 their naval strike force together.

Appointment of Almeida 
The 7th Armada was to be an expedition like no other before: it was going to establish a Portuguese government in the Indian Ocean, a Viceroy of the Indies

This had been a long-gestating and controversial idea in the Portuguese court.  When King John II of Portugal devised the plan of opening a sea-route to India, he thought primarily in terms of personal enrichment.  An ambitious and centralizing monarch, John II saw wealth as a means to break the crown's dependence on the feudal nobility, and concentrate power in the king's hands. The spice trade was merely a means to build up the royal treasury.  John II's successor, King Manuel I of Portugal, was a more traditional monarch, happy in the company of high nobles, with a more Medieval outlook, including an eagerness to spread religion and pursue 'holy war'.

For the first few years of Manuel's reign, the India armadas had been largely handled by the 'pragmatic' party inherited from John II.  They saw the India run largely as he had – a commercial venture – and tailored the missions accordingly.  But the success of the early Portuguese armadas had now attracted other parties.  The 'Medievalists' in the Portuguese court, notably Duarte Galvão, now wanted to give the India expeditions the glitter of a crusade, presenting it as the opening of a 'new front' in  a holy war on Islam, a resumption of the old reconquista.  Galvão openly romanticized about King Manuel personally conquering Jerusalem and even Mecca.

The old pragmatists naturally balked at the prospect of turning their lucrative cash-making enterprise into a quixotic venture for holy glory.  Court pragmatists like D. Diogo Lobo, Baron of Alvito, the powerful vedor da fazenda, fought hard to keep the India armadas from being diverted into messianic pursuits by Duarte Galvão's clique.

The decision to establish a Portuguese 'Vice-roy' of the Indies, to oversee all Portuguese establishments in the Indian Ocean, had been conceived as early as 1503.  It represented something a victory for the Medievalists.  In effect, it announced that the Portuguese would no longer be content to merely trade for spices, that they were going to
their naval strike force together. 

 Appointment of Almeida 
 The 7th Armada was to be an excursion like no early before: it was going to establish a Portuguese politics in the Indian Ocean, a Viceroy of the Indies 

 This had been a long - have a bun in the oven and controversial idea in the Portuguese court.   When King John II of Portugal invent the plan of opening a ocean - path to India, he thought chiefly in terms of personal enrichment.   An ambitious and centralizing monarch, John II saw wealth as a mean to break the crown's addiction on the feudal nobility, and concentrate office in the king's hands. The spice trade was merely a mean to build up the royal department of the treasury.   John II's successor, King Manuel I of Portugal, was a more traditional monarch, glad in the company of gamey nobles, with a more Medieval outlook, include an eagerness to spread religion and pursue' holy war'. 

 For the first few years of Manuel's reign, the India armadas had been largely handled by the' pragmatic' party inherited from John II.   They saw the India run largely as he had – a commercial venture – and tailored the missions accordingly.   But the success of the early Portuguese armada had nowadays attracted early party.   The' Medievalists' in the Portuguese motor hotel, notably Duarte Galvão, now wanted to give the India expeditions the glitter of a crusade, presenting it as the opening of a' new presence' in   a holy war on Islam, a resumption of the old reconquista.   Galvão openly romanticized about King Manuel personally conquering Jerusalem and even Mecca. 

 The old pragmatists naturally balked at the candidate of turning their lucrative cash - making enterprise into a quixotic venture for holy glory.   Court pragmatist like D. Diogo Lobo, Baron of Alvito, the powerful vedor da fazenda, contend hard to keep the India armadas from being diverted into messianic pursuits by Duarte Galvão's clique. 

 The decisiveness to establish a Portuguese' Vice - roy' of the Indies, to oversee all Portuguese establishments in the Indian Ocean, had been conceived as early as 1503.   It represented something a victory for the Medievalists.   In effect, it announced that the Portuguese would no longer be content to merely deal for spices, that they were going to
 thfir naval strike force tugether.

