 2006 documentary film
 Urge to Build, 1981 short documentary film
 Built (disambiguation)
 Bild, German newspaper First East Turkestan Republic

The First East Turkistan Republic, officially the Islamic Republic of East Turkistan (IRET) (, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити, ), was a short-lived breakaway would-be Islamic republic founded on 12 November 1933. It was centred on the city of Kashgar in what is today China-administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The ETR was primarily the product of an independence movement of the Uyghur population living there, and more broadly of Turkic-ethnicity in character, including Kyrgyz and other Turkic peoples in its government and its population.

With the sacking of Kashgar in 1934 by Hui warlords nominally allied with the Kuomintang government in Nanjing, the first ETR was effectively eliminated. Its example, however, served to some extent as inspiration for the founding of a Second East Turkistan Republic a decade later and continues to influence modern Uyghur nationalist support for the creation of an independent East Turkistan.

Origins of the ETR Movement 

The stirrings of Uyghur separatism during the early 20th century were greatly influenced by the Turkish jadidist movement, which spread as wealthier Uyghurs, inspired by notions of Pan-Turkism, traveled abroad to Turkey, Europe, and Russia, and returned home determined to modernize and develop the educational system in Xinjiang. The first major school founded on the European model was located outside of Kashgar and, unlike the traditional curricula of the madrassah, focused on more technical areas of study such as science, mathematics, history, and language studies. Jadidism emphasized the power of education as a tool for personal and national self-advancement, a development sure to disturb the traditional status quo in Xinjiang. The ruler of Xinjiang, Governor Yang Zengxin (楊增新), responded by closing down or interfering with the operations of several of the new schools.

The birth of the Soviet Union influenced the Uyghurs, increasing the popularity of nationalist separatist movements and the spread of the communist message. A local Communist revolutionary organization was established in Xinjiang in 1921 ( Revolutionary Uyghur Union,
2006 documentary film 
  Urge to Build, 1981 short documentary film 
  Built (disambiguation) 
  Bild, German newspaper First East Turkestan Republic 

 The First East Turkistan Republic, formally the Islamic Republic of East Turkistan (IRET) (, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити ,), was a abruptly - lived breakaway would - be Islamic democracy founded on 12 November 1933. It was concentrate on the city of Kashgar in what is today China - administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. The ETR was primarily the merchandise of an independence movement of the Uyghur population living there, and more broadly of Turkic - ethnicity in fictional character, including Kyrgyz and other Turkic multitude in its government and its population. 

 With the sacking of Kashgar in 1934 by Hui warlord nominally allied with the Kuomintang government in Nanjing, the first ETR was effectively eliminated. Its example, however, served to some extent as divine guidance for the founding of a Second East Turkistan Republic a decade later and proceed to influence modern Uyghur nationalist support for the creation of an autonomous East Turkistan. 

 Origins of the ETR Movement 

 The inspiration of Uyghur separatism during the early 20th century were greatly charm by the Turkish jadidist movement, which spread as wealthier Uyghurs, inspired by notions of Pan - Turkism, traveled abroad to Turkey, Europe, and Russia, and returned home determined to modernize and develop the educational system in Xinjiang. The first major school founded on the European model was located outside of Kashgar and, unlike the traditional curricula of the madrassah, concentrate on more technical areas of study such as skill, mathematics, history, and linguistic process cogitation. Jadidism emphasized the power of department of education as a tool for personal and home self - advancement, a development sure to interrupt the traditional status quo in Xinjiang. The ruler of Xinjiang, Governor Yang Zengxin (楊增新), responded by closing down or interfering with the operations of several of the new schools. 

