Ultraviolet Lamps - A Mineral Collector's Primer:
INTRODUCTORY NOTE: UV lights are not toys! They are fun, and attractive and intriguing to kids, but they can also be dangerous - please read my separate caution note here before purchasing or using a UV lamp with or for kids....
First, what’s the difference between a fluorescent light and an ultraviolet light?
This is confusing, because a lot of folks use the terms interchangeably. Typically a fluorescent light produces white light, and they are very commonly used in offices, schools and many homes as the primary artificial light source. Ultraviolet lights produce ultraviolet rays, and are used in germicidal applications, tanning salons, and to cause other objects (like posters) to glow (fluoresce). The confusion comes from the fact that fluorescent lights use ultraviolet raysinternally to cause their phosphor coatings to produce white light externally, while ultraviolet lights produce ultraviolet rays externally to produce effects which white light doesn’t (like suntanning, or killing germs, or causing fluorescent objects to fluoresce).
OK, so what is ultraviolet light (UV)?
Scientists use a model of light that characterizes it by its wavelength; for example, the wavelength of red light is about 650 nanometers. Violet light has a shorter wavelength, about 400 nanometers. However, visible light is only a small part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Wavelengths just longer than red are called infrared (and invisible to humans), while light below the wavelength of violet light is called ultraviolet (also invisible to humans). Longwave UV (UVA) peaks at about 360 nanometers, while shortwave UV (UVC) peaks at about 254 nanometers. Midwave UV (UVB) is generally considered to peak at about 312 nanometers.
What is the difference between longwave and shortwave UV lamps?
True longwave UV lamps produce mostly longwave UV light; they have a special filter which screens out most (but not all) visible light. "Blacklights" are an inexpensive way of producing longwave UV; they too have a visible light filter, but it is much less effective than that on a true longwave UV lamp. For most hobby and fluorescent display applications, "blacklights" will work, they just cast a blue cast on everything, which is not fluorescence but reflection. Longwave UV light is present in sunlight, and is generally not considered harmful to humans.
Shortwave UV lamps come in two types – filtered and unfiltered. Unfiltered shortwave lamps invariably produce a lot of visible light in addition to the shortwave UV light; they are fine for germicidal applications, but are largely useless in examining or displaying fluorescent objects – the visible light produced simply drowns out any fluorescence produced. Filtered shortwave lamps use a very expensive filter which allows shortwave UV through, but filters out almost all visible light; they are the ones which are used by scientists or hobbyists observing fluorescent minerals. Midwave UV lamps use the same filter as shortwave lamps, but use a special phosphor inside (or outside) the tube to produce mostly midwave UV light. Although both midwave and shortwave UV are produced by the sun, our Earth’s atmosphere filters out virtually all of the shortwave UV, and most of the midwave UV as well. This is a good thing for us, because long-term exposure to midwave and/or shortwave UV light is suspected to cause skin cancer and cataracts. For protection, you should always wear safety glasses (which block UV) when using shortwave or midwave UV lamps. Limiting skin exposure is also essential - I have personally received a bad "sunburn" on the back of my hand from < 5 min. of sporadic exposure to a powerful shortwave lamp while simply moving specimens around in a display....
What kind of lamp do I need for fluorescent mineral collecting?
The good news: for beginning hobbyists, an inexpensive "blacklight" is a good way to get started; they are widely available, fun, and will work fine for minerals which fluoresce brightly when exposed to longwave UV. Small inexpensive (~$10) battery-powered "blacklights" are available for field collecting. Recently a new product has come onto the scene: the Convoy S2 365nm flashlight. This device is an LED battery-powered longwave flashlight which will project a very bright beam of filtered longwave UV - while not particularly useful for a display (because of the narrowly focused beam), it is an amazing tool for collecting, and for differentiating between fluorescent and non-fluorescent specimens - I have seen it advertised for as little as ~$30... One caveat - this beam is so powerful that it is dangerous to point it at people - any young rockhound's use of it should be supervised...
The bad news: most minerals don’t fluoresce at all, and of those that do, only a relatively small percentage are really bright under longwave UV. In order to see all the bright colors which make fluorescent minerals so attractive, eventually you may want to buy a good shortwave UV lamp. These are generally much more expensive than longwave UV lamps, and also should be used with care – protective eyewear should always be worn. A good battery-powered shortwave UV field lamp will cost $2-300+, and higher-powered display lamps start at $400 or so, and can run to $1500 or more (!). Midwave lamps are usually purchased only by advanced hobbyists, and are at least as expensive as shortwave UV lamps.
The power (wattage) of the lamp determines both how far from the lamp you can see fluorescent effects, and how brightly the minerals will fluoresce. The amount of UV radiation reaching the illumination target is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the lamp - in other words, you want the lamp as close as possible to the rocks you are trying to light up! So if you are examining rocks in your (gloved) hand, a low-powered shortwave lamp might be fine. If you are setting up a display, the power you will need is determined by the area you want to view - I've found that a 36-watt lamp will adequately light up an area of about 2 feet by 3 feet, as long as the display area is protected from ambient light. And for field collecting, I use a WTC 9-watt lamp - on a dark night, bright-fluorescing minerals can be seen easily as you walk around with the lamp waist-high. Hope that helps, but the subject is complex, and the lamps are expensive - so if you have specific questions, send me an email....Back to Links Page


DeWalt 3 Beam Red Laser Pointer
- Self-Leveling Point Laser with accuracy of +/-1/4″ at 100 ft.
- Single Lever Power Switch locks the pendulum in the off position ensuring greater durability
- Built-in Magnetic Pivoting Bracket for easy mounting on metal surfaces
- Integrated Track Clearance provides fast, accurate bottom and top track installation
- Overmolded Housing maintains calibration under job site conditions
- Focused Laser Beam improves accuracy and visibility by keeping dot size small over longer distances
- Accuracy per 100 ft.: 1/4″
- Power supply: 4 AA alkaline batteries
- Indoor visibility range: 100 ft.
- Laser class: 2 (<1.5mW) at 635nm


1-PROFESSIONAL GAMING OPTICAL SENSOR WITH PRECISE TRACKING: Pixart 3327
High sensitivity optical sensor to improve tracking accuracy
2-1600-3200-6000-12000 DPI ( DPI SWITCH)
Adjustable resolution from 1600-3200-6000-12000 DPI
Numbers of buttons: 7 (left key, right key, scroll, DPI +，DPI -, forward, backward)
4-10 MILLIONS KEY LIFE
Rated over 10 million clicks, ensure reliable durability.
5-PROFESSIONAL GAMING BRAIDED CABLE
More reliable durability.
6-11 MODES LIGHT EFFECT
Cool shape with 11 different modes light effect
7-WITH MACRO FUNCTION & CUSTOMIZED SOFTWARE
It is perfect for playing games with the macro function and customized software that can be adjusted to your preferences.
|Country of Origin||Singapore|


ALLTOP lighting design follows the principles of green, environmental protection and energy saving lighting:
Protecting the environment, including reducing pollutant emissions during the life cycle of lighting fixtures, using clean light sources, natural light sources and green materials to control light pollution.
Energy conservation, high-efficiency electric light source can significantly reduce the energy consumption of cooling lamps to emit heat.
Good health, providing a comfortable, pleasant and safe high-quality lighting environment.
Create a light culture that reflects modern civilization. Adopting high-efficiency energy-saving solar lighting products, we must first select high-efficiency and high-quality light source. The high-quality light source is embodied in the following four points: The light emitted by the light source is the full-color light. The spectral composition of the light should be free of ultraviolet light and infrared light. The color temperature should be close to natural light. The lighting is no-frequency flash, so that the green solar street lighting is in place. On the basis of good light source quality, and matching with high-quality lighting technology, both are indispensable. The integration of solar street lighting technology is reflected in: glare small illumination High illumination distribution uniform lighting control: The most basic function of lighting control is to control the lighting of lighting appliances, suitable for scientific lighting control, to create an environment atmosphere, save energy, easy to use, effective anti-theft, PIR Sensor, intelligent light control High-tech functions such as smart cameras.
The area lighting control adopts the method of light control and time control, infrared combination control, and adopts modular intelligent control system in landscape lighting to meet the creation of various atmospheres. The overall function lighting of the area adopts the combination of light control and time control. When it is sunny, it is controlled by time control mode and rainy day in light control mode to meet the basic function lighting requirements, and at the same time it can control the switch lights well. Time, saving energy. The area lighting control is divided into three modes from the use state: weekday mode, weekend mode, holiday mode. Weekday: Open all functional lighting in the zone to ensure pedestrian safety, and open the landscape lighting of the commercial entertainment zone and the tourism cultural zone. Weekend: Open all functional lighting, commercial entertainment area, tourism and cultural area, and ecological living area leisure and entertainment venue landscape lighting Festival: Open all functional lighting and landscape lighting in the area. Includes performance lighting for tall buildings. Commercial shopping plaza architectural lighting design, landscape garden lighting section.


SEE EVEN THE FASTEST FERRARI!
Ferraris, be they on the road or the race track, can move at such a speed that it can be quite difficult to keep an eye on them so Ferrari has joined forces with one of the world’s leading optical companies, William Optics, to produce an innovative and high performance Ferrari range of binoculars and telescopes.
The Ferrari Visio binoculars are light, high performance and boast cutting edge technology. With eight times magnification, they are powerful, while phase coating of the lens ensures accurate colour representation and yet they weigh just 305 grams. Outside, they are powered-coated in Ferrari red with carbon fibre highlights and the Ferrari logo. They are provided with a stylish Cordura storage pouch and arrive in a Ferrari presentation box, making them an ideal present.
The Ferrari ZenithStar Telescope will, with its 25 to 50 times Zoom Magnification, can pull in even faster, more distant Ferraris, not to mention the occasional extra-terrestrial object! It may be used, with its supplied prism magnifier as a telescope, or, with the adaptor as a camera zoom lens, making it an ideal race track partner. With optional prism magnifiers, it can be converted to a 130 times Zoom telescope. Like the Ferrari Visio binoculars it is powered painted in Ferrari red and carries the Ferrari logo. It is supplied with a red hard case backpack for easy transportation.
Topping the range is the telescope created to mark Ferrari’s 60th Anniversary, the Ferrari ZenithStar Anniversary Edition. Even more powerful, it offers a 20 to 65 times zoom magnification, while with the adaptor, it becomes a highly powerful 430 mm/ F6.2 camera lens. Finished in black carbon fibre, it weights just two kilos, and carries the Ferrari 60th Anniversary logo. Like the normal Zenith Star, it has a prism magnifier for telescope use and hard case backpack for transport.
Full details of the Ferrari range of binoculars and telescopes are available on http://www.williamopticsracing.com and they may be ordered from the web site or via Ferrari dealers.


