . On television , similar roles are played by Jonathan Banks as Mike Ehrmantraut in the TV series Breaking Bad and its prequel , Better Call Saul , Liev Schreiber in the title role of Showtime 's Ray Donovan , Paige Turco as recurring character Zoe Morgan in Person of Interest , and Susan Blommaert as `` Mr. Kaplan '' in The Blacklist .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6", "text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b2d8d1f11427c79034d33932b464e996", "text": "Cyberpunk derivatives A number of cyberpunk derivatives have become recognized as distinct subgenres in speculative fiction . These derivatives , though they do not share cyberpunk 's computers-focused setting , may display other qualities drawn from or analogous to cyberpunk : a world built on one particular technology that is extrapolated to a highly sophisticated level ( this may even be a fantastical or anachronistic technology , akin to retro-futurism ) , a gritty transreal urban style , or a particular approach to social themes . The most successful of these subgenres , Steampunk , has been defined as a `` kind of technological fantasy '' , and others in this category sometimes also incorporate aspects of science fantasy and historical fantasy . Scholars have written of these subgenres ' stylistic place in postmodern literature , and also their ambiguous interaction with the historical perspective of postcolonialism . American author Bruce Bethke coined the term `` cyberpunk '' in his 1980 short story of the same name , proposing it as a label for a new generation of punk teenagers inspired by the perceptions inherent to the Information Age . The term was quickly appropriated as a label to be applied to the works of William Gibson , Bruce Sterling , John Shirley , Rudy Rucker , Michael Swanwick , Pat Cadigan , Lewis Shiner , Richard Kadrey , and others . Science fiction author Lawrence Person , in defining postcyberpunk , summarized the characteristics of cyberpunk thus : Classic cyberpunk characters were marginalized , alienated loners who lived on the edge of society in generally dystopic futures where daily life was impacted by rapid technological change , an ubiquitous datasphere of computerized information , and invasive modification of the human body . The relevance of cyberpunk as a genre to punk subculture is debatable and further hampered by the lack of a defined cyberpunk subculture ; where the small cyber movement shares themes with cyberpunk fiction and draws inspiration from punk and goth alike , cyberculture is much more popular though much less defined , encompassing virtual communities and cyberspace in general and typically embracing optimistic anticipations about the future . Cyberpunk is nonetheless regarded as a successful genre , as it ensnared many new readers and provided the sort of movement that postmodern literary critics found alluring . Furthermore , author David Brin argues , cyberpunk made science fiction more attractive and profitable for mainstream media and the visual arts in general .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be61dab920e437be4c3d47babe991180", "text": "Pulp (paper) Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood , fiber crops or waste paper . The wood fiber sources required for pulping are `` 45 % sawmill residue , 21 % logs and chips , and 34 % recycled paper '' ( Canada , 2014 ) . Many kinds of paper are made from wood with nothing else mixed into them . This includes newspaper , magazines and even toilet paper . Pulp is one of the most abundant raw materials worldwide .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c", "text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a", "text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1", "text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8", "text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e73632a6c1344d4a4c509e1943ff784a", "text": "Space opera Space opera is a subgenre of science fiction that emphasizes space warfare , melodramatic adventure , interplanetary battles , as well as chivalric romance , and often risk-taking . Set mainly or entirely in outer space , it usually involves conflict between opponents possessing advanced abilities , futuristic weapons , and other sophisticated technology . The term has no relation to music but is instead a play on the terms `` soap opera '' and `` horse opera '' , the latter of which was coined during the 1930s to indicate clichéd and formulaic Western movies . Space operas emerged in the 1930s and they continue to be produced in literature , film , comics , and video games . Notable space opera novels include the Foundation series ( 1942 -- 1999 ) by Isaac Asimov , the Lensman series ( 1948-1954 ) by E. E. Smith and the Ender 's Game series ( 1985 -- present ) by Orson Scott Card . An early notable space opera film was Flash Gordon ( 1936 -- present ) created by Alex Raymond . In the late 1970s , the Star Wars franchise ( 1977 -- present ) created by George Lucas brought a great deal of attention to the subgenre .", "title": "" } ]
fever
f4737efeddbc69706fe872c2b1c7e2a6
R. Madhavan set up Tricolour Films.
[ { "docid": "84acc6e5ede345f6fcf8aefcfd7538ad", "text": "R. Madhavan Ranganathan Madhavan ( born 1 June 1970 ) is an Indian actor , writer and film producer . Madhavan has received two Filmfare Awards , an award from the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards alongside recognition and nominations from other organisations . He has been described as one of the few actors in India who is able to achieve pan-Indian appeal , appearing in films from seven different languages . Madhavan began his acting career with television guest appearances , including a role on the Zee TV prime-time soap opera Banegi Apni Baat in 1996 . After appearing in commercials and in small roles , he later gained recognition in the Tamil film industry through Mani Ratnam 's successful romance film Alaipayuthey ( 2000 ) . Madhavan soon developed an image as a romantic hero with notable roles in two of 2001 's highest grossing Tamil films , Gautham Menon 's directorial debut Minnale and Madras Talkies ' Dumm Dumm Dumm . He worked with Mani Ratnam again in the critically acclaimed 2002 film Kannathil Muthamittal playing the father of an adopted girl , whilst he achieved commercial success with his role in N. Linguswamy 's action film , Run ( 2002 ) . Madhavan was cast alongside Kamal Haasan in the 2003 drama Anbe Sivam , which earned him two notable awards for Best Supporting Actor . In 2004 , he gave a critically acclaimed performance as the antagonist in the multi-starrer Aayutha Ezhuthu and the film secured him his first Filmfare Award for the intense portrayal of a rogue . In the mid-2000s , Madhavan also actively pursued a career in Hindi films , by appearing in supporting roles in three highly successful productions , Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra 's Rang De Basanti ( 2006 ) , Mani Ratnam 's biopic Guru ( 2007 ) and Rajkumar Hirani 's 3 Idiots ( 2009 ) , which went on to become the highest grossing Indian film of all time upon release . He simultaneously worked on Tamil films , gaining critical acclaim for his portrayal of a vigilante in his home production Evano Oruvan ( 2007 ) and for the successful bilingual horror film , Yavarum Nalam ( 2009 ) . After appearing in further box office hits , Tanu Weds Manu ( 2011 ) and Vettai ( 2012 ) , Madhavan took a break from acting . Returning after a three-year sabbatical in 2015 , his comeback films , the romantic-comedy Tanu Weds Manu Returns ( 2015 ) and the sports drama Irudhi Suttru ( 2016 ) , both won critical and commercial acclaim . In addition to his acting career , Madhavan has worked as a writer on his films , hosted television programmes and has been a prominent celebrity endorser for brands and products . He has also worked as a film producer , first making Evano Oruvan with Leukos Films , before setting up Tricolour Films to produce Saala Khadoos ( 2016 ) . Madhavan is noted for his philanthropic activities and promotes various causes such as environment , health and education . He is particularly vocal about the protection of animals and was awarded PETA 's Person of the Year recognition in 2012 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "d369322010b6c4360dd40ad396e605c9", "text": "Raashtram Raashtram is a Malayalam language film . It was released in 2006 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d4597c7655463046a10b7e39ad58cc40", "text": "Pramod Payyannur Pramod Payyannur is an Indian director and writer who works in Malayalam theater . Bachelor 's degree with First Rank in Direction from school of Drama & Masters in Professional Arts from Pondichery University , Pursuing PhD . from Viswabharathi University - '' Visual Images in Tagore Literature '' . Kerala State Award for Amateur Drama Director • 2002 - Chomanathudi of Dr. Shivram Karanath • 2010 -- Perukaliyattam of T.V. Kochuvava Kerala State Award for Professional Drama Director • 2002 - Inalakaliley Aakasham produced by KPAC • 2003 - Dravidavritham produced by KPAC ( silver jubily production ) Worked as • Program Chief - Reporter Channel • Senior Correspondent - Manorama News TV • Program Producer - Kairali TV • VIBGYOR National Award for Best Short Film based on Vaikom Mohd . Basheer 's first short story Thangam . • Kerala Chalachithra Academy Award for Best Visual Director and Kerala Film Critics Award for the short film 's based on M.T. Vasudevan Nair 's Keralolpathy , Devamanasam , Sasneham Jeevithatodu National Cultural Department 's Junior Fellowship for the study on Visual Possibilities in Malayalam Myths • M.T. Vasudevan Nair 's - IRUTTINDE AATHMAVU ( 2 shows in ABUDHABI ) • M.T. Vasudevan Nair 's - RANDAAMOOZHAM • O.V. Vijayan 's - KADALTHEERATHU • Vaikom Mohd . Basheer 's - MATHILUKAL • Alber Kamu 's - THE JUST • Bharath Murali 's - MRUTHYUNJAYAN ( was rehearsed and ready to be staged ) Jury Member of Campus Drama Festivals , Kerala State Youth Festivals , Keralotsavam , Atlas -- Kairali Script Competition , Short Film Fest , Kambissery Nadakotsavam , Thoppil Basi Theatre Fest , 6th Bharath Murali Nadakotsavam Abu Dhabi . Directed Vaikom Mohd . Basheer 's Balyakalasakhi and won special jury award for the best Indian Director in Kashmir International Film Fest and Adoor Basi Award for Best Director & Best Film", "title": "" }, { "docid": "76228bc1369702c4c3c6eaea18aa1676", "text": "List of accolades received by Aadukalam Aadukalam ( Arena ) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Vetrimaaran and produced by S. Kathiresan . Vetrimaaran co-wrote the dialogues with Vikram Sugumaran . The film stars Dhanush and Taapsee Pannu in the lead roles with Kishore , V. I. S. Jayapalan , Naren , and Murugadoss playing supporting roles . The musical score was composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar while the cinematography and editing were respectively handled by Velraj and Kishore Te . The film 's story revolves around Karuppu who is the understudy of an experienced cockfighter , Pettaikaran . When Karuppu wins in a cockfight against Pettaikaran 's rival Rathnasamy , Pettaikaran , who is initially happy , becomes jealous of Karuppu 's newfound popularity and plots his downfall . The film was dubbed into Telugu as Pandem Kollu . Produced on a budget of 150-200 million , Aadukalam was released on 14 January 2011 and grossed 300 million according to a February 2011 report by The Economic Times . The film garnered awards and nominations in several categories , with particular praise for its direction , screenplay , Dhanush 's performance , music , cinematography , and editing . As of 2017 , the film has won 33 awards from 52 nominations . Aadukalam won six awards at the 58th National Film Awards ceremony , thereby sharing the record with Kannathil Muthamittal ( 2002 ) for the most number of National Film Awards won by a Tamil film . It won awards under the Best Direction ( Vetrimaaran ) , Best Actor ( Dhanush ) , Best Screenplay ( Original ) ( Vetrimaaran ) , Best Editing ( Kishore Te ) and Best Choreography ( Dinesh Kumar ) categories with a Special Jury Award being presented to V. I. S Jayapalan . The film was nominated in seven categories at the 59th Filmfare Awards South , winning Best Film -- Tamil ( S. Kathiresan ) , Best Director -- Tamil , Best Actor -- Tamil , Best Music Director -- Tamil ( G. V. Prakash Kumar ) , and Best Cinematographer ( Velraj ) . At the 6th Vijay Awards , it was nominated in twenty-two categories and won in five , including Entertainer of the Year , Best Director and Best Music Director . Among other wins , the film received seven Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards , four South Indian International Movie Awards , three Mirchi Music Awards , and one Norway Tamil Film Festival Award , Chennai International Film Festival Award , and Chennai Times Film Award each .