question: Why does soap bubble up when you disrupt the water it’s in?
comment: Soap reduces surface tension of water, which is to say, it makes water able to be thinned out/stretched easier. When you disturb soap water, you are pushing air into the water. This air wants to escape due to buoyancy, and when it tries to, it pushes water above upwards. With reduced surface tension, it is able to push water all the way out of the waterline forming a bubble.
passages: BULLET::::- Evaporation: This can be slowed down by blowing bubbles in a wet atmosphere, or by adding some sugar to the water.
  
  BULLET::::- Dirt and fat: When the bubble touches the ground, a wall, or our skin, it usually ruptures the soap film. This can be prevented by wetting these surfaces with water (preferably containing some soap).
  
  Section::::Physics.:Wetting.
   Surface tension is visible in other common phenomena, especially when surfactants are used to decrease it:
  
  BULLET::::- Soap bubbles have very large surface areas with very little mass. Bubbles in pure water are unstable. The addition of surfactants, however, can have a stabilizing effect on the bubbles (see Marangoni effect). Note that surfactants actually reduce the surface tension of water by a factor of three or more.
   When a soap bubble is in contact with a solid or a liquid surface wetting is observed. On a solid surface, the contact angle of the bubble depends on the surface energy of the solid., A soap bubble has a larger contact angle on a solid surface displaying ultrahydrophobicity than on a hydrophilic surface – see Wetting. On a liquid surface, the contact angle of the soap bubble depends on its size - smaller bubbles have lower contact angles.
  
  Section::::Medicine.
  
  Section::::Medicine.:Contact dermatitis.
  
  The composition of soap bubbles' liquid has many recipes with slightly different ingredients. The most common one contains:
   Daily experience shows that soap bubble formation is not feasible with water or with any pure liquid. Actually, the presence of soap, which is composed at a molecular scale of surfactants, is necessary to stabilize the film. Most of the time, surfactants are amphiphilic, which means they are molecules with both a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic part. Thus, they are arranged preferentially at the air/water interface (see figure 1).
   When light shines onto a bubble it appears to change colour. Unlike those seen in a rainbow, which arise from differential refraction, the colours seen in a soap bubble arise from interference of light reflecting off the front and back surfaces of the thin soap film. Depending on the thickness of the film, different colours interfere constructively and destructively.
  
  Section::::Mathematics.
   While it has been known since 1884 that a spherical soap bubble is the least-area way of enclosing a given volume of air (a theorem of H. A. Schwarz), it was not until 2000 that it was proven that two merged soap bubbles provide the optimum way of enclosing two given volumes of air of different size with the least surface area. This has been dubbed the "double bubble conjecture".
   When two bubbles merge, they adopt a shape which makes the sum of their surface areas as small as possible, compatible with the volume of air each bubble encloses. If the bubbles are of equal size, their common wall is flat. If they aren't the same size, their common wall bulges into the larger bubble, since the smaller one has a higher internal pressure than the larger one, as predicted by the Young–Laplace equation.
   Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- Antibubble
  
  BULLET::::- Bubble pipe
  
  BULLET::::- Foam
  
  BULLET::::- Joseph Plateau
  
  BULLET::::- Stretched grid method
  
  BULLET::::- Tom Noddy
  
  BULLET::::- Weaire–Phelan structure
  
  Section::::Further reading.
  
  BULLET::::- Oprea, John (2000). "The Mathematics of Soap Films – Explorations with Maple". American Mathematical Society (1st ed.).
  
  BULLET::::- Boys, C. V. (1890) "Soap-Bubbles and the Forces that Mould Them"; (Dover reprint) . Classic Victorian exposition, based on a series of lectures originally delivered "before a juvenile audience".
  
  BULLET::::- Isenberg, Cyril (1992) "The Science of Soap Films and Soap Bubbles "; (Dover) .
   Section::::Recreation.
  
  Section::::Recreation.:Use in play.
  
  Soap bubbles have been used as entertainment for at least 400 years, as evidenced by 17th-century Flemish paintings showing children blowing bubbles with clay pipes. The London-based firm A. & F. Pears created a famous advertising campaign for its soaps in 1886 using a painting by John Everett Millais of a child playing with bubbles. The Chicago company Chemtoy began selling bubble solution in the 1940s, and bubble solution has been popular with children ever since. According to one industry estimate, retailers sell around 200 million bottles annually.
  
  Section::::Recreation.:Colored bubbles.
   If surfactants are well chosen and the atmospheric humidity and air movements are suitably controlled, a horizontal soap film can last from minutes to hours. In contrast, a vertical soap film is affected by gravity and so the liquid tends to drain, causing the soap film to thin at the top. Colour depends on film thickness, which accounts for the coloured interference fringes that can be seen at the top of figure 4.
  
  Section::::Bursting.
   Section::::Physics.:Liquid surface.
  
  To find the shape of the minimal surface bounded by some arbitrary shaped frame using strictly mathematical means can be a daunting task. Yet by fashioning the frame out of wire and dipping it in soap-solution, a locally minimal surface will appear in the resulting soap-film within seconds.
   Section::::Recreation.:Freezing.
   The above explanation only holds for bubbles of one medium submerged in another medium (e.g. bubbles of gas in a soft drink); the volume of a membrane bubble (e.g. soap bubble) will not distort light very much, and one can only see a membrane bubble due to thin-film diffraction and reflection.
  