Payment & Shipping Terms:
|Application:||Optical Distribution Frame ( ODF)||ODF Type:||Rack Mounted &Drawer With Guild Rail|
|Material:||Galvanized Steel Sheet Or Cold Rolled Steel Sheet Or Aluminium Sheet||Connector Type:||LC/FC/SC,simplex, Duplex Etc|
24 port Fiber Optic Patch Panel 1U 19 inch SC / LC Connector Drawer With Guild Rail
Fiber Optic FTTH Box:The terminal box realize the connection between the fiber optical cable and the pigtail, and protect the fiber optic spice. It suits for all the fiber optic cable with its diamater within Φ16 to 22 mm. It apply for indoor. Outdoor, CATV system, etc
1. 19" standard size , easy install
2. Light weight, strong strength, good anti-shocking and dustproof
3. Well cable management, cable can be distinguished easily
4. Roomy space ensure fiber bent ratio
5. Adapter fence can be installed or uninstalled
6. Drawer with guild rail
3.LAN & WAN
3. Product Show:
4. Fiber Optic Patch Panel Specification:
Port Nos.: 24
Working Temperture: -45--+80 deg
1. Can I get some samples of this optical fiber receiver?
Yes, Sample order is available for quality check and market test .And you just to pay the cost and freight.
2. What’s delivery time of ftth node?
It usually takes about 3-7 working days .
3. What’s your payment terms ?
We usually accept all these kinds of payment terms .Such as T/T,L/C, Western Union.Cash Etc.
4. What’s your warranty terms ?
We offer 12 months warranty time .
5. Could you give us help on the CATV solution?
OK, it is our pleasure to help you.
6. What is your MOQ?
One is OK.


Panasonic unveils next-gen surveillance camera platform
Panasonic has announced the availability of its new 3 Series camera platform. Built on the same UniPhier LSI platform as its flagship 6 Series camera line, 3 Series cameras provide high-definition capabilities with an objective of keeping customers and employees safe, reducing shrinkage and monitoring employee compliance.
According to a news release, the new 3 Series cameras deliver video images in 720p resolution and an up to 133dB of dynamic range thanks to its Enhanced Super Dynamic and Adaptive Black Stretch technologies, which enhances images in low-lighting conditions. The 3 Series cameras produce high definition resolution at 60 frames per second and feature the ability to encode up to four simultaneous H.264 streams while maintaining use of bandwidth via the UniPhier’s Shadow Compression Engine.
The new 3 Series models also feature an SDXC memory card slot offering high-capacity H.264/JPEG edge-recording with flexible record modes including alarm-recording and backup-recording in the event of network failure.
Additional 3 Series camera models and optional accessories are also slated for introduction throughout 2014, the company said.
Companies: Panasonic Professional Display Company


The Unilux LED-9 is the brightest in its class.
As an inspection light, the LED-9 stands above any light of its size with its brighter and more concentrated beam. The LED-9’s flash frequency is easily adjusted to match any line speed, allowing you to diagnose the smallest flaw. Also available in fixed mount and handheld models, with spot and flood options.
- Flood: 1430 LUX at 600 mm (24 inches) distance from the object.
- Spot: 3120 LUX at 600 mm (24 inches) distance from the object.
- Boasts the brightest and most concentrated uniform illumination.
- Available in both handheld or fixed-mount options.
- Choose from flood and spot options.
- Features an adjustable flash rate and duration that syncs perfectly with your line or machine.
- Includes a constant-on for work light.
- Handheld version features:
- Lightweight construction –weighs only 1.1 kg (2.4 lbs).
- Can be used for up to 4 hours continuously.
- Can be fully charged up in just 30 minutes.
- Fixed Mount version features:
- A compact and lightweight construction.
- The facility to interconnect multiple units.
- A rotary encoder to facilitate greater precision.
- The use of long-life LEDs make the LED-9 a virtually maintenance-free product.
- Boasts a high quality and ultra-durable construction.
- Efficient design ensures energy consumption is reduced.
The Unilux LED-9 can be used for:
- High-speed printing applications, including the inspection of registration and print quality, measurement of speed, machine vision and the confirmation of form alignment.
- Converting applications, including the analysis of trimmed edges and perforation and the surface inspection of coatings and adhesives.
- Maintenance work, including the detection of slippage in belts and webs, high-speed motion timing, measurement of motor speed, the troubleshooting of shafts, gears, and pulleys
- Operation in textile and tin mills.


Bolle Quasar OTG Ski Goggles Vermillon Gun Lens Racing Snake Frame Bolle Quasar Over The Glasses OTG Ski Goggles are designed to be worn over prescription glasses and have indents in the side of the frame to relieve any pressure on the face when wearing glasses under the goggle. These goggles allow glasses-wearing skiers to enjoy the slopes practically and in comfort. Quasar OTG lenses guarantee 100 protection against harmful UVA/UVB rays ensuring excellent eye protection and performance in harsh conditions. Flow Tech Venting technology reduces fogging and optimises airflow over the inside of the lens. Bolle Quasar OTG Goggles offer a comfortable fit when worn over glasses. Non-glasses wearers can also use this goggle, as the foam indent will not impact upon the efficiency of the product. Quasar OTG is supplied with a soft carry wallet suitable for lens cleaning and a 2-year manufacturers warranty for peace of mind. Bolle Quasar OTG goggles offer high performance with a fantastic fit. Their large spherical lens gives an exceptional range of peripheral vision, and Flow Tech venting optimizes the flow of air over the inside of the lens to reduce fogging. The triple layer face foam has an ultra soft micro-fleece next to the face and two layers of density foam for a firm soft fit, while the swinging strap outrigger maintains a perfect fit with a helmet.


Jacob Nogas 1, Shehroz S. Khan 2, Alex Mihailidis 1,2
1 University of Toronto, Canada
2 Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Canada
Human falls rarely occur; however, detecting falls is very important from the health and safety perspective. Due to the rarity of falls, it is difficult to employ supervised classification techniques to detect them. Moreover, in these highly skewed situations it is also difficult to extract domain specific features to identify falls. In this abstract, we present a novel framework, DeepFall, which formulates the fall detection problem as an anomaly detection problem. The DeepFall framework presents the novel use of unsupervised deep spatio-temporal convolutional autoencoders to learn spatial and temporal features from normal activities using non-invasive sensing modalities. We also present a new anomaly scoring method that combines the reconstruction score of frames across a temporal window to detect unseen falls. We tested the DeepFall framework on three publicly available datasets collected through non-invasive sensing modalities, thermal camera and depth cameras and show superior results in comparison to traditional autoencoder methods to identify unseen falls.


Sight Glass: Transparent Inspection Windows for Industrial and Commercial Processes
Sight glass is a transparent window commonly used in industrial and commercial applications to allow for visual inspection of the contents of a vessel or process. It is typically made of soda lime glass, an extremely common kind of glass due to its affordability, durability, and resistance to thermal shock.
Soda-lime glass is made by melting silica, soda ash, and limestone at high temperatures. The resulting glass is relatively soft and can be easily shaped and formed into various shapes and sizes.
Insight into the Uses of Sight Glass in Industrial and Commercial Applications
Sight glass is used in a variety of industries for a range of applications. In the chemical processing industry, sight glass monitors the flow of chemicals and reactions. Sight glass is commonly used in chemical reactors, distillation columns, and storage tanks.
Sight glass is also used in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems to monitor refrigerant flow. It allows technicians to visually inspect the system to check for leaks and ensure the refrigerant flows properly.
Soda lime glass is also essential in industries where quality control is critical, such as the food and beverage industry. Soda lime sight glass can also help improve the efficiency of a process by allowing operators to identify and correct any issues that may arise quickly. This can help reduce downtime, increase productivity, and save money in the long run.
Chemical Processing: Sight glass is widely used in the chemical processing industry to monitor the flow of chemicals and reactions within the process. It allows operators to visually inspect the process without exposing themselves to hazardous chemicals. Sight glass is commonly used in chemical reactors, distillation columns, and storage tanks.
Food and Beverage: Sight glass is used extensively in the food and beverage industry to visually inspect and monitor the flow of liquids and gases within the process. It is commonly used in the dairy, brewing, and pharmaceutical industries. The food and beverage sector is subject to strict regulation, And sight glass helps ensure the products are safe and meet the necessary quality standards.
HVAC Systems: Sight glass is used in HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems to monitor refrigerant flow. It allows technicians to visually inspect the system to check for leaks and ensure the refrigerant flows properly.
Power Generation: Sight glass is used in power generation plants to monitor the flow of steam, water, and other fluids within the system. It allows operators to visually inspect the process and detect any issues that may arise before they become major problems.
Oil and Gas: Sight glass is extensively used in the oil and gas industry to monitor the flow of oil, gas, and other fluids within the system. It is commonly used in pipelines, storage tanks, and offshore platforms.
Sight glass is used in industrial manufacturing to monitor the flow of fluids and gases. It allows operators to visually inspect the process and ensure everything runs smoothly and efficiently.
Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: Sight glass is used extensively in the pharmaceutical industry to inspect and monitor the flow of liquids and gases visually. It is frequently employed in the production of medications and vaccines.
Water Treatment: Sight glass is used in water treatment plants to monitor water flow and chemicals within the process. It allows operators to visually inspect the process and detect any issues that may arise before they become major problems.
Clear Advantages: Benefits of Using Sight Glass in Industrial and Commercial Applications
Enhanced Safety: One of the primary benefits of using sight glass is enhanced safety. By allowing operators to inspect the contents of a vessel or process visually, sight glass can help identify any potential issues that may pose a safety risk. It allows operators to detect leaks, pressure buildups, or other hazards.
Improved Efficiency: Sight glass can also help improve efficiency in the process. By visually inspecting the process, operators can quickly identify any problems and take appropriate action. This could increase production and cut down on downtime.
Cost-Effective: Sight glass is a cost-effective tool that requires minimal maintenance. Unlike other inspection tools that require complex mechanisms, sight glass is simple and easy to maintain. Its durability makes it an economical option to withstand the harsh industrial environment.
Versatility: Sight glass can be customized to suit specific requirements in different applications. It can be designed in various sizes, shapes, and materials to meet specific process requirements.
Sight glass is a reliable tool that provides a clear view of the process. It is resistant to chemicals and high-temperature environments, making it an ideal tool for harsh industrial applications.
Compliance with Standards: Sight glass is essential in a number of sectors, including the processing of chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and food and beverages. These industries are heavily regulated, and sight glass helps to comply with safety and quality standards.
Ease of Installation: Sight glass is easy to install and can be retrofitted to existing systems. It requires minimal modification to the system, making it a convenient option that can be installed quickly.
In conclusion, sight glass is an important tool in various industrial and commercial applications. It is a simple, cost-effective, and reliable way to visually inspect processes, identify potential hazards, and ensure safety and quality standards compliance. Sight glass offers enhanced safety, improved efficiency, and versatility, making it essential in various industries, including food and beverage, pharmaceutical, and chemical processing. Its ease of installation and minimal maintenance requirements make it a convenient option that can be quickly retrofitted to existing systems. Overall, the benefits of sight glass make it a valuable investment for any industry where visibility into a process is critical.
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Plates of natural quartz glass are produced from tubes. In this process, the tubes are cut open and, on exposure to heat, worked into plates.
The resultant slightly wavy surface is then fire-polished.
Fields of application
- Chemical industry
- Cover plates for UV and IR spotlights
- Industry and research
- Quartz glass
- Outstanding optical transmittance – from UV to IR
- Temperature stability up to 1050 °C (briefly up to 1200 °C)
- Low coefficient of expansion
- Good compressive strength
- Very high purity
- Low OH content (< 5 ppm)