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "837fc04e63cd491aa5a598c806d9cda8", "text": "R. K. Films R. K. Films is a film production company , based in R. K. Studio , a film studio both established by and named after the Bollywood actor Raj Kapoor , headquartered at Chembur , Mumbai . It was founded in 1948 , one year after India gained independence . It had a rough start , as its first movie , Aag ( 1948 ) did not perform well at the box office . Most of the R.K. Films productions share a common theme of criticising society and depicting love across social divide", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8c360b133bfa43abcdf39debdf14d907", "text": "Madhu (film) Madhu is a 2006 Tamil-language Indian feature film directed by K. Thennarasu and produced by K.KaliyaMoorthy , starring Githan Ramesh , Priyamani and Ashish Vidyarthi . The film was released in 2006 to negative reviews and went unnoticed .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "caf0c7b9e2fe25818e5a1289d516ce83", "text": "Dileep (actor) Dileep ( born Gopalakrishnan Padmanabhan Pillai , on 27 October 1968 ) is an Indian film actor , singer , impressionist , producer , and businessman . He 's best known for his slapstick comedy roles in Malayalam cinema and he is the Richest superstar and third highest paid actor of malayalm cinema . In a career spanning over a quarter-century , he has starred in more than 130 films . Dileep began his film career in 1991 by assisting director Kamal . He attained popularity through his impressionist acts in stage shows and Comicola , a television comedy series aired on Asianet . His role as Dileep in Manathe Kottaram ( 1994 ) paved way to his acting career . Films such as Sallapam ( 1996 ) , Ee Puzhayum Kadannu ( 1997 ) , Punjabi House ( 1998 ) , Udayapuram Sulthan ( 1999 ) , and Chandranudikkunna Dikhil ( 1999 ) established his status as a prominent actor during the late-1990s . After delivering back-to-back hits in the early-2000s with films such as Thenkasipattanam ( 2000 ) , Joker ( 2000 ) , Ee Parakkum Thalika ( 2001 ) , Ishtam ( 2001 ) , Mazhathullikkilukkam ( 2002 ) and Kalyanaraman ( 2002 ) , Dileep established himself as a bankable lead star in the Malayalam film industry with the blockbuster success of Meesa Madhavan ( 2002 ) . He won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor for his role as Madhavan in Meesa Madhavan . He won his first Kerala State Film Award ( Special Jury ) for his performance as Vimal Kumar ( Kunjan ) in Kunjikoonan ( 2002 ) and later won the Best Actor Award for his performance as Mukkom Shajahan in the film Vellaripravinte Changathi ( 2011 ) . Dileep ventured into production , and produced and starred in C.I.D. Moosa ( 2003 ) under the banner Graand Production . Kathavasheshan ( 2004 ) won Dileep the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Film as a producer . In 2008 , under the banner of Graand Production , Dileep produced Twenty :20 by casting most of the mainstream actors of Malayalam cinema , which had become the highest grossing Malayalam film at that time . He produced the multi-starrer in order to raise funds for the Association of Malayalam Movie Artists ( AMMA ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "641f6a6b7b2e9c92f27ddc2965440693", "text": "Madurai Madurai is a major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . It is the administrative headquarters of Madurai District . Madurai is the third largest city by population in Tamil Nadu , and is the 25th populated city in India . Located on the banks of River Vaigai , Madurai has been a major settlement for two millennia . Madurai has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under Prime Minister Narendra Modi 's flagship Smart Cities Mission . Madurai is closely associated with the Tamil language , and the third Tamil Sangam , a major congregation of Tamil scholars said to have been held in the city . The recorded history of the city goes back to the 3rd century BCE , being mentioned by Megasthenes , the Greek ambassador to the Maurya empire , and Kautilya , a minister of the Mauryan emperor Chandragupta Maurya . Signs of human settlements and Roman trade links dating back to 300BC are evident from excavations by Archeological Survey of India in Manalur . The city is believed to be of significant antiquity and has been ruled , at different times , by the Pandyas , Cholas , Madurai Sultanate , Vijayanagar Empire , Madurai Nayaks , Carnatic kingdom , and the British . The city has a number of historical monuments , with the Meenakshi Amman Temple and Tirumalai Nayak Palace being the most prominent . Madurai is an important industrial and educational hub in South Tamil Nadu . The city is home to various automobile , rubber , chemical and granite manufacturing industries . It has developed as a second-tier city for information technology ( IT ) , and some software companies have opened offices in Madurai . Madurai has important government educational institutes like the Madurai Medical College , Homeopathic Medical College , Madurai Law College , Agricultural College and Research Institute . Madurai city is administered by a municipal corporation established in 1971 as per the Municipal Corporation Act . Madurai is the second corporation in Tamil Nadu next to Chennai corporation . The city covers an area of 147.97 km2 and had a population of 1,017,865 in 2011 . The city is also the seat of a bench of the Madras High Court .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1ffd648700dce80afc6ced992147ad87", "text": "Rajakumaran Tamil film starring Prabhu Rajakumaran ( director ) , Tamil film director", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb632529b74bd80a3952ead7afa516bb", "text": "Ramkumar Ganesan Ramkumar Ganesan is an Indian film producer and actor . He is the head of Sivaji Productions , a film productions company that has produced several films , particularly featuring his father Sivaji Ganesan or his younger brother Prabhu Ganesan .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "99128aaa19530520fb491aa7f91cc31a", "text": "Upendra (actor) Upendra Rao ( born 18 September 1968 ) known mononymously as Upendra , is an Indian film actor , director , producer , screenwriter , lyricist and playback singer who works primarily in Kannada cinema . He started his career under actor and film director Kashinath , as a writer and an assistant director . His first directorial venture was Tharle Nan Maga ( 1992 ) . In the late 1990s he directed Om , which portrayed actual Bangalore gangsters , followed by A , which was his debut film as an actor . Upendra , his next film , starred Raveena Tandon , a Bollywood actress . After a decade of acting in Kannada , Telugu and Tamil films , he returned to the role of director with the multilingual movie Super , which was well-received critically and commercially . Upendra is known for his work in movies like A ( 1998 ) , Kanyadanam ( 1998 ) , Upendra ( 1999 ) , Preethse ( 2000 ) , Raa ( 2001 ) , HO ( 2002 ) , Super Star ( 2002 ) , Hollywood ( 2002 ) , Kutumba ( 2003 ) , Raktha Kanneeru ( 2003 ) , Gokarna ( 2003 ) , Omkara ( 2004 ) , Gowramma ( 2005 ) , Auto Shankar ( 2005 ) , Aishwarya ( 2006 ) , Anatharu ( 2007 ) , Budhivanta ( 2008 ) , Super ( 2010 ) , Kalpana ( 2012 ) , S/O Satyamurthy ( 2015 ) , Uppi 2 ( 2015 ) , Kalpana 2 ( 2016 ) and Mukunda Murari . Upendra has thus established himself as one of the most successful actors and directors of Kannada cinema . He is currently one of the highest paid directors and actors in the Kannada cinema .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "8f2e414bc5ad0dbcbb4a2125b2658788", "text": "Hello Madras Girl Hello Madras Girl is a 1983 Malayalam-language Indian feature film directed by J. Williams , starring Shankar , Rajkumar Sethupathi , Madhavi and Poornima Jayaram . The film also stars Mohanlal in an important role . The film also has Priyadarshan , in one of the scenes as an actor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df2e5267d90aa7a4ab25bea6ec28ef3a", "text": "Urimaikural Urimaikural ( `` Voice for Rights '' ) is a 1974 Indian Tamil-language film , directed by C. V. Sridhar and produced by Y. Kannaiah . The film stars M. G. Ramachandran , Latha , Anjali Devi and V. S. Raghavan in lead roles . The film had musical score by M. S. Viswanathan . Box office hit in 1974 . It is a Silver Jubilee movie at Madurai and ran more than 100 days in Chennai , Madurai , Trichi , Kovai , and other cities", "title": "" }, { "docid": "03a65194e7e7205e07827952adffcca9", "text": "Chennai International Film Festival The Chennai International Film Festival ( CIFF ) is a festival organised in the city of Chennai , India , by a film society , the Indo Cine Appreciation Foundation ( ICAF ) , with the support of the government of Tamil Nadu , the South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce and the Film Federation of India . From the official website , the festival aims at : providing a common platform for the film fraternity to show its expression through films ; understanding other cultures and project the excellence of this art form ; contribute to the understanding and appreciation of film cultures of the different nations in the context of the social and cultural ethos ; and promote friendship and co-operation among peoples of the world . The festival has been organised since 2002 . It showcases international as well as Indian feature films . The Indian language films are divided into the Tamil ( 12 films ) and the Indian panorama featured films ( around 12 films ) . The festival screens more than 100 international feature films . The CIFF provide awards in the following categories : The Best film in Tamil . The Second Best film . Special Jury Award for individual excellence Online Film buff Award Amitabh Bachchan Youth Icon Award , from 2013", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2a978b00d4962a221297028d0bb3eb6d", "text": "Rommel Rodrigues Rommel Rodrigues is an Indian author , film director , screenwriter and producer based out of Mumbai . He has been a journalist for over a decade ( Accredited by Maharashtra government for 5 years ) , having worked in leading dailies of India , and has covered crime , business , politics and current affairs extensively . He has authored several books , among which are two bestsellers , Kasab : The Face of 26/11 , detailing the 2008 Mumbai attacks , published by Penguin ( 2011 ) and Everything You Wanted to Know About Business & Economics published by CNBC ( 2012 ) , bundled with another best selling book , Simplifying Business , Economics & Jargons by CNBC which became an instant hit on release featuring among the top 10 business bestsellers within a month . Rommel Rodrigues has conducted numerous interactive sessions based on his book on business and economics . Wittily titled ` Business and Economics for Idiots ' he has addressed several seminars , management colleges , investor forums etc. across India . In December 2011 , he was assigned by renowned film director Ram Gopal Varma ( RGV ) to write the script of his film based on the heinous Mumbai terror attacks of 26/11 , 2008. , RGV roped in Rommel Rodrigues to write the story , screenplay and dialogues and also took him as his Associate Director for the film . The film The Attacks of 26/11 released on March 1 , 2013 to positive reviews . This is what acclaimed film critic Subhash K.Jha whose reviews appear in several leading dailies in India and abroad had to say about the writing , `` That is the terrifying reality that perpetually underlines the gripping narration , clamping the brilliant writing of Rommel Rodrigues down to a whittled numbing sense of hardcore reality where all thrill ends and the feeling of dread begins to creep upon us . We are finally left with only a profound sense of dread and fear . '' Rommel Rodrigues is currently producing and directing two Marathi films based on the script he has written , First film titled Gurukul ( film ) , released in August 2015 to a grand opening , the second still untitled is in pre production stage , will go on floor soon . Rommel an avid globetrotter is also contracted to write two novels for leading publishing house which he says he is attempting to complete .