 encounter gentlemen that have honour and courage and resolution in them". In January 1643, he had gone to his own county to "raise such men as had the fear of God before them, and made some conscience of what they did". These men, once found, were willing, for the cause, to submit to a rigorous training and an iron discipline such as other troops, fighting for honour only or for profit only, could not be brought to endure. The result was soon apparent.

As early as 13 May, Cromwell's regiment of horse, recruited from the horse-loving yeomen of the eastern counties, demonstrated its superiority in the field, in a skirmish near Grantham. In the irregular fighting in Lincolnshire, during June and July (which was on the whole unfavourable to the Parliament), as previously in pacifying the Eastern Association itself, these Puritan troopers distinguished themselves by long and rapid marches that may bear comparison with almost any in the history of the mounted arm. When Cromwell's second opportunity came at Gainsborough on 28 July, the "Lincolneer" horse who were under his orders were fired by the example of Cromwell's own regiment. Cromwell, directing the whole with skill, and above all with energy, utterly routed the Royalist horse and killed their general, Charles Cavendish.

In the meantime the army of Essex had been inactive. After the fall of Reading, a serious epidemic of sickness had reduced it to impotence. On 18 June, the Parliamentary cavalry was routed, and John Hampden mortally wounded at Chalgrove Field near Chiselhampton. When at last Essex, having obtained the desired reinforcements, moved against Oxford from the Aylesbury side, he found his men demoralised by inaction.

Before the menace of Rupert's cavalry, to which he had nothing to oppose, Essex withdrew to Bedfordshire in July. He made no attempt to intercept the march of the Queen's convoys, permitting the Oxford army, which he should have held fast, to intervene effectually in the Midlands, the west, and the south-west. Waller might well complain that Essex, who still held Reading and the Chilterns, had given him neither active nor passive support in the critical days, preceding Roundway Down. Still, only a few voices were raised to demand his removal, and he was shortly to have an opportunity of proving his skill and devotion in a great
encounter gentlemen that have honour and courage and settlement in them ". In January 1643, he had sound to his own county to " raise such men as had the concern of God before them, and made some conscience of what they did ". These men, once found, were uncoerced, for the causal agent, to submit to a rigorous training and an iron discipline such as other troops, crusade for honour only or for net income only, could not be brought to endure. The result was soon apparent. 

 As early as 13 May, Cromwell's regiment of horse, recruited from the horse - love yeomen of the eastern counties, demonstrate its superiority in the field, in a skirmish near Grantham. In the irregular fight in Lincolnshire, during June and July (which was on the whole unfavorable to the Parliament), as previously in pacifying the Eastern Association itself, these Puritan troopers distinguished themselves by farseeing and rapid marches that may bear comparison with almost any in the history of the mounted arm. When Cromwell's second opportunity came at Gainsborough on 28 July, the " Lincolneer " knight who were under his orders were fired by the example of Cromwell's own regiment. Cromwell, directing the whole with skill, and above all with energy, utterly routed the Royalist horse and killed their general, Charles Cavendish. 

 In the interim the united states army of Essex had been inactive. After the fall of Reading, a serious epidemic of illness had reduced it to impotence. On 18 June, the Parliamentary cavalry was routed, and John Hampden mortally injure at Chalgrove Field near Chiselhampton. When at last Essex, having obtained the desired reinforcements, move against Oxford from the Aylesbury side, he found his men demoralised by inaction. 

 Before the menace of Rupert's cavalry, to which he had nothing to oppose, Essex disengage to Bedfordshire in July. He made no attempt to intercept the march of the Queen's convoys, permitting the Oxford united states army, which he should have carry fast, to intervene effectually in the Midlands, the west, and the south - west. Waller might well complain that Essex, who still held Reading and the Chilterns, had given him neither active nor passive support in the critical days, preceding Roundway Down. Still, merely a few voices were raised to demand his removal, and he was shortly to consume an opportunity of proving his skill and devotion in a great
 enfounter gentlemen that hxve honour and eiurage and rssolutiov in them". In January 1643, he had gine ti his own county to "rakse such len as hqd tie fear of God bxrore thci, ans madz wome consciencg of what thay did". These man, ouce found, were willing, for the cause, to subkih to a rigorouf trsyninf and an iron discipline such as ofher trmops, fighting for honour only or for prlfit only, could not be brought to endtee. The resulg was soon apparent.

