 groups up to the Babylonian occupation. Later, Nehemiah 13:23-24 writing under the Achaemenids records that when Judean men intermarried women from Moab, Ammon and Philistine cities, half the offspring of Judean marriages with women from Ashdod could speak only their mother tongue, Ašdôdît, not Judean Hebrew (Yehûdît); although by then this language might have been an Aramaic dialect. There is some limited evidence in favour of the assumption that the Philistines were originally Indo-European-speakers, either from Greece or Luwian speakers from the coast of Asia Minor, on the basis of some Philistine-related words found in the Bible not appearing to be related to other Semitic languages. Such theories suggest that the Semitic elements in the language were borrowed from their neighbours in the region. For example, the Philistine word for captain, "seren", may be related to the Greek word tyrannos (thought by linguists to have been borrowed by the Greeks from an Anatolian language, such as Luwian or Lydian). Although most Philistine names are Semitic (such as Ahimelech, Mitinti, Hanun, and Dagon) some of the Philistine names, such as Goliath, Achish, and Phicol, appear to be of non-Semitic origin, and Indo-European etymologies have been suggested. Recent finds of inscriptions written in Hieroglyphic Luwian in Palistin substantiate a connection between the language of the kingdom of Palistin and the Philistines of the southwestern Levant.

Religion
The deities worshipped in the area were Baal, Astarte, and Dagon, whose names or variations thereof had already appeared in the earlier attested Canaanite pantheon.

Economy
Cities excavated in the area attributed to Philistines give evidence of careful town planning, including industrial zones. The olive industry of Ekron alone includes about 200 olive oil installations. Engineers estimate that the city's production may have been more than 1,000 tons, 30 percent of Israel's present-day production.

There is considerable evidence for a large industry in fermented drink. Finds include breweries, wineries, and retail shops marketing beer and wine. Beer mugs and wine kraters are among the most common pottery
groups up to the Babylonian occupation. Later, Nehemiah 13:23 - 24 writing under the Achaemenids records that when Judean men intermarry charwoman from Moab, Ammon and Philistine cities, half the young of Judean marriages with womanhood from Ashdod could speak only their mother natural language, Ašdôdît, not Judean Hebrew (Yehûdît); although by then this language might have been an Aramaic dialect. There is some circumscribed evidence in favor of the assumption that the Philistines were in the first place Indo - European - speakers, either from Greece or Luwian speakers from the slide of Asia Minor, on the footing of some Philistine - related actor's line found in the Bible not appearing to be associate to other Semitic languages. Such theories indicate that the Semitic elements in the language were borrow from their neighbours in the region. For example, the Philistine word for master, " seren ", may be related to the Greek word tyrannos (thought by linguists to have been borrowed by the Greeks from an Anatolian language, such as Luwian or Lydian). Although most anti-intellectual name calling are Semitic (such as Ahimelech, Mitinti, Hanun, and Dagon) some of the Philistine names, such as Goliath, Achish, and Phicol, appear to be of non - Semitic origin, and Indo - European etymologies have been suggested. Recent finds of inscription written in Hieroglyphic Luwian in Palistin substantiate a joining between the linguistic process of the kingdom of Palistin and the Philistines of the southwestern Levant. 

 Religion 
 The deities worshipped in the sphere were Baal, Astarte, and Dagon, whose names or variation thereof had already appeared in the early attested Canaanite pantheon. 

 Economy 
 Cities excavated in the area attributed to Philistines give evidence of careful township planning, including industrial zones. The olive industry of Ekron alone includes about 200 olive oil installation. Engineers estimate that the city's production may have been more than 1,000 tons, 30 percent of Israel's present - sidereal day production. 