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "11e67802b67732cc57b4e5dde892ebf2", "text": "Rajinikanth filmography Rajinikanth is an Indian actor who has appeared in over 150 films , predominantly in Tamil cinema . He began his film career by playing antagonistic and supporting roles before graduating to a lead actor . After starring in numerous commercially successful films throughout the 1980s and 1990s , he has continued to hold a matinée idol status in the popular culture of Tamil Nadu . Writing for Slate , Grady Hendrix called him the `` biggest movie star you 've probably never heard of . '' Rajinikanth has also worked in other Indian film industries such as Bollywood , Telugu , Kannada , Malayalam and Bengali . He made his cinematic debut with K. Balachander 's 1975 Tamil drama Apoorva Raagangal , in which he played a minor role of an abusive husband . He had his first major role in Balachander 's Telugu drama film Anthuleni Katha ( 1976 ) , and got his breakthrough in Tamil with Moondru Mudichu ( 1976 ) -- also directed by Balachander . His style and mannerisms in the latter earned recognition from the audience . In 1977 , he acted in 15 films , playing negative characters in most of them , including Avargal , 16 Vayathinile , Aadu Puli Attam and Gaayathri . He had positive roles in Kavikkuyil , the Kannada film Sahodarara Savaal , and the Telugu film Chilakamma Cheppindi , in which he played the protagonist for the first time in his career . His role as a failed lover in S. P. Muthuraman 's Bhuvana Oru Kelvikkuri ( 1977 ) won him critical acclaim . In 1978 , he was cast as the main lead in the Tamil film Bairavi . The same year , he received critical acclaim for his roles in Mullum Malarum and Aval Appadithan ; the former earned him a Tamil Nadu State Film Award Special Prize for Best Actor . He made his Malayalam cinema debut with I. V. Sasi 's fantasy drama Allauddinum Albhutha Vilakkum ( 1979 ) , an adaptation of a story from One Thousand and One Nights . By the end of the decade , he had worked in all South Indian languages and established a career in Tamil cinema . He played dual roles in the action thriller Billa ( 1980 ) , which was a remake of the Bollywood film Don ( 1978 ) . It was his biggest commercial success to that point and gave him the `` action-hero '' image . Balachander 's Thillu Mullu ( 1981 ) , the Tamil remake of the Bollywood film Gol Maal ( 1979 ) , was Rajinikanth 's first full-length comedy film . He played triple roles in the 1982 Tamil film Moondru Mugam , which earned him a special prize at the Tamil Nadu State Film Awards ceremony . The following year , he made his Bollywood debut with Rama Rao Tatineni 's Andha Kanoon ; it was among the top-grossing Bollywood films in 1983 . Muthuraman 's Nallavanuku Nallavan ( 1984 ) won him that year 's Filmfare Award for Best Tamil Actor . In 1985 , he portrayed the Hindu saint Raghavendra Swami in his 100th film Sri Raghavendrar , a box-office failure . In the latter half of the 1980s , he starred in several films in Tamil and Hindi , including Padikkadavan ( 1985 ) , Mr. Bharath ( 1986 ) , Bhagwaan Dada ( 1986 ) , Velaikaran ( 1987 ) , Guru Sishyan ( 1988 ) and Dharmathin Thalaivan ( 1988 ) . During this time , he made his debut in American cinema with a supporting role in the mystery adventure film Bloodstone ( 1988 ) , a box-office failure . Rajinikanth continued to act in Bollywood , often playing supporting roles in films such as Hum , Khoon Ka Karz , and Phool Bane Angaray ( all in 1991 ) . Mani Ratnam 's Tamil film Thalapathi ( 1991 ) , based on the Indian epic Mahabharata , earned him critical acclaim . Suresh Krissna 's Annamalai ( 1992 ) , P. Vasu 's Mannan ( 1992 ) and Uzhaippali ( 1993 ) are among his box-office successes in Tamil . He made his debut as a screenwriter with Valli ( 1993 ) , a commercial failure . The Suresh Krissna-directed Baashha , in which he played a crime boss , was a major commercial success in his career and earned him a `` demigod '' status in Tamil Nadu . Later that year he acted in K. S. Ravikumar 's Muthu , which was dubbed into Japanese . In Japan , the film grossed a record US$ 1.6 million in 1998 and was largely instrumental in creating a fan-base for Rajinikanth in the country . Padayappa ( 1999 ) , his second collaboration with Ravikumar , went on to become the highest-grossing Tamil film to that point . In 2002 Rajinikanth produced , wrote and starred in the fantasy thriller Baba , which fell short of market expectations and incurred heavy losses for its distributors . After a three-year sabbatical , he returned to acting with the comedy horror film Chandramukhi ( 2005 ) ; it went on to become the highest-grossing Tamil film to that point , and its theatrical run lasted 126 weeks at a theatre in Chennai . Rajinikanth was paid 260 million for his role in S. Shankar 's Sivaji ( 2007 ) , which made him the second-highest paid actor in Asia after Jackie Chan . He played dual roles , as a scientist and an andro-humanoid robot , in the science fiction film Enthiran ( 2010 ) . It was India 's most expensive production at the time of its release , and is among the highest-grossing Indian films of all time . He played triple roles in the 2014 animated film Kochadaiiyaan , the first in India to be shot with motion capture technology ; it was a commercial failure . Two years later , Rajinikanth played a Malaysian Tamil crime boss in Pa. . Ranjith 's Kabali , which had the biggest weekend opening for an Indian film .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "374ee6dda85f60867af17ed6338f23e9", "text": "Murali (Malayalam actor) Murali ( മുരളി , 25 May 1954 -- 6 August 2009 ) was an Indian film , stage , and television actor and author . He mainly appeared in Malayalam and Tamil films . He won the National Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of a communist freedom fighter and professional weaver in the film Neythukaran ( 2002 ) . Regarded by film critics as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema , he was known for his powerful portrayal of character roles , lead roles , and negative roles . His last film was Aadhavan . Murali started his film career playing villain roles and soon turned into a character actor . The 1992 film Aadhaaram , in which he played the lead role , gave a ` break ' to his career . The film was well received in the box office and Murali ascended to the status of a star in Malayalam film , which he enjoyed for a couple of years . Besides acting , he was the chairman of the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy from 2006 until his death . He also authored five books , and was also a Sangeetha Nataka Academy award winner . He contested the 1999 Lok Sabha polls as a communist candidate without success . He was also the Director of the CPI ( M ) promoted television company Malayalam Communications , which runs Malayalam TV channels Kairali TV , People TV and WE TV .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "fd153be73a30ecdcb9930a8bad6be6b6", "text": "Viswanathan Ravichandran Viswanathan Ravichandran , also known as Oscar V. Ravichandran , is an Indian film producer and distributor in Chennai , India . He is the founder and owner of the production and distribution company , Oscar Films Pvt. Ltd. . Ravichandran started his venture in 1998 with the co-production of Kadhalukku Mariyadhai . He went on to produce many large-scale Tamil language films and distribute a number of English films across South India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "2e59b8d2ba62ac50e81b1975163e707f", "text": "Trishakti Trishakti is a 1999 Indian Bollywood film directed by Madhur Bhandarkar . It stars Arshad Warsi , Sharad Kapoor , Milind Gunaji and Radhika in pivotal roles .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c9569f1c613bee5e345a6d3870fe4f49", "text": "N. T. Rama Rao Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao ( నందమూరి తారక రామా రావు 28 May 1923 -- 18 January 1996 ) , popularly known as NTR , was an Indian actor , filmmaker , director , editor and politician who served as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh for seven years over three terms . NTR has received three National Film Awards for co-producing Thodu Dongalu ( 1954 ) and Seetharama Kalyanam ( 1960 ) under National Art Theater , Madras , and directing Varakatnam ( 1970 ) , NTR has received the erstwhile Rashtrapati Awards for his performance ( s ) in the films Raju Peda ( 1954 ) , and Lava Kusa ( 1963 ) . He garnered the Nandi Award for Best Actor for Kodalu Diddina Kapuram in 1970 , and the Inaugural Filmfare Award for Best Actor -- Telugu in 1972 for Badi Panthulu . NTR made his debut as an actor in a Telugu social film Mana Desam , directed by L. V. Prasad in 1949 . He gained popularity in the 1950s when he became well known for his portrayals of Hindu deities , especially Krishna and Rama , roles which have made him a `` messiah of the masses '' . He later became known for portraying antagonistic characters and Robin Hood-esque hero characters in films . In total he starred in 300 films , and has become one of the most prominent figures in the history of Telugu cinema . He was voted ` Greatest Indian Actor of All Time ' in a CNN-IBN national poll conducted in 2013 on the occasion of the Centenary of Indian Cinema . He has starred in films like Patala Bhairavi ( 1951 ) , which premiered at the first India International Film Festival , held in Mumbai on 24 January 1952 , Malliswari ( 1951 ) , premiered at Asia Pacific Film Festival , the enduring classics Mayabazar ( 1957 ) , and Nartanasala ( 1963 ) , featured at Afro Asian film festival in Jakarta . All the four films were included in CNN-IBN 's list of hundred greatest Indian films of all time . He co-produced , Ummadi Kutumbam nominated by Film Federation of India as one of its entries to the 1968 Moscow Film Festival . Besides Telugu , he has also acted in a few Tamil films . Widely recognised for his portrayal of mythological characters , NTR was one of the leading method actors of Indian cinema , He was referred to in the media as Viswa Vikhyatha Nata Sarvabhouma . He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 1968 , recognizing his contribution to Indian cinema . After his career in films , NTR entered politics . He founded the Telugu Desam Party ( TDP ) in 1982 and served three tumultuous terms as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh between 1983 and 1995 . He was known as an advocate of Andhra Pradesh 's distinct cultural identity , distinguishing it from the erstwhile Madras State with which it was often associated . At the national level , he was instrumental in the formation of the National Front , a coalition of non-Congress parties which governed India from 1989 until 1990 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb", "text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .", "title": "" } ]
fever
c79a88960a4fad8d0897974d493c4d5d
License to Wed features Robin Williams.
[ { "docid": "7501275afb5b34b31a1e6eb73d95f8b1", "text": "License to Wed License to Wed is a 2007 American romantic comedy film starring Robin Williams , Mandy Moore and John Krasinski , and directed by Ken Kwapis . The film was released in theaters on July 3 , 2007 .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "e6a1649d87009857aad9e1c1e1d23d4a", "text": "Visions of Love Visions of Love is the last album of duo Robin and Linda Williams on the Sugar Hill Records label , released in 2002 . They would move to Red House Records for their next release . Visions of Love displays the Williams ' A Prairie Home Companion connections with members of that show 's house band , Minneapolis musician Peter Ostroushko on fiddle and mandolin plus liner notes by Garrison Keillor .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f26d8551f4a79e26cfa84c0798282c96", "text": "Robert Ellis Orrall Robert Ellis Orrall ( born May 4 , 1955 ) is an American singer , songwriter , and record producer . Signed to RCA Records in 1980 , Orrall debuted that year with the album `` Fixation '' . His first Top 40 single was `` I Could n't Say No '' , a duet with Carlene Carter . By 1990 , Orrall had found success as a songwriter , having penned Number One singles for Shenandoah and Clay Walker . He returned to RCA in 1991 and charted the singles `` Boom ! It Was Over '' and `` A Little Bit of Her Love '' , from his first country music album , Flying Colors . Orrall then joined frequent songwriting partner Curtis Wright in the CMA-nominated duo Orrall & Wright , recording one more album and charting two singles . They split up in 1994 , however , and Orrall returned to his solo career , writing singles for Reba McEntire , Taylor Swift , and Lindsay Lohan , as well as producing records for Swift , Be Your Own Pet , and Love and Theft . He also performs and records as an indie rock musician in the band Monkey Bowl .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "41fa867fbd0798924261e01c35377885", "text": "Divorce His, Divorce Hers Divorce His , Divorce Hers is a 1973 television film starring Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton . The film examines the conflicted emotions felt by a couple whose 18-year marriage has frayed beyond repair . The first half of the film details the story from the husband 's view , and the second half takes the wife 's perspective . The film , which was directed by Waris Hussein , from a script by John Hopkins , was originally presented in a two-part broadcast on U.S. television on February 6-7 , 1973 ( appearing on the Tuesday and Wednesday editions of ABC Movie of the Week ) , although it was theatrically released in France in 1974 . The critic Clive James wrote after the television screening in Britain : `` After movies as monumentally lousy as Bluebeard and Hammersmith is Out it was good to see Burton chipping some of the rust off his technique . