question: Why does the urge to pee increase when we hear running water?
comment: Because of conditioning. Every time we urinate we hear a similar sound, so our subconscious mind comes to associate that sound with peeing. If you want to learn more about this concept google “classical conditioning”
passages: While not well studied, the Rakali (Australian water rat) may also be able to detect water movements with its vibrissae as these have a large amount of innervation, though further behavioral studies are needed to confirm this.
  
  While tying the presence of whiskers to hydrodynamic reception has allowed the list of mammals with this special sense to grow, more research still needs to be done on the specific neural circuits involved.
   Urininary urgency may be as a result of anxiety or in some cases extended sexual arousal. When a human male is attracted to a mate, there is an autonomic nervous system response, and the body is therefore not entirely under conscious control, with many hormones including norepinephrine being released in the parasympathetic system in a cascade of ways designed by genetics to make the male more likely to breed. Specifically, the release of norepinephrine will lead to sweaty palms, inability to find words, rough and lowered voice, increased need to blink and urinary urgency. 
   BULLET::::- "Acoustics Unpacked" A great reference for freshwater hydroacoustics for resource assessment
  
  BULLET::::- Inter-Calibration of Scientific Echosounders in the Great Lakes
  
  BULLET::::- Hydroacoustic Evaluation of Spawning Red Hind Aggregations Along the Coast of Puerto Rico in 2002 and 2003
  
  BULLET::::- Feasibility Assessment of Split-Beam Hydroacoustic Techniques for Monitoring Adult Shortnose Sturgeon in the Delaware River
  
  BULLET::::- Categorising Salmon Migration Behaviour Using Characteristics of Split-beam Acoustic Data
  
  BULLET::::- Evaluation of Methods to Estimate Lake Herring Spawner Abundance in Lake Superior
  
  BULLET::::- Estimating Sockeye Salmon Smolt Flux and Abundance with Side-Looking Sonar
  
  BULLET::::- Herring Research: Using Acoustics to Count Fish.
   Predators on drum include humans and other fish. During its first year, the freshwater drum serves as a forage fish for many species of predatory fish. These include smallmouth bass, walleye, and many other piscivores. After its first year, the primary predators on freshwater drum are humans. The drum is an important commercial crop on the Mississippi River, but in other areas it constitutes only a small portion of the commercial catch. Consistent with other Sciaenids, freshwater drum are strongly nocturnal with the bulk of most catches being derived from night angling/sampling. Commercial fisheries are present for this species, although market price tends to be quite low. Thus, many freshwater drum are harvested as bycatch from targeted higher-value species.
   Section::::Related publications.
  
  BULLET::::- Quality assurance of hydroacoustic surveys: the repeatability of fish-abundance and biomass estimates in lakes within and between hydroacoustic systems (free link to document)
  
  BULLET::::- Hydroacoustics as a tool for assessing fish biomass and size distribution associated with discrete shallow water estuarine habitats in Louisiana
  
  BULLET::::- Acoustic assessment of squid stocks
   Section::::Legislation.
  
  GAMA was built on current legislation which consists of six bills and one proposition.
  
  Section::::Legislation.:The 1999 Budget Act.
   A performance of "Water Music" plays a major role in the movie "The Madness of King George", in which King George III exhibits very erratic and inappropriate behavior at a concert, yelling at the orchestra to play louder (and eventually taking the place of the harpsichordist, playing very badly), culminating in a physical altercation with the Prince of Wales, leading to the Prince of Wales asking to be named Regent.
  
  Section::::Recordings.
   Barking Water
  
  Barking Water is a 2009 independent feature film written and directed by Sterlin Harjo that premiered at the 2009 Sundance Film Festival. Harjo's second feature film, it stars Richard Ray Whitman, Casey Camp-Horinek, Jon Proudstar, Aaron Riggs, Laura Spencer, Quese iMC, Ryan Red Corn, and Beau Harjo.
  
  The film portrays a road trip by a dying man and his former lover across Oklahoma to visit friends and family, including his daughter and granddaughter in Wewoka, the capital of the Seminole Nation.
   Section::::Characterisation.:Ground-waters.
  
  Ground waters by their very nature are often very difficult to access to take a sample. As a consequence the majority of ground-water data comes from samples taken from springs, wells, water supply bore-holes and in natural caves. In recent decades as the need to understand ground water dynamics has increased, an increasing number or monitoring bore-holes have been drilled into aquifers
  
  Section::::Characterisation.:Lakes.
  
  "see also Limnology"
   BULLET::::- 2011 "Rango" - performed by Hank Williams. Set in an Old West town populated by animals that are suffering from drought. Every Wednesday, the townspeople perform a ritual they believe will return water to their town, during which the song plays over a PA system.
  
  BULLET::::- 2014 "Lost River" - sung by Ben Mendelsohn with music by Johnny Jewel
  
  BULLET::::- 2018 "The Ballad of Buster Scruggs" - sung by Tim Blake Nelson
  
  Section::::Other artists.
   BULLET::::- Bat echolocation – nocturnal flight navigation and prey capture; location of objects using echo returns of its own call
  
  BULLET::::- Oscine bird song – zebra finch ("Taeniopygia guttata"), canary ("Serinus canaria") and white-crowned sparrow ("Zonotrichia leucophrys"); song learning as a model for human speech development
  
  BULLET::::- Electric fish – navigation, communication, Jamming Avoidance Response (JAR), corollary discharge, expectation generators, and spike timing dependent plasticity
  
  BULLET::::- Barn owl auditory spatial map – nocturnal prey location and capture
   Hydrodynamic stimuli also function in exploration of the environment. For example, blind cave fish create disturbances in the water and use distortions of this self-generated field to complete spatial tasks, such as avoiding surrounding obstacles.
  
