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4946
|
dbpedia
|
0
| 82 |
https://www.nzfc.co.nz/a-brief-history-of-the-new-zealand-football-championship-from-inception-to-today/
|
en
|
A Brief History of the New Zealand Football Championship: From Inception to Today
|
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Admin"
] |
2023-04-14T20:15:40+12:00
|
New Zealand has a rich football history, with the first recorded game played in the country back in 1889. However, it wasn't until 2004 that a professional
|
en
|
NZFC
|
https://www.nzfc.co.nz/a-brief-history-of-the-new-zealand-football-championship-from-inception-to-today/
| ||||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 74 |
https://olefootballacademy.co.nz/pathways/domestic-pathways-nz-representation/
|
en
|
Domestic Pathways & NZ Representation
|
[
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"https://olefootballacademy.co.nz/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Callum-McCowatt-1024x575.jpg",
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2021-03-29T22:56:18+00:00
|
en
|
Olé Football Academy
|
https://olefootballacademy.co.nz/pathways/domestic-pathways-nz-representation/
|
Originally from Auckland, Callum McCowatt came to pursue his football development with Olé at the age of 15 and lived on-site in the residential facility. Callum trained full-time at the academy, going straight into the First Team training and playing environment.
Callum played in the National Youth League for Team Wellington Youth, then went on to play in the National League for Auckland City, along with Olé players Dominic Wooldridge and Owen-Parker-Price.
Callum was identified for the U17 National Team and was part of the 2015 U17 World Cup in Chile.
One of 10 players involved in the 2018-19 Eastern Suburbs AFC team who won the ISPS Handa Men’s Premiership and qualified for OFC Champions League. Callum was the Golden Boot for the league, with a total of 21 goals in 16 appearance. He was also the Steve Sumner trophy winner, for Premiership Grand Final MVP, after scoring a hat trick against Team Wellington in their title winning game.
Callum then went on to be named in the New Zealand 2019 U20 World Cup side, where he started every game in the tournament. Following the World Cup, Callum spent time on trials with clubs in Europe, before heading home to New Zealand, signing with the Wellington Phoenix FC. Callum spent one season with the Phoenix, and has now gone on to sign with Danish First Division club FC Helsingør, with fellow Olé graduates Elijah Just and Dalton Wilkins.
Callum made his debut for the All Whites, scoring against Ireland in a 3-1 loss.
|
||||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 38 |
https://www.facebook.com/groups/738220766549920/
|
en
|
Facebook
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yb/r/hLRJ1GG_y0J.ico
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https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yb/r/hLRJ1GG_y0J.ico
|
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"https://facebook.com/security/hsts-pixel.gif"
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[] |
[] |
[
""
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[] | null |
Sieh dir auf Facebook Beiträge, Fotos und vieles mehr an.
|
de
|
https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yb/r/hLRJ1GG_y0J.ico
|
https://www.facebook.com/login/
| ||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 80 |
https://www.wellington.com/en/about-us/careers
|
en
|
Careers
|
https://www.wellington.comnull.thumb.800.480.png?ck=1659609703
|
https://www.wellington.comnull.thumb.800.480.png?ck=1659609703
|
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[
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Wellington Management is a place where skilled and talented professionals can thrive and grow.
|
en
|
/etc.clientlibs/onewellington/clientlibs/clientlib-site/resources/images/favicon.png
|
Wellington
|
https://www.wellington.com/en/about-us/careers
|
We are transitioning to a hybrid work environment where both remote work and the office play a critical role. Our vision is a future where all employees are empowered to work flexibly to drive the best outcomes for our clients. Flexible work is a mindset and a core value. Our employees are encouraged to work remotely two days a week as a standard practice and will have flexibility in terms of working hours.
The future of Wellington’s workplace will be designed to ensure that we continue to meet our clients’ investment and service expectations, attract a diverse pool of talent, focus on employee well-being and engagement, and preserve and enhance our client-first, collaborative culture.
We believe that the physical office is an important part of work. It’s a place to innovate, collaborate, and enable face-to-face interactions that inspire and energize our community. Being together is critical for our apprenticeship learning model, talent development, and mentorship. We also believe that there are many complementary benefits of remote work, including focused thinking time and the democratization of voices in a virtual meeting. We have proven that we can operate productively in a remote world while maintaining our strong culture. That’s why we think flexibility is key.
As we continue to shape our workplace of the future, we will look to our employees to provide input and creative ideas. We are excited about our ability to work together in this new and evolving hybrid work environment, while maintaining our magnetic and collaborative culture — and ultimately delivering investment excellence to our clients and their beneficiaries over the long term.
|
||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
1
| 76 |
https://perthglory.com.au/news/glory-snap-up-young-matildas-star-for-2024-25-alw-season/
|
en
|
Glory snap up Young Matildas star for 2024/25 ALW season
|
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[] |
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[
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[
"garethmorgan",
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2024-08-09T02:55:43+00:00
|
Perth Glory is delighted to confirm that Young Matildas defender Naomi Thomas-Chinnama has joined the club’s A-League Women’s squad for the 2024/25 season. Thomas-Chinnama’s status as one of the most highly-rated young centre-backs in the country has been reinforced by...
|
en
|
Perth Glory
|
https://perthglory.com.au/news/glory-snap-up-young-matildas-star-for-2024-25-alw-season/
|
Perth Glory is delighted to confirm that Young Matildas defender Naomi Thomas-Chinnama has joined the club’s A-League Women’s squad for the 2024/25 season.
Thomas-Chinnama’s status as one of the most highly-rated young centre-backs in the country has been reinforced by her inclusion in the Australia squad for the upcoming FIFA U-20 Women’s World Cup which was announced earlier today.
The tournament, which is set to get underway later this month in Colombia, will be the second at which Glory’s latest recruit has worn the green and gold.
Still just 20, she has amassed more than 40 ALW appearances for Melbourne City over the past four seasons, 14 of which came last term as the Victorian side claimed the Premiership title.
Glory Head Coach Stephen Peters believes that Thomas-Chinnama is an excellent addition to the squad.
“Naomi is a very strong central defender with a fantastic amount of senior football experience for a player of her age,” he said.
“This means she is ready to hit the ground running for us straight away, while also still having a huge amount of potential for further development.
“We’re very excited to have Naomi on board as part of the new-look squad we’re assembling and I’m sure our Members and fans will really enjoy watching her play.”
Further squad announcements will be made shortly.
#ONEGlory
|
|||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 35 |
https://football.fandom.com/wiki/Wellington_Phoenix_FC_Reserves
|
en
|
Wellington Phoenix FC Reserves
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https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/the-football-database/images/d/d1/Wellington_Phoenix_FC.png/revision/latest?cb=20180417095459
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https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/the-football-database/images/d/d1/Wellington_Phoenix_FC.png/revision/latest?cb=20180417095459
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Wellington Phoenix Football Club Reserves is a New Zealand semi-professional football club based in the capital city, Wellington. They currently serve as the reserve side of Wellington Phoenix FC, who currently compete in the A-League in Australia. The reserve side, however, currently compete in...
|
en
|
https://static.wikia.nocookie.net/the-football-database/images/4/4a/Site-favicon.ico/revision/latest?cb=20210713142012
|
Football Wiki
|
https://football.fandom.com/wiki/Wellington_Phoenix_FC_Reserves
|
Wellington Phoenix Football Club Reserves is a New Zealand semi-professional football club based in the capital city, Wellington. They currently serve as the reserve side of Wellington Phoenix FC, who currently compete in the A-League in Australia. The reserve side, however, currently compete in the New Zealand Football Championship.
History[]
From 2010–2013 a Wellington Phoenix reserve side took part in the ASB Phoenix Challenge against ASB Premiership sides, however these games were separate to the main competition.
On 22 August 2014 it was announced that A-League side, Wellington Phoenix, had been granted permission to play a reserve side in the 2014–15 ASB Premiership, the top division for football in New Zealand. The team made their debut in the competition on 1 November 2014 against Team Wellington. Tyler Boyd scored the first goal in Phoenix Reserves history but that could not prevent them losing 1–2.
On 2 October 2015 Wellington Phoenix named a Youth Squad to take part in the ASB Youth League.
Current squad[]
Reserves squad[]
As of 17 October 2017
Youth squad[]
As of 17 October 2017
No. Pos. Nation Player 9 FW Max Bachelor 13 DF Noah Tipene-Clegg 14 FW Oskar van Hattum 16 MF Tuyi Byamana 20 GK Zac Dean 21 MF Owen Smith 22 DF Tommi-Joe McIndoe 23 DF Tim Hamilton 25 DF Eric Gromme 26 DF Kurtis Mogg 27 FW Henry Hamilton
No. Pos. Nation Player 28 DF Gatsby Gray 31 MF Josh Wentworth 32 MF Adam Hillis 33 DF Finn O'Connor 36 MF Forbes Nyatsanza 37 MF Jackson Manuel 40 GK Thomas Poole 41 MF Luke Agalawatta 42 MF Tom Wagner 44 FW Luke Tawatha
Senior team squad[]
Up to four professional players are eligible to play for the reserves side from this squad. Two under-20 players are also allowed if the reserves side's opposition agrees to their inclusion on match day.
[]
Official website
Template:Wellington Phoenix FC
2019–20 New Zealand Football Championship
Auckland City · Canterbury United · Eastern Suburbs · Hamilton Wanderers · Hawke's Bay United · Southern United · Tasman United · Team Wellington · Waitakere United · Wellington Phoenix Reserves
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https://japantoday.com/category/sports/world-champion-springboks-seek-first-rugby-championship-title-since-2019
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en
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World champion Springboks seek first Rugby Championship title since 2019
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"Gerrit Claassens"
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2024-08-09T09:53:00+09:00
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South Africa has won two World Cup titles since it last lifted the Rugby Championship trophy in 2019. It will attempt to rectify that discrepancy in this season’s tournament which begins when the Springboks play Australia at Brisbane on Saturday. The All Blacks host Argentina later the same day in…
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en
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Japan Today
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https://japantoday.com/category/sports/world-champion-springboks-seek-first-rugby-championship-title-since-2019
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South Africa has won two World Cup titles since it last lifted the Rugby Championship trophy in 2019. It will attempt to rectify that discrepancy in this season’s tournament which begins when the Springboks play Australia at Brisbane on Saturday.
The All Blacks host Argentina later the same day in Wellington as the Southern Hemisphere nations enter a new phase of the rebuilding process that has followed the last World Cup in France in 2023 in which South Africa beat New Zealand in the final.
All four teams have played three tests so far this season, using July internationals to introduce new players and in the case of Argentina, Australia and New Zealand to get used to new systems under new head coaches.
Australia (Joe Schmidt) and New Zealand (Scott Robertson) both are unbeaten so far under those coaches. Australia won mid-year tests against Wales and Georgia while New Zealand beat England twice and Fiji once.
Argentina under Felipe Contempomi split a two-test series with France and beat Uruguay by a record margin. South Africa won one and lost one test against Ireland in a series between the two top-ranked teams in world rugby — the Springboks won the first match against Ireland 27-20 before losing the second 25-24 — and then beat Portugal 64-21.
South Africa director of rugby Rassie Erasmus used the mid-year tests to induct a number of newcomers into the Springboks lineup and on Saturday will hand starting debuts to 22-year-old flyhalf Sacha Feinberg-Mngomezulu and backrower Elrigh Louw.
Otherwise, there are only three changes to the team that faced Ireland in a move which appears to underline the Springboks’ seriousness about this year’s Championship.
South Africa hasn’t always placed a high emphasis on the Rugby Championship which, since 2019, has been won four times by New Zealand.
But this year is determined to play up to its top world ranking in two matches against Australia in Australia and in two home tests against the All Blacks. The Springboks, who also won the World Cup in Japan in 2019, play Argentina home and away.
“As we tell ourselves internally, we can’t look too far ahead and forget the present. We also just can’t look at the present and I think in the squad you can see that,” Erasmus said, explaining his selection. “I think there are nine guys in the squad that weren’t regulars prior to the World Cup last year.
“I wouldn’t say it is the changing of the guard. It is about giving guys an opportunity . . . "
Erasmus said Feinberg-Mngomezulu “is starting at No. 10 and No. 10 is pivotal in every test match. “But he is somebody we know well. He is not someone who has just fallen into our system."
Schmidt also has introduced many new players as he works to rebuild the Wallabies after last year’s poor performances, highlighted by their early demise at the World Cup when they failed to make it out of the group stage for the first time.
So far, so good. The Wallabies played with confidence against Wales, given license by Schmidt to express themselves. Their revival has drawn a sellout 50,000-plus crowd to Saturday’s match in Brisbane.
Schmidt said his Wallabies team for the match mixes “continuity with freshness."
“The players have worked with good enthusiasm during the week but we know there is still plenty to work on,” he said. “We’re conscious of the size of the challenge and the size of our opponents but there’s a keenness in the player group to take a step forward.”
The All Blacks managed, just, to see off England in two tests, winning the first by a point and the second by the margin of a converted try. Their match against Fiji in San Diego allowed Robertson to test a number of new players, though he has reverted to his best lineup on Saturday.
There are some questions still over leadership on the field and imagination in the coaching box. The All Blacks face issues at scrumhalf where the loss of Aaron Smith’s long pass has repercussions on attack and at lock where injuries have opened the way for one-test All Black Sam Darry to start on Saturday.
Argentina will field several players who did not take part in the July tests. Juan Martín González, Juan Cruz Mallía and Lucio Cinti have been named in the starting 15 while Agustín Creevy, Joel Sclavi and Tomás Lavanini are on the bench. Efraín Elías, who also is among the reserves, is set for a test debut.
© Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.
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https://miramarrangers.co.nz/club-history
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en
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CLUB HISTORY — MIRAMAR RANGERS AFC
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[
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[] | null |
en
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https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/55efc2b5e4b0f97708b8ae8b/1445224642570-QWGG6M73Y3DV0PXN1I55/favicon.ico?format=100w
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MIRAMAR RANGERS AFC
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https://miramarrangers.co.nz/club-history
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CLUB HISTORY
Miramar Rangers Football Club was founded in 1907 but it wasn’t until 1929 it first fielded a senior side. It maintained a position in the Wellington 1B division throughout the 1930s. Following the 2nd World War the Club slowly built up considerable strength and by the mid 1950s had become a force to be reckoned with in Wellington football. They won promotion to the Wellington 1st Division in 1954. Miramar won the Chatham Cup in 1966, was a foundation member of the Central Regional League 1st Division in 1968 and won the Chatham Cup for a second time defeating Waikato United 3-1 in 1992. They finally won the Central League in 1980 thus gaining entry to the National League. They competed in it until the club-based format was dissolved in 2004. Miramar Rangers is now the principal club for Team Wellington in the ASB Premiership.
In 1987 the Club established its sand carpet surface at David Farrington Park, Miramar to give it one of the best playing surfaces in New Zealand along with Park Island and Kiwitea St, as it is an all year round football only ground. The field received a renovation in 2012 by Mexted Performance Sport Surfaces. In 2009 Wellington City Council agreed to rename the ground, from Centennial Park, to David Farrington Park – as a mark of respect to the local football stalwart who passed away in 2008. David Farrington was a legendary figure in New Zealand football for more than 40 years, coaching Miramar Rangers, Wellington representative teams and the New Zealand women’s national side, his son Jamie is the current captain of the Central League side.
The club has won the Chatham Cup on four occasions in 1966, 1992, 2004 and 2010 and were runners up in 1981. Since 2001 the club has had a great period of the success in winning two National Leagues in 2002 and 2003, while they were runners-up in 2001. The club won the Capital Premier League in 2004 along with the Chatham Cup. Since the reintroduction of the Central League in 2005 Miramar has won the title five times (2006, 2008, 2011, 2013 and 2014), claiming three of the last four titles and have been runners up three times in 2007, 2009 and 2010. The club has a strong history of players who have represented New Zealand at all levels including the likes of Peter Whiting, Wynton Rufer, Grant Turner, Michael Utting, Malcolm Dunford, Vaughan Covey, Simon Eliot, Chris Jackson, and more recently Andy Barron, James Bannatyne and Jeremy Brockie. In 2014 a record five players from the club were selected to represent the New Zealand Under 20 side.
1982 FINAL
Miramar Rangers 0-1 Mt Wellington
Miramar in their first Cup final since 1966 fought hard for a home-town success at the historic Basin Reserve. They were well served in goal by Barry Pickering and also sent to England to bring back from Norwich City John Fashnu who had earlier played half a dozen games for Miramar. The move went very close to coming off as Miramar contained a strong Mt Wellington side making their seventh final appearance in 11 years. The final would be settled by Keith Nelson who scored the winning goal after 107 minutes of play to secure Mt Wellington their fourth success.
Round 3Miramar 3-2 Stokes Valley
Round 4Miramar 2-1 Stop Out
Quarterfinal Miramar 1-0 Wellington City
Semi-Final Miramar 1-0 Christchurch United
FinalMiramar 0-1 Mt. Wellington (AET)
1992 FINAL
Miramar Rangers 3-1 Waikato United
Miramar reached the final after defeating Stop Out, Takaro and Western Suburbs in the early rounds; they then overcame Hutt Valley United 5-2 in the quarterfinal and then defeated North Shore United 2-0 in the semi-final. The side was coached by Barrie Truman and John Cameron and featured a number of internationals including then All White Captain Malcolm Dunford, Michael Utting and Vaughan Coveny, in addition to the likes of Stu Jacobs, Neal Cave, John Murphy, Paul Brydon and Kelvin O’Meara
The Sunday of the final was wet, with a typically strong southerly battering the players and the crowd of around 3000 at the Basin Reserve. Against the run of play, Waikato United's Darren Fellows tucked a goal past Utting in the 12th minute. But Rangers' experience and enterprise had them equalise through All White Billy Wright's headed conversion of an accurate Stu Jacobs cross as halftime approached. After the break it was all Rangers, with Wright, Cave, Dunford and Coveny picking holes in Waikato's defences. The pressure told, with Wright scoring from the penalty spot in the 68th minute.The clinching goal came from a piece of individual brilliance from Coveny, who received the ball on the halfway line, and then dribbled past four guys, and ended up one-on-one with the keeper and buried it. Coveny would go on to score 30 goals in 71 games for the All Whites in a stellar carrier.
Round 2Miramar 3-1 Stop Out
Round 3Miramar 4-0 Takaro
Round 4Miramar 4-1 Western Suburbs
QuarterfinalMiramar 5-2 Hutt Valley United
Semi-FinalMiramar 2-1 North Shore
FinalMiramar 3-1 Waikato United
1966 FINAL
Miramar Rangers 1-0 Western
Played at the historic Basin Reserve, Miramar’s side featured the country’s leading goalkeeper at the time Peter Whiting and the talented Taylor brothers Les and Barry. The Final was hardly a vintage affair and Western played most of the football early on before Miramar took over. Whiting had a difficult opening which he saw a shot cleared off the line, only to be bundled into the net but to his relief the goal was ruled out. The only goal came soon after halftime. Western Goalkeeper David Smith could not hold on to Stef Billings’s header and Les Taylor shot went in via an upright. Both sides had further chances but Rangers had enough energy to hold on for their first Chatham Cup.
Round 1Miramar 3-0 Western Suburbs
Round 2Miramar 1-0 Karori Swifts
Round 3Miramar 2-0 Northern
Round 4Miramar 3-1 Seatoun
Quarterfinal Miramar 3-0 Moturoa
Semi-Final Miramar 2-1 Ponsonby
FinalMiramar 1-0 Western
2004 FINAL
Miramar Rangers 1-0 Waitakere City
Miramar reached the final after defeating Marist AFC, Victoria University, Napier City Rovers, Wellington Olympic, Western and Eastern Suburbs, playing all but one of these fixtures away from home. The side was coached by the late great Dave Farrington and secured a double that season after capturing the Capital Premier title. It capped off a great three years for the club which had seen them capture back to back National League titles in 2002 and 2003.
The side was captained by Graham Little and heavily featured those involved in Miramar’s previous National League triumphs including Tim Buttefield, Bryan Little, Matt West, Tariq Imam, Andy Hedge, Jamie Farrington, Dylan Hall and Rupert Ryan who unfortunately was overseas for the final. In addition to Matt Keane, Kevin Thompson and Chris Peck and three youngsters Roddy Brown, Nic Tromp and Michael Eagar.
The match winner came from loyal club man Michele Zannoto in the 106th minute. Breaking down the left, Graham Little fired in a low cross behind Zannoto, who turned and lashed the ball inside Michael Utting’s near post from eight yards to win the cup for Rangers. Utting of course had been in goal for Miramar in the 1992 Chatham Cup Final in which they defeated Waikato United 3-1 at the Basin Reserve.
Instantly, Miramar’s bench raced onto the pitch, ecstatic in triumph, their 1-0 victory sealed by their very own "Supersub" to provide a fitting send-off for Coach Dave Farrington, taking charge of his last match in senior level soccer, and bowing out a winner.
Round 1Miramar 6-2 Marist
Round 2Miramar 5-0 Victoria University
Round 3Miramar 3-1 Napier City Rovers
Round 4Miramar 3-1 Wellington Olympic (AET)
Quarterfinal Miramar 2-1 Western
Semi-FinalsMiramar 1-0 Eastern Suburbs
FinalMiramar 1-0 Waitakere City (AET)
2010 FINAL
Miramar Rangers 3-1 Bay Olympic
Miramar Rangers claimed their fourth Chatham Cup after they defeated Bay Olympic 3-1 in the final of the 83rd Chatham Cup final at North Harbour Stadium on Sunday September 12th. Miramar took the lead in the 12thminute when Tim Schaeffers was first to react to a sweetly struck Darren Cheriton free kick that Bay Olympic goalkeeper Danny Robinson could save but not hold. Schaeffers’ defensive partner Campbell Parkin – who tasted Cup final defeat with Dunedin Technical two years ago – extended Rangers’ advantage eight minutes later with a fierce close range finish after Dominic Rowe headed a Garry McDermott corner into his path.
Bay Olympic pulled a goal back in the 34th minute via the head of Nathan Strom and carried the momentum into halftime and for twenty minutes after the break, but Michael White then streaked past Olympic left back Craig Wylie and made no mistake one on one with Robinson to make it 3-1 with 15 minutes to go. Olympic then earned a potential lifeline when Tim Schaeffers felled Joe Edwards in the box but Miramar keeper Phil Imray was more than equal to Nathan Strom’s firmly struck penalty, diving to his right and swatting the ball clear with his left hand to deflate a resurgent Auckland side and clinch Miramar’s fourth Chatham Cup title.
Round 1Miramar 9-0 Naenae
Round 2Miramar 3-2 Wairarapa United (AET)
Round 3Miramar 3-2 Lower Hutt City (AET)
Round 4Miramar 2-1 Napier City Rovers (AET)
Quarterfinal Miramar 3-1 Wellington United
Semi-FinalMiramar 2-1 East Coast Bays
FinalMiramar 3-1 Bay Olympic
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https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2023/01/international-friendly-uswnt-4-new-zealand-0-match-report-stats-standings
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en
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U.S. Women’s National Team Opens 2023 With 4-0 Win Against FIFA Women’s World Cup Co-Host New Zealand In Wellington
|
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2023-01-18T06:24:10
|
Forward Mallory Swanson Scored a Brace in her First Match Playing With Her Married Name;
Forward Trinity Rodman Became the Youngest Player to Tally Two Assists in a Single Match Since 2017;
Forward Alex Morgan Scores to Tie Record for Most Goals as a Mother in USWNT History;
Forward Lynn Williams Scores in Her First Appearance in 329 Days
|
en
|
https://www.ussoccer.com/stories/2023/01/international-friendly-uswnt-4-new-zealand-0-match-report-stats-standings
|
WELLINGTON/TE WHANGANUI-A-TARA, New Zealand (Jan. 18, 2023) – The U.S. Women’s National Team opened its 2023 schedule with a convincing 4-0 win against New Zealand in the first of two consecutive friendlies against the Football Ferns. A brace from forward Mallory Swanson along with goals from forwards Alex Morgan and Lynn Williams earned the USWNT its first win of the year as the team sets its sights on the 2023 FIFA Women’s World Cup in Australia and New Zealand this summer.
The crowd of 12,508 fans was the largest ever to watch the New Zealand Women’s National Team on home soil.
While the USA couldn’t create a goal in the first half against a Ferns team intent on shutting down space in its defensive third, the USA totally controlled the tempo from the start. The USA finished with 74% of possession as the Americans were patient in looking for ways to break down a solid and well-organized New Zealand defense. The Americans sent a warning message early as defender Emily Fox bolted down the right flank and played forward Midge Purce on an overlapping run. Purce sent a quick cross toward Morgan, but her header went just high and wide. The USA had another good chance in the 17th minute as midfielder Rose Lavelle dribbled out of pressure near the top of the box and fired a low shot across her body, but she didn’t fully connect the strike and it rolled out wide.
A minute later, Purce displayed some nice footwork as she dribbled into the box near the endline on the right side. She nutmegged her defender to create space and sent a low cross toward the heart of the box where midfielder Lindsey Horan connected with a shot from close range, but New Zealand goalkeeper Erin Nayler made a nice reflex save to deny the chance with a kick save. Purce then nearly scored one for the highlight reel as she shot from almost 25 yards out near the right sideline. Her strike sailed toward the back post and rattled off the left post, only to be cleared out for a corner kick. Soon after, the USA looked as if it had opened the scoring off a set piece from Swanson goal just before the halftime break, but it was waived off as Horan interfered with the play from an offside position.
The USA’s halftime adjustments proved to be extremely effective as the Americans put the game away quickly. Alana Cook entered for Naomi Girma, Sofia Huerta entered for Crystal Dunn, Andi Sullivan came on for Taylor Kornieck and Trinity Rodman came on for Purce. It only took seven minutes for Swanson to open the scoring as she sprinted into the box and connected with an excellent cross from Rodman to bury a powerful header from 12 yards out.
Morgan then doubled the lead in the 60th minute after Lavelle played her in on goal with a brilliant backheel pass to split two defenders into the penalty area, leaving the forward with a one-on-one chance against Nayler. Morgan then fired low from a tight angle to nutmeg the goalkeeper. With the goal, Morgan tallied her 13th career goal as a mom, tied with Joy Fawcett for the most goals by a mother in USWNT history.
Swanson struck again two minutes later, this time following a quick counter by the U.S. in which midfielder Ashley Sanchez, who came on in the 61st minute, played a long ball from just past midfield to the sprinting Swanson on a run up the middle of the pitch. She took a touch to round the goalkeeper toward the left and finished calmly from eight yards out for her second of the night.
Williams then added the finishing touch on the night just seven minutes after coming on as a substitute. Rodman controlled the ball off a throw-in from the right side and sent a cross into the box to Williams, who rose above her defender to connect with a header, lobbing the ball over the goalkeeper and into the net. Williams earned her first cap since the team’s SheBelieves Cup matchup against Iceland on Feb. 23, 2022, making her first appearance for the USA in 329 days.
The large New Zealand crowd was behind its team for the entire match, and had a few moments of excitement at the end as the Ferns created a shot and earned a corner kick, but the USA finished the match with a 15-2 shot margin against the hosts.
The USWNT will now travel back to Auckland/Tāmaki Makaurau to face New Zealand again at the famed Eden Park, New Zealand’s National Stadium. Kickoff for match is 4 p.m. NZT on Jan. 21 (10 p.m. ET on Jan. 20; HBO Max, Universo and Peacock)
GOAL SCORING RUNDOWN:
USA – Mallory Swanson (Trinity Rodman), 52nd minute – Rose Lavelle played Rodman out on the right wing after the U.S. recovered the ball in their own half. Rodman cut inside to get around her defender and sent a left footed cross into the box where Swanson crashed in and finished with a powerful header from 12 yards out to open the scoring. USA 1, NZL 0
USA – Alex Morgan (Rose Lavelle), 60th minute – Lavelle received the ball from Horan in the attacking third with her back to goal and played a clever back heel pass to play Morgan into the penalty box and slightly toward the left side. Morgan took a touch to goal and fired low to nutmeg the ‘keeper with her left foot. USA 2, NZL 0
USA – Mallory Swanson (Ashley Sanchez), 62nd minute – The U.S. countered quickly as Sanchez received a pass just past midfield on the right side and immediately sent a perfect through ball into Swanson’s path. Swanson took a touch to round the goalkeeper toward the left and finished calmly from eight yards out to score her second of the night. USA 3, NZL 0
USA – Lynn Williams (Trinity Rodman), 74th minute – Following a throw-in, Rodman controlled the ball and sent a curling cross into the box from just outside the right corner of the penalty box, where Williams rose above her defender to connect with a header, lobbing the ball over the goalkeeper and into the net. USA 4, NZL 0
ADDITIONAL NOTES:
Mallory Swanson’s goals marked her 26th and 27th career goals and the first under her married name.
Swanson now has goals in back-to-back games after scoring in the USA’s year-end win over Germany on Nov. 13. She also scored her first of a career-high seven goals for the USWNT in 2022 against New Zealand on Feb. 20 at the SheBelieves Cup.
Following her second goal, Swanson passed Lindsey Horan to take sole possession of 24th on the USA’s all-time scoring charts with 27 career goals. She now has nine goals in her last 16 caps after scoring 18 goals through her first 67 international appearances.
The match marked Swanson’s fourth career multi-goal game and first since the 2022 SheBelieves Cup finale vs. Iceland.
Trinity Rodman recorded her first and second career assists as she set up Swanson’s first goal and Williams’ lone goal.
At 20 years and 243 days of age, Rodman is the youngest player to have multiple assists for the USA in a single game since an 18-year-old Mallory Swanson had a pair of assists against Russia in 2017.
Morgan’s goal marked her 120th international goal and her eighth goal in nine career games against New Zealand.
Lynn Williams’ goal marked her 15th career goal and first since October 26, 2021, vs. Korea Republic.
Midfielder Taylor Kornieck made her first career start for the USWNT as she earned her eighth cap overall.
Goalkeeper Alyssa Naeher recorded her 51st career shutout.
Defender Crystal Dunn made her first start for the USWNT since September 16, 2021, as she earned her 127th cap for the USA. On Oct. 7, Dunn returned to the field for the USA for the first time since giving birth to her son Marcel in May of 2022. The 14th woman to play for the USWNT after becoming a mom, Dunn also came on as substitute in the USA’s Oct. 11 match in Spain and the Nov. 10 meeting with Germany in Ft. Lauderdale.
The USA and New Zealand have now played 20 times with USWNT leading the overall series 18-1-1. The lone loss for the Americans came in a 1-0 defeat during the first meeting between the teams on Dec. 15, 1987. Since then, the USA is unbeaten in the last 19 head-to-head matchups with the Football Ferns, scoring four or more goals in each of the last five meetings. The teams drew 1-1 during a friendly in October of 2013.
Since the start of 2020, the USWNT has played 33 matches in the United States and 19 outside the country. The USA is 30-1-2 in domestic matches and has outscored the opposition 130-6 (+124) at home and is 11-4-4 with a 39-16 goal margin (+23) when playing outside the USA.
-U.S. WOMEN’S NATIONAL TEAM MATCH REPORT-
Match: New Zealand vs. United States Women’s National Team
Date: January 18, 2023
Competition: International Friendly
Venue: Sky Stadium; Wellington, New Zealand
Attendance: 12,508
Kickoff: 4:05 p.m. Local; 10:05 p.m. ET on Jan. 17
Weather: 72 degrees; Sunny, Hot
Scoring Summary: 1 2 F
USA 0 4 4
NZL 0 0 0
USA – Mallory Swanson (Trinity Rodman) 52nd minute
USA – Alex Morgan (Rose Lavelle) 60
USA – Mallory Swanson (Ashley Sanchez) 63
USA – Lynn Williams (Trinity Rodman) 74
USA – Mallory Swanson (Trinity Rodman) 52nd minute
USA – Alex Morgan (Rose Lavelle) 60
USA – Mallory Swanson (Ashley Sanchez) 63
USA – Lynn Williams (Trinity Rodman) 74
Lineups:
USA: 1-Alyssa Naeher; 23-Emily Fox, 4-Becky Sauerbrunn (Capt.), 12-Naomi Girma (3-Alana Cook, 46), 19-Crystal Dunn (8-Sofia Huerta, 46); 20-Taylor Kornieck (17-Andi Sullivan, 46), 10-Lindsey Horan, 16-Rose Lavelle (2-Ashley Sanchez, 61); 11-Midge Purce (25-Trinity Rodman, 46), 13-Alex Morgan, 9-Mallory Swanson (6-Lynn Williams, 67)
Substitutes not used: 18-Casey Murphy, 21-Adrianna Franch, 5-Hailie Mace, 14-Emily Sonnett, 15-Sam Coffey, 22-Kristie Mewis
Did not dress: Ashley Hatch
Head coach: Vlatko Andonovski
NZL: 1-Erin Nayler; 7-Ali Riley (Capt.) (19-Liz Anton, 61), 9-Gabi Rennie, 11-Olivia Chance, 12-Betsy Hassett, 15-Daisy Cleverley (33-Grace Wisnewski, 71), 25-Grace Jale (13-Paige Satchell, 61), 28-Ava Collins (27-Indiah-Paige Riley, 46), 30-Ashleigh Ward (24-Ally Green, 77), 31-Anna Green, 35-Grace Neville (18-Mackenzie Barry, 77)
Substitutes not used: 21-Murphy Sheaff, 16-Emma Rolston, 20-Jana Radosavljevic, 23-Brianna Edwards, 32-Aniela Jensen, 34-Tayla O’brien, 37-Rebecca Lake
Head Coach: Jitka Klimkov
Stats Summary: USA / NZL
Shots: 15 / 2
Shots on Goal: 8 / 1
Saves: 1 / 2
Corner Kicks: 3 / 1
Fouls: 3 / 6
Offside: 6 / 0
Misconduct Summary:
N/A
Officials:
Referee: Kate Jacewicz (AUS)
Assistant Referee 1: Sarah Ho (AUS)
Assistant Referee 2: Lauren Hargrave (AUS)
4th Official: Lara Lee (AUS)
|
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4946
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| 57 |
https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/494023/fifa-world-cup-the-groups
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en
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FIFA World Cup, the groups
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2023-07-19T04:58:25+12:00
|
Australia and New Zealand won the right to host the ninth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup following a vote in 2020.
|
en
|
/x/favicons/apple-icon-57x57-410f821b00f104d8730ab5563b818f160bee9331d0951ef56178a59f68890eb3.png
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RNZ
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https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/sport/494023/fifa-world-cup-the-groups
|
Australia and New Zealand won the right to host the ninth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup following a vote in 2020.
It is the first time that multiple countries have hosted the tournament and the first time it's been held in the Southern Hemisphere.
The 2023 tournament has broken the record for tickets sold with almost 1.5 million expected to watch games across Australia and New Zealand.
Around 100,000 combined fans will attend the event's opening-day matches, when New Zealand play 1995 winners Norway at Eden Park and Australia face the Republic of Ireland at Stadium Australia.
The 32 teams are divided into eight groups of four.
The top two from each group will qualify for the round of 16 with knockout games to be played from then.
Group A (world ranking)
New Zealand (26)
Norway (12)
Philippines (46)
Switzerland (20)
Norway are favourites to top the group, the highest ranked team in the group has played at all eight World Cups winning in 1995 and beaten in the final of the inaugural event in 1991. The two-time European champions have declined since then but still managed to reach the quarter-finals at the last tournament. Switzerland are a team on the rise and will be expecting to progress from the group. New Zealand has struggled to score goals in recent matches, but with a big crowd behind them a couple of draws and a win over The Philippines would put them in contention for the next round. The Philippines will play in their first World Cup, having made the Asian Cup semi-finals last year.
Group A matches: (NZ time)
20 July 7pm New Zealand v Norway, Eden Park, Auckland
21 July 5pm Philippines v Switzerland, Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin
25 July 5:30pm New Zealand v Philippines, Wellington Regional Stadium, Wellington
8pm Switzerland v Norway, Waikato Stadium, Hamilton
30 July 7pm Switzerland v New Zealand, Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin
7pm Norway v Philippines, Eden Park, Auckland
Group B
Australia (10)
Republic of Ireland (22)
Nigeria (40)
Canada (7)
Canada are the Olympic champions and enter this tournament as one of the teams to watch with captain and striker Christine Sinclair their greatest ever player with more than 300 caps and five World Cups under her belt. With star striker Sam Kerr up front, the Matilda's will be planning a top finish at the tournament they're co-hosting. Their best results were quarter-finals appearances in 2007, 2011 and 2015. Australia beat England 2-0 in April and with regular games against the top sides they'll go into the tournament in good form. Republic of Ireland and Nigeria will both be out to cause a couple of upsets.
Group B matches:
July 20 10pm Australia vs. Rep. of Ireland, Sydney
July 21 2:30pm Nigeria vs. Canada, Melbourne
July 26 10pm Canada vs. Rep. of Ireland, Perth
July 27 10pm Australia vs. Nigeria, Brisbane
July 31 10pm Canada vs. Australia, Melbourne
10pm Rep. of Ireland vs. Nigeria, Brisbane
Group C
Spain (6)
Costa Rica (36)
Zambia (77)
Japan (11)
Spain are an improving side and are led by Ballon d'Or winner Alexia Putellas of Barcelona, who's coming back from an ACL injury that forced her out of the 2022 Euro campaign where they reached the quarter-finals. Japan are the other side expected to qualify from the group after winning the tournament in 2011 and finishing runners-up in 2015. Costa Rica are making their second appearance at the final, having failed to get out of group play in 2015, while Zambia are making their debut.
Group C matches
July 21 7:30pm Spain vs. Costa Rica, Wellington
July 22 7pm Zambia vs Japan, Hamilton
July 26 7:30 Spain vs. Zambia, Auckland
July 26 5pm Japan vs. Costa Rica, Dunedin
July 31 7pm Japan vs Spain, Wellington
7pm Costa Rica vs. Zambia, Hamilton
Group D
England (4)
Haiti (53)
Denmark (13)
China (14)
The Lionesses were the inform team of 2022, going unbeaten and winning Euro 2022. That form has continued this year although they have suffered injuries to key players Beth Mead, Leah Williamson and Fran Kirby, who have been ruled out of the tournament. England are still contenders and won't have any problems moving out of the group. China and Denmark will be battling for the second spot... China are Asian Cup champions, while Denmark are returning to the finals for the first time sine 1995.
Group D matches:
July 22 9:30pm England vs. Haiti, Brisbane
July 22 10pm Denmark vs. China, Perth
July 28 8:30pm England vs Denmark, Sydney
July 28 10:30pm China vs Haiti, Adelaide
Aug. 1 10:30pm China vs. England, Adelaide
10:30pm Haiti vs. Denmark, Perth
Group E
United States (1)
Vietnam (32)
Netherlands (9)
Portugal (21)
The United States will be favourites to win their third successive title. The majority of their players compete in the National Women's Soccer League with many of them having more than a hundred caps. The interesting game in the group is the top ranked Americans against the Netherlands, a repeat of the 2019 Wold Cup final which the USA won 2-0. Since then the Dutch were quarter-finalists at Euro 2022 and remain a force in Europe. Portugal are making their World Cup debut but will have good memories of playing down-under beating New Zealand 5-0 earlier this year before winning the World Cup inter-continental play-off in Hamilton. Vietnam are making their World Cup finals debut.
Group E matches
July 22 1pm USA v Vietnam, Auckland
July 23 7:30pm Netherlands v Portugal, Dunedin
July 27 1pm USA v Netherlands, Wellington
July 27 7:30pm Portugal v Vietnam, Hamilton
Aug 1 7pm Portugal v USA, Auckland
7pm Vietnam v Netherlands, Dunedin
Group F
France (5)
Jamaica (43)
Brazil (8)
Panama (52)
France has gone through some turmoil in recent times with the sacking of coach Corrine Diacre after a player revolt with Hervē Renard, who led Saudi Arabia to an upset win over Argentina at last year's men's World Cup, taking over. Their best result was fourth in 2011 and they'll be aiming for a place in the semi-finals. Brazil will test all the top teams and have an experienced striker in 37 year old Marta, who will be playing her sixth World Cup. They arrive here as South American champions. Jamaica lost all three games at their only other World Cup appearance in 2019, but are on the improve under captain Khadija Shaw who topped the scoring for her English club Manchester City last season. Panama are making their debut at the tournament.
Group F matches:
July 23 10pm France v Jamaica, Sydney
July 24 10:30pm Brazil v Panama, Adelaide
July 29 10pm France v Brazil, Brisbane
July 29 8:30pm Panama v Jamaica, Perth
Aug 2 10pm Panama v France, Sydney
10pm Jamaica v Brazil, Melbourne
Group G
Sweden (3)
South Africa (54)
Italy (16)
Argentina (28)
Sweden have been a force in the women's game for many years, they were World Cup runners-up in 2003 and European champions in 1984. Sweden has climbed to number three in the world rankings on the back of successive runners-up at the last two Olympics and finishing fourth at last year's European Championship.
They're clear group favourites from Italy, who topped their qualifying group, while Argentina are yet to win a game in three appearances at the finals, while South Africa are playing their second tournament and arrive here as African champions.
Group G matches:
July 23 5pm Sweden v South Africa, Wellington
July 24 6pm Italy v Argentina, Auckland
July 28 12pm Argentina v South Africa, Dunedin
July 29 7:30pm Sweden v Italy, Wellington
Aug 2 7pm Argentina v Sweden, Hamilton
7pm South Africa v Italy, Wellington
Group H
Germany (2)
Morocco (72)
Colombia (25)
South Korea (17)
After finishing runners-up at the 2022 European Championship, Germany have a largely unchanged side for the World Cup where they hope to make amends for their early exit four years ago when they were beaten in the quarter-finals. The Germans have a number of influential players including captain Alexandra Popp and midfielder Lena Oberdorf. The draw will be interesting as Germany, two-time champions in 2003 and 2007, have lost to the eventual winners on five occasions.
Asian Cup runners-up South Korea and Copa America runners-up Colombia will battle for the other qualifying spot from the group.
Group H matches:
July 24 8:30pm Germany v Morocco, Melbourne
July 25 2pm Colombia v South Korea, Sydney
July 30 9:30pm Germany v Colombia, Sydney
July 30 4pm South Korea v Morocco, Adelaide
Aug 3 8pm Morocco v Colombia, Perth
10pm South Korea v Germany, 10pm
|
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https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/rugby/all-blacks/all-blacks-v-argentina-scott-robertson-names-squad-for-rugby-championship-test-in-wellington/CAIIDAGV2JGX7NRAW7ZK65ZVK4/
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All Blacks v Argentina: Scott Robertson names squad for Rugby Championship test in Wellington
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2024-08-08T01:00:00+00:00
|
Will Jordan will make his All Blacks return from the bench, with the electric outside back named among the reserves for Saturday night’s Rugby Championship...
|
en
|
/pf/resources/images/favicons/favicon.ico?d=808
|
NZ Herald
|
https://www.nzherald.co.nz/sport/rugby/all-blacks/all-blacks-v-argentina-scott-robertson-names-squad-for-rugby-championship-test-in-wellington/CAIIDAGV2JGX7NRAW7ZK65ZVK4/
|
All Blacks 1-15: Ethan de Groot, Codie Taylor, Tyrel Lomax, Tupou Vaa’i, Sam Darry, Ethan Blackadder, Dalton Papali’i, Ardie Savea (c), TJ Perenara, Damian McKenzie, Mark Tele’a, Jordie Barrett, Anton Lienert-Brown, Sevu Reece, Beauden Barrett.Reserves: Asafo Aumua, Ofa Tu’ungafasi, Fletcher Newell, Josh Lord, Wallace Sititi, Cortez Ratima, Rieko Ioane, Will Jordan.
Liam Napier assesses the challenging calls facing Scott Robertson and his coaching team.
Halfback:
This is where the most definitive change has emerged in Scott Robertson’s budding tenure. Finlay Christie has fallen out of favour – and there is more movement to come this year, too, once Cam Roigard returns from injury. For now, though, Chiefs halfback Cortez Ratima is in the box seat to retain the starting mantle.
The All Blacks started the year harnessing TJ Perenara’s experience for their shaky season-opening victory against England in Dunedin.
Perenara, in his first test for 18 months after battling back from successive Achilles surgeries, performed well before injuring his knee late in the first half which ruled him out for the remainder of the July tests. In Perenara’s absence, Ratima stole the march.
With an impressive debut off the bench at Eden Park and, after being promoted to start in San Diego, Ratima’s speed to the base and crisp delivery proved a notable point of difference.
Ratima suffered a head knock against Fiji but, provided he has recovered, he should retain the No 9 jersey for the Pumas as his style suits the All Blacks attacking approach.
Perenara’s contrasting size and experience could be favoured over Noah Hotham on the bench for his likely second to last test in Wellington before departing to Japan at the end of the year.
Fullback:
Will Jordan or Beauden Barrett?
Damian McKenzie put it best this week when he compared Jordan to a luxury Italian sports car.
“He’s looking great, Will. He’s like the Ferrari, you bring him out of the garage at the right time,” McKenzie said.
“He’s ready to go. It’s great to see him play some NPC last weekend with Tasman and great to have him back out there running. It’s been a long time since the World Cup so we’re excited to have him back.”
Indeed, the All Blacks aren’t alone in their anticipation to witness Jordan unchained.
Stephen Perofeta’s unavailability due to a calf strain – the Blues playmaker started the first two tests this year at fullback – seemingly paves the way for a straight shootout between Jordan and Barrett to start in the backfield.
Hurricanes attacking weapon Ruben Love is another option but, for now at least, he may be kept on ice.
With two exceptional performances off the bench against England, Barrett put the new All Blacks regime on notice that he is far from a spent force. He earned a start at fullback against Fiji – and could be retained there this week, with Jordan’s generational talent potentially eased back into the test scene from the bench.
Robertson has, however, made no secret that, on his watch, Jordan is a fullback first, wing second, to signal a significant shift after starting one of his previous 31 tests in his favoured 15 jersey.
While Jordan’s attacking prowess is renowned, Barrett’s visionary kicking skill sparked the All Blacks last month to underline the influence of the boot in the elite arena.
Left wing also warrants a robust debate with Caleb Clarke deserving of another start. The All Blacks were vulnerable to the cross-field kick against England, conceding two tries in this fashion. Clarke’s unrivalled aerial ability could help address this area - potentially at Sevu Reece’s expense.
Lock:
A genuine concern for the All Blacks. Scott Barrett’s absence for the two home Pumas tests exacerbates a lack of established second-row depth. As the most experienced pairing, Patrick Tuipulotu and Tupou Vaa’i are expected to join forces this weekend. The third spot is, however, problematic with Blues lock Sam Darry believed to be carrying an injury following his debut off the bench against Fiji.
Undercooked Chiefs lock Josh Lord is training with the All Blacks and could, potentially, be included on the bench but he is shorn of match fitness after one preseason outing for Taranaki in recent months. With the lineout a major issue in the two tests against England, the All Blacks’ thin locking stocks once again shines a spotlight on this essential set piece platform.
Loose forwards:
Ardie Savea will captain the team from No 8 in Scott Barrett’s absence, and the All Blacks are unlikely to have seen enough from Ethan Blackadder’s start at openside against Fiji to dislodge Dalton Papali’i from returning for the Pumas. Blindside, though, is a live debate.
The All Blacks favoured Samipeni Finau for their desired enforcer role against England. While Finau didn’t replicate the physicality he imposed on Super Rugby opposition with the Chiefs this year – no one in the All Blacks pack emerged with dominant status against England.
Finau, Luke Jacobson and Blackadder will contest the right to start at No 6 against the Pumas. Jacobson impressed there with the best performance from the All Blacks loose forwards against Fiji to apply serious pressure but in terms of balance, Finau appeals with Papali’i and Jacobson offering similar traits.
Robertson’s selection at blindside will test his faith in Finau’s ability to rise to the occasion. The composition of the bench sparks interest, too, with Wallace Sititi’s powerhouse point of difference pushing for inclusion and Sam Cane lurking with intent.
Midfield:
Jordie Barrett and Rieko Ioane are favoured to maintain their incumbent partnership but after recalling David Havili, the All Blacks now have five midfielders in their squad. Anton Lienert-Brown and Billy Proctor delivered dominant displays against Fiji to send a message that they are not content playing bit part roles. Ioane in particular is under pressure to respond to Proctor’s silky distribution.
Follow live updates of All Blacks v Argentina at nzherald.co.nz
|
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4946
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dbpedia
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3
| 14 |
https://facts.net/lifestyle/sports/wellington-phoenix-fc-13-football-club-facts/
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en
|
Wellington Phoenix FC: 13 Football Club Facts
|
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[
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2023-12-22T23:01:13+08:00
|
Discover 13 fascinating facts about Wellington Phoenix FC, from its founding in 2007 to its passionate fanbase and notable achievements on the football field.
|
en
|
https://facts.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/fac-icon.ico
|
Facts.net
|
https://facts.net/lifestyle/sports/wellington-phoenix-fc-13-football-club-facts/
|
Wellington Phoenix FC was established in 2007.
Founded in 2007, Wellington Phoenix FC is a professional football club based in Wellington, New Zealand. They compete in the Australian A-League, making them the only New Zealand team to participate in the top-flight Australian league.
The team’s home ground is Sky Stadium.
Sky Stadium, formerly known as Westpac Stadium, is the primary home ground of Wellington Phoenix FC. Located in Wellington, the stadium has a seating capacity of approximately 34,500, providing an electric atmosphere for the team’s matches.
Wellington Phoenix FC is nicknamed “The Nix”.
The Wellington Phoenix FC is commonly referred to as “The Nix”. This nickname reflects the team’s connection to the capital city of New Zealand, where “Nix” is a shortened form of “Phoenix. The fans proudly chant “Go Nix!” during matches to support their beloved team.
The team’s colors are black and yellow.
Wellington Phoenix FC’s colors are black and yellow, which are prominently featured in the team’s home and away kits. The black represents strength and determination, while the yellow symbolizes energy and vitality.
Wellington Phoenix FC has had several notable players.
Over the years, Wellington Phoenix FC has been home to several talented players, including former New Zealand national team captain Andrew Durante, prolific striker Roy Krishna, and midfield maestro Ulises Dávila. These players have made significant contributions to the team’s success on the field.
The team’s biggest rival is Melbourne Victory.
Wellington Phoenix FC shares a fierce rivalry with Melbourne Victory, another team competing in the Australian A-League. Matches between the two teams are highly anticipated, with passionate fans creating an intense atmosphere both at home and away.
Wellington Phoenix FC has qualified for the A-League finals multiple times.
Throughout their history, Wellington Phoenix FC has achieved success in the Australian A-League by qualifying for the finals on multiple occasions. This demonstrates the team’s consistency and competitiveness in the league.
The team is known for its attacking style of play.
Wellington Phoenix FC is renowned for its exciting and attacking style of play. The team prioritizes fluid passing, offensive creativity, and high-intensity pressing, which often leads to thrilling matches for both players and fans alike.
The club’s mascot is a Phoenix bird.
The Wellington Phoenix FC’s mascot is a Phoenix bird, which represents rebirth and immortality. The mascot adds an element of fun and entertainment to matchdays, engaging with fans and creating an enjoyable experience for all attendees.
Wellington Phoenix FC has a dedicated fan base.
Wellington Phoenix FC boasts a loyal and passionate fan base, known for their unwavering support throughout the season. The team’s supporters, often referred to as “The Yellow Fever,” create an electric atmosphere at matches, cheering on the players with unbridled enthusiasm.
Wellington Phoenix FC promotes youth development.
The club places a strong emphasis on youth development, nurturing young talent from the local area and providing them with opportunities to progress in their football careers. The Wellington Phoenix Academy plays a crucial role in identifying and developing future stars.
Wellington Phoenix FC actively contributes to the community.
Wellington Phoenix FC is committed to making a positive impact in the community. Through various initiatives, including charity partnerships and grassroots programs, the club strives to use football as a tool for social development and cohesion.
Wellington Phoenix FC has a dedicated women’s team.
In addition to the men’s team, Wellington Phoenix FC also has a dedicated women’s team that competes in the New Zealand National Women’s League. This demonstrates the club’s commitment to promoting gender equality and providing equal opportunities for female players.
Conclusion
Wellington Phoenix FC is a fascinating football club with a rich history and a dedicated fan base. From its humble beginnings to becoming the only New Zealand team competing in the Australian A-League, the club has made a significant impact on the football landscape.
With a strong squad of talented players, a renowned manager, and the unwavering support of its fans, Wellington Phoenix FC continues to strive for success in every competition they participate in. Whether it’s their distinctive yellow and black kit or their passionate chants echoing through the stadium, the club has created a unique identity that is cherished by both players and fans alike.
As Wellington Phoenix FC continues to evolve and grow, there is no doubt that the club will continue to leave a lasting legacy in the world of football.
FAQs
1. When was Wellington Phoenix FC established?
Wellington Phoenix FC was established in 2007.
2. Which league does Wellington Phoenix FC compete in?
Wellington Phoenix FC competes in the Australian A-League.
3. Are there any notable players who have played for Wellington Phoenix FC?
Yes, there have been several notable players who have represented Wellington Phoenix FC, including Paul Ifill, Shane Smeltz, and Roy Krishna.
4. What is the home stadium of Wellington Phoenix FC?
Wellington Phoenix FC plays its home matches at the Sky Stadium in Wellington, New Zealand.
5. How many times has Wellington Phoenix FC won the A-League?
As of now, Wellington Phoenix FC has not won the A-League title.
6. What is the team’s nickname?
Wellington Phoenix FC is commonly known as the “Nix”.
7. Does Wellington Phoenix FC have a youth academy?
Yes, Wellington Phoenix FC has a youth academy that develops young talents for the club.
8. Who is the current manager of Wellington Phoenix FC?
The current manager of Wellington Phoenix FC is Ufuk Talay.
9. What are the team’s primary colors?
The primary colors of Wellington Phoenix FC are yellow and black.
10. How many times has Wellington Phoenix FC qualified for the A-League finals?
Wellington Phoenix FC has qualified for the A-League finals on multiple occasions.
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4946
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dbpedia
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0
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https://www.facebook.com/groups/738220766549920/
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Facebook
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Sieh dir auf Facebook Beiträge, Fotos und vieles mehr an.
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https://static.xx.fbcdn.net/rsrc.php/yb/r/hLRJ1GG_y0J.ico
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4946
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dbpedia
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3
| 43 |
https://www.wellingtoncollege.org.uk/co-curricular/sport/sport-choices/
|
en
|
Wellington College
|
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2023-09-28T09:34:48+00:00
|
en
|
Wellington College
|
https://www.wellingtoncollege.org.uk/co-curricular/sport/sport-choices/
|
Ultimately, we want the sports choices available to pupils to provide a meaningful range.
Practically, pupils select at least one sporting activity each term (Core choice), but can choose up to two (Core + an Option choice), or sometimes more, for example where pupils may choose to do some winter training in a summer sport or attend an extra racket-based sport. Some sports offered are term specific e.g. Athletics in the summer term.
We would generally encourage pupils to take part in different sports across the three terms (largely with winter and summer seasons in sports), until they progress to 5th form and above, where they are able to begin to specialise.
Whilst it is not compulsory for pupils to do a specific sport each term, we do strongly encourage pupils, especially in the lower school, to consider choosing a Tier 1 sport for at least 2 of the 3 terms (the Tier system of sports by terms is explained below), as we continue to value both the sporting and wholistic benefits that team sports and competitive sport offer. However, ultimately, we want the sports choices available to pupils to provide a meaningful range.
3rd and 4th form pupils will ideally take part in a minimum of 3 sports, 5th form 2 sports and only in the 6th form can pupils begin to narrow down to 1 sport. The Tier system of sports by terms, does allow pupils to select the same team sport for multiple terms in some instances, which we believe is valuable in keeping pupils involved in a team sport they enjoy, however, where a sport is not Tier 1, there would not be regular fixture and the focus is likely to be more developmental.
Athletics is one of the main summer sports at Wellington, offering a full range of track and field coaching to girls and boys of all age groups.
We benefit from exceptional facilities including a beautifully maintained grass track on the ‘Rockies’ sports ground in the centre of College. The programme enables pupils to try all the events and represent the College in competitions both home and away. Wellington has a superb athletics coaching team, including pro-coaching staff and teaching staff with experience at club and university competition level. Our coaches foster a warm and friendly environment, providing coaching and development across all ages, from grass roots level to more advanced elite skills. In Athletics we try to encourage every pupil to discover their potential, whatever level they might be.
The College engages in a regular programme of competition throughout the summer term, both at Inter-School and representative level, competing against a variety of schools across the South East, alongside regional and county events. The athletics provision is twofold, encouraging an enjoyment of the sport from all ability levels and challenging our elite athletes with specialised training and support. The emphasis is on technical skill, fitness and fun. The College’s outstanding indoor facilities enable pupils to benefit from winter training, available throughout the Michaelmas and Lent terms offering year-round coaching and specialised support to our athletes. In the summer term training takes place midweek, with fixtures on a Saturday.
The College has excellent links with local athletics clubs and encourages pupils to attend external training sessions where desired. Strength and conditioning training is also integrated within the College’s athletics training programme.
Badminton operates throughout all three terms at Wellington and is offered to boys and girls in all years at the College. We have an excellently equipped sports hall at Newsome Hall with access to four or eight courts at a time, enabling flexibility when required for large fixtures or inter-house competitions.
The College has one mixed U18 team, open to all year groups by ability, and also plays U16 fixtures against certain schools. Badminton is one of the most inclusive sports at Wellington, with training sessions and fixtures in which girls and boys from third form to sixth form can play alongside and against each other.
A professional coach leads sessions, with support from teachers, including those who have played at university and club level. Players benefit from a well-structured mix of small group and one-to-one coaching during training sessions, with plenty of time for casual games and more structured competition.
Basketball at Wellington is a thriving sport. As well as U14, U15, U16 and U18 boys teams there is also a senior girls team. In the past few years we have had pre-season tours to Valencia and Barcelona in October half term.
In early January we host an annual senior Interschool tournament with 8-10 teams from Independent schools participating. We are lucky to be able to use the double-sided sports hall and excellent facilities to their maximum capacity. Wellington won the tournament in 2020 and the senior boys team went on to have an undefeated season.
We are blessed with both experienced internal and external coaches. Some of our top players also go onto to play for local club sides. Senior players occupy leadership roles and help in the progression of junior players.
A dinner and presentation evening at the end of the season adds to the friendly and supportive atmosphere of the sport.
Cricket is a major summer sport at Wellington and is offered to both boys and girls at the College. The College has unrivalled cricket facilities with a magnificent main pitch that is the envy of many.
We regularly field twelve boys teams on Saturdays (with many girls playing in boys teams too) and play on a highly competitive circuit. We currently have a Junior (U14/U15) indoor girls team in the winter and three girls teams in the summer, two Junior (U15/U14) and one senior team (U18). We benefit from nine outstanding grass pitches, four bespoke indoor cricket nets, a number of newly renovated outdoor artificial nets and 14 grass practice wickets.
The standard of coaching is second to none, with two ECB Level 4 qualified coaches on the Common Room. The Common Room also comprises a number of ex-county players who bring a huge deal of professional experience to Wellington cricket. We are also delighted to have our Head of Girls Sport Development, who is a current women’s county cricketer, leading our girls cricket provision. Pupils wanting to develop their cricket can benefit from a twelve month holistic training programme, that focuses on individual skill development and tactical awareness amongst other key cricketing attributes.
Specialist professional coaches are integrated into the programme as and when required throughout the year, allowing specific and personal development in all skills. Strength and Conditioning support is also available at the College.
The boys 1st XI also regularly tour abroad in an attempt to develop players’ cricketing skills in different, less familiar environments, as well as taking part in the National T20 competition and in an end of term festival, along with Sedbergh, Oakham & Brighton. Our girls teams compete in the County and National indoor competition, along with the County outdoor competition and U18 100 Bal National Competition.
In the summer all College cricketers train during the week and play fixtures on a Saturday (with some mid-week fixtures too, dependent on Cup draws etc and most of our Girls fixtures are currently on a Thursday). There are also more specialist sessions run, allowing cricketers to work on specific technical aspects of their cricket.
The College is also linked with external pro-coaching organisations and additional 1 to 1 coaching is available throughout the year, although there is an additional cost involved with this for parents. The College is also very pleased to have excellent working relationships with a number of local counties, including Surrey, Middlesex, Hampshire and Berkshire. The College has a very flexible approach to allowing pupils to attend County training sessions and would encourage these where possible to further support and challenge pupils.
Fencing at Wellington College has a very long history and dates back to it’s earliest days.
Arthur Wellesley, the First Duke of Wellington, and in whose honour the College was founded, is quoted in a letter to Major-Gen. Sir Henry Torrens on the 25th Nov., 1817. ” I conceive that nothing can be more desirable than to teach officers and soldiers the use of the sword…I therefore think the knowledge of the use of the sword, or the science of fencing, is essentially necessary to every officer who is to wear one.”
In modern times, fencing has evolved into three main divisions each with a different type of sword; Epee, Foil and Sabre.
At Wellington, we encourage pupils of all ages, boys and girls, to learn all 3 disciplines although some of our squad prefer to specialise in just one. Lessons take place three times each week and continue throughout the school year. We train and compete in the recently built Robin Dyer Centre and are fortunate to have our own Fencing Salle.
Training with a real weapon is obviously a dangerous activity. However, with full safety clothing and equipment, backed up with discipline and a strong code of conduct, the sport is very safe. Fencing is a true test of character and self confidence.
Fixtures against other schools provide the experience all our fencers need to develop and grow in stature. Our leading fencers are invited to attend the annual Public Schools Championships at the end of the Spring Term.
Wellington College Football Club (WCFC) is growing rapidly and offers an opportunity for all girls and boys to play the game we love and to progress as footballers, whilst also providing the chance to perform in a suitably competitive and supportive environment. As well as being a major sport option in the Lent Term, for both girls and boys, we also run development squads across all age groups in the Michaelmas Term, again for both girls and boys.
We enjoy the use of wonderful facilities on Turf and Derby Field, not to mention the 3G surfaces for occasional “Friday Night Lights” fixtures for our senior boys. We regularly field ten teams on Saturdays in Lent and five teams in Michaelmas, play a fixture card that includes schools from both the independent and the maintained sector, to ensure challenging and enjoyable games. We are also fully-fledged members of ISFA (the Independent Schools Football Association) and enter boys’ teams in both the U18 and U15 Cup competitions, playing against the very best schools in the country. We also have players who have represented ISFA schools’ sides at U18 level in the past few years and hope to match our provision for boys with the same level of opportunity for girls in the coming seasons.
Thanks to the continuing improvement in the coaching provision in the club, all boys and girls benefit from a structured training programme that focuses on technical and tactical development, whilst also encouraging all players to develop the mental attributes necessary to perform in competitive games. Above all, however, there is the chance for everyone who wants to play to represent the College in our weekend block fixtures and enjoy playing our national game.
Coaching is led by Steve Peters, once of Southampton and Bristol Rovers, who now runs the Evo Soccer Academy, based here in Berkshire. Alongside him, we have members of the Common Room who are UEFA and FA trained, and who are passionate about the game, bringing a huge deal of experience to Wellington football. To support pupils’ development there is also additional specialist positional coaching available throughout the year, nurturing the awareness and skills of those who want to play at a more competitive level.
For the past few years, a senior boys’ team has regularly toured overseas and future plans include a domestic tour for junior boys’ teams, as well as continuing development of our European tours for senior boys. In time, we hope to tour with a girls’ side too, offering girls the same opportunities as the boys. We have an association with Sotosoccer, based in Sotogrande, Spain, and their connections with Real Betis Balompie, of the Primera Liga, mean that our tours include competitive games against teams from their feeder clubs in Seville, as well as training sessions run by coaches from Real Betis, not to mention matches against full youth Real Betis.
The Football Club is also looking to enhance working relationships with a number of footballing bodies in the area, in order to further improve our coaching provision and links to the wider sporting community. The College has a very flexible approach to allowing pupils to attend representative training sessions and encourage these where possible, asking that those who are members of clubs or representative sides outside of College keep us informed of their successes!
Hockey is a major sports option for the girls in Michaelmas term and the boys in the Lent term. In addition to our field hockey provision we also run an indoor hockey programme in the Michaelmas term for both boys and girls. We have two fantastic synthetic surfaces and a fully equipped state of the art indoor facility that are the envy of many schools. We have a vastly experienced coaching staff including past and current internationals that has enabled us to become one of the premier co-educational hockey schools in the country. We compete regularly for national titles and our girls have won four in the past five years and we are extremely competitive in both the girls and the boys game.
We provide a year round offering of hockey is some shape or form that allows our pupils to develop in both a team and individual capacity. With our elite players we provide a pathway that fits with the England Hockey Single System and has flexibility depending on individual players needs and development. Our focus is however on the entire club and we strive to provide equal opportunities to all players at every level. Our strength and depth is second to none and we are proud of all of our hockey sides that represent the college.
We regularly tour as a hockey club and we look to make these opportunities open to both senior and junior pupils. We recently took four teams (senior & junior boys and girls) on a tour of Holland and have plans to take a co-educational tour to South Africa in the coming years.
The college has strong links with a number of clubs with the primary link being Surbiton Hockey Club. Surbiton are arguably the strongest junior club in the country. Pupils of all ages regularly train at Surbiton and transport is subsidised by the college. We believe that this enhances and works well alongside our school programme and enables students with an experience that is likely to encourage them to continue playing hockey beyond Wellington.
As a Pentathlon GB Academy, Wellington College is gaining a reputation for top-class coaching and for the inclusive nature of its outreach programme.
Modern Pentathlon consists of five sports: Swimming, Fencing (épée), Show Jumping and Laser Run (running and shooting combined). At Wellington College, students have the option to train for Modern Pentathlon in its varying disciplines, which allows them to train at their own level. Students can train in Laser Run, Modern Triathlon (Swimming and Laser Run), Modern Tetrathlon (Laser Run, Swimming and Fencing) or Full Modern Pentathlon.
Modern Pentathlon was invented by the founder of the modern-day Olympics, Baron Pierre de Coubetin, to crown the best all-round athlete at the Olympic Games. For this reason, it is the perfect sport for all-round sports people, those who want to participate in a variety of sports, and those who like a challenge.
The Academy is directed by Colin Smith, who is current Chairman and Development Officer for Pentathlon GB South. Colin has been around high level sport all his life having been a professional footballer for 15 years and in subsequent years, has coached in many sports, especially swimming, to very high standards. The introduction of Talent Identification in Modern Pentathlon was pioneered by Colin, leading to numerous individuals joining the Pathway to the top!
Laser Run, Fencing and Swimming are delivered on site by the respective coaches whilst Riding is delivered offsite at Wellington Riding Stables. As the College is host to our Pentathlon GB Academy, we are closely linked to the Pentathlon GB English Talent Pathway. This is a direct association, an open door, with the higher levels in Modern Pentathlon. Our aim at Wellington is to help the athlete travel as far down the pathway as they possibly can!
Our Academy at Wellington offers an outreach programme to many of our local schools, offering training opportunities both in their own grounds or at Wellington via training events and small competitions.
Success stories include Becky Storer, who attended Pentathlon GB Youth Team training camps whilst at Wellington and went on to gain her first international call up at the start of her second year at Wellington.
Netball is a major lent sports option and is offered to all year groups, as well as in Michaelmas by invitation. The College has unrivalled netball facilities with the Robin Dyer Netball Tennis and Cricket centre housing two indoor plexipave courts as well as 5 outdoor courts. We regularly field 18 teams on Saturdays and play on a highly competitive circuit. Thanks to the indoor facilities, pupils are able to train throughout the year and out of the typical lent term weather conditions!
The standard of coaching is second to none, with many experienced school coaches and strong links with Berkshire netball coaching, but moreover the Common Room also comprises a number of current and ex superleague netball players and many staff passionate about the game who bring a huge deal of experience to Wellington netball.
For the past decade, Wellington has often reached regional netball finals in at least one age group, often two and has reached national finals five times, finishing 3rd in the country at U14 and 3rd at U19 level being the highest achievement to date.
The College is also very pleased to have excellent working relationships with a number of local clubs, including those in Surrey, Hampshire and Berkshire, among others. The College has a very flexible approach to allowing pupils to attend external training sessions and would encourage these where possible for player development and deal with logistics on an individual basis.
Polo at Wellington caters for all levels, from beginners to keen club-level players.
The players will have the opportunity to train together up to twice a week with coaches who are HPA qualified, who also play, train and coach Polo professionally. Throughout the arena season we are based at Emsworth Polo Grounds hiring ponies from La Mariposa and throughout the summer season we will be based at Pangbourne Polo Club.
We hold regular fixtures for both the arena season and the grass season with Harrow and Eton as well as playing the local SUPA tournaments. We hold The Copenhagen Cup during the Summer Term alongside the team at Guards Polo Club. We invite top schools to participate in this two-day fixture which is finalised with a beautiful awards ceremony at the Guards Polo Clubhouse.
Andrew Hine will be leading the training and development of Polo from 2024. Andrew has played at the highest level of polo, captaining England from 1999 to 2003, as well as being England Team Manager for 5 years, overseeing many team victories including winning the Westchester Cup in Palm Beach in 2009 and four out of 5 Coronation Cup victories.
Andrew has coached and managed successful High Goal teams including Zacara, Park Place , and Thai Polo, winning 12 Prince of Wales, Queens and Gold Cups. He has also helped his children, including his two sons who attended Wellington to develop as top level polo players.
We hope that by providing elite coaching, management, facilities and advice, all Wellington Polo players will be able to reach their maximum potential, whilst enjoying this incredible sport which will be part of their lives forever.
Rackets is an exciting Winter sport, offered and open to all boys and girls across the college. The Rackets court is ideally situated between the Squash and Real Tennis courts, and is a hive of activity whenever pupils are out of lessons. With a hard ball that travels at over 150mph, Rackets attracts those with a good eye, typically good cricketers, squash and Tennis players.
We employ a full time professional, Ryan Tulley, who is supported by a number of passionate common room staff, that enable out students to learn a new and exciting game, from scratch, and compete at the highest level. We also work closely with the Governing body, and in the last 3 years, Wellington have hosted two World, and one Professional Championship.
Typically fixtures happen midweek across both winter terms, and Wellington are proud to compete in, and have recently been very successful at the National Championships, held at Queens Club in London. The Rackets Team also have regular tours to the Rackets clubs in North America. We’re also proud of the OW’s that continue to play Rackets after leaving school, two of which have gone on to become World Champions.
Rugby is a major sport at Wellington with a year-round offering that enables our players to develop on both an individual and team basis.
In the Michaelmas term the 15-aside format of the game is offered to all boys, with multiple teams being fielded in each year group to play fixtures against some of the country’s premier Rugby schools. We have 9 fantastic pitches, expertly maintained by the grounds department, with the pinnacle of these being Bigside 1, the first XV pitch that is overlooked by the stunning Monro Pavilion. The match day experience this facility offers is absolutely second to none across British school boy rugby. At under 15 we annually enter a team into the National Cup competition and to date are the competitions most successful school.
In the lent term we shift focus to the 7-aside format of the game and this includes an offering for girls looking to try rugby. Each year group is entered into multiple tournaments, the culmination coming at the National Rosslyn Park competition.
In the summer term there are no formal fixtures or competitions but we offer individuals an opportunity to continue their development in the form of one to one’s and small group skill-based sessions.
Providing a pathway to play rugby after school is something we take very seriously. For students who have aspirations of playing rugby at the professional level we have strong ties with the academies at London Irish and Harlequins. A number of our current students are involved at different stages of the player development pathway and regularly represent their respective academies.
An emerging route to professionalism is through the new BUCS Super Rugby League, this provides students the opportunity to combine undergraduate study with elite level rugby. Every year more of our students are pursuing this route and this is something we facilitate by building strong working relationships with Universities across the country. There are currently OW’s representing 5 different Premiership Rugby teams, with players having reached this level through both the Academy and University route.
We also strive to provide a pathway for our participatory players to continue playing rugby after Wellington. This comes in the form of links to local clubs, universities and for those wanting to take a gap year we have links with clubs on all major continents of the globe.
Ski racing is a niche sports option offered in the Michaelmas and Lent terms, to both girls and boys in all year groups. Weekly training takes place on a Tuesday afternoon at the Alpine Snowsports Centre in Aldershot. The centre offers the best dry slope accessible to us, and has a 110 metre floodlit slope that allows us to do gate training throughout the season, with our excellent coaches from Impulse.
Each December we take a mixed team to the Canada Cup in Jasper, where we have enjoyed great success. This acts as a great training event and is appropriate for experienced as well as novice racers. In January we attend the British Schoolgirls races in Flaine, and the British Schoolboys races in Wengen. In March we round off the season with the Artemis British Interschool Ski Championships in Pila.
We are flexible with this running alongside other sports and pupils can sign up for which sessions they want to attend. Pupils involved in the races are expected to attend some of the dry slope sessions, particularly in the run up to their events and attending trials is of course a requirement. The College provides the transport, but there is an extra charge to pupils to cover the costs of the facilities and external coach.
Wellington is home to a thriving swimming programme that provides students a wide range of opportunities in the water. From our performance team to our very novice swimmers, the coaching staff brings a wide variety of skills to the poolside including experience with open-water swimming, triathlons, competitive swimming at multiple age groups and across 2 continents, and coaching certifications from British Triathlon. In addition to training the swim squad, the team regularly has attendees from the triathlon team, the modern pentathlon team, and other sportsmen doing rehab or cross-training. We offer 10 hours of water time each week so that even the most avid swimmers can train to the highest level.
In addition to attending fixtures against several area schools each term, Wellington hosts between 2 and 4 four-school galas each term. The high point of our calendar year is the Bath Cup competition, where more than 80 independent schools from all over Britain, Ireland, and the Channel Islands come together for a relay gala at the 2012 Olympic Pool in London.
Wellington is fortunate enough to have an indoor pool for use during the inclement months of the year, and an outdoor pool which opens annually for the June half term. In addition to moving training into the sunshine, the outdoor pool hosts the Interhouse Water Polo fixture each June, always a highlight of the Interhouse Sport programme.
Target Shooting at Wellington College is a high profile team sport organised by the rifle club and is active throughout all three academic terms. It works closely with the College Combined Cadet Force and encourages participants to be cadets and gain selection for National Cadet overseas touring teams. It is available to all pupils of any age and gender within College and no previous experience is necessary. All necessary equipment and rifles are supplied.
Target shooting is conducted initially in the College smallbore rifle range situated just behind the school armoury at the bottom of Chapel Hill and then progresses in the summer term to outdoor large calibre shooting at the world renowned National Shooting Centre at Bisley where Wellington have their own pavilion.
Shooting is both a team and individual sport and requires the participant to enhance many personal skills such as concentration, fitness, muscle control, mental agility, breathing, planning and engagement with others. Coaching is conducted by current Great Britain team participants of the highest level and a high percentage of Wellington College pupils attain England and GB places in their latter years at College or soon after.
To facilitate skills enhancement there are 2 camps. One during the Easter break and prior to the start of the Summer Term and the other during the early part of the Summer break. Easter is normally 6 days long and prepares the shooters for the summer outdoor season, competitions commence immediately the term starts. College teams compete in events throughout the summer usually on a weekend but all lead up to the main Summer Camp in July when the coveted Ashburton Shield school events take place and the National Imperial meeting. All school shooters who are competent will partake in the Schools events for the Ashburton which last 5 days, those of a higher level will also shoot the Imperial meeting lasting 10 days. This usually takes place in the summer break in the middle 2 weeks of July and pupils who are shooters tend to sacrifice some of their holiday time for these events.
The Ashburton is the highest school shooting award in the country and requires a well prepared, well drilled team of dedicated shooters. It is a huge honour to represent your school in this event and to gain a podium place is a true testament to shooting skill and teamwork. Wellington have won this 4 times in the last 9 years and been in the top 3 a further 3 times. The Imperial meeting is the biggest target shooting event in the world with over 1000 competitors from many countries in attendance. Wellington pupils compete amongst this number and achieve outstanding results but they only get there by training hard, developing their personal skills and putting in the time required. Success at the Imperial leads to selection for overseas cadet teams to The Channel Islands, Canada with the Athelings (The GB U18 Cadet Team) and South Africa with the GB U19 team. Wellington has produced many members of these teams over the years.
Unfortunately shooting is a costly sport and although pupils are subsidised to a large extent by College and the CCF there are still overheads to cover for the camps and some events.
Triathlon is a very inclusive sport at Wellington and we welcome students at all levels from total beginners who struggle to swim 50m, to GB age group athletes. We offer 15 sessions a week that pupils can choose from throughout the year, increasing to 17 sessions in the summer term and the start of Michaelmas. Pupils are supported to create programmes that fit in with all of the other activities they are doing at Wellington and we are very careful to try to avoid overtraining and support a rounded education that allows students to follow their passions in a range of areas. No pupil will be attending all 17 sessions. We have lots of sessions to increase the choice students have available so that they can participate in different sports and activities as well as training for triathlon.
Training includes pool swimming with options before school, late in the evening and in the afternoon with a qualified swimming coach, who is also qualified in triathlon coaching. Open water swimming is possible twice a week at a local lake (Horseshoe Lake), which is approved by British Triathlon as a safe place to train from April until October. We provide wetsuits for these sessions if pupils don’t have their own.
Cycling is done on the school’s mountain bikes and we cycle from school to Swinley Forest. We have two teachers who are qualified mountain bike leaders who take the sessions and students love the opportunity to explore the local countryside with their friends and the excitement of the trails. We also have watt bikes in the gym and we help pupils to learn how to write programmes. Pupils can form small groups to run and can choose to join the school’s running club, which is very friendly and well attended.
We race at large open races, as well as GB age group qualification races, which are very exciting and sometimes involve sea swims, but we also do races that are suitable for beginners. We race in the triathlon season which runs from April to October and we also compete in off road races in the winter.
Overall, triathlon is a really welcoming and warm club and the students are very supportive of each other and really enjoy the slightly quirky nature of it!
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https://www.uspolo.org/clubs/national-polo-center-wellington
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National Polo Center - Wellington
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Learn more about the National Polo Center - Wellington (NPC)
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en
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United States Polo Association®
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https://www.uspolo.org/clubs/national-polo-center-wellington
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The National Polo Center – Wellington (NPC) is located in the heart of South Florida’s legendary horse country. The perpetual home for polo in America, NPC is owned and managed by the United States Polo Association to showcase the finest the sport has to offer. The Association’s premiere event, the Gauntlet of Polo®, takes place from February to April each winter season showcasing the world’s preeminent teams, professional athletes and finest horses which come together for three months to battle head-to-head for the coveted C.V. Whitney Cup®, USPA Gold Cup® and U.S. Open Polo Championship® trophies. Throughout the year, the facilities are also used to showcase USPA Member Clubs and prestigious national tournament competition.
The entrance to the club is via a palm tree-lined drive, that leads past tennis courts to the steps of the magnificent pool and Mallet Grille. The natural Florida terrain is augmented by a large lake, lush tropical landscaping and some of the most carefully manicured polo fields in the world. Spectating from the stadium, private boxes, fieldside tailgates and special hospitality tents, all overlooking the U.S. Polo Assn. Field, is an unparalleled experience.
NPC invites you to experience the best polo in the country, taking place at one of the most beautiful venues in the world, the National Polo Center – Wellington.
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https://www.sofascore.com/lae-city-fc-team-wellington/GzksFrLb
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Team Wellington vs Lae City FC live score, H2H and lineups
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https://api.sofascore.app/api/v1/event/7740930/share-image/16x9
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https://api.sofascore.app/api/v1/event/7740930/share-image/16x9
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Team Wellington Lae City FC live score (and video online live stream) starts on 7 Apr 2018 at 02:00 UTC time at Newtown Park stadium, Wellington city, New Zealand in OFC Champions League, Knockout stage, Oceania.
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/_next/static/media/favicon.36eabe98.ico
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https://www.sofascore.com/football/match/lae-city-fc-team-wellington/GzksFrLb
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On Sofascore livescore you can find all previous Team Wellington vs Lae City FC results sorted by their H2H matches. Sofascore also provides the best way to follow the live score of this game with various sports features. Therefore, you can:
Find out who scored in a live match
Get real-time information on which team is dominating the match using the Attack Momentum
Follow detailed statistics such as ball possession, shots, corner kicks, big chances created, cards, key passes, duels and more
Track all home and away games for each team in the OFC Champions League, Knockout stage
Check out how Sofascore community votes on which team is more likely to win this match.
All of these features can help you decide on Team Wellington vs. Lae City FC game prediction. Even though Sofascore doesn't offer direct betting, it provides the best odds and shows you which sites offer live betting. Live U-TV odds are viewable on Sofascore's Football live score section.
Where to watch Team Wellington vs. Lae City FC ? Under TV Channels section you can find the list of all channels that broadcast Team Wellington – Lae City FC live match. You can also live stream this match through our betting partners or click on any links on Sofascore for a legal live stream.
Event details:
NAME: Team Wellington - Lae City FC
DATE: 7 Apr 2018
TIME: 02:00 UTC
VENUE: Newtown Park, Wellington, New Zealand
Sofascore livescore is available as iPhone and iPad app, Android app on Google Play and Windows phone app. You can find us in all stores on different languages as "Sofascore". Install Sofascore app on and follow Team Wellington Lae City FC live on your mobile!
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https://wellington.mfa.gov.hu/eng/news/Hung.
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Celebrating Hungarian Sports History in New Zealand!
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
/apple-touch-icon.png
| null |
The only Hungarian football club in New Zealand, Hungaria, was founded in Wellington 60 years ago. Ten years later, the women's team was one of the initiators of the women's football association. They are the first sport ambassadors of Hungary in New Zealand.
On June 25, together with the legal successor Wellington United Football Club, we welcomed, in Newton Park, the players and managers of the Hungaria Football Club men's team, founded in 1962 and the women's team, founded in 1972. Hungaria, founded by refugees of the ’56 Revolution in Hungary, brought flair to New Zealand football, and the women's team played a decisive role in the creation of New Zealand women's football league.
The eighty-person event was attended by the Mayor of Wellington, His Worship Andy Foster, the vice-president of the New Zealand Football Association, Scott Moran, Club President of WU, John Dow, and other dignitaries. A highly successful panel discussion also took place with players representing different eras of the club.
For the occasion, WU and the Embassy published an anniversary book entitled "Mighty Magyars" presenting the history of the Hungária Football Club. WU uses the old Hungaria jersey as the team's "away" kit for the season. The management of the club recognized Mária Papp's performance with a “lifelong member” award. As part of the event, Amb. Zsolt Hetesy presented Certificates of Honor, a book on Ferenc Puskás and the anniversary book to the former players and managers.
Go Wellington United, Hajrá Magyarok!
|
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https://www.capitalfootball.org.nz/fixtures-results/senior-mens/mens-central-league
|
en
|
Capital Football
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
This is the official website for Capital Football Federation. The governing body for football in the Capital region including Wellington, Wairarapa .
|
https://www.capitalfootball.org.nz/capitalfootball/fixtures-results/senior-mens/mens-central-league
|
Capital Football, The Home Of Football, Bracken St, Petone, Lower Hutt,
Wellington, New Zealand, 5012
Postal Address: PO Box 33 283, Wellington Mail Centre, Lower Hutt 5045
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +64 4 586 5814
|
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellington_Phoenix_FC
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en
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Wellington Phoenix FC
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wellington_Phoenix_FC
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Association football club based in New Zealand
This article is about the men's association football club. For the women's association football club, see Wellington Phoenix FC (A-League Women).
Football club
Active teams of Wellington Phoenix A-League Men
Wellington Phoenix Reserves
(Men's) A-League Women
Wellington Phoenix Football Club is a professional football club based in Wellington, New Zealand. It competes in the Australian A-League, under licence from Football Federation Australia.[1] Phoenix entered the competition in the 2007–08 season after its formation in March 2007, by New Zealand Football to replace New Zealand Knights as a New Zealand-based club in the Australian A-League competition. Since 2011, the club has been owned by Welnix, a consortium of seven Wellington businessmen.
The club is one of the few clubs in the world to compete in a league of a different confederation (AFC) from that of the country where it is based (OFC). It plays matches at Sky Stadium (formerly Westpac Stadium), a 34,500-seat multi-purpose venue in Wellington. Their home kit consists of black and yellow stripes. Its highest achievement is reaching the A-League Preliminary Final in 2010 and the A-League Semi Final in 2024.
History
[edit]
Foundation
[edit]
During the later stages of the 2006–07 A-League season, Football Federation Australia (FFA) removed New Zealand Knights A-League licence due to the club's financial and administrative problems and poor on-field performance. After the resignation of the New Zealand Knights board, FFA transferred the licence to New Zealand Soccer (NZS, now New Zealand Football), which administered the club for the rest of the season before its subsequent dissolution.
FFA then provided NZS a provisional A-League licence to sub-let to a suitable New Zealand team to enter the 2007–08 A-League season. FFA set an application deadline to NZS and subsequently delayed that deadline to give more time for potential applicants in New Zealand to apply along with NZS support.
While NZS was given a chance to apply with a new sub-licensee, a Townsville-based consortium, Tropical Football Australia (TFA) also expressed interest and prepared an A-League application to replace the place previously held by the Knights.[2] However, TFA eventually pulled out with the understanding of the FFA's preference to retain a New Zealand team for the league. TFA resubmitted its bid the following year as a potential A-League expansion franchise under the name "Northern Thunder FC", which was later changed to "North Queensland Thunder";[3] however, this bid died after expansion for the 2007–08 season was cancelled.
After much delay, the final amount needed for the application came from Wellington property businessman Terry Serepisos in the latter stages of the bid. Serepisos, the club's majority owner and chairman, provided NZD $1,250,000[4] to ensure the beginnings of a new New Zealand franchise and a continuation of New Zealand's participation in the A-League. FFA finalised a three-year A-League licence to New Zealand Football who then sub-let the licence to the Wellington-based club.[5] The new Wellington club was confirmed on 19 March 2007.
The name for the new club was picked from a shortlist of six, pruned from 250 names suggested by the public, and was announced on 28 March 2007.[6][7] Serepisos said of the name, that "It symbolises the fresh start, the rising from the ashes, and the incredible Wellington support that has come out".[8]
Despite the backing of FIFA, AFC president Mohammed Bin Hammam stated that due to AFC criteria, the Wellington team must move to Australia or disband by 2011.[9] However, in an interview aired on SBS on 21 December 2008, FIFA president Sepp Blatter stated unequivocally, "It is not the matter of the Confederation, it is the matter of the FIFA Executive Committee... If Wellington will go on play on in Australian League, then as long as Australian league wants to have them and Wellington wants to stay (and) Both association in this case, New Zealand Soccer and Australian Football are happy with that then we will give them the blessing. The Confederation cannot interfere with that.".[10]
Rise of the Phoenix
[edit]
In the 2009–10 season, Wellington Phoenix became the first New Zealand side to reach the playoffs of an Australian football competition when Adelaide United beat Brisbane Roar 2–0 in the 26th round. It meant that Brisbane, which before the match was the only team outside the top six with a chance of making the playoffs, no longer could. The Phoenix overcame the Central Coast Mariners on 12 February 2010 to finish fourth, which meant it would host a playoff game against Perth Glory on 21 February 2010. The Phoenix beat Perth by penalty shootout (4–2) after 120 minutes (including 30 minutes of extra time). Phoenix then hosted a home game against Newcastle Jets on 7 March, which they won in extra time 3–1.
In the Preliminary Final against Sydney FC, the Phoenix lost 4–2 in controversial circumstances. After being locked at 1–1 through goals from Chris Payne for Sydney and Andrew Durante for Wellington, Payne apparently missed a header and deflected the ball into the goal off his hand. Andrew Durante, who was marking Payne went straight to the linesman, but the goal stood. "I went straight to the linesman. I knew 100 per cent it was handball. I spoke to the ref at halftime about it and he said it wasn't deliberate. It's pretty funny that one. Such a big game and such a big occasion, for something like that to change the game is very disappointing." Sydney FC strikers Alex Brosque and Mark Bridge both scored break-away goals as Phoenix pushed forward, and Eugene Dadi added a late consolation goal. Phoenix striker Chris Greenacre said that the error changed the dynamics of the game. "It just rips the heart out of you. We got back in the game with a good goal and that takes it away from you. It wasn't to be. I think we were right back in it. They played some good football but I thought we had withstood it OK. If we went into halftime [at 1–1] we were really confident we could get something out of it." Coach Ricki Herbert echoed those statements. The loss brought the end to the Phoenix's season, meaning that Melbourne Victory and Sydney FC would compete in the Grand Final.
On 20 April 2010, FFA granted Wellington Phoenix a five-year licence extension, keeping it in the competition until at least the conclusion of the 2015–16 season.[11]
Many argue Wellington's ability to play in the A-League as being instrumental to the progress of the New Zealand national side and the wider football landscape.[12]
Change of ownership
[edit]
Prior to the 2011/12 season, it emerged that Serepisos was experiencing financial difficulties, both personally and in the property empire. This included highly publicised action by the Inland Revenue Department to liquidate a number of Serepisos' companies for unpaid taxes, including Century City Football Ltd, the company Serepisos owned the Phoenix through.[13]
Initially, Serepisos claimed he had obtained finance through Swiss-based lenders, then announced he had agreed to a deal with Western Gulf Advisory, the Bahrain-based lender owned by Racing Santander owner Ahsan Ali Syed which would see 50% of the club sold. However, these funds were never received and the partial transfer never took place.
While the liquidation action was resolved through an unnamed third-party Serepisos' financial troubles did not end. Despite this, he stated he would not give up ownership of the club. Additional stories also emerged that coach Ricki Herbert was personally owed $100,000 in unpaid wages by the club.
However, on 23 September 2011, it was announced by Serepisos and the FFA that Serepisos had relinquished ownership of the club as a result of his ongoing financial difficulties. The club's licence was passed by the FFA to a new consortium of seven Wellington businessmen headed by Rob Morrison and including Gareth Morgan, Lloyd Morrison and John Morrison.[14][15][16]
Change of head coach
[edit]
On 26 February 2013, with the Phoenix sitting in last place, Ricki Herbert resigned from the position of head coach.[17] The Phoenix had endured a poor run of results in a season where they were expected to be challenging for the title.[18] Assistant Coach Chris Greenacre took the reins on an interim basis for the remainder of the season. Following a "worldwide search", Ernie Merrick was announced as the head coach on 20 May 2013.[19] Merrick had six successful years at the Melbourne Victory, which was seen as important. Merrick will once again become the most experienced A-League coach in the coming season, retaking this from Herbert who passed him towards the end of the 2012–13 season.[20] Greenacre was retained by Merrick as the assistant coach.[21]
On 5 December 2017, Merrick resigned as head coach following the Phoenix's 2–0 loss to Adelaide United.[22] On 2 January 2017, Des Buckingham took over as head coach, while Chris Greenacre was made co-coach.[23]
On 1 March 2018, Wellington Phoenix announced that Darije Kalezic will be departing the club at the end of the season after they were not able to come to an agreement on how the club proceeds forward for the next season.[24]
Rudan era
[edit]
On 30 May 2018, Wellington Phoenix announced the appointment of former Sydney FC captain Marko Rudan as manager on a two-year contract.[25] Rudan became the first-ever Wellington Phoenix coach to win his first game in charge when the Wellington Phoenix were 2–1 victors over Newcastle Jets in the opening round of the 2018–19 season.[26] Following Round 2 clash with Brisbane Roar which ended in a 0–0 draw, it was the best start the team has had since the 2012/13 season.[27] They suffered their first defeat of the season in Round 3 going down 3–0 to Western Sydney Wanderers.[28] After a defeat in Round 5 against Adelaide United, Phoenix went on a 9-game undefeated streak including draws with Premiers Perth Glory and Champions Melbourne Victory, and wins over clubs like Sydney FC and Newcastle Jets. Their streak was broken by Sydney FC in round 15.[29] The Phoenix finished in 6th place qualifying for the playoffs. On 15 April, it was announced that Rudan would not see out the second year of his contract and would leave at season's end for personal reasons.[30] They were knocked out in the first elimination final by Melbourne Victory 3–1.[31]
Talay era
[edit]
On 4 May 2019, it was announced Ufuk Talay would be taking the reins of head coach after the departure of Marko Rudan on a one-year deal.[32] In his first press conference, Talay expressed his idea of building a young team with a strong Kiwi core. He made his first signing with All Whites goalkeeper Stefan Marinovic[33] and signed local Kiwi players, Te Atawhai Hudson-Wihongi,[34] Tim Payne,[35] and Callum McCowatt.[36] Talay made his first import signing with Mexican Ulises Dávila[37] following another import signing of English striker, David Ball.[38] On 24 July, it was announced that Steven Taylor would be the captain heading into the new season[39] while Alex Rufer was made vice-captain.[40] On 18 August, it was announced that Phoenix had paid an undisclosed fee for Reno Piscopo, marking the first time the club paid a transfer fee for a player.[41] Talay also made a handful of signings of young Australian players including Walter Scott,[42] Jaushua Sotirio,[43] Cameron Devlin,[44] Liam McGing,[45] and experienced centre-back Luke DeVere.[46] Talay used his fourth import spot signing Matti Steinmann on a one-year deal.[47] Talay had a positive start to his managerial tenure with the Wellington Phoenix when he led them to a 7–0 victory over Wairarapa United in a pre-season friendly in his first match in charge.[48]
They were knocked-out of the 2019 FFA Cup in the Round of 32, losing 4–2 on penalties to Brisbane Strikers, after making an extraordinary comeback from 2-0 down to a 2–2 draw at full time.[49]
On 22 May 2021, Wellington Phoenix broke their home attendance record, attracting 24,105 spectators against Western United FC. This game (as of 22 May), is the 2020/21 Hyundai A-League's most attended game. This was the first A-League game to be held in New Zealand since 15 March 2020, a total of 433 days in between.[50]
Colours and badge
[edit]
The general consensus among Phoenix fans was for a kit featuring yellow and black vertical stripes; however, this format did not comply with the A-League template required by Reebok when Phoenix was admitted into the League. Instead, players wore a predominantly black strip with yellow and white trim for the first two seasons.[51] When Reebok lifted constraints on kit designs in 2009, Phoenix adopted yellow and black vertical stripes. The Phoenix kit is currently provided by Paladin after Adidas decided against renewing their contract with the club. The badge is a shield depicting a rising phoenix.
The team's current kit sponsors are KPMG (front of kit),[52] Sky Sports (back of shirt), GoMedia (front of shorts), and Revera (back of shorts).[53]
In August 2017, the club unveiled a new badge removing the shield in place of a larger, simplified phoenix. The updated badge also featured the club's new motto of 'E Rere Te Keo',[54] a rising call rooted in the Māori legend of Taniwha.[55]
Stadium
[edit]
Wellington Phoenix FC has played most of its home matches at the Wellington Regional Stadium (currently named Sky Stadium for sponsorship reasons), which is referred to as the 'Ring of Fire' by fans.[56] The stadium has a capacity of 34,500.[57] The NZD$130 million stadium was built in 1999 by Fletcher Construction and is situated close to major transport facilities (such as Wellington railway station) one kilometre north of the central business district.[58][59]
The stadium is owned and operated by Wellington Regional Stadium Trust. It is built on surplus-to-requirements reclaimed railway land on Wellington's waterfront.[58][59]
Home fans sit in the southern and western areas of the stadium, while away fans sit to the north.
In the 2009–2010 A-League season, Wellington Phoenix FC played two home games away from Sky Stadium, the first at Arena Manawatu in Palmerston North, the second at AMI Stadium in Christchurch. The two games were key to Wellington Phoenix expanding their fan base in New Zealand. This was followed by playing a game in Auckland at Eden Park in front of 20,078 attendees during the 2011–2012 A-League season.
The Phoenix previously trained at Newtown Park, on a ground that was specially redeveloped in 2008 and separate to the playing pitch. This ground was shared with NZFC franchise, Team Wellington however in 2017 the Phoenix moved to Martin Luckie Park which had been redeveloped with two full-sized sand-based pitches. Funding for the redevelopment came from the Phoenix as well as $550,000 given by Wellington City Council.[60]
Due to COVID-19 in both New Zealand and Australia, the Wellington Phoenix based themselves in Wollongong and played home games at WIN Stadium for the 2020–21 A-League season.[61][62] Wellington returned to Wollongong for the 2021–22 A-League season and again played their home games at Win Stadium.[63]
Supporters
[edit]
Wellington Phoenix has built a strong fan-base in Wellington, across New Zealand, and amongst New Zealanders in Australia. The main supporters' group, named the Yellow Fever, was founded a day after the Wellington Phoenix's formation was announced.[64] Yellow Fever founder Mike Greene met with the founder of New Zealand cricket supporter group, the Beige Brigade, to get ideas of how to get the group started.[65] The name was originally chosen on the assumption that the new Wellington-based team would play in a yellow playing strip (yellow being the dominant sporting colour of the region). Although the eventual strip was primarily black, the Yellow Fever elected to retain the name; many Yellow Fever members chose to wear yellow to fixtures as opposed to black. The 'Fever Zone' is located within aisles 21 and 22 of Sky Stadium; although it is an all-seater facility, most Yellow Fever members choose to stand in front of their seat – similar to terrace seating traditions in British football.
The Yellow Fever are renowned within the A-League for their traditions; the most prominent of which being if the Phoenix are winning by the 80th minute, members remove their shirts.[66] Additionally, prior to the last home game before Christmas, the Yellow Fever organise a pub crawl, entitled The 12 Pubs of Lochhead after defender Tony Lochhead.
Many Yellow Fever members have also lent their support to other football fixtures in Wellington and New Zealand, mostly notably Team Wellington of the ISPS Handa Premiership and the New Zealand national football team.[67] Yellow Fever also lent its support to the New Zealand women's national under-17 football team during the 2008 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, held in New Zealand.
The former official podcast of Yellow Fever, 'Phoenix City', is hosted by Patrick Barnes, and features Cameron McIntosh and Andrew French as panellists. The weekly recording often includes a guest interview and covers the Wellington Phoenix, the All Whites and other national teams, New Zealanders playing overseas, the ISPS Handa Premiership, and local club football, including the Chatham Cup.[68][69]
The Yellow Fever supporters share a strong relationship with the club due to their charity initiatives. Yellow Fever is the first supporters club in the A-League to organise and sponsor an annual footballing scholarship. The "Retro Ricki Youth Scholarship" was awarded annually to a promising young New Zealand footballer. Nominations for the scholarship were made by Yellow Fever members, and the recipient was chosen by the Yellow Fever executive and Wellington Phoenix staff. The recipient received a trial with the Phoenix, covering travel and accommodation costs.[70] Although the initiative only lasted four seasons, the scholarship is widely credited with bringing New Zealand international Marco Rojas professional attention.
2007: Stefan Kousoulas, Otago United
2008: Daniel Findlay, Three Kings United
2009: Marco Rojas, Melville United
2010: Thomas Spragg, Auckland City FC, and Tristan Prattley, Otago United
Yellow Fever members have also combined charity campaigns with their support of the Phoenix, with supporters selling bandannas in the club colours every year as part of the youth-cancer charity CanTeen's "Bandana Day" fundraiser.[71] Yellow Fever members have also notably participated in the Movember movement since 2007, leading to the club itself participating as of 2008,[72] and other Australian A-League clubs following suit in 2009.[73]
In 2010, Yellow Fever, The Dominion Post and local sportswear chain RYOS teamed up to release the "LifeFlight Shirt", a white T-shirt emblazoned with pictures of Phoenix players sent into the Dominion Post as part of a competition. 25% of the proceeds from the sale of these T-shirts were donated to the LifeFlight air ambulance service.[74]
Players
[edit]
First-team squad
[edit]
As of 14 August 2024
For recent transfers, see 2024–25 Wellington Phoenix FC season.
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Other players with first-team appearances
[edit]
Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
Reserves and youth academy
[edit]
Main article: Wellington Phoenix FC Reserves
Wellington Phoenix's academy system was formed in 2013, absorbing the prolific Christchurch-based Asia-Pacific Football Academy. Since then, Wellington Phoenix have developed a number of notable players, including several New Zealand internationals.[75][76]
The following players graduated from the Wellington Phoenix Football Academy, and have either represented their nation at international level or have played at a professional level outside New Zealand.
Club officials
[edit]
Technical staff
[edit]
As of 18 July 2023[77]
Role Name Manager Giancarlo Italiano[78] Assistant manager Adam Griffiths[79] Goalkeeping coach Ruben Parker[80] Video analyst Francesco Evangelista Head of Strength & Conditioning Weijie Lim Head physiotherapist Cory Glover Rehab physiotherapist Jamie Hassett Football operations manager Jake Piper Kit man Jack Mapp
Management
[edit]
Updated 26 March 2019.[81][82][83]
Position Name Chairman Rob Morrison Board member Henry Tait Board member James Brow Board member Andrew Bowater Board member Mark Chote General Manager David Dome Head of Commercial Tom Shaw Head of Media Brenton Vannisselroy[84] Social Media & Digital Content Executive Mark Casson Football Operations Manager Shaun Gill
Captaincy history
[edit]
Dates[85] Name Honours (as captain) 2007–2008 Ross Aloisi Inaugural club captain[86] 2008–2019 Andrew Durante Longest serving captain[87] 2019–2020 Steven Taylor First captain from outside Australia and New Zealand. [88] 2020–2021 Ulises Dávila 2021 Steven Taylor Retired prior to the start of the 2021–22 season, a few days after being named captain.[89] 2021– Alex Rufer
Managers
[edit]
As of matches played 12 May 2024
Key
† Caretaker appointment
‡ Initial caretaker appointments promoted to full-time manager
Manager dates, statistics and nationalities are sourced from WorldFootball.net[90] and Ultimatealeague.com[91]
List of Wellington Phoenix Managers Name Nationality From To M W D L GF GA Win % Ref New Zealand 26 August 2007 24 February 2013 154 54 35 65 193 223 035.06 [92] † England 27 February 2013 31 March 2013 5 2 0 3 7 8 040.00 [93] Scotland 13 October 2013 4 December 2016 90 30 15 45 121 156 033.33 [94] † England 10 December 2016 1 January 2017 4 1 3 0 7 4 025.00 [93] ‡ England 10 December 2016 16 April 2017 19 6 6 7 35 32 031.58 [95] Bosnia-Herzegovina 8 October 2017 23 February 2018 21 4 5 12 24 42 019.05 [96] † England 10 March 2018 14 April 2018 6 1 1 4 7 13 016.67 [93] Australia 21 October 2018 3 May 2019 28 11 7 10 47 46 039.29 [97] Australia 13 October 2019 6 May 2023 105 41 24 40 150 164 039.05 [98] Australia 6 May 2023 Present 30 16 9 5 43 29 053.33 [99]
Women's team
[edit]
Main article: Wellington Phoenix FC Women
In June 2020, Wellington Phoenix announced their desire in creating a women's team before the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup as part of a A-League Women plan of adding three expansion clubs by the said period and in September 2021, they announced the newly created team would be joining the A-League as an expansion starting with the 2021–22 season. This made Phoenix the first women's professional football team from New Zealand.[100][101]
Honours
[edit]
Wellington are the sole remaining A-League club to have not won any senior competitive trophy. During the 2021/22 season Macarthur FC won the Australia Cup, with Western United winning the 2022 A-League Men Grand Final. This left the Phoenix as the only trophyless team until the introduction of Auckland FC for the 2024/25 season.
League
[edit]
A-League Men Premiership
Runners-up (1): 2023–24
Cups
[edit]
A-League Pre-Season Challenge Cup
Runners-up (1): 2008
End-of-season awards
[edit]
Season Player of the Year Members'
Player of the Year Players'
Player of the Year Media
Player of the Year Under-23
Player of the Year Golden Boot Lloyd Morrison
Spirit of the Phoenix Award 2007–08 Shane Smeltz Shane Smeltz Shane Smeltz Shane Smeltz not awarded Shane Smeltz not yet established 2008–09 Leo Bertos Ben Sigmund Shane Smeltz Shane Smeltz Shane Smeltz 2009–10 Andrew Durante Paul Ifill Paul Ifill Paul Ifill Troy Hearfield Paul Ifill 2010–11 Ben Sigmund Manny Muscat Manny Muscat Marco Rojas Marco Rojas Chris Greenacre 2011–12 Ben Sigmund Ben Sigmund Ben Sigmund Ben Sigmund not awarded Paul Ifill 2012–13 Andrew Durante Since 2012–13, members vote
for the U–23 player of the year Jeremy Brockie not awarded Louis Fenton Jeremy Brockie Ben Sigmund 2013–14 Albert Riera Vince Lia Tyler Boyd Stein Huysegems Leo Bertos
Stein Huysegems 2014–15 Nathan Burns Nathan Burns Roly Bonevacia Nathan Burns Rob Lee
Lee Spence 2015–16 Glen Moss Glen Moss Dylan Fox Blake Powell not awarded 2016–17 Kosta Barbarouses Roy Krishna Jacob Tratt Roy Krishna 2017–18 Roy Krishna Dylan Fox Matthew Ridenton Andrija Kaluđerović Chris Greenacre 2018–19 Roy Krishna Roy Krishna Liberato Cacace Roy Krishna Alex Rufer 2019–20 David Ball Liberato Cacace Liberato Cacace Liberato Cacace Liberato Cacace Ulises Dávila Wellington Phoenix 2020–21 Ulises Dávila Oli Sail Ulises Dávila Ulises Dávila Ben Waine Tomer Hemed not awarded 2021–22[102] Oli Sail David Ball Oli Sail Oli Sail Sam Sutton Jaushua Sotirio
Ben Waine not awarded 2022–23[103] Oskar Zawada Oskar Zawada Oskar Zawada Oskar Zawada Callan Elliot Oskar Zawada Lily Alfeld 2023-24[104] Kosta Barbarouses Alex Paulsen Alex Paulsen Kosta Barbarouses Alex Paulsen Kosta Barbarouses David Dome
Records and statistics
[edit]
Player
[edit]
Most League appearances: 273, Andrew Durante
Most appearances in a single season: 31, Chris Greenacre, 2010–11
All-time leading goalscorer: 51, Roy Krishna
Most goals in a season: 18, Roy Krishna, 2018–19 (26 appearances)
Team
[edit]
First League match: v Melbourne Victory, 26 August 2007 (drew 2–2)
First goalscorer: Daniel v Melbourne Victory, 26 August 2007
First win: v. Sydney FC, 14 September 2007 (won 2–1)
Biggest victory:
6–0 v Gold Coast United, 25 October 2009
8–2 v Central Coast Mariners, 9 March 2019
Biggest defeat:
7–1 v Sydney FC, 19 January 2013
6–0 v Melbourne City, 2 April 2022
Most wins in a row: 5 matches; 30 January 2010 – 7 March 2010
Most losses in a row: 9 matches; 20 March 2016 – 31 October 2016
Highest home attendance: 33,297 v Melbourne Victory on 18 May 2024
Highest regular season attendance: 24,105 v Western United at Sky Stadium, Wellington on 22 May 2021
Highest friendly attendance: 31,853 v Los Angeles Galaxy on 1 December 2007
Highest average attendance in a season: 11,683 – 2007–08 season
Lowest home attendance: 3,898 v Perth Glory FC on 8 January 2012
Season-by-season record
[edit]
Season Division League AUS
Cup Top scorer P W D L F A GD Pts Pos Finals Name Goals 2007–08[105] A-League 21 5 5 11 25 37 –12 20 8th – – Shane Smeltz 9 2008–09[106] A-League 21 7 5 9 23 31 –9 26 6th – – Shane Smeltz ♦ 12 2009–10[107] A-League 27 10 10 7 37 29 +8 40 4th 3rd – Paul Ifill 13 2010–11[108] A-League 30 12 5 13 39 41 –2 41 6th SF – Chris Greenacre 8 2011–12[109] A-League 27 12 4 11 34 32 +2 40 4th SF – Paul Ifill 8 2012–13[110] A-League 27 7 6 14 31 49 –18 28 10th – – Jeremy Brockie 16 2013–14[111] A-League 27 7 7 13 36 42 –6 28 9th – – Stein Huysegems 10 2014–15[112] A-League 27 14 4 9 45 35 +10 46 4th EF R32 Nathan Burns 13 2015–16[113] A-League 27 7 4 16 34 54 –20 25 9th – R16 Blake Powell 8 2016–17[114] A-League 27 8 6 13 41 46 –5 30 7th – R32 Roy Krishna 12 2017–18[115] A-League 27 5 6 16 31 55 –24 21 9th – R32 Andrija Kaluđerović 9 2018–19[116] A-League 27 11 7 9 46 43 +3 40 6th EF R32 Roy Krishna ♦ 19 2019–20[117] A-League 26 12 5 9 38 33 +5 41 3rd EF R32 Ulises Dávila 12 2020–21[118] A-League 26 10 8 8 44 34 +10 38 7th – – Tomer Hemed 11 2021–22[119] A-League Men 26 12 3 11 34 49 –15 39 6th EF SF Jaushua Sotirio
Ben Waine 8 2022–23[120] A-League Men 26 9 8 9 39 45 –6 32 6th EF QF Oskar Zawada 15 2023–24[121] A-League Men 27 15 8 4 42 26 +16 53 2nd SF R16 Kosta Barbarouses 13
Champions Runners-up Third place Last place Did not make the playoff ♦ Top scorer in competition PO Playoff GS Group stage EF Elimination finals R32 Round of 32 R16 Round of 16 QF Quarter-finals SF Semi-finals
Affiliated clubs
[edit]
The following clubs are currently affiliated with Wellington Phoenix:
Kerala Blasters FC
See also
[edit]
New Zealand portal
Soccer portal
Football Kingz FC
List of sports teams named for the phoenix
References
[edit]
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https://www.reporternews.com/story/sports/high-school/football/2016/11/23/twelve-big-country-teams-still-playing-week-14/94324940/
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Abilene Reporter
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"Evan Ren, Abilene -News",
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2016-11-23T00:00:00
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ABILENE - Twelve Big Country teams are still playing in Week 14
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Abilene
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http://www.reporternews.com/story/sports/high-school/football/2016/11/23/twelve-big-country-teams-still-playing-week-14/94324940/
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Last Week: 14-6, .700
Season total: 410-109, .790
Week 14 brings us to the regional semifinal round in all 11-man classifications, and the Big Country still has 12 area teams and three Abilene locals trying to play in December.
It’s my guess that at least five of these clubs will see action in Week 15.
Let’s have a quick look at matchups involving area teams:
4A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Sweetwater (10-1) vs. Glen Rose (8-4)
2 p.m. Friday, Graham
Both clubs come in averaging better than 40 points per game. But Sweetwater has limited its opposition to just 17 points per night against a slightly tougher overall schedule.
Lots of firepower here on both sides but defensive stops will be the deciding factor.
PICK: Sweetwater by 10
CLASS 3A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Canadian (10-2) vs. Coleman (9-3)
2 p.m. Friday, Iowa Park
Can Coleman win this game? Absolutely, but it’s going to take the Bluecats’ best effort of the year to get it done.
Canadian hasn’t scored fewer than 34 points in since an 18-17 win over Childress on Oct. 7, so the pressure will be on Coleman to consistently move the chains.
Granted, Coleman can play some quality defense, holding the opposition to just 17 points per game. But if the Bluecats are to win here, they’ll need to win the turnover battle and turn a high percentage of their possessions into points.
That leaves Coleman with little margin for error.
I’ll play the percentages and go with the Wildcats.
PICK: Canadian by 14.
CLASS 2A DI REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Windthorst (8-4) vs. De Leon (10-2)
2 p.m. Friday, Jacksboro
I could have just flipped a coin to make my pick on this one, which stacks up as dead even on paper.
But last week’s stunning 36-34 Windthorst victory over an excellent Bosqueville team has me leaning toward WHS — barely.
PICK: Windthorst by 1.
CLASS 2A DI REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Forsan (9-3) vs. Anson (9-3)
2 p.m. Saturday, Sweetwater
Yes, Forsan defeated Anson 27-24 on Oct. 21 and yes, the Buffaloes are playing great football, winning four of their last five games, including last week’s 51-8 area rout of New Deal.
However, the earlier meeting between these two clubs was in Forsan’s backyard. This will be on a neutral field. And since that earlier meeting, Anson has played its best football of the year — winning the district 4-2A DI title and whipping a very good team from Post (48-21) to start a three-game winning streak.
Anson has confidence and momentum – just enough to get the Tigers to the next round.
PICK: Anson by 3
CLASS 2A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Munday (11-1) vs. Muenster (11-1)
1 p.m. Friday, Memorial Stadium, Wichita Falls
A tough call here, but there are two things that stand out in this matchup: First, Muenster hasn’t scored fewer than 45 points nine weeks. And secondly, the Hornets’ defense is comparable to that of Munday’s, allowing just 14 points per game to the Moguls’ 12.
A recent 51-13 rout of Quanah, with which Munday defeated 18-2, is another checkmark in the Hornets’ corner.
Firepower puts the Hornets on top.
PICK: Muenster by 7
CLASS 2A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Iraan (12-0) vs. Albany (11-1),
7 p.m. Friday, Wolf Stadium, Colorado City
This matchup has been on the radar screen for two months — it was that easy for everyone to see coming.
Against comparably difficult schedules, the numbers here are very close, with Iraan outscoring the opposition 46-12 and the more Albany winning by an average margin of 43-12.
On paper, this thing is a coin toss and the computers are saying the same thing.
Typically, I’d go with the more ground-based team (Iraan) in a matchup this close. But, I’m going with the Lions for two historic reasons.
First, Albany is 4-0 overall against Iraan, with three of those wins coming since 2012. And secondly, Denney Faith’s Lions are just plain tough to get rid of in November.
