question: Why doesn’t plain old water moisturize your skin?
comment: Because your skin needs oil to be moist, not water. Your skin and hair naturally make oils, but sometimes it isn't enough, especially if you live in a dry place. (:
passages: Section::::History.
  
  Until the 1920s, water absorbing materials were cellulosic or fiber-based products. Choices were tissue paper, cotton, sponge, and fluff pulp. The water absorbent capacity of these types of materials is only up to 11 times their weight and most of it is lost under moderate pressure.
   BULLET::::- Water-based transfer-resistant follows the same formulation as oil-free but uses a film former or polymer instead of (or in addition to) the clay to achieve a matte finish that resists being rubbed off. Transfer-resistant make-up was launched in 1993 by Revlon-owned Ultima II with "Lipsexxxy", the first lip-colour that included film former to prevent rubbing off. By 1996, "WonderWear" foundation and Revlon "Colorstay" had been launched, using the same technology as the lipsticks. Transfer-resistant (sometimes called "transfer-proof") makeup will last on very oily skin, skin that perspires heavily, or in humid climates longer than any other type of foundation, though it is even more difficult to apply than oil-free makeup. The thick texture dries almost instantly and requires a fair amount of experimentation to master. The most modern versions (such as "Revlon Colorstay SoftFlex") have made marked improvements over predecessors in that regard.
   BULLET::::7. Water resistance: The skin acts as a water resistant barrier so essential nutrients aren't washed out of the body. The nutrients and oils that help hydrate the skin are covered by the most outer skin layer, the epidermis. This is helped in part by the sebaceous glands that release sebum, an oily liquid. Water itself will not cause the elimination of oils on the skin, because the oils residing in our dermis flow and would be affected by water without the epidermis.
   Section::::Dermatological manifestations.:Contact dermatitis.
  
  Contact dermatitis occurs when the skin comes into contact with chemicals that cause a reaction, often redness, swelling or itchiness. Flood water often contains chemicals from industries or households that can cause such a reaction, these include pesticides, bleach and detergents.
  
  Section::::Dermatological manifestations.:Traumatic injuries.
   BULLET::::- Water-based oil-free eliminates oil altogether, but substitutes an emollient ester or fatty alcohol in the base, and adds a mattifying agent — usually clay — to dry to a flat, non-reflective (“matte”) finish. Oil-free liquids are quite thick and heavy, and the earliest versions took time to pour out of the bottle. They provide solid medium coverage but dry quickly, and can thus set before blended is complete. The result is streaking, which is then difficult to smooth out without starting over from scratch. The usual recommendation is to divide the face into quarter sections and to apply and blend the makeup over one section (rather than the entire face) at a time. Blending over moisturised skin with a wet sponge can also help compensate for the lack of slip. However, they will last a long time and resist smudging, even on very oily skin. Examples: Estee Lauder Fresh Air.
   Although the practice of mixing water-mixable oils with acrylics is possible (as some brands claim), it is not recommended if the painting's longevity is a concern. The reason is that once the acrylic dries, its impermeability isolates the oil from oxygen, preventing it from oxidizing properly.
  
  Section::::Brands.
   Stratum corneum lipids are elaborately organized into lamellar structure, which plays the most important role for skin's barrier functions. Unlike the conventional moisturizers made with humectants or emollients, MLE can restore and improve the barrier function of skin, with its distinctive structural similarity to the native human skin's lamellar structure. Restoring the skin barrier function can improve skin hydration and protect skin from external irritants.
   Soliman's Water
  
  Soliman's Water was a brand of 16th century cosmetic lotion that was marketed as being able to remove blemishes on the skin, such as warts, spots and freckles. However, the main ingredient of this lotion was mercury, so it caused side-effects such as severe damage to the skin and loose teeth.
   Unlike Vaseline (100% petrolatum), which is occlusive, Aquaphor (41% petrolatum) claims to form a semi-occlusive barrier on the skin. If correct, this in theory should enable the transmission of water and oxygen, which is important for wound healing and the formation of a protective moist healing environment. However, no studies have been conducted using this brand to test these healing claims.
  
  Section::::Properties and ingredients.:Key Ingredients.
  
  Petrolatum
  
  An active ingredient and OTC skin protectant, petrolatum forms an occlusive barrier on the skin and helps retain moisture.
  
  Mineral oil
   The strong attraction between these surfaces causes an extremely thin water film (a few molecules thick) to form on the mineral surface. These water molecules are much less mobile than the rest of the water in the soil, and have significant effects on soil dielectric permittivity and freezing-thawing.
  
  In molecular biology and food science, bound water refers to the amount of water in body tissues which are bound to macromolecules or organelles. In food science this form of water is practically unavailable for microbiological activities so it would not cause quality decreases or pathogen increases.
  
  Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- Adsorption
   Aquaphor has been available in the United States market for over 90 years. In accordance with the Food and Drug Administration's OTC Skin Protectant Monograph Aquaphor, containing 41 percent petrolatum (active ingredient), temporarily protects minor cuts, scrapes, and burns; protects and helps relieve chapped or cracked skin and lips; helps protect from the drying effects of wind and cold weather.
  
