question: How does a massive government like China just deny that an event like the Tiananmen Square Massacre didn't happen?
comment: China has a massive power called, “controlling education.” they disposed of all evidence that it happened and not put it in the education. just like what happened to the Tank Man incident. they also did it through propaganda.
passages: In the book, which centres around a "detailed reconstruction of the Tiananmen Square massacre on June 3 and 4, 1989," the author examines the confusion of, and mistakes made by, the Chinese authorities, as well as the role of the "Tank Man", the student who famously stood his ground in front of a column of four approaching army tanks.
  
  Section::::Reception.
   While the CSN was initially a go-to organization for U.S. mainstream news media (MSM) to cite, CSN and MSM parted company in a dispute over the casualty count from the June 4 massacre. MSM originally reported 3,000 dead. On June 22, 1989, referred to "the Chinese army's assault on the demonstrators in and around Beijing's Tiananmen Square, an operation in which U.S. intelligence sources estimated "3,000 people were killed."" That casualty count, originally reported as above, was subsequently changed by the news media. CAN reported that it was in the interest of China's propaganda minister to reduce the casualty count by an order of magnitude, resulting in later reports that "hundreds" were killed at Tiananmen Square. In November, 1989, CSN editor James W. Hawkins MD wrote, "It appears as if Mr. Yuan Mu [Chinese State Council spokesman] has gotten his way and when we read reports on the AP wire we are told exactly what Mr. Mu ["sic"] wants us to read."
   Section::::Documents and events.
  
  The Defend Tiananmen Square Headquarters released several documents during the 1989 Tiananmen Square protests of 1989.
   In its 41st session, from 3 to 21 November 2008, the UN Committee Against Torture expressed concern over the lack of investigations into the reports of people "killed, arrested or disappeared on or following the 4 June 1989 Beijing suppression". The Chinese government, it stated, had also failed to inform relatives of those individuals' fate, despite relatives' numerous requests. Meanwhile, those responsible for the use of excessive force had not "faced any sanction, administrative or criminal". The Committee recommended that the Chinese government should take all of those steps, plus "offer apologies and reparation as appropriate and prosecute those found responsible for excessive use of force, torture and other ill-treatment."
   BULLET::::- On June 1, 1989, the Defend Tiananmen Square Headquarters held a press conference to report that Commander-in-chief Chai Ling and her husband Feng Congde were almost got kidnapped by three unknown "students". They believed those men were sent by the government to damage the student organization.
   BULLET::::1. Requests the Secretary-General to transmit to the Commission on Human Rights information provided by the Government of China and by other reliable sources;
  
  BULLET::::2. Makes an appeal for clemency, in particular in favour of persons deprived of their liberty as a result of the above-mentioned events.
   The identities of participants on Tiananmen Square was also called into question by a CNN producer on the scene. While the Chinese government claimed that a 12-year-old Liu Siying had set herself on fire at the urging of her mother, the CNN producer said that she did not see any children among the self-immolators.
   In 2009, a BtS spokesman had written that the NGO verified its information by cross-referencing the testimonies it collected, and that BtS would provide additional information to "any official and independent investigation", including the personal identity of the soldiers, so long as the names were kept confidential.
  
  Section::::Reaction of government.:Reliability of testimonies.
   Because a definitive validation of "The Tiananmen Papers" will be possible only through a comparison with the original documents (something that cannot happen unless the compiler reveals his sources or until the Chinese government opens up its archives), the validity of the book will not be firmly established. 
   She writes about Zhang Xianling, mother of student protester Wang Nan (who was killed during the June 4th massacre). Her attempts to cope with the death of her son and learn the truth behind the deaths of many other students led to the creation of the Tiananmen Mothers, a group of relatives of those who were killed on June 4, 1989. Tiananmen Mothers seeks justice and shed light on the circumstances around their children's deaths. Zhang recalls the days before the massacre and the events leading to her son’s death.
   It was reported at the time that Duan Qirui personally went to the square where the massacre took place and knelt at the site in front of the dead bodies of the protesters.
   Section::::Organizations.
  