PICK: Albany by 1
CLASS 2A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Wellington (11-1) vs. Hamlin (10-2)
1 p.m. Friday, Vernon
Something has to give here.
Hamlin enters this week on a nine-game winning streak; Wellington has won six straight.
Both clubs are holding their opposition to just 13 points per game and both are scoring roughly 40 per night.
However, Wellington has been in the ring with some real heavyweights and my pick is based on what WHS is capable of when it’s right. One key example: beating 3A power Childress 26-21 in its season opener.
Right now, the Skyrockets are in stride — not allowing more than 12 points in a game since Oct. 7.
PICK: Wellington by 7
CLASS 2A DII REGIONAL SEMIFINAL
Roscoe (8-4) vs. Seagraves (9-3)
2 p.m. Friday, Grande Communications Stadium, Midland
If the adage that it’s difficult to beat a good football team twice in one season is correct, than Roscoe may have a problem here, having already beaten SHS 39-23 on Oct. 21 in District 4-2A DII.
Nonetheless, I’m a believer in the firepower that Roscoe brings to the table — firepower that has produced 39 or more points in seven of its last eight games.
Seagraves will find the end zone multiple times, but not enough to win.
PICK: Roscoe by 12
CLASS 1A DI STATE QUARTERFINAL
Zephyr (10-2) vs. Jonesboro (12-0)
7:30 p.m. Friday, Memorial Stadium, Dublin
The computers project this to go the distance, but an 80-46 win by Jonesboro over Zephy on Oct. 28 sticks out like a sore thumb.
Jonesboro is allowing only 21 points per game, and at the six-man level, that’s some serious defense.
Defensive stops give the Eagles the edge.
PICK: Jonesboro by 16
CLASS 1A DI STATE QUARTERFINAL
Happy (12-0) vs. Knox City (8-4)
3 p.m. Saturday, Hermleigh
When you can consistently get defensive stops in the six-man game, it’s an enormous advantage, and Happy’s Cowboys are doing just that — holding the opposition to only 14 points per game.
Knox City is on a roll, winning five straight. But the Greyhounds have given up 186 points over the last three weeks. That makes it difficult to give them the checkmark here.
PICK: Happy by 45
CLASS 1A DII STATE QUARTERFINAL
Panther Creek (12-0) vs. Crowell (10-1)
6 p.m. Saturday, Aspermont
Panther Creek has done everything asked of it in 2016, improving from 2-8 a year ago to an unbeaten team that stands as the Big Country’s last survivor in Class 1A DII.
But here’s the thing: Crowell represents a leap beyond any team the Panthers have faced thus far.
In fact, CHS is in a completely different solar system – defeating its last five straight opponents by the 45-point mercy rule, including previously unbeaten Strawn (64-18) a week ago.
It gives me no pleasure to say this, but the Panthers’ miraculous run of 2016 will in all likelihood, come to a close this week.
PICK: Crowell by 45
TAIAO DII STATE CHAMPIONSHIP
Stephenville Home School (9-2) vs. Bastrop Tribe Consolidated (10-2)
1 p.m., Saturday, Bryan
SHS has played a slightly tougher schedule than Tribe Consolidated and has produced better defensive numbers against that schedule.
The two clubs have four common opponents in Lubbock Home School Christian, Austin NYOS Charter, Bryan Christian Home School and Austin Capital City Home School and SHS has outperformed Bastrop Tribe at every turn.
PICK: Stephenville Home School by 21
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2021-10-18T22:43:21+00:00
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Our History In 2007, professional football in New Zealand was rescued when Wellington property developer Terry Serepisos and Century City Football secured a three-year sub-licence to run a team in the Hyundai A-League – Australasia’s premier professional football competition. After...
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Wellington Phoenix
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https://wellingtonphoenix.com/about/about-us/
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Our History
In 2007, professional football in New Zealand was rescued when Wellington property developer Terry Serepisos and Century City Football secured a three-year sub-licence to run a team in the Hyundai A-League – Australasia’s premier professional football competition. After the Football Kingz (2005/06) and the New Zealand Knights (2006/07) imploded, it looked certain that Football Federation Australia would pull the pin on a professional New Zealand-based club in the Hyundai A-League. But a small group of people passionate about football in New Zealand kept hopes alive, working tirelessly to convince the FFA that a professional club could survive across the ditch. The Phoenix were awarded a license to play in the Hyundai A-League on 19th March, 2007 and on Sunday 26th August, 2007, Wellington’s first ever professional football teamed took to Westpac Stadium in a credible 2-2 draw with A-League powerhouse the Melbourne Victory.
Since then the Phoenix has gone from strength to strength: over one million people have gone through the gates to watch a Wellington Phoenix A-League match, the Phoenix has broken records for attendances at a football match in New Zealand twice with sell out crowds for the LA Galaxy and David Beckham in 2007, and again against the Newcastle Jets in 2010. The Phoenix has appeared in the A-League finals on four occasions, making the elimination final in 2009-2010 following a stirring semi-final victory against the Jets in front of 32,792 at Westpac Stadium.
In September 2011, the Phoenix was taken over by Welnix, a consortium of some of Wellington’s most successful and influential businesspeople. With business acumen and professional integrity unparallelled in New Zealand business, this consortium has secured the future of the Phoenix for many years to come.
In February 2016, Football Federation Australia granted Wellington Phoenix a 10 year license extension to give the club security heading into the future.
Today Wellington Phoenix is an important and integral part of New Zealand’s sporting landscape, enjoying passionate support from all over New Zealand and the world. With a strong suite of corporate sponsors, a passionate supporter base and the support of the Wellington community in general, Wellington Phoenix’s future looks bright.
In 2019, The New Working Leagues Group (NWLG) reached in-principle an agreement on recommendations for a New Era for Football in Australia by becoming an Independent league from Football Federation Australia.
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Capital Football
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This is the official website for Capital Football Federation. The governing body for football in the Capital region including Wellington, Wairarapa .
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https://www.capitalfootball.org.nz/capitalfootball
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Capital Football, The Home Of Football, Bracken St, Petone, Lower Hutt,
Wellington, New Zealand, 5012
Postal Address: PO Box 33 283, Wellington Mail Centre, Lower Hutt 5045
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +64 4 586 5814
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Home
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Official website of the All Blacks rugby team of New Zealand. Get the latest news, pictures and video. Meet the team and find out about upcoming matches and past results.
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HELP: You are on Team Wellington results page in Football/New Zealand section. Flashscore.com offers Team Wellington results, fixtures and match details. Besides Team Wellington scores you can follow 5000+ competitions from more than 30 sports around the world on Flashscore.com. Team Wellington scores service is real-time, updating live.
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Wellington Olympic Are Charity Cup Champs and the 2024 Domestic Footy Season Has Begun — The Niche Cache
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2024-03-05T00:00:00
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Every year the local footy swings back around way before anybody’s ready for it. 2024 has been no different, with the first competitive game of the new campaign pitting National League champions Wellington Olympic against Chatham Cup champions Christchurch United in the freshly revived Charity Cup
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Every year the local footy swings back around way before anybody’s ready for it. 2024 has been no different, with the first competitive game of the new campaign pitting National League champions Wellington Olympic against Chatham Cup champions Christchurch United in the freshly revived Charity Cup. Not a game of any major consequence, but it’s a symbolic starter’s gun... made especially fascinating because of the two specific teams involved.
Christchurch United had a dominant 2023 as they cruised to another Southern League title and claimed their first Chatham Cup since 1991. A third-placed finish in the National League was pretty handy too, although did show that a distance still remained between them and the established top dogs of Auckland City and Wellington Olympic.
And that was before they lost coaching team Paul Ifill and Ekow Quainoo, as well as a huge contingent of their top players (coincidentally, it was Wellington Olympic who hired the coaches away). Only two players started this Charity Cup game who also started the Chatham Cup final that qualified them for it roughly six months earlier. Those two players were Riley Grover and Joel Peterson, a couple of local youngsters... albeit very good local youngsters. Both have been in the first team set-up for multiple years now.
What happened to everyone else? Well, Ifill and Quainoo only seem to have taken one player with them and that’s Eddie Wilkinson. However imports Dan MacLennan, Eoghan Stokes, and Aaron O’Driscoll have all crossed the Tasman to join Australian NPL clubs; Matt Tod-Smith has crossed the city to sign with Cashmere Technical, along with defender Sam Lapslie; Sam Philip and Haris Zeb have both moved north and signed with Auckland club Birkenhead United; and most notably their impressive goalkeeper Scott Morris has signed with Stoke City over in the English Championship. That still leaves Jago Godden from the Chatham Cup final but maybe he was injured or something.
Don’t think that these fellas have been living at the airport, waving a tear-stained handkerchief from the departure lounge though. Christchurch United worked quickly after losing Ifill & Quanioo to bring in Ryan Edwards as the new manager. He’d had great success in getting Petone FC into the National League despite a very young and largely self-developed squad, that Petone side struggled for results against the best teams in the country but they played some very tidy and encouraging footy along the way. Edwards was no doubt hired with that youth focus in mind considering how much emphasis CUFC put on their own academy. Plus it also helps that he was able to bring along last year’s Central League golden boot Matt Brazier along with him... and that United won the sweepstakes to sign Joel Stevens after he moved to Christchurch for personal reasons. Stevens thus leaves Wellington Olympic with a National League winners’ medal that he was influential in them earning – and his first game for his new club was against his old club.
The CUFC import contingent has been restocked with German fullback Michael Hornsby joining after some time in America, plus Dutch goalkeeper Steven van Dijk (and Transfermarkt suggests there may be a couple more where those lads came from). You might also want to count defender Kaleb de Groot-Green who is a Samoan international, he’s linked up from Dunedin City Royals. On top of that they’ve scooped up Napier City Rovers defensive midfielder Ta Eh Doe and kiwi winger David Yoo, who has spent the last five years bouncing around the lower leagues in Portugal – one of the undercover foreign kiwi pros. He initially came through the Eastern Suburbs junior system.
Chuck that all together and the Rams lined up for the Charity Cup in a 4-1-4-1 formation with Van Dijk in goal, Peterson at right-back and Hornsby at left-back, Grover and KDGG in central defence, Doe at CDM, Eric Sugahara and Daniel Meyn in front of him. Yoo wide on the right, Stevens wide on the left. Brazier up top. Their bench was littered with their own academy blokes, including Jackson Cole who, along with Sugahara, was part of the qualifying squad for the last U17 World Cup (though neither made the final squad for the U17WC itself).
These are some funky change-ups for a club that’s seeking to establish a South Island dynasty. They’re going to have to get used to big player turnover from year to year if their academy reaches the levels they’re aiming for but having to create a whole new attack from almost scratch, with a new coach, is kind of above and beyond. Especially when a couple of their key veterans have apparently moved across town to Cashmere Technical (where Ben Lapslie’s brother Sam already plays). Matt Tod-Smith was their captain last season. Scored the winning penalty in the Chatham Cup shootout. Feels like the Southern League might have just recalibrated itself... granted, Stevens, Yoo, and Brazier aren’t exactly chumps. All three could score in double-figures this year, and the increasing presence of Christchurch United players in national youth set-ups tells you there’s no shortage of talent in the junior ranks.
Whereas Christchurch United are having to reshape their first team, up north of the Cook Strait it seems like Paul Ifill’s Director of Football gig at Wellington Olympic is more about ensuring that Olympic can keep things moving steadily along. What do you do after you win one National League? You try and win another, of course. And maybe a Chatham Cup to go with it.
The Greeks have lost some key players. Joel Stevens to Christchurch United for one, while Gianni Bouzoukis has joined NWS Spirit in the Aussie leagues – granted, he could potentially pop back up for the National League phase as those NPL folks often do. English defender Jack Cawley has also departed for Australia while Nati Hailemariam has moved across to Petone. But the core of their championship side remains, bolstered out by a bunch of ex-Wellington Phoenix Academy folks.
Adam Supyk was on the books for Eastern Suburbs last year but spent most of that time in the UK working on the trial circuit. He’s joined Olympic. As has Nix U20s graduate Kaelin Nguyen, who played for the Phoenix first team during their most recent Aussie Cup run. In fact he set up the winning goal for Joshua Rudland in the first round game against Peninsula Power... Rudland is also joining Olympic (though he didn’t play the Charity Cup), listed amongst their squad list in the Match Programme. Jonty Roubos played for Olympic two years ago and is back after a stint with Miramar Rangers. He used to be a Nix Academy fella too. And Luke Tongue is not only an ex-WeeNix player but he’s a current WeeNix coach within the youth grades, hence the move back to Wellington where he’s also linking up with this lot as a player.
Tongue featured off the bench in the Charity Cup. As did new Irish import striker Joel Coustrain. No sign of Eddie Wilkinson against his old team but word is that he’s followed Ifill/Quainoo. A Joel Stevens for Eddie Wilkinson swap deal is about as equitable as it’s going to get. Oh and they’ve also scooped up Oli Colloty after a spell with Auckland City, and it appears that Jesse Randall is back, although that’s potentially only for the first few months as he eyes a gig with the Auckland A-League side. Gabriele Matanisiga is another funky addition – a 28 year old Fijian international defender, signed after a brief trial period.
That Auckland ALM team has the potential to seriously shake up the domestic scene, especially if they begin by scooping up a few Auckland City players. Plenty of them who’d fit the bill. The Navy Blues remain the team to beat every year, even if Wellington Olympic can now claim to have found something close to parity with them. ACFC have already lost a few key defenders over the past couple years (Kaltack, Brotherton, Mitchell) and if they lose, for example, one or two of their star midfielders then they’d have a hell of a job replacing them.
We’ll see what that lot looks like as soon as next week because that’s when the Oceania Champions League qualifiers take place. Auckland City vs Wellington Olympic. Two legs, one home and one away. Last year those two teams served up a fantastic 180 minutes of football with Auckland City advancing thanks to an Emiliano Tade-inspired late comeback.
Not sure why the need for qualifiers. It seems like Wellington Olympic winning the National League final should have been their qualification, but then we know what Oceania Football are like. We just got through a Women’s Olympic qualifying tournament which ended right as the international window began for some reason. And FIFA aren’t much better because their move to a four-year Club World Cup cycle means that the best performing team over that four-year period gets Oceania’s lone spot... which is already guaranteed to be Auckland City no matter what Wellington Olympic (or any of the other clubs) get up to in this edition.
Granted, there is also going to be an annual Intercontinental Cup each December that’s a similar format to the old CWC, except with only the six continental champs. So that’s what they’re competing for. The OFC winner will face wither the Asian or African winner, depending on how the draw goes. Winner of that game faces whichever of those AFC/CAF clubs didn’t play the first round, then the winner of that plays the winner of North/Central America vs South America. The European champions await in the final. Five games overall, nice and quick.
We can hit pause on the Auckland City stuff until a later date. Let us at least see who shows up on a teamsheet before indulging in the speculation. We do know for sure that Emiliano Tade (and Aidan Carey) have left for Western Springs... but while Tade’s a huge name, he’s also 35 years old and mostly only played the last 15-20 minutes of matches last year. Obviously Colloty’s left too, though he was never a key figure. They’ve picked up former England youth international Joe Ridley to bolster the frontline and maybe this year the two Vanuatu lads they signed (Jordy Tasip and Timothy Boulet) might find more of a spotlight. But yeah, let’s let that one simmer for now.
Wellington Olympic also rolled with what looked like a 4-1-4-1 formation. That’s particularly funky for Olympic because they’ve become renowned for operating with a back three with very high wingers so that’s a change under Ifill/Quainoo that could take some getting used to. However most of the spine of that championship side remained. Scott Basalaj in goal. A back four, from right to left, of: Tam Dimairo, Justin Gulley, Ben Mata, and Supyk. Tor Davenport-Petersen holding in midfield. Gavin Hoy and Hamish Watson in front of him with Nguyen and Jack-Henry Sinclair out wide. Oli Colloty up topskees. From across the great divide of the offseason, the Greeks still had six of their National League final first XI also start this match, with a seventh (Kailan Gould) coming off the bench. Two of the other starters here were subs in that match.
This Charity Cup game exists mostly to set the scene for the domestic season, so that’s what this article has done. The shifting sands are unavoidable, which is probably a good thing for competitive balance across the three regions. The fact that Auckland City looked unusually wobbly last National League and are entering 2024 with more question marks than they’re used to. The fact that Wellington Olympic and Christchurch United both have new coaches, have had to replace their top scorers amongst other key figures from their successes in 2023 (United more than Olympic, to be fair). These things ought to keep any of them from lapping the field.
Plenty of teams from outside last year’s NL qualifiers seem to be loading up with that target in mind too, while the potential of the Auckland ALM side to hoard up some of the best domestic players could have a huge impact by the time the next National League phase swings around. Which, by the way, is exactly what that club should be doing. Don’t go dragging All Whites away from settled professional spots. Sign free agents and domestic players. The Welly Nix have shown those blokes are good enough. Expand the professional player pool by giving opportunities to lads who don’t already have them, rather than shrinking it by dragging guys back home.
But with all that laid out... you probably want to know how the Charity Cup game actually went, right? Okey doke. This being the first game of the year and all, you can excuse a slower tempo. Nguyen did manage to find some good width on a few occasions, setting up a chance for Sinclair which was blocked, while Davenport-Petersen also tried his luck from range. CUFC had a couple of good instances where Yoo’s dribbling came to the forefront. However it always felt like a preseason affair and the changes at both clubs only added to that stuttering sense.
Yet there was nothing unfamiliar about seeing Ben Mata nod home a header from a corner kick on 33’. It was Supyk with the delivery, which Watson headed onwards to Hoy who headed onwards to Mata. Nicely done. Mata would later get outdone by his brother who logged two goals and two assists for Sligo Rovers over in Ireland a couple days later... though only Ben got lift a trophy. Funnily enough, the last time Ben Mata lifted a trophy (the MNL final on 26 September 2023), Max Mata had just that morning scored his first goal for Shrewsbury Town. Those Mata Bros need to learn how to share the spotlight with each other.
So that was 1-0 to Olympic at half-time, at which point the Rams threw on Jackson Cole in place of Yoo. That was one of the maximum ten subs made during this second half, with both teams recognising the preseason atmosphere. Yoo had been sharp, albeit with a tendency to chop infield too often, but they’d struggled to get Joel Stevens involved on the other wing. That trend would improve in the second half... alas, the Greeks also made a HT change with Kailan Gould on for Oli Colloty. That sent Watson into the number nine position where he promptly made it 2-0 by putting his noggin on the end of a Nguyen cross.
Around about the hour mark we saw Jonty Roubos and the Fijian international Gabriele Matanisiga replace Sinclair and Mata for WO. Then Rico Pradhan popped up at right back for CU. By now the substitutions were sucking the flow out of the contest, although Ta Eh Doe tried to inject some energy back into the match in non-recommended fashion by clattering into Hamish Watson with a sliding challenge. Several categories of weight difference between those two hombres. Watto is not the bloke to mess with. Doe got booked, then got subbed, as United would also deploy Zachary Bennett, Waisea Henry, and Thomas Chao. Lots of youth. There should be plenty of chances for lads like that to keep getting game time throughout the season – it’ll be fun to see who’s still contributing when the National League rolls around.
Meanwhile, Olympic also gave club debuts to Luke Tongue and Joel Coustrain and guess what? Those two combined for a third goal on 74’. Christchurch Utd hadn’t looked like they were going to find a way back but three goals make it safe regardless. The best chance for the visitors came after 84 mins when a Stevens corner kick was turned onto the post, Pradhan might have been the culprit, before Brazier saw a header (also from a Steven cross) brilliantly saved by Scott Basalaj.
That was more than Brazier could take because two minutes later he was sent off for an off-the-ball incident. This was bare minimum camera set up, they didn’t even pack the scaffolding, so we didn’t see exactly what happened – but it looked like Tongue had stepped across Brazier to block him off and MB must have retaliated because there were no arguments when the red flashed out of the ref’s pocket. If you watch it back you’ll see Justin Gulley give him a serve as he walks off, then Tam Dimairo pretends to drop a shoulder into him as he passes...
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https://www.flashscore.com/team/team-wellington/hvTmeOs2/
|
en
|
Team Wellington live scores, results, fixtures
|
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Team Wellington page on Flashscore.com offers livescore, results, standings and match details (goal scorers, red cards, …).
|
en
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https://static.flashscore.com/res/_fs/image/4_favicons/_fs/favicon.ico?v=8
|
https://www.flashscore.com/team/team-wellington/hvTmeOs2/
|
HELP: You are on Team Wellington live scores page in Football/New Zealand section. Flashscore.com offers Team Wellington livescore, final and partial results, standings, home stadium with official capacity, squad updates (signed and sold players, transfer fees, loan deals, free agents and complete squad list), team coach and match details (goal scorers, red cards, odds comparison, …). Besides Team Wellington scores you can follow 1000+ football competitions from 90+ countries around the world on Flashscore.com. Just click on the country name in the left menu and select your competition (league results, national cup livescore, other competition). Team Wellington scores service is real-time, updating live.
|
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dbpedia
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2
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http://www.wellingtonunited.org.nz/history-timeline.html
|
en
|
Wellington United Affiliated Football Club (AFC) - Your one stop shop for football in Wellington!
|
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History Timeline: The timeline of Wellington United's colourful and intriguing past!
|
en
|
WELLINGTON UNITED AFC (EST 1893)
|
https://www.wellingtonunited.org.nz/history-timeline.html
|
1800's:
1893 – Diamond Football Club is founded as a junior football club by members of the Star Rugby Club, who wished to play football.
1894 – Diamond win their first trophy the Junior Cup
1900's:
1900, 04, 05, 06, 08 – Diamond win the Venus Shield
1920's:
1929 – Diamond win the Venus Shield
1950's:
1954 – Zealandia is founded by Dutch immigrants.
1960's:
1962 – Hungaria is formed by Hungarian immigrants.
1963, 64, 65 - Diamond win Venus Shield
1964 – Zealandia changes its name to Wellington United.
1965 –Diamond win Central Region Championship and reach North Island Final of the Chatham Cup
1967 – Hungaria Wins the Venus Shield
1968 – Diamond and Wellington United Merge to form Wellington Diamond United (WDU).
1968 – WDU and Hungaria play in the first Central League
1970's:
1970 – Hungaria win a playoff against Auckland's North Shore United and become the 8th team in the inaugural National League
1970 – Hungaria form New Zealand's first women's club
1971 – Hungaria combine with Miramar Rangers and form Wellington City to compete in the National League.
Both clubs retain their identity in lower divisions
1972 - WDU win the Central League and promotion to the National League
1974 – Despite setting a League record score in beating Eastern Suburbs 8-0 and reaching the Final of the Chatham Cup (lost 0-2 to Christchurch United) WDU are relegated
1974 – Hungaria wins Central League Division Two.
1975 – Wellington City relegated from the National League, Miramar Rangers withdraw from Wellington City arrangement.
1975 – Wellington Diamond United wins Central League, ironically taking the place of Wellington City in the National League.
1976 – Wellington Diamond United wins the National League!
1979 – Hungaria merge with Wellington City
1980's:
1981 – Wellington Diamond United wins the National League!
1981 – Young WDU Striker, Wynton Rufer, makes his debut for New Zealand
1985 – Wellington Diamond United wins the National League! The team was made entirely of New Zealand born players and had an average age of only 23
1986 – Wellington Diamond United and Wellington City merge to form Wellington United AFC.
1990's:
1991 – Wellington United reach the final of the Chatham Cup, but go down 2-1 to Christchurch United
1992 – The National League is abolished. Wellington United enter the Super Club
1996 - The National League is re-established and moved to Summer. Wellington United make the finals
1998 - Wellington United withdraw from the National League due to financial issues
1999 - Wellington United Dreamers, become the clubs first team and win Central League Division 2
2000's:
2000 - The Central League is discontinued, Wellington United enter Capital Division 1 and win it
2001 - Wellington United win Capital Premier Division
2005 - The Central League is re-established and Wellington United win promotion to it
2009 – Wellington United Women's team win the Capital Women's Premier League and promotion to the Women's Central League for the first time.
2009 - Wellington United are relegated from Central League
2010's:
2011 – Wellington United win promotion back to the Men's Central League.
2013 – Double tragedy as Men's Central League are relegated to the Premier League for the 2nd time in 4 years, and as a consequence the Premier League team (Reserves) are automatically relegated to Capital One.
2015 – Wellington United AFC form a partnership with the Wellington Phoenix FC.
2015 – Wellington United win the Premier League and then win promotion back to the Central League.
2015 – Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, come runners up in the Women's Central League.
2016 – Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, wins the Women's Central League!
2017 - Wellington United women's second team the Sapphires wins the Capital Women's Premier League.
2017 - Maggie Jenkins becomes the clubs first female international player when she makes her debut for the Football Ferns against Thailand
2018 – Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, wins the Women's W-League!
2018 - Wellington United women's 1st team, the Diamonds, win the Kelly Cup and get to the Semi Final of the Kate Sheppard Cup
2018 - Wellington United celebrate 125 years
2019 - The Joint venture between Wellington Phoenix and Wellington United comes to an end
2019 – Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, wins the W-League! ... for the 3rd time in 4 seasons!
2020's:
2020 – Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, wins the W-League!
2021 - Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, wins the W-League! ... for the 4th time in 5 seasons!
2021 - Wellington United Women's 1st team the Diamonds, win the Kate Sheppard Cup
|
|||||
4946
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dbpedia
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2
| 8 |
https://www.ultimatenzsoccer.com/NZRepSoccer/id154.htm
|
en
|
National League
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The growth of the game in this country was such in the years following the Second World War that the formation of a National League was imperative for growth to continue.
The new concept to New Zealand soccer - its twin objectives being to provide top competitive soccer in as many geographical centres as possible and to maintain the best playing standards - was finally unveiled in 1970, with the nation's eight leading clubs playing each other on a home-and-away basis. The success enjoyed in that first season saw two more teams added to the competition for the 1971 campaign, and a further two sides were introduced six years later.
Throughout the 1970s, it was not uncommon for 10,000-strong crowds to be in attendance at National League matches, such was its pulling power. Mt. Wellington and Christchurch United were the gun teams, in what were memorable days for New Zealand club soccer, leading up, of course, to the All Whites' 1982 successes.
In the years following, however, the National League began to lose its novelty value, other sports, most notably rugby, having studied what soccer had done and set up their own national championships in direct opposition to the innovators of the concept in this country.
This hurt clubs by way of reduced gates, while travel costs between the various venues around the country, which, in the 1980s, were as far-flung as Napier, Nelson, Dunedin, Gisborne and Auckland, meant that clubs really started to feel the pinch financially.
Extending the league to fourteen clubs in 1987 stretched resources even more, and not just financial constraints. Quality playing resources were also at a premium, despite plenty of players willing to play at the highest level in New Zealand soccer.
Few players who were involved in the last ten years of the competition were worthy of mention in the same breath as any number of their predecessors, whose skills and personalities had done so much to put bums on seats during the National League's hey-day of the 1970s and early 1980s.
Those that warranted mention tended to play alongside each other, making their clubs - the likes of Gisborne City, Napier City Rovers and, in most recent years, Waitakere City and Central United, not forgetting those hardy perennials from The Mount and Christchurch - the dominant forces in the game from about 1983 onwards.
Eventually, in 1992, the curtain came down on the National Soccer League in New Zealand, the replacement being a competition called the Superclub Championship, which lasted just three years. It was largely a regionally-based competition, with the top three teams in each region coming together after the round-robin phase to contest a Top Eight play-off competition, with the top four then going on to contest another series of play-offs to determine New Zealand soccer's Superclub.
In some ways, this was worse than the National League, for while it saved the majority of clubs from having to travel the length and breadth of the country, it resulted in an even greater dilution of playing resources, and regular instances of lop-sided scorelines - wonderful stuff for the statistically-minded, not so for the game's greater good.
A further change in format was made in 1996, and, with it, a change in playing season. Ten teams took part in the inaugural National Summer Soccer League, and the crowds came back, although not on the same scale as had been seen in the 1970s at venues such as Auckland's Newmarket Park, the spiritual home of New Zealand soccer, at least until Mother Nature played her hand, by way of a land subsidence, on a rainswept night in July 1979.
The new league marked a return to the ideals of the original National Soccer League, with the number of teams involved being just right, given the quantity of quality players now playing the game in this country. As well, the crowd-pulling play-off concept was used to determine the competition's overall winner, despite the concerns of traditionalists, who considered the real league winners to be the team which won the round-robin phase.
Once again, however, the issue of finance was to play a key role, and the demise of two of the inaugural contenders within a couple of years of the competition's commencement brought a premature end to what was, in principle, the ideal league competition as far as New Zealand soccer was concerned.
The 1999 winter campaign has seen a return to regionally based football, with a twelve-team North Island League and an eight-team South Island League. Central United emerged as national club champions after the September final, downing Dunedin Technical 3-1 after extra-time.
This concept lasted a year, before a return to a National League format came to pass, in the form of the National Club Championship. After dominating the competition in its round-robin phase, University-Mt. Wellington - in their first year of operation since amalgamation - were beaten 4-2 on penalties by Napier City Rovers in the Grand Final, after the combatants had served up two distinctly forgettable hours action on a North Harbour Stadium pitch which was, quite frankly, a disgrace to football.
The 2001 campaign saw Miramar Rangers emerge triumphant over the premiership phase of the competition, but they stumbled at the final hurdle at
the hands of Central United, who came from behind to win a gripping Grand Final 3-2, the only time they had defeated Miramar in four meetings throughout the season.
A year on, and it was Miramar's turn to celebrate, as they downed the premiership phase champions, Napier City Rovers, 3-1 in the Grand Final, concluding a campaign which saw three of the four Auckland entries finishing in the bottom four, including the defending champions.
The defending champions retained their crown the following season, a last-gasp winner from hat-trick hero Rupert Ryan seeing off East Auckland - a composite of the Eastern Suburbs, Ellerslie, Fencibles United and University-Mt. Wellington clubs - 3-2 in the Grand Final, a fitting finale to possibly the most closely contested National League for some years.
It may well have marked the end of National League football as we've known it, however, as an eight-team franchise-based league kicked off in October 2004, replacing the club-based competition which had become uneconomical, with too many clubs falling on hard times as the pursuit of grandeur was all too often made at the expense of financial prudence.
The inaugural competition saw Auckland City prove themselves cream of the crop over the round-robin phase of the competition, and they went on to clinch the inaugural NZ Football Championship with a last-gasp 3-2 victory over cross-town rivals and season-long title challengers, Waitakere United.
They repeated the feat a year later, winning the Grand Final on penalties over Canterbury United after topping the table after twenty-one rounds.
Four in a row proved beyond Auckland in 2008. Instead, their cross-town rivals, Waitakere United, finally shed the bridesmaid tag with which they were becoming accustomed, and swept all before them - National Youth League, NZFC Premiership and Grand Final, and potential back-to-back OFC Champions League crowns.
The West Aucklanders were relieved of the crown a season later by their cross-town rivals, Auckland City sweeping all before them, including professional teams from the United Arab Emirates and Africa en route to finishing fifth at the FIFA Club World Cup Finals, an unprecedented feat for an amateur team.
But Waitakere were back in the winners' circle in 2010, Allan Pearce scoring in his third consecutive NZFC Grand Final as United came from behind to down ten-man Canterbury United 3-1, the beaten team having made the showpiece fixture after finishing bottom of the league in each of the last two seasons.
A year later, the West Aucklanders savoured success again, this time at the expense of their cross-town arch-rivals by the odd goal in five after a season in which the Queen City duo were head and shoulders above all-comers.
And in 2012, Waitakere followed Auckland in "three-peating" the NZFC, crushing Team Wellington 4-1 in the Grand Final - the biggest scoreline in the showpiece fixture - following a season in which history was made by Auckland, who went through the entire round-robin phase of the competition unbeaten, only to come unstuck in the semi-finals.
The "Old Firm" were at it again in the 2013 final, Waitakere prevailing over Auckland by the odd goal in seven in a barnstorming encounter to win the title for a fifth time.
City matched that achievement a year later via an odd-goal win over Team Wellington, before overcoming maiden finalists Hawkes Bay United 2-1 in the 2015 final to take the crown for a record-equalling sixth time.
But they weren't able to make it a second three-peat a year later, Team Wellington coming from behind to win their maiden crown, downing Auckland 4-2 after extra time in the final, after City had gone the entire season unbeaten.
A year later, the Wellingtonians repeated the dose, this time prevailing 2-1 to claim their second successive crown. But a third successive crown eluded them in 2018, as Auckland gained sweet revenge with a 1-0 win in a cagey final, in the process extending an amazing defensive record to 1188 minutes - they haven't conceded a goal in their last ten NZFC fixtures, as well as three OFC Champions League matches.
Eastern Suburbs clinched the title in 2019 with a comprehensive 3-0 rout of Team Wellington to claim the silverware for the first time in 48 years, and exactly 40 years after the club had been relegated from the National League.
The 2020 season was halted after sixteen games in the interests of safety, a result of the Coronavirus pandemic sweeping across the planet. The play-offs were canned, and Auckland City declared champions, the seventh successive season they've finished top of the pile, and the eleventh time in the sixteen seasons in which the NZFC has operated.
A year later, Auckland made it eight straight premiership phase titles, but it was Team Wellington who took out the very last ISPS Handa Premiership, downing City 4-2 in the Grand Final of a competition which is being replaced by a winter-based Superclub-style competition, the winner of which will be crowned each December.
|
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| 19 |
https://www.friendsoffootballnz.com/2024/08/09/wellington-phoenix-sign-top-level-striker-for-new-womens-a-league-campaign/
|
en
|
level striker' for new women's A
|
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2024-08-09T00:00:00
|
The Wellington Phoenix have signed English forward Olivia Fergusson for their next women's A-League season.Fergusson (29) played for Bristol City and Yeovil Town in the Women’s Super League in England, as well as playing for Celtic in the Scottish Women’s Premier League.She most recently played for Wolverhampton Wanderers in the FA Women’s National League North.
|
en
|
Friends of Football
|
https://www.friendsoffootballnz.com/2024/08/10/wellington-phoenix-sign-top-level-striker-for-new-womens-a-league-campaign/
|
The Wellington Phoenix have signed English forward Olivia Fergusson for their next women’s A-League season.
Fergusson (29) played for Bristol City and Yeovil Town in the Women’s Super League in England, as well as playing for Celtic in the Scottish Women’s Premier League.
She most recently played for Wolverhampton Wanderers in the FA Women’s National League North.
Main photo: Olivia Fergusson … signs as one of the club’s five visa players.
“I’ve obviously played over in England for a long time, and was looking for a new challenge,” Fergusson said.
“Paul (head coach Paul Temple) contacted my agent and asked if I would consider the A-League.
“To be honest, I never thought I’d get an opportunity to play in the A-League, so I was definitely interested.
“I caught up with Paul on a Teams chat, and that was my first real insight into the club and what he was wanting to achieve. I was really hooked after that first call.
“He’d definitely done his research on me, and I feel like what he had interpreted that I can bring really aligned with what I see in myself.”
Fergusson wants to take a prominent role in helping the Phoenix reach the 2024-25 Liberty A-League.finals for the first time.
“I’m an attacking player. I like to contribute with goals and assists, but mostly I just like to work hard for the team out of possession.
“Hopefully, I can bring some leadership and some experience.”
And a nickname picked up in Scotland bodes well for her time in Wellington.
“Obviously, my name is Fergusson, so at Celtic, I picked up the nickname of Fergie after (legendary Manchester United manager) Alex Ferguson.
“He was known for his teams scoring late goals. I did that a couple of times at Celtic and it was known as scoring in Fergie time.
“That stuck, and at Wolves last season I scored a few late goals as well.”
She has also played in the FA Women’s Championship and believes her experience across different divisions will help her adapt to the A-League.
“All the leagues have their different challenges. Some are more technical, some are more tactical, some are more physical. But all of them made me the player that I am now.
“With everything that I’ve done I’ve built quite a well-rounded level of experience, so that will help me.
“Hopefully, I can settle in pretty quickly. Change is not something I’m new to.”
Head coach Paul Temple is delighted Fergusson has signed with the Nix.
“As soon as Olivia came on the radar, I thought she would be a great fit,” Temple said.
“We needed another top-level striker, and she fits the bill. She’s also an experienced player with hunger and drive.
“Olivia’s playing career across the WSL, Championship and SWPL speaks for itself. She’s played at big clubs and knows how football at the top level works.
“She’s a versatile forward who likes to run in behind defenders and the way she plays will fit our style of play brilliantly.
“Supporters want to see players who give their all for the shirt, and everything we have seen from Olivia tells us she is a player the fans will enjoy watching.”
Wolves have farewelled Fergusson, with manager Dan McNamara saying: “She’s only been here for one season but she’s made a fantastic impression on the club and fans.
“When those offers come in and with her being in the latter stages of her career, they’re not something you can turn down. She’ll go and experience a different culture, a different lifestyle and a different league which doesn’t come around very often.
“I’m delighted for Liv. She’ll go out and have an amazing experience out there. I’d like to thank her for all her contributions to Wolves over the last 12 months.
“She was a great addition and we’ll be following her journey closely from over here, and we look forward to seeing her have success in the Australian league.”
Players signed for next season
Phoenix women’s head coach Paul Temple has 12 players contracted for the 2024-25 A-League season, with discussions continuing with other off-contract players.
The players signed are Olivia Fergusson, Alyssa Whinham, Carolina Vilão, Tiana Jaber, Emma Main, Marisa van der Meer, Mackenzie Barry, Olivia Ingham, Zoe McMeeken, Manaia Elliott, Daisy Brazendale and Rebecca Lake.
READ MORE: Phoenix sign goalkeeper Carolina Vilão from Portugese title winners Benfica >>>>
READ MORE: Defender Tiana Jaber becomes ninth women’s A-League signing for Phoenix >>>>
READ MORE: Wellington Phoenix agree new contract to keep forward Emma Main >>>>
READ MORE: Defender Marisa van der Meer signs new deal with Wellington Phoenix >>>>
READ MORE: Wellington Phoenix sign new deal with women’s vice captain Rebecca Lake >>>>
This story was first published on August 9, 2024.
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dbpedia
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2
| 43 |
http://footballdatabase.com/clubs-ranking/team-wellington
|
en
|
Team Wellington (New Zealand): Rankings and Statistics
|
http://footballdatabase.com/logos/club/80px/799.png
|
http://footballdatabase.com/logos/club/80px/799.png
|
[] |
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"history",
"world ranking",
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"national ranking",
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Discover Team Wellington's (New Zealand) Ranking History: World Ranking, Continental Ranking, National Ranking, League Table, and Scores
|
en
|
/images/icons/icon-152x152.png
|
footballdatabase.com
|
http://footballdatabase.com/clubs-ranking/team-wellington
|
Did you know...
Only four players, including the great Gianni Rivera, have played in Serie A at a younger age than Valeri Bojinov (BUL).
|
||
4946
|
dbpedia
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2
| 14 |
https://www.nzfc.co.nz/new-zealand-football-championship/
|
en
|
New Zealand Football Championship
|
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[
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2023-04-14T19:28:59+12:00
|
The New Zealand Football Championship, also known as the ISPS Handa Premiership, is the top-level football league in New Zealand. The league was founded in
|
en
|
NZFC
|
https://www.nzfc.co.nz/new-zealand-football-championship/
| ||||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 58 |
https://www.capitalfootball.org.nz/fixtures-results/juniors/wellingtonwestern-competitions-u9u12
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en
|
Capital Football
|
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This is the official website for Capital Football Federation. The governing body for football in the Capital region including Wellington, Wairarapa .
|
https://www.capitalfootball.org.nz/capitalfootball/fixtures-results/juniors/wellingtonwestern-competitions-u9u12
|
Capital Football, The Home Of Football, Bracken St, Petone, Lower Hutt,
Wellington, New Zealand, 5012
Postal Address: PO Box 33 283, Wellington Mail Centre, Lower Hutt 5045
Email: [email protected]
Phone: +64 4 586 5814
|
|||||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 23 |
https://equestrian.ca/news/canadas-wellington-nations-cup-team-announced/
|
en
|
Canada’s Wellington Nations’ Cup Team Announced
|
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[
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2024-02-23T22:13:07+00:00
|
Ottawa, Feb. 23, 2024 – Get your flags ready Canada! We are pleased to announce the team that will represent the maple leaf at the first jumping Nations’ Cup competition of the year. The following Canadian athletes will ride for Canada in the $150,000 Nations’ Cup CSIO4* presented by Florida Coast Equipment taking place March […]
|
en
|
Equestrian Canada
|
https://equestrian.ca/news/canadas-wellington-nations-cup-team-announced/
|
Ottawa, Feb. 23, 2024 – Get your flags ready Canada! We are pleased to announce the team that will represent the maple leaf at the first jumping Nations’ Cup competition of the year.
The following Canadian athletes will ride for Canada in the $150,000 Nations’ Cup CSIO4* presented by Florida Coast Equipment taking place March 2, 2024, in Wellington, FL
🍁 Individuals
The Canadian team will be back in Florida defending their title from 2023. And returning for a second year as Chef d’Equipe, will be ten-time Olympian, Captain Canada himself, Ian Millar.
Held at the WEF Week 8 Horse Show at Wellington International the all-female team that competed together at the World Championships in Herning, DEN will be ready to shine under the lights on Saturday evening, Mar. 2.
If you happen to be in Wellington for the event, join in and support the CanJump Initative by purchasing a ticket to the Team Canada Watch Party! Tickets are available at usa.struckapparel.com.
– 30 –
|
|||||
4946
|
dbpedia
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0
| 21 |
https://www.police.govt.nz/advice/personal-community/nzcfc
|
en
|
New Zealand Communities Football Cup (NZCFC)
|
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New Zealand Communities Football Cup (NZCFC) has been run annually since 2008. Somalia Wellington, Oman Manawatu and Poland Christchurch are past winners.
|
en
|
https://www.police.govt.nz/sites/all/themes/twbs_police_refresh/favicon.ico
|
New Zealand Police
|
https://www.police.govt.nz/advice/personal-community/nzcfc
|
Follow us - NZCFC Facebook Page.
Congratulations to our 2019 winners!
Palestinian Panthers and Czech Lions gave spectators a nail-biting finish after drawing nil all after extra time! The win secures the Panthers $1,500 prize money and an automatic place in the 2020 tournament. Congratulations also to NZ South Africa who won the plate in a hard-fought match against Ireland to take home the Plate (score 3 to 1). NZ South Africa also produced the tournament MVP – congratulations to Josh Jeftha.
Contact information
For Police staff:
National Partnerships Manager: Ethnic Superintendent Rakesh Naidoo
M 0272156872 E [email protected]
For members of the public:
Please email [email protected]
Tournament Aims
The New Zealand Communities Football Cup (NZCFC) was developed by New Zealand Police in 2008. The tournament uses young people’s passion for football to connect diverse communities, celebrate success and encourage positive social change. It is supported and endorsed by key regional and government agencies.
Promote integration and positive community engagement amongst different communities and with government and local agencies.
Provide an opportunity for community based teams to display their talents at a national level.
Raise awareness of community issues such as family violence through messaging during the tournament.
Address issues and solutions for local youth through the youth conference.
Recruit participants to join police.
Assist participants to realise their potential in sport and life.
Community-based teams compete over a year to represent their region in the finals. There can be up to 1,000 games around the country leading up to the finals.
Past NZCFC winners
2018
Congratulations to RYAN and MFNZ Ruru who were our 2018 NZCFC Men’s and Women’s tournament winners! Congratulations to Plate Winners, Poland, on their 3-0 win over neighbours Hermanos. Another Christchurch team, Irish Rovers beat Kaw Thoo Lei Brothers from Palmerston North in the Bowl Final and RYAN are again Champions with a 1-0 over Ethio-Lions.
2017
Congratulations to RYAN, Ruru Women’s and South Auckland Youth who were our 2017 NZCFC Men’s, Women’s and U-13s tournament winners!
2016
Congratulations to RYAN Mt Roskill and a big thanks to Somalia Auckland for playing so well in a nail-biting final match, and to all of the men’s and women’s teams who participated in the spirit of the tournament.
Final results:
Cup Final Winner – RYAN (Auckland)
Plate Winner – Kaw Thoo Lai United (Palmerston North)
Bowl Winner – NZ Police
Women's Cup Winner – Kurangaituku Maia (Auckland)
Runners Up – Manukau Rebels
2015
Winning team, Men's division: Somalia Wellington
Winning team, Women's 5 Aside: New Zealand Police
Host city: Wellington
Men's winner: Somalia Wellington
Women's winner: New Zealand Police
2014
Winning Team: Somalia (Wellington)
Host city: Wellington
2014 NZCFC tournament programme (PDF, 4.4MB)
2013
Winning Team: RYAN (Auckland)
Host city: Wellington
Winning team photograph
2013 NZCFC tournament programme (PDF, 1.4MB)
2012
Tournament postponed
2011
Winning team: Somalia (Wellington)
Host city: Auckland
Winning team photograph
2011 NZCFC tournament programme (PDF, 3.2MB)
2010
Winning team: Poland (Christchurch)
Host city: Christchurch
Winning team photograph
2010 NZCFC tournament programme (PDF, 5MB)
2009
Winning team: Oman (Manawatu)
Host city: Palmerston North
Winning team photograph
2009 NZCFC tournament programme (PDF, 603KB)
2008
Winning team: Somalia (Wellington)
Host city: Wellington
|
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4946
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dbpedia
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2
| 38 |
https://wellingtonphoenix.com/academy/about-us-academy/
|
en
|
Our academy
|
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2021-10-18T00:38:21+00:00
|
The Wellington Phoenix is New Zealand’s only professional football club and completes in the A-League. The Wellington Phoenix Academy is our youth development system that provides pathways into professional football through our A-League Men’s (ALM) & A-League Women’s (ALW) teams....
|
en
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Wellington Phoenix
|
https://wellingtonphoenix.com/academy/about-us-academy/
|
Our programme focuses on providing the highest quality of coaching, with the best sports science, medical, education, and well-being support. Being the only professional football club in New Zealand creates a unique landscape within the local game. It isn’t possible to play all the other A-League Academy teams in a weekly competition so our Academy teams are invited by New Zealand Football to play in regional and national competitions in the Capital Football region.
Capital Football runs a Capital Development League (CDL) for clubs with Talent Development Programmes (TDP’s). The Phoenix Academy teams in these competitions play at least one grade up. For our older players they play in senior competitions, our Academy teams are all age-restricted (e.g.U20) but play against club 1st teams. Our Reserve Team plays in the new NZF National League System (NLS) Tier 1 which includes the Central League & National League Playoffs. This combination of youth football and senior competitions at a young age builds unique player profiles compared to Academies overseas.
|
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dbpedia
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3
| 74 |
https://horsesport.com/horse-news/canadian-team-named-wellington-nations-cup/
|
en
|
Canadian Team Named For Wellington Nations Cup
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Richard Carmichael"
] |
2023-02-23T04:11:50-05:00
|
These Canadian athletes will compete in the $150,000 Nations Cup CSIO4* taking place March 1-5 in Wellington, FL.
|
en
|
Horse Sport
|
https://horsesport.com/horse-news/canadian-team-named-wellington-nations-cup/
|
Equestrian Canada is pleased to announce the team that will represent the maple leaf at the first jumping Nations Cup competition of the year! The following Canadian athletes will ride for Canada in the $150,000 Nations Cup CSIO4* presented by IDA Development taking place March 1-5, 2023, in Wellington, FL.
Canada’s Nations Cup Team (in alphabetical order)
Mario Deslauriers, Venise-en-Québec, QC
Horses/Owners:
Emerson, Wishing Well Farm LLC
Bardolina 2, Wishing Well Farm LLC and Mario Deslauriers
Tiffany Foster, Langley, BC
Horses/Owners:
Hamilton, The Hamilton Group
Battlecry, Artisan Farms LLC and Kent Farrington LLC
Amy Millar, Perth, ON
Horses/Owners:
Truman, Millar Brooke Farm LTD. & Overlund
Christiano, Future Adventures
Beth Underhill, Mulmur, ON
Horse/Owner:
Nikka VD Bisschop, Rein Family LLC
Individuals representing Canada
Erynn Ballard, Tottenham, ON
Horses/Owners:
Coconet, Wight Show Stables
Hero, Esperanza Imports LLC and Ilan Ferder
Sam Walker, Nobleton, ON
Horses/Owners:
Equine America Ivanhoe GPH, Amy Mason
Evita, MarBill Hill Farm
The prestigious competition, held in the sunshine state during Week 8 of the 2023 Winter Equestrian Festival features teams from around the world vying for top honours. Some of the most talented riders and horses in show jumping will be there to represent their countries during the annual event.
A staple on Canada’s Nations Cup teams during his riding career, newly appointed Technical Advisor (TA) and Chef d’Equipe for the Canadian Equestrian Team, Ian Millar, will lead the team in Wellington. Millar knows the stakes well, having captured the Longines FEI Nations Cup in Ocala, Florida for Canada in 2018 during one of his last international competitions prior to his retirement.
The ten-time Olympian is looking forward to his first event as Chef and TA for Team Canada. “I am honoured to be the Chef d’Equipe of the Canadian Team,” Millar said as he and the team prepare for next week’s competition. “I am also very proud to lead this group into competition here in Wellington. Six riders from Canada are invited to compete in this week’s Wellington International™ Competition but only four can take part in the Nations Cup. It was a difficult choice to name the team of four as all six would be extremely capable of carrying the flag.”
Millar is confident the team of veteran athletes, three of whom rode at Wellington’s Nations Cup in 2022, and all of whom represented Canada on teams last year, is prepared and will bring their A-game next weekend. “They are a very strong group with great horses and a formidable team attitude. I am predicting a win for Canada in our first Nations Cup of the year.”
Last year, the Canadian team took second place behind Ireland and were fifth in the same event in 2021. This year’s competition promises to be an exciting kick off to the team’s 2023 season on the road to the Pan American Games in Santiago, Chile that begin on October 20.
|
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|
dbpedia
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| 82 |
https://www.aucklandcityfc.com/news/2284/12/Register-for-Youth-Futsal-Championship-team-trials/
|
en
|
Register for Youth Futsal Championship team trials
|
http://www.aucklandcityfc.com/uploads/news/id2284/20240809_futsal.jpg
|
http://www.aucklandcityfc.com/uploads/news/id2284/20240809_futsal.jpg
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"Auckland City FC"
] | null |
Auckland City is thrilled to announce the trials for the 2024 Youth Futsal Championship
|
en
|
favicon.ico
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Auckland City FC
|
http://www.aucklandcityfc.com/news/2284/12/Register-for-Youth-Futsal-Championship-team-trials/
|
AUCKLAND ,New Zealand - Auckland City is thrilled to announce the trials for the 2024 Youth Futsal Championship
Since 2021, the club has partnered with Northern Region Football to field regional representative teams in the national tournament.
Under the guidance of Futsal White Dylan Manickum and Futsal Ferns head coach Nic Downes, the 2024 program will feature two girls’ teams and two boys’ teams in the U15 and U19 age categories. Futsal players from across the Auckland region are invited to trial for these prestigious representative teams.
The teams will undergo a seven-week training program leading up to the national tournament, which will be held in Wellington from Saturday, December 7 to Tuesday, December 10.
“Our training program will immerse the players in futsal-specific technical and tactical sessions with our specialist futsal coaches. Teams will then take to court to compete against the best futsal players from across the country over four days in Wellington,” said Dylan Manickum.
Team trials are scheduled for Wednesday, September 18 & 25 for girls and Friday, September 20 & 27 for boys. A full overview of the program, including trial details, can be found here.
Trial registration can be completed here.
Please contact Dylan Manickum with any questions via email [email protected]
Ends
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4946
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dbpedia
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0
| 37 |
https://www.friendsoffootballnz.com/2024/06/26/new-zealand-squad-named-for-ofc-u-16-mens-championship-tournament/
|
en
|
New Zealand squad named for OFC U
|
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[
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2024-06-26T00:00:00
|
A 23-player squad has been named to represent New Zealand at the OFC U-16 Men's Championship in Tahiti.The eight-nation tournament will be held in Tahiti from July 28-August 10, 2024.The OFC U-16 Men’s Championship decides which nation will represent Oceania at the 2025 FIFA U-17 Men’s World Cup.The squad, named by national U-17 head coach Martin Bullock, will gather for a training camp in Auckland from July 21-25.
|
en
|
Friends of Football
|
https://www.friendsoffootballnz.com/2024/06/26/new-zealand-squad-named-for-ofc-u-16-mens-championship-tournament/
|
A 23-player squad has been named to represent New Zealand at the OFC U-16 Men’s Championship in Tahiti.
The eight-nation tournament will be held in Tahiti from July 28-August 10, 2024.
Head coach Martin Bullock’s squad features 17 players based in Aotearoa New Zealand, and six playing overseas in Australia, England and Germany.
The winners, runners-up and third-placed team from the tournament will qualify for the 2025 FIFA U-17 World Cup to be played in Qatar.
The squad, named by national U-17 head coach Martin Bullock, will gather for a training camp in Auckland from July 21-25.
New Zealand squad
Pedro Botica (Auckland United, New Zealand)
William Britton (Western Springs, New Zealand)
Luke Brooke-Smith (Hamilton Wanderers, New Zealand)
Hunter Cadman (Northern Rovers, New Zealand)
Justin Cardozo (Machado Sydney, Australia)
Aaron Cartwright (Melbourne City, Australia)
Joseph Chalabi (Christchurch United, New Zealand)
Ethan Dyer (Sydney, Australia)
Van Fitzharris (Tauranga City, New Zealand)
Joseph Kalume Banza (Western Sydney Wanderers, Australia)
Damion Kim (East Coast Bays, New Zealand)
Alexander Lienard (Sunderland, United Kingdom)
Nathan Martin (Fencibles United, New Zealand)
Joe Mcintyre (Wellington Phoenix, New Zealand)
Henry Murfitt (Selwyn United, New Zealand)
Daniel Nelson (Wellington Phoenix, New Zealand)
Benjamin Perez Baldoni (Ellerslie, New Zealand)
Jack Perniskie (Wellington Phoenix, New Zealand)
Connor Smith (FC Hennef 05, Germany)
Louis Spillane (Western Springs, New Zealand)
Rakshan Suresh (Western Suburbs, New Zealand)
Luka Vicelich (Auckland City, New Zealand)
Michael Wong (Auckland United, New Zealand)
Head coach Martin Bullock said: “It is always exciting to kick off a new age group cycle and I’m really pleased with the squad we have assembled after extensive scouting and identification games.
“We have seen from recent tournaments that the OFC nations are developing really quickly so these are going to be challenging games, especially for this age group where it is your first taste of international football.
“This is a brilliant opportunity for our players to play completive matches and learn more about what it takes to be successful in the game, so I look forward to working with them to help them achieve their potential.”
The OFC U-16 Men’s Championship
The format of the tournament will consist of two round-robin groups, with the two top teams in the groups meeting in knockout semi-finals.
Fixtures
Game to be played on July 29, 2024 (NZT)
New Zealand v Vanuatu
Stade Pater, Papeete, Tahiti, 10am (NZT)
Game to be played on August 1, 2024 (NZT)
New Zealand v Fiji
Stade Pater, Papeete, Tahiti, 10am (NZT)
Game to be played on August 4, 2024 (NZT)
New Zealand v Cook Islands
Stade Pater, Papeete, Tahiti, 10am (NZT)
Qualification for the FIFA U-17 Men’s World Cup
The FIFA U-17 Men’s World Cup will be expanded to 48 teams from 2025 and be held annually rather than biennially, as part of the governing body’s plan to provide more international competition for youth teams.
The next five editions of the competition, starting in 2025, will take place in Qatar.
READ MORE: New Zealand’s pathway to future FIFA U-17 World Cups gets easier >>>>
This story was first published on June 26, 2024 and has been updated since.
|
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4946
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dbpedia
|
2
| 96 |
https://aucklandfc.co.nz/
|
en
|
The new Auckland A-Leagues football team
|
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2023-12-11T05:12:20+00:00
|
Welcome to Auckland FC. The new Auckland A-Leagues football team. Check our website for the latest on Auckland FC.
|
en
|
Auckland
|
https://aucklandfc.co.nz/
|
2 days ago
Auckland FC kickstart pre-season with draw in Sydney
Auckland FC opened their 2024/25 Australia pre-season tour with a 2-2 draw against the Newcastle Jets at Leichhardt Oval. Auckland FC played their first-ever match against an A-League peer Newcastle Jets. Logan Rogerson scored the opening goal, giving Auckland FC…
|
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4946
|
dbpedia
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0
| 60 |
https://apnews.com/article/rugby-championship-springboks-australia-48154a6b7fc5acd3990b9b5731257219
|
en
|
World champion Springboks seek first Rugby Championship title since 2019
|
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[] |
[
"Rugby",
"New Zealand",
"Sports - Asia",
"Australia",
"s",
"Sports",
"South Africa",
"Wellington",
"France"
] | null |
[
"STEVE McMORRAN"
] |
2024-08-09T02:12:38+00:00
|
South Africa has won two World Cup titles since it last captured the Rugby Championship in 2019 and will attempt to rectify that discrepancy in this season’s tournament which begins when it plays Australia at Brisbane on Saturday.
|
en
|
/apple-touch-icon.png
|
AP News
|
https://apnews.com/article/rugby-championship-springboks-australia-48154a6b7fc5acd3990b9b5731257219
|
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — South Africa has won two World Cup titles since it last lifted the Rugby Championship trophy in 2019. It will attempt to rectify that discrepancy in this season’s tournament which begins when the Springboks play Australia at Brisbane on Saturday.
The All Blacks host Argentina later the same day in Wellington as the Southern Hemisphere nations enter a new phase of the rebuilding process that has followed the last World Cup in France in 2023 in which South Africa beat New Zealand in the final.
All four teams have played three tests so far this season, using July internationals to introduce new players and in the case of Argentina, Australia and New Zealand to get used to new systems under new head coaches.
Australia (Joe Schmidt) and New Zealand (Scott Robertson) both are unbeaten so far under those coaches. Australia won mid-year tests against Wales and Georgia while New Zealand beat England twice and Fiji once.
Argentina under Felipe Contempomi split a two-test series with France and beat Uruguay by a record margin. South Africa won one and lost one test against Ireland in a series between the two top-ranked teams in world rugby — the Springboks won the first match against Ireland 27-20 before losing the second 25-24 — and then beat Portugal 64-21.
South Africa director of rugby Rassie Erasmus used the mid-year tests to induct a number of newcomers into the Springboks lineup and on Saturday will hand starting debuts to 22-year-old flyhalf Sacha Feinberg-Mngomezulu and backrower Elrigh Louw.
Otherwise, there are only three changes to the team that faced Ireland in a move which appears to underline the Springboks’ seriousness about this year’s Championship.
South Africa hasn’t always placed a high emphasis on the Rugby Championship which, since 2019, has been won four times by New Zealand.
But this year is determined to play up to its top world ranking in two matches against Australia in Australia and in two home tests against the All Blacks. The Springboks, who also won the World Cup in Japan in 2019, play Argentina home and away.
“As we tell ourselves internally, we can’t look too far ahead and forget the present. We also just can’t look at the present and I think in the squad you can see that,” Erasmus said, explaining his selection. “I think there are nine guys in the squad that weren’t regulars prior to the World Cup last year.
“I wouldn’t say it is the changing of the guard. It is about giving guys an opportunity . . . “
Erasmus said Feinberg-Mngomezulu “is starting at No. 10 and No. 10 is pivotal in every test match. “But he is somebody we know well. He is not someone who has just fallen into our system.”
Schmidt also has introduced many new players as he works to rebuild the Wallabies after last year’s poor performances, highlighted by their early demise at the World Cup when they failed to make it out of the group stage for the first time.
So far, so good. The Wallabies played with confidence against Wales, given license by Schmidt to express themselves. Their revival has drawn a sellout 50,000-plus crowd to Saturday’s match in Brisbane.
Schmidt said his Wallabies team for the match mixes “continuity with freshness.”
“The players have worked with good enthusiasm during the week but we know there is still plenty to work on,” he said. “We’re conscious of the size of the challenge and the size of our opponents but there’s a keenness in the player group to take a step forward.”
The All Blacks managed, just, to see off England in two tests, winning the first by a point and the second by the margin of a converted try. Their match against Fiji in San Diego allowed Robertson to test a number of new players, though he has reverted to his best lineup on Saturday.
There are some questions still over leadership on the field and imagination in the coaching box. The All Blacks face issues at scrumhalf where the loss of Aaron Smith’s long pass has repercussions on attack and at lock where injuries have opened the way for one-test All Black Sam Darry to start on Saturday.
Argentina will field several players who did not take part in the July tests. Juan Martín González, Juan Cruz Mallía and Lucio Cinti have been named in the starting 15 while Agustín Creevy, Joel Sclavi and Tomás Lavanini are on the bench. Efraín Elías, who also is among the reserves, is set for a test debut.
___
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3
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https://nz.basketball/competitions/reps/
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en
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Basketball New ZealandBasketball New Zealand
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[
"Melinda Hodgson"
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2019-06-22T17:35:22
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en
|
https://nz.basketball/competitions/reps/
|
Tournaments Calendar
Basketball NZ 2024 Tournaments Calendar can be found here.
Tournaments in 2024:
U14 Regionals
U16 Nationals
U18 Nationals
U20 Nationals
TUPU League
Team & Player Registrations
Team Registrations
Teams need to be entered through GameDay.
Go to your association Home Page on GameDay
Click on ‘Teams’
Click ‘Add’ in the top right hand corner
Then fill in the information to enter a team into the competition
You will receive a confirmation email once your team has been entered
Player Registrations
Players must self register to your association before they can be added to the team
Please send your players the following link to register for the correct tournament:
U14 Regionals
U16 Nationals
U18 Nationals
U20 Nationals
TUPU League (Women’s Finals)
TUPU League (Men’s Finals)
Once players have registered to the association, they can be added to each team by clicking on “Modify Team List” under each team.
For a full guide on how to register your team or add players to your teams, click here.
Regulations for Eligibility
Regulation for Eligibility can be found here
Restrictions on Eligibility (page 5)
A player may play in only one of the Under 14 Regionals or Under 16 or Under 18 or Under 20 age group BBNZ Competitions, in any one year
An Under 18 or an Under 20 player may play in their age group in BBNZ competitions in any one calendar year, and also play in the TUPU League in that same calendar year.
Age Eligibility (page 4)
U14 Regionals – players must be aged either 11, 12 or 13 years as at 31 December in the year in which the competition is held. In 2024 players may compete if born in 2011, 2012, 2013
U16 Nationals – players must be aged either 13, 14 or 15 years as at 31 December in the year in which the competition is held. In 2024 players may compete if born in 2009, 2010, 2011
U18 Nationals – players must be aged either 15, 16 or 17 years as at 31 December in the year in which the competition is held. In 2024 players may compete if born in 2007, 2008, 2009
U20 Nationals – players must be aged at least 15 years on the first day that the competition commences, and must not be over 19 years as at 31 December in the year the competition is held. In 2024 players may compete if born in 2005, 2006, 2007
TUPU League – all players must be aged 15 years on the first day that the competition commences
Loans & Transfers
Loans
There can be a maximum of 3 loan players per team at Nationals. Loans are used for players that:
the players home association is NOT entering a team into Nationals Qualifiers
E.g. Mid Canterbury is not entering a team for U18 Nationals Qualifiers, so players can be loaned to Canterbury
the player has trialed for their home association, and not been selected
E.g. Player trialed for Wellington but did NOT get selected, so can be loaned to Hutt Valley
the players home association’s team did not make Nationals
E.g. Eastern Southland went to Nationals Qualifiers and did not make Nationals, but Southland did, so the player can be loaned to Southland for Nationals
Loans must between associations within the same zone, and be requested through GameDay, under a ‘Local Interchange’.
Transfers
Transfers are for players that have moved away from their association (moved from Waikato to Auckland for school), or live and school in two different association boundaries.
Once you transfer, you MUST remain with that association for a minimum of 2 years.
For all information about loans & transfers, click here.
Seeding for Tournaments
U16/U18/U20
Results from Qualifying Tournaments will be used as the base for Nationals Seeding.
The final team placings from the previous years tournament are changed from the team name, to the zone they come from, for example:
Nelson won Aon U17 Boys Nationals in 2023, so Zone 5 will have the top spot for U18 Boys Nationals in 2024
The top spot will be taken by the first placed team at the Zone 5 boys qualifying tournament
Once all team names have been changed to the zone in which they come from, the results from each qualifying tournament will be loaded and the snake method will be used to place teams into pools.
U14 Regionals
As there are no Qualifying Competitions, seedings shall be based on the standing of teams from the previous year’s competition using the same principles as above.
Please note: BBNZ will establish the competition pool structure and the teams within each pool and the game schedule for all BBNZ Competitions. The structure for draws of BBNZ Competitions is subject to availability of court space, time, and the number of teams and days of the Competition. BBNZ has the right, in its complete discretion, to decide the structure, seedings and draw as required to meet the practical needs of any BBNZ Competition.
Draws & Results
Basketball NZ uses GameDay for all of our online draws and results.
All draws and results for representative tournaments can be found here.
Alternatively, you can download the GameDay app, and follow these steps:
Click on the Tshirt at the bottom of the page
Search ‘BBNZ’ under ‘Leagues’
Click on BBNZ Tournaments
You can then find the tournament that you are wanting to follow
Sideline Behaviour
The level of undesirable sideline behaviour at BBNZ tournaments has, regrettably, increased in recent times.
Examples of such behaviours include inappropriate comments, by spectators, directed at match officials, coaching staff, children, volunteers and tournament/stadium staff, swearing, yelling abuse, racism, athlete confrontation, overly loud and aggressive attitude etc.
We ask that you work with us to support efforts to minimise these behaviours.
Be A Great Supporter.
Let them play.
These are kids. This is a game. Coaches are volunteers. Refs are human. This is not the NBA.
Our full ‘Be A Great Supporter’ document and ‘Code of Conduct’ can be found here.
Coaches Information
It is a requirement for anyone coaching at Basketball New Zealand sanctioned events to be registered on our database and complete 3 online modules (listed below). This initiative is based on creating safer and more secure basketball environments for tamariki, rangatahi, and vulnerable adults, as well as those charged with holding a duty of care and responsibility for our participants ie BBNZ, associations, and clubs.
The process
Step 1: Register with BBNZ as a coach via The Huddle (Game Day) here. Coaches will be required to renew their registration annually.
Step 2: Complete the following three online learning modules via Sport Tutor.
Coaching Safety Net
Basketball New Zealand Aktive: Good Sports Foundation Modules
Thriving Under Fire
If you have already completed these modules, you will not be required to complete them again.
We also encourage all secondary school coaches and administrators to complete the DrugFree Sport NZ Level 1 E-Learning course, that is designed for support personnel who have never received anti-doping education.
It can be found at this link here.
Tournament Fees
TBC
Mouthguards
Competition Balls
The Molten BG3800 Composite Leather Basketball is used for all association age group tournaments:
Size 5 – B5G3800 (for U14 Girls only)
Size 6 – B6G3800
Size 7 – B7G3800
A reminder that if orders are received before the end of February, associations will received an additional 20% off all association pricing for selected Molten products!
The Molten order form can be found here.
Contact Us
|
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dbpedia
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| 42 |
https://www.soccertoday.com/underdogs-team-wellington-fc-at-fifa-club-world-cup-uae-2018/
|
en
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UNDERDOGS: TEAM WELLINGTON FC AT FIFA CLUB WORLD CUP UAE 2018 • SoccerToday
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"Chris Rael",
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"Isabela Vernier",
"Hector Trujillo",
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"Heather Mangieri",
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2018-12-09T02:27:31+00:00
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SoccerToday - Voice of American Soccer
|
en
|
SoccerToday
|
https://www.soccertoday.com/underdogs-team-wellington-fc-at-fifa-club-world-cup-uae-2018/
|
Team Wellington FC Claims A Spot On The World Football Map
Team Wellington FC may be heading into their maiden FIFA Club World Cup tournament as underdogs in the eyes of some, but the spirited semi-professionals from New Zealand are determined to make a statement at the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2018, which includes a seven-star line-up of teams this year featuring some of the world’s most famous football clubs.
Soccer News: The FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2018 is Team Wellington FC may be heading into their maiden FIFA Club World Cup tournament as underdogs in the eyes of some, but the spirited semi-professionals from New Zealand are determined to make a statement at the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2018, which includes a seven-star line-up of teams this year featuring some of the world’s most famous football clubs.
Team Wellington could be considered underdogs but according to their FIFA website page, they are a tough team to overrun.
“We are expecting the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2018 to be a huge but exciting challenge for us. It is our first experience playing at this level, something we are very excited about and we are honoured to be representing our Oceania Football Federation region,” said Team Wellington FC coach JoseFigueira.
Having booked their place in the FIFA Club World Cup UAE 2018 with a comprehensive 10-3 aggregate victory over Fiji’s Lautoka FC in the OFC (Oceania) Champions League back in May, the Kiwis are now determined to make full use of the opportunity and establish Team Wellington FC on the world football map – starting against tournament hosts Al Ain FC on 12 December.
“This is an incredible opportunity to not only represent our club, but our city and country on the world stage. We are playing against top professional players and we want to perform to the best of our ability. As long as we give a good account of ourselves, I will be happy,” said Team Wellington FC General Manager Peter Becker.
The victory over Lautoka secured a first continental crown for a club that only came into existence back in 2004. In contrast, Team Wellington FC’s opening FIFA Club World Cup opponents Al Ain FC are celebrating their 50thanniversary this year, while defending champions Real Madrid have 116 years of history behind them.
“Four years ago, we set out to play in the FIFA Club World Cup. It has taken us four years to achieve this goal,” said Becker. “Now we want to qualify for next year’s competition. We’ve gotten this far thanks to good coaches, good off-field management and, above all else, a great group of players that have really bought into the team vision.”
“This tournament means a great deal to our club. Team Wellington are determined to use the experience to further strengthen our OFC Champions League title defence – and we hope to return to this tournament again in the near future,” added English national Figueira, an experienced coach who has worked with teams at all levels in New Zealand and the United States for more than 15 years.
“We are under no illusions that we enter this year’s FIFA Club World Cup as firm underdogs. Whilst the expectations for us may be low amongst many observers, we are a team that dreams big – and that dream starts in our opening match against Al Ain.”
Nicknamed ‘Team Welly’, the Oceania side is more accustomed to playing in front of average crowds close to 1,000 in their domestic competition. That will change dramatically when they take the field at Al Ain FC’s impressive 24,000-seat Hazza Bin Zayed Stadium, but the spectacle will be the culmination of years of hard work and effort. Those close to the club are determined to enjoy it.
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4946
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dbpedia
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https://en.soccerwiki.org/squad.php%3Fclubid%3D2143
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Soccer player database, Soccer club database
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Welcome to Soccer Wiki, a free soccer orientated wiki made for the fans, by the fans. Soccer Wiki is a collaborative database and anyone can create and edit data. This community driven database contains information on players, clubs, stadiums, managers, referees, leagues and other data related to the world of soccer.
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dbpedia
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FEI Jumping Nations Cup Wellington CSIO4* Members
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National governing body for equestrian sport in the United States. Uniting the equestrian community by ensuring fairness, safety, and enjoyment since 1917.
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US Equestrian
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https://www.usef.org/team-usa/teams/jumping/team/20
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The show jumping community always knew Robert Ridland as a great rider, but now they also see him as the brilliant, strategic mind guiding the NetJets Show Jumping team to unprecedented success. Ridland brings several decades of international experience to the U.S. Show Jumping.
As an athlete, Ridland competed in the Montreal 1976 Olympic Games and won several grand prix competitions throughout his riding career. Ridland has been extensively involved in the governance of the sport, including several terms as a board member of US Equestrian and the United States Equestrian Team Foundation.
Ridland's vast experience as an international course designer helped shaped his analytical approach to the sport. He won the Course Designer of the Year Award twice while building the courses for the U.S. Olympic Trials and numerous international competitions. As an international official, he was the only American to have served as the FEI Technical Delegate for four FEI World Cup Finals. As a television commentator, he worked for many years as the color analyst for ESPN and CBS, as well as two stints for NBC at the Barcelona and Athens Olympic Games.
Since being named the U.S. Show Jumping Chef d’Equipe/Technical Advisor in 2013, Ridland has led the U.S. team to team bronze medals at the 2014 Alltech FEI World Equestrian Games and Toronto 2015 Pan American Games as well as silver medals in the Rio 2016 Olympic Games and the 2017 FEI Jumping Nations Cup Final.
As a youth athlete, Bliss Heers trained under Hap Hansen in Southern California. In addition to competing on the North American circuit, Heers has been a successful competitor in Europe for many years with numerous top results in the Young Horse division. She splits her time between North America and Europe.
Heers has had major wins over the years, including The Hollywood Reporter Trophy at the 2014 Longines Los Angeles Masters and in 2015 the CSI3*at Herflumagle, Denmark, both with Contendra 22. Heers also won the 2015 3* Riders Cup Grand Prix at Herlflumagle with Cortina 179. Recent wins for Heers include the 2021 $50,000 Adequan® WEF Challenge Round 4 CSI4*; the 2019 CSI3* Table A at Lier, Belgium; and the 2019 Spruce Meadows Continental CSI5* with Antidote de Mars.
Heers made her NetJets® U.S. Jumping Team debut at the 2021 FEI Jumping Nations Cup Wellington CSIO4*, where her double-clear rounds with Antidote de Mars helped the team claim top honors.
In 2022, Heers had a strong start to the season as a member of the NetJets U.S. Jumping Team in FEI Jumping Nations Cup of Knokke – Hippique CSIO5* with Antidote de Mars. She additionally earned a second-place in the CSI5* Vancouver – Langley BC Grand Prix with Goodbye. Heers and Antidote de Mars were third in the Longines Global Champions Tour Grand Prix of Valkenswaard CSI5*, followed by a win in the San Miguel de Allende CSI5* Grand Prix.
Heers started 2023 with a third-place finish in the $146,000 Adequan® WEF Challenge Cup – Round XII CSI5* with Antidote de Mars during week 12 of the Winter Equestrian Festival. The pair helped the NetJets U.S. Jumping Team win the FEI Jumping Nations Cup™ of Mexico at San Miguel de Allende CSIO5*.
Lillie Keenan has represented the U.S. in international competitions including as part of Nations Cup teams at Bratislava (SLV) in 2014; Hickstead (GBR), Spruce Meadows (CAN), and the FEI Jumping Nations Cup Final in Barcelona in 2016; Ocala, Dublin (IRE), and Spruce Meadows in 2017; Wellington and Sopot (POL) in 2018; the FEI Jumping Nations Cup Final in Barcelona in 2021; and Rome (ITA), Wellington, Aachen (GER), and the ECCO FEI World Championships (DEN) in 2022.
Keenan was a standout rider from the start, making headlines for sweeping all three divisions in the 2007 USEF Hunter Pony National Championship at age 10, and then repeated the feat the following year. In 2011, at age 14, she competed against professional athletes and bested the class to take the win in the $100,000 USHJA International Hunter Derby Finals.
As an equitation rider, Keenan collected many of the sport’s top honors, including the inaugural Equitation Challenge at Old Salem Farm Spring Horse Show and the North American Junior Equitation Championship in 2012, The Excellence in Equitation Championship, the Equitation Classic, the USEF Hunter Seat Medal Finals, and the ASPCA Maclay Finals in 2013.
Keenan has been a competitive jumper from an early age. She won team gold at the North American Youth Championship in 2012 and 2013 and individual gold in 2013. In 2013, she rode Pumped Up Kicks to a win in the $125,000 Grand Prix at HITS-on-the-Hudson. Her versatility and success led her to earn the title of USEF Junior Equestrian of the Year that year.
Keenan’s recent top results include a third-place finish in the 2022 CSI5* Paris Grand Prix with Queensland E, as well as a win in the 2021 $37,000 FEI Adequan WEF Challenge Round 1 CSI3* with Argana Van Het Gerendal Z. Keenan won the Martha Jolicoeur Leading Lady Rider Award at the first week of the WEF in 2020.
Keenan graduated from Harvard University in 2019 with a degree in History of Science. She currently trains with McLain Ward.
Brian Moggre started his competitive career in the jumpers, highlighted by a junior individual bronze medal at the 2016 FEI North American Youth Championship (NAYC) and team gold the following year as a young rider athlete, and team gold in 2017 and 2018 at the USEF Junior Jumper National Championships/Prix des States. Moggre continued his success in the equitation ring, winning the Dover Saddlery/USEF Hunter Seat Medal Finals in 2018 and finished as reserve champion at the ASPCA Maclay Finals.
In 2019, Moggre posted his first FEI grand prix win in the FEI Jumping World Cup CSI3*-W at Live Oak with his longtime partner, MTM Vivre Le Reve. He followed his performance up with wins in the 2019 Spruce Meadows Cardel Cup and the Friends of the Meadows Cup with MTM Flutterby, and in the National Horse Show CSI4*-W FEI Jumping World Cup with MTM Vivre Le Reve. Moggre was named to the team representing the U.S. at the 2019 FEI Jumping Nations Cup™ Youth Final CSIOY in Opglabbeek, Belgium, where he and MTM Los Angeles helped secure team gold. Moggre was the 2019 recipient of the United States Equestrian Team Foundation’s Lionel Guerrand-Hermès Trophy.
In 2020, Moggre was part of the winning U.S. team at the FEI Jumping Nations Cup Wellington CSIO4* riding MTM Vivre Le Reve. The pair returned to Wellington in November 2020 to place second in the FEI $137,000 Noltrex®Vet CSI3* Grand Prix.
In 2021, Moggre and Balou Du Reventon helped the U.S. team win the FEI Jumping Nations Cup Wellington CSIO4*. Moggre partnered with MTM Vivre Le Reve to win the $50,000 Adequan WEF Challenge Round 12 CSI4* during week 12 of the Winter Equestrian Festival.
In 2022, Moggre has had a strong season so far with a third-place finish in the $406,000 Fidelity Investments Grand Prix CSI5* with Balou du Reventon, in addition to anchoring the NetJets U.S. Jumping Team with the final trip in the FEI Jumping Nations Cup CSIO5* in Knokke – Hippique aboard Balou du Reventon.
Jessica Springsteen is a lifelong equestrian who started taking riding lessons at age five and has risen through the competitive international ranks to become an Olympian and one of the top jumping athletes for the U.S. She was a dominant force in the equitation ring in her junior years, winning the 2008 ASPCA Maclay Finals and the 2009 WEF Excellence in Equitation Championship.
As a jumper, Springsteen had early success as a member of the Zone 2 Young Riders team that won the silver medal at the 2010 FEI North American Youth Championships and as the individual bronze medalist at the same event. She represented the U.S. as part of FEI Nations Cup teams, including the winning teams in Dublin, Ireland in 2014, Palm Beach, Fla., and Wellington, Fla., in 2020, and Aachen, Germany in 2021.
In March of 2021, Springsteen was named to the NetJets® U.S. Jumping Team that won the FEI Jumping Nations Cup Wellington CSIO4* with Don Juan van de Donkhoeve. In June, she rode RMF Tinkerbell to victory in the Hubside Jumping Grimaud-Gulf of Saint-Tropez’s CSI4* Grand Prix.
Later in 2021, Springsteen was named to the team for the Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, with Don Juan van de Donkhoeve, and helped bring home the team silver medal. She continued her banner year with wins at the €500,000 Rolex Grand Prix CSI 5* at the Brussels Stephex Masters riding RMF Zecilie in August and the CSI2* Grand Prix at Saint-Tropez in September riding Tiger Lily. Jessica Springsteen and Don Juan van de Donkhoeve helped the NetJets U.S. Jumping Team win gold in the the Mercedes-Benz Nations Cup at CHIO Aachen.
In 2022, Springsteen competed as part of Nations Cup team at the FEI Jumping Nations Cup of Knokke Hippique CSIO5* with RMF Zecilie. In the fall, Springsteen and Naomi Van Het Keizershof won the Elite Horse Transport 1.45m CSI3* at ESP Pre-Charity Horse Show.
In 2023, Springsteen and Naomi Van Het Keizershof were second in the CHF37,000 Wellington Equestrian Realty CSI4* during week three of the Winter Equestrian Festival. She was part of the winning team at the FEI Jumping Nations Cup of USA at San Juan Capistrano CSIO5* in with Don Juan van de Donkhoeve. The pair then won the Global Champions Tour Grand Prix of London CSI5*.
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Sieh dir auf Facebook Beiträge, Fotos und vieles mehr an.
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The Official Home of SABR Team Boca
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Calling all Sabr & Team Boca familes. Come join and support the Fau women’s soccer team as they take on UCF on 8/15 in the season opener at 7pm - Fau Football Stadium. ... See MoreSee Less
Team Boca would like to thank Benfica for having a great camp for our Team Boca players. ... See MoreSee Less
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https://wellingtonphoenix.com/about/about-us/
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About Us
|
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2021-10-18T22:43:21+00:00
|
Our History In 2007, professional football in New Zealand was rescued when Wellington property developer Terry Serepisos and Century City Football secured a three-year sub-licence to run a team in the Hyundai A-League – Australasia’s premier professional football competition. After...
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en
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Wellington Phoenix
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https://wellingtonphoenix.com/about/about-us/
|
Our History
In 2007, professional football in New Zealand was rescued when Wellington property developer Terry Serepisos and Century City Football secured a three-year sub-licence to run a team in the Hyundai A-League – Australasia’s premier professional football competition. After the Football Kingz (2005/06) and the New Zealand Knights (2006/07) imploded, it looked certain that Football Federation Australia would pull the pin on a professional New Zealand-based club in the Hyundai A-League. But a small group of people passionate about football in New Zealand kept hopes alive, working tirelessly to convince the FFA that a professional club could survive across the ditch. The Phoenix were awarded a license to play in the Hyundai A-League on 19th March, 2007 and on Sunday 26th August, 2007, Wellington’s first ever professional football teamed took to Westpac Stadium in a credible 2-2 draw with A-League powerhouse the Melbourne Victory.
Since then the Phoenix has gone from strength to strength: over one million people have gone through the gates to watch a Wellington Phoenix A-League match, the Phoenix has broken records for attendances at a football match in New Zealand twice with sell out crowds for the LA Galaxy and David Beckham in 2007, and again against the Newcastle Jets in 2010. The Phoenix has appeared in the A-League finals on four occasions, making the elimination final in 2009-2010 following a stirring semi-final victory against the Jets in front of 32,792 at Westpac Stadium.
In September 2011, the Phoenix was taken over by Welnix, a consortium of some of Wellington’s most successful and influential businesspeople. With business acumen and professional integrity unparallelled in New Zealand business, this consortium has secured the future of the Phoenix for many years to come.
In February 2016, Football Federation Australia granted Wellington Phoenix a 10 year license extension to give the club security heading into the future.
Today Wellington Phoenix is an important and integral part of New Zealand’s sporting landscape, enjoying passionate support from all over New Zealand and the world. With a strong suite of corporate sponsors, a passionate supporter base and the support of the Wellington community in general, Wellington Phoenix’s future looks bright.
In 2019, The New Working Leagues Group (NWLG) reached in-principle an agreement on recommendations for a New Era for Football in Australia by becoming an Independent league from Football Federation Australia.
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https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/newsarticle/62846
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Wellington qualify for World Cup in style
|
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Team Wellington will finally have their name emblazoned on the OFC Champions League trophy after overcoming Lautoka...
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https://www.nzfootball.co.nz/nzfootball/newsarticle/62846
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Team Wellington will finally have their name emblazoned on the OFC Champions League trophy after overcoming Lautoka 10-3 on aggregate over two legs in the final of Oceania’s premier international club competition.
“I’m delighted, we’re still absorbing everything but after a season of tremendous hard work, to finally clinch the big one is a tremendous feeling,” Team Wellington coach Jose Figueira said at the final whistle following a 4-3 Leg 2 OFC Champions League final victory.
Today’s win was a matter of course for the three-time runners-up who had done all but sewn up the title with their 6-0 romp past the Fijian club side at Dave Farrington Park a week earlier.
Lautoka were already starting on the back foot after losing goalkeeper and captain Benaminio Mateinaqara to a shoulder injury for this match. The gloveman had an impressive campaign up until the first leg final against Team Wellington and was obviously disappointed not to be fit.
In his place was Senirusi Bokini who initially appeared ready for the task but when he came off his line to clear a ball only to send it directly to his opponents it seemed it was going to be a long afternoon.
Mario Ilich picked up the loose clearance and seeing the keeper off his line, looped in an excellent shot. Bokini scrambled back, getting a palm to the ball and keeping it out, but Dave Radrigai carried the ball over the line for the opener in just the 10th minute.
There were thoughts that the early goal might see the floodgates open for Team Wellington, however this was a Lautoka side with renewed purpose keen to show the form that carried them to the final.
Brian Kaltack, Benji Totori and Osea Vakatalesau led the charge forward for the home side, with several first half chances going just short of the target.
However fortune was once more on the visitor’s side as a clearance made it only as far as Ilich on the top of the box who drilled a shot past Bokini for his side’s second of the evening.
Both teams made changes at half-time and it was Team Wellington’s swap of Jack-Henry Sinclair for Ross Allen which proved more fortuitous as the Guernsey striker linked with Nathanael Hailemariam to find a third for his side in the 51st minute.
Being three down seemed to be what Lautoka needed to fire them into action as Benji Totori took matters into his own hands, or feet as it were. Lautoka worked the ball into the penalty area before the competition’s leading goal scorer rounded a defender and keeper Scott Basalaj to add yet another to his tally.
Shazil Ali was the author of Lautoka’s second goal of the afternoon with a beautifully curled effort landing in the top corner corner, just out of a diving Basalaj’s reach. Just a minute later Totori did what he does best, cutting through the defence and slicing across the goal mouth for his brace and the equaliser.
With barely five minutes left in the match it looked like Leg 2 might be a well-deserved draw for Lautoka after an impressive comeback. But with their tickets to the UAE booked, Team Wellington wanted a clean victory to see them off to the FIFA Club World Cup.
Enter Angus Kilkolly, who needed just one more goal to go equal with Emiliano Tade in the Golden Boot race, was left unmarked giving him plenty of time to pick a spot and scoop the ball into the back of the net for the winner.
Lautoka’s second half comeback was pleasing for coach Kamal Swamy to witness as he saw the fighting spirit return to his charges.
“I think we created a lot of opportunities, better than what we created in Wellington.
“We played possession football but in the counter attacks we were slower. I’m proud of this Lautoka team, it’s the first time in the final and that’s a great achievement and I hope we will continue like this, improving every day.”
“Ultimately Wellington was a better side, so congratulations to them.”
Figueira said although the team had done a lot of the work for the final in the first leg at home, they didn’t come to Lautoka expecting an easy task.
“We always knew, it’s so difficult to play away in the Champions League and that first leg was really crucial. We got off to a good start and it was more than expected, but we knew Lautoka was going to be a tough nut to crack and we got that in the second half.
“Perhaps a bit of tiredness, a little bit of lack of quality in a few little areas, but credit to them. I said in the semi-final that this team has got so much character and even in the most difficult of situations they can grind a result out and that’s the sign of a champion team.”
As well as taking out their maiden OFC Champions League title, Team Wellington were also rewarded for their outstanding individuals.
After scoring the winner today, Angus Kilkolly equalled Emiliano Tade’s eight goals in the competition to earn himself the Golden Boot after playing less minutes than the Argentine.
New Caledonia’s Roy Kayara was awarded the Golden Ball after a campaign of impressive performances for Team Wellington showing his nous and game understanding both defensively and offensively.
Former champions Auckland City did not go completely unrewarded this year as they take home the Fairplay Award while goalkeeper Enaut Zubikarai, who conceded just twice in this competition, was awarded the Golden Gloves.
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https://theniche-cache.com/football/2024/3/5/wellington-olympic-are-charity-cup-champs-and-the-2024-domestic-footy-season-has-begun
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en
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Wellington Olympic Are Charity Cup Champs and the 2024 Domestic Footy Season Has Begun — The Niche Cache
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2024-03-05T00:00:00
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Every year the local footy swings back around way before anybody’s ready for it. 2024 has been no different, with the first competitive game of the new campaign pitting National League champions Wellington Olympic against Chatham Cup champions Christchurch United in the freshly revived Charity Cup
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The Niche Cache
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https://theniche-cache.com/football/2024/3/5/wellington-olympic-are-charity-cup-champs-and-the-2024-domestic-footy-season-has-begun
|
Every year the local footy swings back around way before anybody’s ready for it. 2024 has been no different, with the first competitive game of the new campaign pitting National League champions Wellington Olympic against Chatham Cup champions Christchurch United in the freshly revived Charity Cup. Not a game of any major consequence, but it’s a symbolic starter’s gun... made especially fascinating because of the two specific teams involved.
Christchurch United had a dominant 2023 as they cruised to another Southern League title and claimed their first Chatham Cup since 1991. A third-placed finish in the National League was pretty handy too, although did show that a distance still remained between them and the established top dogs of Auckland City and Wellington Olympic.
And that was before they lost coaching team Paul Ifill and Ekow Quainoo, as well as a huge contingent of their top players (coincidentally, it was Wellington Olympic who hired the coaches away). Only two players started this Charity Cup game who also started the Chatham Cup final that qualified them for it roughly six months earlier. Those two players were Riley Grover and Joel Peterson, a couple of local youngsters... albeit very good local youngsters. Both have been in the first team set-up for multiple years now.
What happened to everyone else? Well, Ifill and Quainoo only seem to have taken one player with them and that’s Eddie Wilkinson. However imports Dan MacLennan, Eoghan Stokes, and Aaron O’Driscoll have all crossed the Tasman to join Australian NPL clubs; Matt Tod-Smith has crossed the city to sign with Cashmere Technical, along with defender Sam Lapslie; Sam Philip and Haris Zeb have both moved north and signed with Auckland club Birkenhead United; and most notably their impressive goalkeeper Scott Morris has signed with Stoke City over in the English Championship. That still leaves Jago Godden from the Chatham Cup final but maybe he was injured or something.
Don’t think that these fellas have been living at the airport, waving a tear-stained handkerchief from the departure lounge though. Christchurch United worked quickly after losing Ifill & Quanioo to bring in Ryan Edwards as the new manager. He’d had great success in getting Petone FC into the National League despite a very young and largely self-developed squad, that Petone side struggled for results against the best teams in the country but they played some very tidy and encouraging footy along the way. Edwards was no doubt hired with that youth focus in mind considering how much emphasis CUFC put on their own academy. Plus it also helps that he was able to bring along last year’s Central League golden boot Matt Brazier along with him... and that United won the sweepstakes to sign Joel Stevens after he moved to Christchurch for personal reasons. Stevens thus leaves Wellington Olympic with a National League winners’ medal that he was influential in them earning – and his first game for his new club was against his old club.
The CUFC import contingent has been restocked with German fullback Michael Hornsby joining after some time in America, plus Dutch goalkeeper Steven van Dijk (and Transfermarkt suggests there may be a couple more where those lads came from). You might also want to count defender Kaleb de Groot-Green who is a Samoan international, he’s linked up from Dunedin City Royals. On top of that they’ve scooped up Napier City Rovers defensive midfielder Ta Eh Doe and kiwi winger David Yoo, who has spent the last five years bouncing around the lower leagues in Portugal – one of the undercover foreign kiwi pros. He initially came through the Eastern Suburbs junior system.
Chuck that all together and the Rams lined up for the Charity Cup in a 4-1-4-1 formation with Van Dijk in goal, Peterson at right-back and Hornsby at left-back, Grover and KDGG in central defence, Doe at CDM, Eric Sugahara and Daniel Meyn in front of him. Yoo wide on the right, Stevens wide on the left. Brazier up top. Their bench was littered with their own academy blokes, including Jackson Cole who, along with Sugahara, was part of the qualifying squad for the last U17 World Cup (though neither made the final squad for the U17WC itself).
These are some funky change-ups for a club that’s seeking to establish a South Island dynasty. They’re going to have to get used to big player turnover from year to year if their academy reaches the levels they’re aiming for but having to create a whole new attack from almost scratch, with a new coach, is kind of above and beyond. Especially when a couple of their key veterans have apparently moved across town to Cashmere Technical (where Ben Lapslie’s brother Sam already plays). Matt Tod-Smith was their captain last season. Scored the winning penalty in the Chatham Cup shootout. Feels like the Southern League might have just recalibrated itself... granted, Stevens, Yoo, and Brazier aren’t exactly chumps. All three could score in double-figures this year, and the increasing presence of Christchurch United players in national youth set-ups tells you there’s no shortage of talent in the junior ranks.
Whereas Christchurch United are having to reshape their first team, up north of the Cook Strait it seems like Paul Ifill’s Director of Football gig at Wellington Olympic is more about ensuring that Olympic can keep things moving steadily along. What do you do after you win one National League? You try and win another, of course. And maybe a Chatham Cup to go with it.
The Greeks have lost some key players. Joel Stevens to Christchurch United for one, while Gianni Bouzoukis has joined NWS Spirit in the Aussie leagues – granted, he could potentially pop back up for the National League phase as those NPL folks often do. English defender Jack Cawley has also departed for Australia while Nati Hailemariam has moved across to Petone. But the core of their championship side remains, bolstered out by a bunch of ex-Wellington Phoenix Academy folks.
Adam Supyk was on the books for Eastern Suburbs last year but spent most of that time in the UK working on the trial circuit. He’s joined Olympic. As has Nix U20s graduate Kaelin Nguyen, who played for the Phoenix first team during their most recent Aussie Cup run. In fact he set up the winning goal for Joshua Rudland in the first round game against Peninsula Power... Rudland is also joining Olympic (though he didn’t play the Charity Cup), listed amongst their squad list in the Match Programme. Jonty Roubos played for Olympic two years ago and is back after a stint with Miramar Rangers. He used to be a Nix Academy fella too. And Luke Tongue is not only an ex-WeeNix player but he’s a current WeeNix coach within the youth grades, hence the move back to Wellington where he’s also linking up with this lot as a player.
Tongue featured off the bench in the Charity Cup. As did new Irish import striker Joel Coustrain. No sign of Eddie Wilkinson against his old team but word is that he’s followed Ifill/Quainoo. A Joel Stevens for Eddie Wilkinson swap deal is about as equitable as it’s going to get. Oh and they’ve also scooped up Oli Colloty after a spell with Auckland City, and it appears that Jesse Randall is back, although that’s potentially only for the first few months as he eyes a gig with the Auckland A-League side. Gabriele Matanisiga is another funky addition – a 28 year old Fijian international defender, signed after a brief trial period.
That Auckland ALM team has the potential to seriously shake up the domestic scene, especially if they begin by scooping up a few Auckland City players. Plenty of them who’d fit the bill. The Navy Blues remain the team to beat every year, even if Wellington Olympic can now claim to have found something close to parity with them. ACFC have already lost a few key defenders over the past couple years (Kaltack, Brotherton, Mitchell) and if they lose, for example, one or two of their star midfielders then they’d have a hell of a job replacing them.
We’ll see what that lot looks like as soon as next week because that’s when the Oceania Champions League qualifiers take place. Auckland City vs Wellington Olympic. Two legs, one home and one away. Last year those two teams served up a fantastic 180 minutes of football with Auckland City advancing thanks to an Emiliano Tade-inspired late comeback.
Not sure why the need for qualifiers. It seems like Wellington Olympic winning the National League final should have been their qualification, but then we know what Oceania Football are like. We just got through a Women’s Olympic qualifying tournament which ended right as the international window began for some reason. And FIFA aren’t much better because their move to a four-year Club World Cup cycle means that the best performing team over that four-year period gets Oceania’s lone spot... which is already guaranteed to be Auckland City no matter what Wellington Olympic (or any of the other clubs) get up to in this edition.
Granted, there is also going to be an annual Intercontinental Cup each December that’s a similar format to the old CWC, except with only the six continental champs. So that’s what they’re competing for. The OFC winner will face wither the Asian or African winner, depending on how the draw goes. Winner of that game faces whichever of those AFC/CAF clubs didn’t play the first round, then the winner of that plays the winner of North/Central America vs South America. The European champions await in the final. Five games overall, nice and quick.
We can hit pause on the Auckland City stuff until a later date. Let us at least see who shows up on a teamsheet before indulging in the speculation. We do know for sure that Emiliano Tade (and Aidan Carey) have left for Western Springs... but while Tade’s a huge name, he’s also 35 years old and mostly only played the last 15-20 minutes of matches last year. Obviously Colloty’s left too, though he was never a key figure. They’ve picked up former England youth international Joe Ridley to bolster the frontline and maybe this year the two Vanuatu lads they signed (Jordy Tasip and Timothy Boulet) might find more of a spotlight. But yeah, let’s let that one simmer for now.
Wellington Olympic also rolled with what looked like a 4-1-4-1 formation. That’s particularly funky for Olympic because they’ve become renowned for operating with a back three with very high wingers so that’s a change under Ifill/Quainoo that could take some getting used to. However most of the spine of that championship side remained. Scott Basalaj in goal. A back four, from right to left, of: Tam Dimairo, Justin Gulley, Ben Mata, and Supyk. Tor Davenport-Petersen holding in midfield. Gavin Hoy and Hamish Watson in front of him with Nguyen and Jack-Henry Sinclair out wide. Oli Colloty up topskees. From across the great divide of the offseason, the Greeks still had six of their National League final first XI also start this match, with a seventh (Kailan Gould) coming off the bench. Two of the other starters here were subs in that match.
This Charity Cup game exists mostly to set the scene for the domestic season, so that’s what this article has done. The shifting sands are unavoidable, which is probably a good thing for competitive balance across the three regions. The fact that Auckland City looked unusually wobbly last National League and are entering 2024 with more question marks than they’re used to. The fact that Wellington Olympic and Christchurch United both have new coaches, have had to replace their top scorers amongst other key figures from their successes in 2023 (United more than Olympic, to be fair). These things ought to keep any of them from lapping the field.
Plenty of teams from outside last year’s NL qualifiers seem to be loading up with that target in mind too, while the potential of the Auckland ALM side to hoard up some of the best domestic players could have a huge impact by the time the next National League phase swings around. Which, by the way, is exactly what that club should be doing. Don’t go dragging All Whites away from settled professional spots. Sign free agents and domestic players. The Welly Nix have shown those blokes are good enough. Expand the professional player pool by giving opportunities to lads who don’t already have them, rather than shrinking it by dragging guys back home.
But with all that laid out... you probably want to know how the Charity Cup game actually went, right? Okey doke. This being the first game of the year and all, you can excuse a slower tempo. Nguyen did manage to find some good width on a few occasions, setting up a chance for Sinclair which was blocked, while Davenport-Petersen also tried his luck from range. CUFC had a couple of good instances where Yoo’s dribbling came to the forefront. However it always felt like a preseason affair and the changes at both clubs only added to that stuttering sense.
Yet there was nothing unfamiliar about seeing Ben Mata nod home a header from a corner kick on 33’. It was Supyk with the delivery, which Watson headed onwards to Hoy who headed onwards to Mata. Nicely done. Mata would later get outdone by his brother who logged two goals and two assists for Sligo Rovers over in Ireland a couple days later... though only Ben got lift a trophy. Funnily enough, the last time Ben Mata lifted a trophy (the MNL final on 26 September 2023), Max Mata had just that morning scored his first goal for Shrewsbury Town. Those Mata Bros need to learn how to share the spotlight with each other.
So that was 1-0 to Olympic at half-time, at which point the Rams threw on Jackson Cole in place of Yoo. That was one of the maximum ten subs made during this second half, with both teams recognising the preseason atmosphere. Yoo had been sharp, albeit with a tendency to chop infield too often, but they’d struggled to get Joel Stevens involved on the other wing. That trend would improve in the second half... alas, the Greeks also made a HT change with Kailan Gould on for Oli Colloty. That sent Watson into the number nine position where he promptly made it 2-0 by putting his noggin on the end of a Nguyen cross.
Around about the hour mark we saw Jonty Roubos and the Fijian international Gabriele Matanisiga replace Sinclair and Mata for WO. Then Rico Pradhan popped up at right back for CU. By now the substitutions were sucking the flow out of the contest, although Ta Eh Doe tried to inject some energy back into the match in non-recommended fashion by clattering into Hamish Watson with a sliding challenge. Several categories of weight difference between those two hombres. Watto is not the bloke to mess with. Doe got booked, then got subbed, as United would also deploy Zachary Bennett, Waisea Henry, and Thomas Chao. Lots of youth. There should be plenty of chances for lads like that to keep getting game time throughout the season – it’ll be fun to see who’s still contributing when the National League rolls around.
Meanwhile, Olympic also gave club debuts to Luke Tongue and Joel Coustrain and guess what? Those two combined for a third goal on 74’. Christchurch Utd hadn’t looked like they were going to find a way back but three goals make it safe regardless. The best chance for the visitors came after 84 mins when a Stevens corner kick was turned onto the post, Pradhan might have been the culprit, before Brazier saw a header (also from a Steven cross) brilliantly saved by Scott Basalaj.
That was more than Brazier could take because two minutes later he was sent off for an off-the-ball incident. This was bare minimum camera set up, they didn’t even pack the scaffolding, so we didn’t see exactly what happened – but it looked like Tongue had stepped across Brazier to block him off and MB must have retaliated because there were no arguments when the red flashed out of the ref’s pocket. If you watch it back you’ll see Justin Gulley give him a serve as he walks off, then Tam Dimairo pretends to drop a shoulder into him as he passes...
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https://totalfootballanalysis.com/article/giancarlo-italiano-wellington-phoenix
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Wellington Phoenix: Their 2023/24 resurgence under Giancarlo Italiano
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[
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[
"Anantaajith Raghuraman",
"Domagoj Kostanjšak",
"Brandon Liss",
"Lee Scott"
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2024-02-01T06:00:28+00:00
|
The 2023/24 A-League season has delivered some exciting football, and Wellington Phoenix currently sit atop the standings after 12 games with 24 points (ahe ...
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en
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Total Football Analysis
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https://totalfootballanalysis.com/article/giancarlo-italiano-wellington-phoenix
|
The 2023/24 A-League season has delivered some exciting football, and Wellington Phoenix currently sit atop the standings after 12 games with 24 points (ahead of the Melbourne Victory on games won).
The Phoenix have been stellar under coach Giancarlo Italiano, who was promoted from assistant manager to first-team manager last summer. Their home form has been nearly peerless (four wins in five games), while they have also held their own away from Sky Stadium (three wins and three draws in seven games).
This is a marked improvement for a team that won only four away league fixtures and five home outings in the whole of last season on their way to a sixth-place finish with 35 points. While just these numbers indicate a significant improvement, there’s plenty more to it and Italiano has made Wellington an entertaining side capable of challenging for the title.
This report will analyse the Australian’s impact on the Phoenix by looking at his team set-up, playing style and more.
Background
Italiano already has a wealth of experience in Australian football, with his 41st birthday on the horizon (January 31).
As per Transfermarkt, he began his journey as a Sporting Director for Blacktown City, who compete in the second tier. He departed Blacktown in 2016, roughly a year after his appointment. A year later, he joined A-League side Sydney FC as a youth coach, marking the start of his professional coaching year.
In February 2019, he departed Sydney, and four months later, he joined Wellington Phoenix as their chief analyst and assistant manager under manager Ufuk Talay. He remained in his analyst role until November 2020 while operating as the Phoenix’s assistant coach until 2023.
Wellington chose to part ways with Talay last summer and appointed Italiano as their manager. Talay notably went on to become Sydney FC’s manager in November 2023, a role he still holds.
Giancarlo Italiano has been creative with his formations this term
Before we compare the changes in the Phoenix’s stats from last season, it’s important to note that Italiano has not reinvented the wheel. Instead, he has made minor changes to the team’s style of play to maximise the talents of the squad, which has undergone changes from last season in terms of what he has at his disposal.
Talay preferred a 4-4-2 system in the 2022-23 campaign. His final A-League game in charge of Wellington had Oliver Sail in goal, with Lucas Mauragis, Scott Wootton, Tim Payne, and Callan Elliott (from left to right) manning the defence. Steven Ugarkovic and captain Alex Rufer played in central midfield, with Kosta Barbarouses and Yan Sasse out wide. Oskar Zawada and David Ball played up front.
Italiano, meanwhile, has primarily preferred a 4-3-2-1 but has been open to experimentation, at times going for a 4-3-3 or even a 4-4-2 when needed. Most recently, he chose a 3-4-2-1 shape for the Phoenix’s top-of-the-table clash against the Melbourne Victory.
Sail, who departed in the summer, has been replaced by 21-year-old Alex Paulsen in goal this season. Wootton, 19-year-old Finn Surman and summer arrival Lukas Kelly-Heald formed the three-man backline against the Victory. Ben Old and Payne started as wing-backs, with Nicholas Pennington and Rufer playing in central midfield.
Ball and Barbarouses have been handed new roles and started in attacking midfield, with Bozhidar Kraev, an attacking midfielder by trade, playing upfront.
When Italiano has opted for a 4-3-2-1 shape, as in the 3-0 defeat to the Newcastle United Jets, Kelly-Heald and Payne played as the left and right-back, respectively, with Wootton and Surman operating in central defence. Pennington and Rufer were joined by summer signing Mohamed Al-Taay in midfield. Kraev and Barbarouses operated behind lone striker Zawada, who is currently out injured.
The same team underwent minor changes when he picked a 4-3-3 shape even earlier in the season. This time, Sam Sutton played at left-back, while Old and Pennington took up the advanced midfield roles ahead of Rufer. Barbarouses and Kraev operated as wingers, with Ball upfront.
Despite changing formations according to the situation, Italiano has been consistent with his player selection. Meanwhile, the players are buying into his methods and decisions, delivering regardless of being played in seemingly unfamiliar positions at times.
Wellington Phoenix: What do the stats say about their improvement from 2022/23?
Many of the Wellington Phoenix’s numbers in various metrics in the 2023/24 campaign have followed a similar trend to last season. However, there are a few noticeable differences.
Let’s look at their passing first.
Under Italiano, the Phoenix have slightly improved on passes per possession (5.0 from 4.7) despite a marginal drop in possession (47.7 from 49.8). Their average pass length has also moved up from 18.2 to 18.5, thanks in no part to the massive increase in long passes attempted (47.8 from 41.7). They have also been better with their long passing, completing 8.7 deep passes this term compared to 7.5 last term.
Their forward and backward passing have remained similar, but they are attempting more lateral passes (178.2 from 171.0), which indicates that they could be trying to spread the play more.
However, the biggest indicator of their change in style is their passes per defensive action (PPDA) figure. The Phoenix are averaging 18.3 PPDA this season compared to 14.5 last season, an increase of 20.65%. This means Italiano’s side aren’t voracious pressers; rather, they wait for their opportunity and pounce on it, something that becomes more evident from their chance creation metrics seen below.
Wellington have made a major improvement in their counterattacks, which have gone up to 2.33 per game this season compared to 1.48 last season. This, in turn, has seen their positional attacks fall from 25.48 to 21.17, while they are also winning fewer set-pieces (23.33 from 27.81).
However, Italiano has helped the Phoenix hold on to a lot of what they were doing well last season. Their progressive passing and final-third entries and passing have only seen marginal changes, while they are also attempting fewer crosses.
Apart from maintaining the status quo in the creation aspect, the Australian manager has improved their potency in attack, which is a major reason they now sit atop the standings.
The Phoenix are now shooting from closer to goal (15.40 yards compared to 16.80 last season) and are getting more shots on target (42.6% accuracy from 39.2% last season). More interestingly, a higher percentage of their different forms of attack are all resulting in shots.
Italiano’s men are getting a shot away at the end of 39.5% of their counter-attacks, more than 10% more than last season. In a long campaign, this could prove to be a significant difference-maker.
Even more remarkable is that despite averaging fewer positional attacks and corners, a larger percentage of those end in shots (27.5% from 25.6% and 31.9% from 27.0%, respectively). Additionally, they are getting a higher rate of shots on target from outside the box (34.3% from 29.3% last season).
Despite taking fewer shots (9.58 from 11,52), this collective improvement in diverse types of attacks has held Wellington in good stead. Their only concern in this department could be that they are overperforming their expected goals figure (1.83 goals per game from 1.46 xG). However, given they averaged only 1.44 goals per game last term, their xG figure from this season shows that they are doing better overall.
Their other concern lies in defence, where they struggled considerably last season. The Phoenix have made some improvements in this regard, but there are a couple of worrying trends.
Under Italiano, the Phoenix are giving away fewer fouls (down to 9.33 from 10.44). However, they are allowing more shots (17.50 compared to 13.07). They are also making fewer recoveries despite ceding more possession.
Where they have made improvements, though, is in the quality of chances conceded. Opponents have gotten only 36.7% of their shots on target against Wellington this term, down from 43.9% last season. Additionally, the Phoenix are winning a higher percentage of aerial duels and making more interceptions, often stopping teams at crucial junctures.
All in all, Italiano’s impact, as seen from these statistics, is a positive one, and the A-League leaders certainly merit their spot at the top of the table.
Wellington Phoenix’s playing style in 2023/24
Build-up play
In an interview with Total Football Analysis from August 2020, Italiano, who was in his assistant manager role with the Phoenix at the time, provided insights into the way they set up.
He listed two primary points of focus: a solid defensive foundation, with a few key attributes that led into the second element, i.e., transitions. With this established, they would then analyse the opponent to come up with a game model.
While it has been more than three years since that interview, Wellington’s play this term has built on those foundations to a degree. Italiano’s decision to tweak formations suggests the opponent-based approach, which helps exploit the opposition’s weakness with his players’ strengths.
Firstly, a glance at their heatmap from last season and this one suggests that they are spending more time in their half now than previously. While that can be construed as a shift to a more defensive identity, it could also be the effect of ceding more possession, less intense pressing, and more patient build-up play.
Consider the following sequence from the Phoenix’s draw with Melbourne Victory, where they adopted a 3-4-2-1 shape.
As the ball (marked in white) is circulated among the back three, the central midfielders and one attacking midfielder drop into their own half while the two wing-backs stay high. With the ball on the left and the Victory closely monitoring the midfield trio, the left wing-back comes short to collect it before trying to find an attacker on the left, who is eventually bundled over by his marker.
Now, let’s look at a sequence of build-up play from their 4-3 defeat to the Perth Glory, where Italiano opted for a 4-3-3 formation.
In this clip, with the team leading 3-2 midway through the second half, the centre-backs play the ball out to the right. A quick exchange with the right-sided midfielder gives the right-back space to run into and switch the play to the left from where the Phoenix have more options against a backtracking Glory defence.
The formation and opposition pressing style are different, with the latter giving Wellington more space to operate. This lets them play out more quickly, even forming a triangle to facilitate off-the-ball movement that helps circulate the ball more easily. However, a common theme is a third defender dropping back to assist with this circulation while the other full-back is positioned higher up the field.
Lastly, here’s a sequence from their 3-0 reverse against the Newcastle Jets, where Italiano adopted a 4-3-2-1 formation. Here, we see a team that needs goals but is also doing a bit of damage control as all four defenders are in their own half, while two of the three central midfielders also drop back. Newcastle’s press is better than Perth’s.
Once again, the quick one-two on the right (white arrow for the pass, black arrow for the run), as we saw earlier, helps the Phoenix march forward and play the ball out wide. The cut-back finds its target, the right-back who initiated the move, but his first-time shot unfortunately cannons back off the post.
What stands out from all three examples is the use of the full-backs, who provide an outlet for Italiano’s side when needed, regardless of whether they are out wide or in-field. This reduces the burden on the midfielders to create, allowing them to dictate the tempo and get forward into goalscoring positions. It also allows the wingers to move to more central areas to outnumber the defenders in and around the box.
Goals – who’s scoring them and how?
Arguably, the greatest beneficiary from Italiano’s appointment has head coach has been midfielder Barbarouses. In 13 A-League games this season, the Kiwi, who has played across the frontline and as an attacking midfielder, already has eight goals and four assists. He is well on track to beating his best-ever season (14 goals in 27 league games in 18/19).
Besides him, Kraev, who enjoyed a solid 2022/23 season (seven goals and five assists in 25 A-League outings), has continued his excellent form with four goals in 13 appearances. Centre-forward Zawada struck four times in six matches prior to his injury.
As seen in the heatmap above, Phoenix operate marginally more on the right flank in attack than on the left this season. This has helped right-winger Ben Old and right-back Tim Payne, who have scored twice apiece this season. On the other hand, Barbarouses has been Wellington’s most productive outlet on the left, scoring thrice in three league games when played there.
The variety of attributes Barbarouses offers for this Phoenix team can be seen by analysing a couple of his goals. Consider the following sequence from their goalfest against the Perth Glory.
The Phoenix move the ball across the defence before finding David Ball in a bit of space. Ball slips in Barbarouses (marked by the white dash), who smartly alters his run with an excellently weighted through-ball. Barbarouses shows immense composure to take the ball past a tackle, shift it onto his left foot and slightly open his body up, which confuses the goalkeeper, before firing it in at the near-post to make it 1-1.
On the counter, one of the Phoenix’s biggest strengths, Barbarouses poses as much danger as he does in positional attacks. In the play below from Wellington’s 3-1 defeat to Sydney FC, the Kiwi does brilliantly to recognise he is in an off-side position when the through ball comes in and curves his run away from the ball.
Oskar van Hattum, who is on-side, latches onto the ball before sliding it to Barbarouses for a tap-in. The move, though, is started by Old winning the ball and gliding past three defenders before playing Van Hattum through.
As explained earlier, Old has also delivered the odd goal, such as the one below. This is arguably the best example of Wellington Phoenix’s counter-attacking capabilities this season.
