question: Why mist can contain salt (salt mist) but water vapor does not (desalination via distillation)?
comment: Salt mist as in sea mist is literally tiny drops of sea water splashing into the air, so it contains everything from the sea, including the salts. Water vapour is evaporated, the water boils into a gas and then condenses onto a cooler surface or in the cooler air, so it is chemically pure h2o.
passages: The leading proposed method for marine cloud brightening is to generate a fine mist of salt from seawater, and to deliver into targeted banks of marine stratocumulus clouds from ships traversing the ocean. This requires technology that can generate optimally-sized (~100 nm) sea-salt particles and deliver them at sufficient force and scale to penetrate low-lying marine clouds. The resulting spray mist must then be delivered continuously into target clouds over the ocean.
   Mist Lift utilizing thermal temperature differences does not require large pumps and heat exchangers as in other types of OTEC. In closed systems, the expense of the exchangers represents the largest cost of the OTEC plant, with a 100MW plant requiring 200 exchangers the size of 20 foot shipping containers.
   Mist is commonly mistaken for fog. These two things are very different, however they do have some things in common. Fog and mist are both formed the same way. Fog is denser and generally lasts for longer but mist is thinner and you can see more clearly through it.
  
  Section::::Description.
   Darabont sought to pursue "a more fluid, ragged documentary kind of direction" with "The Mist", so he contacted the camera crew from the TV series "The Shield", after having directed one episode, to use their style in the film. Darabont attempted to film "The Mist" digitally but found that it "wound up looking too beautiful". The director chose to film with 400 ASA from Fujifilm, which gave footage a grainy effect.
   Mist is a crossroads community where Oregon Route 47 turns north to Clatskanie, and a pioneer trail (Burn Road) crossed the Nehalem River and went south to Vernonia. It is the eastern terminus of Oregon Route 202. The Nehalem River valley widens between Mist and Jewell and was favored by the Native American tribes of the area for hunting; it was later favored by early European American settlers for agriculture. Although the area is now sparsely settled, it is notable for having the largest operating sawmill in Columbia County and also geological conditions lending themselves to natural gas storage. Mist contains one of the very few, and therefore very valuable, natural gas storage areas in the Pacific Northwest. It operates unobtrusively on a hill near Mist. It is controlled by NW Natural (formerly Northwest Natural Gas) and is connected by several pipelines, including a and a pipeline along the Nehalem Highway.
   Mist is a phenomenon caused by small droplets of water suspended in air. Physically, it is an example of a dispersion. It is most commonly seen where warm, moist air meets sudden cooling, such as in exhaled air in the winter, or when throwing water onto the hot stove of a sauna. It can be created artificially with aerosol canisters if the humidity and temperature conditions are right. It can also occur as part of natural weather, when humid air cools rapidly, for example when the air comes into contact with surfaces that are much cooler than the air. 
   The formation of mist, as of other suspensions, is greatly aided by the presence of nucleation sites on which the suspended water phase can congeal. Thus even such unusual sources as small particulates from volcanic eruptions, releases of strongly polar gases, and even the magnetospheric ions associated with polar lights can in right conditions trigger the formation of mist and can make mirrors appear foggy. Mist on mirrors should not be mistaken for condensation as they are very different. Mist is a collection of water droplets but condensation is the water droplets in a different form. 
   The original story was actually called "The Fog", part of King’s anthology book "Skeleton Crew". The name was changed to "The Mist" after John Carpenter’s 1980 film "The Fog" was released. 
   The prerequisite for mist lift is that a significant thermal gradient exists. Typically warm surface water is expected to be near . Cold water from depth needs to be in the vicinity of . A common set of embodiments uses a floating concrete vessel most of which is submerged below the surface. Large volumes of warm surface seawater fall by gravity from a substantial height such as to generate electricity from a hydro-electric turbine at the base of the structure. "Mist lift" gets its name by the gas lift technique used to pump the water back out of the structure. Due to the partial vacuum within the structure, warm sea water from the surface boils, creating large volumes of rising steam. to 20 metres up, jets of cold sea water are sprayed upwards into the vapor, rapidly contracting it and thereby creating significantly lower pressure at the top of the structure than at the base. This causes the multi-phase steam-water "mist" to be lifted with great velocity to the top of the structure where it exits.
   The salt water collected at the bottom of each stage can be sprayed on the tubes in the next stage, since this water has a suitable temperature and pressure near or slightly above the operating temperature and pressure in the next stage. Some of this water will flash into steam as it is released into the next stage at lower pressure than the stage it came from.
   A source of large amounts of fresh and brackish water and large water re-cycling facilities are required in order to create the steam for the SAGD process. Water is a popular topic for debate in regards to water use and management. As of 2008, American petroleum production (not limited to SAGD) generates over 5 billion gallons of produced water every day. The concern of using large amounts of water has little to do with proportion of water used, rather the quality of the water. Traditionally close to 70 million cubic metres of the water volume that was used in the SAGD process was fresh, surface, water. There has been a significant reduction in fresh water use as of 2010, when approximately 18 million cubic metres were used. Though to offset the drastic reduction in fresh water use, industry has begun to significantly increase the volume of saline groundwater involved. This, as well as other, more general water saving techniques have allowed surface water usage by oil sands operations to decrease by more than threefold since production first began.
   In December 2006, Jane finalized negotiations with the studio to join the cast. In January 2007, actors Andre Braugher and Laurie Holden joined Jane for the cast of "The Mist". Production began the following February at StageWorks of Louisiana, a sound stage and film production facility in Shreveport, Louisiana. Marcia Gay Harden and Toby Jones joined the cast later in the month.
   Cloud cover is often referred to as "mist" when encountered on mountains, whereas moisture suspended above a body of water or marsh area is usually called "fog". One difference between mist and fog is visibility. The phenomenon is called fog if the visibility is or less. In the U.K., the definition of fog is visibility less than (for driving purposes, UK Highway Code rule 226), while for pilots the distance is 1 km. Otherwise, it is known as mist.
  