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "ebba296e4409d4e0ddfdc8c370a301fd", "text": "Spice Williams-Crosby Spice Williams-Crosby ( born Marceline Ann Williams , April 26 , 1952 ) is an American actress and stunt performer , with a career in film and television which spans over twenty years . Williams-Crosby was born in North Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . Her more notable roles include the Klingon officer Vixis in Star Trek V : The Final Frontier , and the assassin Patrice in Buffy the Vampire Slayer story `` What 's My Line '' . Originally involved in music and dance , she switched to acting , focusing on action roles which often featured stuntwork , making use of her martial arts and athletic skills . She has also worked as a stunt coordinator , choreographing fight scenes for television and film , including Miller Lite 's controversial 2002 commercial `` Catfight '' . Williams-Crosby took up personal fitness at the age of 26 , including bodybuilding and nutrition . She is a PhD , third-degree blackbelt , a noted vegan , and has written a book and several articles on the subject . She is married to screenwriter/film producer Gregory Crosby ( `` Hacksaw Ridge '' ) , grandson of Bing Crosby ; the couple have one son , Luke Gregory .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b13bf9c64ed6b5a299d083afa82d2ee8", "text": "Synchronization rights A music synchronization license , or `` sync '' for short , is a music license granted by the holder of the copyright of a particular composition , allowing the licensee to synchronize ( `` sync '' ) music with some kind of visual media output ( film , television shows , advertisements , video games , accompanying website music , movie trailers , etc. ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "c71807345d9e987d4d5a40fad21f15d6", "text": "Love Story (Andy Williams album, UK version) Love Story is an compilation album by American pop singer Andy Williams that was released in the UK in July 1971 by the CBS Records division of Columbia and was mainly composed of tracks that had not been included on his studio LPs . The compilation entered the UK album chart on July 31 of that year and reached number 11 over the course of 11 weeks . The title track from the album , which was subtitled `` Where Do I Begin ? '' , entered the Hot 100 in the US in the issue of Billboard magazine dated February 6 , 1971 , and stayed on the chart for 13 weeks , eventually peaking at number nine . The song also entered the magazine 's list of the 40 most popular Easy Listening songs of the week in that same issue for its first of 15 weeks , later spending four weeks at number one and tying his previous record there , which was set by `` Ca n't Get Used to Losing You '' in 1963 . Its lifespan on the UK singles chart began on March 20 of that same year and lasted 18 weeks , during which time it reached number four .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "cf3158fb061e4fb804a3f88dd7dea841", "text": "The Last Ride (2011 film) The Last Ride is a 2011 American drama about the last days of country music pioneer and legend Hank Williams . The film stars Henry Thomas , Jesse James , and Fred Dalton Thompson , and received a limited release on October 21 , 2011 . Despite the content , no recordings by Williams are ever played during the film . The soundtrack is composed of covers of Williams ' songs among other country musicians .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be4c6f9ce33060eddb4b6f5a2b4ba43f", "text": "Real Husbands of Hollywood Real Husbands of Hollywood ( abbreviated RHOH ) is an American reality television parody on BET which debuted on January 15 , 2013 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f5db3215c00e274f85e7b4dfb2e20685", "text": "Bop Gun (Homicide: Life on the Street) `` Bop Gun '' is the second season premiere of the American police drama television series Homicide : Life on the Street , and the tenth overall episode of the series . It originally aired on NBC in the United States on January 6 , 1994 . In the episode , the Baltimore homicide unit investigates the shooting death of the wife of a tourist , played by guest star Robin Williams . The episode was written by David Mills and David Simon based on a story by executive producer Tom Fontana , and directed by Stephen Gyllenhaal . In response to network feedback and poor ratings from the first season , `` Bop Gun '' marked several changes in the series , including a less bleak visual style and a greater focus on one plot , rather than multiple subplots . It was also the first episode to focus primarily on a homicide victim , rather than on the detectives . Simon felt the dialogue was realistic , especially that of the dark humor employed by detectives as a coping mechanism for dealing with the horrors of the job . Williams previously worked with Homicide executive producer Barry Levinson on the films Good Morning , Vietnam ( 1987 ) and Toys ( 1992 ) . This led to speculation that Williams took the role on `` Bop Gun '' as a favor to Levinson , but the actor insisted it was out of admiration for the series itself . A young Jake Gyllenhaal , the son of the episode 's director , makes an appearance as Williams ' son . The episode was the first to feature Chris Tergesen as music coordinator , which resulted in the use of more songs than previous episodes , including `` Killer '' by Seal and `` Feels Like Rain '' by Buddy Guy . `` Bop Gun '' was seen by 16.3 million viewers , one of the highest Nielsen ratings of the week , thanks in large part due to interest in Williams ' appearance . The episode received generally positive reviews , with several particularly complimenting the dramatic performance by Williams . `` Bop Gun '' won a Writers Guild of America Award for Best Screenplay of an Episodic Drama . Williams also received an Emmy Award nomination for Guest Actor in a Drama Series . The episode , along with the rest of the first and second seasons of Homicide : Life on the Street was released on DVD in the United States on May 27 , 2003 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a", "text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e63491eefa83aa65f2102bee120f9b9b", "text": "Dear Heart (song) `` Dear Heart '' is a song written by Henry Mancini , Ray Evans , and Jay Livingston and performed by Andy Williams . The song reached # 2 on the U.S. adult contemporary chart and # 24 on the Billboard chart in 1964 . It appears on the 1965 Andy Williams album , Andy Williams ' Dear Heart . The song was the theme to the 1964 movie Dear Heart . It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song and also nominated for best song at the 22nd Golden Globe Awards .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b47513995d48e9e16dc7e5512a8ba632", "text": "Roger Ross Williams Roger Ross Williams ( born September 16 , 1973 ) is an American television news , documentary and entertainment director , producer and writer . He directed most notably Music by Prudence that won the Academy Award for Best Documentary ( Short Subject ) , about a 21-year-old Zimbabwean singer-songwriter Prudence Mabhena , who was born severely disabled and has struggled to overcome poverty and discrimination . All other seven members of Prudence 's band `` Liyana '' are also disabled . Williams 's film God Loves Uganda , which premiered at the 2013 Sundance Film Festival to enormous critical acclaim . It was shortlisted for a 2014 Academy Award , has won over a dozen awards and screened at over 60 film festivals worldwide . His latest film Life , Animated was nominated for the 2017 Academy Award .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d39cdba76da488e25b20f3d9947d290d", "text": "Marsha Garces Williams Marsha Garces Williams ( born June 18 , 1956 ) is an American film producer and philanthropist . She is the former wife of actor and comedian Robin Williams .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "27ddae4e6dba0677cff0bc8f80d9c944", "text": "Wedlock (film) Wedlock ( originally known as Deadlock ) is a 1991 American science fiction-action television film from HBO Films , directed by Lewis Teague and starring Rutger Hauer , Mimi Rogers , Joan Chen and James Remar . It received an Emmy Nomination for Sound Editing .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "7cb92b1548429ad9ad4d56bad8c7e89e", "text": "Gordon Williams (lawyer) Gordon Williams is an English lawyer . A partner in the top legal firm Lee & Thompson , Williams has specialised in entertainment law since 1989 , and became employed in the company in 1997 . He has since become noted for his defamation and privacy cases with his clients in the music industry , famously Geri Halliwell , Tom Jones and Van Morrison . He has been hired by Peter Andre in a court battle against his ex-wife Katie Price ( Jordan ) .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67c3f3b2df672077201b59a7cfd5e094", "text": "It Must Be Love (Don Williams song) `` It Must Be Love '' is a single by American country music artist Don Williams . Released in 1979 , the single was Williams ' ninth Number One single on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles charts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "1425d06fad5d0e474a434b4de838adab", "text": "Double Harness Double Harness ( 1933 ) is an American Pre-Code film starring Ann Harding and William Powell . It was based on the play of the same name by Edward Poor Montgomery . A young woman maneuvers a lazy playboy into marrying her . On 4 April and 11 April 2007 , Turner Classic Movies premiered several films produced by Merian C. Cooper at RKO but out of distribution for more than 50 years . According to TCM host Robert Osborne , Cooper agreed to a legal settlement with RKO in 1946 , after accusing RKO of not giving him all the money due him from his RKO producer 's contract in the 1930s . The settlement gave Cooper complete ownership of six RKO titles . Among the titles are Rafter Romance ( 1933 ) with Ginger Rogers , Double Harness , The Right to Romance ( 1933 ) , One Man 's Journey ( 1933 ) with Lionel Barrymore , Stingaree ( 1934 ) , Living on Love ( 1937 ) , and A Man to Remember ( 1938 ) . According to an interview with a retired RKO executive , used as a promo on TCM for the premiere , Cooper allowed the films to be shown in 1955-1956 in a limited re-release and only in New York City .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "786068bc3e2bd46308773c202176a7a0", "text": "Juliet (The Oak Ridge Boys song) `` Juliet '' is a song written by John Hall and Larry Hoppen , and recorded by American country music group The Oak Ridge Boys . It was released in March 1986 as the first single from the album Seasons . The song reached number 16 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart . The music video features a Mardi Gras theme and stars actress Robin Christopher .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "9d5ec1f2b26246fd077961dc4c5db3ae", "text": "This Marriage Business This Marriage Business is a 1938 American comedy film directed by Christy Cabanne from a screenplay by Gladys Atwater and J. Robert Bren , based on a story by Mel Riddle and Alex Rubin . The film stars Allan Lane , Jack Carson , Victor Moore , and Vicki Lester . Produced by RKO Radio Pictures , which also distributed the film , it was released on April 8 , 1938 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "49c95b95bf0615ead1ba706ef5cc51b1", "text": "Hello, Dolly! (film) Hello , Dolly ! is a 1969 American romantic comedy musical film based on the Broadway production of the same name . Directed by Gene Kelly and adapted and produced by Ernest Lehman , the cast includes Barbra Streisand , Walter Matthau , Michael Crawford , Danny Lockin , Tommy Tune , Fritz Feld , Marianne McAndrew , E. J. Peaker and Louis Armstrong ( whose recording of the title tune had become a number-one single in May 1964 ) . The film follows the story of Dolly Levi ( a strong-willed matchmaker ) , as she travels to Yonkers , New York , to find a match for the miserly `` well-known unmarried half-a-millionaire '' Horace Vandergelder . In doing so she convinces his niece , his niece 's intended , and Horace 's two clerks to travel to New York City . The film won three Oscars for Best Art Direction , Best Score of a Musical Picture , and Best Sound Mixing and was nominated for a further four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . Although the film eventually broke even , it was not a commercial success .", "title": "" } ]
fever
622f58e03b9ae413d51b62fb8ae4aa12
1956 was the year when Kerala was formed.
