question: Why do name brand car dealerships have so many cars and trucks in their lot? It’s not like they have 300+ people coming in to buy a vehicle every week
comment: Cars don't "go bad" on short notice like groceries, so it's not as dangerous to overstock. And this way if a customer shows up not already knowing which car they want, you can show them tons of options.
passages: Section::::Types of providers and their business models.:Automotive dealerships.
  
  A number of automotive dealerships have launched vehicle subscriptions focused on the markets where they have stores. For example, the Jeff Wyler Automotive Group offers a subscription service, Wyler Fastlane, in their home market of Cincinnati. The services offered by these dealerships typically include vehicles from several different brands offered by their stores, allowing customers to drive a wide variety of vehicles.
   BULLET::::- Company/fleet cars: companies of varying sizes own or lease cars, trucks or vans that they typically keep for two or more years, although it is not uncommon to see current year models sold at the auctions. Adequate maintenance and large volumes of similar vehicles are typical characteristics. Like rentals, these fleet vehicles do not have many extras and get thoroughly exploited on a daily basis. Unlike rentals, usage of company cars varies greatly from the executive luxury sedan driven slowly and carefully on occasion to the delivery truck that regularly mounts curbs and gets abused in city traffic.
   As a media fleet can be viewed as at best semi-targeted, and at worst untargeted. The only claim that fleet media can make to targeting is that the location of the vehicle in question is potentially limited geographically. Fleet media are more likely to be seen by people with cars on freeways or motorways or in the neighbourhoods of the business premises that own the fleet. It is something of a stretch to consider this targeting even if a vehicle is limited to a singles state, or area of the country, but occasionally this kind of thing is quoted anecdotally as a targeting effect.
   Section::::Models.
  
  Section::::Models.:Manufactured/assembled locally.
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Camry
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Corolla Altis
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Etios
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Etios Cross
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Etios Liva
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Fortuner
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Innova Crysta
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Innova Touring Sport
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Yaris
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Glanza
  
  Section::::Models.:Imported.
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Hiace
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Land Cruiser
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Land Cruiser Prado
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Prius
  
  Section::::Models.:Discontinued.
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Commuter
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Corona
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Qualis
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Alphard
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Innova
  
  BULLET::::- Toyota Vellfire
  
  Section::::Sales and service network.
  
  As of April 2019, it has more than 350 dealerships in 225 cities across India.
  
  Section::::Sales performance.
   BULLET::::- Automotive Manufacturers spend a substantial amount of their marketing budgets on dealer advertising, which may not be accurately measurable if not modeled at the right level of aggregation. If modeled at the national level or even the market or DMA level, these effects may be lost in aggregation bias. On the other hand, going all the way down to dealer-level may overestimate marketing effectiveness as it would ignore consumer switching between dealers in the same area. The correct albeit rigorous approach would be to determine what dealers to combine into 'addable' common groups based on overlapping 'trade-areas' determined by consumer zip codes and cross-shopping information. At the very least 'Common Dealer Areas' can be determined by clustering dealers based on geographical distance between dealers and share of county sales. Marketing-mix models built by 'pooling' monthly sales for these dealer clusters will be effectively used to measure the impact of dealer advertising effectively.
   BULLET::::- 2006 – 85,000 cars and 407 US corporate locations
  
  BULLET::::- 2009 – 106,245 cars and 600 US locations
  
  BULLET::::- 2012 – A fleet of 122,000 cars in 470 US locations
  
  BULLET::::- 2016 – Combined with parent company Hertz, Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group had 489,800 cars with 4,435 US locations
   Section::::Locations.
  
  In the USA, Group 1 Automotive has dealerships in Alabama, California, Florida, Georgia, Kansas, Louisiana, Maryland, Massachusetts, Mississippi, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, Oklahoma, South Carolina and Texas. Their corporate headquarters is in the Memorial City district of Houston, Texas.
  
  Section::::Products and Services.
  