  Aquaphor is used and recommended by health care professionals for minor post-operative wounds or defects.
  
  Section::::History.
   Royal Talens also has produced a water mixable painting paste that acts as a thickener as well as transparetizer which will not change the consistency of the paint. There are many documented issues with accelerator products in this category causing cracking and damaging the archivability of the medium.
   The "pump" layer and the shell fabric both rely on a durable water repellent treatment; this treatment in combination with the fabric structure of the "pump" layer creates the capillary depression effect that allows water to be driven away from the wearer. In common with other waterproof garment technologies, this water repellent treatment must be maintained in order to remain effective.
  
  Section::::Characteristics.
   Effects of flooding on skin
  
  There are several different types of skin conditions that may result from flooding.
   In a flood emergency, many residents are forced to wade through flood waters to escape, rescuers are exposed to flood waters in the effort to help, and citizens choose to walk in water for recreation. These waters contain pathogens and chemicals which are thus exposed to individuals that come into contact with the waters. Some of the potential contaminants in the flood water include raw sewage, oil, gasoline, and household chemicals such as paints (sometimes lead based) and insecticides. A major concern is large scale, unintentional release of contaminants from industrial, superfund, or agricultural sites.
  
  Section::::Dermatological manifestations.
  
  Section::::Dermatological manifestations.:Communicable diseases.
   Today, many creams and lotions, commonly based on vegetable oils/butters, petroleum oils/jellies, and even lanolin are widely available. As a preventive measure, such products may be rubbed onto the affected area as needed (often every other day) to prevent dry skin. The skin is then patted dry to prevent removal of natural lipids from the skin.
  
  Section::::Treatment.
   Skin ageing is associated with increased vulnerability. Skin problems including pruritus are common in the elderly but are often inadequately addressed. A literature review of studies that assessed maintenance of skin integrity in the elderly found most to be low levels of evidence but the review concluded that skin-cleansing with synthetic detergents or amphoteric surfactants induced less skin dryness than using soap and water. Moisturizers with humectants helped with skin dryness, and skin barrier occlusives reduced skin injuries.
  
  Section::::Acne.
   Section::::Ingredients.:Mineral.:Porous minerals.
  
  Porous minerals is a subcategory of mineral makeup ingredients where the porosity of the mineral particles enables extraordinary absorption capacity compared to non-porous mineral materials. This feature improves sebum control, long-lasting mattifying effect or gives a matte texture when used in makeup. Porous minerals can also act as carriers, absorbing a wide range of substances into its porous network.
  
  Section::::Ingredients.:Mineral.:Benefits of mineral-based makeup.
   The next one there was old lady Grayson – she couldn't get in so she peed in the basin
  
  it was the same water the next washed her face in – and nobody knew they were there.
  
  /poem
   Since nail polish remover is a solvent, it will dissolve in water. When acetone dissolves in water, it hydrogen bonds with water. The more nail polish remover that enters the hydrosphere will increase the concentration of acetone and then increase the concentration of the solution created when acetone and water bonds. If enough nail polish remover is disposed, it can reach the lethal dose level for aquatic life.
   Section::::Potential dangers.
  
  The search for new ingredients and products often brings controversy, typically over ingredients whose function is unproven or disputed.
  
  There are a few potential dangers regarding the use of cosmetics. One such danger is the use of old mascara. Some mascaras contain an ingredient that breaks down to produce formaldehyde. The formaldehyde prevents the growth of bacteria. Aged mascara, however, may no longer be producing formaldehyde, allowing bacteria to proliferate. For this reason, it is often recommended to replace a tube of mascara every few months.
   The medication is approved for burns of degrees IIb, i.e. deep partial skin thickness burns, to III, i.e. full thickness burns, and has been shown to significantly reduce the necessity of surgical debridement (15% versus 63% under standard treatment) and skin transplants (18% versus 34%) in a randomized controlled trial.
   Balsam of Peru was the main recommended marker for perfume allergy before 1977, which is still advised. The presence of Balsam of Peru in a cosmetic will be denoted by the INCI term "Myroxylon pereirae". In some instances, Balsam of Peru is listed on the ingredient label of a product by one of its various names, but it may not be required to be listed by its name by mandatory labeling conventions (in fragrances, for example, it may simply be covered by an ingredient listing of "fragrance").
   Water miscible oil paint (also called water soluble oil paint or water mixable oil paint) is oil paint either engineered or an emulsifier has been added, to be thinned and cleaned up with water. These paints make it possible to avoid using volatile organic compounds such as turpentine that may be harmful if inhaled. Water miscible oil paint can be mixed and applied using the same techniques as traditional oil-based paint, but while still wet it can be removed from brushes, palettes, and rags with ordinary soap and water. Its water solubility comes from the use of an oil medium in which one end of the molecule has been altered to bind loosely to water molecules, as in a solution.
   Section::::Handling in comparison with other media.
  
presuppositions: Skin needs water to be moist. Your skin needs water to moisturize.
corrections: Skin needs oil to be moist. Your skin needs oil to be moist.
raw_presuppositions: Skin needs water to be moist. Your skin needs water to moisturize.
raw_corrections: Skin needs oil to be moist. Your skin needs oil to be moist.