<p>I presume, that you are familiar with the subject and need clarification only upon the expression in question.</p>

<p>I also preume that you know what volatility is. Volatility is generally unobserved in GARCH models, i.e. it can not be measured directly in which sence it is latent volatility. Usual GARCH model derives an estimate for this latent volatility from squared errors.</p>

<p>In this paper the way to incorporate a different estimatior of the latent volatility is sujested. As it is not entirely accurate to call it an estimator, that refer to it as measure. They consider measures from the family that is commonly referred to as realized measures of volatility, e.g. realized varianse and bipower variance. So we have realized measure to latent volatility. However we can not observe a random variable, which this realized measure actually. Instead we observe one realization of it - an observation. So the numbers that we got from using these procedure are called "observed realized measure to latent variation".</p>

<p>If my explanations were unclear or something else needs to be explained please specify it.</p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2015-01-09T14:43:16.907Z
2015-01-09T14:43:16.907Z
Nikita Toropov
<p>I am working with a Realized GARCH model. I have am having some trouble understanding a concept: </p>

<p>Paper: <a href="https://ideas.repec.org/p/aah/create/2010-13.html" rel="nofollow" title="Realized GARCH: A Complete Model of Returns and Realized Measures of Volatility, Hansen &amp; Huang">Realized GARCH: A Complete Model of Returns and Realized Measures of Volatility, Hansen &amp; Haung</a></p>

<blockquote>
  <p>"A key feature of the Realized GARCH framework is a measurement
  equation that relates the <strong>observed realized measure</strong> to latent
  volatility".</p>
</blockquote>

<p>Or from the rugarch-vignette (R), page 14: </p>

<blockquote>
  <p>"Unlike the naive augmentation of GARCH processes by a realized
  measures, the realGARCH model relates the <strong>observed realized
  measure</strong> to the latent volatility..."</p>
</blockquote>

<p>I am confused to exactly does "observed realized measure" mean? </p>

<econometrics>
What is "Observed realized measure"?
Thorst
# What is "Observed realized measure"?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2015-01-09)

I am working with a Realized GARCH model. I have am having some trouble understanding a concept:

Paper: [Realized GARCH: A Complete Model of Returns and Realized Measures of Volatility, Hansen & Haung](https://ideas.repec.org/p/aah/create/2010-13.html "Realized GARCH: A Complete Model of Returns and Realized Measures of Volatility, Hansen & Huang")

> "A key feature of the Realized GARCH framework is a measurement
> equation that relates the **observed realized measure** to latent
> volatility".

Or from the rugarch-vignette (R), page 14:

> "Unlike the naive augmentation of GARCH processes by a realized
> measures, the realGARCH model relates the **observed realized
> measure** to the latent volatility..."

I am confused to exactly does "observed realized measure" mean?

**Tags:** econometrics

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2015-01-09. Score: 3 | Accepted answer

I presume, that you are familiar with the subject and need clarification only upon the expression in question.

I also preume that you know what volatility is. Volatility is generally unobserved in GARCH models, i.e. it can not be measured directly in which sence it is latent volatility. Usual GARCH model derives an estimate for this latent volatility from squared errors.

In this paper the way to incorporate a different estimatior of the latent volatility is sujested. As it is not entirely accurate to call it an estimator, that refer to it as measure. They consider measures from the family that is commonly referred to as realized measures of volatility, e.g. realized varianse and bipower variance. So we have realized measure to latent volatility. However we can not observe a random variable, which this realized measure actually. Instead we observe one realization of it - an observation. So the numbers that we got from using these procedure are called "observed realized measure to latent variation".

If my explanations were unclear or something else needs to be explained please specify it.


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