 main body, while the Numidians took position on the Carthaginian rear. Hamilcar’s army was trapped with no hope of relief. Cut off from provisions, Spendius only had to wait until hunger drove Hamilcar into desperate measures. The exact location of this mountain valley is not known, it is speculated to be either near the town of Nepehris, or at some location further to the south or southwest.

Navaras defects to Hamilcar

Navaras was a Numidian chieftain commanding 2,000 horsemen and guarding the path through which Hamilcar Barca’s army had entered the valley. He had family ties with Carthaginians and decided to switch sides. Navaras approached the Carthaginian camp undetected with a small escort, signaled for a parley and entered the camp unarmed and alone. He won Hamilcar’s trust and was promised the hand of Hamilcar’s daughter in exchange for his help. Navaras returned to his army, and deserted to the Carthaginians at the agreed upon time and before the rebel army could take action. Hamilcar exited the trap unopposed and regained his freedom of maneuver.

The battle
Soon after Hamilcar’s army escaped the trap and was joined by Navaras, Spendius gave up his harassing tactics and decided to give battle. It is not known what brought about this change in tactics, but Hamilcar engaged the rebels in battle. Little is known of the numbers involved or formations used, except that the battle was hotly contested and the Carthaginians ultimately emerged victorious. Rebel losses were 10,000 killed and 4,000 captured. Spendius and Autaritus escaped the battle and made for Hippo. Carthaginian losses are not known.

Aftermath
Hamilcar decide to show clemency to the rebel prisoners. He offered to enlist those who were willing to serve under him, the others he offered to let go if they promised to leave Africa, and a substantial number joined the Carthaginian side. By doing this, Hamilcar could entice deserters away from the rebel army, a fact which the rebel leaders were keenly aware of. Hamilcar next began mopping up action of the surrounding countryside.

A series of events also took place while Hamilcar was campaigning and Hanno the Great was keeping watch on
main body, while the Numidians took position on the Carthaginian back. Hamilcar ’s united states army was trapped with no hope of easing. swerve off from provisions, Spendius only have to wait until hunger drove Hamilcar into desperate measures. The exact localization of this mountain valley is not known, it is speculate to be either near the township of Nepehris, or at some location further to the confederacy or southwest. 

 Navaras defects to Hamilcar 

 Navaras was a Numidian captain command 2,000 horsemen and guarding the path through which Hamilcar Barca ’s united states army had entered the valley. He had class ties with Carthaginians and decide to switch sides. Navaras approached the Carthaginian camp undetected with a small bodyguard, signaled for a parley and entered the camp unarmed and alone. He won Hamilcar ’s trust and was promised the hand of Hamilcar ’s daughter in exchange for his help. Navaras returned to his army, and deserted to the Carthaginians at the agreed upon time and before the rebel army could take military action. Hamilcar exited the trap unopposed and find his exemption of tactic. 

 The battle 
 Soon after Hamilcar ’s army escaped the trap and was joined by Navaras, Spendius gave up his harassing tactics and decide to give battle. It is not known what brought about this change in tactics, but Hamilcar hire the rebels in battle. Little is known of the numbers involved or formation used, except that the battle was hotly contested and the Carthaginians ultimately emerged triumphant. Rebel losses were 10,000 killed and 4,000 captured. Spendius and Autaritus escaped the battle and made for Hippo. Carthaginian losses are not known. 

 Aftermath 
 Hamilcar decide to express clemency to the rebel prisoner. He offered to enlist those who were willing to serve under him, the others he offered to permit go if they promise to leave Africa, and a solid number joined the Carthaginian english. By doing this, Hamilcar could entice deserter away from the rebel army, a fact which the rebel leaders were keenly aware of. Hamilcar next began mopping up action of the surrounding countryside. 

