question: How do animated shows like South Park and Futurama sync up audio and the animations? What’s the process here?
comment: There are animation tools that do this automatically. You provide the tool with a library of mouth positions that correspond to different sounds in a language. Then run the voice actor's audio through the program, and the program detects what sound is playing at each moment, and selects the correct mouth position accordingly.
passages: When voicing child characters, the voice actors speak within their normal vocal range while adding a childlike inflection. The recorded audio is then edited with Pro Tools, and the pitch is altered to make the voice sound more like that of a fourth grader.
   SMPTE standard ST2064, published in 2015, provides technology to reduce or eliminate lip-sync errors in digital television. The standard utilizes audio and video fingerprints taken from a television program. The fingerprints can be recovered and used to correct the accumulated lip-sync error. When fingerprints have been generated for a TV program, and the required technology is incorporated, the viewer's display device has the ability to continuously measure and correct lip-sync errors.
  
  Section::::Timestamps.
   Groove High is a co-production between French animation companies Planet Nemo and Nexus Factory and Irish production company Telegael.
  
  Voice recording work for the animated sections began in April 2010, with live action filming completed at Telegael Productions in Ireland, October 2011.
  
  Animation was completed by two companies, Jetoon in China, and PASI in the Philippines.
  
  All music in the show including the generique were originally written arranged and recorded by Belgian composers Eric Renwart and Marja Supponen, then sung by lead actors Jonathan Bailey and Samantha Barks.
   In October 2010, Aspektz collaborated with HBO and Miller High Life to release a conceptual album entitled "7th Inning Stretch" with vocal samples from Kenny Powers of Eastbound & Down fame. The record used the musical samples from the first season to chronicle the storyline from Kenny Powers perspective.
   Entertainment journalist Jim Hill has noted that some have related the voice ensemble to Marvel's "Avengers" since it features actors who have voiced in popular cartoon shows. He also noted how many of the crew have worked on "Animaniacs", including Tom Ruegger, Sherri Stoner, Paul Rugg, Deanna Oliver, and Randy Rogel. Among the voice actors, LaMarche had voiced Brain, and Jess Harnell had voiced Wakko. Voice director Kelly Ward said "God forbid if anything were to happen when they were all in one place because the voice-over industry would be dealt a crippling blow." The cast usually recorded in ensembles of two to four characters when possible, with Ruegger editing the timing afterwards for characters that recorded separately.
   Main Frame Software Communications
  
