question: How can you break your penis, if penis is not a bone?
comment: While the penis has no bones in humans, it still has structures designed to be rigid during erection. If the penis is bent sharply during intercourse, or some other reason, then the tubes inside the penis responsible for semen and urine release can be damaged. This can include an audible cracking sound, very similar to that of a broken bone, as well as the potential for permanent changes in the shape of the member or ability to become erect. URL_0
passages: Penile trauma can result from a blunt or penetrating injury, the latter being rarely investigated by imaging methods, almost always requiring immediate surgical exploration. In the erect penis, trauma results from stretching and narrowing of the tunica albuginea, which can undergo segmental rupture of one or both of the corpora cavernosa, constituting a penile fracture.
   BULLET::::- Penile fracture can occur if the erect penis is bent excessively. A popping or cracking sound and pain is normally associated with this event. Emergency medical assistance should be obtained as soon as possible. Prompt medical attention lowers the likelihood of permanent penile curvature.
   Section::::Penile trauma.
  
  Penile trauma can result from a blunt or penetrating injury, the latter being rarely investigated by imaging methods, almost always requiring immediate surgical exploration. In the erect penis, trauma results from stretching and narrowing of the tunica albuginea, which can undergo segmental rupture of one or both of the corpora cavernosa, constituting a penile fracture.
  
  Section::::Priapism.
   Penile injury
  
  A penile injury is a medical emergency that afflicts the penis. Common injuries include fracture, avulsion, strangulation, entrapment, and amputation.
  
  Section::::Types.
  
  Section::::Types.:Fracture.
   Shatter the Bones
  
  Shatter the Bones is the seventh book in the bestselling Logan McRae detective series set in Aberdeenshire by Stuart MacBride.
  
  Section::::Plot.
   Fragility fractures of the ribs are common in men as young as age 35. These are often overlooked as signs of osteoporosis, as these men are often physically active and suffer the fracture in the course of physical activity. An example would be as a result of falling while water skiing or jet skiing. However, a quick test of the individual's testosterone level following the diagnosis of the fracture will readily reveal whether that individual might be at risk.
  
  Section::::Epidemiology.
   Penile fracture
  
  Penile fracture is rupture of one or both of the "tunica albuginea", the fibrous coverings that envelop the penis's "corpora cavernosa". It is caused by rapid blunt force to an erect penis, usually during vaginal intercourse, or aggressive masturbation. It sometimes also involves partial or complete rupture of the urethra or injury to the dorsal nerves, veins and arteries.
  
  Section::::Signs and symptoms.
  
  A popping or cracking sound, significant pain, swelling, immediate loss of erection leading to flaccidity, and skin hematoma of various sizes are commonly associated with the sexual event.
  
  Section::::Causes.
   In 10-15% of penile traumas, there can be an accompanying urethral lesion. When blood is observed in the urethral meatus, contrast-enhanced evaluation of the urethra is necessary. In cases in which the ultrasound findings are inconclusive, the use of magnetic resonance imaging can facilitate the diagnosis and is recommended by various authors.
  
  Section::::Treatment.
   Section::::Other media.:Action figures.
   Also Jamaican doctors have warned of the dangers of daggering, after having many cases of damaged penis tissue. The condition can result in permanent damage, and therefore must be taken seriously. Jamaican doctors assert that those trying to replicate the powerful moves of daggering in the bedroom can end up with dramatic injuries. They say the incidence of broken penises has increased in the past year, according to an article in the "Jamaican Star".
   Erectile dysfunction, tied closely as it is to cultural notions of potency, success and masculinity, can have devastating psychological consequences including feelings of shame, loss or inadequacy; There is a strong culture of silence and inability to discuss the matter. In fact, around one in ten men will experience recurring impotence problems at some point in their lives.
  
  Section::::Medical conditions.:Priapism.
  
  Priapism is a painful condition in which the penis does not return to its flaccid state, despite the absence of both physical and psychological stimulation. Priapism lasting over four hours is a medical emergency.
  
  Section::::In non-human animals.
   A common cause of low-force trauma is an at-home fall. When considering preventative efforts, the National Institute of Health (NIH) examines ways to reduce the likelihood of falling, the force of the fall, and bone fragility. To prevent at-home falls they suggest keeping cords out of high-traffic areas where someone could trip, installing handrails and keeping stairways well-lit, and installing an assistive bar near the bathtub in the washroom for support. To reduce the impact of a fall the NIH recommends to try falling straight down on your buttocks or onto your hands. Finally, taking calcium vitamin D supplements can help strengthen your bones.
   The practice of "taqaandan" (also "taghaandan") also puts men at risk of penile fracture. Taqaandan, which comes from a Kurdish word meaning "to click", involves bending the top part of the erect penis while holding the lower part of the shaft in place, until a click is heard and felt. Taqaandan is said to be painless and has been compared to cracking one's knuckles, but the practice of taqaandan has led to an increase in the prevalence of penile fractures in western Iran. Taqaandan may be performed to achieve detumescence.
  