After winning the ball near their own box, they quickly commit numbers to the counter and charge forward. Barbarouses plays a delightful pass between the two retreating defenders to find Old (marked in white), who has charged forward from his own box to support the counter, on the left. He takes a first-time effort that lashes across the goalkeeper and into the back of the net with precision.
Lastly, glancing at Kraev’s goals also explains how he fits into Italiano’s offensive scheme. The first, which came in a 3-0 win over Macarthur, is the product of some excellent build-up play, with Old (white) first collecting the ball from the defence in his own half. He skips past a defender, finds Barbarouses and then runs off the back of a defender, giving him little time to react.
Barbarouses, identifying the run, slips the ball back to Old, and his first-time cutback is tapped in by Kraev at the far post.
The second is on a counter as the Phoenix win the ball close to their halfway line. Barbarouses is heavily involved again, getting past two defenders before finding Zawada, who lays it off to Kraev (marked in white). He runs onto the ball and hits it first time past the goalkeeper.
Defending: Wellington Phoenix have improved but need to do more
The last aspect this report will look at is Wellington Phoenix’s defensive set-up this season. Once again, the variety in formations gives us multiple different schemes to look at.
As evident from previously in this piece and their defensive territory map below, the Phoenix are operating from slightly deeper, their pressing is a little less intense, but there seems to be a greater emphasis on closing spaces down, while many of their defensive metrics have improved.
Their defensive actions and interceptions are also more concentrated near their own box, while both aspects, as well as fouls, have reduced in quantity in the final third compared to last season. This, once again, results from the fact that they are not pressing as high as before and are sitting a little deeper, giving them a more solid defensive shape.
Last season, Wellington kept only five clean sheets in 26 A-League games. They have already managed that many only halfway through the ongoing campaign, though a couple of their games have been shootouts with seven goals across both teams.
This leads into one of the areas Italiano’s men have struggled in at times: their start to halves. Out of the 16 league goals they have conceded this term, nine have come within 15 minutes of the start of either half (four between 1’ and 15’, and five between 46’ and 60’).
The other concern involves their reaction to quick passing moves. Wellington’s defence has been caught flat-footed at times.
Both these elements can be seen in play in the following sequence from their 3-0 defeat to the Newcastle Jets, who scored in the fourth minute of the game.
Failure to close down a defender soon enough allows him to play it out wide. In this case, the Phoenix’s right-back fails to read the impending danger and enables the opposing left-back to play his winger in with a ball in behind. The Jets winger makes his way into the box, and a couple of half-hearted Phoenix challenges are to no avail as he finds a teammate close to the penalty spot and scores on the turn to make it 1-0.
Another example of such a lapse comes in their 5-2 win over the Brisbane Roar. This time around, the Phoenix conceded in the very first minute following a harmless ball over the top. Once again, one of their full-backs (on the left this time) is a little lackadaisical and allows the winger to get behind. The latter then cuts back to find a teammate infield.
Rather uncharacteristically, three Phoenix players go to close down the opponent, leaving a player unmarked (marked in black) on the edge of the area. The Roar player plays the smart pass to find his unmarked teammate, who takes a touch to get away from a defender and rifles a shot into the back of the net.
While these are examples of where the shape has been pulled apart, there have been numerous occasions where Wellington’s defence has held its own without pressing their opponents. Consider the following sequence from their match against Adelaide United, split into two individual cases.
In the first case, the Phoenix let Adelaide have the ball, applying no pressure to their back four and instead attempting to close down spaces in midfield. Meanwhile, behind their three-man triangular frontline, two lines of three and four further limit the avenues for the opponent. United are thus limited to lateral and back-passing, while their only forward passes go to midfielders who are turned towards the defence and can’t progress the ball forward.
Wellington seem to have them trapped, but it becomes vaguely clear in the bottom-right tile that Adelaide have figured out an opening as the first triangle breaks down…
This leads us into the second phase of this sequence, as the holding midfielder plays the ball to the forward, who comes short. Suddenly, Adelaide has more avenues and work the ball out wide to their right-winger, who has space. However, Wellington respond brilliantly to double up and limit the space for him and force him to the by-line from where he can’t send in a dangerous ball.
What stands out here is Wellington’s collective response to danger. When Adelaide break through the initial press, they immediately have more pockets to operate in. However, by the time they get in and around the box, the Phoenix have multiple players back. In the bottom-right frame above, nine yellow shirts are in the box compared to six red ones.
That indicates that when settled into a shape and focused, Italiano’s men can be tough to break down. If they get rid of the odd lapse in concentration at the start of halves, this would certainly be a more robust defensive side.
Conclusion
Giancarlo Italiano has enjoyed massive short-term success with Wellington Phoenix this term. His side are attacking more efficiently, particularly on the counter. While that may not be considered beautiful by purists, it is effective and has led to some show-stopping passing moves that have resulted in goals.
Defensively, the Phoenix do have some work to do, but they have already taken significant strides from last season. With more time on the training ground under Italiano, who is getting his message across and has undoubtedly helped maximise the potential of key players, the expectation would be for them to improve further while maintaining their attacking potency.
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
American Football Ne
|
https://www.nzaff.co.nz/clubs
|
Find a club near you.
Click on the pin drops to be directed to the club(s) nearest to you. You will be provided with the clubs contact information.
American Football Auckland
American Football Auckland (AFA) is the regional body that organises competitions in Auckland for Tackle and Flag Football for Premiers, Women, Youth and Juniors. There are 8 clubs in Auckland that play in these competitions with the Hamilton Hawks also competing.
American Football Hawkes Bay
The Hawkes Bay Heat provide a local Flag competition but also compete in tournaments around the country.
American Football Wellington
American Football Wellington (AFW) is the regional body that organises competitions in Wellington for Tackle and Flag Football. There are 3 clubs in Wellington that play in these competitions.
American Football Nelson
The The Nelson Honeybadgers provide a local Flag competition but also compete in tournaments around the country.
American Football Canterbury
American Football Canterbury (AFC) is the regional body that organises competitions in Christchurch for Tackle and Flag Football. The club splits into multiple teams for their tackle competition.
|
||||
4946
|
dbpedia
|
3
| 81 |
https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/blacks-eye-end-winless-streak-055146308.html
|
en
|
All Blacks eye end to winless streak in Wellington
|
https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.co.uk/e9496ed5857860bdaf70b637abdca9b3
|
https://media.zenfs.com/en/afp.co.uk/e9496ed5857860bdaf70b637abdca9b3
|
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"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=7241469&c5=19399636&c7=https%3A%2F%2Fuk.sports.yahoo.com%2Fnews%2Fblacks-eye-end-winless-streak-055146308.html&c14=-1"
] |
[] |
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[
""
] | null |
[] |
2024-08-09T05:51:46+00:00
|
All Blacks captain Ardie Savea said Friday he expects a physical "battle" against Argentina as New Zealand seek to snap their six-year winless streak in Wellington.We know Argentina take a lot of pride in their scrums too, so it’s going to be a battle," he told reporters Friday.
|
en
|
Yahoo Sports
|
https://uk.sports.yahoo.com/news/blacks-eye-end-winless-streak-055146308.html
|
All Blacks captain Ardie Savea said Friday he expects a physical "battle" against Argentina as New Zealand seek to snap their six-year winless streak in Wellington.
The All Blacks host the Pumas on Saturday in the opening round of The Rugby Championship on Saturday at Wellington's Sky Stadium.
With regular captain Scott Barrett injured, stand-in skipper Savea anticipates a fierce battle of the forwards against an Argentina side packed with strong scrummagers.
"They are powerful men, who can put you in uncomfortable situations. We know Argentina take a lot of pride in their scrums too, so it’s going to be a battle," he told reporters Friday.
Argentina pulled off a shock 25-18 win in Christchurch two years ago -- the Pumas' first and only win over All Blacks on New Zealand soil. Savea is keen to avoid a repeat.
"We have seen in the past, they’ve come down to Christchurch and done a job on us. We understand the threats Argentina pose, but if we go out there and do our job, hopefully it will put us in good stead."
The capital has not been a happy hunting ground in recent years for the All Blacks, who haven't won any of their four games in Wellington since 2018.
New Zealand lost to Ireland on their last Test at Sky Stadium two years ago when the Irish romped to a 32-22 victory, which clinched the series 2-1.
Before that New Zealand had drawn against both Australia and South Africa in Wellington, as well as also losing a Test to the Springboks at the same venue.
The last time New Zealand won in Wellington was when they saw off France 26-13 in 2018, with two tries by All Blacks back Jordie Barrett, who will be Savea's vice-captain on Saturday.
ryj/mca
|
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1
| 77 |
https://wellingtonphoenix.com/about/how-to-watch-your-nix/
|
en
|
How To Watch Your Nix
|
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[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] |
2021-10-18T22:58:21+00:00
|
Overseas audience Here is the information of all broadcasters for overseas audiences: PACIFIC ISLANDS NBC – Papua New Guinea FBC – Fiji TTV – Solomon Islands; VBTC – Vanuatu TBC – Tonga; TV3 – Samoa; Kiri One – Kiribati NTV – Nauru,...
|
en
|
Wellington Phoenix
|
https://wellingtonphoenix.com/about/how-to-watch-your-nix/
|
Overseas audience
Here is the information of all broadcasters for overseas audiences:
PACIFIC ISLANDS
NBC – Papua New Guinea
FBC – Fiji
TTV – Solomon Islands;
VBTC – Vanuatu
TBC – Tonga;
TV3 – Samoa;
Kiri One – Kiribati
NTV – Nauru, and
Tuvalu.tv
ASIA
BeIN Sport – Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Indonesia, East Timor, Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines
CSM/ KBALL – China
Macau Cable – Macau
Skynet – Myanmar
SCTV / VieON – Vietnam
TVB / MyTV Super (OTT) – Hong Kong
EUROPE
Arena Sports – Bosnia, Czech Republic Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia, Slovenia
Sport Digital – Germany, Austria and Switzerland
Adjara Sport – Georgia
Sport Italia – Italy
Eleven Sports – Poland, Belgium
Sport TV – Portugal
BeIN Sport – Turkey
BT Sport – United Kingdom
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
M.E.N.A – Abu Dhabi Sports
AMERICA
U.S.A – ESPN+
All territories listed below can watch free on YouTube
You can stream every A-League match live on the My Football YouTube channel.
Here are the eligible countries:
Åland Islands, Albania, Algeria, American Samoa, Andorra, Angola, Anguilla, Antarctica, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Armenia, Aruba, Azerbaijan, Bahamas, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belarus, Belize, Benin, Bermuda, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Bouvet Island, Brazil, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Caribbean Netherlands, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Colombia, Comoros, Congo (DRC), Congo (Republic), Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d’Ivoire, Cuba, Curaçao, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), Faroe Islands, Finland, France, French Guiana, French Polynesia, French Southern Territories, Gabon, Gambia, Georgia, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greece, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Ireland, Isle of Man, Israel, Jamaica, Japan, Jersey, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar (Burma), Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, North Korea, Northern Mariana Islands, Norway, Pakistan, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Réunion, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Barthélemy, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Sint Maarten, Slovakia, Somalia, South Africa, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, South Korea, South Sudan, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Svalbard and Jan Mayen, Swaziland, Sweden, Taiwan, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Togo, Tokelau, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands, Uganda, Ukraine, Uruguay, Uzbekistan, Vatican City, Venezuela, Vietnam, Wallis and Futuna, Western Sahara, Zambia, Zimbabwe
|
|||||
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1
| 20 |
https://www.nzaff.co.nz/competitions
|
en
|
American Football Ne
|
https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7ca2bf_2c43cb9362ac4e89872fb41f78ca75e4%7Emv2.ico/v1/fit/w_2500,h_1330,al_c/7ca2bf_2c43cb9362ac4e89872fb41f78ca75e4%7Emv2.ico
|
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|
[
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] |
[] |
[] |
[
""
] | null |
[] | null |
en
|
American Football Ne
|
https://www.nzaff.co.nz/competitions
|
2023 Club Flag Football Club National Championships
The entries for the 2023 Flag Nationals are open from the 1st February until the 6th March.
The dates are the 25th and 26th March
The venue is Romgomai Sports Park, Flat Bush, Auckland
Only affiliated clubs can enter teams in the nationals however if you are interested in playing, either as an individual or as a team, then contact your local club to see how you can become a member.
Clubs are listed on the "Clubs" tab in this website..
For the 2023 Nationals the divisions that clubs can enter teams in are:
Men’s Open
Women’s Open
Legends Men
Men 18 and under
The notice regarding the Championships is here. READ THIS FIRST
The 2023 entry form is here
Adding Officials after entering teams form is here.
Game Schedule and results links.
Results Grids
Nationals Score Sheets
(Some are missing)
NZAFF Flag Football Club National Championships
NZAFF holds the Flag Football National Championship every year normally in March. Over the past few years Covid has disrupted the event and has forced postponements.
The 2022 edition was affected earlier in the year but it is now confirmed for the 1st and 2nd October in Auckland at a venue yet to be decided.
Only affiliated clubs can enter teams in the nationals however if you are interested in playing, either as an individual or as a team, then contact your local club to see how you can become a member.
Clubs are listed on the "Clubs" tab in this website here.
For the 2022 Nationals the divisions that clubs can enter teams in are:
Men’s Open
Women’s Open
Legends Men
Men 18 and under
The October 2022 entry form is here
The notice regarding the Championships is here.
Adding Officials after entering teams form is here.
To follow the live results follow this link here
|
||||
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|
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3
| 39 |
https://www.allblacks.com/news/argentinas-world-cup-pedigree-keeps-all-blacks-focused
|
en
|
Argentina's World Cup pedigree keeps All Blacks focused
|
http://www.allblacks.com/assets/Uploads/h_00113712.jpg
|
http://www.allblacks.com/assets/Uploads/h_00113712.jpg
|
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[
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[] |
2024-08-09T10:11:49
|
Knowing Argentina managed a top-four finish at last year's Rugby World Cup is enough for the All Blacks to be wary of their threat in Saturday's first Lipovitan-D Rugby Championship Test in Wellington.
|
en
|
/_resources/themes/all-blacks/images/favicons/apple-icon-57x57.png
|
allblacks.com
|
https://www.allblacks.com/news/argentinas-world-cup-pedigree-keeps-all-blacks-focused
|
Coach Scott Robertson said, "They don't get to the final four in the World Cup without having a serious Test team. We're focused on them really clearly."
The All Blacks have arrived at the Championship pleased with their defensive showings in the July Tests which allowed them to win games from that aspect, but he is seeking more progress with the ball by creating more opportunities and executing them.
"In those first two Test matches [against England], we got a lot of opportunities early but didn't execute. We got into an arm wrestle, and the games got close. So, there's been a focus on executing, but we should keep trusting our skills to be courageous.
"We want to play it two or three different ways depending on who's in front of us and the weather."
Robertson said injuries to locks Scott Barrett (hand) and Patrick Tuipulotu (calf) had given Sam Darry his first starting chance, while Josh Lord's return from injury after two warm-up games proved perfect timing.
"There's some fresh blood coming through the second row. Sam's been impressive since he's come in, and Josh has worn the black jersey before and he'll get straight up to the mark."
The changes in the post-Whitelock-Rettallick era, while disrupted by injuries, are exciting.
"We've got a big six-foot eight-inch lock [Darry] coming in and a six-foot nine-inch lock [Lord] on the bench. And they're good athletes. When someone retires, someone gets an opportunity, and it's their opportunity.
"So we set them up the best we can to perform, and they've done it themselves as well."
The side chosen was the best for this match, so Anton Lienert-Brown was preferred to start at centre ahead of Rieko Ioane.
"We had a conversation with Rieko, and it's a competitive position. We've got two or three guys now that we can pick. It's a performance-based sport; everyone has areas to work on, and we've gone with Anton.
"He's been in great form all year, both sides of the ball, and now he's a good voice, a good leader in our group."
Loose forward Luke Jacobson had a hamstring twinge during the week, which allowed Ethan Blackadder to come into the blindside flank role. They were also pleased with Wallace Sititi's effort in San Diego, and his being named on the bench was a chance for continuity for him.
"My job is to create depth in the squad and the All Blacks team so guys can step in, and to create depth, you need to create competition.
"To create competition, you need to train hard and take opportunities when they are given.
"It is a competitive market at the moment in the team and the guys are stepping up to it."
The side will also have explosiveness from the bench.
Will Jordan returns from injury and Robertson was an interested spectator in a game he played for Tasman at the weekend.
"I saw a decent try, a trademark try, and anticipation off the ball. He's in good nick; he's fit and ready to go.
"Beauden's [Barrett] been exceptional and with Jordan coming off the bench it makes the impact special. So having a couple of guys available for the 15 [fullback] jersey is great."
The bench was explosive, with Ioane also able to play wing while Jordan could cover wing and fullback.
"The utility factor is critical."
|
||
4946
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dbpedia
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0
| 83 |
https://sports.yahoo.com/jordan-returns-bench-blacks-against-234443930.html
|
en
|
Will Jordan returns on bench for All Blacks against Argentina in Rugby Championship
|
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[
"STEVE McMORRAN"
] |
2024-08-07T23:44:43+00:00
|
Fullback/winger Will Jordan has been named to make his first test appearance since last year’s Rugby World Cup from the bench in the All Blacks team which will play Argentina in the first round of the Rugby Championship on Saturday. New Zealand takes on the Pumas in Wellington and in Auckland the following weekend in the first two rounds of the tournament. Jordan missed all of the last Super Rugby season while recovering from shoulder surgery and his only match so far this season has been a pre-season appearance for his Tasman province.
|
en
|
Yahoo Sports
|
https://sports.yahoo.com/jordan-returns-bench-blacks-against-234443930.html
|
WELLINGTON, New Zealand (AP) — Fullback/winger Will Jordan has been named to make his first test appearance since last year’s Rugby World Cup from the bench in the All Blacks team which will play Argentina in the first round of the Rugby Championship on Saturday.
New Zealand takes on the Pumas in Wellington and in Auckland the following weekend in the first two rounds of the tournament.
Jordan missed all of the last Super Rugby season while recovering from shoulder surgery and his only match so far this season has been a pre-season appearance for his Tasman province.
For that reason, head coach Scott Robertson has chosen to ease Jordan back into test rugby, for his 32nd test, as a replacement. Beauden Barrett will start at fullback while Sevu Reece and Mark Telea have been named on the wings. Damian McKenzie starts again at flyhalf.
Anton Lienert-Brown has been named at outside center, displacing Rieko Ioane who has been out of form this season. Lienert-Brown will combine in midfield with Jordie Barrett while Ioane is on the bench..
Ardie Savea leads the team from No. 8 for the ninth time in the absence of lock and captain Scott Barrett who is sidelined with a finger injury.
Otherwise, the team is mostly unchanged from the second test against England last month. The All Blacks are 3-0 under new head coach Robertson after beating England narrowly in two tests and Fiji 45-7 in San Diego.
Lock Patrick Tuipulotu and fullback Stephen Perofeta were not considered for selection because of calf injuries while backrower Luke Jacobson has a hamstring strain.
Sam Darry will combine with Tupou Vaa’i in a second row with a combined tally of only 29 tests. Darry made his test debut against Fiji. Josh Lord has been named to cover lock from the reserves bench.
T.J. Perenara has overcome a knee injury to be named at scrumhalf. Perenara has announced he will leave New Zealand at the end of the season to play in Japan.
Ethan Blackadder has been retained on the blindside flank.
“We’ve laid a solid foundation through the first three tests of the year and prepared well this week for what will be a physical test against Argentina,” Savea said Thursday in a team statement.
Savea last captained New Zealand in a 96-17 win over Italy in the group stage of last year’s World Cup.
“It’s a special night for Ardie leading the team in his hometown and it’s great to have T.J. and Will back in the mix,” Robertson said. “Once again there were some close selection calls but we’ve picked a squad to win the key contests and perform on Saturday."
___
New Zealand: Beauden Barrett, Sevu Reece, Anton Lienert-Brown, Jordie Barrett, Mark Telea, Damian McKenzie, T.J. Perenara; Ardie Savea (captain), Dalton Papali’i, Ethan Blackadder, Sam Darry, Tupou Vaa’i, Tyrel Lomax, Codie Taylor, Ethan de Groot. Reserves: Asafo Aumua, Ofa Tu’ungafasi, Fletcher Newell, Josh Lord, Wallace Sititi, Cortez Ratima, Rieko Ioane, Will Jordan.
Argentina: to be named.
___
|
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4946
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[] |
[
"Team Wellington",
"Wellington",
"New Zealand"
] | null |
[] | null |
Explore the complete profile of Team Wellington Soccer's team, founded on 2004-01-01, in Wellington, New Zealand. Discover everything about Statistics, Titles, Achievements, History, Goals, Upcoming Matches, Results, News, Videos, Photos, and Squad.
|
en
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https://www.playmakerstats.com/favicon.ico
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www.playmakerstats.com
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https://www.playmakerstats.com/team/team-wellington/9538
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5894
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dbpedia
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2
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https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/antony-sher-dead-shakespearean-actor-1235057134/
|
en
|
Antony Sher, Acclaimed Shakespearean Actor, Dies at 72
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[
""
] | null |
[
"The Associated Press",
"THR Staff"
] |
2021-12-03T23:29:18+00:00
|
His film roles included Dr.
|
en
|
The Hollywood Reporter
|
https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/movies/movie-news/antony-sher-dead-shakespearean-actor-1235057134/
|
Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday. He was 72.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company artistic director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in 1949 in Cape Town, South Africa, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in Richard III.
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the Henry IV plays, Leontes in The Winter’s Tale, Shylock in The Merchant of Venice, Iago in Othello and the title characters in Macbeth and King Lear.
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman and the title role in Moliere’s Tartuffe.
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s Torch Song Trilogy. He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for Torch Song Trilogy and Richard III.
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ Stanley at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir If This is a Man into a one-man stage show, Primo, that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright. “If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher’s last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s Kunene and The King. Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series The History Man. His film roles included Dr. Moth in Shakespeare in Love, Benjamin Disraeli in Mrs. Brown and Adolf Hitler in Churchill: The Hollywood Years.
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, Beside Myself, and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in Macbeth and Death of a Salesman. “He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
In a statement to The Hollywood Reporter, Helen Mirren said “the theater has lost a brilliant light.” She continued, “I will never forget the moment I met the actor in Antony. We were doing the first reading rehearsal of the play Teeth and Smiles by David Hare. Antony was a comparatively unknown actor at the time. We were buried in our scripts.”
Added Mirren: “I read the first words of our scene together and he answered. I raised my eyes above the pages to look at him more precisely, as with simply those minimal words I immediately realized I was opposite a great actor. Of course he went on to become the celebrated artist he was, but the extraordinary ability was born in him, as natural to him as breathing: it was as clear as a summer sky.”
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.'”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
|
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5894
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dbpedia
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1
| 58 |
https://safespace.org/drugs-brains-and-behavior-the-science-of-addiction/
|
en
|
Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction – SafeSpace
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2019-02-19T00:00:00
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en
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https://safespace.org/drugs-brains-and-behavior-the-science-of-addiction/
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Contents
Preface
Introduction
Drug Misuse and Addiction
Preventing Drug Misuse and Addiction: The Best Strategy
Drugs and the Brain
Addiction and Health
Treatment and Recovery
Advancing Addiction Science and Practical Solutions
References
Preface
How Science Has Revolutionized the Understanding of Drug Addiction
For much of the past century, scientists studying drugs and drug use labored in the shadows of powerful myths and misconceptions about the nature of addiction. When scientists began to study addictive behavior in the 1930s, people addicted to drugs were thought to be morally flawed and lacking in willpower. Those views shaped society’s responses to drug use, treating it as a moral failing rather than a health problem, which led to an emphasis on punishment rather than prevention and treatment.
Today, thanks to science, our views and our responses to addiction and the broader spectrum of substance use disorders have changed dramatically. Groundbreaking discoveries about the brain have revolutionized our understanding of compulsive drug use, enabling us to respond effectively to the problem.
As a result of scientific research, we know that addiction is a medical disorder that affects the brain and changes behavior. We have identified many of the biological and environmental risk factors and are beginning to search for the genetic variations that contribute to the development and progression of the disorder. Scientists use this knowledge to develop effective prevention and treatment approaches that reduce the toll drug use takes on individuals, families, and communities.
Despite these advances, we still do not fully understand why some people become addicted to drugs or how drugs change the brain to foster compulsive drug use. This booklet aims to fill that knowledge gap by providing scientific information about the disorder of drug addiction, including the many harmful consequences of drug use and the basic approaches that have been developed to prevent and treat substance use disorders.
At the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), we believe that increased understanding of the basics of addiction will empower people to make informed choices in their own lives, adopt science-based policies and programs that reduce drug use and addiction in their communities, and support scientific research that improves the Nation’s well-being.
Nora D. Volkow, M.D.
Director
National Institute on Drug Abuse
Go to Top
Introduction
Why study drug use and addiction?
Use and misuse of alcohol, nicotine, and illicit drugs, and misuse of prescription drugs cost Americans more than $700 billion a year in increased health care costs, crime, and lost productivity.1,2,3 Every year, illicit and prescription drugs and alcohol contribute to the death of more than 90,000 Am
ericans, while tobacco is linked to an estimated 480,000 deaths per year.4,5 (Hereafter, unless otherwise specified, drugs refers to all of these substances.)
People of all ages suffer the harmful consequences of drug use and addiction:
Teens who use drugs may act out and may do poorly in school or drop out.6 Using drugs when the brain is still developing may cause lasting brain changes and put the user at increased risk of dependence.7
Adults who use drugs can have problems thinking clearly, remembering, and paying attention. They may develop poor social behaviors as a result of their drug use, and their work performance and personal relationships suffer.
Parents’ drug use can mean chaotic, stress-filled homes, as well as child abuse and neglect.8 Such conditions harm the well-being and development of children in the home and may set the stage for drug use in the next generation.9
Babies exposed to drugs in the womb may be born premature and underweight. This exposure can slow the child’s ability to learn and affect behavior later in life.10 They may also become dependent on opioids or other drugs used by the mother during pregnancy, a condition called neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).
How does science provide solutions for drug use and addiction?
Scientists study the effects drugs have on the brain and behavior. They use this information to develop programs for preventing drug use and for helping people recover from addiction. Further research helps transfer these ideas into practice in the community.
The consequences of drug use are vast and varied and affect people of all ages.
Go to Top
Drug Misuse and Addiction
What is drug addiction?
Addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use despite adverse consequences.† It is considered a brain disorder, because it involves functional changes to brain circuits involved in reward, stress, and self-control, and those changes may last a long time after a person has stopped taking drugs.11
Addiction is a lot like other diseases, such as heart disease. Both disrupt the normal, healthy functioning of an organ in the body, both have serious harmful effects, and both are, in many cases, preventable and treatable. If left untreated, they can last a lifetime and may lead to death.
Source: Facing Addiction in America: The Surgeon General’s Report on Alcohol, Drugs, and Health.
Modified with permission from Volkow et al. 1993.
Note: These fMRI images compare the brain of an individual with a history of cocaine use disorder (middle and right) to the brain of an individual without a history of cocaine use (left). The person who has had a cocaine use disorder has lower levels of the D2 dopamine receptor (depicted in red) in the striatum one month (middle) and four months (right) after stopping cocaine use compared to the non-user. The level of dopamine receptors in the brain of the cocaine user are higher at the 4-month mark (right), but have not returned to the levels observed in the non-user (left).
†The term addiction as used in this booklet is equivalent to a severe substance use disorder as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5, 2013).
Why do people take drugs?
In general, people take drugs for a few reasons:
To feel good. Drugs can produce intense feelings of pleasure. This initial euphoria is followed by other effects, which differ with the type of drug used. For example, with stimulants such as cocaine, the high is followed by feelings of power, self-confidence, and increased energy. In contrast, the euphoria caused by opioids such as heroin is followed by feelings of relaxation and satisfaction.
To feel better. Some people who suffer from social anxiety, stress, and depression start using drugs to try to feel less anxious. Stress can play a major role in starting and continuing drug use as well as relapse (return to drug use) in patients recovering from addiction.
To do better. Some people feel pressure to improve their focus in school or at work or their abilities in sports. This can play a role in trying or continuing to use drugs, such as prescription stimulants or cocaine.
Curiosity and social pressure. In this respect, teens are particularly at risk because peer pressure can be very strong. Teens are more likely than adults to act in risky or daring ways to impress their friends and show their independence from parents and social rules.
If taking drugs makes people feel good or better, what’s the problem?
When they first use a drug, people may perceive what seem to be positive effects. They also may believe they can control their use. But drugs can quickly take over a person’s life. Over time, if drug use continues, other pleasurable activities become less pleasurable, and the person has to take the drug just to feel “normal.” They have a hard time controlling their need to take drugs even though it causes many problems for themselves and their loved ones. Some people may start to feel the need to take more of a drug or take it more often, even in the early stages of their drug use. These are the telltale signs of an addiction.
Even relatively moderate drug use poses dangers. Consider how a social drinker can become intoxicated, get behind the wheel of a car, and quickly turn a pleasurable activity into a tragedy that affects many lives. Occasional drug use, such as misusing an opioid to get high, can have similarly disastrous effects, including overdose, and dangerously impaired driving.
Do people freely choose to keep using drugs?
The initial decision to take drugs is typically voluntary. But with continued use, a person’s ability to exert self-control can become seriously impaired; this impairment in self-control is the hallmark of addiction.
Brain imaging studies of people with addiction show physical changes in areas of the brain that are critical to judgment, decision-making, learning and memory, and behavior control.12 These changes help explain the compulsive nature of addiction.
Why do some people become addicted to drugs, while others do not?
No single factor determines whether a person will become addicted to drugs.
As with other diseases and disorders, the likelihood of developing an addiction differs from person to person, and no single factor determines whether a person will become addicted to drugs. In general, the more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that taking drugs will lead to drug use and addiction. Protective factors, on the other hand, reduce a person’s risk. Risk and protective factors may be either environmental or biological.
Risk Factors Protective Factors
Aggressive behavior in childhood13,14 Good self-control15
Lack of parental supervision14,16 Parental monitoring and support16-18
Poor social skills13,17,18 Positive relationships17,19
Drug experimentation14,20,21 Good grades17,22
Availability of drugs at school21,23 School anti-drug policies17
Community poverty24,25 Neighborhood resources26
What biological factors increase risk of addiction?
Biological factors that can affect a person’s risk of addiction include their genes, stage of development, and even gender or ethnicity. Scientists estimate that genes, including the effects environmental factors have on a person’s gene expression, called epigenetics, account for between 40 and 60 percent of a person’s risk of addiction.27 Also, teens and people with mental disorders are at greater risk of drug use and addiction than others.28
What environmental factors increase the risk of addiction?
Children’s earliest interactions within the family are crucial to their healthy development and risk for drug use.
Environmental factors are those related to the family, school, and neighborhood. Factors that can increase a person’s risk include the following:
Home and Family. The home environment, especially during childhood, is a very important factor. Parents or older family members who use drugs or misuse alcohol, or who break the law, can increase children’s risk of future drug problems.29
Peer and School. Friends and other peers can have an increasingly strong influence during the teen years. Teens who use drugs can sway even those without risk factors to try drugs for the first time. Struggling in school or having poor social skills can put a child at further risk for using or becoming addicted to drugs.30
What other factors increase the risk of addiction?
Early Use. Although taking drugs at any age can lead to addiction, research shows that the earlier a person begins to use drugs, the more likely he or she is to develop serious problems.31 This may be due to the harmful effect that drugs can have on the developing brain.32 It also may result from a mix of early social and biological risk factors, including lack of a stable home or family, exposure to physical or sexual abuse, genes, or mental illness. Still, the fact remains that early use is a strong indicator of problems ahead, including addiction.
How the drug is taken. Smoking a drug or injecting it into a vein increases its addictive potential.33,34 Both smoked and injected drugs enter the brain within seconds, producing a powerful rush of pleasure. However, this intense high can fade within a few minutes. Scientists believe this starkly felt contrast drives some people to repeated drug taking in an attempt to recapture the fleeting pleasurable state.
Images of Brain Development in health Children and Teens (Ages 5-20)
As the brain matures, experiences prune excess neural connections while strengthening those that are used more often. Many scientists think that this process contributes to the steady reduction in gray matter volume seen during adolescence (depicted as the yellow to blue transition in the figure). As environmental forces help determine which connections will wither and which will thrive, the brain circuits that emerge become more efficient. However, this is a process that can cut both ways because not all tasks are desirable. The environment is like an artist who creates a sculpture by chipping away excess marble; and just like bad artists can produce bad art, environments with negative factors (like drugs, malnutrition, bullying, or sleep deprivation) can lead to efficient but potentially harmful circuits that conspire against a person’s well-being.
The brain continues to develop into adulthood and undergoes dramatic changes during adolescence.
One of the brain areas still maturing during adolescence is the prefrontal cortex—the part of the brain that allows people to assess situations, make sound decisions, and keep emotions and desires under control. The fact that this critical part of a teen’s brain is still a work in progress puts them at increased risk for making poor decisions, such as trying drugs or continuing to take them. Introducing drugs during this period of development may cause brain changes that have profound and long-lasting consequences.
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Preventing Drug Misuse and Addiction: The Best Strategy
Why is adolescence a critical time for preventing drug addiction?
As noted previously, early use of drugs increases a person’s chances of becoming addicted. Remember, drugs change the brain—and this can lead to addiction and other serious problems. So, preventing early use of drugs or alcohol may go a long way in reducing these risks.
Risk of drug use increases greatly during times of transition. For an adult, a divorce or loss of a job may increase the risk of drug use. For a teenager, risky times include moving, family divorce, or changing schools.35 When children advance from elementary through middle school, they face new and challenging social, family, and academic situations. Often during this period, children are exposed to substances such as cigarettes and alcohol for the first time. When they enter high school, teens may encounter greater availability of drugs, drug use by older teens, and social activities where drugs are used.
A certain amount of risk-taking is a normal part of adolescent development. The desire to try new things and become more independent is healthy, but it may also increase teens’ tendencies to experiment with drugs. The parts of the brain that control judgment and decision-making do not fully develop until people are in their early or mid-20s; this limits a teen’s ability to accurately assess the risks of drug experimentation and makes young people more vulnerable to peer pressure.36
Because the brain is still developing, using drugs at this age has more potential to disrupt brain function in areas critical to motivation, memory, learning, judgment, and behavior control.12 So, it’s not surprising that teens who use alcohol and other drugs often have family and social problems, poor academic performance, health-related problems (including mental health conditions), and involvement with the juvenile justice system.
Can research-based programs prevent drug addiction in youth?
Yes. Scientists have developed a broad range of programs that positively alter the balance between risk and protective factors for drug use in families, schools, and communities. Studies have shown that research-based programs, such as described in NIDA’s Principles of Substance Abuse Prevention for Early Childhood: A Research-Based Guideand Preventing Drug Use among Children and Adolescents: A Research-Based Guide for Parents, Educators, and Community Leaders, can significantly reduce early use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs.37 Also, while many social and cultural factors affect drug use trends, when young people perceive drug use as harmful, they often reduce their level of use.38
How do research-based prevention programs work?
National drug use surveys indicate some children are using drugs by age 12 or 13. Prevention is the best strategy.
These prevention programs work to boost protective factors and eliminate or reduce risk factors for drug use. The programs are designed for various ages and can be used in individual or group settings, such as the school and home. There are three types of programs:
Universal programs address risk and protective factors common to all children in a given setting, such as a school or community.
Selective programs are for groups of children and teens who have specific factors that put them at increased risk of drug use.
Indicated programs are designed for youth who have already started using drugs.
Young Brains Under Study
Using cutting-edge imaging technology, scientists from the NIDA’s Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study will look at how childhood experiences, including use of any drugs, interact with each other and with a child’s changing biology to affect brain development and social, behavioral, academic, health, and other outcomes. As the only study of its kind, the ABCD study will yield critical insights into the foundational aspects of adolescence that shape a person’s future.
These brain images show the reward-related circuity in the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain that tend to be more active when a child is successful at achieving a reward. While all of the images show the regions of the brain that are active to reward, the regions in yellow and red are the most active.
Courtesy of the ABCD Study. Adapted from Casey et al., 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2018.03.001
Economics of Prevention
Benefit-per-dollar cost ratios for evidence-based interventions range from small returns per dollar invested to more than $65 every dollar invested.39
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Drugs and the Brain
Introducing the Human Brain
The human brain is the most complex organ in the body. This three-pound mass of gray and white matter sits at the center of all human activity—you need it to drive a car, to enjoy a meal, to breathe, to create an artistic masterpiece, and to enjoy everyday activities. The brain regulates your body’s basic functions, enables you to interpret and respond to everything you experience, and shapes your behavior. In short, your brain is you—everything you think and feel, and who you are.
How does the brain work?
The brain is often likened to an incredibly complex and intricate computer. Instead of electrical circuits on the silicon chips that control our electronic devices, the brain consists of billions of cells, called neurons, which are organized into circuits and networks. Each neuron acts as a switch controlling the flow of information. If a neuron receives enough signals from other neurons connected to it, it “fires,” sending its own signal on to other neurons in the circuit.
The brain is made up of many parts with interconnected circuits that all work together as a team. Different brain circuits are responsible for coordinating and performing specific functions. Networks of neurons send signals back and forth to each other and among different parts of the brain, the spinal cord, and nerves in the rest of the body (the peripheral nervous system).
To send a message, a neuron releases a neurotransmitter into the gap (or synapse) between it and the next cell. The neurotransmitter crosses the synapse and attaches to receptors on the receiving neuron, like a key into a lock. This causes changes in the receiving cell. Other molecules called transporters recycle neurotransmitters (that is, bring them back into the neuron that released them), thereby limiting or shutting off the signal between neurons.
How do drugs work in the brain?
Drugs interfere with the way neurons send, receive, and process signals via neurotransmitters. Some drugs, such as marijuana and heroin, can activate neurons because their chemical structure mimics that of a natural neurotransmitter in the body. This allows the drugs to attach onto and activate the neurons. Although these drugs mimic the brain’s own chemicals, they don’t activate neurons in the same way as a natural neurotransmitter, and they lead to abnormal messages being sent through the network.
Other drugs, such as amphetamine or cocaine, can cause the neurons to release abnormally large amounts of natural neurotransmitters or prevent the normal recycling of these brain chemicals by interfering with transporters. This too amplifies or disrupts the normal communication between neurons.
What parts of the brain are affected by drug use?
Drugs can alter important brain areas that are necessary for life-sustaining functions and can drive the compulsive drug use that marks addiction. Brain areas affected by drug use include:
The basal ganglia, which play an important role in positive forms of motivation, including the pleasurable effects of healthy activities like eating, socializing, and sex, and are also involved in the formation of habits and routines. These areas form a key node of what is sometimes called the brain’s “reward circuit.” Drugs over-activate this circuit, producing the euphoria of the drug high; but with repeated exposure, the circuit adapts to the presence of the drug, diminishing its sensitivity and making it hard to feel pleasure from anything besides the drug.
The extended amygdala plays a role in stressful feelings like anxiety, irritability, and unease, which characterize withdrawal after the drug high fades and thus motivates the person to seek the drug again. This circuit becomes increasingly sensitive with increased drug use. Over time, a person with substance use disorder uses drugs to get temporary relief from this discomfort rather than to get high.
The prefrontal cortex powers the ability to think, plan, solve problems, make decisions, and exert self-control over impulses. This is also the last part of the brain to mature, making teens most vulnerable. Shifting balance between this circuit and the reward and stress circuits of the basal ganglia and extended amygdala make a person with a substance use disorder seek the drug compulsively with reduced impulse control.
Some drugs like opioids also affect other parts of the brain, such as the brain stem, which controls basic functions critical to life, such as heart rate, breathing, and sleeping explaining why overdoses can cause depressed breathing and death.
How do drugs produce pleasure?
Pleasure or euphoria—the high from drugs—is still poorly understood, but probably involves surges of chemical signaling compounds including the body’s natural opioids (endorphins) and other neurotransmitters in parts of the basal ganglia (the reward circuit). When some drugs are taken, they can cause surges of these neurotransmitters much greater than the smaller bursts naturally produced in association with healthy rewards like eating, music, creative pursuits, or social interaction.
It was once thought that surges of the neurotransmitter dopamine produced by drugs directly caused the euphoria, but scientists now think dopamine has more to do with getting us to repeat pleasurable activities (reinforcement) than with producing pleasure directly.
How does dopamine reinforce drug use?
Our brains are wired to increase the odds that we will repeat pleasurable activities. The neurotransmitter dopamine is central to this. Whenever the reward circuit is activated by a healthy,
pleasurable experience, a burst of dopamine signals that something important is happening that needs to be remembered. This dopamine signal causes changes in neural connectivity that make it easier to repeat the activity again and again without thinking about it, leading to the formation of habits.
Just as drugs produce intense euphoria, they also produce much larger surges of dopamine, powerfully reinforcing the connection between consumption of the drug, the resulting pleasure, and all the external cues linked to the experience. Large surges of dopamine “teach” the brain to seek drugs at the expense of other, healthier goals and activities.
Simple activities in everyday life can produce small bursts of neurotransmitters in the brain bringing pleasurable feelings. Drugs can hijack that process.
Cues in a person’s daily routine or environment that have become linked with drug use because of changes to the reward circuit can trigger uncontrollable cravings whenever the person is exposed to these cues, even if the drug itself is not available. This learned “reflex” can last a long time, even in people who haven’t used drugs in many years. For example, people who have been drug free for a decade can experience cravings when returning to an old neighborhood or house where they used drugs. Like riding a bike, the brain remembers.
Why are drugs more addictive than natural rewards?
For the brain, the difference between normal rewards and drug rewards can be likened to the difference between someone whispering into your ear and someone shouting into a microphone. Just as we turn down the volume on a radio that is too loud, the brain of someone who misuses drugs adjusts by producing fewer neurotransmitters in the reward circuit, or by reducing the number of receptors that can receive signals. As a result, the person’s ability to experience pleasure from naturally rewarding (i.e., reinforcing) activities is also reduced.
This is why a person who misuses drugs eventually feels flat, without motivation, lifeless, and/or depressed, and is unable to enjoy things that were previously pleasurable. Now, the person needs to keep taking drugs to experience even a normal level of reward—which only makes the problem worse, like a vicious cycle. Also, the person will often need to take larger amounts of the drug to produce the familiar high—an effect known as tolerance.
Long-term drug use impairs brain functioning.
For more information on drugs and the brain, order NIDA’s Teaching Packets or the Mind Matters series at www.drugabuse.gov/parent-teacher.html. These items and others are available to the public free of charge.
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Addiction and Health
What are the other health consequences of drug addiction?
People with addiction often have one or more associated health issues, which could include lung or heart disease, stroke, cancer, or mental health conditions. Imaging scans, chest X-rays, and blood tests can show the damaging effects of long term drug use throughout the body.
For example, it is now well-known that tobacco smoke can cause many cancers, methamphetamine can cause severe dental problems, known as “meth mouth,” and that opioids can lead to overdose and death. In addition, some drugs, such as inhalants, may damage or destroy nerve cells, either in the brain or the peripheral nervous system (the nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord).
Drug use can also increase the risk of contracting infections. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C (a serious liver disease) infection can occur from sharing injection equipment and from impaired judgment leading to unsafe sexual activity.40,41 Infection of the heart and its valves (endocarditis) and skin infection (cellulitis) can occur after exposure to bacteria by injection drug use.42
Addiction and HIV/AIDS are intertwined epidemics.
Does drug use cause mental disorders, or vice versa?
Drug use and mental illness often co-exist. In some cases, mental disorders such as anxiety, depression, or schizophrenia may come before addiction; in other cases, drug use may trigger or worsen those mental health conditions, particularly in people with specific vulnerabilities.43,44
Some people with disorders like anxiety or depression may use drugs in an attempt to alleviate psychiatric symptoms, which may exacerbate their mental disorder in the long run, as well as increase the risk of developing addiction.43,44 Treatment for all conditions should happen concurrently.
How can addiction harm other people?
The Impact of Addiction Can Be Far-Reaching
Cardiovascular disease
Stroke
Cancer
HIV/AIDS
Hepatitis B and C
Lung disease
Mental disorders
Beyond the harmful consequences for the person with the addiction, drug use can cause serious health problems for others. Some of the more severe consequences of addiction are:
Negative effects of drug use while pregnant or breastfeeding: A mother’s substance or medication use during pregnancy can cause her baby to go into withdrawal after it’s born, which is called neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Symptoms will differ depending on the substance used, but may include tremors, problems with sleeping and feeding, and even seizures.45 Some drug-exposed children will have developmental problems with behavior, attention, and thinking. Ongoing research is exploring if these effects on the brain and behavior extend into the teen years, causing continued developmental problems. In addition, some substances can make their way into a mother’s breast milk. Scientists are still learning about long-term effects on a child who is exposed to drugs through breastfeeding.
Negative effects of secondhand smoke: Secondhand tobacco smoke exposes bystanders to at least 250 chemicals that are known to be harmful, particularly to children.46 Involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke increases the risks of heart disease and lung cancer in people who have never smoked.5 Additionally, the known health risks of secondhand exposure to tobacco smoke raise questions about whether secondhand exposure to marijuana smoke poses similar risks. At this point, little research on this question has been conducted. However, a study found that some nonsmoking participants exposed for an hour to high-THC marijuana in an unventilated room reported mild effects of the drug, and another study showed positive urine tests in the hours directly following exposure.47,48 If you inhale secondhand marijuana smoke, it’s unlikely you would fail a drug test, but it is possible.
Increased spread of infectious diseases: Injection of drugs accounts for 1 in 10 of cases of HIV. Injection drug use is also a major factor in the spread of hepatitis C,49 and can be the cause of endocarditis and cellulitis. Injection drug use is not the only way that drug use contributes to the spread of infectious diseases. Drugs that are misused can cause intoxication, which hinders judgment and increases the chance of risky sexual behaviors.
Increased risk of motor vehicle accidents: Use of illicit drugs or misuse of prescription drugs can make driving a car unsafe—just like driving after drinking alcohol. Drugged driving puts the driver, passengers, and others who share the road at risk. In 2016, almost 12 million people ages 16 or older reported driving under the influence of illicit drugs, including marijuana.50 After alcohol, marijuana is the drug most often linked to impaired driving. Research studies have shown negative effects of marijuana on drivers, including an increase in lane weaving, poor reaction time, and altered attention to the road.
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Treatment and Recovery
Can addiction be treated successfully?
Yes, addiction is a treatable disorder. Research on the science of addiction and the treatment of substance use disorders has led to the development of research-based methods that help people to stop using drugs and resume productive lives, also known as being in recovery.
Can addiction be cured?
Like other chronic diseases such as heart disease or asthma, treatment for drug addiction usually isn’t a cure. But addiction can be managed successfully. Treatment enables people to counteract addiction’s disruptive effects on their brain and behavior and regain control of their lives.
These images showing the density of dopamine transporters in the brain illustrate the brain’s remarkable ability to recover, at least in part, after a long abstinence from drugs—in this case, methamphetamine.51
Source: The Journal of Neuroscience, 21(23):9414-9418. 2001
Does relapse to drug use mean treatment has failed?
No. The chronic nature of addiction means that for some people relapse, or a return to drug use after an attempt to stop, can be part of the process, but newer treatments are designed to help with relapse prevention. Relapse rates for drug use are similar to rates for other chronic medical illnesses. If people stop following their medical treatment plan, they are likely to relapse.
Treatment of chronic diseases involves changing deeply rooted behaviors, and relapse doesn’t mean treatment has failed. When a person recovering from an addiction relapses, it indicates that the person needs to speak with their doctor to resume treatment, modify it, or try another treatment.52
Source: JAMA, 284:1689-1695, 2000.
Relapse rates for people treated for substance use disorders are compared with those for people treated for high blood pressure and asthma. Relapse is common and similar across these illnesses. Therefore, substance use disorders should be treated like any other chronic illness. Relapse serves as a sign for resumed, modified, or new treatment.
While relapse is a normal part of recovery, for some drugs, it can be very dangerous—even deadly. If a person uses as much of the drug as they did before quitting, they can easily overdose because their bodies are no longer adapted to their previous level of drug exposure. An overdose happens when the person uses enough of a drug to produce uncomfortable feelings, life-threatening symptoms, or death.
What are the principles of effective treatment?
Research shows that when treating addictions to opioids (prescription pain relievers or drugs like heroin or fentanyl), medication should be the first line of treatment, usually combined with some form of behavioral therapy or counseling. Medications are also available to help treat addiction to alcohol and nicotine.
Additionally, medications are used to help people detoxify from drugs, although detoxification is not the same as treatment and is not sufficient to help a person recover. Detoxification alone without subsequent treatment generally leads to resumption of drug use.
For people with addictions to drugs like stimulants or cannabis, no medications are currently available to assist in treatment, so treatment consists of behavioral therapies. Treatment should be tailored to address each patient’s drug use patterns and drug-related medical, mental, and social problems.
Discoveries in science lead to breakthroughs in drug use treatment.
What medications and devices help treat drug addiction?
Different types of medications may be useful at different stages of treatment to help a patient stop abusing drugs, stay in treatment, and avoid relapse.
Treating withdrawal. When patients first stop using drugs, they can experience various physical and emotional symptoms, including restlessness or sleeplessness, as well as depression, anxiety, and other mental health conditions. Certain treatment medications and devices reduce these symptoms, which makes it easier to stop the drug use.
Staying in treatment. Some treatment medications and mobile applications are used to help the brain adapt gradually to the absence of the drug. These treatments act slowly to help prevent drug cravings and have a calming effect on body systems. They can help patients focus on counseling and other psychotherapies related to their drug treatment.
Preventing relapse. Science has taught us that stress cues linked to the drug use (such as people, places, things, and moods), and contact with drugs are the most common triggers for relapse. Scientists have been developing therapies to interfere with these triggers to help patients stay in recovery.
Common medications used to treat drug addiction and withdrawal
Opioid
Methadone
Buprenorphine
Extended-release naltrexone
Lofexidine
Nicotine
Nicotine replacement therapies (available as a patch, inhaler, or gum)
Bupropion
Varenicline
Alcohol
Naltrexone
Disulfiram
Acamprosate
How do behavioral therapies treat drug addiction?
Behavioral therapies help people in drug addiction treatment modify their attitudes and behaviors related to drug use. As a result, patients are able to handle stressful situations and various triggers that might cause another relapse. Behavioral therapies can also enhance the effectiveness of medications and help people remain in treatment longer.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy seeks to help patients recognize, avoid, and cope with the situations in which they’re most likely to use drugs.
Contingency management uses positive reinforcement such as providing rewards or privileges for remaining drugfree, for attending and participating in counseling sessions, or for taking treatment medications as prescribed.
Motivational enhancement therapy uses strategies to make the most of people’s readiness to change their behavior and enter treatment.
Family therapy helps people (especially young people) with drug use problems, as well as their families, address influences on drug use patterns and improve overall family functioning.
Twelve-step facilitation (TSF) is an individual therapy typically delivered in 12 weekly session to prepare people to become engaged in 12-step mutual support programs. 12-step programs, like Alcoholic Anonymous, are not medical treatments, but provide social and complementary support to those treatments. TSF follows the 12-step themes of acceptance, surrender, and active involvement in recovery.
Treatment must address the whole person.
How do the best treatment programs help patients recover from addiction?
Stopping drug use is just one part of a long and complex recovery process. When people enter treatment, addiction has often caused serious consequences in their lives, possibly disrupting their health and how they function in their family lives, at work, and in the community.
Because addiction can affect so many aspects of a person’s life, treatment should address the needs of the whole person to be successful. Counselors may select from a menu of services that meet the specific medical, mental, social, occupational, family, and legal needs of their patients to help in their recovery.
For more information on drug treatment, see Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide, and Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Research-Based Guide.
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Advancing Addiction Science and Practical Solutions
Leading the Search for Scientific Solutions
To address all aspects of drug use and its harmful consequences, NIDA’s research program ranges from basic studies of the addicted brain and behavior to clinical strategies and health services research. NIDA’s research program develops prevention and treatment approaches and ensures they work in real-world settings. As part of this goal, NIDA is committed to research that addresses the vulnerabilities and health differences that exist among ethnic minorities or that stem from gender differences.
Bringing Science to Real-World Settings
Clinical Trials Network (CTN) – CTN “road tests” research-based drug use treatments in community treatment programs around the country.
Criminal Justice Drug Abuse Treatment Studies (CJ-DATS) – Led by NIDA, CJ-DATS is a network of research centers, in partnership with criminal justice professionals, drug use treatment providers, and federal agencies, responsible for developing integrated treatment approaches for criminal justice offenders and testing them at multiple sites throughout the Nation.
Juvenile Justice Translational Research on Interventions in the Legal System (JJ-TRIALS) – JJ-TRIALS is a seven-site cooperative research program designed to identify and test strategies for improving the delivery of research-based substance use and HIV prevention and treatment services for justice-involved youth.
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study – ABCD is the largest long-term study of brain development and child health in the United States. The study is following more than 11,000 healthy children ages nine to 10 and follow them into early adulthood to observe brain growth.
Sharing Free Information With the Public
NIDA increases the impact of its research on addiction by sharing free information with professionals and the general public. Special initiatives are intended for researchers, clinicians, educators, students, and parents. Please visit https://drugpubs.drugabuse.gov.
NIDA’s Special Initiatives for Students, Teachers, and Parents
Heads Up: Real News About Drugs and Your Body – A drug education series created by NIDA and SCHOLASTIC INC. for students in grades 6 to 12
NIDA for Teens – A website for teens (with resources for educators and parents) that provides age-appropriate facts on drugs
National Drug and Alcohol Facts Week® – A week-long observance that encourages community-based events and dialogue between teens and scientists about drugs and alcohol
Drug and Alcohol Facts Chat Day – A web chat between NIDA scientists and teens, held through school computer labs once a year during National Drug and Alcohol Facts Week®
Special Initiative for Clinicians
NIDAMED – A collection of resources for health professionals on the causes and consequences of drug use and addiction, and advances in pain management.
Publications on Prevention and Treatment Principles
Preventing Drug Use among Children and Adolescents: A Research-Based Guide for Parents, Educators, and Community Leaders – NIDA’s research-based guide for preventing drug use among children and adolescents provides principles based on effective drug-prevention research and includes answers to questions on risk and protective factors as well as on community planning and implementation
Principles of Drug Addiction Treatment: A Research-Based Guide – This guide summarizes principles of effective treatment, answers common questions, and describes types of treatment, providing examples of scientifically based and tested treatment components
Principles of Adolescent Substance Use Disorder Treatment: A Research-Based Guide – This guide discusses the urgency of treating substance use disorders in teenagers, answers common questions about how young people are treated for drug problems, and describes effective research-based treatment approaches
Principles of Drug Abuse Treatment for Criminal Justice Populations: A Research-Based Guide – NIDA’s research-based guide for treating criminal justice-involved people with addiction provides essential treatment principles and includes answers to frequently asked questions as well as resource information.
For more information: All NIDA publications are available at www.drugabuse.gov. Some publications are also available in print, free of charge.
To order a publication in print, call the DRUGPubs Research Dissemination Center at 1–877–NIH–NIDA or go to drugpubs.drugabuse.gov. Watch NIDA videos (NIDA TV) at: www.drugabuse.gov/nida-tv.
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Chassin L, Pitts SC, Prost J. Binge drinking trajectories from adolescence to emerging adulthood in a high-risk sample: predictors and substance abuse outcomes. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2002;70(1):67-78.
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Volkow ND, Chang L, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Franceschi D, Sedler M, Gatley SJ, Miller E, Hitzemann R, Ding YS, Logan J. Loss of dopamine transporters in methamphetamine abusers recovers with protracted abstinence. J Neurosci 21(23):9414-9418, 2001.
McLellan AT, Lewis DC, O’Brien CP, Kleber HD. Drug dependence, a chronic medical illness: implications for treatment, insurance, and outcomes evaluation. JAMA 284(13):1689-1695, 2000.
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Intiman Theatre is a professional not-for-profit resident theater company in Seattle. From its inception in 1972 in a tiny 70-seat theater in Kirkland to its present operation in the 480-seat Playhou
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Intiman Theatre is a professional not-for-profit resident theater company in Seattle. From its inception in 1972 in a tiny 70-seat theater in Kirkland to its present operation in the 480-seat Playhouse Theatre at the Seattle Center, the theater has steadily grown into one of the nation's leading regional theaters. Over the past decade it has developed innovative programs that forge increasingly strong connections with the larger Puget Sound community and encourage dialogue about the role of the theatrical experience in American life. In 2006 Intiman Theatre was awarded the Regional Theatre Tony Award, the highest awards honor an American regional theater can attain.
An Intimate Experience
Margaret (Megs) Booker (b. 1942) first studied theater from 1967 to 1969 as a Fulbright Lecturer in Sweden, returning to Stockholm in 1970 on a Ford Foundation Fellowship at the invitation of the Royal Dramatic Theatre to study with Ingmar Bergman (b. 1918), and again in 1972 on a Swedish government grant to study with Bergman's teacher Alf Sjoberg (1903-1980). Booker founded the Intiman Theatre with the aim of producing international dramatic literature on an intimate scale. She named the venture Intiman after the small theater called Intima Teatern or Intiman founded by August Strindberg (1849-1912) in Stockholm in 1907. "Intiman" is an approximation of the Swedish word intim, meaning intimate.
Intiman Theatre Company's first production was Henrik Ibsen's (1828-1906) Rosmersholm at the Creative Arts League Theater in Kirkland in December 1972. In 1973 Intiman incorporated as a non-profit organization with John Booker serving as its first administrative leader. In 1974 the organization began mounting productions at the Cornish Institute on Seattle's Capitol Hill. In 1975, Intiman's first season as a professional company operating under Actor's Equity agreements, the company adopted Seattle Repertory Theatre's 350-seat Second Stage in downtown Seattle as their main venue. The Intiman used Second Stage during the summer when the Seattle Repertory Theatre was not in season. Surprising some who thought heavy fare like the company's 1975 offerings (Anton Chekov's Uncle Vanya, George Bernard Shaw's The Philanderer, and Henrik Ibsen's Hedda Gabler) would be off-putting in summer, the Intiman's productions continued to do well. By 1976, Intiman had carved out a niche as Seattle's leading producer of classic drama and had a resident company of 14 actors.
New Classics
In 1976 Intiman initiated "New Plays Onstage." These consisted of staged readings of contemporary plays designed to balance the company's season of five classic dramas. A year later, in 1977, the theater opened administrative offices in Pioneer Square in 1977 and hired Simon Siegl as its first general manager.
In 1982 the Intiman presented Henrik Ibsen's The Wild Duck and August Strindberg's A Dream Play, along with staged readings of five contemporary plays, as part of Scandinavia Today. Scandinavia Today was an international exposition of Nordic culture that took place in Seattle, Washington. D.C., New York City, Minneapolis/St. Paul, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Philadelphia.
Exits and Entrances
In 1984 the Intiman was forced to vacate the Second Stage since the building was slated for demolition to make way for the Washington State Convention Center. The company and Seattle officials announced that the Intiman's new home would be in the Mann Building at 3rd Avenue and Union, at the time home to an adult movie theater and the Waggin' Tongue Bar, among other businesses. A plan to renovate the Mann Building fell through. Without a permanent home and carrying a $200,000 debt at 11 percent interest, the Intiman's chances for survival looked grim.
While struggling to stay afloat, in October 1984 Intiman received a $100,000 challenge grant from the National Endowment for the Arts. Challenge Grants can jump-start an organization's fundraising program because they offer a large cash incentive if the organization successfully matches the grant amount within three years. Seattle had recently received a citation as America's most liveable city by the United States Conference of Mayors. The Seattle Post-Intelligencer reported that Mayor Charles Royer (b. 1939) told the press, "There is absolutely no excuse' for not enabling Intiman to achieve its goal of $375,000 when 'the economy is on the way up.' " Royer also called Intiman "a valuable part of [the city's] arts menu" (October 11, 1984, p. B-8).
The Intiman more than doubled its required 3-to-1 match. The company also received financial encouragement from the King County Arts Commission and the Washington State Arts Commission in addition to corporate and individual donations.
Survival Season
In 1985 the company reduced its season from six plays to three and mounted what they called a "survival season" at the Seattle Central Community College's Broadway Performance Hall. Intiman Board president Pamela Schell told the Seattle Post-Intelligencer, "The Intiman Theatre will operate without a loss in 1985 or not at all" (January 28, 1985).
In 1985 Margaret Booker, wearied by the company's financial woes, left the Intiman to become artistic director at the Hartman Theater in Stamford, Connecticut, and actor and director Elizabeth Huddle became the Intiman's artistic director. Under Huddle's artistic leadership, the Intiman's number of annual performances rose from 115 to 247 and its operating budget grew to more than $2 million.
General Manager Simon Seigl departed the company in October 1984. Peter Davis, a former scenic designer who had worked in this capacity for both Intiman and the Seattle Repertory Theatre and later served as manager of the Arizona Ballet, became the Intiman's first managing director in 1985. Davis restructured the company's financial and administrative procedures and negotiated a plan for the Intiman to operate and manage the Seattle Center Playhouse under a 22-year lease from the City of Seattle.
The Playhouse, originally built for the Century 21 Exposition in 1962, underwent a $1.2 million renovation in preparation for the Intiman's occupancy. The move into the Playhouse in 1987 united the company's shop, production, rehearsal, performance, and administrative branches under one roof for the first time.
Davis and Huddle's careful leadership, along with board and community support, pulled Intiman back from the brink and the company ended their 1986 season in the black.
Living History
In 1986 the Intiman founded Living History. Living History is an Arts In Education program that sends teams of actors into classrooms where they use theatrical improvisation techniques to actively engage students in exploring historical and ethical issues. Living History exemplifies Intman's drive to help the larger public, in this case students, spark a connection that illuminates the narrative line between past and present.
The program explores issues such as racism, human rights, censorship, and sexism and is integrated into the curriculum rather than being adjunct to it. Living History now (2006) annually involves more than 135,000 students in high schools throughout Washington. Living History received a Kennedy Center Award for Excellence and the Golden Apple Award for its contributions to arts education from KCTS.
Werner Shook and Elizabeth Huddle
In 1993 Warner Shook became Intiman's artistic director. A friend and protégé of outgoing artistic director Elizabeth Huddle, Shook had directed a number of productions at the theater, including The Kentucky Cycle, and had thus participated in the Intiman's financial recovery and artistic stabilization. Under Shook's leadership, the Intiman deepened its commitment to nurturing and producing new work and initiated New Voices at Intiman, a play-reading series for emerging and established writers.
In 1993 Tony Kushner's two-part epic Angels In America won both the Pulitzer Prize for drama and the Tony Award for Best New Play. This cogent work explores the political climate in America during Ronald Reagan's (1911-2004) presidency against a backdrop of the rapidly growing AIDS pandemic. Intiman became the first regional theater in the country to be awarded rights to produce the play after the Broadway production closed, mounting Part One: Millennium Approaches as the final show of the 1994 subscription season and Part Two: Perestroika as the first show of the 1995 subscription season. This complete production of Angels In America drew an audience of over 63,000 and became the Intiman's most successful production ever.
Laura Penn and Bartlett Sher
In 1994 Laura Penn (b. 1961) succeeded Peter Davis as Intiman's managing director. Under Penn's leadership the Intiman has continued to deepen its commitment to civic dialogue, reaching beyond Intiman's audience-base and even beyond Seattle's general arts community to better root the Intiman within the Puget Sound region through educational programs and community collaborations.
Acclaimed director Bartlett Sher (b.1959) became Intiman's artistic director in 2000. Leading American playwright Craig Lucas became Intiman's associate artistic director in 2002.
Plays that made their world premiere at the Intiman include a collaborative dance/theater stage adaptation of Peter S. Beagle’s novel The Last Unicorn choreographed by Kent Stowell and danced by members the Pacific Northwest Ballet; Robert Schenkkan’s The Kentucky Cycle, directed by Warner Shook and the first play ever to win the Pulitzer Prize for drama without first having a New York production; Nickeled and Dimed, Joan Holden’s adaptation of Barbara Ehrenreich’s non-fiction bestseller about America’s working poor Nickeled and Dimed In America; and Singing Forest by Craig Lucas, winner of the prestigious American Theatre Critics Association's annual Steinberg New Play Award.
In 2003 the Intiman mounted the world premiere of The Light in the Piazza by writer Craig Lucas and composer/lyricist Adam Guettel, its first musical. After a highly successful Seattle run, The Light in the Piazza traveled to Chicago's Goodman Theatre, then to New York, where it opened at Lincoln Center Theater. The Light in the Piazza was honored with six 2005 Tony Awards, more than any other production that year.
The American Cycle
In 2004 the Intiman initiated a planned five-play series of classic American stories they called the American Cycle. The American Cycle includes Our Town, The Grapes Of Wrath, Native Son, All The King's Men, and To Kill A Mockingbird. The American Cycle is designed to extend the audience's experience from that of passive viewer to that of an active participant in a full-scale dialogue about what it has meant through time to be an American and what it means today. Producing one play each year, the Intiman offers free community readings, original theatrical projects bringing together students from local high schools, humanities forums, and other arts educational programs for multigenerational audiences, all springing from the American Cycle play being produced that year.
These events, designed to engage residents throughout the Puget Sound region and to foster active ties between the Intiman and its community, exemplify the company's commitment to working in community. Bartlett Sher told American Theatre writer Stephen Drunkman, "What we try to do is never ignore the fact that we are part of a community. Whenever we build a piece there are two pillars. One is the artistic pillar, and the other is the community pillar" ("The Essential Bartlett Sher"). Sher credited the genesis of this commitment to Laura Penn, calling her "a genius at community work."
Largely because of this commitment to exploring interconnectedness, on June 8, 2006, the Municipal League of King County made Intiman the first arts organization ever to be chosen Civic Organization of the Year. The League stated, "Intiman Theatre distinguishes itself from other major theatre companies nationally, by its focus on using drama to promote discussion about civic issues. More than any other theatre in the region, Intiman has extended its educational programs and community collaborations. These partnerships have helped bring the Theatre's work to wide and diverse audiences across our region, and created long-term relationships that continue to enrich our commitment to civic dialogue" ("Municipal League 2006 Civic Awards").
In 2004 the Intiman received a three-year $400,000 grant from the Doris Duke Charitable foundation recognizing the organization as one of America's "Leading National Theatres." The Leading National Theatres Program supports artistic programs and provides matching endowment grants to exemplary theaters across the United States. The Intiman was the first theater in the state to receive this prestigious grant.
The Highest Honor
On May 16, 2006, the 2006 Tony Awards nominations were announced, including the news that Intiman Theatre would be honored with the 2006 Regional Theatre Tony Award. This award is the highest honor an American regional theater can receive. Laura Penn told Variety reporter Lynn Jacobson that the award came at a time when the Intiman was receiving robust support from season subscribers: "We have the highest renewal rate we've had in 10 years, almost 10 points higher than the national average (of 63%) reported by Theater Communications Group." The number of season subscribers who renew their subscriptions is a gauge of success both within and beyond the theater community and is a measure of how deeply embedded within its community a performing arts organization has become.
Penn and Sher accepted the Tony at Radio City Music Hall in New York on June 11, 2006. In the first "Reflections From The Artistic Director" column he wrote for the Intiman's Encore Arts Program after accepting the Tony Award, Bartlett Sher stated, "I hope that everyone who cares about things like awards realizes that the Tony we now have should be in the hands of thousands of people, artists and audiences alike who distinguish this city and region with their beautiful belief in the power of our artists and our stories to make a difference in each of our individual lives and in our collective experience" (Richard III Encore Arts Program, p. 9).
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Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia
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Sir Antony Sher, KBE (born 14 June 1949) is an English actor of South African origin, a twotime Laurence Olivier Award winner and fourtime nominee. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982 and toured in many roles, as well as appearing on film and TV, and working as a writer and theatre dir
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/favicon.ico
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Alchetron.com
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https://alchetron.com/Antony-Sher
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Early life
Sher was born into a Lithuanian-Jewish family in Cape Town, South Africa, the son of Emmanuel and Margery Sher, who worked in business. He grew up in the suburb of Sea Point and is a cousin of playwright Ronald Harwood. Sher, however, has worked mainly in the United Kingdom and is now a British citizen.
In 1968, after completing his compulsory military service, he left for London to audition at the Central School of Speech and Drama and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), but was unsuccessful. He instead studied at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art from 1969 to 1971. After training, and some early performances with the theatre group Gay Sweatshop, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982.
Career
In the 1970s, Sher was part of a group of young actors and writers working at the Liverpool Everyman Theatre. Comprising figures such as writers Alan Bleasdale and Willy Russell and fellow actors Trevor Eve, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Pryce and Julie Walters, Sher has summed up the work of the company with the phrase "anarchy ruled".
With the Royal Shakespeare Company, Sher took the title role in Tartuffe and played the Fool in King Lear. His big break arrived in 1984, when he performed the title role in Richard III and won the Laurence Olivier Award. Since then he has played the lead in such productions as Tamburlaine, Cyrano de Bergerac, Stanley and Macbeth, and most recently played Falstaff in Henry IV Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 in Stratford-upon-Avon and on national tour. He has also played Johnnie in Athol Fugard's Hello and Goodbye, Iago in Othello, Malvolio in Twelfth Night and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Sher received his second Laurence Olivier Award in 1997 for his performance as the eponymous Stanley Spencer in Stanley.
In 2001, Sher played the role of the composer Gustav Mahler in Ronald Harwood’s play Mahler's Conversion, about Mahler’s decision to renounce his Jewish faith prior to his appointment as conductor and artistic director of the Vienna State Opera House in 1897. Speaking about the role to The Guardian's Rupert Smith, Sher revealed:
"When I came to England in 1968, at 19, I looked around me and I didn't see any Jewish leading men in the classical theatre, so I thought it best to conceal my Jewishness. Also, I quickly became conscious of apartheid when I arrived here, and I didn't want to be known as a white South African. I was brought up in a very apolitical family. We were happy to enjoy the benefits of apartheid without questioning the system behind it. Reading about apartheid when I came to England was a terrible shock. So I lost the accent almost immediately, and if anyone asked me where I was from I would lie. If they asked where I went to school, I.D.say Hampstead, which got me into all sorts of trouble because of course everyone else went to school in Hampstead and they wanted to know which one. Then there was my sexuality. The theatre was full of gay people, but none of them were out, and there was that ugly story about Gielgud being arrested for cottaging, so I thought I.D.better hide that as well. Each of these things went into the closet until my entire identity was in the closet. That's why this play appealed to me so much: it's about an artist changing his identity in order to get what he wants."
In 2015 he played Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman.
He also has several film credits to his name, including Yanks (1979), Superman II (1980), Shadey (1985) and Erik the Viking (1989). Sher starred as the Chief Weasel in the 1996 film adaptation of The Wind in the Willows and as Benjamin Disraeli in the 1997 film Mrs. Brown.
Sher's television appearances include the mini-series The History Man (1981) and The Jury (2002). In 2003, he played the central character in an adaptation of the J. G. Ballard short story, "The Enormous Space", filmed as Home and broadcast on BBC Four. In Hornblower (1999), he played the role of French royalist Colonel de Moncoutant, Marquis de Muzillac, in the episode "The Frogs and the Lobsters". More recent credits include a cameo in the British comedy film Three and Out (2008) and the role of Akiba in the television play God on Trial (2008).
Sher was cast in the role of Thrain, father of Thorin Oakenshield in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug, but appears only in the Extended Edition of the film.
He is currently playing the title role in King Lear and is the only person to play both the Fool and King Lear at the RSC.
Other work
Sher's books include the memoirs Year of the King (1985), Woza Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus in South Africa (with Gregory Doran, 1997), Beside Myself (an autobiography, 2002), Primo Time (2005), and Year of the Fat Knight (2015), a book of paintings and drawings, Characters (1990), and the novels Middlepost (1989), Cheap Lives (1995), The Indoor Boy (1996) and The Feast (1999).
Sher has also written several plays, including I.D. (2003) and Primo (2004). The latter was adapted as a film in 2005. In 2008, The Giant, the first of his plays in which Sher did not feature, was performed at the Hampstead Theatre. The main characters are Michelangelo (at the time of his creation of David), Leonardo da Vinci and Vito, their mutual apprentice.
In 2005, Sher directed Breakfast With Mugabe at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon. The production moved to the Soho Theatre in April 2006 and the Duchess Theatre one month later. In 2007, he made a crime documentary for Channel 4, titled Murder Most Foul, about his native South Africa. It examines the double murder of actor Brett Goldin and fashion designer Richard Bloom. In 2011, Sher appeared in the BBC TV series The Shadow Line in the role of Glickman.
Personal life
In 2005, Sher and his partner – director Gregory Doran, with whom he frequently collaborates professionally – became one of the first gay couples to enter into a civil partnership in the UK. They married on 21 December 2015, the 10th anniversary of their civil partnership.
Theatre
1972–74: Various roles at the Everyman Theatre, Liverpool
1974: Ringo Starr in Willy Russell's John Paul George Ringo and Bert at the Everyman Theatre, where it opened in May 1974. Transferred to the Lyric Theatre, Shaftesbury Avenue, London in August.
1982: Mike Leigh's Goosepimples in the West End
1982: The Fool in King Lear at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1983.
1984: Richard III with the Royal Shakespeare Company. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1985.
1985: Torch Song Trilogy at the Albery Theatre, London
1987: Shylock in The Merchant of Venice with the RSC
1987: Henry Irving in Happy Birthday, Sir Larry at the Royal National Theatre, London (Laurence Olivier 80th birthday tribute)
1990: Singer with the RSC
1991: The Trial and The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui at the National Theatre
1993: Henry Carr in Travesties at the Barbican Centre with the RSC
1994–95: Titus Andronicus at the Market Theatre, Johannesburg. Transferred to the National Theatre and for a UK tour.
1997: Stanley at the National Theatre (repeated on Broadway at the Circle in the Square Theatre)
1997: Cyrano de Bergerac at the Lyric Theatre
1998–99: The Winter's Tale at the Barbican Centre with the RSC
1999: Macbeth at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, with the RSC
2000–01: Macbeth and The Winter's Tale with the RSC
2002: RSC's Jacobean season transfers to the West End.
2003: I.D. at the Almeida Theatre, London
2004: Primo at the Cottesloe Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London (repeated on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre, July–August 2005)
2007: Kean in Kean at the Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford. Transferred to the Apollo Theatre, London in May.
2008: Prospero in The Tempest at the Baxter Theatre, Cape Town; Courtyard Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon; and on tour in Richmond, Leeds, Bath, Nottingham and Sheffield
2010: Tomas Stockmann in An Enemy of the People at the Sheffield Crucible
2012: Leading Role in Travelling Light at the Royal National Theatre
2013: Wilhelm Voigt in The Captain of Köpenick at the Olivier Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London
2014: Falstaff in Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 with the Royal Shakespeare Company
2015: Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller with the Royal Shakespeare Company
2016: Currently playing the title role in King Lear with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
BAFTA TV Awards
0 win, 1 nomination
Laurence Olivier Awards
2 wins, 4 nominations
Drama Desk Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard Theatre Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard British Film Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Screen Actors Guild Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Theatre Awards UK (TMA)
1 win and 1 nomination
Tony Awards
0 win and 1 nomination
Honours
1998: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Liverpool
2000: Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) for services to theatre
2007: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Warwick
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Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
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2021-12-03T15:32:46+00:00
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LONDON (AP) — Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday. Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year.
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Rocky Mountain Outlook
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https://www.rmoutlook.com/lifestyle/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72-4825698
|
LONDON (AP) — Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
Jill Lawless, The Associated Press
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Alchetron, The Free Social Encyclopedia
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2017-12-25T08:30:48+00:00
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Sir Antony Sher, KBE (born 14 June 1949) is an English actor of South African origin, a twotime Laurence Olivier Award winner and fourtime nominee. He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982 and toured in many roles, as well as appearing on film and TV, and working as a writer and theatre dir
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
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Alchetron.com
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https://alchetron.com/Antony-Sher
|
Early life
Sher was born into a Lithuanian-Jewish family in Cape Town, South Africa, the son of Emmanuel and Margery Sher, who worked in business. He grew up in the suburb of Sea Point and is a cousin of playwright Ronald Harwood. Sher, however, has worked mainly in the United Kingdom and is now a British citizen.
In 1968, after completing his compulsory military service, he left for London to audition at the Central School of Speech and Drama and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), but was unsuccessful. He instead studied at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art from 1969 to 1971. After training, and some early performances with the theatre group Gay Sweatshop, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982.
Career
In the 1970s, Sher was part of a group of young actors and writers working at the Liverpool Everyman Theatre. Comprising figures such as writers Alan Bleasdale and Willy Russell and fellow actors Trevor Eve, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Pryce and Julie Walters, Sher has summed up the work of the company with the phrase "anarchy ruled".
With the Royal Shakespeare Company, Sher took the title role in Tartuffe and played the Fool in King Lear. His big break arrived in 1984, when he performed the title role in Richard III and won the Laurence Olivier Award. Since then he has played the lead in such productions as Tamburlaine, Cyrano de Bergerac, Stanley and Macbeth, and most recently played Falstaff in Henry IV Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 in Stratford-upon-Avon and on national tour. He has also played Johnnie in Athol Fugard's Hello and Goodbye, Iago in Othello, Malvolio in Twelfth Night and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Sher received his second Laurence Olivier Award in 1997 for his performance as the eponymous Stanley Spencer in Stanley.
In 2001, Sher played the role of the composer Gustav Mahler in Ronald Harwood’s play Mahler's Conversion, about Mahler’s decision to renounce his Jewish faith prior to his appointment as conductor and artistic director of the Vienna State Opera House in 1897. Speaking about the role to The Guardian's Rupert Smith, Sher revealed:
"When I came to England in 1968, at 19, I looked around me and I didn't see any Jewish leading men in the classical theatre, so I thought it best to conceal my Jewishness. Also, I quickly became conscious of apartheid when I arrived here, and I didn't want to be known as a white South African. I was brought up in a very apolitical family. We were happy to enjoy the benefits of apartheid without questioning the system behind it. Reading about apartheid when I came to England was a terrible shock. So I lost the accent almost immediately, and if anyone asked me where I was from I would lie. If they asked where I went to school, I.D.say Hampstead, which got me into all sorts of trouble because of course everyone else went to school in Hampstead and they wanted to know which one. Then there was my sexuality. The theatre was full of gay people, but none of them were out, and there was that ugly story about Gielgud being arrested for cottaging, so I thought I.D.better hide that as well. Each of these things went into the closet until my entire identity was in the closet. That's why this play appealed to me so much: it's about an artist changing his identity in order to get what he wants."
In 2015 he played Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman.
He also has several film credits to his name, including Yanks (1979), Superman II (1980), Shadey (1985) and Erik the Viking (1989). Sher starred as the Chief Weasel in the 1996 film adaptation of The Wind in the Willows and as Benjamin Disraeli in the 1997 film Mrs. Brown.
Sher's television appearances include the mini-series The History Man (1981) and The Jury (2002). In 2003, he played the central character in an adaptation of the J. G. Ballard short story, "The Enormous Space", filmed as Home and broadcast on BBC Four. In Hornblower (1999), he played the role of French royalist Colonel de Moncoutant, Marquis de Muzillac, in the episode "The Frogs and the Lobsters". More recent credits include a cameo in the British comedy film Three and Out (2008) and the role of Akiba in the television play God on Trial (2008).
Sher was cast in the role of Thrain, father of Thorin Oakenshield in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug, but appears only in the Extended Edition of the film.
He is currently playing the title role in King Lear and is the only person to play both the Fool and King Lear at the RSC.
Other work
Sher's books include the memoirs Year of the King (1985), Woza Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus in South Africa (with Gregory Doran, 1997), Beside Myself (an autobiography, 2002), Primo Time (2005), and Year of the Fat Knight (2015), a book of paintings and drawings, Characters (1990), and the novels Middlepost (1989), Cheap Lives (1995), The Indoor Boy (1996) and The Feast (1999).
Sher has also written several plays, including I.D. (2003) and Primo (2004). The latter was adapted as a film in 2005. In 2008, The Giant, the first of his plays in which Sher did not feature, was performed at the Hampstead Theatre. The main characters are Michelangelo (at the time of his creation of David), Leonardo da Vinci and Vito, their mutual apprentice.
In 2005, Sher directed Breakfast With Mugabe at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon. The production moved to the Soho Theatre in April 2006 and the Duchess Theatre one month later. In 2007, he made a crime documentary for Channel 4, titled Murder Most Foul, about his native South Africa. It examines the double murder of actor Brett Goldin and fashion designer Richard Bloom. In 2011, Sher appeared in the BBC TV series The Shadow Line in the role of Glickman.
Personal life
In 2005, Sher and his partner – director Gregory Doran, with whom he frequently collaborates professionally – became one of the first gay couples to enter into a civil partnership in the UK. They married on 21 December 2015, the 10th anniversary of their civil partnership.
Theatre
1972–74: Various roles at the Everyman Theatre, Liverpool
1974: Ringo Starr in Willy Russell's John Paul George Ringo and Bert at the Everyman Theatre, where it opened in May 1974. Transferred to the Lyric Theatre, Shaftesbury Avenue, London in August.
1982: Mike Leigh's Goosepimples in the West End
1982: The Fool in King Lear at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1983.
1984: Richard III with the Royal Shakespeare Company. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1985.
1985: Torch Song Trilogy at the Albery Theatre, London
1987: Shylock in The Merchant of Venice with the RSC
1987: Henry Irving in Happy Birthday, Sir Larry at the Royal National Theatre, London (Laurence Olivier 80th birthday tribute)
1990: Singer with the RSC
1991: The Trial and The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui at the National Theatre
1993: Henry Carr in Travesties at the Barbican Centre with the RSC
1994–95: Titus Andronicus at the Market Theatre, Johannesburg. Transferred to the National Theatre and for a UK tour.
1997: Stanley at the National Theatre (repeated on Broadway at the Circle in the Square Theatre)
1997: Cyrano de Bergerac at the Lyric Theatre
1998–99: The Winter's Tale at the Barbican Centre with the RSC
1999: Macbeth at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, with the RSC
2000–01: Macbeth and The Winter's Tale with the RSC
2002: RSC's Jacobean season transfers to the West End.
2003: I.D. at the Almeida Theatre, London
2004: Primo at the Cottesloe Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London (repeated on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre, July–August 2005)
2007: Kean in Kean at the Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford. Transferred to the Apollo Theatre, London in May.
2008: Prospero in The Tempest at the Baxter Theatre, Cape Town; Courtyard Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon; and on tour in Richmond, Leeds, Bath, Nottingham and Sheffield
2010: Tomas Stockmann in An Enemy of the People at the Sheffield Crucible
2012: Leading Role in Travelling Light at the Royal National Theatre
2013: Wilhelm Voigt in The Captain of Köpenick at the Olivier Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London
2014: Falstaff in Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 with the Royal Shakespeare Company
2015: Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller with the Royal Shakespeare Company
2016: Currently playing the title role in King Lear with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
BAFTA TV Awards
0 win, 1 nomination
Laurence Olivier Awards
2 wins, 4 nominations
Drama Desk Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard Theatre Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard British Film Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Screen Actors Guild Awards
1 win and 1 nomination
Theatre Awards UK (TMA)
1 win and 1 nomination
Tony Awards
0 win and 1 nomination
Honours
1998: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Liverpool
2000: Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) for services to theatre
2007: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Warwick
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2020-09-23T07:03:50+00:00
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Posts about Antony Sher written by elirab
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en
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tangential travel
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https://elirab.me/tag/antony-sher/
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I would like to write specifically about Ronald’s connection to Plungyan in Lithuania and his visit there with his wife Natasha in 2005.
I grew up with Ronnie Horwitz. We started school at the Kings Road Primary School in 1941, in the same class of sub A. We completed our schooling at Sea Point Boys’ High in 1951. Throughout our school lives we were in the same class, at Kings Road, at Sea Point Junior and at Sea Point Boys’ High. We lived close to one another, Ronnie in Victoria Road Bantry Bay, and, I, 150 yards away in Brompton Avenue. We were in the Cubs and Scouts together at the 10th Green and Sea Point, We played tennis together, watched cricket at Newlands together, competed with one another at the Eisteddfods.
At school, Ronnie took the lead in the school plays. He was outstanding. After we had finished writing our matric exams, Ronnie left for London, to study Dramatic Art, dropped out of the Royal Academy due to financial difficulties, and the rest, as they say, is history. A career of writing and leadership. We maintained a loose relationship, the occasional phone call when I was in London, but we did spend a day together after watching his acclaimed play “Taking Sides”.
It was whilst reading his novel “HOME” that I learned for the first time that Ronald’s father Isaac Horwitz had emigrated from Lithuania. In half a lifetime, our fathers’ ancestry was not a subject of discussion. Glenda and my journey to Lithuania had already began, when I read Ronnie’s book “Home” and discovered that both of our fathers were from Plungyan. I called Ronnie. “What about you and Natasha joining us in a trip to our shtetl Plungyan” I asked. The reply was immediate. And the date 25th May agreed upon, with our guide Regina to be our leader.
The meeting at the airport was emotional. Ronnie had recently been awarded the Oscar for writing the screenplay of what was to become a Holocaust Classic “The Pianist”. And here he was, with his dear wife Natasha, in Lithuania.
Our journey to Plungyan was via Kovno where we visited Eugenijus Bunka, the son of the “Last Jew in Plungyan”, and our friend and partner in our Plungyan ventures. Eugenijus was in hospital, recovering from an operation. He would not be with us on the upcoming welcome to the Oscar winner.
Upon our arrival in the town our first stop was at the apartment of Yacovas Bunka. During the few years of Lithuanian independence from the Soviet occupation, Yacovas Bunka had welcomed some hundreds of Plungyaner Jews. Few would have been of the international stature of the writer, playwright, literary giant and Oscar winner as Ronald Harwood. There was an immediate warm relationship although Bunka spoke no English and Ronald did not understand Yiddish.
The following morning we proceeded to the mass graves, where 1800 Plungyan Jews had been murdered by the Germans and their Lithuanian Collaborators in July 1941. The mass graves in Plungyan are special .The acclaimed sculptor Bunka, together with his Lithuanian sculptor friends had carved the sculptures which stand as sentinels overlooking the mass graves. These mass graves in the Kausenai Forest have been described by some as the most impressive in the whole of Eastern Europe. Ronald did not have family who had remained in Lithuania, but he walked around, silent, as he absorbed the sanctity of the moment. He was profoundly moved. The photo of Ronald sitting quietly on a bench describes the emotion of the visit.
Our next visit was to the Saules Gymnasium. The headmaster Jouzas Milacius welcomed his important guests, the Harwood’s, in one of the multiple European languages that he spoke, but not a word of English. Jouzas is a true friend of ours, a man who was directly helpful when we proposed the establishment of a Tolerance Education Centre in his school. The pupils were assembled in the hall, waiting for the guests to arrive. They were well prepared. Every class had seen the film, “The Pianist”, and had lessons about the Warsaw ghetto uprising. And here they were, seated and waiting to hear from Ronald. The students were riveted by Ronald’s charm and dynamic personality.
The questions were intelligent. These children had as a teacher Danute Serapiniene, a committed and sincere lady who since 1995 had been teaching children about the Holocaust and about the Jews who lived in their town Plunge.
In the evening there was an event at the local Ogynski Palace where Ronald addressed the intellectuals of the town, relating his experiences of working in Poland with the director of the film Roman Polansky. Again the audience interacted with his engaging and charismatic personality and interacted with many questions about the film.
The following morning was a scheduled meeting with the mayor of Plunge, all arranged by the school? We sat in the mayor’s office, listening to the usual welcome and niceties.
And then Ronald Harwood spoke. I remember his words very clearly. “Mr. Mayor, I know that you have difficulties with budgets. I appeal to you, whatever you do don’t reduce the budgets for culture. To do so will be to the detriment of your society.”
As we walked down the stairs at the conclusion of the meeting, Glenda looked at me, and I looked back at her. We were both thinking of the very same thing. That was to create an art competition, called “The Ronald Harwood Holocaust Art competition“. Ronald’s words to the mayor of Plunge had inspired us and since that time the Ronald Harwood Art Competition has grown from a local event, to a regional event and to a national event. The word “Art” has become “Arts” as all forms of art are part of the competition today. Painting, drawing, sculpture, drama, music and writing.
We were present at the 10th anniversary of the Ronald Harwood Arts Competition, held in the Plunge Town Hall. There was an exhibition of prize-winning art works from previous years and entries from throughout Lithuania. The International School in Vilnius arrived with two full busloads of children of all ages who took part in a musical play, in Lithuanian, English and Yiddish with
Vilna and the Holocaust as the theme.
On Friday night at our hotel in the nearby resort of Plateliai we had a traditional Friday night dinner with candle lighting and Kiddush. Our guests included teachers from the district.
Before leaving Plungyan we had a special visit to make. Living in the centre of the town was Kazys Vitkevicius and his wife. As a 14year old in 1941 Kazys had helped his mother to save Jewish girls. He did this by digging pits in which he hid the girls covered by branches, and bringing them food. Both his mother and Kazys were honoured by Yad Vashem and became Righteous among the Nations. Ronald and Natasha were visibly moved at the experience of meeting this special man.
And so back to Vilnius where Ronald addressed the students at the Sholem Aleichem Jewish Day School. Again, the subject was the movie The Pianist and once more the children at the school were enthralled by the charm and competence of the writer of the script of the film
The Harwoods returned to their home in London after an experience which Ronald told me was something beyond his expectations.
For us, that experience of being with my lifelong friend in the land of the birth of our fathers, to witness the appreciation of the young people of the artistry of Ronald Harwood inspired us to talk about Tolerance Education and to display the winning art works from the Ronald Harwood competition in countries around the world, including South Africa and Lithuania.
Abel Levitt
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dbpedia
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https://terripaddock.com/curse-of-the-character-actor-antony-sher-doubted-he-could-play-falstaff/
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en
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Curse of the character actor? Antony Sher doubted he could play Falstaff
|
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2015-05-13T08:00:14+00:00
|
Tonight, Antony Sher opens in the West End in the RSC’s transfer of Death of […]
|
en
|
Terri Paddock
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https://terripaddock.com/curse-of-the-character-actor-antony-sher-doubted-he-could-play-falstaff/
|
Tonight, Antony Sher opens in the West End in the RSC’s transfer of Death of a Salesman. But, as acclaimed as the production is, as important as it is in this centenary year of Arthur Miller’s birth, and as epic a part as life’s underdog Willy Loman (who Sher plays) is, the truth is this is a little bit of a sandwich season.
In Stratford-upon-Avon, where it ran on the RSC’s main home base stage, the Royal Shakespeare Theatre, Death of a Salesman followed on the heels of one of the biggest, juiciest challenges of Sher’s career: playing Shakespeare’s ultimate comic (-tragic?) role, the larger-than-life Sir John Falstaff in Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2.
Both Shakespeare and Miller stagings are directed by Greg Doran, artistic director of the RSC and Sher’s life partner since they met in 1987 on an RSC production of The Merchant of Venice, in which Sher, already a ‘name’, starred as Shylock and a younger Doran, before he gave up acting, played Solanio.
Despite the director’s intimate access to his actor of choice, however, persuading Sher to accept the role of Falstaff was no easy task – as is made abundantly clear in Sher’s latest book, Year of the Fat Knight: The Falstaff Diaries. Sher, the consummate character actor, was riddled with doubts; doubts that assailed him throughout his time considering, researching, rehearsing and performing the role, which has already won him the Critics’ Circle Award for Best Shakespearean Performance.
Year of the Fat Knight is a fascinating read for many reasons. Apart from his insights into the pleasures and pains of acting for a living, Sher writes beautifully about life, art, relationships and, of course, Shakespeare. And, also a painter (is there no end to this man’s talents?!), his sketches and other illustrations add – literal – colour to the book.
Below is an edited extract from Year of the Fat Knight‘s first chapter, in which Sher struggles with the very idea of himself at Falstaff and delays accepting the role, despite the urgings of no less than Ian McKellen, Derek Jacobi and, of course, Greg Doran – who, by the way, seems like an ideal husband and human being. In fact, they both do. So…
Antony, Greg, just in case you’re reading this, if you’re ever free for dinner, please come round to mine in SE1, anytime. Open invitation.
For the rest of you, read on and enjoy!
From Year of the Fat Knight
Monday 11 February 2013
It’s all Ian McKellen’s fault.
A month or so ago, Greg (Doran; Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director, and my partner) was talking to Ian about whether he’d like to come back to the company, and what parts he might play. Greg mentioned that he was directing Henry IV Parts I and II next year, and what about Falstaff? Ian said it wasn’t of interest to him, and then added, ‘But why are you looking for Falstaff when you’re living with him?’
Ian was making reference to a performance of mine that he’d seen at the National Theatre: Jacob in Travelling Light. Nicky Wright’s play is about the early days of film-making, set in an East European shtetl, circa 1900, and Jacob is the local timber merchant (and embryonic movie mogul), described in the stage directions as ‘a big and ebullient man, a Tolstoyan peasant’. As a character, he is what is called larger-than-life. And yes, looking back now, I suppose Jacob could have been Falstaff’s Jewish cousin.
Anyway, Greg told me what Ian had said, and we smiled at it, and didn’t take it seriously at all. Falstaff has never been a part I’ve remotely thought of as being mine.
Casting it has preoccupied Greg for a couple of years now, and I’ve been his sounding board from time to time. All sorts of names have been mooted – including Patrick Stewart, Jim Broadbent, Brian Cox – but Greg eventually decided his first choice was Derek Jacobi. The offer is presently with him….
I didn’t know how to react to Greg. I had no problem about not being the first choice for the part – if you live with a director, you understand the nature of these things – but the idea was still baffling. Me as Falstaff? Short, Jewish, gay, South African me as Shakespeare’s gigantically big, rudely hetero, quintessentially English, Fat Knight? It made no sense.
But this is an ongoing problem for the character actor. He never feels ideally right for any part.
I said, ‘Well… let’s talk about it again… if Derek says no.’ And we moved on to other things.
Wednesday 13 February
Greg rang from Oxford. He’s just spoken to Derek Jacobi, who has said no. Not because of other commitments, but because he’s reread it and can’t see himself in the role.
‘So,’ said Greg; ‘I am now officially proposing that you do it.’
After a pause, I said, ‘I’ll think about it, okay?’ Then put the phone down, feeling I’d just had bad news.
Sunday 17 February
[Greg said:] ‘You can change yourself… you’re a “shape-shifter”.’
‘But it’s not just Falstaff’s shape. There’s something about his spirit. That’s the truly big bit of him.’
‘You could do it.’
‘Then why haven’t I been thought of before? You’ve talked about all sorts of actors. We’ve talked about them together. I’ve never been in the frame. Never – in either of our heads.’
‘And that’s fine,’ said Greg confidently. ‘Happens all the time in casting. The best idea, the person you end up with, wasn’t even on your original list.’
‘Well… there’s something else. And it’s not easy to talk about.’
Greg frowned. This wasn’t like us.
I proceeded slowly: ‘We’re in a funny position. That crazy Observer thing about power couples. I mean, when we met, I was already established, you were starting out… and yet now, in terms of power, you’re much more powerful than me. You know I have no problem with that. You know I rejoice in you having The Job. But with something like this, where I’m a completely left-field idea for the part, and maybe completely wrong… we could be accused of nepotism.’
‘Oh that’s nonsense – you’re a leading classical actor!’
‘You’re not thinking about this properly. Nepotism. I mean it seriously. I’d hate that charge to be made. I’d hate it for you especially. And actually it could be bad for you – this early on in The Job – if you get this wrong.’
‘I’m not getting this wrong.’
Greg was calm. I was not.
He said, ‘And if it’s of any comfort to you, the Board would have to ratify your casting. It comes under a clause called Conflict of Interests. At the next Board meeting, I’d have to step out of the room while they discussed exactly what you’re scared of – the question of nepotism.’ He paused. ‘So how do we proceed?’
Wednesday 13 March
‘Piss or get off the pot.’
Greg says this lightly, but I’ve heard it before – when actors keep him waiting to say yes or no to an offer – and I know he’s running out of patience. My inability to make a decision means that we’re both stuck to the spot. He can’t move on: find another Falstaff, or cast the other parts. If it was another director, I wouldn’t care about their problems – this is too important a decision for me – but it isn’t another director, it’s Greg.
Monday 18 March
Isn’t that reason enough to do Falstaff – a work project so big I’ll not be bored for years?
No. It isn’t enough.
Then what about the simple fact that it’s another great Shakespeare role? I’m proud of the Shakespeare notches on my belt, and here would be one more, a giant one, a fabulous one, and one I never dreamed of. How could I not do it?
Well, why didn’t McKellen or Jacobi do it? They’ve both spent their careers notching up a line of Shakespeares, and they’ve done their Lears now, and there’s nothing left. What was it about Falstaff that they shied away from? Maybe a generational thing. They’re the last group from a theatrical tradition which said that, for the classical actor, certain roles (like Hamlet, Macbeth, etc.) lead to Lear, while others (like Touchstone, Bottom, etc.) lead to Falstaff, and never the twain shall meet.
This is a blind alley. You can’t judge yourself against other actors.
What is it then? Why is this decision harder than any other?
Look at the eyes in the portrait. Half-closed. Defensive.
The thing I’ve said again and again is that I don’t want to be laughed at.
Friday 22 March
It’s not good enough to have a good part if the play isn’t good enough!!
And here I am now, with Falstaff – being offered not just a good part, but a great one, in two plays which are not just good, but great. And am I seriously farting and faffing around, wondering whether to do it or not?!
Fuck tradition, fuck the normal notions of who should play Falstaff, fuck its status as an iconic role, fuck the fact that I’m not fat enough or tall enough or whatever…!
I’m a character actor, and this is the greatest character part ever written. It presents me with a tremendous feast of the kind of acting that I like best, that I do best – it’ll take all my imagination and creativity to invent his shape, his voice, his very being, and I will enjoy doing that. And yes, it’s a humungous job, and will feed my workaholism to the limit, and that is important, and I’ll enjoy that too. And Greg and I will be working together on Shakespeare again, and I will especially enjoy that.
Year of the Fat Knight comes thirty years after Antony Sher published Year of the King, about his experience playing Richard III for the RSC, which has since become a classic of theatre literature. According to publishers Nick Hern Books, Year of the Fat Knight “is destined to rank with the Year of the King as one of the most enduring accounts of the creation of a giant Shakespearean role”. It’s hard to disagree. The hardback is priced £16.99 and there are a limited number of signed copies available.
Visit www.nickhernbooks.co.uk for more information.
Father and son relationship x2
The relationship between Antony Sher and Greg Doran isn’t the only one fuelling the success of both Death of a Salesman and Henry IV, Parts 1 and 2. A striking one has also developed onstage, and seemingly off, between Sher and his young co-star, Alex Hassell.
The father-son connection between their characters in both plays is critical. In the Shakespeare, Falstaff is like a second dad to Prince Hal, while in the Miller, Willy is Biff’s actual dad, however strained and destined to disappoint their relationship is.
The RSC is a big family, they say. So it seems.
Death of a Salesman continues its limited season at the West End’s Noel Coward Theatre until 18 Jul 2015.
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https://theartsdesk.com/theatre/antony-sher-i-discovered-i-could-be-other-people
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Antony Sher: 'I discovered I could be other people'
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Remembering the brilliant actor knight who revealed himself both on stage and in pioneering performance diaries. Obituary by Jasper Rees
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https://theartsdesk.com/theatre/antony-sher-i-discovered-i-could-be-other-people
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He also wrote plays, and he painted. It was as if the stage could not contain him. The screen certainly couldn’t: Sher's acting style was so volatile, so expansive, so technically adapted for the theatrical space that aside from his well-remembered turn as Howard Kirk (pictured below), the voraciously heterosexual lecturer in Malcolm Bradbury’s The History Man (1981), his performances on film are a mere footnote to a towering theatre CV.
From the first he was always an actor apart, and he was often at his most consistently thrilling when he was in the undisputed lead role. In perhaps his deepest and quietest performance, he brought Primo Levi to the stage in his own one-man play. Of other real figures he portrayed, he was a sexually tortured Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’s play Stanley, and a roaring Edmund Kean at the Old Vic. He once told me the story of how he ended up as the lead role in I.D. (2003), the play he wrote for the Almeida about the assassination of South Africa’s first prime minister. The director Nancy Meckler suggested the writer sit mutely in a corner where, for the first time in his professional life, he would watch. “Which I got to enjoy very much,” he said, sounding surprised – even delighted – at the memory of ceding the floor to others. “And I was not going to be in the play. We offered this to a shortlist of actors that we wanted to play that part and they couldn’t do it. I was rather sad the day we decided it’s silly, I might as well do it.” He ended up onstage for almost the entire duration of the play.
Sher’s last totemic performance for the RSC (and the subject of his final book) was in King Lear in 2016, when he convincingly played a mighty potentate whose mind is horrifically fractured by the onset of dementia. It was fascinating to watch him graduate to this crowning role. More than 30 years earlier, while at university, I saw the young Daniel Day Lewis interviewed in front of a roomful of students. I don’t remember the context in which this came up, but I firmly recall him quoting Michael Gambon’s advice to actors: “When playing Lear, make sure you aren’t upstaged by your Fool.” Gambon had recently played Lear for the RSC. His capering, sinuous, red-nosed Fool was Sher. The sense that he wasn’t always collegiate onstage became part of the Sher’s reputation and it irked him. I once interviewed an actress who was appearing alongside him in a new play at the National. “He’s probably quite a competitive actor,” she mused, perhaps a little naively. When this thought bubble got published there was all hell to pay in the rehearsal room.
I interviewed Sher three times across a decade and found him a fascinating mix of diffident and forthcoming. Anointed a star when he played Richard III on crutches in the manner of a bottled arachnid spitting venom and rage, he was first known for pyrotechnics which shielded deeper energies. But these were unveiled as, across the years, he peeled away the layers of his identity in search of truth and authenticity.
Antony Sher was born in Cape Town in 1949. He was of Lithuanian Jewish stock, from a family with not an artistic cell in its DNA. He first knew he was homosexual at four, the same age he started painting. In the shadow of Table Mountain, those two preferences practically amounted to the same thing. He later expressed a hint of envy at his birthplace’s mutation into what he called “the San Francisco of Africa. It's so gay it’s unbelievable.” He was a reticent child, and was sent to elocution class (nobody dared call it acting class) “to draw me out of myself. I was so withdrawn everyone was starting to get worried that they had this peculiar person on their hands.” By the time he was 18, his parents were researching drama courses in London.
"They found that Central School was the top school at the time and naively they found digs for me at Swiss Cottage before we left and then we did the audition and it was all over in 10 minutes. They had different grades of letters. Mine was the worst you could get because it said, ‘Absolutely find another profession.’ And then the problems began. My parents found me somewhere else but then they had to go back and I wasn’t in a drama school at the time and then it all became quite scary. London is quite a frightening place if you don’t know anybody. I was very alone. I went to the theatre a lot."
After six months he got into Webber Douglas, then went on to Manchester to do a postgraduate course where he made the curious decision to marry. “Never mind about coming out publicly. The very first stage is coming out to yourself, and that was something I, like most people I guess, struggled with a lot and kept telling myself this is just a phase.”
It doesn’t take much expertise in cod psychology to see why Sher has played so many outsiders - starting, you could argue, with his West End debut as Ringo in Willy Russell’s play about the Beatles (“my first false nose”). In adulthood it took him as much effort to own up to his nationality – he purgatorily destroyed up his old South African passport – as his sexuality. His first act on entering drama school was to suppress his accent, resulting in a faint nasal blockage that hinted at something underneath fighting to get out. And he encouraged an obsession with losing himself inside his own virtuosity. He had an extraordinarily malleable appearance: the only constants were his height (smallish) and teeth (babyish), but he had no trouble looking young, old, tubby, thin, ordinary, insane.
It felt like a form of madness, the terrible feeling that would build up in the afternoon as the evening performance came nearer
“I began by just being very interested in disguise on stage. That was a very important thing, that I was kind of hidden. I discovered I could be other people.” In a sense he was going about his father’s business: his father exported hides. Later, he explained, he grew “more interested in what's inside these people. I think it started happened with things that were personally very important to me, with Torch Song Trilogy, Merchant of Venice. You know, Richard III is not personally important to me.”
“I always felt like a better actor when the roles related to me personally,” he told me another time, “because there was a personal investment. But I’m completely drawn to power-mad and so-called evil people. I’ve been to some dark places so I’m fascinated by the darkness in people.” He was one of many actor knights called upon to play Hitler (in Churchill: The Hollywood Years).
Sher was one of the first thespian grandees to come out. He did so in 1989 at the same time as Characters, a book of his portraits and sketches. "That was the point where it was absurd to not be out, because there were so many pictures in the book of Jim, the guy I lived with at the time. People said, ‘If you come out publicly you don’t get to go to Hollywood’ and you say, ‘Well then you don’t.’ It had been so uncomfortable beforehand: you’d have come to interview me for Torch Song Trilogy [Harvey Fierstein's play about a transvestite nightclub singer] and would have been told ‘he doesn't talk about his private life’.”
He actually came out, as he liked to put it, as a gay, Jewish, white South African. Later he owned up to suffering from cocaine addiction for the best part of 20 years before he decided to clean up for good. As he explained in his memoir, Beside Myself (2001), at his first meeting none of his fellow addicts had heard of him. The books’ reviewers smacked their heads at the obviousness of it all and chorused, “Aaah! So that’s why he was always such a jittery, hyperactive performer.” Completely inaccurate, said Sher. “I didn’t use it much onstage. I did one or two good paintings on coke because it made me very free. It definitely didn’t make me a good actor because it separates you from your feelings and creates a paranoid feeling in you. You wondered whether people were noticing that you were now and then licking your gums.”
If this was not such a surprise, his later confession to suffering from stage fright was. “It felt like a form of madness,” he says, “the terrible feeling that would build up in the afternoon as the evening performance came nearer. I’d be on stage saying the lines and there’d be another voice in my head saying, 'Any moment now you’re going to f*** up.’ There’d be a second voice telling me to shut up.”
For a time, while playing Iago for the RSC, he thought of giving up acting altogether. The eventual cure was to write and perform in a one-man show, in which he played not just any man, but Primo Levi in an adaptation of If This Is A Man. It took him and the National Theatre two years to persuade the Levi family to break their strict embargo on adapting the author’s account of his experiences in Auschwitz. With permission finally secured, he conceded that “it was good to have that material, because if I ever got frightened I could just say my fear is so unimportant compared to his fear of living in this nightmarish place.”
It was one of those roles he found so vast and taxing that it spawned a book. The most autobiographical of these was Woza Shakespeare! (1996), the diary he kept with Gregory Doran about mounting Titus Andronicus in South Africa, then bringing it to England. Edited by Andrew Motion, and with a cover illustration by Sher, it has a page-turning inter-continental plot but what made it stand out from the genre is the book’s domestic intimacy: Doran and Sher had lived together for 10 years by then but this was the first of their many professional collaborations. Director and star got along just fine, but they hadn’t worked out how to leave the job at the office. One hilarious flying crockery scene narrated by Doran segues into Sher’s account of contritely combing the lawn for shards of china.
If Sher was disappointed by the lack of major screen roles he hid it well. In Shadey (1985) he played a man who performs a sex change operation on himself. There was a small flurry in the second half of the 1990s. In Mrs Brown (1997) he caught the eye as Disraeli, and the following year as Dr Moth in Shakespeare in Love. He was a hammy Sergeant Cuff, Wilkie Collins’s prototype detective, in a TV adaptation of The Moonstone. His bravest screen performance was in Alive and Kicking (1996), also known as Indian Summer, a barely remembered film scripted by Martin Sherman about an Aids counsellor who has an affair with a ballet dancer diagnosed as HIV-positive. It contained the frankest depiction of homosexual love-making yet filmed with such an established actor. Opposite Jason Flemyng, Sher played the scene naked with his knees behind his ears. “It was incredibly brave of me!” he said. “I find that kind of stuff very difficult. It’s going beyond the normal call of actorly duty. We were both very relieved when the day was over.” There was the odd award for these performances, but he found attending awards ceremonies difficult: in 1997 he was happy to be out of town when he won an Olivier for Stanley, and again when he was nominated for a Tony. (He also won an Olivier jointly for Richard III and Torch Song Trilogy in 1985.) That there weren’t more screen leads “actually ceased to be an issue for me,” he said years later. “People have an idea that films are what everyone wants to do. Maybe I did think that as well. A few years ago my agent said, ‘If you really want to do it you are going to have to stop doing these big theatre contracts. Let’s take some time out, read scripts, go up for things.’ And I’ve never read so much rubbish in all my life. I went up for some things. It just doesn’t work for me because what I can do as an actor I can’t bring into a room to meet someone. This is what a film director would be meeting and you’d think, ‘He’s not very interesting.’ And I don’t get the part. But American film actors – they are what you meet. That’s what they do. And that’s not me.”
Instead he committed to a lifelong exploration of the great writers and the great roles. Too numerous to list, they included Shylock, Cyrano, Falstaff (pictured above with Alex Hassell), Arturo Ui, Leontes, Tamburlaine, Macbeth and Prospero. In work by contemporary playwrights he shone in, among others, Tom Stoppard's Travesties, Peter Flannery's Singer, Peter Barnes's Red Noses, Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman and Broken Glass. Climactically, in 2019 he and his compatriot, the actor-playwright John Kani, appeared in Kani's two-hander Kunene and the King. Ostensibly about a black carer and his white terminal patient, it also told of their shared history as South Africans growing up under apartheid.
When Sher was playing Edmund Kean in 2007, in a play adapted from Alexandre Dumas by Jean-Paul Sartre about what it takes to be a very great actor, he came across one speech in particular, delivered to an aspiring actress, which puts in a nutshell everything he had been wanting to say about this strange and unique profession to which he had devoted his life: “You act to lie, to lie to yourself, to be what you cannot be and because you are disgusted with what you are. You act so as not to know yourself and because you know yourself too well. You act because you’d go mad if you didn’t.”
“It’s hard to believe that someone who isn’t an actor could have written that,” he said. “All those levels of self-loathing and vanity and self-display.”
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https://www.ksat.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
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en
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Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
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2021-12-03T00:00:00
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Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72.
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en
|
/pf/resources/images/ksat/favicon.ico?d=754
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KSAT
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https://www.ksat.com/entertainment/2021/12/03/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
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LONDON – Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller's “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere's “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher's last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.’”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
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https://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/programs/juris-doctor/access-and-support/financial-services/funding-sources/osgoode-bursary-program/osgoode-bursaries/
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Osgoode Hall Law School - York University
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2014-06-13T20:21:20+00:00
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Advocis Education Foundation Bursary The Advocis Education Foundation has established a bursary to be awarded annually to a student entering the JD Program at Osgoode Hall Law School. The recipient of the bursary will be determined on the basis of past academic performance and financial need. The amount of the bursary will constitute the annual […]
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en
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Osgoode Hall Law School
|
https://www.osgoode.yorku.ca/programs/juris-doctor/access-and-support/financial-services/funding-sources/osgoode-bursary-program/osgoode-bursaries/
|
Advocis Education Foundation Bursary
The Advocis Education Foundation has established a bursary to be awarded annually to a student entering the JD Program at Osgoode Hall Law School. The recipient of the bursary will be determined on the basis of past academic performance and financial need. The amount of the bursary will constitute the annual income from a fund of approximately $7,000 donated by the Foundation. While it is intended that this bursary be used primarily as an entrance bursary on the basis outlined above, the Foundation is also prepared to allow it to be awarded in any year as an in-course bursary if a greater need is perceived in that area. In addition, the bursary may not be awarded in any year with the intention of making two awards in a subsequent year or of adding the non-awarded income to the fund to generate higher awards in future years. The bursary may also be split among two or more recipients in any year.
Christina and Diamantis Alexandris Bursary
Gina Alexandris ’91, founder of Osgoode’s Career Services Office, and Assistant Dean Student Services, between 2000 and 2009, created this bursary to honour her parents who immigrated from Greece to build a new life in Canada. Their journey was, at times, challenging but they were dedicated to their daughters and the education they needed to be successful. Hardworking and respectful to all, they believed strongly in paying it forward and helping others. This bursary is given to a JD student in financial need with preference given to a student who is first generation.
Harry W. Arthurs Bursary Fund
Friends and colleagues of Harry W. Arthurs set up this fund in recognition of his commitment to increasing the diversity of and accessibility to the Law School when he stepped down as Dean in 1977. The fund provides bursaries to first-year students in financial need.
Dylan Augruso ’16 Memorial Bursary
This bursary, established by Dickinson Wright LLP, honours the life and legacy of Dylan Augruso, a young, but highly talented and revered, civil litigation associate with the Toronto office. While maintaining a busy practice, Dylan always found ways to combine his passions. Throughout his career, he participated in the Osgoode Mentor Program, volunteered as duty counsel at the Toronto Small Claims Court and the Sport Dispute Resolution Centre of Canada, and was an accomplished speaker and writer who often appeared in legal publications. Still, he made time for playing (and watching) soccer, spending time with family and friends, and raising his labradoodle with his fiancée.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative that supports JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Carlo Baldassarra Award
The Carlo Baldassarra Award was created by the law firm of Goldman Spring Kichler & Sanders LLP in honour of Greenpark Homes 50th anniversary and as a tribute to Carlo, his talent, vision and dedication to his business, family and community. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program in financial need who has demonstrated achievement in the area of Real Estate Law.
