MAC: A Live Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models in Scientific Understanding
Paper • 2508.15802 • Published
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NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY | 42_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY/42_7.png | B | Nature Biotechnology celebrates its 20-year anniversary. Cover art: Erin Boyle | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY/34_10.txt | vitg | 34_10.txt | Modeling genetic perturbation outcomes
Predicting the outcome of genetic perturbations: Roohani et al. present GEARS, a computational method that integrates deep learning with a knowledge graph of gene–gene relationships to simulate the effects of genetic perturbations.
See Roohani et al.
Image: Yusuf Roohani, Jure Les... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY/42_7.txt | groundtruth | 42_7.txt | Nature Biotechnology celebrates ten years of publishing the very best of biotech science and business. Cover art: Erin Boyle. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY/24_10.txt | ave_2 | 24_10.txt | Nature Biotechnology celebrates 15 years of publishing the very best of biotech science and business. Cover art: Marina Corral. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY/29_10.txt | clip | 29_10.txt | val |
Nature Photonics | 18_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Photonics/18_2.png | B | Using spectrally shaped counter-propagating femtosecond laser pulses, scientists demonstrate spatial and spectral coherent control in an atomic vapour, exciting atoms only at specific controlled locations in space with high resolution.
Letter p38; News & Views p6
IMAGE: BARMES et al.
COVER DESIGN: TOM WILSON | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/7_12.txt | ave_1 | 7_12.txt | Ultra-intense Compton scattering
Artistic impression of a nonlinear Compton scattering experiment in which an electron bunch (blue) is accelerated by a laser wakefield to multi-gigaelectron volt energy and then collides with an ultra-intense petawatt laser pulse (red) and generates a strong gamma-ray beam (purple).
See... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/18_2.txt | groundtruth | 18_2.txt | Gamma-ray radiation can be produced by Compton scattering an intense laser off relativistic electrons that have been accelerated in a laser plasma accelerator.Letter by Ta Phuoc et al .IMAGE: TA PHUOC et al.COVER DESIGN: TOM WILSON | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/6_8.txt | vitg | 6_8.txt | Artistic illustration of coherent nonlinear optical interactions taking place between a single molecule of dibenzanthanthrene and pump and probe beams containing just a few photons.
Letter p450; News & Views p438
COVER DESIGN: BETHANY VUKOMANOVIC, BASED ON A CONCEPT BY VAHID SANDOGHDAR | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/10_6.txt | clip | 10_6.txt | train |
Developmental Cell | 59_23 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Developmental Cell/59_23.png | A | On the cover: From roots of stem cells to mammary majesty: the image is a visual narrative
of the origin of mammary gland from hair-associated apocrine glands. The tree of life
transforms into a portrait of a face, with roots as embryonic stem cells (white) that
differentiate into branched mammary glands, represented b... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/59_23.txt | groundtruth | 59_23.txt | On the cover: Developmental Cell publishes papers representing a full range of cell biology and development, from
molecular mechanism to organismal pathophysiology. The spiraling elements depicted
on the cover of this month's tenth anniversary issue suggest a continuum of relationships
amongst these intertwined discipl... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/21_6.txt | clip | 21_6.txt | On the cover: In this issue we celebrate Developmental Cell's 20th anniversary year. The image depicts the fruits of the cell and developmental biology's
progress over the last two decades. Cell biology is represented by the epithelial
cell layer, development by Waddington's landscape, and a Tree of Knowledge to reflec... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/56_2.txt | vith | 56_2.txt | On the cover: This image depicts clonal dispersion during branching morphogenesis.
A reconstructed ductal tree of an embryonic murine salivary gland lobe (white lines)
showing clones resulting from labelling individual cells at the initial stages of
development and tracing them until the terminal stage of branching. Th... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/58_23.txt | ave_2 | 58_23.txt | train |
Molecular Pharmaceutics | 2024_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2024_4.png | A | The cover shows a novel therapeutic fusion protein that occurs as a homodimer. One monomer is colored according to the hydrogen exchange results, and the other monomer is colored according to the computational modeling results, both performed to understand the sites responsible for reversible self-association. The meth... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2024_4.txt | groundtruth | 2024_4.txt | The cover art symbolizes the importance of the prediction and control of the solid form in pharmaceutical solid state chemistry, a subject explored within this Virtual Special Issue (VSI) titled “Crystallizing the Role of Solid-State Form in Drug Delivery.” This VSI is jointly produced by Molecular Pharmaceutics and Cr... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2022_5.txt | vith | 2022_5.txt | As a showcase of the union of computer simulation and experimental work, this cover art captures the complex interaction of cationic polymers with RNA. It marks the progress from traditional trial and error to intelligent design in developing precise polymeric drug delivery systems, demonstrating a significant advance ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2024_8.txt | clip | 2024_8.txt | Molecular interactions impact physicochemical and dissolution attributes of pharmaceutical ingredients in amorphous solid dispersions. Structural elucidation aims to unveil mechanistic roles but often reveals challenges from the multicomponent and disordered nature of drug products. Atomic-level structural restraints a... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2020_6.txt | vitg | 2020_6.txt | train |
Cell Stem Cell | 31_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cell Stem Cell/31_11.png | A | On the cover: Yan, Li, Gao, et al. develop a 3D bioprinting technology that assembles human stem cell-derived neural
progenitors into neural tissues with functional connectivity. The cover illustrates
human brain tissue with functional networks (denoted in line nets) generated by 3D
bioprinting (indicated by protrusion... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Stem Cell/31_11.txt | groundtruth | 31_11.txt | On the cover: The cover illustrates the themes of both communication between different
stakeholders in regenerative medicine and repair processes mediated by stem cells.
Cover design by Yvonne Blanco. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Stem Cell/8_1.txt | clip | 8_1.txt | On the cover: This issue features a series of reviews and a Forum article covering
promising advances in stem cell and gene therapy. The articles discuss preclinical
and clinical approaches designed to effectively target neurodegenerative diseases,
diabetes and blood disorders, the use of organoids for improved disease... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Stem Cell/30_8.txt | vith | 30_8.txt | On the cover: A joint special issue between Cell Stem Cell and Trends in Biotechnology features a series of Reviews and opinion articles discussing the progress, remaining
challenges, and future opportunities in tissue engineering. Articles about technological
advances and applications in creating high-fidelity tissue ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Stem Cell/22_4.txt | vitg | 22_4.txt | train |
Trends in Genetics | 40_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Genetics/40_8.png | B | This Special Issue of Trends in Genetics covers a range of themes related to organogenesis, from the formation of the central
nervous system to the evolution of the insect eye. The articles in this issue highlight
the commonalities of organ formation that are shared across species and kingdoms,
and provide insight on t... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Genetics/31_7.txt | clip | 31_7.txt | Bdelloid rotifers are microscopic filter-feeding animals that live in
freshwater habitats worldwide. In this issue, Wilson et al. discuss how recombination
interlinks with three strange features of bdelloids: high levels of horizontal gene
acquisition, stress-tolerance, and an apparent lack of males. This individual of... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Genetics/40_8.txt | groundtruth | 40_8.txt | In this special issue of Trends in Genetics, we turn the lens on ourselves. The articles
this month focus on human genetics, with topics ranging from resources and methods
to make the most of the explosion of sequencing data to evolutionary questions about
mutation rates and how selection acts through pregnancy. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Genetics/29_4.txt | vitg | 29_4.txt | In this special issue of Trends in Genetics, we turn the lens on ourselves. The articles
this month focus on human genetics, with topics ranging from resources and methods
to make the most of the explosion of sequencing data to evolutionary questions about
mutation rates and how selection acts through pregnancy. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Genetics/29_3.txt | ave_2 | 29_3.txt | test |
NATURE GENETICS | 56_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE GENETICS/56_5.png | C | Mendel and memories
In celebration of the 200th anniversary of Gregor Mendel’s birth and the 30th anniversary of the launch of Nature Genetics, we look both forwards and backwards at how far the genetics field has come. This cover image is inspired by the cover of the first issue of Nature Genetics in 1992.
Image and C... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE GENETICS/54_6.txt | vitg | 54_6.txt | The bovine ancestry of the domestic yak (p 470) | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE GENETICS/49_10.txt | ave_0 | 49_10.txt | On the road to ruminant T2T genomics
The ruminant telomere-to-telomere (RT2T) consortium aims to generate complete diploid assemblies for many ruminant species to examine chromosomal evolution in the context of natural selection and domestication.
See Kalbfleisch et al.
Image: Westend61/ Westend61/Getty. Cover design: ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE GENETICS/56_5.txt | groundtruth | 56_5.txt | GTExStyles by Erin Dewalt (CC-BY source images doi:10.1038/nature24277) | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE GENETICS/49_1.txt | clip | 49_1.txt | test |
Trends in Cognitive Sciences | 28_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Cognitive Sciences/28_4.png | A | Exploring the contrast in confidence levels regarding the existence of
invisible scientific phenomena, such as oxygen, and invisible religious phenomena,
like God, raises questions about the role of direct experience versus testimony in
shaping beliefs across different domains. Conventional explanations often attribute... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cognitive Sciences/28_4.txt | groundtruth | 28_4.txt | In celebration of the 20th anniversary of Trends in Cognitive Sciences, this issue highlights how human cognition interacts with the modern environment.
The editorial introduces a virtual special issue on cognition in the modern era and
highlights articles in this and recent issues that examine facets of this topic. Co... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cognitive Sciences/21_11.txt | ave_1 | 21_11.txt | In celebration of our 25th anniversary, this issue of Trends in Cognitive Sciences features a series of essays highlighting key open questions that leading scientists
believe the field should explore over the next quarter-century. Reflecting the breadth
of cognitive science, these essays address diverse topics, from ep... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cognitive Sciences/26_1.txt | clip | 26_1.txt | In this issue of Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Rosenberg, Finn, Scheinost, Constable, and Chun discuss advances in connectivity-based
predictive modeling, how these methods inform our understanding of attention, and
how they can be applied to other cognitive domains. Cover image from iStockphoto/SomkiatFakmee.
Cover de... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cognitive Sciences/21_9.txt | ave_2 | 21_9.txt | train |
Nature Nanotechnology | 19_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Nanotechnology/19_4.png | C | Complete photonic bandgap in the visible
The image on the cover shows a 3D-printed sculpture composed of nanoscale gyroid crystals in titania that exhibit optical chirality under visible light.
See Yang et al.
Image: Wang Zhang, Joel K. W. Yang, Singapore University of Technology and Design. Cover design: Vanitha Selva... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Nanotechnology/19_1.txt | vith | 19_1.txt | Devices that manipulate single electrons have applications in many areas of nanotechnology. The artist's impression on the cover shows the tip of an atomic force microscope creating a single-electron transistor at the interface between two oxide materials. Jeremy Levy and co-workers have used this approach to make a tr... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Nanotechnology/6_7.txt | clip | 6_7.txt | Polariton condensation on the edge
The image presents a topologically protected polariton emission formed by hybridizing optical and excitonic excitations in a halide perovskite microcavity.
See Kai Peng et al.
Image: Kai Peng, Wei Li, and Wei Bao, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. Cover design: Debbie Maizels | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Nanotechnology/19_4.txt | groundtruth | 19_4.txt | Research into public perceptions of nanotechnology is becoming more rigorous with social scientists developing and testing increasingly complex theoretical models, as demonstrated by three papers in this issue. Dan Kahan and coworkers investigated the influence of cultural factors - in particular, whether individuals w... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Nanotechnology/4_11.txt | vitg | 4_11.txt | val |
Molecular Plant | 17_10 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Molecular Plant/17_10.png | D | On the cover: The cover image illustrates that Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology such as
the recently developed protein structure prediction tool AlphaFold2 can be used not
only for understanding the complex interactions between plants and microorganisms
but also for designing crop varieties that can adapt to fut... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Plant/17_4.txt | vitg | 17_4.txt | On The Cover Quantitation of ultra-trace gibberellins in a single flower and its sub-organs of
Arabidopsis thaliana by chemical-labeling-based LC-ESI-MS/MS method. Image by: Dongmei Li, Zhenpeng Guo
and Yi Chen. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Plant/9_13.txt | vith | 9_13.txt | On the cover: The cover image features an illustration inspired by the Chinese myth of King Yu
Taming the Flood, which serves as a metaphor for the role of CALCIUM-DEPENDENT PROTEIN
KINASE 12 (CPK12) in hypoxia signaling in Arabidopsis. Hypoxia caused by the submergence/flooding can seriously hinder plant growth, devel... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Plant/16_8.txt | clip | 16_8.txt | On the cover: The cover image illustrates a paradox of callus proliferation during in vitro plant regeneration. Hypoxic microenvironments resulted from active callus proliferation
during the in vitro plant regeneration process intrinsically inhibit callus regeneration competence.
