question: How poor, homeless people survive, especially in 3rd World Countries
comment: I live in South Africa, and we have landfill pickers too. Simply put, they live a life of true poverty. Their houses are crude A-frames constructed from materials they find on the landfill or in the trash - sheets of plastic over sticks lashed together just well enough to keep the weather out. They live at the landfill/sorting ground on vacant land. Their clothes have holes in them, are caked in dirt and smell of wood smoke, likely picked from the very landfill they live on. They have no healthcare, or access to social grants. Many of them aren’t even citizens and so couldn’t receive much even if they were able to make the journey to apply for such things. They look aged beyond their years. Staple food is cheap. A kilogram of maize meal here is R10, that’s less than a dollar to feed yourself for at least two days. They can’t afford much more than this. Some canned tomato and onion might be a treat if they have a good day. Many are slowly starving and in no way receive adequate nutrition. So the take away? Food is cheap, and you can survive without everything else if you absolutely have to.
passages: Another challenge faced by the homeless is exposure to extreme weather in summer and winter. A study found that between January 2005 and December 2009, seven homeless individuals passed away every day in Delhi. Their deaths were not recorded by the police and they also did not receive a funeral.
   BULLET::::- In Uganda: BYEPA and USEP.
  
  This does not include around 50 organisations supported by the IYSH Trust during the 1987 International Year of Shelter for the Homeless.
  
  Section::::Notable projects.
  
  Examples of projects supported by Homeless International include:
  
  BULLET::::- Community-managed toilets piloted and replicated by SPARC in Mumbai and other Indian cities
  
  BULLET::::- Technical support for the relocation of 30,000 railway dwelling families and 20,000 pavement dwelling families to permanent housing by SPARC; including bridge finance for the construction of "Milan Nagar", a pilot 5-story building built by pavement dwellers.
   According to the 2011 Census, there were 1.77 million homeless people in India, or 0.15% of the country's total population. In India, the cities with the greatest number of homeless individuals and families are Greater Mumbai, Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, and Bangalore.
  
  Section::::Other countries.:Japan.
   The first experience follows Jeffrey and his brother Clifford Azize to the streets of The Big Apple, where the boys live with the homeless for a week in one of the coldest winters on record. The brothers are the children of divorced parents; they have not seen their father for 10 years. The Azize brothers look for hope and camaraderie among their homeless companions, while learning how to survive on the streets.
   Homeless individuals and families in India face challenges accessing water and hygiene services. A 2011 Census of India found that safe drinking water coverage in urban areas is at 91.9% while regular sanitation access is at 81.4%. There is a significant lack of housing in major urban areas in India. People come from the rural part of India to look for work and when there are no accommodations for housing build their own shelters, often known as "hutments."
  
  Section::::Other countries.:India.:Statistics of homeless population within India.
   Approximately 18 million street children and orphans survive on India‘s streets. Many of these children are born in, or migrate to, India's urban centres. Pune has about 8.000 street children, and Mumbai, with a population of over 20 million inhabitants, has close to 100.000 street children. These children improvise a living by begging, collecting and selling scrap and waste, brushing shoes and other forms of child labour.
   Most countries provide a variety of services to assist homeless people. Provisions of food, shelter and clothing and may be organized and run by community organizations, often with the help of volunteers, or by government departments. Assistance programs may be supported by government, charities, churches and individual donors. In 1998, a study by Koegel and Schoeni of a homeless population in Los Angeles, California, reported that a significant number of homeless do not participate in government assistance programs, and the authors reported being puzzled as to why that was, with the only possible suggestion from the evidence being that transaction costs were perhaps too high.
   Section::::Efforts to assist.:Governmental services.
   Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- Abahlali baseMjondolo in South Africa
  
  BULLET::::- The Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee in India
  
  BULLET::::- The EZLN in Mexico
  
  BULLET::::- Fanmi Lavalas in Haiti
  
  BULLET::::- The Landless Peoples Movement in South Africa
  
  BULLET::::- The Landless Workers' Movement in Brazil
  
  BULLET::::- Movement for Justice en el Barrio in the United States of America
  
  BULLET::::- Narmada Bachao Andolan in India
  
  BULLET::::- Take Back the Land in the United States of America
  
  BULLET::::- The Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign in South Africa
  
  Section::::References.
  