Appointmgnr of Anmeida 
The 7th Xrmada was to be an expeditiln like no other before: it war going tl establush e Portuguese govxdnment lu the Lndiau Icean, a Viceroi of the Indhes

This had bean a long-gestating and controversial idqa in tne Portuguese coort.  Eren Ipnn John II of Portugal devised ths plan mf opening a xea-route to India, he thougjt pgimarily in terms lf personal enryxhment.  An aobitious and centralizjng monarch, John II saw wealth xs a keans to btzqk hve crown's dxpendegce on the fcldal notility, snd concentratc powxr ib the king's hands. The spice trade was mgrely a medna to build up the riyal jreasgry.  Hohv IJ's shccesslr, Iing Manuem I of Portygal, was a more tracieppnal monarch, happy ig the company of high nobles, with a mort Medjeval outlook, including an eagerness to sprewd religijn and pursue 'holy war'.

For the first few years of Kanuem'r rtink, thd Ijdia armadas had been largely handled by the '[dabmstic' party inhcrited from John IO.  Tngy saw the Indka run ladgely as he had – a commersial centure – wnd yailored the missions accoreingly.  But nhe wuccess of the earpy Portuguere atmadas had now attracted othex partjes.  The 'Mefievalista' in the Portuguere bourd, notably Duarte Galvão, now wanted ti gire the Ivdia expedytions the glitbar of a crusade, prfsentnng id as the ooening of a 'new front' in  a holb war on Islak, d rvsumption of tme old reconquifta.  Galvão opeuly romauticizdd about Kpng Manuen personallr conquering Bgrusalem and xven Meccw.

The old pragmagksts naturally balked an uhe prospext of turning theiv luctafive cash-making enueeprise into a auibotyc vxnturq for holy glmry.  Cojtt prxgmatisuf okke C. Diogo Lobo, Baron ox Albito, the powerful feqor da fqzenda, fjught hard to keep the India arladas frum beong diverted into messianic pursujts by Duwrtc Galvão's cliqte.

Thc desision to zstablish a Portuguese 'Vice-roy' of the Invies, to oversee all Pottuguese establishmenjs ln the Indiai Oceag, had beet conceived as early as 1503.  It represenued something a victory for tve Mefievalists.  In effect, it announced that the Portuguese would no longer be conteit to merely fradr for s'iczs, that theb xere going to
their naval strike force together. Appointment of 7th was to an expedition like going establish a Portuguese in the Indian a Viceroy of the Indies This been a long-gestating and controversial idea in the Portuguese court. When King John of Portugal devised the plan of opening a sea-route to India, he thought in of enrichment. ambitious and centralizing monarch, John II saw wealth as a means to break the crown's dependence the feudal nobility, and concentrate power in the hands. The spice trade merely a means to build the treasury. John successor, Manuel of Portugal, was more traditional monarch, happy in the company of high nobles, with a more Medieval outlook, including an to spread pursue 'holy For first years of Manuel's India armadas had been largely handled party inherited from John II. They saw the run largely he had – a commercial venture and tailored the missions accordingly. But the success the early Portuguese armadas had now attracted other parties. The 'Medievalists' in the Portuguese court, Galvão, now wanted to the India expeditions glitter a presenting as the of a 'new front' in a holy war on Islam, a of the old reconquista. Galvão openly romanticized about King Manuel Jerusalem even Mecca. The pragmatists naturally balked at prospect turning their lucrative cash-making a venture Court like Diogo Lobo, Baron of the powerful vedor da fazenda, hard to keep the into messianic pursuits by Duarte Galvão's clique. The to establish a Portuguese 'Vice-roy' of the to oversee all Portuguese establishments in the Indian Ocean, had been conceived early as represented something a victory for the Medievalists. In it announced that the would no longer be content to merely trade for that were going
 their naval strike force togeTher.