Low oxygen levels in callus (shown in r... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Plant/17_10.txt | groundtruth | 17_10.txt | train |
Science Robotics | 9_86 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Science/Cover/Science Robotics/9_86.png | B | ONLINE COVER Opening Doors. Robot swarms are designed to achieve complex global behaviors through simple local interactions between robots with very rudimentary sensing and locomotive abilities. Boudet et al. demonstrate that a swarm of primitive, centimeter-scale, vibrating robots bound by a deformable metal scaffold... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science Robotics/6_56.txt | vitg | 6_56.txt | ONLINE COVER Programmable Matter—Lattice structures can be self-assembled and reconfigured autonomously using robots. Gregg et al. report on a self-reprogrammable system made of lightweight and high-strength carbon fiber–reinforced composite unit cells that can be assembled by transport and fastening robots. The robots... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science Robotics/9_86.txt | groundtruth | 9_86.txt | ONLINE COVER Special Issue on Autonomy and AI in Robotics. A team of legged robots can efficiently explore unstructured terrains with task-level autonomy. Arm et al. report on a robot team comprising a “scout” that can identify potential scientific targets in an environment, a “hybrid” that collects data from the targe... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science Robotics/8_80.txt | clip | 8_80.txt | ONLINE COVER A Model of Oneself. Robots, like humans and animals, require self-models to be able to anticipate and plan future actions. Chen et al. developed a method that enables a robot arm to model its morphology and kinematics using an approach based on query-driven visual self-modeling. This month’s cover is a mul... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science Robotics/7_68.txt | ave_1 | 7_68.txt | train |
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry | 2024_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Journal of Medicinal Chemistry/2024_2.png | A | This cover depicts a promising approach in drug discovery for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Via phenotypic discovery of triple-target combinations with synergistic effects on microglia, an in silico restricted fragment docking strategy was developed to achieve “three birds with one stone”. The optimal ligand sh... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Medicinal Chemistry/2024_2.txt | groundtruth | 2024_2.txt | Flygare, J. A.; Beresini, M.; Budha, N.; Chan, H.; Chan, I. T.; Cheeti, S.; Cohen, F.; Deshayes, K.; Doerner, K.; Eckhardt, S. G.; Elliott, L. O.; Feng, B.; Franklin, M. C.; Reisner, S. F.; Gazzard, L.; Halladay, J.; Hymowitz, S. G.; La, H.; LoRusso, P.; Maurer, B.; Murray, L.; Plise, E.; Quan, C.; Stephan, J.-P.; Youn... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Medicinal Chemistry/2012_15.txt | vith | 2012_15.txt | The novel clinical FLAP inhibitor AZD5718 inhibiting FLAP in coronary artery for treatment of coronary artery disease. (Pettersen, D.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62, DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b02004) View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Medicinal Chemistry/2019_16.txt | vitg | 2019_16.txt | Light activation to inhibit prolyl hydroxylase 2, subsequently stabilizing hypoxia-inducible factor and promoting expression of the target gene. (Zhang, X.; et al. J. Med. Chem. 2019, 62, DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00688) | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Medicinal Chemistry/2019_9.txt | clip | 2019_9.txt | test |
Cell Reports Physical Science | 5_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cell Reports Physical Science/5_7.png | A | On the cover: In this issue, Ng et al. demonstrate a self-driving digital twin that is designed to automatically improve
the performance of roll-to-roll printed solar cells using high-throughput, closed-loop
techniques driven by machine learning. This month's cover depicts a robotics-controlled,
high-throughput roll-to... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/5_7.txt | groundtruth | 5_7.txt | On the cover: A visual celebration of Cell Reports Physical Science’s fifth anniversary, featuring all of our covers from Volume 1, Issue 1 to December
2024’s Volume 5, Issue 12. We’d like to thank Cell Press’s own Philip Krzeminski for
his help in creating this beautiful cover. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/6_2.txt | ave_1 | 6_2.txt | On the cover: This month's issue of Cell Reports Physical Science features a special focus on base metal catalysis. This collection of papers, curated
in collaboration with Laura Ackerman-Biegasiewicz and published alongside the rest
of our research articles, highlights advances in this increasingly topical field.
Imag... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/4_9.txt | ave_3 | 4_9.txt | On the cover: A visual celebration of Cell Reports Physical Science’s fifth anniversary, featuring all of our covers from Volume 1, Issue 1 to December
2024’s Volume 5, Issue 12. We’d like to thank Cell Press’s own Philip Krzeminski for
his help in creating this beautiful cover. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/6_1.txt | clip | 6_1.txt | train |
NATURE IMMUNOLOGY | 25_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE IMMUNOLOGY/25_1.png | D | Seillet and colleagues demonstrate that the neurohormone VIP, produced by enteric neurons in response to feeding, activates VIPR2 on ILC3 to coordinate anticipatory defense mechanisms through IL-22 to protect mucosal tissues.
See Seillet et al.
Image: Nicolas Jacquelot, Kylie Luong, Cyril Seillet. COVER DESIGN: Erin De... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE IMMUNOLOGY/21_11.txt | vitg | 21_11.txt | Germinal center response efficiency
Ludewig and colleagues use fate-mapping reporter cells, single-cell RNA-seq analysis and high-resolution microscopy to identify and track the spatial reorganization of follicular reticular cells within germinal centers during the course of an immune response.
See Ludewig and Clark an... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE IMMUNOLOGY/21_7.txt | vith | 21_7.txt | 20 years of Nature Immunology
Twenty antibodies to reflect 20 years of Nature Immunology. To celebrate our anniversary, we have commissioned a series of Comments from some of our authors from the last 20 years that describe their landmark studies and how they drove immunology research forward.
See https://www.nature.co... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE IMMUNOLOGY/21_6.txt | clip | 21_6.txt | Sentinel macrophage–nociceptor crosstalk
Why joints are highly responsive to systemic inflammation is unknown. Hasegawa et al. sought to address this question, developing a whole-mount imaging system of the entire synovium to profile the vascular, neuronal and immune components.
See Hasegawa et al.
Image credit: Tetsuo... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE IMMUNOLOGY/25_1.txt | groundtruth | 25_1.txt | train |
Nature Machine Intelligence | 7_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Machine Intelligence/7_1.png | C | Learning from human decision making
Artificial intelligence and machine learning systems may surpass human performance on a variety of tasks, but they may also mimic or amplify human errors or biases. This issue of Nature Machine Intelligence features a Perspective describing decades of research by psychologists on the... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Machine Intelligence/1_9.txt | clip | 1_9.txt | Looking for the right questions
Machine learning offers a powerful tool to scientists for probing data. But these tools must be developed with the right questions in mind. This issue features a Perspective exploring the challenges for social sciences to connect to AI research, a Comment from conservation ecologists urg... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Machine Intelligence/1_11.txt | vith | 1_11.txt | Exploring causality, dynamics and cognition with LLMs
Modern vision-based large language models (LLMs) appear remarkably human-like at first glance. However, when tested on canonical psychology experiments, they fall short of human capabilities in predicting complex physical interactions, causal relationships, and intu... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Machine Intelligence/7_1.txt | groundtruth | 7_1.txt | Intelligent collaboration within reach
As robots are becoming skilled at performing complex tasks, the next step is to enable useful and safe interactions with humans. To effectively collaborate with and assist us, robots need to be able to understand human actions and intent. This issue of Nature Machine Intelligence ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Machine Intelligence/1_12.txt | vitg | 1_12.txt | train |
Nano Letters | 2025_3 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Nano Letters/2025_3.png | B | This cover shows the friction between a pair of silicon anvils in the non-Amontons (high pressure) and non-Coulomb (low sliding speed) regime. The nanometer-scale silicon crystalline anvils are brought into contact and form a decrystalized junction due to high pressure. The lower anvil moves laterally at low sliding... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2015_10.txt | ave_1 | 2015_10.txt | An evanescent near field (golden particles) beneath the apex of a metallic tip launches a surface plasmon polariton wave (golden surface wave) on an atomically thin graphene layer (hexagonal ball and stick model). | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2025_3.txt | groundtruth | 2025_3.txt | The nanomasking method enables fabrication of hollow nanoparticles with dual-scale porosity on the shell, which efficiently encapsulate macromolecular cargos such as immunogenic non-human enzymes filled through mesopores into a hollow interior, shielding them from antibodies and proteases once the mesopores are sea... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2014_7.txt | vitg | 2014_7.txt | This cover shows a three-dimensionally rendered ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope image of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) molecular chains on an epitaxial graphene surface. PCDA is used as a template for growing sub-10 nm oxide nanostructures on graphene via atomic layer deposition. Justice M. P. Alab... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2013_1.txt | clip | 2013_1.txt | train |
The Journal of Organic Chemistry | 2025_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/The Journal of Organic Chemistry/2025_1.png | A | Ruthenium-catalyzed novel (Z)-3-ferrocenylideneisobenzofuran-1(3H)-one compounds were synthesized by the ortho-CH activation of benzoic acid and ferrocenyl styrene in the presence of green solvent water. Exploring the transformation of benzoic acid and styrene into crude products leads to transformation into bioactive ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Organic Chemistry/2025_1.txt | groundtruth | 2025_1.txt | Advances in industrial organic synthesis are essential for the successful commercialization of novel, efficient, and reliable chemical processes. Through application of new technologies and collaboration across disciplines, as noted on the cover of this joint Special Issue from JOC and OPR&D, organic chemists are accel... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Organic Chemistry/2022_21.txt | clip | 2022_21.txt | The cover art shows carboxylic acid functionalization using sulfoxonium ylide as a carbene source in the presence of [VO(acac)2]. The cover art was created by Fathima Koothradan and Chinnappan Sivasankar. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Organic Chemistry/2022_9.txt | ave_1 | 2022_9.txt | With prosperous development over the past decade, visible-light photoredox catalysis has emerged as a powerful strategy for organic chemistry. This approach offers the advantage of activating and transforming organic substrates with broad functional group tolerance under mild reaction conditions. With this latest JOC S... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Organic Chemistry/2023_15.txt | vitg | 2023_15.txt | train |
Med | 5_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Med/5_1.png | C | On the cover: This issue of Med explores the applications of CAR T cell therapies beyond hematologic malignancies,
including solid tumors and autoimmune diseases. A Q&A with Fabian Müller (University Hospital Erlangen) covers the latest developments in the field. A Review
from Liu et al. discusses emerging combination ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Med/5_7.txt | vitg | 5_7.txt | On the Cover: The events of 2020 have highlighted the existing health disparities
among people of different races and ethnicities throughout the world and the urgent
need for equitable access to healthcare solutions. The January 2021 issue of Med explores the complex relationships between diversity, race and health. Co... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Med/2_12.txt | vith | 2_12.txt | On the cover: Prostate cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease, making prognosis
and treatment challenging. Interlesional response heterogeneity (ILRH) poses challenges
to the abiraterone treatment of prostate cancer. This variability in drug response
can be likened to musical notes on a staff. Pan et al. used PET/CT ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Med/5_1.txt | groundtruth | 5_1.txt | On the cover: Chemotherapies are currently dosed based on a patient's height and weight,
using an equation from 1916 to estimate their body surface area. This method leads
to variability in pharmacokinetics, potentially causing increased toxicities and decreased
efficacy. Personalized dosing could improve the patient's... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Med/5_6.txt | clip | 5_6.txt | val |
