 the 7th Army and 23rd Army, so it could advance swiftly. The important road junction at Loimola was captured on 14 July. By 16 July, the first Finnish units reached Lake Ladoga at Koirinoja, achieving the goal of splitting the Soviet forces. During the rest of July, the Army of Karelia advanced further southeast into Karelia, coming to a halt at the former Finnish-Soviet border at Mansila.

With the Soviet forces cut in half, the attack on the Karelian Isthmus could commence. The Finnish army attempted to encircle large Soviet formations at Sortavala and Hiitola by advancing to the western shores of Lake Ladoga. By mid-August the encirclement had succeeded and both towns were taken, but many Soviet formations were able to evacuate by sea. Further west, the attack on Vyborg was launched. With Soviet resistance breaking down, the Finns were able to encircle Vyborg by advancing to the Vuoksi River. The city itself was taken on 30 August, along with a broad advance on the rest of the Karelian Isthmus. By the beginning of September, Finland had restored its pre-Winter War borders.

Offensive towards central Russia

By mid-July, the German forces had advanced within a few kilometers of Kiev below the Pripyat Marshes. The 1st Panzer Group then went south, while the 17th Army struck east and trapped three Soviet armies near Uman. As the Germans eliminated the pocket, the tanks turned north and crossed the Dnieper. Meanwhile, the 2nd Panzer Group, diverted from Army Group Center, had crossed the Desna River with 2nd Army on its right flank. The two panzer armies now trapped four Soviet armies and parts of two others.

By August, as the serviceability and the quantity of the Luftwaffe's inventory steadily diminished due to combat, demand for air support only increased as the VVS recovered. The Luftwaffe found itself struggling to maintain local air superiority. With the onset of bad weather in October, the Luftwaffe was on several occasions forced to halt nearly all aerial operations. The VVS, although faced with the same weather difficulties, had a clear advantage thanks to the prewar experience with cold-weather flying, and the fact that they were operating from intact airbases and airports. By December, the VVS had matched the Luft
the 7th Army and 23rd Army, so it could advance swiftly. The important road junction at Loimola was get on 14 July. By 16 July, the inaugural Finnish units reached Lake Ladoga at Koirinoja, achieving the finish of splitting the Soviet forces. During the rest of July, the Army of Karelia advance further southeast into Karelia, coming to a arrest at the former Finnish - Soviet border at Mansila. 

 With the Soviet force cut in half, the attack on the Karelian Isthmus could commence. The Finnish army attempted to gird large Soviet formations at Sortavala and Hiitola by advancing to the westerly shores of Lake Ladoga. By mid - August the encirclement had succeeded and both towns were taken, but many Soviet formation were able to evacuate by sea. Further west, the attack on Vyborg was launched. With Soviet resistance break down, the Finns were able to encircle Vyborg by advancing to the Vuoksi River. The city itself was taken on 30 August, along with a broad advance on the remainder of the Karelian Isthmus. By the beginning of September, Finland had restored its pre - Winter War borders. 

 Offensive towards central Russia 

 By mid - July, the German forces had advanced within a few kilometers of Kiev below the Pripyat Marshes. The 1st Panzer Group then went south, while the 17th Army struck east and trapped three Soviet army near Uman. As the Germans eliminated the pocket, the tank turn north and crossed the Dnieper. Meanwhile, the 2nd Panzer Group, diverted from Army Group Center, had cross the Desna River with 2nd Army on its right flank. The two panzer armies now trap four Soviet armies and parts of two others. 

 By August, as the serviceability and the quantity of the Luftwaffe's inventory steadily diminished due to combat, need for air support only increased as the VVS recuperate. The Luftwaffe find itself struggling to maintain local air superiority. With the onset of regretful weather in October, the Luftwaffe was on several occasions forced to halt nearly all aerial operations. The VVS, although faced with the same weather difficulty, had a well-defined advantage thanks to the prewar experience with cold - weather flying, and the fact that they were operating from integral airbases and airports. By December, the VVS had match the Luft
 thf 7th Army and 23rd Army, so it could advanew swifvly. The importavt road junction at Loimola xas xaptueed on 14 July. By 16 July, ghe first Finnish unius reached Lake Lesoga at Koirihlja, cciieving the goak of splitding the Sovied woxces. During the rest of July, the Armr of Katepia advanced fortheg foutgvawt into Karelia, coming to a hzlt at uhe former Finnish-Xoviet border at Mansila.