  Section::::Diagnosis.
  
  Section::::Diagnosis.:Imaging studies.
   BULLET::::- In 2009, in Newport, Wales, Donna McNamee, Abigail Sicolo, and Anthony McNamee lifted a 1.1 ton Renault Clio off of an 8-year-old boy.
  
  BULLET::::- In 2011, in Tampa, Florida, , University of South Florida college football player Danous Estenor lifted a car off of a man who had been caught underneath. The man was a tow truck driver who had been pinned under the rear tire of a 1990 Cadillac Seville, which had lurched forward as he worked underneath it. The man suffered only minor injuries.
   Amputation of the penis can be either partial or complete. Often self-inflicted by people with psychiatric disorders, it may be occur with other trauma, such as in an assault or a mechanical accident. These injuries are treated by re-implantation if possible, with or without anastomosis of the vasculature to restore erectile function; skin necrosis and loss of sensation are common complications after treatment. Microsurgery on the vasculature decreases the risk of necrosis significantly. Klingsor syndrome is a psychiatric disorder that causes self-harm, which can involve the penis. Paranoid schizophrenia, eating disorders, and psychotic breaks can also be associated with penile injury. In some cases, transgender people who are not able to access genital surgery may self-amputate their penis. Favorable prognostic factors for replantation of amputated penises include short ischemic time and a clean incision (as opposed to a crush injury or ragged incision).
   Section::::Types.:Degloving and avulsion.
  
  Degloving and avulsion injuries involve the removal of the penis skin, which is a serious medical emergency. Treatment of these injuries involves either closure of the torn skin, or a skin graft to replace the skin lost in the injury. Skin grafts are constructed to attempt to preserve erectile function and sensation.
  
  Section::::Types.:Soft-tissue injuries.
  
  Section::::Types.:Soft-tissue injuries.:Strangulation.
   In the United States, the case of "Doe v. Moe", 63 Mass. App. Ct. 516, 827 N.E.2d 240 (2005), tested liability for a penile fracture injury caused during sexual intercourse. The court declined to find duty as between two consensual adults. The plaintiff in this case, a man who suffered a fractured penis, complained that the defendant, his ex-girlfriend, had caused his injury while she was on top of him during sexual intercourse. The court ruled in her favor, determining that her conduct was neither legally wanton nor reckless.
  
  Section::::Further reading.
   Bone fracture
  
  A bone fracture (sometimes abbreviated FRX or Fx, F, or #) is a medical condition in which there is a partial or complete break in the continuity of the bone. In more severe cases, the bone may be broken into several pieces. A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress, or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis, osteopenia, bone cancer, or osteogenesis imperfecta, where the fracture is then properly termed a pathologic fracture.
  
  Section::::Signs and symptoms.
   Other soft-tissue injuries to the penis can be caused by burns, animal bites, and human bites. Animal bites are common in children, and dogs are the most common animals involved. Though typically not severe, animal bites can cause amputation or infection. Treatment for animal bites and human bites involves antibiotic treatment and closure of the wounds by secondary intention because they are contaminated.
   Kessler has a fetish for female paraplegics and an inability to have an erection unassisted; he claims this is the result of the numerous times Butcher has kneed him in the groin when prompting him for information or punishing him.
   Section::::Life.
   Section::::Pathophysiology.
  
  The etiology of the Galeazzi fracture is thought to be a fall that causes an axial load to be placed on a hyperpronated forearm. However, researchers have been unable to reproduce the mechanism of injury in a laboratory setting.
  
  After the injury, the fracture is subject to deforming forces including those of the brachioradialis, pronator quadratus, and thumb extensors, as well as the weight of the hand. The deforming muscular and soft-tissue injuries that are associated with this fracture cannot be controlled with plaster immobilization.
  
  Section::::Treatment.
   "When I was a kid, my father told me about an accident that happened while he was working on Grand Coulee Dam in Washington. (At the time, Grand Coulee Dam was the world’s largest dam.) One day, a crane operator failed to see him, swung a quarter-ton bucket of wet concrete into his side, and knocked him off the dam. He managed to reach around in midair, grabbed the bottom rim of the bucket, swung out with it, and when it came back in dropped into the middle of a patch of fresh concrete."
   Penile fracture is a medical emergency, and emergency surgical repair is the usual treatment. Delay in seeking treatment increases the complication rate. Non-surgical approaches result in 10–50% complication rates including erectile dysfunction, permanent penile curvature, damage to the urethra and pain during sexual intercourse, while operatively treated patients experience an 11% complication rate.
  
  In some cases, retrograde urethrogram may be performed to rule out concurrent urethral injury.
  
  Section::::Legal issues.
   Section::::Treatment.:Surgery.
  
  Often, as a last resort if other treatments have failed, the most common procedure is prosthetic implants which involves the insertion of artificial rods into the penis. Some sources show that vascular reconstructive surgeries are viable options for some people.
  
  Section::::Treatment.:Alternative medicine.
  