Journal of Chemical Education | 2021_6 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Journal of Chemical Education/2021_6.png | C | Synthesis of a Photoluminescent and Triboluminescent Copper(I) Compound: An Experiment for an Advanced Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory” (DOI: 10.1021/ed2001494), Fabio Marchetti, Corrado Di Nicola, Riccardo Pettinari, Ivan Timokhin, and Claudio Pettinari describe a simple synthesis of a copper(I) derivative from inexpen... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Chemical Education/2012_8.txt | clip | 2012_8.txt | DOI: 10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00546), Yu-Chun Chiu, Matthew A. Jenks, Michelle Richards-Babb, Betsy B. Ratcliff, John A. Juvik, and Kang-Mo Ku discuss an inexpensive and engaging laboratory-based activity to help students learn about the scientific method as well as the role of plant epicuticular waxes and surfactant func... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Chemical Education/2017_11.txt | vitg | 2017_11.txt | Vivid illustrations of phase phenomena can be achieved in the classroom or laboratory using simple mixtures of liquids. In this issue, J. Charles Williamson presents three papers on liquid–liquid demonstrations that reveal different facets of phase transitions and equilibria. "Phase Equilibria and the Lever Rule" (DOI:... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Chemical Education/2021_6.txt | groundtruth | 2021_6.txt | In "Synthesizing Substituted 2-Amino-2-chromenes Catalyzed by Tertiaryamine-Functionalized Polyacrylonitrile Fiber for Students To Investigate Multicomponent Reactions and Heterogeneous Catalysis" ( | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Chemical Education/2016_1.txt | ave_1 | 2016_1.txt | train |
Trends in Cancer | 10_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Cancer/10_8.png | B | We invite readers to explore the newest addition to the Trends collection Trends in Cancer, which aims to cover a range of topics in cancer research including the latest developments
in basic, translational and clinical sciences, pharma R&D, technology, ethics, and
policy. The inaugural issue of Trends in Cancer tackle... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/1_4.txt | vitg | 1_4.txt | Ferroptotic therapy represents a promising approach in cancer treatment
by exploiting nonapoptotic cell death, characterized by iron accumulation and
uncontrolled lipid peroxidation, to target cancer cells. However, its use has potential
adverse effects as well as context-dependent effects on anticancer immunity that
r... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/10_8.txt | groundtruth | 10_8.txt | This Special Issue on Physical Sciences in Oncology celebrates recent advances and new scientific frontiers in a rising field that is
bringing back the application of physical principles to biology, and fostering a wide-angle
cross-disciplinary perspective on cancer. Cover design by Imdat As. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/4_10.txt | vith | 4_10.txt | Metronomic therapy has been seen for long as the continuous administration of low
doses of chemotherapy multi-targeting the tumor microenvironment. On pages 319–325
in this issue, André et al. challenge this conventional notion and discuss the clinical
implications of direct cancer-cell toxicity effects. Cover image by... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/3_8.txt | clip | 3_8.txt | train |
Molecular Pharmaceutics | 2025_3 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2025_3.png | B | Molecular interactions impact physicochemical and dissolution attributes of pharmaceutical ingredients in amorphous solid dispersions. Structural elucidation aims to unveil mechanistic roles but often reveals challenges from the multicomponent and disordered nature of drug products. Atomic-level structural restraints a... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2020_6.txt | vitg | 2020_6.txt | Fluorescence microscopy reveals core/shell microparticle structures formed using a three-fluid nozzle spray-drying process. Alginate-based microparticles exhibit distinct layers of green (FITC) fluorescence in the core and red (rhodamine B) fluorescence in the shell, highlighting effective encapsulation of Polymyxin B ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2025_3.txt | groundtruth | 2025_3.txt | The cover art symbolizes the importance of the prediction and control of the solid form in pharmaceutical solid state chemistry, a subject explored within this Virtual Special Issue (VSI) titled “Crystallizing the Role of Solid-State Form in Drug Delivery.” This VSI is jointly produced by Molecular Pharmaceutics and Cr... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2022_5.txt | vith | 2022_5.txt | The cover art demonstrates the key finding from a study titled “Stabilizing Mechanisms of β-Lactoglobulin in Amorphous Solid Dispersions of Indomethacin”. β-Lactoglobulin-based amorphous solid dispersions of indomethacin are substantially stable even at 50– | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2022_2.txt | clip | 2022_2.txt | val |
Crystal Growth & Design | 2024_15 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Crystal Growth & Design/2024_15.png | B | With the exploration of tyramine's role as a prolific coformer, this study delves into its extensive co-crystallization capabilities with diverse acids, analyzing crystal structures and electron density to uncover the key factors driving its versatility in multicomponent crystal formation. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2025_4.txt | vitg | 2025_4.txt | In crystalline solids, especially in rotaxanes, solvates are common as a result of intrinsic topologies. Our goal is to explore solvent roles in rotaxane crystallization using the supramolecular cluster methodology and tetralactam macrocycle-based rotaxanes. Understanding solvate formation is crucial for applying molec... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2024_15.txt | groundtruth | 2024_15.txt | The cover shows two conformers of resorcinol and a single crystal of resorcinol polymorphs α grown in a high-pressure diamond-anvil cell. Resorcinol polymorphs were determined in the 1930s, but their metastable phases, symmetry, and densities have remained puzzling. The high-pressure structures reveal the mechanism des... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2019_3.txt | clip | 2019_3.txt | An Fmoc-CF hydrogel incorporated inside a lysozyme crystal is able to protect the enzyme molecules from the radicals generated by X-rays during data collection avoiding local radiation damage (Cryst. Growth Des. 2019, 19, 4229–4233). | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2019_5.txt | vith | 2019_5.txt | train |
Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering | 1_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering/1_5.png | B | Hardware-aware neural architecture search is a useful tool to design efficient in-memory computing hardware for deep-learning accelerators. The cover image highlights a successful combination. SeeKrestinskaya et al.
Cover design: Sam Whitham | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering/1_7.txt | clip | 1_7.txt | Graph neural networks (GNNs) hold potential for harnessing data power to tackle application challenges in electrical engineering, physics, material science and biology. The cover image shows the analogy between GNNs and mazes. See Li et al.
Cover design: Sam Whitham | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering/1_5.txt | groundtruth | 1_5.txt | Neuromorphic computers require both volatile and non-volatile memristors, along with a distinct property known as the ‘edge of chaos’. The cover shows the inventor of memristors, Leon O. Chua, and his nonlinear circuit theory. See Chua.
Cover design: Sam Whitham. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering/1_4.txt | ave_3 | 1_4.txt | In alignment with UN Sustainable Development Goal 9, it is crucial to develop advanced spintronic technologies for low-power, beyond-CMOS devices. In this Focus Issue, we discuss the challenges and potential solutions in spintronics for neuromorphic computing, STT-MRAM, and logic applications. We also highlight the imp... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Electrical Engineering/1_2.txt | vith | 1_2.txt | train |
ACS Applied Optical Materials | 2024_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Applied Optical Materials/2024_8.png | C | The ACS AMI Family “2024 Early Career Forum” highlights groundbreaking research and innovative ideas from the emerging authors in the scientific community on a broad range of topics. This edition of the Forum showcases 135 exceptional contributions from early-career scientists worldwide, published across ACS Applied Ma... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Optical Materials/2024_1.txt | vitg | 2024_1.txt | A novel inorganic–organic framework composed of layered clay nanosheets bridged by a pillar-shaped multicationic double-decker porphyrin metal complex having long alkyl sidechains was synthesized through a cation exchange reaction and applied for an efficient adsorbent for various anionic organic dyes. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Optical Materials/2024_10.txt | ave_0 | 2024_10.txt | Designing ternary nanocomposites consisting of ZnO@MoS2 core-shell heterostructures and conducting polymer polyaniline results in the generation of multiple excitons. These novel materials exhibit great saturable absorption behavior, which can be further implemented in nonlinear photonic devices. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Optical Materials/2024_8.txt | groundtruth | 2024_8.txt | Computer simulations highlight the potential of Cu3BiS3-based solar cells with optimized buffer layers and transparent conductive oxides, providing insights for the development of non-toxic, cost-effective, and high-performance photovoltaics. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Optical Materials/2025_1.txt | clip | 2025_1.txt | train |
ACS Sensors | 2024_9 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Sensors/2024_9.png | A | The oxygen-terminated nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond microsensor exhibits high-antifouling properties against protein adsorption and exceptional electrochemical activities, allowing for in vivo monitoring of dopamine dynamics in rat brains and presenting a potential solution for the design of next-generation antif... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Sensors/2024_9.txt | groundtruth | 2024_9.txt | The cover illustration depicts a wearable microsensor array for simultaneous multiplexed monitoring of heavy metals in human body fluids. Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, and Hg ions are chosen as target analytes for detection via electrochemical stripping voltammetry on Au and Bi microelectrodes. Real-time on-body evaluation of heavy ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Sensors/2016_6.txt | ave_2 | 2016_6.txt | This cover and Collection celebrate 10 years of ACS Sensors. View the Editorial. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Sensors/2025_1.txt | clip | 2025_1.txt | The cover image shows a DMA gas sensor detecting Parkinson's biomarkers, with red MXene nanosheets and yellow Ce ions on the sensor surface. Bubbles represent high humidity, while colored particles depict Ce ion valence states, illustrating enhanced sensitivity and humidity resistance due to the MXene/CeO2 heterojuncti... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Sensors/2024_1.txt | ave_1 | 2024_1.txt | train |
Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access | 2024_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access/2024_8.png | D | The cover design is inspired by the fluorogenic reaction and click reaction. As depicted in the image, nonluminous planets interact with each other to generate new small planets that emit intense fluorescent light, enabling diverse research applications. View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access/2023_3.txt | clip | 2023_3.txt | A universal, rapid and large-scale synthesis strategy for chiral fluorescent | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access/2024_1.txt | vitg | 2024_1.txt | molecular fingerprint | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access/2024_3.txt | ave_1 | 2024_3.txt | The cover depicts the tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy characterization of thin-film FeO/Au(100). A laser is confined to the tip-sample junction with the silver tip extremely close to the FeO, which induces the enhanced Raman signal. This research unveils a gateway to the chemical probing of thin-film oxide materials at... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Chemical & Biomedical ImagingOpen Access/2024_8.txt | groundtruth | 2024_8.txt | test |
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS | 25_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS/25_11.png | A | Inspired by the Review on p83.
Cover design: Patrick Morgan. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS/25_11.txt | groundtruth | 25_11.txt | 'Underpinnings' by Patrick Morgan, inspired by the Review on p247. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS/15_9.txt | vith | 15_9.txt | Cover by Patrick Morgan. Inspired by the Review on p208. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS/19_9.txt | ave_0 | 19_9.txt | Cover by Patrick Morgan. Original image sources: DNA - PhotoDisc/Getty; Stethoscope/keyboard - iStockphoto/Getty. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS/19_12.txt | clip | 19_12.txt | val |
Lab Animal | 53_3 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Lab Animal/53_3.png | D | Pigs got rhythm
Pigs and humans share a vast range of characteristics, including heart anatomy, cardiac electrophysiological properties and hemodynamics, which make pigs a well suited model to study cardiovascular diseases. In a new protocol, Schüttler, Tomsits, Bleyer et al. provide a practical guide to set up pig mod... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Lab Animal/51_10.txt | vitg | 51_10.txt | Pig models in pain research
Chronic pain, which affects the lives of approximately 20% of the population, is a public health problem and priority. Although small animal models have greatly contributed to our understanding of pain mechanisms, research in rodents has often failed to deliver novel effective treatments. La... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Lab Animal/50_1.txt | vith | 50_1.txt | The pig takes on cancer
The pig is poised to take its place in the preclinical pipeline as a large animal option for cancer research. With anatomical, physiological, and genetic similarities to humans, the pig could soon be a big help in bridging the gap between mouse and man.
