Lenses are carefully shaped pieces of glass, plastic, or other transparent material. They are designed to manipulate light rays to create particular kinds of images. For example, the lenses in a telescope are designed to produce an enlarged view of a faraway object. Other common form of lenses are those found in eyeglasses, cameras, and microscopes.
Italian scientist Galileo Galilei (1564–1642) and Dutch scientist Antoni van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) were among the first to use lenses extensively in scientific research. Other scientists—French mathematician René Descartes (pronounced ren-AY day-KART; 1596–1650) and English scientist Isaac Newton (1642–1727), among others—dedicated most of their lives to improving lens designs. Despite the amount of time it has been in existence, the lens remains one of the simplest and most useful optical tools available.
Lenses work on two principles: that light always travels in straight lines, and that it travels more slowly through glass or plastic than it does through air.
Light bends when it exits one substance (the air) and enters another (a lens). It bends again as it leaves the lens. The amount of bending depends greatly upon how much the lens is curved. All lenses have at least one curved surface, and most have two. There are two kinds of lenses, classified by how they are curved. Convex lenses (also called converging or positive) are thick in the middle and thin along the edges. Concave lenses (also called diverging or negative) are thin in
the middle and thick along the edges. Each design bends and affects light differently.
A convex lens bends light toward a central point (see Figure 1a). The farther from the center of the lens a beam of light strikes, the more the resulting light ( f ) is bent. Assuming an object is more than one focal length (a specific distance determined by the construction of the lens) away from the lens, the image viewed through a convex lens is always upside down. This is called a real image, and it can be projected upon a screen. The real image can be smaller or larger than the original object, also depending upon its distance from the lens.
Convex lenses magnify or enlarge objects. This type of lens is used in microscopes, telescopes, and binoculars.
Concave lenses bend light away from a central axis (see Figure 1b). Similar to a convex lens, the light that strikes near the edge of the concave lens is bent more sharply away from the central axis ( f ). The image seen through a concave lens is called a virtual image. It is always right side up and cannot be projected. The virtual image is always smaller than the original, no matter what its distance from the lens.
Individual lenses cannot form sharp, flawless images over a wide field, and the images are always accompanied by distortion and color aberrations. Thus, most optical devices use systems of lenses that often assemble convex and concave lenses in precise combinations to minimize distortion or produce various effects.
Certain lenses, called plano-concave and plano-convex, are curved on only one side. Optical correction lenses, such as those used in eyeglasses, are ground with one side concave and one convex. Convexo-concave lenses aid patients who are nearsighted, while farsighted patients require concavo-convex lenses.
[ See also Telescope ]


SRA11 first class albedometer is an instrument that measures global and reflected solar radiation and the solar albedo, or solar reflectance. It is composed of two SR11 first class pyranometers and one AMF02 albedometer mounting kit. AMF02 includes one glare screen, one mounting fixture with rod, mounting hardware and tools. Each pyranometer has a thermopile sensor and offers output in millivolt; the upfacing one measuring global solar radiation, the downfacing one measuring reflected solar radiation. SRA11 complies with the latest ISO and WMO standards. The modular design facilitates maintenance and calibration.
- global solar radiation and reflected solar radiation
- albedo or solar reflectance
- net solar radiation
or contact us: firstname.lastname@example.org


Tutorial: Cocos Creator: searchlight effects with shaders
The searchlight effect means that the entire scene or picture is black, and only the place illuminated by a light is bright. There are many ways to implement it but for this tutorial we use use a shader. The main reason to use a shader is to achieve higher efficiency, better effects, and increased scalability. Example:
Principles of Illumination
Developers know that the color in the program is determined by the three values of RGB. For example, the RGB value of red is
(255, 0, 0), but the maximum value of the color in the GLSL language is
1.0, and it is usually represented by a
vec4 data type. Red in GLSL is:
vec4(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);. The fourth parameter is the alpha value. In this example it is set to
In reality, objects have all kinds of colors, not that they are the color themselves, but the color of the light it can reflect. Sunlight contains all colors of light. The color of light that an object can reflect is related to the particle characteristics of the object itself. This determines the wavelength range of light that it can reflect, while other ranges of light are absorbed. This results in see objects of various colors. Example:
Using this principle, we can use a shader to control the color display of the target to simulate lighting. For example, white light is set by using:
vec4(1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0). This vector is multiplied by the color in the fragment shader, because each value is
1, the color of the object does not change. When we set the red light to
vec4 (1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0), the object will be red.
We then control the range of light to be a circle, then it is called a searchlight effect.
The following is the implementation process of a shader, not the complete code, only code snippets, developers who are familiar with the GLSL language should be able to understand, developers who do not understand can go to the end of the article to get the complete code and come back to learn.
The first is the light range logic, which judges whether it is within the light range based on the distance between the two points and the light center point. The points within the light range are the target color, and the points outside the range are set to black:
Example when running:
A general lighting range effect is available, but it is not natural, there is no transition at the edge of the light, and there are jagged edges, let’s add the transition effect to the edge of the light through interpolation:
smoothstep()function, in the above image, receives three parameters, the first is the minimum value of the range, the second is the maximum value of the range, and the third parameter is the target value
xthat needs to be calculated. If
xis less than the minimum value, it returns
0, and if it is greater than the maximum value, it returns
1, and the rest return
1interpolation. The range in the above code is the light radius and the radius plus
0.1to perform interpolation to achieve the transition effect of the light edge. Look at it after the modification, the effect is already good. Example:
Finally, we can notice the movement of the light source by setting the
light_centerparameter through code:
Note:- if your scene or target picture is not a square, then the range of illumination may not be a perfect circle, but an ellipse. This is because the coordinate range in Open GL is from
1, but the width and height are not necessarily proportional. So when developers calculate the range of the circle, pass in the aspect ratio of the scene or picture, and then correct it when calculating the range of the circle:
Diffusing Ambient Light
Everyone knows that no matter how dark a room is, we can always vaguely see the outline of the object, which is caused by the diffusely reflected ambient light. The surface of the object is not smooth, but rather is uneven. It will always reflect the light of the light source in all directions. After receiving the reflected light, other objects will reflect again and repeat the cycle. This is diffuse reflection, which is also called ambient light. This is why we can see things in a room without a light source. The principle of diffuse reflection is as follows:
In our example, the place where the light does not shine is completely dark, and sometimes we also need some ambient light caused by diffuse reflection. The real diffuse reflection algorithm is very complicated. It needs to be calculated by the normal vector. Here we are just a 2D texture map, so we just set the ambient light to an average constant, and add the environment to the logic where the light is not illuminated. Optical logic:
Can you see? The running effect is basically the same as the effect at the beginning of the tutorial.
Light intensity and light source color
In the previous process, we did not intervene in the target color within the illumination range, ensuring the inherent color of the target. However, sometimes we also need to change something. For example, the ambient light is mentioned above. The place with no light is not completely dark. Then, conversely, the place with light must be bright? Sometimes we also need to adjust the brightness and color of the light.
Look at the brightness of the light first. This is relatively simple. The logic is the same as the intensity of the ambient light. We then define a parameter of the light source intensity:
Multiply the lighting part and the transition part of the lighting edge involved in the interpolation operation by the light intensity to achieve our target effect. (However, one issue that needs to be noted here is what effect will the light intensity result be less than ambient_strength? You can try it out and try to modify it.)
Next, Add support for the color of the light source. According to the lighting principle mentioned at the beginning of the tutorial, developers can directly multiply the target color in our previous example by a light source color. For the light source color, developers should use the red light mentioned above:
This tutorial was contributed by Ituuz. Thank you Ituuz!. Visit their personal blog to learn more and find more interesting tutorials.
You can download the complete code for this tutorial on GitHub.