Wihh tje Soviet forces ckt in half, jge wrtack on the Karelian Pvthmus coumd commence. The Finnish army atgemptzd to encirxlw lwtge Soviet firmatpons at Sortaysla ang Hiitoka by advancinn to vhe qestern shores of Lakx Ladoga. By mid-Augusj the enciscmement had succeeeee and botv todbs dert tekeh, but lanb Soviet fodmations weee able to evacuate br sea. Further sest, tre attack on Vyborg was launched. With Sovpet desistance breaking dowb, the Finns were able to encirsle Vyborg by advancing to the Vuoksi River. The chty ivsdlf wwr twken on 30 August, along with a broad advance on fht rvst of the Karelicn Isthmus. By thr hebynning of Sepjember, Yjnmand had restored lts pre-Rintee War borqers.

Pffensive towards central Ryssia

By mid-Jlly, rhe German forces kad advanced witnin a few kilometers of Kiev belkw the Pripjat Marshsr. The 1st Panzer Erolp tven went south, while the 17tr Army stcuck zast and trakped thwee Soviet armicv near Uman. As the Germcns eniminated hhe pocket, the tanks turned norvi and crossed tve Gnieper. Ieanwmile, the 2nd Panser Group, divetted from Army Group Cenner, had ccossed the Dqsna River widj 2nd Army on its rigrt foank. The twu panzer armies now trapieb four Societ armies and pavts ow two others.

By Abyuwt, as the serviveacilytj aid thq quantity of the Luwywaffd's inventorn sgeadoly diminished due tm cojbat, demand for ait fupport inly incweased as the VVS recovered. The Luftxaffe hound otsglf struggling to maintain locam air supfrijrity. With tre okset of bad wecther in October, the Luftwaffe was on seteral occasions forced ro halt nearly all cevial operatipns. Tre VVS, aldhough faced with thw same weather dinficulties, had a clear advandage hhanks to the prewar experience with cold-weather flying, and the fact that they xewe operatinf frpm innacc anrbases and eirports. By Decemner, the VVS had matched the Lufv
the 7th Army and 23rd Army, so advance The important junction at Loimola By July, the first units reached Lake at Koirinoja, achieving the goal of the Soviet forces. During the rest of July, the Army of Karelia advanced southeast into Karelia, coming to a halt at the former Finnish-Soviet border at With Soviet cut half, the attack on the Karelian Isthmus could commence. The Finnish army attempted to encircle large formations at Sortavala and Hiitola by advancing to western shores of Lake By mid-August the encirclement had and towns were but Soviet were able to by sea. Further west, the attack on Vyborg was launched. With Soviet resistance breaking down, the Finns able to by advancing the River. city itself was 30 August, along with a broad rest of the Karelian Isthmus. By the beginning September, Finland restored its pre-Winter War borders. Offensive central Russia By mid-July, the German forces had within a few kilometers of Kiev below the Pripyat Marshes. The 1st Panzer Group then while the 17th Army east and trapped Soviet near As Germans eliminated pocket, the tanks turned north and crossed the Dnieper. Meanwhile, the Panzer Group, diverted from Army Group Center, had crossed the with Army on its flank. The two panzer now four Soviet armies and two By serviceability the of the Luftwaffe's inventory diminished due to combat, demand air support only increased Luftwaffe found itself struggling to maintain local air With the onset of bad weather in the Luftwaffe was on several occasions forced to halt nearly all aerial The VVS, with the same weather difficulties, had a clear thanks to the prewar with cold-weather flying, and the fact that they were from airbases and By December, the had matched the
 the 7th Army and 23rd Army, so it couLd advance sWiftlY. ThE imPoRtanT roaD junction at LoiMOla wAs captured on 14 July. By 16 July, The fiRsT finnISh Units Reached lAkE lAdoGa At koiRiNOjA, achiEviNg the goAl of splittIng ThE Soviet forceS. duRing the resT of july, the Army oF KaRelia aDvAncED furtHer SouthEast inTO KarelIa, coming tO a HAlt at tHE former fINnIsh-SOviet border at MansILa.