See Neff
Image: Dish: TEK IMAGE/SCIENCE PH... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Lab Animal/48_9.txt | clip | 48_9.txt | New method to extend the survival of SCID pigs
Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) pigs do not live long enough to reproduce naturally. Monarch et al. show that reconstituting the immune system of SCID piglets with fetal bone allografts extends their lifespan, allowing them to reach puberty. This new method may imp... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Lab Animal/53_3.txt | groundtruth | 53_3.txt | train |
Nature Mental Health | 2_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Mental Health/2_4.png | C | Countries and culture — mental health in context
Our August issue cover highlights how crucial our connections with countries and culture are and how they can meaningfully shape our mental health. In a sense, they are influences imprinted on brains and minds. From ancient philosophers and theologians to modern mental h... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Mental Health/2_5.txt | vith | 2_5.txt | Machine learning in mental health research
The capabilities of machine learning, and artificial intelligence more broadly, have captured our collective imagination. A discipline that once seemed more like science fiction, machine learning is now being harnessed and applied to many fields, including psychiatry and menta... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Mental Health/3_1.txt | vitg | 3_1.txt | Translational science in mental health research
In our September issue, we publish new work and commentary that feature translational science. As a nod to the translational role that bridges work from animal models to clinical research, the cover displays the profiles of a mouse and a human head in a contiguous line dr... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Mental Health/2_4.txt | groundtruth | 2_4.txt | Light exposure and mental health
The November issue’s cover references a study published this month by Burns et al. detailing patterns of increased night-time light exposure associated with greater risk and increased daytime light exposure associated with decreased risk of psychiatric disorders and self-harm. The autho... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Mental Health/1_2.txt | clip | 1_2.txt | train |
Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2024_32 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2024_32.png | D | A long polypeptide chain, exceeding 700 amino acids, is propelled through a protein nanopore. Phosphorylation-specific binders, when bound to the translocating peptide, create unique signatures that enable the detection of phosphoserine sites over 250 residues apart within a single chain. [Cover by | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2024_17.txt | clip | 2024_17.txt | A molecular construct designed to release active drugs on two cancer environment triggers could bring new therapy options to solid tumors with intratumoral heterogeneity. See Sessler, Chi, Kim, and co-workers, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b07171. View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2019_13.txt | vith | 2019_13.txt | The cover represents an artistic view of the dynamic equilibrium in which conjugated porphyrin dimers (endowed with suitable crown ethers) associate with two fullerene-based guest molecules (bearing ammonium salts) by means of supramolecular forces involving complementary ammonium-crown ether interactions and π−π inter... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2016_5.txt | ave_2 | 2016_5.txt | An enzyme-cored spherical nucleic acid nanoplatform (CAT-ecSNA-Cu) used to deliver copper ions for cuproptosis was obtained based on enzyme–nucleic acid coupling and rolling circle amplification techniques. This strategy of enhancing cuproptosis-mediated anti-tumor immune responses by alleviating hypoxia promotes the a... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2024_32.txt | groundtruth | 2024_32.txt | train |
Nano Letters | 2025_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Nano Letters/2025_2.png | C | The nanomasking method enables fabrication of hollow nanoparticles with dual-scale porosity on the shell, which efficiently encapsulate macromolecular cargos such as immunogenic non-human enzymes filled through mesopores into a hollow interior, shielding them from antibodies and proteases once the mesopores are sea... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2014_7.txt | clip | 2014_7.txt | This cover shows a three-dimensionally rendered ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope image of 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) molecular chains on an epitaxial graphene surface. PCDA is used as a template for growing sub-10 nm oxide nanostructures on graphene via atomic layer deposition. Justice M. P. Alab... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2013_1.txt | ave_2 | 2013_1.txt | Tuning the mechanobiology of cells can enhance the interaction between nanoparticles and the cell membrane. As a key regulator of cell mechanics, the inhibition of yes-associated protein (YAP) may be leveraged to optimize cell | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2025_2.txt | groundtruth | 2025_2.txt | In situ liquid-cell transmission electron microscopy electrodeposition of PtNi nanoparticle films on a carbon electrode during cyclic voltammetry. The film thickness increases with each cycle, and by the fourth cycle, the reaction rate limited growth of branched and porous structures was observed. Cover designed by Wer... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Nano Letters/2024_12.txt | ave_1 | 2024_12.txt | train |
Cell Reports Physical Science | 6_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cell Reports Physical Science/6_2.png | B | On the cover: This month's issue of Cell Reports Physical Science features a special focus on aggregation induced emission. This collection of papers,
published alongside the rest of our great research articles and curated in collaboration
with Ben Zhong Tang and Dong Wang, brings together exciting fundamental and appl... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/3_11.txt | ave_2 | 3_11.txt | On the cover: A visual celebration of Cell Reports Physical Science’s fifth anniversary, featuring all of our covers from Volume 1, Issue 1 to December
2024’s Volume 5, Issue 12. We’d like to thank Cell Press’s own Philip Krzeminski for
his help in creating this beautiful cover. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/6_2.txt | groundtruth | 6_2.txt | On the Cover: We celebrate our first issue with this eye-catching cover, designed
by the Cell Press creative team, representing our first “drop” of papers and signifying
the birth of a new journal and our expansion into the fundamental and applied physical
sciences. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/1_12.txt | ave_3 | 1_12.txt | On the cover: A visual celebration of Cell Reports Physical Science’s fifth anniversary, featuring all of our covers from Volume 1, Issue 1 to December
2024’s Volume 5, Issue 12. We’d like to thank Cell Press’s own Philip Krzeminski for
his help in creating this beautiful cover. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Physical Science/6_1.txt | clip | 6_1.txt | train |
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER | 24_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE REVIEWS CANCER/24_5.png | B | 'Splicing things up in cancer' by Lara Crow, inspired by the Review on p413. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS CANCER/16_6.txt | vitg | 16_6.txt | The road less travelled, inspired by the Roadmap on p578.
Cover design: Lara Crow | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS CANCER/24_5.txt | groundtruth | 24_5.txt | Fields colliding, inspired by the Perspective on p157.
Cover design: Lara Crow. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS CANCER/22_10.txt | vith | 22_10.txt | Reflecting on 20 years, inspired by this month’s issue.
Cover design: Lara Crow. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS CANCER/21_3.txt | clip | 21_3.txt | train |
Nature Synthesis | 3_6 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Synthesis/3_6.png | B | Carbon nanobelts with a twist
Fully-fused Möbius carbon nanobelts are synthesized using a bottom-up approach in which the aromatic carbon chain is formed by sequential Wittig reactions. This synthesis may pave the way for the development of nanocarbon materials with complex topological structures.
See Segawa et al.
Ima... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Synthesis/1_6.txt | vith | 1_6.txt | Electroreduction of CO2 for C–X bond formation
Electrochemical cross-coupling is a possible sustainable synthetic route for important chemicals containing carbon–heteroatom bonds. This Review outlines different coupling strategies and discusses how the topic is approached from the perspectives of theoretical modelling,... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Synthesis/3_6.txt | groundtruth | 3_6.txt | Green ammonia synthesis
Ammonia synthesis via the Haber–Bosch reaction produces approximately 1% of the world’s CO2 emissions, leading to intensive research to find more sustainable routes. This Focus issue overviews recent progress and challenges in green ammonia synthesis, looking at catalyst synthesis, resource allo... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Synthesis/2_6.txt | clip | 2_6.txt | Functionalization by transfer
Functionalization of C(sp 3)–H bonds via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), which is typically photo- or electrochemically induced, is a key transformation in the synthesis of complex molecules. This Focus issue overviews technological, catalytic and method-based innovations that have enabled t... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Synthesis/2_10.txt | vitg | 2_10.txt | train |
Nature Chemical Biology | 20_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Chemical Biology/20_1.png | C | Ring of death
Cells undergoing ferroptosis, an oxidative form of cell death, exhibit an accumulation of oxidized lipids at the plasma membrane. The cover image depicts a dying HT-1080 cell with lipids visualized as a glowing green ‘ring of death’ using a lipid reactive oxygen species probe.
See Dixon et al. and Birsoy ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/17_7.txt | vith | 17_7.txt | 20 years of Nature Chemical Biology
This month, Nature Chemical Biology celebrates 20 years with a selection of pieces that highlight some landmarks in chemical biology, examine current challenges and outline future directions. The cover image depicts a gel as a representation of the foundational techniques that underp... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/21_2.txt | vitg | 21_2.txt | A mark for degradation
Seabrook et al. developed MrTAC, a targeted protein degradation modality using arginine methylation to shuttle intracellular proteins to lysosomes for rapid degradation. The cover shows a confocal microscopy image of methylated proteins (gold) in HeLa cells organizing into cytosolic puncta with a... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/20_1.txt | groundtruth | 20_1.txt | The cover depicts an acidic patch of ubiquitin (purple) on a chromatin fiber (gray structure) displayed on a background showing cross-peaks from hydrogen-deuterium exchange nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The image is based on PDB 1UBQ and EMD 2600 visualized with the program Chimera. Cover design by Erin Dewalt, ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/13_12.txt | clip | 13_12.txt | test |
Bioconjugate Chemistry | 2024_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Bioconjugate Chemistry/2024_11.png | C | The cover art shows an artistic rendition of the selective immobilization of quantum dot–peptide conjugates for single-particle fluorescence imaging via the use of tetrameric antibody complexes and a dextran-functionalized surface. This approach has numerous advantages and potential applications in biophysical and phot... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Bioconjugate Chemistry/2023_6.txt | vith | 2023_6.txt | In this Topical Review, the authors suggest new biocompatible chemical ligation tools for kinetic target-guided synthesis of biologically active compounds, based on a retrospective analysis of reaction rates of reported ligations. The protein structures were obtained from RSCB PDB (PDB ID: 5YGM). | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Bioconjugate Chemistry/2021_12.txt | vitg | 2021_12.txt | N-Terminal site-specific biotin and digoxigenin (DIG) conjugated reagents are applied to the clinical anti-drug antibody (ADA) assay development for a VHH antibody using the bridging ELISA format. The site-specific conjugates demonstrated superior purity and homogeneity compared to conventional conjugates and can poten... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Bioconjugate Chemistry/2024_11.txt | groundtruth | 2024_11.txt | The cover picture shows graphical artwork of a chimeric molecule peptide-conjugated PMO (PPMO), which consists of a helix-stabilized cell-penetrating peptide and an antisense PMO, in efficient cellular uptake and antisense activity. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Bioconjugate Chemistry/2022_6.txt | clip | 2022_6.txt | train |
Molecular Therapy | 32_14 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Molecular Therapy/32_14.png | A | On the cover: Scanning electron micrograph of the sound mechano-sensitive hair bundle, a key target
for Clarin-2-mediated therapeutics to preserve audition. Mendia and colleagues demonstrate successful maintenance of hearing through AAV gene delivery to the inner
ear. Image credit: Sandrine Vitry and Jean-Marc Panaud. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Therapy/32_14.txt | groundtruth | 32_14.txt | On the Cover: This issue of Molecular Therapy is the first of its 20th year of publication. The field of gene and cell therapy has changed significantly
during these two decades: the science has led to real therapies that are now beginning
to impact patients. Many issues remain to be solved, however, if these promising... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Therapy/27_14.txt | clip | 27_14.txt | On the Cover: The image is an artistic presentation of the PeptiENV platform described in Ylösmäki
et al., pp. 2315–2325. The metallic grey/blue-ish particles represent an enveloped
virus and the white, green, and purple “string of beads” represents the attached therapeutic
peptides. This is a very simple yet effective... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Therapy/26_4.txt | ave_3 | 26_4.txt | On the Cover: This special issue of Molecular Therapy is devoted to the topic of nanoparticle development for gene and cell therapies,
edited by invited guest editors S. Moein Moghimi and Ernst Wagner. The cover represents
an artistic view of receptor-mediated endocytosis of a ligand-decorated synthetic
nanoparticle in... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Molecular Therapy/25_6.txt | vitg | 25_6.txt | val |
Nature Reviews Neurology | 20_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_1.png | B | AI and epilepsy, inspired by the Review on p319.
Cover design: Philip Patenall | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_7.txt | clip | 20_7.txt | The digital clinic, inspired by the Perspective on p738
Cover design: Amie Fernandez | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_1.txt | groundtruth | 20_1.txt | Advances in deep brain stimulation technology, inspired by the Review on p75
Cover design: Philip Patenall. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/17_11.txt | vith | 17_11.txt | Systemic support for the brain, inspired by the Review on p647.
