question: how come some brands have completely different names in different countries e.g. Lynx - Axe, Walkers - Lays, Where's Wally - Where's Waldo.
comment: There is as much answers as there are cases. But, this implies usually a marketing decision that try to adapt the product to the local / country culture to be more acceptable to the target customers.
passages: BULLET::::- In Portugal, Opel Ascona was marketed as Opel 1604 because the model name is similar to a slang word for female genitalia, "cona".
  
  BULLET::::- For that same reason, and because of the same word, although written differently, the Hyundai Kona was renamed Hyundai Kauai.
   In non-English-speaking countries, many brands use English- or American-styled names. In English and other non-English-speaking countries, many cosmetics and fashion brands use French- or Italian-styled names. Also, Japanese, Scandinavian, and of other origin-sounding names are used in both English- and non-English-speaking countries to achieve specific effects.
  
  Section::::English-speaking countries.
  
  BULLET::::- Pret A Manger sandwich retail chain is British but its name is French for "ready to eat".
  
  BULLET::::- Häagen-Dazs ice cream, intended to have a Danish-sounding name, was established by Jewish-Polish immigrants Reuben and Rose Mattus in the Bronx, New York.
   BULLET::::- Charmin From February 2010, the product's European brand name was changed to Cushelle by manufacturer SCA.[4] There is also a new mascot, Koala which is a koala. In the advertisements for Cushelle, they are voiced-over by Robert Webb.
  
  BULLET::::- Datsun became Nissan in 1983
  
  BULLET::::- Deloitte Consulting became "Braxton" in 2002 before changing back to the original brand of Deloitte Consulting in 2003.
  
  BULLET::::- DFT became "DAC" on 2 July 2015.
   For example, the Emininentes (see coronas table below) is currently produced by two brands or manufacturers, H. Upmann and Partagas. 
  
  H.Upmann sells it as" 'Corona Major' "and Partagas has two models in that size, the" 'Coronas Senior' "and the" 'Petit Coronas Especiales' ", but regardless of manufacturer or model name, all three are Emininentes and are exactly the same size and shape.
   BULLET::::- Oil of Ulay (as it was known in the United Kingdom) became "Olay" in 1999.
  
  BULLET::::- Opal Fruits (as it was known in the United Kingdom) became "Starburst" in 1998.
  
  BULLET::::- Opryland Hotel in Nashville, Tennessee, United States rebranded itself as "Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center" after its parent company (Gaylord Entertainment Company) announced plans to build similar hotels in new markets.
  
  BULLET::::- Ondigital became "ITV Digital" in 2001.
   Because English is widely viewed as a global language, with over 380 million native speakers, many international trademarks are created in English. Still, language differences present difficulties when using a trademark internationally.
  
  Section::::International considerations.:Product naming faux pas.
  
  Many companies have stumbled across the importance of considering language differences in marketing new products.
  
  BULLET::::- Audi named their hybrid models e-tron, étron meaning "excrement" in French.
  
  BULLET::::- The Mitsubishi Pajero SUV is called Montero in Spanish-speaking countries as "pajero" is a commonly used as a pejorative to mean "wanker".
   BULLET::::- The Swedish snack food company Estrella is named after the Spanish word for star.
  
  BULLET::::- Alcott and Alcott Los Angeles are clothing stores marketed towards teenagers and young adults found in many cities across Italy that copy the Californian/American surfer style. Their only stores outside of Italy are in Paris, France; Beirut, Lebanon; and Tbilisi, Georgia.
  
  BULLET::::- Fashion accessories company Parfois (a French word meaning "sometimes") is in fact Portuguese.
  
  Many South Korean corporations use foreign branding:
   BULLET::::- Ginsu knives have a Japanese-sounding name ("Ginsu", Kanji: 銀簾; Hiragana: ぎんす), but are made in America by Douglas Quikut.
  
  BULLET::::- Rykä shoes are given a Finnish-looking name, despite being an American company.
  
  BULLET::::- Berghaus, a British outdoor equipment company, converted the name of its first premises (LD Mountain Centre) roughly into German to market its own products.
  
  BULLET::::- Swiss Chalet is Canadian-based family restaurant known for chicken dinners. Some locations maintain a visual decor resembling a Swiss chalet.
  
  BULLET::::- Au Bon Pain, a bakery cafe with a French name, was founded in Boston.
   BULLET::::- je (Jersey) is often used as a diminutive in Dutch (e.g. "huis.je"), as "your" ("zoek.je" = "search your"), or as "I" in French (e.g. "moi.je").
  
  BULLET::::- la (Laos) is marketed as suggesting Los Angeles or Latin America.
  
  BULLET::::- li (Liechtenstein) is marketed as meaning Long Island.
  
