question: Why can't they run a pressurized oxygen line all the way to the top of Mount Everest so that climbers can use oxygen on the way up?
comment: Who would pay for it? No one "needs" to climb Mt everest so it's not really a necessity.
passages: The 1996 disaster also introduced the issue of the guide's role in using bottled oxygen.
   Another significant threat to climbers is low atmospheric pressure. The atmospheric pressure at the top of Everest is about a third of sea level pressure or , resulting in the availability of only about a third as much oxygen to breathe.
   British expeditions all used open-circuit oxygen apparatus, as advocated by pioneer climbers George Finch, Noel Odell and Peter Lloyd. Open-circuit oxygen apparatus was trialled on the 1922 and 1924 British Everest expeditions; the bottled oxygen taken by the 1921 expedition was not used. The 1938 British Mount Everest expedition trialled closed-circuit as well as open-circuit apparatus, but the closed-circuit apparatus was not successful.
  
  Section::::First ascent of Everest.
   John Hunt wrote that two assault parties using the experimental closed-circuit type was too risky despite users having achieved a faster climbing rate and also potentially having a greater range for a given supply (so that it might be possible to reach the summit from a camp on the South Col). Hence he proposed one closed-circuit assault followed shortly by an open-circuit assault (and a third assault if necessary). The cylinders used were dural light-alloy cylinders holding 800 litres or RAF steel wire-wound cylinders holding 1,400 litres of oxygen (both at 3,300 p.s.i.; 228 kPa). The expedition had 8 closed-circuit and 12 open-circuit sets; the open-circuit set used 1 RAF cylinder or 1,2 or 3 dural cylinders; with total set weight 28lb, 18lb, 29½lb or 41 lb (12.7, 8.2, 13.4 or 18.6 kg). Sleepers above used "night oxygen" at 1 litre/minute; and with adaptors they could use oxygen from tanks by Drägerwerk the Swiss had left in 1952.. 
   Open-circuit oxygen apparatus was tested on the 1922 and 1924 British Mount Everest expeditions; the bottled oxygen taken in 1921 was not used (see George Finch and Noel Odell). In 1953 the first assault party of Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans used closed-circuit oxygen apparatus. The second (successful) party of Ed Hillary and Tenzing Norgay used open-circuit oxygen apparatus; after ten minutes taking photographs on the summit without his oxygen set on, Hillary said he "was becoming rather clumsy-fingered and slow-moving". Physiologist Griffith Pugh was on the 1952 and 1953 expeditions to study the effects of cold and altitude; he recommended acclimatising above for at least 36 days and the use of closed-circuit equipment. In 1978 Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler made the first ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen. 
   He started as a porter and now he has climbed 5 of 14 Eight-thousanders. In 2015 his team tried to scale the Nanga Parbat in winter and was unsuccessful. They again tried in 2016 and summited the peak, it was the first ever winter summit of Nanga Parbat. He has climbed Nanga Parbat four times. In January 2018 Ali Sadpara teamed up with Alex Txikon, a Spanish mountaineer, to summit the Mount Everest in winter without any supplemental oxygen. 
   Supplementary oxygen would be used above Camp 4 for climbers and Camp 5 for Sherpas and of fixed rope would be used up the face (fixed rope in the Icefall and climbing rope would be additional).
   In 1953 the first assault party of Tom Bourdillon and Charles Evans used closed-circuit oxygen apparatus which had been developed by Bourdillon and his father, and returned expired oxygen to the breathing bag. The successful second assault party of Ed Hillary and Tenzing Norgay used open-circuit oxygen apparatus; after ten minutes taking photographs on the summit without his oxygen set on, Hillary said he ""was becoming rather clumsy-fingered and slow-moving"". 
   A third ascent by a new line on the peak's South Face was made by Americans Kyle Dempster and Hayden Kennedy on August 21, 2012. Compatriot Josh Wharton had also accompanied them on the climb but had to abandon the attempt at approximately 6800 meters (approximately 22,310 feet) due to altitude sickness. Earlier in their trip the two had made another first ascent (along with Slovenian Urban Novak) of a new line on the massive east face of K7 (6,934 meters, 22,749 feet).
  
  Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- List of mountains in Pakistan
   Spanish mountaineer Alex Txikon with Pakistani mountaineer Muhammad Ali Sadpara attempted to summit Everest in winter without supplemental oxygen. Txikon reached up to Camp 4 at approximately 7,950 meters on 31st January, 2018 before being turned back by bad weather conditions..
  
  Section::::Mountaineering season.:Spring.
   In January 2012, David and his team returned for a third expedition. A few days before the planned ascent they got the news that the climbers Jason Kruk and Hayden Kennedy had completed the compressor route, using as few bolts as they could manage. On their way back down they removed all the bolts they deemed unnecessary in order to restore the challenge of the mountain. More than 120 bolts in total, most of them from the historical 1970 Cesare Maestri gas-powered compressor ascent. The headwall of the compressor route and one pitch below were completely freed of bolts. This move caused a heated debate in the mountaineering community. Both climbers were briefly detained by Chilean police and the removed bolts were confiscated. 
   Reinhold Messner was the first climber to break the bottled oxygen tradition and in 1978, with Peter Habeler, made the first successful climb without it. In 1980, Messner summited the mountain solo, without supplemental oxygen or any porters or climbing partners, on the more difficult northwest route. Once the climbing community was satisfied that the mountain could be climbed without supplemental oxygen, many purists then took the next logical step of insisting that is how it "should" be climbed.
   BULLET::::- Altitude. The external partial pressure of oxygen decreases with altitude, for example in areas of high altitude or when flying. This decrease results in decreased carriage of oxygen by haemoglobin. This is particularly seen as a cause of cerebral hypoxia and mountain sickness in climbers of Mount Everest and other peaks of extreme altitude. For example, at the peak of Mount Everest, the partial pressure of oxygen is just 43 mmHg, whereas at sea level the partial pressure is 150 mmHg. For this reason, cabin pressure in aircraft is maintained at 5,000 to 6,000 feet (1500 to 1800 m).
   The use of bottled oxygen to ascend Mount Everest has been controversial. It was first used on the 1922 British Mount Everest Expedition by George Finch and Geoffrey Bruce who climbed up to at a spectacular speed of 1,000 vertical feet per hour (vf/h). Pinned down by a fierce storm, they escaped death by breathing oxygen from a jury-rigged set-up during the night. The next day they climbed to at 900 vf/h—nearly three times as fast as non-oxygen users. Yet the use of oxygen was considered so unsportsmanlike that none of the rest of the Alpine world recognised this high ascent rate.
   There are a number of routes on K2, of somewhat different character, but they all share some key difficulties, the first being the extremely high altitude and resulting lack of oxygen: there is only one-third as much oxygen available to a climber on the summit of K2 as there is at sea level.
   A closed-circuit oxygen set was not been a success and was "abandoned on account of the sensation of suffocation which developed after a short period of use." However Lloyd found the open-circuit design was a definite advantage above , although Shipton was not convinced that Lloyd's performance was significantly better than Tilmans. It was George Finch who had advocated open-circuit apparatus, against the advice of the other "experts" and this knowledge eventually was used in the planning of the successful 1953 expedition (which used both open and closed-circuit sets).
   In 1885, Clinton Thomas Dent, president of the Alpine Club, suggested that climbing Mount Everest was possible in his book "Above the Snow Line".
   When the climbing groups started upward at 3:00 a.m., they found that the HAPs and Sherpas had started planting lines right above Camp IV, where they were not needed, up into the Bottleneck, and then had run out of rope for the traverse just above the Bottleneck. This forced the climbers to take the rope from the lower portion of the route and use it to prepare the lines above the Bottleneck, causing a dangerous unplanned delay in the climb schedule.
   In 2008, the team of Conrad Anker, Jimmy Chin, and Renan Ozturk climbed to within two pitches (150m) of the summit before turning back. They had experienced severe storms, forcing them to spend four days in the portaledge, depleting their food supplies.
  