  BULLET::::1. Movimento de sem-teto reúne 40 mil famílias. Por Cleide Carvalho. "O Globo", 18 de outubro de 2013.
   Scholars and agencies have suggested various strategies to help street children, many of which focus on the use of NGOs. A.B. Bose of UNICEF and Sarah Thomas de Benitez of the Consortium for Street Children suggest that the main responsibility of assistance should be given to NGOs, which should be backed financially by the government. Because NGOs have the ability to be more flexible than the government, they are better able to meet the needs of street children in varied circumstances.
   Many NGOs working in housing sector utilize “self-help techniques” that can be viewed in two perspectives; one is that NGOs can work to “overcome the lack of funds and still be able to do something”; and the other is that NGOs can work to spread awareness about issues related to homelessness and help make people more “conscious”. Some advantages that NGOs have are: “flexibility and possibility to experiment; high sensitivity to local problems; a good rapport with the people involved in the project; opportunities to make use of mutual help; aid of international organizations (expertise); inspiring enthusiasm; possibilities to tackle controversial issues”. However, NGOs that implement shelter projects are limited to what they can do because the location of the project always impacts the quality of the shelter, something that is out of the NGO’s control.
   BULLET::::- Shelter Home - A home for homeless- The National Urban Housing & Habitat Policy (NUHHP), 2007 aims at promoting sustainable development of habitat in the country with a view to ensuring equitable supply of land, shelter and services at affordable prices to all sections of the society. However, the most vulnerable of these are the urban homeless. The Urban homeless persons contribute to the economy of the cities and thus the nation as cheap labor in the informal sector; yet they live with no shelter or social security protection. The urban homeless survive with many challenges like no access to elementary public services such as health, education, food, water and sanitation. Citizens Foundation has set up the Shelter Home in Ranchi and Jamshedpur districts of Jharkhand to rehabilitate unidentified homeless people. We Manage shelters for both male and female at Jamshedpur and Ranchi respectively.
   In 2005, an estimated 100 million people worldwide were homeless. The following statistics indicate the approximate average number of homeless people at any one time. Each country has a different approach to counting homeless people, and estimates of homelessness made by different organizations vary wildly, so comparisons should be made with caution.
  
  Section::::Global statistics.:Developing and undeveloped countries.
   Projects are developed based on the specific needs of a country's poorest populations located in underdeveloped areas. In Chad, for example, World Concern works in camps for refugees from the Darfur region of Sudan and internally displaced Chadians. In partnership with organizations such as
  
  USAID, World Concern implements a "Cash for Work" program that employs people living in the camp to perform labor, such as building rock bunds to reduce erosion. Workers receive vouchers, which they can convert to cash to purchase food, clothing and other necessities.
   That same year, 'Pies Descalzos' initiated work in Soacha, Cundinamarca, a suburb on the outskirts of Bogotá. According to the Colombian Social Welfare Network, Soacha has one of the highest rates of incoming victims of displacement. Their work began at the "Gabriel Garcia Marquez" and "El Minuto " schools in the "Altos de Cazuca" neighborhoods, providing opportunities for another 980 children.
   Living in Emergency
  