 There is considerable evidence for a large industry in fermented drink. Finds include breweries, winery, and retail shops marketing beer and wine. Beer mugs and wine kraters are among the most common pottery
 grlups up to the Babyloniak occupation. Latgr, Nehemmah 13:23-24 wrjting unaer the Achaemenids records vhat when Judean men intermarridd women vrom Moav, Amnin and Philistine gnties, malf chx offspring of Mudean marrhages with woman fxom Ashdod could speak only their moeher tomgke, Ašdôdît, not Juqean Rebrsw (Yehûdît); although by then this lanfuage mpght have been an Aramaic dialect. There is dome limited evidence ln favour od thq assumption ghat the Philistines wgre originally Indo-European-speakdrs, enther from Trwecf or Luwian wpeakvrs from the gpast ox Asia Kinor, on the bssiv od some Philistine-relaved words found in tre Bible toc appearing to be relqtwd to othar Sdnitkc maiguzges. Skch theories auggest thar the Semitic elememtf in the languzge wewe borrowed from their neighbours in the gegikn. For example, the Philustine word for captaln, "seren", iay be related to the Greek word tyrannos (thought by lmneuiwtf ro have been borrowed by the Greeks from an Anaekloak language, such cs Luwian or Lydoaj). Sjthough most Khilistnhe names are Semitic (such af Ahinelech, Miuinti, Hanun, and Dagon) some of thw Philistine bames, such as Golicth, Achish, aud Phivol, alpear to be of non-Semitnc orifin, and Indl-European dtymologies have bevn sgggested. Recent finds of igscriptiois wrntten in Hietoglyphyc Luwian ln Palistin substantiate a counecthon betweej the language of the kingdom oh Palistin anc dhe Philistnnes on the southwestqrn Levant.

Reliyion
The beitier worshippvd in the area were Faal, Astarte, djd Dagon, whove names or cariqtions gfereof had alrrady appecxed in thw earlier attested Cavzanite pantheon.

Zeobomy
Cities excafatdd yn tie arqd attributed to Ohiuostinds give evibevce pf careful town planting, including industroaj zones. Jhe olive industry of Rkron alone includts abont 200 olmve oik igstallations. Engineers estimats that thf clty's productijn mqy have been more than 1,000 tons, 30 percent of Israel's prxsent-day production.

Thete is considerable evndtnce for a lacge inqustry in fermented drink. Fines include brewerles, wineries, and retaim shopv marneting beer and wine. Beer mugs and wine kraters are among the most common pottecy
groups up to the Babylonian occupation. Later, writing the Achaemenids that when Judean Ammon Philistine cities, half offspring of Judean with women from Ashdod could speak their mother tongue, Ašdôdît, not Judean Hebrew (Yehûdît); although by then this language have been an Aramaic dialect. There is some limited evidence in favour of assumption the were Indo-European-speakers, either from Greece or Luwian speakers from the coast of Asia Minor, on the basis some Philistine-related words found in the Bible not to be related to Semitic languages. Such theories suggest the elements in language borrowed their neighbours in region. For example, the Philistine word for captain, "seren", may be related to the Greek word tyrannos by linguists been borrowed the from Anatolian language, such or Lydian). Although most Philistine names as Ahimelech, Mitinti, Hanun, and Dagon) some of Philistine names, as Goliath, Achish, and Phicol, appear be of non-Semitic origin, and Indo-European etymologies have suggested. Recent finds of inscriptions written in Hieroglyphic Luwian in Palistin substantiate a connection between of the kingdom of and the Philistines the Levant. The worshipped in area were Baal, Astarte, and Dagon, whose names or variations thereof already appeared in the earlier attested Canaanite pantheon. Economy Cities the attributed to Philistines evidence of careful town including zones. The olive industry alone about installations. estimate the city's production may been more than 1,000 tons, percent of Israel's present-day for a large industry in fermented drink. Finds breweries, wineries, and retail shops marketing beer wine. Beer mugs and wine kraters are among the most common pottery
 groups up to the Babylonian ocCupation. LaTer, NeHemIah 13:23-24 WrItinG undEr the AchaemeniDS recOrds that when Judean men iNtermArRIed wOMeN from moab, AmmON aND phiLiStIne CiTIeS, half The OffspriNg of Judean MarRiAges with womeN FrOm Ashdod coUld Speak only theIr mOther tOnGue, aŠdôdîT, noT JudeAn HebrEW (YehûdÎt); althougH bY Then thIS languaGE MiGht hAve been an Aramaic dIAlECt. There is some lImited EvIDeNCE in FavOur of the asSuMptioN That the pHiLISTinES were originalLy Indo-EuropEAn-sPeakerS, eIthER from GReece Or lUwiAn speakers fRom tHe coast of asia MiNOr, on the BAsis of sOme PhiLisTinE-relATeD wOrdS fOUnd IN tHe BIBle Not appeaRiNg To be rElatED TO OtheR SeMitiC langUages. Such theoRieS sugGEst That tHe SemItic ElEmentS in the LanguAgE were borrowed frOm thEir neighbOurS iN thE rEgion. fOr examPle, The philistIne word FOr cApTAIN, "sEren", may be related to ThE gReEk word tyRannos (THoUgHT by linguIsTs tO havE BEen boRrowED bY the GreeKs from AN ANaTolian lAnGuage, sUcH as luwIan or lYdiaN). AlthoUgh most PHilisTIne names are SemITic (such as AhimELeCH, miTInti, hanUn, and Dagon) sOme oF The PHiliSTiNe nAMes, suCh as GOlIAtH, achish, and Phicol, appeAr To be of Non-SeMitic origin, anD Indo-EuropEAN EtymologIes hAVe BEen suggested. ReCent fInds of inscRIptions wRitteN in HieroGlyphic LuWIAn in PaliStiN suBstAntIATe A connection beTWEen tHe LanguagE of The kingDom Of PAliStiN aNd the PhilIstines oF tHe SoUtHweStern lEvant.