Eye Surgical procedure has actually come to be a mainstream method of vision correction, as well as this short article will clarify the benefits and drawbacks of three various approaches being provided to the medical consumer.
Lasik Eye Surgical procedure
LASIK is the phrase for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis and is an eye surgical system which completely fixes vision by getting rid of a thin layer of the cornea. This procedure functions best on individuals with moderate to high degrees of myopia (nearsightedness), reduced to modest levels of hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism associated with nearsightedness, and also who have thick corneas. It is the most widely known medical vision improvement approach.
People with normal eye view see objects clearly because pictures are brought right into a correct prime focus by the cornea as well as lens of the eye. Preferably, the cornea's curvature is evenly matched to its length in a regular eye. Individuals with astigmatism, myopia or hyperopia have off-and-on shaped corneas, so the items seen are not focused correctly. LASIK adjustments corneal form by exact removal of corneal tissue, and also by doing so deals with the eyes' focusing power.
There are, however, risks to LASIK eye surgery.
There is a remote opportunity of complete loss of vision. If this occurs, it is typically because the individual had a pre-existing condition which ought to have precluded the surgical treatment in the first place, such as pregnancy, cataracts, arthritis, diabetes, glaucoma, or lupus. People with big students are likewise bad candidates for LASIK. Dry eye disorder will certainly be worsened by this procedure.
A couple of patients grumble that they completely see "ghost" photos, have actually obscured vision, lessened comparison as well as bad evening vision. When LASIK wased initially presented, 5% of people had post-operative grievances; nevertheless, improvements in the treatment have triggered this price to drop to less than 1% if LASIK is performed by competent professionals as well as patients are properly evaluated before surgical procedure. If troubles do take place, they could usually be resoved by a retreatment.
FDA has actually accepted LASIK laser eye surgical treatment since 1998. While there are a lot of satisfied people, there are nonetheless no long-term research studies about its results. Understand the restrictions and the risks of LASIK eye surgical treatment prior to you sigh up for the procedure.
Though much less popular, these little implants could boost vision in clients with moderate to modest additional info myopia without the danger of long-term eye damages fundamental in the cells removal strategy of LASIK. Intacs are semi-circular disks implanted in the cornea which extend it to assume a flatter form. Though a little much less precise compared to LASIK, they are removeable and also exchangeable, so if the patient has an unanticipated over- or under-correction, the dental implant can be removed and also one more of a various size inserted to obtain the preferred modification. The implants are located at the edge of the cornea, so the central aesthetic location is entirely intact and also intact, as well as the toughness of the cornea is undiminished, making it a better alternative for pilots as well as those that take part in contact sports where eye injury is a possibility.
Intacs are unsuitable for severe nearsightedness and more than minor astigmatism (1.00 diopters), as the cornea could just be extended so far. If the Intacs are removed, vision go back to its preoperative degree. Apart from vision modification, click here for more Intacs are likewise used to treat keratoconus.
Intacs are FDA authorized and Ten Years studies have actually exposed no major troubles with Intacs and few client problems; however, since the procedure takes a lot more training than LASIK, there are less eye surgical treatment facilities using it. However, the Intacs internet site offers a checklist of experts in each state, too a couple of in Canada, Europe and Mexico.
Because many people do not intend to run the risk of LASIK and Intacs can not aid those with serious vision troubles, intraocular lens implants (IOL) are a new choice authorized by the FDA in 2004 to correct modest to serious nearsightedness. The Artisan lens, produced by Ophtec, is similar to the kind of lens dental implant used to recover vision complying with cataract eye surgery.
The new IOL, called the Craftsmen, is intended for just people that have 2.5 diopters or much less of astigmatism.
The man-made lens does not replace the all-natural lens, but is put in front of it. The major issue found with the implant was the steady loss of endothelial cells in the corneas of individuals that got the implants. The endothelium is a layer of cells that line the undersurface of the cornea and are crucial in maintaining the cornea clear. A three-year research revealed a regular stable loss of endothelial cells of 1.8 percent a year. At this moment, no person could forecast whether this loss will certainly continue at the very same rate indefinitely, or even its impact on corneal function.
To lessen long-lasting impacts of the tool on the corneal endothelium, the FDA is needing that the brand-new lenses be identified to specify that they ought to only be dental implanted in people whose corneal endothelial cells are thick adequate to stand up to minor cell loss.
A lot more significant problems were couple of: retinal detachment (0.6%), cataract advancement (0.6%), and also corneal swelling (0.4%). The FDA is needing Ophtec to conduct a five-year follow-up study of its dental implant patients to better evaluate the post-surgical incidence of cataract growth, retinal detachment and other sensory conditions.
The Craftsmen lens is intended to be an irreversible implant.Though it could be eliminated surgically, vision could not constantly return to just what it was prior to obtaining the lens. Because it does not influence astigmatism, clients with this issue might still call for glasses.