Carlo Baldassarra emigrated to Canada from Italy in 1958, at the age of 19. His first job in Canada was as a carpenter. Possessing a keen business sense and an understanding of the value of hard work, he was able to turn those qualities into unrivaled success in the real estate development and construction industry. A decade after arriving on Canadian shores, Carlo created Greenpark Homes, along with partners Jack Wine and Phillip Rechtsman. It would soon grow to become Canada’s largest homebuilder.
John M. Barber Award
In memory of John M. Barber, former Osgoode Hall Law School faculty member, this award is to assist students in the JD Program who have demonstrated financial need.
William and Edward Barrack and John Joseph Radey Bursary
William and Edward Barrack and John Joseph Radey each faced personal and physical challenges with grace and courage. None of them lived to celebrate their 50th birthday. The McCarthy Tetrault Foundation has made a donation, the annual income from which will be made available in the form of a bursary to students in the JD program who are Canadian citizen/permanent residents, Ontario residents and who demonstrate financial need. Preference will be given to students who are facing personal challenges.
Bastedo Stewart & Smith Bursary
Thomas J. Bastedo (LLB 1969), Joanne Stewart (LLB 1981) and Bryan Smith (LLB 1987) are partners in a family law practice in Toronto. They established this bursary in gratitude of the education they each received at Osgoode Hall Law School and to help students who require some financial assistance to complete their degree. This bursary will be given annually to a student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, Ontario resident. Recipients must demonstrate financial need and an interest in family law.
Michelle and Guy Berman Bursary
Michelle (Geller) and Guy Berman met in 1998 when they were both students in the LLB program and credit Osgoode as the foundation for much of their future success. They created this annual award on the occasion of their 18th wedding anniversary to assist a current JD student in financial need.
Sandra Birnbaum Bursary
Sandra Birnbaum ’77, LL.M ’99 entered Osgoode Hall Law School as a mature student after working for many years as a teacher. In 1999, she was appointed a Master of the Superior Court of Justice for Ontario. In appreciation of the opportunities her legal education provided, she wishes to assist other students with their Osgoode experience. This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and who demonstrates financial need.
Howard Black ’83 ’01 (LLM) Award
Established in 2010 to celebrate the 25th anniversary of Howard Black’s call to the bar by his mother, Beverly Black. Howard began teaching at Osgoode as an Adjunct Faculty member in 1992 and quickly became one of the most popular instructors. He was recognized with the Osgoode Teaching Award for Adjunct Faculty in 2004. His professionalism, sincerity, kindness and generosity have endeared him to students, faculty and staff. The award will be given annually to a student in the JD program on the basis of academic excellence and financial need. The recipient must be a Canadian citizen, permanent resident, or protected person and a resident of Ontario.
Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP Access Bursary
As part of its continued commitment to diversity in the legal profession, the firm of Blake, Cassels & Graydon LLP has established two entrance bursaries, each in the amount of $1,500, to be awarded annually to students entering first year and who are in financial need. These bursaries are intended to assist individuals with good academic potential who are from groups which confront or who have themselves confronted identifiable social, educational and/or economic barriers to education.
Jeffrey Blidner Award
In his 25 years at Goodman and Carr LLP, Jeffrey Blidner (LL.B ’72) earned a reputation as an outstanding senior corporate and securities lawyer. The firm established this award to honour their friend and colleague and to celebrate his distinguished career. This award will be given to a student who is enrolled in or has completed a business law related clinical program at Osgoode Hall Law School. Recipients must demonstrate academic excellence and financial need.
Norman Borins, Stephen Borins and Jennifer Borins Sutton Memorial Bursary
The Norman Borins Memorial Bursary was established in 1992 by the family, former colleagues and friends of Norman Borins, a graduate of the class of 1930 at Osgoode. Mr. Borins had a long and distinguished career at the criminal bar as both an assistant Crown Attorney and a partner at Croll and Borins, and its successor firms. Jennifer Sutton Borins, a graduate of the class of 1985, was greatly influenced by her grandfather, Norman, in choosing law as a career. Jennifer was a devoted wife and mother, a practicing lawyer and skillful legal editor and an accomplished musician. On her passing in 2003, her family and friends thought it appropriate to rename this bursary in memory of Jennifer and her grandfather. By establishing the bursary, the Borins family acknowledges the financial difficulties experienced by contemporary law students. The interest generated by the endowed fund will be used to provide assistance to Osgoode students requiring financial support. As the Ontario government provides matching funds for a portion of the endowment, some of the bursaries will be limited to Canadian citizens and permanent residents of Canada who are Ontario residents.
Rudolph P. Bratty Award
Rudolph P. Bratty graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1957 and went on to a distinguished career in real estate law and land development. He has generously given his time and support to numerous charitable organizations. This award will be given to students registered in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who have demonstrated academic achievement and financial need. The Ontario Student Opportunity Trust Fund has matched a portion of the endowment, therefore, to be eligible some recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents and Ontario residents.
Abe Bresver Award with CFPDP
Abe Bresver greatly respected the study of law and took great pride when his eldest nephew, David Bresver, graduated from Osgoode Hall in 1971.
Education was highest on Abe Bresver’s list of values and priorities, having grown up on the prairies as the eldest of five children. Unfortunately, the economic hardships endured by immigrants to Canada meant that only one would eventually attend university. As the oldest boy, another unfortunate sign of the time, he was able to do so. He knew from personal experience how it felt to be the “other” and to be considered lesser than his classmates. Abe Bresver was able to face these obstacles as a member of a minority group and surmount them to become a respected Chartered Accountant and successful businessman.
On Abe Bresver’s death in 2007, pursuant to a bequest in his will, the Feiga Bresver Academic Fund was created to honour his late mother. Its mandate is to support those seeking post-secondary education and the possibility of participating in scientific research who might not have the economic means to do so.
Combining his regard for the law and his sensitivity to challenges faced by students to fulfill their dreams, supporting an endowment fund at Osgoode Hall Law School that gives preference to students with physical disabilities in partnership with “A Seat at the Table” and the Canadian Foundation for Physically Disabled Persons (CFPDP) is a most appropriate continuation of Abe Bresver’s vision.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers Initiative and will support JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health, racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges. Preference will be given to students with physical disabilities.
Onie Brown Memorial Bursary
Mrs. C.M. Muskat, B.A., Barrister of Toronto, has established a bursary in memory of the late Onie Brown, Q.C., Barrister, of Osgoode Hall, 1928-55. The bursary is to be awarded to those students in need of financial assistance.
Penny Cader Bursary
The family and friends of Penny Cader established this bursary on the occasion of her 60th birthday. Penny came to Osgoode Hall Law School in 1988 as a mature student and then went on to practice law at Gowlings. She was very grateful for the opportunity to study at Osgoode and would like to help other mature students to complete their studies. This bursary will be given annually to an Osgoode student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, a resident of Ontario, and who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a sole support parent.
Archie Campbell Memorial Bursary
Established by the classmates and friends of Justice Archie Campbell ’67, who was an active member of the Law School, most notably as a columnist for the Obiter Dicta. A beloved teacher and highly respected jurist who embodied the best characteristics of the bench: a deep knowledge and respect of the law, and the wisdom to apply it fairly. Archie lived life to the fullest and made sure those around him enjoyed it too. He will be sadly missed by all who knew him.
This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who is a Canadian citizen, permanent resident or protected person and a resident of Ontario who demonstrates financial need.
Craig Carter ’86 (LLM) Memorial Award
Fasken Martineau DuMoulin LLP created this award as a tribute to their long-time partner, colleague and friend, Craig Carter. He was a well-known real estate lawyer whose door was always open and was always available to give advice, help or mentorship. He was involved in continuing education for the legal profession and worked as an adjunct professor at Osgoode and Queen’s law schools. In 2015, he was recognized for this outstanding career with the Law Society Medal and the Ontario Bar Association’s Distinguished Service Award in 2017.
This award will be given annually to a student in the JD program who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a student with an interest in real estate law.
The Honourable Madam Justice Moira Lenore Caswell Award
The family, friends and colleagues of the Honourable Madam Justice Moira Caswell have established this award to honour her distinguished career as a lawyer and a judge. As one of the 14 women in her class, Madam Justice Caswell graduated from Osgoode with an LLB in 1960 and was called to the Bar in 1962. She practiced commercial and real estate law for 20 years and was appointed as one of Her Majesty’s Council in 1978. From 1968 to 1981 she was an instructor for the Law Society of Upper Canada. She was Program Co-Chairman for the Canadian Bar Association and served on the Ontario Education Relations Commission as a Fact Finder and Mediator. She was appointed as a Judge in the Provincial Court Civil Division in 1982. She was appointed to the Ontario Court Superior Division where she served from 1992-2003. Community service was an essential part of Madam Justice Caswell’s life. She served on the Board of the Women’s College Hospital, the St. Joseph’s Health Centre Foundation, Victoria Day Care Services and the York Montessori Schools.
Madam Justice Caswell was known for her engaging personality and her love of, and dedication to, the law. She was committed to lifelong professional development and community service. She never failed to be impassioned by the judicial system and sought to achieve the highest standards for herself and members of her profession. This award will be given annually to second-year Osgoode students who have shown an interest in community service and who demonstrate financial need. Recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents and residents of Ontario.
Felix and Millie Chan Bursary
This award is given annually to an Osgoode student who is in financial need and has demonstrated an interest in health law or civil litigation. Felix and Mille Chan were international students who met at York University. This award is established as a way for Chan’s to support future graduates in law in pursuing their education.
Chaplick Family Parkdale Award
The Chaplick Family Parkdale Award has been established by the Chaplick family in celebration of the 25th Anniversary of the establishment of Parkdale Community Legal Services. Mr. Elliott Chaplick, who graduated from Osgoode in 1972, was a member of the first Parkdale class in 1971-72, and has taken a continuing interest in Parkdale. An award will be granted annually to a student enrolled in the Intensive Program in Poverty Law at Parkdale. The student will have demonstrated academic excellence, financial need, and an active commitment to the principles of social justice. The funds supporting this award were matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly are available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Sandra Chapnik Mature Student Bursary Fund
The income from a fund established by The Honourable Madam Justice Sandra Chapnik (Osgoode’ 76) and Dr. Jerry Chapnik is to be used for the annual award of a bursary to a student in any year admitted under the Mature Student applicant category and who is in need of financial assistance. Madam Justice Chapnik was a member of the first group of students admitted to the Law School under the Mature Student applicant category.
Chernos Flaherty Svonkin LLP Bursary
Chernos Flaherty Svonkin LLP is a commercial litigation boutique in downtown Toronto that was founded with the objective of providing clients with strategic and effective legal advice and representation in litigation, arbitration, mediation and other circumstances that call for the benefit of experienced legal counsel. The firm established this bursary, to be awarded annually, to support the next generation of lawyers interested in pursuing a career in litigation. The bursary is available to a student in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School in financial need and who has demonstrated an interest in litigation.
Larry D. Clarke Bursary
The Larry D. Clarke Bursary was generously endowed by Joan and Larry D. Clarke. Larry Clarke was York University’s Chancellor from 1987 to 1991. He graduated from Osgoode Hall in 1949 and went on to become Chairman of Spar Aerospace Ltd. This bursary is available to students registered at Osgoode Hall Law School who are Canadian citizens/permanent residents, Ontario residents (as defined by the Ontario Student Assistance Program) and who demonstrate financial need.
Class of 1954 50th Reunion Bursary
To commemorate the 50th anniversary of their graduation from Osgoode Hall Law School, the class of 1954 generously donated this bursary. It will be given annually to a student(s) in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, an Ontario resident, and who demonstrates financial need.
Class of 1960 BARR Award
This award is given annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident, who has financial need and is in good academic standing. The Class of 1960 BARR was known as Dean Smalley Baker’s 8th Dragoons. This bursary was established on the occasion of their 50th class reunion.
Class of 1960 LLB Bursary
This bursary will be given annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and who had financial need. The Class of 1960 LLB was the first to graduate from Osgoode with an LLB degree. This bursary was established on the occasion of their 50th class reunion.
Class of 1964 Paul C. Weiler Bursary
Members of the Class of 1964 established this award in 2004 to commemorate their 40th anniversary reunion. It will be given annually to a student enrolled in the JD program who is both an Ontario resident and a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, who demonstrates financial need and, having regard to his/her academic record and/or extracurricular contributions at Osgoode Hall Law School, is particularly deserving of receiving such award.
Class of 1966 Bursary
On the occasion of their 40th class reunion in 2006, the class of 1966 endowed this bursary. It will be given annually to a student(s) in the JD program. Recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons/Ontario residents who demonstrate financial need.
Class of 1967 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1967 Bursary Fund was initiated in 1997 to commemorate the lives and achievement of two well known members of the Class of ’67 who died in that year, Mr. David (“Bugsy”) Newman and Mr. Larry Grossman. The fund has been established in the expectation that future donations from members of the Class of ’67 to Osgoode Hall Law School will help make the fund grow. The first portion of the fund has been matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Class of 1968 Generation-to-Generation Bursary
The Class of 1968 was the last class to graduate from the old Osgoode Hall Law School. On the occasion of their 35th class reunion they raised funds to endow a bursary to assist students in the JD program. This bursary will be given annually to an Osgoode student who demonstrates financial need, is an Ontario resident and a Canadian citizen/permanent resident.
Class of 1969 Reunion Bursary
This bursary was donated to Osgoode Hall Law School by the Class of 1969 in celebration of their 35th class reunion in 2004. It will be awarded annually to students registered in the JD program who are Ontario residents, Canadian citizens/permanent residents and who demonstrate financial need. Recipients must be in good academic standing.
Class of 1972 Award
Members of the Class of 1972 established this award in celebration of their 30th anniversary reunion. It will be given annually to a student enrolled in the JD program who demonstrates financial need, academic achievement, and involvement in extracurricular activities, such as athletics, student government or other organized activities at Osgoode Hall Law School.
Class of 1974 Bursary
This bursary was donated to Osgoode Hall Law School by the Class of 1974 in celebration of their 30th class reunion in 2004. It will be awarded annually to a student registered in the JD program who is an Ontario resident, Canadian Citizen/permanent resident and who demonstrates financial need.
Class of 1975 Bursary
The bursary will be given annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and who has financial need. The Class of 1975 created this bursary on the occasion of the 35th anniversary of their graduation from Osgoode.
Class of 1976 Bursary
On the occasion of their 25th reunion the Class of 1976 dedicated a seminar room at Osgoode. For their 30th reunion they endowed a bursary at the Law School to help future generations of students. This bursary will be given annually to students in the JD program who are Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons, Ontario residents and who demonstrate financial need.
Class of 1977 Bursary
In celebration of their 25th anniversary reunion, members of the Class of 1977 established this bursary. It will be given annually to a student enrolled in the JD program who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a student who has a demonstrated interest in social justice issues and/or who intends to pursue a career in the social justice area.
Class of 1978 Bursary
In 2003, the Class of 1978 celebrated their 25th class reunion. They recognized that the Law School played a significant role in their lives, both professionally and personally. To commemorate this special occasion, they decided to establish a bursary with the intention of helping future Osgoode students succeed in their legal education. This bursary will be awarded to a student entering the first year of study in the JD program. Recipients must demonstrate financial need. The Ontario government, through the Ontario Student Opportunity Trust Fund has contributed matching funds to the endowment; therefore, the award is restricted to students who are Canadian citizens/permanent residents and Ontario residents.
Class of 1980 Bursary
This bursary was established in 2005 by the Class of 1980 to commemorate their 25th class reunion. It will be awarded annually to students registered in the JD program who are Ontario residents, Canadian citizens /permanent residents/ protected persons, and who demonstrate financial need. Recipients must be in good academic standing.
Class of 1985 Bursary
In honour of the 25th anniversary of their graduation, the Class of 1985 created this bursary to assist future generations of Osgoode students. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and who has financial need.
Class of 1992 and Family of Michele de Pass Lund Bursary
On the occasion of their 10th anniversary reunion the Class of 1992 established this bursary to honour their friend and classmate. Michele entered Osgoode as a mature student. She became involved in the life of the Law School through her column in the Obiter Dicta. Upon graduation Michele began a successful career in law. She articled and practiced corporate/commercial law at McCarthy Tétrault and then became Director & Solicitor of The Toronto-Dominion Bank. She balanced her busy career with her life as a wife and mother of two boys. She is remembered for her wit, frankness, determination and kindness, and is deeply missed by her family and friends. This bursary will be awarded annually to a female student registered at Osgoode in the JD program who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a mature student.
Class of 1993 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1993 Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift by the Class of 1993 to ensure that the commitment, dedication, and vision that characterized the Class will be remembered and honoured. Income from the Fund is used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need. The Ontario Student Opportunity Trust Fund matched a portion of the endowment and therefore some of the bursaries will be available only to Ontario residents who are Canadian citizens/Permanent residents.
Class of 1994 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1994 Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift to the School by the Class of 1994. The gift symbolizes the Class’ gratitude for the friendships made and the education received during the years at Osgoode. Income from the fund is used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need.
Class of 1995 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1995 Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift to the School by the Class of 1995 to ensure that the Class will be remembered by the students of today. Income from the fund is used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need.
Class of 1996 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1996 Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift to the School by the Class of 1996. The gift acknowledges the gratitude of the Class for the legal education received and is meant to assist future Osgoode students. Income from the Fund is used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need. The fund supporting this bursary was matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly the bursary is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Class of 1997 Bursary Fund
The Class of 1997 Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift to the School by the Class of 1997. The gift is made to help ensure that legal education remains affordable for everyone. Income from the fund will be used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need. Recipients must be Ontario residents and Canadian citizens/permanent residents.
Class of 1997 Out of Province Bursary Fund
The Class of 1997 Out of Province Bursary Fund was established as a graduation gift to the School by the Class of 1997. The gift is made to help ensure that legal education remains affordable for everyone. Income from the fund will be used to assist out of province Osgoode JD students in financial need.
Class of 2001 Steven R. Huta Memorial Bursary
This is awarded annually to a JD student in financial need who has completed second year and who has shown outstanding academic and athletic achievement and/or student life involvement. Recipients must be a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person and a resident of Ontario. This award was established in memory by family and friends of Steven Huta who was an exceptional student who died tragically in his second year of study at Osgoode Hall Law School.
John Alexander Cochran Bursary
This bursary was originally established by the Class of 1990 in memory of their classmate John Alexander Cochran. John’s family also contributed to the Bursary. It is to be awarded annually to a student in the second or third year of the JD program who is in financial need and is a Canadian citizen/ permanent resident/ protected person and an Ontario resident.
Patrick and Eithne Condon Award
Mary Condon created this award while serving as Dean of Osgoode Hall Law School in honour of her parents, Patrick and Eithne Condon. They both understood and were strongly supportive of the capacity of a university education to change lives. Recipients must demonstrate academic merit, financial need and be the first member of their family to attend university.
Randa Jean Cook Memorial Bursary Fund
This memorial fund has been established to honour the memory of Randa Jean Cook who graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1989. Randa died in a cycling accident in July 1992. During her time as a student at Osgoode Hall Law School, Randa assumed many leadership roles. In addition, she was a committed student of poverty law, labour law and feminist legal theory. The bursary from this fund will be awarded annually to a second or third year student who is in financial need. The successful candidate will be enrolled in the Intensive Program in Poverty Law at Parkdale Community Legal Services.
The Honourable Peter deCarteret Cory Award
A graduate of Osgoode in 1950 and appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada in 1989, the Honourable Peter deCarteret Cory has led a distinguished career as a lawyer, bencher, trial and appellate judge, culminating in his elevation to the Supreme Court. Mr. Justice Cory’s contribution to Canada extends beyond the legal profession and includes service as a decorated RCAF Officer. The law clerks and friends of Mr. Justice Cory have made a generous contribution to establish this award. The award will be offered each year to a student enrolled in the JD program who demonstrates financial need, outstanding academic achievement, and involvement in Osgoode’s extracurricular activities or community service. Preference will be given to a student from the Windsor area.
Criminal Lawyers’ Association Award
The Criminal Lawyers’ Association is one of the largest specialty legal associations in Canada. Comprised of more than 1,000 members, the Association is a strong voice for criminal lawyers and anyone who is concerned with the quality of criminal justice in Ontario. This award will be given annually to a student enrolled in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School on the basis of financial need and academic standing (minimum B average) in an upper year criminal law course or the Criminal Intensive Program.
Tom Curry Family Award
After graduating from Osgoode in 1984, Tom went on to practice as a trial and appellate counsel. This award is a way for his family to support the next generation of lawyers. It will be given annually to a JD student in financial need who has an interest in litigation.
Daviau Family Bursary
The Daviau family began when Dan Daviau (LLB/MBA ’89) and Karine Krieger (LLB/MBA’89) met at Osgoode Hall Law School. They went on to have five wonderful children together. Dan has built a career in the financial industry and became the President and Chief Executive Officer of Canaccord Genuity Group Corporation. This bursary is given annually to a JD student in financial need.
Frederick Homer Alphonso Davis (OHFA) Bursary (2021)
This annual bursary provides support for a self-identified Black JD student in financial need. It is named after Frederick H.A. Davis, who in 1900, was the first Black graduate of Osgoode Hall Law School and the third Black lawyer in Ontario. This bursary, along with the Osgoode Hall Faculty Association (OHFA) Bursary (2021), is funded by the OHFA bargaining unit portion of the Employment Insurance rebates granted to York University because our long-term disability plan duplicates some aspects of the government’s Employment Insurance plan.
Jane A. Deighton ’93 Bursary
Law was a mid-life career path for Jane. She had worked successfully in business and the arts for many years but harboured an unrealized ambition to attend law school. When she reached a juncture in her life when it was the right time to shift her focus to
law, she submitted her applications. Ultimately, she selected Osgoode as being the best fit. Legal education transformed her thinking and enriched her life in countless ways and for that she is grateful to the Osgoode community. With this award she hopes to
provide that opportunity to others.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will support JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Norman Di Lella Memorial Bursary
Through the generosity of his friends, a fund has been established to provide an annual bursary in memory of the late Norman Joseph Di Lella (Osgoode Hall Law School Class of 1957). The bursary representing the annual income of the fund will be awarded to a student in any year of the JD Program.
Dworkin Bursary
This bursary was established by Professor H. W. Arthurs in memory of his grandparents, Harry and Dorothy Dworkin, both of whom throughout their lives worked hard to improve the situation of immigrant and other disadvantaged groups in our society. The bursary will be awarded to a needy student at Osgoode Hall Law School, preferably one who is already enrolled and who is a member of an immigrant or other disadvantaged group. The fund supporting this bursary was matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly the bursary is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Joseph Feldman/Torkin Manes Bursary
Joseph Feldman received his LLM from Osgoode Hall Law School in 2001. He was called to the Ontario Bar in 1975 and practiced in the Real Estate Department at Torkin Manes Cohen Arbus LLP (Torkin Manes) as a partner until December 2007. To mark his retirement from the firm, Mr. Feldman and the partners at Torkin Manes wish to assist Osgoode students with the cost of education. This bursary is available to a JD student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, and an Ontario resident who demonstrates financial need.
Feldstein Family Law Group Award
The firm established this award to be granted to a student in the JD program who has a minimum cumulative average of 7.00 (B+) and demonstrated interest in family law. Recipients must be a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person and a resident of Ontario, and must demonstrate financial need. Andrew Feldstein, the principal of the Feldstein Family Law Group, graduated from Osgoode in 1992.
Neil Finkelstein Bursary
The Neil Finkelstein Bursary will be given annually to a student in the second or third year of the JD program who has demonstrated financial need and academic excellence. Students must have a demonstrated interest in advocacy.
Neil Finkelstein graduated from the Faculty of Law, McGill (LLB) in 1979, and Harvard (LLM) in 1980, and then went on to clerk for The Right Honourable Bora Laskin, Chief Justice of Canada. He had a long and distinguished legal career as a litigator and government advisor. He was an adjunct faculty member at Osgoode for many years and developed a deep relationship with the law school.
Margaret Fischer ’79 Bursary
Margaret Fischer came to Osgoode Hall Law School from a background in social work. As a law student she was known for her strong intellect and work ethic, but also for her kindness to, support of, and compassion for her classmates. After graduating in 1979, Margaret began her legal career with the Toronto law firm Singer Kwinter, where she articled and practised family law. She then moved to the City of Toronto, and later to the Municipality of Metropolitan Toronto as a solicitor in the Real Estate Department. She became the Director of Real Estate Law for the City of Toronto upon amalgamation of Toronto’s municipalities in 1998.
Margaret’s passion was her family, especially her daughter and infant granddaughter. She also delighted in spending time with her wide circle of friends, tending to her enormous gardens, and travelling. Sadly, her retirement plans were cut short by her death from cancer in November 2022.
Margaret supported community engagement and development, along with social equity initiatives. This bursary is established by her law school friends and family, in memory and recognition of her indomitable spirit and her belief that for every life challenge there is a solution.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be given to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Forum Asset Management ICLP Bursary
Forum Asset Management has created this bursary to support JD students who are participating in Osgoode’s Income Contingent Loan Program.
Harold G. Fox Education Fund Bursary
The Harold G. Fox Education Fund has donated a sum to the Law School, the income from which is to be used to provide bursaries for students in financial need.
Bill Francis ’60 Bursary
This bursary was created in memory of Bill Francis ’60 to honour his professionalism, kindness and exceptional legal advice. It will be given annually to a first-year student in the JD program who demonstrates financial need.
Annette Friedman Bursary
This award was established by the children of Annette Friedman ’76, who entered Osgoode as a mature student and passed away in 1986. This award will be given annually to an Osgoode student in the JD program who is determined to overcome challenging personal circumstances while in law school. The recipient must be a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and must demonstrate financial need.
Friends of Osgoode Bursary Fund
The Friends of Osgoode Bursary Fund has been established at Osgoode Hall Law School as part of the “Friends of Osgoode” campaign. The income from the Fund as established, and from any further contributions to the Fund, will be used to provide bursaries for Osgoode students in financial need.
Friends of The Honourable Ian Scott, Q.C. Award
Ian Scott graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1959 and went on to become a leading advocate, politician and Attorney General of Ontario. He excelled in public interest litigation in which he advanced the development of today’s administrative law principles. He led the way on important reforms, and he had enormous enthusiasm, tremendous integrity and outstanding wit. This award is available to students who attain summer employment at a public interest organization such as a legal aid clinic, advocacy organization or non-governmental organization. Preference will be given to a student who is working unpaid or underpaid. Recipient must demonstrate consistent high academic achievement and financial need. The award is restricted to students who are Canadian citizens, permanent residents or protected persons and residents of Ontario.
Lucy Fromowitz Bursary
Lucy Fromowitz credits her long and fulfilling career in higher education to the opportunities and experiences at York University. She is the child of refugees who arrived in Canada following the Holocaust. Her parents supported their daughters through hard work and perseverance in minimum wage jobs while focusing their daughters on education. Lucy completed her undergraduate studies at York and her LLM at Osgoode. Her career began at York University, followed by a Vice Presidency at Centennial College, and then the Assistant Vice President, Student Life at the University of Toronto. She returned to York as the Vice Provost, Students, bringing her career full circle. Access to education was central to her objective throughout her career and she created this bursary to minimize the financial challenges students face to achieving their goals.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be awarded to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Aubrey E. Golden QC ’59, ’90 (LLM) Bursary
The Aubrey E. Golden QC ’59, ’90 (LLM) Bursary will be awarded annually to a JD student with financial need who has demonstrated a genuine interest in social justice.
Aubrey Edward Golden was called to the Bar of Ontario and given the Gold Key Award in 1959, appointed a Queen’s Counsel in 1980 and practiced as a trial and appellate counsel throughout Canada until his retirement in 2004. His work focused on constitutional, labour, aboriginal and environmental law. He represented many large labour and farm organizations as well as organized teachers’ federations. He was a member of the Ontario, Alberta, Prince Edward Island and Nunavut bars and conducted cases in every province and territory of Canada. His extensive archives are available in the York University Archives.
Samuel N. Goldhar Bursary
The annual income generated by a trust fund, established with a legacy left by the late Samuel N. Goldhar, is to be used to provide bursaries for students enrolled in any year of the JD Program who are in need of financial assistance.
Barbara Rosen Gomberg Bursary
Frank ’77, ’11 (LLM) and Avrom ’86 established this bursary in honour of their mother, Barbara (Bayla) Gomberg. Bayla, who graduated from McGill University with a BA and BSW, and an MSW at Tulane University, worked for many years as a psychiatric social worker at the Allan Memorial Institute in Montreal (part of the McGill University Health Centre). But her true gift was as a mediator, a talent she employed with tact, diplomacy and patience on a regular basis as the mother of four sons. This bursary honours her life, her commitment to her profession, and her devotion to her family. It will be given annually to a JD student who is a Canadian Citizen/Permanent Resident/Protected Person, an Ontario resident and who has financial need. Preference will be given to a student who has demonstrated an interest in dispute resolution of all kinds.
Heather Gore Liddell ’03 Bursary
Everyone who met Heather immediately loved her. She was truly fun personified. She lived each day to the fullest and ensured people around her knew they mattered and were special.
Heather’s relationship with Osgoode began as a law student. She graduated with an LLB in 2003. But legal practice was not for her, instead she built a career at Osgoode Professional Development as the Director of Continuing Legal Education. Her family felt creating a student award at Osgoode would be the perfect way to remember Heather and do what she loved most, help others. She was a champion for inclusion yet celebrated difference.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will support JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender
inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Gowlings Award
This award was established in 2005 to celebrate the merger of two highly respected Toronto law firms, Gowling Lafleur Henderson and Smith Lyons. It also pays tribute to The Honourable Ian Scott, a former partner of Gowlings. The award will be given annually to students who have been accepted into The Honourable Ian Scott Public Interest Internship Program where they will undertake summer employment at a public interest organization. Preference will be given to students who are working unpaid or underpaid. Recipients must demonstrate consistent high academic achievement and financial need. The award is restricted to students who are Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons and residents of Ontario.
Alan Grant Bursary
Professor Alan Grant founded the Intensive Program in Criminal Law in 1976. This bursary was established in his honour by the alumni and friends on the occasion of the program’s 30th Anniversary Reunion. It will be given annually to students in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who are Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons, Ontario residents and who demonstrate financial need.
R.J. Gray Award
This award has been established through the generosity of friends and alumni of Osgoode Hall Law School on the occasion of Professor R. J. Gray’s retirement in 2000. R.J. Gray joined the faculty at Osgoode in 1959, and served the Law School for more than 40 years, many of those as Assistant Dean. He is regarded as one of the most endearing members of the Osgoode community — respected by students, alumni, and faculty alike. The award will be offered each year to a student enrolled in the JD program who demonstrates financial need, outstanding academic achievement, and involvement in extracurricular activities, such as participation in York University athletics.
Green and Spiegel Scholarship Fund in Immigration & Refugee Law
The income from the fund is to be used to support students in the Intensive Program in Immigration and Refugee Law who require financial assistance to undertake external placements. The fund supporting the bursaries was matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Stacey Halberstadt Memorial Bursary
This bursary has been established by the family and friends of Stacey Halberstadt ’98, whose life was taken too soon by a rare lung disease in December 2006. Stacey, who was called to the bar in 2000, was active in the political and social life of the Law School before articling at Gowlings. Following her sense of adventure Stacey worked in Bosnia before beginning her LLM at Cambridge University. Stacey is remembered for her passion for human rights, courage, strength, drive and determination, and is deeply missed. This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a student who displays an interest in legal studies related to international human rights and women’s issues.
Hymey and Lucille Hanson Award
This award has been established through the generosity of Ms. Candice Hanson (LLB ’76) in honour of her father and mother, Mr. Hymey Hanson and Mrs. Lucille Hanson. The award will be offered each year to two students enrolled in the JD program who have demonstrated financial need, outstanding academic performance (B+ average or higher), and involvement in Osgoode’s extracurricular activities. As a portion of the funds supporting this bursary were matched by the Ontario Government, one of the awards will be available only to Ontario residents, as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Hymey & Lucille Hanson valued higher education, striving for excellence, and supporting those less fortunate. As children of immigrants, they worked hard to make a better life for themselves and their children. Ms. Hanson felt fortunate to have such loving, dedicated parents, who encouraged her to follow her dreams and aspirations. This award has been established to assist students to achieve their goals and motivate them to do their best.
Harris Internship Award
These awards will be given to students registered in the Intensive Program in Indigenous Lands, Resources, and Governments at Osgoode Hall Law School. The funds will be used to assist students with the travel costs of their internship and other costs associated with their participation in the program. The award was donated by Milton E. Harris, Chairman and CEO of Harris Steel Group Inc. Mr. Harris is committed to the principles identified by the Royal Commission of Aboriginal Peoples, which included educational initiatives that benefit Aboriginal people and non-Aboriginal people.
Reuben Hasson Award
Professor Reuben Hasson was born in Zimbabwe and educated in South Africa, England and the United States. After teaching stints at the University of London and Queen Mary College, London, Professor Hasson joined the faculty at Osgoode Hall Law School in 1975 where he remained until his retirement in 2001. Professor Hasson was dedicated to the advancement of social justice as a teacher, scholar and citizen. He was a much loved instructor whose teaching in the areas of commercial and consumer law insurance and personal income security was infused with his passionate concern for poor and vulnerable members of society. In his scholarship, Professor Hasson brought to light injustice tolerated and perpetuated by the legal system. He was actively involved with community groups advocating for justice on behalf of poor and oppressed groups in Canada and internationally. The bursary will be given annually to a student who has made a significant contribution to the pursuit of social justice. This contribution may be demonstrated through community activity, personal commitment, academic interest or through a combination of these factors. The award will be given annually to a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, resident of Ontario, on the basis of academic achievement and financial need.
Barbara Hawkins Memorial Bursary
The Barbara Hawkins Memorial Bursary will be awarded to a student in the first year of the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who is from the greater Hamilton area and who demonstrates financial need. This bursary was established by the partners of Scarfone Hawkins in memory of Barbara, wife of Donald B. Hawkins ’69.
The Honourable Frederick Clair Hayes Memorial Award
Family members of The Honourable Frederick Clair Hayes established this award in 1999 as a result of a generous gift. A graduate of Osgoode in 1953, The Honourable Frederick Clair Hayes enjoyed a long and distinguished career as a lawyer and judge in Ontario. He was a member of the Provincial Bench, Criminal Division, for a total of 29 years, 18 of which were as Chief Justice. This award is to be given annually to a student enrolled in the JD program who demonstrates financial need and academic achievement. The funds supporting this bursary were matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly are available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
William Bruce Henderson Bursary
The late William Bruce Henderson, Solicitor, London, in his will left a legacy to be used for bursaries and scholarships. The fund has been invested and part of the income is to be applied for the establishment of an annual bursary to be awarded to a student in any year of the JD Program of Osgoode Hall Law School.
Adrian Hill LSM Aboriginal/Indigenous Law Bursary
Dr. Adrian Hill, JD, LSM, who graduated from Osgoode in 1974, was a trial lawyer for thirty years before teaching and writing manuals on addictions, mental illness and work life balance. He is an author and the editor of Canada’s National Suicide Prevention Strategy. Adrian worked on Suicide prevention and bereavement support with Native persons and groups across Canada, particularly in Iqaluit and in Yellowknife, gaining a profound empathy and sadness. Adrian was named an Elder of the Yellowknife Dene, an honorary title.
This bursary is given to a JD student in financial need who has a deep interest in Aboriginal/Indigenous Law, with preference given to a student who identifies as Indigenous.
Hispanic Ontario Lawyers Association (HOLA) and Carranza Barristers and Solicitors Bursary
A primary objective of HOLA is to bring together Hispanic lawyers and law students across Ontario to form a network that strengthens the Hispanic community. Carranza Barristers & Solicitors is a Toronto-based litigation firm committed to excellence through diversity and inclusions. This award will be given annually to a student registered in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident/protected person, an Ontario resident and who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a student who is fluent in Spanish.
Justice Alexandra Hoy ’78 Bursary
The Justice Alexandra Hoy ’78 Bursary will be given annually to students in the JD program at Osgoode who have financial need. Recipients must also be Canadian citizens, permanent residents or protected persons and residents of Ontario.
The Honourable David G. Humphrey and the Honourable Hugh R. Locke Bursary
David G. Humphrey (’50) and Hugh R. Locke (’54) established the firm Humphrey Locke in 1954. They were two of Toronto’s leading criminal lawyers until they were called to the bench, Hugh in 1976 and David in 1985. They influenced generations of criminal lawyers and demonstrated an outstanding responsibility to the profession and their colleagues. As distinguished members of the bench, their judgments demonstrated wisdom, clarity and integrity. Their service to criminal law in Ontario spanned more than 40 years. This award was established by their family and friends to honour their many contributions and dedication to service.
The award will be given annually to an Osgoode student(s) registered in the JD program who has successfully completed two years of law study. The recipient(s) must demonstrate an interest in pursuing a career in the field of criminal law, as reflected in their selection of law school courses in the criminal law field, their enrollment in the criminal law intensive, the Innocence Project, or other similar intensive or clinical program, their employment activity during law school or their employment plans following the completion of their law degree, or such other indicia which, in the opinion of the Student Awards Committee, reflect a commitment to a pursuit of a career in criminal law. In addition, the recipient(s) must demonstrate financial need, be a resident of the province of Ontario and a Canadian citizen or permanent resident. The funds for this award were matched by the Ontario government.
Nelson Arthur Hyland Foundation Bursary
A bursary in the name of Nelson Arthur Hyland, the founder of the Nelson Arthur Hyland Foundation, has been established. The interest on the fund will be awarded annually to students of Osgoode Hall Law School who are in financial need.
Frank Iacobucci Bursary
Through the generosity of the Italian Canadian Benevolent Corporation, the Colombus Centre and members of the Italian community, two bursaries will be awarded annually from the income derived from an endowment established to mark the occasion of the appointment of Frank Iacobucci to the Supreme Court of Canada. The bursaries will be awarded to needy students in the JD, LLM or DJUR degree programs, with preference being given to academically superior candidates.
David and Maureen Jackson Bursary
J. David A. Jackson graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1972, and received the Alumni Gold Key Award in 2012. David and Maureen were married in 1971, and she supported his legal education and practice. David enjoyed a long and distinguished career at Blake Cassels & Graydon LLP, where he served as Chairman from 1995 to 2001. David and Maureen have established this bursary in recognition of the seminal role that Osgoode played in his success.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be given to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Abdurahman ‘Hosh’ Jibril ’93 Memorial Bursary
The Abdurahman ‘Hosh’ Jibril ’93 Memorial Bursary was created by his family and friends to honour his memory and many accomplishments. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program in financial need. Abdurahman ‘Hosh” Jibril (1953 – 2019) came to Toronto in the late 1970s, one of the earliest Somali refugees to come to Canada. He was a man of powerful intellect who disdained mediocrity and possessed a strong commitment to progressive agendas, such as equality, justice, women’s rights, protection of minority groups, and fair representation. Throughout his career as a lawyer and later in his community development work, Hosh has always supported the settlement and integration of large number of refugees and immigrants in Canada, and closely worked with some of society’s most vulnerable members on legal matters. He later went back to Somalia to help serve the country faithfully and held a number of important government positions, including the task of leading the drafting and adoption of the Provincial Constitution of Somalia in 2012. Most recently, Hosh was the Minister of Constitutional Affairs, where he led a constitutional review process.
Sydney Reid Johnston Bursary
The annual income from a fund established with the legacy left by the late Sydney Reid Johnston is to be used to provide bursaries for students enrolled in any year of the JD Program who are in need of financial assistance.
The Honourable Russell Juriansz ’72 Bursary
This bursary was established in 2014 through the fundraising efforts of Osgoode Hall Law School’s South Asian Law Association (SALSA) to recognize the achievements of the Honourable Russell G. Juriansz, the first Canadian of South Asian descent appointed to the Superior Court of Justice in Ontario and the first visible minority appointed to the Ontario Court of Appeal. It will be awarded annually to a JD student who demonstrates financial need.
Terence G. Kawaja MBA/JD Award
This award is presented to a fourth-year MBA/JD student. The recipient must have demonstrated achievement of a minimum 5.0 (B) average in each faculty, participation in a senior leadership role in the MBA/JD Student Association, contribution to the quality of student life, and demonstrates financial need. OSOTF guidelines apply.
Kilravey Family Bursary
The Kilravey Family Bursary was established by Lucas Kilravey’18 in gratitude for the invaluable support of his family in completing his legal education and to acknowledge his meaningful connection to Osgoode Hall Law School. Lucas followed an unusual path to law school, attended as a mature student, was active and outspoken in his work with CLASP, PBSC and the OUTLaws and remains a proud and committed Osgoode alumnus.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be given to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Paul H. Klewans Memorial Award
In memory of Paul H. Klewans, an award has been established. The recipient of this award will be a disadvantaged or mature student who has entered the first year of the JD Program.
Edith Knopf Bursary
Paula Knopf ’75 established this bursary to celebrate the life of her mother, Edith Knopf who was the daughter of immigrants who came to Canada with no money and no knowledge of English. Edith became a role model of integrity and dedication to family and the community who took great joy in teaching English to new Canadians.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be given to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Law Library Bursary
Balfour Halévy served as the Law Librarian from 1967 to 1999. During those years he had the great pleasure of working with a very talented library staff. He has established these bursaries to honour their dedication and to thank them for their tireless efforts to serve the Osgoode community. The bursaries will be awarded to students registered in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who demonstrate financial need. As a portion of the endowment was matched by the Ontario government, some of the expendable income will be limited to Canadian citizens/permanent residents and residents of Ontario. The remainder will be awarded without such restrictions.
Law of Work Award
The Law of Work Award is sponsored by Professor David Doorey who graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School with an LLB in 1995 and a PhD in 2009. Mr. Doorey is a Professor of Work Law and Industrial Relations at York University and Director of Osgoode’s professional LLM in Labour and Employment Law. The Law of Work Award is awarded annually to a JD student based on financial need and a demonstrated interest in practicing in the area of Labour and Employment Law.
Law Society Education Equity Awards
To encourage diversity and the attainment of equity in legal education and practice, the Law Society of Ontario has established the Education Equity Awards, funded by Lexis Nexis. Each year, two students will be selected from Osgoode Hall Law School to receive these awards. To be eligible a student must be a member of a visible minority group, an Indigenous person, a person with a disability, or an LGBTQ student; be enrolled in either the second or third year of the JD Program; and be in good academic standing. The awards will be made primarily on the basis of financial need with due consideration being given to academic achievement and/or devotion and commitment to community and/or university service.
Law Society Foundation Bursary
The annual income generated from trust funds created by various members of the Law Society of Upper Canada is used to provide bursary assistance for students enrolled in any year of the JD Program who are in financial need.
Andrew M. Lawson ’55 Award
This award is available to students who attain summer employment at a public interest organization such as a legal aid clinic, advocacy organization or non-governmental organization. Preference will be given to a student who is working unpaid or underpaid. Recipient must demonstrate consistent high academic achievement and financial need. The award is restricted to students who are Canadian citizens, permanent residents or protected persons and residents of Ontario. Andrew Lawson spent his career delivering legal services to the needy. He was the first Director of the Ontario Legal Plan from 1967 until his retirement in 1988.
Lax O’Sullivan Scott LLP Bursary
The founding partners of Lax O’Sullivan Scott donated this bursary to celebrate the first anniversary of their firm. Each partner made a donation to their law school in gratitude for the legal education they received which served as the foundation for their professional careers. Terrence O’Sullivan graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1971 and went on to a successful career in commercial litigation. This bursary will be given annually to a student registered in Osgoode Hall Law School who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, Ontario resident and who demonstrates financial need.
Legal & Literary Society Bursary
The Class of 2009 and the 2008/2009 Legal & Literary Executive established this award as their graduation gift to the Law School. It will be given annually to a JD student who has demonstrated an outstanding commitment to Osgoode student life through their participation in clubs, groups or student activities. Recipients must be Canadian citizens, permanent residents, protected persons, Ontario residents, and demonstrate financial need.
Glenys and Nathan Lindenberg Bursary
Glenys and Nathan Lindenberg both graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1976 and have established this bursary in celebration of the 30th anniversary of their graduation. The bursary will be given annually to an Osgoode student/students who wish to take courses or other programmes at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. Recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons/Ontario residents who demonstrate financial need.
Eric and Edna Lisus Social Justice Award
This award pays tribute to Edna and Eric Lisus’ enduring commitment to and interest in issues of social justice and equality in their country of birth, South Africa, and their adopted home, Canada. It will be awarded to JD students who have demonstrated a commitment to the betterment of the disadvantaged in society, have good academic standing and financial need.
Brian Little Award
This award was established in 2002 to honour the memory of Brian Little. Brian was a brilliant student and a tremendous hockey player who led the Osgoode Owls to many big wins. After graduating from Osgoode in 1974, Brian studied at the London School of Economics and received his Master of Laws. Brian began his law career at McMillan Binch and became a partner of the firm. He then became Vice President and General Counsel of Dome Petroleum and later General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of B.P. Canada Energy Company. He was a great and loyal friend whose ever-present sense of humour and his love of life touched many people. This award was funded through the generosity of the friends, family and colleagues of Brian Little and through generous contributions by BP Canada Energy Company, James B. Love. Q.C. and McMillan Binch. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program who has good academic standing and demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to a student who is involved in the life of Osgoode Hall Law School through extra-curricular activities such as athletics, student government or other endeavors.
Bob Lush Memorial Bursary
Robert George Lush QC graduated in 1964 from Osgoode Hall Law School. He was in private practice in Oakville from 1966 until his retirement in 2014. Bob was knowledgeable in many areas of law however, his passion was Criminal Law having practiced as both defense counsel as well as having served as Federal Crown. He was known to be an eloquent advocate. To his colleagues in the profession, he was considered to be a mentor on civility in the practice of law. He was highly regarded by his clients, colleagues, the judiciary, and the community he served. This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who has an interest in practicing Criminal Law and demonstrates financial need.
This award is funded through the generosity of the friends, family and colleagues of Bob Lush, and with the annual financial support of the Halton County Law Association.
JD/MBA Joint Students’ Association Award
The JD/MBA Joint Students’ Association Award was established by the LLB/MBA Class of 1997, as their graduating gift to the Joint Program and, together with the support of the alumni of the Joint Program, is meant to provide financial assistance for students in this Program. The recipients of this award will be entering the fourth year of the JD/MBA Program, demonstrate involvement in the JD/MBA Joint Students’ Association and in other student organizations at Osgoode, Schulich and York University, demonstrate volunteer involvement in the community, and exhibit academic achievement and financial need. The Award will be administered through the existing bursary program at Osgoode, in consultation with Schulich and the directors of the Joint Program. The funds supporting this award were matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly are available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
F.G. MacKay Bursary
Frederick George (F.G.) MacKay graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1923. He was a respected litigator before being named a judge of the then Supreme Court of Ontario and a member of the Ontario Court of Appeal in 1952. After 20 years of service, he retired in 1972 and passed away in 1992. This bursary will be given to students in the JD Program at Osgoode Hall Law School who are Canadian citizens, permanent resident or protected persons, residents of Ontario, and who demonstrate financial need. Recipients must have received a minimum grade of B in courses related to criminal and civil litigation.
Mary-Frances Madill Bursary
Established by Dr. Mary-Frances Madill (LLB, 1981) to assist students in the JD program who share her passion for social justice. This award will be granted to students who have demonstrated an interest in the rights of women, children, the elderly, animals, native peoples or the environment. Recipients must be Canadian citizens, permanent residents or protected persons and residents of Ontario who demonstrate financial need. Mary-Frances Madill entered Osgoode Hall Law School as a mature student after a lengthy career in business, teaching, clinical and research psychology.
Michael Mandel Peace and Social Justice Award
The Michael Mandel Peace and Social Justice Award honours the memory of Professor Michael Mandel, whose passion for peace and social justice was reflected in his teaching, research and in his fearless commitment to political engagement. The award will be given to a JD student in financial need who has demonstrated a commitment to the pursuit of peace and social justice through their community activity, personal commitment, or academic interest.
Professor Michael Mandel graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1972 as the Silver Medalist. After obtaining a Master’s degree from Oxford University’s Wadham College and working for a year as a criminal lawyer, he was, at the age of 26, hired to the full-time faculty. He went on to become a much beloved teacher, who, at the time of his death in 2013, was the school’s longest serving full-time faculty member and taught an estimated 4000 students.
Professor Mandel led legal and political campaigns to support the vulnerable or suffering. These campaigns included fighting for prisoners’ rights, improving conditions for workers everywhere, and an end to the occupation of the Palestinian people. He was committed to the pursuit of even-handed justice – both domestic and international. His devotion to truth and logic marked his work. He was best known in his later years for his inspirational anti-war activism against the United States and NATO leaders for committing what he called the supreme international crime, “the waging of aggressive war” in Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq.
Bill Martin ’66 Award
This award is given by Bill Martin in appreciation for the opportunity of attending the law school in the last class at Osgoode Hall. This award is for students who have shown an interest in giving back to the community and/or have a history of volunteerism which they plan to continue, using their talents and legal education. Recipients must demonstrate financial need.
Dianne Martin Memorial Bursary
Dianne Martin (1945-2004) graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1976 and was one of a handful of women of her generation to enter the practice of criminal law. Throughout her career she was a passionate defender of the rights of the wrongly convicted and was a tireless advocate for those disadvantaged on account of gender, race, class, or sexual orientation. She joined Osgoode Hall Law School as a member of the faculty in 1989, served as Academic Director of Parkdale Community Legal Services and co-founded the Innocence Project. Her friends and colleagues established this bursary as a tribute to her many contributions to the justice system, the Law School and her students. This bursary will be given annually to an Osgoode student who is a Canadian citizen/permanent resident, a resident of Ontario and who demonstrates financial need.
Nicola Martin Bursary
Through her position in the Career Development Office at Osgoode, the donor Nicola Martin has the pleasure of working with many outstanding students, but she also sees how many struggle financially. This bursary is given annually to a student in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who has financial need and is a single parent.
Robert Marvin Masters Bursary
The Robert Marvin Masters Bursary will be given to a JD student who demonstrates financial need, outstanding academic achievement and involvement in community service. It was during his years at Osgoode Law where Robert found his passion and his calling in the law, and his thirst for learning was ignited by this passion.
The Robert Marvin Masters Bursary was created by his daughter Jennifer and her children, Rachel and Benjamin, as a tribute to Robert’s deep knowledge and respect of the law, vision for its application, and unwavering commitment to his family and community. This is a legacy that will go to support all future generations of bold and passionate lawyers.
Chief Emmanuel Mbulu Family Award
The Chief Emmanuel Mbulu Family Award will be given to a student who is a Canadian citizen, permanent resident or protected person, and resident of Ontario, who demonstrates financial need. Preference will be given to students who are involved in the Nigerian and/or the Nigerian-Canadian communities and/or are fluent in any of the Nigerian languages. Established by Chief Emmanuel Mbulu. As an international student from Nigeria, Chief Emmanuel Mbulu attended York University where he held several part-time jobs throughout his university years to support his overseas education and his family in Nigeria. Today he is successful businessman and widely respected community leader in both Toronto and in Nigeria. An Osgoode student will be selected in the odd years and an undergraduate student from another faculty will be selected in even years. For information regarding this award Osgoode students should visit the Student Handbook. All other undergraduate students must fill out the current Student Financial Profile at http://sfs.yorku.ca/services/sfp/ to be considered. In addition, applicants will be required to submit a one page statement outlining their involvement in the Nigerian and/or the Nigerian-Canadian communities and/or expressing fluency in Igbo, Yoruba, Hausa or any other Nigerian language.
McCabe Valuations Bursary
Patrick McCabe provides valuation and advisory services to companies and litigation teams across Canada and in the United States. He has created this bursary to recognize the expertise and professionalism of the many lawyers he has worked with when finding fair and equitable valuations in family law, commercial litigation, and civil litigation disputes. This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who demonstrates financial need.
Robert James McLaughlin Memorial Bursary
The late W. W. McLaughlin, Barrister, Toronto, in his will left a legacy, the income from which is to be used for bursaries to be awarded to students at Osgoode Hall Law School.
Gabrielle Monaghan Bursary
The Gabrielle Monaghan Bursary was established by K. A. Siobhan Monaghan (LLB ’84, LLM ’94) to honour her mother, a lifelong learner who believed in the value and importance of education. Gabrielle completed a Bachelor of Arts degree while working as a nurse and raising four young children. Later, despite the difficult circumstances and financial challenges of being a single mother, she returned to university and earned a master’s degree in Hospital Administration while continuing to work full-time to support her children. For Gabrielle, a university education was the path to personal freedom and fulfilment as well as a way to make a positive contribution to community, beliefs she instilled in her children. With her love, encouragement and unwavering support, all four of her children graduated from university.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will support JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Kenneth Gibson Morden Bursary
Kenneth Morden (1907-1961) graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1931 and was the Gold Medalist for the class. He had a distinguished career as a lawyer before being appointed to the Court of Appeal for Ontario in 1957. This award was created by his son, John, also a judge on the Court of Appeal (1978 to 1999), to honour his father’s many achievements.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will be awarded to JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Narcisi Family Bursary
Working in Osgoode’s Student Financial Services Office has given Nadia a unique perspective on students’ financial and personal struggles in law school. She and her husband, Nick, created this award to provide students with financial support but also in gratitude of their connection to Osgoode and York University. This bursary will be given annually to JD students who demonstrate financial need.
The Honourable Wallace Nesbitt Memorial Bursary
The income from this fund is to be applied for the improvement of legal education, the encouragement of legal research, or the awarding of bursaries or scholarships to students at Osgoode Hall Law School as a memorial to The Honourable Wallace Nesbitt.
Obiter Dicta Bursary
The Obiter Dicta Bursary was established in the 2002/2003 academic year by the staff of Osgoode’s student newspaper. They felt the profit generated by the paper that year should be invested to assist the Osgoode community. It is their hope that future editors will continue to contribute to the fund so more assistance is available. The bursary will be given annually to a student registered in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School and who demonstrates financial need. A portion of the endowment was matched by the Ontario government through the Ontario Opportunity Trust Fund and is therefore restricted to Canadian citizens/permanent residents who are residents of Ontario.
Patricia L. Olasker ’77 Bursary
After graduating from Osgoode, Patricia Olasker went on to become a senior partner at Davies Ward Phillips & Vineberg LLP in Capital Markets, Mergers & Acquisitions and Corporate Governance practices. This bursary will be given annually to a JD student who has demonstrated an interest in business law and has financial need.
The Osgoode Centennial Bursary Fund
The Osgoode Centennial Bursary Fund, established through generous donations to the Centennial Campaign 1989-94, provides bursary support for students in the JD Program based on financial need.
Osgoode Centennial Bursary Fund for Students in Special Programs
This fund, established with donations to the Centennial Campaign 1989-94, provides support for students who need financial assistance in order to participate in intensive programs, exchange programs and other special curricular programs established by Osgoode Hall Law School.
Osgoode Classic Bursary
The proceeds from the Osgoode alumni golf tournament were used to establish this bursary. It will be awarded annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen/permanent, resident/protected person, an Ontario resident, and who has financial need.
Osgoode Hall C.O.T.C. World War Memorial Bursary
Out of the Osgoode Hall C.O.T.C. World War Memorial Fund, one or more bursaries may be awarded to students in either their second or their final year of attendance at the School. As far as practicable, they will be awarded either to those who have been in active service or to their sons or daughters. Within this class, preference will be given to those who at the time of the awards are actively identified with any unit of the armed forces of Canada.
Osgoode Hall Faculty Association (OHFA) Bursary
This bursary was established in 2004 by members of the faculty of Osgoode Hall Law School in order to reduce financial barriers to the Law School and to assist a diverse body of students to obtain a legal education at Osgoode. One or more bursaries may be awarded each year to a student in any year of the JD program who is in financial need. As the funds for this Bursary were matched by the Ontario government through the Ontario Student Opportunity Trust Fund, recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents and residents of Ontario.
Osgoode Hall Faculty Association (OHFA) Bursary (2017)
This Bursary was established in 2017 at the request of the Osgoode Hall Faculty Association with a University contribution of $50,000 to support students with financial need.
Osgoode Hall Faculty Association (OHFA) Bursary (2021)
This annual bursary provides support for a JD student in financial need. This bursary, along with the Frederick Homer Alphonso Davis Bursary (2021), is funded by the OHFA bargaining unit portion of the Employment Insurance rebates granted to York University because our long-term disability plan duplicates some aspects of the government’s Employment Insurance plan.
Osgoode Hall Law School Alumni Association Board Bursary
The Board of Directors of the Osgoode Hall Law School Alumni Association is dedicated to advancing the Law School, its alumni, faculty and students. They recognize that the pursuit of excellence is achieved through a partnership between the Law School and its alumni. To that end, the Board has established this bursary to enable talented students to pursue their studies with as few financial pressures as possible. The Award will be given annually to an Osgoode student who has a good academic standing and demonstrates financial need. As a portion of the endowment of this bursary has been matched by the Ontario government, some recipients must be Canadian citizens/permanent residents/protected persons and Ontario residents.
1998 Osgoode Hall Law School Ontario Bursary Fund
The Osgoode Hall Law School Ontario Bursary Fund was established in 1998 from the undesignated donations of the alumni of Osgoode Hall Law School. The fund supporting this bursary was matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly the bursary is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Osgoode Students’ Centennial Bursary
As part of the Centennial celebrations at Osgoode Hall Law School, the student body established a bursary fund through an annual $25 contribution from each student, gathered as part of tuition fees. Matching funds were provided by the Centennial Campaign for the first five years. In 1996, the student body resolved to continue the annual donations to this fund on a permanent basis. Income from the fund is used to assist Osgoode JD students in financial need. A portion of the funds have been matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly some bursaries are available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Osgoode Students Co-Operative Trust Bursary
When Osgoode Hall Law School moved from its downtown location to the York University campus in 1968, a trust fund was established to hold proceeds generated by student use of the photocopy machines in the old premises. This money was designated for the purpose of providing first year admission awards to deserving Osgoode Hall Law School students. The fund will provide an annual admission bursary. Since the trust grew from the students’ contributions, it is hoped that its co-operative nature will be continued or expanded through the voluntary contributions of recipients and others when in a financial position to make them. It is only through such contributions that the fund will live on.
Murray Bernard Page Q.C. Award
This award will be given to students in the JD Program at Osgoode Hall Law School who are Canadian citizens, permanent resident or protected persons, residents of Ontario, and who demonstrate financial need. Preference given to students with a minimum grade of B in courses related to Insolvency Law and Business Law. Murray Bernard Page Q.C. graduated from Osgoode in 1954 and was awarded the Queen’s Council in 1971. A pioneer in the area of insolvency, Murray took great pride in his practice and mentoring lawyers and trustees in bankruptcy. He practices for over 50 years and was granted a Life Membership in the Law Society of Upper Canada.
Paliare Roland Rosenberg Rothstein LLP Award
The firm of Paliare Roland Rosenberg Rothstein LLP established this award to honour its friend, Ian Scott, and to assist a student(s) who intends to pursue a career in public law. Ian Scott (LLB 1959) has been a barrister, a politician and a legal educator. In each of his careers, he set high standards of achievement with integrity and commitment. This award is available to students who attain summer employment at a public interest organization such as a legal aid clinic, advocacy organization or nongovernmental organization. Preference will be given to a student who is working unpaid or underpaid. Recipient must demonstrate consistent high academic achievement and financial need. The award is restricted to students who are Canadian citizens, permanent residents or protected persons and residents of Ontario.
Parkdale Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Student Bursary
The Parkdale Twenty-Fifth Anniversary Student Bursary has been established by the friends and alumni of Parkdale Community Legal Services (PCLS) to celebrate the clinic’s 25 years as a pioneer in Canadian legal services and the provision of legal services to the Parkdale community. This fund provides bursaries to the students of Osgoode Hall Law School who came from the Parkdale community and to students from Osgoode Hall Law School who are enrolled and participating on a full-time basis for an academic semester in the Intensive Program in Poverty Law at PCLS. The fund supporting this fund was matched by the Ontario Government and accordingly the bursary is available only to Ontario residents as defined by the OSOTF guidelines.
Peacock Bursary
Susan J. Peacock was admitted to Osgoode Hall Law School as a mature student and graduated in 1978. She has always been grateful for the opportunity she was given and for the education she received. This bursary is intended to assist students who, like herself, are admitted to Osgoode without the usual post-secondary education. Recipients must demonstrate financial need, be an Ontario resident and a Canadian citizen/permanent resident.
Robert Peck Award
The Robert Peck Award was created in honour of Robert D. Peck who graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1970. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program who is a Canadian citizen, permanent resident or protected person, Ontario resident and who demonstrates financial need. The recipient must have experience with or interest in a regulatory authority charged with acting in the public interest. This may be demonstrated through either enrolment or completion of a course in the area of regulatory law, for example, Administrative Law, Securities, Environmental, etc.
Sidney Peck Award
In 2014, Professor Emeritus Sidney Peck wished to create this Award to make a contribution to the University, the Law School and to legal education. He joined the Osgoode faculty in 1966 and has a particular interest in judicial decision-making and constitutional law. He retired in 1995 and continued to have an ongoing relationship with the Law School. The award is available to students in the second or third year of the JD program or second, third or fourth year of a joint program, who have a minimum cumulative GPA of 7.0 and demonstrate financial need.
The Honourable Lawrence T. Pennell Bursary
The Honourable Lawrence T. Pennell Bursary will be given annually to a student graduating from the Law School who has an articling position in, or expressed desire to practise in a small town or rural community in Canada. Preference will be given to students with financial need and high debt.
Lawrence Pennell graduated from Osgoode Hall Law School in 1938 and went on to a distinguished career in government and the judiciary. In 1962 he was elected to the Canadian House of Commons as the Liberal Member of Parliament for Brant-Haldimand. He served as the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Finance (1964-1965) then as the Solicitor General of Canada (1965). He left politics in 1968 and was appointed to the Supreme Court of Ontario where he served until 1985. This award was created by his daughter Kerry Pennell as a tribute to her father, his many contributions to the Canadian justice system and his love of small town Canada.
Peter G. Picherack Memorial Bursary
Through the generosity of the Cadillac Fairview Corporation Limited, a fund has been established to provide two annual bursaries in memory of the late Peter G. Picherack, Osgoode Hall Law School Class of 1975. The bursaries representing the annual income of the fund will be awarded to two students in financial need in any year of the JD Program.
Gerald J. Pickering Memorial Bursary
Through the generosity of his friends at McMaster University and Osgoode Hall Law School, a fund has been established to provide an annual bursary in memory of the late Gerald J. Pickering, Osgoode Hall Law School Class of 1962. The bursary, representing the annual income of the fund, will be awarded to a student in any year of the JD Program with preference being given to a student who has attended McMaster University.
Professor Marilyn L. Pilkington Bursary
Osgoode Hall Law School established this bursary on the occasion of Marilyn Pilkington’s retirement from the Law School (1980-2013) in recognition of her leadership as Dean (1993-1998). It will be given annually to a student in the JD program with financial need. The bursary is funded through Osgoode’s Accessibility Fund, and will be awarded in the years where there are funds from this source available.
Navi Pillay Award
The Navi Pillay Award will be given to a JD student(s) who will participate in experiential education in the area of international and transnational law, including Osgoode’s International and Transnational Law Intensive Program, as well as other international human rights programs.
Navanethem ‘Navi’ is a South African jurist who served as the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights from 2008 to 2014. In 2016, she was invited to Osgoode Hall Law School to deliver York University’s N. Silvalingam Memorial Lecture in Tamil Studies. On this occasion, members of the Tamil community raised funds to endow this award in recognition of her remarkable career.
John Plater ’96 Memorial Bursary
A hemophiliac who was co-infected with HIV and Hepatitis C through blood products in the early 1980’s, John Plater used his tremendous skills to make the world a better place. He was a passionate advocate who, among other important accomplishments, helped to lead the call for the Krever Inquiry, which resulted in the overhaul of the blood system. This bursary is a tribute to him and is an effort to carry on his legacy. It will be given to a JD student who has financial need and has demonstrated a commitment to advocacy and social justice. Preference will be given to someone committed to advocating for health law issues, particularly HIV and Hepatitis C.
Richard W.J. Posluns Memorial Bursary
In memory of their partner, Richard W.J. Posluns, Osgoode Hall Law School, LLM 1977, the firm of Goodman and Carr LLP has established an annual bursary to be awarded to a deserving student in the JD Program at Osgoode Hall Law School.
The Resilience Bursary
Kofi Barnes grew up in Ghana, West Africa coming to Canada to attend Trent University before enrolling at Osgoode. He graduated in 1991 then went to work at the Department of Justice where he was eventually appointed the Deputy Director of the Federal Prosecution Service. In 2004, he was appointed to the Ontario Court of Justice. He founded the Durham Mental Health and Drug Treatment Court in Oshawa in 2006; the Metro West Community Restoration Court in 2012; and was the co-founder of Canada’s first Drug Treatment Court in Toronto in 1998. He was appointed to the Superior Court of Justice in 2013. In 2002, he found the Canadian Association of Drug Treatment Court Professionals and in 2021, he founded the Association of Justice and Treatment Professionals.
Justice Barnes struggled financially throughout his law degree having only enough money for tuition and rent. The lack of proper nutrition eventually affected his health, causing even greater hardship. Instances of racism had left him feeling isolated and the reason he did not reach out for support. He created this bursary to help students who face similar circumstances. It will be given annually to a Black student in the JD program who demonstrates financial need.
The donation for this endowment was matched by Osgoode Hall Law School.
Jack Lloyd Richmond Bursary
A bursary has been established by his family in honour of the late Jack Lloyd Richmond, a student at Osgoode Hall Law School at the time of his death in January 1975. The bursary consists of the income from a fund and may be awarded each year to a student entering the first year of Osgoode Hall Law School by application on the basis of financial need.
José and Cecilia Rita Memorial Bursary
In 1964, José and Cecilia Rita immigrated to Canada from Portugal with their daughter Raquel, leaving behind their small village in Portugal. José worked as a carpenter in the downtown core of Toronto, while Cecilia worked in the housekeeping department at one of the major hospitals. Despite José’s grade 4 education and Cecilia’s illiteracy, education was a fundamental value in the family they established together. Cecilia learned how to speak Italian and English without the written word, which was an incredible feat. José and Cecilia made sure that their daughter took advantage of the educational opportunities available to her in Toronto as she grew up, ensuring that she was fluent in English, Portuguese, and French at an early age. Raquel graduated from York University in 1985 with a Bachelor of Arts degree. Her son, Ryan, enrolled in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School in 2018. He graduated in 2021 and was called to the bar in 2022. Throughout their academic lives, Cecilia was a source of strength and empowerment for her daughter and grandson. She always felt fulfilled when they studied alongside her, something she had always longed for. The achievement of higher education by Raquel and Ryan was a source of significant pride for José and Cecilia.
Raquel and Ryan are honored to establish this student award at Osgoode to recognize the importance that José and Cecilia placed on the pursuit of learning and the attainment of higher education. Through this award, they hope to assist in providing that opportunity to others.
The funds for this endowment were matched by Osgoode Hall Law School through the No Barriers initiative and will support JD students in financial need who face visible and invisible obstacles like income; mental health; racial, cultural and gender inequalities; or physical and learning challenges.
Ronald J. Rolls ’58 Q.C. Bursary
Ronald J. Rolls BA, LLB, QC, LSM, practised civil litigation at Fasken Martineu for over 40 years. He co-authored a number of books on civil procedure including “The Law of Civil Procedure and The Conduct of an Action.” This bursary was established by his family to honor his many contributions to the legal profession. It will be given annually to a student in the JD program at Osgoode Hall Law School who is in financial need and in their final year of study.
John M. Rosen ’68 Award
The purpose of the John M. Rosen ‘68 Award is to inspire future generations of advocates; it will be given annually to a JD student in financial need who has demonstrated a genuine interest in legal advocacy.
John M. Rosen is one of Canada’s most accomplished criminal trial and appellate lawyers, with a career that has spanned almost five decades. John’s interest in legal advocacy first took root at Osgoode Hall Law School, and it quickly grew into a life-long passion. Following his graduation in 1968, John pursued a career as a barrister, with an exclusive focus on criminal law. The real-life issues presented in criminal cases, which are best resolved in the courtroom, provided John with the opportunity to hone his skills as an advocate. Over the past 50 years, John has defended hundreds of accused persons, including more than 200 people charged with murder. At the centre of his career has always been his love of advocacy, a
crucial skill for all lawyers.
John has received numerous awards for his leadership in Canadian legal advocacy, including the Law Society Medal and the Osgoode Hall Alumni Gold Key for Achievement. He is a Fellow of the American College of Trial Lawyers. John’s family created this award to commemorate the 50th anniversary of his graduation from Osgoode Hall Law School.
Liane Beth Rosenbaum Bursary
A fund has been established by the family, friends and colleagues of Liane Beth Rosenbaum, a graduate of Osgoode Hall Law School ’83, in memory of her distinguished contributions to real estate law. Ms. Rosenbaum practiced with McMillan Binch in Toronto and later served as Director and Assistant City Solicitor with the Real Estate and Commercial Division of the City of Toronto Legal Department. The annual income from this fund will be awarded as a bursary to a student in financial need who has demonstrated proficiency in the study of real estate law and related areas.
Justice Marc Rosenberg ’74 Bursary
The Justice Marc Rosenberg ’74 Bursary will be given annually to up to two students in the JD program who have financial need and have demonstrated a commitment to social justice. Marc Rosenberg was a gifted student who went on to become one of Canada’s finest criminal appellate lawyers. He was appointed Ontario’s Assistant Deputy Attorney General for Civil Law in 1994 and shortly thereafter appointed directly to the Ontario Court of Appeal. He was a humble man, unfailingly kind and generous to all he encountered. This bursary was established by his friends and family as a tribute to career, humanity and his passion for justice.
Don Ross ’79 Memorial Bursary
Don Ross loved being a lawyer. A partner at Gowlings, he approached legal problems from a practical perspective, partially an outgrowth of his years before law school, when he undertook various adventures, from living in the Canary Islands to driving a cement mixer to pay tuition. His passion for law and litigation was equal to his integrity, commitment and professionalism. Don’s life mantra was ‘strive to be the best that you can be.’ This award is given in his memory to a JD student who has demonstrated an interest in litigation and has financial need.
Gaia Power’s Peter Ruby ’94 ’00 (LLM) Dispute Resolution Award at Osgoode
Gaia Power Inc. founder Samit Sharma has endowed this award in honour and appreciation of its litigation and arbitration counsel Peter Ruby, which recognizes this outstanding Osgoode alum for his advocacy and professionalism in dispute resolution. It is to be given annually to a student in the JD program who demonstrates financial need and a passion in mooting and/or advocacy.
Victor M. Saccucci Bursary
Victor M. Saccucci graduat
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https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/ethan-hawke-paul-dano-head-true-west-broadway-1095872/
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Ethan Hawke and Paul Dano Head ‘True West’ on Broadway
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2018-03-20T10:00:00+00:00
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The actors will face off as estranged brothers in a new production of the Sam Shepard play directed by James Macdonald and beginning performances in December.
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The Hollywood Reporter
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https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/ethan-hawke-paul-dano-head-true-west-broadway-1095872/
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Sam Shepard‘s classic drama of sibling rivalry, True West, will return to Broadway next season, starring Ethan Hawke and Paul Dano as the conflicted brothers who come together at the California home of their mother after a five-year estrangement.
James Macdonald will direct the revival for Roundabout Theatre Company, starting previews Dec. 27 at the American Airlines Theatre, with opening night set for Jan. 24.
First produced in 1980, the Pulitzer Prize-shortlisted play unfolds against a mythic American landscape suspended between the desert frontier and the seductive dream factory of Hollywood. Dano will play screenwriter Austin, with Hawke as his lowlife brother Lee; they square off over bitter differences while revealing more in common than either of them cares to admit.
True West previously was produced on Broadway in 2000, with Philip Seymour Hoffman and John C. Reilly alternating in the lead roles, earning Tony nominations for both actors. The play’s definitive production, however, was a 1982 Steppenwolf Theatre Company staging that starred then-emerging actors John Malkovich and Gary Sinise.
Other actors who have appeared in the play over the years include Peter Coyote, Tommy Lee Jones, Peter Boyle, James Belushi, Dennis Quaid, Randy Quaid, Bruce Willis, Bob Hoskins, Antony Sher and Mark Rylance.
Hawke’s artistic relationship with Shepard began when he appeared in a Steppenwolf production of the playwright’s Buried Child. In 2010, he directed an off-Broadway revival of Shepard’s A Lie of the Mind, garnering rave reviews. Hawke also directed Dano off-Broadway in Jonathan Mark Sherman’s Things We Want.
At Sundance earlier this year, both actors premiered new work as directors to strong reviews: Dano with his debut feature Wildlife, starring Carey Mulligan and Jake Gyllenhaal; and Hawke with his fourth stint behind the camera, Blaze, a bio-drama of country musician Blaze Foley starring Ben Dickey.
A Tony nominee in 2007 for Tom Stoppard’s three-part epic, The Coast of Utopia, Hawke last appeared on Broadway in the title role in a 2013 production of Macbeth. Dano made his Broadway debut at age 11 in a Roundabout revival of A Month in the Country that starred Helen Mirren; his last Broadway appearance was in the 2010 premiere of John Guare’s A Free Man of Color.
Macdonald was represented earlier this season with a Broadway transfer of his Royal Court production of Lucy Kirkwood’s The Children.
True West will play a limited engagement, with additional cast and creative team to be announced. The production joins a previously announced revival of the classic Cole Porter musical Kiss Me, Kate on Roundabout’s 2018-19 season lineup, set to star Tony winner Kelli O’Hara.
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https://www.broadwayworld.com/people/Antony-Sher/
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Antony Sher: Credits, Bio, News & More
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Searching to find out more about Antony Sher? We have a full Biography, Photos, Theatre Credits, TV and Movies, Videos and more! Check out Antony Sher's bio now including film and tv, as well as on stage.
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Antony Sher News
Review: MACBETH, Donmar Warehouse
It would be interesting to see the show free from all the fancy listening gear so we can bask in the thrill of seeing Tennant and Jumbo grapple with their actions without a middleman. After all, isn’t part of the beauty of theatre that the audience isn’t separated from the story by a screen of any kind? The run is sold out (as it should be!) and they’re probably already in talks for a transfer (as they should!), but one wonders if this is actually what the future of drama is: a Shakespearean ASMR experience that will be dubbed as immersive. Fair is foul, and foul is fair.
BBC to Run Extensive Shakespeare Season to Celebrate 400th Anniversary of First Folio
The BBC is celebrating this extraordinary anniversary with an ambitious season of content across TV, Radio, BBC iPlayer & BBC Sounds exploring why, 400 years on, Shakespeare's relevance and influence is as strong as ever. A wealth of programming featuring major actors and leading experts, including new documentaries, performance, music, drama, comedy, news coverage and the best of the BBC archive, as well as special items on flagship BBC shows, will celebrate the man, his world and his timeless writing.
Book Review: EXPLORING SHAKESPEARE. A DIRECTOR'S NOTES FROM THE REHEARSAL ROOM by Bill Alexander
The process of bringing the works of the Bard to a modern stage is full of challenges, as director Bill Alexander explains in his new book, Exploring Shakespeare. A Director's Notes from the Rehearsal Room. In an absorbing glimpse into the rehearsal room, we are introduced to the choices which face both cast and crew when developing a production, from time and pace to backstory and design.
BBC Announces New Shakespeare Series to Celebrate 400th Anniversary of First Folio
The BBC is marking the 400-year anniversary of the publication of William Shakespeare's First Folio with a gripping new three-part boxset for BBC Two and iPlayer. To accompany the series, BBC Four will be showing a star-studded selection of performances of his plays and there will also be a collection of resources for primary and secondary schools on BBC Teach.
Book Review: MY SHAKESPEARE - A DIRECTOR'S JOURNEY THROUGH THE FIRST FOLIO by Greg Doran
Doran’s latest book gives a revelatory and revolutionary breakdown of the canon in a way that works for both the professional and uninitiated.
Theatre Director Nancy Meckler Releases New Book 'Notes From the Rehearsal Room'
Theatre director Nancy Meckler’s book Notes from the Rehearsal Room is intended for anyone interested, professionally or as a theatregoer, in what is involved in turning words on a page into a theatrical event.
Casting Announced for NICE JEWISH BOY at The Hope Theatre
Springbok Production House has announced Josh Maughan as our Nice Jewish Boy in the debut professional run of Nice Jewish Boy at The Hope Theatre.
Shortlist Announced For the STR Theatre Book Prize 2022
Judged by director Jatinder Verma, National Theatre archivist Erin Lee and theatre critic Paul Vale on a panel chaired by STR Committee Member Howard Loxton, the shortlist includes six titles ranging from the history of Sheffield's Crucible Theatre to the candid account of the early career of actress Eileen Atkins.
Outgoing RSC Artistic Director Gregory Doran Says Only Disabled Actors Should Play Richard III
Gregory Doran, who recently announced that he was stepping down as Artistic Director of The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC), stated that the role of Richard III should only be played by disabled actors.
Gregory Doran To Step Down as RSC Artistic Director
The Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) announced that Gregory Doran will step down as Artistic Director from today after 35 years with the Company including the last ten years as Artistic Director.
Olivier-Winning Hit HYSTERIA To Open At The Ensemble Company
The Ensemble Company, the theatre company in residence at Penguin Point Productions located in the Oviedo Mall, continues its 2022 season—its fourth--with Terry Johnson's Olivier Award-winning modern classic, Hysteria, opening March 4th.
Digital Theatre Adds PRIMO to its Streaming Platform
Digital Theatre – the original and largest digital platform for the arts, specialising in world-class theatre productions, is delighted to announce that, the 2004 National Theatre/Heritage Theatre performance of Primo is now available to all its subscribers.
VIDEO: The Shows Must Go On Streams MACBETH Starring Antony Sher
This 2003 performance of Macbeth is the acclaimed RSC production of Shakespeare's classic tragedy about tyranny and ambition, starring Antony Sher and Harriet Walter as the Scottish king and his ambitious wife, directed by Gregory Doran.
West End Theatres Will Dim Lights In Memory Of Sir Antony Sher
West End theatres will dim their lights for two minutes at 7pm tomorrow (Wednesday 8 December), in memory of renowned actor Sir Antony Sher, whose death was announced on Friday.
Shakespearean Actor Antony Sher Passes Away at 72
Today the RSC announced the death of Sir Antony Sher, Honorary Associate Artist and husband of Artistic Director, Gregory Doran. Antony was diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year with Gregory taking compassionate leave from his role in September to care for Antony.
Hampstead Theatre Announces Full Cast and Creative Team For Alan Plater's PEGGY FOR YOU
Tamsin Greig will be joined in the cast by Josh Finan (The Responder, BBC One; Shook, Papatango Theatre Co - Southwark Playhouse/UK tour), Trevor Fox (My Brilliant Friend, National Theatre; The Jungle, New York/San Francisco/Playhouse Theatre/Young Vic), Danusia Samal (Maryland, Royal Court; The Great, Hula) and Jos Vantyler (King Lear, Old Vic; Love's Labour's Lost, Shakespeare's Globe).
Sir Antony Sher Diagnosed with Terminal Illness; Gregory Doran Announces Leave from RSC
It has been reported that acclaimed stage actor Sir Antony Sher has been diagnosed with a terminal illness.
Stockard Channing and Rebecca Night Will Star in 'NIGHT, MOTHER at Hampstead Theatre
Stockard Channing and Rebecca Night will perform in the Pulitzer Prize-winning 'night, Mother by Marsha Norman. This astonishing play, which had its UK premiere at Hampstead Theatre in 1985, will be directed by the theatre's Artistic Director, Roxana Silbert. 'night, Mother will run from 22 October until 4 December 2021.
Student Blog: Farewell Fugard
Unfortunately, The Fugard has been claimed as another casualty of COVID. This loss has impacted our theatre community immensely but now we can only look back on all the fond memories we have shared in that beautiful and historic building.
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2004-09-03T08:24:34+00:00
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antony_Sher
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South African-born British actor (1949–2021)
Sir Antony Sher (14 June 1949 – 2 December 2021) was a British actor, writer and theatre director of South African origin. A two-time Laurence Olivier Award winner and a four-time nominee, he joined the Royal Shakespeare Company in 1982 and toured in many roles, as well as appearing on film and television. In 2001, he starred in his cousin Ronald Harwood's play Mahler's Conversion, and said that the story of a composer sacrificing his faith for his career echoed his own identity struggles.
During his 2017 "Commonwealth Tour", Prince Charles referred to Sher as his favourite actor.[1] Sher and his partner and collaborator Gregory Doran became one of the first same-sex couples to enter into a civil partnership in the UK.
Early life and education
[edit]
Sher was born on 14 June 1949 in Cape Town, South Africa, the son of Margery (Abramowitz) and Emmanuel Sher, who worked in business.[2][3] He was a first cousin once removed of the playwright Sir Ronald Harwood.[4][5]
He grew up in the suburb of Sea Point, where he attended Sea Point High School.[6]
Sher moved to the United Kingdom in 1968[2] and auditioned at the Central School of Speech and Drama and the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art (RADA), but was unsuccessful. He instead studied at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art from 1969 to 1971 and subsequently on the one-year postgraduate course run jointly by Manchester University Drama Department and the Manchester School of Theatre.[citation needed]
Sher became a British citizen in 1979.[2]
Career
[edit]
In the 1970s, Sher was part of a group of young actors and writers working at the Liverpool Everyman Theatre.[7] Comprising figures such as writers Alan Bleasdale and Willy Russell and fellow actors Trevor Eve, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Pryce, and Julie Walters, Sher summed up the work of the company with the phrase "anarchy ruled". He also performed with the theatre group Gay Sweatshop, before joining the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) in 1982.
While a member of the RSC, Sher was cast in the title role in Molière's Tartuffe, and played the Fool in King Lear. His major break came in 1984, when he performed the title role in Richard III and won the Laurence Olivier Award. Also for the RSC, Sher performed the lead in such productions as Tamburlaine, Cyrano de Bergerac, Stanley, and Macbeth, and in 2014 played Falstaff in Henry IV Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 in Stratford-upon-Avon and on national tour. He played the eponymous 'King Lear' from 2016 to 2018. He also played Johnnie in Athol Fugard's Hello and Goodbye, Iago in Othello, Malvolio in Twelfth Night, and Shylock in The Merchant of Venice. Sher received his second Laurence Olivier Award in 1997 for his performance as Stanley Spencer in Stanley.
In 2001, Sher played the role of the composer Gustav Mahler in Ronald Harwood's play Mahler's Conversion, about Mahler's decision to renounce his Jewish faith prior to his appointment as conductor and artistic director of the Vienna State Opera House in 1897. Speaking about the role to The Guardian's Rupert Smith, Sher revealed:
When I came to England in 1968, at 19, I looked around me and I didn't see any Jewish leading men in the classical theatre, so I thought it best to conceal my Jewishness. Also, I quickly became conscious of apartheid when I arrived here, and I didn't want to be known as a white South African. I was brought up in a very apolitical family. We were happy to enjoy the benefits of apartheid without questioning the system behind it. Reading about apartheid when I came to England was a terrible shock. So I lost the accent almost immediately, and if anyone asked me where I was from I would lie. If they asked where I went to school, I'd say Hampstead, which got me into all sorts of trouble because of course everyone else went to school in Hampstead and they wanted to know which one. Then there was my sexuality. The theatre was full of gay people, but none of them were out, and there was that ugly story about Gielgud being arrested for cottaging, so I thought I'd better hide that as well. Each of these things went into the closet until my entire identity was in the closet. That's why this play appealed to me so much: it's about an artist changing his identity in order to get what he wants.[4]
In 2015, he played Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman.
He also had several film credits to his name, including Yanks (1979), Superman II (1980), Shadey (1985), and Erik the Viking (1989). Sher starred as the Chief Weasel in the 1996 film adaptation of The Wind in the Willows and as Benjamin Disraeli in the 1997 film Mrs Brown.
Sher's television appearances include the mini-series The History Man (1981) and The Jury (2002). In 2003, he played the central character in an adaptation of the J. G. Ballard short story "The Enormous Space", filmed as Home and broadcast on BBC Four. In Hornblower (1999), he played the role of French royalist Colonel de Moncoutant, Marquis de Muzillac, in the episode "The Frogs and the Lobsters". Sher's more recent credits included a cameo in the British comedy film Three and Out (2008) and the role of Akiba in the television play God on Trial (2008).
Sher was cast in the role of Thráin II, father of Thorin Oakenshield in Peter Jackson's The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug, but appears only in the Extended Edition of the film.
In 2018, he played the title role in King Lear and was the only person to play both the Fool and King Lear at the Royal Shakespeare Company. He returned to Stratford-upon-Avon in 2019 to perform in Kunene and the King with John Kani.[8]
Other work
[edit]
Sher's books included the memoirs Year of the King (1985), Woza Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus in South Africa (with Gregory Doran, 1997), Beside Myself (an autobiography, 2002), Primo Time (2005), and Year of the Fat Knight (2015), a book of paintings and drawings, Characters (1990), and the novels Middlepost (1989), Cheap Lives (1995), The Indoor Boy (1996). and The Feast (1999). His 2018 book Year of the Mad King won the 2019 Theatre Book Prize, awarded by the Society for Theatre Research.[9]
Sher also wrote several plays, including I.D. (2003) and Primo (2004). The latter was adapted as a film in 2005. In 2008, The Giant, the first of his plays in which Sher did not feature, was performed at the Hampstead Theatre. The main characters are Michelangelo (at the time of his creation of David), Leonardo da Vinci, and Vito, their mutual apprentice.
In 2005, Sher directed Breakfast With Mugabe at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon. The production moved to the Soho Theatre in April 2006 and the Duchess Theatre one month later. In 2007, he made a crime documentary for Channel 4, titled Murder Most Foul, about his native South Africa.[10] It examines the double murder of actor Brett Goldin and fashion designer Richard Bloom. In 2011, Sher appeared in the BBC TV series The Shadow Line in the role of Glickman.[11]
Personal life
[edit]
In 2005, Sher and the director Gregory Doran, with whom he frequently collaborated professionally, entered into a civil partnership in the UK. They married on 30 December 2015, a little over ten years after their civil partnership.[12]
On 10 September 2021 it was announced that Sher was terminally ill, and Doran took compassionate leave from the RSC to care for him.[13] Sher died from cancer at his home in Stratford-upon-Avon on 2 December 2021, aged 72.[14][15][16][17]
Stage performances
[edit]
Theatre
[edit]
1972–74: Multiple roles at the Everyman Theatre, Liverpool.
1974: Ringo Starr in Willy Russell's John, Paul, George, Ringo ... and Bert at the Everyman Theatre, where it opened in May 1974. Transferred to the Lyric Theatre in August.
1975: Teeth 'n' Smiles by David Hare at the Royal Court Theatre where it opened in September 1975, subsequently transferring to Wyndham's Theatre in May 1976.
1979: American Days by Stephen Poliakoff at the ICA, London.
1982: Mike Leigh's Goosepimples in the West End.
1982: The Fool in King Lear at the Royal Shakespeare Theatre. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1983.
1984: Richard III with the Royal Shakespeare Company. Transferred to the Barbican Centre in 1985.
1985: Torch Song Trilogy at the Albery Theatre, West End.
1985: Red Noses at the Barbican Theatre, London.
1987: Shylock in The Merchant of Venice with the RSC.
1987: Henry Irving in Happy Birthday, Sir Larry at the Royal National Theatre, London (Laurence Olivier 80th birthday tribute).
1988: Vendice in The Revenger's Tragedy with the RSC.
1990: Peter Flannery's Singer with the RSC, Barbican Theatre.
1991: Kafka's The Trial and Brecht's The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui at the National Theatre.
1993: Henry Carr in Travesties at the Barbican Centre with the RSC, later at the Savoy Theatre, West End. Tambourlaine with the RSC, Swan Theatre, Stratford.
1994–95: Titus Andronicus at the Market Theatre, Johannesburg. Transferred to the National Theatre and for a UK tour.
1997: Stanley at the National Theatre (repeated on Broadway at the Circle in the Square Theatre)
1997: Cyrano de Bergerac at the Lyric Theatre, West End.
1998–99: The Winter's Tale at the Barbican Centre with the RSC
1999: Macbeth at the Swan Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon, with the RSC
2000–01: Macbeth and The Winter's Tale with the RSC
2002: RSC's Jacobean season transfers to the West End.
2003: I.D. at the Almeida Theatre, London
2004: Primo at the Cottesloe Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London (repeated on Broadway at the Music Box Theatre, July–August 2005)
2007: Kean in Kean at the Yvonne Arnaud Theatre, Guildford. Transferred to the Apollo Theatre, West End in May.
2008: Prospero in The Tempest at the Baxter Theatre, Cape Town; Courtyard Theatre, Stratford-upon-Avon; and on tour in Richmond, Leeds, Bath, Nottingham and Sheffield
2010: Tomas Stockmann in An Enemy of the People at the Sheffield Crucible
2011: Phillip Gellburg in Arthur Miller's Broken Glass at the Vaudeville Theatre
2012: Jacob Bindel in Travelling Light at the Royal National Theatre, Sigmund Freud in Hysteria by Terry Johnson at Theatre Royal Bath, later revived at Hampstead Theatre in 2013.
2013: Wilhelm Voigt in The Captain of Köpenick at the Olivier Theatre, Royal National Theatre, London.
2014: Falstaff in Henry IV, Part 1 and Henry IV Part 2 with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
2015: Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Miller with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
2016: The title role in King Lear with the Royal Shakespeare Company (reprised in 2018).
2018: Nicolas in One for the Road from Pinter One at the Harold Pinter Theatre with The Jamie Lloyd Company.
2019-20: Jack Morris in Kunene and the King with the Royal Shakespeare Company.
Filmography
[edit]
Film
[edit]
Year Title Role 1976 The Madness Militia man/Young man in café 1978 ITV Playhouse Morris 1979 Collision Course Tasic Play for Today Nathan One Fine Day Mr Alpert Yanks G.I. at cinema 1980 Superman II Bell Boy 1985 Shadey Oliver Shadey 1989 Erik the Viking Loki 1990 ScreenPlay David Samuels 1993 Screen Two Genghis Cohn 1994 Shakespeare: The Animated Tales Richard III 1995 The Young Poisoner's Handbook Ernest Zeigler Look at the State We're In! The Don 1996 The Wind in the Willows Chief Weasel Indian Summer Jack The Moonstone Sergeant Cuff 1997 Mrs Brown Benjamin Disraeli 1998 Shakespeare in Love Dr Moth 1999 The Winter's Tale Leontes, King of Sicilia The Miracle Maker Ben Azra (voice) 2001 Macbeth Macbeth 2004 Churchill: The Hollywood Years Adolf Hitler 2005 A Higher Agency Chef Great Performances Primo Levi Primo Primo Levi 2008 Three and Out Maurice Masterpiece Contemporary 2010 The Wolfman Dr Hoenneger 2013 The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug Thráin II (Extended Edition only) 2014 War Book David
Television
[edit]
Year Title Role Notes 1981 The History Man Howard Kirk Episodes: "Part 1: October 2nd 1972"
"Part 2: October 3rd 1972 (a.m.)"
"Part 3: October 3rd 1972 (p.m.)"
"Part 4: Gross Moral Turpitude" 1982 The Further Adventures of Lucky Jim Maurice Victor 1 episode 1992 The Comic Strip Presents... : "The Crying Game (Season 6, Episode 2)" Scum editor 1995 One Foot in the Grave: "Rearranging the Dust" Mr Prothrow Acted without dialogue 1999 Hornblower: "The Frogs and the Lobsters" Colonel Moncoutant 2002 The Jury Gerald Lewis QC 2003 Home Gerald Ballantyne 2004 Murphy's Law Frank Jeremy 1 episode 2007 The Company Ezra ben Ezra, the Rabbi 2008 God on Trial Akiba 2011 The Shadow Line Peter Glickman Episodes: "Episode #1.5"
"Episode #1.6" 2013 Agatha Christie's Marple: A Caribbean Mystery Jason Rafiel
Awards and nominations
[edit]
BAFTA TV Awards
[edit]
0 win, 1 nomination
British Academy Television Awards Year Nominated work Category Result 2008 Primo British Academy Television Awards 2008 Best Actor Nominated
Laurence Olivier Awards
[edit]
2 wins, 4 nominations
Laurence Olivier Award Year Nominated work Category Result 1983 King Lear Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Nominated 1985 Richard III and Torch Song Trilogy Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor Won 1997 Stanley Won 2000 The Winter's Tale Nominated
Drama Desk Awards
[edit]
1 win and 1 nomination
Drama Desk Award Year Nominated work Category Result 2006 Primo Outstanding One-Person Show "Primo" Won
Evening Standard Theatre Awards
[edit]
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard Theatre Awards Year Nominated work Category Result 1985 Richard III Best Actor Won
Evening Standard British Film Awards
[edit]
1 win and 1 nomination
Evening Standard British Film Awards Year Nominated work Category Result 1997 Mrs Brown Peter Sellers Award for Comedy Won
Screen Actors Guild Awards
[edit]
1 win and 1 nomination
Screen Actors Guild Award Year Nominated work Category Result 1997 Shakespeare in Love Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Won
Theatre Awards UK (TMA)
[edit]
1 win and 1 nomination
Theatre Awards UK Year Nominated work Category Result 1997 Titus Andronicus Best Actor in a Play [18] Won
Tony Awards
[edit]
0 win and 1 nomination
Tony Awards Year Nominated work Category Result 1997 Stanley Best Actor in a Play Nominated
Honours
[edit]
1998: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Liverpool
2000: Knight Commander of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (KBE) for services to theatre
2007: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Warwick
2010: Honorary Doctor of Letters (Hon. Litt.D.) from the University of Cape Town
References
[edit]
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https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2000/apr/27/rsc.artsfeatures
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en
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The Bard's biggest fan
|
[
"https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6035250&cv=2.0&cj=1&cs_ucfr=0&comscorekw=Royal+Shakespeare+Company%2CBooks%2CCulture%2CArt+and+design%2CStage+books%2CWilliam+Shakespeare",
"https://i.guim.co.uk/img/uploads/2017/10/09/Michael-Billington,-L.png?width=75&dpr=1&s=none"
] |
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""
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[
"Michael Billington",
"www.theguardian.com"
] |
2000-04-27T00:00:00
|
<p>Gregory Doran has lately become a jet-setting director. By the time the less-than-flattering reviews of his Stratford As You Like It appeared last month, he was already in Tokyo to supervise the transfer of his triumphant Royal Shakespeare Company Macbeth. "As the Stratford reviews were faxed through," he says, "I felt like committing hara-kiri. I'd also done five shows in 15 months and felt knackered. Then a fax arrived from the Stratford company simply saying, of the critics, 'Fuck 'em.' " </p>
|
en
|
the Guardian
|
https://www.theguardian.com/stage/2000/apr/27/rsc.artsfeatures
|
Gregory Doran has lately become a jet-setting director. By the time the less-than-flattering reviews of his Stratford As You Like It appeared last month, he was already in Tokyo to supervise the transfer of his triumphant Royal Shakespeare Company Macbeth. "As the Stratford reviews were faxed through," he says, "I felt like committing hara-kiri. I'd also done five shows in 15 months and felt knackered. Then a fax arrived from the Stratford company simply saying, of the critics, 'Fuck 'em.' "
For Doran As You Like It was a hiccup in a run of success with the RSC. He first worked with the company as an actor in 1987, when he met his partner, Antony Sher - there's an oft-told story of how, playing Solanio, he one night described Sher's Shylock as "the most impenetrable cur that ever slept with [instead of kept with] men." Now Doran, who is in his early 40s, has emerged from Sher's shadow to become a highly prized RSC associate director, often tipped as Adrian Noble's eventual successor - an idea he politely squashes.
Although Doran and Sher have thriving separate careers, they have worked together four times - on a South African Titus Andronicus plus Cyrano de Bergerac, The Winter's Tale and Macbeth for the RSC. Is there ever a danger of he and Sher pre-empting the rehearsal process by sorting out problems at home.
"I don't think so. For a start we're complete opposites. Tony's a pessimist and I'm an optimist. He has a dark, brooding African spirit whereas I have a soft, greyly monotonous English quality. I'm maybe calmer in temperament than he is. But also we're quite rigorous about how we work together. When we did Titus in South Africa we took the work home with us and I began to feel I needed my own space. Now we ration our discussions so that with Macbeth [now on at the Old Vic] I probably talked in advance as much to Harriet Walter as I did to Tony. Having been a spear-carrier at Stratford, I also feel Shakespeare's plays only work when you get a total investment from the whole company."
Some ideas, however, have to start with the director. And one of Doran's most brilliant in Macbeth is to begin the play in pitch darkness. "That evolved," he says, "from directing Peter Shaffer's Black Comedy. I insisted on an absolute blackout for the opening scene which meant turning off all the exit lights. On the Guildford first night I was standing at the back and a man rushed past me in panic saying, 'I've got to get out.' Another night I heard a strange gurgling sound and discovered it was a deaf person suffering from total sensory deprivation. It alerted me to how quickly you could remove people from the simple things they require to keep a sense of equilibrium.
"It's also absolutely right for Macbeth, which taps into all our primal instincts, though initially I made the mistake of having the witches' voices on amplifiers that flew out over the audience. It was too tricksy."
But why does Macbeth so often fail? In my lifetime, I've seen only a handful of successful productions: Trevor Nunn's Other Place version in 1976, Ninagawa's Japanese elegy in 1986 and now Doran's intimate RSC production. "I suspect," he says, "people normally start back to front with it. They start with the theatricality of the witches or the supernatural. The first three or four scenes also go by in a rush of generalised war. In fact, what's happening is absolutely specific. There's an attempted coup d'etat. Maybe Macbeth fights as hard as he does not to re-establish Duncan but to ensure that Cawdor does not become king. But if Cawdor can rebel, why can't he? We felt that the Macbeths seize their opportunity and that the witches are simply observers. I said to Tony one day: imagine someone stops you in the street and predicts you'll win an Oscar. Your agent then phones up to say you've been nominated. Do you rely on a chance prediction or do you get out to Hollywood and do all the promotion? In terms of Macbeth, it's the coincidence of the witches' prophecy rather than the malign purpose of it that strikes one."
If Doran hit the mark dead centre with Macbeth, he is widely perceived to have missed it with As You Like It. But he still believes strongly in the central idea: of Arden as a forest of the mind that becomes an extension of the tapestry Rosalind is working on and that is filled with her own vivacity and imagination. He also laughs off the notion that the rough reviews have lengthened the odds against his ever taking over the RSC.
"Is it my ambition to run the RSC? I don't think so. The job isn't up for grabs so it's not an issue. My sole desire is to direct the plays I want to do. I want to direct an Othello in The Swan with Tony as Iago. And I'd like to do a new version of the Morte d'Arthur for Stratford since I feel it deals with the matter of England."
This summer, however, he's taking a break from the RSC to direct the York Mystery plays in York Minster. Since he was born in Yorkshire, educated at Preston Catholic College and had an uncle who was a Benedectine abbot, he seems the right man for the job. But his own catholicism lapsed when it came into conflict with his sexuality, and anyway he sees the Mysteries as expressions of civic pride rather than openly didactic works. He even relishes the prospect of working with 200 amateur actors. "I was auditioning the other day and a man came up to me and said 'I'm not good at coming in on time and I can't learn lines but I could shout "Crucify him! Crucify him!" if push came to shove.' So he's in. But what I hope to combine is the highly competitive nature of the original Guild shows with Christian iconography. I'm no longer actively religious but, as Sartre said, 'We have a God-shaped hole in our consciousness which we've never learned to fill.' I undoubtedly have one in mine. Most of the time it's filled by Shakespeare who I passionately believe was a Catholic."
Given his lifelong Bardolatry, high intelligence and persuasive temperament, Doran is clearly a strong future contender for the Stratford throne. Whether the gentle but far-from-grey Greg also has the naked, Macbeth-like ambition to take over the toughest job in British theatre is something time alone will reveal.
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https://www.economist.com/obituary/2021/12/18/antony-sher-pushed-the-boundaries-of-shakespeares-plays
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Antony Sher pushed the boundaries of Shakespeare’s plays
|
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[] |
[
""
] | null |
[
"The Economist"
] |
2021-12-18T00:00:00
|
The South African-born actor died on December 2nd, aged 72 | Obituary
|
en
|
/favicon.ico
|
The Economist
|
https://www.economist.com/obituary/2021/12/18/antony-sher-pushed-the-boundaries-of-shakespeares-plays
|
HIS FATHER had already started the car and was reversing down the drive. “Hang on a moment,” the young man said, and hopped out. All morning he’d been putting on a brave face about flying to London and starting drama school, but now he ran back to the house that glowed with Cape Town’s blue, blue light, and knelt next to his little dog, Tickey. He stroked her tight, confused face, let her lick his hand. Tickey was runtish, dark, ugly, scared—him in animal form, he always said. She’d been found as a stray and he liked to tell her his fears: about being small and needy and bad at sports, about being drawn to boys, about not fitting in—in school, in his own country, in the world.
|
||||
5894
|
dbpedia
|
2
| 83 |
https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/antony-sher-117868/
|
en
|
Antony Sher
|
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[
"Official London Theatre"
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2011-10-05T16:35:00+00:00
|
What does it take to persuade an actor to play the same part three times in the space of one year? Matthew Amer found out by talking to Sir Antony Sher.
|
en
|
Official London Theatre
|
https://officiallondontheatre.com/news/antony-sher-117868/
|
What does it take to persuade an actor to play the same part three times in the space of one year? Matthew Amer found out by talking to Sir Antony Sher.
It is, it turns out, very simple indeed. “Philip Gellburg is a very complex character, endlessly fascinating,” Sher explains. “So I didn’t need any persuading. There are some parts that you find as an actor, that you feel so fascinated by the character, you can endlessly mine it for more and more riches. It just keeps yielding.”
Gellburg is the male half of a troubled marriage in Arthur Miller’s late play Broken Glass, in which Sher is currently starring opposite The Body Farm’s Tara Fitzgerald at the Vaudeville theatre. A Jewish couple living in New York, reading about Kristallnacht traumatises Philip’s wife Sylvia (Fitzgerald) to the point that they seek medical help. As Sylvia’s problems are explored, deep-rooted issues with the couple’s relationship begin to surface.
Though Broken Glass doesn’t leap to the mind when thinking of American playwright Miller, not like Death Of A Salesman or The Crucible anyway, “It’s really a very fine play,” Sher tells me. “It’s not one of Arthur Miller’s most well known plays, but I think it will become seen as such.”
For a performer of Sher’s quality to return to it not once, but twice, there must be something about it. The native South African, who moved to England in 1958, is one of the country’s most respected stage performers and could probably walk into any cast in the country as easily as I could walk into McDonalds. His CV includes work with Mike Leigh, seasons at the National Theatre and Royal Shakespeare Company, West End runs and two Olivier Awards for Best Actor, winning in 1985 for Richard III and 1997 for Stanley.
Certainly part of the lure of this reoccurring role is due to Gellburg suffering from an affliction to which Sher can relate. More than that, an affliction with which Sher is personally acquainted. “Philip Gellburg,” Sher explains, “has a huge identity crisis.”
As a younger man, newly arrived on strange shores, Sher was riddled with insecurity about his own identity. When I previously spoke to him in 2003, as he was promoting his first play as a playwright, tellingly titled ID, he told me that: “As a gay, Jewish, white South African I belong to quite a lot of minority groups. If you are part of those minority groups you constantly have to question who you are, what you are, whether you have the courage to be who you are, because they’re not always popular things. I certainly went through a long struggle in the early years in this country just to be who I am.”
It was therapy that helped Sher to work through his issues and accept every part of who he is. “Philip Gellburg,” he continues, “unfortunately, would never dream of going to a therapist, so is stuck in a terrible mess within himself because you can’t not be who you are. That’s a lesson I’ve learned and that Philip hasn’t learned. It’s a tremendous waste of time and energy to dislike who you are. It really is a completely pointless exercise.”
Part of his technique for dealing with these thorny issues of self was to use art as therapy. It was a return to a part of his life that could, at one point, have been his career. Instead he chose to pursue performing, but in recent years the paintbrush has grown in importance.
“It’s a tremendous waste of time and energy to dislike who you are”
The actor has recently had his work exhibited at the National Theatre, at the Crucible, Sheffield and at the Herbert Gallery in Coventry and, though writing seemed to be dominating his spare time at the turn of the century, it is now painting that helps him relax.
Though he doesn’t regret not pursuing visual art as a career, there is a reticence associated with not studying it when he had the opportunity. It wouldn’t have taught him about art, he argues, but it would have taught him about technique. In that respect, it is, he thinks, similar to drama school. “It doesn’t really teach you to act; you can either act or you can’t, that’s a very inner thing. I think that’s also true of art. You can either paint and draw or you can’t, but learning technique is terrifically useful.”
He doesn’t seem to have suffered for a lack of formal training, nor has it dampened his ambition. The centrepiece for those exhibitions, titled The Audience, featured around 150 characters: “An audience of some of the people who’ve been very influential in my life”. Among the faces on display, along with friends and family, were Nelson Mandela and Hitler. “I took a year out of acting a couple of years ago to do it.”
More usually, Sher paints a self-portrait every time he finishes in a production. Possibly self-portrait is the wrong term. It is, in fact, a picture of Sher playing that character. “That fascinates me,” Sher tells me, “how the actor and the character relates and how I look through the character as it were.”
That really shouldn’t be at all surprising. It’s all about identity. Sher. The character. Where they meet. Where they differ. I wonder if Sher’s anxieties come through in the faces of his painted character. I wonder if he will end up painting three portraits of Philip Gellburg; one of his first performance opposite Lucy Cohu and Nigel Lindsay at the Tricycle theatre in 2010, one of his performance in the South African production directed by his friend Janice Honeyman in his home city of Cape Town, and one of his performance alongside Fitzgerald and Stanley Townsend at the Vaudeville theatre. Each production, he assures me, has led to him giving a different performance, the other actors drawing varied reactions from his ever-present role as Philip. I’d love to see all three side by side as a snapshot of his growth in the character.
What’s most surprising, to me, is that Sher no longer holds on to these paintings. He used to, but after the exhibitions he discovered how “liberating” it was to sell them. What would a psychiatrist say about painting a version of yourself after every production then removing it entirely from your life, I wonder?
We chat as Sher is in the process of transferring Broken Glass from its pre-West End run at Kilburn’s Tricycle theatre to the Vaudeville theatre, at a point where he is being very secretive about a new project that might or might not happen. News has since broken that he will return to the National Theatre in 2012 and 2013 to star in Nicholas Wright’s new play Travelling Light and a revival of the satire The Captain Of Köpenick. The first finds him exploring the life of an immigrant, the second a convict pretending to be someone else.
Maybe it’s too easy to spot the connections between actor and character, particularly when you are pondering the ideas of identity. Maybe not. But two new portraits reflecting both Sher and his work will undoubtedly make interesting viewing.
|
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dbpedia
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3
| 20 |
https://playbill.com/article/antony-sher-olivier-winning-shakespearean-actor-dies-at-72
|
en
|
Antony Sher, Olivier-Winning Shakespearean Actor, Dies at 72
|
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2021-12-03T14:38:50-05:00
|
The stage and screen star made his Broadway debut with a Tony-nominated and Theatre World Award-winning performance in Stanley.
|
en
|
Playbill
|
https://playbill.com/article/antony-sher-olivier-winning-shakespearean-actor-dies-at-72
|
Sir Antony Sher, one of the great Shakespearean actors of his time, passed away December 3 at the age of 72 from cancer, The Guardian reports. Mr. Sher was married to Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, who directed the actor in many productions and also announced in September he would take compassionate leave to care for the ailing performer.
Born June 14, 1949, in South Africa, Mr. Sher studied his craft at London's Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art and would go on to win two Olivier Awards. His first was in 1985 for his work on two separate productions: the title role in Shakespeare's Richard III and drag performer Arnold Beckoff in the London debut of Harvey Fierstein's Torch Song Trilogy. In his acceptance speech at the time, the actor quipped, “I’m very happy to be the first actor to win an award for playing both a king and a queen.” He would win a second Olivier in 1997 for his portrayal of English painter Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems' Stanley, the play that would bring him to Broadway for the first time.
His five-decade career included an eclectic list of roles that spanned the entire range of the human experience. Among them: Ringo Starr in John, Paul, George, Ringo and Bert, Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman, Falstaff in the Henry IV plays, Leontes in The Winter’s Tale, Iago in Othello, Prospero in The Tempest, and the title roles in King Lear, Kean, Macbeth, Tamburlaine the Great, Arturo Ui, Joseph K, and Cyrano de Bergerac.
Mr. Sher made his Broadway debut in 1997 in the aforementioned Stanley, earning a Tony nomination for his performance and a Theatre World Award.
The actor also penned several novels and memoirs. His first play, I.D., which debuted at the Almeida Theatre in 2003, concerned South African Prime Minister Hendrik Verwoerd, who was stabbed to death in Parliament by messenger Demetrios Tsafendas. Sher, who grew up in Cape Town, played the assassin to Marius Weyers' Verwoerd.
He also enjoyed a hit with the solo show Primo, which he also wrote, at the National's Cottesloe Theatre in 2004. The production subsequently played Cape Town before returning to London at the Hampstead Theatre and opening on Broadway in July 2005. The play, which cast the actor as Italian chemist and Holocaust survivor Primo Levi, was filmed and later broadcast on PBS in 2008. Mr. Sher won the 2006 Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Solo Performance.
On screen, he received a BAFTA nomination for his performance in Primo and won the Evening Standard British Film Award for his work in Mrs. Brown. He and the company of Shakespeare in Love were also awarded the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance (Mr. Sher played Dr. Moth in the film). Other screen credits include Marple, God on Trial, Murphy's Law, Home, The Jury, Macbeth, The Miracle Worker, The Winter's Tale, The Moonstone, Alive and Kicking, Look at the State We're In, Genghis Cohn, The History Man, One Fine Day, Superman II, and The Madness.
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5894
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dbpedia
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0
| 22 |
https://www.illuminationsmedia.co.uk/screening-the-rsc-1/
|
en
|
Screening the RSC, 1.
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2019-06-01T15:15:46+00:00
|
News about publication on 27 June of John Wyver's Screening the Royalk Shakespeare Company: A Critical History, and a note about the contents of Chapter 1
|
en
|
Illuminations
|
https://www.illuminationsmedia.co.uk/screening-the-rsc-1/
|
1st June 2019
John Wyver writes: I am thrilled that my book Screening the Royal Shakespeare Company: A Critical History will be published by Bloomsbury in The Arden Shakespeare series on 27 June. It aspires to be an academic study of the adaptation history of the RSC from 1910 to today, but I hope that readers with a more general interest in the company and in the processes of translating stage to screens will also find it worth their time. Such are the exigencies of academic publishing, this is a volume that perhaps you might consider requesting from a library, rather than buy as an eye-wateringly expensive hardback or e-book. There is likely to be a more reasonably priced paperback next year – and the more libraries purchase the hardback, the quicker this process may work its way through the system.
My plan over the next month is to write 5 or 6 posts that outline the contents of the chapters – and that highlight bits and pieces that may prove to be intriguing. Let’s start today with the Introduction.
I begin with a roll-call of RSC Richard IIIs whose performers were preserved in some form of screen version: Frank Benson in a silent adaptation released in 1911:
From later, there is Baliol Holloway glimpsed in a 1939 travelogue funded by London, Midland and Scottish railway; Ian Holm in the triumphant BBC recording of The Wars of the Roses, recorded in 1964 (and which Illuminations has released on DVD); Antony Sher, whose spider-like king exists in short extracts filmed for a BBC review programme, and in one of the single-camera archival recordings that the company began to make in the early 1980s; Jonathan Slinger in Michael Boyd’s magnificent Histories cycle of the 2000s , who was also captured by the merciless fixed camera; and Jonjo O’Neill whose antics live on in various paratextual moving images filmed in 2012, including this:
My hope is that looking at these Richards can give a sense of the riches of the RSC screen traces over more than a century. ‘No theatre company in the world,” I assert, ‘has a more extensive and more varied moving-image history.’ And this history, although it has been marginalised in most of the writing about the RSC, has much to tell us not only about the company ‘but also about approaches to Shakespeare, about the theatre, about translations from the stage to screens of many kinds, and about the culture and society that brought them forth.
The company’s adaptation history embraces feature films, television productions, documentaries, all kinds of performances extracts, archival recordings, paratexts and, most recently of course, the RSC Live from Stratford-upon-Avon cinema broadcasts that I produce for the company – and the next of which is the wholly enjoyable and richly interesting The Taming of the Shrew, to be shown this coming Wednesday, 5 June:
And of course this is not just a story about Shakespeare on stage and screen. Adaptations have been made from RSC productions of Molière, Ibsen, Strindberg, Rostand, Bulgakov, Giraudoux, Pinter, Duras and Weiss. There is a grand parade of great actors who appeared in these adaptations: John Gielgud, Peggy Ashcroft, Vanessa Redgrave, Glenda Jackson, Ian McKellen and Patrick Stewart, as well as more recent stars like David Tennant and Pappa Essiedu. Key directors who transferred their stagings to the screen include Peter Hall, Peter Brook, Trevor Nunn and Gregory Doran.
The mediation processes that brought many of the major works are considered in the book in detail, exploring questions of technology as well as the economic, creative and cultural contexts in which they were created. I also argue that ‘the collectivity of the screen versions can be regarded as a multistranded adaptation of the lives, both public and private, of the RSC as a company.’ My hope too is that considering the adaptation history ‘can offer insights into broader social and cultural questions.