RelIgIon
thE deIties WOrshipPed in The aReA wERe BAal, AstaRTe, AND DagOn, WhOse nAmeS oR variAtioNS thEreof haD already aPpeARed iN tHe Earlier Attested CanaaNiTe pantheon.

ecOnoMy
CitiES ExcavateD in the area attributed to PHIlistinEs gIve evIdenCe of carefUl tOwn plaNniNG, incluDing inDustrIaL zoNES. The oLIVe IndUsTry of Ekron ALOne IncluDeS aboUt 200 olive Oil installations. EnGIneErs estimate thAt tHe ciTY'S pRodUCtIOn mAy HAve BEEn more than 1,000 tons, 30 pErcent of IsRaEL's Present-day PRodUcTion.

TheRe is conSiderABle evidEnce for a lArge indusTrY in fERMenTed drink. FiNds incluDe breweriES, wineRIeS, and rEtaIl shopS mArkEting Beer anD WinE. Beer Mugs anD wIne kraTers aRe Among the Most common pottery
 groups up to the Babyloni an occupat ion.Lat er,  N ehem iah13:23-24 writi n g un der the Achaemenids re cords  t h at w h en  Jude an meni nt e r mar ri ed  wo me n  f rom M oab , Ammon  and Phili sti ne  cities, hal f  t he offspri ngof Judean ma rri ages w it h w o men f rom  Ashd od cou l d spea k only th ei r  mothe r  tongue , Aš dôdî t, not Judean Heb r ew (Yehûdît); alt houghby th e n  th islanguage m ig ht ha v e beena nA r a mai c  dialect. The re is somel imi ted ev id enc e  in fa vourof the  assumption  tha t the Phi listin e s wereo riginal ly Ind o-E uro pean - sp ea ker s, eit h er  fr o m G reece or  L uw ian s peak e r s from  th e co ast o f Asia Minor,  on  the bas is of  some  Phi li stine -relat ed wo rd s found in theBibl e not app ear in g t obe re l ated t o o the r Semit ic lang u age s. S u ch  theories suggestth a t  t he Semit ic ele m en ts in the l an gua ge w e r e bor rowe d  f rom thei r neig h bo ur s in th eregion .For  ex ample ,  the  Phili stine wo rd fo r  captain, "ser e n", may be re l at e d  t o  the  Gr eek word ty rann o s (t houg h tbyl ingui sts t oh av e  been borrowed by t he  Greek s fro m an Anatolia n language , s uch as L uwia n  o r  Lydian). Alth oughmost Phili s tine nam es ar e Semiti c (such a s Ahimelec h,Mit int i,H a nu n, and Dagon) s omeof  the Ph ili stine n ame s,suc h a sGoliath,Achish,an dPh ic ol,  appe a r to beof  no n- Sem itico rigin,  andIndo -E ur o pea n etymo l og i e s ha ve  b eensug ge sted.  Rec e ntfinds o f inscrip tio n s wr it te n in Hi eroglyphic Lu wi an in Pali st insubsta n t iate a c onnection between the l a nguageofthe k ingd om of Pal ist in and  th e  Phili stines  of t he  so u t hwest e r nLev an t.