 A series of event also took space while Hamilcar was campaigning and Hanno the Great was keeping determine on
 maln body, while the Numidixns took position on tie Cartgaginian rear. Hamilcar’s army was tra'ped with no hope of relief. Cut off from provisiins, Wpendius only had to wait mntil iunger drove Hakilcar intm desperate medsjrzs. The exact location of this mountayn vallry is not known, yt ix spedllcted to be either near the town of Nepthris, or at some lpcation further to the souhh og southwest.

Navaras defects to Hamyocar

Navaras das a Numidian chieftajn commanding 2,000 horsemen and guafding the path jkeouhv which Hammlcar Farca’s army msd entared thr valley. He hac femilt ties with Carthaginmans and decided to fwitch sigea. Navaras approacyee the Cardhagkbiav czm' uhdeteched with a smzll escort, wignaled for a parlty wbd entered ths camp ugarmed and alone. He won Hamilcar’s trust ans was promised the hand of Hamilcar’s daughtet in exchagge for his help. Navaras returned to his army, and desectdd uo the Zqrhhaginians at the agreed upon time and before fht rvbel army could tcke action. Hamilvag rvited the trak unopposes and regained his freedoi of naneuver.

Tre bsttle
Soon after Hamilcar’s aemy escaped nhe rrap and was joineb by Navaras, Spemdius gave up his harassing cactica and decidfd to givs battle. It is nog kkowt what brought about this shange in taccics, but Hamolcar qngaged thf rebcns in battle. Littlf is nnmwn of the numbers involved or formations used, except tnad tve battlz was motly contested and the Carthcginians ultioately emegged victmrious. Rebej losses were 10,000 killed and 4,000 captureq. Spwndiys and Xjtaritus escaprd the bantje abd made for Hippo. Garthxfinian losses axt nit known.

Aftermayh
Hxmijcwr dqwide to show cleoenzu to ghe rebtj irironets. He offered to enlhst fhose who were wilkikg to serce under him, the othets he offered to ltt go mf theb promoseq to leave Africa, and a substahtial numher joined the Sartmagigian side. Yy doing this, Hamilcar could entice desecters away from the rebwl army, a fact whick uhe rebel leavers wqre keenlf aware of. Hamilcar bext began moppinn up action of the surdounditg cokntryside.

A series of events also took place while Hamilcar was campaignint and Iagno the Grezt wss kevpiug catch og
main body, while the Numidians took position Carthaginian Hamilcar’s army trapped with no from Spendius only had wait until hunger Hamilcar into desperate measures. The exact of this mountain valley is not known, it is speculated to be either the town of Nepehris, or at some location further to the south or Navaras to Navaras a Numidian chieftain commanding 2,000 horsemen and guarding the path through which Hamilcar Barca’s army had the valley. He had family ties with Carthaginians decided to switch sides. approached the Carthaginian camp undetected a escort, signaled a and the camp unarmed alone. He won Hamilcar’s trust and was promised the hand of Hamilcar’s daughter in exchange for his Navaras returned army, and to Carthaginians the agreed upon before the rebel army could take the trap unopposed and regained his freedom of The battle after Hamilcar’s army escaped the trap was joined by Navaras, Spendius gave up his tactics and decided to give battle. It is not known what brought about this change but Hamilcar engaged the in battle. Little known the involved formations used, that the battle was hotly contested and the Carthaginians ultimately emerged Rebel losses were 10,000 killed and 4,000 captured. Spendius and the and made for Carthaginian losses are not Aftermath decide to show clemency rebel He those were to serve under him, others he offered to let if they promised to number joined the Carthaginian side. By doing this, could entice deserters away from the rebel a fact which the rebel leaders were keenly aware of. Hamilcar next mopping up the surrounding countryside. A series of events also place while Hamilcar was and Hanno the Great was keeping watch on
 main body, while the Numidians Took positiOn on tHe CArtHaGiniAn reAr. Hamilcar’s armY Was tRapped with no hope of reliEf. Cut OfF From PRoVisioNs, SpendIUs ONLy hAd To WaiT uNTiL hungEr dRove HamIlcar into dEspErAte measures. THE eXact locatiOn oF this mountaiN vaLley is NoT knOWn, it iS spEculaTed to bE Either Near the toWn OF NepehRIs, or at sOME lOcatIon further to the soUTh OR southwest.

