question: How do insurance companies work in instances of something as priceless as Notre Dame?
comment: Insurance generally doesn't worry about what sort of "priceless" value a work of art or cultural icon may have: it's there to fix or replace what was broken. So in the case of something like Notre Dame, it would certainly be hard to put a dollar value on some of the architectural features and artistic touches that were destroyed. But it's much easier to put a dollar value on the cost to replace them, and that's what would be provided for. The spire that fell over may have been priceless in its history and significance, but the materials and labor can be priced out, and that's what a claim would pay. The question I'm really interested in is exactly how the renovation firm (if the fire was accidentally caused by the renovations) was insured. Even tiny construction projects require several million dollars of insurance limits; a company working on a monument like this would definitely have held tens of millions or more in coverage... which very well might end up being fully paid out.
passages: Since 1905, France's cathedrals (including Notre-Dame) have been owned by the state, which is self-insured. Some costs might be recovered through insurance coverage if the fire is found to have been caused by contractors working on the site. The French insurer AXA provided insurance coverage for two of the contracting firms working on Notre-Dame's restoration before the blaze which devastated the cathedral. AXA also provided insurance coverage for some of the relics and artworks in the cathedral.
   This cost does not include damage to any of the artwork or artefacts within the cathedral; art insurers said any pieces on loan from other museums would have been insured, but the works owned by the cathedral would not have been insurable.
   The "cotisation" in Britain may be paid to the British Hospitality Trust, which is a charity, so any tax may be reclaimed. The money gained is used to pay for things of use to the Hospitalite at Lourdes.
  
  Many pilgrimages from across the world have their own stage groups. In Britain, for example the Catholic Association Pilgrimage who run two groups in May and August, Ampleforth, whose Stage group give service in June, Hexham, which has a stage group in May,and SOLL, a stage group in September. There is also an Oxford and Cambridge stage group.
   France's cathedrals have been owned by the state since 1905, and are not privately insured. The heritage conservation organisation estimated the damage in the hundreds of millions of euros; but, according to President Robert Leblanc, losses from the fire are not expected to substantially impact the private insurance industry.
  
  European art insurers stated the cost would be similar to ongoing renovations of the Palace of Westminster in London, which currently is estimated around €7billion.
   Section::::Construction.
   Section::::Career.
   BULLET::::- "Chief Laura Shiloh," first female battalion chief in the 149-year history of the Baltimore Fire Department; 1981 graduate
  
  BULLET::::- "Brigadier General Allyson Grant Solomon", the first woman and African-American senior commander in the Maryland Air National Guard; 1979 graduate
  
  BULLET::::- "Renee Demski MSW, MBA", Senior Director of Johns Hopkins Medicine’s Center for Innovation in Quality Patient Care as well as the Senior Director of Quality Improvement and Operations Integration for the Johns Hopkins Health System; 1981 graduate
   Section::::Fate.
   BULLET::::- Notre Dame College, South Euclid, Ohio
  
  BULLET::::- Notre Dame de Namur University, Belmont, California
  
  BULLET::::- Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, Maryland
  
  BULLET::::- University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana
  
  Section::::Arts, entertainment, and media.
  
  BULLET::::- Notre Dame (band), a Swedish metal band
  
  BULLET::::- "Notre Dame" (opera), a 1906 romantic opera by Franz Schmidt
  
  BULLET::::- Notre Dame school of Polyphony, a group of composers working at or near the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris from about 1170 to 1250
  
  BULLET::::- "Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi", a 1902 painting by Henri Matisse
  
  Section::::Other uses.
   BULLET::::- Basilica of the Sacred Heart, Notre Dame, Indiana
  
  BULLET::::- Church of Notre Dame (New York City), a parish of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York
  
  BULLET::::- Notre Dame de Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
  
  Section::::Churches and cathedrals.:Vietnam.
  
  BULLET::::- Saigon Notre-Dame Basilica, Ho Chi Minh City
  
  Section::::Organizations.
  
  BULLET::::- Hospitalité Notre Dame de Lourdes, a Roman Catholic religious confraternity under the spiritual authority of the Bishop of Tarbes and Lourdes
  
  BULLET::::- School Sisters of Notre Dame, a worldwide order of Roman Catholic nuns devoted to primary, secondary, and post-secondary education
   , donations of over €1billion have been pledged for the cathedral's reconstruction, at least €880million of that in less than a day after Macron's appeal.
  
  Pledges €10M and over include:
  
