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README.md
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---
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language:
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- en
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tags:
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- summarization
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- translation
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license: apache-2.0
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---
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# Model Card for FLAN-T5 large
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<summary> Click to expand </summary>
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```python
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# pip install
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from transformers import T5Tokenizer, T5ForConditionalGeneration
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tokenizer = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained("google/flan-t5-large")
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## Direct Use and Downstream Use
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The
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>
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See the [
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## Out-of-Scope Use
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# Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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# Training Details
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## Training Data
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The model
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1. **Datasets used for Unsupervised denoising objective**:
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- [C4](https://huggingface.co/datasets/c4)
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- [Wiki-DPR](https://huggingface.co/datasets/wiki_dpr)
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2. **Datasets used for Supervised text-to-text language modeling objective**
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- Sentence acceptability judgment
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- CoLA [Warstadt et al., 2018](https://arxiv.org/abs/1805.12471)
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- Sentiment analysis
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- SST-2 [Socher et al., 2013](https://nlp.stanford.edu/~socherr/EMNLP2013_RNTN.pdf)
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- Paraphrasing/sentence similarity
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- MRPC [Dolan and Brockett, 2005](https://aclanthology.org/I05-5002)
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- STS-B [Ceret al., 2017](https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.00055)
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- QQP [Iyer et al., 2017](https://quoradata.quora.com/First-Quora-Dataset-Release-Question-Pairs)
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- Natural language inference
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- MNLI [Williams et al., 2017](https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.05426)
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- QNLI [Rajpurkar et al.,2016](https://arxiv.org/abs/1606.05250)
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- RTE [Dagan et al., 2005](https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/11736790_9)
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- CB [De Marneff et al., 2019](https://semanticsarchive.net/Archive/Tg3ZGI2M/Marneffe.pdf)
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- Sentence completion
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- COPA [Roemmele et al., 2011](https://www.researchgate.net/publication/221251392_Choice_of_Plausible_Alternatives_An_Evaluation_of_Commonsense_Causal_Reasoning)
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- Word sense disambiguation
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- WIC [Pilehvar and Camacho-Collados, 2018](https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.09121)
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- Question answering
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- MultiRC [Khashabi et al., 2018](https://aclanthology.org/N18-1023)
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- ReCoRD [Zhang et al., 2018](https://arxiv.org/abs/1810.12885)
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- BoolQ [Clark et al., 2019](https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.10044)
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## Training Procedure
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The framework introduced, the T5 framework, involves a training procedure that brings together the approaches studied in the paper. See the [research paper](https://jmlr.org/papers/volume21/20-074/20-074.pdf) for further details.
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# Evaluation
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---
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language:
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- en
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- sp
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- ja
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- pe
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- hi
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- fr
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- ch
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- be
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- gu
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- ge
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- te
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- it
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- ar
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- po
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- ta
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- ma
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- ma
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- or
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- pa
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- po
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- ur
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- ga
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- he
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- ko
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- ca
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- th
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- du
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- in
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- vi
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- bu
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- fi
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- ce
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- la
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- tu
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- ru
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- cr
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- sw
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- yo
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- ku
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- bu
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- ma
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- cz
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- fi
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- so
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- sw
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- si
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- ka
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- zh
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- ig
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- xh
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- ro
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- ha
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- es
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- sl
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- li
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- gr
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- ne
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- as
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- no
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tags:
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- summarization
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- translation
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datasets:
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- librispeech_asr
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- svakulenk0/qrecc
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- taskmaster2
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- djaym7/wiki_dialog
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- deepmind/code_contests
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- lambada
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- gsm8k
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- aqua_rat
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- esnli
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- quasc
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- qed
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license: apache-2.0
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---
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# Model Card for FLAN-T5 large
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# Table of Contents
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<summary> Click to expand </summary>
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```python
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# pip install bitsandbytes
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from transformers import T5Tokenizer, T5ForConditionalGeneration
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tokenizer = T5Tokenizer.from_pretrained("google/flan-t5-large")
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## Direct Use and Downstream Use
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The authors write in [the original paper's model card](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.11416.pdf) that:
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> The primary use is research on language models, including: research on zero-shot NLP tasks and in-context few-shot learning NLP tasks, such as reasoning, and question answering; advancing fairness and safety research, and understanding limitations of current large language models
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See the [research paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.11416.pdf) for further details.
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## Out-of-Scope Use
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# Bias, Risks, and Limitations
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The information below in this section are copied from the model's [official model card](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.11416.pdf):
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> Language models, including Flan-T5, can potentially be used for language generation in a harmful way, according to Rae et al. (2021). Flan-T5 should not be used directly in any application, without a prior assessment of safety and fairness concerns specific to the application.
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## Ethical considerations and risks
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> Flan-T5 is fine-tuned on a large corpus of text data that was not filtered for explicit content or assessed for existing biases. As a result the model itself is potentially vulnerable to generating equivalently inappropriate content or replicating inherent biases in the underlying data.
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## Known Limitations
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> Flan-T5 has not been tested in real world applications.
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## Sensitive Use:
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> Flan-T5 should not be applied for any unacceptable use cases, e.g., generation of abusive speech.
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# Training Details
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## Training Data
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The model was trained on a mixture of tasks, that includes the tasks described in the table below (from the original paper, figure 2):
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## Training Procedure
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According to the model card from the [original paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2210.11416.pdf):
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> These models are based on pretrained T5 (Raffel et al., 2020) and fine-tuned with instructions for better zero-shot and few-shot performance. There is one fine-tuned Flan model per T5 model size.
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# Evaluation
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