question: How are oranges pre-sliced by nature?
comment: They're not. They are individual pieces like petals of a flower only the fruit of the orange tree does not blossom. I feel like there should be a haiku version of this somewhere.
passages: BULLET::::- "Citrus medioglobosa", naruto orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus micrantha", small-flowered bitter orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus myrtifolia", myrtle-leafed orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus natsudaidai", Japanese summer orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus nobilis", mandarin orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus pyriformis", pear-shaped orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus reticulata", mandarin orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus suavissima", pleasant orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus succosa", sappy orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus suhuiensis", suhui orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Hortia" species
  
  BULLET::::- "Poncirus trifoliata", Chinese bitter orange
  
  Section::::Family Capparaceae.
  
  Several species of "Capparis" called wild orange, native to Australia, including:
  
  BULLET::::- "Capparis mitchellii"
  
  Section::::Family Moraceae.
  
  BULLET::::- "Maclura pomifera" called Osage orange
  
  Section::::Family Loganiaceae.
  
  BULLET::::- Several species of "Strychnos" native to Africa, known as wild orange, including:
   Sweet oranges have also given rise to a range of hybrids, notably the grapefruit, which arose from a sweet orange x pomelo backcross. A spontaneous backcross of the grapefruit and sweet orange then resulted in the orangelo. Spontaneous and engineered backcrosses between the sweet orange and mandarin oranges or tangerines has produced a group collectively known as tangors, which includes the clementine and Murcott. More complex crosses have also been produced. The so-called Ambersweet orange is actually a complex sweet orange x (Orlando tangelo x clementine) hybrid, legally designated a sweet orange in the United States so it can be used in orange juices. The citranges are a group of intergeneric sweet orange x trifoliate orange hybrids.
   Trees from groves in hammocks or areas covered with pine forest are budded on sour orange trees, a method that gives a high solids content. On sand, they are grafted on rough lemon rootstock. The Hamlin orange is one of the most popular juice oranges in Florida and replaces the Parson Brown variety as the principal early-season juice orange. This cultivar is now the leading early orange in Florida and, possibly, in the rest of the world.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Common oranges.:Other varieties of common oranges.
  
  BULLET::::- Bali: grown in Bali, Indonesia. Larger than other orange
  
  BULLET::::- Belladonna: grown in Italy
   Commercially grown orange trees are propagated asexually by grafting a mature cultivar onto a suitable seedling rootstock to ensure the same yield, identical fruit characteristics, and resistance to diseases throughout the years. Propagation involves two stages: first, a rootstock is grown from seed. Then, when it is approximately one year old, the leafy top is cut off and a bud taken from a specific scion variety, is grafted into its bark. The scion is what determines the variety of orange, while the rootstock makes the tree resistant to pests and diseases and adaptable to specific soil and climatic conditions. Thus, rootstocks influence the rate of growth and have an effect on fruit yield and quality.
   Thomas Rivers, an English nurseryman, imported this variety from the Azores Islands and catalogued it in 1865 under the name Excelsior. Around 1870, he provided trees to S. B. Parsons, a Long Island nurseryman, who in turn sold them to E. H. Hart of Federal Point, Florida.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Common oranges.:Hamlin.
   Florida farmers obtained seeds from New Orleans around 1872, after which orange groves were established by grafting the sweet orange on to sour orange rootstocks.
  
  Section::::Varieties.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Common oranges.
  
  Common oranges (also called "white", "round", or "blond" oranges) constitute about two-thirds of all the orange production. The majority of this crop is used mostly for juice extraction.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Common oranges.:Valencia.
   In 2012, the genome of the orange was found, with 29,445 protein-coding genes. It also found that the sweet orange originated from a backcross hybrid between pummelo and mandarin orange.
  
  Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- California Citrus State Historic Park
  
  BULLET::::- Eliza Tibbets
  
  BULLET::::- Laraha
  
  BULLET::::- Mother Orange Tree
  
  BULLET::::- Midknight Valencia Orange
  
  Section::::External links.
  
  BULLET::::- HOME FRUIT PRODUCTION-ORANGES at Texas Cooperative Extension Texas A&M Horticulture program
  
  BULLET::::- Sweet Oranges (including Valencia Oranges: Campbell Valencia orange, Cutter Valencia orange, Delta Valencia orange, Midknight Valencia orange, Olinda Valencia orange at University of California Riverside Citrus Variety Collection
   Other citrus groups also known as oranges are:
  
  BULLET::::- Mandarin orange ("Citrus reticulata") is an original species of citrus, and is a progenitor of the common orange.
  
  BULLET::::- Bitter orange ("Citrus aurantium"), also known as Seville orange, sour orange (especially when used as rootstock for a sweet orange tree), bigarade orange and marmalade orange. Like the sweet orange, it is a pomelo x mandarin hybrid, but arose from a distinct hybridization event.
   List of plants known as orange
  
  Orange identifies various species of trees, some with edible fruit and some not. "Citrus sinensis" includes many of the cultivated oranges used for their fruit, the common supermarket orange. Other species called oranges include:
  
  Section::::Family Rutaceae.
  