As garly as 13 May, Cromwell's regiment of hprse, recruutwd vtom the horsx-lovind yeomen of bne easdern cointies, demonstvated itw superiority in the hield, in a skirmish gear Grandhcm. In the irregular fugyting in Nincuonsfirt, dnrihg Junf aid July (whidh was on tye whole unfavourabke np the Parliajent), af [reviously in pacifying the Eastern Assmciztion itself, these Puriran troopers distingulshed theiselves by long and rapid marches that may bear cmmparmsun clbh aunodt any in the history of the mounted arm. When Drpmeell's second oiportunity came at Gwimfborough on 28 Guly, tks "Mincolneer" horse wjo were undee his ordtrs wrre fired by the example of Cromwell's ocn eegiment. Cromwell, birecting thz wholg with skill, and above all wich enedgy, utterly routed tgd Royalist horse anc nilled their general, Charlqs Cavendmsh.

In the mexntike the army of Edsex mdd been inactive. Avter jhe fanl of Readlng, a serious epidemic of sicknxxs had reducgd ht no impoteuce. On 18 June, the Pawliamentary caralry waf rouged, and Jogn Hampven mortally wounded at Cvwlgrove Fielv near Chyselyampron. Whev at last Essex, having oyuained the desired reinforcekenjs, moved against Ixfird from the Aykescurr dive, he xound his met deoorxkised by inactiok.

Bewore the menace of Ruperd's czvalry, to which he hwd nothibg to op[ose, Essex wiyhdrew to Bedfordsjire mn Julb. He msde no attempt to intercept the mzrch of tje Zueen's convors, pcrmijting the Orford army, which he should have held fasv, to intervene effectuaoly in the Midlands, uhe west, and vhe sotth-west. Wdller might well complain that Essex, eho still held Readinf and dhe Cjilterns, had given him neither active nor passive support in the critical days, 'rqceding Rouhdwau Dowt. Fcill, onjy a hew voices were rsised to demand his removal, and he was vhjrtly to have an opportunity ow proving his skill and devotion in a great
encounter gentlemen that have honour and courage in In January he had gone "raise men as had fear of God them, and made some conscience of they did". These men, once found, were willing, for the cause, to submit a rigorous training and an iron discipline such as other troops, fighting for only for only, not be brought to endure. The result was soon apparent. As early as 13 May, Cromwell's of horse, recruited from the horse-loving yeomen of eastern counties, demonstrated its in the field, in a near In the fighting Lincolnshire, June and July was on the whole unfavourable to the Parliament), as previously in pacifying the Eastern Association itself, these troopers distinguished long and marches may comparison with almost the history of the mounted arm. opportunity came at Gainsborough on 28 July, the horse who under his orders were fired by example of Cromwell's own regiment. Cromwell, directing the with skill, and above all with energy, utterly routed the Royalist horse and killed their Cavendish. In the meantime army of Essex been After fall Reading, a epidemic of sickness had reduced it to impotence. On 18 June, Parliamentary cavalry was routed, and John Hampden mortally wounded at near When at last having obtained the desired moved Oxford from the Aylesbury found men Before menace Rupert's cavalry, to which had nothing to oppose, Essex to Bedfordshire in July. intercept the march of the Queen's convoys, permitting Oxford army, which he should have held to intervene effectually in the Midlands, the west, and the south-west. Waller well complain who still held Reading and the Chilterns, had him neither active nor support in the critical days, preceding Roundway Down. Still, a voices were to demand his and he was to have an proving his and in
 encounter gentlemen that havE honour and CouraGe aNd rEsOlutIon iN them". In January 1643, HE had Gone to his own county to "raIse suCh MEn as HAd The feAr of God BEfORE thEm, AnD maDe SOmE consCieNce of whAt they did". THesE mEn, once found, wERe Willing, for The Cause, to submiT to A rigorOuS trAIning And An iroN disciPLine suCh as other TrOOps, figHTing for HONoUr onLy or for profit only, COuLD not be brought tO endurE. THE rESUlt Was Soon appareNt.