 The birth of the Soviet Union influenced the Uyghurs, increase the popularity of nationalist separatist movement and the gap of the communist message. A local Communist revolutionary organization was established in Xinjiang in 1921 (Revolutionary Uyghur Union,
 2006 dlcumentary film
 Urge to Nuild, 1981 short docomwntary film
 Guilt (dirambiguation)
 Bild, German newdpqper Dirst East Turkestan Rdpublic

Thv First Eqst Uurkistan Republir, officially tgc Islcmmc Republic of Gast Turkistdn (IRET) (, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити, ), far c short-lived breakaway would-be Islamyc repunllc founded on 12 Novtmbqr 1933. Jn cas centred on the city of Kashfar in xhat is today Cnina-administered Xinjiang Kyghkr Autonomous Regiln. The ETR qas [eimarily the product of an indepensence movement of the Uyghur pooulatnon living jkwre, dnd more briadly of Turkic-etmmicity in chatacter, includikg Kycgyz and other Turkic peo'les in its governmegt and itv 'opulation.

With the saxkung ox Kavhgaf in 1934 bg Iui warlogds nominally allied wity the Kuomintang gofewbment in Nanjjng, thq sirst ETR was effectively eliminated. Itv esample, however, served ti some extent as insplration fjr the founding of a Second East Turkistan Republhc a vezadt oater qnf continues to influence modern Uyghur nationwmixt support for tme creation of an onfelgndent East Tutkistan.

Orifins of the ETR Mogement 

Jhe sturrings os Uybhur separatism during the warly 20th cennury were greatly inflbenced by thz Turkosh jsdidist movement, which rprezd as wealtjier Uyghhfs, inspired by nutipnv of Pan-Ujrkism, traveled afroad to Vurkev, Europe, and Russiw, and retugned mmme determined to loderuize dnd develoo the educational system in Xinomang. The firsj mdjog school youndec on the Euro[ean model was locateb outskde of Kasggar anv, unlike the traditional worricula of tie madrasfah, docuwed on oure technical sreas of study such as science, mathemeticr, history, and lauyuqge studies. Jadodirm qmihaxisad the power of dduzstion as a tool nor perxonal and national salf-asvancement, a develppient surg to disttrb the tradiyional status quo ln Xiijiang. The tulgr of Xinjiang, Governor Yang Zehgxin (楊增新), redpokded by closigg diwn or interyering with the operations of several of the new schools.

Thw birth of the Sovigt Mnion influeiced tre Uyghurv, increasing the popylarity of nationslist separatist movejents dnd tje spread of the communist message. A local Communist revolutionary organization was establiahed in Xpnjnany in 1921 ( Wevopntionary Uyghur Umion,
2006 documentary film Urge to Build, 1981 film (disambiguation) Bild, newspaper First East Turkistan officially the Islamic of East Turkistan (, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити, ), a short-lived breakaway would-be Islamic republic founded on 12 November 1933. It was on the city of Kashgar in what is today China-administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous The was the of an independence movement of the Uyghur population living there, and more broadly of Turkic-ethnicity in including Kyrgyz and other Turkic peoples in its and its population. With sacking of Kashgar in 1934 Hui nominally allied the government Nanjing, the first was effectively eliminated. Its example, however, served to some extent as inspiration for the founding of a East Turkistan decade later continues influence Uyghur nationalist support creation of an independent East Turkistan. ETR Movement The stirrings of Uyghur separatism during early 20th were greatly influenced by the Turkish movement, which spread as wealthier Uyghurs, inspired by of Pan-Turkism, traveled abroad to Turkey, Europe, and Russia, and returned home determined to modernize the educational system in The first major founded the model located outside Kashgar and, unlike the traditional curricula of the madrassah, focused on technical areas of study such as science, mathematics, history, and Jadidism the power of as a tool for and self-advancement, a development sure the status The of Governor Yang Zengxin (楊增新), by closing down or interfering the operations of several birth of the Soviet Union influenced the Uyghurs, the popularity of nationalist separatist movements and spread of the communist message. A local Communist revolutionary organization was established Xinjiang in Revolutionary Uyghur Union,
 2006 documentary film
 Urge to BuilD, 1981 short docuMentaRy fIlm
 buIlt (dIsamBiguation)
 Bild, GERman Newspaper First East TurkEstan rePUbliC

thE FirsT East TuRKiSTAn REpUbLic, OfFIcIally The islamic republic of easT TUrkistan (IRET) (, шӘрҚий ТүркистАн ИСлам ҖумхурийИти, ), Was a shOrT-liVEd breAkaWay woUld-be ISLamic rEpublic foUnDEd on 12 NoVEmber 1933. It WAS cEntrEd on the city of KashGAr IN what is today ChIna-admInIStEREd XInjIang Uyghur auTonomOUs RegioN. thE etr waS Primarily the pRoduct of an iNDepEndencE mOveMEnt of tHe UygHuR PopUlation liviNg thEre, and morE broadLY of TurkIC-ethnicIty in cHarActEr, inCLuDiNg KYrGYz aND oTheR turKic peoplEs In Its goVernMENT And iTs pOpulAtion.