Photography with the C-8
Photography is an area in which I can not be a lot of help. I spent many nights trying my best to approximate the efforts of some of the astrophotographers with no success at all. It's a good thing to learn early that one does not have the patience to sit for hours at a guiding eyepiece just to turn out another out of focus and poorly guided image.
Don't let my failure deter you if you have the urge to capture the beauty of the night time sky. Even though I don't use the stuff, I do have some of the basic photo-accessories as shown below.
On the left you will see a prime focus adapter. This screws onto the back of the C-8 and a t-mount ring (shown in the front) attaches your camera to the scope. In back is a tele-extender used for high magnification photography. It allows an eyepiece to be inserted for eyepiece projection planetary and lunar photography. On the right is another type of tele-extender. The one in the center allows moving the position of the camera in reference to the eyepiece and gives you variable magnification.
Here is the variable tele-extender taken apart and showing the eyepiece. The C-8s' normal visual back is on the left. The eyepiece drops into the visual back and the tele-extender screws onto the threaded part of the back. Your camera and t-mount ring attach to the tele-extender.
Return to Accessories Page


3mm Ultra Thin Digital LED Strip with WS2812B-2020,60LEDs/strip
This is 3mm wide and 1meter long LED strip with 60pcs of WS2812-2020package LED.
- PCB type: Flexible pcb,black color
- PCB size: 3mmX1meter
- Mounting: tape
- Waterproof level: IP20 non-waterproof
- Connector type:JST SM-3p connector. Red cable is 5V, Green cable is data input, white cable is Ground.
- LED spacing: 16mm
- 5V power
- 60 full-color RGB LEDs
- LED type: WS2812
- LED package:2020 (metric)
- Compatible with WS2812/neopixel protocol
- Pattern Paint color setting : RGB


Written by AdFluencer IO in Blogging
May 5 th, 2018
The 50mm f/1.8 STM follows on the footsteps of the extremely popular 50mm f/1.8 USM II lens. The latter, arguably the greatest selling lens ever to roll out of a Canon assembly line. Big shoes the new lens has to fill in and it does that with some degree of success.
The 50mm f/1.8 STM is a budget lens designed primarily for Canon’s full-frame DSLR systems. That said this lens will also work on Canon’s EF-S mount cameras (APS-C 1.6x crop systems) as well as film cameras.
There are two primary reasons you would want to buy this lens as opposed to something like an 18-55mm kit. The first is undoubtedly the wickedly fast f/1.8 maximum aperture. Maximum aperture ensures that the lens can let in a lot of light. How much exactly? A kit lens can shoot at a maximum of f/3.5 when it is set to its widest focal length. Compared to that the 50mm f/1.8 STM can shoot at two stops faster. That means at any given lighting condition and the same shutter speed, the 50mm f/1.8 STM will take in 4 times the amount of light that a kit lens will.
Two ways really. You can shoot at a faster shutter speed in low light situations and therefore avoid camera shake. Normally, when shooting in low light you either slow down the shutter speed or increase the ISO number.
In the first instance, you risk camera blur which results in blurry images. In the second instance, you risk losing details in the shadows and induce noise.
A fast lens allows you to avoid both eventualities.
STM stands for Stepper Motor. This technology works much smoother than the original USM auto-focusing motor powered lens. There are too distinct choices here. One that is geared towards using a lens that locks focus fast, regardless of the associated jerky movement. These lenses are unsuitable for video work.
The other type of lens is the smooth focusing one. Like the 50mm f/1.8 STM. The fact that these lenses focus very smoothly means they are perfect for shooting videos.
Still, on the subject of focusing, the 50mm f/1.8 STM has an electronically coupled focusing ring. Meaning, the focusing ring is electronically connected with the focusing motor. That also means if the camera isn’t turned on you won’t be able to focus manually.
There is a semblance of a manual focusing override. But you have to press and hold the shutter release half way to be able to focus manually.
I said there are two primary reasons. Actually, there are three. The third being the price tag. You can’t hope to get a better piece of the optical tool at just $125 (or 100 £ depending on where you are).
Build quality is, to say the least – you get what you pay for. The lens mount is metal which is great. But there is an overgenerous amount of plastic used in the construction. This lens will not take too much abuse. There is no weather sealing either.
This lens comes with the older Super Spectra Coating (SSC) that is the precursor to the modern Subwavelength Coating that comes in more expensive lenses. Rounded 7 aperture blades make up the lens diaphragm which creates a nice bokeh.
Image quality is the same as the performance of the older 50mm f/1.8 USM II. It’s no wonder as the same optics have been used in the new lens.
Canon currently sells three versions of the 50mm prime. This being the only one that has the Stepper Motor auto-focusing technology. Though this is the ‘slowest’ lens of the three. But being less than one-tenth the price of the most expensive 50mm that Canon makes, it is certainly an option you cannot overlook.
Having said that the other two lenses that Canon sells are f/1.4 and f/1.2 respectively. With the last of the two being an L lens, which obviously means better build quality. None of the lenses come with image stabilization.
So, there are two ways of looking at it. If you are looking for a cheap 50mm lens that focuses smoother for video work, then go for the 50mm f/1.8 STM. Otherwise, if you have plenty of money to burn and need absolutely the best go for the 50mm f/1.2 L.
This post proudly presented by Photolancer Zone - Best Curated Photography
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Mable Fok, Ph.D
Dr. Mable Fok is currently an Associate Professor at the College of Engineering at University of Georgia. Her research lab – WAVE Lab, aims to bring fiber optics and photonics techniques to inter-disciplinary areas. Her current research interest includes soft robotics, bio-inspired photonics, fiber optic sensing, and microwave photonics. She has published over 200 journal and international conference papers and hold 4 US patents. Her work has been funded by National Science foundation (NSF), Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), and Oak Ridge Associated Universities. Dr. Fok is the recipient of the National Science Foundation CAREER award, University of Georgia Creative Research Medal, and Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Enhancement Award.


Are your glasses designed for use with sports? Are they shatter resistant? Do they fall of your face when you turn quickly? Your glasses should be specifically designed for sports use. They are a very important part of any sporting gear. Consider this:
- Every 13 minutes a person with a sports related eye injury visits an emergency room.
- Eye injuries are the leading cause of blindness in children.
- More than 100,000 sports and recreation related eye injuries occur each year.
- More than 90% of all eye injuries can be prevented with the use of appropriate protective eyewear. See your best with your newest prescription in your sports glasses and be comfortable and safe with the newest lens technologies. Just as many professional athletes now realize you should protect you or your child’s eyes with shatter resistant lenses and improve your eyesight with antiglare or improved contrast lenses.
We offer many different lens technologies to suite your needs:
- Saftey lenses –polycarbonate or Trivex: Polycarbonate lenses are 12 times stronger than regular plastic and are used by NASA and the military as a safety material for eyewear, helmet goggles and aircraft windows.
- We use special lenses ground on specially designed equipment for those form fitting frames that “wrap” around the face. The result: Your lenses look great in your frame and they don’t pop out. This allows people with higher prescriptions to use stylish custom sunglasses or recreation spectacles.
- Tints: a multitude of tints for different sports includingpolarized for reducing glare of surfaces such as water.
- Anti glare and reflection:Crizal with Scotchgard and Crizal Sun for the ultimate in reduced reflections, scratch resistance, cleanability.
- Sports progressive Varilux Sport: specifically designed progressive addition lens to allow unfettered distance vision while still giving a usable reading section. For those over forty who need help reading up close.
Our Sports Eyewear
Liberty Opictal’s REC SPECS offer a complete line of frames specifically designed for all types of sports. REC SPECS offer the highest degree of customization and protection for your sport. So if you need protection for baseball, scuba diving or just dry eyes, REC SPEC has the design for you.
Oakley premium eyewear passes the protective eyewear ANSI Z87.1 standards. They have a wide selection of stylish eyewear for your sports eyewear needs.


