<p>A cryptocurrency's initial value is set at the same way as an established cryptocurrency.</p>

<p>It's the price that people are willing to pay, when they believe the hype told to them by the crypto's promoters.</p>

<p>As such, the price is a measure of the promoters' marketing skills, and the gullibility of the buyers.</p>

<p>I completely understand that you feel it ought to be different. But for an intrinsically worthless thing, what I've written above, applies both to a new crypto and an existing one. It's worthless. Therefore its price is whatever the owner can fool someone into paying for it.</p>

<p>As for what number the promoters actually pick, they will play a guessing game. There's a story about how opticians price the pair of a new glasses. When they tell a new customer the price, they say, it will be £60. And they pause, and watch the customer's reaction. If they don't blink, they add "per lens". Pause, and if no blink again, "and £120 for the frame". If the customer looks scared, they can then add "but with your discount, the frame will be half price".</p>

<p>Pricing worthless assets is similar, but far worse. The seller make a pretty fairy story about the total value of the market, works out how many tokens there will be, throws in a big "get in at the ground floor" discount, and then plucks the asking price out of thin air.</p>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T14:23:22.473Z
I'd say it's worse than marketing. Questionable practices long since all-but-extinct from the stock market are believed to be common place with cryptocurrencies.  For example, if you have a set of cooperating buyers and sellers you can create an illusion of market demand and upwards momentum on the price before offloading it on outside parties that were attracted merely by the sparkline.
Thomas M. DuBuisson
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T15:06:11.883Z
This simply isn't true. Pricing something that has never been established before is not at all the same as something that is being traded already. In the latter situation the current market price is an indication of what I can expect to have to pay for it, and to recover from it when I sell it. This reference point does not exist for a new cryptocurrency, hence my question.
Roguey
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T16:20:26.330Z
@Roguey I completely understand that you feel it ought to be different. But for an intrinsically worthless thing, what I've written above, applies both to a new crypto and an existing one. It's worthless. Therefore its price is whatever the owner can fool someone into paying for it.
410 gone
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T16:51:24.950Z
@EnergyNumbers Ok, thanks. I'm just puzzled how this can be. I mean, where do people that buy ICO coins come from? Who falls for this? There's just no telling where the price will go after the ICO, right? Could plummet, could skyrocket.
Roguey
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T16:53:37.797Z
@Roguey I am as mystified as you are by those very questions. It's like seeing people get fooled by the three-card hustle **when all the cards are face-up**.
410 gone
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T17:52:39.790Z
(+1). While I agree with you and am not a fan of cryptocurrencies, it is worth noting here that almost the same thing can be said about most "real" currencies. They are also intrinsically worthless, sure, but people seem to accept them in return for goods and services, which gives them value. Similarly, you can exchange some cryptocurrencies for (some) goods and services as well.
BB King
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T18:41:54.503Z
@BBKing no, real currencies have some distinguishing features which makes them very different. For example, many of them are backed by a military. Almost all are specified as the currency of payment for mandatory taxes, backed by a criminal justice system, and are incorporated into legislative frameworks. They are pretty much all enforced by existing power structures. And so on ...
410 gone
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T19:29:45.680Z
Yes, that is currently true for many currencies, but not for all. Consider a corrupt country with low state capacity and high informality. Furthermore, there is nothing to stop such a country from printing too much money and devaluing its value. Lastly, many modern currencies did not have the advantages you mention when they got started. Hence, current established currencies should not be compared to crypto. A more correct comparison would be e.g. the U.S. dollar around 1792 (or the earlier continental currency), which indeed faced similar problems as modern cryptocurrencies.
BB King
CC BY-SA 4.0
2018-10-16T11:36:26.207Z
2018-10-16T16:37:36.037Z
2018-10-16T16:37:36.037Z
410 gone
<p>I understand that a cryptocurrency has no intrinisc value, and that therefore its value is determined strictly by market forces, i.e. supply and demand.</p>

<p>I "get" (more or less) that this is how it works for cryptocurrencies that are already "up and running", but what I don't get is how a cryptocurrency's market gets started. I mean, there are over 800 cryptocurrencies already, with a couple dozen pretty well-known, right? So apparently starting one isn't very difficult. But when someone starts a cryptocurrency, how does his first (and his second, third, etc.) "coin" acquire any value in terms of traditional money? I mean, I understand that the first transaction gets the cryptocurrency's "market" going, but that transaction is internal to the currency, right? It does not establish a value relative to a traditional currency.</p>

<p>I also don't get who would enter into that first transaction anyway. If some person tells me "Hey I started a new cryptocurrency, so far I've mined 1 unit of it. Can I use it to buy a can of beer from you?", why would I ever say yes, given that there is no way to determine what is a reasonable "starting value" for his currency?</p>

<p>(I did read up on a bit ICO's, but I don't quite get that either. OK, some "company" proposes to create a bitcurrency, and investors can buy into it prior to its creation. Does that mean they buy a certain number of the yet-to-be-created currency? In that case, again I don't understand what possible basis there could be for assinging a specific value.)</p>

<cryptocurrency>
What determines a new cryptocurrency's initial value?
Roguey
# What determines a new cryptocurrency's initial value?