  Mist makes a light beam visible from the side via refraction and scattering on the suspended water droplets.
   Mist lift
  
  The Mist lift, Mist flow or Steam lift pump is a gas lift technique of lifting water used in a form of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) where water falls to operate a hydro-electric turbine. The water is pumped from the level it drops to using rising steam which is combined into a multiphase flow. Independent of energy production, the technique can be used simply as a thermally powered pump used to raise ocean water from depths for unspecified uses.
  
  Section::::Operation.
   "The Mist" was screened at the film festival ShowEast on October 18, 2007, at which director Frank Darabont received the Kodak Award for Excellence in Filmmaking for his previous works "The Shawshank Redemption" and "The Green Mile".
  
  Section::::Release.:Critical reception.
   The international definition of fog is a visibility of less than ; mist is a visibility of between and and haze from to . Fog and mist are generally assumed to be composed principally of water droplets, haze and smoke can be of smaller particle size; this has implications for sensors such as Thermal Imagers (TI/FLIR) operating in the far-IR at wavelengths of about 10 μm which are better able to penetrate haze and some smokes because their particle size is smaller than the wavelength; the IR radiation is therefore not significantly deflected or absorbed by the particles. 
   Mist (comics)
  
  The Mist is the name of different DC Comics supervillains, archenemies of the original and 1990s Starman.
  
  Kyle Nimbus made his live appearance on the first season of "The Flash" played by Anthony Carrigan.
  
  Section::::Publication history.
  
  The Kyle Nimbus version of Mist first appears in "Adventure Comics" #67 and was created by Gardner Fox.
  
  The Nash Nimbus version of Mist first appears in "Starman" Vol. 2 #0 and was created by James Robinson and Tony Harris.
  
  Section::::Fictional character biography.
  