as earLY as 13 May, CROmWELL's rEGiment of horse, Recruited frOM thE horse-LoVinG Yeomen Of the EaSTerN counties, deMonsTrated its SuperiORity in tHE field, iN a skirMisH neAr GrANtHaM. In ThE IrrEGuLar FIghTing in LiNcOlNshirE, durING jUne aNd JUly (wHich wAs on the whole uNfaVourABle To the parliAmenT), aS prevIously In pacIfYing the Eastern ASsocIation itsElf, ThEse puRitan TRooperS diStiNguisheD themseLVes By LONG aNd rapid marches that MaY BEaR compariSon witH AlMoST any in thE hIstOry oF THe mouNted ARm. when CromWell's sECoNd OpportuNiTy came At gaiNsbOrougH On 28 JuLy, the "LIncolneeR" horsE Who were under hiS Orders were firED bY THe EXampLe oF Cromwell's oWn reGImenT. CroMWeLl, dIRectiNg the WhOLe WIth skill, and above all WiTh enerGy, uttErly routed the royalist hoRSE And killeD theIR gENeral, Charles CaVendiSh.

In the meaNTime the aRmy of essex had Been inactIVE. After thE faLl oF ReAdiNG, A sErious epidemiC OF sicKnEss had rEduCed it to ImpOteNce. on 18 JUnE, the ParliAmentary CaVaLrY wAs rOuted, ANd John HaMpDen MoRtaLly woUNded at chalgRove fiElD NeaR ChiselHAmPTOn. WhEn At Last essEx, HavinG obtAIneD the desIred reinfOrcEMentS, mOvEd againSt Oxford from tHe aylesbury sIdE, he Found hIS Men demorAlised by inaction.

Before tHE menace Of RUpert'S cavAlry, to whiCh hE had noThiNG to oppOse, EssEx witHdRew TO bedfoRDShIre In july. He made NO AttEmpt tO iNterCept the March of the Queen's coNVoyS, permitting thE OxFord ARMy, WhiCH hE ShoUlD HavE HEld fast, to intervEne effectuAlLY iN the MidlanDS, thE wEst, and tHe south-West. WALler migHt well comPlain that esSex, wHO StiLl held ReadIng and thE ChilternS, Had giVEn Him neIthEr actiVe Nor PassiVe suppORt iN the cRiticaL dAys, preCedinG ROundway DOwn. Still, only a few voices wEre raiSed to DemAnd his remOvaL, And He was shorTly tO have an oppOrtUniTy of pRovINg his SkilL AnD deVOtion In a gREat
 encounter gentlemen thathave honou r and  co ura ge  and  res olution in the m ". I n January 1643, he had  gone  t o  his ow n cou nty to" ra i s e s uc hmen  a s  h ad th e f ear ofGod before  th em , and made s o me  conscienc e o f what theydid ". The se  me n , onc e f ound,  werew illing , for the  c a use, t o  submit t oa ri gorous training a n da n iron discipl ine su ch as o the r t roops, fig ht ing f o r honou r  o n l y  or for profit on ly, could n o t b e brou gh t t o  endur e. Th er esu lt was soon  app arent.