Religi o n 
Th e dei ti es w orshipp ed in the area wer e  Ba al, Astarte,and  Dag o n ,who s en ame so r v a r iations thereof  had alrea dy ap peared int heea rlier a ttested  Cana a nite pa ntheon.
Economy
C it iese x cav ated in th e area a ttributed to Ph i li stine s g ive ev id enc e ofcarefu l  to wn pl anning ,includ ing i nd ustrialzones. The olive indust ry ofEkron  al one inclu des abo ut 200 ol iveoil instal lat ion s. En gin e ers e stim a te  th a t the  cit y 's produc t io n m a y  h ave been mo r e tha n 1,0 00t ons, 3 0 pe rcent of Israel's present-day pr oduc t i on. 

T h ereis  considerableevi de n c e for ala rge industr y in fer me n ted d rink.Findsinclude b re w eries,  win eri es, and r eta il shops m ar ke t ing be er a nd  wine.  Beerm ugsa n d wine kraters a re am o n g the mos t com mo n potte r y
 groups_up to_the Babylonian occupation. Later,_Nehemiah 13:23-24_writing_under the_Achaemenids_records that when_Judean men intermarried_women from Moab, Ammon_and Philistine cities,_half_the offspring of Judean marriages with women from Ashdod could speak only their mother_tongue,_Ašdôdît, not_Judean_Hebrew_(Yehûdît); although by then this_language might have been an_Aramaic dialect._There is some limited evidence in favour of_the_assumption that the_Philistines were originally Indo-European-speakers, either from Greece or Luwian_speakers from the coast of Asia_Minor, on the_basis_of_some Philistine-related words found_in the Bible not appearing to_be related to other Semitic languages._Such theories suggest that the Semitic elements_in the language were borrowed from_their neighbours in the region._For example,_the Philistine word for captain,_"seren", may be_related to_the Greek word_tyrannos (thought by linguists to have_been borrowed by_the Greeks from an Anatolian language,_such_as Luwian or_Lydian)._Although_most Philistine_names are Semitic_(such_as Ahimelech,_Mitinti,_Hanun, and Dagon) some of the_Philistine_names, such as Goliath, Achish, and Phicol,_appear to be of_non-Semitic_origin, and Indo-European etymologies_have been suggested. Recent finds_of inscriptions written in Hieroglyphic Luwian_in Palistin_substantiate a_connection between the language of the kingdom of Palistin and the_Philistines of the southwestern Levant.

Religion
The deities_worshipped in the area_were Baal,_Astarte,_and Dagon, whose_names_or variations_thereof had already appeared in the earlier_attested Canaanite_pantheon.

Economy
Cities excavated in the area attributed_to Philistines give evidence_of_careful town planning, including industrial zones._The olive industry of Ekron alone_includes about 200 olive oil_installations._Engineers_estimate that the city's production_may have been more than 1,000_tons, 30 percent_of Israel's present-day production.

There is considerable evidence_for_a large industry in fermented drink._Finds_include breweries, wineries, and retail shops_marketing_beer_and wine. Beer mugs and_wine kraters are among the most_common pottery