Based on your prescription, our staff will advise you which lenses will work best for you. Lenses come in a variety of types and coatings.
- Single Vision lenses have one fixed focus point or correction over the entire lens area. They can be used for either near, intermediate or distance vision. For instance, glasses for driving or reading are single vision.
- Progressive lenses (no-line bifocals) allow for clear comfortable vision at distance, intermediate, and near.
- Flat-top bifocals (with a line) gives you distance and near vision.
- Transition lenses darken in sunlight and are a great alternative to sunglasses. Polarized sunglasses are also available and great for reducing glare when driving, fishing, golfing etc.
We carry Nike, Safilo, Fysh, Izumi, Boz, Jimmy Choo, Klik, Opthalmic, Boz, Jimmy Choo, JF Rey, Ernie Barcelona, Kate Spade & Boss.
We carry sunglasses by Maui Jim, Etnia Barcelona, Kate Spade, Boss
We carry and can order Johnson and Johnson, CooperVision, CIBA Vision
Eye Care Products
Vitamins by Vitalux – Vitalux Advanced, Vitalux S Plus Omega 3; Systane Gel Drops, Systane Balance, and Systane Ultra Lubricant Eye Drops, as well as Systane Lid Wipes.


ARRI UDM-1 Ultrasonic Distance Measure
94,00 € / Day
(376,00 € / Week)
You will be able to set the timeframe for your rental from the order list.
The UDM-1 provides focus measuring data for any ARRI or other brand of camera. It measures the distance between the sensor/film plane and the subject or object with ultrasonic pulses. Can be connected to the camera via Serial to LBUS with Lcube-1.
- Size: 205 x 135 x 70mm
- Weight: 0.418kg


Nikon reveals Nikkor Z DX 24mm f/1.7 fast APS-C prime lens for Z mount mirrorless cameras aimed at content creation, on-the-go photography
Nikon recently announced the Nikkor Z DX 24 mm f/1.7 as the first prime lens for its DX-format APS-C cameras (via Fstoppers). One of the biggest advantages of having a prime lens designed for the APS-C system is that the smaller image circle allows for lighter and more compact lens designs that are more appropriate for the compact DX-format camera bodies.
The Nikkor Z DX 24 mm f/1.7 lens fits the bill as a compact, lightweight lens option for the almost-pocketable Nikon DX cameras, protruding only 40 mm (1.6 inches) off the front of the camera body. It also weighs in at just 138 g (4.8 oz), making it easy to carry about as a versatile everyday lens for street, landscape, and even portrait photography.
Nikon has equipped the Z DX 24 mm f/1.7 lens with silent stepper motors, while the lens consists of nine lens elements in eight groups, with two aspherical elements and 7 aperture diaphragm blades. It has a minimal focus distance of 0.18 m (0.59 ft), while the maximum aperture is f/11. The lens barrel itself is weather-sealed and features the typical customisable control ring for aperture, focus, and compensation controls.
Nikon is launching the Nikkor 24 mm f/1.7 at just US$279.95, making it a pretty convincing option for a walk-around lens that just lives on the camera. Nikon's closest alternatives to the Nikkor Z DX 24 mm f/1.7 are the diminutive US$499.95 Nikkor Z 26 mm f/2.8 and US$279.95 Nikkor Z 28 mm f/2.8, as well as the massive US$899.95 Nikkor Z 24 mm f/1.8 S, all of which are slower, much bigger, or much more expensive than the new Nikkor Z DX 24 mm f/1.7. Nikon has managed to strike an impressive balance between price, compactness, and speed, for this new Nikkor lens.
Although the other Nikon Z mount prime lenses around the same focal length are certainly competent lenses, none of them are quite as compact, cheap, or fast as the Nikkor Z DX 24 mm f/1.7. As such, Nikon is billing the lens as a content creator lens that will serve for both video and stills work without breaking a sweat. Although, the versatile 36-mm full-frame-equivalent focal length does make it an attractive all-rounder, you might want to consider a lens with Nikon's VR stabilisation instead, considering none of Nikon's DX-format cameras come with IBIS.


Printing in the iridescent colors of the rainbow
With our metallic hologram effects, you can have the iridescence and glitter of the rainbow colors printed. The effect is created by light refraction and reflection, also diffraction. Depending on the viewing angle, there is light reflection in the different spectral colors.
We deliberately use the term hologram effect because the color-changing effect of a hologram is in the foreground in most applications. However, the images involved are two-dimensional such as triangles, dots, stars or simply silver smooth. Microembossing can be used to incorporate additional customer-specific patterns, such as texts or logos.
Hologram effects are perfect eye-catchers for book covers, brochures or invitations . For certificates, diplomas and vouchers , there is also the added benefit of forgery protection against color copiers .
Technologies that go beyond this are also possible, but are much more complex: real holograms show holographically generated 3D images with depth effect. So-called "kinegrams"™ impress with two-dimensional motion sequences with changing viewing angles. These technologies can also be seen on a number of euro banknotes. They are mainly used in high-security printing, such as for banknotes, ID documents, or credit cards. However, in the case of vouchers or high-priced branded products, a higher print run can also justify commercial applications.
Single image holograms
We therefore also offer the positionally accurate application of genuine single image holograms, also called single image registered holograms. Most standard holograms have, within the applied outline, a continuous wallpaper pattern, such as stars, triangles or logos. The positioning varies a little bit from piece to piece, which nobody notices.
With single image holograms, however, an image is positioned precisely within the contours. A well-known example was the Mozart head on the famous Austrian 5,000 Schilling banknote.
You can find out more about the use of hologram effects in security printing here.
Eye catcher for premium printing
Hologram effects are also perfect for attracting the attention of potential customers from a distance. For example, they generate a great eye-catcheron business cards, invitations, magazine and book covers, stickers or posters.
A hologram effect can also be used on packaging to create a psychological incentive to buy.
Possibilities of hologram effects in printing
We metallize in hologram effect both on the full surface and in partial areas, such as texts or logos.
We can apply hologram effects to paper, cardboard, various plastics and self-adhesive films.
In the assortment of our simsa MetalPaper brand, we also carry hologram paper and hologram cardboard with the brand name "MetalPaper Rainbow Silver".


It is possible to get involved in archery involving long ranges without water, food or even proper clothing for a short while but a Simmon Rangefinder is indispensable at every moment of a successful shot at the eye of the needle. With hairsplitting precision,a Simmons Rangefinder alleviates the deficiency in the accommodation of targets beyond the range organically permissible for a human eye.
A Simmons Ranger finds its utility in activities that require high precision such as in sports like Archery, Golf, hunting games and solely for the estimation of the target range. It is also applicable in the estimation of faraway targets range in the military parlance and in forestry.
Professional archers make it their ethical ability to take 100 yards distant shots by practising enough to acquire this ability. However, the Rangefinder surpasses such distance in its capacity and that suffices as a reason for the significant place of a Simmons Rangefinder in Archery.
Parts of a Simmon Rangefinder
The Simmon Rangefinder is a laser-based device of different types which are differentiated by the number printed on them. The number represents the maximum range measurable in meters or yards, which are its measuring units, with an accuracy of +/- 1 yard.
It has a portable body which is most times Black in color with a pouch for the battery (9 volt alkaline battery which should be changed at 12 month intervals) and a single power button.
The display system features a Liquid Crystal display screen showing the battery life Icon , the aiming window and the unit of measurement located at the lower right portion of the screen. The optical system features a fixed focus monocular optical system that consists of the Eyepiece lens and objective lens that generates the laser illumination.
How a Simmons Rangefinder works
The Simmon Rangefinder is a laser-based device which employs the use of the mathematical relationship between the speed of light, time and distance, the range, measured in meters or yards. It does this by sending an infrared light beam to the target which reflects the light back and the rangefinder measures the distance covered by measuring the amount of time round trip and interpolates it with the speed of light to get the range of the target.
The range estimation can be affected by the reflectance of the target surface for the archery, such that a dull or Black color target reduces the accuracy of the range estimation, size of the target, atmospheric conditions and steadiness of the user.
In order to operate the Simmons Rangefinder, while looking through the monocular , press the power button just once to open the display system (Liquid crystal display screen) . Aim the device at a point about 10 yards away , press the power button down until the range is displayed,then release the power button. To aim at new targets you can press the power button again.
How to change the Simmons Rangefinder points meter to yards
The Simmons Rangefinder Liquid crystal display (LCD) screen features an illuminated indicator that shows the unit of the measurement. It is located at the lower right corner of the screen. The units of measurement of ranges are in meters and yards.
The choice of the unit of measurement to be used is dependent on the user’s choice in terms of the measurement unit the user can easily relate his or her understanding of distance estimates to. It is necessary to have an idea of the distance to be estimated to get the best of the rangefinder such that an error made due to any fault in the rangefinder can be easily detected. Another means to know if your rangefinder is working perfectly is to use it in measuring short distances that can be estimated manually.
The LRF 600 is one of the best rangefinders among the array rangefinders Simmons has to offer, boasting features that makes it astonishingly accurate and intuitive to use. One can rely on this model for accurate measurement. Its LCD will display distances in meters or yards for targets that are within the range of 10 to 600 yards.
Switching between units of linear measurement of ranges is simple provided it is handled by one who is literate enough to operate the device and interpret the information. Before selecting the measurement unit that you prefer to use you must make sure that your rangefinder is turned off after which you hold the power button down for approximately 5 seconds while looking through the eyepiece. During this time the LCD and icons light up.
As you continue to press the power button , the unit of measurement (meter and yard), at the lower right corner of the screen, toggles back and forth. Once your desired unit pops up on the screen ,you should simply let go of the power button. The device keeps record of the previous unit of measurement you use such that when it is turned off and turned on again the last unit- either meters or yard, is displayed.