  Section::::Fictional character biography.:Kyle Nimbus.
   Sea fog (also known as "haar" or "fret") is heavily influenced by the presence of sea spray and microscopic airborne salt crystals. Clouds of all types require minute hygroscopic particles upon which water vapor can condense. Over the ocean surface, the most common particles are salt from salt spray produced by breaking waves. Except in areas of storminess, the most common areas of breaking waves are located near coastlines, hence the greatest densities of airborne salt particles are there.
   Since the efficiency of the plant is fundamentally limited by the ratio of the absolute temperatures of the steam at turbine input and output, efficiency improvements require use of higher temperature, and therefore higher pressure, steam. Historically, other working fluids such as mercury have been experimentally used in a mercury vapour turbine power plant, since these can attain higher temperatures than water at lower working pressures. However, poor heat transfer properties and the obvious hazard of toxicity have ruled out mercury as a working fluid.
  
  Section::::Steam plant.
  
  Section::::Steam plant.:Condenser.
   Mist (disambiguation)
  
  Mist is a weather phenomenon similar to fog.
  
  Mist, MIST or The Mist may also refer to:
  
  Section::::Education.
  
  BULLET::::- Masdar Institute of Science and Technology, an ecologically-focused university in Masdar City, UAE
  
  BULLET::::- Mbeya Institute of Science and Technology, Tanzania
  
  BULLET::::- Military Institute of Science and Technology, an engineering institute in Bangladesh
  
  Section::::Fiction.
  
  BULLET::::- "Mist" (novel), a 1914 novel by Spanish author Miguel de Unamuno
  
  BULLET::::- "The Mist" (novella), a 1980 horror novella by American author Stephen King
  
  BULLET::::- Mist (Guardians of Ga'Hoole), fantasy book series
  
  BULLET::::- Mist (comics), a supervillain of "Starman" comics
   BULLET::::- A vacuum pump maintains a pressure of at the base of the structure.
  
  BULLET::::- The cold water jets create a lower pressure of mid way up the structure.
  
  BULLET::::- Input water is filtered and de-aerated to remove gases in order to improve boiling performance.
  
  BULLET::::- Mist droplets in the range of 200 micrometres can be lifted up to 50 meters by their own vapor generated from flashing.
  
  Section::::Design issues.
   BULLET::::- If the turbine occurs in the process after the water is mist lifted, there can be a large number of micro bubbles which could cause excessive cavitation of the turbine rotor.
   As in other open cycle OTEC schemes, the technique involves boiling seawater under low atmospheric pressure. The scheme can take many forms so for illustration a particular form will be described and a section below will list details of alternate forms. 
   The Mist (film)
  
  The Mist (also known as Stephen King's The Mist) is a 2007 American science fiction horror film based on the 1980 novella "The Mist" by Stephen King. The film was written and directed by Frank Darabont. Darabont had been interested in adapting "The Mist" for the big screen since the 1980s. The film features an ensemble cast including Thomas Jane, Marcia Gay Harden, Samuel Witwer, Toby Jones, and future "The Walking Dead" actors Jeffrey DeMunn, Laurie Holden, Melissa McBride, and Juan Gabriel Pareja.
   The first climate cycle comprises a continuous indirect spray of neutral (pH 6.5 to 7.2) salt water/synthetic seawater solution, which falls-out on to the specimens at a rate of 1.0 to 2.0ml/80 cm²/hour. During this spraying, the chamber is dosed with SO2 gas at a rate of 35 cm³/minute/m³ of chamber volume, for 1 hour in every 6 hours of spraying. The entire test cycle is at a constant chamber temperature of +35C. The number of cycle repeats and therefore the test duration is variable.
  
presuppositions: Salt mist and water vapor enter air the same way. If salt mist contains salt, then water vapor should also contain salt.
corrections: Salt mist is splashed into the air, while water vapor comes from evaporation.  Water vapor does not contain salt because it does not come from the sea, whilst salt mist does, which consists of everything within the sea including it's salts.
raw_presuppositions: Salt mist and water vapor enter air the same way. If salt mist contains salt, then water vapor should also contain salt. Salt mist enters the air by a similar process to boiled water vapor.
raw_corrections: Salt mist is splashed into the air, while water vapor comes from evaporation.  Water vapor does not contain salt because it does not come from the sea, whilst salt mist does, which consists of everything within the sea including it's salts. Salt mist is splashed into the air and therefore contains all the particles it contained in the sea.