question: How do people find dinosaurs?
comment: As a side note: paleontologists, not archaeologists. Paleontologists study extinct animals, archaeologists study prehistoric humans (and sometimes historic humans).
passages: In the 18th and 19th centuries, the clays of the Muirkirk Deposit in Prince George's County, Maryland were mined for siderite, or iron ore. Iron furnaces located throughout the region melted down siderite to produce iron and steel used in construction and manufacturing. In 1858, African-American miners working in open pit mines were the first to discover dinosaur fossils in Maryland.
   BULLET::::- 1825. Gideon Mantell (English) wrote "Notice on the "Iguanodon", a newly discovered fossil reptile, from the sandstone of Tilgate Forest, in Sussex" (Phil. Trans. Roy, Soc. Lond., 115: 179–186), the first paper on dinosaurs. The name dinosaur was coined by anatomist Richard Owen.
   BULLET::::- 1811 — Mary Anning and her brother Joseph discover the fossilised remains of an "ichthyosaur" at Lyme Regis.
  
  BULLET::::- 1815 — William Smith published The Map that Changed the World, the first geologic map of England, Wales, and southern Scotland, using fossils to correlate rock strata.
  
  BULLET::::- 1821 — William Buckland analyzes Kirkdale Cave in Yorkshire, containing the bones of lions, elephants and rhinoceros, and concludes it was a prehistoric hyena den.
  
  BULLET::::- 1821-1822 — Mary Anning discovers the world's first "Plesiosaur" skeleton at Lyme Regis.
  
  BULLET::::- 1822 — Mary Ann Mantell and Gideon Mantell discover fossil teeth of the dinosaur "Iguanodon".
   Over geological time since, the rock was pushed so deep that heat and pressure hardened it much, before it came again to the surface. As a result, a common way to look for fossils in it was to break each lump with a sledgehammer, and after each blow to examine all new broken surfaces for cross-sections of bone. Any pieces that showed bone were sent to the laboratory to extract the bone by careful preparation.
   BULLET::::- In the 1989 movie "The Wizard", the family passes by the Cabazon Dinosaurs on their way home, and the main character; Jimmy becomes so excited and restless that they pull over. He runs from the car up into one of the dinosaurs and places his deceased sister's mementos inside since it was the last place the whole family was happy.
  
  BULLET::::- The dinosaurs are briefly featured in the 1994 US version of Oasis' video for the song "Supersonic".
   Section::::History of discoveries.
  
  Section::::History of discoveries.:Early finds.
   In late 1887 Othniel Charles Marsh sent John Bell Hatcher to look for dinosaur remains in the Arundel Clay. While on this expedition, Hatcher found a fossiliferous iron mine on a farm near Muikirk, Maryland. Hatcher's excavation continued uncovering dinosaur fossils into the next year. Hatcher recovered hundreds of bones and teeth, which helped the region between Maryland and Washington D.C. become known as Dinosaur Alley.
  
  Section::::20th century.
   BULLET::::- 1669 — Nicholas Steno writes that some kinds of rock formed from layers of sediment deposited in water, and that fossils were organic remains buried in the process.
  
  BULLET::::- 1770 — The fossilised bones of a huge animal are found in a quarry near Maastricht in the Netherlands. In 1808 Georges Cuvier identified it as an extinct marine reptile and in 1822 William Conybeare named it Mosasaurus.
  
  BULLET::::- 1789 — The skeleton of a large animal is unearthed in Argentina. In 1796 Cuvier reports that it had an affinity to modern tree sloths and names it Megatherium.
   BULLET::::- 2007, a Carboniferous period (~ 300 million years ago) forest, in a coalmine, Illinois USA – William Dimichele, Howard Falcon-Lang, W. John Nelson, Scott D. Elrick, Phillip R. Ames
  
  Section::::Paleontology.
  
  Section::::Paleontology.:20th.
  