  BULLET::::- "Aegle marmelos", Japanese bitter orange
  
  BULLET::::- Some of the "Citrus" species, including:
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus" × "sinensis", sweet oranges, Valencia oranges, Navel oranges, and blood oranges
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus ampullacea", flask-shaped orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus aurantium", bitter orange, Seville orange, Indian lemon
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus bergamia", bergamot orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus bigaradia", bigarade orange
  
  BULLET::::- "Citrus clementina", mandarin orange
   BULLET::::- Kona: a type of Valencia orange introduced in Hawaii in 1792 by Captain George Vancouver; for many decades in the nineteenth century, these oranges were the leading export from the Kona district on the Big Island of Hawaii; in Kailua-Kona, some of the original stock still bears fruit
   Orange trees generally are grafted. The bottom of the tree, including the roots and trunk, is called rootstock, while the fruit-bearing top has two different names: budwood (when referring to the process of grafting) and scion (when mentioning the variety of orange).
  
  Section::::Etymology.
  
  The word "orange" derives from the Sanskrit word for "orange tree" ("नारङ्ग nāraṅga"), which in turn derives from a Dravidian root word (from "நரந்தம் narandam" which refers to Bitter orange in Tamil). The Sanskrit word reached European languages through Persian نارنگ ("nārang") and its Arabic derivative نارنج ("nāranj").
   Section::::Cultivation.:Propagation.
  
  It is possible to grow orange trees directly from seeds, but they may be infertile or produce fruit that may be different from its parent. For the seed of a commercial orange to grow, it must be kept moist at all times. One approach is placing the seeds between two sheets of damp paper towel until they germinate and then planting them, although many cultivators just set the seeds straight into the soil.
   Citrus has been a major commercial product in Florida since the 19th century. Florida produces over 70% of the U.S. citrus supply. The color of oranges is not related to ripening, but is a serious component for sales. The orange color only develops in areas with cool nighttime temperatures. In tropical climates, growers often expose the fruit to ethylene, to promote the loss of chlorophyll and expose the beta-carotenes (the orange color).
  
  Section::::Economically important food plants.:North American apples.
   South African cara caras are ready for market in early August, while Venezuelan fruits arrive in October and Californian fruits in late November.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Navel oranges.:Other varieties of navels.
  
  BULLET::::- Bahianinha or Bahia
  
  BULLET::::- Dream Navel
  
  BULLET::::- Late Navel
  
  BULLET::::- Washington or California Navel
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Blood oranges.
   According to a 1917 study by Palemon Dorsett, Archibald Dixon Shamel and Wilson Popenoe of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), a single mutation in a Selecta orange tree planted on the grounds of a monastery near Bahia, Brazil, probably yielded the first navel orange between 1810 and 1820. Nevertheless, a researcher at the University of California, Riverside, has suggested that the parent variety was more likely the Portuguese navel orange ("Umbigo"), described by Antoine Risso and Pierre Antoine Poiteau in their book "Histoire naturelle des orangers" ("Natural History of Orange Trees", 1818–1822). The mutation caused the orange to develop a second fruit at its base, opposite the stem, embedded within the peel of the primary orange. Navel oranges were introduced in Australia in 1824 and in Florida in 1835. In 1870, twelve cuttings of the original tree were transplanted to Riverside, California, where the fruit became known as "Washington". This cultivar was very successful, and rapidly spread to other countries. Because the mutation left the fruit seedless and, therefore, sterile, the only method to cultivate navel oranges was to graft cuttings onto other varieties of citrus trees. The California Citrus State Historic Park and the Orcutt Ranch Horticulture Center preserve the history of navel oranges in Riverside.
   Rootstocks must be compatible with the variety inserted into them because otherwise, the tree may decline, be less productive, or die.
  
  Among the several advantages to grafting are that trees mature uniformly and begin to bear fruit earlier than those reproduced by seeds (3 to 4 years in contrast with 6 to 7 years), and that it makes it possible to combine the best attributes of a scion with those of a rootstock.
  
