question: Why is irine only sterile when hot?
comment: Urine being sterile is actually a myth. It's not true, regardless of whether it is hot or cold. ANYTHING that comes from your body will contain bacteria and such, including urine. & #x200B; [ URL_0 ]( URL_0 )
passages: Section::::History.:Taxonomy.
  
  The first name of "Thermotoga elfii" is derived from the Greek root "therm," which means heat. "Toga," which is a Roman term for an outer garment, is where the second part of the genus name originated. This is due to the outer sheath that wraps around the bacteria to protect it from the extreme temperature often associated with this thermophile. The latter name is derived from Elf-Aquitaine, the French oil company that owned the oil wells where "T. elfii" was first discovered.
  
  Section::::Physiology and Metabolism.
   Two forms of ADS regulation include environmental induction and biochemical regulatory switches. Under normal conditions, ADS is expressed at low levels in "Artemisia annua"; however, when exposed to cold, heat shock, or UV light, the ADS becomes upregulated. Corresponding with this in nature, cold-acclimated "Artemisia annua" express higher levels of ADS than plants under normal conditions.
   Thermophilic moulds grown at high temperatures (above 50 °C) contain dense body vesicles in their hyphae that function as storage organelles, mainly for phospholipids. In "T. lanuginosus," nine times more lipid storage vesicles are grown at 52 °C than 37 °C. Heavy pigmentation of spores allows them to withstand temperature and heat stress, and the pigments have been found to be similar to hydroxylated pigments in aphids.
  
  Section::::Physiology.
  
  Section::::Physiology.:Temperature effects.
   This enzyme is of interest in plant biology research because the disrupted OPR3 gene has been shown to cause male sterility in "Arabidopsis thaliana". This is a point of interest in understanding the factors surrounding viable pollen development, a focus of research in the agriculture industry.
  
  Section::::Relevance to Phytoremediation.
   "R. nobile" is often called a "glasshouse plant" because of its outer curtain of translucent bracts which pass visible light, creating a greenhouse effect, while blocking ultraviolet radiation. These are important defenses against the increased UV-B exposure and extreme cold in its high altitude range.
  
  Section::::Description.
   "L. urichi" was first employed on Fiji in 1930. It was introduced and released in Hawai'i in 1953, where, two months later, it was reproducing on "C. hirta" and was considered established. This introduction terminated the problem in pasturelands, but "C. hirta" remains a problem in heavily shaded forests where "L. urichi" does not normally establish itself.
  
  Infested tips of "C. hirta" may contain all stages of "L. urichi" but larvae tend to cause the most damage. The thrips can control mature "C. hirta" by attacking young succulent growth causing tip die-back.
   Section::::Breeding and production.
  
  Selection of high-yielding guayule is complicated by its breeding system, which is primarily apomixis (asexual cloning via gametes). However, the breeding system is somewhat variable and considerable genetic variation exists within wild populations. Selection of high-yielding lines has been successful.
  
  Section::::Biofuel.
   "S. marcescens" appears red on trypticase soy agar slants when grown at around 25 °C.
  
  "S. marcescens" and "S. liquefaciens" can be easily confused in the lab when using the analytical profile index system. They can both oxidise arabinose, but only "S. liquefaciens" can ferment arabinose in peptone water.
  
  Section::::History.
  