Cover design: Amie Fernandez | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_2.txt | vitg | 20_2.txt | train |
Nature Water | 2_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Water/2_11.png | B | An all-water mission
Water observing and monitoring, both ground-based and space-based, are essential for understanding the water cycle and managing water resources. A recently launched space observatory, called the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite provides direct, high-resolution measurements of wat... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Water/3_1.txt | vitg | 3_1.txt | Open evapotranspiration data support water management
Annual evapotranspiration rates computed from OpenET for irrigated agricultural lands and wetland areas near the confluence of the Columbia and Snake rivers contrast with evapotranspiration from the surrounding shrubland and grassland ecosystems. OpenET uses satelli... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Water/2_11.txt | groundtruth | 2_11.txt | Linking water and ecosystems
Ecohydrology utilizes the knowledge of both ecological and hydrological processes across various scales. It focuses on the complex interactions between water and ecosystems: how water affects the ecological systems and how ecosystems, in turn, influence the water cycle and water quality. Re... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Water/2_10.txt | ave_1 | 2_10.txt | Cyanobacterial scum from a harmful algal bloom
Cyanobacterial toxins such as microcystin produced by these blooms threaten water resources around the globe. Regions with the highest risk for elevated microcystin concentrations are expected to shift to higher latitudes under global warming. The image on the cover shows ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Water/1_3.txt | clip | 1_3.txt | test |
ACS Applied Energy Materials | 2025_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Applied Energy Materials/2025_2.png | A | The cover art illustrates a porous carbon electrode integrated with a conductive, interconnected substrate. The heat dissipation within the porous structure represents efficient thermal management and electron transport, essential for high-performance energy-storage systems. The structured carbon layer facilitates ion ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Energy Materials/2025_2.txt | groundtruth | 2025_2.txt | The cover depicts highly conductive, off-stoichiometric ZrO2−x nanofiber materials with enhanced surface activities. ZrO2 has been rarely recognized as an electrode material owing to its exceptionally high bandgap as an insulator. By modifying the insulating ZrO2 to conductive ZrO2−x nanofibers, we could provide synerg... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Energy Materials/2019_8.txt | vith | 2019_8.txt | Cover art portrays the multifunctional membrane design comprising graphene (Gr) nanosheet and garnet solid-state electrolyte (SSE) that effectively suppresses the polysulfide shuttling effect and adeptly promotes the Li-ion diffusion in lithium–sulfur (Li–S) batteries. Due to the synergistic contributions of Gr and SSE... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Energy Materials/2018_5.txt | clip | 2018_5.txt | The strategically engineered N,O-codoped carbon spheres using molecularly designed polybenzoxazine particles are explored using a template-free colloidal technique. Evaluated in supercapacitor applications, the carbon material exhibits enhanced electrochemical performance, highlighting its potential for energy storage ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Energy Materials/2024_8.txt | vitg | 2024_8.txt | train |
Molecular Pharmaceutics | 2024_9 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2024_9.png | A | Liquid droplets (top left) generated from antibodies (red) and polyglutamate (green) were formulated into lipid nanoparticles (purple). Through this magic, the antibodies were effectively delivered into cells to bind target proteins in the cytosol (green). | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2024_9.txt | groundtruth | 2024_9.txt | Berberine chloride and four aliphatic dicarboxylic acids form novel cocrystals with higher melting point, improved dissolution, and lower hygroscopicity. The melting points and intrinsic dissolution rates of these cocrystals exhibit an | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2021_9.txt | clip | 2021_9.txt | γ | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2020_7.txt | vitg | 2020_7.txt | Highlighting the cutting-edge, multidisciplinary, translational research in pharmaceutical sciences originating from researchers across Asia, the American Chemical Society journal Molecular Pharmaceutics is pleased to present a Virtual Special Issue titled "Advances in Molecular Pharmaceutical Research from Asia." Wit... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Molecular Pharmaceutics/2023_5.txt | vith | 2023_5.txt | train |
ACS Applied Engineering Materials | 2024_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Applied Engineering Materials/2024_7.png | D | NH3 is considered an important chemical for producing plastics, fertilizers, nitric acid, explosives, and intermediates for pharmaceuticals. In this study, a Cu-rich bimetallic nanocomposite CuPt, on a nanofibrillar network of peptide bolaamphiphile hydrogel, is reported as a high-performance NO3RR electrocatalyst for ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Engineering Materials/2023_4.txt | ave_2 | 2023_4.txt | A mesoporous Ag2ZrO3/GO nanocomposite with a high surface area and abundant available active sides was used for photocatalytic environmental remediation. Molecular dynamics endorses the formation of an interphase between Ag2ZrO3 and GO. This dynamic and visually striking cover art captures (Ag2ZrO3/GO nanocomposite) th... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Engineering Materials/2024_5.txt | clip | 2024_5.txt | Electrochemical writing hydrogen bubbles on paper: Defect engineered MoS2 particles attached on conductive and porous pyrolyzed paper enables region-specific, tunable, and high-performance hydrogen evolution. View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Engineering Materials/2023_11.txt | ave_1 | 2023_11.txt | Stimuli-responsive luminescent soft materials are of concurrent interest owing to their tunable processability for encryption, sensing, and multimodal security application. Herein, the coordination driven soft gel with lanthanides and a blue-emitting organic linker acts as a trichromic emitter, exhibiting excellent col... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Applied Engineering Materials/2024_7.txt | groundtruth | 2024_7.txt | test |
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C | 2025_6 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/The Journal of Physical Chemistry C/2025_6.png | A | In this perspective, we discuss how one can correlate computational catalysis results with experimental techniques, such as calorimetry, temperature-programmed desorption, infrared spectroscopy, and XPS measurements. For example, configuration space mapping for the alloying of Ru into Fe(100) through a lattice gas mode... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Physical Chemistry C/2025_6.txt | groundtruth | 2025_6.txt | Virtual issue highlighting the science and publications in The Journal of Physical Chemistry (JPC) by scientists and researchers from India. View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Physical Chemistry C/2017_24.txt | vith | 2017_24.txt | Collage of cover art from recent issues of J. Phys. Chem. C. Background: Mechanistic Study of the Effect of Epoxy Groups on Ethylene Carbonate Decomposition Reaction on Carbon Anodes of Sodium-Ion Batteries (J. Phys. Chem. C 2021, 125 (15), 8031–8044. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c10702). Clockwise from top left: Type-I CdSe... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Physical Chemistry C/2022_51.txt | clip | 2022_51.txt | Collage of cover art from recent issues of J. Phys. Chem. C. Background: Role of Molecular Simulations in the Design of Metal–Organic Frameworks for Gas-Phase Thermocatalysis: A Perspective (J. Phys. Chem. C 2022, 126 (14), 6111–6118. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10778). Counter-clockwise from middle left: Molecularly Desig... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/The Journal of Physical Chemistry C/2023_4.txt | vitg | 2023_4.txt | val |
Nature Electronics | 7_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Electronics/7_11.png | B | Closing in on plant-based actuators
With the help of conformable electrodes, a Venus flytrap can be converted into an on-demand actuator that can be wirelessly controlled via a smartphone and has a power input of only 10−5 W. The cover shows a photograph of the conformable electrodes on the epidermis of open and closed... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Electronics/4_11.txt | clip | 4_11.txt | 3D resonators for spectral processors
Spectral processors for wireless communication can be created using acoustic resonators made from 3D silicon nano-fins with hafnia–zirconia ferroelectric gates wrapped around them. The scanning electron microscopy image on the cover shows an array of filters created by electrically... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Electronics/7_11.txt | groundtruth | 7_11.txt | Memristors in 3D
Eight layers of memristors can be monolithically integrated on a chip to create a three-dimensional circuit capable of implementing a convolutional neural network. The cover shows a false-colour scanning electron microscopy image of part of the memristor array.
See Lin et al.
Image: Peng Lin, Universit... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Electronics/3_9.txt | vith | 3_9.txt | Industrially manufactured qubits
Silicon quantum dots and spin qubits can be fabricated in a 300-mm semiconductor manufacturing facility using all-optical lithography and fully industrial processing. The photograph on the cover shows a section of a 300-mm wafer that contains 82 unit cells (die) and more than 10,000 qua... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Electronics/5_10.txt | vitg | 5_10.txt | test |
Cell Reports | 43_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cell Reports/43_2.png | B | On the cover: In this issue of Cell Reports, D'Eletto et al. report that TG2 interacts with GRP75, a protein localized in the
mitochondria-associated membranes (MAMs). TG2 regulates the number of ER/mitochondria
contact sites and Ca2+ flux, indicating a key regulatory role in the MAMs. These data suggest that TG2 plays... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports/25_1.txt | vitg | 25_1.txt | On the cover: Fat Cells in Full Bloom. In homage to Van Gogh's iconic Sunflowers,
Rosiflowers are depicted as mature fat cells with increased ribosomal protein expression
that drives their maturation from heterogeneous progenitor leaves and preadipocyte
buds in the adipose stromal vascular fraction. In this issue, De S... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports/43_2.txt | groundtruth | 43_2.txt | On the cover: The image depicts a finite element model of Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledon epidermis. The model simulates the turgor-driven deformation of the cell
wall and predicts the mechanics underlying the generation of wavy cell shapes from
simple geometries. The simulations predict that wave expansion is driven by... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports/28_9.txt | clip | 28_9.txt | On the cover: In this issue, Kong et al. demonstrate that mitochondrial-encoded MOTS-c
regulates T cell phenotype and function through TCR/mTORC1 to prevent autoimmune diabetes.
The cover art portrays the regulatory function of MOTS-c on nucleus-origin proteins.
Image by Byung Soo Kong. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports/36_10.txt | vith | 36_10.txt | train |
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry | 2025_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry/2025_5.png | B | Two novel α-glucosidase inhibitory peptides (FAPSW and MPGPP) from Ginkgo biloba seed cake were identified through molecular docking combined with molecular dynamics simulation. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry/2023_25.txt | clip | 2023_25.txt | Schiff-base-mediated egg white peptide supramolecular self-assembly could serve as robust curcumin carriers for significantly enhancing its transport in intestinal epithelial cells via endocytosis while inhibiting P-glycoprotein-mediated cellular efflux. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry/2025_5.txt | groundtruth | 2025_5.txt | The lotus-seed-resistant starch-promoted lactic acid conversion to butyric acid mainly by the (Butyryl-CoA:acetate) CoA transferase pathway in intestinal microbiota, especially including Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium, and Ralstonia, is presented. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry/2022_47.txt | vith | 2022_47.txt | of | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry/2023_7.txt | vitg | 2023_7.txt | train |
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research | 2024_49 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research/2024_49.png | A | This cover encourages individuals to overcome their implicit bias and explore the abundant opportunities in STEM. How would we know what we really want until we explore what’s out there? This cover is a part of the ACS-wide DEIR Cover Art program. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research/2024_49.txt | groundtruth | 2024_49.txt | This Special Issue of I&EC Research honors the contributions of Professor Joan F. Brennecke to the field of chemical engineering and environmental separation processes using ionic liquids and supercritical fluids. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research/2022_19.txt | vitg | 2022_19.txt | I&ECR celebrates the illustrious career of Prof. Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan! In honor of his groundbreaking research and dedication to engineering education, we present this virtual special issue dedicated to his achievements. From pioneering multiphase reaction engineering to advancing clean energy production and sustainab... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research/2024_39.txt | vith | 2024_39.txt | Graphics used on this cover have been selected from the following highlighted papers: Sarkar and Bhowmick, “Terpene-Based Sustainable Elastomers: Vulcanization and Reinforcement Characteristics” (DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b00163); Park et al., “Low Temperature Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Ethane by Ce-Modified NiNb Cataly... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research/2018_37.txt | clip | 2018_37.txt | train |
Nature Reviews Neurology | 20_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_4.png | A | Immune-related adverse effects of checkpoint inhibition, inspired by the Review on p509.
Cover design: Amie Fernandez | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/20_4.txt | groundtruth | 20_4.txt | Microglia in the tumour microenvironment, inspired by the Review on p243.
Cover design: Philip Patenall. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/17_9.txt | vitg | 17_9.txt | Mechanism-based drug development in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, inspired by the Review on p759.
Cover design: Philip Patenall. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/17_1.txt | vith | 17_1.txt | Adaptive and maladaptive myelination, inspired by the Review on p735.