Eye Surgical treatment has become a mainstream method of vision adjustment, and this post will certainly explain the advantages as well as drawbacks of 3 various methods being used to the clinical customer.
Lasik Eye Surgical procedure
LASIK is the phrase for Laser-Assisted Sitting Keratomileusis and also is an eye medical system which completely deals with vision by removing a thin layer of the cornea. This procedure functions best on clients with modest to high degrees of myopia (nearsightedness), low to moderate levels of hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism connected with nearsightedness, and that have thick corneas. It is one of the most popular medical vision adjustment approach.
People with normal eye sight see objects clearly due to the fact that pictures are brought into a correct prime focus by the cornea and also lens of the eye. Ideally, the cornea's curvature is evenly matched to its size in a typical eye. People with astigmatism, nearsightedness or hyperopia have irregularly shaped corneas, so the things seen are not focused properly. LASIK modifications corneal form by specific removal of corneal tissue, as well as by doing so fixes the eyes' concentrating power.
There are, nonetheless, threats to LASIK eye surgical treatment.
There is a remote possibility of complete loss of vision. If this takes place, it is typically because the patient had a pre-existing condition which needs to have prevented the surgical procedure in the first place, such as maternity, cataracts, arthritis, diabetic issues, glaucoma, or lupus. People with big students are additionally bad candidates for LASIK. Dry eye disorder will certainly be intensified by this treatment.
A couple of individuals complain that they permanently see "ghost" images, have obscured vision, lessened comparison and bad night vision. When LASIK was first introduced, 5% of clients had post-operative complaints; nevertheless, improvements in the procedure have created this price to go down to much less than 1% if LASIK is carried out by experienced practitioners and individuals are properly evaluated before surgery. If troubles do take place, they could often be resoved by a retreatment.
FDA has approved LASIK laser eye surgery since 1998. While there are a lot of satisfied patients, there are nevertheless no long term researches about its results. Realize the constraints and the dangers of LASIK eye surgery before you sigh for the procedure.
Though much less well known, these tiny implants could enhance vision in clients with mild to moderate nearsightedness without the danger of long-term eye damages intrinsic in the cells removal strategy of LASIK. Intacs are semi-circular disks implanted in the cornea which stretch it to think a flatter shape. Though slightly much less exact compared to LASIK, they are removeable and also exchangeable, so if the patient has an unforeseen over- or under-correction, the dental implant can be removed and another of a different size placed to get the desired adjustment. The implants lie at the edge of the cornea, so the central visual area is totally intact and undamaged, and also the toughness of the cornea is undiminished, making it a far better alternative for pilots as well as those that take part in contact sporting activities where eye injury is a possibility.
Intacs are unsuitable for severe myopia as well as greater than small astigmatism (1.00 diopters), as the cornea could just be stretched so far. If the Intacs are eliminated, vision returns to its preoperative level. Apart from vision correction, Intacs are likewise used to treat keratoconus.
Intacs are FDA authorized and also One Decade research studies have disclosed no major issues with Intacs as well as few patient complaints; nevertheless, due to the fact that the procedure takes extra training than LASIK, there are fewer eye surgery facilities offering it. Nonetheless, the Intacs website gives a list of specialists in each state, also a couple of in Canada, Europe as well as Mexico.
Since lots of people do not wish to run the risk of LASIK and also Intacs can not help those with serious vision issues, intraocular lens implants (IOL) are a new option approved by the FDA in additional reading 2004 to deal with modest to extreme nearsightedness. The Artisan lens, manufactured by Ophtec, resembles the type of lens implant made use of to bring back vision complying with cataract eye surgical treatment.
The new IOL, called the Craftsmen, is planned for just clients that have 2.5 diopters or less of astigmatism.
The artificial lens does not change the natural lens, original site however is put in front of it. The major issue found with the implant was the stable loss of endothelial cells in the corneas of patients who got the implants. The endothelium is a layer of cells that line the undersurface of the cornea and are important in maintaining the cornea clear. A three-year research study showed a continuous constant loss of endothelial cells of 1.8 percent a year. Now, nobody can forecast whether this loss will proceed at the exact same price indefinitely, and even its influence on corneal feature.
To minimize long-lasting results of the gadget on the corneal endothelium, the FDA is calling for that the new lenses be labelled to specify that they need to only be implanted in people whose corneal endothelial cells are thick sufficient to endure small cell loss.
Extra major difficulties were couple of: retinal detachment (0.6%), cataract growth (0.6%), as well as corneal swelling (0.4%). The FDA is requiring Ophtec to perform a five-year follow-up survey of its implant patients to much better assess the post-surgical occurrence of cataract development, retinal detachment as well as other ophthalmic illness.
The Craftsmen lens is intended to be an irreversible implant.Though it can be removed operatively, vision could not always return to exactly what it was before getting the lens. Due to the fact that it does not impact astigmatism, patients with this issue might still need glasses.