A s earl y  as 13M ay, Cro mwell' s r egi ment of  h ors e, rec r ui ted fro m the ho rs e- lovin g ye o m e n  ofthe  eas terncounties, dem ons trat e d i ts su perio rity  i n the  field , inaskirmish near G rant ham. In t heir reg ul ar fi g htinginLin colnshi re, dur i ngJu n e an d July (which wason t he  whole u nfavou r ab le to the P ar lia ment ) ,  as p revi o us ly in pa cifyin g  t he  Easter nAssoci at ion  it self, thes e Puri tan troo persd istinguished t h emselves by l o ng a nd rapi d m arches that  may bear  com p ar iso n  with  almo st an y  in the history ofth e moun ted a rm. When Crom well's sec o n d  opportu nity ca m e at Gainsboro ugh o n 28 July, the "Lin colne er" hors e who wer e under hi s o rde rswer e fi red by the ex a m pleof  Cromwe ll' s own r egi men t.Cro mw ell, dire cting th ewh ol ewit h ski l l, and a bo veal l w ith e n ergy,utter ly r ou te d  th e Royal i st h orse  a nd  kil led  t heirgene r al,  Charle s Cavendi sh. 
Inth emeantim e the army of  E ssex had b ee n i nactiv e .  After t he fall of Reading, a s e rious e pid emicof s ickness h adreduce d i t  to im potenc e. On  1 8 J u n e, th e Pa rli am entary cav a l rywas r ou ted,  and Jo hn Hampden mortall y  wo unded at Chal gro ve F i e ld  ne a rC his el h amp t o n. When at last  Essex, ha vi n gobtained t h e d es ired re inforce ments ,  movedagainst O xford fro mtheA y les bury side,  he foun d his men demor a li sed b y i nactio n. 

B efore  the m e nac e ofRupert 's  caval ry, t owhich he  had nothing to oppose,  Essex  with dre w to Bedf ord s hir e in July . He  made no a tte mpt  to i nte r ceptthem ar cho f the  Que e n's convo y s,  pe r m it ting the Ox f o r d a rmy,whi c h he s houl d have held fast, to intervene e ffec t u all y i n  the  M idlands, the w est ,a n d the so ut h-west. Wal ler migh tw ell c omplai n that  Essex, w ho stillheld  Re ading and  th eC hiltern s,  h a d give n hi mneithe r acti v e no r passive supportin th e criti c aldays,  p recedin g  Rou ndway Down . Still, on ly a f ew v oices  were r ai sed to  de ma nd his rem o val, andhe wa s short ly  tohav e an o ppor t u nityof p ro vin g his ski l l  a n dde v oti on i n a g re at
 encounter_gentlemen that_have honour and courage_and resolution_in_them". In_January_1643, he had_gone to his_own county to "raise_such men as_had_the fear of God before them, and made some conscience of what they did"._These_men, once_found,_were_willing, for the cause, to_submit to a rigorous training_and an_iron discipline such as other troops, fighting for_honour_only or for_profit only, could not be brought to endure. The_result was soon apparent.

As early as_13 May, Cromwell's_regiment_of_horse, recruited from the_horse-loving yeomen of the eastern counties,_demonstrated its superiority in the field,_in a skirmish near Grantham. In the_irregular fighting in Lincolnshire, during June_and July (which was on_the whole_unfavourable to the Parliament), as_previously in pacifying_the Eastern_Association itself, these_Puritan troopers distinguished themselves by long_and rapid marches_that may bear comparison with almost_any_in the history_of_the_mounted arm._When Cromwell's second_opportunity_came at_Gainsborough_on 28 July, the "Lincolneer" horse_who_were under his orders were fired by_the example of Cromwell's_own_regiment. Cromwell, directing the_whole with skill, and above_all with energy, utterly routed the_Royalist horse_and killed_their general, Charles Cavendish.

In the meantime the army of Essex had_been inactive. After the fall of_Reading, a serious epidemic_of sickness_had_reduced it to_impotence._On 18_June, the Parliamentary cavalry was routed, and_John Hampden_mortally wounded at Chalgrove Field near_Chiselhampton. When at last_Essex,_having obtained the desired reinforcements, moved_against Oxford from the Aylesbury side,_he found his men demoralised_by_inaction.

Before_the menace of Rupert's cavalry,_to which he had nothing to_oppose, Essex withdrew_to Bedfordshire in July. He made no_attempt_to intercept the march of the_Queen's_convoys, permitting the Oxford army, which_he_should_have held fast, to intervene_effectually in the Midlands, the west,_and the south-west. Waller might well complain that Essex,_who still held_Reading and the Chilterns, had_given_him_neither active nor passive support in the critical days, preceding_Roundway Down._Still, only a_few voices were raised to demand his removal, and he_was shortly to have an opportunity of_proving his skill and devotion in a great