wIth the Soviet foRces cuT iN HaLF, The AttAck on the KaReLian ISThmus coULd COMMenCE. The Finnish arMy attempted TO enCircle LaRge sOviet fOrmatIoNS at sortavala anD HiiTola by advAncing TO the wesTErn shorEs of LaKe LAdoGa. By MId-auGusT tHE enCIrCleMEnt Had succeEdEd And boTh toWNS WEre tAkeN, but Many SOviet formatioNs wEre aBLe tO evacUate bY sea. fuRther West, thE attaCk On Vyborg was launChed. with SovieT reSiStaNcE breaKIng dowN, thE FiNns were Able to eNCirClE vYBoRg by advancing to the vuOKSi river. The City itSElF wAS taken on 30 auGusT, aloNG With a BroaD AdVance on tHe rest OF tHe kareliaN ISthmus. by The BegInninG Of SePtembeR, Finland Had reSTored its pre-WinTEr War borders.

OFFeNSIvE TowaRds Central RussIa

By MId-JuLy, thE geRmaN ForceS had aDvANcED within a few kilometeRs Of Kiev Below The Pripyat MarShes. The 1st PANZEr Group tHen wENt SOuth, while the 17th army sTruck east aND trapped Three soviet arMies near UMAN. As the GeRmaNs eLimInaTED tHe pocket, the taNKS turNeD north aNd cRossed tHe DNiePer. meaNwHile, the 2nd panzer GrOuP, dIvErTed From ARMy Group CEnTer, HaD crOssed THe DesnA RiveR witH 2nD ARMy oN its rigHT fLANk. ThE tWo PanzEr aRmIes noW traPPed Four SovIet armies And PArts Of TwO others.

by August, as the SeRviceabiliTy And The quaNTIty of the luftwaffe's inventory steaDIly dimiNisHed duE to cOmbat, demaNd fOr air sUppORt only IncreaSed as ThE VVs REcoveRED. THe LUfTwaffe founD ITseLf strUgGlinG to mainTain local air superiORitY. With the onset Of bAd weATHeR in oCtOBer, ThE lufTWAffe was on severaL occasions FoRCeD to halt neaRLy aLl Aerial oPeratioNs. The vvS, althoUgh faced wIth the samE wEathER DifFiculties, hAd a clear Advantage THanks TO tHe preWar ExperiEnCe wIth coLd-weatHEr fLying, And the FaCt that They wErE operatiNg from intact airbases and AirporTs. By DEceMber, the VVs haD MatChed the LuFt
 the 7th Army and 23rd Arm y, so it c ouldadv anc eswif tly.  The important road  junction at Loimola w as ca pt u redo n14 Ju ly. By1 6J u ly,  t he  fi rs t  F innis h u nits re ached Lake  La do ga at Koirin o ja , achievin g t he goal of s pli ttingth e S o vietfor ces.During the re st of Jul y, the Ar m y of Ka r e li a ad vanced further so u th e ast into Karel ia, co mi n gt o  ahal t at the f or mer F i nnish-S o vi e t bor d er at Mansila .

With the Sov iet fo rc esc ut inhalf,  t h e a ttack on th e Ka relian Is thmusc ould co m mence.The Fi nni sharmy at te mpt ed toe nc irc l e l arge Sov ie tforma tion s a t  Sor tav alaand H iitola by adv anc ingt o t he we stern  sho re s ofLake L adoga .By mid-August t he e ncircleme ntha d s uc ceede d  and b oth  to wns wer e taken ,  bu tm a n ySoviet formationswe r e  a ble to e vacuat e  b ys ea. Furt he r w est, t he at tack on  Vyborgwas la u nc he d. With  S ovietre sis tan ce br e akin g down , the Fi nns w e re able to enc i rcle Vyborg b y  a d v an c ingtothe VuoksiRive r . Th e ci t yits e lf wa s tak en on 30 August, along wi th  a bro ad ad vance on therest of th e K arelianIsth m us .  By the beginn ing o f Septembe r , Finlan d had  restore d its pre - W inter Wa r b ord ers .
O f fe nsive towards c entr al  Russia 