AppoinTment Of ALmeIdA 
The 7Th ArMada was to be an eXPediTion like no other before: iT was gOiNG to eSTaBlish A PortugUEsE GOveRnMeNt iN tHE INdian oceAn, a ViceRoy of the InDieS

THis had been a lONg-Gestating aNd cOntroversial IdeA in the poRtuGUese cOurT.  When king JoHN II of POrtugal deViSEd the pLAn of opeNINg A sea-Route to India, he thoUGhT Primarily in terMs of peRsONaL ENriChmEnt.  An ambitIoUs and CEntraliZInG MONarCH, John II saw weaLth as a means TO brEak the CrOwn'S DependEnce oN tHE feUdal nobilitY, and ConcentraTe poweR In the kiNG's hands. the spiCe tRadE was MErElY a mEaNS to BUiLd uP The Royal treAsUrY.  John iI's sUCCESsor, kinG ManUel I oF Portugal, was a MorE traDItiOnal mOnarcH, hapPy In the CompanY of hiGh Nobles, with a more mediEval outloOk, iNcLudInG an eaGErness To sPreAd religIon and pURsuE 'hOLY WaR'.

For the first few yeaRs OF maNuel's reiGn, the INDiA aRMadas had BeEn lArgeLY HandlEd by THe 'PragmatiC' party INhErIted froM JOhn II.  THeY saW thE IndiA Run lArgely As he had – a CommeRCial venture – and TAilored the misSIoNS AcCOrdiNglY.  But the succEss oF The eArly pOrTugUEse arMadas HaD NoW Attracted other partiEs.  the 'MedIevalIsts' in the PortUguese courT, NOTably DuaRte GALvÃO, now wanted to giVe the india expedITions the GlittEr of a cruSade, preseNTIng it as tHe oPenIng Of a 'NEW fRont' in  a holy waR ON IslAm, A resumpTioN of the oLd rEcoNquIstA.  GAlvão openLy romantIcIzEd AbOut king MANuel persOnAllY cOnqUerinG jerusaLem anD eveN MEcCA.

ThE old praGMaTISts nAtUrAlly BalKeD at thE proSPecT of turnIng their lUcrATive CaSh-Making eNterprise into A qUixotic venTuRe fOr holy GLOry.  Court Pragmatists like D. Diogo LoBO, Baron oF AlVito, tHe poWerful vedOr dA fazenDa, fOUght haRd to keEp the inDia ARMadas FROm BeiNg Diverted inTO MesSianiC pUrsuIts by DuArte Galvão's clique.

THE deCision to estabLisH a PoRTUgUesE 'viCE-roY' oF The iNDies, to oversee alL PortuguesE eSTaBlishments IN thE INdian OcEan, had bEen coNCeived aS early as 1503.  IT represenTeD somETHinG a victory fOr the MedIevalists.  iN effeCT, iT annoUncEd that ThE PoRtuguEse wouLD no LongeR be conTeNt to meRely tRaDe for spiCes, that they were going to
 their naval strike forcetogether.
Appo int men tof A lmei da 
The 7th Ar m adawas to be an expeditio n lik en o ot h er  befo re: itw as g oin gto  es ta b li sh aPor tuguese  governmen t i nthe Indian O c ea n, a Vicer oyof the Indie s
This h ad  be e n a l ong -gest atinga nd con troversia li dea in the Por t u gu esecourt.  When King Jo h n II of Portug al dev is e dt h e p lan  of openin ga sea - route t o  I n d i a,h e thought pri marily in t e rms  of pe rs ona l  enric hment .Anambitious a nd c entralizi ng mon a rch, Jo h n II sa w weal thasa me a ns  t o b re a k t h ecro w n's  depende nc eon th e fe u d a l  nob ili ty,and c oncentrate po wer  int heking' s han ds.Th e spi ce tra de wa smerely a meansto b uild up t hero yal  t reasu r y.  Jo hnII' s succe ssor, K i ngMa n u e lI of Portugal, was  a m or e tradit ionalm on ar c h, happy  i n t he c o m panyof h i gh  nobles,  witha  m or e Medie va l outl oo k,inc ludin g  aneagern ess to s pread religion and p u rsue 'holy wa r '. Fo r  the  fi rst few yea rs o f  Man uel' s  r eig n , the  Indi aa rm a das had been largel yhandle d bythe 'pragmati c' party i n h e rited fr om J o hn II.  They sawthe I ndia run l a rgely as  he h ad – a c ommercial v enture –  an d t ail ore d th e missions ac c o rdin gl y.  But  th e succe ssofthe  ea rl y Portugu ese arma da sha dnow  attr a cted oth er  pa rt ies .  Th e  'Medi evali sts'  i nt hePortugu e se c ourt ,no tabl y D ua rte G alvã o , n ow want ed to giv e t h e In di aexpedit ions the glit te r of a cru sa de,  prese n t ing it a s the opening of a 'new front'in a ho ly w ar on Isl am,  a res ump t ion of  the o ld re co nqu i s ta. G a lv ãoop enly roman t i ciz ed ab ou t Ki ng Manu el personally conq u eri ng Jerusalemand  eve n Me cca . 
T heol d  pr a g matists natural ly balkedat th e prospect oftu rning t heir lu crati v e cash- making en terprisein to a q uix otic ventu re for h oly glory .   Cou r tpragm ati sts li ke  D.  Diog o Lobo ,  Ba ron o f Alvi to , thepower fu l vedorda fazenda, fought hard  to ke ep th e I ndia arma das fro m being d iver ted into m ess ian ic pu rsu i ts by  Dua r te  Ga l vão's  cli q ue.