  Section::::Overview of hydrodynamic stimuli.:Visualizing hydrodynamic stimuli.
   On August 9, 1974, composer Charlie Morrow performed a concert for fish using what he understood to be decoded toadfish language, similar to his decoded field peeper language. Morrow observed that choruses of multiple toadfish shift leadership based on call and response by strong individuals. He notated the patterns for human performance, in one version numbering each individual for identification and spatial location. The night before, Richard Nixon resigned as U.S. president. Major media covered the concert. New York Times music critic, John Rockwell, wrote a review with the headline, "Fish Silent".
  
  Section::::Brain-behavior relationship.
   Consider the two signals shown in the lower portion of figure 2.
  
  There appears to be a close relationship between the ocean surface water levels and the groundwater well levels. It is also clear that the barometric pressure has an effect on both the ocean water levels and groundwater levels.
   Section::::Commercial performance.
   BULLET::::- "'Curious George,' and other stories about Curious George" (Caedmon, TC 1420; 1973) – read by Julie Harris; background music composed and conducted by Ed Summerlin.
  
  BULLET::::- "'Curious George Reads the Alphabet,' and other stories about Curious George" (Caedmon, TC 1421; 1973) – read by Julie Harris; music composed and conducted by Ed Summerlin.
  
  BULLET::::- "Whoever heard of a Fird?" (Caedmon, TC 1735; 1984) – Othello Bach story performed by Joel Grey; arranged and conducted by Ed Summerlin.
  
  With The Rock Generation
  
  BULLET::::- "Saturday in the Park and Other Songs Made Famous by Chicago" (RCA Camden, 1973)
   From 1977 to 1996, Walt Disney World featured movements from both installments of "Water Music" as the background music for the Electrical Water Pageant, a parade of sea creatures lit up with electric lights off the coast of the Magic Kingdom.
   BULLET::::7. "You Left The Water Running" — Booker T & The MG's (1965)
  
  BULLET::::8. "Pouring Water On A Drowning Man" — James Carr (1966)
  
  BULLET::::9. Cold Dark Waters — Porter Wagoner & The Wagonmasters (1962)
  
  BULLET::::10. I’d Rather Drink Muddy Water — The Cats and The Fiddle (1940)
  
  BULLET::::11. Louisiana 1927 — Randy Newman (1974)
  
  BULLET::::12. Cool Drink Of Water Blues — Tommy Johnson (1929)
  
  BULLET::::13. I Asked For Water, She Brought Me Gasoline — Howlin’ Wolf (1956)
  
  BULLET::::14. Dirty Water — The Standells (1966)
  
  BULLET::::15. Jesus Gave Me Water — The Five Blind Boys of Mississippi (1950)
   BULLET::::- Offs – "Hundred Dollar Limo", "Die Babylon", "I've Got the Handle" (Offs were: Don Vinyl, Billy Hawk, Bob Roberts now of Spotlight Tattoo in Los Angeles, Bob Steeler and Denny Boredom who also played with Hot Tuna)
  
  BULLET::::- Pink Section – "Jane Blank", Francine's List" & "Been In The Basement 30 Years"
  
  BULLET::::- Tuxedomoon – "19th Nervous Breakdown", courtesy of The Rolling Stones and "Heaven" from the film "Eraserhead"
  
  BULLET::::- KGB – "Dying in the USA" & "Picture Frame Seduction"
   The waterphone is used to great effect in Howard Goodall's "The Dreaming", a musical commissioned by The National Youth Music Theatre of Great Britain, based on Shakespeare's "A Midsummer Night's Dream". Goodall uses its ethereal sounds to evoke the mystery of the woods. In Derek Bourgeois' Symphony No 59 - Percussion symphony, which requires 16 percussion players there is a very prominent part for Waterphone.
   Section::::Reproduction.
  
  After heavy rains, males congregate in areas with small, temporary water holes. Males have three types of advertisement calls: a long, pulsated, duck-like "qua", a short pulsed note, and a short "tok" note; the latter two are emitted when other calling males are present.
   The call of these frog is a series of harsh nasal "kwe-kwe" or "wah-wah-wah" clucks, repeated at the rate of two per second, much like the quacking of the Egyptian Goose. Males call from concealed positions in grass tussocks at the edge of water on shores of marshes and pans or even several metres away from water. Until vegetation establishes itself after winter, males may call along the water’s edge in completely exposed positions. Calling peakings after dark till about midnight.
  
  Section::::Habitat.
   There are many recordings. The "Music for the Royal Fireworks" (1749), composed 32 years later for another outdoor performance (this time, for George II of Great Britain for the fireworks in London's Green Park, on 27 April 1749), has often been paired with the "Water Music" on recordings.
   "Music from The Body" is the biomusic soundtrack album to Roy Battersby's 1970 documentary film "The Body", about human biology, narrated by Vanessa Redgrave and Frank Finlay. The music was composed and performed in collaboration between Pink Floyd member Roger Waters and Ron Geesin, and uses sounds made by the human body (slaps, breathing, laughing, whispering, farts, etc.) in addition to more traditional guitar, piano and stringed instruments.
   In 1973, during his years working at the Interlochen Arts Academy, Interlochen, Michigan, Hilliard was encouraged by Thor Johnson, then conductor of the Nashville Symphony, by his requesting him to compose a work for the Interlochen Arts Academy Orchestra. This was Hilliard's "The Grand Traverse: Concerto for Trumpet and Orchestra", which was premiered at Interlochen's Corson Auditorium by the orchestra in 1975 with Byron Hanson conducting and John Lindenau on solo trumpet.
  