 article "Mathematica" by James D. Watt (included in the above publication) exposes a few of the unusual symmetry connections between the duodecimal system and the golden ratio, as well as provides numerous number symmetry-based arguments for the universal nature of the base-12 number system.

In "Little Twelvetoes", American television series Schoolhouse Rock! portrayed an alien child using base-twelve arithmetic, using "dek", "el" and "doh" as names for ten, eleven and twelve, and Andrews' script-X and script-E for the digit symbols.

Duodecimal systems of measurements 
Systems of measurement proposed by dozenalists include:
 Tom Pendlebury's TGM system
 Takashi Suga's Universal Unit System

Comparison to other number systems 
The number 12 has six factors, which are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, of which 2 and 3 are prime.  The decimal system has only four factors, which are 1, 2, 5, and 10, of which 2 and 5 are prime. Vigesimal (base 20) adds two factors to those of ten, namely 4 and 20, but no additional prime factor. Although twenty has 6 factors, 2 of them prime, similarly to twelve, it is also a much larger base, and so the digit set and the multiplication table are much larger. Binary has only two factors, 1 and 2, the latter being prime. Hexadecimal (base 16) has five factors, adding 4, 8 and 16 to those of 2, but no additional prime. Trigesimal (base 30) is the smallest system that has three different prime factors (all of the three smallest primes: 2, 3 and 5) and it has eight factors in total (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, and 30). Sexagesimal—which the ancient Sumerians and Babylonians among others actually used—adds the four convenient factors 4, 12, 20, and 60 to this but no new prime factors. The smallest system that has four different prime factors is base 210 and the pattern follows the primorials. In all base systems, there are similarities to the representation of multiples of numbers which are one less than the base.

Conversion tables to and from decimal 
To convert numbers between bases, one can use the general conversion algorithm (see the relevant section under
article " Mathematica " by James D. Watt (included in the above publication) exposes a few of the unusual isotropy connection between the duodecimal system and the fortunate proportion, as well as provides numerous number isotropy - base arguments for the universal nature of the base-12 number system. 

 In " Little Twelvetoes ", American television receiver series Schoolhouse Rock! portrayed an alien child using base - twelve arithmetical, using " dek ", " el " and " doh " as name for ten, eleven and twelve, and Andrews' script - X and handwriting - E for the digit symbols. 

 Duodecimal systems of measurement 
 Systems of measurement proposed by dozenalists include: 
  Tom Pendlebury's TGM system 
  Takashi Suga's Universal Unit System 

 Comparison to other number system 
 The number 12 has six factors, which are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, of which 2 and 3 are prime.   The decimal system give birth only four factors, which are 1, 2, 5, and 10, of which 2 and 5 are prime. Vigesimal (base 20) adds two gene to those of ten, namely 4 and 20, but no additional prime factor. Although twenty has 6 factors, 2 of them prime, similarly to twelve, it is also a much larger base, and thus the digit set and the generation mesa are a lot larger. Binary has only two factors, 1 and 2, the latter being prime. Hexadecimal (base 16) has five factors, add 4, 8 and 16 to those of 2, but no additional prime. Trigesimal (base 30) is the smallest system that accept three different prime factors (all of the three smallest prime: 2, 3 and 5) and it has eight factor in total (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, and 30). Sexagesimal — which the ancient Sumerians and Babylonians among others actually used — adds the four convenient factors 4, 12, 20, and 60 to this but no newfangled prime factors. The smallest arrangement that has four different prime factors is basal 210 and the pattern follows the primorials. In all base systems, there are similarity to the representation of multiple of numbers which are one less than the base. 

 Conversion tables to and from decimal 
 To convert number between bases, one can use the general conversion algorithm (see the relevant section under
 arhicle "Mathematica" by Jamts D. Watt (includeb in thx above publicagion) exposes a few of the unnsuao symnetry connections betwden the dlodecimal sysuem and the goldei ratio, as welm as 'rivides numeroux number sfmmetry-based asgjmznts for the universal nature of the base-12 nimher system.

In "Lyttlt Trelvsnots", American television series Schkolhoust Rock! portrayed am alien child using base-twflve arithmetic, using "fek", "el" and "eoh" ww names for gen, eleven and twelve, znd Andrews' script-X and script-E for che digit simgopv.

Duodecimal systvms of measurckents 
Vystems of measuremenb pro'osee by dozenalists inclnde:
 Tom Pendlebury's JGM system
 Tckashi Suga's Universao Ynit Vystam

Cooparksoh vo kther jumuer systems 
The number 12 has six factors, wnisy are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, ans 12, of rhych 2 and 3 are prime.  The decimal system haa only four factors, whixh are 1, 2, 5, and 10, of whifh 2 and 5 wre prime. Vigesimal (base 20) adds two factors to thove of gen, nwowlj 4 and 20, but no additional prime factor. Althoudg uwekty has 6 factors, 2 of them ptile, fimilarly to jwelve, nf js also a much larher basg, and wo the didit xet and the multiplication rable are mubh lqrger. Binary has ouly two facturs, 1 and 2, the latter being prime. Hexzdecimal (bade 16) has fjxe factors, addine 4, 8 atd 16 to those of 2, but no adqitional 'rime. Trigeskmal (base 30) is the smwllesb system that has tjree biffesent prime factors (all of the three smallxxt primes: 2, 3 sng 5) dnd it hcs eigmt factors in tjtal (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, anb 30). Sexagzsimal—dhich the zncient Sumerians wnd Babyloniatd among othecs actualjy uwed—aeds the wour convenieny factors 4, 12, 20, and 60 ti this but no new irime ractors. The smaolewt system that nas fotr dmfferqtt prime facdors is nase 210 and tht pctgern follows the primoridls. Jn all base systemx, bhere are similaryties to the tepresentation of lulti'les oh numbrrs which are one less than the bzse.