NavaRas defEcTS tO hAmiLcaR

Navaras waS a numidIAn chiefTAiN COMmaNDing 2,000 horsemen aNd guarding tHE paTh throUgH whICh HamiLcar BArCA’s aRmy had enterEd thE valley. He Had famILy ties wITh CarthAginiaNs aNd dEcidED tO sWitCh SIdeS. naVarAS apProached ThE CArthaGiniAN CAMp unDetEcteD with A small escort, sIgnAled FOr a ParleY and eNterEd The caMp unarMed anD aLone. He won HamilcAr’s tRust and waS prOmIseD tHe hanD Of HamiLcaR’s dAughter In exchaNGe fOr HIS HeLp. Navaras returned tO hIS ArMy, and desErted tO ThE CARthaginiAnS at The aGREed upOn tiME aNd before The rebEL aRmY could tAkE actioN. HAmiLcaR exitED the Trap unOpposed aNd regAIned his freedom OF maneuver.

The bATtLE
soON aftEr HAmilcar’s armY escAPed tHe trAP aNd wAS joinEd by NAvARaS, spendius gave up his haRaSsing tActicS and decided to Give battle. iT IS not knowN whaT BrOUght about this cHange In tactics, bUT HamilcaR engaGed the reBels in batTLE. Little iS knOwn Of tHe nUMBeRs involved or fORMatiOnS used, exCepT that thE baTtlE waS hoTlY contesteD and the CArThAgInIanS ultiMAtely emeRgEd vIcTorIous. REBel losSes weRe 10,000 kiLlEd ANd 4,000 cAptured. sPeNDIus aNd auTariTus EsCaped The bATtlE and madE for Hippo. carTHagiNiAn Losses aRe not known.

AftErMath
HamilcAr DecIde to sHOW clemencY to the rebel prisoners. He oFFered to EnlIst thOse wHo were wilLinG to serVe uNDer him, The othErs he OfFerED To let GO If TheY pRomised to lEAVe AFrica, AnD a suBstantiAl number joined the CARthAginian side. By DoiNg thIS, haMilCAr COulD eNTicE DEserters away froM the rebel aRmY, A fAct which thE RebEl Leaders Were keeNly awARe of. HamIlcar next Began moppInG up aCTIon Of the surroUnding coUntryside.

a SerieS Of EventS alSo took PlAce While hamilcAR waS campAigninG aNd HannO the GReAt was keePing watch on
 main body, while the Numi dians took  posi tio n o ntheCart haginian rear. Hami lcar’s army was trappe d wit hn o ho p eof re lief. C u to f f f ro mpro vi s io ns, S pen dius on ly had towai tuntil hunger dr ove Hamilc arinto despera temeasur es . T h e exa ctlocat ion of this m ountain v al l ey isn ot know n ,  i t is  speculated to be ei t her near the t own of  N e pe h r is,  or  at some l oc ation further to t h e s o uth or southw est.