  Living in Emergency: Stories of Doctors Without Borders is a 2008 American documentary film directed by Mark N. Hopkins. It was among the 15 documentaries shortlisted for the Best Documentary Oscar by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for the 82nd Academy Awards.
   Poor urban housing conditions are a global problem, but conditions are worst in developing countries. Habitat says that today 600 million people live in life- and health-threatening homes in Africa, Asia, and Latin America. For example, more than three in four young people had insufficient means of shelter and sanitation in some African countries like Malawi. "The threat of mass homelessness is greatest in those regions because that is where population is growing fastest. By 2015, the 10 largest cities in the world will be in Asia, Latin America, and Africa. Nine of them will be in developing countries: Mumbai, India – 27.4 million; Lagos, Nigeria – 24.4; Shanghai, China – 23.4; Jakarta, Indonesia – 21.2; São Paulo, Brazil – 20.8; Karachi, Pakistan – 20.6; Beijing, China – 19.4; Dhaka, Bangladesh – 19; Mexico City, Mexico – 18.8. The only city in a developed country that will be in the top ten is Tokyo, Japan – 28.7 million."
   Determining the true number of homeless people worldwide varies between 100 million and 1 billion people based on the exact definition used. Refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced persons (ITDs) can also be considered homeless in that they too experience "marginalization, minority status, socio-economic disadvantage, poor physical health, collapse of social supports, psychological distress, and difficulty adapting to host cultures" like the domestic homeless.
   Along with his continuing lectures Holdt has since 1991 worked as a volunteer for CARE (Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere) in several third world countries. He has continued to document the lives of those in poverty while working for CARE.
   "I Live Here" started out as a book documentary about the stories of refugees and displaced women and children in Burma, Juarez, Chechnya, and Malawi. The I Live Here foundation began following the realization that more needed to be done in addition to the book project.
  
  Section::::Kachere Prison Project.
   There were about 643,000 sheltered and unsheltered Homelessness in the United States in January 2009. Almost two-thirds stayed in an emergency shelter or transitional housing program and the other third were living on the street, in an abandoned building, or another place not meant for human habitation. About 1.56 million people, or about 0.5% of the U.S. population, used an emergency shelter or a transitional housing program between October 1, 2008 and September 30, 2009. Around 44% of homeless people are employed. As of 2018, the number of U.S. citizens living in their vehicles because they cannot find affordable housing is on the rise, particularly in cities with steep increases in the cost of living such as Los Angeles, Portland, Oregon and San Francisco.
   Homelessness is in part a direct result of families migrating from rural to urban cities and urbanization. Migration to urban areas can occur for a variety of reasons ranging from loss of land, need for sustainable employment, lack of clean water and other resources, and in some cases like the Bargi Dam Project, loss of all property and complete displacement. Once reaching cities, homeless attempt to create shelters out of tin, cardboard, wood, and plastic. Slums can provide an escape, yet individuals often cannot afford them. Homeless individuals may experience abuse, maltreatment and lack of access to schools and healthcare.
   Live and Learn in Kenya
  
  Live and Learn in Kenya NGO (Non-Governmental Organization) is a charitable organization with the goal of changing the lives and the futures of children living in poverty in Nakuru, Kenya as well as in other parts of Kenya.
   "Dangerous Living" was screened at several international film festivals and was an official selection at the International Film Festival on Human Rights in Geneva. It won Audience Awards at the Barcelona GLBT International Festival and the Hartford Alternatives Festival. It was also shown at the 2003 San Francisco International Lesbian & Gay Film Festival (Frameline) and the 2005 Boston Gay & Lesbian Film Festival. The film had its US broadcast premiere on May 11, 2005 on the here! network, with an introduction by former US ambassador James Hormel. This coincided with the fourth anniversary of Cairo 52. It was released on DVD by First Run Features on May 24, 2005, as part of their "Human Rights Watch Collection". Dennis Harvey reviewed the film for "Variety"; he called it "workmanlike and at times [...] cluttered" but "fascinating and educational."
   Since around 2017, the UNHCR prioritizes urban refugees for resettlement over those refugees living in refugee camps. In Kenya, for example, only refugees living in Nairobi are submitted for resettlement places, and not those refugees living in Kakuma or Dadaab.
  
  Section::::Reasons for living in urban areas.
  
raw_presuppositions: Homeless people can't survive in 3rd world countries. Homeless people can't survive in 3rd world countries.
raw_corrections: Food in 3rd world countries is cheap. Food in 3rd world countries is cheap.