At each stage this study asks why certain RSC productions were adapted, and others not; what riole the company and its creatives had on each occasion in determining what was screened, and how the translation occurred; how the company is presented by a particular adaptation… and what meanings or value the RSC is contributing to its partners who, as likely as not, provided production funding and undertook distribution.
One other key imperative behind the book is simply to map the RSC’s screen archive, and to raise awareness of it so that it can become more available and more useful to practitioners today and tomorrow.
Despite at present being comparatively little-recognized and rarely activated, the moving-image archive of the RSC offers a rich resource for creators to learn from, and for them to reuse and rework, and perhaps especially so as adaptation forms become increasingly complex and hybrid. The archive must not simply be a passive object of study but also needs to be an active contributor to original ways of bringing together stages and screens of all kinds.
To which ends, the book unfolds in the following way:
Chapter 1: Beginners, 1910-59: engagements with the varied early engagements with the screen of the Stratford company before it became the RSC in 1961, including Frank Benson’s silent Shakespeare, documentaries in the 1930s, radio recordings from the 1950s, a first live television broadcast in 1955 with part of The Merry Wives of Windsor, and a recording of Peter Hall’s 1959 A Midsummer Night’s Dream, shot for American television but never broadcast.
Chapter 2: Television Times, 1961-68: consideration of the RSC’s profoundly collaborations with BBC Television, including on a glorious The Cherry Orchard (1962), a vivid As You Like It (1963) and The Wars of the Roses (1965).
Chapter 3: Making Movies, 1964-73: the largely untold story of the RSC’s deeply problematic flirtation through the 1960s with the Hollywood producer Filmways, plus a consideration of three major adaptations directed by Peter Brook: Marat/Sade (1968), Tell Me Lies (1969) and the majestic King Lear (1971).
Chapter 4: Intimate Spaces, 1972-82: exploration of the decade of Trevor Nunn’s television productions, including his great Macbeth (1979) with Judi Dench and Ian McKellen, plus the work that culminated in the wonderful adaptation for Channel 4 of The Life and Adventures of Nicholas Nickleby (1982), from which this is an extract:
Chapter 5: Toil and Troubles, 1982-2012: a chronicle of the years of strikingly few mainstream adaptations, whether for television or the cinema, but when archival recordings and more began.
Chapter 6: Now-ness, 2000-18: an engagement with Gregory Doran’s trilogy of BBC films – Macbeth (2001, pictured in the header image with Antony Sher and Harriet Walter), Hamlet (2008) and Julius Caesar (2012) – together with the RSC Live from Stratford-upon-Avon broadcasts, plus a few thoughts about the future.
Each of which I’ll outline in more detail in forthcoming posts…
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https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/antony-sher-obituary/
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en
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'Exit my king': Theatre pays tribute after Sir Antony Sher dies aged 72
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[
"Will Taylor"
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2021-12-03T16:56:11+00:00
|
Esteemed theatre star Sir Antony Sher has died of cancer, with fellow actors describing him as "deeply loved and hugely admired".
|
en
|
/assets_v4r/lbc/img/favicon-16x16.png
|
LBC
|
https://www.lbc.co.uk/news/antony-sher-obituary/
|
Esteemed theatre star Sir Antony Sher has died of cancer, with fellow actors describing him as "deeply loved and hugely admired".
Famed for his starring role in Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) plays including 2016's King Lear and Falstaff in the Henry IV plays, it was revealed he had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier in 2021.
His husband, Gregory Doran, who works as the RSC's artistic director, had previously said he was taking a period of compassionate leave to care for him.
In a statement, the RSC's executive director Catherine Mallyon and artistic director Erica Whyman said: "We are deeply saddened by this news, and our thoughts and sincere condolences are with Greg, and with Antony's family and their friends at this devastating time.
"Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.
"Antony's last production with the company was in the two-hander Kunene And The King, written by his friend and fellow South African actor, writer and activist, John Kani."
Read more: Prince William and Prince Harry unite to meet winners of Diana legacy award
Macbeth, Tamburlaine the Great and Richard III – which defined his career – were among the titular roles he performed.
Other landmark performances Sir Antony took on include Leontes in The Winter's Tale, Iago in Othello and Prospero in The Tempest.
The RSC statement added: The statement added: "Antony was deeply loved and hugely admired by so many colleagues.
"He was a ground-breaking role model for many young actors, and it is impossible to comprehend that he is no longer with us.
"We will ensure friends far and wide have the chance to share tributes and memories in the days to come."
Prince Charles said he was "deeply saddened" to hear of Sir Antony's passing.
"As the President of the Royal Shakespeare Company, I had the great joy and privilege of knowing him for many years, and admired him enormously for the consummate skill and passion he brought to every role," he said.
"My most treasured memory of him was as Falstaff in a brilliant production of Greg Doran's. I feel particularly blessed to have known him, but we have all lost a giant of the stage at the height of his genius."
Mr Kani said: "Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country, South Africa, was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future - Apartheid South Africa.
"By the grace of his God and my ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet we found each other in 1973.
"We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists, and we both had the honour of celebrating together 25 years of South Africa's democracy in my latest play, Kunene And The King.
"I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King. Your Brother."
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Obituary: Sir Antony Sher, a giant of the stage
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2021-12-03T13:17:28+00:00
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The South African actor went from feeling like an impostor to becoming a giant of the British stage.
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https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-58601697
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Antony Sher, who has died aged 72, once believed that acting was about "becoming someone else".
As a young man, not being himself was appealing. In his own mind, he had much to hide.
He was born a white South African, Jewish and gay. Introduced to the Queen as one of Britain's finest classical actors, he struggled to shake off an inner voice telling him he was an impostor.
But, as he slowly came to realise, the insecurities helped him on stage.
Shakespeare's great characters were outsiders too. Richard III was physically warped; King Lear and Iago were consumed by rage and jealousy; Shylock was part of a spurned community.
With every part he played, Sher confronted a little more of himself, learning to draw on painful memories to master Falstaff, Leontes and Macbeth.
It was a difficult journey, which saw him treated for depression and cocaine addiction. But, by the end, he had changed his mind on a fundamental point.
"Acting is not about hiding," he admitted. "It is about revealing."
Trespasser
Antony Sher began life in Sea Point, a middle-class suburb of Cape Town, on 14 June 1949. He was born with a membrane around his head, which the doctor insisted was a sign of greatness.
Growing up in South Africa, young Tony felt out of place. He was weedy, artistic and withdrawn - with little in common with his sports-obsessed white classmates. "I always felt like a trespasser," he recalled.
Later, there was also a sense of shame. His grandparents were Lithuanian-Jewish immigrants who had fled persecution in Europe, but the family never questioned the system of apartheid under which they now lived.
Sher confessed that he - like everyone he knew - had internalised the message that blacks were inferior. None of them had heard of Nelson Mandela, although Robben Island was visible from Sea Point's beaches.
He did experience anti-Semitism in the South African army. Forced to do national service, he was savaged for his Jewish heritage - and took care to keep his sexuality to himself.
Short, bespectacled and with flat feet, the army despaired at what to do with Rifleman 65833329. Finally, it put him in charge of an empty hut in the Namibian desert - and ignored him.
Rejection
In 1968, Sher left South Africa and travelled to England. His mother - convinced by the doctor that her third son was 'special' - recorded home movies of him arriving for drama school auditions. Success, she believed, was divinely ordained.
The rejection letters cut deep. "Not only have you failed this audition," wrote Rada, "we strongly urge you to seek a different career."
Fortunately, London was crawling with drama schools. Eventually, he enrolled at the Webber-Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
Having seen little theatre in Cape Town, Sher could now watch the greats: John Gielgud, Ralph Richardson and Laurence Olivier.
He admired how actors could transform themselves with wigs and prosthetics. It was an attractive skill for a man who was hiding himself.
Sher was shocked to discover South Africa was a pariah state, and ashamed that his family had not taken a stand. He adopted an English accent and said he'd been born in Hampstead.
He tried to deny his sexuality - first becoming engaged to a fellow student and later briefly marrying a "splendidly named, splendidly spirited woman" called Jo Jelly.
"I went into so many closets," he later admitted.
Not sexy enough
On leaving drama school, the principal made a prediction. Sher, he said, would not succeed as an actor until he was 30. It proved accurate.
At Liverpool's Everyman theatre, he did his acting apprenticeship alongside up-and-coming talents like Jonathan Pryce, Pete Postlethwaite and Julie Walters. But he was rarely the star of the show.
Then, a week after his 30th birthday, a part fell into his lap which made Antony Sher a household name.
The BBC offered him the role of Howard Kirk - a manipulative, womanising sociology lecturer - in a TV adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury's The History Man.
His confidence was initially destroyed on discovering that playwright Christopher Hampton - who adapted Bradbury's novel for the series - had opposed his casting. Sher was not, Hampton argued, sexy enough.
But the BBC stuck to its guns. Sher, having gone to a gym in an effort to be 'sexy', delivered a masterly performance as the ruthless, moustachioed bully.
There followed a Bafta nomination, questions in Parliament about the sex scenes and - most importantly - a telephone call from the Royal Shakespeare Company.
Kings and Queens
He had auditioned for the RSC before but had failed to impress. When asked to do a Scottish accent for Macbeth, Sher had attempted an impression of football manager Bill Shankly - and everything had fallen apart.
This time was different. In his first season, he played the Fool opposite Michael Gambon's King Lear - and was then cast as Richard III.
A spectre hung over the role, in the shape of Laurence Olivier. The great man's portrayal of the hunched, murderous King was etched in every actor's memory.
To play it differently, Sher used crutches. Richard was presented as a frightening, many-limbed beast or - in Shakespeare's words - a "bottled spider".
Riding a wave of stellar reviews, his next project could not have been more different. He became Arnold, a Jewish New York drag queen, in Harvey Fierstein's Torch Song Trilogy.
Sher usually researched his roles exhaustively, but chose to play Arnold straight from the heart.
"My only regret," he later confided, "is that I wasn't out at the time, so I was in the ridiculous situation of not being able to say why this play was so important to me."
At the 1985 Olivier Awards, Sher picked up prizes for both Richard III and Torch Song. "I'm very happy to be the first actor to win an award for playing both a king and a queen," he announced.
Not every part was a triumph. Sher's portrayal of Malvolio in Twelfth Night flopped when he tried - too hard - to inject humour. "It was death by slow crucifixion," he lamented.
His performance as Shylock, by contrast, was universally praised. It was also where he met Greg Doran, a fellow member of the cast.
Doran went on to become artistic director of the RSC, Antony Sher's life partner and - when the law permitted - husband.
Under Doran's direction, he was encouraged to look deeper into himself. To play King Leontes, the jealous lover of The Winter's Tale, Sher was encouraged to stop transforming into somebody else and to draw on his own memories.
He looked back and remembered his old rivalry with Simon Callow. There had been a time when Callow seemed to be getting all the parts he coveted.
At times, Sher couldn't bear to be in the same room. "I felt," he recalled, "like Salieri to his Mozart." The two actors eventually set things right after a four-hour lunch at the Caprice.
Working with Doran was hard at first. Crockery was thrown after a production of Titus Andronicus - until they agreed a pact never to discuss work at home.
But there were advantages. Sher trusted Doran absolutely, which gave him the confidence to reveal ever more of himself in the parts they created together.
"There was something about the material that was so sacred, so much bigger than my own ego - that there was no space for my petty feelings," he recalled.
In 2008, Sir Antony took Doran and their production of The Tempest to South Africa, which bore little resemblance to the land he had left 40 years previously.
Together, they explored Cape Town's thriving, desegregated gay nightspots, and spotted a newspaper headline that showed how far both man and country had come. "Jewish boy from Sea Point," it read, "plays Prospero at last".
In September 2021, the Royal Shakespeare Company announced that Sher had been diagnosed with a terminal illness. Doran stepped down as artistic director to care for his husband in his final months.
Together, they had just finished a run of memorable productions - including Henry IV part 1, King Lear and Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman.
A fleeting appearance in Shakespeare in Love aside, Sir Antony never had the kind of Hollywood career that others from the RSC enjoyed. The History Man - despite its rave reviews - proved a rare foray into television.
But it never seemed to bother a man who will be remembered as one of the world's great stage performers. As far as Antony Sher was concerned, Shakespeare wrote better scripts.
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https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10697441/Simon-Callow-alive-memories-lost.html
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Simon Callow on how to keep alive the memories of those we have lost
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[] |
[] |
[
"dailymail",
"news",
"Vladimir Putin",
"Simon Callow"
] | null |
[
"Simon Callow",
"www.facebook.com"
] |
2022-04-09T22:32:13+01:00
|
SIMON CALLOW: When someone in your life dies, not only do you lose them, you lose yourself. The part of you that only they knew retreats, hidden from sight, but it never goes away completely.
|
/favicon.ico?v=2
|
Mail Online
|
https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-10697441/Simon-Callow-alive-memories-lost.html
|
Death is always with us, of course.
The pandemic has made everything much, much, worse, as have the horrors of Putin's terror, but when you get to my age – 72, since you ask – it can feel, even in ordinary times, as though a secret sniper is following close behind, picking off one's dearest and closest, rat-a-tat.
And, of course, I am under no delusion that I am exempt: that sniper is only biding his time till he lines up his sights on me.
As the toll mounts, I find myself more and more urgently digging into my recollections of the departed, as if allowing them to disappear from mind would diminish my life, all of our lives. Which, of course, it would, and does.
Just think of the past couple of years! So many, many of my cherished friends lost.
The sniper has never let up: that Titan of classical theatre, Sir Antony Sher; Stephen Sondheim, the genius of musical theatre of the second half of the 20th Century; the fearless and feisty pioneering transgender April Ashley; the gloriously rebarbative writer Joan Schenkar.
All dear to me, each departure a bitter blow. How do I stop my memories from fading? From falsifying the true image of people I knew so intimately?
From childhood, I have always had a sense that life was transitory. For those of us born halfway through the 20th Century, the dead were as present as the living, casualties of the Boer War, the First World War, Spanish flu, the Second World War.
Our family had lost fathers, brothers, cousins, best friends from all of these calamities and, especially at Christmas time, we would summon them up, not piously – uproariously, in fact – all toasted, commemorated in anecdote, pored over in dog-eared photos extracted from suitcases lugged out of the attic.
I came to know these people – young, middle-aged and old – snapped, sometimes reluctantly, sometimes brazenly, by cheap box Brownie cameras. I studied the black-and-white images over and over again, till I began to believe I had actually met them.
I learned all their histories – their love affairs, their tragedies, their triumphs – from my mother's mother, Vera, universally known as Mater.
I fell completely under her spell as she painted a picture of a world that had disappeared – her comfortable childhood with servants, her mother-in-law the bareback horse rider and her father-in-law, first a clown, then a ringmaster.
She talked, this elderly Scheherazade, about cousin Peggy who ran away with the manager of the local cinema and then had a stroke, and about the sister-in-law who inhaled a small spider when she was smelling a rose and it grew to massive size in her skull. I never tired of hearing, just as she never tired of reciting, her epic tale of family history.
She and I were soul mates from the beginning. She had once been a singer, a contralto profundo; she would croon to me in her still magnificent voice, bathing me in its richness and warmth, or would suddenly, in a nimble display of old-fashioned waltzing, propel her considerable bulk around the room in double time.
Even then, as a teenager, I felt a strong urge not to let all this fade or dwindle. These people and their stories, it seemed to me, were precious, their lives had meant something.
We could only really feel our full humanity if they were part of the picture, and the only way they would endure would be by a careful and diligent act of recollection.
So, from the age of 13, I started making notes. I kept every letter ever sent to me and, later, emails and even texts. I hoarded photographs in suitcases of my own.
At some point in the 1970s, I took to writing down the names of people I knew who had died.
For years it remained in single numbers but the list grew, swelling obscenely during the AIDS years. The idea was never to create a catalogue of loss and waste, it was the opposite: to bring them back to life.
One day I mean to write a book evoking and preserving them, all the disappeared, a collection of verbal sketches, portrait miniatures like those of the great Elizabethan masters Nicholas Hilliard and Isaac Oliver.
It would be an attempt to do what speakers at funeral services try to do: bring the deceased into the room again so we can properly take leave, not of an idea of the person in question, but of the real man or woman, while memory is fresh.
I even have a title for it: Friends Hid, a phrase in Shakespeare's 30th sonnet which has haunted me from the moment I first read it. As he put it, those 'precious friends hid in death's dateless night'.
When someone in your life dies, not only do you lose them, you lose yourself. The part of you that only they knew retreats, hidden from sight, but it never goes away completely.
When I heard that my friend Joan Schenkar had died in Paris last year, I thought, with a shock: we'll never meet again. Our friendship passed before my eyes, as if I were drowning.
At our very first meeting, she had laid all her cards on the table. She was, she made it clear, Jewish, lesbian and very, very clever.
She had been vigorously heterosexual, she informed me, but at a certain point men had lost their appeal for her and – her phrase – she had switched horses without drawing breath.
She was the biographer of Patricia Highsmith, the writer of The Talented Mr Ripley, and every bit as fierce and uncompromising as her subject, utterly unsentimental about every aspect of life, viewing everything and everyone with an appalled, analytical fascination.
There was no danger of my ever forgetting her. She was designed to be memorable: short of stature, slight of form, dressed to the nines in a shrewdly chosen array of contrasting fabrics, her hair a helmet of brunette curls. She radiated intensely focused energy, poised for guerrilla action.
Her eyes, greyish-greenish, looked straight into the back of one's skull, making a quick and thorough inspection of its contents.
I thought immediately 'One would not want this woman for an enemy', but luckily, the brain survey successfully completed, she radiated approval.
From then on we were not just friends, though we were certainly that, but collaborators – co-conspirators, as she saw it, against a lying, cheating, shabby, pernicious, talentless world.
I alone, she implied, was exempted from her strictures. It was us and them – them being the entire world, and us being, well, just her and me.
Today I turn to her emails to remind me of the wonderful luck I had to have known her. May she rest in – not peace, that wouldn't suit her at all – but in joyous and eternal turmoil.
Another feisty broad who didn't see it through to 2022 was April Ashley, who died in December last year, one of the first people to undergo gender reassignment surgery.
In addition to being a heroically brave pioneer and an inspiration to subsequent generations, Ashley was a grande dame of a kind that scarcely exists any longer outside the Royal Family, and rarely even there.
Beautiful, elegant and majestic in her bearing, she was sparklingly witty, infinitely gracious and not to be trifled with. Behind the exquisite manner there lurked, as she would proudly admit, a fighting Scouser.
She had fought many battles in her life, first to be able to undertake the surgery that she knew would liberate her into being the woman she knew herself to be, then against the prejudice that greeted her new self, legal struggles with her husband and difficulties with her various establishments – clubs and restaurants.
The last couple of decades were taken up largely with battles with her own body. But through all of it she never lost her wit and her magnificent sense of self-celebration.
She was very conscious of the epic that her life had been, but always funny about it. She did, however, require that other people give her due respect, which was normally assessed in perks.
We were due to appear together on a chat show, but at the last minute she refused to appear unless she had a limousine to take her there and back, and as long as there was a bottle of champagne, on ice and in a bucket, waiting for her on arrival.
They had no budget for either Daimler or Bolly, and so she simply didn't do the show.
Not being shown respect was worse than a solecism: it was an insult, a challenge, a betrayal. Her response didn't do her any good, but it was understandable, coming from someone who had fought all the way for everything she ever achieved in life – for her very identity.
Her emails were remarkable for being written in capital letters, as if they were telegrams: DARLING SIMON YOU CAN RING ANY TIME YOU LIKE ITS ALWAYS SUCH A JOY TO HEAR THOSE RICH TONES MUCH LOVE.
I forwarded this to a friend who said: 'I love the way she always writes in capital letters.'
'She's lived her life in capital letters,' I said.
How different, how very different the wry, dry, occasionally lethal conversation of Stephen Sondheim, a dauntingly brilliant figure, author of some of the most ingenious, innovative and indelible work in the history of music theatre.
We were introduced by English playwright Peter Shaffer in 1979.
I was a Johnny-come-lately young actor who'd had the astonishing good luck to land the title role in the world premiere of Amadeus, and we started a conversation that went on for years, in the flesh and by letter, fax and email, until he suddenly died in November, witty and sharp and provocative to the last.
I had sent Sondheim a book, which I warned him was wrapped in black plastic, all I could find at the time.
'The black parcel hasn't arrived yet, although apparently (I'm in Connecticut) a hearse has been waiting across the street from my house for a couple of weeks now. Thank you in advance. Stephen Sondheim (age 90) Be sure to notify me when you're about to return. We'll keep the food warm.'
Then, in December, my friend and exact contemporary, the great actor Antony Sher, died aged 72 – shockingly young – a man for whom there seemed to be no summit too high to scale.
His RSC performance as the hunchbacked Richard III won him an Olivier Award in 1985 and established him, at 36, as one of the greatest of classical actors.
I, and the rest of my profession, were numbed by the sudden stilling of that superhuman energy, that powerhouse of creative imagination, and a month later we assembled, masked, chastened, for his funeral in Stratford-upon-Avon.
The theatrical director Adrian Noble stood in the pulpit and cut right through the sombre atmosphere by speaking joyously, exuberantly, about Tony's unique talent, celebrating the powerhouse of invention and imagination that he was, evoking technicolor images of his performances.
And then Tony's husband, Greg Doran, artistic director of the Royal Shakespeare Company, spoke tenderly and humorously of their life together, of how Tony had faced his death sentence with courage and humour.
He would, he said, write a book about it.
He even had, he said, the opening couple of lines: 'When the pandemic started, I was playing an elderly Shakespearean actor dying of cancer. Now I am an elderly Shakespearean actor dying of cancer. Who says actors don't take their work home?'
Adrian and Greg brought Tony back for us, there and then.
We walked out of that church reflective, yes, but imbued, unforgettably, with the life, the energy, the wit that ceaselessly coursed through Tony. O death, where is thy sting? O grave, where is thy victory? Tony lives.
We must, somehow, remember. We must celebrate, capture, fix these lives for all time, and hope that someone, some day, will do the same for us.
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https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/celebrated-stage-and-screen-actor-sir-antony-sher-dies-at-72/41115234.html
|
en
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Celebrated stage and screen actor Sir Antony Sher dies at 72
|
https://focus.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/thumbor/RmMV-wfDrfF-G1kbZLLp2vXil08=/0x7:1313x731/629x0/prod-mh-ireland/c9eea6d8-968d-11ed-88db-0210609a3fe2
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[
"Naomi Clarke, PA Entertainment"
] |
2021-12-03T14:51:32+01:00
|
Theatre star Sir Antony Sher has died of cancer at the age of 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) has announced.
|
en
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BelfastTelegraph.co.uk
|
https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/celebrated-stage-and-screen-actor-sir-antony-sher-dies-at-72/41115234.html
|
A statement from the organisation said he had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year.
His husband, Gregory Doran, the RSC’s artistic director, announced in September that he was taking a period of compassionate leave to care for Sir Antony.
The South African-born actor tied the knot with Doran on December 21 2005, the first day same sex couples could legally form a civil partnership in the UK.
RSC executive director Catherine Mallyon and acting artistic director Erica Whyman said in a statement: “We are deeply saddened by this news, and our thoughts and sincere condolences are with Greg, and with Antony’s family and their friends at this devastating time.
“Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.
“Antony’s last production with the company was in the two-hander Kunene And The King, written by his friend and fellow South African actor, writer and activist, John Kani.”
The statement added: “Antony was deeply loved and hugely admired by so many colleagues.
“He was a ground-breaking role model for many young actors, and it is impossible to comprehend that he is no longer with us.
“We will ensure friends far and wide have the chance to share tributes and memories in the days to come.”
Sir Antony starred in a number of RSC productions, including a role in 2016 in King Lear, as well as playing Falstaff in the Henry IV plays and Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s Death Of A Salesman.
He was the Prince of Wales’ favourite actor – a fact the royal revealed during his 2017 Commonwealth Tour.
Earlier landmark performances included Leontes in The Winter’s Tale, Iago in Othello, Prospero in The Tempest and the title roles in Macbeth and Tamburlaine The Great, as well as his career-defining Richard III.
He moved to Britain to study drama in the late 1960s and joined the RSC in 1982. His breakthrough role came two years later in Richard III, a part which earned him the best actor accolade at the Olivier Theatre Awards.
His theatrical skills were not limited to the West End, and his adaptation of If This Is A Man, by Primo Levi, into a one-man show titled Primo, ran on Broadway.
Off stage he had roles in films including Shakespeare In Love and Mrs Brown, and played Adolf Hitler in 2004’s Churchill: The Hollywood Years.
His final production with the RSC was Kani’s Kunene And The King, which saw him star opposite Kani as Jack, an actor acclaimed for his roles in Shakespeare who is diagnosed with liver cancer.
Kani said in a tribute: “Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country, South Africa, was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future – Apartheid South Africa.
“By the grace of his God and my ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet we found each other in 1973.
“We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists, and we both had the honour of celebrating together 25 years of South Africa’s democracy in my latest play, Kunene And The King.
“I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King. Your Brother.”
The National Theatre posted a statement on Twitter from director Rufus Norris, saying: “With the tragic passing of Antony Sher, one of the great titans has left us.
“His contribution and example to our theatre world was exemplary, and his standing within the ranks of National Theatre actors could not be higher.”
Brian Blessed, who performed alongside Sir Antony in Richard III in Stratford-upon-Avon, paid tribute on the BBC’s PM programme.
He said: “He revolutionised Richard III entirely. Amazing imagination, amazing vocal power. He hobbled around the set like a great bottled spider. He would terrify the audience in the first few rows.”
Blessed said to be on stage with Sir Antony was “mind-blowing” and added: “It was from another century. It was from another galaxy.”
The RSC said Doran will remain on compassionate leave and is expected to return to work in 2022.
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https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/05/theater/antony-sher-dead.html
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en
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Antony Sher, Actor Acclaimed for His Versatility, Dies at 72
|
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[
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[
"Roslyn Sulcas"
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2021-12-05T00:00:00
|
In his long career, most of it with the Royal Shakespeare Company, he played everyone from King Lear to Primo Levi to Ringo Starr.
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en
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https://www.nytimes.com/2021/12/05/theater/antony-sher-dead.html
|
Antony Sher, an actor known for his masterly interpretations of Shakespeare’s great characters and for his versatility, died on Thursday at his home in Stratford-upon-Avon, England. He was 72.
The cause was cancer, said the Royal Shakespeare Company, with which Mr. Sher had been closely associated for more than four decades. Gregory Doran, the company’s artistic director and Mr. Sher’s husband, had announced in September that he would take compassionate leave to care for Mr. Sher.
Mr. Sher was 32 when he first attracted notice as an actor, playing the leading role of a libidinous, manipulative lecturer in a 1981 BBC adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury’s novel “The History Man.” He joined the Royal Shakespeare Company the next year.
In The Times of London, Sheridan Morley described his portrayal as “the only one in our lifetime to have challenged the 40-year memory of Olivier in that role.” Other critics agreed that it was a career-making performance. “In this unabashed attempt at incarnating evil, Mr. Sher is monstrously convincing,” Mel Gussow wrote in The New York Times.
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https://theartsdesk.com/theatre/antony-sher-year-mad-king-extract
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en
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Antony Sher: Year of the Mad King - extract
|
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2018-03-13T11:00:00+00:00
|
The actor's Lear Diaries tell of his preparation to clamber up theatre's tallest peak for the RSC
|
https://theartsdesk.com/sites/default/files/favicon.ico
|
https://theartsdesk.com/theatre/antony-sher-year-mad-king-extract
|
Sher kept a record of his performance in Year of the King. Other Shakespearean memoirs have followed, including Year of the Fat Knight about playing Falstaff and, with Gregory Doran, Woza Shakespeare!, about staging Titus Andronicus in South Africa.
In 2016 Sher returned to Lear, this time in the title role, for the RSC production, directed by Doran: theartsdesk described Sher's performance as a "remarkable journey". Next month the production travels to New York, and in May returns home to Stratford. In the meantime, Sher has kept another diary. This is an extract, with Sher's illustrations, from Year of the Mad King: The Lear Diaries
Monday 1 June 2015
It’s June but could be November. Cold, wet, windy. I’ve lived in England for 47 years now, so why does the weather still continue to surprise and appal me?
Never mind – I’m holed up in my warm study, with a little stack of Lear scripts on my desk.
I want to try reading it afresh, despite the fact that I know it well. It has cropped up rather frequently during my life in this country…
1968. On the first weekend after we checked into the Pastoria Hotel, my mother joined me on a special pilgrimage to a place which held mythic status for me. Stratford-upon-Avon. I was finally going to see the Royal Shakespeare Company in the flesh, and in action. We would have happily watched anything that was in their current repertoire, but the play at that Saturday matinee performance happened to be King Lear. Directed by the RSC’s new Artistic Director, the 28-year-old Trevor Nunn, and starring Eric Porter. In the first scene, Lear was carried in on a litter, and all the courtiers abased themselves, as if to a god. I was immediately on the edge of my seat, and I don’t think I sat back for the next few hours. I had never seen theatre like this. I remember the design was very dark, with a strong use of chiaroscuro: figures lit in the surrounding blackness, Rembrandt-like. I remember Norman Rodway as Edmund – his effortless amorality. I remember Alan Howard as Edgar, and the shock of his near-nakedness in the storm scenes (exposing what I was later to hear Terry Hands describe as "the strongest thighs on any Shakespearean actor"). Most of all, I remember Michael Williams as the Fool, his face frozen in the mask of Comedy, his heart visibly breaking. I’m afraid I don’t remember much about Porter himself. Years later when I worked with him (Uncle Vanya, National Theatre, 1992) he said that it was an unhappy and unsuccessful production. What? – but it was a revelation to me. Later, Tim Pigott-Smith (who talked to Porter about it when they worked on The Jewel in the Crown) told me that Porter simply resented having a young upstart as his director. (Illustrated below right: Eric Porter and Michael Williams)
1972. My first proper job as an actor was at the Liverpool Everyman, and my first show there was King Lear, directed by the company’s great Artistic Director, Alan Dossor – though by Everyman standards it was a very conventional production. An Australian actor, Brian Young, was too young for Lear, Jonathan Pryce was electric as Edgar, and I was the Fool. Inspired entirely by Michael Williams’ performance, I tried to make the character both funny and tragic. He became a scruffy little figure in a huge overcoat, with a slight underbite which gave an unintentionally goonish sound to anything he said. He was being laughed at, as much as with. This suited the cruelty of the play.
1982. When I began my career with the RSC, it was again playing the Fool in King Lear. Adrian Noble directed a brilliant, anarchic production, and Michael Gambon was the best Lear I’ve ever seen. The Fool didn’t just have an underbite now, he was disabled, hobbling about on inward-twisted feet. But he also had a red nose, a white-painted face, a battered bowler hat, and carried a miniature violin which he couldn’t play. He and Lear did little routines together – a ventriloquist act, a front-cloth act – and later, still together, they were plunged into the chaos of the storm. It ended with Lear accidentally stabbing the Fool to death in the mock-trial scene. (Hence explaining the Fool’s mysterious disappearance from the play.)
Today, sitting in my study, I put aside the A4 text from the RSC Literary Department. That only has the dialogue, but to fully understand the play, I’ll need help from the editor’s notes in one of the published editions. I look at my script from the 1982 production. We didn’t get issued with A4 typed-up scripts then, and mine was the old Arden edition, with a beautiful portrait of Lear in his crown of flowers on the cover (done by the artist Graham Arnold, a member of the Brotherhood of Ruralists). I open it. No good. It’s full of my sketches – of Adrian, Gambon, the rest of the cast, and my efforts to work out what the Fool might look like – and there are scribbled notes, and my lines are underlined in red. All this would be distracting. (Illustrated below left: sketch for the Fool, 1982)
I pick up another edition, the RSC’s own, edited by Jonathan Bate and Eric Rasmussen. I start to read the Introduction. It quotes Charles Lamb:
"The Lear of Shakespeare cannot be acted. The contemptible machinery by which they mimic the storm… is not more inadequate to represent the horrors of the real elements, than any actor can be to represent Lear."
I lower the book, sighing.
Well, nobody said this was going to be easy. After all, Lear is known as the Everest of Acting.
I’m always surprised that people think that the creation of a character happens in rehearsals, and that rehearsals happen a few weeks before the show opens. Not so. Impossible, in fact, with Shakespeare’s major roles. The RSC may regard the beginning of King Lear rehearsals as 20 June next year, but for me the beginning of rehearsals was today.
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https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2021/12/03/sir-antony-sher-actor-hailed-one-great-stage-performers-time/
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en
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Sir Antony Sher, actor hailed as one of the greatest stage performers of his time – obituary
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2021-12-03T00:00:00
|
He shot to fame on TV as the lustful lecturer in The History Man, but built his reputation tackling the big roles in the Shakespearean canon
|
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The Telegraph
|
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2021/12/03/sir-antony-sher-actor-hailed-one-great-stage-performers-time/
|
Sir Antony Sher, the actor, writer and director, who has died from cancer aged 72, made a speciality of playing damaged, neurotic, but strangely charismatic characters.
Sher “worked in the arts” in the broadest sense. As well as acting, he wrote several well-received novels, books of memoirs and a few plays. He was also an accomplished painter; as a child in South Africa, he was hailed as an artistic prodigy. His gifts in all these fields were those of a skilled caricaturist.
Sher burst into the public consciousness in 1981 in the leading role in the BBC television adaptation of Malcolm Bradbury’s satirical novel The History Man. The story, set in 1972, evoked an era when campus demonstrations and sit-ins seemed constantly to grab the media headlines – and as the monstrous Howard Kirk, the libidinous, Zapata-moustachioed lecturer and campus revolutionary for whom teaching is a means to manipulate young minds and bodies, Sher gave a performance that established him as a household name.
He went on to take other parts on television and appeared in a few films, winning an Evening Standard Award for his pricelessly funny performance as Disraeli in Mrs Brown (1996). But it was for his stage performances, mostly for the Royal Shakespeare Company and the National Theatre, that he became best known.
Over the years, Sher tackled many of the meatiest roles in the canon, winning an Olivier Award in his second season with the RSC, in 1984, for his venomous, spider-like Richard III, scuttling about the stage on crutches – a role that also helped launch his literary career, with the publication of Year of the King: An Actor’s Diary and Sketchbook in 1985.
The previous season he had taken the title role in Tartuffe and had given a vaudevillian performance as the Fool to Michael Gambon’s Lear in Adrian Noble’s production, winning a Laurence Olivier Award nomination for Best Actor in a Supporting Role.
Other work included Shylock in The Merchant of Venice (1987), a luxuriously bearded Falstaff in Henry IV pts I and II (2014) and the tortured protagonists in Arthur Miller’s Broken Glass (2011) and Death of a Salesman (2015). In 2016 he played the title role in King Lear, becoming very probably the only person to play both the Fool and Lear at the RSC.
Of his performance in the title role of Kean (2007) one critic observed that as the brilliant but dissolute actor on the verge of a nervous breakdown, “Sher establishes himself as one of the greatest stage actors of his time in a performance that effortlessly encompasses low farce and high tragedy.”
In 2011, writing in The Sunday Telegraph Magazine, Tim Walker observed that theatreland had become “packed with the ghosts of [Sher’s] definitive performances”. Yet the actor himself always felt that he was an outsider, and he remained endearingly unchanged by adulation and the passage of time.
He would recall how, when he was presented to the Queen at the Prince of Wales’s 50th birthday party at Buckingham Palace, Sir Geoffrey Cass – then the chairman of the RSC – told the Queen in a stage whisper: “He is one of our leading actors, ma’am.”
Her Majesty frowned, paused for some time and finally said: “Oh, are you?” Luckily she quickly moved on, for (according to Sher) he had been just about to utter the words: “No, of course not, Your Majesty. You’ve seen through me. I’m just a little gay Yid from somewhere called Sea Point on the other side of the world. I shouldn’t be here. I don’t know why I am. I am an impostor.”
Nobody, observed Tim Walker, “does neurosis, insecurity and downright paranoia on- and offstage quite like Sher”.
Antony Sher was born on June 14 1949 into a Lithuanian-Jewish family in Cape Town, South Africa, and grew up in the suburb of Sea Point; his parents were Emmanuel and Margery Sher.
Although “Little Ant”, as his family called him, excelled in art and drama lessons at school, he had an early awareness of being different from his classmates. “I felt I’d been born on the moon,” he recalled in his autobiography Beside Myself (2002), “not just in the wrong country, but on the wrong planet. I just didn’t seem to fit in to that very macho, rugby-playing, extrovert, outdoor-living South African society.”
But as he also admitted, as a child he was ignorant of the politics of apartheid. “I was brought up in a very apolitical family. We were happy to enjoy the benefits of apartheid without questioning the system behind it. Reading about apartheid when I came to England was a terrible shock. So I lost the accent almost immediately, and if anyone asked me where I was from I would lie.”
After an unhappy spell in the South African Defence Force, Sher moved to Britain in 1968, intent upon becoming an actor. Rejected by Rada and the Central School of Speech and Drama, he won a place at the Webber-Douglas Academy of Dramatic Art.
After training, and some early performances with the theatre group Gay Sweatshop, he landed his first job at the Liverpool Everyman, becoming part of a group of young actors and writers comprising such figures as Alan Bleasdale and Willy Russell, Trevor Eve, Bernard Hill, Jonathan Pryce and Julie Walters.
Then came the lead in the television adaptation of The History Man, and in 1982 he joined the RSC.
Sher had a handful of film credits, but the roles were mostly small. “After Mrs Brown, it felt like, ‘Ah, things are going to happen’ – and they didn’t,” he recalled. A friend came up with one possible explanation: “He said, ‘Well, you’ve got to understand there are not that many parts for Jewish prime ministers.’ That is how Hollywood thinks.” After The History Man, Sher’s television appearances, too, were few and far between.
His other stage roles included Primo Levi in Sher’s own adaptation of Levi’s If This Is a Man (2004), the drag queen Arnold in Harvey Fierstein’s Torch Song Trilogy (1985), Iago in Othello (2004), Prospero in The Tempest (2008), Malvolio in Twelfth Night (1987), a world-weary Sigmund Freud in Hysteria (2013), and Dr Thomas Stockmann, the headstrong hero of Ibsen’s An Enemy of the People (2010).
His final role, in John Kani’s Kunene and the King, at Stratford (2019), won praise from critics. Sher played Jack, a terminally ill actor who goes to South Africa to play Lear and is looked after by Kunene, a black carer with whom a love-hate relationship develops; for The Spectator’s Lloyd Evans it was “the best sort of role for Sher”, who found “magical elements of warmth and lightness in the spiteful, curmudgeonly Jack”.
Sher had taken his first crack at the lead in a West End premiere in 2001, when he was given the role of the composer Gustav Mahler in his cousin Ronald Harwood’s play Mahler’s Conversion, about Mahler’s decision to renounce his Jewish faith prior to his appointment as conductor and artistic director of the Vienna State Opera House in 1897. This was one of his few failures, however. Terrible notices closed it within a month.
Among Sher’s other books were Woza Shakespeare: Titus Andronicus in South Africa (with Gregory Doran, 1997), Primo Time (2005), and Year of the Fat Knight (2015); a book of paintings and drawings, Characters (1990), and the novels Middlepost (1989), Cheap Lives (1995), The Indoor Boy (1996) and The Feast (1999). He also wrote several plays, including ID (2003) and Primo (2004), which was adapted as a film in 2005.
By his own admission, until the mid-1990s, when he booked himself into a clinic, Sher was doing a lot of cocaine, and although he succeeded in kicking the habit he never entirely lost the paranoia that prolonged use of the drug induces.
“You’re talking to someone who suffers every kind of Jewish paranoia imaginable,” he told Helena de Bertodano of The Daily Telegraph in 2000. “Believe me, when I go to Woody Allen films, I really identify very strongly. I wouldn’t call mine a happy life. It’s a fairly bizarre life, but then maybe all of our lives are fairly weird.”
Antony Sher was knighted in 2000. In 2005, he and his partner, Gregory Doran, became one of the first gay couples to enter into a civil partnership in Britain, and in 2015 they were married.
In September 2021 Doran, artistic director of the RSC, announced that he was taking compassionate leave to care for Sher. Doran survives him.
Antony Sher, born June 14 1949, died December 2 2021
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https://law.tulane.edu/admissions/endowed-scholarships
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Endowed Scholarships
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Alumni and other friends of Tulane Law School have donated funds in honor of or in memory of individuals and families for the purpose of providing scholarship support to Tulane law students.
Applicants to Tulane Law School's degree programs are automatically considered for all forms of grant and scholarship funding as part of the admissions process. No Tulane-funded scholarship requires a separate application. Scholarships awarded at the time of admission are funded by the scholarship funds listed below.
Martin S. Ackerman Scholarship Fund
Jeffry Crawford Adams Scholarship
Paul Stephen Adams Scholarship Fund
Admiralty Law Institute Scholarship Fund
Jay P. Altmayer, Sr. Endowed Scholarship Fund
Thomas J. André Memorial Scholarship Fund
Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell, and Berkowitz PC Law Scholarship
Abram B. Barron Memorial Book Scholarship
Nathan G. and Charlotte H. Beard Learning-Chance Fund
Richard G. Bell Scholarship
Jack C. Benjamin Scholarship Fund
Scott R. Bickford Law Scholarship
William B. Bloomfield Scholarship
Hale Boggs Scholarship
Joseph Charles Bostick, Jr. Scholarship
Boulet-Payne-Montgomery Law School Scholarship Fund
Marie Breaux Civil Law Endowed Scholarship Fund
Geoffrey Brice Endowed Scholarship in Admiralty and Maritime Law
Harney Felix Brunot Scholarship
Class of 1937 Scholarship
Class of 1949 Scholarship
Class of 1961 Scholarship
Class of 1979 Scholarship
Class of 1986 Scholarship
Harry and Anita Connick Endowed Scholarship Fund
Friends of the Corporate Law Institute Post-Katrina Endowed Scholarship Fund
Robert C. Cudd Scholarship
Albert Danziger Scholarship
Harold and Beatrice Forgotston Scholarship
Samuel C. Gainsburgh Endowed Scholarship Fund
G. Anthony Gelderman Scholarship
Philip S. Gidiere Scholarship
George J. Ginsberg and Janice Ginsberg Rubin Scholarship Fund
Abraham Goldberg Scholarship
Gordon, Arata, McCollam & Duplantis Law Firm Scholarship
Senator John J. Hainkel, Jr. Endowed Scholarship Fund
Hao Tu Scholarship Fund
Rufus C. Harris Fund
Robert C. Hinckley Endowed Scholarship Fund
James W. Hopkins Scholarship
Harry B. & Nellie May Bartlett Kelleher Fund
Charles F. Kohlmeyer Jr. Scholarship
John R. Kramer Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
Jack LaNasa Scholarship
Law Faculty Scholarship Award
Eldon Spencer Lazarus Book Fund
Courtney Harrington LeBoeuf Environmental Law Scholarship
Austin W. Lewis Scholarship
Liskow & Lewis Law Firm Scholarship
Cullen R. Liskow Scholarship
William A. Lovett Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
The Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Manard, III Endowed Scholarship Fund
Sumter D. Marks Jr. Scholarship
Haber Joseph McCarthy Memorial Fund
John M. McCollam Scholarship Fund
Minority Student Fund
Malcolm W. Monroe Scholarship Fund
Clarence J. Morrow Scholarship
Clarence J. Morrow/Staed Family Endowed Scholarship
Bryant Wood O'Bannon Scholarship Fund
Captain Heather R. O'Mara US JAG Corps Memorial Fund
John E. Parker Scholarship Fund
J. Barnwell Phelps Scholarship
Phelps, Dunbar Law Firm Scholarship
Phi Alpha Delta Law Scholarship
William A. Porteous, III Scholarship
Royal J. Prinz Scholarship
Sherman F. Raphael and Law Class of 1959 Scholarship
The Stanley W. Ray Jr. Philanthropic and Civic Trust Scholarships
Robert Rees Memorial Scholarship
The Reynolds and Ryan Families Endowed Scholarship Fund
River Parish Claimants 1988 Refinery Explosion Memorial Scholarship Fund
Jimmy Taylor Rooks Scholarship Endowed Fund
Dora Rosen Scholarship
A. Lester Sarpy Scholarship
The Abraham and Flora Schneider Scholarship Fund
Ralph J. Schwarz Scholarship
Cicero C. Sessions Scholarship
Sher, Garner, Cahill, Richter, Klein & Hilbert Law Scholarship
Alice H. Sherman Scholarship
Walker Brainerd Spencer, Jr. Scholarship
Harry F. Stiles Jr. Scholarship
Ferdinand Fairfax Stone Scholarship
Stone Pigman Walther Wittmann LLC Scholarship Honoring Saul Stone and Paul O. H. Pigman
Bobby and Phoebe Tudor Endowed Scholarship Fund
Tulane Law School Scholarship
M. Dreux Van Horn, L. Kinney Van Horn and Marian Dreux Van Horn II Scholarship
Vinson & Elkins Scholarship Fund
Frank Voelker, Jr. Scholarship Fund
A.J. and Peggy Waechter Scholarship
Honorable R. Blake West Scholarship
Dr. C. Mark Whitehead Jr. Law Scholarship
Judge Jacques L. Wiener, Jr. Family Fund for Legal Excellence
Wiener, Weiss and Madison Law Firm Scholarship
George C. Winn Scholarship Fund
M. Truman Woodward, Jr. Scholarship
Gaynell Lecorgne and Bob Wright Scholarship Endowed Fund
A.N. Yiannopoulos Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
Martin S. Ackerman Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship was established by Richard S. Ackerman in the name of his father. Richard Ackerman is a graduate of both Tulane College (1980) and Tulane Law School (1982). The scholarship award is to go to law students who demonstrate financial need and promise in their fields of endeavor.
Jeffry Crawford Adams Scholarship
Established in 1982 in memory of Jeffry Crawford Adams, a 1981 honors graduate of Tulane Law School, this scholarship was endowed by the family and friends of Mr. Adams and is intended to provide financial assistance to a worthy student, preferably from Mississippi, demonstrating financial need.
Paul Stephen Adams Scholarship Fund
This scholarship was established by Tulane Law School alumni Sonja Spears and Ike Spears to support an upperclass minority student showing a strong commitment to a career in criminal law. The scholarship was established in memory of Paul Stephen Adams. Preference goes to a student enrolled in the Criminal Litigation Clinic.
Admiralty Law Institute Scholarship Fund
The Admiralty Law Institute established this scholarship fund in 2002 in memory of Benjamin W. Yancey and John W. Sims, each of whom was a prominent and respected member of the New Orleans maritime law bar. Messrs. Yancey and Sims were instrumental in the formation of the Admiralty Law Institute and the maritime law program at Tulane Law School, and both served as adjunct faculty members of that program. The proceeds of the scholarship fund are to be used to provide scholarship support for Tulane Law School students demonstrating high academic accomplishment and an interest in maritime law; preference goes to residents of the state of Louisiana.
Jay P. Altmayer, Sr. Endowed Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship was established by Mrs. Nan Altmayer in honor of her late husband Jay P. Altmayer. Mrs. Altmayer is a longtime friend of Tulane University and a generous philanthropist. Her husband was an entrepreneur and a graduate of Tulane Law School who actively supported the school for many years after he graduated. The scholarship is awarded to a deserving Tulane Law student.
Thomas J. André Memorial Scholarship Fund
This scholarship fund was established in memory of Thomas J. André, Jr., who was a Tulane University law professor from 1967 until his untimely death in 2001. He was renowned for his expertise in corporate law, and taught courses on a broad array of subjects. He was Moot Court advisor, and he established a Tulane summer law program in Berlin. He received his undergraduate degree from Cornell University, his JD degree from Tulane Law School and his LLM degree from Columbia University.
Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell, and Berkowitz PC Law Scholarship
The Louisiana offices of the law firm of Baker, Donelson, Bearman, Caldwell, and Berkowitz established this scholarship fund in 2011 in order to provide scholarship support to Tulane law students from the state of Louisiana. Scholarship recipients will, in addition to receiving tuition assistance, be invited to interview for a summer position with the firm.
Abram B. Barron Memorial Book Scholarship
This endowed fund was established in memory of Abram B. Barron by Tulane Law Professor Paul Barron and his sister, Martha Ann Wishnev. The income from the fund is used to provide law books for worthy students at Tulane Law School.
Nathan G. and Charlotte H. Beard Learning-Chance Fund
This endowed scholarship fund was created in 2003 after the deaths of the donors in gratitude for the "learning chance" given Nathan G. Beard by Tulane and for the opportunity Mr. Beard's attendance provided him to meet Mrs. Charlotte H. Beard. Mr. Beard graduated from Tulane Law School in 1949 and was a World War II veteran of the Navy and Army Air Corps. He met Mrs. Beard while he was a law student and she was an assistant in the Tulane Law School library. They married nearly 20 years later, and died within a week of each other in November 2002. Mrs. Beard was a U.S. Navy Wave from 1945 to 1953.
The proceeds of the endowment are to be used for scholarship support of honorably discharged former members of the Armed Forces of the United States who show financial need, attend Tulane Law School, and continually satisfy the criteria of promise and patriotism.
Richard G. Bell Scholarship
The last will and testament of Richard G. Bell, a seaman whose home was in New Orleans, established this endowed fund, the income from which is used to assist financially needy law students.
Jack C. Benjamin Scholarship Fund
This scholarship fund was established in October 2002 to honor Jack C. Benjamin by his family and friends. Mr. Benjamin received both undergraduate and law degrees from Tulane (BA, 1948; LLB, 1950). The scholarship was initiated by Mrs. Emily S. Benjamin to commemorate her husband's 75th birthday and to honor his dedication and service to Tulane University Law School, to the legal community, and to New Orleans. The income is used for scholarship support of a Tulane Law School student from Louisiana who has a demonstrated need for financial assistance.
Scott R. Bickford Law Scholarship
Endowed in 2008, the Scott R. Bickford Law Scholarship provides tuition support to an incoming student at Tulane Law School. The scholarship is to be awarded to an incoming student who demonstrates high academic achievement, with preference for a student who has demonstrated an interest in the study of environmental sciences, law or politics.
Mr. Scott Bickford is a 1978 graduate of Tulane University College of Arts & Sciences and a 1982 graduate of Tulane Law School. He is a senior member of the New Orleans law firm of Martzell & Bickford. Since becoming a member of the bar, he has litigated to restore and protect the environment, particularly the coastal marsh lands of Louisiana. He has also litigated to protect the rights of individuals exposed to toxic and hazardous substances and has worked on reforming election laws and protecting voting rights.
William B. Bloomfield Scholarship
This scholarship was endowed in 1939 at the bequest of Alice Affleck Bloomfield in memory of her husband. It is awarded to a deserving Tulane Law student.
Hale Boggs Scholarship
This scholarship fund was established in 1973 by the classmates and friends of the late Congressman Hale Boggs after he disappeared in a plane flight over Alaska in October 1972. Congressman Boggs received his BA from Tulane University in 1935 and his LLB from Tulane Law School in 1937. He began his congressional career in 1941, was reelected to the House of Representatives for 13 consecutive terms and was chosen House Majority Leader in 1971. This scholarship in the amount of at least one-half tuition is awarded to an outstanding entering student from Louisiana for a three-year period.
Joseph Charles Bostick, Jr. Scholarship
Edward M. Bostick, a 1937 graduate of Tulane Law School, established this scholarship in memory of his brother, Joseph Charles Bostick, who was killed over Germany in World War II. The scholarship goes to a deserving student.
Boulet-Payne-Montgomery Law School Scholarship Fund
Established in 1983, this fund supports a scholarship for an outstanding law student.
Marie Breaux Civil Law Endowed Scholarship Fund
This scholarship fund was endowed in December 2002 by Marie Breaux, a 1985 graduate of Tulane Law School, in gratitude for the scholarship support that she received from Tulane Law School. The scholarships established through this fund are to be used for the support of upper class students pursuing civil law coursework, or first-year students intending to study civil law.
Geoffrey Brice Endowed Scholarship in Admiralty and Maritime Law
This scholarship was endowed in 2005 by Dr. Nuala Brice and friends as a memorial to honor the many civic and professional contributions of her late husband, Geoffrey Brice, Q.C. The income from the fund is used to provide scholarship support for a student from the United Kingdom who is pursuing the LLM in Admiralty at Tulane Law School.
Geoffrey Brice, Q.C. was instrumental to the academic advancement of admiralty and maritime law at Tulane Law School as a Visiting Professor of Maritime Law from 1989 to 1998. In his commitment to Tulane, he provided his students with a conscientious and intellectually inquisitive approach to teaching. More than just a visiting professor, Geoffrey Brice offered advice, lectures, and even employment recommendations through his efforts with the Maritime Law Society. He was also a key member of the University's London Planning Committee for Tulane Law School's British Maritime Association Conference, and an active member of the Permanent Advisory Board of the Tulane Admiralty Law Institute
An internationally acclaimed and respected expert in admiralty law and practice, Mr. Brice's professional credits are modestly summarized as "one of her Majesty's Counsel, a Master of the Bench of the Middle Temple, a Deputy High Court Judge (Admiralty and Commercial Courts), Recorder of the Crown Court, Leader of the Admiralty Bar, Lloyd's Salvage Arbitrator, Adviser to the United Kingdom Government Delegation at the Legal Committee of the International Maritime Organization, and Visiting Professor of Maritime Law at the University of Natal, South Africa." Educated at Magdalen College School, Brackley, and University College, London, Mr. Brice was also the author of Maritime Law and Salvage.
Harney Felix Brunot Scholarship
In tribute to Harney Felix Brunot, an 1882 graduate of the Tulane Law School and Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of Louisiana, this scholarship is awarded annually to an outstanding law student.
Class of 1937 Scholarship
This scholarship fund was established by alumni of the Tulane Law School Class of 1937 to provide financial assistance to deserving Tulane Law School students.
Class of 1949 Scholarship
This scholarship fund was established by alumni of the Tulane Law School Class of 1949 to provide financial assistance to deserving Tulane Law School students, with preference for Louisiana residents.
Class of 1961 Scholarship
This scholarship was endowed by the Tulane Law School Class of 1961 in order to provide support for incoming students at the law school. Recipient selection is based on high academic achievement and the potential for continued success in law school. The Tulane Law School Class of 1961 has an unusual record of professional accomplishment, as evidenced by the number of members of that class who went on to distinguished careers in practice, public service, and in the state and federal judiciary.
Class of 1979 Scholarship
In honor of its 25th reunion, the Law Class of 1979 endowed a scholarship to support deserving students at Tulane Law School. Funds were raised starting in 2004, and the endowed fund was created in 2005. The Class of 1979 was challenged to create this fund by Professor Paul Barron, who began teaching at Tulane Law School in the same year that the class of 1979 started law school.
Class of 1986 Scholarship
In honor of the 20th anniversary of their graduation, members of the Tulane Law School class of 1986 donated the funds to establish this endowed scholarship fund to provide tuition support for a highly qualified student at Tulane Law School.
Harry and Anita Connick Endowed Scholarship Fund
In 2003, Tulane Law School received a gift from Harry Connick, Jr. to establish an endowed scholarship fund in honor of his parents, Harry Connick (longtime District Attorney for Orleans Parish) and the late Judge Anita Connick, both of whom graduated from Tulane Law School. The scholarship provides tuition support to an incoming first-year law student at Tulane.
Friends of the Corporate Law Institute Post-Katrina Endowed Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship was established in 2006 to provide support to an incoming law student demonstrating high academic achievement who resides in the area of the Gulf Coast region affected by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita. The funds were donated by the law firms involved in organizing Tulane's annual Corporate Law Institute.
Robert C. Cudd Scholarship
In 1998, this scholarship fund was established through the Cudd Foundation by Robert C. Cudd III, a graduate of both Tulane College (1958) and Tulane Law School (1960). Scholarship awards are to go to deserving Louisiana residents who concentrate their studies in the fields of environmental law or historic preservation.
Albert Danziger Scholarship
Established in 1952 by May Fellman Parker, this scholarship honors the memory of Alfred D. Danziger, a 1904 graduate of Tulane Law School, and a prominent attorney and civic leader in New Orleans. This scholarship is restricted to Louisiana residents who graduated from the New Orleans public high school system.
Harold and Beatrice Forgotston Scholarship
This fund was initally established in 1963 with an annual gift by Mr. and Mrs. Forgotston. Subsequently, Mr. and Mrs. Forgotston endowed the fund in order to provide financial assistance to academically superior students attending Tulane Law School. Mr. and Mrs. Forgotston's philanthropy was significant in New Orleans and extended to a variety of educational, religious, and health-related organizations. Mr. Forgotston died in 1986; Mrs. Forgotston died in 1996. Their grandson, Leonard Davis, is a 1984 graduate of Tulane Law School.
Samuel C. Gainsburgh Endowed Scholarship Fund
This scholarship was established in 2004 by the law offices of Gainsburgh, Benjamin, David, Meunier and Warshauer in the memory of Samuel Gainsburgh, who practiced law there for fifty years. Mr. Gainsburgh graduated from Tulane Law School in 1949, and was a founding member of the Law School’s Admiralty Law Institute. This scholarship is awarded on the basis of merit and financial need, with preference given to students from Louisiana.
G. Anthony Gelderman Scholarship
This scholarship was endowed in 2007 by Mr. G. Anthony Gelderman to provide support for students of Tulane Law School. Recipients are selected based on merit and financial need. Mr. Gelderman is a native New Orleanian who graduated from Tulane University in 1983 and Tulane Law School in 1986. He heads the Louisiana office of the New York-based law firm, Bernstein, Litowitz, Berger and Grossman LLP, and is also a former adjunct professor at the Law School where he taught a course in legislative process.
Philip S. Gidiere Scholarship
This fund was endowed by Tulane engineering graduate John Gidiere before his own death, in honor of his late uncle, Philip Gidiere, who was an alumnus of the Tulane law class of 1901 and practiced law in New Orleans for many years. It is awarded to an outstanding student who demonstrates financial need.
George J. Ginsberg and Janice Ginsberg Rubin Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship fund was established in 1999 to honor Janice Ginsberg Rubin and her father, George J. Ginsberg. Mrs. Rubin received her B.A. degree in 1942 from Newcomb College, where she was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. Mr. George J. Ginsberg received his law degree from Tulane in 1918. If several scholarship candidates are equally qualified, recipient preference is to be given to Newcomb College graduates, or to female students enrolled at Tulane Law School.
Abraham Goldberg Scholarship
This scholarship was established in 1961 under the will of Mrs. Rhea Loeb Deutsch as a memorial to her first husband, Abraham Goldberg, a graduate of the Tulane law class of 1895. Mr. Goldberg died in 1926. In the words of the bequest, it is "to be devoted to the maintenance, education and upkeep of one worthy man or woman to enable him or her to attend the Law School of Tulane University."
Gordon, Arata, McCollam & Duplantis Law Firm Scholarship
A partial scholarship is awarded in the fall semester of each year to a second-year student on the staff of the Tulane Law Review. The recipient must demonstrate financial need.
Senator John J. Hainkel, Jr. Endowed Scholarship Fund
The Senator John J. Hainkel, Jr. Scholarship is awarded to an incoming student, preferably from Louisiana, who demonstrates high academic achievement. Senator Hainkel graduated from Tulane Law School in 1961 and was honored with the Outstanding Alumni Award in 1981 and the McGlinchey Lifetime Achievement Award in 2001. He is the only person in Louisiana history to have served both as Speaker of the Louisiana State House of Representatives and as President of the Louisiana Senate. This scholarship was established by Senator Hainkel's three children, two of whom are graduates of Tulane Law School.
Hao Tu Scholarship Fund
Established in 2002 by 1985 alumnus Marc Firestone and his spouse, along with matching gifts from the Philip Morris Companies, this scholarship fund provides support to Tulane Law School students. Preference is given to students of outstanding academic accomplishment with a demonstrated interest in the pursuit of public interest law and service.
Rufus C. Harris Fund
Endowed through the bequest of Miss Kathryn Davis in 1995, this fund makes available a partial scholarship for a deserving law student. Miss Davis, a 1939 graduate of Tulane's University College, served as executive secretary to Rufus C. Harris when he was Dean of the Law School and also while he was President of Tulane University.
Robert C. Hinckley Endowed Scholarship Fund
Robert C. Hinckley was born and raised in New Orleans. In 1969, he earned a Bachelor of Science degree in Engineering from the United States Naval Academy and thereafter served for four years as a naval officer on a destroyer and, subsequently, as the Aide to the Director of Naval Intelligence in the Pentagon. He is a retired Naval Reserve Officer. My Hinckley enrolled at Tulane Law School in 1973 and graduated in 1976 as a member of the Order of the Coif. While at Tulane, he served on the Maritime Law Journal and was Presiding Judge of the Moot Court Board. Mr. Hinckley practiced law at two Bay Area law firms and served as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Spectra Physics, Inc. Immediately prior to his retirement in 1999, he was Vice President for Strategic Plans and Programs, General Counsel and Secretary for Xilnix, Inc., the world's leading programmable logic semiconductor supplier. Mr. Hinckley teaches a course at Tulane Law School each spring in the intellectual property area and, since 2002, has served on the Dean's Advisory Board. The Robert C. Hinckley Scholarship is awarded to a student who demonstrates high academic achievement.
James W. Hopkins Scholarship
This scholarship was established in 1967 by Mrs. Ernestine Bass Hopkins in memory of her husband, James W. Hopkins, a 1923 graduate of Tulane Law School and professor at Tulane University. The endowment was suplemented by gifts from many friends and admirers and James Hopkins.
Mr. Hopkins received his undergraduate degree from Tulane University in 1912 and was a member of Phi Beta Kappa. He received the Master of Arts degree in 1913 and taught both German and Mathematics in Tulane's College of Arts & Sciences and School of Engineering between 1910 and 1923, when he received his LL.B. Between 1929 and 1946, Mr. Hopkins taught commercial law in the College of Commerce and Business Administration and in University College. Mr. Hopkins died in 1967. Mrs. Hopkins died in 2002, leaving an additional bequest which further supplemented the endowment of the Hopkins scholarship. The scholarship is awarded annually to a deserving student.
Harry B. & Nellie May Bartlett Kelleher Fund
Established in 1998, this endowed fund was established by bequest of the Kellehers, their family, and friends for scholarship awards to law students from the greater New Orleans area who demonstrate financial need and show promise in their fields of endeavor. Mr. and Mrs. Kelleher both received undergraduate degrees from Tulane University, and Mr. Kelleher also received his law degree from Tulane (1931). Mrs. Kelleher was active as an alumna of Newcomb College and in numerous community organizations. Mr. Kelleher was co-founder and senior partner of the New Orleans law firm of Lemle & Kelleher, was a member of the Tulane Board of Administrators and Chancellor's Council, was selected as Tulane Law School Distinguished Alumnus in 1984 and Tulane University Distinguished Alumnus in 1990. In 1996, Tulane conferred on Mr. Kelleher an honorary Doctor of Laws degree.
Charles F. Kohlmeyer Jr. Scholarship
In 1988, the family and friends of Charles F. Kohlmeyer Jr. established this endowed fund, the income of which is used for scholarship support for a Louisiana student based on need and merit. Mr. Kohlmeyer received his BA from Tulane University in 1929 and his LLB from Tulane Law School in 1932. He was a founding member of the New Orleans law firm of Lemle, Kelleher, Kohlmeyer, Dennery, Hunley, Moss & Frilot, now Lemle & Kelleher, and had a distinguished career that inspired scores of attorneys who had the privilege of practicing with him.
John R. Kramer Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
This fund was established in 2008, in memory and in honor of the former Dean of Tulane Law School, John R. Kramer. The fund recognizes Dean Kramer's lifelong commitment to the principles of equal justice and the practice of public interest law. The purpose of the fund is to support scholarships for Tulane JD students who express commitment to those same principles of public interest law.
A graduate of Harvard College and Harvard Law School, Mr. Kramer was a Fulbright Scholar at Cambridge University. After his graduation from law school, he worked with Thurgood Marshall while the future US Supreme Court justice was at the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Subsequently, Mr. Kramer became counsel to US Representative Adam Clayton Powell on the House Committee on Education and Labor, handling anti-poverty legislation and the first Higher Education Act. As executive director of the National Council on Hunger and Malnutrition in the late 1960s and 1970s, Mr. Kramer drafted much of the existing legislation on food stamps and school meals. He spent 10 years at Georgetown University as associate dean for clinical education. He was president of the Field Foundation from 1981 to 1991 and founding chair of the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities from 1981 to 2002.
John Kramer was appointed dean of Tulane Law School in 1986, returning to the Tulane Law faculty in 1996. During his tenure as dean, he was largely responsible for making Tulane the first law school in the country to require community service of its students. He died in 2006.
Jack LaNasa Scholarship
This scholarship fund was established in 1965 by the LaNasa-Greco Foundation, through Mrs. Jack LaNasa (Josie Greco LaNasa) and Miss Providence Sarah LaNasa, in memory of Jack LaNasa. Through the LaNasa fund, a scholarship is awarded to a deserving second- or third-year law student in need of financial assistance.
Law Faculty Scholarship Award
At the end of 1997, the Dean and Faculty of Tulane Law School established this endowed fund, to be used for scholarship support of deserving students at Tulane Law School. The establishment of this fund reflects the commitment of the Dean and the faculty to the support of law students. Faculty and deans continue to contribute to this fund annually.
Eldon Spencer Lazarus Book Fund
This fund was established through the 1969 bequest of Mrs. Hilda Grabenheimer Lazarus, in memory of her husband, Eldon Spencer Lazarus, who died in 1955. Mr. Lazarus received his undergraduate degree from Tulane in 1902 and his LL.B. in 1906. He served for many years as lecturer at Tulane Law School and as advisor to the Tulane Law Review. In 1949, Mr. Lazarus presented to the Tulane Law Library a valuable collection of books on Roman law, most of which had been collected by his father, Judge Henry L. Lazarus. Income from the Eldon Spencer Lazarus Fund is to be used to provide law books for worthy students exhibiting financial need.
Courtney Harrington LeBoeuf Environmental Law Scholarship
The Courtney Harrington LeBoeuf Scholarship was establish in 2013 in memory of Courtney Harrington LeBoeuf, a 2003 graduate. Courtney was passionate about environmental law and practiced with various firms in San Francisco. This scholarship benefits students entering their third year of law school who have demonstrated a commitment to environmental law.
Austin W. Lewis Scholarship
Mr. and Mrs. Lane Plauché and friends of Austin W. Lewis established this scholarship in his honor. A 1932 graduate of Tulane Law School, Austin Lewis was associated with the law firm of Liskow & Lewis and served on the Board of Advisors of Tulane Law School. He was elected President of the American College of Trial Lawyers in 1974. The scholarship is awarded to a second- or third-year Tulane law student who has demonstrated an interest in civil law and who is ranked within the top 25 percent of his or her class.
Liskow & Lewis Law Firm Scholarship
The law firm of Liskow & Lewis makes available two partial scholarships each year. The scholarships are awarded to third-year students who have performed at or near the top of their class and who demonstrate financial need. At least one scholarship must go to a civil law student.
Cullen R. Liskow Scholarship
Endowed in 1979 by Mrs. Cullen R. Liskow in memory of her late husband, Cullen R. Liskow, this scholarship is awarded periodically to a deserving student.
William A. Lovett Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
In recognition of Professor William Lovett's long commitment to Tulane Law School as a faculty member, as well as his lifelong dedication to the practice and study of the law, an alumnus of the Law School has chosen to honor Professor Lovett's service and scholarship through the creation of the William A. Lovett Law Scholarship Endowed Fund.
Professor Lovett began teaching at the Law School in 1969. Prior to joining the faculty at Tulane, he was a trial attorney for the US Department of Justice, Antitrust Division, and staff economist for the Federal Trade Commission. Professor Lovett is a widely regarded authority on a range of legal issues including antitrust, banking and financial institutions, shipping and the maritime sector, torts, economic regulations, and international trade policy.
Professor Lovett earned his AB from Wabash College in 1956. He earned his JD from New York University in 1959, an AM in Economics from Harvard University in 1964, and his PhD in Economics from Michigan State University in 1969.
The Lovett Scholarship is used to provide tuition support to an incoming student at Tulane Law School.
The Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. Manard, III Endowed Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship was established by Robert Manard in 1999 for the support of a law student from Louisiana who demonstrates promise in his or her field of endeavor. Preference is given to a student who is or has been involved in track and field athletics. Mr. Manard is a 1972 graduate of Tulane Law School, and is a past member of the Law School Dean's Council and the Law School's adjunct faculty.
Sumter D. Marks Jr. Scholarship
This scholarship fund was created and endowed in 1986 by Mrs. Berthe Amoss and her husband, James Amoss, in memory of Mrs. Amoss's father, Sumter Marks. Endowment funds were also contributed by Mr. Marks's law firm, Phelps, Dunbar, Marks, Claverie & Sims. Sumter Marks was a 1916 graduate of Tulane Law School and was named Distinguished Alumnus in 1982. The scholarship is awarded to a first-year student from Louisiana.
Haber Joseph McCarthy Memorial Fund
Established in memory of Haber Joseph McCarthy, a 1985 graduate of Tulane Law School, by his widow, Michelle Comiskey McCarthy '85, and friends, the income from this endowed fund goes toward summer stipends for students pursuing summer public interest fellowships.
John M. McCollam Scholarship Fund
Established in 1998, the income from this scholarship is used for scholarship support of a second-year student from southern Louisiana who has demonstrated academic excellence and a commitment to the civil law. Special consideration goes to students from Terrebonne and Lafourche Parishes. Mr. McCollam is a 1959 graduate of Tulane Law School and who has had a distinguished career in private practice and served on Tulane's law faculty for a number of years.
Minority Student Fund
The Minority Student Fund consists of monies contributed by Tulane Law School faculty, staff, and others for the purpose of funding minority student scholarships.
Malcolm W. Monroe Scholarship Fund
This endowed fund was established in 1998 by bequest of Malcolm W. Monroe. Mr. Monroe received his undergraduate degree from Tulane in 1940 and his law degree in 1942. He practiced law in New Orleans for many years and was a partner with the firm of Deutsch, Kerrigan & Stiles. He died in 1997. Scholarship awards are made to law students demonstrating financial need and promise in their fields of endeavor.
Clarence J. Morrow Scholarship
Professor Clarence Morrow received his undergraduate and law degrees from Tulane in 1931 and 1934, respectively. He received the LL.D. from Yale University in 1938, when he became a member of the faculty of Tulane School of Law. He was in charge of admissions to the School of Law for many years and served as Acting Dean in 1951-52. At the time of his death in 1968, he was secretary of the Tulane Law Alumni Club.
The endowment for this scholarship originated from the proceeds of a life insurance policy which Professor Morrow had made payable to Tulane. Gifts from Professor Morrow’s friends and former students contributed to the endowment, enabling the Law School to make scholarship awards to deserving students.
Clarence J. Morrow/Staed Family Endowed Scholarship
The Thomas W. Staed Family endowed this scholarship in 2008 in honor and in memory of Professor Clarence J. Morrow. The scholarship is intended to attract and provide tuition support to a highly-qualified first-year student at Tulane Law School who, subject to renewal criteria, will hold this scholarship for three years. The donors of the scholarship encourage the recipient, after graduation, to contribute to scholarship support of future students at Tulane Law School.
The honoree of this scholarship fund, Clarence J. Morrow, received his Bachelor of Arts degree from Tulane University in 1932 and his law degree from Tulane University Law School in 1934. During his tenure as a law student, he served as editor of the Law Review, as vice president of the Law student body, and as a class agent. He became a member of the faculty in 1938 through his death in 1968.
Thomas W. Staed graduated from Tulane Law School in 1958 and is a member of the state bars of Louisiana, Tennessee, and Florida. He is the Chairman of Staed Family Associates, which owns, manages, and develops properties in Florida, and has been President and Chairman of the Board of the American Hotel and Motel Association and President and Chairman of Best Western International, Inc. He has also served as Chairman of Visit Florida, Inc. and the Florida Tourist Commission. Mr. Staed's professional accomplishments and contributions to the community have been widely recognized by professional and civic organizations.
Bryant Wood O'Bannon Scholarship Fund
This fund was established in 1988 by Mr. and Mrs. Ernest O'Bannon in memory of their son, Bryant Wood. The scholarship is intended to provide tuition support of a Tulane law student, with preference given to graduates of Baylor University.
Captain Heather R. O'Mara US JAG Corps Memorial Fund
This fund was established by Judith J. Trotta in memory of her daughter, Heather O'Mara, a 1988 graduate of Tulane Law School. The income from this endowed fund is to provide assistance with book expenses for students at the Law School who are not members of the law review, with preference given to female students.
John E. Parker Scholarship Fund
This fund was endowed in 1996 by Mrs. Juanita Tansey Parker (Tulane Law class of 1935) in memory of her husband, John Parker, a graduate of the Tulane Law class of 1932 and member of the Tulane Law Review. Mr. Parker practiced law for many years in New Orleans with an emphasis on oil and gas law and probate law. The income from this fund goes toward a scholarship for an upperclass student, with a preference to a student with an interest in environmental law.
J. Barnwell Phelps Scholarship
This scholarship was endowed by the New Orleans firm of Phelps, Dunbar, Marks, Claverie and Sims, now Phelps Dunbar, in memory of J. Barnwell Phelps, a partner in the firm.
Phelps, Dunbar Law Firm Scholarship
Perhaps the oldest firm in the city, founded in 1853, this firm comprises 239 lawyers, 40 of them from Tulane. The firm provides the funds for a partial scholarship for a second-year law student from Louisiana who is pursuing the civil law curriculum and is ranked in the top 25 percent of his or her class. Recipients must demonstrate financial need. The scholarship is renewable for the third year of law school so long as the recipient remains in the top 25 percent of his or her class. Therefore, two upperclass students receive the scholarship each year, one in the second-year class and one in the third-year class.
Phi Alpha Delta Law Scholarship
This scholarship was established by a gift in 1952 and has been augmented by individual gifts over the years. A deserving scholarship recipient is selected periodically by the scholarship committee at the Law School.
William A. Porteous, III Scholarship
The law firm of Porteous, Hainkel, and Johnson LLP endowed this scholarship in memory of William A. Porteous III, who graduated from Tulane Law School first in his class in 1962. Mr. Porteous's practice involved many areas of the law including civil law, environmental and toxic tort litigation, products liability, oil and gas, and maritime finance. He was a member of the adjunct faculty at Tulane Law School for more than twenty years. The Porteous Scholarship is awarded to a student who expresses serious intent to study and eventually practice in the area of environmental or maritime law, demonstrates high academic achievement, and is a resident of Louisiana.
Royal J. Prinz Scholarship
This scholarship was established in 1993 through the generous bequest of Royal J. Prinz, who left his residuary estate to Tulane University. Scholarships funded by the proceeds of the Prinz endowment are awarded to deserving students at Tulane Law School.
Sherman F. Raphael and Law Class of 1959 Scholarship
This scholarship was endowed jointly by a legacy from Sherman Raphael, a 1959 graduate of Tulane Law School, and by gifts from other members of the class of 1959. Mr. Raphael practiced law in New Orleans until his retirement in 1993. He was president of the Academy of New Orleans Trial Lawyers in 1972-73 and national president of the Tulane Law Alumni Association in 1977-78. The income from this scholarship fund is used to support deserving law students at Tulane who demonstrate promise in their fields of endeavor.
The Stanley W. Ray Jr. Philanthropic and Civic Trust Scholarships
Created in 1990, this scholarship program was established through the generosity of the late Stanley W. Ray Jr., a 1941 graduate of Tulane Law School who had been a basketball athlete and editor of the campus newspaper while an undergraduate at Tulane. Tulane Law School nominates incoming students each year, with the final selection made by the trustees of The Stanley W. Ray Jr. Philanthropic and Civic Trust. The primary criterion for nomination is financial need, but the trustees will give special consideration to students who have lost one or both parents, who have lettered in basketball as Tulane undergraduates, and whose homes are in Louisiana.
Robert Rees Memorial Scholarship
This fund was established in memory of Robert Rees, an Order of the Coif graduate of the Tulane law class of 1957 and a member of the Board of Editors of the Tulane Law Review. This scholarship is awarded to a deserving first-year student and is renewable for the second and third years of law school.
The Reynolds and Ryan Families Endowed Scholarship Fund
Established in 2004, the Reynolds and Ryan Families Endowed Scholarship Fund provides scholarship support for law students. The scholarship is named for Mrs. Vada Odom Reynolds, a 1935 graduate of Newcomb College, and members of her family, including her husband, Jack J. Reynolds, her daughter, Pamela Reynolds Ryan, and her son, John C. Reynolds (a 1969 graduate of Tulane Law School).
Vada Odom Reynolds was a civic activist and philanthropist, who gave time and energy as a volunteer to Tulane University, as well as many other charitable causes and organizations. She was appointed to the Tulane Medical Center Board of Governors in 1973 and was named to the Medical Center's advisory governors for life in 1988. She had also been a member of the Chancellor's Council, the Tulane Hospital and Clinic Auxiliary, and the board of the Newcomb Alumnae Association. Mrs. Reynolds was the Tulane Alumni Volunteer of the Year in 1993 and was inducted into the Paul Tulane Society in 1994. She was awarded the Chancellor's Distinguished Service Award in 1996 and received the Dean's Medal from the School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine in 1999. Mrs. Reynolds died in 2003, at the age of 88.
River Parish Claimants 1988 Refinery Explosion Memorial Scholarship Fund
This fund was established in 2000 to provide scholarship support for deserving Tulane Law School students who are residents of the "river parishes" in Louisiana. The recipients must demonstrate both financial need and scholastic merit. The fund was established using a portion of the recovery in an oil refinery case, distributed to Tulane Law School by United States District court order.
Jimmy Taylor Rooks Scholarship Endowed Fund
Established in 2008, this fund provides scholarship support for law students. Mr. Rooks graduated with honors from Tulane Law School in 1958 and practiced law in Baton Rouge beginning in 1960. An active supporter of the arts, Mr. Rooks provided a bequest to Tulane Law School in his will.
Dora Rosen Scholarship
Established in 1957 by the will of Charles Rosen in memory of his mother, Dora Rosen, this scholarship is awarded to a deserving student at the Tulane Law School.
A. Lester Sarpy Scholarship
This endowed fund, created by A. Lester Sarpy, a prominent New Orleans attorney, provides a scholarship for a worthy Tulane law student demonstrating financial need.
The Abraham and Flora Schneider Scholarship Fund
Established in 1990, this scholarship fund was created through the bequest of Flora Schneider Mouring. The proceeds of the endowment are to be used for scholarships for Tulane law students who demonstrate financial need.
Ralph J. Schwarz Scholarship
This scholarship was established in memory of Ralph J. Schwarz, a prominent lawyer, outstanding citizen, and professor at Tulane Law School. The inital gift was made by Mrs. Ralph J. Schwarz in 1944. It is awarded to a deserving law student.
Cicero C. Sessions Scholarship
This scholarship fund was endowed in 1986 by the New Orleans law firm of Sessions, Fishman, Rosenson, Boisfontaine, Nathan and Winn (now Sessions, Fishman, Nathan & Israel) in honor of Cicero C. Sessions. Mr. Sessions graduated from Tulane Law School in 1932 and was well known for his outstanding trial work. The scholarship is awarded each year to a third-year student of high academic distinction who has demonstrated an interest in trial practice.
Sher, Garner, Cahill, Richter, Klein & Hilbert Law Scholarship
The New Orleans law firm of Sher, Garner, Cahill, Richter, Klein & Hilbert established this scholarship in 2012. The scholarship award goes to a first-year student committed to studying civil law.
Alice H. Sherman Scholarship
This scholarship was established in 1998 through a gift from former Tulane Law School Dean and Mrs. Edward Sherman and is named in honor of Mrs. Sherman to recognize her strong interest in the welfare of Tulane law students. The income from this scholarship fund goes toward the scholarship support of deserving students at Tulane Law School who demonstrate promise in their fields of endeavor.
Walker Brainerd Spencer, Jr. Scholarship
This fund was endowed in 1980 by the estate of Dorothy S. Collins in memory of Walker Spencer Brainerd, Jr., and in light of her high regard for Tulane Law School. The purpose of the scholarship fund is to provide financial support for deserving law students.
Harry F. Stiles Jr. Scholarship
This scholarship fund was endowed in 1999 through the bequest of Mrs. Beryl Whiteman Stiles in memory of her husband, who received both his BA and JD from Tulane University. Mr. Stiles was a partner in the New Orleans firm of Deutsch, Kerrigan and Stiles and was a respected specialist in admiralty and oil and gas law. The proceeds of the Stiles Fund are to be used for scholarship support of deserving students who have manifested a special interest in maritime law.
Ferdinand Fairfax Stone Scholarship
Professor Stone, an authority on comparative law, was on the faculty of Tulane Law School for over 50 years. In 1949, he founded the Institute of Comparative Law at Tulane as a center for the study of comparative legal systems. Professor Stone retired as director of the institute in 1979. He was W. R. Irby Emeritus Professor of Law at the time of his death in 1989. The scholarship, endowed in 1986 by friends of Professor Stone, is awarded to a third-year student who has demonstrated a serious interest in the civil law and has performed well in law school.
Stone Pigman Walther Wittmann LLC Scholarship Honoring Saul Stone and Paul O. H. Pigman
Members of the New Orleans law firm of Stone Pigman Walther Wittmann LLC endowed this scholarship fund in honor of founding partners Saul Stone and Paul Pigman. Proceeds of the endowment are awarded to a deserving JD student, with preference to a student pursuing civil law studies.
Bobby and Phoebe Tudor Endowed Scholarship Fund
Bobby and Phoebe Tudor established this endowed scholarship fund in 2007 to provide tuition support for a highly qualified student at Tulane University Law School. Criteria for selection include high academic achievement, with a preference for Louisiana residence. Bobby Tudor is a graduate of Tulane Law School and a member of the Tulane Law Dean's Advisory Board. He is Chairman and CEO of Tudor, Pickering & Co. LLC, an integrated energy investment and merchant banking firm. Formerly, he was a partner with Goldman Sachs & Co. Phoebe Tudor is an architectural historian with particular interest in preservation in New Orleans.
Tulane Law School Scholarship
Most of the scholarship assistance awarded to law students comes from internal funds at the Law School, set aside for that purpose and designated Tulane Law School Scholarships. As noted above, most of these funds are awarded to incoming students on the basis of merit, with a portion reserved for need-based scholarships. These scholarships are renewable so long as the student meets the prescribed conditions. A portion of the School's funds is reserved for upperclass students who were not awarded scholarships as first -year students, but who have performed exceptionally well during the first or second year of law school.
M. Dreux Van Horn, L. Kinney Van Horn and Marian Dreux Van Horn II Scholarship
Endowed by the Van Horn family in 1993, this scholarship is to be awarded to a deserving second or third-year student. Mr. Van Horn II was a 1954 graduate of the Law School, who died in 2009 at the age of 80. The Van Horn scholarship honors his late parents as well as himself.
Vinson & Elkins Scholarship Fund
Established in 2006, this scholarship fund is intended to provide tuition support to a deserving Tulane law student. Vinson & Elkins, one of the preeminent law firms in the United States, has engaged in innovative legal work across a broad spectrum of practice areas and has for many years demonstrated its confidence in the excellence of Tulane Law School through employment of students and graduates.
Frank Voelker, Jr. Scholarship Fund
This endowed scholarship was established by members of the Voelker family in honor of Frank Voelker, Jr., a 1943 graduate of Tulane Law School. In addition to his distinguished career in law, Mr. Voelker has been a long-time friend and dedicated supporter of Tulane Law School. The scholarship is to be awarded to a student from northern Louisiana who has demonstrated academic excellence, a commitment to the civil law, and promise in his or her field of endeavor.
A.J. and Peggy Waechter Scholarship
The A. J. and Peggy Waechter Scholarship Fund is an endowed fund established for scholarship support of Tulane Law students. Preference is given to Louisiana residents, to students demonstrating active community service in years prior to being admitted to law school, and to students demonstrating outstanding academic accomplishment. Recipients are to be chosen by committee from a small group of students recommended through the admission process. Arthur Joseph Waechter, Jr. graduated from Tulane University and Tulane Law School and served on board of administrators of Tulane University. His family, colleagues and friends established this scholarship after his death in 2001 to honor his dedication to his law firm, Tulane University and his community. Waechter Scholars will be encouraged to continue their community service as recipients of this scholarship.
Honorable R. Blake West Scholarship
Judge R. Blake West, an Order of the Coif graduate of the Tulane law class of 1951, prominent trial attorney, and United States district judge, is remembered by his friends with the establishment of this scholarship. It is awarded to a deserving student who has a record of academic excellence.
Dr. C. Mark Whitehead Jr. Law Scholarship
Dr. C. Mark Whitehead, III, a graduate of the Tulane School of Medicine class of 1995 and the Tulane Law School class of 2000, has endowed this scholarship in honor of his father, Dr. C. Mark Whitehead, Jr., a member of the Tulane School of Medicine class of 1966. The scholarship is to be awarded to law student who demonstrates high academic achievement. Preference is given to a student with permanent residence in one of the Acadiana Parishes of Louisiana. Dr. Whitehead III is the founding member of the Whitehead Law Firm in Lafayette, Louisiana.
Judge Jacques L. Wiener, Jr. Family Fund for Legal Excellence
This fund was established in 2011 by Judge Weiner. The award is given to a deserving law student who is pursuing a public interest fellowship.
Wiener, Weiss and Madison Law Firm Scholarship
This is a Shreveport law firm whose scholarships were endowed by those members of the Wiener, Weiss, and Shifke families who attended Tulane Law School. Preference goes to students from northwestern Louisiana in awarding of the Wiener, Weiss Scholarship, which is provided to an incoming student each year. The scholarships are renewable for an additional two years, with three students receiving the Wiener, Weiss Scholarship at any one time.
George C. Winn Scholarship Fund
This scholarship fund was established in 1999 by George C. Winn, a 1954 graduate of Tulane Law School and founder of the Florida law firm of Winn & Jorgensen. The scholarship is to be used for support of a deserving student from Florida who has demonstrated academic excellence. Scholarship award criteria include financial need and academic promise.
M. Truman Woodward, Jr. Scholarship
This fund was established by a bequest from M. Truman Woodward, Jr., a 1927 graduate of Tulane Law School and partner in the New Orleans law firm of Milling, Benson. The income from this endowed fund is to be used for a scholarship for a Tulane law student who has demonstrated financial need and has maintained a strong academic performance. Preference is given to students committed to pursuing studies in the civil law.
Gaynell Lecorgne and Bob Wright Scholarship Endowed Fund
Established in 2008, the Gaynell Lecorgne and Bob Wright Scholarship Endowed Fund provides tuition support to an incoming Tulane law student each year. Bob Wright is a 1954 graduate of Centenary College of Louisiana and a 1957 graduate of Tulane Law School, where he was a member of the Tulane Law Review and the Moot Court Board. Upon graduation, he began working with former Congressman James Domengeaux to form the Lafayette law firm of Domengeaux, Wright, Roy & Edwards. Mr. Wright was listed in The Best Lawyers in America for more than a decade, and he served as President of the Louisiana State Bar Association from 1978 to 1979. He currently serves as Chairman of the Louisiana Racing Commission.
Mr. Wright served as Chairman of the Louisiana Judiciary Committee in 1996, as Louisiana Delegate to the American Bar Association in 1980-81, as President of the Louisiana Trial Lawyers Association in 1969-70, and as State Committeeman for the Association of Trial Lawyers of American from 1972 to 1974. He is a Fellow of the International Academy of Trial Lawyers. His dedication to the community of Lafayette and southwest Louisiana is evidenced through his many civic and philanthropic commitments over the past 50 years. He has demonstrated a lifelong commitment to education, serving on the Board of Trustees of State Colleges & Universities and the Board of Independent Colleges & Universities of Louisiana, as well as the President's Advisory Council of Centenary College and as a member of the President's Council of Tulane University.
A.N. Yiannopoulos Law Scholarship Endowed Fund
In honor of Professor Yiannopoulos's 28 years of teaching at Tulane law School, and on the occasion of his retirement, this endowed scholarship fund was created through the initial gift of Frederick R. Heebe, who received both his undergraduate (1975) and law (1978) degrees from Tulane University.
Professor Yiannopoulos, an internationally renowned scholar of civil law, comparative law, and maritime law, joined the Tulane Law School faculty in 1979, after spending twenty years as a faculty member at the Louisiana State University Law Center. Currently, he serves as Chair of the Eason Weinmann Center for International and Comparative Law. He has been instrumental in the teaching of civil law in Louisiana in the late 20th century. He has been in charge of the revision of the Louisiana Civil Code as reporter for the Louisiana State Law Institute and has been the editor of West's Pamphlet Edition of the Louisiana Civil Code since 1980. He has also authored three columes of the Louisiana Civil Law Treatise series, now in its 4th edition. Professor Yiannopoulos has published widely in the fields of civil law, comparative law, conflict of laws, and admiralty. He has directed the Law School's summer programs in Greece since 1980. He continues to research and write on the civil code, on maritime law, and on the subject of property. Professor Yiannopoulos is a member of the International Academy of Comparative Law (The Hague) and of the American Law Institute.
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Hugh Michael Jackman is an Australian actor, singer, multi-instrumentalist, dancer and producer. Jackman has won international recognition for his roles in major films, notably as superhero, period, and romance characters. He is best known for his long-running role as Wolverine in the X-Men film series, as well as for his lead roles in the romantic-comedy fantasy Kate & Leopold (2001), the action-horror film Van Helsing (2004), the drama The Prestige and The Fountain (2006), the epic historical romantic drama Australia (2008), the film version of Les Misérables (2012), and the thriller Prisoners (2013). His work in Les Misérables earned him his first Academy Award nomination for Best Actor and his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Motion Picture Musical or Comedy in 2013. In Broadway theatre, Jackman won a Tony Award for his role in The Boy from Oz. A four-time host of the Tony Awards themselves, he won an Emmy Award for one of these appearances. Jackman also hosted the 81st Academy Awards on 22 February 2009.
Jackman was born in Sydney, New South Wales, to Grace McNeil (Greenwood) and Christopher John Jackman, an accountant. He is the youngest of five children. His parents, both English, moved to Australia shortly before his birth. He also has Greek (from a great-grandfather) and Scottish (from a grandmother) ancestry.
Jackman has a communications degree with a journalism major from the University of Technology Sydney. After graduating, he pursued drama at the Western Australian Academy of Performing Arts, immediately after which he was offered a starring role in the ABC-TV prison drama Correlli (1995), opposite his future wife Deborra-Lee Furness. Several TV guest roles followed, as an actor and variety compere. An accomplished singer, Jackman has starred as Gaston in the Australian production of "Beauty and the Beast." He appeared as Joe Gillis in the Australian production of "Sunset Boulevard." In 1998, he was cast as Curly in the Royal National Theatre's production of Trevor Nunn's Oklahoma. Jackman has made two feature films, the second of which, Erskineville Kings (1999), garnered him an Australian Film Institute nomination for Best Actor in 1999. Recently, he won the part of Logan/Wolverine in the Bryan Singer- directed comic-book movie X-Men (2000). In his spare time, Jackman plays piano, golf, and guitar, and likes to windsurf.
British actor Clive Owen is one of a handful of stars who, though he is best known for his art house films, can handle more mainstream films with equal measures of grace and skill. Owen is typically cast as characters whose primary traits are a balance of physical strength, intellect, conflicting soul but forceful will. He is best known to film audiences for his work in Children of Men (2006), Hautnah (2004) and his breakout part in Der Croupier (1998).
Born in Coventry, in England's West Midlands county, on 3 October 1964, Owen is the fourth of five brothers. He is the son of Pamela (Cotton) and Jess Owen, a country and western singer. His father abandoned the family when he was three years old, and Owen was subsequently raised by his mother and stepfather. He attended Binley Park Comprehensive School and joined the youth theater at 13 after playing the scene-stealing role of the Artful Dodger in a production of "Oliver!"
Acting was not his first choice as a profession, but he changed his mind and went on to graduate from the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in 1987. Owen proceeded to join the Young Vic Theatre Company, where he honed his craft while performing in a number of Shakespearean productions.
Clive made his film debut in the British-made Vroom! - Ab in die Freiheit (1990) co-starring with David Thewlis as two fellows who restore a classic American car and take off on the road. Within two years, Clive became a full-fledged TV star playing devilish rogue Stephen Crane in Chancer (1990). However, the now-sought-after Clive abandoned the star-making part at the height of the show's popularity because of unwanted invasion of privacy and his fear of typecasting. His next project raised more than a few eyebrows when he filmed Schließe meine Augen - Begehre oder Töte mich (1991) in which he played a brother who acts on his incestuous desires for his older sister. Clive's reputation as a lovable shyster was completely shattered and he lost profitable commercial endorsements following the film's release. Offers fell off for the next two years as a result. But the persistent Clive carried on with stage work, including the role of a bisexual in a production of Noël Coward's "Design For Living." He returned to TV at that time as well and played a number of roles in both mini-movies and series.
In 1997, Clive had a huge hit on the London stage with "Closer," a cynical, contemporary ensemble piece about relationships. Controversy surrounded him again in the film role of Max in Bent (1997) playing a brash, reckless homosexual lothario in decadent pre-war Germany who finds unconditional love while interned in a Nazi war camp. His biggest film break, however, was in Mike Hodges' Der Croupier (1998), as a struggling writer-turned-casino employee who gets in over his head with a femme fatale scam artist. English audiences stayed away in droves but the U.S. embraced the film and Hollywood took notice of Clive, who was virtually unknown outside of England. Despite playing detective Ross Tanner in a series of successful "Second Sight" mini-movies and finding critical acclaim on stage with "The Day in the Death of Joe Egg" in 2001, Clive has focused primarily on film, including the offbeat Brit romantic comedy Greenfingers - Harte Jungs & zarte Triebe (2000), the classy and popular Robert Altman period piece Gosford Park (2001), the Matt Damon star-vehicle Die Bourne Identität (2002), and the title role in King Arthur (2004). He has since reached the top rungs of the Hollywood ladder with the film version of his stage smash Hautnah (2004), in which he received an Academy Award nomination and won both the Golden Globe and BAFTA awards for "Supporting Actor." He also had noteworthy roles opposite Denzel Washington in Inside Man (2006); and Julianne Moore and Michael Caine in Children of Men (2006), as well as handling a few biopics, playing Sir Walter Raleigh opposite Cate Blanchett's Elizabeth I in the film Elizabeth - Das goldene Königreich (2007) and Ernest Hemingway (Emmy nomination) in Hemingway & Gellhorn (2012) also starring Nicole Kidman.
More recent films include starring roles in The International (2009), Duplicity - Gemeinsame Geheimsache (2009), The Boys Are Back - Zurück ins Leben (2009), Trust - Blindes Vertrauen (2010), Intruders (2011), Blood Ties (2013), Last Knights - Die Ritter des 7. Ordens (2015), The Confirmation (2016) and Anon (2018). He also played Claudius in a retelling of "Hamlet" per Ophelia's perspective in Ophelia (2018); and played in support to Will Smith in the sci-fi thriller Gemini Man (2019).
Owen is married to former actress Sarah-Jane Fenton, who played Juliet to his Romeo at the Young Vic in 1998. The couple has two daughters.
Robert Peter Williams was born in Stoke-on-Trent, on February 13th 1974, to his mother: Jan and father: Pete. Robbie attended Mill Hill Primary School, followed by St. Margaret Ward's Roman Catholic School in Tunstall. At secondary school he became labeled as mischievous and a jester and subsequently left with no GCSEs. He participated in several school plays, and his biggest role was that of the Artful Dodger in a production of Oliver!He achieved fame when at 16 he became the youngest member to join the all-male group 'Take That' after responding to an advertisement. Now, a true British superstar with over eighty million records sold worldwide, Robbie Williams has won more BRIT Awards than any other artist in history and is the best-selling British solo artist of all time. His twelve number one UK albums, alongside a plethora of world records, including selling the most tickets (1.6 million) in one day, highlight his enormous success as both a live performer and recording artist. This year has been another huge one for Robbie: as well as writing the music to the acclaimed new musical 'The Boy in the Dress' with Guy Chambers and Chris Heath, he also completed his first ever sold-out Las Vegas residency, played a triumphant sold-out show to 65,000 fans at Hyde Park in London and will release his first Christmas album 'The Christmas Present' on 22nd November. Robbie is a lifelong football fan and is the co-founder of the Charity football event 'Soccer Aid' which has raised over £30m for UNICEF, providing help for children in danger around the world.
A Golden Globe winner and Emmy nominee, Dylan McDermott has proven his talent in film, television, and theater. He was born Mark Anthony McDermott in Waterbury, Connecticut, to Diane (Marino) and Richard McDermott. Diane was 15 and Richard was 17 when Dylan was born. Richard earned money by hustling pool. Dylan is of Italian (from his maternal grandfather), Irish, English, and French descent. During Dylan's early years, his parents separated. In 1967, when Dylan was five, his mother was murdered by her live-in boyfriend. The murder was initially ruled an accidental shooting occurring while her boyfriend cleaned his gun, but police reopened the case in 2012 and revealed evidence showing it was impossible for her death to be have been accidental. Dylan and his sister Robin, who was then six months old, were taken in by their grandmother, Avis (Rogers) Marino.
When Dylan was 15, his father met and married playwright/activist Eve Ensler. Eve adopted Dylan. Eve encouraged him to go to acting school and Fordham University in New York City. He met his now ex-wife, Shiva Rose, at a coffee shop in Venice, California, on the same day he got a big acting break by being cast in the film In the Line of Fire: Die zweite Chance (1993) with Clint Eastwood. As a result of his connection with Eastwood, Dylan attended a dinner honoring Clint. There, he met Jeffrey Kramer, a man who used to frequent a bar where Dylan had earlier worked. Kramer was, at that time, the president of David E. Kelley Productions. He asked Dylan to meet David E. Kelley for a then-upcoming series about lawyers, Practice: Die Anwälte (1997), and the rest is history. The series earned him a Golden Globe in 1999 and nominations in 2000 and 2001, as well as an Emmy nomination in 1999. Another mentor of Dylan is Joanne Woodward, who discovered him while he was doing workshops at the Neighborhood Playhouse.
His film credits include The Messengers (2007), by the Pang brothers (link=nm0659380 and link=nm0161152); Wonderland (2003); Familienfeste und andere Schwierigkeiten (1995); Magnolien aus Stahl - Die Stärke der Frauen (1989); Hamburger Hill (1987); Das Wunder von Manhattan (1994); In the Line of Fire: Die zweite Chance (1993); and Burning Palms (2010). McDermott's television credits include the Jerry Bruckheimer-produced TNT drama Dark Blue (2009) and TNT's dramatic limited series The Grid (2004), opposite Julianna Margulies.
In 2008, McDermott starred in Nicky Silver's "Three Changes" at Playwrights Horizons, starring opposite Maura Tierney. The play follows an uncomfortably married Upper West Side couple. Additionally, in September 2006, McDermott was on stage in Eve Ensler's new play "The Treatment." Ensler's play explored the relationship between a traumatized former military interrogator (McDermott) and his psychologist colonel, who is assigned to give him routine treatment. The play opened the Impact Festival 2006, a New York City-wide arts festival as part of the Culture Project. McDermott was nominated for a Drama League Award for his performance.
McDermott appeared on television in the first season of Ryan Murphy and Brad Falchuk's FX drama American Horror Story (2011), opposite Connie Britton and Jessica Lange.
McDermott co-starred in Jay Roach's comedy Die Qual der Wahl (2012), opposite Will Ferrell and Zach Galifianakis. McDermott played Tim Wattley, a political consultant who runs the campaign of a candidate from North Carolina. The Warner Bros. film was released on August 10, 2012. That year, McDermott was also seen in the indie coming-of-age drama Vielleicht lieber morgen (2012), alongside Logan Lerman (McDermott played Lerman's character's father), Emma Watson, Paul Rudd, Ezra Miller, and Mae Whitman.
In 2013, McDermott had a supporting role in Antoine Fuqua's Olympus Has Fallen - Die Welt in Gefahr (2013), alongside Aaron Eckhart and Gerard Butler. The film followed a former Secret Service agent who becomes America's only hope when the President is taken hostage by terrorists.
McDermott's additional theatre credits include Neil Simon's production of "Biloxi Blues" on Broadway and "Golden Boy," directed by Joanne Woodward at the Williamstown Theater Festival.
Born in Scotland, trained at the Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama where he was named most promising drama student. Scott's early work was in Scottish national theatre and television, first appearing in the series Soldier Soldier as well as on the stage in the Tim Fleming directed production of Wallace. Early television credits to follow included The Rover, Taggart: Nest of Vipers, Lovejoy, and Soldier Soldier. Scott followed this up with impactful turns in the films You Don't Have to Say You Love Me, Black Beauty, and Another Nine & a Half Weeks. Shortly thereafter, Scott could be seen opposite Drew Barrymore in the hit film Ever After, opposite Robert Duvall, Tea Leoni, and Vanessa Redgrave in the film Deep Impact, as well as the second installment in the hit Mission: Impossible franchise, Mission: Impossible 2. Scott also appeared opposite Kate Winslet in Michael Apted's Enigma as well as the 2002 film Ripley's Game, opposite Ray Winstone. Starring opposite Jennifer Connelly in the 2005 film Dark Water and the 2007 film Hit Man, Scott soon appeared in US television for the first time in the ABC miniseries The Ten Commandments as well the Hallmark TV movie Arabian Nights.
US television audiences next saw Scott in the NBC series Heist as well as the hit ABC series Desperate Housewives. He followed these impressive turns with the BBC miniseries adaptation of the cult classic novel The Day of the Triffids. Scott was most recently seen in the critically-acclaimed movie My Week With Marilyn, the hit Netflix series Hemlock Grove, and the Cinemax series Strike Back. Scott can next be seen in the films Last Passenger and Lionsgate's The Vatican Tapes.
Scott's impressive theatre resume includes the 2000 Donmar premiere of To The Green Fields Beyond, directed by Sam Mendes, The Rover, directed by Jules Wright, and The Power and the Glory, directed by Tim Luscombe.
Julian Dana William McMahon was born in Sydney, Australia, the second of three children of Lady Sonia McMahon (née Sonia Rachel Hopkins) and Sir Billy McMahon, the longest continuously serving government minister in Australian history, serving over 21 years as a government minister before serving as Prime Minister of Australia from March 1971 to December 1972. Sir Billy died March 31, 1988, age 80, four months before Julian's 20th birthday, and Julian's mother, Lady (Sonia) McMahon, died of cancer, three days after the 22nd anniversary of her husband's passing, in Sydney, on April 2, 2010, age 77, with Julian and his two sisters at her bedside.
Julian is of Irish and English descent. Julian started a Bachelor of Arts degree at the University of Wollongong, but after more time spent in the University bar than at classes, he became bored after one year and began a career in modeling, working primarily in commercials. In 1987, he began print modeling assignments in Los Angeles, New York, Milan, Rome and Paris. His appearance in a TV commercial promoting jeans in his home country made him popular enough to be cast as the lead in The Power, the Passion (1989), an Australian "Dynasty"-like series. After 18 months on "The Power, The Passion," Julian then joined the cast of Home and Away (1988), another successful Australian series, where he won a best actor award from a national magazine.
McMahon later performed on stage, appearing in a musical version of "Home and Away" in Britain as well as in "Love Letters" in Sydney and Melbourne. After a lead role in the feature film Wet and Wild (1993) with Elliott Gould, he moved to Hollywood so that he could read for more American projects. In 1992, he was cast as Ian Rain on NBC's daytime drama Another World (1964). He left "Another World" after two years, in order to expand his range and experience, appearing in several Los Angeles stage productions. He also appeared in the feature film Magenta - Verführerische Unschuld (1997) before landing the role of Agent John Grant on Profiler (1996) for four seasons, .
In his free time, McMahon enjoys surfing, biking, and cooking. He is a fan of baseball, American football and basketball, and he collects classic books.
Henry William Dalgliesh Cavill was born on the Bailiwick of Jersey, a British Crown dependency in the Channel Islands. His mother, Marianne (Dalgliesh), a housewife, was also born on Jersey, and is of Irish, Scottish and English ancestry. Henry's father, Colin Richard Cavill, a stockbroker, is of English origin (born in Chester, England). Henry is the second youngest son, with four brothers. He was privately educated at St. Michael's Preparatory School in Saint Saviour, Jersey before attending Stowe School in Buckinghamshire, England.
His interest in acting started at an early age with school play renditions of Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream", and Sonny LaTierri in "Grease". He also starred and directed Shakespeare's "Hamlet" in the BBC documentary "40 Minutes". It was at age 17 when Henry was discovered by casting directors at school who were looking for a young boy to play Albert Mondego in Monte Cristo (2002). He went on to star in Laguna (2001), appear in BBC's Inspector Lynley (2001), the television film Goodbye, Mr. Chips (2002), and the television series Inspector Barnaby (1997).
When Henry was 20 years old, he gained starring roles in I Capture the Castle (2003), Hellraiser - Hellworld (2005), Red Riding Hood - Rotkäppchen kehrt zurück (2006) and Tristan + Isolde (2006). He also had a minor role in the fantasy-adventure epic Der Sternwanderer (2007) alongside Sienna Miller and Ben Barnes. During 2007-2010, Henry had a leading role on the television series Die Tudors (2007) as Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk. The series was a success and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award in 2007 and won an Emmy Award in 2008. Entertainment Weekly named him "Most Dashing Duke".
He also starred in Blood Creek (2006) and Woody Allen's comedy film Whatever Works - Liebe sich wer kann (2009). On January 30, 2011, it was announced that Henry Cavill had been cast as the next Superman in Man of Steel (2013), making him the first non-American actor to play Superman. The movie was directed by Zach Snyder, produced by Christopher Nolan, and scripted by David S. Goyer. On November 7, 2011, Henry starred in Tarsem Singh's fantasy-adventure epic Krieg der Götter (2011) alongside Mickey Rourke, Freida Pinto and Luke Evans. On September 7, 2012, Henry starred in the action-thriller Cold Light of Day (2003) alongside Bruce Willis and Sigourney Weaver.
On June 10, 2013, Man of Steel (2013) kicked off its world premiere in New York City followed by London, Bailiwick of Jersey, Sicily, Madrid, Shanghai, Sydney and Tokyo. The movie became the highest-grossing Superman film to date, and the second-highest-grossing reboot of all time behind The Amazing Spider-Man (2012). Glamour magazine ranked him the #1 "Sexiest Man". In August 2014, Henry became the Ambassador for Durrell Wildlife Park and created a website and social media called #CavillConservation to help raise funds and awareness for his love of animals and conservation. On November 3, 2014, it was announced that Cavill, his brother Charlie, and London-based producer Rex Glensy, have formed their own British production company, Promethean Productions.
On August 7, 2015, Codename U.N.C.L.E. (2015) began its premiere tour with a people's premiere at the famous Somerset House in London, followed by its world premiere in New York City, then Toronto, and Rio de Janeiro. Cavill reprised his role as Superman in Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice (2016) and Justice League (2017).
Nikolaj Coster-Waldau (born 27 July 1970) is a Danish actor, producer and screenwriter. He graduated from the Danish National School of Theatre in Copenhagen in 1993. Coster-Waldau's breakthrough performance in Denmark was his role in the film Nightwatch (1994). Since then he has appeared in numerous films in his native Scandinavia and Europe in general, including Headhunters (2011) and A Thousand Times Good Night (2013).
In the United States, his debut film role was in the war film Black Hawk Down (2001), playing Medal of Honor recipient Gary Gordon. He then played Detective John Amsterdam in the short-lived Fox television series New Amsterdam (2008), as well as appearing as Frank Pike in the 2009 Fox television film Virtuality, originally intended as a pilot. He became widely known for his role as Jaime Lannister in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones, for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series in 2018. He is a UNDP Goodwill Ambassador, drawing attention to critical issues such as gender equality and climate change.
Coster-Waldau was born in Rudkøbing, Denmark, the son of Hanne Søborg Coster, a librarian, and Jørgen Oscar Fritzer Waldau (died 1998). He has spoken in interviews about his father's problems with alcohol, as well as his parents' divorce. He has two older sisters, and was raised mainly by his mother. He grew up in Tybjerg, a small village between Ringsted and Næstved in southern Zealand. Coster-Waldau was the youngest actor to enter the Danish National School of Theatre and Contemporary Dance (Danish: Statens Teaterskole), where he was educated from 1989 to 1993.
In 2001, he began his U.S. career in Ridley Scott's Black Hawk Down as Medal of Honor recipient Gary Gordon. Coster-Waldau says "My first U.S. movie was Black Hawk Down and a friend helped me put myself on tape up on the attic over my apartment in Copenhagen. We shipped it out and I got lucky."
Since April 2011, Coster-Waldau has played Jaime Lannister in the HBO hit series Game of Thrones, based on George R. R. Martin's best-selling A Song of Ice and Fire fantasy novel series. He commented about the character "What's not to like about Jaime? As an actor I couldn't ask for a better role". For his role as Jaime Lannister he has received several accolades, including Primetime Emmy Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, Critics' Choice Television Award, Saturn Award and People's Choice Award nominations.
In 2011, he also starred alongside Sam Shepard in Mateo Gil's feature Blackthorn, which premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival. Later the same year he starred in Morten Tyldum's Headhunters. The film went on to be the highest-grossing Norwegian film of all-time and received very positive reviews including a BAFTA Award nomination for Best Foreign Film. Coster-Waldau starred in the 2013 horror film Mama alongside Jessica Chastain, which debuted at number one in the US box office and grossed over $140 million worldwide. He went on to play Sykes, a military weapons expert in the science fiction action thriller film Oblivion. The same year he co-starred with Juliette Binoche in Erik Poppe's drama A Thousand Times Good Night. In 2014, he starred in Susanne Bier's Danish thriller A Second Chance as Andreas, a police officer forced to make a difficult choice. In 2016, Coster-Waldau appeared in the action-fantasy film Gods of Egypt as Horus.
In early 2017, he starred in E.L. Katz's dark comedy Small Crimes which premiered at South by Southwest film festival on 11 March 2017, to positive reviews. Coster-Waldau then appeared in the Danish film 3 Things, a thriller about a prime suspect of a bank robbery who negotiates the terms of his witness protection deal. He starred in Roman Waugh's prison film Shot Caller, which premiered at the Los Angeles Film Festival on 16 June 2017. Since January 2018 he has been the L'Oréal Paris global spokesperson for the company's Men Expert line of products. In May 2017, it was announced that he is attached to star in Domino, a film directed by Brian De Palma. He is also set to star in The Silencing, a thriller directed by Anders Engstom.
Although Coster-Waldau is not religious, like the vast majority of Danes, he was baptized and confirmed as a Lutheran in the Danish National Church during his youth and viewed his confirmation as a big moment in his life when he first identified as becoming an adult. He married Nukâka, a Greenlandic actress and singer, in 1998, and they live in Kongens Lyngby with their two daughters as well as two dogs. Their daughter Filippa has starred in a Danish short film, The Girl and the Dogs, which was shown at the Cannes Film Festival in 2014. His father-in-law is Josef Motzfeldt, a member of the Parliament of Greenland and former leader of the Community of the People party. He is a supporter of English football club Leeds United and he is a member of the Leeds United Supporters' Trust.
Michael Fassbender is an Irish actor who was born in Heidelberg, Germany, to a German father, Josef, and an Irish mother, Adele (originally from Larne, County Antrim, in Northern Ireland). Michael was raised in the town of Killarney, Co. Kerry, in south-west Ireland, where his family moved to when he was two years old. His parents ran a restaurant (his father is a chef).
Fassbender is based in London, England, and became known in the U.S. after his role in the Quentin Tarantino's Inglourious Basterds (2009). In 2011, Fassbender debuted as the Marvel antihero Magneto in the prequel X-Men: Erste Entscheidung (2011); he would go on to share the role with Ian McKellen in X-Men: Zukunft ist Vergangenheit (2014). Also in 2011, Fassbender's performance as a sex addict in Shame (2011) received critical acclaim. He won the Volpi Cup for Best Actor at the Venice Film Festival and was nominated for Golden Globe and BAFTA Awards. In 2013, his role as slave owner Edwin Epps in slavery epic 12 Years a Slave (2013) was similarly praised, earning him his first Oscar nomination, for Best Supporting Actor. 12 Years a Slave marked Fassbender's third collaboration with Steve McQueen, who also directed Hunger and Shame. In 2013, Fassbender appeared in another Ridley Scott film, The Counselor (2013). In 2015, he portrayed Steve Jobs (2015) in the Danny Boyle-directed biopic of the same name, and played Macbeth (2015) in Justin Kurzel's adaptation of William Shakespeare's play. For the former, he has received Academy Award, BAFTA, Golden Globe and SAG nominations for Best Actor. As well as acting, Fassbender produced the 2015 western Slow West (2015), which he also starred in.
Eric Bana was born Eric Banadinovic on August 9, 1968, in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He is the younger of two brothers. His father, named Ivan Banadinovic, came from Zagreb, Croatia, and worked as a manager for Caterpillar Inc. His mother, named Eleanor Banadinovic, came from a German family and was a hairdresser.