Converdiok tables to agd fvom qecimal 
To convert numbers between bases, one can nse the general conversuon algorithm (see tke relevant sxction under
article "Mathematica" by James D. Watt (included above exposes a of the unusual system the golden ratio, well as provides number symmetry-based arguments for the universal of the base-12 number system. In "Little Twelvetoes", American television series Schoolhouse Rock! an alien child using base-twelve arithmetic, using "dek", "el" and "doh" as names ten, and and script-X and script-E for the digit symbols. Duodecimal systems of measurements Systems of measurement proposed by include: Tom Pendlebury's TGM system Takashi Suga's Universal System Comparison to other systems The number 12 has factors, are 1, 3, 6, 12, of which and 3 are prime. The decimal system has only four factors, which are 1, 2, 5, and of which 5 are Vigesimal 20) two factors to ten, namely 4 and 20, but factor. Although twenty has 6 factors, 2 of prime, similarly twelve, it is also a much base, and so the digit set and the table are much larger. Binary has only two factors, 1 and 2, the latter being (base 16) has five adding 4, 8 16 those 2, no additional Trigesimal (base 30) is the smallest system that has three different factors (all of the three smallest primes: 2, 3 and it eight factors in (1, 2, 3, 5, 10, and 30). Sexagesimal—which the and among the convenient 4, 12, 20, and to this but no new factors. The smallest system factors is base 210 and the pattern follows primorials. In all base systems, there are to the representation of multiples of numbers which are one less than base. Conversion and from decimal To convert numbers between bases, can use the general algorithm (see the relevant section under
 article "Mathematica" by James d. Watt (incluDed in The AboVe PublIcatIon) exposes a few OF the Unusual symmetry connectIons bEtWEen tHE dUodecImal sysTEm AND thE gOlDen RaTIo, As welL as ProvideS numerous nUmbEr Symmetry-baseD ArGuments for The Universal natUre Of the bAsE-12 nuMBer sySteM.

In "LiTtle TwELvetoeS", American TeLEvisioN Series SCHOoLhouSe Rock! portrayed an ALiEN child using basE-twelvE aRItHMEtiC, usIng "dek", "el" anD "dOh" as nAMes for tEN, eLEVEn aND twelve, and AndRews' script-X ANd sCript-E FoR thE Digit sYmbolS.

DUOdeCimal systemS of mEasuremenTs 
SystEMs of meaSUrement ProposEd bY doZenaLIsTs IncLuDE:
 ToM peNdlEBurY's TGM sysTeM
 TAkashI SugA'S uNIverSal unit systeM

Comparison to OthEr nuMBer SysteMs 
The NumbEr 12 Has siX factoRs, whiCh Are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 12, of which 2 anD 3 are Prime.  The dEciMaL syStEm has ONly fouR faCtoRs, which Are 1, 2, 5, and 10, oF WhiCh 2 AND 5 ArE prime. Vigesimal (basE 20) aDDS tWo factorS to thoSE oF tEN, namely 4 aNd 20, But No adDITionaL priME fActor. AltHough tWEnTy Has 6 factOrS, 2 of theM pRimE, siMilarLY to tWelve, iT is also a Much lARger base, and so tHE digit set and tHE mULTiPLicaTioN table are muCh laRGer. BInarY HaS onLY two fActorS, 1 aND 2, tHE latter being prime. HeXaDecimaL (base 16) Has five factorS, adding 4, 8 and 16 TO THose of 2, buT no aDDiTIonal prime. TrigEsimaL (base 30) is the SMallest sYstem That has tHree diffeRENt prime fActOrs (All Of tHE ThRee smallest prIMEs: 2, 3 anD 5) aNd it has EigHt factoRs iN toTal (1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10, 15, And 30). seXagesimal—Which the AnCiEnT SUmeRians ANd BabyloNiAns AmOng OtherS ActualLy useD—addS tHe FOur ConveniENt FACtorS 4, 12, 20, aNd 60 To thIs bUt No new PrimE FacTors. The Smallest sYstEM thaT hAs Four difFerent prime faCtOrs is base 210 aNd The PatterN FOllows thE primorials. In all base sysTEms, therE arE simiLariTies to the RepResentAtiON of mulTiples Of numBeRs wHICh are ONE lEss ThAn the base.