Laser cutting is a technology that uses a laser to cut materials. It is a versatile and precise method commonly used in various industries for cutting and engraving a wide range of materials.
Laser-cutting technology has become increasingly popular in engineering and manufacturing due to its accuracy, speed, and ability to work with diverse materials.
In engineering and manufacturing, laser cutting has become a key technology for achieving high precision and efficiency in material processing, offering a range of possibilities for creating intricate components across different industries.
Here are some key aspects of laser-cutting for engineering and manufacturing:
- Laser cutting works by directing the output of a high-powered laser through optics. The laser beam focuses on a material's surface, causing it to melt, burn, or vaporise, leaving a high-quality finish.
- The process is controlled by computer numerical control (CNC) systems, ensuring precision and accuracy in cutting.
- Precision and Accuracy: Laser cutting offers high precision and accuracy, making it ideal for intricate designs and detailed cutting requirements.
- The focused laser beam allows for fine cuts with minimal material wastage.
- Laser cutting is a versatile process that can be used for cutting simple shapes, complex patterns, or detailed designs. It is also employed for engraving and marking surfaces.
- Laser cutting finds applications in various industries, including automotive, aerospace, electronics, signage, architecture, and medical device manufacturing.
- It is used for cutting components, prototypes, stencils, gaskets, and decorative items, among other things.
The laser cutter has a tolerance of +/- 0.1 mm.
The laser cutter can cut up to 4 mm for mild steel and 2.5 mm for stainless steel and titanium.
A laser cutter can cut down to 0.05 mm.
The laser cutter can work with a sheet size of 1250 x 1250 mm.
The laser cutter cuts mild steel, stainless steel and titanium.
For more information about our Laser Cutting service:


|Display Type||LCD with Micro-Lens Array|
|Resolution||XGA 1024 x 768|
|Projection Distance||0.88 ~ 10.90 / 2.88 ~ 35.76|
|Lamp Life||20,000 hours|
|Interface||Input Sources: VGA, HDMI, Composite|
|Power||Power Supply: 100 ~ 240 V AC; 50 ~ 60 Hz
Power Consumption Max (W): 300
Power Consumption Min (W): 150
|Weight||Product Weight (Kilograms/Pounds): 3.1 / 6.83|
|Dimension||Dimensions (W x H x D) (mm / in): 345 x 261 x 99 / 13.58 x 10.27 x 3.89|
|Manufacturing Warranty||1 Year|
|Parts Warranty||Lamp Warranty: 1000 Hrs|
InFocus IN1004 3100 Lumens 3LCD XGA Projector
The InFocus IN1004 Projector features cutting-edge display technology! Display information from your Windows laptop or PC to the projector through the USB-C or USB-A connection using a USB cable. Advanced. LCD. Projection. InFocus introduces its newest LCD projector in over a decade. Of course, much has changed since InFocus introduced the first LCD over 25 years ago, but the company’s commitment to producing high-quality goods and supplying cutting-edge technology has not. This new affordable and bright LCD series, which is placed alongside our other Lamp, LED, and Laser models, comes packed with: up to 5000 lumens, a 50000:1 contrast ratio, signal inputs up to 3840 x 2160 (4K) @ 30Hz, and weighs only 3.3kg, making it incredibly easy to move around your home, office, or anywhere!
Six-point pincushion, barrel adjustment, and LAN Display
The InFocus IN1004 Projector optical distortion algorithms and built-in image correcting software. Connect your projector and Windows device to the same local area network and use the network to send source content to the projector and onto the large screen. When no network is available, we also provide the option of displaying through USB to the projector’s RJ45 connector via cable.
Capture, Display, and Optimal Contrast Ratio of a Logo
The IN1004 Projector from InFocus With our built-in picture capture tool, you may display your corporate logo or school mascot on your projector’s start-up screen background. The use of sophisticated Iris dynamically adjusts the iris settings, offering brightness optimization to best fit the presented material. To make the best use of the projector’s available light output, advanced iris darkens dark images and materials and opens up on bright ones. The resulting contrast levels are incredible. The InFocus IN1004 3100 Lumens 3LCD XGA Projector has a 01-year warranty.


TETRA- CO2 WITH COOLPEEL®
CoolPeel is a new treatment that has virtually eliminated discomfort associated with fractional CO2 laser and reduced the downtime to as little as one day. The CoolPeel laser treatment uses the Smartxide Tetra laser, the latest and most advanced CO2 laser from leading laser company, DEKA.
Patients of all ages are seeking fractional CO2 laser skin resurfacing. However, with today’s fast-paced lifestyles, everyone wants the results without the lengthy recoveries. The SmartXide Tetra CO2 laser has the ability to perform a broad range of treatments including a CoolPeel® treatment.
Providers can easily select the precise power, density, and pulse durations needed to tailor and optimize treatments to fit your patients’ expectations.
Applications of the Tetra CO2 laser:
Scars, including Acne Scars


Small-sized indoor network camera. Fixed lens. 1/4" progressive scan CMOS sensor. Connects over wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11g) or wired Ethernet. Multiple, individually configurable H.264, Motion JPEG and MPEG-4 Part 2 streams; max VGA 640 x 480 resolution at 30 fps. Two-way audio with built-in microphone and speaker. Video motion and audio detection. Passive infrared (PIR) sensor and white LED illuminator integrated. Includes stand and clamp for easy mounting, and power supply.


Variscope microscopes are at the forefront of optical design and innovation. Rigorous research and testing has produced some of the finest microscopy instruments available. Each microscope is crafted to the highest standards to ensure outstanding clarity and functionality.
Our microscopes are available exclusively through our authorized dealers to ensure that you receive the best service from trusted professionals. Every microscope is backed by a 5 year warranty.
For almost 10 years, Variscope has provided the best optical instruments available and that is why we are leaders in the world of microscopy.


Mount footprint on the wall (excluding the cable covers):
4.2” in height x 3.3” in width (10.6 cm height x 8.3 cm width)
Total cable length: 14 feet (426.7 cm)
Total cable cover length: 10 feet (304.8 cm)
Total package weight: 2.5 lbs / 1.1kg
AC Power supply
0.4A (input), 5VDC 2A (output)
HD Color with digital zoom, image sensor optimized for low light conditions
Field of view:
Maximum 130-degree view with optimized image correction
Infrared LEDs (850nm) with IR cut filter
HD Video, H2.64 encoding
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)256-bit symmetric-key encryption, Secure data transfer (TLS/SSL)
Temperature & Humidity
Diffused, ceiling oriented LED light with a soft glow.
Wi-Fi 802.11b/g/n/a 2.4 Ghz or 5 Ghz (WEP, WPA, WPA2 encryption supported)
Nanit works with high-speed internet connections.
To set-up you Nanit, you'll need a compatible iPhone, iPad, or Android device with Bluetooth 4.0
Free Nanit app available for smartphones and tablets.
In the box
One Nanit camera, wall mount bracket, wall mount with a 14 feet (426 cm) power cable, 11 straight cable cover units, 2 corner cable cover units, one end cable cover unit, mounting screws and anchors kit, power adapter, mounting template, Quick Start Guide.