Now showing items 61-70 of 1789
Development of a phase-OTDR interrogator based on coherent detection scheme
(Uludağ University, 2018-12)
We present in this work, the experimental demonstration of a phase-sensitive Optical Time- Domain Reflectometer (phase-OTDR) having coherent detection scheme. An analysis algorithm has also been developed to calculate ...
(Türk Patent Enstitüsü, 2017-01-23)
Bir sabit gövde; sabit gövde üzerinde hareket edebilir şekilde sağlanan bir taşıyıcı gövde; taşıyıcı gövde üzerinde sağlanan bir lazer kafa ve lazer kafanın taşıyıcı gövde hareketinden bağımsız olarak hareket etmesini ...
Düzlemsel yüzeyde çalışan lazer işleme makinası
(Türk Patent Enstitüsü, 2017-05-22)
Bir sabit gövde, sabit gövde içerisinde hareket edebilir şekilde sağlanan bir tezgâh, sabit gövde ile tezgâhı kısmen örtebilecek şekilde irtibatlı hareketli bir taşıma gövdesi ve taşıma gövdesi üzerinde sağlanan üzerinde ...
Design and experimental validation of an MR-fluid based brake for use in haptics
(VDE Publishing House, 2018)
In this work, the design of an MR-fluid based brake system is given which is aimed to be used in kinaesthetic haptic devices. The brake design proposes a solution to the stiction problem which is common among the MR brake ...
UYMS 2018: Önsöz
(CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2018)
On the formulation of parallel position/force control schemes for industrial manipulators
(Shaker Verlag, 2012)
In this paper, three commonly-used position/force control schemes namely Impedance, Admittance and Hybrid Position/Force control are investigated for use in industrial manipulators. In order to eliminate the instability ...
A study on selecting the method of constructing the information to be exchanged in unlimited-workspace bilateral teleoperation
(Makina Teorisi Derneği, 2015-06)
In this paper, a study on selecting the mapping method for information exchange in unlimitedworkspace teleoperation is presented. In spite the fact that in most of the bilateral teleoperation systems, the master system ...
Experimental verification of quasi-static equilibrium analysis of a haptic device
(Azerbaijan Committee of International Federation for the Pomotion of Mechanism and Machine Science, 2017)
HIPHAD v1.0 is a kinesthetic haptic device which was designed and manufactured in IzTech Robotics Laboratory. In this work, the quasi-static equilibrium analysis is carried out by including the gravitational effects. The ...
A macro-micro mechanism design for laser cutting process
This paper is organized to provide the novel approaches during the design of a machine to shorten the laser cutting process. Macro-micro manipulation concept is employed for the design of this machine both in the mechanical ...
Experimental investigation of refractive index measurement of common solvents and aqueous solutions in the infrared wavelengths
We proposed and experimentally demonstrated a fast and simple technique to measure refractive index of liquids. A commercial Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) was implemented for interrogating sensor tips from a ...


In the following sections, we will try to explain polarization phenomena in terms of both A beam linearly polarized along the x-axis and traveling in the positive. Polarization, also called wave polarization, is an expression of the orientation of the lines of electric flux in an electromagnetic field (EM field). Discussion. Light is a transverse electromagnetic wave that can be seen by a typical human. Wherever light goes, the electric and magnetic fields are disturbed.
Explain polarization - wie beim
Light is electromagnetic radiation, an oscillating electric field orthogonal to an oscillating magnetic field. You can get light polarized in any direction, all at once, all overlapping. And there's also this direct sunlight. In circular polarization the electric vector rotates about the direction of propagation as the wave progresses. You have successfully emailed this. By slowly rotating euromillions 24 second filter, an orientation can be found in which all the light from an object is blocked and the object can no symbols of adventure be seen when viewed through two filters. Now that's a pretty cool observation that could never be free spielen sizzling hot by a particle view of light. Light becomes partially polarized as it reflects off nonmetallic surfaces such as glass, water, or a road surface. Polarized Light in Explain polarizationG. They demonstrate equal amounts, but opposite directions of optical rotation. And since the absolute phase of a wave is unimportant in discussing its polarization state, let us stipulate that the phase of e x is zero, in other words e x is a real number while e y may be complex. Beerling, Cambridge University, , ISBN In addition to specifying the polarization state of the wave, a general Jones vector also specifies the overall magnitude and phase of that wave. For instance, choosing right and left circular polarizations as basis functions simplifies the solution of problems involving circular birefringence optical activity or circular dichroism. Linear polarized light reflected from a metal at non-normal incidence will generally become elliptically polarized.
Explain polarization Video
Intro to Polarization Filters! deli-host.info are those sunglasses so expensive? But it also gets this direct light from the sun. When considering light that is propagating parallel to the surface of the Earth, the terms "horizontal" and "vertical" polarization are often used, with the former being associated with the first component of the Jones vector, or zero azimuth angle. In a vacuum , the components of the electric field propagate at the speed of light , so that the phase of the wave varies in space and time while the polarization state does not. It's going to be blurry. What would my eye see? Fragments of science, V. The process of transforming unpolarized light into polarized light is known as polarization. The effect of free electrons in the ionosphere , in conjunction with the earth's magnetic field , causes Faraday rotation , a sort of circular birefringence. In some types of transverse waves, the wave displacement is limited to a single direction, so these also do not exhibit polarization; for example, in surface waves in liquids gravity waves , the wave displacement of the particles is always in a vertical plane. As the filter is rotated, the partially polarized light is blocked and the glare is reduced. Since the phase shift, and thus the change in polarization state, is usually wavelength dependent, such objects viewed under white light in between two polarizers may give rise to colorful effects, as seen in the accompanying photograph.


Perfect hunting Requires the perfect types of equipment. What happens if you find a good target and you miss it. Hunting is a passion and some of us hunt to burn off the crazy. We have researched 5 best rifle scopes under 300 Bucks and tried to convey rifle scope reviews. After that, we are going to suggest the best picks long range rifle scopes that can be the best value for money.
Nikon is a well-known imaging product making company. There are many quality products in the market by Nikon. But here we are going to review of the perfect match for hunting rifle scope by Nikon. This can be the best rifle scope under 300 bucks.
Nikon Active Target BDC Rifle Scope is simple but the best one because of its features. It is shockproof, fog proof and water resistant. If you want to shoot the moving targets easily, the BDC active target reticle utilizes a unique open circle design that does not obscure the sight picture. Moreover, the BDC’s unique see-through ballistic circles offer an incredible option for long range shooting at the same time it allows a normal sight picture for shorter-range too.
There are multi layers of anti-reflective material on every glass to provide bright and vivid vision and optimum light transmission from dawn to dusk. The user has adjustment options with precise hand turn click adjustments. It just gets zeroed in quicker and maintains setting even with heavy recoil. The generous and consistent eye relief keeps your brow safe even with the heavy recoiling cartridges., Lightweight rifles and severe shooting angles. In Conclusion, This one is the recommended Riflescope for the best rifle scope under 300.
This is the best rifle scope with the brightest and strongest vision ever. The new Trophy XLT Series Riflescope by Bushnell got into the list of best rifle scope under 300 because of its good quality and reasonable price. The Scope is completely upgraded with multi-coated optics and provides 91 percent light transmission for maximum effectiveness at dawn and dusk. This is one piece tube scope so it is more durable than other scopes made in parts. The scope also has butler creek Flip-up covers to protect the lens. The scope is 100% waterproof, fog proof, and shockproof. Moreover, It has 3-9x40mm power to object and multi-x reticle to have Ultra fine shooting experience. The weight of the scope is good with 400g approx, the length is 11.9in, and the mounting length is 5.5 inches.The ¼ MOA fingertip adjustments make windage and elevation to be set as the user’s requirement. In conclusion, It can be the best rifle scope under 300 and best value for the money.
The Barska 4-16x50 Level Series hunting and tactical scope perfect one according to price and performance. We won’t be wrong to say this scope is also the best scope under 300. The scope has advanced features like illuminated MOA reticle, fully multi-coated optics, and lockable turrets. The 4-16xzoom magnification with 50mm objective lens is good to have the finest vision.
Moreover, the tube diameter is 30mm and ¼ MOA click adjustments provide required setting experience.
The reticle is illuminated with red and green MOA and Second Focal Plane(SFP) functionality. That is good to provide Ultra strong and easy to see reticle even at the lowest magnification. Further, the scope is made by Aircraft grade aluminum and it is Waterproof, weather resistant, Shockproof and Fogproof at all. You can use the scope with 3.9 – 4.3in eye relief. It is difficult to find out the best riflescope with high-quality features with the lowest price under $300. But here, many latest features make this scope, the best rifle scope under 300.
The Scope Comes with the cover, 3” Sunshade, and lithium battery.
The other best Rifle Scope Under 300 is Vortex Optics Crossfire II. It is Specially designed, Hunters and Shooters. The Crossfire II series from Vortex offers the next level performance to the user. It is the best scope to use in low light from evening to dawn. The 30mm tube Riflescope has multi-coated optics with anti-reflective coatings and oversized 56mm objective lens. The material of the scope is long lasting. Moreover, the single piece aircraft grade aluminum tube is solid enough and good for water or fog proof performance.
The scope also has V-Brite illuminated MOA reticles for better low light performance. This is actually a V-Plex system along with the battery to illuminate the center dot for the best low light result.
Second Focal Plane (SFP) style or reticle provides original vision and does not visually change in size even changing the magnification. This is the main advantage of an SFP reticle, that it always maintains the same appearance. The scope has 3-12x56 zoom functionality with 3.5” eye relief. The length is 14.5” and the weight of the scope is 600grams approx.
If you want some better-featured Rifle Scope you can check here.
This is another Rifle Scope under 300 with awesome features. It is High-performance tactical cope with 3-9x40mm zoom objective lens. It provides a fine vision with 3.5-3.8in eye relief that is good enough for any professional shooter. This also has a multi-layer coated lens and close to midrange 400+ yards fine targeting. The objective diameter 40mm with 3-9x magnification. The weight of this scope is 624 grams and length is 10.8in that is good to fit on rifles with Picatinny rails. Moreover, this rifle scope is fog and water resistant with nitrogen sealed safety.
The scope has the first focal plane (FFP) range finder reticle for faster range estimation and holdover correction. Aan etched black reticle is always visible without illumination. Or can be lit red or green for better reticle vision at night or low light timing.
The reticle illumination touch button switch allows quick reticle adjustment with adjustable objective (AO) lens that moves by the side focus dial. All the settings allow perfect target image elimination of parallax and range estimation. Further, ¼ MOA/Click windage & elevation adjustments, zero reset and turret locks makes this rifle scope one of the best rifle scopes under 300 bucks.
Check Other Best Long Range Rifle Scopes with High-Performance Results