  "S. marcescens" was first documented as a red-coloured putrefaction of polenta by Bartolomeo Bizio in Padua. The bacterium was later named in honour of Italian physicist Serafino Serrati and "marcescens" because of the pigment's rapid discolouration and decay.
   If conditions such as temperature are off, the stem becomes filled with dark-colored, sand-like fungal spores instead of swelling into a vegetable, ruining the crop. Also, there are two known strains of the fungus. One causes the swelling of the stem tissues which produces the vegetable, but the other does not; instead, it fills the stem with spores.
   Tropheryma whipplei, the causative agent of Whipple's disease, described in 1907 by Dr. Georges Hoyt Whipple, was isolated for the first time in the laboratory of Didier Raoult. His team is one of the two teams in the world who sequenced the genome of the bacteria. The discovery of "Tropheryma whipplei" has completely changed the profile of the disease and it is now accepted that the bacteria is relatively common in the environment or on the mucous membranes of the patients without necessarily being associated with the pathology.
   I was, 1925-6, highly interested in studies on the blackberry rusts, short and long cycle forms (species). […] I had found that I could pass the rust on the Black Diamond blackberry (dewberry) by grafting to young shoots of this species, and was trying to culture the rest on cornmeal agar in plates and flasks. So I had several plates and flasks (250 cc) standing on shelves in the Arlington Farm greenhouses. I was much concerned to find that "Monila sitophila" had gotten into some of the flasks as well as some plates. Practically all of them were soon bearing perithecia resembling those Dr. C. L. Shear had shown me and [had] asked me to try to germinate the ascospores. I was so much excited and interested in my rust studies that I could not leave those experiments to help my superior out. I did suggest trying to make those spores germinate by heating them. […] Several weeks had passed when this red bread mold developed in my greenhouse flasks and plates. Just on a chance I inverted plates of corn [meal] agar on cultures of perithecia shooting spores so spores were shot upward and scattered about. I put some of these plates in a drying oven and heated them as I had gone many times to make ascospores of Ascobolus to germinate. By next morning a high percentage of the mold had germinated.
   Lafuentea is a highly distinct Plantaginaceae genus containing a mere two species from the Strait of Gibraltar region. It is included in the present tribe by GRIN, whereas other authors have variously allied it with the foxgloves ("Digitalis") or even united with the equally puzzling "Oreosolen" and "Ourisia" in a lineage close to the broomrape "Rehmannia" as part of the Scrophulariaceae "sensu lato". In the 2013 study as well as in the 2005 Plantaginaceae analysis by Albach "et al." "Lafuentea" indeed tends to resolve as an additional and basalmost lineage (subtribe in Linnean taxonomy) of the Antirrhineae, far from "Digitalis", "Oreosolen", "Ourisia" or "Rehmannia"; in fact, these five genera are apparently all distinct from each other at least at tribal level ("Oreosolen" and "Rehmannia" are even outside the Plantaginaceae). However, the results were not unequivocal and support for including "Lafuentea" in the Antirrhineae not very robust. Besides, the interrelationships of the Plantaginaceae tribes are also not at all robustly resolved, and some fairly close relatives of the Antirrhineae – such as "Campylanthus" or the singular "Hemiphragma" – have similarly uncertain positions as "Lafuentea" with regard to their presumed closest relatives. Thus, while "Lafuentea" seems to be a "living fossil" from near the origin of the Antirrhineae and is certainly highly useful as an outgroup in cladistic studies of their internal relations, whether its placement "within" this tribe is correct requires further study.
   Section::::Origin and history.
  
  Inulin is a natural storage carbohydrate present in more than 36,000 species of plants, including wheat, onion, bananas, garlic, asparagus, Jerusalem artichoke, and chicory. For these plants, inulin is used as an energy reserve and for regulating cold resistance. Because it is soluble in water, it is osmotically active. The plants can change the osmotic potential of cells by changing the degree of polymerization of inulin molecules with hydrolysis. By changing osmotic potential without changing the total amount of carbohydrate, plants can withstand cold and drought during winter periods.
   Several varieties and forms of "Elaeis guineensis" have been selected that have different characteristics. These include:
  
  Before the Second World War, selection work had started in the "Deli dura" population in Malaya. Pollen was imported from Africa, and DxT and DxP crosses were made. Segregation of fruit forms in crosses made in the 1950s was often incorrect. In the absence of a good marker gene, there was no way of knowing whether control of pollination was adequate.
   Evidence for a sexual stage in "P. roqueforti" has been found based, in part, on the presence of functional mating-type genes and most of the important genes known to be involved in meiosis. In 2014, researchers reported inducing the growth of sexual structures in "P. roqueforti", including ascogonia, cleistothecia, and ascospores. Genetic analysis and comparison of many different strains isolated from various environments around the world indicate that it is a genetically diverse species.
  