  BULLET::::- Secretary-General Javier Perez de Cuellar was concerned at the incident, adding that the government should uphold the utmost restraint, but also noted that the UN Charter prohibits interference in member states' internal affairs (especially member states with a Security Council veto).
   Similarly, in 2011, three secret cables from the United States embassy in Beijing claimed that there was no bloodshed inside Tiananmen Square itself. A Chilean diplomat who had been positioned next to a Red Cross station inside the square told his US counterparts that he did not observe any mass firing of weapons into the crowds of the square itself, although sporadic gunfire was heard. He said that most of the troops which entered the square were armed only with anti-riot gear. Records by the Tiananmen Mothers suggest that three students died in the Square the night of the Army's push into the Square.
   BULLET::::- On June 2, 1989. The commander-in-chief Chai Ling represent the Defend Tiananmen Square Headquarters accepted the interview of Phillip J. Cunningham. And later this interview was played by the BBC News. She introduced the situation of Government kept ignore the students demands to the British audiences, and the hunger strike situation in China. She was hoping people in other countries could support their activities.
   Section::::Prior To Martial Law.
   A significant challenge to arriving at a definitive assessment of the event is that independent corroboration of the government's claims has not been possible. According to Human Rights Watch (HRW), the lack of independent information made the incident one of the most difficult stories for reporters in Beijing to report. "The New York Times" stated that conflicting claims were difficult to assess "[w]ith propaganda streaming in from seemingly opposite ends of the universe ... especially since the remaining Falun Gong practitioners have been driven underground."
   Section::::Enactment of Martial Law.
   David Ansen, "Newsweek" – “deep, powerful and rivetingly complex”
  
  Charles Taylor, "Boston Phoenix" – “"The Gate of Heavenly Peace", Richard Gordon and Carma Hilton's magnificent and devastating three-hour documentary on the 1989 Chinese democracy movement, which culminated with the tragedy at Tiananmen Square, has the richness, clarity, and complexity that only the best documentaries afford… It is certainly one of the great documentaries of the past 20 years.”
   Lim paints a portrait of Chengdu, a city in southwest China, after the protests with "memories, declassified U.S. diplomatic cables, diaries, hastily written reports of the time, contemporaneous photographs, and Chinese government-approved accounts". Interviews present the crackdown in Chengdu on protesters of the June 4th massacre in Tiananmen Square. Dennis Rae describes mourning wreaths and signs carried around the city, its "panicked urgency" and the injured people in the local hospital.
  
  Section::::Reception.
   Chinese scholar Wu Renhua, who was present at the protests, wrote that the government's discussion of the issue was a red herring intended to absolve itself of responsibility and showcase its benevolence. Wu said that it was irrelevant whether the shooting occurred inside or outside of the Square itself, as it was still a reprehensible massacre of unarmed civilians:
  
  Section::::Aftermath.
  
  Section::::Aftermath.:Arrests, punishment, and evacuations.
   Feng argued that the producers of the documentary had used the language of Chai Ling to manipulate the truth and give a false impression that she ran away prior to the crackdown on June 4, 1989. As the documentary excluded the speech given by Chai Ling on June 8, he claimed that the film producers intentionally omitted it to reinforce the idea that Chai Ling had left the students while knowing that they would be massacred. The detailed account of the event in the June 8 speech would have been proof of her being in the Square until the violent crackdown by the government, and the omission of these accounts during the speech helped misrepresent historical truths.
   Section::::Military resistance to martial law orders.:Prior to June 3–4.:On June 3–4.
  
  Many of the accounts of resistance to martial law orders are based on rumours and hearsay due to the nature of the events and the censorship that existed afterwards.
   On 1 December 1989 the permanent representative of People's Republic of China (PRC) to the United Nations Ambassador Li Luye replied to the Sub-Commission's adoption of resolution 1989/5 by stating that it was "a brutal interference in China's internal affairs." Li also stated that the "Spokesman of the Foreign Ministry of the People's Republic of China issued a statement on 2 September 1989, solemnly declaring the firm objection of the Chinese Government to the resolution and deeming it to be illegal and null and void."
   Section::::Mobilization.:Xu Qinxian’s defiance.
   Section::::Contemporary issues.:United Nations report.
  
raw_presuppositions: China's government is too large for it to be able to deny certain events like the Tiananmen Square Massacre.
raw_corrections: China has controlling education of the citizens of their country which means they can deny the events they control.