The Dark Ops Pro XD features “Dual Camera Lens Technology”. This feature incorporates a custom tuned daytime camera lens to produce razor sharp daytime images, while the dedicated night camera lens takes incredibly clear nighttime photos. This camera packs all the performance you would expect with 24MP picture quality, 1080p Full HD video with sound, lightning fast 0.15 second trigger speeds, and superior battery life.
Additional features include SD card management options and Smart IR video to keep recording game during the daytime. The Dark Ops Pro XD is compatible with up to 512GB SD cards.
- 0.5 second picture recovery time
- Illuma-Smart Technology Automatically adjusts IR Flash for Perfect Night Photos
- All-Steel adjustable tree mounting bracket
- SD card management
- Long battery life from 6 AA batteries (not included)
- Up to 8 multi Shot images
- Up to 8 Rapid Fire images
- Smart IR video
- Programmable picture delay (1 sec. – 60 min.)
- Picture info bar displays: time, date, temperature, moon phase, barometric pressure, camera ID
- 12 volt external power jack
- Support up to 512GB SDXC memory card (not included)
- ¼” -20 tripod socket
- Compact case size 4.25” x 3.5” x 2.5”
- Timelapse Plus camera mode with IR triggered images
- Compatible with Browning Buck Watch Timelapse viewer software
All cameras sold by Browning Trail Camera Australian come with 12 months Genuine Australian Local Warranty. We are Officially AUTHORISED to distribute Browning Licensed products in Australia. Which means you get 1 Year Australian GENUINE Local warranty on all cameras.


Probably the best way to view this video is with the annoying voiceover turned down.
Basically, what is going on here is that researchers at the University of Washington have come up with a way to use high-resolution still photos to provide detail to low-res video. The results are definitely eye-catching.
I’ve noticed the artifacts and “slices” in some morphing footage in the past, and wondered what was up with that.
What this means is that a news reporter can, with Fred Flintstone-esque technology, capture some fantastically detailed footage … say, by duct-taping a 21-megapixel camera to an HD or even SD camera (the closer the lenses are to source point, the less you’ll have to mess about with parallax), and shooting a series of stills to go along with the video footage.
Imagine how good slo-mo footage at a sporting event can be with this. Or how amazing footage of, say, Obama’s inauguration would have been if you’d been able to zoom in from the Washington Monument all the way to a close-up of his hand on the Bible.
Our algorithm targets the emerging consumer-level hybrid cameras that can simultaneously capture video and high-resolution stills. Our technique produces a high spacetime resolution video using the high-resolution stills for rendering and the low-resolution video to guide the reconstruction and the rendering process.
I say: using one camera is not an optimal solution. Most of the “hybrid” cameras that can capture both hi-res and video suffer from one big flaw: cheap glass. The lenses on these cameras are not really up to the task. Having a second still camera on hand to do the work would mean that you’d get the benefit of a decent lens & its attendant sharpness.
It’ll be fun to see what happens in a few years, when this is commercially available as a plug-in on Final Cut or Premiere…


The Panasonic LUMIX G VARIO 35-100mm f/4.0-5.6 ASPH. MEGA O.I.S. zoom lens, designed for Micro Four Thirds cameras, packs a ton of quality into a small, jewell-like package.
The optic weighs a mere 4.76 ounces and is measures a svelte 2.19" x 1.97" (DxL). Yet, its effective focal length is 70mm-200mm, perfect for outdoor field work. When mounted on Panasonic mirrorless cameras, the optic's built-in image stabilization is rated at 3 stops.
On Olympus bodies, photographers have the option of using sensor-based stabilization or optical MEGA O.I.S. They can switch to optical in the "gear" menu > "C" Release > Lens I.S. Priority. Since the optical stabilizer is quieter than the sensor-based alternative, there may be situations where Olympus owners want to take advantage of this feature.
The Panasonic lens maintains its compact size by retracting. To use it, twist to the right to move it into zooming position. The nicely-damped zooming ring keeps the barrel in place regardless of shooting position. The manual focusing ring also feels good. Like the image stabilization, switching to manual focus happens in the camera's menu. There are no switches on the lens itself.
Outdoors, focusing is fast and accurate. Indoors, the lens may hunt for a second or two before confirmation. This highlights the fact that the Panasonic 35-100mm f/4-5.6 is an outdoor lens. Its maximum aperture and focusing capability will not satisfy the indoor, existing light photographer. Outside, however, the optic is a joy to use.
Image quality is excellent edge to edge, with slightly better performance in the center. Distortion and chromatic aberration are also well-controled, a surprising performance for such a compact, affordable zoom.
The Panasonic 35-100mm f/4.0-5.6 zoom lens was released in late October for $397. It's styled to compliment the Panasonic GM line of mirrorless bodies. But it looks great on the Olympus cameras too. Its metal barrel construction and mount feel solid, and the swift focusing via the stepping motor inspire confidence. The optical performance is very satisfying.
Bottom line: I love this lens. It's a quality optic that's easy to carry with me. My prediction is that I'll be capturing beautiful images with it for a very long time.
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The SIG Sauer ROMEO Zero red dot sight features an ultra-compact, lightweight, and durable design optimized for compact and sub compact concealed carry pistols. Unlike other pistol red dot sights, the ROMEO Zero is fully made from reinforced polymer including the lens which has been teste to withstand up to 10 times the impact force that a traditional glass lens can withstand. It features a highly efficient LED emitter that is 8 times more efficient than other red dots and can last up to 10 years on a single CR1632 battery. Additionally, the MOTAC motion activated system will turn off the 6 MOA red dot when sitting still and will automatically turn on the moment your pistol begins to move. An integrated rear sight is compatible with the standard front sight on the SIG P365 handguns allowing you to use your iron sights as an indexing point to quickly find the red dot. Additionally, it comes with an aluminum shield for protection from impacts.


Quality T10 5050 SMD LED bulbs. Our T10 5050 SMD LED bulbs are ideal replacements for standard T10 bulbs.
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OnLume is a medical device company developing an intuitive platform for precise fluorescence image-guided surgery. We are committed to providing surgeons with critical information on tissue types, features, and function in real-time during surgery through fluorescence. Our novel approach allows for excellent image quality at low concentrations even under well-lit conditions, and is compatible with a broad spectrum of targeted dyes for applications across the gamut of surgical disciplines.


Room: ePoster Forums
Purpose: Due to the near 1/rÂ²-characteristic of the photon fluence and the volume averaging effect, accurate ion chamber measurements are only feasible beyond a minimum source-to-detector-distance of a few centimetres. The cross-calibration of smaller detectors can allow accurate measurements closer to the source. The referenced cross calibration setup positions the detector tip towards the source, thus aligning the source centre and the symmetry axis of the detector (angle of incidence = 0Â°). In measurements of spatial dose distributions, the angle of incidence can deviate from zero.
Methods: The directional dependence of the response of two ionization chambers, the PinPoint 3D 31016 and the PinPoint 3D 31022, the silicon diode 60017 and the MicroDiamond 60019 (all PTW, Freiburg, Germany) were measured and simulated for an angular range of Â± 110Â°. The measurements were performed with the source centred in an MP3 water phantom. After locating the source the directional dependence was be measured by moving the detector on a circular path around the source without changing its orientation. Monte Carlo simulations were performed in a corresponding geometric setup. Three source-to-detector-distances were regarded.
Results: The directional dependence generally decreases with increasing distance to the source. At a source-to-detector-distance of 25 mm the diode shows up to 32% signal loss, the PinPoint3D 31022 up to 35 % in relation to the reference point 0Â°. The PinPoint3D 31016 and the MicroDiamond 60019 show less than 6% respectively 9% signal change.
Conclusion: The MicroDiamond 60019 and the PinPoint3D 31016 show the smallest angular dependence of the detector response. With appropriate correction factors these detectors could be suitable for measuring spatial dose distributions near 192Ir-brachytherapy sources.