  In response to used vehicle retailing trends, the Val-U-Line® brand was created in Q1 2018 to retail older vehicles with benefits like a 3-day/300 mile return policy and CarFax vehicle history reports. Initial investment impacted forecasts but future earnings were positive, contributing to a 13.9% increase in used vehicle sales for 2018. 
   Lexus sales operations vary in structure by region. In many markets, such as the U.S., the dealership network is a distinct organization from corporate headquarters, with separately owned and operated Lexus showrooms. By contrast, in Japan all 143 dealerships in the country are owned and operated by Lexus. Several markets have a designated, third party regional distributor; for example, in the United Arab Emirates, sales operations are managed by Al-Futtaim Motors LLC, and in Costa Rica, Lexus vehicles are sold via regional distributor Purdy Motors S.A. Other officially sanctioned regional distributors have sold Lexus models prior to the launch of, or in absence of, a dedicated dealership network.
   BULLET::::- 2013 – Introduction of Adrenaline Collection of cars, a line of high-performance sport cars, to Australia
  
  BULLET::::- 2014 – The Green Collection of rental cars is introduced in Singapore
  
  BULLET::::- 2014 – Addition of luxury cars Corvette Stingray and Jaguar XJL to fleet
  
  BULLET::::- 2014 – Hertz Global Holdings reported a total consolidated revenue of US$3 billion for the year's third quarter
  
  BULLET::::- 2015 – Total net income of US$237 million for the third quarter alone
  
  BULLET::::- 2015 – Hertz added approximately 335,000 2015 model-year vehicles to its fleet through September 30, 2015
   All of the above light commercial vehicles are sold through dealer networks. Usually, a car dealer will have a franchise for the sale of a manufacturer's cars and the LCVs will be sold as an addition. The exceptions to these are Mercedes-Benz, which has a dedicated commercial vehicle network for heavy and light commercial vehicles, Volkswagen, whose franchised dealers usually have standalone van centres, Iveco, and Isuzu Truck. Isuzu Truck market commercial vehicles up to 18 tonnes GVW and Iveco market their heavy truck range with their Daily van to complement this.
  
  Section::::Marketing.
   Dealerships have talked about using subscription to meet customer needs better and to expand their role in serving drivers. Flow Automotive has talked about allowing customers to drive different types of cars as their lifestyle demands. The managers of Park Place Select in Dallas talked about transforming from a dealership to a "full-fledged transportation service".
   BULLET::::3. Chevrolet Optra SRV
  
  BULLET::::4. Chevrolet Sail U-VA
  
  BULLET::::5. Chevrolet Spark
  
  Sedan:
  
  BULLET::::1. Chevrolet Aveo
  
  BULLET::::2. Chevrolet Cruze
  
  BULLET::::3. Chevrolet Optra
  
  BULLET::::4. Chevrolet Sail
  
  SUV:
  
  BULLET::::1. Chevrolet Captiva
  
  BULLET::::2. Chevrolet Forester
  
  BULLET::::3. Chevrolet Trailblazer
  
  MPV:
  
  BULLET::::1. Chevrolet Enjoy
  
  BULLET::::2. Chevrolet Tavera
  
  Section::::Sales and service network.
  
  At the time of its closure, CSIPL had 205 dealerships and more than 200 service centres in 178 cities across India.
  
  Section::::Sales performance.
   A large number of start-ups have been created to offer vehicle subscription services. One early pioneer in the vehicle subscription space was Joule, which won the a TechCrunch Seattle pitch competition in 2015. Other USA-based start-ups include Carma, which is a graduate of the Techstars incubator program, Borrow, a subscription service focused exclusively on electric vehicles, and Mobiliti. Several vehicle subscription start-ups have been founded in Europe, including Wagonex, Cocoon Vehicles and Drover, from the United Kingdom, and Dribe and Bilabonnement, both from Denmark. In 2017, Gurgaon based startup Revv, launched Asia's first monthly multi-brand car subscription program Switch, across 15 cities in India.
   According to one survey, more than half of dealership customers would prefer to buy directly from the manufacturer, without any monetary incentives to do so. An analyst report of a direct sales model is estimated to cut the cost of a vehicle by 8.6%. This implies an even greater demand currently exists for a direct manufacturer sales model. However, state laws in the United States prohibit manufacturers from selling directly, and customers must buy new cars through a dealer.
  