  BULLET::::- lv (Latvia) is also used to abbreviate Las Vegas or less frequently, love.
  
  BULLET::::- ly (Libya) is also used for words ending with suffix "ly".
  
  BULLET::::- md (Moldova) is marketed to the medical industry (as in "medical domain" or "medical doctor").
   BULLET::::- Jesmar Toy Company made the dolls for the European Market, including Spain, Italy, and West Germany.
  
  BULLET::::- Lili Ledy Toy Company made the dolls for Mexico and South America.
  
  BULLET::::- Triang-Pedigree Toy Company made the dolls for South Africa.
  
  BULLET::::- Tsukuda Toy Company manufactured the dolls for Japan and Asia.
   Only 5 early Olympics were sold in Turkey and Leyland sales personnel discovered resistance to a name of Greek origin. So, the 300 B36D vehicles sold to the Istanbul municipal bus fleet in 1968/9 were named Leyland-MCW Levend, a word meaning a crack soldier.
  
  Section::::Production and sales.:Other destinations.
   Axe was launched in France in 1983 by Unilever. It was inspired by another of Unilever's brands, Impulse. Unilever introduced many products in the range, but were forced to use the name Lynx in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand due to trademark issues with the Axe name. In addition, some countries (such as South Africa) introduced the brand as EGO.
   BULLET::::- 1989 The mass market car subsidiary, still named Austin Rover Group Ltd, shortens its name to simply Rover Group Ltd - thus ending the use of the Austin brand in the public domain.
  
  BULLET::::- 1994 Rover Group Car Holdings Ltd sold to BMW, collaboration with Honda ends
  
  BULLET::::- 1994 Maestro and Montego go out of production.
  
  BULLET::::- 1998 Metro/100-series goes out of production – the last of the former Austin models.
  
  BULLET::::- 2000 BMW decides to break up and sell the Rover empire; Land Rover sold to Ford
   BULLET::::- The Honda Fit was originally intended to be named the "Fitta", but the name was shortened and in some markets renamed completely upon discovering that in several Nordic languages, "fitta" is a vulgar word for the female genitalia.
  
  BULLET::::- Buick initially chose to rename its LaCrosse to Allure in Canada; a slang term meaning "to cross oneself" was a euphemism for masturbation in Quebec. GM reversed its position in 2009, returning the LaCrosse nameplate.
   BULLET::::- "On és Wally?" (Catalan)
  
  BULLET::::- (Chinese)
  
  BULLET::::- "Gdje je Jura?" (Croatian)
  
  BULLET::::- "Hvor er Holger?" (Danish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Waar is Wally?" (Dutch)
  
  BULLET::::- "Missä Vallu?" (Finnish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Où est Charlie?" (French)
  
  BULLET::::- "¿Onde está Wally?" (Galician)
  
  BULLET::::- "Wo ist Walter?" (German)
  
  BULLET::::- (Hebrew)
  
  BULLET::::- "Hvar er Valli?" (Icelandic)
  
  BULLET::::- "Ubaldo dove sei?" (Italian)
  
  BULLET::::- (Japanese)
  
  BULLET::::- (Korean)
  
  BULLET::::- "Hvor er Willy?" (Norwegian)
  
  BULLET::::- "Gdzie jest Wally?" (Polish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Onde está o Wally?" (Portuguese)
  
  BULLET::::- "Где Уолли?" (Russian)
  
  BULLET::::- "¿Dónde está Wally?" (Spanish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Var är Waldo?" (Swedish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Ali nerede?" (Turkish)
  
  BULLET::::- "Văn Lang ở đâu?" (Vietnamese)
   BULLET::::- Cannondale - an American division of Canadian conglomerate Dorel Industries
  
  BULLET::::- Canyon bicycles - Germany
  
  BULLET::::- Catrike - United States (Recumbent trikes)
  
  BULLET::::- CCM - Canada
  
  BULLET::::- Centurion - United States
  
  BULLET::::- Cervélo - Canada
  
  BULLET::::- Chater-Lea - UK
  
  BULLET::::- Chicago Bicycle Company - United States (defunct)
  
  BULLET::::- CHUMBA - United States
  
  BULLET::::- Cilo - Switzerland
  
  BULLET::::- Cinelli - Italy
  
  BULLET::::- Clark-Kent - United States (defunct)
  
  BULLET::::- Claud Butler - UK
  
  BULLET::::- Clément - France (defunct)
  
  BULLET::::- Co-Motion Cycles - United States
  
  BULLET::::- Coker - United States
  
  BULLET::::- Colnago - Italy
  
  BULLET::::- Columbia Bicycles - United States
   Other more unusual reasons for renaming have included:
  