Cover design: Philip Patenall. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Neurology/18_1.txt | clip | 18_1.txt | test |
Journal of the American Chemical Society | 2024_35 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2024_35.png | A | A lipid-modified poly(guanidine thioctic acid) polymer is developed as a fortifier for lipid nanoparticles with the capability to eliminate reactive oxygen species, greatly improving the translation efficiency and alleviating inflammation of mRNA vaccines. This formulation shows promising potential in the fabrication o... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2024_35.txt | groundtruth | 2024_35.txt | A liquid–solid hybrid catalyst derived from Pickering emulsions has been successfully developed for continuous-flow reactions, which provides a new way for bridging the conceptual and technical gaps between homogeneous, heterogeneous and biological catalysis. See Yang and co-workers, DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b11860. View the... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2019_39.txt | vitg | 2019_39.txt | Light promotes electrons in certain positions of a three-dimensional covalent organic framework into collective excited states. Cover art by Alfy Benny. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2022_16.txt | clip | 2022_16.txt | The cover represents an artistic view of the dynamic equilibrium in which conjugated porphyrin dimers (endowed with suitable crown ethers) associate with two fullerene-based guest molecules (bearing ammonium salts) by means of supramolecular forces involving complementary ammonium-crown ether interactions and π−π inter... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Journal of the American Chemical Society/2016_5.txt | vith | 2016_5.txt | train |
Nature Reviews Bioengineering | 2_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Bioengineering/2_7.png | A | High-throughput microfluidic 3D cell culture systems can be designed with different biological complexity, cell sources and cell configurations to model aspects of human tissues and organs. Such microfluidic systems can thereby serve as non-clinical testing tools for drug development. See Jihoon Ko et al.
Cover design:... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Bioengineering/2_7.txt | groundtruth | 2_7.txt | Single-cell RNA sequencing techniques and analysis methods can help improve our understanding of tissue injury responses and inform the design of new regenerative biomaterials and therapeutics. See Anna Ruta et al.
Cover image: Simon Bradbrook. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Bioengineering/2_11.txt | vitg | 2_11.txt | Welcome to the first issue of Nature Reviews Bioengineering, a new Nature Reviews journal covering all areas of bioengineering, with a particular focus on translation, inclusivity and accessibility. See Editorial
Cover design: Springer Nature Limited. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Bioengineering/1_12.txt | clip | 1_12.txt | Stem cell-based embryo models can recapitulate symmetry breaking, pattern formation and tissue morphogenesis during early development. To control and guide their in vivo-like cellular organization and architecture, bioengineering approaches can be applied, including biomaterials, additive manufacturing, microphysiologi... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Bioengineering/3_1.txt | vith | 3_1.txt | train |
CHEMICAL REVIEWS | 2025_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/CHEMICAL REVIEWS/2025_4.png | B | The cover highlights two kinds of metal-organic framework (MOF)-based single metal-site catalysts. Both the single metal sites within MOFs and the single metal atoms confined in carbons derived from MOFs can serve as effective | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/CHEMICAL REVIEWS/2020_4.txt | clip | 2020_4.txt | Electronic nanochips offer electric fields that are able to precisely modulate molecular activities from molecular movements and physical properties to chemical reactions and optoelectronic functions. The utilization of electric fields to manipulate molecular behaviors on the nanoscale is a new research field that can ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/CHEMICAL REVIEWS/2025_4.txt | groundtruth | 2025_4.txt | The cover art is an artistic rendition of α-helical proteins such as GPCRs as the major components, together with water molecules, long fibrous amyloids comprised by cross-α and cross-β structures, and high-order molecular assemblies to form waves and capsules. View the article. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/CHEMICAL REVIEWS/2022_7.txt | vitg | 2022_7.txt | The use of non-noble metals in catalysis is a frontier topic in chemistry. The cover depicts the most important 3d-metals that are currently used for the activation of small molecules and the sustainable production of chemicals through a large variety of catalytic transformations that are reviewed in this thematic issu... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/CHEMICAL REVIEWS/2019_21.txt | vith | 2019_21.txt | train |
NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY | 22_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY/22_5.png | C | Celebrating 20 years of Nature Reviews Microbiology.
Cover design: Neil Smith. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY/21_3.txt | clip | 21_3.txt | Bacterial biofilms, inspired by the Focus issue.
Cover design: Philip Patenall | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY/20_3.txt | vitg | 20_3.txt | Coral microbiomes in a changing world, inspired by the Review on p460
Cover design: Amie Fernandez | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY/22_5.txt | groundtruth | 22_5.txt | 'Growth, bacteria style' by Philip Patenall, inspired by the Focus articles in this issue. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS MICROBIOLOGY/14_4.txt | vith | 14_4.txt | test |
Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism | 35_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism/35_4.png | A | Selenium is an essential trace element associated with both beneficial
and detrimental health effects. This month, Schomburg and colleagues (pp. 781–792)
review the current evidence suggesting a sexual dimorphism in the relationship
between selenium and diabetes, as high blood concentrations of this element have
been a... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism/35_4.txt | groundtruth | 35_4.txt | This Special Issue of Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism focuses on a select list of GPCRs and their pivotal roles in a wide range of metabolic
processes, including glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion, appetite, calcium-sensing,
heart rate and blood pressure, sleep, to mention only a few. Our experts review t... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism/27_5.txt | ave_1 | 27_5.txt | This month we are celebrating Cell’s 50th anniversary by focusing on
the exciting metabolic research that Cell Press publishes across its titles. This
month’s
covers of Cell Metabolism, Cell and Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, when put side-by-side, form a single image, reflective of the variety of topics
on meta... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism/35_6.txt | clip | 35_6.txt | This Special Issue of Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism focuses on a select list of GPCRs and their pivotal roles in a wide range of metabolic
processes, including glucose homeostasis and insulin secretion, appetite, calcium-sensing,
heart rate and blood pressure, sleep, to mention only a few. Our experts review t... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism/27_4.txt | vitg | 27_4.txt | train |
Trends in Cell Biology | 34_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Cell Biology/34_2.png | A | Splicing kinetics are an important aspect of splicing and have a vital
role in shaping the resulting splice isoforms present in mature RNA. Merens and
colleagues review recent advancements in analyzing pre-mRNA splicing kinetics
and methodologies for measuring intron excision rates in vivo. Understanding these
kinetics... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cell Biology/34_2.txt | groundtruth | 34_2.txt | In recent years, the bottom-up approach of synthetic biologists has yielded new insight
into fundamental aspects of cell biology. In this special issue, co-guest edited by
Wendell A. Lim and Wallace F. Marshall (editorial on pages 611–612), we highlight
some of the exciting work that has sprung from this intersection b... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cell Biology/22_1.txt | clip | 22_1.txt | For 25 years Trends in Cell Biology has kept its readers up to date on the latest research advances by publishing timely,
forward-looking reviews in a concise and accessible manner. In honor of our 25th anniversary, this special issue is devoted to highlighting the ever changing and
expanding field of cell biology. The... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cell Biology/26_8.txt | vith | 26_8.txt | The paradigm shifts in our knowledge of the cell could only be realized with help
from technological advances. Therefore, we end our 25th anniversary with a special issue that highlights the technological innovations that
will enable the future of cell biology research. We dedicate this cover to the recent
passing of R... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cell Biology/26_3.txt | vitg | 26_3.txt | train |
Science | 387_6730 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Science/Cover/Science/387_6730.png | A | COVERAn eastern gray kangaroo (Macropus giganteus) grazes in Yuraygir National Park, New South Wales, Australia. It has long been thought that short-faced kangaroos became extinct in the late Pleistocene because they were specialist browsers, in contrast to long-faced grazing kangaroos, which still thrive today. Howeve... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science/387_6730.txt | groundtruth | 387_6730.txt | COVER In early 2020, governments worldwide introduced lockdowns to curb the spread of COVID-19. These lockdowns severely altered human mobility, with many people confined to their homes. In response, animals such as the coyote (Canis latrans) traveled longer distances and occurred closer to roads. These changes suggest... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science/380_6649.txt | vith | 380_6649.txt | COVER Science, like the rest of society, has been swept up in the storms caused by social media. This special news section looks at how scientists study and fight mis- and disinformation, how harassment and intimidation have spiked during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how researchers use Twitter to inform the public and s... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science/375_6587.txt | clip | 375_6587.txt | COVER Whiskers at the snout are instrumental for the rat to explore the external world. During development, sensory information provided by the whiskers is critical for the formation of their representation in the brain. Minlebaev et al. show how this process is controlled by gamma oscillations in developing neuronal n... | MAC_Bench/Science/Story/Science/334_6053.txt | vitg | 334_6053.txt | train |
Trendsin Neurosciences | 47_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trendsin Neurosciences/47_1.png | D | The retrosplenial cortex contains neurons such as head direction cells and border
cells. It supports diverse functions such as head direction, boundary and landmark
encoding, as well as position representation, all of which serve as a basis for navigation.
In this issue of Trends in Neurosciences, Martin Stacho and Den... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trendsin Neurosciences/45_9.txt | vitg | 45_9.txt | Retinal ganglion cells, the output neurons of the vertebrate retina, encode the visual
signals that fall onto their receptive fields in trains of action potentials. In this
issue of Trends in Neurosciences, Sören J. Zapp, Steffen Nitsche, and Tim Gollisch discuss how the substructure of
a cell’s receptive field—its non... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trendsin Neurosciences/45_7.txt | vith | 45_7.txt | Although the corpus callosum is the largest fiber tract in the mammalian brain, the
mechanisms underlying its development remain poorly understood. The final steps of
callosal wiring, contralateral targeting, are perhaps the least studied, despite their
importance in formation of correct and functional circuits. On pag... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trendsin Neurosciences/38_9.txt | clip | 38_9.txt | Retinal ganglion cells and their neural and glial partners are essential
for integrating light-induced signals from the eye and transmitting them to various
brain regions. This information drives vision as well as non-visual brain functions
regulated by light, such as circadian photoentrainment, sleep modulation, alert... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trendsin Neurosciences/47_1.txt | groundtruth | 47_1.txt | train |
NATURE METHODS | 21_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE METHODS/21_8.png | A | Focus on methods for immunology
A scanning electron microscope image captures the dynamic interplay between a CD19-hexapod biomimetic antigen-presenting structure and an anti-CD19 CAR-T cell.
See Huang et al.
Image: Bozhi Tian, University of Chicago. Cover design: Thomas Phillips | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE METHODS/21_8.txt | groundtruth | 21_8.txt | Induced pluripotency is beginning to show its mettle as a powerful tool for biological discovery and is Nature Methods' pick for Method of the Year 2009. Cover design by Erin Dewalt. Special feature starts on p17. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE METHODS/7_12.txt | vith | 7_12.txt | The cover celebrates ten years of Nature Methods. Design by Erin Dewalt, based on images of the number '10' generated by multiple methods, contributed by Yonggang Ke (Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University); Kristina Woodruff and Sebastian Maerkl (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne); Akira Takai, Ya... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE METHODS/11_3.txt | ave_3 | 11_3.txt | 20 years of Nature Methods
This month, Nature Methods celebrates its 20th anniversary with a special feature.
See Editorial
Image: Thomas Phillips, Springer Nature. Cover design: Thomas Phillips | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE METHODS/21_3.txt | clip | 21_3.txt | val |
Nature Chemical Biology | 20_6 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Chemical Biology/20_6.png | C | 20 years of Nature Chemical Biology
This month, Nature Chemical Biology celebrates 20 years with a selection of pieces that highlight some landmarks in chemical biology, examine current challenges and outline future directions. The cover image depicts a gel as a representation of the foundational techniques that underp... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/21_2.txt | vitg | 21_2.txt | The cover depicts structures of dynamic and native conformational exchanger (DANCER) proteins, which were computationally designed to switch between predicted conformational states. DANCERs are based on the global fold of streptococcal protein Gβ1 and contain an engineered Trp43 residue that spontaneously exchanges bet... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/13_1.txt | ave_1 | 13_1.txt | Tuning Cas kinetics for one-pot testing
Tong et al. found that the cleavage kinetics of Cas effectors need to be precisely tuned to maximize their sensitivity in one-pot nucleic acid detection. The image exemplifies the synchronized interplay between substrate amplification and cleavage by Cas effectors.