  "P. roqueforti" is known to be one of the most common spoilage molds of silage. It is also one of several different moulds that can spoil bread.
  
  Section::::Uses.
   "Pythium irregulare" has a very broad host range, including many agronomically and horticulturally important crops and is found on every continent except for Antarctica. "P. irregulare" infects over 200 species, including cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, and ornamentals. It differs from many other "Pythium" species in that it prefers cooler environments. A moist environment is also necessary for disease, which aids motility of spores. It is commonly found in both greenhouses and fields.
  
  Section::::Disease cycle.
   The Switching fluid in the greenhouse roof can be used as a filter for a certain part of the solar spectrum. Water allows so-called "PAR" light (Photosynthetically active radiation, the light that plants use to grow) to pass, while "NIR" (Near Infra Red) light is absorbed. The amount of NIR light to absorb can be tuned by solving micro-particles of Copper Sulphate or clay in the switching fluid. In that way optimum growth conditions can be selected.
   The culture of "Loefgrenianthus blanche-amesiae" is reportedly hard. Because of its pending habit it should be mounted on a vegetable fiber plaque or on a piece of bark and kept sheltered form straight sunlight in a cool, humid and well ventilated place.
  
  Section::::Description.
   The plant was first introduced into the United States in 1854 when Japanese ports were opened for US trade. Captain William Roberts, who enjoyed botany, brought back only three bulbs of the red spider lily. The bulbs were then planted by his niece who found that they do not bloom until after the first good rain in the fall season. Plants have since become naturalized in North Carolina, Texas, and many other southern states of the US. Since the Japanese forms are sterile triploids, the introduced plants were also sterile and reproduce only by bulb division.
   "P. syringae"—more than any mineral or other organism—is responsible for the surface frost damage in plants exposed to the environment. For plants without antifreeze proteins, frost damage usually occurs between -4 and -12 °C as the water in plant tissue can remain in a supercooled liquid state. "P. syringae" can cause water to freeze at temperatures as high as −1.8 °C (28.8 °F), but strains causing ice nucleation at lower temperatures (down to −8 °C) are more common. The freezing causes injuries in the epithelia and makes the nutrients in the underlying plant tissues available to the bacteria.
   Section::::Description.
  
  Section::::Description.:Female.
   "Erigeron karvinskianus" is also cultivated for its daisy-like blooms, and is often confused with the closely related true daisy "Bellis". It is frequently grown in crevices in walls or paving, where it rapidly spreads to provide a carpet of flowers. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. It was used to colonise the concrete terraces of the football stadium (Estadio Azteca) built in Mexico City for the 1970 World Cup.
  
  Section::::Taxonomy.
   In the United States, it is not permitted for use in food or ingested drugs and may only be used in externally applied drugs and cosmetics. An exception was added in 1965 to allow the coloring of maraschino cherries, which then were considered mainly decorative and not a foodstuff. This exception was repealed in 1976 due to mounting evidence over its safety concerns. In the European Union, it is not permitted as a food additive.
   An atypical seedling from "C. mexicana" (which is often referred to by the illegitimate name "Crataegus pubescens" Steud.) appeared in 1873 among plants being cultivated at the Arboretum de Grignon, France. The male parent was thought at the time to be "C. crus-galli", but that parentage produced "C." x "lavalleei", which looks quite different. It is thought to be more likely that the pollen parent was "C. monogyna".
  
  Section::::Taxonomy.
   Section::::Description.
  
presuppositions: Urine is sterile when hot. Urine is sterile when hot.
corrections: Urine is not sterile. Urine is not sterile regardless of temperature.
raw_presuppositions: Urine is sterile when hot. Urine is sterile when hot.
raw_corrections: Urine is not sterile. Urine is not sterile regardless of temperature.