  Main Frame Software Communications (also known as Main Frame India) is an Indian dubbing studio group in India, with their main studio located in Sitadevi, Temple Road of Mumbai. Both live and animated television series and films have been dubbed not only in the Indian national language which is Hindi and in its regional languages such as Tamil, Telugu, Marathi, Gujarati, Punjabi and certain other languages, but also in English as well.
   In March 2014, Hatsune Miku and Crypton Future Media teamed up with the Japanese band Bump of Chicken to record a music video featuring a real band singing alongside Hatsune Miku in real time. This video was uploaded on March 12, 2014, and contains the song "Ray". The video is not after-edited in any way. This was made possible by Crypton's newest technology to focus characters on a screen directly to the recording camera by using a big curved screen, motion data, Wifi-sensors, movement-sensors and some older technology from Crypton.
   In 2002, the first instance of an anime having the storyboards as an alternate viewing option was released on the Collectors Edition of "Grave of the Fireflies", more than 2,700 hand drawings synced to the audio tracks. They also focused on increasing TV airings of shows to capitalize on the International Channel, the Encore Channel and the streaming service Cartoon Network short-lived Toonami Reactor website.
   BULLET::::- Audio-Animatronics and Autonomatronics is a form of robotics animation, combined with 3-D animation, created by Walt Disney Imagineering for shows and attractions at Disney theme parks move and make noise (generally a recorded speech or song). They are fixed to whatever supports them. They can sit and stand, and they cannot walk. An Audio-Animatron is different from an android-type robot in that it uses prerecorded movements and sounds, rather than responding to external stimuli. In 2009, Disney created an interactive version of the technology called Autonomatronics.
   Adam Berry, the show's original score composer, used sound synthesis to simulate a small orchestra, and frequently alluded to existing famous pieces of music. Berry also used signature acoustic guitar and mandolin cues as leitmotifs for the show's establishing shots. After Berry left in 2001, Jamie Dunlap and Scott Nickoley of the Los Angeles-based Mad City Production Studios provided the show's original music for the next seven seasons. Since 2008, Dunlap has been credited as the show's sole score composer. Dunlap's contributions to the show are one of the few that are not achieved at the show's own production offices. Dunlap reads a script, creates a score using digital audio software, and then e-mails the audio file to South Park Studios, where it is edited to fit with the completed episode.
   Founded in 2000, by Eliza Lewis during her tenure at UTV, she had the opportunity to work on building onto the entire dubbing studio division of UTV and begun to dub project works for Discovery, Walt Disney, Nickelodeon, Warner Bros. and 20th Century Fox associated with this studio are highly experienced personnel in their area of expertise. They have also been involved in original animation casting and voice directions of several productions created in India.
   When voicing child characters, the voice actors speak within their normal vocal range while adding a childlike inflection. The recorded audio is then edited with Pro Tools, and the pitch is altered to make the voice sound more like that of a fourth grader.
   The production of a fansub typically begins with obtaining the unsubtitled source video called a "raw" that typically comes from DVDs, VHS tapes, television broadcasts, peer-to-peer networks, and directly from Japanese-based contacts. Then a translator watches the video and produces a time-stamped text file of the screenplay with any relevant notes. The same series or episode may be subtitled by multiple groups with independent translations of varying quality. Fansub groups sometimes translate other already translated fansubs that are more susceptible to more errors. Translated text is assigned with start and end times in a process known as timing to ensure subtitles appear when dialogue is spoken and disappear with the silence. An editor and a translation checker reads over the script to ensure that English is natural and coherent while still retaining the original meaning. A typesetter then appearance for the dialogue, signs, translator notes, etc. Then groups perform quality control to catch any final errors.
   The pilot episode was produced using cutout animation, leading to all subsequent episodes being produced with computer animation that emulated the cutout technique. Parker and Stone perform most of the voice acting for the show's male characters. Since 2000, each episode has typically been written and produced in the week preceding its broadcast, with Parker serving as the primary writer and director. There have been a total of episodes over the course of the show's 22 seasons. The show's twenty-second season premiered on September 26, 2018.
  
  Section::::Film.
   Section::::Production.
  
  According to Steele, his vision for the series evolved after fans successfully predicted the fifth episode.
  
  Steele recorded the audio for the series using Amadeus Pro and edited it all together in Final Cut Pro. Adobe Flash was used to draw individual characters, while Adobe Photoshop was used to draw the backgrounds for the series. The program Magpie Pro 2 was used for lip syncing, and the series itself was animated in Adobe After Effects.
  
  Section::::Reception.
   Before true animation begins, a preliminary soundtrack or scratch track is recorded, so that the animation may be more precisely synchronized to the soundtrack. Given the slow, methodical manner in which traditional animation is produced, it is almost always easier to synchronize animation to a pre-existing soundtrack than it is to synchronize a soundtrack to pre-existing animation. A completed cartoon soundtrack will feature music, sound effects, and dialogue performed by voice actors. However, the scratch track used during animation typically contains only the voices, any vocal songs to which characters must sing along, and temporary musical score tracks; the final score and sound effects are added during post-production.
   In the case of Japanese anime, as well as most pre-1930 sound animated cartoons, the sound was "post-synched"; that is, the soundtrack was recorded after the film elements were finished by watching the film and performing the dialogue, music, and sound effects required. Some studios, most notably Fleischer Studios, continued to post-synch their cartoons through most of the 1930s, which allowed for the presence of the "muttered ad-libs" present in many "Popeye the Sailor" and "Betty Boop" cartoons.
  