Young Bana grew up in suburban Melbourne. He was popular among his schoolmates for his talent of making comic impressions of his teachers. At that time, he was fond of Mel Gibson in Mad Max (1979) and also decided to become an actor. He moved to Sydney and worked odd jobs to support himself. In 1991, he began a career as a stand-up comedian, while working as a barman at Melbourne's Castle Hotel. In 1993, Bana made his television debut on Steve Vizard's Tonight Live with Steve Vizard (1990) talk show, then joined the Full Frontal (1993) TV-series. He gained popularity for making impressions of Arnold Schwarzenegger, Sylvester Stallone, Tom Cruse and "Columbo". In 1996, he started his own show titled Eric (1997), then launched a comedy series titled The Eric Bana Show Live (1997). The show was canceled for the lack of substantial audience. However, in 1997, Bana received the Logie Award for "Most Popular Comedian" for his work on The Eric Bana Show Live (1997).
He made his film debut in My Home Is My Castle (1997), in a supporting comic role. That same year, he was cast to portray Mark "Chopper" Read, the notorious Australian underworld figure. For the role, Bana gained 30 pounds, by eating junk food; he also spent a few days with Read in prison, in order to perfect his mimicry. Bana completely transformed himself into a bald, plump, disturbed criminal. He would arrive on the film set at four in the morning, spending several hours in makeup, being tattooed exactly like Read. Chopper (2000) became an international success and won three Australian Film Institute Awards. Bana won the Best Actor at the 2000 Stockholm Film Festival and also the AFI 2000 Best Actor Award. Then he co-starred in Black Hawk Down (2001), then starred in Hulk (2003). In 2002, he was cast as the Trojan Prince Hector in the historical epic Troja (2004), after being recommended by Brad Pitt, who admired Bana for his work in Chopper (2000). In 2005, Bana co-starred with Daniel Craig and Geoffrey Rush in the political drama München (2005) directed by Steven Spielberg.
In 1995, he began dating Rebecca Gleeson, a publicist and daughter of Australian High Court Chief Justice Murray Gleeson. The following year, he was named "Bachelor of the Year" by Cleo magazine, and won a trip for two to the United States. He invited Gleeson, and proposed to her during that romantic trip. In 1997, the two were married; their son, Klaus, was born in 1999, their daughter, Sophia, was born in 2002. He currently resides in Melbourne with his wife and their two children. Bana is a passionate supporter of Australian football. He was appointed Member of the Order of Australia at the 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours for his services to the performing arts and to charitable organisations.
Stylish Rupert James Hector Everett was born on May 29, 1959, in Burnham Deepdale, Norfolk, to Sara (Maclean) and Anthony Michael Everett, a Major in the British Army, who later worked in business. Of royal stock, he is of primarily English, Scottish, and Irish ancestry with a dash of German and Dutch thrown in for good measure.
Everett grew up in privileged circumstances, but the wry, sometimes arrogant intellectual was a rebel from the very beginning. At the age of seven, he was placed into the care of Benedictine monks at Ampleforth College where he trained classically on the piano. He was expelled from the Central School of Speech and Drama in London for clashing with his teachers and instead apprenticed himself at the avant-garde Glasgow Citizen's Theatre in Scotland, performing in such productions as "Don Juan" and "Heartbreak House." He moved from stage to British TV in 1982 with sophisticated appearances on such series as "Strangers" "Play for Today" and "The Agatha Christie Hour" and the more visibly seen mini-series Princess Daisy (1983) and Palast der Winde (1984).
In 1984, Everett filmed a leading gay role in the acclaimed collegiate-themed picture Another Country (1984), which he had performed earlier on stage in 1981. Earning a BAFTA nomination and shooting to international attention, Rupert became one of England's hottest crossover stars. Top patrician roles in quality films came his way such as Dance with a Stranger (1985) opposite Miranda Richardson and Duet for One (1986) starring Julie Andrews and Alan Bates. The rebel went international instead of Hollywood, however, with top-billing in the Aussie feature Was vom Leben übrigbleibt (1986) with Hugo Weaving; the Italian-made Chronik eines angekündigten Todes (1987) and the French drama Tolérance (1989) opposite Ugo Tognazzi.
Again, however, the wickedly sharp and suave actor doused his own star fire by clashing with the press and even his own fans in the late 1980's. In 1989, Everett openly and proudly declared his homosexuality which put an initial damper on his status as a romantic leading man. Appearing sporadically in such featured roles as the Prince of Wales in the majestic drama King George - Ein Königreich für mehr Verstand (1994) and Lord Rutledge in the family comedy Dunston - Allein im Hotel (1996), Rupert's popularity was re-energized after playing Julia Roberts' gay confidante to droll effect in the box-office comedy hit Die Hochzeit meines besten Freundes (1997), earning him both BAFTA and Golden Globe nominations. He continued to impress thereafter, notably in such classical-styled pieces as Shakespeare in Love (1998) (as Christopher Marlowe), Ein Sommernachtstraum (1999) (as Oberon), and the Oscar Wilde plays Ein perfekter Ehemann (1999) (as Lord Goring, Golden Globe nominee) and Ernst sein ist alles (2002) (as Algy). On the lighter, fun side, his predilection for mischief was demonstrated as the cartoonish villain Dr. Claw, the nemesis of Matthew Broderick's title character, in Inspektor Gadget (1999).
Into the millennium, Rupert continued to be a vibrant presence on stage with a tour of "Private Lives" (in Italian) in 2008, a 2009 Broadway revival of "Blithe Spirit" (his New York debut) and as Henry Higgins in Shaw's "Pygmalion" in Munich the following year. He went on to play Oscar Wilde in "The Judas Kiss" in 2013 and was about to play George on Broadway in "Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf?" when the play closed before it officially opened due to the COVID pandemic in 2020. On TV, he played the effortlessly suave Sherlock Holmes in Sherlock Holmes - Der Seidenstrumpfmörder (2004), the Marquis de Feron in the British series Die Musketiere (2014) and Carroll Quinn in a second British series Nur für Erwachsene (2020).
On film, Everett enhanced the royal dramas To Kill a King (2003) and Stage Beauty (2004) as King Charles I and King Charles II, respectively. Known for his aloof handsomeness and often smug, piss-elegant characters, he engagingly portrayed a jet-setter in the contemporary film People (2004); provided the voice of the unprincely Prince Charming in the animated features Shrek 2 - Der tollkühne Held kehrt zurück (2004) and Shrek der Dritte (2007); played a British defector opposite Sharon Stone in the romantic thriller A Different Loyalty (2004); a millionaire playboy involved in a hit-and-run in Geliebte Lügen (2005); an eccentric tycoon in In guten Händen - Oder die Geschichte der Erfindung des Vibrators (2011); King George VI (father of Queen Elizabeth) opposite Emily Watson's Queen Mum in the romantic dramedy A Royal Night - Ein königliches Vergnügen (2015); a monsignor in If I Had a Heart (2013); and tortured gay playwright Oscar Wilde during his last days in The Happy Prince (2018), which he wrote and directed.
A novelist on the sly with Hello, Darling, Are You Working? (1989), Rupert has also published two volumes of memoirs: Red Carpets and Other Banana Skins (2006) and Vanished Years (2012), produced documentaries .
Samuel Henry John Worthington was born August 2, 1976 in Surrey, England. His parents, Jeanne (Martyn) and Ronald Worthington, a power plant employee, moved the family to Australia when he was six months old, and raised him and his sister Lucinda in Warnbro, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia.
Worthington graduated from NIDA (Australia's National Institute of Dramatic Art) in 1998 at the age of 22. He received critical acclaim for his portrayal of "Arthur Wellesley" in his first professional role in the Belvoir Street Theatre production "Judas Kiss" (directed by Neil Armfield). He then went on to work in Australian television on such shows as Water Rats - Die Hafencops (1996) and "Backburner" and then on the American TV show J.A.G. - Im Auftrag der Ehre (1995)'s 100th episode (Boomerang: Part 1).
Worthington made his film debut in the highly acclaimed Australian movie Bootmen (2000), a film about a troop of "tap dogs". Minor roles proceeded in Das Tribunal (2002) and A Matter of Life (2001) before he was cast in another hailed Australian drama, Dirty Deeds (2002), co-starring Toni Collette and John Goodman.
The following year, he starred in yet another Aussie film, opposite David Wenham in Gettin' Square (2003). The director of the film, Jonathan Teplitzky, originally tested actors who were up to 8 years older than the then-27-year-old Worthington. Teplitzky wasn't sure Sam "could convincingly play a tough guy and also have elements of the leading man about him", but in the end Teplitzky decided he was "fantastic", and had "David playing the older, slightly more streetwise accomplice" proclaiming "it worked".
But it wasn't until 2004 that Sam got his big break. He was offered the starring role in Cate Shortland's acclaimed Australian drama Somersault - Wie Parfum in der Luft (2004), opposite Abbie Cornish. The film made a clean sweep of the Australian Film Institute awards in 2004, winning in 13 film categories - the first time this has ever occurred in the award's history. Worthington also won the AFI award for Best Male Actor.
Worthington's career took off internationally when he was cast as Jake Sully in James Cameron's Avatar - Aufbruch nach Pandora (2009) and as Marcus Wright, a cyborg who assists the humans despite their suspicions of him in Terminator: Die Erlösung (2009). Worthington soon became a household name, and starring in high profile films Kampf der Titanen (2010), Eine offene Rechnung (2010), Texas Killing Fields - Schreiendes Land (2011), Ein riskanter Plan (2012), and Zorn der Titanen (2012). Worthington also provided the voice for the Call of Duty: Black Ops video games.
In 2010, Worthington started a production company, Full Clip Productions, with two of his close friends John Schwarz and Michael Schwarz. The company teamed with Radical studios to print two graphic novels Damaged and Patriots.
Gerard James Butler was born in Paisley, Scotland, to Margaret and Edward Butler, a bookmaker. His family is of Irish origin. Gerard spent some of his very early childhood in Montreal, Quebec, but was mostly raised, along with his older brother and sister, in his hometown of Paisley. His parents divorced when he was a child, and he and his siblings were raised primarily by their mother, who later remarried. He had no contact with his father between the ages of two and 16 years old, after which time they became close. His father passed away when Gerard was in his early 20s. Butler went on to attend Glasgow University, where he studied to be a lawyer/solicitor. He was president of the school's law society thanks to his outgoing personality and great social skills.
His acting career began when he was approached in a London coffee shop by actor Steven Berkoff, who later appeared alongside Butler in Attila - Der Hunne (2001), who gave him a role in a stage production of "Coriolanus" (later, Butler played Tullus Aufidius in a big screen Coriolanus (2011). After that, Butler decided to give up law for acting. He was cast as Ewan McGregor's character "Renton" in the stage adaptation of Trainspotting. His film debut was as Billy Connolly's younger brother in Ihre Majestät Mrs. Brown (1997). While filming the movie in Scotland, he was enjoying a picnic with his mother near the River Tay when they heard the shouts of a young boy, who had been swimming with a friend, who was in some trouble. Butler jumped in and saved the young boy from drowning. He received a Certificate of Bravery from the Royal Humane Society. He felt he only did what anyone in the situation would have done.
His film career continued with small roles, first in the "James Bond" movie, Der Morgen stirbt nie (1997), and then Russell Mulcahy's Talos, die Mumie (1998). In 2000, Butler was cast in two breakthrough roles, the first being "Attila the Hun" in the USA Network mini-series, Attila - Der Hunne (2001). The film's producers wanted a known actor to play the part but kept coming back to Butler's screen tests and decided he was their man. He had to lose the thick Scottish accent, but managed well. Around the time "Attila" was being filmed, casting was in progress for Wes Craven's new take on the "Dracula" legacy. Also wanting a known name, Butler wasn't much of a consideration, but his unending tenacity drove him to hounding the producers. Eventually, he sent them a clip of his portrayal of "Attila". Evidently, they saw something because Wes Craven präsentiert Dracula (2000) was cast in the form of Butler. Attila's producers, thinking that his big-screen role might help with their own film's ratings, finished shooting a little early so he could get to work on Wes Craven präsentiert Dracula (2000). Following these two roles, Butler developed quite a fan base, and began appearing on websites and fancasts everywhere.
Since then, he has appeared in Die Herrschaft des Feuers (2002) as "Creedy" and Lara Croft - Tomb Raider: Die Wiege des Lebens (2003) as "Terry Sheridan", alongside Angelina Jolie. The role that garnered him the most attention from both moviegoers and movie makers, alike, was that of "Andre Marek" in the big-screen adaptation of Michael Crichton's novel, Timeline (2003). Butler played an archaeologist who was sent back in time with a team of students to rescue a colleague. Last year, he appeared in Andrew Lloyd Webber's musical, Das Phantom der Oper (2004), playing the title character in the successful adaptation of the stage musical. It was a role that brought him much international attention. Other projects include Lieber Frankie (2004), Das Spiel ihres Lebens (2005) and Beowulf & Grendel (2005).
In 2007, he starred as Spartan "King Leonidas" in the Warner Bros. production 300 (2006), based on the Frank Miller graphic novel, and Spiel mit der Angst (2007), co-starring Pierce Brosnan and Maria Bello, which aired on network TV under the title, "Shattered". He also starred in P.S. Ich Liebe Dich (2007), with Academy Award-winner Hilary Swank.
In 2007, he appeared in Die Insel der Abenteuer (2008) and RocknRolla (2008), and completed the new Mark Neveldine / Brian Taylor film, Gamer (2009). His next films included Die nackte Wahrheit (2009), co-starring Katherine Heigl, which began filming in April 2008, Der Kautions-Cop (2010), Drachenzähmen leicht gemacht (2010), Mavericks (2012) and Olympus Has Fallen - Die Welt in Gefahr (2013). In recent years, he has appeared in films such as Gods of Egypt (2016), Geostorm (2017), Criminal Squad (2018), Keepers - Die Leuchtturmwärter (2018) and Hunter Killer (2018). Butler is related to writer-director Mark Flood.
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Now available to stream and purchase at Naxos
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Learn more about the albums and works by Antony Sher available at Naxos. Buy now or listen for free.
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https://www.psychedelicbabymag.com/2023/02/wet-willie-interview-keep-on-smilin.html
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"Keep On Smilin’" - It's Psychedelic Baby Magazine
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"Klemen Breznikar"
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2023-02-25T12:56:19+00:00
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Independent music magazine, covering alternative, underground, non-commercial and non-mainstream artists in variety of shapes and genres.
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en
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It's Psychedelic Baby Magazine
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https://www.psychedelicbabymag.com/2023/02/wet-willie-interview-keep-on-smilin.html
|
Wet Willie | Interview | “Keep On Smilin’”
Wet Willie is a legendary Southern rock band that released several soulful blues rock albums and had a major hit with ‘Keep On Smilin’ in 1974.
The band, originally called Fox, got together in Mobile, AL, in 1969 behind the powerful vocals and distinctive sax of Jimmy Hall, with his brother Jack Hall on bass and banjo, Rick Hirsch on lead and slide guitars and mandolin, Lewis Ross on drums, and John Anthony (later succeeded by Mike Duke) playing the keyboards. Wet Willie put out several albums on Capricorn Records between 1971 and 1977. Along with a ‘Greatest Hits’ album released on Polydor Records, they also released two more final studio albums on Epic Records.
In 2012, Wet Willie released a new live album ‘Miles of Smiles’ on the Hittin’ The Note Records label. They continue to tour with three original members including original lead singer Jimmy Hall, brother Jack Hall on bass and vocals, sister Donna Hall Foster on vocals, as well as other long time members, drummer T.K. Lively, Ric Seymour on guitar and vocals, Ricky Chancey on guitar and newest member, keyboardist Bobby Mobley.
“Keep on smilin’ through the rain, laughin’ at the pain
Rollin with the changes til the sun comes out again”
It’s really great to have you and I can’t wait until we dive deeper in the history of Wet Willie. Where and when did you grow up? Was music a big part of your family life? Did the local music scene influence you or inspire you to play music?
Rick Hirsch: Thanks, Klemen, for the opportunity.
My parents were first generation Americans with parents of eastern European and Mediterranean ancestry in Atlanta, Georgia, where I was born. I am a “son of the South” as they say. My story begins there, but I was raised during the formative years in Mobile, Alabama and eventually moved on as a young adult to Tuscaloosa, Alabama, where I received my Bachelor’s Degree in science at the University of Alabama, then to Macon, Georgia, and finally Los Angeles, California. I mention these geographical points of reference simply because they each represent a stage of my growth as a musician, songwriter and performer.
My mother, Violet, was a music buff to a degree and her tastes definitely shaped mine in the very early years. My dad, Raymond, a wonderfully kind and warm human being who’s strengths were in the business realm, but was basically tone-deaf. He’d sing to make us laugh. Violet was very much into the pop music of her era, and her tastes veered in the direction of Xavier Cougat and other Latin pop artists of the day. That extended into Sinatra, Garland, Jo Stafford, among a slew of other music contemporaries. There was a bit of “long hair classical” interspersed as well, Beethoven, Ravel, Mozart, Chopin…the usual suspects. She had a Victrola and a fairly nice collection of 78’s that was populated with the aforementioned. I’m quite sure much of that got into my ears as a 3-4 year old. I’m not sure, however, how my mind interpreted what I was hearing, but I do know that I was curious as there are photos with me behind a child’s drum set an aunt had given me. When my parents decided to move to Alabama to start a business is when my real connection to musical things begin in memory.
I was only six, but things were starting to stick. Like hearing Hank Williams’ ‘Jambalaya’ on the car radio. Plus, I had a nanny. When I would come home from school, Annie Jean would have an ironing board set up with a small bakelite radio resting on it so she could listen while she worked. It would be tuned to what they called the “black station” back then, WMOZ. By the way there is a sister station that still exists to this day in NOLA called WWOZ, an iconic roots station. WMOZ is no longer or has morphed into a modern version of itself. Back then though, I heard a constant stream of Muddy Waters, Elmore James, Howlin’ Wolf, B.B. King and many other blues artists who were actually current and playlisted back then.
The one song that stands out among several was ‘Rock Me Baby’ (B.B. King) and the memorable signature guitar riff B.B. played. I didn’t know what I was listening to, but there were these consistent sounds blasting from this tiny speaker. Mainly, B.B. and Elmore (as I later learned) were the ones getting into my head. Interesting point is I had no idea what was making this sound. I just knew I was drawn to it. My perception at that point was visual imagery and shapes simply because I didn’t know about a physical sound source. Of course eventually I discovered it was guitar. They played jazz on this same station, so I was introduced to the gamut of instruments as well as guitar. Regardless of what it was, I had this visualization of these notes in my mind’s eye, and also the intervals happening between the notes.
As I grew up and developed friendships with like minded pals who were into music, I began to expand my musical database. By the time I was ten, a random visit into a soft-serve, groundbreaking for the time, ice cream parlour provided the next major leap for me. As we entered the place, almost as if it was cued up, Ray Charles’ ‘What’d I Say, Pt. 2’ began to blare out of the juke box. You know … the part where there’s this banter going on between Ray and what sounded like a small group of people in a club environment highly charged and engaged by what Ray was getting ready to throw down. And then the pop music game changing call and response that ensued … my life was at that moment forever altered. I may not have known it at that precise moment, but it was profound. It’s hard to explain the joy and exuberance that B-side conjured up in me, but I’m certain I’m not alone.
Donna Hall Foster: Music was always a big part of our lives growing up in the Hall household. Our mother, Mattie LaVera Richardson Hall (Nanny) played piano and sang at her church from an early age and she continued to play piano and sing her whole life, teaching gospel songs and harmonies to all of her 6 children. At the time, we didn’t realize the musical education we were getting. It was the foundation for all of our musical pursuits. We would gather around her piano, usually on Sunday afternoons and practice together. Jack and Jimmy joined the high school band and I was active in the chorus of our high school.
John Anthony: I grew up in Whistler Alabama, a small township next to Mobile, Alabama. I started with piano, then violin, then later guitar and organ. My influence from music was top 40 radio. Then underground FM radio.
When did you begin playing music? What was your first instrument? Who were your major influences?
Jack Hall: I come from a large musical family. I’m the oldest of 6 siblings, three of whom became members of Wet Willie: my brother Jimmy, sister Donna and myself. Our mom, Mama Hall to us and our bandmates, played piano and sang old hymns and popular songs, as we would gather around and sing along. Mom was always our musical muse and influenced us to a large degree.
Jimmy and I joined our middle school band in Mobile, where we grew up. My first instrument was the clarinet, Jimmy played alto sax. So our introduction to music theory was in our middle and high school bands. I later moved to bass clarinet and Jimmy wound up on bassoon, of all things.
I have a vivid memory of one Christmas when Jimmy and I got tiny transistor radios- mine was black, Jimmy’s red I think. I would put mine beside my pillow at night and go to sleep to the songs played on the local AM popular music station. So my earliest musical memories, other than singing around the piano with Mom, were hits from the 50’s and 60’s, when DJ’s could play an eclectic mix of styles from R&B (Wilson Pickett, James Brown, Otis Redding), pop (Elvis Presley, Bobby Darin, Brenda Lee) and even country (Ernest Tubb, Jim Reeves, Loretta Lynn). So my first musical influences came from the songs we heard on the radio, but I gravitated more to the gritty soul and R&B sounds from artists like Chuck Berry, Jerry Lee Lewis, James Brown and Otis Redding.
Rick Hirsch: My first recollections of placing my hands on an instrument are around an old piano that was in a restaurant the family frequented. It was hidden away in a rarely used room I discovered. I was mesmerized by it and would just tinker. My parents sent me to a summer camp where I befriended a kid who had brought an acoustic guitar with him. He made the mistake of showing me two chords, first position E major and first position E minor. He wasn’t all that about it, and it was a good thing because I ended up holding onto it for practically the full month we were there. And I must have played that one chord change E – Emin back and forth more than a thousand times. That started my whining to my parents for a guitar. They ended up buying one for me that had strings that were at least a full centimeter above the fretboard. They didn’t know, and were it not for my friend’s legit guitar, I wouldn’t have known either. It didn’t matter. I would tune it to an open chord without knowing what that was and just bar the frets with one finger and strum. I used to fall asleep with that guitar resting on my chest making random sounds, again not really knowing anything about what I was doing. I then began to figure out how to play simple chords.
Unbeknownst to me at the time, music terminology began to find its way inside my relationship with the guitar. And it wasn’t long before the parental units decided I needed to take lessons which I did from a guy who played in a supper club organ trio. Luke Morris was his name and he was from Texas. I learned a lot from him and especially in the area of chords. He was a jazz guy and knew the guitar very well. I think primarily what I got from him besides chordal knowledge was how to deepen my connection with the guitar and understand what touch means and its importance in playing the guitar effectively. During my years in junior high and high school, I had to take my studies seriously. I did but the guitar was always there as a kind of refuge and an escape. When in high school, I was starting to get pretty good and was part of a high school folk group as the sole accompaniment. I was also backing up a trio of girls and going on small regional tours with them campaigning for a congressional politician, my first paying gig. This was probably much more fascinating than I realized at the time. And by the time my senior year rolled around, I was playing in a local band called the Mark IV. We played at roller skating rinks and high school dances. I was severely bitten by the bug and would play every chance I found.
By the time I arrived at college, I had a decent repertoire of songs I was able to play plus a fair understanding of intermediate guitar skills. Suffice it to say guitar and music in general were well in the mix of my everyday life, but majoring in science with all the labs took up the great majority of my time. I could wax philosophical here but will spare your readers.
My last couple of years in college, I met a local guitar hero. In Tuscaloosa, you could throw a ball blindfolded and hit a great guitarist there were so many. This one fellow was literally legendary and played in Muscle Shoals a lot with that crew. His name was Tippy Armstrong. You asked me who influenced my playing. On a personal level it was definitely Tippy. I would track his local gigs when I could, and he would put up with my endless questions. He could play any style of music convincingly and would do some very obscure tunes on his gigs. I was into Brazilian music by then and he could rip through them as if he was cloning João Gilberto. I bought my first electric guitar from him, whereas in all the bands I’d played with most of the guitars I played were loners. It wasn’t that unusual back then. The guitar Tippy sold me for fifty bucks was a Fender Musicmaster. Wish I still had it. A few years later I found out that Tippy was no longer with us, a great loss to the music community of ‘Bama and to me personally of course.
I’ve had so many influences, both as a guitarist and also as a writer. Personally, it is important to note that my musicality was not strictly blues influenced, nor was it always guitar driven. Eclectic would apply. But back then (’60-70’s) among peers and musicians of comparable age, like everyone, I borrowed from many contemporaries, including Jesse Edwin Davis, Ry Cooder, Mike Bloomfield. And I’d be lying if I didn’t say various sides of Duane Allman and Eric Clapton to a degree. Thing is, all of us young blues dudes from back then were all reaching back to the same pool of older blues musicians like B.B. King, Albert, Freddie, T-Bone Walker, Elmore James, Muddy Waters and all those cats I’m leaving out. We probably leaned into the ones with whom we resonated the most. And Elmore James was for me the greatest blues singer and player from that era. His controlled intensity was on fire. Robert Johnson too, with his immediately recognizable playing and singing. All of the greats had one thing in common and that was a distinct musical personality, a trait that is sorely lacking today. That said, there are so many current incredible young players who are truly leveling up and raising the bar big time.
As it pertains to Wet Willie, we all grew in the context of a band not only as performers but as writers too. With Jimmy Hall as the face of the band and lead vocalist, I kept that in mind when I was writing. It had to be something he could sing comfortably. We never really talked about that, but it was just a natural part of the process. And it worked because although we were influenced by different genres, at the same time, we were listening to a lot of the same music, i.e. Van Morrison, Taj Mahal, et cetera. The first year, we were a cover band and performed much of the music we dug in clubs. This will shape a band in many ways!
Lewis Ross: My first instrument encounter was a single snare drum (but not actually owned by me), which my sister brought home from her school when I was about 8 years old. Not long after that my brother brought a more modern version of a snare drum as he too had taken up snare drum in school. That introduction to those instruments along with the marching cadences of some of the Marching Bands in our Mardi Gras Parades cemented my enthusiasm for learning how to play.
John Anthony: I started piano lessons when I was six years old. At the age of eight, I started violin, and classical organ at the age of fifteen. My teacher thought I was gifted and arranged for me to attend the academy of music in his hometown of Krakow, a prestigious music school in Europe. My parents were of little means, and so ended my hopes of a trip out of town.
What are some of the very first bands you were part of?
Jack Hall: I was rather late getting into playing with other musicians. I got my first guitar at 16, a Kay acoustic, a gift from my parents. Folk music was the rage at the time, so after teaching myself basic chords I would play songs by Peter, Paul and Mary, early Bob Dylan, and the like. Later some high school friends and I put our first bands together, some of which had pretty colorful names like, Edison Birdcage, Tequila Mockingbird, Mrs. O’Leary’s cow and the ill-advised Devil’s Disciples (I think we just liked the alliteration). I played mostly rhythm guitar at first, but had an epiphany at a Chuck Berry concert, where I could hear the bass player well, and decided that’s what I really wanted to play.
Later some college classmates and I had a group called the Pagans, a pretty decent band, who opened for the Animals at one point.
Lewis Ross: The very first high school band was The Fyfth Cykle which played several local and some neighboring county high school dances and private parties and “Local Teen Hutspots.” Then came a band named Carl LaFong which was formed with one of the members of The Fyfth Cykle, Marshall Smith, Wick Larson, Jimmy and Jack Hall and myself. This band played places like Pensacola, Fort Walton, Florida and Lucedale and I believe, Hattiesburg, Mississippi before disbanding.
John Anthony: From the age of 16, I played in three local working bands; The Nomads, The Vanguards, and The Sons of Creation. The latter placed third in the Dick Clarke Battle of the Bands in Raleigh, NC in 1968.
In the twelve grade I received a music scholarship for violin to Springhill College, but getting out of town was still pulling on me, so in 1969 I joined a travelling rock band instead, and moved to Macon, GA. The band turned into southern rock band Wet Willie and they say the rest is history.
What were the circumstances around the Fox formation? The band was assembled by drummer Lewis Ross in the summer of 1969?
Jack Hall: You’re correct in that Lewis Ross was the person who reached out to friends from several Mobile bands. John Anthony on keys, myself on bass, and Ricky Hirsch, who had recently graduated from the University of Alabama, on guitar. Our first jams were at Lewis’s house or John’s, and it was obvious we had natural chemistry from the start. Ricky was probably a bit more advanced musically, and I recall being impressed by his natural B.B .King-like bluesy vibrato. We jammed on old blues and R&B, but found we didn’t have a strong lead singer among the four of us. I said “I think I know somebody who might fit in great.” Jimmy, of course, who had been playing with some of the better cover bands in the area. When asked, Jimmy jumped on board and we became Fox.
Rick Hirsch: The Summer of ’69! After graduating from University of Alberta in January of ’69, I was in Mobile figuring out what I was going to do with my life while spending time with my folks in a family business. I hadn’t met any of the other guys at that point. One day while at work, I received a phone call that turned out to be Lewis Ross who introduced himself mentioning he was a drummer. Said he’d heard about me through some friends and asked if I’d be interested in going down to Panama City to play a gig for a couple of weeks (paraphrasing here.) My immediate response was sure, but I needed to make sure my absence wasn’t going to cause a problem at work. All was fine, and he asked me to come jam (we used that word instead of “rehearsal” back then) at a house in Whistler that weekend. To say I was limited in my equipment would be the understatement of the century. All I had was my Musicmaster guitar (the same one I bought from Tippy), no case, no amp and a piece of rope for a guitar strap. When I arrived I think everyone else was there. It turned out to be keyboardist John Anthony’s parents’ home. John was the youngest member but probably the most studied of any of us. He played violin in his school’s symphony but could play anything he put his hands on. His father (and mother) were highly supportive of his music endeavors and exceptionally kind to us from the outset. When I walked in we went into a small music room his father had added on to their house. John knew I didn’t have an amp and he had set up a speaker cabinet his dad made face down on the floor to mitigate the volume and a Bandmaster amp. Wow. That little rig screamed. Anyway after the introductions, we started spitballing songs around that everyone might know. And the first one was a blues from The Electric Flag’s first LP written by Buddy Miles titled ‘Texas’. It starts out with a simple drum pickup which Lewis knew, and into this Cmin/maj/B7 downbeat that was as blue as blue gets. Everybody landed on it right on time, Jimmy ripped that first line (“I just got in from Texas, baby… you didn’t even know I was around…”), and we were off to the races. I looked up and the room was fully tie-dyed and electrified. This is one of the most vivid memories I have. That song within a couple of years eventually morphed into Wet Willie’s own C-blues, ‘Macon Georgia Greezy Hambone Blues’. At the jam, we went on to flesh out what we could pull off at a gig. That included a slew of Cream songs, Taj Mahal, Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, Albert King, B.B. King, Van Morrison, even The Beatles. Funny when I think back, because it was as if we’d all arrived prepared just by having played so many of the same songs.
Lewis Ross: As I mentioned Carl LaFong had broken up and I was without a band. So the search was on for me to find or create another band to play with. I looked around for a few weeks to find something I wanted to do but all the bands I talked with were working or about to record. It then became apparent that maybe I should try assembling a band. I started to approach players that I had seen perform and thought were the players to enlist. John Anthony (keyboards and guitar) was first on my list. I went to a couple of his shows and brought up the idea of putting a band together. After second visits with John he agreed. Now to the player I had not heard. The lead guitar player in Carl LaFong (Wick Larson) had told me about a guitar player that he knew, and said “He was very good.” Now this was the exception to my organization plan, I had not heard him play. To keep things moving, after a couple of meetings with John, I decided to call Rick Hirsch and from that came the now infamous words “You don’t know me but I’m calling to see if you wanted to join a band I am putting together.” From that, he agreed to come to a jam session. So now is when I actually called Jack (Jack Hall) and all the players were in place if he was still interested as I had talked to Jack previously and told him what I wanted to do.
Jack and Jimmy had already found work with a band called Mrs. O’Leary’s Cow. He did not agree to join, but he did agree to come to a jam session also. That left Jimmy Hall and as I mentioned he and Jack were already playing in Mrs. O’Leary’s Cow and that band had won a contest to record in New York and Jimmy wanted to do that.
We did not have a singer the first couple of times the players got together I talked with John about the singer situation and he agreed to talk with the singer of The Sons of Creation (George Mills) (John’s previous band) to see what he thought, George as it turns out was noncommittal. I then went back to the pursuit Jimmy after three or so tries he agreed to come jam. That first jam session was magic!!! We all were overjoyed! After a couple of meetings we decided on the name Fox.
John Anthony: Lewis Ross and I started looking for like minded mates to play underground FM after I left “Sons of Creation” in the later part of 1968.
Tell me who was in the Fox lineup?
Jack Hall: Our initial Fox repertoire was very eclectic. From heavy rock (Led Zeppelin, Cream), blues (Taj Mahal, Robert Johnson, Jimmy Reed) and R&B (James Brown, Wilson Pickett). Jimmy could sing just about any genre, with a very impressive range, so folks were impressed with our wide ranging song selections.
Rick Hirsch: It was John Anthony (keyboard), Jack Hall (bass), Jimmy Hall (vocals, sax, harp), Rick Hirsch (guitar) and Lewis Ross (drums).
Lewis Ross: Jimmy Hall (lead vocals, harmonica and saxophone), Rick Hirsch (lead guitar), John Anthony (keyboards, guitar), Jack Hall (bass guitar), Lewis Ross (drums). Later Donna Hall (vocals) and Ella Avery (vocals).
I’m guessing you were influenced by a lot of great Blues and Blues Rock artists of the time, would you like to share some names.
Jack Hall: Personally, as far as bass players, I had a wide range of influences, from Paul McCartney, John Paul Jones, and other British bassists, to David Hood, Duck Dunne, Chuck Rainy and other great R&B bassists.
Rick Hirsch: Klemen, I think I may have addressed a few of these above. But I’ve left out some major players. Musically influenced by so many! I guess I literally binged on Ray Charles as mentioned. Curtis Mayfield was way up there (‘Superfly,’ The Impressions). Marvin Gaye. James Brown. Donny Hathaway, Cornell Dupree, Richard Tee… My penchant for Brazilian music was major too, like very early Sergio Mendes, Astrud Gilberto, Tom Jobim, João Gilberto, Rosalinha Valencia … Lots of jazz figures in there too like Bill Evans, Pat Martino, more modern and avant garde like Miles Davis, John Coltrane, then later with Weather Report and Wayne Shorter, Joe Zawinul, with all its variations. Herbie Hancock (can’t say Wayne without mentioning Herbie), Eddie Harris, Les McCann, Idris Muhammad … And various producers but mainly Arif Mardin, Tom Dowd, Henry Lewy, Russ Titelman, Lenny Waronker, Tommy Lipuma, Stuart Levine … worked with several of them and admired all. I can’t leave out the sax players although Eddie Harris and Wayne Shorter are already mentioned, Hank Crawford is huge … Fathead Newman … all those cats that played with Ray.
Lewis Ross: I was influenced by Elmore James, Mike Bloomfield, Willie Dixon, John Mayall, Muddy Waters, Taj Mahal, Little Walter, John Hammond, James Cotton, Albert King.
What was the scene like in Mobile, Alabama? Were there any clubs that you played as Fox?
Jack Hall: As the folky era led to the hippie scene, most Mobile musicians evolved along those lines. Lots of psychedelic influenced bands, musically and sartorially. We began to dress and look the part. There were several really good groups along the Gulf coast, from Pensacola, FL to New Orleans and bigger cities like Birmingham. There was one club in Mobile where we played a good bit, but after all this time, the name escapes me. Hopefully some of the other Wet Willie folks can fill in the blanks.
But one funky joint, Johnny’s Smokehouse, just across the Alabama Mississippi line as I recall, really stands out in my mind. As our reputation began to spread along the coast, Fox began to draw bigger and bigger crowds. It was at Johnny’s Smokehouse, with a huge raucous crowd that I first realized we had something very special.
Rick Hirsch: Not many. Mobile at that point had The Stork Club, The Dixie Club, The Harlem Duke Social Club (primarily a black club and even more iconic). Most of our club dates were out of town … Carolinas, Arkansas, Florida.
Lewis Ross: There were only a few places that we could play back in those days. Because of this we started playing in the City’s Municipal Park, which was referred to by everyone as Municipal Park. Once we started the event (by simply setting up and playing) we did not miss a Sunday for quite some time except for major weather events (hurricanes) for quite some time, at least 7 months, but we were not alone not very many bands could find work so the roster of performers grew and so did the crowds.
John Anthony: There were no clubs in Mobile, Alabama that were interested in booking our “long haired hippie music” but a funny story to amplify that, was a month or two after we started playing free shows in Municipal Park we were booked to play a family restaurant in Fairhope, AL. I think there were some young girls that wanted us to play at their fathers place. Well one of the young ladies dressed up like a “go-go dancer” as they were called in the 60’s and when the father came into his restaurant and saw us hippie types and how we were influencing his daughte r…He threw us out on our ears … so much for our first paycheck.
Do you recall the instruments, amplifiers, et cetera you had very early on?
Jack Hall: I had played several different basses before and up to The Fox years. My first memory is a Gibson EB-0, red with a single humbucker pickup. Later I found a rare Hofner solid body bass, in a pawn shop I believe, with a vinyl covered body, black with gold scrollwork design. This probably was the bass I played at the inception of the band, but unfortunately it was stolen from Capricorn studios as we recorded our first album. Then I acquired my number one favorite for years, a 1962 Fender Precision, bought from a local Macon musician for a ridiculously low price. But, again, my heart was broken when it too was stolen from a friend’s car in Atlanta. Our fourth album, ’Keep On Smilin’,’ was recorded with an Ampeg Dan Armstrong bass, with a clear Plexiglas body. It sounded great in the studio and I played it on tour for several years. I wish I still had it.
I went through a series of amps too; one of my earliest was an Ampeg B-15, which I wish I still had. Then a Standell amp with two 15 inch speakers. Also I had a Kustom rig with the iconic roll and tuck covering. I can’t recall what type of amp I had at the start of Wet Willie, but it wasn’t a big expensive rig. Over the years my rigs got bigger and more complicated, to the point when only our roadies knew how to set them up.
Rick Hirsch: My first “real” acoustic guitar in my teens was made by a company named Gagliano. It was equivalent to any jumbo acoustics you see around today. No longer in my possession. The first electric guitar I actually owned as opposed to being a loaner was the early ’60’s Fender MusicMaster mentioned above, a metallic teal color (Daphne?). Early on I somehow ended up with a Silvertone amp 2×12 combo in high school, maybe have been a loaner. When Fox was on the road, I played through one of John Anthony’s amps, a Fender Dual Showman head with the large cabinet that came with it. I had also picked up a Gibson LG0 acoustic somewhere along the way and traded it for a strange looking Gibson hollow body that looked much like a Les Paul in size and shape.
I later traded the Music Master for a ’65 Gibson SG, a great guitar but the sentimental value of that Music Master is priceless. I’ve regretted every time I’ve sold a guitar. The SG was with me during the first couple of Wet Willie tours until someone decided I didn’t need an SG and permanently borrowed it and a 1970 Les Paul Deluxe that I’d picked up. My amp scene began to change and I started using two Ampeg V4’s through four 4×12 Marshall cabinets. We were in the beginning stages of playing some arena type shows and the extra horsepower helped.
Lewis Ross: Yes, of course I wanted a “Ringo” Ludwig Set back in those days, after seeing The Beatles on TV, but when I finally convinced my mother to co-sign for me to be able to get a drum set, the “Ringo” kit had been sold when we actually arrived at the music store so my only choice was a gold satin swirl Gretsch 3pc drum set. There were more pieces added from my aunt’s and my mother and myself. I kept, and played that kit till 1971.
John Anthony: Farfisa organ (red), Vox organ, Silvertone guitar (from Sears and Roebuck), Fender Bassman amp, Fender Showman amp, Vox Super Beatle amp, Horner pianette tenor sax (that Jimmy ended up with) a Horner clavinette and tons of other think that got sold or stolen or broke!
Is there any chance to hear the demo recording of Fox? What were the songs you recorded?
Jack Hall: We did record a few songs in Mobile before moving to Macon and becoming Wet Willie, but I doubt any of those recordings still exist. A local songwriter, Milton Brown, asked us to record a few of his tunes, one of which, ‘Sugar Free Woman,’ comes to mind. And though my memory is spotty about demos we did as Wet Willie before our first Capricorn album, there may be some early recordings still in the vaults at Capricorn.
Rick Hirsch: We went into a few studios as Fox. Not many. Most notable was Malaco in Jackson, Mississippi owned by Wolf Stephenson, one of those legendary guys. They were starting to cook and had a few hits. A couple of friends here who were connected to Malaco took us there and we tracked one of the first originals we had as a band, a song I wrote entitled ’Rock and Roll Band’. The version we cut later at Capricorn ended up on the first Wet Willie LP. We cut some other things in Mobile at a tiny upstairs studio that these same friends had to demo their songs which we helped them with. But the very first recording Fox tracked was in a practically de-constructed studio some guy was trying to put together in downtown Mobile. I’m talking about exposed wall studs and beams! We cut Curtis Mayfield’s ’People Get Ready,’ probably the Impression’s arrangement, and I may still have the cassette.
Lewis Ross: I am not sure what this is in reference to but early on Fox recorded ‘People Get Ready’ at Channel One Productions.
Did you have a plan to move to Macon, Georgia because Capricorn Records was based there and you were hoping they could sign the band?
Jack Hall: Basically, yes we were motivated to move the band to Macon when we heard that The Allman Brothers and Capricorn Records were based there. As Fox was gaining a reputation in Mobile and along the Gulf coast, Ricky Hirsch got a call from Frank Friedman, a fraternity brother from the University of Alabama. Frank, a singer-songwriter and guitarist, had moved to Macon from north Alabama to seek a deal with Capricorn, along with several other talented Alabama musicians. They tried putting a band together and even started doing live gigs, I believe, but when that effort didn’t pan out, Frank contacted Ricky, suggesting that we, Fox, join him in Macon as a six piece band.
Rick Hirsch: We were of course aware of the Macon music scene and Capricorn just by the sheer immense blow up of The Allman Brothers Band. That band put Macon on the map as they say. We’d been to see them at the Warehouse in New Orleans, LA., and were blown away. But we didn’t have a plan to move to Macon and attempt to be signed or anything like that. Not until a college friend of mine, Frank Friedman, who had seen us play in Tuscaloosa at some point, and who had already moved to Macon, called me one day and suggested we come there and audition for Capricorn Records.
Donna Hall Foster: In 1969, Jack and Jimmy left Mobile to move to Macon, GA because they had heard of the budding music scene there due to Capricorn Records. I was still in high school but when I graduated in 1970, I moved there as well. I got a job at Capricorn Records working for Mike Hyland in the publicity department, putting together press packets and press releases for various acts. Also was busy in the studio, adding harmonies and backing vocals on albums by Wet Willie, Cowboy, Marshall Tucker and Kitty Wells.
Lewis Ross: We seized the opportunity to travel to Macon when the situation presented itself. Once presented with the fact that there was interest in the band by Capricorn, naturally we were hoping to get signed.
Do you recall how you got the contract and what led to the name change? On that note, there must be a story about how you got the name “Wet Willie.”
Jack Hall: We decided to give it a try and went to Macon initially to determine if we could put enough songs together for an album. Frank was fairly prolific and had some good material, so with his songs and a few we’d been playing, we auditioned for several Capricorn label executives in a rehearsal space adjacent to Capricorn studios. I recall Frank Fenter, VP of the label, listening to us and, apparently favourably impressed, said “Come to the office Monday (or whatever day it was) and we’ll sign you to Capricorn”. We were ecstatic, of course. Our recording and touring career had begun. But when we met to sign the contracts we were told “Just sign the agreement, it’s a standard contract.” Without legal counsel and being quite naive, we didn’t realize there’s no such thing as a ”standard contract.” We were too excited to be concerned about such legalities then. We were bona fide recording artists!
The label did a name search and found that Fox had been taken, so we had to change it. I have a clear memory of Frank Fenter, Capricorn VP, suggesting with a wink and sly grin “Why don’t you call yourselves Wet Willie?” We were so pumped up about getting signed that we didn’t argue, and settled on that name.
We knew the term ”wet willie” as a prank where you would wet your finger and stick it in someone’s ear. I guess we thought “Cool, we take our music and stick it in your ear.” But later, when we flew to London to work on our first Epic album, we were puzzled by the chuckles coming from the baggage handlers when they saw “Wet Willie” stencilled on our guitar cases. When we asked about it they said “Don’t you know what it means for a guy to get his willie wet mate?” Live and learn I guess.
Rick Hirsch: OK, this is where it gets a little complicated. Frank was a guitarist and songwriter, and had some good songs, four of which are on the first Wet Willie album we recorded. His songwriting was a bit more evolved than any of us at that point and in my opinion. He asked straight up if he could be part of our band, and he could put the Capricorn audition together as he was basically scheduled to record an album there with his group which was named Wet Willie! (read that again…). There was apparently an issue with getting that version of Wet Willie together and on the same page. So this is actually the way we inherited the name Wet Willie. Backing up, we loaded up John’s van and a U-haul trailer with our gear and headed up to Macon. We stayed with Frank at an apartment he had I think. Within a couple of days we set up in an old warehouse that Capricorn had taken over on the same block as the recording studio. This place was full of boxes and crates and had a bare lightbulb hanging from the ceiling with a few outlets around we could plug into. We went in at night and were joined by the A&R executive from Capricorn, Frank Fenter, a South African who has an amazing story, but briefly he’d moved to Macon from England where he was in charge of Atlantic Records UK operation. We played several songs, mostly originals, both Frank Friedman’s and ours. By the end of it, Frank said simply, “come in Monday and we’ll sign the paperwork…” I think at the Monday meeting they asked us to assume the name Wet Willie. I wasn’t aware at the time that there was another group with the name. Frank Fenter said in his South African brogue something to the effect of, “you know…cock rock!,” motioning with his arm and fist for emphasis. That was their perception of Fox and when I see some of our photographs from back then, I guess I understand. But I was a little disappointed that we had to abandon Fox. I think someone said there was another band called Fox anyway, and we didn’t want to have to go to court over it. But I’m pretty sure other than the aforementioned, there was no band called Wet Willie anywhere, ever. And it is a name that is impossible to forget, so … voila.
Phil Walden and Capricorn Records rented a large house on Georgia Ave in Macon expressly for Wet Willie. We flipped coins for dibs on rooms and moved in. It is still there with a historical plaque in front that says The Wet Willie House. Wow. If those walls could talk …
Lewis Ross: Yes. We had a gig set up at the Clubhouse of an apartment complex in Macon, and were made aware that a representative from Capricorn would be in attendance. There we met Frank Fentor, VP of Capricorn. I believe Phil Walden was there also, but Frank stated that he would come to a rehearsal and listen to us again. I was really excited to have the opportunity, and at that rehearsal in a warehouse that The Allman Brothers had also used as rehearsal space, we were told that we indeed had been accepted as an artist for Capricorn. They wanted us to come by “The Office” (535 Cotton Avenue) and we would commence the contract signing. After a short time, I think we had already started recording songs for our first album, and we were informed that we would need to change the band’s name. There was already a band named Foxx and the record company did not want any confusion at the record bin over the name. The band that went to Macon to finish their contractual obligations, was mentioned as a possibility and Frank Fentor said something like, ”you guys are from the coast, why don’t we call the band Wet Willie.” And of course there is the other connotation that is the saliva-soaked finger stuck in someone’s ear.
John Anthony: The record company changed our name. Rick Hirsch had a friend in Macon he went to college with, who had a band named the “Willie Band” In that band was Chuck Level, who went on to play (piano) with The Allman Bros. and The Rolling Stones. The bassist was Charlie Hayward who played for 40 something years with Charlie Daniels band. But they busted up and he was left with a record deal and no band! So he called Rick Hirsch and away we went.
How did you first get in touch with Frank Friedman?
Jack Hall: I recall Frank Friedman and some of his Alabama musician friends used ”Willie” at one point, but it seems that Ricky Hirsch said they also went by ‘Wet Willie’ as well.
Lewis Ross: It was actually the other way around. Frank called Ricky at a time when Rick, Jimmy and Jack were living together at The Dauphine Apartments. An Apartment Complex that Jimmy and Jack’s mom was the manager of. Frank called Ricky to see if he would be interested in coming to Macon to help complete the formation of a new band to complete the contractual obligations of a band that Frank had named Willie. Rick’s response was that he did not want to leave the “good thing” he was involved in down in Mobile but, he thought we could all come up to Macon and do it. So at that point Rick called me in Gainesville, Florida to ask me the question, ”Do you want to be in this band or what?” I of course responded “Yes I do” I had taken a pick up gig with a band I had been playing with in Mobile. As a matter of fact Fox played the club where I was playing with the other band, we did a set and pretty much won a lot of hearts over with our raucous playing.
What was the name of his band that he tried to sign to Capricorn Records?
Rick Hirsch: “Wet Willie!”
There wasn’t long until you played as an opening act to The Allman Brothers Band in 1971. Tell us about those early gigs and with who else did you perform?
Jack Hall: Since we shared the same label and manager, Phil Walden, it made sense for us to open for The Allman Brothers early on. As the original southern rock band, The Allmans were consummate musicians and we were in awe of them from the start. But they and their crew were very welcoming and accommodating to this young upstart band from Mobile. They were starting to hit their stride when our first album came out, so their audiences were boisterous and energetic, and welcomed us warmly as well.
We toured almost constantly during the Capricorn years and joked that we opened for everyone from A to Z, The Allman Brothers to ZZ Top. Most of our gigs were with other southern rock groups, including The Allmans, of course, as well as Charlie Daniels, Marshall Tucker and Lynyrd Skynyrd. Our first coast to coast tour was with Grand Funk Railroad in 1974, as ‘Keep On Smilin’’ climbed the charts. We were thrilled to hear our song on the radio in far off cities like Portland and Seattle.
Rick Hirsch: Right. Well can you imagine what it was like for us? In the course of just a few short months going from a handful of club dates to landing a recording contract, recording an album for the same label as Allman Brothers Band? It came so fast that I’m not sure how we kept up that pace. The energy of youth is astounding. During the Capricorn years, we toured with The Allmans, Grand Funk Railroad, ZZ Top, Beck, Bogert & Appice, Ike & Tina Turner, REO Speedwagon, Aerosmith, Humble Pie, Wishbone Ash, Lynyrd Skynyrd, Bachman–Turner Overdrive, The Guess Who, and just about any seventies touring band you can name. We either toured or shared bills with all of them.
John Anthony: I’ll tell you how we first met The Allman Brothers Band and it’s kind of funny. We were just a few months into working for Capricorn when the booking agents called and said they had us on the show with The Brothers in Jacksonville FL. We were in Tallahassee, FL. and we’re to drive that night after our show to Jacksonville. We got there around 10:30 in the morning after driving all night and we looked and felt terrible. So we dragged ourselves out of the van and into this beautiful hotel on the water where the other bands were staying. We went up to the front desk and said, ”We’re with the Allman Brothers.” They looked us up and down and said, “Okay, here’s your room keys.” We were only in the rooms for a couple of minutes when the phone rang. I answered and in a young cocky voice said, “Goat Records,” the voice asked who is this? I said “John Anthony with Wet Willie.” The voice said, “Well, this is Duane Allman and your little asses are in our rooms! Get out now!” This was their homecoming gig and the press and radio stations and groupies were all in the lobby. The elevator opened, and everyone was looking at us. How embarrassing!!! But after a couple of months playing with them they warmed up to us.
How was the band accepted by the audience?
Jack Hall: My recollection is that, except for rare cases, we were well received by audiences in most cities and venues, especially after our albums and singles were released and were heard on local radio stations. Of course our best reception was in southern cities.
Rick Hirsch: We had our markets like everyone else. I think we were pretty well embraced wherever we played, but of course especially in the southern states. I only remember one not so great experience at a college in New York where we were opening for The Allmans. Those people were there for one thing and they were not subtle in letting us know!
Donna Hall Foster: As Wet Willie’s popularity grew, The Williettes were born to help flesh out their sound. Me and Ella Brown Avery toured with them for several years. She eventually left the band because she had a young son at home that she wanted to be with. So, Elkie Brooks was tapped to be her successor by the execs at Capricorn to take her place. She toured with us for a short time and even came to Mobile to visit us at our home. She was a dynamic performer and fit in quite well. She returned to England and Leslie Hawkins took her place. Such a sweet beautiful petite girl with a big voice. We all loved Leslie!
Some time in 1975 Wet Willie decided to take some time off and regroup.
What are some of the strongest memories from writing and recording songs for your debut album?
Jack Hall: Four of the 10 songs on our first album were written by Frank Friedman. ’Spinning Round,’ ’Faded Love,’ ’Beggar Song’ and ’Fool On You’. Ricky Hirsch also had four: ’Have a Good Time,’ ’Low Rider,’ ’Rock And Roll Band’ and ’Pieces’. John Anthony contributed one, ’Dirty Leg,’ and we included one cover: Jimmy Reed’s ‘Shame, Shame, Shame’.
The band wasn’t very prolific, since we toured almost constantly and had little time to work on new material. But we worked on these arrangements in our rehearsal space, a process that went smoothly, as I recall, and working up arrangements of Friedman’s songs didn’t present significant issues either. Our high octane version of ’Shame, Shame Shame’ went over well with audiences and became a staple in our set lists for many years. I don’t recall the number of hours spent recording, but I’m sure it took a bit longer to get satisfactory takes since we were so inexperienced in the studio and the recording process.
Rick Hirsch: To be honest, I’m not sure how ready or prepared we were to go into a recording studio. The record company wanted whoever produced us to capture as close to a live sound as possible. On our end that wasn’t a tough thing to do… we only had to be ourselves. But we weren’t as polished as a recording band, not that polished was going to translate into raw. But you still had to have at least some finesse. After going through a few producers, Frank Fenter called in a guy he’d used in London who produced Yes and I think Heads, Hands and Feet, named Eddie Offord. I’m not sure he was the right call, again my own candid opinion. A Glyn Johns clone is what we needed. From a guitarist point of view, I know my sound was not as raw as I would have preferred, i.e. overdriven saturated. Regardless, it wasn’t bad for a first LP and a young band. By the time we started recording, we’d parted ways with Frank Friedman, but we still recorded a few of his songs, I’m glad to say. I do not remember the details of his leaving.
My strongest memories of recording that first album mainly center around going into the control room after laying down a track and listening to what we’d done. That was a magical feeling. Keeping in mind we recorded literally on the first console they had which was hand built by Jim Hawkins, chief engineer and all round great and brilliant dude, an eight track machine, and some authentic analog outboard equipment.
Listening to what we were doing basically under a microscope and for the first time was both thrilling and at times terrifying! I guess most bands jump that hurdle initially. If we had it to do over again, my wish would be that we’d been a good bit looser in those early sessions. More hell with it and not quite as polite.
What kind of equipment did you use and who was the producer? How many hours did you spend in the studio?
Jack Hall: My memories about specific equipment aren’t very clear. This is my default reply, when I can’t recall certain details. We probably used our touring equipment for the most part, amps, guitars et cetera. I probably used my ’62 Fender Precision bass, plugged straight into the board. As I mentioned, the Hofner solid body bass had been stolen from the studio.
Initially Paul Hornsby was slated to produce this record. Paul was a Capricorn staff producer and pianist, but the band had artistic differences with him and he graciously stepped aside. So Capricorn staff, probably Frank Fenter, suggested Eddie Offord, a British producer with an impressive resume. The recording process went well with him as I recall, he had lots of experience with techniques like multi-tracking vocals and overdubbing harmonies and instrumental parts.
My equipment was essentially my ’70 Les Paul Deluxe and a Fender Twin amp the studio had as I recall. And a ’65 Gibson J45 acoustic. I don’t think I’d started playing bottleneck at that point. No effects, straight into the amp, but they would take a direct feed off of my guitar signal and record that by itself. I played the mandolin on a track.
The cover artwork is fantastic. Do you recall the name of the artist?
Jack Hall: We really got lucky with the art on this album cover. Flournoy Holmes, with the Athens Art Co-op/ Wonder Graphics, did the amazing artwork, relying on his varied interpretations of the band’s name. The most familiar connotation of “Wet Willie,” the wet finger in the ear, became the front cover. Flournoy went on to design many more iconic covers, including ‘Eat a Peach’ for the The Allman Brothers.
Rick Hirsch: An avant-garde artist named Flournoy Holmes from Athens if my memory serves me right. He’s received many accolades for his work, and I think he’s probably influenced a few people.
What sort of venues did you play? Where were they located?
Jack Hall: At first we played mainly in the southern states, mostly clubs and small concert venues. Again, my default reply, I don’t recall many specifics, but cities like New Orleans, Atlanta and Panama City come to mind as locations where we seemed to do well. Piedmont Park in Atlanta, Macon’s City Park and Tipitina’s in New Orleans stand out to me. As our reputation grew and we released more albums, our reputation naturally grew apace and we toured farther from home.
Rick Hirsch: Everything from topless bars to convert movie theaters to 50,000 seat stadiums … We played Carnegie Hall, Madison Square Garden, Cobo Hall (Detroit), Superdome (New Orleans, which we were the first band to hit a note there), Tampa Stadium, Jai Lea Florida, Willie Nelson’s Club (Dallas, I think. It was probably his first), Forum (Los Angeles), Whisky a Go Go (West Hollywood, CA), several Paramount theaters, and of course the iconic Pink Pussycat (Fayetteville, NC), and every state in the contiguous United States. I’m sure I have a few tour schedules hanging out somewhere around here I could look at.
Did the size of audiences increase following the release of your debut?
Jack Hall: Naturally, as our albums were released and our reputation grew, so did the size and enthusiasm of the crowds. And as we started opening for The Allmans, Charlie Daniels, Lynyrd Skynyrd and other SoRock (southern rock) bands, the audiences started to grow exponentially.
Rick Hirsch: Absolutely!
On your second album you have a twin guitar with Wick Larsen, was he a local friend from your hometown? Was he in any other bands or how did he join you?
Jack Hall: Hardwick (Wick) Larsen was a friend from the Mobile area, a very talented musician, well known to many local players. He had been a student at the University of South Alabama at the time Jimmy and I attended. I don’t recall why he wasn’t invited to join the band early on, but at some point between our first and second records, we asked him to come on board. He added nice guitar touches and contributed ‘Shaggi’s Song,’ a very poignant tribute to a former girlfriend.
Rick Hirsch: Wick Larsen was a schoolmate in junior high (middle school) and a neighborhood pal. We grew up terrorizing the neighborhood on bicycles and exploring like kids do. After high school we lost touch with each other with my going off to college. He moved to California I think. Neither of us really played guitar together in those days, oddly enough. But we were pretty tight as friends. When I came back to Mobile and discovered he’d jumped off into guitar and had become a great player, I was totally surprised! I think Jimmy and Jack had a band with him somewhere along the way. We added Wick to flesh out the band’s sound a bit. It was a cool experience being able to relate to each other as musicians after having all that time as kids. He was a deep cat and as all of us had his share of demons. I wish he’d have stuck around a little longer.
And Frank Friedman left the band or?
Jack Hall: Since Frank and Rick Hirsch had been frat brothers at the University of Alabama, I imagine Ricky can recall more specifics about Frank leaving Wet Willie. But as I recall, we had artistic differences as to the direction the band wanted to go and about the producer of the first album. I think Frank was more committed to Hornsby and sometime after the album was released, decided to go his own way. This led to the band asking Wick Larsen to join for ‘Wet Willie II’.
At the time the second album was recorded Capricorn was being renovated, so you basically used a few different studios? Was that annoying or it didn’t matter that much?
Jack Hall: When Wet Willie was scheduled to do our second album, Capricorn studios was undergoing a major renovation. So it was a natural choice to record in Muscle Shoals, at the famous Muscle Shoals Sound studio. According to the album credits, some work was also done at Capricorn, probably editing and mixing. I don’t remember it as particularly annoying to work in Muscle Shoals. We just set up camp at a local motel and got to work.
‘Wet Willie II’ was also produced by Eddie Offord. We had gotten comfortable working with him on the first record, and he produced all but two songs on this album, ‘Keep a Knockin’ and ‘Grits Ain’t Groceries,’ produced by Johnny Sandlin. ”Grits Ain’t Groceries’ also became one of our most well received live performance songs. In fact, four of the nine songs on the album were R&B and blues covers that went over well with audiences, including ‘Red Hot Chicken’ a band collaboration, based on a guitar riff Rick Hirsch may have ”borrowed” from Wilson Pickett’s ‘Ninety-Nine and One-Half (Won’t Do)’.
Rick Hirsch: That was an unexpectedly pleasurable inconvenience! We headed to Muscle Shoals to finish recording ‘Wet Willie II’ and checked into the now legendary Muscle Shoals Sound studio on Jackson Highway. I remember meeting Jimmy Johnson who was the original Swamper rhythm section guitarist who’d stopped by to check out our session. We were tracking an instrumental nod to La Carousel, a funky late night food joint in Macon titled Red Hot Chicken, when he walked in. He was hospitable and encouraging. I had the great pleasure of running into Jimmy several times over the last few years and gratefully had a chance to record him before he left us. He was a great pleasure to be around and is missed by many.
As far as the sessions, most of the second LP was tracked at Muscle Shoals Sound with Eddie Offord again producing except for a couple of tracks we cut at Capricorn which were produced by Johnny Sandlin. The difference between Eddie and Johnny was mostly to do with Eddie being a producer more so during the mix phase of recording and Johnny being very hands on during tracking and having a great sense of getting the rhythm tracks lined up for the best outcome. Eddie mic’d us up using his mic technique, left us to our own devices and then sorted everything out later. He would implement a skill set that I presume he built up while recording all those British groups. By the way, both Eddie and Johnny were highly gifted engineers.
Please share your recollections of the sessions. What were the influences and inspirations for the songs recorded?
Rick Hirsch: The best two word description of Wet Willie’s music I’ve heard is “soul-rock,” possibly a direct connection to much of the R&B music we’d grown up with all our lives. Jimmy’s vocal style dictated a lot of the direction we could go musically, and I think we took advantage of that either consciously or subconsciously. This is germaine to what separates Wet Willie from the “southern rock” genre in my opinion. There are other musical elements that make up the band’s personality, but mainly having Jimmy as a vocalist was always a consideration whenever I wrote a song for the band.
Wet Willie’s evolution and growth from the first LP to the last is evident with each subsequent album; and personally I attribute that to our individual tastes as fans and to the eclectic music we listened to. I was getting into a lot of instrumental music from different eras but also modern or progressive R&B. Bill Withers, Curtis Mayfield, Marvin Gaye among others. And as a guitarist, I think I resonated with a funk vibe on a lot of things we did. James Brown’s music definitely found its way into my playing those chordal shapes his guitarists would use on a few of our songs. John Anthony was inspired by more orchestral rock forms, but make no mistake, he could funk out on his synths and keys. He added beautiful layers to our sound. Jimmy and Jack were raised with a measure of gospel and country music, and this was finding its way into their song contributions, but without compromising the R&B feel. In any case the blues could be found threading its way through all of it.
Would you agree that you were first and all a live band and to really know it’s all about you had to see you play. Those of us that couldn’t have the release of ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ available. What was it like to play those numbers that got on the live album?
Jack Hall: Wet Willie was indeed best heard live and ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ finally captured the raw power and energy of our live shows. It’s unfortunate this album wasn’t available in some parts of the world. Led by Jimmy’s powerful vocals, sax and harp, and with a tight and funky rhythm section and Rick Hirsch’s stellar guitar work, the band has been described as cooking up a hot and potent gumbo of soul, R&B, blues, and gospel. ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ was recorded over two nights at the Warehouse in New Orleans, culminating in a New Years Eve set before an electrified audience, as we opened for The Allman Brothers. To me, this record captures the raw intensity of a young band, like a powerful well-oiled machine running at full capacity. Even the sound of fireworks, captured on tape, couldn’t slow this engine down.
Rick Hirsch: There is a lot of truth to that, but I think as Wet Willie progressed, we became more and more comfortable in the studio. Had we had more time to explore the studio setting back then, I’m pretty sure we would have come up with some good things.
Our stage energy was very natural and organic. Our songs evolved out of spontaneity, and if we hit on something we liked, we’d keep it in. ‘Drippin’ Wet Live,’ the first live LP and third Wet Willie release was recorded at the same venue, The Warehouse in New Orleans, where we saw the very early Allman Brothers Band while still living in Mobile. Out of all our albums, I am more frequently contacted about ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ than any of the other albums by far. The band consisted of the original nucleus and five members of Fox, and we were very tight musically by then, meaning our songs had had time to develop to a stage that was peak high energy but not burned out.
It has always been a bit elusive to me as to why, but most guitarists who refer to Wet Willie invariably ask about my equipment, specifically on ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’. I honestly believe my tone improved vastly in the LP’s beyond that one. I shouldn’t really complain because it is thoroughly a compliment that someone was listening to that degree. To answer the question, the guitar heard on ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ is a 1970 Sunburst Les Paul Deluxe with mini-humbucking pick-ups. The amps are two Ampeg V4’s going through 4 4×4 Marshall speaker cabinets with 4 12S JBL in each. I played through a Cry-Baby Wah pedal on one song. Otherwise, it was straight into the amps and any gain or overdrive was achieved with the guitar’s tone and volume controls. An extremely loud rig, I will say the tonal characteristics were very unique and distinguishable.
‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ cover artwork is quite similar to debut album cover artwork. Who was the artist behind it?
Jack Hall: Since we were almost constantly on the road, we were unable to find time to consult with the record labels about cover art. These decisions were left mainly up to the labels and their art departments. But the ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ cover is probably the one I liked least of all of them. Whereas our debut album had a funky, semi-psychedelic, Zap comics vibe, this cover seemed thrown together, with no real connection to the band or what we were about. I don’t have access to the album credits, so don’t know who the artist was.
But I distinctly remember being herded into a shower for the back cover shot, where we were soaked to the skin, so we could appear ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’ – not a great experience. The other guys might remember it differently…
Rick Hirsch: It was similar, but I’m pretty certain someone else did that.
You are playing a really fantastic mixture of blues, soul and funk… was that intended from the beginning or it just came naturally for you guys?
Jack Hall: Our sound seemed to evolve naturally, beginning as Fox in our pre Wet Willie days. Like a lot of American musicians, we were introduced to the blues second hand from British bands like Cream, Led Zeppelin, and John Mayal’s Bluesbreakers. Later on we discovered original versions of songs like ‘Born Under a Bad Sign’ and ‘Crossroads’ and started incorporating these influences with R&B, soul and gospel for the potent, high energy ”gumbo” that Wet Willie became known for.
Rick Hirsch: It was us being us. Nothing was contrived or planned. Just head arrangements with subtle little tweaks here and there. If it worked, we kept it! I’m sure you know the term “heads up” as applied in a band situation. And a lot of what we did was simply tracking each other onstage and responding to what was going on musically. It’s hard to believe how far a song will develop from what it was at its inception, but in my opinion if that isn’t happening, then neither is your band. And I’ve been on both sides of that fence.
Speaking of gigs, what would be the craziest gig you ever did?
Jack Hall: We did many memorable gigs, and the band members probably have their own favorite “craziest” ones. For me it was probably in New Orleans, again one of our favorite cities, at New Years I believe, after the ‘Keep On Smilin” had hit the charts. We were in a festive mood and rented costumes for this show: top hats and tails for some of us, even a Civil War outfit! The crowd was very boisterous, almost manic, and gave back the energy the band was putting out. New Orleans based rock photographer Sidney Smith took many iconic shots of Wet Willie through the years, including great photos from this show.
Rick Hirsch: Assuming you are asking within the context of Wet Willie, the answer would be a show in Washington, DC at RFK Memorial Stadium with The Allman Brothers and The Grateful Dead in front of around 50,000 people. We were put on notice that the Dead’s roadies were notorious for carrying those colorful plastic water guns with LSD laced water that would permeate the skin. I personally was not going to test the theory and walk out in front of that crowd, tripping my brains out and staying close to the tour bus. The backstage scenery was quite the scene and replete with characters who’d obviously started ahead of time … ladies doing their flowing scarf dancing, et cetera. We were on our game that day and did a great show. The energy swap between band and audience in a situation like that is absolutely palpable and electric. People have asked me in the past if I was nervous to get up in front of that many people and no I was not. A mass of people that huge becomes one singular organism, and it can be a beautiful thing entertaining that organism.
“Recording ’Keep On Smilin’’ was a milestone in Wet Willie history”
What was it like to record your third studio album, ‘Keep On Smilin”?
Jack Hall: Atlanta documentarian James Cool did a terrific short form doc about the origin of ‘Keep On Smilin” and the recording sessions. Hopefully you can use all or parts of it for this interview. Much of the doc focuses on renowned producer Tom Dowd, and how he guided us through these recording sessions. As depicted in our doc interviews, working with Tom was like a master class in recording and arranging techniques. He could focus on every microscopic detail, measure by measure, note by note at times, and helped each of us hone our parts so they meshed well.
Even though he was much more experienced, Tom was very patient and never condescended to anyone. We can thank and give major credit to Tom Dowd for the success of ‘Keep On Smilin”.
Rick Hirsch: Recording ’Keep On Smilin’’ was a milestone in Wet Willie history of course. I think it was, first, because we had several new songs to record that were ripe, and, second, Tom Dowd entered the picture as producer. There’s so much to be said about Tom Dowd and his impact on Wet Willie. As I’d mentioned about a hands-on producer earlier, Tom was definitely right in there and was such a helpful force in getting these songs straightened out and ready to track. Much of his focus aside from picking the songs out of what we had that would ultimately be part of the album was digging into every tune and understanding where everyone was at rhythmically. He literally heard everything that was going on in a mathematical way in terms of beats and measures. And his ability to ferret out the subtlest problem was something I’d not seen before. For example, he might tell someone who’s part came in on a downbeat to keep the part but come in on an upbeat, and it would dramatically change things for the better. He just had the gigantic ear for it, and we learned a lot from his generosity in sharing it with us. Tom also produced the follow up to ‘Keep On Smilin’,’ the ‘Dixie Rock’ album.
The hit single ‘Keep On Smilin” reached No. 10 on the Billboard Hot 100. Did it have a big impact on the band attention / press-wise?
Jack Hall: The success of ‘Keep On Smilin” had a huge impact on crowd response and popularity of the band. So requests for print and radio interviews increased as the song reached No. 10 on the US charts. We did in-studio radio interviews and in-store promo appearances from coast-to-coast as a result.
I clearly recall hearing our song on the radio way out in Portland, OR on our first coast-to-coast tour with Grand Funk Railroad, we were thrilled to hear our song so far from the South.
Rick Hirsch: Yeah it was huge and still to this day is a major anthem for the band and for Jimmy when he does his solo gigs. By the way, the song may have reached #10 on the Billboard charts, but it was #1 in many markets not only in the South but all around the country. I will never forget being in the tour bus heading up the New Jersey Turnpike and hearing ‘Keep On Smilin” and ‘Band On the Run’ back to back on AM radio. You couldn’t turn on a radio without hearing it.
What inspired the album cover artwork?
Jack Hall: The Reverend Pearly Brown was a well known presence on the streets of downtown Macon back then. A blind singer and guitarist, Pearly was often seen singing with his guitar and a sign around his neck that read “God loves a cheerful giver.”
So the Capricorn staff suggested featuring Rev Pearly on the ‘Keep On Smilin” cover and sent a photographer to take his picture. The inset shot of the band was taken in front of a downtown liquor store, as I recall. To me it seemed like an afterthought; this photo would’ve been better as the back cover instead of the street sign shot shown there.
The record label neglected to get Pearly Brown to sign a waiver/release for the use of his image. He later sued the record company and won a settlement.
Rick Hirsch: On ‘Keep On Smilin’,’ there is a picture of us sitting in front of a liquor store (for effect, I’m sure) in downtown Macon that is inset on a full sleeve backdrop and photo of Rev Pearly Brown, a blind street singer and guitarist who was local. He had a sign he wore around his neck that said something close to “God loves a cheerful giver…” I don’t know who designed the cover, but have to assume they made a connection between Rev Brown’s persona and what was decided to be the title of the album, ‘Keep On Smilin’,’ as it was pretty built in from the image that he had a pretty tough life and the message is, well, “Keep On Smilin’.”
Your sound changed quite a bit on ‘Dixie Rock’ and ‘The Wetter The Better’ with the arrival of second keyboardist, Mike Duke. (commentary please)
Jack Hall: We were hoping for a follow-up hit after ‘Keep On Smilin” did so well, and as I remember it, Lynyrd Skynyrd had just blown up nationally with ‘Sweet Home Alabama. So we advertisedly tried writing a song that was more guitar oriented and powerful than most of our previous recordings. The result was ‘Dixie Rock,’ which became a staple of our live shows and went over well with audiences, especially in the south. There was no conscious effort, in my mind, to overhaul the overall sound of the band, and I think the rest of the songs on the album underscore this. One was a tribute to our Hall family gospel roots: ‘He Set Me Free,’ which featured piano and vocals by ‘Mama’ Hall and our three sisters: Donna, Cindy and Susie.
After ‘Dixie Rock,’ and, again, touring almost constantly, we needed new material. Mike Duke’s reputation as an accomplished singer, keyboardist and songwriter had preceded him. We’d heard about him from other Alabama musicians, some of whom had moved to Macon just before we did. We had met Mike in Tuscaloosa, where he’d attended the University of Alabama for a while, and again at a concert date in the area. When we heard him sing and play some of his songs we were impressed enough to offer him a position with Wet Willie.
Mike added an extra dimension to our sound, playing organ and other keys while John remained on piano. His soulful R&B-influenced vocals also added to our sound, singing harmonies and some leads, especially on songs he’d written. We recorded three of Mike’s songs on ‘Drippin’ Wet Live’: ‘Teaser,’ ‘No, No, No’ and ‘Ring You Up’. Rick Hirsch’s ‘Everything that Ya Do’ was a standout as well, and became another concert favorite to this day.
Rick Hirsch: Mike Duke is a keyboardist, singer/songwriter from Thomasville, AL. He was living in Tuscaloosa and part of that music scene, and I think Jimmy ran into him somewhere and heard him play and sing some of his songs. Remember I mentioned Jimmy and his brother Jack came from a family with strong gospel music roots. Their mother played and sang at their church, and they were constantly playing and singing around the family piano at home. Among Mike Duke’s songs (he had a million of them) there was a gospel song titled ’Trust In The Lord,’ an upbeat truly great uplifting piece he’d written. We all loved the song and it plugged right in with our vibe, so we recorded it for the ‘Dixie Rock’ album as a duet between Mike and Jimmy swapping off verses. We were digging the layer Mike brought to the overall sound with two keyboards, something I’d always loved about groups like The Band and keyboard oriented bands like Procol Harum. It created a certain elegance that was really beautiful to listen to in my opinion. If I had to claim a favorite chapter of Wet Willie music, it would likely be that period where we had John Anthony and Mike Duke sharing keyboard duties.
By then I’d picked up my go-to axe for the next many years, a ’59 Sunburst Les Paul and a custom designed Boogie amp built by Randy Smith of Mesa. I’d also started incorporating some minimal effects, i.e. EchoPlex, Tube Screamer, MXR Compressor and Phase 90 phase shifter. So personally my sound was starting to develop in the direction I wanted it to go finally. I’d begun playing bottleneck by then, trying to put my own spin on it and steering clear of mimicking the inimitable master, Duane Allman. I hope it is evident in my playing.
Donna Hall Foster: At this time I moved to Flint, Michigan to live with Mark Farner (Grand Funk RR) on his farm. We had met and fallen in love during our tour together in ‘74. We lived together for several years and I added my vocals to several songs on Grand Funk ’Good Singin’, Good Playin” album. We have one son together. I moved back home to Mobile in the late 70s and didn’t tour, just went into motherhood. Eventually had two more children with a local Mobilian.
You even had Elkie Brooks joining the band as a backing singer, as did future Honkette Leslie Hawkin. Tell us how did that come about?
Jack Hall: My memories aren’t clear on the details as to how we added these two “Williettes” to our line up. Elke already had a reputation in England, where she was from, as a backup singer with Robert Palmer. Ella Avery had left the band and we needed someone to fill the role as Donna’s partner, so Capricorn suggested Elke, probably because they had an interest in signing her to the label. She had great stage presence and a strong voice, which complimented Donna’s very well.
But Elke wasn’t with the band very long, so when she left Leslie Hawkins filled her role as “Williette No. 2.” As tiny as she was, Leslie also had a strong voice. I don’t recall when she left, but as we all know, she was tapped by Lynyrd Skynyrd as one of the original “Honkettes,” and survived the plane crash in which Ronnie Van Zant and several other Skynyrd members perished.
Rick Hirsch: Ike and Tina got the Ikettes, Ray Charles got the Raelettes, we’re Wet Willie from Macon, Georgia… and we got the Williettes! The Williettes were officially introduced on the ‘Keep On Smilin” LP consisting of Donna Hall and the late Ella Brown Avery. We had begun to experiment with background vocals early on in Wet Willie debut album, and by the time we were in the recording phase of the ‘Keep On Smilin” album and Tom Dowd producing, Donna and Ella became a significant part of the sound. So we were lucky enough that they would eventually become the Williettes, and were a major attraction for our live audiences. We had a couple of substitutes come in, Elkie Brooks (a Brit from Manchester, England and formerly of UK band Vinegar Joe), and Leslie Hawkins who went on to sing backup for Lynyrd Skynyrd and survived the infamous plane crash that took out several of the others. Frank Fenter was aware of Elkie from his London years and brought her into the foal. Donna Hall Foster and Ella Avery were the ones who wrote the Williette book.
How did you enjoy your second live album, ‘Left Coast Live’?
Jack Hall: This was a one-off club date on the ‘Left Coast Live’ in Los Angeles. Mike Duke had gotten comfortable with his role in the band, and this set showcases the tight arrangements and harmonies developed over many miles of touring. A standout here is Rick Hirsch’s ‘Lucy Was in Trouble,’ an extended minor key jam that revealed well honed chops by the whole band and also became a staple in our setlists. It’s clear that we and the crowd had a rollicking good time.
Rick Hirsch: Recorded at The Roxy in Los Angeles, the energy on ‘Left Coast Live’ is pretty intense, and a bit over the top for my tastes. There were a few guests in the house that night and it was an exciting gig. I think Capricorn, who had established a branch office in LA, probably promoted that show with high expectations. That may have worked its way into our set as those things can do.
What led you to sign for Epic?
Jack Hall: When Rick decided to leave the band in ’76, other members followed suit, leaving Jimmy, Mike Duke and myself wondering what to do next. We ultimately decided to try and to keep the band going with some new members. We reached out to Marshall Smith, a Mobile friend some of us had played with before Fox, but he was drafted into the Army and was unavailable back in 1969. He’d since returned to Mobile and was playing guitar and singing with other musicians from the area. When approached with the offer, he readily accepted, with one condition- that we also bring TK Lively on board, the stellar drummer Marshall was playing with at the time.
We agreed and began looking for a lead guitarist, since Marshall played mainly rhythm. Meanwhile, believing we had fulfilled our contractual obligations with Capricorn, we decided to look for another label. I contacted Brian Rohan, a music attorney recommended by a good friend and sent him a copy of our Capricorn contract. He looked it over and agreed that we were free to seek a new record label. and began soliciting offers. The most interest came from Epic and its head of A & R, Lenny Petze, who made us an offer we couldn’t refuse. So Jimmy and I flew to New York to sign the deal. We were given a nice advance, more money than we’d ever seen with Capricorn.
As these negotiations were taking place we found Larry Berwald in Florida, he was the perfect fit for Wet Willie: a very gifted lead guitarist, with a great personality. He accepted the position and moved to Atlanta, where we had relocated after leaving Capricorn. To our disappointment, we later learned the Capricorn contract had a ”gotcha” clause, a so-called overcall clause, and said we owed them another album. Unfortunately Epic had to shell out $100,000 bucks to buy us out of that old contract.
Two more albums followed in the 70s, ‘Manorisms’ and ‘Which One’s Willie?,’ please tell us about them.
Jack Hall: These were our two Epic albums. ‘Manorisms’ was recorded at the Manor Studios, a couple of hours from London. The producer, Gary Lyons, wasn’t able to secure a visa to work in the US, so Epic shipped the band and our equipment, plus a couple of wives, to England to work with him. Gary, our second British producer after Eddie Offord, also had an impressive track record, working with bands like Foreigner. We stayed in England for almost a month and it was one of the most enjoyable and rewarding experiences of our career.
’Streetcorner Serenade’ was the standout song on the album, becoming another charting single for the band. It was a collaboration between Jimmy and Mike Duke, with Jimmy writing the verses and Mike the sing along choruses.
‘Which One’s Willie?’ was our second and final album for Epic and Lenny Petze decided to produce it himself. We recorded basic tracks at the Record Plant in NYC and did the overdubs at the LA Record Plant. Striving hard for another hit, Lenny threw everything into the mix: Horns, strings, backing vocalists (The Blackberries), a percussionist, even an arranger for strings and horns.
As Epic’s A&R man, Lenny presented several non-band songs to us, one of which was ‘Weekend’. This song had an infectious chorus and hook line: ‘You gotta make the best of life while you’re young.” But we could not relate at all to the verse lyrics, which talked about shopping on Rodeo Drive in LA and other LA specific references. So Jimmy completely rewrote every verse to be more relatable for us. This was the disco era and ‘Weekend’ had the distinctive walking-octaves disco bass line - probably the only southern rock disco record ever recorded! But it did hit the charts and was a Friday evening staple on Top 40 radio stations for years.
What can you tell us about ‘Touch You’ by Jimmy Hall? Jack Hall and Larry Berwald played on it.
After ‘Which One’s Willie?,’ the decision was made by our then-manager Joe Sullivan (Charlie Daniels manager) and Epic to offer Jimmy a solo deal with the label. This basically put Wet Willie in limbo as a band for years. But the producer of ‘Touch You,’ Jimmy’s first Epic solo album, wanting Jimmy to feel comfortable with the musicians, decided to use a combination of Wet Willie and studio players. So Larry Berwald and I, along with several Nashville studio musicians, played on all the tracks. I remember being intimidated at first by these ”first take” guys, but they put us at ease and were a pleasure to work with.
I contributed one song, ‘Easy Street,’ on which I used a string popping technique for the first time, and which was the second single released from the album.
Jimmy Hall later went on to play with Jeff Beck. Do you know how that came about?
Jack Hall: This story goes all the way back to our days as Fox. We were playing in Fayetteville, Arkansas, the home of the University of Arkansas, in a college club, the Red Lion. when we got an offer to open for Vanilla Fudge. Their drummer, Vinny Appice, must’ve been very impressed with Jimmy, as he joined us in our van after the show to share some smoke and relate that he and Jeff Beck were in discussions to do a project together. This project didn’t materialize, but Vinny had told Jeff about Jimmy, and later Jeff and his then drummer Cozy Powell came to Macon, where a hastily organized jam took place in Capricorn studios, with Jeff Beck, Jimmy Hall, Cozy Powell, Paul Hornsby and myself. Somewhere in the world there are tapes of that jam, which Jeff’s manager took with him.
We were concerned we might lose Jimmy to Jeff Beck, but that project didn’t work out either, much to the band’s relief. But years later Jeff contacted Jimmy to ask him to record and do some touring, and a long lasting relationship ensued.
What followed for you guys in the 80s? Were you part of any other bands?
Jack Hall: After Jimmy’s ‘Touch You’ album we toured together for awhile, opening for Charlie Daniels quite a bit, but we parted ways when Jimmy did his second Epic solo album. I then did some touring with country artist Terry Gibbs, whose single ‘Somebody’s Knockin’ took off and crossed over into the pop charts. We did shows throughout the US and did a couple of USO (United Service Organization) tours of military bases in Europe. I also toured with another Nashville act, Dave & Sugar, who had a big country hit with ‘Queen of the Silver Dollar.’
Later I enjoyed playing with a Southern ”allstar band,” The Renegades of Southern Rock, with former members of the Marshall Tucker Band, the Gregg Allman band, and singer Johnny Townsend, from the Sanford Townsend Band, who’s ‘Smoke from a Distant Fire’ was a big hit in the late 80’s. We played hits from all these bands, including ‘Keep On Smilin”.
[Rick Hirsch] You left the band at the end of 1976 to play with Gregg Allman, as part of his solo band. Would you like to share how that experience was for you?
Rick Hirsch: Sometime in the last few months of ’76 Gregg, who was married to Cher by then and living in LA, called to ask if I’d be interested in playing on a proposed duet album he and Cher were planning. I accepted the offer. I think we started tracking initially in around November. They’d collected the songs for the album by then, and we went into Sunset Sound and recorded four or five songs by different writers, including a couple of covers. John Haney produced those first few tracks of which four made it onto the album. When it was time to leave and head back to Georgia, we hadn’t finished and were going to return when everyone’s schedule allowed. Before everyone left, Gregg and Cher asked us to come to a meeting at which they offered to hire us as their recording and touring band. The package included a weekly retainer but required us to move to LA, a daunting prospect personally because of many things. Primarily the upheaval of my life in Macon and leaving a band of friendships that had developed for several years. Of course I ended up moving on the offer for a multitude of reasons and U-hauled out to LA on New Years Eve, 1977 where I worked and resided permanently.
When I moved out, Gregg and Cher and their management team decided to briefly abandon the duet project and jump into an album project for Gregg and use the same band, myself on guitars, Bill Stewart on drums, Calvin Arline, bass, Neil Larsen on keys. That nucleus was augmented by many great A-team players from the LA area, including Dr John, Billy Payne, Victor Feldman, and Willie Weeks. Guitarists Steve Beckmeier and John Hugg joined in on some of it. Plus a horn section with Sal Marquez, Jimmy Robinson, and Gene Dinwiddie. The result was Gregg Allman’s second solo effort, ’Playin’ Up A Storm,’ produced by Lenny Waronker and Russ Titleman and some string arrangements by the undeniably legendary Marty Paich who had done so much but for me the stand out was Ray Charles, ’Modern Sounds In Country And Western Music Volumes 1 & 2’. I was a wide eyed fanboy for many of the moments that happened during this group of sessions at Warner Brothers’ Amigo Studio in Burbank, CA. The album turned out to be very different from Gregg’s first solo LP, ’Laid Back,’ as it should have been. My perception is Lenny and Russ were taking Gregg to the school of Ray Charles and a much more urban sound than his first one. I’ll hear it nowadays and am blown away by how it stands the test of time.
After recording that album we began to finish up the Gregg/Cher duet and tried to find the right studio for completing it. We checked out Larrabe, Cherokee, and a couple of others finally landing at The Record Plant which was conveniently located about three blocks from my house in West Hollywood. Johnny Sandlin and Gregg produced the balance of the album. Allman and Woman caught a lot of flack, I think mostly for the pettiness of a fanbase who thought those two couldn’t possibly blend styles and have anything credible come out of it. Wrong. It’s a great record with one of the most amazing cast of participants of anything I’ve played on.
These albums spurred a couple of significant tours. The first one was an extensive tour of Japan as Gregg’s band which was mindblowing on so many levels because it was my first visit to Japan. We played the Budokan in Tokyo, a huge arena for a Japanese audience that knew every single audience response on The Allman Brothers Band ’At Fillmore East’ album and was repeating them right there in front of us en masse! My fascination with Japan and its culture was intense and I don’t think I slept the entire time we were there. The second tour was a Gregg and Cher thing, and was in Europe. I’ll never forget upon arriving at the first hotel in Birmingham, Cher saw me walk in the lobby, grabbed my one valise, threw it at the bell captain and hustled me out the heavy revolving door I’d just entered. When I asked what was up she didn’t say but walked down a busy sidewalk. Stores were beginning to close and she was in a hurry. We ended up at a leather place and she started pointing at boots while asking if I liked this or that. Saw a simple plain pair I thought was cool and she asked the clerk to bring them out to try on. Then she looked at me and said she was going to put those on her Mastercard which she already had out, but on the condition that I give her the shoes I was wearing … then and there. I agreed (what else would I do?) and the clerk gave her a bag to put them in. When we left, she dropped them in the first dust bin we passed on the way back to the hotel saying how much she disliked those shoes!
That tour was full of surprises. One gig we played, in London I think, I was backstage warming up through a new at the time Roland JC-120 that had this interesting stereo chorus feature. Roland gave them to us to try out. While I was getting ready to play, my back was facing the dressing room door when I heard this voice say “Hello”. I turned to see and there leaning halfway across the doorway was none other than George Harrison … you know ... the Beatle??? When I gathered my composure, and said please come in, he asked what I thought of Roland. We chatted for a brief moment or two after my stumbling about and he was off. But I had actually met a Beatle. Fanboy struck again.
Unsure of how deep you would like me to dive here, but suffice it to say most of my adult life was spent working in Los Angeles (35-40 yrs). The opportunities were endless and I count my blessings daily for all the good that came from making the move. Maturing both as a musician and an adult was greatly enhanced from exposure to such a culturally diverse city on a continual day in and day out basis.
[Rick Hirsch] You later recorded with a lot of artists, including Joan Armatrading, Bonnie Raitt, Bonnie Bramlett, Billy Vera and the Beaters and so on. What are some of the collaborations you are the most proud of?
Rick Hirsch: After Gregg and Cher concluded their relationship, about a year and a half later, everyone began to disperse. I liked where I was and instead of rushing back to the deep south decided to give it a go and see where it would lead. Not long after I got a call from someone on behalf of Bonnie Bramlett who asked about my doing some work with her. I think I’d run into Bonnie at one of the first rehearsals I had attended for Gregg and Cher’s project in a small rehearsal space on Santa Monica Blvd. She was preparing to do another album in Macon for Capricorn and Frank Fenter contacted me about potential players. I plugged myself in the mix along with friend Bobby Martin on keys, Freddie Beckmeier on bass and Steve Beckmeier on guitar as well. Deke Richards was producer and he used his regular drummer, Jay Armentrout along with some other fine musicians to augment the basic rhythm section. We tracked in the Macon studio, so it was like old home week for me. It resulted in ‘Memories,’ Bonnie’s subsequent solo album after ‘Lady’s Choice’. I then toured with Bonnie to promote that record. There were truly some great memories with that touring band and working with Bonnie. She taught me a ton and introduced me to Delaney with whom I did some session work and also one of my fave guitarists, Jesse Edwin Davis.
After Bonnie’s gig ended, I was biding my time in Los Angeles doing the occasional session and writing whenever the inspiration hit. At a random session at Gold Star Studio I met a keyboardist virtually in the headphones. Afterward, we intro’d and his name was Red Young. This was toward the very end of 1978. Red contacted me not long after to explore the possibility of working with him in Joan Armatrading’s band. He was her acting music director at the time and had been playing with her for a while. He sent the songs to me via USPS and cassette tape. I was only slightly familiar with her but after I started listening, I knew this was a gig I needed and wanted to do. At that time Joan’s fanbase was primarily in Europe and Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and Japan. So those are the places we toured plus some in the northern USA, Oregon, Washington State, NYC, Boston jumping back and forth over the Canadian border. I think we made it all the way to Calgary just in time for stampede fest or something like that. Anyway, Joan Armatrading was probably my most rewarding experience musically and in many other ways. She is a brilliant, kind person with songs that reflect it and will move you in the best of ways. The players we used in that ensemble changed up depending on what her concurrent albums were like as far as musical direction. Drummers included the late amazing Art Rodriguez and late also amazing Richie Hayward (separately of course.) And Denny Seiwell (Wings, et al.) She plugged in Dickie Sims on keys for a stint (‘I Shot The Sheriff’ and other Clapton songs.) The tours were remarkable playing countries like (then) Yugoslavia and other obscure places. We recorded with Glyn Johns, Henry Lewy, and Richard Gotterer in different studio settings. All round great experience with Joan Armatrading.
While working with Joan’s bands, I met saxophonist Lon Price. Lon and Red were both from Ft Worth, TX which is kind of the South, but not really. So we were geographically compatible! After Lon left the first permutation of Joan’s band, he went back to Los Angeles and joined Billy and the Beaters, a new horn band. When I went back to LA, I wasn’t there long before I got a call from Lon on a Saturday asking me to do a gig with Billy at the Roxy the following Tuesday night to replace Rick Vito who couldn’t make the date. That was a challenge, because Billy’s songs are not in any way predictable where you can just wing it. I buckled down and learned the songs and walked out onstage with them for that gig in ’82. From then until not that long ago, I worked with Billy Vera. That band was badass and I was able to do some remarkable things while making many great friends. Plus I was able to stay in Los Angeles and work in my studio. Billy would occasionally come to that studio and demo a song. And he’d bring a co-writer now and then. Larry Russel Brown and Chip Taylor were two interesting writers I met and worked with through Billy. Larry wrote ‘Tie A Yellow Ribbon’ and ‘Knock Three Times’. Chip Taylor wrote ‘Wild Thing’ and ‘Angel of the Morning’. Suffice it to say they were great to collaborate with. Chip, Billy and I wrote ‘Papa Come Quick’ during one of those sessions and Bonnie Raitt ended up cutting it on her album ‘Luck of the Draw’. The Beaters worked in a ton of unique situations with some interesting people. We were featured in a few movies like Blake Edward’s film Blind Date with Bruce Willis and Kim Basinger. Another with director Bobby Roth called Baja Oklahoma with Willie Nelson. Meeting and working with Willie was pretty special. We landed a late night talk show house band gig with Rick Dees Into the Night on ABC. Had a hit with a ballad, ‘At This Moment’ which spurred another album for Capitol, ‘Retro Nuevo’. Played the Tonight Show with Johnny Carson what seemed like a dozen times. Many memorable moments with the Beaters. If I end up doing a memoir, I’m certain all that will be included.
While in LA, I started to take advantage of the fact that I lived in the Mecca of media and began networking for music gigs for jingles, film music, tv and writing/recording the most forgettable music that exists. With a few friends, that panned out doing incidental music for shows like Leesa Gibbons (NBC), a daytime talk show, having music placed in sports broadcasts eg ABC Sports (ABC Monday Night Baseball), NBC Sports (Olympics in Seoul, Barcelona). Getting those gigs is a major side hustle and takes a lot of energy.
The band got back together in the 90s again?
Jack Hall: After Jimmy’s second album, the label released him and he was able to focus on Wet Willie again for a while. Many people aren’t aware that Mardi Gras in the US actually started in Mobile, not New Orleans. They have parades and Mardi Gras balls hosted by ”crewes” of men and women of stature in Mobile. We were approached by members of one crewe, the Knights of Columbus, I think, in the early 90’s, to regroup and play for their ball. We were able to pull the band back together, the full line-up of which I can’t recall, to play for them, and continued doing concert and club dates for several years, with varying line ups.
But again, after gaining some momentum, Jimmy was offered a position with Hank Willams Jr., which he accepted, and the band was again in limbo.
Donna Hall Foster: Wet Willie did reunite in the 90s for some scattered shows and since Jimmy had a solo career, the rest of the band would play as Wet Willie Band sans Jimmy but to lukewarm response.
What’s the story behind the 2012 album, ‘Miles of Smiles’?
Jack Hall: After several more years Jimmy was again in a position where he had time to devote to Wet Willie, between dates with Beck and Hank Jr. The line up of players in this iteration of the group may have been the best since the original group. It included Jimmy, of course, sister Donna, myself, TK Lively, John Anthony, and guitarists Ric Seymour and Ricky Chancey.
Seymour was a very gifted guitarist and vocalist, and he and Donna harmonized very well together. Chancey, also a talented guitarist and harp player, went on to play with Hank Jr. as well. This was the band that recorded ‘Miles of Smiles,’ another one-off live set recorded in Woodstock , GA in 2012, for the Hittin’ the Note label, owned by Joe Bell, who handled merch for the Allman Bros. for many years. Produced by Ric Seymour and myself, I think this recording captured the finesse and professionalism of the band in its latter years.
Donna Hall Foster: Wet Willie’s current line up includes all original members except Lewis Ross, who was replaced by TK Lively in the late 70/early 80s and Ella Avery, who passed away 10 years ago.
Looking back, what was the highlight of your time in the band? Which songs are you most proud of? Where and when was your most memorable gig?
Jack Hall: There are many highlights from my time in Wet Willie. I was in the band longer than anyone other than Jimmy; played on every album, every mile of every tour from day one through ‘Miles of Smiles’ and beyond. It’s very difficult to pick one special moment, but I’ll mention two: When we were inducted into the Georgia Music Hall of Fame, and then the Alabama Music Hall of Fame. These two honors really underscored the legacy of the band to me.
Although I’ve mentioned several times that we weren’t a prolific songwriting band, we did record some special songs. Of course ‘Keep On Smilin” is probably the one I’m most proud of, as it touched the lives of so many, with a message of hope and positivity. ‘Dixie Rock’ was another, an anthem paying tribute to our Southern roots, even though in today’s politically charged climate, the word “Dixie” had fallen out of favor. One more song I’m proud of is ‘Leona’s Home Cookin’ Cafe (Leona),’ one of Jimmy’s, which was inspired by ‘Mama’ Louise’ who ran the H&H Cafe in Macon, where many a young hippie musician could count on a meal, even if he (or she) was flat broke. She truly was our ‘Mama’ away from home.
And with so many amazing gigs through the years, it’s difficult to pick one. But one that does stand out was the ope
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https://theshakespeareblog.com/2021/12/sir-antony-sherthoult-come-no-more/
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Sir Antony Sher:”thou’lt come no more”
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This morning, 10 December 2021 was bright and sunny in Stratford-upon-Avon. We headed for the river for a walk while the sunshine was strong at this, the darkest time of year. Approaching Holy Trinity Church, where Shakespeare is buried, we heard the slow toll of a single bell. A funeral. As we neared the west entrance to the churchyard we could see people, including actors and people from the theatre, striding along the path to the church. Tony Sher.
It became a pensive walk. Passing the Royal Shakespeare Company’s theatres we remembered some of those roles we’ve seen Tony Sher perform over a period of well over thirty years. His Shakespeare career at the RSC began with the Fool in King Lear in 1982, memorably wearing a red nose, and ending with King Lear himself. In between, so many extraordinary performances: Richard III of course, Shylock, Malvolio, Vendice in The Revenger’s Tragedy, Tamburlaine, Macbeth, Leontes, Prospero, Falstaff. More recently, in modern plays: Willy Loman in Death of a Salesman, Kunene and the King. I particularly remember his outrageously funny Tartuffe, performed at the RSC’s intimate theatre the Pit at the Barbican. I’ve heard several accounts over the past week of how much painstaking preparation he put into creating performances that sometimes felt on the verge of being out of control.
You will have your own memories, and since the RSC’s announcement of Tony’s death on 3 December there have been many tributes including this one. You don’t need me to tell you what a powerful presence he bought to everything he did. Hearing Judi Dench trying to define his quality, and clips of his King Lear have reminded me how ephemeral and elusive theatre performance is.
This afternoon, back from another walk before the light faded, I received a message from a friend that the BBC’s Last Word, coming on in minutes, was to include a tribute to Tony Sher from his husband, the RSC’s Artistic Director Gregory Doran. They have formed an extraordinarily powerful partnership in the world of theatre, and not just in the UK.
Hearing Gregory Doran speak about their life together was very touching, and the best tribute Tony Sher could have wished for. “He was my all the world, and I’ll miss him very, very much”.
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https://naxosaudiobooks.com/merchant-of-venice-the-unabridged/
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The Merchant of Venice
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Naxos AudioBooks - Merchant of Venice, The (unabridged)
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Naxos AudioBooks
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https://naxosaudiobooks.com/merchant-of-venice-the-unabridged/
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Reviews
Thanks to an interesting coincidence, a new CD recording of The Merchant of Venice has appeared on the Naxos Audiobooks label. I finished listening to it on the very day that I watched an episode of John Barton’s marvelous ‘Playing Shakespeare’ master class on DVD, in which Patrick Stewart and David Suchet switched Shylocks in some of that character’s famous moments.
Not only were their readings radically different, but their very bodies and facial expressions added to the masterful – but different – characterizations. I labor the obvious, because it is difficult to judge a performance accurately from an audio medium rather than from a visual one. I am sure that this Naxos version was based on the much-celebrated performance of Antony Sher as Shylock. I found it hard to get a good idea of how he might have looked on stage, but he came across vocally as a man who has kept his dignity at the expense of great suffering all these years, and is then driven into madness by his daughter running off with a good deal of his riches.
The question of the play’s possible anti-Semitism is best avoided here; but a lot depends on Shylock to treat the subtext one way or the other.
The fact that the rest of the cast is just as greedy for money as Shylock is well handled, such as laughter at the money lender. Although his role is fairly small, Roger Allam creates a noble Antonio, while Emma Fielding (Portia) and Cathy Sara (Nerissa) handle their first scene with good pacing and humor. It is not clear if Portia knows in the trial scene exactly how she is going to beat Shylock, or if she is winging it, but any director would be hard put to ‘show’ that on a CD.
I like that the Prince of Aragon (Sam Dastor) and Prince of Morocco (Ray Fearon) are not played as pantomime fools, but instead show just enough arrogance to get what they deserve in choosing the wrong caskets. Good grades go to director John Tydeman.
Older recordings I have heard feature Tony Church, Hugh Griffith and Trevor Peacock as Shylock. This new set surpasses them all.
Frank Behrens, SentinelSource
Booklet Notes
The Merchant of Venice is a comedy that produces a sense of creeping uneasiness in an audience watching it today. It is a play with complex themes: the broad humour of the young men getting into trouble for losing their wives’ rings; their wives in turn cross-dressing as lawyers to save the life of their husbands’ friend; the beautiful Portia wooed by ludicrous suitors; all mix unhappily with the persecution and cruel treatment of a human being because he belongs to another culture – of Shylock, a Jew. In this age of multi-culturalism we find the prejudice of the Christian majority at times offensive to our twenty-first-century susceptibilities. But this is a modern reaction that Shakespeare would not have recognized.
Many misconceptions have arisen about the character of Shylock and his relationship to the Christian society in which he has chosen to live. The Elizabethan audience would have had a very different theatrical experience to that of a modern audience. For a start, the Jewish moneylender (or usurer) was a recognizably comic figure to them, and Shakespeare endorses this. The first words Shylock speaks are about money: ‘Three thousand ducats – well’.
The impression immediately is of a man obsessed – fixed on one thought. His stilted flow of language and his foreignness of speech are immediately obvious when set against the easy babble of those gilded Venetian flies, Salerino and Solanio. The very idea of the bond, to be sealed ‘in a merry sport’, proposed by Shylock, is grotesquely comic. Nevertheless Shakespeare was incapable of creating a stock character without humanity. Before the bond is proposed, he provides a psychological justification for it:
‘Signor Antonio many a time and oft
…you have rated me
About my moneys and my usances:
Still have I borne it with a patient shrug
For sufferance is the badge of all our tribe…’
Shakespeare gives a certain reality to Shylock: he is a serious man, intense, who uses words judiciously, by which he will later stand or fall. Antonio, Bassanio and the other Christians by contrast are impulsive, irresponsible and trust to chance. Bassanio takes a chance on his wooing of Portia to clear his debts, whilst Antonio, already chancing his fortune in trade, takes a greater risk by agreeing to a loan from Shylock, the terms of which threaten his very life. By contrast, Shylock respects money, whereas the Christians don’t. He hoards it, as he hoards his words; they waste it. It is a theme repeated endlessly in the play: thrift versus chance.
But did Shakespeare intend us to despise the Christians and respect the Jew? In fact, Shylock as the unjustly persecuted victim became a theatrical tradition only after the actor Edmund Kean, in the early nineteenth century, chose to abandon the traditional comic red wig of the stage Jew and appeared instead with black hair and a complementary dark and brooding characterization. Later in the19th century, the actor Henry Irving imbued Shylock with so much dignity that it unbalanced the play and he ended the play after the trial scene. This was ‘romanticising’ Shakespeare, distorting his intentions. That Shylock is a ‘comic’ character is important to the action of the play. His comedy is both grotesque and uncomfortable, typified by his anguish between the loss of his daughter and the loss of his ducats. It is this grotesque extremity that provides the humour. The often quoted speech: ‘Hath not a Jew eyes…’ (Act III Scene1) when put in context, and not quoted as proof of Shakespeare’s sympathy with his plight (which is very much a twentieth- / twenty-first-century view of the play) shows that Shylock’s motivation is not social justice but revenge:
‘If you wrong us shall we not revenge? – if we are like you in the rest we resemble you in that… the villainy you teach me I will execute, and it shall go hard, but I will better the instruction.’
It’s true that his obsession for revenge is born out of gross injustice – a truth that Shakespeare observes – but obsession corrupts, and Shylock’s relentless pursuit of revenge, reiterating the letter of the law (but not its spirit), leads to his downfall.
During the trial, Shakespeare maintains a comic tone for Shylock’s obsession with his bond : ‘Is it so nominated in the bond?…I cannot find it, ‘tis not in the bond.’ This is comic, but it is the comedy of life, where aspirations and ambitions are continually thwarted by unforeseen circumstances.
Not that the Christians escape criticism. Portia’s famous ‘Quality of mercy’ speech is heavily ironic in its context: when Portia herself says at the end of the trial: ‘The Jew shall have no mercy’, and Antonio insists that Shylock must reject his faith, they show little Christian mercy to the defeated Jew. Typically, Shakespeare leaves it to us to decide who comes off best in the trial. He merely presents things as they are, and every generation since the play was first performed has had a different response.
If Shylock represents the darkness at the heart of this play, then Portia shines throughout like a beacon of love. If too, Shylock is thrift, then Portia is chance. Her very future and happiness depend on it. By the terms of her father’s will she will become the property of whomsoever chooses the correct casket. The game of chance works in her favour and she wins the suitor of her choice, but aware that money, a dominant image in this play, had a lot to do with Bassanio’s quest, she ‘values’ herself in monetary terms, as a ‘reckoning’ or a ‘bargain’ and talks of ‘the full sum of me.’ But her true value is shown in the saving of her husband’s best friend Antonio. It is an act of love. For Portia, love is the only wealth, and it must be generously shared for it to grow. Portia displays her generosity too towards Lorenzo and Jessica in giving them a home at Belmont, and as the play draws to a close the young men, Bassanio and Gratiano, used to Venetian ways, begin also to learn that love ultimately is more powerful than money.
Money dominates this play, but Shakespeare is by no means intent on showing that wealth has benefited the Christians. In contrast to Shylock, they may use their money and buy pleasure with it, but Shakespeare shows this pleasure to be idle and unsatisfying, and many characters express their discontent with their lot: ‘When shall we laugh? Say when?’ Bassanio asks his fellow Venetians; and this sense of the emptiness of pleasure for its own sake may in part contribute to Antonio’s sadness. The wise Nerissa sums it up perfectly: ‘They are as sick that surfeit with too much as they that starve with nothing.’
The Venetian Christians look at Shylock, corrupted by his obsession with money, and they see themselves; what they could become. He is the unacceptable face of Venice’s deeply materialistic society, and they hate him the more for it. This explains the public vehemence against Shylock shown by pleasure-seekers like Gratiano at the trial. Standing in the garden at Belmont at the end of the play, the three young married couples have learnt that love is more precious far than gold or silver and if nurtured and ‘kept safe’ will be the basis for a happy future.
The message of love is carried by the imagery of music throughout the play. Music is integral to the text; its rhythm and melody are in the verse throughout the play, but the imagery is specifically used to lift Act V after the dramatic trial scene.
Act V contains Lorenzo’s eulogy to the spiritual power of music. Jessica listens, and her presence reminds us of her father stopping ‘his house’s ears’ against music, and speaking negatively of it: ‘The vile squealing of the wry-necked fife’. Lorenzo’s reference to a man who has no feelings for music could be a description of Shylock himself:
The man that hath no music in himself,
Nor is not moved with concord of sweet sounds
Is fit for treasons, stratagems, and spoils,…
Let no such man be trusted..
Thus at this point the two opposing worlds of the play are finally reconciled and harmonized through music. It is the lyricism of Act V that saves the play from being a tragedy.
Notes by David Timson
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Tributes to Sir Antony Sher
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RSC artists pay their tributes to Sir Antony Sher.
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https://www.rsc.org.uk/news/death-of-sir-antony-sher/tributes
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John Kani, Actor and Playwright
Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country South Africa was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future - Apartheid South Africa. By the Grace his God and my Ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet, we found each other in 1973. We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists and we both had the honour of celebrating together twenty-five years of South Africa’s Democracy in my latest play Kunene and the King. I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King.
Your Brother
Thelma Holt, RSC Associate Producer
As Shakespeare might well have said, “We shall not look upon his like again.” The irony of the passing of Tony is that the last play we worked on together was John Kani’s Kunene and the King, in which he played a great actor, who had performed King Lear with enormous success, dying of a terminal illness. A poignant illustration of life imitating art. Tony will no doubt be completing the run of the play, shorn of its final week in the West End because of the pandemic, albeit without John, when he is in heaven, where he will find lots of unemployed actors.
Alexandra Gilbreath, RSC Associate Artist
The King is dead.
Long live the King.
I can’t believe I’m writing this. Antony Sher. The actor who has inspired generations with his seminal book, The Year of the King, is no more.
The book changed everything, he changed everything. His wit, his legendary preparation, his panache, his verse speaking, his extraordinary ability to hook his toes over the front of the stage and seduce every member of the audience. From Richard III to Cyrano, from Stanley Spencer to King Lear. Kings, queens, poets and misfits. There wasn’t a genre that he couldn’t embrace and redefine. He was one of the most charismatic artists of his generation and I mean Artist. Not just actor, but novelist, painter and poet.
Redoubtable. Fearless. Ingenious.
And we’ll never see his like again. I count myself so incredibly fortunate to have shared many exquisite moments on stage with him and my life will forever be the richer. To the rest of the world he’ll remain Sir Antony Sher but for those of us lucky enough to know and love him, he’ll always be ‘Tones.’
‘O brave new world that has such people in’t.’
Patrick Stewart, RSC Honorary Associate Artist
At the time I first joined the RSC in 1966, I could not have anticipated the impact that Company and its directors, producers, designers, audiences and, especially, its actors would have on me then, all those years ago, and right up to the present day. Two of those have been Greg Doran and Antony Sher. For Greg I played Mark Antony and King Claudius, but, sadly, I never worked with Tony. I know he would have been inspiring and unique because I saw his work whenever possible; Richard III, Macbeth and especially Shylock. Tony could be terrifying on stage, but often, also very funny. The one aspect that characterised Tony's stage performances for me however, was his humanity. There was a fragile, living, being, behind all those performances, which breathed truth into everything he did.
I did not know Tony well. I wish I had. But his work will always be inside me, a vivid reminder of why the theatre is so revealing and important in my life.
Professor James Shapiro, former RSC Board Member
From the moment I set first eyes upon his mesmerizing Richard the Third, Tony Sher has profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare. His gifts were extraordinary, and one of the great pleasures of my life has been watching him in the rehearsal room preparing to play King Lear. He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person. Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.”-
Janet Suzman, RSC Honorary Associate Artist
Tony’s was a ferocious talent. I simply couldn't bear to watch it diminished in its energy and so I am grateful to have seen it at full power. His South African heritage - we share this burden - was only discovered by him quite late in his life, but it surely added to the rich mixture that made him such a magnetic actor. So, unsurprisingly, I recall, amongst his many roles, his ex-Africa Titus Andronicus and his comedically sharp bursts of pain in Kunene and the King most vividly; bookends to a remarkable acting life. I salute my quondam countryman and wish him to go gently into that good night: Hamba gahle, Antony.
John Wyver, RSC Director of Screen Productions
Having admired Tony since his glorious, hideous Howard Kirk forty years ago, and having been privileged to work on four screen adaptations with him, I know Tony to have been a truly great actor, a wonderful writer and painter, a sparkling companion, and the best of husbands to Greg. His generosity, his commitment and his passion were unparalleled, as was his talent.
Joseph Mydell, RSC Actor
After an illustrious career as an actor at the RSC, Antony Sher made his directorial debut with the company, directing Breakfast with Mugabe, by Fraser Grace, starring Noma Dumezweni, David Rintoul, Chris Obi, and myself in the titular role. Tony’s almost shamanistic exploration of Mugabe’s regime as well as the psychological examination of this dictator helped create an atmosphere of highly charged fear and repression which was palpable from the opening of this approximately one hour, forty-five-minute play. He pushed me to my limits in creating a monster of a character who also exhibited human weaknesses of varying degrees. I’m most grateful to Tony for this experience. I also got to know something about Tony, which was not so obvious: he was almost painfully shy. And when you saw him with his partner, Greg Doran, you realise how protective Greg was of him, and it made you aware of their deep love and mutual respect for each other. Deep love. Deep respect: Exemplified in the relationship of Sir Antony Sher and Greg Doran.
Patsy Rodenburg, Voice Director and former RSC Board Member
One of the reasons Shakespeare is our greatest playwrights is that he asks the actor to meet his courage and exactness in body, heart, mind and spirit. Few actors can meet that invitation. Antony Sher is one of the few that do.
Tony’s forensic mind seeks the truth of every word he utters and then his heart ignites that truth to thrill the audience. He never stops working on a play and discovering more and more layers in a role. In this way he transforms himself and the audience performance after performance leaving no one untouched by his presence and artistry. Antony Sher an exemplary theatre artist, a generous and loving actor and friend and an unforgettable storyteller.
Mark Rylance, Actor
I first saw Tony's work as an actor in the theatre with Mike Leigh and was captivated by his immersion and definition as an actor. In 1982 we both joined the RSC and became friends. I remember his infectious laugh and sense of humour most. His meticulous artwork and visual imagination. He was always most generous and kind to me. A gentleman and devoted man of the theatre. A great loss.
Alex Hassell, RSC Associate Artist
Tony was a craftsperson of the highest degree. I’ve never worked with anyone who so fastidiously considered the minutest of details in giving shape to and filling out the life and soul of a character. His deftness, care and sensitivity to how people expose their complex inner natures in the tiniest accidental ways was profound. As were the levels of empathy, imagination and perception with which he so finely rendered the humanity in those vulnerable, heartbreaking and beautiful creations he gifted the world. He was a kind, lovely man, and a world class artist. I shall miss him greatly.