See Tong et al... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/20_6.txt | groundtruth | 20_6.txt | The cover depicts an acidic patch of ubiquitin (purple) on a chromatin fiber (gray structure) displayed on a background showing cross-peaks from hydrogen-deuterium exchange nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. The image is based on PDB 1UBQ and EMD 2600 visualized with the program Chimera. Cover design by Erin Dewalt, ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Chemical Biology/13_12.txt | clip | 13_12.txt | train |
Nature Catalysis | 7_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Catalysis/7_5.png | A | Deracemization by electrical energy
Accessing optically pure compounds by deracemization is usually accomplished by chemical, photo- or mechanical energy. In their work, the authors present an electrocatalytic deracemization method for secondary alcohols by immobilizing a Rh catalyst on the cathode, which prioritizes i... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Catalysis/7_5.txt | groundtruth | 7_5.txt | Dispersion control
In their work, L. Robert Baker and colleagues investigate the effects of molecular dispersion of a heterogenized cobalt phthalocyanine on the rate and product selectivity in electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
See Zhu et al.
Image: Elad Gross and Hadar Shema, Hebrew University, Jerusalem. Cover design: A... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Catalysis/7_4.txt | clip | 7_4.txt | Two catalysts in synergy
The cover highlights a one-pot process whereby a molecular photocatalyst is used for the generation of C(sp 3) radicals from substrates functionalized as N-hydroxyphthalimide esters and an iron-metalloenzyme performs azidation of such radicals in an enantioselective fashion.
See Rui et al.
Cove... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Catalysis/7_1.txt | ave_2 | 7_1.txt | Plasmonic hydrodefluorination
Photocatalysis with plasmonic metal nanostructures is an enabling technology for more sustainable chemical transformations. This cover illustration depicts plasmonic hydrodefluorination based on aluminium nanocrystal-supported palladium islands for the effective activation of unsaturated c... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Catalysis/3_6.txt | vitg | 3_6.txt | train |
Trends in Biotechnology | 42_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Biotechnology/42_2.png | A | In pages 1523–1532 of this issue, Yuan and colleagues present a 3D,
spatially resolved model of breast cancer that highlights locally differentiated responses
to chemotherapy. The cover image blends traditional Chinese elements with modern
3D printing technology. The red and green nozzles are used to print the cancer c... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Biotechnology/42_2.txt | groundtruth | 42_2.txt | Bioprinting is a powerful tool which enables 3D printing of structurally and functionally
biomimetic tissues. In pages 504–513 of this issue, Knowlton and Onal, et al. review the recent advances in bioprinting that show promise for creating cancer
models that mimic the tumor microenvironment in 3D, helping to further u... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Biotechnology/33_4.txt | clip | 33_4.txt | On pages 10–19, SavasTasoglu and Utkan Demirci review recent achievements with bioprinting
technologies in stem cell research. Bioprinting technologies can be used to create
spatially defined gradients of immobilized proteins that direct stem cell differentiation.
The cover image shows the process of bioprinting where ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Biotechnology/31_13.txt | vitg | 31_13.txt | Trends in Biotechnology is celebrating its 30th year of publishing exciting reviews
in biotechnology. The coverimage shows microbes taking advantage of the occasion.
Cover image made by Julien Husson and coverdesigned by Paige Shaklee. | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Biotechnology/31_11.txt | ave_3 | 31_11.txt | train |
ACS Central Science | 2024_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Central Science/2024_2.png | D | Via synergistic photoredox/Brønsted acid catalysis, a novel three-component radical cascade reaction occurred through a radical addition/ring-opening/PCET-promoted radical–radical coupling protocol, affording an array of valuable enantioenriched | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Central Science/2025_2.txt | vith | 2025_2.txt | Integration of explainable artificial intelligence (AI) with quantum tunneling technology enables the single-molecule identification of complex carbohydrate anomers and stereoisomers over a dynamic configuration space with accuracy as high as 100%. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Central Science/2024_4.txt | vitg | 2024_4.txt | as part of the journal's Diversity and Inclusion Cover Art Series. The piece represents the global and collaborative effort toward solving one of humanity’s most pressing issues: water scarcity. Each hand in the artwork represents a diverse scientist—reflecting the contributions of chemists from different geographic re... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Central Science/2024_1.txt | clip | 2024_1.txt | The C–H silylation of methyl groups in complex terpenoids unlocks diverse transformations, including elimination, substitution with other functional groups, and integration into an expanded ring. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Central Science/2024_2.txt | groundtruth | 2024_2.txt | test |
Nature Reviews Nephrology | 20_3 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Nephrology/20_3.png | C | The balancing act of regulatory T cells, inspired by the Review on p544.
Cover design: Lara Crow | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Nephrology/19_4.txt | vitg | 19_4.txt | The ageing world, inspired by the Focus starting on p557.
Cover design: Lara Crow | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Nephrology/20_4.txt | clip | 20_4.txt | Podocyte-targeted therapies, inspired by the Review on p643.
Cover design: Lara Crow | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Nephrology/20_3.txt | groundtruth | 20_3.txt | Targeting IgA nephropathy, inspired by the Review on p9
Cover design: Lara Crow | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Nephrology/21_2.txt | vith | 21_2.txt | train |
Crystal Growth & Design | 2024_19 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/Crystal Growth & Design/2024_19.png | B | This Virtual Special Issue | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2023_4.txt | vitg | 2023_4.txt | Multi-stimuli-responsive polymorphic elastic organic fluorophore. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2024_19.txt | groundtruth | 2024_19.txt | a | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2011_5.txt | ave_1 | 2011_5.txt | halogen bonds, a series of acetylacetonates of divalent cations were cocrystalized with p-dihalotetrafluorobenzenes. Throughout the series of formed cocrystals, the | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/Crystal Growth & Design/2019_11.txt | clip | 2019_11.txt | val |
NATURE ENERGY | 9_8 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE ENERGY/9_8.png | D | Now we are five
Nature Energy launched its first issue five years ago. To mark the occasion, this month we take a look back at some of our past content and catch up with some of our early authors.
See Editorial
Image: Anton Eine/Alamy Stock Photo. Cover Design: Thomas Phillips. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE ENERGY/6_12.txt | clip | 6_12.txt | Return on preparedness
Debate has raged in Texas over the costs of preparing the energy system for winter weather since storm Uri caused massive power outages. Gruber et al. estimate the costs and expected revenue from winterization and find that investment in disaster preparedness pays off for utilities and consumers.... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE ENERGY/7_8.txt | vitg | 7_8.txt | Extremes in energy systems
Climate-induced extreme weather events can cause unexpected disruptions in the operation of all kinds of energy systems, from infrastructure all the way to finance. This Focus issue explores how extreme events, from high energy demand in heat waves to financial crashes, reverberate through va... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE ENERGY/5_11.txt | vith | 5_11.txt | Resilient lines
Hurricane damage leads to power outages and can trigger cascading failures in power grids as they respond to the initial impacts. Stürmer et al. present a dynamic approach to modelling these wind-induced power-line failures that allows them to test the potential effects of line hardening in providing a ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE ENERGY/9_8.txt | groundtruth | 9_8.txt | train |
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY | 23_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY/23_5.png | A | A pharmacological concerto, inspired by the Perspective on p626.
Cover design: S. Harris | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY/23_5.txt | groundtruth | 23_5.txt | Vaccine adjuvants, inspired by the Review on p454.
Cover design: S. Harris | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY/20_7.txt | vitg | 20_7.txt | Engineering living therapeutics, inspired by the Review on p941.
Cover design: S. Harris | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY/20_1.txt | vith | 20_1.txt | Delivering genome editors, inspired by the Review on p875.
Cover design: S. Harris | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY/22_2.txt | clip | 22_2.txt | train |
Nature Photonics | 19_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Photonics/19_2.png | D | Taming of random lasers
Random lasers are notorious for their unpredictability and uncontrollability. Now, it’s been shown that a disordered two-dimensional photonic crystal can bring control over random lasing modes. The approach using an InP-based multiple-quantum-well epilayer enables precision control over the lase... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/13_6.txt | clip | 13_6.txt | Artistic impression of an all-optical modulator that exploits plasmonics.
Cover design by Karen Moore.
Letter by Pacifici et al . | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/1_6.txt | vitg | 1_6.txt | The nonlinear interaction of ultrashort laser pulses with a medium can generate trains of attosecond pulses. Here, ultrafast photonic streaking launches successive individual attosecond pulses in different directions, enabling direct experimental access to these pulses, which carry information on the ultrafast dynamics... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/7_5.txt | vith | 7_5.txt | Magneto-optic exceptional points
An artistic illustration of a highly sensitive magnetic field sensor that makes use of magneto-optic exceptional points. The apparatus consists of a Fabry–Perot cavity containing a magneto-optic crystal of terbium gallium garnet and a liquid-crystal cell. Frequency splitting of the mode... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Photonics/19_2.txt | groundtruth | 19_2.txt | test |
Nature Reviews Cardiology | 21_11 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Cardiology/21_11.png | B | Cardiovascular risk stratification for spaceflight, inspired by the Review on p667.
Cover design: Vicky Summersby | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Cardiology/21_3.txt | ave_1 | 21_3.txt | High altitude physiology, inspired by the Review on p75.
Cover design: Vicky Summersby | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Cardiology/21_11.txt | groundtruth | 21_11.txt | DEI in Cardiology, inspired by the Roadmap on p765.
Cover design: Vicky Summersby. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Cardiology/19_2.txt | clip | 19_2.txt | Cardiovascular involvement in long COVID, inspired by the Review on p314.
Cover design: Vicky Summersby. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Cardiology/19_8.txt | vitg | 19_8.txt | train |
Trends in Cancer | 11_2 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Trends in Cancer/11_2.png | A | In this issue, Kadali and Shoshani discuss the relationship between
abnormal nuclear structures and the formation of gene amplifications in cancer,
emphasizing their role in tumor heterogeneity and therapy resistance. The cover image
depicts cancer cells breaking chromosome bridges with amplified DNA, generating
ecDNA ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/11_2.txt | groundtruth | 11_2.txt | We invite readers to explore the newest addition to the Trends collection Trends in Cancer, which aims to cover a range of topics in cancer research including the latest developments
in basic, translational and clinical sciences, pharma R&D, technology, ethics, and
policy. The inaugural issue of Trends in Cancer tackle... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/1_4.txt | clip | 1_4.txt | Variations in cancer incidence fuel the debate on the relative contributions of intrinsic
vs extrinsic factors. On pages 409–415 in this issue, Thomas et al. add an extra piece to the puzzle by exploring the concept of evolutionary ecology
in oncogenesis, and discuss how an organ ecosystem and its contribution to Darwi... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/2_5.txt | vitg | 2_5.txt | Science benefits from embracing diversity and inclusion. The scientific
community is beginning to bring more attention to this issue, but more work is needed.