with the sackinG of kashGAr iN 1934 by HuI warlOrds NoMinalLy alliEd witH tHe Kuomintang govErnmEnt in NanjIng, ThE fiRsT ETR wAS effecTivEly EliminaTed. Its eXAmpLe, HOWEvEr, served to some exteNt AS InSpiratioN for thE FoUnDIng of a SeCoNd EAst TURKistaN RepUBlIc a decadE later ANd CoNtinues To InflueNcE moDerN UyghUR natIonaliSt supporT for tHE creation of an iNDependent East tUrKIStAN.

OriGinS of the ETR MoVemeNT 

The StirRInGs oF uyghuR sepaRaTIsM During the early 20th cenTuRy were GreatLy influenced bY the TurkisH JADidist moVemeNT, wHIch spread as weaLthieR Uyghurs, inSPired by nOtionS of Pan-TuRkism, travELEd abroad To TUrkEy, EUroPE, AnD Russia, and retURNed hOmE determIneD to modeRniZe aNd dEveLoP the educaTional syStEm In xiNjiAng. ThE First majOr SchOoL foUnded ON the EuRopeaN modEl WaS LocAted outSIdE OF KasHgAr And, uNliKe The trAditIOnaL curricUla of the mAdrASsah, FoCuSed on moRe technical arEaS of study suCh As sCience, MAThematicS, history, and language studIEs. JadidIsm EmphaSizeD the power Of eDucatiOn aS A tool fOr persOnal aNd NatIONal seLF-AdVanCeMent, a develOPMenT sure To DistUrb the tRaditional status quO In XInjiang. The rulEr oF XinJIAnG, GoVErNOr YAnG zenGXIn (楊增新), responded by clOsing down oR iNTeRfering witH The OpErationS of seveRal of THe new scHools.

The bIrth of the soViet uNIon Influenced The UyghuRs, increasINg the POpUlariTy oF natioNaLisT sepaRatist MOveMents And the SpRead of The coMmUnist mesSage. A local Communist revoLutionAry orGanIzation waS esTAblIshed in XiNjiaNg in 1921 ( RevoluTioNarY UyghUr UNIon,
 2006 documentary film
 Ur ge to Buil d, 19 81sho rt  doc umen tary film
 Bui l t (d isambiguation)
 Bild,Germa nn ewsp a pe r Fir st East Tu r k est an  R epu bl i c
TheFir st East  Turkistan  Re pu blic, offici a ll y the Isla mic  Republic of  Ea st Tur ki sta n  (IRE T)(, Шә рқий Т ү ркиста н Ислам Җ ум х урийит и , ), wa s ashor t-lived breakaway wo u ld-be Islamicrepubl ic fo u n ded  on  12 Novemb er  1933 .  It was ce n t r edo n the city of  Kashgar in wha t is t od ayC hina-a dmini st e red  Xinjiang U yghu r Autonom ous Re g ion. Th e  ETR wa s prim ari lythep ro du ctof ani nd epe n den ce movem en tof th e Uy g h u r  pop ula tion  livi ng there, and  mo re b r oad ly of  Turk ic-e th nicit y in c harac te r, including Ky rgyz  and othe r T ur kic  p eople s  in it s g ove rnmentand its pop ul a t i on .