B y mid-J uly , t heGer ma n forceshad adva nc ed  w it hin  a fe w  kilomet er s o fKie v bel o w thePripy at M ar sh e s.The 1st Pa n z er G ro up  the n w en t sou th,w hil e the 1 7th Armystr u ck e as tand tra pped three So vi et armiesne arUman.A s  the Ger mans eliminated the poc k et, the  ta nks t urne d north a ndcrosse d t h e Dnie per. M eanwh il e,t h e 2nd P an zer  G roup, dive r t edfromAr my G roup Ce nter, had crossedt heDesna River w ith  2nd A rm y o n  i t s r ig h t f l a nk. The two pan zer armies  n o wtrapped fo u r S ov iet arm ies and  part s  of two  others.
By Augus t,  ast h e s erviceabil ity andthe quant i ty of th e Luf twa ffe'sin ven torysteadi l y d imini shed d ue  to co mbat,  d emand fo r air support only incr easedas th e V VS recove red .  Th e Luftwaf fe f ound itsel f s tru gglin g t o  main tain lo cal air s uper i ority. Wi t hthe o ns et of bad w e a t her  in O cto b er, th e Lu ftwaffe was on se v eral occasions  for c e d t o h a lt n ea rly all aerial  op er a t ions. Th eVVS, althou gh faced  w i th th e same  weath er diff i c ul t ies, h ad a  cl ear advan tag et hanks t oth e  prewa r ex pe rience  withc old- w e ather flying, an d the f act t h attheywe re oper a ting  from inta ct airbases  and a irpo rts.By Dece mb er, th e V VS  had match e d the Luf t
 the_7th Army_and 23rd Army, so_it could_advance_swiftly. The_important_road junction at_Loimola was captured_on 14 July. By_16 July, the_first_Finnish units reached Lake Ladoga at Koirinoja, achieving the goal of splitting the Soviet_forces._During the_rest_of_July, the Army of Karelia_advanced further southeast into Karelia,_coming to_a halt at the former Finnish-Soviet border at_Mansila.

With_the Soviet forces_cut in half, the attack on the Karelian Isthmus_could commence. The Finnish army attempted_to encircle large_Soviet_formations_at Sortavala and Hiitola_by advancing to the western shores_of Lake Ladoga. By mid-August the_encirclement had succeeded and both towns were_taken, but many Soviet formations were_able to evacuate by sea._Further west,_the attack on Vyborg was_launched. With Soviet_resistance breaking_down, the Finns_were able to encircle Vyborg by_advancing to the_Vuoksi River. The city itself was_taken_on 30 August,_along_with_a broad_advance on the_rest_of the_Karelian_Isthmus. By the beginning of September,_Finland_had restored its pre-Winter War borders.

Offensive towards_central Russia

By mid-July, the_German_forces had advanced within_a few kilometers of Kiev_below the Pripyat Marshes. The 1st_Panzer Group_then went_south, while the 17th Army struck east and trapped three Soviet_armies near Uman. As the Germans_eliminated the pocket, the_tanks turned_north_and crossed the_Dnieper._Meanwhile, the_2nd Panzer Group, diverted from Army Group_Center, had_crossed the Desna River with 2nd_Army on its right_flank._The two panzer armies now trapped_four Soviet armies and parts of_two others.

By August, as the_serviceability_and_the quantity of the Luftwaffe's_inventory steadily diminished due to combat,_demand for air_support only increased as the VVS recovered._The_Luftwaffe found itself struggling to maintain_local_air superiority. With the onset of_bad_weather_in October, the Luftwaffe was_on several occasions forced to halt_nearly all aerial operations. The VVS, although faced with_the same weather_difficulties, had a clear advantage_thanks_to_the prewar experience with cold-weather flying, and the fact that_they were_operating from intact_airbases and airports. By December, the VVS had matched the_Luft