Two Facts You Do Certainly Not Comprehend With Regards To LASIK Eye Medical ProcedureThe eye can be analyzed with relative ease as to both its function and its structure. A functional evaluation consists of the capability to move in the orbit and the reaction of the pupil to light and accommodation.
The function of the eye may be evaluated in a number of methods. The client may be asked to determine illuminated letter or things of differing sizes on exactly what is called the Snellen chart.
Alternatively, the assessment of the structural part of the eye might be made in numerous methods. Tension within the eyeball is measured by a "tonometer." In certain diseases, especially in glaucoma, the tension in the eyeball is increased noticeably.
It needs to be well remembered that a client with an eye problem may have other issues. Typically other physical conditions are main and impact the eye as a repercussion. The appearance of the eye can alert the patient and the physician to troubles in some disruptions of other parts of the body even prior to other symptoms provide themselves.
One's dependence on sight is emphasized when one deals with a short-term or possible long-term loss of this important sense. For this reason, when restorative measures are looked for, specific forms of vision correction such as contact lenses or spectacles are prescribed.
On the other hand, some people are troubled with that they have some framed lenses or contact lenses in front of their eyes.
For this factor, advanced surgical operations were established to motivate decreased usage of contact lenses or glasses. Among which is the now popular LASIK eye surgical treatment.
Basically, LASIK eye surgical treatment is the brief term for "Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis." Like its tangible equivalent, LASIK eye surgical treatment is another kind of vision correction. The only difference is that with this type of surgery, one's vision is fixed completely.
With LASIK eye surgery, the refractive mistakes in the cornea are completely changed. This can be done utilizing an "excimer laser."
The primary purpose of this surgical treatment is to create a threadlike, rounded "flap" in the cornea using a blade called "microkeratome." In a series of unfolding and laser processing, the cornea is finally reformed, enabling much better the eye to direct more light into the retina.
Popularity vs. Disadvantages
In the middle of the growing popularity of LASIK eye surgical treatment, there are still disadvantages that people must understand. Most likely, the main factor why this kind of eye surgical treatment has become well accepted is due to the fact that many of its cases had actually achieved success.
Nevertheless, in spite of its success, there are still some drawbacks. Here is the list:
1. It is an operation used to the most delicate part of the eye
Due to the fact that LASIK eye surgical treatment includes the operation of the retina, which is among the most delicate portions of the eye, many people say that the operation can be extremely risky.
To puts it simply, a simple mistake might practically cause an person's lifetime blindness. It is essential to consider many elements before choosing whether LASIK eye surgical treatment is the ideal restorative measure one has to undergo.
2. It is not a ideal treatment
LASIK eye surgery might correct your vision but it does not always imply that it can offer you a perfect vision. Even if analytical reports reveal that 70% of the patients might have 20/20 vision, this does not necessarily indicate they have ideal vision.
Provided all these things, it can be deduced that, in spite of the popularity of the operation, LASIK may not constantly be the ideal eye surgical treatment the way a lot of people view it
On the other hand, the assessment of the structural part of the eye may be made in several ways. It must be well kept in mind that a client with an eye problem might have other problems. Frequently other physical conditions are main and impact the eye as a effect. The look of the eye can alert the patient and the physician to problems in some disruptions of other parts of the body even prior to other signs provide themselves.
Like its concrete equivalent, look at this website LASIK eye surgical treatment is another type of vision correction.


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Shenzhen Lantsun Electronic Technology Co., Ltd. is a professional manufacturer and exporter of car accessories, including HID and LED products.
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The Laser Jammer Tester produces the same exact pulse rates as real police LIDAR guns. Select a gun in the memory bank and push the fire button. The tester will fire the pulse rate you selected for as long as you like.
Why is the Laser Jammer Tester critical to your laser jammers operation? Well, unless you have a LIDAR gun or are shot by an officer you simply won't know if your jammer actually detects all the laser guns used today.
If your jammer doesn't work you're getting a ticket. It's far cheaper to make sure your transponders work before you hit the road than paying for a ticket. It's a no brainer.
The Tester will simulate the TruSpeed USA and TruSpeed TS2 EU version along with 15 other LIDAR guns.
If you don't test your laser jammer you really don't know if it's defective or not.
WARNING: This laser tester produces the same Infrared light a real lidar gun produces. Never look at the IR LED in front of the unit.


$10 Global Vision Clear Low Light/Night Motorcycle Riding Glasses/Bi Men Accessories Men , Accessories,$10,Global,Vision,Motorcycle,corona.jogjaprov.go.id,Light/Night,Riding,Clear,Low,/hymenopteron445801.html,Glasses/Bi Global Vision Clear Low Light Riding Spring new work Glasses Night Bi Motorcycle Men , Accessories,$10,Global,Vision,Motorcycle,corona.jogjaprov.go.id,Light/Night,Riding,Clear,Low,/hymenopteron445801.html,Glasses/Bi $10 Global Vision Clear Low Light/Night Motorcycle Riding Glasses/Bi Men Accessories Global Vision Clear Low Light Riding Spring new work Glasses Night Bi Motorcycle
The aerodynamic Shatterproof Polycarbonate one-piece wraparound UV400 Lens gives excellent peripheral vision whilst offering the utmost protection from both flying objects and the suns harmful rays. The Category 0 Clear Lens make these ideal for use in winter, overcast, low light and winter riding conditions. They have E.V.A Foam padding and so offer better protection than normal glasses by deterring wind turbulence but still offer the minimalist design and style of Glasses. Rider plus frames also wrap around to ensure they stay put, while rubber tipped bows (arms) make them both easy to insert and comfortable to wear under your helmet. A clear flash mirrored coating gives a stylish appearance or as the Americans call it âprivate eyesâ. The lens is also 'Decentered' this not only ensures optical clarity but also eliminates eye strain. A free micro-fibre pouch is included for safe storage and Global Eyewear Store lens cleaning cloth. Rider Plus Clear Flash Mirrored Motorcycle Glasses exceed both European (EN166, EN170) and American (ANSI Z87.1+S) safety standards for glasses and protective eyewear. This certifies the utmost standards of both U.V and impact protection. Global Vision is the no.1 selling eyewear brand at both Sturgis and Daytona bike week in the U.S.
Not for direct observation of the sun. Not for protection against artificial light sources, e.g. Solaria
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Gentle Vision Shaping is a system that corrects your eyesight gradually over time. Before you opt for this correction program, however, it’s important to learn all there is to know about how it works.
Gentle Vision Shaping uses vision retainers to reshape the cornea and works to eliminate nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. There is no surgery necessary in this regimen.
What is Gentle Vision Shaping?
Gentle Vision Shaping is a vision correction program that works over time to correct patients’ vision. It’s easiest to think of it as the vision correction equivalent of braces.
Gentle Vision Shaping works by reshaping the cornea, or the outer part of your eye, while you sleep using a molding lens, or vision retainer.
You put the retainers on when you sleep at night, then remove them when you wake up.
Gentle Vision Shaping can correct both near and farsightedness, as well as astigmatism. Another name for this vision correction system is “ortho-k,” or orthokeratology.
How Does Gentle Vision Shaping Work?
Gentle Vision Shaping uses small retainers made of gas-permeable, hard plastic lenses.
Putting them on is easy and requires little effort on the wearer’s part. To insert the retainer lenses, follow the steps below:
- Apply a couple of drops of your insertion eye drops into the back of your lenses.
- Place the retainer lens on your index finger.
- Insert the retainer lens directly into the center of your eye in the face-down position.
Practitioners recommend that you insert the right retainer lens first to avoid confusion.
The entire program takes approximately two years to complete, through which you need just two sets of retainer lenses.
Who Developed Gentle Vision Shaping?
George Jessen developed the Gentle Vision Shaping system. Jessen began designing prototypes for the system in the 1960s using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
George Jessen grew up with a father who was blind, which initially sparked his interest in preserving eye health.
Jessen started with corrective lens designs, dubbed “Orthofocus,” a type of gentle vision shaping lenses that were thought to operate more on luck than actual science.
As time progressed, his company was able to show that his product worked, but they had no scientific proof to back it up.
Because of this, the FDA did not approve this procedure until 2002.
Are There Any Risks Associated with Gentle Vision Shaping?
Some risks are associated with the Gentle Vision Shaping system, but they are similar to those associated with wearing soft contact lenses.
One of the most prominent risks of Gentle Vision Shaping is an increased chance of hypoxia. When the cornea experiences hypoxia, it may show signs of swelling and clouding. Hypoxia causes fluid to build up in the cornea, causing foggy or cloudy vision.
However, the risk of experiencing hypoxia with Gentle Vision Shaping is low because the small retainers are used for shorter durations of time than other corrective lenses.
Another risk associated with Gentle Vision Shaping is a higher risk of eye infection, mainly bacterial keratitis. This can result in vision loss or blindness if not treated properly.
Who is a Candidate for Gentle Vision Shaping?
There’s actually a surprisingly large number of candidates who qualify for Gentle Vision Shaping.
The procedure is FDA approved for all ages, but may be particularly interesting to those who meet any of the following conditions:
- Nearsighted patients
- Patients who are opposed to surgery
- Those with a low or moderate astigmatism
- Children who have experienced a drastic change in nearsightedness
- Children with a family history of high or progressive nearsightedness
There are many qualifying factors for Gentle Vision Shaping, many of which pertain specifically to children.
How Much Does Gentle Vision Shaping Cost?
Depending on how severe your vision issues are, the cost of Gentle Vision Shaping can range from $2100 to $3000. This estimate includes molds and retainers.
Insurance does not cover Gentle Vision Shaping, but it does qualify for a Flexible Spending Account (FSA).
Depending on the doctor you visit, you may also be able to use Care Credit to finance the cost.
Gentle Vision Shaping is an affordable permanent vision correction option, less than half the cost of LASIK and other vision correction surgeries.
Why Choose Gentle Vision Shaping Over Corrective Lenses?
Gentle Vision Shaping offers several advantages over traditional eyeglasses and contact lenses.
The Gentle Vision Shaping system was mainly invented to free patients from wearing corrective lenses throughout the day.
Gentle Vision Shaping is especially great for patients who work in dusty or dirty areas that could irritate their corrective lenses, as well as those who experience dry eyes.
Another great advantage of using Gentle Vision Shaping is that it has been proven to significantly slow the progression of nearsightedness.
This corrective method is a great option for young children experiencing nearsightedness, eliminating the worry of losing or damaging corrective lenses.