  Section::::Process.:Animatic.
   Section::::Characters.
  
  The show's voice director is Maria Estrada.
  
  Section::::Characters.:Main.
   These processes are used, for instance, to match the pitches and tempos of two pre-recorded clips for mixing when the clips cannot be reperformed or resampled. Time stretching is used to conform material to a designated time slot, a 30-second commercial or 1-hour broadcast, for example.
  
  Section::::Resampling.
   Remote Control Productions has been responsible for the scores for a number of successful live-action films including the "Pirates of the Caribbean" movies, "Iron Man", "Gladiator", "", "The Last Samurai", "Transformers", "Hancock", "Kingdom of Heaven", "The Da Vinci Code", "Inception", "Sherlock Holmes" and its sequel, and "The Dark Knight Trilogy", along with successful animated films such as the "Shrek" series, "Kung Fu Panda", "Madagascar", "The Lion King", and more.
   After the crew finishes constructing an episode, the production team sends it to animators in Korea. The animation is produced by Sunmin Image Pictures and Rough Draft Korea. The production team and animators communicate by email and sometimes use video chat when animating a major episode. Before sending the episode to one of the studios, animation director Nick DeMayo and his team create a plan for the animators after reviewing the animatics. They then add character movements on exposure sheets to guide the animators. Mouth assignments for the characters, describing mouth shapes and timing for lip-syncing, follow. The episode is then sent to one of the animation studios. The black-and-white version is sent first, followed about two weeks later by the colored version The animation is drawn and inked on paper, then scanned and colored digitally. The crew then arranges a "work print" meeting to discuss the episode and review it for errors. DeMayo notes any errors, removes them and sends the episode back to the animation studio or to Cartoon Network's post-production department to fix any remaining issues. Minor animation mistakes or omissions are fixed by the crew.
   In some instances, most notably The Chipmunks, manipulation of voices may be employed, either to achieve a desired vocal effect, or to make it dissimilar to the voice of the actual singer. The manipulation is done by either modifying the playback speed of the vocal track or by putting it through a synthesizer (Vocoding).
  
  Writing and production credits may be assigned to either the virtual band characters, or the human writers and artists involved.
  
  Section::::Production.:On stage.
   Timing is important for the animators drawing these frames; each frame must match exactly what is going on in the soundtrack at the moment the frame will appear, or else the discrepancy between sound and visual will be distracting to the audience. For example, in high-budget productions, extensive effort is given in making sure a speaking character's mouth matches in shape the sound that character's actor is producing as he or she speaks.
   In 2017, ZOO launched the entertainment industry's first cloud dubbing service, powered by its proprietary ZOOdubs software platform and won a NewBay Media Best of Show Award at the NAB Show 2017 and an award at IBC Show 2017 at the IABM Design & Innovation Awards in the Post Production category.
  
  In 2018, ZOO Digital's ZOOdubs cloud dubbing service won an IABM award in the ‘Publish’ category and ZOO won the Best Performing Share Award at the AIM Awards 2018 and Company of the Year at the Small Cap UK Awards.
  
  Section::::Software.
  
  BULLET::::- DVD Extra
  
  BULLET::::- DVD Extra Studio
   In the mid 1980s Pioneer introduced a range of Laserdisc based Karaoke machines, with subtitled Music video playback combined with a Karaoke PA system, the concept was subsequently adapted for the 1986 multi-format Disney Sing-Along Songs series, and later transferred to the PlayStation 2, and subsequent games consoles, and has in parallel been adapted to classroom use of synchronized captioning of musical lyrics (or any text with an Audio and/or Video source) as a Repeated Reading activity.
  
  The 1996 DVD-Video standard was published with support for up to 32 separate synchronised subtitling streams to be packaged with a video file.
  
raw_presuppositions: Mouth animations are synced to audio by a process. Mouth animations are manually synced by animators.
raw_corrections: Mouth animations are synced to audio automatically by a program. Mouth animations are synced automatically by a tool.