  BULLET::::- To get rid of an inappropriate or embarrassing name
  
  BULLET::::- As part of a sponsorship deal or publicity stunt
  
  A change might see a completely different name being adopted or may only be a slight change in spelling.
   The overall but now heavily transitioned company has origins as far back as 1999, but evolved from the Australian arm of the brand KooGa. Australian founder and current chairman, Kim Brant, re-branded KooGa Australia to "BLK" in 2011. BLK has a network of suppliers in France; Ireland; Japan; Malaysia; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Solomon Islands; South Africa; United Kingdom, United Arab Emirates and the United States. BLK's headquarters in the Gold Coast features its own fully operational warehouse while they also have production facilities in Fiji and China.
   BULLET::::- VEB Plasticart Zschopau: That was the last name as "VEB" from 1973 to 1989, the packaging was the same as from 1969/70 but from 1973 they then received a company logo. From 1987, some kits appeared in a very novel black box, with a picture of a constructed model on the cover.
  
  BULLET::::- Mastermodell GmbH: From 1989 to 1991 they were produced as a limited company under that name.
  
  In addition to these company names, two more brand names were used by UK importers: "Playfix" from the mid-1980s and "Nu-Bee" from the early 1990s.
  
  Section::::Products.
   BULLET::::- Criterion Collection, an American video-distribution company which licenses "important classic and contemporary films"
  
  BULLET::::- CC, the production code for the 1966 "Doctor Who" serial "The Smugglers"
  
  Section::::Brands and enterprises.
  
  Section::::Brands and enterprises.:In transportation.
  
  BULLET::::- Air Atlanta Icelandic (IATA airline designator), an Icelandic airline
  
  BULLET::::- Chicago Central and Pacific Railroad (reporting mark CC)
  
  BULLET::::- C-C, a wheel configuration for diesel and electric locomotives
  
  BULLET::::- Custom Coaches, an Australian bus body builder
  
  BULLET::::- MacAir Airlines (former IATA airline designator), a defunct Australian airline
  
  BULLET::::- Volkswagen CC, a Volkswagen luxury car model
  
  Section::::Brands and enterprises.:Other brands and enterprises.
   BULLET::::- The Ford Maverick was intended to be marketed in Brazil as the Ford Pinto, but no one in Brazil would identify Pinto as a horse breed, since "pinto" (a small chicken) is a Brazilian informal term for "penis".
  
  BULLET::::- In Croatia, Serbia, Bosnia, and Montenegro, Nestlé could not sell instant coffee called Kenjara because the name resembles Serbo-Croatian vulgar words related to defecation.
  
  BULLET::::- The Toyota MR2 sportscar is named MR in France, because a way of pronouncing it, "merdeux", sounds like the word for "shitty" in French.
   In France, due to cultural disquiet over the word "frog", these kits were sold and marketed under the "Tri-ang" brand, whilst in North America, for similar reasons, the Frog name was thought unacceptable and the kits were repackaged as "Air Lines" – an allusion to Lines Brothers Ltd – the founders of IMA / Tri-ang.
  
  Section::::History.:Demise.
   BULLET::::- 1929: Dr. Emil Mauritz Hünnebeck forms Hünnebeck GmbH, a global manufacturer of formwork, scaffolding and safety products for the construction industry, under the name Rautennetz GmbH in Essen, Germany.
  
  BULLET::::- 1936: After inventing the first steel scaffold, Reinhold Uecker founds Safway under the name Uecker Equipment Company in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
  
  BULLET::::- 1937: Uecker Equipment Company changes its name to Safway Steel Scaffolds of Wisconsin.
  
  BULLET::::- 1961: Brand Energy and Infrastructure Services (BEIS) is founded as a Chicago-based insulation company. Rautennetz GmbH changes its name to Hünnebeck GmbH.
  
  BULLET::::- 1970: BEIS becomes an access provider.
   Section::::Simca Aronde P60.:A proliferation of names.
  
  In line with the manufacturer's determination to offer customers more choice, the Simca Aronde P60 was offered with various names. The following cars all shared the same wheelbase and the same length/width footprint:
   Often, especially in the industrial sector, brand engineers will promote a company's name. Exactly how the company name relates to product and services names forms part of a brand architecture. Decisions about company names and product names and their relationship depend on more than a dozen strategic considerations.
  
  In this case, a strong brand-name (or company name) becomes the vehicle for marketing a range of products (for example, Mercedes-Benz or Black & Decker) or a range of subsidiary brands (such as Cadbury Dairy Milk, Cadbury Flake, or Cadbury Fingers in the UK).
  
raw_presuppositions: Names should be the same in all countries.
raw_corrections: Names are adapted to fit the culture better.