[ { "docid": "415bb3f6c8b80158a09081e4c01a83dd", "text": "Kerala Kerala ( -LSB- ˈkɛrələ -RSB- ) historically known as Keralam , is an Indian state in South India on the Malabar Coast . It was formed on 1 November 1956 following the States Reorganisation Act by combining Malayalam-speaking regions . Spread over 38863 km2 , it is bordered by Karnataka to the north and northeast , Tamil Nadu to the east and south , and the Lakshadweep Sea to the west . With 33,387,677 inhabitants as per the 2011 Census , Kerala is the thirteenth-largest Indian state by population and is divided into 14 districts with the capital being Thiruvananthapuram . Malayalam is the most widely spoken language and is also the official language of the state . The region has been a prominent spice exporter since 3000 BCE . The Chera Dynasty was the first prominent kingdom based in Kerala , though it frequently struggled against attacks by the neighbouring Cholas and Pandyas . In the 15th century , the spice trade attracted Portuguese traders to Kerala , and paved the way for the European colonisation of India . After independence , Travancore and Cochin joined the Republic of India and Travancore-Cochin was given the status of a state in 1949 . In 1956 , Kerala state was formed by merging Malabar district , Travancore-Cochin ( excluding four southern taluks of Kanyakumari district ) , and the taluk of Kasaragod ( now Kasaragod District ) , South Kanara . Kerala has the lowest positive population growth rate in India , 3.44 % ; highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) , 0.712 in 2015 ; the highest literacy rate , 93.91 % in the 2011 census ; the highest life expectancy , 77 years ; and the highest sex ratio , 1,084 women per 1000 men . The state has witnessed significant emigration , especially to Arab states of the Persian Gulf during the Gulf Boom of the 1970s and early 1980s , and its economy depends significantly on remittances from a large Malayali expatriate community . Hinduism is practised by more than half of the population , followed by Islam and Christianity . The culture is a synthesis of Aryan and Dravidian cultures , developed over millennia , under influences from other parts of India and abroad . The production of pepper and natural rubber contributes significantly to the total national output . In the agricultural sector , coconut , tea , coffee , cashew and spices are important . The state 's coastline extends for 595 km , and around 1.1 million people in the state are dependent on the fishery industry which contributes 3 % to the state 's income . The state has the highest media exposure in India with newspapers publishing in nine languages , mainly English and Malayalam . Kerala is one of the prominent tourist destinations of India , with backwaters , beaches , Ayurvedic tourism and tropical greenery as its major attractions .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "56b206cda056436cd9c3b1e930d5575d", "text": "Department of Revenue and Land Survey (Kerala) The Department of Revenue and Land Survey , is a key government department under Government of Kerala , that manages all government owned lands and decides land use policy in the Indian state of Kerala . The department is also a key government agency , deriving various taxes on land , as well as lease amounts from various government lands , which are principal sources of income for the Government . In addition , the department manages land-use policy , survey of land areas , and effective management and implementation of land reforms .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "724b10efba73028b25da8b471df7c46a", "text": "Kerala Premier League Kerala Premier League is a professional football league organised by Kerala Football Association played in the state of Kerala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "937d1acb780c993b3ddcc960a0cc4de7", "text": "List of birds of Kerala The state of Kerala , India has about 509 bird species within its boundary . This following list of birds is based on the taxonomic treatment and scientific nomenclature of Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World 4th edition . Species list and English names is entirely based on the checklist of Birds of Kerala published in November 2015 . Five recent additions to this list are also included . __ NOTOC __", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc320ce8d6bf5ed5b60db9b6fc58bae7", "text": "Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam ( DMK ) ( Dravidian Progress Federation ) is a state political party in the states of Tamil Nadu and Puducherry in India . It is a Dravidian party founded by C. N. Annadurai in 1949 as a breakaway faction from the Thiravidar Kazhagam ( known as Justice Party until 1944 ) headed by Periyar . Since 1969 , DMK has been headed by M Karunanidhi , who has served as Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu several times . DMK holds the distinction of being the first party other than the Indian National Congress to win state-level elections with a clear majority on its own in any state in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6164bbf6edabc04578daa60796584aa0", "text": "January 1956 The following events occurred in January 1956 :", "title": "" }, { "docid": "0bd35f8e28d223500dd37ddfb379f681", "text": "Periyar E. V. Ramasamy Erode Venkata Ramasamy ( 17 September 1879 -- 24 December 1973 ) , commonly known as Periyar also referred as E. V. R. or Thanthai Periyar , was an Tamilian social activist , and politician who started the Self-Respect Movement and Dravidar Kazhagam . E.V. Ramasamy was born in Erode , Madras Presidency to a wealthy family of Balijas . At a young age , he witnessed numerous incidents of caste and gender discrimination . E.V. Ramasamy joined the Indian National Congress in 1919 , but resigned in 1925 when he felt that the party was only serving the interests of the Brahmins . He questioned the subjugation of Dravidian race as the Brahmins enjoyed gifts and donations from them but opposed and discriminated them in cultural and religious matters . In 1924 , E.V. Ramasamy participated in a non-violent agitation ( satyagraha ) in Vaikam , Kerala . From 1929 to 1932 Ramasamy toured British Malaya , Europe , and Russia , which had an influence on him . In 1939 , E.V. Ramasamy became the head of the Justice Party , and in 1944 , he changed its name to Dravidar Kazhagam . The party later split and one group led by C. N. Annadurai formed the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam ( DMK ) in 1949 . While continuing the Self-Respect Movement , he advocated for an independent Dravida Nadu ( Dravidistan ) . E.V. Ramasamy propagated the principles of rationalism , self-respect , women 's rights and eradication of caste . He opposed the exploitation and marginalisation of the non-Brahmin Dravidian people of South India and the imposition of what he considered Indo-Aryan India . His work has greatly revolutionised the Tamil society and has significantly removed caste-based discrimination . He is also responsible for bringing new changes to the Tamil alphabet . The citation awarded by the UNESCO described E.V. Ramasamy as `` the prophet of the new age , the Socrates of South East Asia , father of social reform movement and arch enemy of ignorance , superstitions , meaningless customs and base manners . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b4351133f7af4a08e5aa5ec67a57c6ba", "text": "Kudumbashree Kudumbashree is the women empowerment and poverty eradication program , framed and enforced by the State Poverty Eradication Mission ( SPEM ) of the Government of Kerala . The Mission aims to eradicate absolute poverty within a definite time frame of 10 years under the leadership of Local Self Governments formed and empowered by the 73rd and 74th Amendments of the Constitution of India . The Mission launched by the State Government with the active support of Government of India and NABARD has adopted a different methodology in addressing poverty by organizing the poor in to community-based organizations . The Mission follows a process approach rather than a project approach . The mission was officially inaugurated by the then Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee in 1998 as requested by the State Government . Kudumbashree , a community organization of Neighborhood Groups ( NHGs ) of women in Kerala , has been recognized as an effective strategy for the empowerment of women in rural as well as urban areas : bringing women together from all spheres of life to fight for their rights or for empowerment . The overall empowerment of women is closely linked to economic empowerment . Women through these NHGs work on a range of issues such as health , nutrition , agriculture , etc. besides income generation activities and seeking micro credit . Kudumbashree differs from conventional programmes in that it perceives poverty not just as the deprivation of money , but also as the deprivation of basic rights . The poor need to find a collective voice to help claim these rights . Kudumbashree was conceived as a joint programme of the Government of Kerala and Nabard implemented through Community Development Societies ( CDSs ) of Poor Women , serving as the community wing of Local Governments . Kudumbashree is formally registered as the `` State Poverty Eradication Mission '' ( SPEM ) , a society registered under the Travancore Kochi Literary , Scientific and Charitable Societies Act 1955 . It has a governing body chaired by the State Minister of LSG . There is a state mission with a field officer in each district . This official structure supports and facilitates the activities of the community network across the state . Kudumbashree differs from conventional programmes in that it perceives poverty not just as the deprivation of money , but also as the deprivation of basic rights . The poor need to find a collective voice to help claim these rights . The grassroots of Kudumbashree are Neighbourhood Groups ( NHG in short ) that send representatives to the ward level Area Development Societies ( ADS ) . The ADS sends its representatives to the Community Development Society ( CDS ) , which completes the unique three-tier structure of Kudumbashree . Today , there are 2.77 lakhs NHGs , over 19,854 ADSs and 1073 CDSs in Kudumbashree . It is this network that brings women to the Grama Sabhas and helps them bring the needs of the poor to the attention of the local governments . The Community Development Societies are also very active in Government programmes and play significant roles in development activities ranging from socio-economic surveys and enterprise development to community management and social audit . Though its efforts to engage women in civil society in development issues and opportunities , Kudumbashree in association with the local self government of Kerala is charting out new meaning and possibilities for local economic development and citizen centric governance .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "814021b90e9033a42fa71f58464d5fcd", "text": "Treaty of London 1956 The Treaty of London 1956 was signed to set up the independent Federation of Malaya , which achieved its independence on 31 August 1957 .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "be5ac1153451460f57677e629c0ee3f4", "text": "Cinema of Sri Lanka Sri Lankan cinema encompasses the films made in Sri Lanka . It is a fledgling industry that has struggled to find a footing since its inauguration in 1947 with Kadawunu Poronduwa produced by S.M. Nayagam of Chitra Kala Movietone . Sri Lankan films are usually made in the Sinhalese language , the language of the majority Sinhala people . In the first nine years most films were made in South India and followed the conventions of Indian cinema . Studio shooting was the norm , with Indian style sets erected in film studios . Even though it is popularly held that Rekava , made in 1956 by pioneer director Lester James Peries , was the first Sinhala film to be shot completely out of studio , it was really the film `` Gambada Sundari '' , made in 1950 which was the first film shot outside studios . It was also the first Sri Lankan film where , like in `` Rekawa '' , the dialog was recorded on the spot . This was because the film was shot on 16mm , using an Auricon sound-on-film camera which recorded the sound on the 16mm film optically , unlike in the case of where the sound was recorded on a Kinevox 35mm magnetic recorder . The film was later ` blown-up ' to 35mm and was screened in Colombo in 1950 . Though `` Rekawa '' was acclaimed by local and international critics , the film failed to find an audience in the country and was a box office failure . Films continued to follow formulaic storylines borrowed from India up through the early 1960s despite such efforts as Sandesaya and Kurulu Bedda . In 1964 , Lester James Peries again contributed to the development of Sri Lankan cinema with Gamperaliya which was the first Sinhala film to feature no songs and like Rekava shot completely outside the studio . It garnered massive praise for portraying Sinhala culture in a realistic manner and was hailed by critics and audiences alike . The producer Anton Wicremasinghe was awarded the Silver Peacock at the New Delhi International Film Festival for Gamperaliya . Following this breakthrough , several artistic Sinhala films were made in the late-1960s including Sath Samudura by professor Siri Gunasinghe , ably supported by exquisite cinematography by Dr.D.B . Nihalsinghe . During the 1970s several talents came to the forefront while commercial cinema continued to steal storylines and plots from Indian films . These include Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha with `` Weilkatara '' - Sri Lanka 's first film in Cinemascope ratio wide screen in 1972 ; Vasantha Obeysekera who followed up his well-received debut Ves Gatho with a slew of successful films culminating with Palangetiyo in 1979 . Another major director who stepped forward during this time is Dharmasena Pathiraja who examined the tensions of city youth in such works as Bambaru Awith and Ahas Gauwa . Artist and poet Mahagama Sekera 's sole film Thun Man Handiya is also an important film in Sri Lankan cinema released in 1970 . Sumitra Peries , the wife of Lester James Peries , also struck out during the 1970s with work that looked at the conflicting roles of women in society . Her work include Gehenu Lamai and Ganga Addara . Over the next few decades , artists such as Tissa Abeysekara , Dr. D.B. Nihalsingha , Udayakantha Warnasooriya , H.D.Premaratne , Ashoka Handagama , Prasanna Vithanage and Vimukthi Jayasundara have attempted to breathe new life into the industry . Nihalsingha was an accomplished cinematographer as well as an editor : so his films has an input which was special and brought a viewpoint to all his films , most of which focused on the exploited women . Vithanage 's film Purahanda Kaluwara is widely considered one of the best movies made in Sri Lanka as is Jayasundara 's Sulanga Enu Pinisa which won the coveted Camera d'Or for best first film at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival . During Sri Lankan Civil War several films have begun to tackle gritty subjects such as family relationships , abortion and results of the conflict between the military and Tamil Tiger rebels in the north . Director Asoka Handagama especially has drawn criticism for pursuing such material in his work . In the recent years high budget films like Aloko Udapadi , Aba ( film ) and Maharaja Gemunu based on Sinhalese epic historical stories gain huge success .