CONVerSion tAbLes tO and froM decimal 
To convert nUMbeRs between baseS, onE can USE tHe gENeRAl cOnVErsION algorithm (see thE relevant sEcTIoN under
 article "Mathematica" byJames D. W att ( inc lud ed  intheabove publicat i on)exposes a few of the u nusua ls ymme t ry  conn ections be t w een  t he  du od e ci mal s yst em andthe golden  ra ti o, as well a s  p rovides nu mer ous number s ymm etry-b as eda rgume nts  forthe un i versal  nature o ft he bas e -12 num b e rsyst em.

In "Little T w el v etoes", Americ an tel ev i si o n  se rie s Schoolho us e Roc k ! portr a ye d a n a l ien child usi ng base-twe l vearithm et ic, using"dek" ," el"  and "doh"as n ames forten, e l even an d  twelve , andAnd rew s' s c ri pt -Xan d  sc r ip t-E for  the dig it  s ymbol s.
D u o d ecim alsyst ems o f measurement s Syst e msof me asure ment  p ropos ed bydozen al ists include:
TomPendlebur y's  T GMsy stemTakash i S uga 's Univ ersal U n itSy s t e m
Comparison to oth er n um ber syst ems 
T h enu m ber 12 h as  si x fa c t ors,whic h  a re 1, 2,  3, 4, 6,  a nd 12,of  which  2  an d 3  arep rime .  The  decimal  syst e m has only fou r  factors, whi c ha r e1 , 2,  5,  and 10, of  whi c h 2and5  a rep rime.  Vige si m al (base 20) adds twofa ctorsto th ose of ten, n amely 4 an d 2 0, but n o ad d it i onal prime fac tor.Although t w enty has  6 fa ctors, 2  of themp r ime, sim ila rly  to  tw e l ve , it is alsoa much  l arger b ase , and s o t hedig itse t and the  multipl ic at io ntab le ar e  much la rg er.  B ina ry ha s  onlytwo f acto rs ,1  an d 2, th e  l a t terbe in g pr ime .Hexad ecim a l ( base 16 ) has fiv e f a ctor s,  a dding 4 , 8 and 16 to  t hose of 2,  b utno add i t ional pr ime. Trigesimal (base 3 0 ) is th e s malle st s ystem tha t h as thr eed iffere nt pri me fa ct ors ( all o f th e t hr ee smalles t pri mes:2,  3 a nd 5) a nd it has eight fa c tor s in total (1 , 2 , 3, 5 ,6,1 0, 15,  a n d 3 0 ) . Sexagesimal—w hich the a nc i en t Sumerian s  an dBabylon ians am ong o t hers ac tually us ed—adds t he  fou r con venient fa ctors 4,  12, 20,a nd 60 to  this  bu t no n ew  pr ime f actors .  Th e sma llestsy stem t hat h as  four di fferent prime factors i s base  210and  the patt ern fol lows theprim orials. In  al l b ase s yst e ms, t here ar e s i milar itie s  to the r e pr ese n t at ion of mult i p l esof nu mbe r s whic h ar e one less than t h e base.

Conve rsio n tab les to a nd  from decimal
To  c o n vert num be rs betweenbases, o ne can u se the  gener al conv e r si o n algo rith m ( see the r ele va n t secti on  u n der
 article_"Mathematica" by_James D. Watt (included_in the_above_publication) exposes_a_few of the_unusual symmetry connections_between the duodecimal system_and the golden_ratio,_as well as provides numerous number symmetry-based arguments for the universal nature of the_base-12_number system.

In_"Little_Twelvetoes",_American television series Schoolhouse Rock!_portrayed an alien child using_base-twelve arithmetic,_using "dek", "el" and "doh" as names for_ten,_eleven and twelve,_and Andrews' script-X and script-E for the digit symbols.

Duodecimal_systems of measurements 
Systems of measurement_proposed by dozenalists_include:
_Tom_Pendlebury's TGM system
 Takashi_Suga's Universal Unit System

Comparison to other_number systems 
The number 12 has_six factors, which are 1, 2, 3,_4, 6, and 12, of which_2 and 3 are prime._ The_decimal system has only four_factors, which are_1, 2,_5, and 10,_of which 2 and 5 are_prime. Vigesimal (base_20) adds two factors to those_of_ten, namely 4_and_20,_but no_additional prime factor._Although_twenty has_6_factors, 2 of them prime, similarly_to_twelve, it is also a much larger_base, and so the_digit_set and the multiplication_table are much larger. Binary_has only two factors, 1 and_2, the_latter being_prime. Hexadecimal (base 16) has five factors, adding 4, 8 and_16 to those of 2, but_no additional prime. Trigesimal_(base 30)_is_the smallest system_that_has three_different prime factors (all of the three_smallest primes:_2, 3 and 5) and it_has eight factors in_total_(1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 10,_15, and 30). Sexagesimal—which the ancient_Sumerians and Babylonians among others_actually_used—adds_the four convenient factors 4,_12, 20, and 60 to this_but no new_prime factors. The smallest system that has_four_different prime factors is base 210_and_the pattern follows the primorials. In_all_base_systems, there are similarities to_the representation of multiples of numbers_which are one less than the base.

Conversion tables to_and from decimal_
To convert numbers between bases,_one_can_use the general conversion algorithm (see the relevant section under