  In 2009, Slovenians Silvo Karo, Marko Lukic and Andrej Grmovsek unsuccessfully attempted the route, turning around at the base of the headwall, due to insufficient gear, poor acclimatisation and an Alpine-style approach.
   Section::::Post-Everest 1953.
  
  In 1978 Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler made the first ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen. Messner had ascended all 14 "eight-thousanders" without supplemental oxygen by 1986. 
  
  Running out of bottled oxygen was noted as a factor in the 1979 deaths of Ray Genet and Hannelore Schmatz on Mount Everest.
  
  By the 21st century one of the popular oxygen systems on Mount Everest used carbon-fiber aluminum bottles, with a 3 liter bottling of oxygen weighing 7 pounds (3.2 kg) when filled up at 3000 psi (207 kPa).
   George Mallory described the use of such oxygen as unsportsmanlike, but he later concluded that it would be impossible for him to summit without it and consequently used it on his final attempt in 1924. When Tenzing and Hillary made the first successful summit in 1953, they also used open-circuit bottled oxygen sets, with the expedition's physiologist Griffith Pugh referring to the oxygen debate as a "futile controversy", noting that oxygen "greatly increases subjective appreciation of the surroundings, which after all is one of the chief reasons for climbing." For the next twenty-five years, bottled oxygen was considered standard for any successful summit.
   The team made a huge effort for the next 12 hours to try to get him down the mountain, but to no avail, as they were unsuccessful in getting him through the difficult sections. Even for the able, the Everest North-East ridge is recognised as a challenge. It is hard to rescue someone who has become incapacitated and it can be beyond the ability of rescuers to save "anyone" in such a difficult spot. One way around this situation was pioneered by two Nepali men in 2011, who had intended to paraglide off the summit. They had no choice and were forced to go through with their plan anyway, because they had run out of bottled oxygen and supplies. They successfully launched off the summit and para-glided down to Namche Bazaar in just 42 minutes, without having to climb down the mountain.
   BULLET::::- 1980 – A four-man team consisting of Polish climbers Voytek Kurtyka, Ludwik Wiczyczynski, Frenchman René Ghilini and Scotsman Alex MacIntyre climb the east face, topping out at 7,500 m on the northeast ridge. After a bivouac they descend back to base camp in a storm. One week later they climb the mountain via the northeast ridge reaching the summit on 18 May.
   In 2012, British alpinists Sandy Allan, Rick Allen, and South African Cathy O'Dowd, along with three Sherpas Lhakpa Rangduk, Lhakpa Nuru and Lhakpa Zarok, traversed the ridge to Mazeno Col and set up a camp at . A summit attempt the next day proved unsuccessful and O'Dowd and the three Sherpas decided to descend via the Diamir Face. After two more days, Allan and Allen successfully made their summit attempt on 15 July and descended by the Kinshofer Route to reach base camp on the 19th after an expedition lasting 18 days.
   Both chemical and compressed gas oxygen have been used in experimental closed-circuit oxygen systems – the first on Mt. Everest in 1938. A high rate of system failures due to extreme cold has not been solved. Breathing pure oxygen results in an elevated partial pressure of oxygen in the blood: a climber breathing pure oxygen at the summit of Mt. Everest has a greater oxygen partial pressure than breathing air at sea level. This results in being able to exert greater physical effort at altitude.
  
  Section::::Fields of application.:Atmospheric diving suits.
  
presuppositions: Getting oxygen to Mount Everest climbers is a necessity. It's not possible to run a pressurized oxygen line to the top of Mount Everest.
corrections: No one needs to climb Mount Everest. It could be possible to run a pressurized oxygen line to the top of Mount Everest but there's no one willing to pay for it.
raw_presuppositions: Getting oxygen to Mount Everest climbers is a necessity. It's not possible to run a pressurized oxygen line to the top of Mount Everest.
raw_corrections: No one needs to climb Mount Everest. It could be possible to run a pressurized oxygen line to the top of Mount Everest but there's no one willing to pay for it.