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README.md
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---
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license: apache-2.0
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tags:
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datasets:
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- imagenet-1k
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---
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# Vision Transformer (base-sized model, patch size 16) trained using DINO
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Vision Transformer (ViT) model trained using the DINO method. It was introduced in the paper [Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers](https://arxiv.org/abs/2010.11929) by Mathilde Caron, Hugo Touvron, Ishan Misra, Hervé Jégou, Julien Mairal, Piotr Bojanowski, Armand Joulin and first released in [this repository](https://github.com/facebookresearch/dino).
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Disclaimer: The team releasing DINO did not write a model card for this model so this model card has been written by the Hugging Face team.
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## Model description
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The Vision Transformer (ViT) is a transformer encoder model (BERT-like) pretrained on a large collection of images in a self-supervised fashion, namely ImageNet-1k, at a resolution of 224x224 pixels.
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Images are presented to the model as a sequence of fixed-size patches (resolution 16x16), which are linearly embedded. One also adds a [CLS] token to the beginning of a sequence to use it for classification tasks. One also adds absolute position embeddings before feeding the sequence to the layers of the Transformer encoder.
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Note that this model does not include any fine-tuned heads.
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By pre-training the model, it learns an inner representation of images that can then be used to extract features useful for downstream tasks: if you have a dataset of labeled images for instance, you can train a standard classifier by placing a linear layer on top of the pre-trained encoder. One typically places a linear layer on top of the [CLS] token, as the last hidden state of this token can be seen as a representation of an entire image.
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## Intended uses & limitations
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You can use the raw model for image classification. See the [model hub](https://huggingface.co/models?search=google/vit) to look for
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fine-tuned versions on a task that interests you.
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### How to use
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Here is how to use this model:
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```python
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from transformers import ViTFeatureExtractor, ViTModel
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from PIL import Image
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import requests
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url = 'http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg'
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image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
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feature_extractor = ViTFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained('facebook/dino-vitb16')
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model = ViTModel.from_pretrained('facebook/dino-vitb16')
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inputs = feature_extractor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")
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outputs = model(**inputs)
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last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_state
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```
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### BibTeX entry and citation info
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```bibtex
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@article{DBLP:journals/corr/abs-2104-14294,
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author = {Mathilde Caron and
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Hugo Touvron and
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Ishan Misra and
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Herv{\'{e}} J{\'{e}}gou and
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Julien Mairal and
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Piotr Bojanowski and
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Armand Joulin},
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title = {Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers},
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journal = {CoRR},
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volume = {abs/2104.14294},
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year = {2021},
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url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.14294},
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archivePrefix = {arXiv},
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eprint = {2104.14294},
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timestamp = {Tue, 04 May 2021 15:12:43 +0200},
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biburl = {https://dblp.org/rec/journals/corr/abs-2104-14294.bib},
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bibsource = {dblp computer science bibliography, https://dblp.org}
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}
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```
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