Adrian Noble, former RSC Artistic Director
There are some actors, a very few, who redefine the art and make us see the world a little differently.
They catalyse our received vision of a text and shift our appreciation of the art form.
They take a blowtorch to our perception of the Shakespearean repertoire, their performances burn on our imagination and a new understanding arises, Phoenix like.
They are not always comfortable to watch. Certainly not always easy to direct. But hugely stimulating to their fellow actors and deeply rewarding to their audience.
They are frequently selfish and ruthless in the pursuit of their vision of a character.
They are driven.
They share their spiritual space with demons.
They are possessed by their character, Dionysiac.
But it is we who are the richer. We who are enlightened.
They leave their footprint in the sand, and when the tide retreats, look, it is still there!
They are special.
This was Tony.
Peter Flannery, RSC Associate Artist
I first became aware of Tony fifty years ago when we were both students in Manchester - though I don't think he was aware of me. I remember a shy young man with a blistering acting talent. It was already clear to us all that we were watching someone with rare ability. I got to know him properly about 20 years later when he played the title role in my play Singer which opened in the Swan Theatre in Stratford towards the end of 1989. The way he rehearsed and performed the part simply astonished me and I was so pleased to become a friend. As I write this I am looking at a wonderful crayon portrait Tony made of himself as Peter Singer, now hanging on the wall near my desk. As so many others will do, I feel the loss of Tony Sher very acutely.
Jasper Britton, RSC Associate Artist
For me, Antony Sher and Greg Doran have embodied everything that makes the RSC the RSC.
Their rigour, discipline, vision, imagination, and that something extra, undefinable. The best I can do is this:
If anyone alive could bring the ancient living spirit of Shakespeare to us all, in the present, so vividly, these two magnificent men have done so.
Their combined bond of Love for each other and the Bard has been inspirational and a guiding light.
My only wish is that I’d witnessed the first two married Knights of the Realm.
Some live on after their passing, forever:
Shakespeare and Sher.
Both immortal.
Flights of angels sing thee to thy rest, brave, bold, brilliant Sir Antony
Nick Hern, Publisher
Tony is a bit of a wonder. A magnetic actor, of course, but also and equally an artist and author. I should know: I published five books by him, and in every case the vivid words were illuminated by equally vivid sketches. Furthermore, he’s a delight to work with: punctilious, of course, but open to and eager for comment and improvement. If only every author were as receptive!
Harriet Walter, RSC Honorary Associate Artist
I first met Tony early in his career and he seemed to be in a perpetual state of wonderment to have arrived in the theatrical Mecca of London from his native South Africa. I don’t think he ever lost that feeling of surprise even when he became part of the heart of that establishment. I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength.
He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick, often using himself as the nearest subject to dissect and applying the same scrupulous observation to himself as he did to the characters he played and the subjects he painted. Whether in his paintings or his book Beside Myself his self-portraits were ruthlessly honest.
On stage he was a powerhouse, bold and uncompromising. Offstage he was surprisingly unassuming, private and unostentatious. He could also be wickedly funny
When I partnered him in Macbeth and Death of a Salesman, I found him almost embarrassingly generous on stage.
I so enjoyed working with him and watching him work and feel so sad that I won’t have that pleasure again.
David Edgar, RSC Honorary Associate Artist
Tony was one of a golden generation of character actors who came up through the fringe theatre of the 70s and burst triumphantly on to the country’s main stages a decade later. I was privileged to be part of that emergence, as Tony played the lead in my play Maydays at the Barbican in 1983. In subsequent years I watched in awe as he marched with breathtaking command through the Shakespeare canon. His descriptions of making his crutched Richard III, his Fat Knight and his Mad King, are object lessons in writing about acting, as well as making a major contribution to the history of the institution to which he gave so much. One of his last performances – poignantly, as a dying Shakespearian actor, in John Kani’s Kunene and the King – witty, physically dazzling, emotionally powerful - was among his very best.
Noma Dumezweni, RSC Associate Artist
Three months after reading Year of the King, Antony Sher’s brilliant memoir on acting. I got to work with him. Could NOT believe my luck! Luck is about the angels and moments you get to meet in this life. Actually, Blessings.
I got called into an audition for Greg Doran - for a play that was already up and running. Finally a call from the RSC after years of hoping and writing letters… Doran was lovely. Didn’t get the gig. Instead I got a phone call, three months later, to join the final audition for their next production of Macbeth. (Sir) Antony Sher and (Dame) Harriet Walter were playing the happy couple. Greg, directing.
Of course I would. The three of them oversaw the witches group workshop auditions, Alongside Polly Kemp and Diane Beck - I got the gig.
Soooooo - to WORK in a place of your dreams. To watch actors be at the top of their skills and still reaching…. Was, to put it mildly a TRIP! I LOVED it ALL - to BE at the RSC in the year of my 30th b’day - BUZZING!
Gift - I got to watch a determined, creatively challenging, shy, humorous artist. Antony was my beginning in what Shakespearean storytelling could be… Elevating, alongside Harriet, what was possible. The end of the dinner party that Banquo ’visits’ was devastating. Both of them emotionally sealed/jailed in the making of their ambition. I would watch from the flys of the Swan Theatre. We created something brilliant. Led by the strong willed, shy, creatively provocative Antony Sher.
He missed a couple of performances when we played at the Long Wharf theatre in the US. His understudy did a terrific job. When Tony returned, it felt like hearing the heart and words truly anew. Just glorious. I told him so after that gig back - and there was a way he said ‘really?’ that made me aware of his vulnerability. You can be a star/lead actor and be riven with insecurity. That was the first time I heard it from him. He had missed being on the stage for those two days - it got him wobbly, emotionally. And I saw that that shy, humorous, creatively specific human, being an artist.
Loved, LOVED that gig. THEN, few years later - I got to be an actor in his first directing gig!
Breakfast with Mugabe - by Fraser Grace. Joseph Mydell was Mugabe, I was his wife Grace and David Rintoul was the psychiatrist in this imagining of a period in Mugabe’s elder life. Of course I was going to say yes to Him! Our shared history of being South Africans with vastly different experiences and as creatives navigating our cultural places in the world.
He was PREPARED! And really nervous! He admitted it. I trusted him immediately for that admission. It really was a joy to make him proud of the work we were creating. And my favourite moment was during rehearsals, he told us all our tells/tricks - rude - and so we dug deeper - Joyous.
He was a behemoth in my stage acting lifetime. I was grateful that I got to be witness to his artistry.
Dearest Greg You have both been Blessings in my life.
This too shall pass... Breathe.💛
Lucian Msamati, RSC Associate Artist
You’ll never know what it meant to me, meeting you in that cold room at the London Welsh Centre near King’s Cross Station 17 years ago. I was playing it all cool and professional when in actuality I was having a full-on, internal fanboy meltdown. You’ll never know just how much it meant to me a decade or so later, when you came to the dressing room post-show to congratulate me on a job well done. Thank you, thank you, thank you. You will always be a hero to me. Hamba kahle, Nkosi.
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https://toegrips.com/itp-in-dogs/
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ITP in Dogs: Through the Eyes of a Veterinarian and Dog Mom
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[
"Dr. Laura Garlow"
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2022-07-11T12:48:57+00:00
|
ITP in dogs (immune-mediated thrombocytopenia) occurs when a dog's body attacks its platelets. Dr. Garlow explains signs, treatment, prognosis
|
en
|
Dr. Buzby's ToeGrips for Dogs
|
https://toegrips.com/itp-in-dogs/
|
ITP in dogs can be a scary diagnosis but it doesn’t have to keep your dog from living a great life. Take it from Dr. Laura Garlow, veterinarian and mom to Fletcher, a Goldendoodle who lived with ITP for nine years. On the invitation of integrative veterinarian Dr. Julie Buzby, Dr. Garlow takes a comprehensive look at ITP in dogs and shares her experience walking this path with Fletcher.
I think that everyone’s first dog as a “grown-up” holds an extra special place in their heart. That was the case for me and Fletcher. I like to affectionately call Fletcher the “best bad dog” in the world. No other dog will ever be able to fill the Goldendoodle-sized hole he left in my heart when he passed away a little over a year ago at the respectable age of 11. He had a long happy life, nine years of which he lived with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, but it still never feels like long enough.
My now-husband (who was my fiancée at the time) and I picked Fletcher up as a rambunctious ball of fluff the summer before I started veterinary school. I wanted to make sure I did everything right. So I spent that summer reading all the puppy training manuals I could and hiding everything chewable in our little apartment.
Fast forward a couple of years and Fletcher had turned into a pretty great dog. Maybe the puppy training manuals I poured over so carefully had worked. Or maybe he was just destined to have a wonderful temperament. Regardless, he was a good boy and he brought us so much joy.
Tiny signs of an issue with blood clotting
My husband and I got married during the summer between my second and third year of veterinary school. While on our honeymoon, we boarded Fletcher at a doggy daycare that he loved. He had a blast playing with his doggy friends but had gotten a little scruffy. So when we got home, I gave him a bath, dried him off, and brushed him out. He was his normal self at that point. But just a couple of hours later, I noticed that the insides of both of his ears were covered with tiny pin-prick red dots where I had brushed him.
While I was only halfway through my veterinary education, I knew enough to know that this was not normal. With a bad feeling in the pit of my stomach, I quickly texted a picture to a close friend and mentor. He confirmed my fear that the tiny pin pricks looked like petechia, or very small bruises. Then he gently reminded me that petechia are evidence of an issue with blood clotting. This meant we needed to have some lab work performed ASAP to try to pinpoint the problem.
Since Fletcher was otherwise feeling well with no other evidence of bleeding or bruising, we decided that it was okay for me to wait to take him into the clinic until first thing the following morning. I didn’t sleep a wink that night.
A diagnosis of ITP, immune mediated thrombocytopenia
We went into the clinic the next day. A couple of blood tests later and just like that, Fletcher had been diagnosed with immune mediated thrombocytopenia, or ITP.
This diagnosis had a profound impact on our family, and on my career. I developed a special interest in internal medicine and immune-mediated diseases. This interest led me to complete an intensive one-year internship at a specialty and emergency veterinary hospital after graduation. I found that I enjoyed the challenge of complicated medical cases, and I especially enjoyed helping pet parents understand and navigate the challenging situation of having a hospitalized pet.
After my internship, I spent many years at the same specialty hospital caring for sick hospitalized patients. In that time, I treated many wonderful dogs with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia. Through the years, I have learned so much about this condition, both from our experience with Fletcher, and from my experience caring for my patients. I want to share some of my knowledge with you.
If your beloved dog has been diagnosed with ITP, I hope you finish this article feeling empowered with the knowledge you need to face this challenge head-on.
What is ITP in dogs?
Immune mediated thrombocytopenia (ITP) is one of several autoimmune diseases in dogs. In ITP, the dog’s own immune system attacks and destroys his or her platelets. As a result, the dog has thrombocytopenia, which is the fancy medical term for a low platelet count.
Platelets 101
Platelets are tiny cell fragments within the blood. They are made in the bone marrow and are vital to blood clotting. You may think about platelets helping stop bleeding from a large cut or wound, but platelets aren’t just there for the primetime trauma. They also prevent life-threatening bleeding from normal daily microscopic wear and tear to blood vessels. When these tiny tears occur, platelets clump together at the site of the damage to form a blood clot. This stops any bleeding before you would even be able to notice there was an issue.
Normal platelet counts vary depending on the laboratory equipment being used to measure their levels. Generally speaking, a normal platelet count is anywhere from about 180,000 to 500,000 platelets per microliter of blood. Most of the time, there are no signs of ITP until the platelet count dips below about 40,000 platelets per microliter of blood. At that point, the risk of spontaneous bleeding sets in.
Occasionally, dogs are diagnosed with ITP due to a moderately low platelet count found by accident on routine yearly bloodwork. However, it is much more common for dog parents to have no idea there is a problem until the platelet count is less than 10,000 platelets per microliter and their beloved companion starts showing obvious signs of bleeding.
What are the symptoms of ITP?
The clinical signs of ITP can be broken into three main categories:
1. Direct signs of bleeding or bruising
Small pinpoint bruises on the skin or mucous membranes (i.e. petechia)
Larger bruises on the skin or mucous membranes (i.e. ecchymosis)
Blood in the urine (i.e. hematuria)
Dark, black, or tarry stool (i.e. melena)
Fresh red blood in the stool (i.e. hematochezia)
Blood in vomit that can appear like coffee grounds ( i.e. hematemesis)
Nose bleeds in dogs (i.e. epistaxis)
Bleeding into the whites of the eyes (i.e. scleral hemorrhage)
2. Signs related to anemia in dogs (i.e. low red blood cell count) from losing too much blood
Pale or white gums
A lethargic dog
Decreased appetite
Exercise intolerance
Rapid heart rate
A dog who is breathing fast
Collapse
3. Signs related to the body system where bleeding has occurred
Blindness from bleeding into the back of the eye (retinal hemorrhage)
Dog seizures or other neurologic signs from bleeding in the brain
Difficulty breathing from bleeding into the lungs
If you notice any of these signs, please make an appointment with your vet immediately. In some cases, severely affected dogs may need an emergency vet visit .
How does the vet reach an ITP diagnosis in dogs?
At the appointment, your veterinarian can check your dog’s number of platelets on the in-house laboratory equipment as part of a complete blood count (CBC). Since low platelets are the primary characteristic of ITP, a platelet count is the diagnostic tool of choice.
The CBC will also allow your veterinarian to check your dog’s red cell count. This is important as anemia can be present due to bleeding from ITP. Or sometimes ITP is combined with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA in dogs). Evan’s Syndrome is the name for ITP and IMHA in dogs.
Occasionally platelets can clump together and read as falsely low with in-house machines. This means that in most cases, your veterinarian will want to confirm the low platelet count by looking at a blood smear underneath a microscope.
The vet will also take into consideration your dog’s age, gender, and breed when diagnosing ITP. Any dog can have immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, but like most conditions there are some dogs who might be more predisposed. Many auto-immune conditions are more common in females, and ITP follows that trend too. Middle-aged dogs are the age group most likely to have ITP. Some breeds have a higher risk as well. These include Poodles, Cocker Spaniels, and Old English Sheepdogs.
Once the vet has determined your dog has ITP, he or she will start looking for the underlying cause, if there is one.
What causes ITP in dogs?
When veterinarians think about ITP, they break it into two classifications—primary and secondary. Primary ITP (i.e. idiopathic ITP) is a diagnosis of exclusion. This means the vet will use additional diagnostic testing to rule out the presence of a trigger. If the vet doesn’t find a clear cause, he or she will categorize it as primary ITP.
Secondary ITP occurs when another medical condition triggers the immune system to run amok within the body, attacking its own cells. Common triggers of secondary ITP include:
Infections
Almost any infection can over-stimulate the immune system and trigger autoimmune disease. However, there are some infections where this is a much more common occurrence than others. Fleas and ticks spread many, but not all, of these infections.
Some of the more common infectious triggers of ITP include:
Tick-borne disease in dogs such as Ehrlichia, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, or Babesia
Bartonella
Mycoplasma
Leishmania
Leptospirosis
Heartworm disease in dogs
Systemic fungal infections
Drugs or vaccines
Sulfa drugs
Cephalosporins
Note: While vaccines were once thought to be a common trigger for immune-mediated diseases like ITP, more recent studies have not supported this link. In general, vaccines are safe and do a great job of protecting your pet from preventable illness. If you are wondering which dog vaccines are absolutely necessary, I recommend having an open conversation about your concerns with your veterinarian.
Cancers
Lymphoma in dogs
Leukemia
Multiple Myeloma
Histiocytic Sarcoma
Hemangiosarcoma in dogs
How do you find the underlying cause?
To look for these triggers, your veterinarian will study your pup’s medication and vaccine history, ask you questions about preventative medications and lifestyle, and run additional diagnostic tests.
Your vet may perform a more limited in-house test for some common tick-borne infections. Alternatively, more comprehensive tick panels are available through outside veterinary diagnostic laboratories. In some cases the vet may decide to start a course of the antibiotic doxycycline while awaiting these results because doxycycline is effective against many tick-borne diseases.
To look for any underlying evidence of cancer, your veterinarian will likely recommend full lab work. He or she may also recommend chest and abdominal radiographs or even an abdominal ultrasound.
Fletcher’s ITP trigger
In Fletcher’s case, he had not been on any recent medications and we were diligent about giving him his flea, tick, and heartworm preventative medications. His chest radiographs were normal. Since I had access to internal medicine specialists at my veterinary school, we also performed an ultrasound and a more comprehensive infectious disease panel a few days later. Thankfully, Fletcher’s ultrasound did not show any evidence of cancer.
When the infectious disease panel came back, we were surprised to discover that Fletcher was positive for Bartonella, an infection that is spread via fleas and can sometimes trigger ITP. We treated Fletcher’s Bartonella infection with a course of antibiotics and crossed our fingers.
Many times, if you treat the underlying trigger, the ITP can resolve. However, this was unfortunately not the case for Fletcher. His ITP did not go away, but with the help of daily medications, he managed to have a wonderful life.
What is the treatment for ITP?
After reaching a diagnosis of ITP, the veterinarian will propose a treatment plan. It may involve:
Immunosuppressive medications
An out-of-control immune system is the root problem with ITP. So you would be correct if you guessed that medications to suppress the immune system are the mainstay of treatment. Steroids like prednisone for dogs are almost always part of the arsenal. However, the vet may also add on other secondary immunosuppressive medications like cyclosporine, mycophenolate, or azathioprine.
Vincristine
If your furry friend ends up needing to be hospitalized for ITP, your veterinarian may talk to you about a medication called vincristine. This is an injectable chemotherapy medication. Since it is given at a lower dose for dogs with ITP, side effects are rare. Vincristine functions to push any leftover tiny platelet fragments out of the bone marrow and into circulation. Studies have shown that dogs who receive vincristine have slightly shorter hospital stays due to a more rapid increase in their platelet count.
IVIG
Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a more intensive treatment option that veterinarians usually reach for in severe cases or if a patient is not responding to more standard therapy. It is a human product and can be quite expensive, making it cost prohibitive for many pet parents.
IVIG essentially works by neutralizing the immune system cells by clogging up the site where they would bind to the platelets they were planning to inappropriately destroy. It is an injectable medication that must be given in the hospital as an infusion. IVIG can be a good option for some situations, and is generally well-tolerated. However, it is not a common day-to-day medication in the arsenal against ITP.
If you are interested in learning more about vincristine and IVIG, a study published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine compared these two options in dogs with ITP.
Blood products
Some dogs with ITP experience significant blood loss since they cannot mount an effective clotting response. If dogs lose enough blood that they are experiencing clinical signs from their anemia, they may need a blood transfusion. Packed red blood cell transfusions are the most common type of blood transfusions performed in veterinary medicine. These transfusions don’t provide any platelets or stop the bleeding, but they do stabilize the patient to buy more time for the medications to stop platelet destruction.
In some cases, veterinarians may reach for a whole blood transfusion to help with anemia and ongoing life-threatening bleeding. Whole blood contains both red blood cells and platelets, but unfortunately the platelets in the transfusion last for an incredibly short time inside the body. They may very temporarily help with severe bleeding, but this effect is short-lived. Unfortunately, a whole blood transfusion will not lead to an increase in platelet count.
Since ITP destroys platelets, it would seem like giving the dog more platelets would be a good treatment option. However, while platelet transfusions are relatively common in human medicine, they aren’t that useful in dogs with ITP. Two issues are at play in this situation. The first is that canine platelet products have somewhat limited availability. The second and more significant issue is that the platelets, once transfused, will be destroyed within hours by the same abnormal immune response that is destroying the dog’s own platelets.
Other supportive care
If your beloved pup is diagnosed with ITP, your veterinarian may add in other supportive medications to help treat specific symptoms. These may include:
Antacids or stomach coating medications if your dog is experiencing gastrointestinal bleeding.
Antinausea medications if your dog is nauseous.
Appetite stimulants for dogs if your dog is not eating.
Your veterinarian will work closely with you to tailor the medication and treatment plan to your furry family member’s specific situation.
What is the prognosis and survival rate for dogs with ITP?
Using the treatment options we just discussed, the short-term prognosis for ITP Is good. The overall survival rate is roughly 80 to 85%. Unfortunately, though, this does mean that 15 to 20% of dogs pass away or are euthanized due to ITP.
There are a couple of factors that have been linked to a lower survival rate for some dogs with ITP. These include bleeding from the GI tract and an elevation in a blood marker known as BUN. If your pup falls into one of these categories, instead of losing hope, I recommend specifically talking to your veterinarian about your worries and discussing ways to tailor your dog’s treatment to his or her specific clinical situation.
The ups and downs of ITP treatment
One of the harder things to counsel clients on during treatment for ITP is the very normal, but understandably anxiety-inducing waiting game. It can take anywhere from four to seven days on average for immunosuppressive medications to kick in. During that time, we often check the platelet count and red cell count on a daily basis.
It can be very disheartening for dog parents to see that platelet count go from 8,000 to 5,000 to 5,000 again, especially if their dog is showing signs of bleeding. However, it is important to understand that just because a dog hasn’t responded over the first few days, doesn’t mean they still don’t have a good chance of responding positively to their medications.
Indications of improvement
You can breathe a sigh of relief when your dog’s platelet count increases above about 40,000 platelets per microliter. This is generally when your veterinarian will consider your dog to be out of the woods. At this level, life-threatening spontaneous bleeding is much less likely. Even so, you will want to treat your dog as if he or she is quite fragile until the platelet count increases back into the normal range.
This means no running or jumping or boisterous play. I even tend to recommend soft or canned food to decrease the risk of bleeding from the gums while waiting for the platelet count to normalize.
Happily, once the platelet count begins to rise, it normally continues to do so very quickly. Your veterinarian will likely want to monitor the platelet count every several days until it is normal. Once the platelet count has been in the normal range for three to four weeks, then the first step is to gradually reduce the dose of the steroid medication (often prednisone).
The vet typically decreases the dose by about 25% every three to four weeks while continuing to monitor to ensure the platelet count does not start to drop back down. If a secondary immunosuppressive agent was part of the treatment regimen, the vet will decide whether or not to stop or wean that medication once he or she is able to get the dog off steroids.
Medication side effects
Vets aim to taper the steroid dose first because while steroids are potent and effective medications to suppress the immune system, they do come with a number of side effects. Being able to use lower doses of steroids can be one of the advantages of adding in a secondary immunosuppressive medication.
All dogs are susceptible to experiencing steroid side effects, but large and giant breed dogs tend to be most sensitive. Some of the side effects you might see with chronic, high-dose steroid administration include:
Increased thirst in dogs and increased urination
Increased panting
Lethargy or listlessness
Weight gain, especially for small to medium-sized dogs
Weight loss and significant loss of muscle mass, especially for medium to larger breed dogs
Pot-bellied dog appearance
Increased appetite
Increased risk of other infections (skin infections, UTIs in dogs, etc.)
Thinning of the skin
A thin or dull haircoat
Insulin resistance, which may increase the chances of diabetes mellitus or cause issues in an already diabetic dog
Iatrogenic Cushing’s disease in dogs
If you think your dog’s steroid side effects are becoming problematic, speak to your veterinarian. He or she may be able to adjust your dog’s medications to reduce or eliminate some of the side effects.
What to expect long-term
Because of these side effects, vets always hope that we will be able to wean our ITP patients off all of their medications. That is possible in many cases. However, approximately one-third of dogs will have a relapse of their ITP either during their medication tapering or at a later date.
Sometimes it can be harder to get these dogs back into remission, but often they do still respond well to immunosuppressive medications. In some cases, dogs end up on life-long immunosuppressive medications to keep their ITP at bay. The vet will always try to get them on the lowest doses of medications that both control their disease and minimize their side effects.
Fletcher’s long and happy life with ITP
I can’t end this article without telling you what happened to Fletcher. He responded well to his medications and went into remission quickly. Happily, he never ended up needing a stay in the hospital or any blood transfusions.
A couple of months after weaning off his medications, a routine recheck revealed a significantly decreased platelet count. This indicated a relapse, which of course we felt disappointed about. He responded well again but his platelets dropped once more as we got him on the lowest doses of medications. This meant that he fell into the camp of dogs who need lifelong immunosuppressive medications to keep their disease at bay.
We bought a pill organizer, and we were diligent about giving his medications every day and keeping up with his routine rechecks. He experienced some side effects of the long-term steroid use including having to pee more often and losing a lot of his muscle mass. Luckily, at this point I was working at a specialty hospital. The internal medicine specialists were great about giving me lots of advice on his care.
We switched up his medication cocktail and found the right combination of medications that kept him in remission but also minimized his side effects. He lived a very happy life on those medications for more than six years.
Fletcher’s legacy lives on
Fletcher’s happy-go-lucky nature was both a blessing and a curse because by the time he started to act sick from cancer (unrelated to his ITP), it was already in his liver, spleen, and bones. We kept him as comfortable as we could and fed him lots of tasty, previously off-limits foods. Then we let him go when he told us it was time.
We still miss him very much, but we have so many wonderful memories with him. I am grateful for all the lessons he taught me, both about navigating a diagnosis of ITP and about how to empathize with dog parents when they are dealing with a complicated medical condition in their beloved companions. I hope that if you are facing a diagnosis of immune-mediated thrombocytopenia with your beloved dog, this article and Fletcher’s story give you the knowledge and the hope you need to make it through to the other side.
Has your dog been diagnosed with ITP?
What words of advice do you have for other dog parents who find themselves in a similar situation?
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Adolescent Alcohol Exposure Persistently Impacts Adult Neurobiology and Behavior
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2016-10-29T00:00:00
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Adolescence is a developmental period when physical and cognitive abilities are optimized, when social skills are consolidated, and when sexuality, adolescent behaviors, and frontal cortical functions mature to adult levels. Adolescents also have unique ...
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5050442/
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Pharmacol Rev. 2016 Oct; 68(4): 1074–1109.
PMCID: PMC5050442
PMID: 27677720
Adolescent Alcohol Exposure Persistently Impacts Adult Neurobiology and Behavior
Leslie A. Morrow, ASSOCIATE EDITOR
Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies (F.T.C., R.P.V., M.A.B., D.L.R.), Department of Psychiatry (F.T.C., D.L.R.), and Department of Pharmacology (F.T.C.), School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Corresponding author.
Address correspondence to: Dr. Fulton T. Crews, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, 1021 Thurston Bowles Building CB 7178, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7178., E-mail: ude.cnu.dem@swerctf
Copyright © 2016 by The Author(s)
This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC Attribution 4.0 International license.
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period when physical and cognitive abilities are optimized, when social skills are consolidated, and when sexuality, adolescent behaviors, and frontal cortical functions mature to adult levels. Adolescents also have unique responses to alcohol compared with adults, being less sensitive to ethanol sedative–motor responses that most likely contribute to binge drinking and blackouts. Population studies find that an early age of drinking onset correlates with increased lifetime risks for the development of alcohol dependence, violence, and injuries. Brain synapses, myelination, and neural circuits mature in adolescence to adult levels in parallel with increased reflection on the consequence of actions and reduced impulsivity and thrill seeking. Alcohol binge drinking could alter human development, but variations in genetics, peer groups, family structure, early life experiences, and the emergence of psychopathology in humans confound studies. As adolescence is common to mammalian species, preclinical models of binge drinking provide insight into the direct impact of alcohol on adolescent development. This review relates human findings to basic science studies, particularly the preclinical studies of the Neurobiology of Adolescent Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) Consortium. These studies focus on persistent adult changes in neurobiology and behavior following adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE), a model of underage drinking. NADIA studies and others find that AIE results in the following: increases in adult alcohol drinking, disinhibition, and social anxiety; altered adult synapses, cognition, and sleep; reduced adult neurogenesis, cholinergic, and serotonergic neurons; and increased neuroimmune gene expression and epigenetic modifiers of gene expression. Many of these effects are specific to adolescents and not found in parallel adult studies. AIE can cause a persistence of adolescent-like synaptic physiology, behavior, and sensitivity to alcohol into adulthood. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that adolescent binge drinking leads to long-lasting changes in the adult brain that increase risks of adult psychopathology, particularly for alcohol dependence.
I. Introduction
Adolescence is a period of developmental transition, encompassing physical, mental, emotional, and social aspects. The development of both physical and interpersonal skills required to successfully integrate into society is essential for living in groups, and these skills improve through adolescence to adult levels. In addition, adolescence is a time when talents, reasoning, and other abilities are formed. Adolescence in humans and other social animals is characterized by high expression of risk taking, exploration, novelty and sensation seeking, social interaction, and play behavior that contributes to this transition. Recent discoveries using human brain imaging provide strong evidence that these characteristics are linked to maturation of brain structure (Lenroot and Giedd, 2006; Bava and Tapert, 2010). Although much of development involves programmed sequences of change in gene expression related to cellular differentiation and protein expression, experience and environment during adolescence also contribute to lifelong adult abilities and characteristics. Nutrition, alcohol exposure, and multiple other environmental factors are known to impact both prenatal and postnatal physical development.
Adolescent development of abilities, social skills, and other complex processes is difficult to define and quantitate. However, in general, training and acquisition of skills in adolescence are important for developing both highly-skilled human and animal individuals. Training during adolescence improves abilities involving cognition, like playing chess or training to be a guide dog, as well as physical abilities. Training at all ages improves performance, but the improvement is often much faster and greater during adolescence. During adolescence, physical abilities improve in parallel to the development of self-control, consideration of future consequences, planning, and socialization skills, and eventually reductions in risk taking and sensation seeking. Frontal cortical synaptic refinement and increased myelination in adolescence most likely contribute to maturational changes in reasoning, goal setting, impulse control, and evaluation of consequences. Other adolescent brain changes include increased hippocampal neurogenesis, maturation of brain regulatory neurotransmitters (e.g., their receptors and transporters), as well as hormonal maturation during puberty. Each of these maturation processes is driven by innate programming that responds to environmental stimuli. Adolescent development is common to humans and rodents, allowing controlled preclinical studies to focus on those environmental factors that create resilience or risk for long-lasting changes in adult characteristics.
The complex interactions of nature and nurture, intermixed with adolescent resilience and sensitivities, confound discernment of what characteristics are highly sensitive versus insensitive to environment. Many mental disorders emerge during adolescence, perhaps due to genetically programmed dysfunctional development, environmental disruption of developmental programs, or more likely a combination of both (Paus et al., 2008; Davidson et al., 2015). In humans, family structure and socioeconomic status, adolescent choice of peer group, and other individual selections create unique environments that confound a clear understanding of their impact on maturation of adult characteristics and skills. Animal studies have the advantage of control over environmental and genetic factors and can better elucidate the impact of specific environmental events on adolescent development. This review presents findings that support adolescence as a unique period of brain maturation that is characterized by increased vulnerability to binge alcohol-induced alterations in brain maturation and adult neurobiology due to the distinct adolescent responses to alcohol relative to adults. Preclinical studies from the Neurobiology of Adolescent Drinking in Adulthood (NADIA) Consortium, funded by the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, are presented and related to human findings when possible. Together, they support the hypothesis that adolescent binge drinking produces long-lasting effects in the brain that increase the risk for the development of psychopathology in adulthood, including alcohol-use disorders.
The adolescent period is marked by behavioral and hormonal changes that are common across species. Adolescents are highly tuned to the environment and peers, and adolescence is a critical period of social development and integration into society. In the rat, the adolescent period has been conservatively demarcated as postnatal day (P) 28–P42 (Spear, 2000), although some have suggested a more liberal range from P21 to P60 (Laviola et al., 2003). More recently, the adolescent period has been divided into early (P25–P42) and late (P43–P55) adolescence in rats, with the early and late periods corresponding to approximately 10–18 and 18–25 years of age in humans, respectively (Spear, 2015). Puberty, the hormonal and physiologic change associated with sexual maturation, takes place within the broader adolescent period. Although there are species-specific behavioral and hormonal responses, adolescence and puberty are general developmental periods that are shared across mammalian species. As in humans, complete pubertal maturation of the rat occurs earlier in females than males (approximately P36 and P44, respectively) (Vetter-O’Hagen and Spear, 2012). Importantly, adolescent-typical behavioral characteristics are also conserved across species, such as increased reward and sensation seeking, social interactions with peers, and risk taking, and reduced responses to aversive stimuli, which are all observed during adolescence, even beyond the peripubertal period (for review, see Spear, 2000, 2011). For instance, increased time spent engaging in social behaviors is common in human adolescents (e.g., increased communication with peers) (Csikszentmihalyi et al., 1977; Steinberg, 1989) as well as in adolescent rodents and nonhuman primates (e.g., increased levels of play and affiliative behaviors, such as huddling and grooming) (Ehardt and Bernstein, 1987). In rodents, increased social interactions influence food choices (Galef, 1977) and sexual and aggressive behaviors (Fagen, 1976; Smith, 1982). Rodent adolescents also find peers (Douglas et al., 2004) and novelty (Douglas et al., 2003) more rewarding than adults do. These adolescent-typical characteristics are important during the transition from dependence to independence. These characteristics also result in increased possibility of environmental exposures and influences. As discussed below, the recent discovery of epigenetic mechanisms under environmental regulation may represent a significant portion of the genetic aspects of adolescent maturation. Adolescent high novelty-seeking and risk-taking behaviors contribute to the increased propensity for experimentation and initiation of drug and alcohol use during this developmental period. Furthermore, the ability to learn and acquire new skills or habits can combine with initiation of drug use to increase the risk of long-lasting adult pathology. Given that adolescence is a unique period of brain and behavioral development that is highly sensitive to environmental influences, clinical and preclinical studies focused on adolescent development to understand what factors best promote individual success for all in the community are of great importance.
II. Brain Maturation and Adolescence
Brain development coincides with improvement in abilities. One example is the maturation of visual and auditory sensory processing. The sensory cortex has unique developmental periods that are highly responsive to enriched or deprived environments that drive synaptic rearrangements and cortical response pattern plasticity far more than are found at other times across the life span. These highly plastic periods of sensory cortical maturation are referred to as critical periods of experience-dependent plasticity, and some of these critical periods occur during the adolescent age (Gordon and Stryker, 1996). Visual cortex maturation involves optimizing visual acuity and discrimination through activity-dependent synaptic pruning of inactive synapses as well as maintenance and strengthening of active synapses. Maturation of the visual cortex precedes the critical period of the auditory cortex, which is characterized by acquisition of tonal specificity and maturation of auditory cortical responses. During plasticity of the cortical critical periods, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) interneuron synapse formation and regulation of pyramidal neuronal responses stabilize, and then plasticity subsides. Synaptic rearrangements in the developing cortex are dependent upon neuronal activity that triggers microglial–neuronal signaling. For example, in developing mouse visual cortex at P28 near the peak of the critical period of visual cortical experience-dependent plasticity and synapse formation, light deprivation and re-exposure regulate microglial–synaptic interactions (Tremblay et al., 2010). Microglial activity-dependent synaptic pruning involves complement receptor signaling between immature synapses and microglia (Schafer et al., 2012). In addition, microglia regulate the formation and degradation of extracellular matrix—secreted noncellular molecules that support cells and in brain stabilize synapses and form neuronal nets primarily on GABAergic neurons (Celio and Blumcke, 1994; Celio et al., 1998; Frischknecht et al., 2009; see Coleman et al., 2014). Thus, adolescent brain maturation involves neuronal and glial signaling that regulates synapses, particularly interneuron–projection neuron synaptic fields that are tuned during development to more stable and less plastic adult brain synapses.
Synapses are functional elements of the brain that are very small—most are less than 0.1 μM3—whereas brains are 1012–1014 times that size (e.g., human brain is about 1200 cm3 and adult rat brain about 2100 mm3) (Oguz et al., 2013). Interestingly, overall brain structure changes during adolescence, with decreases in gray matter and increases in white matter shown in both human (Giedd et al.,1999; Gogtay et al., 2004; Bava et al., 2010) and rodent studies (e.g., Oguz et al., 2013; Mengler et al., 2014). These changes are far larger than can be explained by changes in synapses, and they are thought to be associated with the processes of synaptic pruning, extracellular matrix formation, and increased myelination. The developmental trajectory of brain regional volumes in humans has been studied (Giedd et al., 1996; Sowell et al., 1999; Gogtay et al., 2006; Demaster and Ghetti, 2013) and is generally similar to that found in rats (Calabrese et al., 2013; Oguz, et al., 2013). For instance, subcortical limbic structures, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, mature during adolescence in humans (Giedd, et al., 1996; Sowell et al., 1999; Suzuki et al., 2005; Gogtay et al., 2006; Uematsu et al., 2012; Demaster and Ghetti, 2013) at a relatively faster pace than the prefrontal cortex (PFC) (see Casey et al., 2005 for review). The PFC is the last structure to mature, and development of PFC structural and functional connectivity continues into late adolescence and early adulthood in humans (Lebel et al., 2008; Petanjek et al., 2011) and rodents (Cunningham et al., 2002; Markham et al., 2007). An immature PFC, along with more developed limbic regions, may lead to an imbalance or disruption of top-down control, which is thought to underlie particular adolescent-typical behavior such as impulsivity and risk taking (Andersen and Teicher, 2008; Casey et al., 2008; Ernst and Fudge, 2009; Casey and Jones, 2010). PFC development and connectivity parallel the appearance of adult executive functions.
Late youth and adolescence are also when mental diseases commonly emerge (Paus et al., 2008; Davidson, et al., 2015), with some clearly related to alterations in the patterns of gray and white matter that exemplify the adult brain (Giedd, 2004). Indeed, white matter structures mature hierarchically and become more organized in parallel with the development of cognitive faculties (Asato et al., 2006; Lenroot and Giedd, 2006; Bava and Tapert, 2010). Myelin increases efficient neural transmission throughout the brain, and it is thought to contribute to the enhanced brain-regional connectivity, processing speed, and cognitive function that occur during childhood and adolescence (Casey et al., 2008). In a study of 885 individuals between 3 and 20 years of age, magnetic resonance imaging brain scans accurately distinguished biologic age, primarily by using diffusivity indices of white matter maturation (Brown et al., 2012). Recent studies have related the development of white matter along an accumbofrontal tract connecting the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and nucleus accumbens to the maturation of developmental models of decision making (Karlsgodt et al., 2015). Exercise, as assessed by fitness among adolescents, is associated with increased white matter microstructure and frontal and motor fiber connectivity, consistent with the postulate that environment and experience impact white matter development and connectivity (Herting et al., 2014). In rats, whole brain volume increases by approximately 20% from P28 to P80 (that is, from early adolescence to young adulthood), whereas white matter, including the corpus callosum and external capsule, increases by about 30% (Oguz et al., 2013). In rats, there are maturational changes in corpus callosum anisotropy found with diffusion tensor imaging (Vetreno et al., 2016a), and diffusion tensor imaging has been used to detect anisotropic changes in the human adolescent brain that are consistent with increased myelination (Zhu et al., 2012).
The PFC is particularly dynamic during adolescence. Human histologic studies find that the dendritic spine density of PFC synapses is two- to threefold higher in youth and declines through adolescence and into the third decade of life before stabilizing at adult levels (Petanjek et al., 2011). These findings are consistent with delayed maturation of PFC and its regulation of mesolimbic, amygdala, and behavioral control, resulting in the thrill-, novelty-, and sensation-seeking behavior that is characteristic of adolescence (Ernst and Fudge, 2009; Pattwell et al., 2012). Human adolescents also show an exaggerated amygdala response to fear that matures with the development of connections between the amygdala and ventromedial PFC in humans and infralimbic PFC in mice (Malter Cohen et al., 2013). This is consistent with studies that find attenuated extinction of fear conditioning in adolescent humans (Pattwell et al., 2012) that matures in parallel with frontal cortical circuits important for fear extinction (although see Broadwater and Spear, 2013a). As discussed above, activity-dependent plasticity in the PFC involves responsiveness of both GABAergic interneurons and glutamatergic pyramidal projection neurons, as well as consolidation of circuitry within other regions, to produce the development of executive functions during adolescence. Maturation of cortical GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses occurs in parallel with ongoing adolescent-specific changes in several major neuromodulatory neurotransmitter systems, such as acetylcholine, serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine, and dopamine (see Guerri and Pascual, 2010; Spear, 2000, 2010 for review). Neuromodulatory neurotransmitters integrate GABAergic interneuronal and glutamatergic pyramidal neuronal firing, synchronizing firing and connectivity. Thus, both human and animal studies are consistent with adolescence being a critical period of frontal cortical activity-dependent plasticity. Furthermore, it is thought that adolescent frontal cortical integration underlies the maturation of adult emotion and reasoning. As PFC circuits mature, reflections on long-term consequences start to guide behavior, an important adult characteristic that may blunt the impulsive thrill seeking that is often seen during adolescence.
III. Adolescent Alcohol Sensitivity
A. Developmental Insensitivity to Ethanol
Numerous studies have found that adolescents are less sensitive to certain adverse effects of ethanol relative to adults (see Spear, 2011, 2014; Novier et al., 2015 for review), perhaps contributing to a propensity for adolescents to binge drink (Johnston et al., 2015). [TheNational Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism definition of binge drinking is 4+ or 5+ drinks in a row for females or males, respectively, or achieving blood ethanol concentrations (BECs) of greater than 0.08 g/dL.] For example, adolescent rats are generally less sensitive to ethanol-induced sedative/hypnotic effects (Moy et al., 1998; Silveri and Spear, 1998; Draski et al., 2001), social inhibition at high ethanol doses (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002), motor impairment (Hollstedt et al., 1980; Silveri and Spear, 2001; White et al., 2002a), conditioned taste aversion (Anderson et al., 2010; Schramm-Sapyta et al., 2010), and acute ethanol withdrawal (i.e., hangover) (Doremus et al., 2003; Varlinskaya and Spear, 2004; Doremus-Fitzwater and Spear, 2007). Thus, adolescents are less sensitive to several factors that may serve as feedback cues to limit alcohol consumption. A low sedative response to alcohol is a risk factor for development of alcohol-use disorder in humans (Schuckit et al., 2004) and is an adolescent characteristic that crosses species (Spear, 2011). Furthermore, low sensitivity to the perception of alcohol, as measured by the Subjective High Assessment Scale, has been established as one of the most significant risk factors for the development of heavy drinking and alcoholism (Schuckit et al., 2014). Studies relating blood alcohol to behavior have suggested that adolescent humans are less sensitive than adults (Day et al., 2013), although this is more clearly established in animal studies (Spear, 2014). Another index of alcohol sensitivity may be the amount of alcohol consumed, and studies find that both adolescent humans and rodents consume about twice as much as adults (Spear, 2014). Although the mechanisms of adolescent low alcohol sedative response or tolerance-like ethanol responses are not known, adolescent binge drinking in humans is predictive of adult alcohol-use disorders (for review, see Patrick and Schulenberg, 2013), and studies in rodents that control for genetic and environmental differences find adolescents are less sensitive to alcohol sedative/hypnotic effects (Silveri and Spear, 1998; Spear, 2014) and adolescent alcohol exposure of rats leads to long-lasting changes in adult rats that support hypotheses on long-lasting changes in adult human brain due to adolescent drinking.
The mechanisms underlying age-specific ethanol sensitivity are not fully understood, but one possibility is that adolescents are less susceptible to many ethanol effects because they metabolize ethanol faster. Although some studies have found that rodent adolescents metabolize ethanol slightly faster than adults (Hollstedt et al., 1980; Brasser and Spear, 2002), this is not a consistent finding (Kelly et al., 1987; Silveri and Spear, 2000). Furthermore, enhanced sensitivity to certain ethanol effects observed in adolescents (detailed below) argues against metabolic rate being the primary mechanism for age-related differences in ethanol sensitivity. Lastly, several studies have directly compared developmental responses to various ethanol concentrations in vitro when metabolism is not a factor (e.g., Swartzwelder et al., 1995a,b; Li et al., 2003). Another potential mechanism is that the functional properties of the neural systems underlying ethanol responses are fundamentally different between adolescents and adults. As suggested by Spear (2014), altered sensitivity to ethanol during adolescence may be due to age-related differences in excitatory glutamate [particularly at N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors], inhibitory GABAergic, and modulatory opioid systems. Relative immaturity of these neurotransmitter systems, which are directly targeted by alcohol, may alter brain excitatory–inhibitory balance during adolescence, perhaps contributing to age-related differences in ethanol effects (for review, see Spear and Varlinskaya, 2005; Spear, 2014). For example, adolescent rats differ from adults in electrophysiological properties, with reduced sensitivity to GABA type A (GABAA) receptor-mediated inhibition in hippocampus (Li et al., 2003, 2006; Yan et al., 2010; but see Yan et al., 2009), yet enhanced sensitivity to ethanol-induced inhibition of NMDA-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents (Swartzwelder et al., 1995a). Thus, altered responsivity of these neurotransmitter systems during adolescence may underlie differential alcohol sensitivity, perhaps increasing risks of excessive drinking. However, additional research is needed to clearly define the unique aspects of the adolescent response to alcohol.
B. Developmental Sensitivity to Ethanol
Adolescents also show enhanced sensitivity to certain effects of ethanol (for review, see Spear, 2011, 2014; Novier et al., 2015). For instance, adolescent rats show ethanol-induced social facilitation at low ethanol doses, an effect not observed in adult rats (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002, 2006), and greater ethanol-mediated reinforcement than adults (Pautassi et al., 2008). Increased sensitivity to the positive and/or reinforcing effects of ethanol may promote alcohol intake, although some would argue that elevated alcohol consumption is due to decreased sensitivity to the rewarding effects in adults (e.g., Koob and Le Moal, 1997). In animal and human studies, multiple factors impact behavior, making unequivocal conclusions on reinforcement difficult (for review, see Stephens et al., 2010). In the case of adolescent alcohol consumption, humans (SAMHSA, 2006) and rodents (Brunell and Spear, 2005; Doremus et al., 2005; Vetter et al., 2007) have been reported to consume up to 3 times more ethanol than adults, which may be related to altered ethanol sensitivity.
Adolescents are also more sensitive to some memory-impairing effects of ethanol. For example, adolescent rats show greater memory impairment than adults when assessed on the Morris water maze and in discrimination tasks (Markwiese et al., 1998; Land and Spear, 2004), but the opposite is observed in fear conditioning, another learning and memory paradigm; specifically, adolescent rats are less sensitive to memory-disrupting effects of ethanol (Land and Spear, 2004; Broadwater and Spear, 2013b). Also, people in their early 20s have been found to be more sensitive to the effects of ethanol on multiple memory tasks than those in their late 20s; however, tolerance due to prolonged alcohol use in the older age group cannot be definitively ruled out in this study (Acheson et al., 1998). When measuring the hippocampal electrophysiological response in adolescent rats relative to adults, ethanol more potently inhibits adolescent NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic activity (Swartzwelder et al., 1995a) and the induction of long-term potentiation (Swartzwelder et al., 1995b), perhaps contributing to enhanced sensitivity to memory-impairing effects of ethanol during adolescence. Adolescent rats are also more sensitive to frontal cortical brain damage in binge-ethanol models (Crews et al., 2000), consistent with the hypothesis that developing brain regions are more sensitive to ethanol toxicity than mature brain regions.
Although not assessed in the aforementioned studies, others have reported that adolescents do not show higher brain or blood ethanol concentrations compared with adults. Ethanol is typically administered at doses relative to body weight to account for the large differences in body mass between adolescent and adult rodents, but it distributes preferentially into watery, nonfatty tissues (Kalant, 1971). Body composition changes across the life span, and factors that might contribute to adolescent–adult distribution of ethanol include decreases in water content in lean tissue as well as increases in percentage of body fat from adolescence into adulthood (for review in humans, see Veldhuis et al., 2005). Consistent with an increase in percentage of body fat, adult rodents tend to have higher blood ethanol concentrations and a more prolonged ethanol clearance relative to adolescents (Doremus et al., 2003), making the possibility of higher ethanol exposure contributing to enhanced sensitivity to cognitive effects of ethanol during adolescence unlikely. Taken together, these findings suggest that adolescents are more sensitive to some effects of ethanol than adults, perhaps due to enhanced sensitivity of NMDA-mediated ethanol responses.
IV. Adolescents Binge Drink
Differing from the adult and alcoholic patterns of daily, heavy drinking, adolescents generally drink in social groups on weekends. Moreover, human and rodent adolescents drink about 2–3 times more alcohol than adults per drinking occasion (SAMHSA, 2006; Doremus et al., 2005). Adolescent binge drinking is a problem in many countries. The percentage of students in 2003 who reported being drunk 10 times or more in the last year were 40% in Denmark, 25% in the United Kingdom, and 8% in the United States (Andersson et al., 2002). In the United States 2014 Monitoring the Future Survey, 11%, 30%, and 50% of 8th, 10th, and 12th graders reported having been drunk in their lifetime, and 19% of 12th graders reported binge drinking (5+ drinks in a row) within the past 2 weeks (Johnston et al., 2015). Binge drinking peaks between the ages of 18 and 25 years of age, with males reporting binge drinking four to five times per month (2003 National Survey on Drug Use and Health). In fact, many adolescents drink more, as 1 in 10 high school seniors reported drinking 10 or more drinks in a row, and 5.6% of high school seniors reported consuming 15 or more drinks in a row (Patrick et al., 2013). Longitudinal studies of adolescent and young adult men and women (ages 18 and 24) find that 15–20% report 15–20 maximum drinks per occasion in the 6 months prior to each follow-up (Schuckit et al., 2014). The low sensitivity to alcohol sedation, combined with high risk taking and social reward seeking, most likely contributes to the extreme heavy drinking found in some adolescents.
Heavy binge drinking can result in a blackout, or loss of memory of events that took place during a drinking episode. Blackouts are based on the amount of alcohol consumed and are more common in adolescents than adults. BECs of over 0.30 g/dL, or about 4 times the legal BEC limit for driving in the United States (0.08 g/dl), are associated with 60% of alcohol-related blackouts (Hartzler and Fromme, 2003; Wetherill and Fromme, 2009; Rose and Grant, 2010). Blackouts are common in alcoholics and adolescents, consistent with these groups drinking to the very high BECs that can result in blackouts. For example, one study found that college student males who experienced blackouts reported consuming nine drinks on average (Zeigler et al., 2005). Among a sample of US college students, 51% report having experienced an alcohol-related blackout—40% within the last year and 9% within the past 2 weeks (White et al., 2002b). In another study that determined maximum drinks per occasion in subjects from ages 18 to 24, most subjects endorsed 5 as maximum, but about 15–20% endorsed 15–22 drinks as maximum per occasion (Schuckit et al., 2014), which would produce very high BECs. Magnetic resonance imaging studies find lower GABA in frontal cortex in 18- to 24-year-old binge drinkers compared with light drinkers, and binge drinkers with blackouts additionally had lower levels of frontal cortical glutamate (Silveri et al., 2014). In rats, equivalent binge models induce significantly more frontal cortical damage in adolescents than in adults (Crews et al., 2000). Thus, alcohol-related blackouts are common among human adolescents, and rat studies find the adolescent-maturing frontal cortex is uniquely sensitive to damage from binge-drinking levels of alcohol.
A lasting impact of adolescent binge drinking is suggested by associations of age of drinking onset with a number of lifelong risks. Adolescents who start drinking before 15 years of age are 4 times more likely to develop alcohol dependence in their lifetime than those who start drinking after 20 years of age (Grant and Dawson, 1997). A young age of drinking onset is also associated with increased risk for lifetime violence and fights and injuries associated with alcohol use (Grant and Dawson, 1997; Sher and Gotham, 1999; DeWit et al., 2000; Dawson et al., 2008; Hingson et al., 2009). Individual genotype and/or personality factors (such as sensation seeking) most likely contribute to early drinking, although peer use and alcohol-abusing parents are environmental factors that also contribute to an earlier onset of alcohol and substance use (Siqueira and Smith, 2015). Population studies of 9- to 20-year-old individuals find that a 10% delay in age of drinking initiation leads to a 35% decrease in subsequent alcohol consumption (Pedersen and Skrondal, 1998). For example, individuals who started drinking before age 13 consumed an average of 7 L alcohol/yr, whereas those who started after age 17 consumed 3.8 L/yr, suggesting that delaying onset of alcohol use can markedly reduce later alcohol consumption (Pedersen and Skrondal, 1998). Twin studies of 10- to 28-year-old subjects also find that early drinking increases risks for alcohol dependence, and that the risk for development of alcohol dependence declines by 21% for each additional year that drinking onset is delayed (Prescott and Kendler, 1999). Moreover, these authors find females to have higher risks than males from early drinking, and they attributed risks to familial factors related to genetics (Prescott and Kendler, 1999). Other studies have linked drinking onset and increased risks of alcohol dependence to familial density of alcoholism, extroversion, event-related brain potentials, and high posture sway (Hill and Shen 2002), supporting genetic components. More recent studies on familial factors have proposed that alcohol may promote unique induction of genes in adolescents that underlies the strong familial associations with an early age of drinking onset (Agrawal et al., 2009). Another recent study found that youth sipping alcohol in the 6th grade, often at home with parents, greatly increased the chances of getting drunk and drinking heavily by 9th grade when compared with nonsippers, even controlling for temperament and other behavioral problems (Jackson et al., 2015), suggesting an environmental familial influence. Thus, the strong familial contribution to early onset drinking and risks of alcohol dependence include both genetic and environmental components that are hard to untangle.
As mentioned earlier, extreme binge drinking of 10–15 or more drinks in a row was reported among 5–10% of 12th graders in the past 2 weeks (Patrick et al., 2013). This may represent a group that is at particularly high risk of later alcohol problems (Patrick and Schulenberg, 2013). Regardless, the high prevalence of alcohol binge drinking among school children indicates that many are drinkers ( ). Large longitudinal population studies find that the younger the age of drinking onset, the greater the prevalence of lifetime alcohol dependence. When these are combined with assessments of adolescent drinking, they support the idea that a large percentage of those who develop alcohol-use disorder do so, in part, due to adolescent binge drinking. However, other confounding factors are the adolescent emergence of conduct disorder or antisocial personalities that may identify themselves with early onset of alcohol drinking and that later develop into alcohol dependence. Alternatively, heavy binge drinking might disrupt adolescent brain development, altering maturation in complex ways. One study (White et al., 2011) following boys from 8 to 18 years of age found that impulsivity generally declined with increasing age, as mentioned above. Among a subgroup with intermediate impulsivity, heavy drinking at age 14 increased impulsivity at 15, but not older ages. However, continued heavy drinking at 14, 15, and 16 increased impulsivity within the binge group at each age, although both binging and nonbinging individuals showed decreased impulsivity with increasing age (White et al., 2011). These longitudinal findings indicate that the emergence of specific personality traits, such as impulsiveness, thrill seeking, and anxiety, are all adolescent traits, as well as traits associated with risk for alcohol dependence, and that there may be a bidirectional influence between alcohol use and the expression of these traits. Along these lines, impulsivity among university students has been found to predict the quantity of alcohol consumed per month (Caswell et al., 2016).
TABLE 1
Adolescent AgeAdolescent Prevalence of “Having Been Drunk”aPrevalence of Lifetime AD by Age of Drinking OnsetbPrevalence of Lifetime Alcoholism Related to Having Been Drunk at Various AgesbUS Lifetime Prevalence of Alcohol Dependencec (12% of All Ages in US Population)% of Each Grade% that ADCalculated % of Population% of AD Due to Adolescent Drinking AgeGrade 8: 13–14 years old11384.235Grade 10: 15–16 years old30309.075Grade 12: 17–18 years old50178.571
Studies in animals are an important strategy to disentangle genetic and environmental contributions to alcohol use and its consequences. Whereas animals cannot model all aspects of alcoholism (Leeman et al., 2010; Stephens et al., 2010), there are many similarities between animal and human alcohol use. For example, impulsivity is greater in adolescent human binge drinkers and mice with high alcohol consumption (Sanchez-Roige et al., 2014a). Recent studies have also indicated that alcohol can change gene expression through epigenetic mechanisms in a manner that is inherited, representing an environmental alcohol-induced genetic change that was previously unexpected (see Pandey et al., 2015). Indeed, mouse studies find that exposure to alcohol epigenetically alters neuroendocrine and immune gene expression for at least three generations (Sarkar, 2016). Studies in rhesus monkeys have found that drinking in young adulthood strongly disposes individuals toward heavy drinking in adulthood, and this effect is independent of the sociocultural factors present in humans (Helms et al., 2014). Furthermore, studies in mice (Alfonso-Loeches and Guerri, 2011) and rats (Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013) have found that adolescent exposure to alcohol increases later voluntary alcohol drinking. These findings and those described below support the hypothesis that the age of drinking onset contributes to risks of alcohol dependence later in life at least in part via biologic consequences of alcohol exposure.
V. Modeling Adolescent Alcohol Drinking
Human alcohol abuse and dependence (Leeman et al., 2010), as well as sensitivity to alcohol response (Crabbe et al., 2010), can be difficult to model in rats and mice. Humans will drink far more alcohol by choice than rodents, although alcohol drinking preference, positive reinforcement, and negative reinforcement can be modeled in animals. Furthermore, components of alcohol dependence, alcoholic liver disease, and fetal alcohol syndrome are modeled by exposing animals to alcohol via various routes of administration, including ethanol vapor chambers, intragastric gavage, and i.p. injections, all of which can be used to reach high BECs like those associated with human binge drinking and blackouts. Models of adult alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence often involve long-lasting alcohol exposures, but human adolescent drinking is not typically characterized by continuous daily drinking. Generally, adolescent drinking is heavy binge drinking separated by periods of abstinence, as it often involves social events clustered around weekends or holidays when alcohol is available.
Due to commonalities of adolescent development across mammalian species (as described above), we can use animal models to explore the impact of heavy binge drinking during adolescence on the maturation of adult characteristics. Adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure is a model that incorporates adolescent age with intermittent ethanol administration, most commonly 2 days of ethanol exposure followed by 2 days off (no exposure). Although all ethanol exposure regimens (vapor, gavage, i.p.) are compared with an appropriate vehicle control exposure, there is the potential for high levels of ethanol to be aversive. Guerri and colleagues first used this model (Pascual et al., 2007), and others have adopted it to investigate adolescent underage drinking in preclinical studies (e.g., Pascual et al., 2009; Vetreno and Crews, 2012; Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013; Ehlers et al., 2013b; Coleman et al., 2014). Some studies directly compare adolescent and adult responses, exposing adolescents to AIE and adults to an identical adult chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure, and this AIE-to-CIE comparison provides insight into adolescent-specific maturational or age-dependent responses. A major focus of the NADIA Consortium is on AIE-induced changes in behavior and physiology that persist into adulthood. The AIE models used by the NADIA Consortium encompass the adolescent period, include intermittent exposure, and achieve binge-like BECs (>0.10 g/dL). Below we describe studies largely from the NADIA Consortium finding that AIE leads to a persistent increase in neuroimmune gene expression, loss of cholinergic and other neuronal markers, reduced neurogenesis and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as well as persistence of adolescent-like responses to alcohol in adulthood, increased adult anxiety, increased adult alcohol drinking, and epigenetic signaling—all of which suggest that heavy binge drinking in adolescence has long-lasting effects on adult brain and behavior.
VI. Lock-In—Persistence of an Adolescent Phenotype in Adulthood, Including an Adolescent-Typical Response to Ethanol
Several preclinical studies have supported the hypothesis of a lock-in effect: that is, the idea that adolescent-typical ethanol sensitivities are retained into adulthood following a history of AIE (see Spear and Swartzwelder, 2014 for review). As mentioned earlier, adolescents are less sensitive to certain adverse effects of ethanol. Interestingly, several studies have found a similar adolescent-typical attenuated ethanol sensitivity in adults exposed to AIE, such as decreased sensitivity to ethanol-induced motor impairment (White et al., 2002a), conditioned taste aversion (Diaz-Granados and Graham, 2007; Sherrill et al., 2011; Saalfield and Spear, 2015), social inhibition (Varlinskaya et al., 2014), acute withdrawal (Boutros et al., 2014), and sedative/hypnotic effects (Matthews et al., 2008; Quoilin et al., 2012). The rewarding effects of ethanol may also be enhanced in adulthood after adolescent ethanol exposure, with evidence for greater motivation to consume ethanol on an operant task (Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013) and increased ethanol-induced social facilitation (Varlinskaya et al., 2014). Just as in adolescence, the maintenance of these adolescent-like phenotypes may allow and/or promote greater ethanol consumption in adulthood by attenuating sensitivity to adverse effects of ethanol and enhancing sensitivity to rewarding effects. Indeed, evidence is mounting to suggest that adolescent alcohol exposure in rats increases alcohol intake in adulthood (Pascual et al., 2009; Maldonado-Devincci et al., 2010; Gilpin et al., 2012; Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013; Milivojevic and Covault, 2013); this is described in more detail below.
Other long-lasting effects of adolescent ethanol exposure that appear to lock in an adolescent-like phenotype are, for example, a lack of an event-related potential response to ethanol (Ehlers et al., 2014a), increases in impulsivity (although this effect was unmasked after re-exposure to a chronic ethanol procedure in adulthood) (Mejia-Toiber et al., 2014), and greater risk preference (Boutros et al., 2014; Sanchez-Roige et al., 2014a,b; Schindler et al., 2014). Adults with a history of AIE also show adolescent-like increases in sensitivity to the deleterious effects of acute ethanol, such as impairment in hippocampal-dependent memory (White et al., 2000; Broadwater and Spear, 2013b; Risher et al., 2013), and there is evidence of an immature pattern of learning in a fear-conditioning paradigm (Broadwater and Spear, 2014a). Thus, adolescent ethanol exposure produces a variety of long-lasting consequences, many of which are reminiscent of adolescent-like ethanol responses.
Although the mechanisms of AIE-induced changes in ethanol responses are poorly understood, Spear and Swartzwelder (2014) propose that synaptic maturation of excitatory and inhibitory balance may be altered after adolescent ethanol, thereby contributing to the retention of an adolescent-like phenotype in adulthood. For example, persistent alterations in GABAA subunit expression have been observed after adolescent ethanol (Centanni et al., 2014; Risher et al., 2015), a receptor system that undergoes considerable reorganization during adolescence (Yu et al., 2006). Furthermore, there is evidence for enhanced sensitivity of GABAergic tonic current (Fleming et al., 2012) and increased propensity for induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) at lower levels of stimulation in the adult CA1 region of the hippocampus (Risher et al., 2015) after AIE. This lowered threshold for hippocampal LTP induction is indicative of an AIE-induced hyperplastic state across the hippocampal circuit, leading to interference in memory processes, and is reminiscent of an adolescent-like hyperexcitability, at least in the hippocampus. AIE exposure also alters adult dendritic spine density in amygdala and hippocampus in a manner consistent with blunted synaptic maturation, although the precise findings differ across brain regions, perhaps due to differences in stage of development. In hippocampus, AIE-exposed adult rats showed an increased number of dendritic spines, typical of immaturity as well as LTP sensitization (Risher et al., 2015). In amygdala, AIE caused a decrease in dendritic spine density in adulthood that was associated with decreased expression of BDNF and increased anxiety-like behavior and alcohol drinking (Pandey et al., 2015). The differences in projection neurons and interneurons as well as the development of synapses in these various brain regions require additional studies. However, as mentioned above, cortical maturation involves changes in interneuron GABAergic synapses regulating pyramidal neuronal inputs, with immature synapses being associated with a low alcohol response. Glial extracellular matrix deposition appears to stabilize synaptic structure and reduce plasticity, and AIE was found to increase frontal cortical extracellular matrix proteins (Coleman et al., 2011). Thus, it is possible that AIE-induced extracellular matrix deposition and/or microglial priming would stabilize immature synapses, resulting in the persistence of adolescent-like responses in adulthood, although more studies are needed to test this hypothesis.
Neuronal activation to an ethanol challenge appears to be altered after AIE in a brain-region–specific manner. Immediate early genes, such as cFos and egr1, rapidly increase in expression following neuronal firing and thus provide an indirect measure of neuronal response. Acute ethanol challenges increase cFos and egr1 expression in PFC, amygdala, nucleus accumbens, and ventral tegmental area of adult rats (Liu and Crews, 2015). However, adults with a history of AIE have a markedly reduced expression of immediate early genes in response to ethanol challenge in the PFC (both prelimbic and OFC portions; ), and the adult neuronal response in the amygdala is slightly blunted by AIE. In contrast, the nucleus accumbens, a brain region associated with reward and reinforcement, shows an exaggerated cFos neuronal activation to ethanol challenge after AIE. These data support the interpretation that adolescent binge drinking (i.e., AIE) results in increased activation of reward circuitry and inactivation of frontal cortical executive functions during adult binge ethanol, even after long periods of abstinence. Together, these findings indicate that AIE alters adult brain responses to ethanol as well as other adolescent-typical characteristics in a manner consistent with increased risks of alcoholism.
VII. AIE Increases Ethanol Self-Administration in Adulthood
Human studies report that earlier initiation of alcohol drinking is associated with an increased likelihood of developing an alcohol-use disorder across the life span (Grant and Dawson, 1997; DeWit et al., 2000). Preclinical models of binge AIE have also revealed increased voluntary ethanol drinking in adulthood in rodents (Pascual et al., 2009; Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013; Broadwater et al., 2013c; Gass et al., 2014; Pandey et al., 2015). When assessed by two-bottle, free-choice drinking with increasing ethanol concentrations (3%, 7%, and 9% every 3 days) beginning in adulthood, an i.p. AIE exposure led to a twofold increase in voluntary ethanol self-administration in male Sprague–Dawley rats (Pandey et al., 2015). Similarly, Alaux-Cantin et al. (2013) found that early (P30–P43), but not late (P45–P58), i.p. AIE exposure to male Sprague–Dawley rats increased voluntary ethanol consumption and preference in adulthood by approximately 75%, also assessed by two-bottle, free-choice drinking. In the same study, increasing the ethanol concentration (i.e., from 10% to 20% ethanol) and limiting the two-bottle choice to every-other-day access led to a larger, twofold increase in drinking and greater escalation of ethanol intake in adulthood. Finally, assessment of operant self-administration of 10% ethanol in adulthood revealed an approximate 70% increase in ethanol intake. These AIE-exposed adults also displayed a higher breakpoint across progressive ratio sessions, indicating that AIE-exposed rats will expend more effort to obtain ethanol. In another study, exposure of male Long–Evans rats to AIE vapor inhalation (P28–P42) increased ethanol intake by approximately 30% in adulthood when assessed via operant self-administration (Gass et al., 2014). Interestingly, these AIE-exposed rats later required approximately 33% more sessions to extinguish the learned ethanol-seeking behavior (Gass et al., 2014). In an adolescent self-administration model involving sole-source 10% ethanol in a sweet solution (0.125% saccharin/3% sucrose) for 30 minutes from P28 to P42, adult Sprague–Dawley rats increased voluntary consumption of sweetened ethanol by approximately 30%, but not consumption of 20% ethanol, relative to control subjects drinking the sweet-only solution (Broadwater et al., 2013c). A caveat of this study, however, was that control rats exposed to the sweet-only solution during adolescence drank relatively more sweet-only solution in adulthood, indicating greater adolescent responding for all rewards as well as the exposure effect increasing familiarity—the adult rats preferred whatever solution they experienced in adolescence. In another study (Pascual et al., 2009), male Wistar rats with a history of i.p. AIE exposure (P25–P38) that were assessed in adulthood on a two-bottle, free-choice model with 10% ethanol every other day for 10 days exhibited a twofold increase in both ethanol preference and resulting BECs in adulthood, and AIE-exposed adults continued to drink more ethanol than controls during a subsequent limited access to ethanol (1-hour access to 10% ethanol at the end of the light phase). Taken together, these rodent studies are consistent with human data and support the hypothesis that early initiation of binge drinking during adolescence increases ethanol seeking and drinking in adulthood, contributing to the development of alcohol-use disorders later in life.
VIII. AIE Results in Decreased Behavioral Flexibility
Behavioral flexibility refers to the ability to change a previously learned reinforced behavioral response to a new response in light of changing task demands or reinforcement. In a practical sense, behavioral flexibility may represent the ability to adjust to the responsibilities of emerging independence and parenthood. A consistent finding of the NADIA Consortium is that AIE exposure leads to impairments in behavioral flexibility in adulthood. In the section that follows, the long-term effects of AIE exposure on behavioral flexibility will be reviewed.
A. Flexibility in Spatial Tasks
Spatial learning is often assessed using maze tasks such as the Morris water maze or the Barnes maze. The Morris water maze consists of a circular tub filled with an opaque liquid containing a submerged platform, which is solved when the animal learns to locate the hidden platform by using spatial cues to escape the water. The Barnes maze is a large, brightly illuminated circular platform with multiple holes situated around the edge. An escape box is located under one of the holes, and the rodent uses spatial cues to locate the escape box. These tasks are ideal for assessing not only spatial learning, but also behavioral response to a subsequent challenge, such as moving the platform or escape hole, that would require a flexible strategy. Several studies have shown that AIE exposure does not affect spatial learning in adult mice (Coleman et al., 2011, 2014) or rats (Vetreno and Crews, 2012; Acheson et al., 2013) when assessed on the Morris water maze or the Barnes maze. Similarly, AIE exposure does not alter acquisition of a radial arm maze or operant task (Risher et al., 2013). However, when the learned location of the escape platform or hole is moved, adult AIE-treated mice and rats require significantly more trials to learn the new location or rule (Coleman et al., 2011, 2014; Vetreno and Crews, 2012). Perseveration of previously learned behaviors or difficulties breaking previously learned habits appear to underlie some of this poor performance. Indeed, AIE-exposed rats also exhibited perseverative behaviors, such as spending more time in the area of the original escape platform (Coleman et al., 2011; Vetreno and Crews, 2012), and behavioral inefficiency, such as taking longer and traveling farther to reach the same goal as control rats (Acheson et al., 2013). Interestingly, neuroimmune-signaling molecules have been shown to correlate with these behavioral deficits: increased expression of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1; discussed in more detail below) was associated with reduced behavioral flexibility and increased perseverative behavior on the Barnes maze (Vetreno and Crews, 2012) and may contribute to deficits in behavioral flexibility. These findings suggest that AIE-induced changes in neuroimmune signaling contribute to AIE alterations in PFC synaptic maturation, increased perseveration, and blunted ability to adapt to changes in the environment.
B. Flexibility on Operant Tasks
Instrumental conditioning involves training an animal to perform a specific action (such as a lever press or nose poke) to obtain a reward, which reinforces the operant action. Several studies have determined that AIE exposure does not alter acquisition of operant self-administration of a reward (Semenova, 2012; Risher et al., 2013; Gass et al., 2014; Mejia-Toiber et al., 2014; Boutros et al., 2016). It also does not change the preference for a large reward (Mejia-Toiber et al., 2014) or performance on a progressive ratio schedule (Gass et al., 2014). However, similar to AIE effects on spatial learning tasks, AIE deficits can emerge when the operant behavior is challenged, such as by changing the contingency between the operant and the reward. In a set-shifting study, Gass et al. (2014) trained rats to use a visual cue to determine which lever to press to receive a reward. Then they changed the rule so that the rat would use location cues and ignore the previously informative visual cue (i.e., set shifting). AIE exposure impacted learning this new rule—rats took longer to perform to criterion and made more errors than control rats (Gass et al., 2014). In a separate group of rats, Gass et al. (2014) trained rats to self-administer a 20% alcohol solution and found that AIE-exposed rats self-administered more alcohol than controls, similar to other reports (Alaux-Cantin et al., 2013). However, when the alcohol reward was withheld (i.e., extinction training), control rats learned to stop pressing the lever much faster than AIE-exposed rats (Gass et al., 2014). In humans, a similar resistance to extinction or abstinence of alcohol drinking after adolescent binge drinking could increase alcohol consumption in adulthood, as well as make it more difficult for individuals to discontinue drinking once initiated. Interestingly, the deficits in both set-shifting and extinction learning were reversed by treatment with the positive allosteric mGluR5 modulator 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzamide, a putative cognitive-enhancing agent. The procognitive effect of 3-cyano-N-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl) benzamide may be due, in part, to its effects on the medial PFC (Fowler et al., 2013), a brain region particularly vulnerable to the neurotoxic effects of adolescent binge ethanol exposure (Crews et al., 2007). Thus, AIE disrupts frontal cortical control, increases repetitive habit-like responding, and reduces the ability to adapt to changes in reinforcement.
IX. Adolescent Alcohol Effects on Anxiety and Negative Affective Behavior
Adolescents can be highly emotional, with some suggesting that adolescents drink alcohol to enhance positive emotional states (e.g., enhancement motives), which has been related to heavy drinking and is linked to certain adolescent personality characteristics, such as sensation seeking, low inhibitory control, and impulsivity (Siqueira et al., 2015). Adolescents often exhibit high emotional and impulsive decision making, associated with negative affective states and low distress tolerance (Ernst and Fudge, 2009), especially among teens who misuse alcohol or drugs (Clark et al., 2008). For example, among Caucasian adolescents, negative affect and low distress tolerance are associated with increased probability of alcohol use (Daughters et al., 2009). Furthermore, protracted heavy drinking may provoke negative affect (Brown et al., 1995; Liappas et al., 2002) and diminish problem-solving abilities (Brown et al., 2000; Goudriaan et al., 2007). Youth who engage in heavy episodic drinking have greater recent and lifetime alcohol consumption, more frequent alcohol-induced blackouts, and more withdrawal symptoms, with all being associated with increases in negative affect (Winward et al., 2014). These studies are consistent with the hypothesis that binge levels of alcohol drinking during adolescence result in more negative affect in adulthood. Although emotional responses are difficult to quantitate in animal models, multiple assessment methods of affect have been developed to determine negative affect and/or anxiety-like behavior in rodents. In general, studies suggest that adolescent ethanol exposure induces long-lasting increases in adult negative affect, although there are some caveats to this conclusion.
A. Rodent Models of Anxiety
Many methods of assessing anxiety in rodents involve measuring locomotion in an experimental chamber, and relative locomotion in risky versus safe aspects of the environment provides an index of anxiety. Such tests include the light–dark box (consisting of a brightly illuminated compartment and a dark compartment) and the elevated plus maze (EPM; consisting of a plus-shaped maze with two open arms and two enclosed arms). Similarly, the open-field test can be used to index anxiety as highly anxious rodents display thigmotaxic behavior, in which they remain close to the walls of the chamber and do not venture into the center. All of these tests involve a conflict between the rodent’s tendency to explore a new environment with the discomfort of being in a bright, elevated, or otherwise unsafe environment (Bourin and Hascoet, 2003). Anxiolytic drugs increase time in the illuminated compartment of the light–dark box and the open arms of the EPM, whereas drugs that reduce time in the illuminated compartment are thought to reflect anxiogenic activity (Pellow et al., 1985; Lister, 1987; Onaivi and Martin, 1989; Bourin and Hascoet, 2003; Prut and Belzung, 2003). Young adolescent rats (P34) move more quickly out of the light compartment into the dark compartment in the light–dark box, consistent with adolescent high anxiety-like behavior, but by late adolescence (P55) behavior is comparable to adult performance (Desikan et al., 2014). Acute ethanol is anxiolytic, and, similar to other ethanol responses, adolescent rats required a higher dose of alcohol to increase open arm times in the EPM than adult rats (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002; Sakharkar et al., 2012, 2014; Pandey et al., 2015). When examining the long-term effects of adolescent alcohol, Sakharkar et al. (2016) found that AIE exposure led to increased anxiety-like behavior in adulthood, as indicated by a significant reduction from about 65% to 35% time spent exploring the illuminated compartment of the light–dark box. Likewise, AIE exposure of Sprague–Dawley rats resulted in heightened anxiety-like behavior in the EPM, specifically, a decrease in open arm entries from about 45% to 30% at 24 hours after AIE that persisted for at least 50 days (Pandey et al., 2015). In the open-field test, AIE-exposed mice exhibited reduced center exploration when assessed in adulthood (Coleman et al., 2014), and AIE-exposed rats displayed longer latencies to enter the center (i.e., thigmotaxis) when assessed over 100 days later (Vetreno et al., 2014). Consistent with the findings that AIE enhanced anxiety in adulthood, other studies reported persistent increases in immobility in the Porsolt swim test. This test assesses the latency of the rodent to become immobile following placement into a cylinder of water and is a screen for antidepressant drugs, which increase the latency to immobility. Adult animals exposed to AIE exhibited both faster latency to immobility as well as more sinking episodes than controls (Slawecki et al., 2004; Ehlers et al., 2011).
B. Anxiety or Disinhibition?
As mentioned above, these common tests of anxiety measure the locomotion arising from the conflict of innate fear of brightly illuminated areas contrasted with the drive to explore novel environments. Consequently, these tests are known to vary across sites and can be confounded by impulsivity, poor behavioral control, and hyperactivity. In light of this, it may not be surprising that some studies have reported results that do not support enhanced anxiety when using the same tests. For example, Ehlers et al. (2013b) found that adult AIE-exposed animals exhibited shorter latencies to enter the light box as well as more vertical movements (rears) in the light compartment, which they interpreted as evidence that the AIE-exposed adult animals were more aroused and disinhibited. Other studies found that AIE exposure increases open arm time in the EPM in adulthood, suggesting arousal, disinhibition, and/or impulsivity, as well as anxiolytic responses (Ehlers et al., 2011; Gilpin et al., 2012; Gass et al., 2014). The interpretation of these data as disinhibition is supported by findings from the modified open-field conflict test. This test provides a measure of disinhibition by assessing a rodent’s contact with a food pellet in the center of a brightly illuminated test chamber. Relative to control subjects, adult animals exposed to AIE spent significantly more time approaching and consuming the food pellet, suggestive of disinhibitory behaviors (Ehlers et al., 2011). A potential mechanism for disinhibition could involve AIE-induced alterations in the maturation of the PFC. Indeed, Shah et al. (2004) found that inactivation of the PFC results in increased exploration of the open arms on the elevated plus maze.
Thus, anxiety and disinhibition appear to be confounds in these tests of anxiety, and the assessments of AIE exposure most likely reflect relative effects between these outcomes. One factor that may contribute to the disparate findings is the strain of rat, as rat strains are known to differ in baseline anxiety measures. Specifically, some reports of AIE-induced anxiety in adulthood used Sprague–Dawley rats (Pandey et al., 2015; Sakharkar et al., 2016), whereas those reporting disinhibition or impulsivity used Long–Evans or Wistar rats (Ehlers et al., 2011; Gass et al., 2014), although AIE enhanced thigmotaxis (consistent with enhanced anxiety) in adulthood in Wistar rats (Vetreno et al., 2014). Another potential factor is the AIE regimen, as the studies reporting enhanced anxiety used bolus administration routes (intragastric, i.p.) and those reporting disinhibition or anxiety applied the ethanol via vapor. A critical difference in these regimens is that the bolus administration will produce more dynamic BEC that rapidly rise and then fall, whereas vapor results in more stable, high BEC. Although all these routes achieve binge levels of alcohol, the different dynamics may shift the balance from enhanced anxiety to enhanced disinhibition. Thus, evidence from multiple laboratories indicates that AIE can promote both anxiety and disinhibition, but the nature of rodent assessments prevents a clear determination of how AIE impacts these two traits.
C. Rodent Models of Social Anxiety
Another measure of anxiety and negative affect in the rodent is the social interaction test. Human studies of adolescent development show that adolescents spend more time interacting with their peers than any other age group (Hartup and Stevens, 1997), and these peer interactions become highly significant and motivating (Steinberg and Morris, 2001; Spear, 2010). In a developmentally similar manner, adolescent rats engage in substantially more social activity with age-matched rats, typically in the form of play fighting (Vanderschuren et al., 1997; Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002, 2008). The rodent social interaction test can be used to measure these adolescent-typical behaviors by assessing social motivation as well as play fighting and social investigation (Varlinskaya et al., 1999) and to provide an index of anxiety-like behavior in social settings (File and Seth, 2003). In adolescent rats, low-dose acute ethanol challenge (e.g., 0.50 g/kg) in familiar, nonanxiogenic environments leads to increases in social behavior characterized by increased play fighting that is not observed in adults (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002, 2006, 2007; Willey et al., 2009), which may be related to enhanced sensitivity to the rewarding effects of ethanol during adolescence (as discussed above). However, higher doses of ethanol (e.g., 1 g/kg) cause social inhibition, albeit to a lesser degree in adolescent relative to adult rats (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002). These behavioral changes are not simple locomotor effects; the same doses of ethanol do not alter measures of nonspecific locomotion in novel test environments (Varlinskaya and Spear, 2002). Early AIE exposure (P25–P45) significantly decreases social preference and social investigation in adult male but not female rats, indicating that AIE-induced social anxiety is sex-specific. Interestingly, this effect appears to be specific to early adolescence, as intermittent ethanol exposure during late adolescence (P45–P65) did not affect social measures in adulthood. Furthermore, a history of AIE, regardless of the timing of exposure, altered the adult male responses to an acute ethanol challenge—specifically, an alcohol challenge increased social investigation and play fighting displayed by AIE-exposed males that were reminiscent of behaviors typically observed during adolescence, an effect that was not observed in control-exposed rats (Varlinskaya et al., 2014). These data suggest that early adolescence, more than late adolescence, is a critical period for establishment of age-appropriate social consequences in male rats.
X. Adolescent Alcohol-Induced Neuroimmune Gene Induction
As mentioned above, immune-signaling molecules and microglia, the brain monocyte-like cell, are involved in synaptic plasticity and brain development. During brain development, microglia undergo dramatic changes in morphology, being rounded and amoeboid in the early postnatal period and attaining an adult-like morphology by approximately P20–P30 in rat cortex (Orłowski et al., 2003; Harry and Kraft, 2012). Immune-signaling molecules, such as TLRs, HMGB1, receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), proinflammatory cytokines, and other immune-signaling molecules, contribute to brain development (Boulanger and Shatz, 2004; Barak et al., 2014). Although their precise developmental role is poorly understood, TLRs undergo dynamic changes in expression during brain development (Kaul et al., 2012) and regulate neuroprogenitor cells (Barak et al., 2014). TLR and HMGB1 expression are increased in human developmental cerebral cortical dysplasia (Zurolo et al., 2011), consistent with involvement in cortical development. During maturation of rat PFC from late adolescence (P56) to adulthood (P80), there is an age-associated reduction in expression of immune-signaling receptors (TLR3, TLR4, and RAGE) that parallels the maturational loss of cholinergic and other neurotransmitter receptors (Vetreno and Crews, 2012; Vetreno et al., 2013). In contrast, HMGB1 shows a developmental increase in expression in PFC during maturation (Vetreno and Crews, 2012). There are also developmental increases and subunit changes in GABA and glutamate receptors that most likely reflect maturation of synapses, as discussed above. Interestingly, studies in mice find that microglia play an important role in maturation of brain synapses and function (Paolicelli et al., 2011; Paolicelli and Gross, 2011). Brain neuronal development involves overproduction of neurons and synapses that are later pruned, and elimination of nonintegrated neurons and silent synapses is associated with improved brain function (Paolicelli et al., 2011) and brain regional connectivity (Paolicelli and Gross, 2011).
Neuroimmune signals and HMGB1 activate microglia as well as release glutamate from astrocytes (Pedrazzi et al., 2006). Signaling between neurons, microglia, and astrocytes contributes to synaptic excitation ( ). Neuronal excitation can release HMGB1 from neurons, activating microglia, and astrocytes that in turn increase synaptic glutamate and other molecules to impact synaptic signaling. Moreover, alcohol activates microglia and astrocytes (Guerri and Pascual, 2010) through neuroimmune signaling, possibly via HMGB1 release from neurons (Zou and Crews, 2012). Postmortem brains of humans with alcohol-use disorder exhibited elevated microglial markers (He and Crews, 2007) and increased expression of HMGB1, TLR2, TLR3, and TLR4 (Crews et al., 2013), as well as proinflammatory cytokines and other neuroimmune-signaling molecules (Crews and Vetreno, 2016). A recent study reported that heavy binge-drinking adolescents have increased blood cytokines (Ward, et al., 2014). These results and others have led to the hypothesis that ethanol induces neuroimmune-signaling molecules and microglial activation, and that this induction in adolescence disrupts synaptic maturation.
In rats, AIE exposure increases HMGB1, TLR4, and RAGE expression compared with controls, and each of these signaling molecules remains elevated in abstinence and into adulthood (Vetreno and Crews, 2012; Vetreno et al., 2013, 2014). These studies are consistent with others indicating a vulnerability of the adolescent brain to AIE, producing long-lasting changes that persist into adulthood. Indeed, we found that expression of TLRs, RAGE, and HMGB1 was negatively correlated with behavioral flexibility; specifically, greater upregulation of innate immune receptor genes was associated with greater impairments in Barnes maze performance in adulthood (Vetreno et al., 2013). The persistence of innate immune gene induction most likely contributes to continuous neurodegeneration (discussed below), as well as to more specific insults to key neurotransmitter systems during adolescent maturation (Crews and Boettiger, 2009; Vetreno et al., 2014).
Although this review highlights HMGB1–TLR4 signaling, there are multiple other proinflammatory genes and proteins increased after AIE exposure in the rat, many of which we have also observed in postmortem brains of individuals with alcohol-use disorder. Our first human brain studies looked at microglia and the proinflammatory cytokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1; CC chemokine ligand 2), which is the cytokine induced most robustly by ethanol among those measured in brain slice cultures (Crews et al., 2006a; Zou and Crews, 2010). We found that postmortem brains from subjects with a history of alcohol-use disorder contain increased levels of MCP-1 protein and the microglial marker Iba-1 in hippocampus, ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, and amygdala (He and Crews, 2007). In later studies, we focused on the OFC, a component of the PFC, and determined that postmortem alcoholic OFC has more expression of HMGB1 as well as TLRs and RAGE (Crews et al., 2013; Vetreno et al., 2013). We also observed increased interleukin (IL)-1B inflammasome markers in postmortem alcoholic hippocampus that could contribute to loss of neurogenesis (Zou and Crews, 2012). In addition, NADPH-oxidase is increased in human alcoholic OFC (Qin et al., 2013), consistent with increased oxidative stress, as found in the mouse brain after ethanol exposure (Qin et al., 2013). These findings show that neuroimmune-signaling pathways are upregulated in alcohol-use disorder, which may be an important aspect of the neurobiology of the disease ( ). Indeed, work from the Harris laboratory found that activation of the innate immune system increases alcohol consumption in mice (Blednov et al., 2011). Studies by multiple laboratories find that TLR, HMGB1, and other neuroimmune-signaling molecules are increased by alcohol and/or alter responses and preference for drinking alcohol, suggesting a bidirectional relationship between neuroimmune signaling and alcohol drinking.
As adolescent drinking is known to increase the risk of developing alcohol dependence during one’s lifetime, we investigated the relationship between alcohol drinking and neuroimmune gene expression across control and alcoholic postmortem brains (Vetreno et al., 2013). Interestingly, two forms of correlations were found linking neuroimmune gene expression to alcohol consumption and alcoholism. First, we found that HMGB1–TLR4 expression in OFC was negatively correlated with age of drinking onset—that is, expression was higher in individuals who initiated alcohol use early. Second, total lifetime alcohol consumption across groups was positively correlated with OFC expression of HMGB1, TLR4, TLR3, TLR2, and RAGE. This persistent relationship between cumulative alcohol use and HMGB1 and TLR gene induction in brain provides support to the hypothesis that alcohol-induced neuroimmune signaling results in long-term changes in brain function and neurodegeneration.
The critical role of neuroimmune gene induction in the persistent effects of adolescent alcohol exposure on neurobiology is stongly supported by Guerri’s studies in both rats (Pascual et al., 2014) and mice (Alfonso-Loeches and Guerri, 2011). AIE exposure in rodents insults PFC, hippocampus, cerebellum, white matter, as well as cognition and reward. Guerri’s laboratory finds that alcohol exposure increases neuroimmune protein expression, as assessed by both in vitro and in vivo methods. Guerri’s studies describe adolescent alcohol-induced changes in the dopaminergic system, white matter, and myelination, as well as synaptic and epigenetic factors, all of which may contribute to changes in adult alcohol reinforcement, anxiety, and cognition dysfunction, and other behaviors consistent with alcohol addiction (e.g., Pascual et al., 2007, 2009, 2012, 2014; Montesinos et al., 2015, 2016). Multiple studies have found that transgenic mice lacking TLR4 do not show adolescent brain neuroimmune gene induction following adolescent alcohol exposure (Montesinos et al., 2015, 2016; Alfonso-Loeches et al., 2016). Furthermore, these mice lacking TLR4 do not show the changes in anxiety, alcohol drinking, cognitive dysfunction, reduced myelination, glial activation, glutamate, and GABA receptor protein expression or epigenetic marker expression typically found following AIE treatment of control mice. Taken together, these studies support the hypotheses that the long-lasting pathology associated with adolescent alcohol abuse is linked to alcohol-induced neuroimmune activation and its resulting pathologic changes in brain.
XI. Brain Electroencephalography and Sleep
Brain function can be assessed using electroencephalography (EEG), an electrophysiological method that records the electrical activity across the brain to evaluate function. EEG rhythmic activity or event-related potentials (ERP) that measure brain responses to a specific sensory, motor, or cognitive event can be studied in both rats and humans to investigate how the brain processes sensory information (Handy, 2005). The P300 or P3 component of the ERP is an electrophysiological measure commonly studied in both humans and rats (Bauer and Hesselbrock, 1999; Porjesz et al., 2005; Ehlers and Criado, 2010). The P3 is a positive potential that occurs approximately 300 ms after unexpected and task-relevant sounds or lights (Gratton et al., 1988). In humans, the amplitude and latency of the visual P3 reduce across adolescence until stabilizing in early adulthood (Hill and Shen, 2002). Adolescent humans and rats have higher amplitude and longer auditory P3 latency compared with adults of their species (Polich et al., 1990; Ehlers and Criado, 2010). A low P3 amplitude in youth with a family history of alcoholism has been suggested to represent impaired inhibitory regulation or disinhibition, possibly due to a developmental delay (Hill and Shen, 2002; Bauer and Hesselbrock, 2003; Berman et al., 2006; Tremere and Pinaud, 2006). Studies of young adult southwestern California Native Americans with a history of adolescent binge drinking reported that low P3 amplitude was related to ethanol dependence (Criado and Ehlers, 2007; Ehlers et al., 2007). Similarly, rats exposed to AIE for 10 days (P30–P40) and assessed as adults 6–7 weeks after ethanol exposure display a reduced P3 ERP amplitude in the dorsal hippocampus (Criado and Ehlers, 2007; Ehlers et al., 2007). Adults tend to have increased ERP amplitude as compared with adolescents. The reduced hippocampal ERP amplitude following AIE exposure is consistent with disruption of hippocampal maturation of function (Ehlers and Criado, 2010). Additional studies are needed to determine how the lasting changes in ERP may be related to alterations in hippocampal neurogenesis, cholinergic signals, glutamate excitatory synapses, and/or other AIE-induced changes in adult hippocampus.
The effect of ethanol challenge on ERP responses in adult rats is also altered by AIE treatment. Similar to humans, adolescent rats (P32) have longer latency P3 components compared with adults. In rats, a dose-dependent increase in the latency of the P3 auditory ERP was observed after ethanol (1.5 and 3.0 g/kg) in both adolescents and adults. In adult rats (P99), the change in P3 latency due to ethanol challenge was smaller in rats with a history of AIE compared with age-matched controls not exposed to ethanol during adolescence (Ehlers et al., 2014a). These findings are consistent with other AIE findings supporting long-lasting decreases in adult response sensitivity to ethanol and retention of the adolescent phenotype (Ehlers et al., 2014a). These P3 ERP studies support the hypothesis that AIE alters brain information processing in adulthood, particularly after ethanol challenge, in a manner that reflects behavioral disinhibition and persistence of adolescent-like responses to ethanol.
The EEG also assesses rhythmic neural activity, with rhythmic activity divided into frequency bands known as alpha (8–15 Hz), beta (16–31 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), and delta (<4 Hz) (Ehlers and Criado, 2010). Event-related oscillations (EROs) within and between different brain regions are thought to reflect neural networks and can provide insight into brain maturation in both humans and rodents (Ehlers et al., 2014b). Higher ERO energy and lower synchrony are found in adolescent humans and rats as compared with their adult counterparts. During early adolescence, humans have higher ERO energy in all frequency ranges (alpha, beta, theta, delta) across cortical regions compared with adults. Similarly, early adolescent rats have higher ERO energy in all frequency ranges in parietal cortex and in all frequencies except beta in frontal cortex as compared with adult rats. Early adolescent humans and rats also have lower synchrony within and across cortical regions (Ehlers et al., 2014b). EEG under wake and sleep conditions undergoes large changes in characteristic amplitude and frequency during adolescence. For example, EEG amplitude and frequency of the posterior alpha rhythm are increased in the adolescent brain. Slower waves in the waking EEG also decline across adolescence (Niedermeyer and Lopes da Silva, 1999; Ehlers and Criado, 2010). These findings are consistent with adolescent remodeling of the brain to increase brain regional connectivity, decrease ERO energy, and increase synchrony during maturation of local and regional neurocircuits in both rats and humans. Interestingly, the adult EEG theta response to acute ethanol following AIE was blunted in parietal cortex (Ehlers et al., 2013a). Thus, similar to the P3 ERP studies described above, adolescent waking EEG is less sensitive to ethanol than adult responses, and AIE blunts the sensitivity of waking EEG to ethanol challenge in adult rats.
The EEG has been used to study sleep in both rats and humans. EEG is used in sleep studies with other monitors of eye movements and muscle activity that divide sleep stages. A well-studied EEG pattern is the oscillatory theta rhythm of 6–10 Hz, which is prominent in the rat hippocampus, but is also observed in other cortical and subcortical brain structures. Hippocampal theta is observed during a variety of activities, including locomotion and active sniffing, as well as during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Theta rhythm in the hippocampus requires cholinergic-GABAergic circuits between the medial septal area and the hippocampus. Most sleep in humans is nonrapid eye movement (NREM or non-REM sleep), and theta disappears in NREM sleep. NREM sleep is divided into three stages, N1, N2, and N3, with the latter called delta sleep or slow-wave sleep (SWS). More SWS occurs earlier in the night, whereas REM sleep increases proportionally in the last cycles before natural awakening. The effects of alcohol on sleep have been studied extensively in adults (Roehrs and Roth, 2001). For example, chronic alcohol abuse in adults produces abnormal sleep patterns that are evident up to 2 years following the last use of alcohol (Drummond et al., 1998). Furthermore, during abstinence, EEG peak frequencies increase in individuals recovering from alcohol dependence (Irwin et al., 2000) with increases in REM sleep associated with relapse. Thus, stages of sleep EEG change during alcohol dependence and recovery.
During adolescence, sleep EEG follows a maturational trajectory. For example, waking delta and theta power decline by about 65% between early adolescence (e.g., ages 9–12) and 17 years of age. The maturational decreases in delta and theta sleep EEG are unrelated to pubertal maturation, but are strongly linked to age (Feinberg and Campbell, 2010). The age-related adolescent decline in EEG power is associated with an increase in brain regional interconnectivity and functional specialization of neural networks that underlie the cognitive improvements during maturation to adulthood (Quartz and Sejnowski, 1997; Tarokh et al., 2010). Acute ethanol challenge in naive adolescent rats alters subsequent sleep; for example, 20 hours after ethanol treatment during the rats’ next sleep cycle, ethanol withdrawal decreases SWS frequencies (1–4 Hz) more in adolescents than adults, suggesting that adolescents are more susceptible to hangover disruption of SWS (Ehlers et al., 2013a). AIE exposure followed by 5 weeks of abstinent maturation to adulthood also caused a significant reduction in episode duration and total amount of SWS in rats as compared with controls. According to spectral analysis, AIE significantly increases cortical peak frequencies in the 2–4 Hz, 4–6 Hz, and 6–8 Hz bands during SWS. These findings indicate that AIE exposure reduces adult SWS, consistent with the interpretation that AIE has altered brain maturation of the processes regulating sleep. Poor quality sleep is associated with family history of alcohol dependence, diagnoses of alcohol-use disorders or major depressive disorders across a lifetime, and acculturation stress. As mentioned above, EEG peak frequencies increase in alcohol-dependent individuals in recovery (Irwin et al., 2000), and increases in REM sleep may be an indicator of alcohol relapse (Irwin et al., 2009). Thus, changes in EEG during adolescent maturation as well as during alcohol dependence and recovery are consistent with EEG, providing insight into the mechanisms of brain maturation and the development of alcohol dependence.
Although the function of sleep is poorly understood, changes in sleep during maturation and in individuals with psychopathology have helped unravel some sleep-related mechanisms (Feinberg and Campbell, 2010). REM sleep is initiated by cholinergic neurons and inhibited by monoamines such as 5-HT (Brown et al., 2012). REM sleep has been referred to as paradoxical sleep because high-frequency EEG waves that are similar to a waking state occur, yet awakening an individual during REM is more difficult than any other sleep stage. The functions of sleep include links to increased clearance of metabolic waste products via the glymphatic system (Xie et al., 2013) as well as alterations in immune signaling. Sleep-deprived rats show a 20% decrease in white blood cell count and significant alterations in the immune system (Zager et al., 2007). Cytokines, such as IL-1 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), play a role in the regulation of normal mammalian NREM. Electrophysiological, biochemical, and molecular genetic studies find that blocking IL-1 or TNF systems reduces spontaneous NREM sleep of healthy animals. Furthermore, antigenic challenge to the immune system increases brain IL-1 and TNF as well as NREM. Because sleep deprivation impairs immune function and immune challenge affects sleep, it has been hypothesized that sleep may be considered a component of the acute-phase response to infection and functions in host defense (Krueger and Majde, 1990; Opp, 2009). More recent studies have found that sleep alters monocyte–macrophage immune cell phenotypes, such as M1-proinflammatory macrophages or M2-trophic wound-healing macrophages (Hakim et al., 2014). For example, sleep deprivation reduces the healing of burns in rats (Gümüştekín et al., 2004) and enhances tumor growth in mice (Hakim et al., 2014). Depriving mice of sleep suppresses proinflammatory signals that promote tumor growth. Sleep deprivation shifted macrophages to M2 phenotypes with more TLR4. As discussed above, TLR4 molecules are signaling molecules for immune system activation that are also altered during brain development and by ethanol. Transgenic mice lacking TLR4 were resistant to the effects of sleep deprivation, consistent with sleep contributing to normal immune-signaling processes and overall health. In alcohol-dependent individuals, increased markers of inflammation coincide with more REM sleep, which is thought to predict alcohol relapse. Pharmacologic neutralization of TNF-α, a proinflammatory cytokine, significantly reduces REM sleep in abstinent alcohol-dependent subjects, linking circulating levels of TNF-α and REM sleep disruptions to the neuropathology of alcoholism (Irwin et al., 2009). Thus, innate immune signaling influences sleep cycles and maturation of sleep, and the enhanced innate immune signaling observed in adult rodents after AIE exposure may be one mechanism by which AIE disrupts adult sleep.
XII. Cholinergic System Development and Effects of AIE
Cholinergic neurons of the basal forebrain play a major regulatory role in learning and memory and are the primary source of cholinergic innervation to the hippocampus (Mesulam et al., 1983; Smith and Pang, 2005). They are generated early in embryonic development (Gould et al., 1989, 1991; Dinopoulos et al., 1992; Linke and Frotscher, 1993) and continue to undergo maturational consolidation of projections during adolescence (Matthews et al., 1974; Nadler et al., 1974; Zahalka et al., 1993). Cholinergic neurons begin to extend their axons toward the hippocampus during embryonic development (Linke and Frotscher, 1993), and axonal expression of acetylcholinesterase, the principal enzyme responsible for degrading acetylcholine, within the hippocampus increases through early to mid-adolescence (P21–P35) (Armstrong et al., 1987; Gould et al., 1991). Similarly, levels of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme responsible for acetylcholine synthesis, peak in hippocampus during early adolescence (about P28) and remain relatively stable until approximately P65, whereas activity of the high-affinity choline transporter was found to increase sharply during mid-adolescence (P40) and return to baseline levels at about P50 (Zahalka et al., 1993). Thus, basal forebrain cholinergic neurons have a developmental trajectory beginning in embryonic development that extends to dynamic maturational synaptic refinement during adolescence.
The NADIA Consortium has repeatedly found that basal forebrain cholinergic neurons are vulnerable to AIE exposure ( ). AIE causes a loss of ChAT-immunopositive neurons in the basal forebrain of both rats and mice that persists well into adulthood (Coleman et al., 2011; Ehlers et al., 2011; Vetreno et al., 2014). This effect appears to be somewhat selective for cholinergic neurons, as mouse basal forebrain parvalbumin-positive GABAergic neurons were not affected by AIE exposure (Coleman et al., 2011). AIE also reduces expression of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, which transports cytosolic acetylcholine into synaptic vesicles for storage until release, in the adult basal forebrain (Vetreno et al., 2014), consistent with the loss of cholinergic neurons. In binge ethanol–exposed adolescent mice, the reduction in cholinergic expression in the basal forebrain is accompanied by downregulation of multiple muscarinic and nicotinic receptors (Coleman et al., 2011) (see ). AIE-induced loss of ChAT expression is adolescent-specific because CIE treatment of adults (P70–P90) did not reduce ChAT (Vetreno et al., 2014). AIE exposure resulted in fewer ChAT plus immunoreactive (IR) neurons at late adolescence (P56) that persisted at similarly reduced levels into young adulthood (P80) and to older ages (P220) (Vetreno et al., 2014). Interestingly, exposure to endotoxin, a known neuroimmune activator, induced a similar decrease in ChAT plus IR, supporting the hypothesis that persistent AIE-induced neuroimmune activation (Vetreno and Crews, 2012, 2015; Vetreno et al., 2013) contributes to the loss of ChAT plus IR. Assessments of ChAT expression in postmortem alcoholic brain found a loss of both ChAT and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter, both markers of cholinergic neurons ( ) (Vetreno et al., 2014). Additional studies are needed to understand the role of cholinergic loss in alcoholism; however, given that human alcoholics tend to start drinking early in adolescence and adult rats exposed to AIE show similar deficits in ChAT expression, it is an intriguing possibility that these two phenomena may be related.
XIII. Monoamine System Development and Effects of AIE
A. Dopamine
Adolescent behavior is characterized by impulsive and risky decision making, which can contribute to alcohol use. These behavioral characteristics are often attributed to specific maturational processes in the brain (Varlinskaya et al., 2013). A circuit of interest for these behaviors includes the ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens, and PFC, which are anatomically connected and play key roles in motivated behaviors (Berridge and Robinson, 1998; Schultz, 1998; Miller and Cohen, 2001; Wise, 2004; Goto and Grace, 2005; Watanabe and Sakagami, 2007). Notably, the flow of information through this circuit is clearly multidirectional, involves specific subregions of the PFC and accumbens, and is not completely understood. Studies suggest that signals of motivational significance first enter this circuit at the ventral tegmental area, which sends dopamine projections to the PFC and accumbens to trigger orienting and reward-seeking behavior (Bromberg-Martin et al., 2010). The PFC and nucleus accumbens also project to the ventral tegmental area (Sesack and Pickel, 1992; Williams and Goldman-Rakic, 1998; Frankle et al., 2006); for example, PFC stimulation can modulate dopamine neuron firing (Gariano and Groves, 1988; Svensson and Tung, 1989; Gao et al., 2007; Jo et al., 2013). The PFC additionally sends glutamatergic projections to the accumbens, where inputs are integrated into the direct and indirect pathways of the basal ganglia to produce motor output (such as reward seeking). Importantly, both the mesolimbic and mesocortical dopamine systems are changing during adolescence, but in different ways. Electrophysiology and microdialysis studies indicate that mesolimbic dopamine activity peaks during mid-to-late adolescence (approximately P45), whereas mesocortical dopamine activity appears to increase into adulthood. Specifically, the mesolimbic dopamine system, which is critical for reward-seeking and approach behaviors, exhibits peak activity during adolescence, with higher tonic dopamine levels and greater receptor expression during adolescence as compared with juvenile or adult stages (Andersen et al., 1997; Badanich et al., 2006; McCutcheon and Marinelli, 2009; Philpot et al., 2009). PFC regions involved in executive control (Blakemore and Robbins, 2012) that would moderate reward-seeking and approach behavior develop more slowly. During youth and adolescence, frontal lobe maturation begins with the primary motor cortex, whereas the PFC develops last (Gogtay et al., 2004). At the same time, adolescence is characterized by gradual increases in dopaminergic innervation to the PFC (Rosenberg and Lewis, 1995; Spear, 2000; Wahlstrom et al., 2010; Naneix et al., 2012) as well as changes in dopamine receptor expression in the PFC (Andersen et al., 2000; Naneix et al., 2012).
Many studies demonstrate alcohol-induced alteration of dopamine neurotransmission in adulthood, as acute alcohol increases the firing rate of dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area (e.g., Gessa et al., 1985) and increases both tonic and phasic release of dopamine in the accumbens (e.g., Imperato and Di Chiara, 1986; Robinson et al., 2009). Less is known about alcohol effects on dopamine in the medial PFC, although alcohol challenge can increase cortical dopamine concentrations (Schier et al., 2013) and alcohol-preferring P rats exhibit lower levels of medial PFC dopamine than Wistar rats (Engleman et al., 2006). Most of this research has been done in adults, with few studies measuring the effects of alcohol on dopamine during adolescence. Of note are microdialysis studies by Philpot and Kirstein showing that adolescent rats have higher basal dopamine levels in the accumbens and a greater dopamine increase to alcohol challenge than adults (Philpot and Kirstein, 2004; Philpot et al., 2009).
Emerging data also suggest that AIE has long-term consequences on dopamine function. In adulthood, tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity was reduced in the prelimbic PFC after an extended AIE (P28–P53), and these rats also displayed a preference for risky choice (Boutros et al., 2014). In one study, microdialysis measurements of tonic dopamine in the accumbens demonstrated that repeated alcohol exposure during preadolescence and early adolescence decreased the ability of acute alcohol challenge to induce dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (Philpot et al., 2009), whereas another study reported no difference in the effect of ethanol challenge after AIE, but an elevation in basal dopamine levels in the accumbens (Pascual et al., 2009). We recently reported that AIE during early to mid-adolescence (P25–P45) blunted the effect of an alcohol challenge to reduce the concentration of dopamine released per impulse in adulthood compared with controls (Shnitko et al., 2016). This finding suggests that AIE exposure results in larger phasic dopamine signals after an alcohol challenge, at least those phasic signals arising from burst firing of dopamine neurons. Consistent with this interpretation, rats that consumed alcohol during adolescence exhibited high-risk preference as adults as well as higher phasic dopamine release in the accumbens to the risky choice (Nasrallah et al., 2011). Moreover, this effect was specific to AIE, as a comparable adult ethanol exposure regimen did not alter risk preference (Schindler et al., 2014). Another dopamine-associated behavior that is altered by AIE is anhedonia, measured with intracranial self-stimulation. AIE-exposed rats did not differ from controls in reward current threshold at baseline, but were less likely to exhibit reward deficits (increased reward current thresholds) after a single or repeated alcohol challenge (Boutros et al., 2014).
Less is known about consequences of AIE on mesocortical dopamine systems. AIE induced downregulation of dopamine receptor expression in the medial PFC (Pascual et al., 2009), and preliminary data suggest that AIE impairs function of dopamine D1, but not D2-type, receptors in the same region (Trantham-Davidson et al., 2015). AIE impacts on mesocortical dopamine may be postsynaptic rather than presynaptic, as one study found that early to mid-adolescent ethanol exposure (P25–P45) did not alter the response of electrically-evoked dopamine release to an alcohol challenge (Shnitko et al., 2014). However, negative data can be difficult to interpret—it is possible that a later AIE exposure targeting the mid-to-late adolescent period during which the medial PFC matures might have a greater impact on mesocortical dopamine release, or it is possible that AIE alters some aspects of cortical dopamine release (e.g., tonic levels) other than impulse-dependent release. Indeed, there is much unknown about AIE alterations in both striatal and cortical dopamine function, including local regulation of dopamine release by D2 autoreceptors, cholinergic receptors, and glutamatergic receptors at dopamine terminals and in microcircuits involving interneurons.
In summary, AIE produces effects on dopamine-associated behavior and neurophysiology that persist into adulthood and may contribute to behavioral phenotypes such as risky choice and sensitivity to alcohol reward that can lead to excessive alcohol intake in adulthood.
B. 5-HT
5-HT is an important neuromodulatory neurotransmitter synthesized in the raphe nucleus. It is one of the first systems to develop in the mammalian brain (Rubenstein, 1998), as 5-HT–immunopositive neurons are generated during early embryonic development (Wallace and Lauder, 1983). Although studies describing serotonergic system development during adolescence are limited, the existent data suggest that this system continues to mature during adolescence, similar to other neurotransmitter systems. Levels of 5-HT
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‘He was a bit of a wonder’ – a tribute to Antony Sher
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2021-12-03T00:00:00
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Antony Sher, who sadly died this week, was one of the most respected actors of his generation. Most closely associated with the Royal Shakespeare Company – with whom he performed many of the most famous roles in the Shakespearean canon including Richard III, Macbeth, Lear, Prospero, Iago, Falstaff, Shylock, Malvolio and Leontes, as well as…
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https://secure.gravatar.com/blavatar/2111f53206f4a816226552e526031a1243058168e1e4eaf50d1cd5632fd1237a?s=32
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The Play Ground
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https://nickhernbooksblog.com/2021/12/03/a-tribute-to-antony-sher/
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Antony Sher, who sadly died this week, was one of the most respected actors of his generation. Most closely associated with the Royal Shakespeare Company – with whom he performed many of the most famous roles in the Shakespearean canon including Richard III, Macbeth, Lear, Prospero, Iago, Falstaff, Shylock, Malvolio and Leontes, as well as other classical and contemporary roles, and for whom he was an Honorary Associate Artist – he enjoyed a hugely successful career on stage and screen that spanned nearly fifty years. He was awarded a knighthood in 2000, for services to theatre.
In addition to skill as a performer, Sher also possessed many other talents, including as an artist and writer. Nick Hern Books is incredibly proud to publish many of his books and plays, including Year of the King – his gripping account of his breakthrough performance in Richard III for the RSC in 1984 – which has gone on to firmly establish itself as a classic of theatre writing.
Here, to mark the sad occasion of his passing, we share an extract from Sher’s autobiography Beside Myself, in which he reflects how he first fell in love with performing. And NHB’s founder and publisher, Nick Hern, remembers his own relationship with Antony – as author, interlocutor, passenger and gift-giver…
This is an edited extract from Beside Myself: An Actor’s Life by Antony Sher.
I owe Esther Caplan my career.
Esther was known as Auntie Esther to all her pupils, though I had a special claim to this name, for my brother Randall had married her daughter Yvette. Esther was officially a teacher of Elocution. This word was more respectable than Acting and more comprehensible to any parents sending their little darlings for tutelage. To learn to speak nicely made sense; to learn to act made none. Who would anyone in Sea Point [a suburb of Cape Town, South Africa, where Antony Sher grew up] become an actor? There was the Cape Performing Arts Board, which did occasional shows at the Hofmeyr [a theatre in Cape Town], and there was Maynardville, which did an annual Shakespeare in its leafy open-air auditorium, but there was little other theatre, no film industry whatsoever and television didn’t yet exist. There was some radio work, yes. In other words employment for about five and a half actors in Cape Town. It certainly wasn’t a career for me.
Esther had been an actress herself, during her youth in Johannesburg, and even worked with the most famous Jewish South African actor there’s ever been, Solly Cohen (later known as Sid James, the lovable Cockney of Carry On fame), but now she was a teacher: this had become her Great Role. She was an outrageously theatrical figure, Sybil Thorndike with a touch of Ethel Mermen thrown in. Tall, proud, big-bosomed, with a crash helmet of lacquered blond hair, skin darkly tanned and quite leathery, splashed with turquoise eyeshadow and bright-pink lipstick. She didn’t talk, she boomed and trilled. She didn’t walk, she strode. She didn’t gesture, she carved the air – thumb arched, forefinger splayed from the rest. Ballet dancers use their hands like this to compensate for not being allowed to speak. Esther was sometimes lost for words too, but only after emptying the dictionary: ‘Oh, my darling, that monologue was so outstandingly, brilliantly marvellous that… it was so superbly, fantastically, unbelievably amazing that… oh my darling, I don’t know what to say!’
She called everyone ‘my darling’. She was the warmest of warm springs; she bubbled, she gushed, she overflowed.
Given her style, the surprising thing is that she was fascinated by modern drama. By improvisation, by the Method School in New York, by the new plays coming from England by Osborne, Pinter and Wesker. So my first lessons in acting were not one might expect from a grand dame elocution teacher in some former corner of the empire – not Rattigan, Coward or even Shakespeare – but something altogether more contemporary.
I quickly developed an appetite for my weekly visit to Auntie Esther’s studio: a bare room above some Main Road shops. I ceased to be Little Ant, hopeless at sport, mocked in the showers. Instead I became anyone I wanted to be.
At first the work was very private – just me and Auntie Esther – but I soon grew greedy for the next phase: a public audience.
Every year there was a local Eisteddfod [performing arts competition] in Cape Town’s City Hall. Along with Esther’s other pupils I entered several categories, Monologues, Duologues, and my favourite, Improvisation. You’d be given a subject, five minutes to think about it and then you were on. I used to cheat. I’d prepare situation, speeches and characters, usually based on favourite film performances – Oskar Werner in Ship of Fools, Harry Andrews in The Hill – and somehow adapt these to whatever subject I’d been landed with. No one seemed particularly fazed by the arrival of world-weary Viennese doctor or sadistic British RSM into a scene entitled ‘A quarrel on Clifton Beach’ and I did well; I won prizes.