  BULLET::::- 1902, Tyrannosaurus rex at Hell Creek Montana — Barnum Brown
   BULLET::::- The fossil dig site has giant dinosaur skeletons and real prehistoric fossils lurking beneath the surface just waiting to be found. Kids can talk to the paleontologists and see what it's like to work on a real scientific expedition.
   Section::::Discovery and naming.:Buckland's research.
  
  During the last part of the eighteenth century, the number of fossils in British collections quickly increased. According to an hypothesis published by science historian Robert William Theodor Gunther in 1925, among them was a partial lower jaw of "Megalosaurus", acquired in October 1797 by Christopher Pegge for 10s.6d. and added to the collection of the Anatomy School of Christ Church college.
   BULLET::::- Paul Johnston discovered plesiosaur fossils in a roadside exposure of the Greenhorn Formation in Kansas. During the excavation the dig site was scouted by two suspicious men. After a break from digging the Johnston team returned to find all of the fossils crudely extracted from the rock except for a flipper that the team had reburied. Based on the flipper, the stolen plesiosaur could be identified as "Trinacromerum bentonianum".
  
  1975
  
  BULLET::::- Jane Ann Robinson published a paper on plesiosaur locomotion concluding that they really did swim by "underwater flight" like sea turtles or penguins.
  
  1976
   Section::::History of discoveries.:Later 19th-century finds.
   Hettie and Emily enlist other nannies to help them search. They hide in the mouth of the blue whale display until after closing time and then begin looking over the skeleton of a "Brontosaurus". They are unsuccessful and most of them have to return home to care for their children, but Hettie, Emily and their friend Susan remain to continue with the search. They are captured and taken to the spies' London headquarters, underneath a Chinese restaurant in Soho. The nannies are locked up in the 'dungeon', with Lord Southmere, but are able to outwit their captors and escape.
   Dakota was first discovered by paleontology student Tyler Lyson on his family's North Dakota property in 1999 while he was a high school student, but he did not investigate the site in detail until 2004, when he discovered the soft tissue preservation. Lyson teamed with British paleontologist Phillip Manning, and the site was excavated in summer 2006.
   Section::::Episodes.
  
  Section::::Episodes.:Episode one: "Central England".
  
  BULLET::::- Dr. Philip Wilby of the British Geological Survey in Nottingham examines soft-tissue, preserved by the "Medusa effect", from a recently re-excavated Victorian fossil discovery.
  
  BULLET::::- Dr. Phil Manning compares a T-Rex with William Buckland’s Megalosaurus (the first scientifically identified dinosaur and the inspiration for Charles Dickens’ opening paragraph in "Bleak House").
  
  BULLET::::- Dr. Derek Siveter of Oxford University Museum and Dr. Mark Sutton of Imperial College London demonstrate virtual dissection that produces computer-models of microfossils.
   "Dinosaurs" is initially set in 60,000,003 BC in Pangaea. The show centers on the Sinclair family: Earl Sinclair (the father), Fran Sinclair (Phillips - the mother ), their three children (son Robbie, daughter Charlene, and infant, Baby Sinclair) and Fran's mother, Ethyl.
  
  Earl's job is to push over trees for the Wesayso Corporation with his friend and coworker Roy Hess, where they work under the supervision of their boss Bradley P. Richfield.
  
  Section::::Characters.
   BULLET::::- Dr. Philip Manning examines the recently discovered spine of an Ichthyosaur embedded in the sand of a Yorkshire beach but laments the loss of the skull that had been badly dug up.
  
  BULLET::::- Botanist James Wong and jet carver Mike Marshall explain the origins of Whitby Jet, which was the basis of a Victorian jewellery industry in the area and the origin of the phrase "Jet Black".
   BULLET::::- 1856 — Fossils are found in the Neander Valley in Germany that Johann Carl Fuhlrott and Hermann Schaaffhausen recognize as a human different from modern people. A few years later William King names Homo neanderthalensis.
  