  Section::::Physics and chemistry.:Applications.
  
  Nucleation can be intentionally induced, for example to create a bubblegram in a solid.
  
  In medical ultrasound imaging, small encapsulated bubbles called contrast agent are used to enhance the contrast.
   Freezing of small soap bubbles happens within 2 seconds after setting on snow (at air temperature around –10...–14 °C).
  
  Section::::Art.
   The longevity of a soap bubble is limited by the ease of rupture of the very thin layer of water which constitutes its surface, namely a micrometer-thick soap film.
  
  It is thus sensitive to :
  
  BULLET::::- Drainage within the soap film: water falls down due to gravity. This can be slowed down by increasing the water viscosity, for instance by adding glycerol. Still, there is an ultimate height limit, which is the capillary length, very high for soap bubbles: around 13 feet (4 meters). In principle, there is no limit in the length it can reach.
   There are various factors affecting surface tension, one of which is that the "composition" of the surface may be different from the bulk. For example, if water is mixed with a tiny amount of surfactants (for example, hand soap), the bulk water may be 99% water molecules and 1% soap molecules, but the topmost surface of the water may be 50% water molecules and 50% soap molecules. In this case, the soap has a large and positive "surface excess". In other examples, the surface excess may be negative: For example, if water is mixed with an inorganic salt like sodium chloride, the surface of the water is on average "less" salty and more pure than the bulk average.
   BULLET::::- is known as surface concentration, it represents excess of solute per unit area of the surface over what would be present if the bulk concentration prevailed all the way to the surface. It has units of mol/m
  
  BULLET::::- is the concentration of the substance in the bulk solution.
  
  BULLET::::- is the gas constant and the temperature
  
  Certain assumptions are taken in its deduction, therefore Gibbs isotherm can only be applied to ideal (very dilute) solutions with two components.
  
  Section::::Thermodynamics.:Thermodynamics of soap bubbles.:Influence of particle size on vapor pressure.
   BULLET::::- 2/3 cup of dishwashing soap
  
  BULLET::::- 1 gallon of water
  
  BULLET::::- 2/3 tablespoon of glycerine
  
  Because of the presence of dishwasher soap, it's not uncommon for children to contract dermatitis on face, hands with consequences as rashes, swelling of the eyes, vomiting and dizziness.
  
  Section::::Soap bubbles as unconventional computing.
  
  "See also Unconventional computing."
   Section::::Background.:Theory.
  
  Section::::Background.:Theory.:Young-Laplace equation.
  
  As vapor bubbles form in a liquid solvent, interfacial tension causes a pressure difference, Δ"p", across the surface given by the Young-Laplace equation. The pressure is greater on the concave side of the liquid lamellae (the inside of the bubble) with radius, R, dependent on the pressure differential. For spherical bubbles in a wet foam and standard surface tension , the equation for the change in pressure is as follows:
   Section::::Thermodynamics.:Thermodynamics of soap bubbles.
  
  The pressure inside an ideal (one surface) soap bubble can be derived from thermodynamic free energy considerations. At constant temperature and particle number, , the differential Helmholtz energy is given by
  
  where is the difference in pressure inside and outside of the bubble, and is the surface tension. In equilibrium, , and so,
  
  For a spherical bubble, the volume and surface area are given simply by
  
  and
  
  Substituting these relations into the previous expression, we find
   Soap film
  
  Soap films are thin layers of liquid (usually water-based) surrounded by air. For example, if two soap bubbles come into contact, they merge and a thin film is created in between. Thus, foams are composed of a network of films connected by Plateau borders. Films are used as model systems for minimal surfaces, which are widely used in mathematics.
  
  Section::::Stability.
   Because of these qualities, soap bubbles films have been used with practical problem solving application. Structural engineer Frei Otto used soap bubble films to determine the geometry of a sheet of least surface area that spreads between several points, and translated this geometry into revolutionary tensile roof structures. A famous example is his West German Pavilion at Expo 67 in Montreal.
  
  Section::::Physics.
  
  Section::::Physics.:Merging.
   Section::::Types of pattern.:Bubbles, foam.
  
  A soap bubble forms a sphere, a surface with minimal area — the smallest possible surface area for the volume enclosed. Two bubbles together form a more complex shape: the outer surfaces of both bubbles are spherical; these surfaces are joined by a third spherical surface as the smaller bubble bulges slightly into the larger one.
   Using a whisk on certain liquids, notably cream or egg whites, can also create foams through mechanical action. This is the method employed in the making of sponge cakes, where an egg protein matrix produced by vigorous whipping provides almost all the structure of the finished product.
   A bar of wet soap relies on ventilation to dry. A number of design elements may be used to increase ambient airflow around the soap, including vented surfaces or surfaces interspersed with bumps, ridges, or slats. Mechanical ventilation has not yet become a widespread design element in soap dishes.
  
  Section::::Design elements.:Cleanliness.
  