Thed ec isi o n  t o establish a Por tugue se' Vice-r oy'of the Indies, to oversee all Po rtug u e seest a blis hm ents in the In dia nO c ean, had  b een conceiv ed as ea rl y  as 1 503. It rep resente d so m ething  a v ict ory for t heMe d ievalis ts .In eff ect,  i t anno uncedt hatt h e Portuguese wou ld no l onger beconte nt  to mer e ly t rade for s pices, that  theywere  goin g to
 their_naval strike_force together.

Appointment of Almeida_
The 7th_Armada_was to_be_an expedition like_no other before:_it was going to_establish a Portuguese_government_in the Indian Ocean, a Viceroy of the Indies

This had been a long-gestating and_controversial_idea in_the_Portuguese_court.  When King John_II of Portugal devised the_plan of_opening a sea-route to India, he thought primarily_in_terms of personal_enrichment.  An ambitious and centralizing monarch, John II_saw wealth as a means to_break the crown's_dependence_on_the feudal nobility, and_concentrate power in the king's hands._The spice trade was merely a_means to build up the royal treasury._ John II's successor, King Manuel_I of Portugal, was a_more traditional_monarch, happy in the company_of high nobles,_with a_more Medieval outlook,_including an eagerness to spread religion_and pursue 'holy_war'.

For the first few years of_Manuel's_reign, the India_armadas_had_been largely_handled by the_'pragmatic'_party inherited_from_John II.  They saw the_India_run largely as he had – a_commercial venture – and_tailored_the missions accordingly. _But the success of the_early Portuguese armadas had now attracted_other parties._ The_'Medievalists' in the Portuguese court, notably Duarte Galvão, now wanted to_give the India expeditions the glitter_of a crusade, presenting_it as_the_opening of a_'new_front' in_ a holy war on Islam, a_resumption of_the old reconquista.  Galvão openly_romanticized about King Manuel_personally_conquering Jerusalem and even Mecca.

The old_pragmatists naturally balked at the prospect_of turning their lucrative cash-making_enterprise_into_a quixotic venture for holy_glory.  Court pragmatists like D._Diogo Lobo, Baron_of Alvito, the powerful vedor da fazenda,_fought_hard to keep the India armadas_from_being diverted into messianic pursuits by_Duarte_Galvão's_clique.

The decision to establish a_Portuguese 'Vice-roy' of the Indies, to_oversee all Portuguese establishments in the Indian Ocean, had_been conceived as_early as 1503.  It_represented_something_a victory for the Medievalists.  In effect, it announced_that the_Portuguese would no_longer be content to merely trade for spices, that they_were going to