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "91f53c081632fe53dbba1d29e4bae9bf", "text": "Welfare party kerala Welfare Party Kerala is the state unit of Welfare Party of India . The declaration of Welfare Party Kerala was made on October 19 , 2011 at Tagore Hall , Kozhikode . Since then Welfare Party Kerala has been actively intervene in the political scene and elections in Kerala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "e45eb6e351dc12e2b730987d17e08617", "text": "Mannanthala Mannanthala is a suburb of Thiruvananthapuram , the capital of Kerala , India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "16e1967b921890b989f8b2452f1dd577", "text": "Hindu temples in Thrissur Rural Thrissur district is situated in the central part of Kerala state in India . Thrissur district was formed on July 1 , 1949 . It is an important cultural centre and is known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "32ecfe318f997140c0e400a2ee3c5557", "text": "Greek legislative election, 1956 Parliamentary elections were held in Greece on 19 February 1956 . The result was a victory for Constantine Karamanlis and his National Radical Union party by securing the electoral vote despite trailing in the popular vote . It was the first general election in Greece in which women had the right to vote , although women had first voted in a by-election in Thessaloniki Prefecture in 1953 in which the first female MP was elected . Although the Liberal Democratic Union , a coalition of centrist parties , received a slim plurality of votes , the conservative governing party , the National Radical Union , won the most seats due to a complex and controversial electoral system enacted by Karamanlis . A `` first past the post '' system was applied in the rural constituencies where the ERE was expected to gain a plurality , while proportional representation was reserved for the urban constituencies , where the Liberal Democratic Union was expected to lead . As a result , the Liberal Democratic Union came up 19 seats short of a majority . The Liberal Democratic Union included the Liberal Party , led by Sophoklis Venizelos and Georgios Papandreou , as well as the left-wing EDA , led by Ioannis Passalidis . A few years later , Georgios Papandreou and Sophoklis Venizelos renounced their alliance with EDA , breaking up the Liberal Democratic Union .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "51ab984b9f9f26d9ab458bb0d5efa9e9", "text": "Union Christian College, Aluva The Union Christian College , Aluva ( known as UC College ) is an educational institution in Kerala , India . It is situated to the north of Aluva in Ernakulam District . Founded in 1921 as a centre of Christian Higher Education , UC College is an inter-denominational cooperation venture among four major Kerala Christian denominations , Church of South India , Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church , Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church , and Malankara Jacobite Syrian Church . The college was affiliated to The Madras University , then Travancore University and is now affiliated to Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b63869e4d7621806324ce99873414122", "text": "Cochin College The Cochin College is an arts and science college located at Kochi , India . The Cochin College was founded on 15 July 1967 , in response to an increasing demand for higher education in Cochin . The institution grew into a postgraduate college in 1995 , from its beginning as a junior college in 1967 . The college was accredited by NAAC with B Grade ( 2.85 ) in February 2012 . The college is sponsored by the Cochin Education Society which was founded as a result of the joint efforts of the Indian Chamber of Commerce and the former Mattancherry Municipal Council . The college is affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam and offers courses in Science and Humanities at the degree level such as Physics , Chemistry , Zoology , Botany , Commerce , Economics , English Literature and Mathematics At the postgraduate level the college offers M.Com , with specialistion in Financial Management , M.Sc Physics with Electronics and M.Sc Chemistry with Environmental Chemistry .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bbc17ecb74c1d7c3b18344b254a05383", "text": "Malanad Malanad or Mala Nadu ( മലനാട in Malayalam ) is term used to refer a hilly geographical region of both Kannur and kasaragod districts in Kerala state , India . It is the continuation of Malenadu , The hilly region of Karnataka state . Malanad region covers the hilly areas of vellarikundu thaluk in kasaragod distrct and the highlands of Taliparamba thaluk & Iritty Thaluk of Kannur disrict . The malanad area starts from palchuram in kannur-wayanad border and end at Ranipuram in Kasaragod - kodagu border . The land lies as a narrow strip between the coorg disrtct of karnataka to the east and wayanad district to south and the midland areas of north malabar in west whereas tulunadu in north . the major rivers that are originating from the region are River tejaswini and Valapattanam River . from 1950s onwards the migatrion of roman christians to malanadu happens from kottayam & idukki districts .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "442d3f36980f1d8c37bbce46d7c7d301", "text": "Puducherry Puducherry ( -LSB- pᵿdᵿˈtʃɛri -RSB- literally New Town in Tamil ) , formerly known as Pondicherry ( -LSB- pɒndᵻˈtʃɛri -RSB- ) , is a union territory of India . It was formed out of four exclaves of former French India , namely Pondichéry ( Pondicherry ; now Puducherry ) , Karikal ( Karaikal ) , Mahé and Yanaon ( Yanam ) . It is named after the largest district , Puducherry . Historically known as Pondicherry ( Pāṇṭiccēri ) , the territory changed its official name to Puducherry ( Putuccēri ) on 20 September 2006 . Puducherry lies in the southern part of the Indian Peninsula . The areas of Puducherry district and Karaikal district are bound by the state of Tamil Nadu , while Yanam district and Mahé district are enclosed by the states of Andhra Pradesh and Kerala respectively . Puducherry is the 29th most populous and the third most densely populated state/union territory in India . It has a GDP of and ranks 27th in India .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "67fb6e1528e715cc4c3dc08c713b1b3f", "text": "Left United Front The Left United Front is a coalition of political parties in Kerala , India . The Left United Front was launched in March 2014 , by the Revolutionary Marxist Party , the Socialist Unity Centre of India ( Communist ) and the Marxist Communist Party of India ( United ) . According to RMP state chairman T.L. Santhosh , the goal of the Left United Front is to fight '' -LSB- ... -RSB- against anti-people policies , corruption , communalism and murder politics of the existing fronts '' . The front fielded M. Shajarkhan in the Thiruvananthapuram seat .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "bb4cc199f87edc3c101540e9a9ff48a7", "text": "Kerala Startup Mission Kerala Startup Mission ( KSUM ) formerly known as ` Technopark Technology Business Incubator ' , is India 's first and successful Non Academic Business Incubator , hosted and housed inside Asia 's Largest IT Park Technopark . Technopark Technology Business Incubator ( T-TBI ) , a joint association of Technopark , Thiruvananthapuram and the Department of Science and Technology ( DST ) , Government of India , to help the technology business start-ups , started operation during 2007 . KSUM functions with a vision to support and nurture the startups in the state of Kerala . It also is the first non-academic business incubator . Since launching in 2006 , KSUM has incubated more than 200 + of India 's most promising startups . Kerala Startup Mission have been actively initiating various programmes for developing the student entrepreneurship in the state . Government of Kerala declared the start up policy with an aim to accelerate the growth of student entrepreneurs . KSUM being the nodal agency for implementing the Startup policy have come up with various schemes for the effective implementation of the policy . The schemes covers a broad area from schools , colleges and to young entrepreneurs .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "827f3dbc3da8c0850baf37858a3f6ad4", "text": "A P J Abdul Kalam Technological University APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University ( initially called ` Kerala Technological University ' ) is a university established by the government of Kerala . The objective of the University is to coordinate , supervise , regulate , guide and provide leadership in all aspects of technological and engineering education and research in Kerala State . The university has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram and its jurisdictional authority extends to the whole of Kerala State . The university has been established both as a teaching and affiliation university . Engineering colleges may be affiliated as a regular college , a constituent college , an autonomous college , or as a college with academic autonomy .", "title": "" } ]
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Jean-Martin Charcot was a neurologist.
[ { "docid": "e89b47ce81cfcde84280979e5deda6e1", "text": "Jean-Martin Charcot Jean-Martin Charcot ( -LSB- ʃɑrˈkoʊ -RSB- -LSB- ʃaʁko -RSB- ; 29 November 1825 -- 16 August 1893 ) was a French neurologist and professor of anatomical pathology . He is known as `` the founder of modern neurology '' , and his name has been associated with at least 15 medical eponyms , including Charcot -- Marie -- Tooth disease and Charcot disease ( better known as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis , motor neurone disease , or Lou Gehrig disease ) . Charcot has been referred to as `` the father of French neurology and one of the world 's pioneers of neurology '' . His work greatly influenced the developing fields of neurology and psychology ; modern psychiatry owes much to the work of Charcot and his direct followers . He was the `` foremost neurologist of late nineteenth-century France '' and has been called `` the Napoleon of the neuroses '' .", "title": "" } ]
[ { "docid": "89fa4917292f539e6a529943ae46f40b", "text": "Hermann Oppenheim Hermann Oppenheim ( 1 January 1858 -- 5 May 1919 ) was one of the leading neurologists in Germany . He studied medicine at the Universities of Berlin , Göttingen and Bonn . He started his career at the Charité-Hospital in Berlin as an assistant to Karl Westphal ( 1833 -- 1890 ) . In 1891 Oppenheim opened a successful private hospital in Berlin . In 1894 , Oppenheim was the author of a textbook on nervous diseases titled Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten für Ärzte und Studierende , a book that soon became a standard in his profession . It was published in several editions and languages , and is considered one of the best textbooks on neurology ever written . He also published significant works on tabes dorsalis , alcoholism , anterior poliomyelitis , syphilis , multiple sclerosis and traumatic neurosis . In the field of physiology , he published articles on metabolism of urea with the aid of Nathan Zuntz ( 1847 -- 1920 ) . In 1889 he published a treatise on traumatic neuroses that was harshly criticized by eminent physicians that included Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 -- 1893 ) and Max Nonne ( 1861 -- 1959 ) ; the reason being due to Oppenheim 's assertion that psychological trauma caused organic changes that perpetuated psychic neuroses . His expertise involving brain disease led directly to the first successful removal of a brain tumor , an operation that was performed by a physician named R. Köhler . With surgeon Fedor Krause ( 1857 -- 1937 ) , he reported the first successful removal of a pineal tumor . He coined the term `` dystonia musculorum deformans '' for a type of childhood torsion disease he described , a disorder that was later to become known as `` Ziehen-Oppenheim syndrome '' ( named along with German psychiatrist Theodor Ziehen 1862 -- 1950 ) . Also , another name for amyotonia congenita is `` Oppenheim 's disease '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "510f6ef5bf1f884e25eb11ca36a94916", "text": "Richard Cassirer Richard Cassirer ( April 23 , 1868 -- August 20 , 1925 ) was a German neurologist born into a Jewish family in Breslau . After receiving his medical doctorate in 1891 , he became assistant at the psychiatric clinic in Breslau under Karl Wernicke ( 1848 -- 1905 ) . In 1893 he relocated to Vienna , where he furthered his studies with Richard von Krafft-Ebing ( 1840 -- 1902 ) and Heinrich Obersteiner ( 1847 -- 1922 ) . Later , he became professor of neurology at the University of Berlin , where he worked closely with Hermann Oppenheim ( 1858 -- 1919 ) . As a clinical neurologist , Cassirer specialized on the anatomy of the central nervous system , and made contributions in his research of multiple sclerosis , encephalitis and poliomyelitis . Among his written works was a new edition ( 1923 ) of Oppenheim 's Lehrbuch der Nervenkrankheiten für Ärzte und Studierende . In 1912 he first described a circulatory disease marked by an association of ovarian insufficiency and acrocyanosis with vasomotor-trophic disturbance of the skin , and disturbances of sensitivity caused by dysregulation of the vegetative nervous system which has been given the eponymic name of `` Cassirer 's syndrome '' or `` Crocq-Cassirer syndrome '' . In 1921 , Dr. Cassirer was asked to give testimony in regards to the mental condition of Soghomon Tehlirian , a man accused of murdering Talaat Pasha . Cassirer maintained that Tehlirian was not sane when he carried out the crime due to a psychotic state caused as a result of his family being victims of a war-time massacre . Cassirer 's portrait was painted by renowned artist Max Liebermann in 1918 , and later presented to the Tate Gallery in London .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6a2ad2af1e2f65db3f42169502812eaf", "text": "Germain Sée Germain Sée ( February 6 , 1818 -- May 12 , 1896 ) was a French clinician who was a native of Ribeauvillé , Haut-Rhin . He studied medicine in Paris , obtaining his doctorate in 1846 with a dissertation on ergotism ( `` Recherches sur les propriétés du seigle ergoté et de ses principes constituants '' ) . In 1852 he became a physician of hospitals in Paris , and subsequently worked at La Rochefoucauld ( from 1857 ) , Beaujon ( from 1861 ) , Pitié ( from 1862 ) and Charité ( from 1868 ) hospitals . In 1866 he succeeded Armand Trousseau as chair of therapeutics at the Faculty of Medicine in Paris , and in 1876 attained the chair of clinical medicine at the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris . Sée specialized in the study of lung and cardiovascular diseases . He also made contributions in his research of chorea and its association with rheumatic disorders . He conducted extensive studies of various drugs , being an advocate of antipyrine as a general analgesic , and sodium salicylate for treatment of acute rheumatism . Among his writings were the multi-volume `` Médecine clinique '' , a work that he co-authored with Frédéric Labadie-Lagrave , and `` Leçons de pathologie expérimentale '' , a book on experimental pathology that was edited by Maurice Raynaud . His `` Des maladies spécifiques , non tuberculeuses , du poumon '' was later translated into English and published with the title `` Diseases of the lungs ( of a specific not tuberculous nature ) '' ( 1885 ) . In 1869 he became a member of the Académie de Médecine .