  BULLET::::- 1858 — The first dinosaur skeleton found in the United States, "Hadrosaurus", is excavated and described by Joseph Leidy.
  
  BULLET::::- 1859 — Charles Darwin publishes On The Origin of Species.
  
  BULLET::::- 1861 — The first "Archaeopteryx", skeleton is found in Bavaria, Germany, and recognized as a transitional form between reptiles and birds.
  
  BULLET::::- 1869 — Joseph Lockyer starts the scientific journal "Nature"
   BULLET::::- Cockburn examines the rare and delicate fossils preserved in silica that were discovered and rescued during the construction of the Ford engine plant at Bridgend in Wales.
  
  BULLET::::- Prof. Michael Bassett of the National Museum of Wales explains some of the myth and folklore of fossils that were eventually dismissed with the development of the science of stratigraphy.
  
  Section::::Episodes.:Episode four: "North of England".
  
  BULLET::::- Cockburn abseils down the stratified rock layers of a cliff face on the Yorkshire coast to discover the fossilised footprints of Sauropod that walked across the sand or here during the Jurassic era.
   The first ichnite found was in 1800 in Massachusetts, USA, by a farmer named Pliny Moody, who found 1-foot (31 cm) long fossilized footprints. They were thought by Harvard and Yale scholars to be from "Noah's Raven." 
  
  A famous group of ichnites was found in a limestone quarry at Ardley, 20 km Northeast of Oxford, England, in 1997. They were thought to have been made by "Megalosaurus" and possibly "Cetiosaurus". There are replicas of some of these footprints, set across the lawn of Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH).
   During the eighteenth century, the number of English plesiosaur discoveries rapidly increased, although these were all of a more or less fragmentary nature. Important collectors were the reverends William Mounsey and Baptist Noel Turner, active in the Vale of Belvoir, whose collections were in 1795 described by John Nicholls in the first part of his "The History and Antiquities of the County of Leicestershire". One of Turner's partial plesiosaur skeletons is still preserved as specimen BMNH R.45 in the British Museum of Natural History; this is today referred to "Thalassiodracon".
  
  Section::::History of discovery.:Naming of "Plesiosaurus".
   Back in London, Lord Southmere manages to escape from a chauffeur who is trying to kidnap him and then runs into the Natural History Museum. Chinese spies, led by Hnup Wan, follow him, so he hides the microfilm in the bones of one of the large dinosaur skeletons. He is relieved to meet his former nanny, Hettie, in the museum, and asks her to retrieve the microfilm. Southmere then faints and is captured by the Chinese, who tell Hettie and Emily (another nanny) that they are taking him to a doctor.
   The history of paleontology in the United States refers to the developments and discoveries regarding fossils found within or by people from the United States of America. Local paleontology began informally with Native Americans, who have been familiar with fossils for thousands of years. They both told myths about them and applied them to practical purposes. African slaves also contributed their knowledge; the first reasonably accurate recorded identification of vertebrate fossils in the new world was made by slaves on a South Carolina plantation who recognized the elephant affinities of mammoth molars uncovered there in 1725. The first major fossil discovery to attract the attention of formally trained scientists were the Ice Age fossils of Kentucky's Big Bone Lick. These fossils were studied by eminent intellectuals like France's George Cuvier and local statesmen and frontiersman like Daniel Boone, Benjamin Franklin, William Henry Harrison, Thomas Jefferson, and George Washington. By the end of the 18th century possible dinosaur fossils had already been found.
   Four English orphans – Cherry, Nigel, Brick and Nippy – migrate to Tasmania, to the care of their Aunt Jandie on her farm outside Hobart. Their arrival is greeted with enthusiasm by young farm boy Tas, and weeks of exploration and good times follow before Aunt Jandie enters hospital, leaving the children in the care of Ma and Pa Pinner, her foreman and housekeeper.
  