In today’s fast-paced industrial landscape, precision and versatility are paramount. Sunine, a trusted name in laser technology, has introduced the V610C, V620C, and V630C CO2 laser coding machines, setting new standards in marking and engraving across a wide range of materials, from wood and paper to cardboard, glass, rubber, and PET. These machines harness the power of the carbon-dioxide laser, a technology known for its efficiency, superior output quality, and stability. In this article, we delve into the remarkable features of Sunine’s CO2 laser marking machines and explore how they cater to various industry needs.
The CO2 Laser: Unveiling the Powerhouse
The heart of Sunine’s CO2 laser marking machines lies in the carbon-dioxide laser technology. These gas lasers are renowned for being the highest-powered continuous-wave lasers available today. They boast remarkable efficiency, with an output power-to-pump power ratio reaching as high as 20%. What truly sets them apart is their ability to emit an infrared beam of light, with primary wavelength bands centered at 9.3 μm, 10.2 μm, and 10.6 μm.
Compared to other laser technologies, such as those with liquid or solid-state mediums, CO2 lasers offer better beam output quality and frequency stability. This results in more precise and reliable marking and engraving, making them the preferred choice in various industries.
Sunine’s V610C, V620C, and V630C CO2 laser coding machines represent the epitome of laser technology. Their use of CO2 lasers, coupled with precise wavelength selection, allows for unparalleled performance across a multitude of materials. Sunine has truly raised the bar in the industry by providing high-quality, reliable, and versatile laser marking solutions. Whether you’re in the packaging, glass, or beverage industry, Sunine’s CO2 laser marking machines are sure to meet and exceed your expectations, making your marking and engraving tasks a breeze.


(High resolution optical fiber test instrument of the blue-light laser
(High resolution optical fiber test instrument of the blue-light laser type)
Analyze a luminescent material in an optical fiber
This high resolution OTDR uses for the blue-light laser for excitation.
It measures the point and the amount of luminescence when impurities and luminescent are present in an optical fiber.
Please check the specifications on the catalog
*Selectable wavelength:405,440,473nm. (473nm:Core is 3.5um)
*All optical fibers are single-mode fiber in each wavelength.
|Spatial resolution : 1cm. Very short dead zone!!
Using the blue-light (400nm band) laser.
High sensitivity by photon counting mode
Various analysis (defect, transmission loss...etc)
Conformable to CE marking (EU safety standard)
Operation is easy by the software of the Windows.
|Measure points of weakluminescence in an optical fiber
Optical fiber defect inspection.
You can watch the demo of OTDR on You Tube!!
*Windows are registered trademark of the United States Microsoft Corporation
in the United States and in order countries.
*This insturument is possible to test the performance of optical fiber. We don't guarantee against the performance that if you use this OTDR for other purposes.


As the name suggests, a photoresistor is a variable resistor. The resistance of this device changes as the light intensity that hits it changes.
This makes the LDR an excellent choice for detecting not just light, but how much light there is.
On the other hand, a photodiode is a diode, connected in reverse bias, which means in the opposite direction that you would connect a normal LED or diode. A photodiode will turn on (allow current to go through it) when light above a certain level of intensity hits it.
While a photoresistor is an analog device, with values that vary from a few Ohms to several tens of KiloOhms, a photodiode has two states only, on or off.
A photodiode, also, responds very quickly to changes in light intensity - quicker than a photoresistor.
These properties dictate what you can do with these devices.
If you want to know how bright the lights in a rooms are so you can control a dimmer, you would use a photoresistor.
If you want to read a message encoded in a infrared beam of light, or laser, like it happens in a TV set remote control, or a CD/DVD player, than you would use a photodiode.


Gemstones possess several physical and chemical qualities, however the most valuable quality of gems are in their optical properties. Principal optical properties of gemstones are: single and double refraction and polarization of light.
The term “refractive power” means an ability of any transparent surface (surface of a gemstone in our case) to altering the direction of a ray of light, directed at it. Thus, a brilliance, that we observe on the surface of any gemstone is nothing else than its refractive power.
All gemstones are separated according to their ability to refract a ray of light into two groups:
- The gems that possess single refraction
- The gems that possess double refraction
Each of us learned from the school physics course, that any ray of light, directed to any transparent surface will bend or refracted from its direction and proceeds to another course. This is an illustration of a single refraction.
If a ray is passing through a crystalline body, it is divided into two different rays, that are spread in several directions inside the crystal. One of them, so-called “ordinary ray” is going in the direction, which coincides with the law of “single refraction,” the second one so-called “extraordinary ray” follows a different law. Therefore, all the crystals, possessing of this quality are doubly refractive.
Polarization of Light
The term “Polarization of Light” has been introduced by Newton, in 1704. He concluded, that when a ray of light falls on a plate of transparent glass under an angle of 56 degrees, and after refraction falls towards to the second plate under the same angle, so, if two these plates are horizontal, the ray will reflect from second plate, maintaining the angle of inclination of 56 degrees; whereas, if the second plate will be turned in vertical position, the ray will no longer be reflected, and will disappear.
- Thus, the ray in that case is called “Polarized.”
- The angle of 56 degrees is called the “Polarizing Angle.” However, this angle is different for all bodies, thus, for instance, the polarizing angle of Diamond is 68 degrees.
By the way, this principle was used by such well known corporation as Polaroid. Exactly this physical feature is used in their lenses to protect your eyes against of so-called “horizontal component” of light, which is represented only an “optical noise” and “adverse solar flare,” whereas the “vertical component” of light represent to human eye an useful information such as the color and contrast, according to their researches.
Moreover, such gem as Tourmaline is primarily used to polarize light.
An effect of polarization is also used to determine such property as double refraction, described above.


How Do Night Vision Cameras Work?
A lot of people can now discover and explore of the world even in total darkness. If you are the kind of person who is always out in the dark, night vision cameras can be of great help. People camping or hunting can use cameras with night vision technology to be handy for them. For a lot of years, the military has utilized night vision equipment. With today’s advancements, night vision cameras have improved and now being used in fields like photography and cinematography.
If you don’t have any clue on how a night vision camera works, you have to define night vision is. Basically, night vision is having the ability to see in the dark. This may be done either biologically or with the use of technology.
The light that you see in night vision cameras is electromagnetic radiation. You’re only able to see small part of an electromagnetic spectrum. This part you can see is known as visible spectrum. There are numerous kinds of radiation and part of this is infrared radiation. It is a low energetic radiation and it’s widely utilized in night vision cameras. Generally, the concept is quite simple. Night vision cameras are a device that emits infrared light and capable of detecting this in a camera. The primary difference between a camera and night vision cameras is that the typical camera uses lighting equipment. Night vision cameras will allow you to see in the dark sing infrared light.
Kinds of Night Vision Technology
There are 2 kinds of night vision technology. The first one works on image enhancement principle. This works through collecting the smallest amount of light that’s available from man-made or natural sources and amplifying this to the point where the objects may be viewed. It also collects light from the infrared light spectrum’s lower end, which is imperceptible to one’s eyes.
The other night vision technology works through a process called thermal imaging. This works through capturing the infrared light spectrum’s upper end. This part is emitted in the form of heat compared to what most of you have thought. The warmer the object is, the higher amount of the light is being emitted.
Night vision cameras offer high quality color video during daylight. Once the light level drops below a particular point, the security camera will switch to IR automatically or infrared night vision videos. If the light level has increased to a particular point, the camera will switch back to color video automatically.
Night vision cameras utilize some various techniques in producing photos. One may use reflected light view a photo and the other utilizes thermal energy that is produced by a viewed object. Both kinds are used in different jobs including hunting, security, warfare, and fishing. The latest technology was very expensive for average consumers in 1970s, yet a decade after, the sensors became available at cheap rates, which are enough to find their way into numerous applications. Knowing the main difference between the 2 kinds enables the most ideal choice for a certain application.
Thermal Light Night Vision Cameras VS Reflected Light Night Vision Cameras
Generally, every camera uses reflected light. The light doesn’t have to be in visible spectrum though and this enables other night vision cameras to use light invisible to the normal eyes. Some cameras also use heat waves.
Projected Infrared Night Vision Cameras
Several cameras project a beam of IR or infrared light at the target. Then, the sensor records an image. Since human eyes can’t see in this kind of light spectrum, this camera will translate an image to a visible one. Unless the camera records videos, IR works only on the actual photo. It’s the same with flash photography. Since infrared isn’t on continuously, this saves some of the device’s battery life. Cameras that are set along the game trails can easily capture animals at night use infrared capabilities.
Low Light Night Vision Cameras
Night vision cameras capture available light better than the typical cameras you see in the market. This type of camera needs nothing more than ultra-sensitive sensors that capture even the slightest amount of reflected light from the objects. Even the faint starlight works very well. Majority of night vision cameras work off in accordance to this principle. If the camera is low light, this utilizes this kind of method and considered as the most affordable choice.
Thermal Night Vision Cameras
Every object gives off heat. Thermal cameras record the differences in very small amounts of heat from an object. Technically, the thermal cameras aren’t really a camera, yet the direct view of what the sensors are recording. When compared to IR and low light night vision cameras, these haven’t found their way to daily consumer use. People who require precise viewing because they don’t depend on opposed to work, favor the thermal night vision cameras. People in black clothing and stand against a black background appear perfectly on thermal images.
Some Considerations to Take Note for Night Vision Cameras
You have to take note that low light night vision cameras work better with ambient light. A lot of light including at sunrise or sunset poses issues. Cloudy nights without nearby streetlights or some lighting renders them useless. When compared to flash photography, the infrared cameras are limited in the distance they capture photos.
The Bottom Line
Night vision cameras are the best way to monitor or keep track of your property in the dark. Both IR and low light night vision cameras work during day and night to gather photos. IR cameras outperform a low light camera under an inclement weather. Thermal camera setup is more expensive, yet does a better job in spotting the intruders of all kinds. The picture from IR or low light cameras identifies an individual or some objects where thermal pictures cannot.
The prices and features of night vision cameras may vary from one manufacturer or brand to another. Depending on what kind of night vision camera you need, pick the camera that will meet your requirements and would offer you satisfaction.