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "5ae36a10ddb6b44a87f2e6d21d740f65", "text": "Paul Briquet Paul Briquet or Pierre Briquet ( 12 January 1796 to 25 January 1881 ) was a French physician and psychologist that advanced the reasoned treatment of disturbed people said to be hysterics . Briquet became a medical doctor in 1824 , a professor in 1827 . In 1836 he operated at the Cochin hospital and in 1846 at La Charité hospital . In 1853 he described the preparation and use of quinine . He published Traité clinique et thérapeutique de l'Hystérie in 1859 , and the following year he was admitted to the Academie de Medecine . A type of personality disorder called Briquet 's syndrome is classified as somatic symptom disorder . `` Although many of his theoretical concepts , basic scientific knowledge and data processing techniques were primitive by our standards , his approach , his emphasis on demonstrable facts , and his many well-substantiated conclusions mark his Treatise on Hysteria as an avant-garde work relevant even today '' Briquet was a proponent of male hysteria in his Treatise . He cites Louyer-Villermay , M. Dubois , M. Landouzy , and M. Monneret as putting to rest the doubt over male hysteria . He wrote , `` Regardless of the denials , men may suffer from hysteria , and the cases that prove it are not rare , and it is only possible to prevent it by acknowledging that . '' As a mental condition , hysteria is not due to uterine influence : `` Hysteria may occur in men , who have no uterus , in non-menstruating young women whose uterus is still in a rudimentary state and where it remains without influence , and in old women where it no longer influences . '' Briquet describes circumstances where simultaneously the senses are excited , and efforts are made to conceal the excitation , as precursors to hysteria . In Mark Micale 's reading of Briquet 's Treatise , the introductory section on male hysteria is followed by prejudice against the male victims of the disorder . Briquet chooses to begin the main body of his book with a 40-page discussion of hysteria in the adult male -- the very first discussion of its kind in a nineteenth-century medical text . By the end of Briquet 's long and authoritative exposition , an adult man capable of `` affective impressions '' is seen as not only sick and abnormal , but also as a deviation from , and menace to , the bourgeois family order . Apart from the gender factor , Briquet studied the epidemiology of hysteria through 430 patients that he attended over a decade of clinical work . Micale describes the anticipation of affective neuroscience : -LSB- Briquet centers -RSB- hysteria in the brain , conjecturing that a part of the human brain is reserved for emotional or `` affective sensations '' , as opposed to motor control and intellectual operations . He then specifies that `` hysteria is an illness consisting of a neurosis of the part of the brain destined to receive affective impressions and feelings '' . He goes on to maintain that the disorder is caused by the complex and highly individual interaction of many disparate factors , including age , gender , emotional disposition , family history , mode of education , previous physical illness and psychological stress . The malady develops temperamentally , he claims , in individuals with an `` affective predominance '' . In his 2004 history of mental illness , Theodore Millon noted Briquet 's advances : -LSB- Briquet -RSB- speculated on untoward developmental and life experiences as playing a pathogenic role ( e.g. parental mistreatment , spousal abuse , unfavorable employment circumstances , or business failures ) . Recognizing that only a small subset of those subjected to these psychosocial experiences developed the hysterical syndrome , Briquet proposed predispositions as pathogenic factors . Aware that life circumstances troubled his patients , he suggested that many would benefit by speaking to an empathetic counselor or physician who might serve as a confidant . Briquet showed great sensitivity in going beyond the crude medications of the day to employ a psychotherapeutic approach to his patients ' difficulties .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b753e69f3504f43686b031d11054f58b", "text": "The central science Chemistry is often called the central science because of its role in connecting the physical sciences , which include chemistry , with the life sciences and applied sciences such as medicine and engineering . The nature of this relationship is one of the main topics in the philosophy of chemistry and in scientometrics . The phrase was popularized by its use in a textbook by Theodore L. Brown and H. Eugene LeMay , titled Chemistry : The Central Science , which was first published in 1977 , with a thirteenth edition published in 2014 . The central role of chemistry can be seen in the systematic and hierarchical classification of the sciences by Auguste Comte in which each discipline provides a more general framework for the area it precedes ( mathematics → astronomy → physics → chemistry → physiology and medicine → social sciences ) . Balaban and Klein have more recently proposed a diagram showing partial ordering of sciences in which chemistry may be argued is `` the central science '' since it provides a significant degree of branching . In forming these connections the lower field can not be fully reduced to the higher ones . It is recognized that the lower fields possess emergent ideas and concepts that do not exist in the higher fields of science . Thus chemistry is built on an understanding of laws of physics that govern particles such as atoms , protons , electrons , thermodynamics , etc. although it has been shown that it has not been `` fully ` reduced ' to quantum mechanics '' . Concepts such as the periodicity of the elements and chemical bonds in chemistry are emergent in that they are more than the underlying forces that are defined by physics . In the same way , biology can not be fully reduced to chemistry despite the fact that the machinery that is responsible for life is composed of molecules . For instance , the machinery of evolution may be described in terms of chemistry by the understanding that it is a mutation in the order of genetic base pairs in the DNA of an organism . However , chemistry can not fully describe the process since it does not contain concepts such as natural selection that are responsible for driving evolution . Chemistry is fundamental to biology since it provides a methodology for studying and understanding the molecules that compose cells . Connections made by chemistry are formed through various sub-disciplines that utilize concepts from multiple scientific disciplines . Chemistry and physics are both needed in the areas of physical chemistry , nuclear chemistry , and theoretical chemistry . Chemistry and biology intersect in the areas of biochemistry , medicinal chemistry , molecular biology , chemical biology , molecular genetics , and immunochemistry . Chemistry and the earth sciences intersect in areas like geochemistry and hydrology .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "b82f88b6c36a4d209d23257dcc1ab43f", "text": "Jacques Monod Jacques Lucien Monod ( 9 February 1910 -- 31 May 1976 ) , a French biochemist , won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1965 , sharing it with François Jacob and Andre Lwoff `` for their discoveries concerning genetic control of enzyme and virus synthesis '' . Monod ( along with François Jacob ) became famous for his work on the E. coli lac operon , which encodes proteins necessary for the transport and breakdown of the sugar lactose ( lac ) . From their own work and the work of others , he and Jacob came up with a model for how the levels of some proteins in a cell are controlled . In their model , the manufacture of proteins , such as the ones encoded within the lac ( lactose ) operon , is prevented when a repressor , encoded by a regulatory gene , binds to its operator , a specific site on the DNA next to the genes encoding the proteins . ( It is now known that repressor bound to the operator physically blocks RNA polymerase from binding to the promoter , the site where transcription of the adjacent genes begins . ) Study of the control of expression of genes in the lac operon provided the first example of a transcriptional regulation system . Monod also suggested the existence of mRNA molecules that link the information encoded in DNA and proteins . He is widely regarded as one of the founders of molecular biology . Monod 's interest in the lac operon originated from his doctoral dissertation , for which he studied the growth of bacteria in culture media containing two sugars .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "df033583b0df1fe8e9a5a20ce09aa81b", "text": "Georges Gilles de la Tourette Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 30 October 1857 -- 26 May 1904 ) was a French physician and the namesake of Tourette 's syndrome , a neurological condition characterized by physical and verbal tics . He was born in the small town of Saint-Gervais-les-Trois-Clochers in the district of Châtellerault , near the city of Loudun . He could be retrospectively classified as a neurologist , but the field did not exist in his time . During 1873 Tourette began medical studies at Poitiers . He later relocated to Paris where he became a student , amanuensis , and house physician of his mentor , the influential contemporary neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot , director of the Salpêtrière Hospital . Charcot also helped him to advance in his academic career . Tourette studied and lectured in psychotherapy , hysteria and medical and legal ramifications of mesmerism ( modern-day hypnosis ) . Tourette described the symptoms of Tourette 's syndrome in nine patients in 1884 , using the name `` maladie des tics '' . Charcot renamed the syndrome `` Gilles de la Tourette 's illness '' in his honor . In 1893 , a former female patient shot Tourette in the head , claiming he had hypnotized her against her will . Both Tourette and many modern hypnologists state that this is impossible . His mentor , Charcot , had died recently , and his young son had also died recently . After these events , Tourette began to experience mood swings between depression and hypomania . Nevertheless , he organized public lectures in which he spoke about literacy , mesmerism and theatre . Tourette published an article on hysteria in the German Army , which angered Bismarck , and a further article about unhygienic conditions in the floating hospitals on the river Thames . With Gabriel Legué he analyzed abbess Jeanne des Anges ' account of her hysteria that was allegedly based on her unrequited love for a priest Urbain Grandier , who was later burned for witchcraft . Around 1902 , Tourette 's condition worsened and he was dismissed from his post . Gilles de la Tourette died on 26 May 1904 in a psychiatric hospital in Lausanne , Switzerland .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "57740e44220f7900dd1d8e8d299fefb1", "text": "Neurophysiology Neurophysiology ( from Greek νεῦρον , neuron , `` nerve '' ; φύσις , physis , `` nature , origin '' ; and - λογία , - logia , `` knowledge '' ) is a branch of physiology and neuroscience that is concerned with the study of the functioning of the nervous system . The primary tools of basic neurophysiological research include electrophysiological recordings , such as patch clamp , voltage clamp , extracellular single-unit recording and recording of local field potentials , as well as some of the methods of calcium imaging , optogenetics , and molecular biology . Neurophysiology is related to electrophysiology , neurobiology , psychology , neurology , clinical neurophysiology , neuroanatomy , cognitive science , biophysics , mathematical biology , and other sciences concerning the brain .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dba64719d376778dfca1240c3cd29a43", "text": "The Salpêtrière School of Hypnosis The Salpêtriére School , also known as the School of Paris , is , with the Nancy School , one of the great schools that contributed to the golden age of hypnosis in France from 1882 to 1892 . The leader of this school , the neurologist Jean Martin Charcot , contributed to the rehabilitation of hypnosis as a scientific subject presenting it as a somatic expression of hysteria . Charcot also used hypnosis as an investigative method and that by putting his hysterical patients into an ` experimental state ' it would permit him to reproduce their symptoms and interpret them . The work of the Salpêtrière School also presented a new vision of the phenomenon of hysteria . Charcot did not consider people suffering from hysteria as pretenders and discovered , to the surprise of all , that hysteria was not just a privilege reserved for women . Finally , Charcot associated hysteria to post-traumatic paralysis , establishing the basis for the theory of psychic trauma . Amongst Charcot 's collaborators included as members of the Salpêtrière School , there was notably Joseph Babinski , Paul Richer , Alfred Binet , Charles Féré , Pierre Janet , Georges Gilles de la Tourette , Alexandre-Achille Souques , Jules Cotard , Pierre Marie , Gilbert Ballet , Paul Regnard , Désiré-Magloire Bourneville , Ferdinand Bottey , Paul Brémaud and Victor Dumontpallier . The work of the Saltpêtrière School had an important influence on most of the great clinicians of the era such as Sigmund Freud , Eugen Bleuler and Joseph Delboeuf . Ultimately the polemic opposing Charcot against Hippolyte Bernheim and the other members of the Nancy School would end by Charcot being accused of operating as a carnival showman , training his patients in theatrical behaviour which he would attribute to hypnosis . After his death in 1893 , the practice of hypnotism would decline in medical circles and it would be prohibited by the founders of experimental psychology and psychoanalysis .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "f0a8443545c39435c490dfc0fbfba153", "text": "Auguste-Charles Marie Auguste-Charles Marie ( 26 July 1864 -- 29 March 1935 ) was a French microbiologist born in Bayeux , department Calvados . He served as interne des hôpitaux in Paris , earning his medical doctorate in 1895 with a thesis on cancer titled Recherches sur la question du cancer . From 1894 to 1899 he focused on physico-pathological studies of microbial poisoning at the Pasteur Institute in Paris . In 1899 -- 1900 he served under Maurice Nicolle ( 1862 -- 1932 ) as chief of anti-rabies services at the institute of microbiology in Constantinople . Afterwards he was associated with research done at the Pasteur Institute in Paris . Following the death of Emile Roux ( 1853 -- 1933 ) , he was appointed manager of anti-rabies services . Marie is known for his research involving the action of tetanus toxin on the nervous system , as well as studies of tuberculosis and rabies . In the 1910s he demonstrated that natural and synthetic suprarenin had the ability to neutralize diphtheria and tetanus toxins . His investigations of rabies led to the development of new vaccination processes . With Jean Cantacuzène ( 1863-1934 ) , he published two articles on gastrointestinal cholera . In 1903 he was co-founder of the Bulletin de l'Institut Pasteur . In 1934 , with Paul Remlinger ( 1871 -- 1964 ) , he was recipient of the `` Prix Dagnan-Bouveret '' by the Académie des sciences for work involving rage expérimentale ( experimental rabies ) . He died on 29 March 1935 in his laboratory at the Pasteur Institute .