A refractor telescope or refracting telescope, also known as dioptric telescope, is a type of optical telescope that uses a lens to form an image. This type of telescope has at least one primary lens and one lens at the eyepiece where the viewer sees the image. The objective lense refract the light penetrating through the device and converges straight from the objective lens to a focal point, giving a magnified view.
Refractor telescopes are long, thin telescopes known for sharp, crisp, detailed, contrasty images and are best for viewing the moon and planets. A quality achromatic refractor of 60mm to 80mm aperture will make a fine starter scope. They are portable, maintenance free, and less expensive. A refractor is the scope of choice if you will be doing most of your observing from the city or suburbs, where the night skies are moderately light-polluted. A refractor telescope with bigger aperture will yield washed out and poor images as it will amplify the sky glow.
The refractor boasts of an optical system that is highly resistant to misalignment. Greatly reliable and very convenient to travel with, this telescope entails lesser cleaning as the lenses are sealed inside the tube.However, refractor telescopes are more expensive than reflector telescopes. The best for the eye is apochromatic refractor telescopes, but they are more expensive.
In the second half of the 19th century large refracting telescopes were very popular, the reflecting telescopes are preferred by the researchers. As refractor telescopes use lenses to collect and focus light, it is difficult to make large refractor telescopes as finely ground glass lenses are expensive and heavy. The Yerkes Observatory in Wisconsin is the largest refractor telescope ever made and has lenses that are 40 inches in diameter.
Refracting telescope’s advantages:
- The refractor telescopes are low in maintenance
- The refractor telescope produces high-contrast, sharp images.
- Due to air tight seal of a refractor telescope, the air currents does not affect the view.
- The refractor telescope is ideal for long distance terrestrial viewing as well as viewing the planets, stars and other deep sky objects.
There are several disadvantages of this type of optical telescope:
- This type of telescope costs more than the reflector and catadioptric telescope when comparing models of the same aperture size.
- Due to the design of the telescope, the refractor telescope isn’t the best for viewing faint astronomical objects.
- Although the images are clear, there may be unexpected color fringes around the objects in view.
- Inexpensive models do not result in decent astronomical viewing as it lack the quality needed.
Despite the disadvantages of these types of telescopes, they are the most user-friendly versions and would be best suited for amateur star gazers.


Stockholmer Str. 9 Jena Germany
Founded in 2001, asphericon is one of the technology leaders in the field of aspheric optics and systems. By combining a worldwide unique CNC control technology with high-end manufacturing processes, asphericon routinely achieves unique levels of dimensional precision for optical components, assemblies and systems. The latest manufacturing technologies, continually evolving proprietary control software, world-class metrology equipment, and highly qualified employees ensure that asphericon can provide more than 800 customers worldwide with innovative solutions.
- asphericon GmbH


This past week we have received our newest addition to the Draisin Vision Group Family~ our OCT! Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) is one of the latest and greatest types of imaging technology for the eye. OCT is used for taking cross-sectional pictures of the retina, optic nerve and cornea. Each of the ten layers in the retina can be detected. OCT allows us to measure the thickness of each layer to aid in the early detection and diagnosis of retinal diseases and conditions. It is used to diagnose and follow treatment in certain eye conditions and diseases. Such conditions include age-related macular degeneration, pre-retinal membranes, macular swelling, macular holes, cystoid macular edema, central serous retinopathy, glaucoma, and optic nerve damage. We pledge to stay on the forefront of our profession through the newest technology and education available and we are very excited to bring this advanced imagining to the Draisin Vision Group!
What to expect at your visit with the OCT: The testing time is very short and non-invasive. You will be seated for the test facing the equipment, viewing at a small target in the equipment. We will use a special camera to take pictures of your inner eye. The images are transmitted to a computer for us to view and analyze.
The retina is a multi-layered sensory tissue that lines the back of the eye. It contains millions of photoreceptors that capture light rays and convert them into electrical impulses. These impulses travel along the optic nerve to the brain where they are turned into images. There are two types of photoreceptors in the retina: rods and cones. The retina contains approximately 6 million cones. The cones are contained in the macula, the portion of the retina responsible for central vision. They are most densely packed within the fovea, the very center portion of the macula. Cones function best in bright light and allow us to appreciate color.
There are approximately 125 million rods. They are spread throughout the peripheral retina and function best in dim lighting. The rods are responsible for peripheral and night vision. The OCT helps us to detect any type of disruption in the retinal layers secondary to pathology.


Technology is getting advanced day by day and that to not in a particular field ,but in various directions. The creators of existing products are either competing with he devices with the same functionality with slight different features or creating devices which you have never even dreamt of ! One of such technology from the latter category are “Portable laser pens that can seal wounds”! Unbelievable isn’t it? How can we have a laser pen that can heal wounds? Lasers are used not only to create wounds but also to heal them. It is being widely used as an alternative for traditional needle-and-thread-surgeries. Even in microsurgery
techniques there are chances of infections and scars. Scientists have been working on flesh-welding lasers over a decade. The first experiment for the doctors to implement the laser technique was: carbon-di-oxide lasers to seal wounds. But it involved a great risk as the temperature of the laser couldn’t be controlled. Sealing the wounds internal or external to the body can be achieved by “laser welding” Abraham Katzir, physicist at Tel Aviv University, with his team had devised a laser that heats the body tissues in a precise manner. The temperature can be set as required, reduced or increased appropriately. Earlier carbon-di-oxide lasers caused thermal damage to the delicate human tissues which caused the tissues to be either over heated or under heated. The group then created a pen-sized tool that uses optic fibers One fiber directs carbon dioxide-powered infrared laser to the wound with pinpoint precision, and another that leads from the pen to an infrared sensor, which measures the temperature and ensures that the temperature remains within the ideal range of 60 to 70 degrees Celsius. All that has to be done is, move the pen’s tip along the cut with the solder of water-soluble protein. Katzir says- “Our advantage is that we have developed optical fibers – we’re one of the very, very few groups in the world who have optical fibers that transmit IR radiation. We measure the infrared emitted from the spot and can know the temperature exactly.” This technique is well-known as Katzir’s laser technique which has been used in the surgical removal of gall bladder. It is also used for curing arthritis, migraine headaches, lower back pain, pressure sores, burns, swelling and the list goes on. Laser technology has also been applied to regenerate new cells and tissues. New laser techniques that reduce the amount of light to which the tissues are exposed during studies or procedures are making their way in the medical field. One such device, called the femtosecond laser, was approved by the FDA for eye cataract surgery in May 2010. Hence the laser techniques have been employed over a wide range in medicinal fields.
By: Sonali Jagdish