Panasonic has unveiled its first box-style mirrorless camera. The LUMIX BGH1 is based on the Micro Four Thirds system. Panasonic designed the camera with various video production needs in mind, including multicamera setups, drone use and livestreaming.
The LUMIX BGH1 has a Power over Ethernet+ connector, meaning you can use the same cable to both power it and connect it to a network, though you can still use AC power. The camera boasts a 10.2-megapixel sensor. It can capture 10-bit Cinema 4K footage at 4:2:0 quality levels at up to 60 frames per second or up to 30 fps at 4:2:2. The system also supports full HD filming at up to 240 fps.


Utilizing our full-fledged manufacturing caliber, we have made available a top notch quality 5W Sprayer Led Bulb. This is a low power consuming bulb which utilizes an array of LEDs (light emitting diodes). LED is a junction diode that produces a coherent beam of light of the specific wavelength. The provided bulb is widely appreciated owing to its durability, and cost-effective price. It high lumen light does not cause to increase the heat of the surrounding, and therefore, is a perfect bulb for maintaining the temperature. Apart from this, 5W Sprayer Led Bulb can withstand voltage fluctuations and also, it has got the capability to provide a constant beam of light at the relatively low voltages.


What is LASIK eye surgery?
LASIK is a treatment method that eliminates refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism with excimer laser, an advanced and reliable technology. In LASIK treatment, a thin corneal flap is opened from the corneal layer of the eye with the help of a special automatic device called a microkeratome. After opening the flap, the refractive error is corrected under the guidance of a computer program with an excimer laser and the flap is folded back.
- Who is LASIK eye surgery used on?
- Who can't have LASIK surgery?
- Is the LASIK laser method safe?
- What should be considered before the LASIK operation?
- Femto LASIK eye surgery operation day
- Femto LASIK surgical process
- What are the early postoperative symptoms and what should be considered?
- Return to everyday life after Lasik eye surgery operation
- What problems and complications can arise after LASIK laser surgery?
- What are the advantages and disadvantages of the LASIK laser?
Some people just need to express their thoughts and can’t stop


The CHAUVET DJ LED Shadow is a blacklight LED panel designed to create wide ultraviolet color washes. Use to enhance the appearance of white or fluorescent colors with a supernatural glow. It is well suited for clubs, performance stages, theatrical productions, and special-effects installations.
The LED Shadow features 192, UV (ultraviolet) LEDs with a wide, 28° coverage angle. It is equipped with mounting brackets, which can be adjusted to help achieve the desired position when mounting the fixture on walls, ceilings, or on the ground for wall washing.
Easy to use, the LED Shadow can operate in standalone mode with eye-catching programs such as Sound-Active, variable-strobe, and dimming. It can also be controlled via DMX or wirelessly with the IRC-6 remote (available separately). The Master/Slave mode enables you to synchronize multiple fixtures without the need for a controller.
The unit features an LED display with a 4-button menu for easy navigation and an auto-ranging universal power supply. You can also daisy-chain power for up to 43 fixtures at 120V, or 74 fixtures at 230V.
- Black light panel with 192 UV LEDs for wide ultraviolet color washes
- Ideal for performance stages, theatrical productions, and special effects installations
- 28° coverage angle
- 0-100% dimming
- Strobe effect
- Dimensions (L x W x H): 14.0 x 9.8 x 6.5″
- Auto-run, sound active, UV dimmer, built-in program, DMX-controlled
- Easily adjust flash rate, dimmer, and static effects in standalone mode
- Master/Slave operation
- Daisy-chain power for up to 43 fixtures at 120V
- 4-button LED display on rear panel
- Compatible with IRC-6 wireless remote (available separately)
- Universal auto-ranging power supply
- Includes hanging bracket with mounting hardware to hang fixture on truss or mount on a wall


Ultimate image quality
Enjoy a perfect home cinema- with this powerful projector with 4K resolution. Epson’s 3LCD technology delivers an equal white/color brightness of 2,500 lumens and natural, vivid and powerful colors. HDR10+ support provides detailed images with more depth and by enhancing colors, projected content appears more natural, intense and therefore more expressive.
In addition, with a high contrast ratio of 2,500,000:1, the projector offers deep blacks and displays dark areas in incredible detail. With 4K frame interpolation, 4K Super Resolution, and automatic gamma correction and contrast optimization, you’ll enjoy the ultimate home cinema.
The long-life laser light source features lower power consumption and provides up to 10 years of maintenance-free entertainment.
Simple and reliable
A home cinema should not be more complicated to operate than a television. Installation of the projector is easy and precise thanks to the motorized optics, 2.1x optical zoom, focus and lens shift function for ±96.3% vertical and ±47.1% horizontal.
Save up to ten different image formats. This way, you can easily view your content with the right aspect ratio without having to set up for a long time. The projector is also compatible with Calman color calibration software.
- Razor-sharp projection: 4K resolution (8.3 million pixels) and HDR10+ support
- Fast, smooth action scenes: 4K frame interpolation and 4K Super Resolution
- Long-lasting solution: Profia laser light source for up to 10 years of entertainment¹.
- Fully motorized optics: motorized zoom, focus and lens shift function
- Wide lens shift range: Vertical ±96.3% and horizontal ±47.1
|Projection system||3LCD technology, RGB liquid crystal shutter|
|LCD panel||0.74 inch with C2 Fine|
|Color brightness||2,500 lumens|
|White brightness||2,500 lumens|
|Resolution||4K PRO-UHD, 16:9|
|High definition||4K amplification|
|Contrast ratio||2.500.000 : 1|
|Light source||72 mW 20,000 hours durability, High, 20,000 hours durability, Medium, 20,000 hours durability, Eco|
|Keystone correction||Manual Vertical: ± 30 °, Manual Horizontal ± 30 °|
|Video editing||10 bits|
|2D/3D frequency image||384 Hz / 480 Hz|
|2D vertical refresh rate||384 Hz – 480 Hz|
|Color rendering||up to 1.07 billion colors|
|Projection ratio||1,35 – 2,84:1|
|Zoom||Motorized, Factor: 1 – 2.1|
|Lens Shift||Motorized – Vertical ± 96.3%, Horizontal ± 47.1%|
|Memory for lens position||10 positions|
|Projection screen||50 inch – 300 inch|
|Projection distance wide angle/tele||3 m – 6.4 m ( 100 inch screen)|
|Projection lens F||2 – 3|
|Focal length||22.5 mm – 46.7 mm|
|Connections||USB 1.1 Type A (2x), USB 2.0 Type Mini-B, RS-232C, Ethernet interface (100 Base-TX/10 Base-T), trigger output, HDMI ARC, HDMI (HDCP 2.3) (2x)|


A unique technology for profiled sapphire crystal growth has been developed by the scientists from the Institute of Solid Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences (Chernogolovka). The profiled crystals means the ones of assigned profile, i.e., of any shape and of almost any size, at any case, from superfine hollow capillaries through massive crystals, which are almost ten centimeters thick. This is extremely important to oncologists and to physicians in general, because sapphire capillaries and optical fiber enable to make laser therapy and diagnostics much more efficient and less traumatic than it is now with employment of quartz and polymer optical fiber. The technology developed and being patented by the authors enables to grow from the melt ideally straight solid sapphire tubules (capillaries), which are up to 30 centimeters long. The interior diameter of such a capillary is less than 1 millimeter, and exterior diameter is 1.2 millimeters. These are exactly the ones needed to physicians.
Thus, to begin with, here comes a briefing for those who fortunately have never heard about laser application to tumor diagnostics and therapy. The main point is that the optical fiber (thin light guiding fiber) is brought to the tumor located not on the surface but in the depth of the body. Laser of a certain wavelength generates irradiation, which is forwarded to the tumor via the optical fiber. Then the tumor should be looked at, i.e., it is necessary to capture the light reflected from the tumor, which would come back via the same optical fiber, or more or less powerful irradiation should be fed. Irradiation will either kill or burn out the tumorous tissue, or it will affect the substance preliminary injected into the tumor, which is able to decompose under the influence of irradiation accompanied by heat release (the so-called photodynamic therapy).
Now, quartz is the most popular material for optical fiber (polymer light guides are also being used but they fall out quickly). However, it is not deprived of drawbacks either, the main one being the ability to interact with biological tissues and blood. As a result, it is possible that healthy tissue would burn and irradiation parameters would change. This is no good – as the light intensity and wavelength should be strictly controlled under photodynamic therapy.
The light guide per se is a superfine and very fragile fiber (its diameter making 500 to 600 microns), therefore, to avoid its breaking when piercing the skin it has to be placed into the syringe needle, which serves a casing for the light guide.
So, the authors have suggested that the light guide casing or cover should be made of sapphire – in the form of a capillary, provided at the end with a solid “lance” sharpened at a required angle or, vice versa, with a spherical nozzle. Sapphire light guides are suggested because the properties of this crystal fully comply with the needed requirements. Sapphire is a very hard, durable and chemically inert material, and it transmits light very well in a very wide spectral range.
The technology developed by the researchers is based on the old method of crystal growth from the melt. The fuse of a required shape is put into the melting-pot containing the melt and is stretched out very slowly. This is done slowly so that the atoms had enough time to line up in a “correct” order, and the cooled article became a crystal but of a reassigned shape. However, it is very difficult to obtain at the output the tubules with superfine even walls along the full length and an ideally smooth surface. If the temperature is a bit higher or if a minor failure occurs in the speed – the capillary would “stick together”. Nevertheless, a group of researchers under the guidance of Vladimir Kurlov, Doctor of Science (Engineering), have succeeded. The technology developed by them and enriched by a lot of original “inventions” enables to solve the problem as well as many others. For example, to stretch out several dozens of capillaries at once during a single process.
In principle, physicians did like the concept of such sapphire casing as it allows to make multi-purpose interstitial irradiators, which almost do not traumatize the patient. The only thing that disturbed them was fragility of a capillary, which is, of course, not as durable as a suture needle. “A problem was posed for us to solve – to test the capillary on a piece of lard with skin, says Vladimir Kurlov. We were to try to pierce through the lard at least at the depth of 2 centimeters and to bend it so that to check at what angle of bending the capillary would break. The outcome was a pleasant surprise: the capillary easily penetrated the sample and broke only when it was bent at a 40-degrees angle. So, physicians are pleased with mechanical properties of the capillaries. There are no doubts that such quartz light guides in sapphire casing would not yield to traditional light guides in terms of efficiency.”