question: Why does the nose get 'runny' when you cry?
comment: Because where your tears normally come out from is one of the locations that tears are released some of your tears are released through your nose which in turn makes it runny
passages: Section::::Causes.:Lacrimation.
  
  Rhinorrhea is also associated with shedding tears, whether from emotional events or from eye irritation. When excess tears are produced, the liquid drains through the inner corner of the eyelids, through the nasolacrimal duct, and into the nasal cavities. As more tears are shed, more liquid flows into the nasal cavities, both stimulating mucus production and hydrating any dry mucus already present in the nasal cavity. The buildup of fluid is usually resolved via mucus expulsion through the nostrils.
  
  Section::::Causes.:Head trauma.
   Excessive moisture as tears collected in the lacrimal sac travel down the nasolacrimal ducts where they drain into the inferior meatus in the nasal cavity.
  
  Section::::Structure.:Nose shape.
  
  The shape of the nose varies widely due to differences in the nasal bone shapes and formation of the bridge of the nose. Some nose shapes were classified for surgeries by Eden Warwick in "Nasology" 1848:
   The lacrimal system is made up of a secretory system, which produces tears, and an excretory system, which drains the tears. The lacrimal gland is primarily responsible for producing emotional or reflexive tears. As tears are produced, some fluid evaporates between blinks, and some is drained through the lacrimal punctum. The tears that are drained through the punctum will eventually be drained through the nose. Any excess fluid that did not go into the punctum will fall over the eyelid, which produces tears that are cried.
  
  Section::::Disorders related to crying.
   Nasolacrimal duct
  
  The nasolacrimal duct (also called the tear duct) carries tears from the lacrimal sac of the eye into the nasal cavity. The duct begins in the eye socket between the maxillary and lacrimal bones, from where it passes downwards and backwards. The opening of the nasolacrimal duct into the inferior nasal meatus of the nasal cavity is partially covered by a mucosal fold (valve of Hasner or "plica lacrimalis"). Excess tears flow through nasolacrimal duct which drains into the inferior nasal meatus.
   Section::::Diagnosis.
  
  Choanal atresia can be suspected if it is impossible to insert a nasal catheter.
  
  Also, if one notices a continuous stream of mucus draining from one or both nostrils, it could be a sign of an atresia. Another common sign is cyanosis in an infant while breast feeding, as breathing is dependent on nasal patency in this situation.
  
  Diagnosis is confirmed by radiological imaging, usually CT scan.
  
  Section::::Treatment.
   "Crocodile tears syndrome", also known as Bogorad's syndrome, is an uncommon consequence of nerve regeneration subsequent to Bell's palsy or other damage to the facial nerve in which efferent fibres from the superior salivary nucleus become improperly connected to nerve axons projecting to the lacrimal glands, causing one to shed tears (lacrimate) during salivation while smelling foods or eating. It is presumed that this would cause salivation while crying due to the inverse improper connection of the lacrimal nucleus to the salivary glands, but this would be less noticeable.
   Section::::Critical reception.
   The nasolacrimal ducts drain the excess tears from our eyes into the nasal cavity. In dacryocystocele there this tube gets blocked on either end and as a result when mucoid fluid collects in the intermediate patent section it forms a cystic structure.
  
  Section::::Diagnosis.
  
  The diagnosis can be made prenatally; routine obstetric ultrasound can identify the characteristic hypoechoic lesion inferior and medial to the globe. It is important to distinguish a dacrocystocele from the more serious encephalocele, which is a neural tube defect.
  
  A dacryocystocele can be diagnosed postpartum with a non-invasive ultrasound (US). 
  
  Section::::Management.
   Section::::Controversy.:Lika Mutal's Response to Controversy.
   There is usually no treatment if the pyogenic granuloma occurs during pregnancy since the lesion may heal spontaneously. Recurrent bleeding in either oral or nasal lesions may necessitate excision and cauterization sooner, however. If aesthetics are a concern, then treatment may be pursued as well. Usually, only minor surgery may be needed, along with a dental cleaning for oral lesions to remove any calculus or other source of irritation. For nasal lesions, nose-picking should be discouraged.
  
  Section::::Prognosis.
   Section::::Clinical significance.:Rupture of spleen.
  
  Traumas, such as a road traffic collision, can cause rupture of the spleen, which is a situation requiring immediate medical attention.
  
  Section::::Clinical significance.:Spleen deflation.
  
  Human spleens have been noted to decrease in volume up to 40% when subjected to stimuli from strenuous exercise or hypoxic gas inhalation.
  