The eye can be taken a look at with relative ease as to both its function and its structure. A functional assessment includes the capability to move in the orbit and the response of the student to light and accommodation.
The function of the eye may be checked in numerous ways. The patient may be asked to determine illuminated letter or things of differing sizes on what is referred to as the Snellen chart.
Alternatively, the evaluation of the structural part of the eye might be made in several methods. Tension within the eyeball is determined by a "tonometer." In certain illness, especially in glaucoma, the stress in the eyeball is increased markedly.
Nevertheless, it ought to be well bore in mind that a patient with an eye problem might have other problems too. Frequently other physical conditions are primary and affect the eye as a consequence. The look of the eye can signal the doctor and the client to troubles in some disruptions of other parts of the body even before other symptoms provide themselves.
Consequently, one's reliance on sight is stressed when one deals with a possible or momentary irreversible loss of this essential sense. When corrective measures are looked for, particular types of vision correction such as contact lenses or eyeglasses are recommended.
On the other hand, some people are troubled with the truth that they have some framed lenses or contact lenses in front of their eyes.
For this factor, advanced surgical operations were developed to motivate decreased utilization of contact lenses or glasses. Among which is the now popular LASIK eye surgery.
Basically, LASIK eye surgery is the brief term for "Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis." Like its concrete counterpart, LASIK eye surgical treatment is another kind of vision correction. The only distinction is that with this type of surgical treatment, one's vision is remedied completely.
With LASIK eye surgery, the refractive mistakes in the cornea are completely transformed. This can be done utilizing an "excimer laser."
The primary purpose of this surgical treatment is to produce a threadlike, rounded "flap" in the cornea utilizing a blade referred to as "microkeratome." In a series of unfolding and laser processing, the cornea is finally reformed, enabling better the eye to direct more light into the retina.
Appeal vs. Disadvantages
Amidst the growing appeal of LASIK eye surgery, there are still disadvantages that people should know. Most likely, the main reason that this type of eye surgical treatment has ended up being well accepted is since the majority of its cases had actually achieved success.
In spite of its success, there are still some disadvantages. Here is the list:
1. It is an operation applied to the most delicate part of the eye
Since LASIK eye surgical treatment involves the operation of the retina, which is among the most sensitive parts of the eye, the majority of people say that the operation can be very risky.
Simply puts, a basic error might almost cause an person's life time blindness. For this reason, it is important to think about many elements prior to deciding whether LASIK eye surgery is the best corrective step one needs to go through.
2. It is not a best procedure
LASIK eye surgery may fix your vision but it does not necessarily mean that it can give you a twenty-twenty. Even if statistical reports reveal that 70% of the clients might have 20/20 vision, this does not necessarily imply they have perfect vision also.
Offered all this these things, it can be deduced that, in spite of the popularity of the operation, LASIK may not constantly be the perfect eye surgical treatment the way the majority of individuals see it
Conversely, the examination of the structural part of the eye might be made in numerous methods. It pop over to these guys needs to be well kept in mind that a client with an eye problem might have other issues. Typically other physical conditions are primary and affect the eye as a consequence. The look of the eye can inform the client and the physician to problems in some disturbances of other parts of the body even before other symptoms provide themselves.
Like its tangible counterpart, LASIK eye surgical treatment is another type of vision correction.


LED technology’s evolution has led to better development in an intelligent lighting system such as LED Pixel or Smart RGB LED. This type of smart lighting has many uses and is widely produced all over the world. LED pixel has become an increasingly huge factor in many industries, including entertainment, appliances and gadgets, and many more. The advancement in LED technology is the key factor in market growth and development.
Today, LED pixel or smart RGB light continues to evolve to cope with society’s advancements and provide us more efficient technology. This never-ending process of evolution had brought us This kind of lighting.
What is a LED Pixel?
LED Pixel is an array of LEDs; it consists of hundreds or thousands of LEDs connected to an integrated control chip. Digital controllers are used in LED lighting to control the LED individually or by a group. This controller enables the LED to create patterns, images, and video.
What is a Pixel?
A pixel is a picture element, and it is a tiny square of color. An array of LEDs in one panel produces a pixel. Thousands of pixel forms a digital image and pattern formally known as video. Each pixel has a specific number. The controller processes the pixel individually or by a group to produce the digitization process to produce digital images and turns them into a set of pixels that produces patterns and video images. Each square pixel represents a number, and the controller simply assigns the right color for each pixel. Basically saying it’s like a digital color by number. For example, if you look closely at a LED display like televisions, you’ll see a blurry square with a color in it. These are called pixel squares. Each pixel squares can be a million different colors.
LED Pixel lighting an advanced smart lighting system
LED pixel is an advanced technology that produces many magnificent things, especially in the entertainment industry. This advanced lighting continues to develop to achieve much greater heights. This advanced lighting system is used in many applications, including structural designs. LED pixel strips are popularly used in structural lighting design as decorative lighting. The ability to change the colors of these small devices is really something. This lighting system can create amazing patterns and digital images that are simply amazing. Multi-colored pixel led lights are being used to decorate structures and homes. LED pixel lights are also popular in high-class hotels, casinos, sports centers, and stadiums. Lastly, LED pixel lighting is commonly used in many LED display forms like a smartphone screen, monitors, televisions, and many more.
What is RGB?
RGB stands for red, green, and blue. This three-color is a color scheme that produces multi variations of colors. Red, green, and blue mixing together create another color. This type of light has many applications and is used in almost all types of displays, including LED displays.
What are LED displays?
LED short for light-emitting diode. When a voltage is applied to this small technology, they conduct illumination. Basically saying, led display is a flat panel that uses an array of LED as pixels to produce visual or video display. LED display is an array of LEDs that combines the three basic colors red, green, and blue (RGB) to visualize other colors. RGB display has many applications and is commonly used in the entertainment technology industry—they are used in Televisions, smartphones, monitors, and many more appliances and gadgets.
LED pixel produces high-resolution displays because it has dense diode arrays of about thousands of diodes. More of this is the need to control illumination and the color cycle across millions of individual pixels. Thus, it allows it to render high-resolution displays.
How does a LED Display Works?
How does this small technology work? It’s an amazing thing how this small technology can produce patterns, images, and videos. There are many things that we don’t know how this thing works. An LED display produces video, but how? An LED display consisting of many LEDs closely placed together in one flat panel creates patterns and video. Thousands of small LEDs placed in one funnel, constantly mixing the three colors to produce wide ranges of color. These three primary colors (Red, Green, Blue) combine to form a Pixel.
LED Display Lifespan
An LED display’s lifespan cannot be determined as many factors can affect its lifespan. However, with proper care and maintenance, LED display can certainly last up to 8-15 years. The environmental condition can also affect its lifespan, especially in extreme weather conditions. If these things are exposed for too long, they can malfunction or even be destroyed.
LED Display Energy Cost-Effective
LED technology is a highly efficient technology and doesn’t consume much more electricity than your ordinary bulb. An LED display is made out of an array of LEDs in one funnel, making it energy efficient. The energy consumes entirely depends on the type of display usage and brightness they emit.
There are many types of LED displays that are available in the market. It has many varieties and sizes that are used in many applications and structural lighting. Each LED displays power consumptions varies from its size and structure. For example, television and digital billboards consume power differently. Major factors affect how much power should be used in a LED display like brightness, resolution, and quality color and pixel.
Pixel LED lighting is used for?
Pixel LED has many applications, and they are mainly used today in LED displays and architectural lighting designs. Pixel Led lights are an advanced system of LED bulbs capable of changing colors connected that produce digital images. This small technology is used in many industries that produce as follows:
- Structural Lighting
- Hotels Lighting
- Digital Billboards
- Stadium Lighting
- Office Tower Lighting
- Bridges Illumination
The advancement in lighting technology has made multiple industries develop, especially in entertainment technology industries and sports industries.
Led Pixel or Pixel Led lighting proves to be the best to use in many lighting applications. It’s very beneficial not only are they durable, eco-friendly, energy cost-effective, and small, but they also have many uses essential in developing our technology. All in all, LEDs have various uses in our modern technology to further enhance our daily lives. This small technology discovered by a Russian technician is probably one of the most useful inventions ever created.