Navar a s d efects  t o H a milcar 

Nav ar a s w as a Numidi an c hieftaincomman d ing 2,0 0 0 horse men an d g uar ding th epat ht hro u gh  wh i chHamilcar  B ar ca’sarmy h a d  ent ere d th e val ley. He had f ami ly t i eswithCarth agin ia ns an d deci ded t oswitch sides. N avar as approa che dthe  C artha g iniancam p u ndetect ed with a s ma l l es cort, signaled for  a p ar ley andentere d  t he camp una rm edanda l one.He w o nHamilcar ’s tru s tan d was p ro misedth e h and  of H a milc ar’s d aughterin ex c hange for hish elp. Navarasr et u r ne d  tohis  army, anddese r tedto t h eCar t hagin iansat th e  agreed upon time a nd  befor e the  rebel army c ould takea c t ion. Ham ilca r  e x ited the trapunopp osed and r e gained h is fr eedom of  maneuver . 
The bat tle 
So onaft e r  H amilcar’s arm y esca pe d the t rap  and wa s j oin edbyNa varas, Sp endius g av eup  h isharas s ing tact ic s a nd  de cided to giv e bat tle.  I ti s n ot know n  w h a t br ou gh t ab out  t his c hang e  in  tactic s, but Ha mil c ar e ng ag ed therebels in bat tl e. Littleis  kn own of t he numbe rs involved or formatio n s used,  ex ceptthat  the batt lewas ho tly contes ted an d the  C art h a ginia n s  u lti ma tely emerg e d  vi ctori ou s. R ebel lo sses were 10,000 k i lle d and 4,000 c apt ured . Sp end i us and  A u tar i t us escaped thebattle and  m a de  for Hippo .  Ca rt haginia n losse s are not kno wn.

Afte rmath
Ham il card e cid e to showclemency  to the r e bel p r is oners . H e offe re d t o enl ist th o sewho w ere wi ll ing to  serv eunder hi m, the others he offere d to l et go  if  they pro mis e d t o leave A fric a, and a s ubs tan tialnum b er jo ined th e C a rthag inia n  side. By do ing t hi s, Hamilcar c o uld  enti ced eserte rs a way from the rebe l  army, a factwhic h the  re b el l ea ders were keen lyaw a r e of. Ha mi lcar next b egan mop pi n g upaction  of th e surro u n di n g coun trys ide .

A seri esof eventsal so took p lace  w hile H amilca r  was c ampaigning and H annot h e Gre a t w as ke ep ing wat c h on 
 main_body, while_the Numidians took position_on the_Carthaginian_rear. Hamilcar’s_army_was trapped with_no hope of_relief. Cut off from_provisions, Spendius only_had_to wait until hunger drove Hamilcar into desperate measures. The exact location of this_mountain_valley is_not_known,_it is speculated to be_either near the town of_Nepehris, or_at some location further to the south or_southwest.

Navaras_defects to Hamilcar

Navaras_was a Numidian chieftain commanding 2,000 horsemen and guarding_the path through which Hamilcar Barca’s_army had entered_the_valley._He had family ties_with Carthaginians and decided to switch_sides. Navaras approached the Carthaginian camp_undetected with a small escort, signaled for_a parley and entered the camp_unarmed and alone. He won_Hamilcar’s trust_and was promised the hand_of Hamilcar’s daughter_in exchange_for his help._Navaras returned to his army, and_deserted to the_Carthaginians at the agreed upon time_and_before the rebel_army_could_take action._Hamilcar exited the_trap_unopposed and_regained_his freedom of maneuver.

The battle
Soon after_Hamilcar’s_army escaped the trap and was joined_by Navaras, Spendius gave_up_his harassing tactics and_decided to give battle. It_is not known what brought about_this change_in tactics,_but Hamilcar engaged the rebels in battle. Little is known of_the numbers involved or formations used,_except that the battle_was hotly_contested_and the Carthaginians_ultimately_emerged victorious._Rebel losses were 10,000 killed and 4,000_captured. Spendius_and Autaritus escaped the battle and_made for Hippo. Carthaginian_losses_are not known.

Aftermath
Hamilcar decide to show_clemency to the rebel prisoners. He_offered to enlist those who_were_willing_to serve under him, the_others he offered to let go_if they promised_to leave Africa, and a substantial number_joined_the Carthaginian side. By doing this,_Hamilcar_could entice deserters away from the_rebel_army,_a fact which the rebel_leaders were keenly aware of. Hamilcar_next began mopping up action of the surrounding countryside.

A_series of events_also took place while Hamilcar_was_campaigning_and Hanno the Great was keeping watch on