As Trends in Cancer celebrates its fifth anniversary, we pledge to amplify the diversity of
voices in our pages – showcasing scientists with diverse gender, geog... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Trends in Cancer/6_5.txt | vith | 6_5.txt | train |
Acta Pharmacologica Sinica | 45_4 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica/45_4.png | A | Cover Credit: Methionine-choline deficient diet (MCD) has been widely illustrated in inducing persistent alterations of gut microbiota and metabolome during hepatitis. Given the close interaction between gut and liver disorders, this study further highlights that intake of MCD predisposes to experimental colitis and en... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica/45_4.txt | groundtruth | 45_4.txt | Cover Credit: Mechanisms of Takeda G protein-coupled receptor-5 (TGR5) agonist on inhibiting intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and ameliorating ulcerative colitis. Activation of TGR5 by OM8 enhanced cAMP/PKA signaling, which led to upregulation of c-FLIP expression, and subsequently suppressed JNK phosphorylation, t... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica/44_5.txt | vitg | 44_5.txt | Cover Credit: Urolithin A, as a fruit-derived natural product, protects against atherosclerotic plaque vulnerability by pleiotropic mechanisms, including promoting NO production, inhibiting YAP/TAZ-dependent endothelial inflammation as well as lowering lipid levels. Doi:10.1038/s41401-024-01317-5. See the article in pa... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica/45_2.txt | ave_2 | 45_2.txt | Challenges and opportunities for network pharmacology-based research on traditional Chinese medicines against COVID-19. See the article in pages 845–847. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Acta Pharmacologica Sinica/42_7.txt | clip | 42_7.txt | train |
Cancer Cell | 42_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cancer Cell/42_5.png | D | On the cover: Defeating a complex disease like cancer will require a united, concerted
effort by different types of people from diverse backgrounds who can bring together
distinctive experiences and ways of thinking. This issue of Cancer Cell features Voices, Letter, and Commentary pieces discussing the importance of d... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cancer Cell/38_4.txt | clip | 38_4.txt | On the cover: After one of the most challenging years marked by the COVID-19 pandemic
and a call for social change to eliminate racism and increase diversity and equity
in science, we want to bring hope for 2021. This issue of Cancer Cell features a Voices
(pp. 1–2) discussing lessons learned in 2020 and upcoming chang... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cancer Cell/39_12.txt | vitg | 39_12.txt | On the cover: As Cancer Cell celebrates 10 years of publishing groundbreaking cancer
research, we reflect on the dramatic progress that has been made. The previous decade
has witnessed leaps forward in the understanding of the genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic
alterations in cancer cells, tumor heterogeneity, and the ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cancer Cell/21_4.txt | vith | 21_4.txt | On the cover: Sun et al. characterize the mechanistic significance and diagnostic potential of plasma and
fecal metabolites in colorectal cancer (CRC). The cover artwork depicts the journey
of sailboats, symbolizing CRC progression. The dolphins (representing inhibitory metabolites
like allocholic acid) swim alongside ... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cancer Cell/42_5.txt | groundtruth | 42_5.txt | val |
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment | 5_9 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Earth & Environment/5_9.png | D | Enhanced drought frequency and magnitude have impacted tree mortality, leading to multiple examples of regional-scale dieback. This Review outlines the mechanisms leading to mortality, including carbon starvation and hydraulic failure. See McDowell et al.
Image: Ashley Cooper/Getty images. Cover design: Carl Conway. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Earth & Environment/3_8.txt | clip | 3_8.txt | Estimates of global dryland changes are often conflicting. This Review discusses and quantifies observed and projected aridity changes, revealing divergent responses between atmospheric and ecohydrological metrics owing to plant physiological responses to elevated CO2. See Lian et al.
Image: Felix Cesare / Getty Images... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Earth & Environment/2_9.txt | ave_2 | 2_9.txt | Vegetation fires are integral to some ecosystems, but can be economically and environmentally destructive. This Review discusses contemporary and future fire regimes, adaptation to fire in the Anthropocene and the need for increased transdisciplinary research to achieve better fire management. See Bowman et al.
Image: ... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Earth & Environment/1_3.txt | ave_3 | 1_3.txt | Grapes produced for winemaking are highly susceptible to change in climate, particularly extreme heat and drought. This Review examines the changing geography of existing and emerging winegrowing regions, and recommends adaptation measure to increasing heat and modified drought, pest and disease pressure.
Image credit:... | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Earth & Environment/5_9.txt | groundtruth | 5_9.txt | val |
ACS Measurement Science Au | 2022_6 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Measurement Science Au/2022_6.png | B | Despite its global importance in controlling the world's carbon dioxide levels, there is a lot we do not know about calcite dissolution. By studying the dissolution reaction at the single particle scale, we reveal the process to be limited by the diffusion of ions away from the mineral interface. | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Measurement Science Au/2022_2.txt | clip | 2022_2.txt | A prototype smartphone-based device for flow cytometry has been developed, and its operation is facilitated by the use of brightly photoluminescent supra-nanoparticle assemblies of colloidal quantum dots. Cells are immunolabeled with different colors of these assemblies to be classified and enumerated. Cover art by W. ... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Measurement Science Au/2022_6.txt | groundtruth | 2022_6.txt | Almost a decade of developments: Substrate-integrated hollow waveguides for advanced gas sensing systems | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Measurement Science Au/2021_1.txt | vitg | 2021_1.txt | Seeing is not believing: The weak transient current signals of single-particle collisions we recorded are often distorted by amplifiers' filter and the noise. It seems like we “see” signals from the reflection in the water. The “ripples” and “waving shadow” mask our “believing” of the dynamic nature of individual entit... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Measurement Science Au/2022_3.txt | ave_2 | 2022_3.txt | train |
Developmental Cell | 59_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Developmental Cell/59_7.png | A | On the cover: The image is a graphical representation of the Drosophila Protein Interaction Network 2 that was generated by expressing thousands of individual
tagged proteins and assessing their interacting partners by affinity purification
and mass spectrometry, covering more than half of the proteome. Functionally re... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/59_7.txt | groundtruth | 59_7.txt | On the cover: This image represents three studies in this issue of Developmental Cell that are part of the SpatioTemporal Omics Consortium (STOC): zebrafish embryogenesis
spatiotemporal transcriptomic atlas (bottom right), 3D spatiotemporal transcriptomic
atlas of developing Drosophila (top right), and cell-type-specif... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/57_15.txt | ave_1 | 57_15.txt | On the cover: The cover image depicts how cellular and molecular landmarks of early
mouse skin development (colorful stroke) can be uncovered within the seemingly uniform
embryonic skin tissue (black-and-white template). The color palette contains the single-cell-transcriptomics-derived
major cell types (depicted by th... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/58_5.txt | clip | 58_5.txt | On the cover: Developmental Cell publishes papers representing a full range of cell biology and development, from
molecular mechanism to organismal pathophysiology. The spiraling elements depicted
on the cover of this month's tenth anniversary issue suggest a continuum of relationships
amongst these intertwined discipl... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Developmental Cell/21_6.txt | vitg | 21_6.txt | train |
Nature Reviews Physics | 6_7 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/Nature Reviews Physics/6_7.png | C | The cover of this issue illustrates a Viewpoint article on the visibility challenges faced by Asian scientists. See Hanasoge et al.
Cover design: Charlotte Gurr. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Physics/2_9.txt | vith | 2_9.txt | The cover of this issue is a celebration of 100 years since Ernst Ising solved the 1D version of the Ising model. See our In Retrospect.
Image: Susanne Harris, Springer Nature Limited. Cover design: Susanne Harris. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Physics/6_4.txt | clip | 6_4.txt | The cover of this issue illustrates the idea of controlling the orbital angular momentum of light. See Forbes et al.
Cover design: Susanne Harris. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Physics/6_7.txt | groundtruth | 6_7.txt | The cover of this issue illustrates the physics and sustainability theme launching this month. See Editorial
Cover design: Susanne Harris. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/Nature Reviews Physics/5_10.txt | vitg | 5_10.txt | train |
Cell Reports Methods | 4_5 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Cell/Cover/Cell Reports Methods/4_5.png | A | On the cover: In this issue, Poovathingal et al. present Nova-ST, an open-source sequencing-based spatial transcriptomics workflow.
The cover illustrates a spatial imprint of captured transcripts by Nova-ST from the
mouse brain. The illustration below the brain section represents an electron micrograph
of the repurpose... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Methods/4_5.txt | groundtruth | 4_5.txt | On the cover: Biological samples are often examined at the cellular level in order
to draw conclusions or suggest an appropriate medical diagnosis. In this issue, Toth
et al. report a method that improves cell classification accuracy using a fisheye-like
transformation that incorporates the environment around a cell of... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Methods/2_1.txt | clip | 2_1.txt | On the cover: Welcome to Cell Reports Methods! Our first issue cover features original artwork, from the Cell Press creative team,
that conceptualizes the process of scientific discovery as navigating a complex and
varied mountain terrain with many possible goals and endpoints. At Cell Reports Methods, we are devoted t... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Methods/1_8.txt | vitg | 1_8.txt | On the cover: The cover image illustrates MMoCHi, a supervised machine learning framework
for cell-type classification of multimodal, single-cell genomics and spatial profiling
data developed by Caron et al. The colored layers and corresponding cell drawings represent different modalities
(e.g., morphology, protein, mR... | MAC_Bench/Cell/Story/Cell Reports Methods/5_1.txt | ave_2 | 5_1.txt | val |
ACS Chemical Neuroscience | 2024_20 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/ACS/Cover/ACS Chemical Neuroscience/2024_20.png | D | This cover image offers a peek at the cytosolic environment of a central nervous system (CNS) cell. It highlights the dual-action mechanism of a small molecule, which is shown to interact with both carbonic anhydrase and the mitochondrial outer membrane protein TSPO. These interactions suggest a potential therapeutic s... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Chemical Neuroscience/2025_4.txt | vith | 2025_4.txt | Nanoparticles act as warriors in combating pathogens from entering the brain or provide therapeutic approaches to the pathogen-infected CNS. Nanoparticles cover a wide range of Au, CeO | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Chemical Neuroscience/2020_8.txt | vitg | 2020_8.txt | The cover art depicts the spontaneous binding of 2 nm ligand-capped gold nanoparticles over a long amyloid- | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Chemical Neuroscience/2020_3.txt | clip | 2020_3.txt | The artwork depicts how gut bacteria-derived SCFAs establish crosstalk with the brain and influence proteins and key neurotransmitters associated with treatment-resistant depression. SCFAs also positively modulate neuroplasticity, tryptophan metabolism, and inflammatory cascades in the brain that are involved in the ma... | MAC_Bench/ACS/Story/ACS Chemical Neuroscience/2024_20.txt | groundtruth | 2024_20.txt | train |
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY | 24_1 | Which of the following options best describe the cover image? | MAC_Bench/Nature/Cover/NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY/24_1.png | A | Storm, inspired by the Perspective on p912.
Cover design: Simon Bradbrook | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY/24_1.txt | groundtruth | 24_1.txt | Geographical variation in vaccine responses, inspired by the Review on p250.
Cover design: Simon Bradbrook | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY/24_9.txt | ave_3 | 24_9.txt | ‘Coronavirus Storm’, inspired by the Review on p363.
Cover design: Simon Bradbrook. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY/20_7.txt | clip | 20_7.txt | COVER: Immune ageing, inspired by the Review on p484.
Cover design: Simon Bradbrook. | MAC_Bench/Nature/Story/NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY/22_5.txt | ave_2 | 22_5.txt | train |
MAC is a comprehensive live benchmark designed to evaluate multimodal large language models (MLLMs) on scientific understanding tasks. The dataset focuses on scientific journal cover understanding, providing challenging testbeds for assessing visual-textual comprehension capabilities of MLLMs in academic domains.
1. Image-to-Text Understanding
2. Text-to-Image Understanding
| Attribute | Value |
|---|---|
| Source Journals | Nature, Science, Cell, ACS journals |
| Task Types | 2 (Image2Text, Text2Image) |
| Options per Question | 4 (A, B, C, D) |
| Languages | English |
| Image Format | High-resolution PNG journal covers |
from datasets import load_dataset
dataset = load_dataset("mhjiang0408/MAC_Bench")
Image-to-Text Task Fields (image2text_info.csv):
{
'journal': str, # Source journal name (e.g., "NATURE BIOTECHNOLOGY")
'id': str, # Unique identifier (e.g., "42_7")
'question': str, # Task question
'cover_image': str, # Path to cover image
'answer': str, # Correct answer ('A', 'B', 'C', 'D')
'option_A': str, # Option A text
'option_A_path': str, # Path to option A story file
'option_A_embedding_name': str, # Embedding method name
'option_A_embedding_id': str, # Embedding identifier
# Similar fields for options B, C, D
'split': str # Dataset split ('train', 'val', 'test')
}
Use the official MAC_Bench evaluation toolkit:
# Clone repository
git clone https://github.com/mhjiang0408/MAC_Bench.git
cd MAC_Bench
./setup.sh
If you use the MAC dataset in your research, please cite our paper:
@misc{jiang2025maclivebenchmarkmultimodal,
title={MAC: A Live Benchmark for Multimodal Large Language Models in Scientific Understanding},
author={Mohan Jiang and Jin Gao and Jiahao Zhan and Dequan Wang},
year={2025},
eprint={2508.15802},
archivePrefix={arXiv},
primaryClass={cs.CL},
url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.15802},
}
This dataset is released under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 License. See LICENSE for details.
We welcome contributions to improve the dataset and benchmark: