question: How do facial oil absorbing sheets work?
comment: Not sure but - I believe it’s made out of a natural fibre that absorbs oil - much like sponges and water. I think this because it’s the same reason hair becomes greasy - it’s great at absorbing oils. In fact there was a campaign to donate hair to some charity or something to help mass oil spills in the ocean. It’s pretty interesting but I don’t know the exact reason. It might have something to do with that the fibres they are made from grow/synthesised from materials with either high levels of oils or have the tendency to attract oil. Hope it helps?
passages: Bronaugh cells are similar to Franz cells but use a flow-through system beneath the membrane layer and samples of the liquid below are taken continuously rather than at set time points. Bronaugh cells have been replaced with inline cells by some manufacturers.
  
  Section::::Measurement of skin absorption.:Indirect measurement.
   The "MythBusters" tested myths about the toughness of spray-on truck bedliner resin in 2011 and confirmed it to be an adequate protection against dents in minor crashes (applied on a car), dog bites (applied on a jacket) and explosive blasts (applied on a wooden or brick wall).
  
  Section::::Polyurethane spray bedliners.
   For controlling primary efflorescence, formulations containing liquid fatty acid mixtures (e.g., oleic acid and linoleic acid) have commonly been used. The oily liquid admixture is introduced into the batch mix at an early stage by coating onto the sand particles prior to the introduction of any mix water, so that the oily admixture is distributed uniformly throughout the concrete batch mix.
  
  Section::::Masonry.:Secondary efflorescence.
   BULLET::::- Water-based transfer-resistant follows the same formulation as oil-free but uses a film former or polymer instead of (or in addition to) the clay to achieve a matte finish that resists being rubbed off. Transfer-resistant make-up was launched in 1993 by Revlon-owned Ultima II with "Lipsexxxy", the first lip-colour that included film former to prevent rubbing off. By 1996, "WonderWear" foundation and Revlon "Colorstay" had been launched, using the same technology as the lipsticks. Transfer-resistant (sometimes called "transfer-proof") makeup will last on very oily skin, skin that perspires heavily, or in humid climates longer than any other type of foundation, though it is even more difficult to apply than oil-free makeup. The thick texture dries almost instantly and requires a fair amount of experimentation to master. The most modern versions (such as "Revlon Colorstay SoftFlex") have made marked improvements over predecessors in that regard.
   Section::::Influence of surface passivation on biocompatibility.
   Section::::Use.
  
  The use of this type of oil is in the process of being phased-in by manufacturers who use compressors in their products. The need to replace the old oils has arisen due to environmental restrictions causing incompatibility of the old oils with the new refrigerants. POE oils are very good solvents and easily dissolve most of the residual mineral oils that they may be replacing. So even though small amounts of the old oil may remain, it won't clog the system. 
  
  Polyolester oil is used exclusively in jet turbine engines and often used in moving picture film cameras.
   Several companies have created viscoelastic polymer compounds capable of a very high degree of energy/force dissipation as a result of shock, vibration, or g-force side loading. The material, and padding made from it, derives its superior energy adsorbing behavior from the unique physical properties of the viscoelastic compound.  The bulk of the compound is composed of a high molecular weight, highly viscous, highly elastic polymer fluid.  The fluid is then compounded with rheological modifiers and other fillers to control the physical and rheological properties of the finished padding compound.  Zoombang is one example of a polymer compound trauma pad (ZB-7 Trauma Pad).
   BULLET::::- Facial masks are treatments applied to the skin and then removed. Typically, they are applied to a dry, cleansed face, avoiding the eyes and lips.
  
  BULLET::::- Clay-based masks use kaolin clay or fuller's earth to transport essential oils and chemicals to the skin, and are typically left on until completely dry. As the clay dries, it absorbs excess oil and dirt from the surface of the skin and may help to clear blocked pores or draw comedones to the surface. Because of its drying actions, clay-based masks should only be used on oily skins.
   A number of types of laser treatments have been used in melasma with some evidence of benefit. Reoccurence however is common and certain types of lasers can result in more pigmentation.
  
  Section::::Uses.:Mercury.
  
  Many skin whiteners contain a form of toxic mercury as the active ingredient. Their use however may harm a person's health and are illegal in many countries. In 2016 Viansilk's "Crema Piel De Seda" (Silky Skin Cream), in the United States was found to contain mercury.
  
  Section::::Mechanisms of action.
   Adapalene
  
  Adapalene is a third-generation topical retinoid primarily used in the treatment of mild-moderate acne, and is also used off-label to treat keratosis pilaris as well as other skin conditions. It is effective against acne conditions where comedones are predominant.
  
  Section::::Medical uses.
   Section::::Optical properties.
   Section::::Characteristics.
   Most of Fjällräven's products are made from its G-1000 material. This is 65% polyester and 35% cotton. It comes in various types: Original, Silent, Lite and HeavyDuty, each with slightly different properties. G-1000 can be waxed with Fjällräven’s Greenland Wax, which can be impregnated with heat applied from a hairdryer, iron or campfire. This affects the water resistance and breathability of the item. Some products come pre-waxed. The process is similar to that of Belstaff wax jackets.
  
  Section::::Products.:Termo tents.
   Petroleum jelly can be used to reduce the friction between skin and clothing during various sport activities, for example to prevent chafing of the seat region of cyclists or the nipples of long distance runners wearing loose T-shirts, and is commonly used in the crotch area of wrestlers and footballers.
   Section::::Overview of common passivation methods.:Coatings.
   Absorption of adapalene through the skin is low. A study with six acne patients treated once daily for five days with two grams of adapalene cream applied to 1000 cm² of skin found no quantifiable amounts, or less than 0.35 ng/mL of the drug, in the patients' blood plasma.
  
  Section::::Pharmacology.:Pharmacodynamics.
   Section::::Flexible and stretchy electronic skin.
   Applications for flexible polyurethane foam include upholstered furniture cushions, automotive seat cushions and interior trim, carpet cushion, and mattress padding and solid-core mattress cores.
  
  Flexible polyurethane foam is a recyclable product.
  
  Section::::Automobile seats.
  
  Flexible and semi-flexible polyurethane foams are used extensively for interior components of automobiles, in seats, headrests, armrests, roof liners, dashboards and instrument panels.
   One of the first uses for NOPs (other than castor oil) was to make spray-on polyurethane foam insulation for buildings.
  
  NOPs are also finding use in polyurethane slab foam used to make conventional mattresses as well as memory foam mattresses.
   Recent studies have started to question the nature of the microcapsules’ shells and their toxicity impact or possible allergy reactions on humans. Because shell residues and excessive irregular amounts of substance are left on the skin surface after liberation, micro-encapsulation is more and more preferred for applications that are not in direct contact with human body, while the dermotextile technology, using natural based micro-particles as cosmetic carriers instead of microcapsules, is slowly taking over the skincare field.
   Section::::Hierarchical structure.:Nacre.:The nanoscale.
  
  The 30 nm thick interface between the tablets that connects them together and the aragonite grains detected by scanning electron microscopy from which the tablets themselves are made of together represent another structural level. The organic material “gluing” the tablets together is made of proteins and chitin.
   Section::::Other applications.
  
  Only two types of coatings are mentioned so far but additives can be added to coatings to provide different characteristics, Although this is about Truck Bedliners, the protective coatings can be applied in many other environments have a variety of needs and purposes besides a simple truck bedliner.
   BULLET::::2. Viral infection
  
  Section::::Pathogenesis.
  
  Oral LP is considered to be a T-cell mediated chronic inflammatory tissue reaction that results in a cytotoxic reaction against epithelial basal cells. The inflammatory infiltrate in oral LP is primarily composed of CD8+ T cells. A potential pathway for CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity in oral LP is described as follows:
  
  Antigens presented on MHC 1 molecules activates CD8+ T cells on keratinocytes or by encounters with activated CD4+ helper T cells or cytokines produced by activated CD4+ helper T cells
   Ensulizole (INN; also known as phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid) is a common sunscreen agent. In 1999, the United States Food and Drug Administration regulated that the name ensulizole be used on sunscreen labels in the United States. Ensulizole is primarily a UVB protecting agent providing only minimal UVA protection. The scope of UVB is 290 to 340 nanometers whereas the UVA range is 320 to 400 nanometers. For better UVA protection, it must be paired with avobenzone, titanium dioxide, or zinc oxide; outside of the United States it can also be paired with a UV absorber of the Tinosorb or Mexoryl types. Because ensulizole is water-soluble, it has the characteristic of feeling lighter on skin. As such, it is often used in sunscreen lotions or moisturizers whose aesthetic goal is a non-greasy finish. The free acid is poorly soluble in water, so it is only used as its soluble salts.
   Section::::Future.
  
  A new process to break down polyethylene, a common plastic product found in many consumer containers, is used to make a paraffin-like wax with the correct molecular properties for conversion into a lubricant, bypassing the expensive Fischer–Tropsch process. The plastic is melted and then pumped into a furnace. The heat of the furnace breaks down the molecular chains of polyethylene into wax. Finally, the wax is subjected to a catalytic process that alters the wax's molecular structure, leaving a clear oil.
  