(Asked by: username_0 on 2018-10-16)

I understand that a cryptocurrency has no intrinisc value, and that therefore its value is determined strictly by market forces, i.e. supply and demand.

I "get" (more or less) that this is how it works for cryptocurrencies that are already "up and running", but what I don't get is how a cryptocurrency's market gets started. I mean, there are over 800 cryptocurrencies already, with a couple dozen pretty well-known, right? So apparently starting one isn't very difficult. But when someone starts a cryptocurrency, how does his first (and his second, third, etc.) "coin" acquire any value in terms of traditional money? I mean, I understand that the first transaction gets the cryptocurrency's "market" going, but that transaction is internal to the currency, right? It does not establish a value relative to a traditional currency.

I also don't get who would enter into that first transaction anyway. If some person tells me "Hey I started a new cryptocurrency, so far I've mined 1 unit of it. Can I use it to buy a can of beer from you?", why would I ever say yes, given that there is no way to determine what is a reasonable "starting value" for his currency?

(I did read up on a bit ICO's, but I don't quite get that either. OK, some "company" proposes to create a bitcurrency, and investors can buy into it prior to its creation. Does that mean they buy a certain number of the yet-to-be-created currency? In that case, again I don't understand what possible basis there could be for assinging a specific value.)

**Tags:** cryptocurrency

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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2018-10-16. Score: 2 | Accepted answer

A cryptocurrency's initial value is set at the same way as an established cryptocurrency.

It's the price that people are willing to pay, when they believe the hype told to them by the crypto's promoters.

As such, the price is a measure of the promoters' marketing skills, and the gullibility of the buyers.

I completely understand that you feel it ought to be different. But for an intrinsically worthless thing, what I've written above, applies both to a new crypto and an existing one. It's worthless. Therefore its price is whatever the owner can fool someone into paying for it.

As for what number the promoters actually pick, they will play a guessing game. There's a story about how opticians price the pair of a new glasses. When they tell a new customer the price, they say, it will be £60. And they pause, and watch the customer's reaction. If they don't blink, they add "per lens". Pause, and if no blink again, "and £120 for the frame". If the customer looks scared, they can then add "but with your discount, the frame will be half price".

Pricing worthless assets is similar, but far worse. The seller make a pretty fairy story about the total value of the market, works out how many tokens there will be, throws in a big "get in at the ground floor" discount, and then plucks the asking price out of thin air.

> **Comments:**
> **username_2**: I'd say it's worse than marketing. Questionable practices long since all-but-extinct from the stock market are believed to be common place with cryptocurrencies.  For example, if you have a set of cooperating buyers and sellers you can create an illusion of market demand and upwards momentum on the price before offloading it on outside parties that were attracted merely by the sparkline.  
> **username_0**: This simply isn't true. Pricing something that has never been established before is not at all the same as something that is being traded already. In the latter situation the current market price is an indication of what I can expect to have to pay for it, and to recover from it when I sell it. This reference point does not exist for a new cryptocurrency, hence my question.  
> **username_1**: @Roguey I completely understand that you feel it ought to be different. But for an intrinsically worthless thing, what I've written above, applies both to a new crypto and an existing one. It's worthless. Therefore its price is whatever the owner can fool someone into paying for it.  
> **username_0**: @EnergyNumbers Ok, thanks. I'm just puzzled how this can be. I mean, where do people that buy ICO coins come from? Who falls for this? There's just no telling where the price will go after the ICO, right? Could plummet, could skyrocket.  
> **username_1**: @Roguey I am as mystified as you are by those very questions. It's like seeing people get fooled by the three-card hustle **when all the cards are face-up**.  
> **username_3**: (+1). While I agree with you and am not a fan of cryptocurrencies, it is worth noting here that almost the same thing can be said about most "real" currencies. They are also intrinsically worthless, sure, but people seem to accept them in return for goods and services, which gives them value. Similarly, you can exchange some cryptocurrencies for (some) goods and services as well.  
> **username_1**: @BBKing no, real currencies have some distinguishing features which makes them very different. For example, many of them are backed by a military. Almost all are specified as the currency of payment for mandatory taxes, backed by a criminal justice system, and are incorporated into legislative frameworks. They are pretty much all enforced by existing power structures. And so on ...  
> **username_3**: Yes, that is currently true for many currencies, but not for all. Consider a corrupt country with low state capacity and high informality. Furthermore, there is nothing to stop such a country from printing too much money and devaluing its value. Lastly, many modern currencies did not have the advantages you mention when they got started. Hence, current established currencies should not be compared to crypto. A more correct comparison would be e.g. the U.S. dollar around 1792 (or the earlier continental currency), which indeed faced similar problems as modern cryptocurrencies.  

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