  Section::::Perceptions.:Discrimination.
   Several automotive manufacturers and brands offer or have announced vehicle subscriptions, including Porsche, Volvo, Cadillac, Hyundai and Ford. These services offer subscribers vehicles from a single brand or, in the case of Volvo, a single vehicle. While initial launches have tended to focus on one or two cities, there is evidence that the manufacturers will eventually offer their services more broadly: for example Care by Volvo was immediately available across the country and Book by Cadillac has expanded beyond its original launch market of New York City.
   Used car dealers carry cars from many different manufacturers, while new car dealerships are generally franchises associated with only one manufacturer. Some new car dealerships may carry multiple brands from the same manufacturer. In some locales, dealerships have been consolidated and a single owner may control a chain of dealerships representing several different manufacturers.
  
  New car dealerships also sell used cars, and take in trade-ins and/or purchase used vehicles at auction. Most dealerships also provide a series of additional services for car buyers and owners, which are sometimes more profitable than the core business of selling cars.
  
  Section::::Selling cars.
   The LaSalle had its beginnings when General Motors' CEO, Alfred P. Sloan, noticed that his carefully crafted market segmentation program was beginning to develop price gaps in which General Motors had no products to sell. In an era where automotive brands were somewhat restricted to building a specific car per model year, Sloan surmised that the best way to bridge the gaps was to develop "companion" marques that could be sold through the current sales network.
   Car dealerships in North America
  
  In the United States and Canada, a car dealer may specialize in used vehicles, or be a franchised dealership, which is a retailer that sells new and sometimes used cars. In most cases Franchised Dealerships include certified preowned vehicles, employ trained automotive technicians, and offer financing. In the United States, direct manufacturer auto sales are prohibited in almost every state by franchise laws requiring that new cars be sold only by dealers.
   Roughly half of new cars in the U.S. are financed by the captive financing arms of car manufacturers, such as the Ford Motor Credit Company. Captives have a smaller share of the overall car financing market (new and used cars), along with banks, credit unions, and finance companies. A small number of cars are financed directly by the dealership at "Buy Here Pay Here" dealers, which cater to customers with subprime credit. Buy Here Pay Here financing accounts for 6% of the total financing market.
   The problem with the many-to-many model is that it can stretch a company’s resources too thinly and soften its focus. One reason for the current financial problems of the world’s largest car maker, General Motors, is that it has tried to be everything to everybody, launching model after model with no clear segmenting, targeting or branding strategy.
  
  Section::::Approaches.:Two-stage market segmentation (Wind & Cardozo model).
   Lynk & Co is planning to use a direct-to-consumer sales model in most markets, including the United States. This method is very uncommon, especially in the United States, where dealerships have been used as the primary method of selling automobiles to consumers. Tesla has had recent success selling direct to consumers, which Geely acknowledges.
  
  Instead of building its cars as trim levels, a method of building variations common used in the industry, each car will be ordered by the buyer and customized using equipment packages, though variations will be limited.
   In April 2013, Fiat North America announced a program to allow customers to cover longer travel distances, as each Fiat 500e purchase includes the use of rental vehicles for up to 12 days a year for free through the first three years of ownership. The program, called ePass, entitles 500e owners to a business account with enough points to rent a gasoline-powered standard car with Enterprise Holdings, which owns Enterprise Rent-A-Car, National Car Rental and Alamo Rent a Car. Fiat deposits additional points the following two years to extend the program.
  
  Section::::See also.
  
  BULLET::::- Genset trailer
   Inride, in the Greater Washington DC / Baltimore area, launched in the summer of 2018 by auto dealer Alex Perdikis, as the very first vehicle subscription service in the Washington DC area. Autoblog.com recently featured inride along side manufacturer backed ventures as one of the leading vehicle subscription companies in the United States.
  
  Section::::Types of providers and their business models.:Start-ups and corporate-backed ventures.
   BULLET::::- Access to volume discounts if the employer/salary packaging company has many vehicles under this scheme:
   BULLET::::- Lease Here Pay Here Contracts: With lease to purchase programs, customers are given a vehicle to lease for a time period that can range from 12 months up to 36 months. What makes this unique is the fact that these vehicle are used as opposed to new vehicle typically obtained from a new car dealer. The dealership that leases these cars is often scrutinized due to the fact that they normally serve the public that do not have strong financial abilities to maintain the obligation.
  