question: How do bike/car stuntmen learn to do it without dying?
comment: Firstly, they can practice with safety equipment. You can have mats and nets and other things to soften the landing of a failed attempt. Also, they start with smaller, safer types of tricks and work their way up. Lastly, failing isn't necessarily a death sentence. Just broken bones and stuff. So they try - and fail - without dying, but not without injury. Evel Kinevel is reputed as having broken every bone in his body.
passages: Performers of vehicular stunts require extensive training and may employ specially adapted vehicles. Stunts can be as simple as a handbrake turn, also known as the bootleg turn, or as advanced as car chases, jumps and crashes involving dozens of vehicles. Rémy Julienne is a well known pioneering automotive stunt performer and coordinator. Another well known vehicular stunt specialist is Englishman Ian Walton, who was the helicopter stunt pilot and stunt designer for many 1980s films, notably the Bond film "Never Say Never Again". A Guinness Book of World Records holder stunt driver, Bobby Ore, performed in numerous movies and events and holds a World Record for longest distance driven on two wheels in a London double decker bus (810 feet). Streetbike stunts, also known as "stunting" gained widespread popularity in the early 2000s and continues to grow. It is based on wheelies but now goes much further than that.
   Despite the reliance on flying stunts and their inherent danger, the one near-tragedy occurred on the ground when a stunt went wrong. Stuntman Ken Buckle inadvertently turned the throttle to full on a runaway motorbike and sidecar, launching himself through the retaining wall on the sloped Brookley racing track and crashing into the adjoining cesspool, off-camera. Thinking quickly, the special effects man on the other side of the wall saw the motorbike hurtling towards him and set off the accompanying explosion, creating a realistic waterspout. Lucky to escape with only facial bruises and a dislocated collarbone, as he struggled to his feet, Buckle apologised for having messed up, but the shot "was in the can".
   BULLET::::- Royal Signals Motorcycle Display Team, "The White Helmets" — a British military team started in the 1920s and also known as the White Helmets since 1963
  
  BULLET::::- Eddie Kidd, OBE (born 22 June 1959). Former British stunt rider.
  
  BULLET::::- Evel Knievel, (Robert Craig Knievel Jr.) was an American stunt performer who attempted more than 75 ramp-to-ramp motorcycle jumps and was inducted into the Motorcycle Hall of Fame in 1999
  
  BULLET::::- Robbie Knievel an American daredevil and son of stunt performer Evel Knievel. Robbie has completed over 350 jumps, setting 20 world records.
   Section::::A horse named Coco.
  
  Williams was inspired by his father, George Williams, a Montana cowboy who could train a horse to fall on cue. Jack recalled, "There was probably no feat I could have imagined that was as fascinating as that. So I took the technique and perfected it."
   Rob Herring
  
  Rob Herring is an English former professional motocross racer and current film industry stuntman.
   Motorcycle stunt riding
  
  Motorcycle stunt riding, often referred to as stunting, is a motorcycle sport characterized by stunts involving acrobatic maneuvering of the motorcycle and sometimes the rider. Common maneuvers in stunt riding include wheelies, stoppies, and burnouts. Sport bikes have become a common vehicle for stunts.
  
  Section::::Stunters.
  
  Stunters are a controversial subculture of motorcycling. "Stunters" perform motorcycle stunts on motor bikes, both on public roads and in private venues. Some stunters have organized commercial teams.
  
  Section::::History.
   BULLET::::- Stunt driving instructor and professional stuntman - Karl Van Moorsel
  
  BULLET::::- Australian Superdrift champion - Travis Roberts
  
  BULLET::::- International stuntman - Mark Tearle
  
  BULLET::::- Stuntrider - Ben Siemer
  
  Section::::Hollywood Stunt Driver (2008–2013).:Cars.
  
  To create the show Warner Bros. Movie World purchased a fleet of Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution Xs. One of the cars has had its shell removed and now exists on a specially designed rig that simulates the car flying across the rooftops of buildings. A second car has also had its shell modified to sit on reverse to display the effect of a backwards driving car.
   Section::::Before IFHT.
  
  Prior to the founding of IFHT, friends Matt Dennison and Jason Lucas had been creating mountain biking videos since childhood, the pair both having shown a passion for filmmaking from a young age.
  
  Section::::Matt Dennison.
  
  Dennison's passion for filmmaking started at a young age, making mountain biking videos. Like a samurai warrior, Dennison wields the lens like a mighty katana, eviscerating the competition with deadly discipline. The only thing Dennison does better than making films is busting gnarly tailwhips on his razor scooter.
  
  Section::::Jason Lucas.
   In the 1990s some riders made performing stunts the primary focus of their riding. A wheelie or other stunt was not just something to do while riding, it became the main goal in riding.
  
  Section::::Equipment.
  
  Stunters will modify their motorcycles to better adapt them to the sport. Stunting equipment includes:
   BULLET::::- Two Tornados Irene and Rolf Stey are members of an old Swiss circus family who did a knife act between 1965 and 1985 and made various television appearances, including a performance at the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo. They are one of only two acts other than Elizabeth and Collins to have done the simultaneous combination of throwing from a tightrope and the wheel of death.
   Von Planta would often ride far ahead of the other two in order to film them going past, or trail behind getting the shots he wanted. He suffered a couple of bad falls on the journey. At one point in Mongolia his bike took such a battering it had to be sent ahead for repairs and a replacement bike was purchased by McGregor and Boorman.
   Section::::Similar stunt shows.
   Section::::Stunt work.:Accident.
   BULLET::::- Motobirds, the UK's first all-women motorcycle stunt display group, formed in 1972
  
  BULLET::::- Dave McKenna (stunt rider), Australia's number one Freestyle Street Bike Stunt Rider since 2011
  
  Section::::Notable performers.:Cytrix display team.
   Section::::History.:Action movies.
   Steve Dent
  
  Steve Dent is a stunt coordinator in the United Kingdom.
  
  Along with his wife and four children, Dent runs an international business with over 30 years’ experience as stunt coordinators and horse masters for both the film and TV industry. Dent has worked on over 350 projects such as "Gladiator (2000 film)", "Robin Hood", "Sleepy Hollow", "Spy Game", "", "Snow White and the Huntsman" and "War Horse".
  
  Section::::Filmography.
  
  BULLET::::- "Jack the Giant Slayer" (2013) - Stunt Coordinator, Horse Master
  
  BULLET::::- "Snow White and the Huntsman" (2012) - Stunt Coordinator, Horse Master
   Section::::Hollywood Stunt Driver (2008–2013).:Plot.:Scene 1.
   Section::::Hollywood Stunt Driver (2008–2013).:Plot.:Introduction.
   Some people, such as Buster Keaton, Harry Houdini, Jackie Chan, Akshay Kumar, Pawan Kalyan, Tony Jaa, and Jayan, act as both stunt performers and daredevils at various parts of their career.
  
  Section::::History.
  
  Section::::History.:Cascadeur.
  
  The earliest stunt performers were travelling entertainers and circus performers, particularly trained gymnasts and acrobats. The origin of the original name, the French language word "cascadeur", may have been derived from the requirement to fall in a sequence of movements during a scene or stunt involving water ("Cascade" is the French language term for waterfall)
   Premiere Scene interviewed James Bamford about stunt coordination at the London Film and Comic Con.
  
  James Bamford was a presenter at the Leo Awards in 2012.
  
  Next Level Radio interviewed James Bamford, where he says that "a stunt performer has a 100% likelihood of being injured."
  
  James Bamford was voted by the public to be photographed as part of a collaborative Calotype photography exhibition called Vancouver Creatives by VNB, comprising portraits of 22 creative Vancouverites. The magazine "Vancouver is Awesome" was one of the sponsors of the exhibition.
   All the cars, while they appear simple, are reinforced with rally car roll cages for driver safety and powered by 1400 cc motorcycle engines mounted directly behind the driver's seat. The cars have four forward and four reverse gears, allowing them to be driven backwards at high speed.
   Section::::Hollywood Stunt Driver (2008–2013).:Plot.:Scene 2.
   Actor Stephen Amell learned parkour at Tempest Academy in preparation for his role as Oliver Queen in the television series "Arrow", and co-star Caity Lotz is also a practitioner.
   George Hamilton was writing a story about a bronc rider who became a motorcycle rider. While preparing to film it, he interviewed various stunt men for the lead role and heard about Knievel. He visited the stuntman in a San Francisco hospital and found him more fascinating than what he was writing. In 1970, Hamilton stated that:
   In the 1960s, modern stunt technology was developed, including air rams, air bags, and bullet squibs. Dar Robinson invented the decelerator during this period, which used dragline cables rather than airbags for stunts that called for a jump from high places. The co-development of this technology and professional performance training continues to evolve to the present, brought about through the need to not only create more visual impact on screen in the modern action movie era. It also provides a safe platform to a new breed of trained professional stunt performers, including Bill Hickman, Terry Richards, and motorcycle greats Bud Ekins and Evel Knievel. These new professionals were not only driven to create visual impact, but also perform seemingly impossible feats in a safe and repeatable manner. Latterly came the fast action Martial arts movies as a distinct genre, originating for western consumption mainly from Hong Kong from the 1940s, choreographed and later acted in by stunt performers turned stars including Bruce Lee and Sonny Chiba from the 1960s, Kent Norman "Superkentman" Elofson, and latterly Jackie Chan.
  
raw_presuppositions: Bike and car stuntmen would die if they failed at their stunts.
raw_corrections: Bike and car stuntmen would just get injured if they failed at their stunts.