  Section::::Cultivation.:Harvest.
   BULLET::::- Midsweet: grown in Florida, it is a newer scion similar to the Hamlin and Pineapple varieties, it is hardier than Pineapple and ripens later; the fruit production and quality are similar to those of the Hamlin, but the juice has a deeper color
  
  BULLET::::- Moro Tarocco: grown in Italy, it is oval, resembles a tangelo, and has a distinctive caramel-colored endocarp; this color is the result of a pigment called anthocarpium, not usually found in citruses, but common in red fruits and flowers; the original mutation occurred in Sicily in the seventeenth century
   Different names have been given to the many varieties of the species. "Orange" applies primarily to the sweet orange – "Citrus sinensis" (L.) Osbeck. The orange tree is an evergreen, flowering tree, with an average height of , although some very old specimens can reach . Its oval leaves, alternately arranged, are long and have crenulate margins. Sweet oranges grow in a range of different sizes, and shapes varying from spherical to oblong. Inside and attached to the rind is a porous white tissue, the white, bitter mesocarp or albedo ("pith"). The orange contains a number of distinct "carpels" (segments) inside, typically about ten, each delimited by a membrane, and containing many juice-filled vesicles and usually a few seeds ("pips"). When unripe, the fruit is green. The grainy irregular rind of the ripe fruit can range from bright orange to yellow-orange, but frequently retains green patches or, under warm climate conditions, remains entirely green. Like all other citrus fruits, the sweet orange is non-climacteric. The "Citrus sinensis" group is subdivided into four classes with distinct characteristics: common oranges, blood or pigmented oranges, navel oranges, and acidless oranges.
   BULLET::::- Fukuhara: grown in Japan
  
  BULLET::::- Gardner: grown in Florida, this mid-season orange ripens around the beginning of February, approximately the same time as the Midsweet variety; Gardner is about as hardy as Sunstar and Midsweet
  
  BULLET::::- Homosassa: grown in Florida
  
  BULLET::::- Jaffa orange: grown in the Middle East, also known as "Shamouti"
  
  BULLET::::- Jincheng: the most popular orange in China
  
  BULLET::::- Joppa: grown in South Africa and Texas
  
  BULLET::::- Khettmali: grown in Israel and Lebanon
   Today, navel oranges continue to be propagated through cutting and grafting. This does not allow for the usual selective breeding methodologies, and so all navel oranges can be considered fruits from that single, nearly two-hundred-year-old tree: they have exactly the same genetic make-up as the original tree and are, therefore, clones. This case is similar to that of the common yellow seedless banana, the Cavendish, or that of the Granny Smith apple. On rare occasions, however, further mutations can lead to new varieties.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Navel oranges.:Cara cara navels.
   Like most citrus plants, oranges do well under moderate temperatures—between —and require considerable amounts of sunshine and water. It has been suggested the use of water resources by the citrus industry in the Middle East is a contributing factor to the desiccation of the region. Another significant element in the full development of the fruit is the temperature variation between summer and winter and, between day and night. In cooler climates, oranges can be grown indoors.
   BULLET::::- Xã Đoài orange: grown in Vietnam
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Navel oranges.
   BULLET::::- Clementine ("Citrus" × "clementina"), a spontaneous hybrid between a Willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange. sometimes known as a "Thanksgiving Orange" or "Christmas orange", as its peak season is winter; an important commercial mandarin orange form, having displaced mikans in many markets
  
  BULLET::::- Clemenules or Nules, a variety of Clementine named for the Valencian town where it was first bred in 1953; it is the most popular variety of Clementine grown in Spain.
  
  BULLET::::- Fairchild is a hybrid of Clementine and Orlando, a tangelo
  
  BULLET::::- Murcott, a mandarin–sweet orange hybrid, one parent being the King.
   In the United States, groves are located mainly in Florida, California, and Texas. The majority of California's crop is sold as fresh fruit, whereas Florida's oranges are destined to juice products. The Indian River area of Florida is known for the high quality of its juice, which often is sold fresh in the United States and frequently blended with juice produced in other regions because Indian River trees yield very sweet oranges, but in relatively small quantities.
   BULLET::::- Tango is a proprietary seedless mid-late season irradiated selection of Murcott developed by the University of California Citrus Breeding Program.
  
  BULLET::::- Grapefruit ("Citrus" x "paradisi"), the result of backcrossing the sweet orange with pomelo
  
  BULLET::::- Meyer lemon ("Citrus" x "meyer"), a cross between a mandarin × pomelo hybrid and a citron.
  
  BULLET::::- Palestinian sweet lime ("Citrus" x "limettioides"), a distinct (mandarin × pomelo) × citron hybrid
  
  BULLET::::- Rangpur lime ("Citrus" x "limonia"), a pure mandarin-citron cross
  
  BULLET::::- Rough lemon ("Citrus" x "jambhiri"), a pure mandarin-citron cross, distinct from rangpur
  
  BULLET::::- Jabara ("Citrus jabara"), a Kunenbo mandarin-yuzu cross.
  
  Section::::Varieties.:Non-mandarins.
  
presuppositions: Oranges are pre-sliced Oranges are pre-sliced by nature.
corrections: Orange slices are individual pieces. Orange pieces are individual like petals of a flower, except the fruit does not blossom.
raw_presuppositions: Oranges are pre-sliced Oranges are pre-sliced by nature.
raw_corrections: Orange slices are individual pieces. Orange pieces are individual like petals of a flower, except the fruit does not blossom.