  There have been many additional pledges for smaller, or undisclosed, amounts. 
   Holy Cross Village at Notre Dame is a retirement community offering continuing care in Notre Dame, Indiana. It is owned by the Brothers of Holy Cross and managed by the Franciscan Sisters of Chicago Service Corporation.
   On 15 April 2019, just before 18:20 CEST, a structure fire broke out beneath the roof of Notre-Dame de Paris cathedral in Paris. By the time it was extinguished, the building's spire and most of its roof had been destroyed and its upper walls severely damaged; extensive damage to the interior was prevented by its stone vaulted ceiling, which largely contained the burning roof as it collapsed. Many works of art and religious relics were moved to safety early in the emergency, but others suffered some smoke damage, and some exterior art was damaged or destroyed. The cathedral's two pipe organs, and its three 13th-century rose windows, suffered little to no damage. Three emergency workers were injured.
   One of the particularities of the P&I clubs, is that they participate in a claims sharing and collective reinsurance purchasing arrangement through the International Group. The reinsurance programme is the largest in the world and has a capacity exceeding US$5.5 billion. The arrangement, due to its size and structure, enables the clubs to significantly reduce their risk capital requirements in a cost-effective way. The resulting savings should hence over time be reflected in the premium levels shipowners pay for their P&I cover.
   Extensive attention had been given to the risk of fire at the cathedral. The Paris Fire Brigade drilled regularly to prepare for emergencies there, including on-site exercises in 2018; a firefighter was posted to the cathedral each day; and fire wardens checked conditions beneath the roof three times daily.
  
  Section::::Fire.
  
  Fire broke out in the attic beneath the cathedral's roof at 18:18. At 18:20 the fire alarm sounded and guards evacuated the cathedral;
   The ND-SSM personnel and student choir under the supervision of Mr. Richy Dauz as trainer and moderator of the Choir Club had been doing very well in service every Sunday Church masses and other religious celebrations.
   In addition to the damage brought on by the water infiltration, other factors would surely have inflated the cost of any restoration. Recall that the hotel was built more than 75 years ago. In the three-quarters of a century since that time, construction, plumbing and electrical codes have been updated many times over. Also, the Americans with Disabilities Act requires certain accessibility provisions be made for those with physical limitations.
   Adjacent apartment buildings were evacuated due to concern about possible collapse, but on 19 April the fire brigade ruled out that risk.
  
  One firefighter and two police officers were injured.
  
  Section::::Fire.:Damage.
  
  Most of the wood/metal roof and the spire of the cathedral was destroyed, with about one third of the roof remaining. The remnants of the roof and spire fell atop the stone vault underneath, which forms the ceiling of the cathedral's interior.
   Section::::Structure.:Nightclub.
  
  The nightclub at Legends of Notre Dame is only open to Notre Dame, Saint Mary's College and Holy Cross College students and their guests. Every Thursday, Friday and Saturday night during the academic year the club offers free live entertainment in the form of concerts, comedy shows, nightclubs and beyond. There are six events per weekend at Legends featuring live entertainment at 10:00 pm and a nightclub at midnight, which can stay open until as late as 4:00 am.
   Reverend Raymond Pulvino, C.P., founded the school and was responsible for the quick building of the school . The passionist Fathers gave him support and financial backing. The school is owned by the Congregation of the Passion of Our Lord Jesus Christ in the Philippines.
  
  The passionist fathers intended NDS to serve, that is, the school will not be a profit-making venture; it will render service to as many pupils as it can accommodate; hence, there will be no screening.
   other options include rebuilding in the original lead and wood,
  
  rebuilding with modern materials not visible from the outside (like the reinforced concrete trusses at Reims Cathedral),
  
  or a combination of restored old elements and newly designed ones.
   Section::::Derivative works.
  
  Section::::Derivative works.:Umberto Eco.
  
  According to Earl Anderson (Cleveland State University), it is likely that Umberto Eco references the plan in his novel "The Name of the Rose":
  
  Section::::Derivative works.:Models.
  
  The Plan has inspired a tradition of model making. In 1965 Ernest Born and others created a scale model of the plan for the "Age of Charlemagne" exhibition in Aachen, Germany. This became the inspiration for the book he co-authored in 1979 with Walter Horn, but was also the first in a tradition of modeling the plan. More recently the plan has been modeled on computers using CAD software.
   BULLET::::- Notre-Dame Cathedral, Paris On 15 April 2019 the cathedral's roof caught fire, leading to the destruction of the 12th-century roof structure and the 19th-century spire.
  
  BULLET::::- Poitiers Cathedral The organ was destroyed in a fire on 25 December 1681.
  
  BULLET::::- Quimper Cathedral One tower burned in 1620.
   Unfortunately, on April 15 of 2019 most of the Notre Dame was burnt in a mystery fire and many priceless historic artefacts were lost.
  
  Section::::Tourist attractions.:Basilique du Sacré-Cœur.
   In 1922 Notre Dame Academy was renamed Notre Dame Girls High School. In 1960 the old girls high school was razed, and Notre Dame Girls High School and Notre Dame Sisters Convent were built.
  
presuppositions: Insurance companies estimate the dollar value of architectural features and artistic touches of pricessless things like Notre Dame.
corrections: Insurance companies estimate the dollar value of replacement of pricessless things like Notre Dame instead of architectural features and artistic touches.
raw_presuppositions: Insurance pays what art, or a cultural icon is worth when damaged. Something priceless like the Notre Dame can not be priced out by insurance. Insurance companies estimate the dollar value of architectural features and artistic touches of pricessless things like Notre Dame.
raw_corrections: Insurance pays the cost to fix or replace the insured art or cultural icon, not what the insured art or cultural icon is worth. Insurance can price out materials and labor costs for replacing parts of the Notre Dame. Insurance companies estimate the dollar value of replacement of pricessless things like Notre Dame instead of architectural features and artistic touches.