  Section::::Clinical significance.:Asplenia.
   Lacrimal apparatus
  
  The lacrimal apparatus is the physiological system containing the orbital structures for tear production and drainage. It consists of:
  
  BULLET::::- The lacrimal gland, which secretes the tears, and its excretory ducts, which convey the fluid to the surface of the human eye;it is a serous gland located in lacrimal fossae.it is a j shaped gland
  
  BULLET::::- The lacrimal canaliculi, the lacrimal sac, and the nasolacrimal duct, by which the fluid is conveyed into the cavity of the nose, emptying anterioinferiorly to the inferior nasal conchae from the nasolacrimal duct;
   Hair in the nostrils plays a protective role, trapping particulate matter such as dust. The cough reflex expels all irritants within the mucous membrane to the outside. The airways of the lungs contain rings of muscle. When the passageways are irritated by some allergen, these muscles can constrict.
  
  Section::::Clinical significance.
  
  The respiratory tract is a common site for infections.
  
  Section::::Clinical significance.:Infection.
  
  Upper respiratory tract infections are probably the most common infections in the world.
   BULLET::::- The implosion effect occurs when a pressure wave passes through a tissue containing bubbles of gas: the bubbles first implode, then rebound and expand beyond their original volume. The air bubbles cause many tiny explosions, resulting in tissue damage; the overexpansion of gas bubbles stretches and tears alveoli. This effect is thought to occur microscopically when the pressure in the airways increases sharply.
   BULLET::::- "What then follows is a complementary shot which renders the place from which the Absent One is looking, allocating this place to its fictional owner, one of the protagonists" (ibid).
   GERD is often associated with a high prevalence of upper respiratory symptoms similar to PNDS such as coughing, throat clearing, hoarseness and change in voice. Reflux causes throat irritation, leading to a sensation of increased mucus in the throat which is believed to aggravate and in some cases cause post-nasal drip.
  
  Post-nasal drip can be a cause of laryngeal inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, leading to symptoms of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD).
  
  Section::::Diagnosis.
   Section::::Diagnosis.
  
  No consensus criteria exist for the diagnosis of ENS; it is typically diagnosed by ruling out other conditions, with ENS remaining the likely diagnosis if the signs and symptoms are present. A "cotton test" has been proposed, in which moist cotton is held where a turbinate should be, to see if it provides relief; while this has not been validated nor is it widely accepted, it may be useful to identify which people may benefit from surgery.
   The pressure difference causes the mucosal lining of the sinuses to become swollen and submucosal bleeding follows with further difficulties ventilating the sinus, especially if the orifices are involved. Ultimately fluid or blood will fill the space.
   Increased vascular permeability causes fluid to escape from capillaries into the tissues, which leads to the classic symptoms of an allergic reaction: a runny nose and watery eyes. Allergens can bind to IgE-loaded mast cells in the nasal cavity's mucous membranes. This can lead to three clinical responses:
  
  BULLET::::1. sneezing due to histamine-associated sensory neural stimulation
  
  BULLET::::2. hyper-secretion from glandular tissue
  
  BULLET::::3. nasal congestion due to vascular engorgement associated with vasodilation and increased capillary permeability
  
  Section::::Roles in the body.:Sleep-wake regulation.
   Mucous membrane is primarily affected alongside with type I pneumocyte and the respiratory epithelium. The generation of free radicals from lipid peroxidation results in irritation of the bronchioles and alveoli that causes rapid destruction of the respiratory epithelial cells.
  
  The overall reaction results in the release of fluid that causes pulmonary edema.
   Section::::Background and release.
   BULLET::::- The "transverse part" (compressor naris) arises from the maxilla, above and lateral to the incisive fossa; its fibers proceed upward and medially, expanding into a thin aponeurosis which is continuous on the bridge of the nose with that of the muscle of the opposite side, and with the aponeurosis of the Procerus. It compresses the nostrils and may completely close them.
   Nose cancer in cats and dogs
  
  The most common type of cancers affecting the animal's nose are carcinomas and 
  
  sarcomas, both of which are locally invasive. The most common sites for metastasis are the lymph nodes and the lungs, but can also include other organs.
  
  Section::::Signs and symptoms.
  
  Signs vary but may include bleeding from the nose, nasal discharge, facial deformity from bone erosion and tumor growth, sneezing, or difficulty breathing.
  
  Section::::Diagnosis.
   Section::::Treatment and prevention.:Chemotherapy.
   If the head is placed in a downward position, the cyst will shift and liquids may come out and cause the throat to close up, which stops breathing. If this occurs press on the frontal cord in the throat with 2 fingers. Also very powerful stinging.
  
  Section::::Treatment.
  