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a7fb0928d9514372d72aec399b19c7fe", "text": "Scientific theory A scientific theory is an explanation of some aspect of the natural world that can , in accordance with the scientific method , be repeatedly tested , using a predefined protocol of observations and experiments . Established scientific theories have withstood rigorous scrutiny and are a comprehensive form of scientific knowledge . It is important to note that the definition of a `` scientific theory '' ( often ambiguously contracted to `` theory '' for the sake of brevity , including in this page ) as used in the disciplines of science is significantly different from the common vernacular usage of the word `` theory '' . Per NAS 2008 : `` The formal scientific definition of theory is quite different from the everyday meaning of the word . It refers to a comprehensive explanation of some aspect of nature that is supported by a vast body of evidence . '' In everyday non-scientific speech , `` theory '' can imply that something is an unsubstantiated and speculative guess , conjecture , idea , or , hypothesis ; such a usage is the opposite of the word `` theory '' in science . These different usages are comparable to the differing , and often opposing , usages of the term `` prediction '' in science versus `` prediction '' in vernacular speech , denoting a mere hope . The strength of a scientific theory is related to the diversity of phenomena it can explain . As additional scientific evidence is gathered , a scientific theory may be rejected or modified if it does not fit the new empirical findings ; in such circumstances , a more accurate theory is then desired . In certain cases , the less-accurate unmodified scientific theory can still be treated as a theory if it is useful ( due to its sheer simplicity ) as an approximation under specific conditions ( e.g. , Newton 's laws of motion as an approximation to special relativity at velocities that are small relative to the speed of light ) . Scientific theories are testable and make falsifiable predictions . They describe the causal elements responsible for a particular natural phenomenon , and are used to explain and predict aspects of the physical universe or specific areas of inquiry ( e.g. , electricity , chemistry , astronomy ) . Scientists use theories as a foundation to gain further scientific knowledge , as well as to accomplish goals such as inventing technology or curing disease . As with other forms of scientific knowledge , scientific theories are both deductive and inductive in nature and aim for predictive power and explanatory capability . Paleontologist , evolutionary biologist , and science historian Stephen Jay Gould said , `` ... facts and theories are different things , not rungs in a hierarchy of increasing certainty . Facts are the world ′ s data . Theories are structures of ideas that explain and interpret facts . ''", "title": "" }, { "docid": "228d55e57c5af165c7738a3ae567bcfd", "text": "Étienne-Jules Marey Étienne-Jules Marey ( -LSB- maʁɛ -RSB- ; 5 March 1830 , Beaune , Côte-d'Or -- 15 May 1904 , Paris ) was a French scientist , physiologist and chronophotographer . His work was significant in the development of cardiology , physical instrumentation , aviation , cinematography and the science of laboratory photography . He is widely considered to be a pioneer of photography and an influential pioneer of the history of cinema . He was also a pioneer in establishing a variety of graphical techniques for the display and interpretation of quantitative data from physiological measurement .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "4f4433251cd981bdd746039eb0c13a0c", "text": "Jean-Pierre Changeux Jean-Pierre Changeux ( -LSB- ʃɑ̃ʒø -RSB- ; born 6 April 1936 ) is a French neuroscientist known for his research in several fields of biology , from the structure and function of proteins ( with a focus on the allosteric proteins ) , to the early development of the nervous system up to cognitive functions . Although being famous in biological sciences for the MWC model , the identification and purification of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and the theory of epigenesis by synapse selection are also notable scientific achievements . Changeux is known by the non-scientific public for his ideas regarding the connection between mind and physical brain . As put forth in his book , Conversations on Mind , Matter and Mathematics , Changeux strongly supports the view that the nervous system functions in a projective rather than reactive style and that interaction with the environment , rather than being instructive , results in the selection amongst a diversity of preexisting internal representations .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "d140bd6d0968d676ed643fcc1c7ba44c", "text": "Augustine (film) Augustine is 2012 French historical drama film about a love affair between French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot and his patient . The film debuted in France at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival in the Special Screenings section and later played at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival in the Discovery section . It was released in France in November 2012 and in the U.S. in May 2013 , given a limited release by Music Box Films .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "dc39bfa5c942118d4e5ff050ec04f85f", "text": "Phenotype A phenotype is the composite of an organism 's observable characteristics or traits , such as its morphology , development , biochemical or physiological properties , behavior , and products of behavior ( such as a bird 's nest ) . A phenotype results from the expression of an organism 's genetic code , its genotype , as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two . When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species , the species is called polymorphic . A well-documented polymorphism is Labrador Retriever coloring ; while the coat color depends on many genes , it is clearly seen in the environment as yellow , black and brown . This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism 's heredity and what that heredity produces . The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann , who distinguished between germ plasm ( heredity ) and somatic cells ( the body ) . The genotype-phenotype distinction should not be confused with Francis Crick 's central dogma of molecular biology , which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein , and not the reverse . Richard Dawkins in 1978 and then again in his 1982 book The Extended Phenotype suggested that bird nests and other built structures such as caddis fly larvae cases and beaver dams can be considered as `` extended phenotypes '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a0dd5775d73a2f9f5b1c936cb5008e5b", "text": "History of Tourette syndrome Tourette syndrome is an inherited neurological disorder with onset in childhood , characterized by the presence of multiple physical ( motor ) tics and at least one vocal ( phonic ) tic . The eponym was bestowed by Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 -- 93 ) on behalf of his resident , Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 1859 -- 1904 ) , a French physician and neurologist , who published an account of nine patients with Tourette 's in 1885 . The possibility that movement disorders , including Tourette syndrome , might have an organic origin was raised when an encephalitis epidemic from 1918 -- 1926 led to a subsequent epidemic of tic disorders . Research in 1972 advanced the argument that Tourette 's is a neurological , rather than psychological , disorder ; since the 1990s , a more neutral view of Tourette 's has emerged , in which biological vulnerability and adverse environmental events are seen to interact . Findings since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics , neuroimaging , neurophysiology , and neuropathology . Questions remain regarding how best to classify Tourette syndrome , and how closely Tourette 's is related to other movement disorders or psychiatric disorders . Good epidemiologic data is still lacking , and available treatments are not risk free and not always well tolerated .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6e7a188945292039999b6cad2e783bd5", "text": "Music-specific disorders Neuroscientists have learned a lot about the role of the brain in numerous cognitive mechanisms by understanding corresponding disorders . Similarly , neuroscientists have come to learn a lot about music cognition by studying music-specific disorders . Even though music is most often viewed from a `` historical perspective rather than a biological one '' music has significantly gained the attention of neuroscientists all around the world . For many centuries music has been strongly associated with art and culture . The reason for this increased interest in music is because it `` provides a tool to study numerous aspects of neuroscience , from motor skill learning to emotion '' .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "00b47c01552ff11987e58c2a006f87c0", "text": "Charcot foot Charcot foot could mean : Charcot arthropathy in the foot , most commonly due to diabetic neuropathy The characteristic foot deformity of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease ( nb . As a neuropathy , this can eventually lead to Charcot arthropathy of the foot )", "title": "" }, { "docid": "a739f5f8c79be400f0d81e47efe9a73b", "text": "Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development The Synactive Theory of Newborn Behavioral Organization and Development ( Synaction n. , or Synactive adj. -LSB- from the Greek syn `` together '' and the Latin actio `` action , '' resulting in : `` together in action '' -RSB- ) suggests that development of the human fetus , and later newborn , proceeds through the constant balancing of approach and avoidance behaviors , leading to : 1 ) a continuous interaction of the subsystems ( i.e. , Autonomic , Motor , State and Attention/Interaction , and Regulatory ) and their increasingly defined delineations within the organism , that is the infant , and 2 ) the organism 's interaction with the environment at large . This process is aimed at bringing about the increasingly well-defined species-unique developmental agenda . Figure 1 ( below ) , provides a graphic representation of the Synactive Theory of development , as applied to both fetal and newborn stages . It focuses upon the infant 's within-organism , four subsystems of functioning , and their continuous interaction with each other and with the environment across time ( i.e. , `` together in action , '' or synaction ) . The four subsystems include the : Autonomic Subsystem : Expressed in the pattern of respiration ( e.g. , fast , slow , pauses ) color changes ( e.g. , pink , pale , red ) , neurological indicators ( e.g. , seizures , tremulousness ) , and visceral or gut signals such as bowel movements , gagging , and hiccoughing ; Motor Subsystem : Observable through the tone , posture and movement patterns of the infant ; State and Attention/Interaction Subsystem : Expressed via : 1 ) the range of states available to the infant ( i.e. , deep sleep , light sleep , drowsy , alert , hyperalert , and cry ) , 2 ) how clearly it is to observably differentiate one state from the other , and 3 ) the patterns of transitions from one state to another ( e.g. , smooth well-differentiated state transitions versus abrupt unorganized state transitions ) . The attention/interaction system is set within this state continuum ( i.e. , from deep sleep to cry ) and represented by the infant 's ability to adjust the robustness and increasing refinement of an alert , attentive state . The infant uses this state to take in cognitive and social information from the environment as well as to bring forth and modify inputs from the surrounding world ; and Regulatory Subsystem : Behaviorally represented via the observable strategies the infant uses ( Self-Regulation ) in maintaining a balanced , relatively stable and relaxed state of subsystem of functioning or in returning to this a state of subsystem functioning if imbalance , or stress has occurred within the subsystems . An additional component of the regulatory subsystem is observable in the kind and amount of support offered by the caregiver ( e.g. , supporting a soft , tucked , flexed position of the infant 's arms and legs ) or by the environment ( e.g. , dimming the lights in the nursery ) . This Co-Regulation may be necessary to help the infant 's return to balance in situations when his/her own self-regulatory capacities are exceeded . Reproduced with permission from Als , H. Toward a synactive theory of development : Promise for the assessment of infant individuality . Infant Mental Health Journal . 1982 : ( 3 ) : 229-243 ; p. 234 . The graphic representation of the Synactive Theory above depicts the developing organism , that is , the infant , in constant interaction with the environment from within the womb to the newborn intensive care unit ( NICU ) , and the caregiving family 's support in the NICU , to the family in their home . Newborn infants are actively striving for their next steps in development , while depending upon `` good enough '' environments and care to assure progress along their developmental agenda . The Synactive Theory of Development continues to be instrumental in guiding clinicians ( e.g. , neonatologist , nurses , psychologists , developmental specialists , physical/occupational therapists , etc. ) and researchers in their understanding of the often very small steps in development that prematurely born and other high risk newborns attempt to accomplish ( which are major steps for their immature or injured brain ) . This theory gives professionals the framework and tools with which to identify the infant 's strengths , challenges and accomplishments . Such accomplishments may include breathing , sucking and swallowing in a coordinated sequence ; moving food down into and through the stomach and intestinal track instead of upwards , leading to reflux and vomiting ; looking at the caregiver and breathing at the same time , as well as many others . The Synactive Theory is the foundation of both : 1 ) the Assessment of Preterm Infants ' Behavior ( APIB ) , a standardized comprehensive newborn test , and 2 ) the Newborn Individualized Developmental Care and Assessment Program ( NIDCAP ) , which is the care and intervention approach , that focuses on each infant 's behavioral cues ( e.g. , hand ( s ) to mouth , bracing with feet against a supporting surface ) in order to support the infant 's strengths and reduce the infant 's vulnerabilities . The infant 's family is viewed as the infant 's most important nurturer and is integrated in all care from the infant 's birth on throughout the infant 's hospitalization .", "title": "" }, { "docid": "6928a55b4b64c43f29187d48ae2c02ee", "text": "Albert Pitres Albert Pitres ( 26 August 1848 -- 25 March 1928 ) was a French neurological physician . He was born in Bordeaux and received his training in Paris , where he was the student of Jean Martin Charcot ( 1825-1893 ) and Louis-Antoine Ranvier ( 1835-1922 ) . He served as dean of the Faculty of Medicine at Bordeaux ( appointed 1885 ) . He began his medical studies in Bordeaux , later working as an interne to the hospitals of Paris ( from 1872 ) . In 1877 he defended his doctoral thesis , and during the following year received his agrégation with a dissertation titled `` Les hypertrophies et les dilatations cardiaques indépendante des lésions valvulaires '' . In the late 1870s , with Charles-Émile François-Franck , he performed studies on the excitation of the cerebral cortex and the localization of brain function . Afterwards , he returned to Bordeaux , where from 1881 to 1919 , he was maître to the chair of pathology . Pitres died in 1928 at the age of 79 after falling down stairs . Lessons that Pitres gave at the amphitheater in Bordeaux on the following subjects were compiled and published : hysteria and hypnotism ( 1891 ) , amnesic aphasia ( 1897 ) , paraphasia ( 1898 ) and physical signs associated with pleural effusions ( 1902 ) . His studies of peripheral neuritis were published in Volume XXXVI of Gilbert and Carnot 's `` Nouveau traité de médeine et de thérapeutique '' . With Leo Testut ( 1849-1925 ) , he was co-author of `` Les nerfs en schémas , anatomie et physiopathologie '' ( 1925 ) . His name became associated with pleural effusion and with tabes dorsalis . The term `` Pitres ' sign '' refers to hypoesthesia of the scrotum and testicles in tabes dorsalis .", "title": "" } ]
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