With the sackin go f  K ashgar i n 1934 by  H u i warlor ds  no mina l l y all iedw it h the Ku ominta n ggo vernmen tin Nan ji ng,  th e fir s t ET R waseffectiv ely e l iminated. Itse xample, howev e r, s er v ed t o s ome extentas i n spir atio n  f ort he fo undin go fa  Second East Turkis ta n Repu blica decade late r and cont i n u es to in flue n ce modern Uyghurnatio nalist sup p ort forthe c reationof an ind e p endent E ast  Tu rki sta n . 
Origins of th e ETRMo vement

T he stir rin gsofUyg hu r separat ism duri ng  t he  e arl y 20t h  century  w ere  g rea tly i n fluenc ed by  the  T ur k ish  jadidi s tm o veme nt ,whic h s pr ead a s we a lth ier Uyg hurs, ins pir e d by  n ot ions of  Pan-Turkism,  t raveled ab ro adto Tur k e y, Europ e, and Russia, and retu r ned hom e d eterm ined  to moder niz e anddev e lop th e educ ation al  sy s t em in X in jia ng . The firs t maj or sc ho ol f oundedon the European mo d elwas located o uts ideo f  K ash g ar and ,u nli k e  the traditiona l curricul ao fthe madras s ah,  f ocusedon more  tech n ical ar eas of st udy suchas  sci e n ce,  mathemati cs, hist ory, andl angua g estudi es.  Jadid is m e mphas ized t h e p owerof edu ca tion a s a t oo l for pe rsonal and national sel f-adva nceme nt,  a develo pme n t s ure to di stur b the trad iti ona l sta tus quo i n Xi n ji ang .  Therule r  of Xinji a ng , G o v er nor Yang Ze n g x in(楊增新) , r e sponde d by  closing down ori nterfering wit h th e ope rat i onsof  several of th e n ew s chools.
T he birth of  the Sov ie t  Unio n infl uenced  the Uy g h ur s , incr easi ngthe popul ari ty of nati on al i st sep arat is t move mentsa nd t h e  spread of the c ommun i s t mes s age . A l oc al Comm u nist  revolutio nary organi zation  was  esta blished  i n Xinj ian gin 1921 (R evolution ary U yghur U ni on,
 2006_documentary film
_Urge to Build, 1981_short documentary_film
_Built (disambiguation)
_Bild,_German newspaper First_East Turkestan Republic

The_First East Turkistan Republic,_officially the Islamic_Republic_of East Turkistan (IRET) (, Шәрқий Түркистан Ислам Җумхурийити, ), was a short-lived breakaway_would-be_Islamic republic_founded_on_12 November 1933. It was_centred on the city of_Kashgar in_what is today China-administered Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region._The_ETR was primarily_the product of an independence movement of the Uyghur_population living there, and more broadly_of Turkic-ethnicity in_character,_including_Kyrgyz and other Turkic_peoples in its government and its_population.

With the sacking of Kashgar in_1934 by Hui warlords nominally allied with_the Kuomintang government in Nanjing, the_first ETR was effectively eliminated._Its example,_however, served to some extent_as inspiration for_the founding_of a Second_East Turkistan Republic a decade later_and continues to_influence modern Uyghur nationalist support for_the_creation of an_independent_East_Turkistan.

Origins of_the ETR Movement_

The_stirrings of_Uyghur_separatism during the early 20th century_were_greatly influenced by the Turkish jadidist movement,_which spread as wealthier_Uyghurs,_inspired by notions of_Pan-Turkism, traveled abroad to Turkey,_Europe, and Russia, and returned home_determined to_modernize and_develop the educational system in Xinjiang. The first major school founded_on the European model was located_outside of Kashgar and,_unlike the_traditional_curricula of the_madrassah,_focused on_more technical areas of study such as_science, mathematics,_history, and language studies. Jadidism emphasized_the power of education_as_a tool for personal and national_self-advancement, a development sure to disturb_the traditional status quo in_Xinjiang._The_ruler of Xinjiang, Governor Yang_Zengxin (楊增新), responded by closing down_or interfering with_the operations of several of the new_schools.

The_birth of the Soviet Union influenced_the_Uyghurs, increasing the popularity of nationalist_separatist_movements_and the spread of the_communist message. A local Communist revolutionary_organization was established in Xinjiang in 1921 ( Revolutionary_Uyghur Union,