In my penultimate year at school the English teacher, Quinn, mounted a production of the Whitehall farce Simple Spymen. I got one of the two leads: the Brian Rix role, the dupe, the clown. The gales of laughter that night were overwhelming; a storm of approval from the same people who’d scoffed at us in the playground. I was hooked.
The drug of laughter, the megalomanic thrill of the cheering crowd…
As I hear the tinny echo of cliché drift into the story, it strikes me that I’m not being altogether fair to myself. The attraction in acting is more deep-seated. I recall one late afternoon, finishing a game of Cowboys and Indians in the garden – me aged about ten or eleven – and my sister Verne unwittingly playing the critic again. She said, ‘You’re going to stop this soon, y’know, it’s puerile.’ I had no idea what the second half of her statement meant, but the first was unequivocal. You’re going to have to stop this soon. I remember staring at the churned black soil under a hedge where I’d been hiding and thinking how beautiful that place looked – a dark and dreamy place of make-believe – and how I didn’t want to leave it. Ever. Was there really no way to cheat fate: this inevitable business of growing up, of becoming sensible, of stepping politely on the earth instead of rolling in it? Was there no way of playing on?
Well, yes, there was, I discovered during that performance of Simple Spymen; yes, there were people – adult people – who did this for a living.
I decided I should go to drama school in London. When I told Esther she swelled her great bosom, gestured with balletic poise and boomed assurances: ‘You’re going to make it, my darling, I know you will, I promise you will. And in England, in London – the very heart of world theatre! Oh, it’s so incredibly, marvellously, fantastically exciting that… oh, my darling, I don’t know what to say!’
We started making enquiries about London drama schools and working on audition speeches.
NHB’s founder and publisher, Nick Hern, reflects on his forty-year relationship with Antony Sher.
Tony was a bit of a wonder. A magnetic actor, of course, but also and equally an artist and author. I published five books by him, and in every case the vivid words were illuminated by equally vivid sketches. Also two plays, and a whole volume of his paintings and drawings. Furthermore, he was a delight to work with: punctilious, of course, but open to and eager for comment and improvement. If only every author were as receptive!
I first met him in 1980 in the wake of publication of his first, and most famous, book Year of the King. I had kicked myself for not having had the idea myself of asking him to keep a diary of his preparations for what turned out to be an iconic performance of Richard III. But the paperback rights were still available, so I seized them with both hands. Several equally illuminating diaries followed, on Falstaff, on Lear, on playing Primo Levi – and an eye-opening autobiography, Beside Myself.
With each publication came obligatory appearances at ‘author events’, and I was flattered that Tony, rightly nervous of being interviewed by someone he didn’t know, would ask me if I’d step in. We began to refer to ourselves as the Abbott and Costello of the literary circuit. I was also his chauffeur (Tony didn’t drive and admitted to a total lack of sense of direction), and I would ferry him up and down the country to satisfy the many fans who would congregate at such events – often clutching an ancient, dog-eared copy of Year of the King for him to sign.
As I delivered him back home at the end of what was to be the last of such tours – for Year of the Mad King – we were met at the door by his husband, Greg Doran, clutching a bottle of Bollinger. ‘For you,’ said Tony, ‘for all your hard work’. If only every author were as appreciative!
All of us at NHB are devastated to learn of the death of Antony Sher, who has died at the age of 72. May his memory be a blessing.
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https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/dick-clarks-new-years-rockin-eve
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en
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Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve
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2017-10-23T00:00:47-07:00
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en
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https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/sites/default/files/emmy.ico
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Television Academy Interviews
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https://interviews.televisionacademy.com/shows/dick-clarks-new-years-rockin-eve
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From Wikipedia:
The program has typically consisted of live video of Dick Clark in Times Square in New York City, counting down until the New Year ball comes down. Since 2005, Ryan Seacrest has been hosting the show outdoors at Times Square while Dick Clark offers comments from a studio. After the ball drops, the focus of the program switches to pre-taped musical segments taped in Hollywood (December 31, 1972-December 31, 1998; December 31, 2000-December 31, 2008) or Las Vegas (December 31, 2009). The segments from Times Square are broadcast live in the Eastern Standard Time zone, and it is delayed for the other time zones so that they can ring in the new year with Clark when midnight strikes in their area.
It first aired on NBC in 1972 and 1973, then it moved to ABC in 1974 and has aired there every year since, except on New Year's Eve 1999 into New Year's Day of 2000. In the three and a half decades it has been on the air, the show has become a mainstay in American New Year's celebrations. Watching the ball drop on Clark's show is considered an annual cultural tradition for the New Year's holiday.
Since Sunday, December 31, 2000, a pre-show, Dick Clark's Primetime New Year's Rockin' Eve has aired live from 10:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. The hour-long program features live reports on the festivities in Times Square, as well as various performances. From 11:00 to 11:35 p.m. ET/PT, the show pauses for local newscasts from ABC's affiliates (stations in Central and Mountain Time Zones may have additional local programming before the show resumes at 11:30 p.m. local time). Despite the name, Dick Clark has not actually appeared in the prime time show since 2003.
Before Rockin' Eve
Before Dick Clark, the best-known New Year's Eve shows on radio and then television were hosted by bandleader Guy Lombardo, who hosted 21 consecutive New Year's Eve shows from 1956 to 1976 on CBS, and for a time in syndication. Lombardo's first radio broadcast on New Year's Eve was heard on December 31, 1928 over CBS Radio, and for a time he even split hosting duties by broadcasting on CBS Radio before 12 Midnight EST and on NBC Radio after Midnight. Lombardo would host 48 straight New Year's Eve broadcasts until his death in 1977, and famously performed "Auld Lang Syne" by his Royal Canadians as the clock struck 12 Midnight, ushering in the start of a New Year.
Once the Lombardo orchestra began their annual television shows, there would be a live segment from Times Square, which was (and still is) the focal point of the nation's largest New Year's celebration. In the early years of Lombardo's television specials, Robert Trout reported on and counted down to Midnight in New York's Times Square; but for most of Lombardo's years on television, another legendary newsman, Ben Grauer, had the honor. (Grauer, by the way, also reported from Times Square for NBC Radio on celebrations following the surrender of Japan on August 14, 1945.
The first New Year's Eve special on television was broadcast on December 31, 1941 on WNBT New York, and consisted of entertainment broadcast from the Rainbow Room, atop the RCA Building in New York's Rockefeller Center.[3]
Due to World War II, there would be no more New Year's Eve specials on television until December 31, 1945. WNBT produced a remote broadcast of festivities in Times Square. While NBC had begun to feed programs to WRGB is the Albany area and WPTZ in Philadelphia, information is unavailable as to whether either or both of these stations broadcast the program, or if it was seen just locally in New York.[4]
Unless New Year's Eve fell on a weekend, NBC would carry a special New Year's version of "The Tonight Show" each year beginning in 1954, including coverage of the arrival of the New Year in Times Square.
Dick Clark himself had actually emceed one New Year's Eve TV special prior to 1972; on December 31, 1959, he emceed a 90-minute New Year's special on ABC. One of the guests was Frankie Avalon. But it would be the last time Clark would do a New Year's Eve television special for the next thirteen years.
The early years of Rockin' Eve
By the 1970s, Lombardo's big band music skewed to an older generation, so Dick Clark started his telecast in 1972 to compete.
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https://www.navy.mil/Resources/NAVADMINs/Message/Article/2423744/fy-21-active-duty-navy-e7-advancement-selection-boards-results/
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FY-21 ACTIVE-DUTY NAVY E7 ADVANCEMENT SELECTION BOARDS RESULTS
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UNCLASSIFIED// ROUTINE R 191559Z NOV 20 MID200000397122U FM CNO WASHINGTON DC TO NAVADMIN INFO CNO WASHINGTON DC BT UNCLAS NAVADMIN 306/20 PASS TO OFFICE CODES: FM CNO WASHINGTON DC//N1// INFO CNO WASHINGTON DC//N1// MSGID/GENADMIN/CNO WASHINGTON DC/N1/NOV// SUBJ/FY-21 ACTIVE-DUTY NAVY E7 ADVANCEMENT SELECTION BOARDS RESULTS// REF/A/DOC/BUPERS/19SEP18// AMPN/REF A IS BUPERSINST 1430.16G, ADVANCEMENT MANUAL FOR ENLISTED PERSONNEL OF THE U.S. NAVY AND U.S. NAVY RESERVE.// RMKS/1. Congratulations to the following personnel who have been selected for advancement to chief petty officer by the FY-21 Active- Duty Navy E7 Selection Boards. Strong competition between qualified professionals is one of the strengths of our Navy and your selection speaks highly of your abilities. 2. This NAVADMIN is not authorization for advancement. Specific dates of advancement will be published by Commanding Officer, Naval Education and Training Professional Development Center Pensacola, FL. Personnel listed below may be frocked in accordance with reference (a) if qualified. 3. Members are directed to verify their select status via BUPERS Online. The selection list is in alphabetical order by rate within competitive category. Read each line from left to right, name and numerical order of advancement. 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Chief Air Traffic Controller Armstrong Sha 023 Bryant Willie 016 Calhoun Willi 012 Dooley Marqui 002 Ferdinand Dan 007 Ford Dustin S 003 Garrow Moreen 005 Guess Diana A 013 Hein Michael 015 Hill Derek Ja 028 Jasmer Levi A 029 Jones Lamar S 011 Kelly Aaron A 021 Leverett Robe 004 Lorincz Steph 020 Mccague Tyler 027 Mireles Juan 024 Moreno Luis R 009 Mutter Randol 001 Olsonsmith Ju 014 Reed Jason Ed 010 Shaw Chris La 019 Shoemaker Dav 006 Spicuzza Jose 022 Tabing Christ 026 Thacker Shapr 017 Torres Scott 025 Waters Lady C 018 Williams Jame 008 ADC - Chief Aviation Machinists Mate Adela Randy M 064 Almeida Rafae 072 Almestica Rey 074 Alvarezlopez 026 Andinolaboy M 003 Antonio Marvi 038 Arango Juan A 030 Balderramos A 017 Baldwin Zache 057 Beach Benjami 042 Beck Christin 059 Bratcher Jame 036 Bruscato Nich 005 Burling Steve 024 Cassette Jaso 010 Castello Nich 087 Cayanan Edwar 069 Chaplin Renee 099 Chapman Samue 043 Cisnerosvilla 086 Cockrum Josep 046 Cordner Jahve 031 Cross Jamale 001 Cruz Ricardo 025 Cruz Steven J 051 Danberry Adam 073 Degala Daniel 084 Deguzman Ryan 050 Dejesus Luis 023 Delapaz Ronri 054 Donahoe Glenn 085 Drake Ian Jos 079 Dunn Randall 067 Eder Edward E 098 Everett Melvi 009 Frey Brooklyn 076 Fuentes Joshu 004 Gates David M 035 Geiger Derric 095 Gonia Megan E 044 Gopalan Sean 096 Green Haifa M 032 Hale Diamond 028 Harvey Ronell 052 Hayes Jason A 008 Hayes Jeffery 034 Hewel Joseph 062 Hood Laramie 045 Jarrett Cody 081 Keeny Steven 089 King Keith Ry 053 Korsberg Thom 013 Krogmeier Eri 012 Lapadat Tyler 066 Lodmell Erik 078 Markham Billy 083 Martin Misha 063 Mccracken Tyl 077 Mcdaniel Kyle 075 Nguyen Huytua 014 Onyika Christ 002 Pearson Miche 049 Peevy David W 019 Perez Arturo 047 Pichardo Carl 007 Quillin Natha 097 Ramirez Loren 056 Ramone Shari 100 Rayamojica Jo 093 Rechcygl Kath 090 Reyes Marvin 027 Roberts Bryce 040 Rodrigueztagl 015 Rolle Torranc 055 Rucker Brande 020 Saintlouis Wi 061 Samborsky Chr 091 Sanchez Larry 068 Sanchez Ruben 041 Sanchez Ryan 037 Serote Emmanu 006 Small Buanca 094 Stanley Savan 082 Stclair John 029 Sturdevant Ro 018 Swanson Erik 048 Taylor Maxwel 071 Trevathan Mar 070 Umstead Shane 022 Valmeo Glenn 016 Vanderbogart 065 Vang Lue Ther 080 Wakeman Justi 033 Weirich Ethan 092 Widen Thaddeu 058 Williams Keen 088 Wilmoth Brian 021 Wintrow Nicho 060 Wright Allen 011 Young Courtne 039 AEC - Chief Aviation Electricians Mate Alander Jacob 038 Altheide Josh 024 Atchinson Eri 016 Augustin Jade 027 Beard Jared M 023 Beckenbach Je 055 Bishop Zachar 042 Blackburn Chr 010 Brazie Tyler 025 Brubaker Adam 050 Camacho Jonat 033 Candello Phil 005 Cook Keith Al 037 Davis Allen W 026 Dungey Gregor 030 Evers Justin 045 Frankwich Nic 019 Garcia Gesant 001 Hare Rommelni 014 Hoener Eric M 003 Jorgensen Jea 043 Jungbauer Kev 009 Klein Nathani 020 Knisley Dougl 011 Kusak Stacie 049 Lebrecht Dean 040 Lloyd Christo 015 Lombardi Mark 029 Marcantonio A 051 Mccraven Bria 004 Miller Christ 039 Mondino Amand 007 Moore Thomas 034 Morgan Jesse 052 Murphy Kieran 047 Nigri Brandon 048 Nowakowski Ed 054 Oneill Robert 002 Parmerlee Amb 053 Peterson Jaco 012 Reyes Christo 018 Reyesspindola 057 Ricke Logan J 021 Rogers Jonath 022 Romanowski Se 035 Sanford Tyler 044 Schinning Lar 031 Schmoll Eric 006 Stemac Wendy 056 Stevenson Ric 013 Tretsven Rich 036 Viau Matthew 041 Wachs Cody Pa 032 Wardrobe Jame 017 Wethered Kenn 046 Whitehead Mic 008 Winfield Arth 028 AGC - Chief Aerographers Mate Andrews Willi 009 Blesoch Dante 014 Clippard Jame 016 Crow Tara Mar 004 Gardner Kiera 011 Gonzalez Jacq 012 Gowdy Matthew 001 Green Shane A 007 Greene Ciera 019 Lanehart Chri 002 Ligon Russell 005 Myers Brett R 018 Novello Mario 010 Reisner Jorda 015 Rigano Emils 017 Salgado Jonat 013 Schwab Trevor 020 Spears Timoth 008 Strait Travis 003 Thompson Chri 006 AMC - Chief Aviation Structural Mechanic Abbott Nichol 017 Afodagni Guyb 098 Allie Jeffrey 070 Asuncion Melv 033 Barnett Justi 094 Benavidez Cec 031 Berger Steven 091 Betancourt Je 005 Blevins Samue 008 Briggs Kimber 025 Buschman Robe 047 Castillo Albe 067 Crete Christo 099 Davidson Jaso 063 Defenbaugh Ma 076 Diaz Humphrey 002 Dionido Mhayn 084 Dorich Alan 072 Drozdowski Je 006 Epler Justin 037 Espinalmedran 090 Fagan Sean Hu 040 Fritz John Ro 011 Fulford Scott 074 Gonzalez Jose 043 Grady Kevin D 029 Graham Angelo 079 Granda Marcel 004 Harris John R 012 Harris Kevin 056 Heil Bryan Th 036 Heissler Cody 089 Heitz Kimberl 066 Hill Brad Nol 015 Hoffman Nicho 080 Hopper Oscar 069 Hughes Dustin 035 Iannone Rober 083 Johnson Chris 097 Jordan Jared 075 Kauper Bradle 078 Kennedy Jerem 048 Labaro Abigai 087 Larkin Matthe 058 Laws Christop 052 Lawton Matthe 054 Leard Adam Pa 039 Lee Robert Wi 027 Livingston Ri 061 Lyn Junior A 001 Marasigan Joe 077 Martin John G 051 Maxey Dustin 009 Mckiernan Jon 022 Mcwilliams Wi 055 Mingle Timoth 030 Nicome Colin 046 Oldham Bryan 092 Pagoada Jonat 085 Paschall Jaso 028 Pearson Steve 049 Peterson Ryan 018 Pledgerwillia 086 Portiz Eugene 032 Ramirez Jonat 003 Reusser David 053 Revay David W 038 Reynolds Robe 071 Rezmerski Dav 093 Rhodes Matthe 062 Rinehart Laur 050 Rivera Romglo 042 Robbins Chris 034 Robinson Luke 016 Rudy Leighton 088 Santana Lisan 068 Schafer Edwar 096 Schroeder Tho 095 Sedlock Antho 081 Sieger Justin 026 Siewe Eugene 019 Silverio Jack 065 Steele Justin 082 Stevens Tradd 020 Stratton Brid 045 Stricklin Meg 060 Swilley Jamma 041 Taylor Lonnel 057 Tesoro Joaqui 024 Todd Richard 059 Weeks Cody Jo 014 Wilkerson Ter 013 Wilkins Thoma 007 Williams Jere 023 Wolf Joseph P 010 Womble Henry 064 Wooten Nichol 044 Yater Daniel 021 Zamudio Harri 073 AMEC - Chief Aviation Structural Mechanic (Safety Equipment) Aguilar Reyna 013 Bartow Ryan L 028 Blackwell Jac 025 Brooks David 001 Chovanec Bran 017 Delgado Chris 027 Docken Christ 009 Doering John 021 Espinosa Jess 018 Evans Germain 024 Geisler Nicho 010 Godshall Case 006 Goodnight Zac 014 Granger Joshu 034 Hall Daniel A 003 Hohenstein Sh 007 Kovach Bethan 026 Mabe Joseph R 015 Martin Mark A 019 Mitchell Chad 011 Montesdeoca D 020 Moore Andre P 004 Ruiz Jason Da 031 Smith Craig E 008 Spydell Sean 022 Tambaoan Mich 002 Thomas John W 016 Torresramirez 032 Tosco John Jo 012 Trevino Virid 033 Wilbourn Dako 030 Wilson Dustin 029 Worthley Pete 023 AOC - Chief Aviation Ordnanceman Ada Victorjac 036 Anderson Mich 067 Bagley Marqui 071 Baird John Th 050 Ballinger Eri 088 Baluyut Mark 086 Baranski Jose 081 Beemer Nichol 037 Betz Kevin Th 023 Booker Delish 051 Bozman Briane 045 Brown Jeremy 077 Brown Kinney 075 Burgess Nicke 014 Cadillon Davi 025 Carlton Travi 073 Carter Breona 084 Cates Summer 001 Chisenhall Pa 062 Collins Joshu 048 Daniels Winst 091 Davis Rylan S 008 Dejesus Omar 056 Dewitt Nichol 042 Dicochea Cruz 052 Dillon Lance 059 Durant Willia 022 Evalenko Jame 013 Evans Jamar J 069 Fallone Justi 087 Fleischman Tr 057 Franklin Jase 011 Goodmon Samue 017 Hamilton Shen 068 Haugabook Jas 028 Hawley Jeremy 055 Haynes Aaron 096 Hesselmann Ch 063 Higson Joseph 058 Hines Malcom 061 Jackson Ryan 066 Jenkins Jason 021 Jenkins Raymo 047 Johnson Geral 019 Johnson Rober 039 Johnson Timot 035 Jones Jaclyn 005 Joseph Jimmy 024 Kessinger Sea 079 Langerman Kyl 046 Lemau Terence 009 Likin Corey M 031 Livolti Mario 044 Lopez Maria D 003 Mabey Michael 026 Mccoy Cedrick 004 Mcdaniel Dyla 002 Mcferrin Feli 065 Mcginty Damon 049 Mcintyre Cory 043 Mclaughlin El 054 Mcleod Heathe 080 Mcneil Toney 027 Morin Zackary 041 Morris Dennel 070 Nixon Jason T 029 Oconnor Brand 020 Paquette Rich 089 Pearson Alex 083 Perata Ata 007 Pettit Everet 074 Richards Dirk 076 Richerson Chr 092 Roberts David 018 Ruiz Roxanne 012 Scheffler Sha 033 Shaw Cody Lav 006 Shields Steph 030 Smith Travis 078 Smith William 095 Snider Ingrid 038 Spain Carlos 082 Spencer Marcu 064 Stanford Kenn 053 Strothers Ant 060 Tadeo Joel Ma 015 Thacker Syman 034 Thornton Carl 016 Tollick James 085 Turner Jasmin 072 Vitanza Micha 090 Watkins Sean 094 Whitmore Nath 010 Williams Jeff 093 ASC - Chief Aviation Support Equipment Technician Bennett Domin 007 Blaseg Benjam 010 Borja Robert 003 Bozeman Anast 021 Brae Dewayne 005 Carrilloalvar 023 Couillard And 015 Drope Matthew 004 Gaviola Krist 019 Hoback Justin 020 Hope John 012 Jimenez Laura 014 Kerr Edward A 022 Limerick Rand 011 Maciasplaza M 001 Malit Ace Qui 002 Martin Romeo 024 Mohr Michael 013 Montgomery Ch 018 Sanchez Micha 008 Sipin Janice 006 Smith Timothy 025 Ugale Gerald 017 Worthen Anton 016 Young Christi 009 ATC - Chief Aviation Electronics Technician Aliipule Char 096 Allen Jason E 092 Anderson Siar 021 Arceneaux Joh 089 Arnold Kevin 108 Arwood Ayrton 115 Austin Brian 057 Ayon Porfirio 050 Ballog Raymon 061 Barber John S 016 Bartmess Noah 018 Basham Larry 069 Belair Ryan M 059 Bils Sarah Ma 148 Bland Edward 010 Blase Michael 003 Bones Travis 068 Bujacich Nich 145 Burgess Antho 045 Burke Travis 054 Campbell Dona 017 Campbell Jeri 103 Chenevert Ada 099 Chessor Joshu 144 Chilson Adam 134 Cole Thomas M 110 Compton Micha 143 Conrad Franci 102 Copeland Cami 129 Coughlin Josh 019 Coxsilver Jon 094 Crane Michael 009 Craven Philli 047 Cuartas Benja 029 Davis Marc Ro 052 Dawson Nathan 024 Dean Kyetta J 123 Decena Miguel 074 Degroat Chris 008 Delaney John 055 Delatorre Jos 062 Demateo Micha 046 Drummond Jero 053 Ducote Lance 014 Fennessey Jos 042 Fossett Richa 083 Frome David J 130 Galindez Dani 081 Gonzales Andr 114 Green Jeffrey 022 Greer Spencer 051 Guz Stephen M 031 Haines Zachar 036 Hall John Rus 093 Hamm Michael 136 Hoying Zachar 118 Hughes Justin 077 Iverson Brand 078 Jenkins John 072 Jones James F 095 Jones Rochad 105 Katris Nichol 041 Kea Bejay 013 Kemple Philli 025 Kenley Perry 034 Kjeldgaard Ch 079 Kniss Frank A 007 Kopp Matthew 058 Krug Jason Ma 104 Kunka Michael 044 Kurtz Joshua 132 Lake Matthew 128 Landis Patric 002 Lawson Quinnt 023 Leary Nichola 076 Leuzinger Dan 073 Levenhagen Wa 027 Lim Lina 033 Linton Desira 142 Logan Keon De 039 Logan Ryan Wa 006 Lucky Aerial 131 Luhring Levi 015 Mance Jonatha 064 Marion Michae 137 Martin Stepha 140 Martinez Mich 125 Mason Brian E 020 Mccoy David G 087 Mcfarlane Sea 037 Miller David 032 Miller Joseph 117 Miller Steve 116 Moe Dennis Ma 071 Moore William 106 Morlock Thoma 098 Moseley James 111 Moser Devin W 056 Navarrette Mi 133 Navarro Ruben 146 Neathawk Just 120 Nelson Zoe Cl 049 Newkirt Loren 080 Norcross Cody 065 Omelia Daniel 043 Pasquale Bret 121 Paustian Step 082 Pinksa Wesley 107 Pio Zachary A 048 Pothier Denni 035 Puente Nicola 109 Reynolds Chri 070 Richard Jerem 122 Ridgway Thoma 001 Robinson Davi 127 Root Russell 101 Rozhanskiy Ye 135 Ryan Lisa Mar 139 Saunders Jere 026 Schipper Tylo 091 Scipione Jose 060 Scott Jacob C 097 Scott Jazmine 124 Shaeffer Kell 119 Simpson Jeffe 084 Siochi Jamesm 147 Smith Jonatha 090 Sokolowski Br 063 Stevens Joel 012 Stiff Serena 004 Sunderman Jos 066 Teague Nickol 112 Teesdale Jona 149 Thomason Dani 028 Tubianosa Don 113 Turnbull Elli 126 Walaszek Stev 141 Walker Brando 085 Walker Derek 011 Walls Teddy R 040 Weston Robert 138 Whitehead Jus 005 Whitman Tyler 030 Williams Josi 086 Wolfe Jamie Y 075 Youmans Jonat 100 Zahra Adam T 067 Zerr Austin R 038 AWFC - Chief Naval Aircrewmen Mechanical Byrd George N 005 Coan West Tay 008 Dustin Donald 001 Gerber Charle 002 Holle Russell 006 Kirby Kenyon 004 Mckinney Davi 003 Pahl Alex Mic 007 Riveramendoza F 009 Tonkin Tyler 010 AWOC - Chief Naval Aircrewmen Operator Bartlett Kyle 004 Butler Jaron 005 Coppage Levi 017 Delise Blake 020 Eichhorn Kris 001 Espinoza Joel 010 Fling Amanda 016 Gray Ryan Sco 015 Haas William 018 Hamilton Matt 019 Hestness Adam 012 Hortinela Edr 007 Joslin Jessic 006 Kubo Brian Ji 013 Larsen Jared 002 Macdonald Mic 024 Moradi Timoth 023 Phifer Alicia 003 Pillars Rober 011 Robb John Dan 009 Sanchez Marco 008 Smith Bradley 021 Smith Michael 014 Tosh Nicholas 022 AWRC - Chief Naval Aircrewmen Tactical-Helicopter Fallon Bendig 003 Gaeta Thomas 009 Gehant Justin 001 Gonzalez Emil 014 Gorsuch Zacha 007 Joseph Michae 005 Lane Mathias 012 Marcum Dwight 013 Morrison Will 006 Pagliei Andre 010 Rehberg Hunte 004 Renacs Gregor 008 Reynolds Chri 002 Satriano Nich 015 Scotten Krist 011 AWSC - Chief Naval Aircrewmen Helicopter Branch Brian 006 Brunette Zach 001 Burns Christo 008 Cantwell Clay 024 Covington Mar 003 Dicks Michael 002 Eaton Randy D 012 Fortney Thoma 026 Gardner Natha 005 Hampton Jonat 016 Hedges Cory R 022 Hill Aaron Mi 014 Howard Andrew 027 Huerta Cesar 015 Igoe Timothy 009 Kaltenbach Br 017 Kurzendoerfer K 004 Leisenring Ku 013 Mccracken Joh 007 Mills Timothy 019 Pohlig Andrew 025 Rodriguez Vin 010 Sarangocastil J 023 Sondergaard S 018 Steen Paul An 011 Vega Alejandr 021 Williamson Ma 020 AWVC - Chief Naval Aircrewmen Avionics Cooper John J 002 Gibson Joshua 001 Mccray Joseph 004 Schmier Willi 003 AZC - Chief Aviation Maintenance Administrationman Allen Christo 041 Ammay Rhaniel 042 Aurelien Jenn 058 Bartley Sylve 005 Bloom Kent Na 010 Bordelon Perr 001 Brys Thomas A 071 Carlin Steven 017 Carter Don Li 034 Castillo Jaso 031 Castillo Migu 012 Chandler Yand 011 Coben Taryn L 068 Copeland Kawa 014 Cox James Rya 051 Delaguila Emi 033 Delgado Janel 024 Dietz Ashley 069 Domaoan Jenni 022 Dow Travis E 043 Eckell Ryan D 004 Epps Annie Ma 054 Ford Ronald M 053 Foreman There 045 Garcia Gilber 049 Hahn Jacob Ot 013 Hanson Ricky 037 Heidel Jeffre 066 Hernandez Ada 073 Herron Tiffan 026 Hoadley Nicho 018 Hollis Shaneq 064 Holmes Sammy 021 Judgeowens Ja 047 Kent Randall 060 Koepke Kerry 059 Lair Douglas 038 Lewis Anthony 015 Liu Sisi 070 Lowe Zachary 032 Lytle Joshua 065 Mason Daniel 036 Matias Jason 063 Mcadams Kyla 076 Mcdonald Chri 028 Murry Earl Vi 035 Newell Tyler 007 Nobles Jon Pa 006 Nunnally Char 029 Oliver Corey 008 Pardee Jason 057 Pellegrin Jus 062 Perry Ledarri 056 Peters Janess 023 Pierce Rachel 020 Prince Jose A 061 Quenga Mary R 046 Reese Michell 044 Sanders Jense 052 Searight Fall 027 Sears Chad Ed 025 Shepherd Bret 040 Spencer Caleb 075 Sybrant Jacob 048 Tafuna Akesiu 019 Taylor Jared 050 Terry Bernade 003 Turner Taurea 030 Vazquez Harry 055 Wiggin Thomas 016 Wilkinson Tra 009 Wilson Adrien 002 Wilson Jarvis 039 Wollaston Hun 074 Wood Steven J 067 Wu Rui Ming 072 BMC - Chief Boatswains Mate Adams Kenneth 010 Andersson Eri 034 Baldwin Willi 051 Benders Ruben 039 Brasch Christ 003 Brown Charles 033 Brown Dennis 019 Brown Eric 069 Brown Marqus 097 Burke Travis 040 Burton Jarrel 013 Castamby Jean 082 Cerezo Lauren 053 Chin Shih Min 017 Chittenden Ro 071 Collier Cassa 059 Cora Rivera A 029 Delmastro Mic 044 Demeter Joshu 031 Downing Mitch 101 Duncan Kerry 006 Dunlavey Kevi 054 Fischer Brand 099 Frankenfield 028 Fremin Devin 009 Gage Christop 070 Grajeda Salva 094 Green Wanda L 098 Gutierrez Lyd 027 Harris Leland 062 Hay Justin Ha 066 Hernandez Alo 084 Hernandez Ger 026 Hernandez Jor 012 Hightower Ear 078 Hightower Jos 015 Hill Haley An 085 Howard Fredri 008 Husic Joshua 021 Jensen Samuel 065 Jett Richard 058 Jimenezsese F 038 Johnson Timot 030 Jones William 037 Kennedy Rober 061 Lafarlette Ju 086 Leary James M 035 Lindsey James 055 Locascio Domi 056 Lopez Daniel 043 Lupher Derric 048 Magana Rogeli 052 Martinez Dana 092 Mcdonald Nich 025 Mckinley Came 067 Mcneal Britta 024 Meadows Jacob 090 Miller Drew E 075 Miller Joshua 050 Mitchell Alex 093 Mohney Alexan 088 Moore Dameion 064 Morris Jesse 001 Newton Kathle 083 Nunis Kimone 103 Oliveri Andre 073 Plett Zackery 014 Pope Chase Ry 041 Popp Justin M 047 Reynolds Kris 046 Ringleman Mic 007 Rish Derek Ma 063 Robertson Mat 102 Rodriguez Car 096 Rossi Antonio 049 Ruffin Donte 072 Ruiz Jorge A 004 Salo Christop 011 Seawright Chr 091 Simpson David 089 Sims Cordaryl 080 Smith Christo 081 Spears Andrew 057 Stanton Matthe 076 Stlouis Ronde 077 Stock Cory Ju 104 Stuckert Josh 095 Szakmary Zach 023 Taylor Kedric 002 Terkawi Maher 005 Teruya Kevin 018 Torres Claudi 045 Turner Linwoo 032 Wahl Justin D 042 Ward Cody Mic 016 Wasiluk Seth 060 Watson Jesse 100 Webster Charl 022 Weston Vincen 087 White Raymond 036 Williams Bria 068 Yazzie Philli 079 BUC - Chief Builder Agee Jeffrey 014 Baughman Bria 018 Bergeron Robe 025 Blair Seth Ra 021 Cid John P 023 Crist Scot Ed 008 Dunlop German 031 French Jonath 032 Garcia David 006 Haller Juston 017 Hamilton Timo 027 Hoffman Dougl 009 Honeycutt Bra 019 Hophan Joseph 026 Johnson Jesse 010 Kaercher Anth 005 Karpinski Sea 001 Katzenberger 016 Kendall Rober 004 Lewis Justin 020 Liles Aaron N 024 Mccluskey Dan 011 Meale Linda M 015 Moradeyo Gafa 030 Pfallen Linds 028 Phillip Sterl 012 Pipoly James 022 Puls Joseph P 007 Pygott Edward 003 Reckers Danie 034 Riddle Martin 036 Ross Thomas C 033 Sage Joseph D 002 Smart Randy D 029 Yamamoto Char 013 CEC - Chief Construction Electrician Arcilla Antho 010 Blake Carolyn 016 Collins Brett 013 Cuenca Dean M 007 Diede Deanna 011 Hickman Eric 009 Hoffer Jerami 014 Mcgrath Jonat 012 Ortiznava Alf 004 Patterson Der 002 Tatro Matthew 008 Urban Justin 003 Valdriz Gilbe 001 Wightman Colb 005 Williams Anth 015 Yamomo Rodrig 006 CMC - Chief Construction Mechanic Backlin Aaron 017 Crampton Tyle 012 Dornath Chad 001 Hall Michael 007 Harris Tracy 015 Husted Duane 009 James Joshua 021 Jensen Edwin 004 Leifeste Luke 005 Linares Salva 003 Miguel Romel 019 Monahan John 010 Oryan Garrett 016 Regnier Brian 008 Soto John II 011 Stadther Just 013 Stephens Kens 006 Stmichel Seth 018 Varner David 020 Wilson James 002 Wymore Aaron 014 CSC - Chief Culinary Specialist Amoyan Ervey 009 Anderson Shem 081 Angquico Rich 041 Aungon Danilo 039 Bailey Vaness 024 Beaumont Kyle 066 Beck Abraham 090 Bobadilla Jer 091 Branch Marcus 069 Brown Kerryan 003 Brown Leondom 010 Byrd Tamra La 086 Cariastobar W 063 Chin Erica Ma 079 Cofie Gideon 033 Cook Joseph K 004 Cruz Victor B 062 Cruz Vladimir 075 Cruz Wilson R 007 Currier Edwar 040 Daniels James 068 Dazzo Joseph 014 Eastland Chas 073 Ebido Richard 045 Elston Rodolf 076 Escajeda Migu 064 Escano Justin 077 Fields Howard 020 Fierro Louis 094 Foxworth Gera 027 Glover Amanda 061 Goodrich Bran 052 Gracianoarbol 060 Gray Kara Eve 072 Greene Shiami 071 Hills Amannda 085 Hines Paul Le 058 Holmes Crysta 070 Holts Terrenc 054 Hwang John Eu 031 Ibeabuchi Chi 013 Jimenez Rosa 017 Johns Troy De 006 Jones Sylvest 082 Keifer James 078 Koutouati Ass 050 Kugblenu Edmo 002 Labinski Jona 042 Laroe Andrew 019 Legette Stacy 049 Liev Linda 012 Liu Libin 065 Manichanh Jac 034 Marshall Kenn 026 Matthews Arme 087 Matthews Bria 011 Mcmullen Jimm 048 Meneses Myrio 036 Miro Samuel 051 Modelowitz Jo 021 Moore Desmond 089 More Raulston 015 Morfin Emilia 023 Mugwe James T 057 Murphy Michae 035 Neal Shanti A 037 Nikolas Amy T 038 Oaks Anthony 032 Osuna Jonatha 044 Overton Leste 046 Pagarigan Fer 074 Pena Hocaly A 022 Pitts Alicia 001 Porter Justin 067 Ramirezsaldan 025 Reveron Joshu 080 Riley Derick 059 Rosete Jeffer 047 Ruff Christop 016 Sampson Ronal 093 Schoeppner Br 029 Sharpe Ebony 092 Shula India C 083 Snear Gary Le 055 Stroud Christ 005 Tercenio Fran 028 Thomasford Ni 030 Valerio Nasta 088 Victor Derric 043 Visoso Ingri 084 Whiteside Jas 095 Yamzon Allain 056 Yipon Dion Ja 053 Young Tanisha 018 CSSC - Chief Culinary Specialist Submarine Boerner Matth 006 Burns Brian D 005 Campbell Jame 013 Carignan Paul 012 Galdamez Alon 007 Johnson Charl 001 Krahel Eric J 011 Lewis Samuel 009 Rodriguezcott 003 Ross Joseph A 002 Stepp Johnny 010 Thomae Daniel 004 White Earl Wr 008 CTIC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Interpretive (Middle East and North Africa) Blaess John 001 Brennan Sean 006 Cunningham Da 003 Franks Christ 004 Hibbler Noah 009 Kobs Christop 007 Linder Anna K 002 Petersen Sore 005 Riggans Myah 010 Smith Eric V 008 Tritz Kristop 011 CTIC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Interpretive (East and Far East Asia) Arnold Aaron 001 Maguire Patri 002 CTIC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Interpretive (Latin and South America) Barrington Ma 005 Bridges Travi 008 Cruz William 004 Ferguson Evan 003 Frederick Nic 002 Riebe Jeffrey 001 Villa Daniel 006 Zolkowski Jes 007 CTIC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Interpretive (Eastern Europe) Davenport Ant 001 CTMC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Maintenance Arthur Amil F 005 Carney David 009 Chapman Cecil 006 Dunlap Robert 010 Everly Shawn 003 Garner Robert 004 Human William 002 Mixon Matthew 008 Rathell Brian 011 Roell John Je 001 Wright Brian 007 CTNC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Networks Alexander Ree 005 Bass Shawn An 009 Bazemore Ront 022 Bernardo Jose 046 Bleau Daniell 049 Brantley Dari 050 Burnett Derek 051 Cheney Christ 010 Clouse Lucas 011 Day Justin Mi 031 Donaldson Bry 042 Durocher Kale 018 Dutkoski Jere 021 Franks Brenda 017 Freeman Vanes 027 Gaydennapper A 045 Hart Michael 036 Heinen Charle 053 Howard Branno 002 James Ashley 004 Jaworski Andr 041 Langford Ryan 038 Longfellow Pa 052 Lopez Gabriel 016 Martinez Gabr 029 Masoud Elizab 047 Mccarthy Aust 040 Mcclelland Sk 007 Medina Alisha 003 Mejia Alanna 013 Miller Tanya 030 Nirenstein Be 054 Oles Nicole L 015 Owen Matthew 019 Pakblyzniuk M 035 Ruyle Zachary 039 Sanger Bryan 028 Schooley Jenn 001 Shinn Andrea 055 Sparks Lashay 032 Spath Brittan 048 Townsley Davi 012 Triboulet Aus 023 Turner Jeremy 008 Turner Mark F 037 Valencia Arma 025 Vargas Harry 044 Vigil Carl Ra 014 Viray Hervie 006 Washer Bradle 024 Wilson Bryce 043 Wolford James 020 Woodberry Bri 026 Yarbrough Aut 034 Zane Kenneth 033 CTRC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Collection Acosta Johnat 007 Acunto Matthe 057 Anderson Mitc 045 Arredondo Wen 020 Astorga Caleb 060 Banks Edward 039 Bates Stephen 026 Birmingham Ro 082 Brown Joseph 038 Calizo Warren 074 Carlson David 009 Coriat Raul 052 Deweese Crist 077 Diaz Steven N 030 Dibble Erik L 062 Durell Michae 044 Durrett Chris 027 Dykes Prince 005 Edwards Antho 071 Edwards Britt 041 Foringer Gabr 080 Graham Toi La 055 Grapentine Ti 047 Hart Tiffany 048 Henry Nichola 076 Hernandez Cat 006 Hobson Michae 066 Horwath Jonat 037 Huff Jonnise 019 Jarger Steven 065 Jenkins Antwo 016 Killebrew Van 056 Knight Kyle S 042 Lazarides Nic 075 Leon Juan Ped 068 Losey Shelly 011 Mahoney Richa 025 Manninen Das 035 Marr Jordon M 031 Marriott Ryan 022 Martinez Moll 043 Martinez Orla 021 Mauricio Kevi 081 Mccann Willia 013 Mcclure Tammy 050 Mcconnell Tho 004 Mclaughlin He 010 Morehouse Nic 079 Morris Jesse 072 Murphywilkins 046 Navan Lauren 061 Nelson Zachar 049 Nyman Brandon 012 Oliveros Jord 069 Pace Tyler Ja 067 Perkins Joel 034 Pierce Katie 032 Pratcher Raqu 033 Ramos Matthew 001 Rickards Heat 051 Saldivar Dani 078 Sanz Samantha 064 Scarborough A 023 Schelmetty Es 053 Schultz Grego 063 Sibley Shaunt 028 Simpson David 017 Smith Jonatha 008 Sprague Dusti 024 Stainsby Thom 003 Stiltner Bria 059 Teitsma Rache 054 Thompson Shar 002 Tomasso Jarro 018 Ulett Jessica 014 Vargas Edward 070 Warren Gage A 029 Whitten Craig 073 Willard Amand 015 Woods Melvin 040 Wright Alexan 058 Wright Julie 036 CTTC - Chief Cryptologic Technician Technical Abbott Shawn 064 Bauer Russell 043 Baun Matthew 018 Beck Robert J 060 Bielecki Benj 035 Booth Brandon 038 Brock Aharon 029 Brown Robert 079 Brunow Alexan 058 Campbell Josh 014 Castellon Bia 045 Chappell Pete 009 Collins Wayne 026 Cook Erik Mon 044 Cordell Mark 013 Crescines Joh 069 Easterling Ja 037 Fickett Ryan 024 Freitag Saman 088 Fugate Nichol 008 Gaffney Micha 019 Garren Jared 042 Gibson Lydia 061 Gilliam Kalin 059 Good John Pat 068 Green Champag 040 Gross Todd Ig 011 Hadleyecklund M 041 Hagberg Tyler 083 Hall Nicholas 031 Hampton Senec 020 Hanshew Tyler 071 Harpell Jorda 056 Harris Arthur 007 Henderson Jef 034 Hensley Travi 055 Holecek Josep 001 Hughes Curtis 015 Julien Vladim 022 Kimmey Domini 066 Landreth Dami 039 Leblanc Raymo 003 Lesurethompso 033 Lobb Amanda I 080 Lopez Mark Ga 036 Martinezsabat 074 Matthews Hale 021 Mcbride Brett 067 Mcdermott Sco 006 Mcdowell Davi 072 Mcguire Chris 091 Mcquay Jerrel 046 Mesman John F 089 Miller Gerrom 075 Mooney Richar 002 Morrison Alis 016 Nguyensmith K 065 Nichols Matth 032 Oconnor Rory 078 Omalley Micha 047 Orozco Alexan 050 Overton Kyle 017 Parlin Mark D 012 Patrick Brand 030 Pelham Bryan 027 Perez Jahnny 049 Rausch Jeremy 090 Reino Eric Al 082 Rice Edwin Ja 085 Riebe Alan Ch 077 Riley Braxton 073 Rivera Anthon 081 Robinson Chel 005 Ross Cameron 048 Rudolph Andre 025 Savary Brian 004 Shaughnessy C 087 Stephen Kaszd 052 Stevenson Jos 084 Swearingen Co 086 Thompson Aris 028 Thompson Jess 023 Thorpe Daniel 010 Valdez Mark A 053 Vossbrink Rya 076 Walker Jared 051 Wehr Dylan Mi 070 Williams Malc 063 Wolfe Joshua 054 Wood Daniel S 057 DCC - Chief Damage Controlman Abrams Gregor 019 Aclan Carloed 031 Anderson Jaso 026 Ballard Jeffr 008 Barrie Presto 044 Bechthold Kyl 016 Brannon Kenne 053 Branson Josep 051 Bullock Willi 033 Carrero Kyle 054 Chan Jeffrey 059 Cherry Michae 004 Costa Joseph 042 Cox Michael J 020 Davis Jeffrey 025 Douthall Shan 010 Edwards Micha 045 Ellis Daniel 001 Ewell Christo 041 Gamble Robert 040 Garraway Tash 056 Garzon Ricky 052 Goodrich Mark 049 Haag Joshua M 024 Harrelson She 027 Hartzog Bryan 060 Henson Jason 047 Hines Erika N 061 Hunter Keith 036 Ioane Ikenasi 057 Irby Walter B 030 Karper Dustin 021 Keemp Rinday 046 Knox Chase De 034 Lee Chenhong 015 Lewis Charles 011 Lyons Jacquel 064 Martinez Davi 022 Mass Rafael 006 Mei Peter Ahc 032 Moore Michael 005 Moriarty Ambe 062 Morris Jeffre 029 Muller Robert 050 Noss Chad Rya 055 Ocampo Daniel 037 Parrett Chris 018 Peters Daniel 012 Rincon Franci 002 Ronshausen Je 038 Sandoval Ryan 039 Schulz Marcus 058 Schutte Spenc 028 Simpkins Shan 063 Steitzer Josh 023 Stillwell Rob 048 Stokes Joshua 017 Tello Erika 014 Toquero Steve 035 Valenza Mitch 013 Vanderstouw R 007 Williams Andr 003 Wilson Andrea 043 Zimmerman Joa 009 EAC - Chief Engineering Aid Andermann Hen 003 Hook Chad Dav 001 Nguyen Alainh 005 Revilla Kalee 002 Rolle Chase 004 EMC - Chief Electricians Mate Achenbach Ben 084 Alonso Vannon 012 Archila Jonat 009 Arias David 052 Arriesgado Jo 080 Balgrove Kjon 086 Banda Miguel 011 Brolsma Lance 074 Brown Jacob S 019 Brummer Nicho 014 Bryant Patric 060 Bryant Steven 068 Byrd Mikeal D 023 Campbell Curt 039 Cepeda Elias 001 Chen Huan Xia 013 Connelly Matt 025 Corpuz Randy 081 Cruz Joealpac 061 Cyrusokoro St 003 Dejesus Chris 004 Delossantos E 043 Farley Chonte 054 Feldman John 062 Fischer Mark 071 Fritz Todd Th 002 Gaillard Kend 073 Gonzalez Ian 028 Goyer Anthony 029 Greene Jason 030 Gutierrezlara 065 Hall Jennifer 038 Hartman Amber 067 Hickeyhall Jo 022 Hortizuela Ry 042 Hutchinson Ne 005 Iwatt Kokoett 035 Jackson Alexa 008 Jackson Elisa 017 Johnson Chris 044 Jones Taylor 072 Ketemepi Komi 045 Kozak Polina 048 Kulak John Jo 046 Lalonde Zacha 077 Lu Jia Sheng 020 Lugo Jon Mich 063 Lynch Matthew 047 Manning John 041 Martin Cody L 075 Mayle Jhoana 051 Mcfadden Mich 040 Miller Bryan 070 Miller Julian 064 Morris Joseph 006 Okoh Shadrach 033 Osikwemhe Mal 057 Pike Kristoph 053 Piyassa Aklai 015 Polson Jason 076 Quach Quy Man 010 Rafanan Kimbe 034 Rosario Joshu 066 Ruluked Pierr 037 Sam Terrence 059 Siewert Melis 055 Smith Caleb T 056 Starnes Micha 032 Stegman Antho 083 Sy Danielleda 085 Tucker Brando 049 Turner Willia 027 Urenavasquez 079 Urquhart Paul 058 Walker Benjam 026 Walker Joshua 021 Wang Ke 036 Warner Okito 069 Wells Kentrel 031 Wilson Shawn 007 Woods Brenntl 050 Woods Dialo A 016 Yaptchouatchi 082 Young Phillip 018 EMNC - Chief Electricians Mate, Nuclear Power (Submarine) Anthony Ronal 018 Austin James 034 Bacino Kristo 028 Beecher Kenne 014 Benedict Andr 027 Benner David 004 Blankenship A 056 Brandt Eric W 002 Calhoun Jerem 017 Carrillo Carl 052 Chengcuenca T 026 Cleveland Dyl 059 Daley Samuel 020 Davis Richard 022 Deweese John 055 Fogarty Micha 024 Gray Brian Ja 036 Grimsley Chri 009 Gunning Jense 043 Hearnsberger 012 Henriquez And 039 Hobson Elliot 032 Jessee Daniel 015 Kaigler David 035 Kennedy Thoma 001 Kinegak Edwar 050 King Alexande 037 Knippa Kevin 003 Marshall Jame 011 Martin Michae 058 Martinez Kyle 044 Mayorga Josep 038 Mazaika Danie 025 Mcdiarmid Ian 054 Mendez Jorge 040 Miller Dustin 046 Morris Spence 023 Nowicki Curti 016 Orwig Ryan Mc 030 Perkins Brand 042 Ray Andrew Da 006 Reinhardt Wil 013 Ridgley Easto 057 Rogers Lawren 031 Romero Jason 007 Romriell Scot 010 Seime Trevor 033 Smith Matthew 021 Snyder Thomas 048 Sperry Cory N 029 Tindal Daniel 047 Titus Patrick 045 Tolbert Brian 008 Toohill Bradl 053 Virtue Michae 041 Winfrey Alexa 005 Wood Chad Way 019 Woodliff Nich 051 Woodward Jona 049 EMNC - Chief Electricians Mate, Nuclear Power (Surface) Adamson Jorda 024 Bechthold Bre 007 Bishop Ryan M 002 Blackburn Aar 006 Bleier Jacob 012 Brazille Levi 023 Cundiff Patri 010 Debski Matthe 020 Evans Stephen 013 Eveland Natha 015 Heinke Kerry 019 Ho Danny 022 Joslin Lucas 014 Meredith Bran 016 Moore Tyrone 004 Mourer Brando 005 Nakaya Kathri 021 Tagliaferri L 017 Tokar Christo 011 Wagner Jonath 009 Walker Kendra 018 Wegmann James 001 Williams Lore 003 Wood Andrew J 025 ENC - Chief Engineman Acostalucena 027 Agosto Ivan 009 Awa Lorenzo W 016 Baptiste Kaim 035 Blum Kelly Ry 015 Butts Varron 020 Carlos Mark K 014 Cervantes Fra 030 Chapman Saman 025 Collins Brent 026 Cremering Rob 044 Delacruz Raym 024 Elgin James B 001 Flaccavento C 004 Hale Kyle Dou 017 Harmon Samant 034 Harris Rodney 041 Holts Lee Chr 005 Howell Spence 038 Imaoka Adam Y 042 Joseph Ruben 031 Linton Corey 039 Miller Christ 045 Moran Mauri 043 Munsayac Jays 018 Orourke Rober 013 Oyler Richard 010 Pellom Audwin 023 Petenbrink Bl 022 Poblete David 029 Purvis Crysta 033 Quinn Gregory 006 Reynosogonzal 036 Robinson Domi 032 Rosa Christop 002 Salazar Reyna 040 Scott Jennife 007 Taylor Michae 011 Tran Vu Uyen 037 Vitols Jeffre 008 Warren Clint 003 Wideman Chad 019 Wilson Cartar 012 Wolpert Curti 021 Zhou Changxua 028 EOC - Chief Equipment Operator Avery Wesley 021 Beckham Matth 020 Blasko Tylor 005 Booth Anthony 016 Bustos Robert 003 Clayton Kevin 013 Cofer Ryan St 019 Cueto Alex Uy 009 Dale Kendrell 004 Eder Sara Nic 014 Green Jeffrey 018 Harris Krystl 025 Ivey Michael 012 James Robert 023 Lengner Jamie 022 Martin Brando 015 Nickeo Willia 017 Payne Christo 007 Rodriguez Jos 008 Schlegel Adam 001 Smith Alexis 024 Swart Jason H 006 Tumlinson Ste 002 Walker Willia 011 Wallace Drexe 010 EODC - Chief Explosive Ordnance Disposal Technician Bejar Ryan Jo 032 Betts Joshua 016 Brooks Tyler 006 Brown Charles 002 Bruce Evan Jo 035 Bull Craig St 022 Cypher Seamus 020 Dorris Peter 009 Feldhaus Mark 025 Ferguson John 024 Gerard Gregor 026 Gorsuch Nicol 015 Greene Jamie 030 Haushalter Ky 033 Heiser Jason 023 Kelly Nichole 001 Lucon Joseph 007 Masson Anthon 013 Medwedeff Dav 012 Melendez Andr 003 Miller Matthe 004 Oberg Garrett 005 Oberley Brian 017 Oneal Johnath 031 Ortiz Jesse L 034 Padmore Troy 027 Piowaty John 008 Schultz Foste 029 Sieczkarek Tr 011 Stabile Jacob 014 Still Jacob A 010 Torrey Vincen 019 Walling Price 018 Willey Seth L 028 Williams Dani 021 ETC - Chief Electronic Technician Agresto Rober 072 Aguila Timoth 012 Almanza Gabri 064 Anderson Sara 031 Ash Jason Dou 033 Bagley Joseph 100 Ball Jamie E 096 Bell Gregory 082 Bertoni Rober 058 Bielak Brett 074 Blocker James 112 Bone Aaron Ch 121 Bonwell Olive 106 Booth Carl Da 002 Brown Dkendri 066 Brown Eric Ra 042 Brown Glenn A 099 Brown James A 041 Burlingame Ra 088 Burton Elliot 017 Butler Christ 057 Chow Edward 118 Churchman Joh 051 Coatney Joshu 120 Cochran John 032 Collins Dave 029 Connolly Mich 046 Cooper Chelse 128 Croucher Chri 063 Davis Damon A 007 Deakle Brandi 073 Deford Kennet 003 Dickey Joshua 025 Dillon Ryan P 059 Dodgion Timot 122 Duncan Candac 036 Dye Michael E 021 Engeberg Lars 094 Erwin Van Kha 078 Evans Aaron D 014 Ferguson Kenn 054 Forde Anwar T 016 Fowler John C 098 Galvan Hector 018 Galvan Juan 024 Gonzalez Nich 125 Gonzalez Samu 070 Greene Joshua 092 Grimm Erik Sc 005 Harrington Ru 123 Howell Garret 116 Huynh Patrick 085 Jackman Dariu 104 Jackson Steve 108 Jones Jeremy 043 Kendall Jonat 115 Kennedy Willi 079 Knepper Chris 055 Krebs Michael 020 Kriska Aryn L 026 Kucharczyk An 102 Kulp Darian R 117 Lacroix Maryg 075 Lederer Antho 050 Lee Alexander 105 Mackes Christ 027 Mai Nguyet Th 114 Malenki Walte 077 Martin Elizab 010 Matcke Herber 011 Mcbee Michael 006 Mcguire Thoma 097 Mclellan Josh 035 Mechling Jeth 019 Mercado Jesus 004 Merritt Antho 124 Merriweather Arem 069 Middleton Ran 081 Millar Aric M 049 Moore Benjami 084 Moore John Ol 037 Morrison Sean 111 Nahalewski Gr 091 Nelson Matthe 086 Nicks Michael 001 Olivar Marcru 110 Orr William H 047 Osman Kenneth 038 Ott Philip Mi 028 Papapietro Mi 126 Passmore Rona 034 Payne Justin 045 Payton Briann 107 Poncedeleonlo 030 Pritt Michael 023 Pultz Nikita 080 Ramic Dino 083 Renshaw Ronal 052 Rodriguez Rao 056 Rogers Benjam 022 Salcedo Jeffr 065 Sampson Joshu 067 Sanchez Eulog 015 Schwab Daniel 044 Shafter Jonat 076 Sharp Daniel 093 Sherwood Kyle 101 Sisler Richar 089 Skalicky Bran 061 Smelser Jacob 053 Smith James J 087 Soetaert Nich 095 Stephens Eric 062 Stewart Kenne 060 Stith Darrell 071 Stubbs Randy 103 Tackett Matth 127 Thorp Rick Th 008 Troe Jessica 119 Troesch Micha 039 Turner Samuel 040 Vandeburg Joh 013 Vang Bee 048 Wade Jesse A 009 Wavra Jay J 090 White Trevor 109 Whiteman Jeff 068 ETNC- Chief Electronics Technician, Nuclear Power (Submarine) Beauchner Eri 019 Bernth Brady 031 Branon Michae 029 Campbell Josh 002 Cardona Micha 025 Cerne Fred Al 037 Davis Jordan 008 Demaris Jacob 035 Farnum Mitche 016 Gibson Caleb 032 Hall Nicholas 010 Happel Alec S 014 Helmrich Anth 030 Johnson Phili 011 Jones Thomas 026 Kapp Matthew 017 Kasely Grant 009 Kessler Jacob 034 Lehmann John 001 Lewis Cody Do 036 Lewis Samuel 003 Lowe Joshua A 006 Mcfarren Keel 033 Moss Billy Jo 038 Ollila Nichol 024 Oneill Shawn 013 Perea Anthony 022 Salway Carl G 018 Scott Jesse R 004 Shuck Zachari 039 Sicina Jeffre 012 Smithburns Ni 020 Stefano Alexa 028 Taylor Christ 023 Tucker Michae 005 Wagner Joshua 015 Walsh Matthew 021 Willman Patri 007 Zolman Troy A 027 ETNC - Chief Electronics Technician, Nuclear Power (Surface) Aarestad Ray 014 Austin Thomas 017 Beeler Jack E 002 Bobst Donald 015 Bradleymoore 013 Demme Evan La 004 Hadley Wade T 009 Harmening Ant 010 Kennedy Alber 005 Mcclellan Way 001 Mcclure Conno 007 Medlin Roxann 006 Newman Molly 012 Starkey Kathe 003 Szymanski Mic 018 Thompson Cody 008 Webb Richard 016 Williams Tony 011 ETRC - Chief Electronics Technician, Submarine, Communications Arebalo Chad 009 Barber Andrew 022 Barber Shanaa 024 Buhle Eric Ja 008 Canas Mario A 029 Chang James H 003 Davis Michael 020 Fedraw Kevin 011 Frontera Case 015 Gentry Randal 005 Greene Robert 028 Haag Alex Rod 016 Hartley Charl 023 Johnson Bubbe 034 Jones Dwight 021 Keith Arron E 001 Koza Nathanie 006 Laguardia Nic 027 Lampright Mic 033 Montgomery Za 018 Nichols Denni 014 Parsons Dakot 025 Pegg Robert S 032 Price Jason P 007 Rickman Travi 013 Riveramelende 012 Simak Kristop 031 Smith Benjami 002 Starlin Mathe 017 Stierna David 004 Tunin Matthew 010 Warwick Colin 030 Williams Bran 026 Williams Robe 019 ETVC - Chief Electronics Technician, Submarine, Navigation Bates Bradley 011 Borne Ray Jos 048 Bottomley Mic 010 Callands Nich 042 Campbell Will 037 Carr Christop 018 Comilang Chad 002 Cornwell Colb 028 Dejesus Bill 019 Detscher Greg 034 Diller Travis 013 Duchene Bradl 016 Durell Jonath 005 Frantzen Chri 004 Gibbons Thoma 008 Grimm James R 003 Guilbault Sha 015 Harris April 049 Hendrie John 046 Hepburn Alex 047 Holmen Alexan 040 Jacobs Jeremi 023 Kenner Cody M 030 Kramer Ryan M 006 Lavallee Isai 025 Leegard Krist 032 Loftus Shawn 043 Mak Matthew L 024 Mccoy Iain La 029 Mickey Christ 014 Moore Brandon 044 Nazario Carlo 036 Nelson Zachar 012 Obrien Lersha 026 Peralta David 021 Pierson Tyler 050 Reed Vernon C 020 Robinson Jaso 033 Rosa Erik Tel 051 Rossin Noah J 001 Roux Jeffrey 007 Russell Antho 017 Sowell Corey 045 Stavola Danie 031 Stevenson Sha 041 Taylor Eric M 022 Villa Samuel 039 Warrington Ti 027 Winters Camer 035 Zellman Tyler 038 FCAC - Chief Fire Controlman Aegis Ackeret Antho 004 Anderson Adri 038 Baker Daren J 015 Baker Thane T 036 Beckwith Ian 041 Bensch Jonath 035 Berglund Dona 040 Blankenship H 006 Bowman Jason 009 Bridges Patri 011 Brown Connor 022 Brubaker Ambe 039 Campanelli Ja 014 Camphouse Rob 002 Cardona Charl 005 Cavasos Shawn 053 Daly Timothy 058 Darnell Chris 042 Denson Gabrie 018 Earling Micha 026 Ferguson Keit 027 Flores Jesus 024 Gary Ryan Dou 049 Giannini Nica 012 Hagan Jacob A 030 Hernandez Vic 056 Hoggard Mark 051 Hruska Lee Aa 028 Hurley Jeffre 055 James Sean Mi 043 Jewell John L 057 Johndrow Stev 007 Johnson Nicho 019 Journell John 034 Konopa James 023 Lane Zachary 052 Law Brandon M 001 Legwen Glenn 029 Leigh Andrew 037 Lopez Ryan Jo 016 Miller Bradle 021 Miller Jr Edw 044 Monaghan Benj 047 Parker Javon 059 Phipps Caleb 025 Schwemmer Mic 033 Sledge Bryan 060 Standridge Ch 017 Strickler Amo 003 Sweeney Natha 008 Torres Felici 048 Torres Franci 045 Tortorello Da 046 Tripp Kevin A 013 Troutman Bran 054 Wang Calvin T 020 Weiss Jason C 050 Williams Shaw 031 Yates Kerry L 032 FCC - Chief Fire Controlman Adams Mitchel 056 Alvarenga Jer 083 Anderson Just 024 Andrews David 137 Armstrong Rob 001 Arnold Nathan 136 Ashmore Rober 105 Bastes Tamerl 086 Blackstone Al 038 Blaize Travis 115 Bledsoe Chris 077 Blunt James T 033 Boles Jesse A 035 Bowden Justin 071 Boyles Jacob 139 Brixey Kenton 039 Brown Shari C 058 Butts Joshua 027 Cadden Patric 069 Carroll Roman 144 Carter Elizab 044 Casel Bryan F 100 Cejacastillo 068 Cervantes Nic 118 Clack Benjami 099 Clark Jennife 073 Collins James 128 Condon Kyle J 134 Cooper Corey 030 Darnell Nicho 075 Davis Darien 078 Davis Todd Eu 089 Dean Dusty Jo 043 Decoste Georg 045 Delarosa Juan 152 Diniega Klifo 011 Dunham Joshua 133 Duran Rolando 127 Emge Caroline 048 England Derek 023 Escobar Willi 106 Faraone Charl 012 Francismutenc D 072 Frey Avery Ja 096 Fulcher Chris 084 Gallingerlong 120 Galloway Dani 032 Geisler Willi 148 Gelock Camero 103 Gorra Raymond 042 Gragg Skyler 088 Greathouse Ro 085 Gregory Kyle 040 Guilford Chri 005 Hall Kelly Ch 151 Hammontree Ho 074 Hancox Connor 149 Harry Bruce C 082 Hatfield Ronn 104 Hawkins Aaron 049 Hehir Robert 067 Heming Matthe 101 Hernandez Har 015 Higdon Clinto 047 Hippe Melody 119 Hoar Timothy 026 Holdeman Jere 007 Johnson Denna 131 Johnson Deyzh 087 Johnson Samue 057 Johnson Steph 019 Keaton Neil D 017 Kim Lewis Y 102 Kinter David 029 Koons Rachel 140 Lagreca Kevin 002 Lara Phillip 145 Larson Jeffre 138 Larson Justin 110 Lavanture Mic 121 Leondis Matth 063 Lewis Lawrenc 020 Lin Paul Fran 016 Master Michae 113 Matczak Matth 053 Mathis Timoth 093 May Bryson Ay 097 Mccollum Uker 010 Mckay Michael 018 Mckee Jacob M 036 Mcmonagle Mar 109 Mcwatt Andrew 092 Miller Tenari 025 Mills Kirk J 132 Mirsky Thomas 122 Mixon Patrick 112 Morales Juan 117 Moroney Megha 079 Moyer Connor 124 Munn Dylan Jo 150 Napier Jeffre 041 Newsome Quent 031 Ngiraingas Pu 107 Nudo Brian Qu 022 Paschke Jonat 060 Pepperman Dav 129 Perry Gary Al 008 Pineyro Amaur 130 Platfoot Benj 014 Quade Randall 135 Ramsey Joshua 050 Ray Sean Eman 114 Reaves Justin 013 Reimer Matthe 052 Robertson Chr 037 Rohrbach Stev 125 Ross Jason Al 064 Ross Ryan Ran 065 Sanders Justi 146 Sanderson Col 055 Schannot Jaso 006 Scherer Rober 051 Schwanek Kevi 095 Scottsmith Ch 147 Sessions John 009 Smith Aaron C 061 Spooner Justi 046 Stanley Nicol 059 Stewart Brand 004 Straw Joshua 141 Suttmoller Ch 054 Tapiaavila Ed 142 Thomas Christ 076 Thompson Just 080 Tierres Ignac 090 Tsosie Brian 034 Turnermartin C 111 Velasquez Dav 126 Waak Mellisa 066 Wagner Chad S 094 Walker Mark A 091 Walker Tapfum 070 Walling Joshu 062 Wallswolf Dev 143 Watts Zoar Le 116 West Sean Col 003 Williams Chri 123 Williams Geor 108 Winter Meliss 098 Wright Christ 021 Yin Shuwei 081 FTC - Chief Fire Control Technician Alvarado Mark 005 Bagley Jonath 015 Behnken Kevin 018 Bosch Tyler J 019 Brannon Kent 006 Browning Robe 007 Burghardt Chr 008 Burton Miles 009 Burton Rae Ly 003 Dean Marico M 016 Foster Jay Ru 014 Frisbie Jeffr 010 Gwin Joseph M 017 Harrison Robe 002 Newton Dougla 013 Pahr Scott Gr 011 Strickland Ca 004 Thomas Adam C 012 Watson Christ 001 GMC - Chief Gunners Mate Anderson Dane 066 Barrett Colbe 063 Brice Cliffor 046 Brown John Mi 029 Buehner Logan 077 Burden Antoni 010 Carr Austin A 030 Castillo Rona 014 Christensen B 007 Christos Jose 026 Clark Tatiana 048 Coleman Treym 019 Contreras Ken 016 Crenshaw Will 001 Crispin Talbo 011 Davis Jonatha 027 Davis Kody Ch 062 Dean Joshua A 073 Dowell Cornel 058 Figueroalopez 003 Ford Cecil Ad 036 Garlick Nicho 041 Gonzales Artu 074 Hackney Willi 067 Harris Farren 075 Hedgpeth Thom 054 Hitchler Samu 064 Horn Levi Der 071 Horn Ryan And 065 Hover Arthur 038 Howard Eric D 024 Howard Shane 004 Jackson John 078 Jaramillo Ant 056 Just Andrew P 025 Klei Corey An 070 Lamotte Chris 012 Levett Andrew 042 Lindert Mark 037 Littlepage Ch 009 Litzelman Chr 052 Lopez Bryan F 043 Meli Christin 040 Michel Daniel 053 Molloy Daniel 039 Morin Whitney 033 Oconnell Jose 060 Olson Justin 017 Orr Kyle Duan 049 Ortega Eduard 061 Parker Brian 028 Perkins Damia 006 Pryor Caprice 002 Redford Zacha 047 Reis Brenda E 013 Riedesel Mich 032 Rivers Dejion 020 Rosariogarcia 044 Rottinghaus B 015 Salinasbicker 050 Santos Elihu 055 Schaaf Clinto 072 Schachtner Dy 068 Schanbacher J 076 Silva Jose Fr 069 Sleesman Harv 045 Stabenow Eric 057 Steerman Chri 031 Sullivan Dari 034 Tow Aaron Jam 018 Vancil Griffi 035 Vazquezzayas 051 Waddell Cassi 022 Wallace Jesse 005 Washington La 021 Zuniga Victor 059 GSEC - Chief Gas Turbine System Technician (Electrical) Asumang Frede 034 Best Benjamin 013 Bliss Spencer 037 Brandau Wesle 033 Burgess Travi 018 Caldwell Aust 022 Call Ryan Ste 032 Carbajalmuro 039 Chrisman Kyle 002 Claypool Thom 031 Collins Scott 005 Coloncolon Da 017 Corea Agustin 003 Danao Ryan 020 Dixon Scott E 036 Djanmah Godfr 035 Dulski Michae 007 Edwards Ashle 027 Hancock Marga 038 Hernandez Rob 001 Himbert Kyle 009 Ismael Michae 019 Jeffers Tyler 045 Jones Matthew 008 Leonard Jessi 040 Mayes William 025 Mellott Sarah 021 Molnar Ciejay 014 Owens Sherie 006 Pazdur Steven 024 Pullin Sholjm 004 Reeves Irene 012 Rivera Christ 030 Robinson Jarr 010 Rodriquez Nat 041 Sartor Andrew 023 Scaife Charle 011 Sereno Anna J 044 Skov Russell 026 Soder Cory Ch 029 Sullivan Kyle 015 Tucker Terren 028 Tyron Joseph 043 Vidamo Cleo V 016 Vining James 042 GSMC - Chief Gas Turbine System Technician (Mechanical) Abellera Alvi 045 Ancheta Khris 032 Anis Dexterja 019 Antico Sam Jo 059 Babler Adam C 008 Barfield Greg 018 Barnabe Andre 021 Bass Steven C 003 Batario Eleza 015 Blake Tyler J 046 Blalock Andre 062 Bonnett Mitch 038 Brader Brandi 065 Brobbey Maliq 035 Brown Duane 041 Buenvenida Ha 057 Bunch Josiah 058 Bush Christop 007 Busteed Rober 014 Carter Nico 051 Casner Robin 013 Castrolopez C 012 Chandler Carl 053 Cook Davin La 034 Djamen Sandra 052 Escobar Eric 048 Fanel Joan M 061 Franco Oliver 042 Gardner Shaco 056 Guerrero Vict 011 Heholt David 009 Henderson Qua 025 Hernandez Dou 024 Jalon Jay Alm 029 Karlstromer K 020 Kates Russell 023 Kelley Ian Ja 068 Kingsbury And 066 Lennon John 040 Mckeown Sean 031 Mckissack Jon 016 Midgette Thom 055 Miles Deariel 064 Montgomery Jo 050 Mora Gonzalo 005 Nicolas Krist 033 Opol Louie Ja 037 Peterson Jaco 004 Poehls Robin 054 Pregmon Brand 027 Ramos Lestert 049 Reyes Mark Ba 030 Ripple Gerri 060 Robinson Cour 039 Rocha Joseph 017 Slaughter Jos 006 Sliver Karl D 036 Tibbs Marcus 026 Vanmeter Ezek 063 Vergara Larry 043 Vincent Jules 044 Watkins Stuar 047 Watson Kevin 022 Webbwade Floy 002 Weldeyes Kiru 028 Young Jonatha 067 HMC - Chief Hospital Corpsman Agorrilla Cla 129 Aipia Kaheala 125 Albarran Jesu 206 Alcala Daryne 186 Allen John E 267 Alvarado Jesu 154 Alvela Jona M 085 Anderson Jess 177 Avila Gabriel 174 Aylesworth Mi 136 Ayton Orette 033 Azzaro Nichol 233 Banlaoi Kathl 198 Banuelosloera 053 Baumbach Davi 032 Bell Stephen 059 Bello Eduardo 131 Benitez Jenni 056 Bentley Lakes 049 Blair Kenneth 232 Blakeslee Rob 046 Bowers Joshua 228 Braddock Timo 013 Brewer Derek 240 Brewer Haley 216 Brooks Joshua 244 Brooks Kevin 168 Brown Anthony 103 Brown Ivan Le 155 Brown Tramain 019 Byers Beatriz 254 Cabrera Juan 081 Cadiente Lise 188 Cajas Wendy M 077 Caluya Carl M 110 Campbell Rena 245 Carson Fletch 161 Carter Matthe 112 Castro David 257 Castro Miwa B 259 Chambers Jont 132 Christensen Z 146 Claxton Tamis 160 Coddington Je 170 Cogburn Pierc 034 Coleman Matth 117 Comeaux Jody 225 Cooley Darriu 102 Corsey Matthe 207 Crisostomo Or 191 Crockett John 041 Cruz Christop 101 Cuevas Ricky 165 Davis Cody La 214 Davis John La 104 Davis Xavier 234 Deleon Martin 230 Desouza Maria 105 Devalk Jonath 143 Dewey Christo 065 Diaz Anthonyg 001 Diaz Jonmac B 145 Dobbs Anastat 044 Domenech Ashl 249 Duncan Daniel 247 Dutton Michae 167 Edwards Jesse 189 El Avesta 052 Elder Adam Ch 115 Elder Brittan 038 Eleter Steven 123 Estrada Chris 047 Farness Eric 107 Fenner Gianca 082 Figueroa Edwi 194 Fletcher Mich 008 Flores Jesus 238 Foisy Brandon 095 Footdale Matt 266 Francis Maya 220 Franklin Cand 073 Fredenburg Co 262 French Jon Ku 253 Frye Alicia D 270 Fu Robert Jam 251 Fuhrman Randy 067 Galleguillos 048 Galvin Chad W 017 Garciavega Ig 100 Garrett Falic 099 Gee Michael V 134 Gervasi Antho 163 Glemser Andre 040 Gonzalez Albe 162 Greenprice Ty 248 Hardy Phillip 271 Harris Steven 148 Harrison Bern 269 Hart Kaleb Ch 156 Hartz Brad Ja 173 Head Steven J 063 Hedberg Laure 184 Hernandez Ade 036 Hinds Christo 182 Honnoll Ryan 080 Huerta Christ 058 Hunter Roderi 061 Hurley Sean M 002 Hwang Mok Yon 133 Imperial Will 199 Ingraham John 242 Irish William 138 Isgar Paul Mi 200 Jaime Ryan Ja 091 Jaremback Ric 183 Javier Charli 012 Jimenez Silbe 024 Johnson Chris 004 Johnson Cleor 142 Johnson Shaun 153 Jones Ann Cap 003 Jones Darrell 089 Juarez Sharon 169 Julien Michae 119 Keller Amy Fr 015 Keys Raymond 116 Kilcrease Wil 215 Killings Anth 179 Kumar Ranit R 126 Lamb Tiffany 273 Lambrose Chri 208 Langhorne Dan 108 Lanning Sarah 069 Larot Jessie 039 Larson Trevor 219 Lee Nicholas 098 Lemon Leilani 055 Lenzi Austin 190 Lett Kurtis D 236 Leusink Joshu 037 Lim Peterfran 027 Linton John R 187 Lopez Megan N 141 Lopez Miguel 258 Lotito Nichol 239 Lund Robert J 181 Lynch David C 057 Mabry Laura M 042 Madrid Sergio 010 Maizano Marvi 031 Manila Danilo 212 Manjarrez Nic 092 Marrone Ameth 140 Martin Denys 185 Maughan Carlt 164 Mcbride Josep 149 Mcfarland Jos 263 Mcfarland Mic 211 Mcgill Ambros 264 Mcguyer Peter 086 Mckeever Alej 193 Mcnett Michae 070 Meintrup Robe 022 Mejia Amanda 241 Mercado Rolan 114 Mercado Willi 011 Millard Justi 023 Miller Barbar 192 Mills Ivan 043 Miranda Marka 147 Mitchell Step 171 Moheit Bryce 152 Montes Jasper 084 Mooney Ryan P 175 Moore John Do 113 Morales Oscar 030 Moralesalarco 237 Moses Tyranny 111 Mumphrey Jarr 075 Murillo Migue 062 Muriuki Nafta 135 Muyot Michael 196 Neese Allen J 025 Ngo Eric Son 157 Nickols Samue 151 Nunez Christo 097 Olaes Jason M 178 Onditi Kenned 218 Ortiz Reinald 122 Owens William 209 Paez Daniel A 260 Palmer Amanda 243 Pameticky Row 272 Park Robert M 204 Parker Coy Dy 028 Pena Federico 201 Perkins Marc 079 Perry Christo 060 Peters Shedri 018 Pezeshkian Fa 235 Phillips Mari 074 Pinon Christo 050 Pomida Raymon 246 Pope Wesley C 166 Pressley Almo 035 Proa Julie Le 078 Rangel Gloria 150 Reece William 045 Reid Scott Ri 093 Reilly Steven 172 Reyes Reina E 083 Reynolds Adam 144 Richeal Eliza 121 Richmond Crai 051 Rivera Frank 118 Roark Katrina 124 Rodrigues Mar 006 Rodriguez Jes 109 Roe Ellasan E 203 Sabala Brando 026 Salas Jennife 226 Salovinkhazem 275 Salveson Tiff 064 Sanchez Prisc 231 Sanders Tyrie 229 Santos Cristi 076 Saunders Davi 268 Serigny Noah 014 Severino Timo 217 Smith Anthony 180 Smith Zachary 261 Soots Scott A 137 Soto Elizabet 072 Stavros Travi 195 Stilley Bradl 256 Stillwell Rob 016 Sy Prudencio 274 Tabino Elizab 128 Tahays Victor 066 Taylor Jeremy 265 Taylor Sylves 213 Thomas Christ 088 Thompson Matt 223 Todd Damien 158 Toland Kevin 087 Torres Elyana 120 Treer Patrice 029 Turgeon Jason 139 Turtle Tommy 250 Undheim Steve 222 Unger Shane M 159 Vannoy Felici 090 Vargas Jeanpa 224 Velez Emilio 068 Villa Catheri 071 Viveiros Chri 009 Vorlicky Adam 094 Warren Jerrol 255 Watson Joshua 021 Waugh Kenneth 205 Weber Eric Ki 176 Wescott Steph 252 Wiencek Walte 210 Williams Anth 096 Williams Char 130 Williams Cher 197 Williamson Da 007 Wilson Michae 127 Wilson Nicole 054 Winters Randa 221 Wright Kisha 106 Wright Neisha 227 Yutuc Jennife 020 Zarzeck Britt 202 HTC - Chief Hull Maintenance Technician Almaguer Step 013 Avery James L 020 Brackett Troy 019 Cooper Lovell 006 Eicher Curtis 002 Gault Christo 014 Gomez Marcos 026 Howard Jennia 010 Hutchins Jona 001 Jackson Bryan 022 Jacobus Krist 005 Lee Mike 024 Lubrani Johnp 004 Magee Ryan Ro 021 Maloney Eric 007 Najera Librad 015 Ortiz Jorge A 012 Perezramos Ho 025 Petersen Jaco 008 Petite Morgan 018 Pulsipher Zac 017 Rody Derek An 009 Terrell Willi 016 Vann Loveasia 023 Volavka Jared 003 Young Tyrin S 011 ICC - Chief Interior Communications Electrician Allbritton Je 017 Almon James A 008 Blaine Chad A 009 Bridges Charl 003 Butt Sher Ali 011 Davis Jeremy 002 Dunford Charl 020 Garmon Britti 019 Gonzales Este 015 Lopez Desirae 013 Mccauley Jona 012 Nelson Sade I 016 Ols Michael J 014 Overton Willi 005 Rodriguez Eli 010 Rohwer Casey 007 Stephens Kevi 006 Taylor John W 018 Vargas Jesse 001 Yamamoto Mich 004 ISC - Chief Intelligence Specialist Adams Connie 034 Adams Robert 053 Anderson Jare 028 Atkinson Bria 067 Barnes Anthon 013 Bounds Tyler 037 Brautigam Jos 063 Burton Domini 040 Camacho Manue 062 Cernecarl Gwe 044 Chavez Michae 012 Clemente Mich 058 Denhert Trevo 023 Diaz Jorge 073 Donelow Trini 005 Doyon Jared G 047 Eaker Michael 050 Elmini Christ 015 Ervin Micah J 011 Evanoff Nicho 022 Gibson Robert 004 Graner Aimee 016 Hale Zachary 027 Harlow Ernest 002 Hodge Joseph 025 Horn Sarah El 008 Jefferson Por 072 Kaczmarczyk E 041 Kinsella Robe 036 Lajiness Josh 065 Liston Erica 021 Long Samuel I 055 Lopez Dinorat 026 Lydick Aleene 042 Masulis Ronal 035 Mcceader Rick 052 Mcdaniel Nich 048 Mckay Robert 030 Miller Chaney 019 Miller Hailey 077 Minor John Ch 049 Morrow Justin 045 Murrietta Nic 070 Obrien Daniel 060 Parks Emily L 039 Perry Patrick 075 Phillips Dyla 071 Picha Jacob A 024 Powe Joseph M 046 Pozuelos Will 061 Quinlan John 017 Raby Spencer 066 Ramirez Migue 076 Reese Zachary 038 Richardson Ak 059 Roberts Kenne 051 Rush Rachel N 057 Russell Chris 031 Sarver Kyle F 006 Seitz Glenn P 068 Sipavicius Ju 069 Spenrath Alex 043 Steward Justi 074 Tabacco Thoma 056 Thacker Steph 033 Thompson Phil 010 Vitale Christ 001 Waldrop Joshu 029 Walker Daniel 003 Webb Marissa 064 Wendelin Henr 032 White Tori Le 020 Whitley Wayne 018 Williams Zach 007 Wilson Caleb 054 Worley Seth A 009 ITC - Chief Information Systems Technician Acker Donald 083 Acosta Diana 145 Alcazar Alfre 091 Alexander Jos 103 Amis Benjamin 186 Anderson Cody 106 Anthony Chris 204 Apusen Bernar 010 Austin Brando 156 Ayala Deric E 016 Banda Samanth 084 Bankey Andrew 134 Barragree Bri 225 Bennett Chris 044 Berry Dalon D 131 Bettels Micha 073 Blakes Christ 081 Boggs Robert 171 Bosworth Dani 026 Broadway Raym 043 Brouwere Ryan 095 Brown Anitra 122 Brown Matthew 132 Broxton Herma 201 Buffone Kreg 100 Burks Jynean 089 Burnom Sharon 168 Burns Christo 149 Bussard Jenni 143 Butler Garret 236 Butler Willia 208 Campbell Shau 015 Casao Michael 205 Casuga Richar 046 Charette Jame 206 Chavez Darrel 102 Cooper Sherod 029 Coulter David 068 Cristobal Chr 162 Cronin Willia 049 Cruz Narcisco 066 Curtis Dougla 057 Curtis Jennif 074 Dangerfield D 059 Deering Jeffr 034 Delong Nash W 192 Deputy Grace 234 Diniz Brendan 238 Dixon Ritamar 207 Douglass Rave 199 Driesslein Ho 175 Dwyer Peter M 112 Eastman Rober 031 Elgesem Lucy 193 Elliott Russe 019 Elmore Calvin 024 Encinas Bryan 004 Ennis Elmer A 119 Evans Cameron 198 Ewars Jonatha 001 Faircloth Alv 058 Fields Nichol 124 Fontanaviles 094 Fountain Leon 025 Francisco Pet 092 Frank Jeffrey 079 Fried Andrew 161 Fuller Eddie 114 Garcia Carlos 033 Garcia Emily 158 Garcia Ivana 135 Gardiner Andr 086 Gardner Chris 181 Gardner Herbe 055 Gibbs Shana M 011 Gisclair Rick 164 Givens Albert 117 Glassman Jeff 169 Goodsell Matt 113 Gordon Joshua 151 Graves Eric D 098 Green Allen L 006 Green Tataian 136 Grewal Kelvin 023 Gutierrez Mar 209 Ha Jaehwan 021 Haisan Zachar 237 Harris Toccar 071 Hays Nathan S 163 Heckenlaible 076 Hernandez Don 200 Hill Gregory 120 Honey Koby We 228 Hoyer Brett P 047 Hoyle Melissa 177 Hudson Jasmin 020 Hunsaker Cale 197 Ilanan Jonath 078 Ison Logan Je 216 Jefferson Chr 166 Johnson Kiana 069 Johnson Matth 142 Johnson Tony 227 Jointer Akeem 159 Jones Patrick 226 Junius Avery 189 Kelley Shawn 187 Kessler Eric 230 King Larry Wa 088 Kirkland Jero 096 Lakes Terranc 116 Lara Lindsey 217 Larson Nichol 215 Lattimore Rob 008 Leader Michae 232 Leonguerrero 070 Likewise Matt 039 Lindsey Serri 002 Little Stephe 218 Lively Joshua 065 Livengood Set 105 Long Terrell 240 Longo Anthony 125 Losasso Jonat 072 Lungren Brand 037 Lylesmurphy R 045 Mallinson Ric 210 Maloles Rheis 017 Manley Christ 138 Marcus Ayanna 104 Marshall Jeff 118 Martin George 176 Martinez Carl 173 Martinezgonza W 038 Mateo Lee Oli 041 Mcauslan Kell 221 Mccurty Travi 030 Mcdonald Shaw 042 Mcgrady Sarah 133 Mckenna Matth 107 Mcmillan Ebon 127 Meyers Joel M 231 Milbourne Cha 222 Miller Jennif 027 Misiewicz Bra 203 Mitchell Emor 075 Mitchum Damie 111 Mixen Dustin 188 Mixon Timothy 053 Montano Josep 229 Moore Darryl 128 Munoz Tamika 051 Napa Jianfran 235 Newns William 061 Ng Franky Shi 052 Ngo Duc Thanh 139 Noyes Laryssa 194 Orange Carlto 035 Pagan Jan Nic 213 Pardue Reco D 165 Parrill Andre 160 Parrish James 087 Pham Andre Sa 196 Phonxaya Jame 239 Pilson Jonath 155 Pizana Cher M 060 Proano Marco 147 Ransom Korey 178 Reynolds Soph 090 Richardsonaco 223 Rittenhouse A 190 Rivera Loyda 054 Roach Benjami 121 Robertson Car 148 Robinson Ange 152 Rodgers Bryan 109 Roller Bryan 224 Rosario Hecto 179 Roseberry Mel 167 Rueda Alejand 056 Salazar Nesto 110 Sallette Aman 009 Salters Rasho 067 Sandeen Jason 093 Schulte Orin 195 Selbe Michael 063 Shaddock Robe 022 Shannon Taler 085 Shepherd Euge 154 Simonsen Tyle 099 Slone Tylor B 174 Smallwood Tyl 212 Smith Zachary 101 Soto Celio J 123 Spicer Demetr 007 Starbard Mitc 013 Stegner Allan 202 Steward Charl 018 Stewart Deont 129 Stiff David S 050 Stillman Glen 211 Stoneham John 182 Storey Justin 140 Stratford Mic 219 Sumlin Deatri 005 Sutton Alan E 097 Swartzlander 126 Swift Justin 144 Tessandori Ju 048 Thomas Carl R 214 Thomas Merced 080 Thomas Shunte 036 Thompson Kevi 137 Toney Jerry C 014 Tucker Robert 012 Tushaus Austi 130 Vanderpool Aa 220 Walker Kara M 064 Walker Nichol 185 Ward Anthony 184 Washington Ar 153 Weems Christa 108 Wentling Davi 115 Weston Dawn K 150 Wilkerson Jas 157 Williams Chri 082 Williams Javo 233 Wills Annesia 170 Wilson Michae 141 Wilton Justin 032 Wonacott Kath 183 Wooten Kendra 077 Worriax Jessi 191 Wren Marlin A 028 Xiong Dee 146 Yamane Daniel 172 Yeung James 040 Yousef Evelyn 180 ITSC - Chief Information Systems Technician (Submarines) Bianco Steven 013 Center Lucas 005 Challacombe S 008 Dale Ryan 010 Daynard David 002 Derie Jered J 007 Ebaben Adam J 004 Elder Hiram A 009 Gaskin Maryam 015 Gaudreau Mich 006 Jones Kenneth 003 Mcduffie Rand 016 Nelson Eric C 014 Scripter Ryan 017 Sepulveda Ang 001 Shelton Derek 012 LNC - Chief Legalman Ambrozich Amb 011 Bobb Karen 009 Braun Sueann 002 Compton Brend 008 Glaspie Debra 003 Holden Katie 012 Hornmolett Me 004 Lee Precious 010 Rolling Victo 005 Stegall Oneka 007 Wilson Courtn 006 Zinnah Keiana 001 LSC - Chief Logistics Specialist Abduazimov Sh 137 Achusi Chizob 054 Adams Makia D 004 Adedoyin Siki 096 Adeleye Olayo 095 Adolfo Dinche 053 Ageyenkov Dmi 030 Alegre Markan 066 Alingig Gretc 087 Allison Kevin 140 Andres Edgar 106 Becerraobrien 155 Belcher Kryst 109 Benjamin John 014 Black Brittan 069 Blanco Amber 037 Bogle Joseph 118 Bond Larry Eu 133 Bonn Travis M 015 Botoy Ibarra 073 Bravo Francis 114 Brion Kevinni 104 Brunzell Scot 160 Brzezinski Fr 149 Campbell Chri 126 Campos Luis M 139 Caparas Melvi 107 Carbone Chris 110 Carmin Syndie 099 Channell Nath 111 Chavez Evelyn 070 Chery Gregory 047 Clark Dykema 016 Cole Christop 045 Coleman Nicho 078 Cortorreal Le 059 Cruzalmanzar 075 Cuellar Migue 051 Curry Laura A 129 Daignault Ash 135 Das Paramita 150 Davis Clinton 122 Davis Joel Re 007 Debideen Anup 119 Deluna April 142 Deroux Wesley 060 Desir Kerline 132 Diaz Jordan D 127 Doamekpo Koss 084 Dolphin Cryst 116 Dumas Jarod D 046 Egesdal Ryan 165 Elliott David 086 Enciso Claudi 128 Engles Ryan A 081 Erifevieme Du 141 Feliciano Jon 130 Felsing James 144 Fernandez Jul 112 Fierrobetanco 017 Firmino Maico 121 Floyd Yaminah 036 Foster Shante 102 French Terril 063 Gagliardo Ste 148 Gall Leslie R 055 Gallardo Omar 028 Garcia David 065 Garcia Franci 006 Goodin Gerald 101 Hernandez Abr 079 Hill Ashley N 090 Hoefflin Juli 131 Homans Mark L 034 Hunt Christop 146 Hyland Jeffre 108 Jacob Jamie M 161 Jeanjacques J 080 Jeter Tavaris 094 Johnson Micha 025 Jordan Derek 010 Kahabka Aaron 163 Keys Damell L 002 King Jessica 058 Kiya Kassa Le 091 Kusiappiah Kw 164 Larsen Matthe 136 Littleton Tav 049 Long Jamie Ri 064 Lu Cenon Baut 018 Lustre Vaney 092 Maddagan Ambr 103 Mallari Rende 124 March Sophia 003 Martineau Cli 011 Martinez Pedr 076 Mason Michael 068 Massara Patri 153 Matanza Adelb 061 Mccann Michae 162 Mccray Marqui 021 Mensah Ishmae 085 Miller Robert 151 Mohamed Abdou 038 Montes Joshua 082 Munoz Anthony 001 Nadermann Mic 052 Nash Mark Ant 032 Nwankwo Mary 157 Orpilla Jomel 098 Osorio Carlos 020 Ostrander Jos 143 Palad Maan Ca 113 Parker David 041 Parker Dyandr 089 Pena Joseph J 088 Peters Roy Le 074 Petros Jeffre 145 Pinnock Prisc 115 Portillo Geme 050 Presto Joey B 040 Quickordonez 026 Rabajante Cla 117 Raguindin Row 029 Rawls Anthony 123 Regan James G 159 Reyes Paolo A 105 Rico Martin 009 Rivera Honeyl 062 Roderos Cezar 013 Ross Aisha Ja 033 Rouse Mark Al 048 Russell Shant 005 Sebastian Mat 134 Sierra Jeremy 008 Sillah Allie 100 Silva Daniel 043 Smiley Nichol 035 Smith Kamron 056 So Carl Andre 156 So Di Hong 039 Soliz Anthony 138 Spencer Benja 152 Stroud Denise 023 Taylor Leanth 120 Thomas Willia 012 Thompson Tiff 042 Tieku Justice 147 Tilley Aaron 024 Turner Stepha 022 Villanueva Jo 125 Villena Jerol 093 Villicana Mor 154 Wade Kevin Mi 083 Washington Ja 067 Whaley Jason 097 White Nichola 158 Wilkins Derek 031 Williams Lave 072 Wilson Anthon 019 Wilson Kerwyn 044 Zerby Daniel 071 Zhu Can Zhao 077 LSSC - Chief Logistics Specialist Submarine Acosta Jerry 009 Coleman John 014 Comini Matthe 011 Dabaja Isaac 008 David Richard 002 Johnson David 004 Jolley Andrew 006 Kyle Wilburn 001 Merkling Elen 005 Mincey Samant 003 Singleton Kyl 012 Walker Toreyt 007 Wicks Joseph 010 Zajac Sean Te 015 Zepp Joshua I 013 MAC - Chief Master at Arms Abernathy Cod 005 Ackerman Benj 076 Almon Jeremy 067 Amann William 065 Anderson Defo 042 Andrews Jenni 021 Aponte Conrad 056 Araujo Antoni 016 Araya Amanda 074 Arnett Gregor 045 Atkins Michae 003 Belcourt Tull 079 Brack Gina Ra 075 Brandenburg J 069 Brodie Franci 043 Brooks Brenda 108 Brooks Matthe 020 Brown Jeffrey 054 Brown Jeffrey 034 Buffum Jessic 040 Callahan Kyle 025 Carral Alejan 121 Clark Kimathi 024 Cline Cruz Ch 105 Corniel Luis 118 Cornwell Just 083 Cottle Kathle 124 Cox Christoph 090 Cox Jonathan 091 Crockett Laki 086 Crooks Anthon 123 Curtis Cory A 097 Dacosta Brand 008 Davies Bryan 106 Davis Jason P 126 Dejong Arthur 087 Dennis Kristi 085 Dietrich Josh 120 Dover Tommy L 061 Duker Robert 023 Dunlap Jacob 006 Durham Joshua 007 Early Robert 013 Esquivel Alfr 053 Etsitty Yolan 051 Eybers Matthe 014 Ferrell Jerem 011 Ferrer Joshua 036 Field Chad Ra 133 Finley Ardis 018 Forbes Deandr 098 Fox Steven Gr 102 Freeman Nancy 129 Gallardo Rodo 015 Garcia Ralph 035 Gomez Natasha 055 Green Jacob L 078 Guzman Stathi 095 Hallford Jera 109 Harris Ian Jo 082 Hassett Marce 073 Hauser Christ 012 Hermsen Kimbe 032 Hinchliff Dan 127 Holt Jacob Le 115 Houck Jesse J 009 Howard Cindy 050 Hudson Felici 038 Jeanmarie Ted 029 Johnson Dante 019 Johnson Jerem 094 Johnson Micha 070 Jones Joshua 072 Jones Paul Ea 080 Julien Alicia 111 Kearney Dusti 093 Kellogg Jarma 004 Kustesky Kimb 052 Lampton Steph 017 Lansing Jacki 046 Leduff Cody D 060 Leonard Willi 089 Lopez Byron A 044 Mack Dimitris 119 Maldonado Mig 039 Martinezibarr V 028 Mather Bryan 064 Matteson Bria 037 Mccarroll Mic 131 Molatore Adam 096 Moore Megan L 110 Mugavero Anth 114 Mullins Crist 049 Nobles Christ 047 Olander Susan 033 Patricio Davi 022 Pelletti Kory 130 Perez Chad Ed 104 Piedra Peter 084 Pierce Jake B 134 Pizarrocruz K 112 Plumb Zachary 026 Presler Travi 100 Rainey Marisa 058 Reulecke Levi 066 Riendeau Josh 107 Rodriguez Lui 122 Royer Danny R 063 Savoy Terrenc 030 Scribner Jess 132 Segura Domini 088 Shantz Nichol 068 Shelton Willa 057 Smith Christo 048 Smith Kevin D 117 Stavrakis Jam 135 Steele Germai 041 Stewart Kyle 001 Tanis Tamara 031 Torresandujar C 116 Trammell Ryan 002 Valencia Edil 027 Vautour John 125 Vorselen Brea 081 Wands Tylor M 113 Watkins Johnn 103 Welch Michael 077 Whitaker Bo R 010 White Andrae 128 White Daniell 092 Williams Davi 071 Wilson Jon We 062 Wilson Paul R 099 Woodlee Thoma 059 Worsham Derek 101 MCC - Chief Mass Communications Specialist Connors Ty Co 005 Curtis Anthon 004 Escobosa Josu 003 Gomez Michael 001 Jackson Matth 006 Steckler Kyle 002 MMAC - Chief Machinists Mate, Non-Nuclear, Submarine Auxillary Alvarez Pedro 036 Anderson Robi 018 Andrews Alton 025 Bezaire Theod 015 Burke James D 001 Burke Shawn J 020 Casey Sean Al 028 Davis Averill 039 Dees Peter Ry 032 Drost Russel 021 Dyson Matthew 033 Feichter Rand 026 Feinberg Zach 034 Fernandezfern 044 Flores Jose D 005 Fultz Jonatha 016 Garcia Juan 031 Garlock Joshu 024 Gomez Eric Ra 022 Hix David Kir 027 Horan Anthony 030 Iraheta Edwar 035 Jambard Joshu 011 Jett Matthew 012 Johnson Josep 019 Jordan Scott 043 Kirkland Bria 013 Lynch Jesse D 009 Marcos Billy 002 Marshall Mich 017 Murphy Timoth 010 Norton Wesley 038 Payne Clinton 003 Phelps Tyler 006 Poole Jonatha 007 Robertson Jac 037 Robinson Eric 029 Rodriguez Eli 042 Sanchez Zacha 040 Scott Joseph 008 Stagg Elijah 004 West Adam Lee 023 West Brandon 041 Wickingson Da 014 MMC - Chief Machinists Mate Ahn Duk Hwan 044 Anaba Sherrie 067 Angle Frederi 001 Archer Jordan 024 Armstrong Tho 041 Ater Charles 028 Berry Aaron E 040 Boersma Jerem 005 Brinson Teran 018 Bulis Derek A 023 Calderonquine G 027 Caligiuri Eri 105 Cando Mark Da 088 Carter Rickie 092 Cepedatavarez F 111 Clermont Emma 029 Collins Matth 095 Coqmard Harry 010 Denoyer Rober 051 Dorrman Kyle 034 Dougherty Bri 075 Ellison Dariu 097 Faenza Stepha 106 Featheran Bla 113 Flores Donna 084 Gholston Jama 006 Gicheru Benja 064 Gomez Juan Ca 087 Gomez Juliana 022 Gooch Jamie A 033 Gottshall Ken 052 Griffin Raven 076 Hardel Jeffer 096 Harper Courtn 066 Hawkins Allen 026 Hayes Cody Wy 089 Hemrick Jay R 102 Hendrix Micha 031 Holder Christ 025 Huhra Andrew 054 Ideho Izehiua 047 Jackson Jason 007 Jackson Juliu 019 Jacksonross C 057 James Travis 039 Johnson Kenne 059 Juanillo Eric 086 Kal Charles B 070 Knowlton Jame 071 Kollie Claren 094 Lara Enrique 080 Larson Trever 002 Magarelli Nic 110 Martinez Vice 004 Matlock Jiqua 101 Mayo Joshua R 003 Mcgowan Josep 098 Mcpherson Jev 109 Mella Jennife 072 Miller Adam C 053 Mimiaga Crist 104 Moore Jeremy 048 Moore Maurice 042 Morales Nadia 055 Murphy Austin 058 Mussenden Dar 082 Nesbitt Marlo 032 Ogbemudia Mic 014 Ojeda Isaias 045 Ouyang Daniel 050 Paz Jacie Lyn 112 Paz Jose Jesu 065 Pena Jilmar E 009 Perez Alejand 011 Peterson Bria 060 Pham Thai Van 090 Pinkston Malc 063 Powell Robert 061 Pruitt Lariss 108 Quinn Roland 062 Quinones Samu 021 Ramero Rammel 068 Ramirez Danie 012 Reichert Gord 017 Reyes Ricky D 107 Rivera Nina N 091 Rivera Torres 085 Robacker Will 043 Roberson Rich 100 Roberts Aaron 036 Rochester Gre 038 Rodgers Steph 073 Rodriguez Ste 056 Romero Camila 114 Rosa Roberto 099 Sandner Rapha 074 Sandoval Eric 013 Smith Drake C 079 Strickland Kr 103 Stull Chauncy 078 Tabin Alexand 015 Talkington Vi 030 Taylor Robert 008 Townsend Brit 046 Tussey Austin 020 Veitch Adam M 083 Vicente Wendy 081 Villanueva Re 069 Williams Aaro 077 Williams Case 016 Williams Nafe 049 Yang Pahau 035 MMNC - Chief Machinists Mate, Nuclear Power (Submarine) Acker Britany 045 Altena Travis 007 Amaya Juan Jo 026 Bautista Henr 042 Boline Brett 006 Bowes William 046 Brackenridge 001 Capes Shane L 012 Carey Travis 016 Chatfield Mat 023 Conrad Justin 003 Crowley Micha 033 Dennis Mitche 030 Diller Christ 047 Dye Matthew T 029 Flood Robert 014 Glover Roger 036 Hering Willia 025 Jones Dalton 035 Kelley Jacob 037 Layton Adam W 002 Lynch Gary Ed 021 Macrito Micha 034 Martinez Marc 031 Mckee Grant H 013 Morrell Matth 038 Olson Jeremy 040 Oneill Ryan P 024 Osborn Ryan H 019 Patrick Scott 044 Pellowski Jac 039 Poland Dustin 010 Porter Aaron 009 Pruter Allen 015 Rhodes Austin 005 Rivera Raymon 018 Roach Shea Th 008 Saydyk Ian Gr 043 Simmons Andre 032 Stephens Jaco 028 Sweeney Sean 027 Valunas Micha 011 Vandeventer B 022 Wainscott Dav 004 Welk Erik Jam 041 Williams Doug 017 Wright Devin 020 MMNC - Chief Machinists Mate, Nuclear Power (Surface) Addair Lance 014 Babin Randall 023 Bello Michael 028 Bernstein Mat 030 Berry Brian K 034 Bertelsen Der 042 Blevins Antho 008 Bottoms Ethan 039 Carrillo Mich 048 Connolly Zach 055 Crofut Jordan 021 Davignon Andr 012 Davis Tyler W 011 Deer Hannah J 058 Delao Christo 052 Donohue Devin 049 Fenn Kyle Nic 057 Foster Iris A 003 Gillespie Nic 040 Gradillas Mic 054 Hatch Bryan E 024 Ives Steven A 053 Jenkins Justi 038 Jones Patrici 041 Justus Craig 033 Kiner Christo 005 Klinger Kirk 020 Lang Christop 004 Lawrence John 001 Lindsey Wesle 010 Lovett Kyle M 029 Ludwig Nichol 044 Mcgill Joseph 035 Mercedes Kelv 015 Metcalf Matth 022 Miller Christ 017 Miller Eric R 007 Miller Michae 037 Miller Wayne 009 Moss Kali Nic 036 Mustakis Jame 051 Overbay Frede 026 Parmley Benja 050 Provinsal Jor 043 Robbins Mark 006 Sartoris Brya 027 Sauls Matthew 002 Schmitt Danie 016 Smith Colin P 032 Spitler Richa 018 Stanfield Jef 047 Taylor Jeffre 031 Thigpen Eugun 045 Veselik Jack 013 Volbeda Jason 025 Wittmann Thom 046 Yost Jasiah B 056 Zevenbergen A 019 MNC - Chief Mineman Alexander Wil 022 Armontrout Pa 012 Brierly James 024 Chaboya Danie 013 Cowen Tyler G 020 Dashek Stephe 019 Douglas Ogden 018 Eatmon Michae 026 Ellerbe Gilbe 001 Espinosa Carl 002 Gauthier Benj 011 Gregware Dani 030 Hill Sammanth 006 Kaden Jason R 017 Lagrangegraye 029 Lambert John 005 Luna Angel G 025 Marvin Benjam 031 Morehouse Sco 009 Odom Brandon 028 Roden Jonatha 003 Sanders Natha 015 Seaton Richar 007 Shimonek Robe 004 Smith Derek K 010 Surber Bryan 016 Trujillo Vinc 021 Villarreal Ed 023 Vosika Kelly 014 Walker Kyle J 008 Weatherford J 027 MRC - Chief Machinery Repairman Alvarez Frank 001 MTC - Chief Missile Technician Adams Zachary 008 Balatbat Gera 025 Boggs Daniel 024 Camacho Frank 001 Carter Caleb 018 Christlieb Jo 013 Chunn John Ch 023 Eppley James 002 Gardner Colby 020 Graff Anthony 015 Harrell Johnd 009 Hoster Steven 006 Kinney Michae 003 Litteral Etha 011 Maloney Joel 007 Mathews James 017 Maxwell Lowel 005 Monge Jonatha 010 Olstad Jace D 027 Palma Lazaro 012 Piek Justin M 022 Pouchet Jack 026 Roberts Zacha 028 Rodgers Willi 014 Savela Ian Je 019 Sorto Joel Ni 004 Southard Arli 021 Thornburg Gre 016 Wolf Casey Wi 029 MUC - Chief Musician Special Band Blecker Sarah 007 Booher Dana B 010 Catalanotto C 004 Chin Doo Sik 002 Dunn William 003 Francisco And 011 Friedman Jose 008 Moore Adrienn 001 Parker Cory A 009 Skaggs Andrew 006 Woltering Cli 005 MUC - Chief Musician Fleet Band Jerome Christ 003 Moody Vincent 005 Packer Joel A 006 Pastin Christ 004 Schoonmaker J 001 Stephan Garre 002 NCCC - Chief Navy Counselor (Counselor) Anderson Jess 041 Bailey David 052 Beck Rebecca 022 Bice Jesse Tr 012 Boltz Teri Di 051 Boudreaux Wil 030 Carrillo Nico 053 Childs Keri L 004 Clark Asha An 032 Davis Desean 061 Enriquez Vict 005 Gurung Atit 050 Hall Joel Chr 001 Hernandez Fel 039 Hirn Christop 029 Hodge Gina Ma 021 Holland Ryan 009 Hooks Jennife 018 Huskey Drew H 019 Ibarra Natash 046 Johnson Benja 014 Jordan Dalton 044 Lackey Gregor 023 Lemas Brenda 007 Lizarragasanc 037 Lockwood Eliz 054 Long Bobby Ju 013 Lu Jessie Lim 038 Mcgarry Whitn 031 Mcqueen Mauri 020 Miranda Raque 043 Mixon Ashleig 036 Moffith Natha 062 Morrison Vane 045 Nash Floyd Pa 003 Nesbitt Kammi 048 Noel Brianna 059 Olaguera Genn 034 Oyegoke Rache 057 Panjwani Rahi 017 Rebella Steve 049 Rivera Eduard 047 Rivera Wilfre 033 Rodriguez Dal 028 Ross Carl Way 011 Sandoval Jami 035 Sansone Peter 042 Scott Tammy M 008 Scotto Elizab 027 Shipp Armond 010 Singleton Kim 024 Steffy Megan 040 Stocking Troy 002 Stpeter Gabri 015 Stuart Daniel 055 Theisen Tiffa 026 Tucker Jonath 058 Valdesmendez 056 Ward Erica La 016 Weisner Danie 025 Wofford Xavie 060 NCRC - 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https://www.maldonandburnhamstandard.co.uk/news/national/uk-today/19760902.sir-antony-sher-celebrated-stage-screen-actor-dies/
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en
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Sir Antony Sher, celebrated stage and screen actor, dies
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https://www.maldonandburnhamstandard.co.uk/resources/images/13265345/?type=og-image
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https://www.maldonandburnhamstandard.co.uk/resources/images/13265345/?type=og-image
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2021-12-03T14:18:28+00:00
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Theatre star Sir Antony Sher has died of cancer, the Royal Shakespeare Company (RSC) has announced.
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/resources/images/17398714/
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Maldon and Burnham Standard
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https://www.bournemouthecho.co.uk/news/national/uk-today/19760902.sir-antony-sher-celebrated-stage-screen-actor-dies/
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A statement from the organisation said he had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year.
His husband, Gregory Doran, the RSC’s artistic director, announced in September that he was taking a period of compassionate leave to care for Sir Antony.
RSC offer "sincere condolences" to Sir Antony Sher's family
RSC executive director Catherine Mallyon and acting artistic director Erica Whyman said in a statement: “We are deeply saddened by this news, and our thoughts and sincere condolences are with Greg, and with Antony’s family and their friends at this devastating time.
“Antony had a long association with the RSC and a hugely celebrated career on stage and screen.
“Antony’s last production with the company was in the two-hander Kunene And The King, written by his friend and fellow South African actor, writer and activist, John Kani.”
The statement added: “Antony was deeply loved and hugely admired by so many colleagues.
“He was a ground-breaking role model for many young actors, and it is impossible to comprehend that he is no longer with us.
“We will ensure friends far and wide have the chance to share tributes and memories in the days to come.”
Sir Antony Sher's most notable performances
Sir Antony starred in a number of RSC productions, including a role in 2016 in King Lear, as well as playing Falstaff in the Henry IV plays and Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s Death Of A Salesman.
Earlier landmark performances included Leontes in The Winter’s Tale, Iago in Othello, Prospero in The Tempest and the title roles in Macbeth, Tamburlaine The Great, as well as his career-defining Richard III.
Playwright Kani pays tribute to Sir Antony Sher
Fellow actor and playwright Kani said in a tribute: “Both Tony Sher and I were born when our country, South Africa, was the worst place a child could be born let alone to be raised by parents who worked very hard to prepare their children for a difficult future – Apartheid South Africa.
“By the grace of his God and my ancestors, like Romeo and Juliet we found each other in 1973.
“We travelled together as compatriots, comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa, as fellow artists, and we both had the honour of celebrating together 25 years of South Africa’s democracy in my latest play, Kunene And The King.
“I am at peace with you my friend and myself. Exit my King. Your Brother.”
The RSC said Doran will remain on compassionate leave and is expected to return to work in 2022.
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https://mynorthwest.com/3264972/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
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Acclaimed Shakespearean actor Antony Sher dies at 72
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2021-12-02T23:56:16+00:00
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LONDON (AP) -- Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
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en
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MyNorthwest.com
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https://mynorthwest.com/3264972/acclaimed-shakespearean-actor-antony-sher-dies-at-72/
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LONDON (AP) — Antony Sher, one of the most acclaimed Shakespearean actors of his generation, has died aged 72, the Royal Shakespeare Company said Friday.
Sher had been diagnosed with terminal cancer earlier this year. His husband, Royal Shakespeare Company Artistic Director Gregory Doran, took leave from his job to care for him.
Born in Cape Town, South Africa in 1949, Sher moved to Britain in the late 1960s to study drama. He joined the RSC in 1982 and had a breakthrough role in 1984 as the usurping king in “Richard III.”
He went on to play most of Shakespeare’s meaty male roles, including Falstaff in the “Henry IV” plays, Leontes in “The Winter’s Tale,” Shylock in “The Merchant of Venice,” Iago in “Othello” and the title characters in “Macbeth” and “King Lear.”
Non-Shakespearean roles for the company, based in the Bard’s hometown of Stratford-upon-Avon, included Willy Loman in Arthur Miller’s “Death of a Salesman” and the title role in Moliere’s “Tartuffe.”
Sher also performed with Liverpool’s innovative Everyman Theatre and at many of London’s main theaters, getting his first West End starring role as a drag artist in Harvey Fierstein’s “Torch Song Trilogy.” He won the 1985 best-actor Olivier Award jointly for “Torch Song Trilogy” and “Richard III.”
He gained a second Olivier, as well as a Tony Award nomination for playing artist Stanley Spencer in Pam Gems’ “Stanley” at the National Theatre and on Broadway.
After winning acclaim as a pillar of British theater, Sher began to explore both his Jewish and his South African heritage.
He adapted Primo Levi’s powerful Auschwitz memoir “If This is a Man” into a one-man stage show, “Primo,” that ran on Broadway in 2005.
He created the solo show despite being afflicted with debilitating stage fright.
“If you suffer from stage fright, is it a good idea to perform a one-man show? The answer, surprisingly, turns out to be yes,” Sher told the Associated Press in 2005. “It is the best cure for stage fright in the world, because it’s make or break. There’s no middle ground.”
Sher’s last role for the RSC came in 2019 in South African writer John Kani’s “Kunene and The King.” Sher played a veteran actor diagnosed with cancer, looked after by a Black South African carer.
Kani, who starred opposite Sher, said the two men had been “comrades in the struggle for a better South Africa.”
On television, Sher starred as a memorably sleazy university lecturer in 1981 BBC series “The History Man.” His film roles included Dr. Moth in “Shakespeare in Love,” Benjamin Disraeli in “Mrs Brown” and Adolf Hitler in “Churchill: The Hollywood Years.”
Sher also wrote several novels and theatrical memoirs, along with an autobiography, “Beside Myself,” and exhibited his paintings and drawings in galleries. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth II in 2000, becoming Sir Antony Sher.
“I think he always felt like an outsider and his outsider’s vision was his strength,” said Harriet Walter, who starred opposite Sher in “Macbeth” and “Death of a Salesman.”
“He had abundant creative energy and protean powers and an almost clinical curiosity about what makes people tick,” she said.
Shakespeare scholar James Shapiro said Sher’s performances “profoundly deepened my understanding of Shakespeare.”
“He was a brilliant actor and an incredibly kind and thoughtful person,” Shapiro said. “Hamlet put it best: “take him for all in all, I shall not look upon his like again.'”
Sher and Doran were one of the first couples to have a civil partnership in Britain after same-sex unions were legalized in 2005. They married in 2015 when the U.K. legalized gay marriage.
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