<p>The compensated law of demand is a tool we use to analyze the decomposition of substitution and income effects. We take a price change which changes the relative price ratio (the slope of our budget constraint in a simple two good example) which leads to a new tangency point on a new 'rotated' budget line. For simplicity, if we consider the tangency condition:
<span class="math-container">$$
|MRS| = \frac{MU_1}{MU_2} = \frac{p_1}{p_2}
$$</span>
Then as <span class="math-container">$p_1$</span> rises, for example, the value of our MRS defined as the slope of our indifference curve would rise at the optimal point. So our new tangency would be higher up on this new lower indifference curve. What we would then do is ask the hypothetical: <strong>Under the new prices, how much income would leave the consumer just as well as off before the price changes?</strong> This is the idea of compensated demand. What would we do in practice is essentially shift the budget line up (or down) until it is tangent to the <em>original</em> indifference curve. This gives us the pure substitution effect abstracting away from the change in purchasing power.</p>

<p>Since you are reading from an advanced microeconomics textbook I imagine you are familiar with Marshallian and Hicksian demands, these concepts are very closely related to how we compute this hypothetical budget constraint. Sadly that is the simplest way I can think of explaining it as it is an 'advanced' concept. In practice, we don't usually use the tangency condition to arrive at these results but it helps in simplifying the concept.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-10-29T06:54:39.263Z
I am not sure why you are including the MRS part, it does not seem necessary to your overall explanation. Also it makes you run into several pitfalls: the MRS may not exist, "*So our new tangency would be higher up on this new lower indifference curve*" may not be true (in case the good $x_1$ is inferior), etc.
Giskard
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-10-29T12:54:22.853Z
Thank you so much！Sadly it's still kind of difficult for me to understand，anyway，thank you all the same！
rui Lee
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-10-29T18:04:24.190Z
@Giskard that is a fair point, I figured it may tie the concept closer to what OP had previously done. Usually we talk about the slope of the IC as being the MRS. And I used the simple normal good case but I should have specified that what I was describing isn’t general
Brennan
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-10-29T02:13:49.737Z
2019-10-29T06:51:46.070Z
2019-10-29T06:51:46.070Z
Brennan
<p>The term “compensated law of demand” I met in advanced microeconomics textbook, which appeared in “revealed Preference “</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-11-28T07:28:49.900Z
Which textbook (and pages) are you reading? It may be helpful for answering your question precisely.
Bertrand
<microeconomics>
how to explain the term “Compensated law of demand” in a plain way?
rui Lee
# how to explain the term “Compensated law of demand” in a plain way?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2019-10-28)

The term “compensated law of demand” I met in advanced microeconomics textbook, which appeared in “revealed Preference “

**Tags:** microeconomics
> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: Which textbook (and pages) are you reading? It may be helpful for answering your question precisely.  

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_2 on 2019-10-29. Score: 2

The compensated law of demand is a tool we use to analyze the decomposition of substitution and income effects. We take a price change which changes the relative price ratio (the slope of our budget constraint in a simple two good example) which leads to a new tangency point on a new 'rotated' budget line. For simplicity, if we consider the tangency condition:
$$
|MRS| = \frac{MU\_1}{MU\_2} = \frac{p\_1}{p\_2}
$$
Then as $p\_1$ rises, for example, the value of our MRS defined as the slope of our indifference curve would rise at the optimal point. So our new tangency would be higher up on this new lower indifference curve. What we would then do is ask the hypothetical: **Under the new prices, how much income would leave the consumer just as well as off before the price changes?** This is the idea of compensated demand. What would we do in practice is essentially shift the budget line up (or down) until it is tangent to the *original* indifference curve. This gives us the pure substitution effect abstracting away from the change in purchasing power.

Since you are reading from an advanced microeconomics textbook I imagine you are familiar with Marshallian and Hicksian demands, these concepts are very closely related to how we compute this hypothetical budget constraint. Sadly that is the simplest way I can think of explaining it as it is an 'advanced' concept. In practice, we don't usually use the tangency condition to arrive at these results but it helps in simplifying the concept.

> **Comments:**
> **username_3**: I am not sure why you are including the MRS part, it does not seem necessary to your overall explanation. Also it makes you run into several pitfalls: the MRS may not exist, "*So our new tangency would be higher up on this new lower indifference curve*" may not be true (in case the good $x_1$ is inferior), etc.  
> **username_0**: Thank you so much！Sadly it's still kind of difficult for me to understand，anyway，thank you all the same！  
> **username_2**: @Giskard that is a fair point, I figured it may tie the concept closer to what OP had previously done. Usually we talk about the slope of the IC as being the MRS. And I used the simple normal good case but I should have specified that what I was describing isn’t general  

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