In the latest breakthrough, ST has released its cutting-edge Next Gen Multizone (8×8) Time-of-Flight (ToF) Ranging Sensor VL53L8CX, achieving a significant leap in ranging capabilities. The VL53L8CX combines a cutting-edge VCSEL with two sophisticated metasurface lenses within an innovative, compact module. This integration expands its capabilities for diverse high-performance applications, including but not limited to low-power system activation, gesture recognition, robotics SLAM, liquid level monitoring, and numerous others.
In comparison to its predecessor, the VL53L5CX, the enhancements in this new sensor mark a remarkable advancement. Notably, these improvements enhanced the sensor’s resilience against ambient light interference, resulting in a remarkable extension of its maximum range under daylight conditions—from 170cm to an impressive 285cm. Additionally, a substantial reduction in power consumption is witnessed, plummeting from 4.5 mW to a mere 1.6 mW when operating in low-power mode.
Unveiling the VL53L8CX: a groundbreaking 8×8 multizone Time-of-Flight (ToF) ranging sensor that revolutionizes performance, particularly in challenging ambient light conditions, while significantly reducing power consumption. Leveraging the cutting-edge STMicroelectronics FlightSense technology, this sensor is meticulously crafted to deliver unparalleled precision in ranging, extending its accuracy up to an impressive 400 cm, all within a wide 65° Diagonal Field of View (FoV). This innovation leverages a state-of-the-art VCSEL and sophisticated silicon-based meta-optics to propel the sensor’s performance to unprecedented heights.
The VL53L8CX sensor’s versatility extends its application horizon across various domains. In the field of mobile robots, particularly autonomous vacuum cleaners, this sensor plays a pivotal role in refining guidance capabilities. Imagine these robots navigating rooms with unparalleled precision, utilizing the sensor’s floor-sensing prowess to detect subtle variations for efficient cleaning. Its small object detection capability ensures the identification and avoidance of obstacles, allowing seamless movement through cluttered spaces. Moreover, the sensor’s cliff detection capability safeguards against accidental falls or mishaps, ensuring safe and reliable operation in multi-level environments.
Expanding beyond robotics, the VL53L8CX finds relevance in diverse sectors. In the automotive industry, it can be instrumental in advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS), aiding in object detection and collision avoidance. Additionally, in industrial automation, this sensor becomes a critical component for conveyor belt systems, enabling accurate object detection and tracking for efficient material handling.
Further applications emerge in the realm of smart devices. Picture smartphones equipped with this sensor for enhanced camera autofocus functionality, capturing sharper images by swiftly adjusting focus. Similarly, in smart home systems, the sensor facilitates gesture recognition for intuitive control of devices, adding a touch of futuristic convenience to daily life.
Introducing the cutting-edge next-generation Time-of-Flight (ToF) sensor, boasting remarkable enhancements in both power efficiency and distance-ranging capabilities. This advanced sensor introduces a multitude of features, including a dynamic multizone distance measurement function, available in either 4×4 or 8×8 independent zones.
Operating in an autonomous low-power mode, this sensor offers programmable interrupt thresholds, empowering it to rouse the host system intelligently. Impressively, it delivers precise ranging capabilities of up to 400 cm, showcasing superior performance even in challenging ambient light conditions.
The sensor’s multitarget detection and distance measurement in each zone provide an intricate level of detail, further refined by histogram processing and algorithmic compensation, effectively mitigating cover glass crosstalk for unparalleled accuracy.
Each zone is equipped with a motion indicator, offering real-time insights into target movements, enabling a comprehensive understanding of their motion patterns. With a remarkable frame rate capability of 60 Hz, this fully integrated miniature module boasts a wide 65° diagonal square Field of View (FoV), achieved through state-of-the-art diffractive optical elements (DOEs) enhancing both transmitter and receiver functionality.
The sensor’s receiving array comprises single photon avalanche diodes (SPADS), while being intelligently managed by a low-power microcontroller running optimized firmware. All this functionality is packed into a compact form factor measuring 6.4 x 3.0 x 1.75 mm, ensuring effortless integration into diverse systems.
Its seamless integration is further facilitated by being a single reflowable component, operating with a 1.8 V core supply and 3.3 V AVDD supply, offering flexible interface voltage levels of 1.2 V or 1.8 V IOVDD. The sensor communicates effortlessly via I²C, supporting speeds of up to 1 MHz, or SPI, reaching impressive speeds of up to 3 MHz.
Moreover, this sensor’s compatibility extends across a wide range of cover glass materials, and it excels even when hidden behind a dark cover glass, making it an ideal choice for applications where concealment is crucial.
With multitarget detection, motion indicators, and advanced compensation for cover glass interference, this miniature module offers a wide field of view and high-speed frame rates. Its compact size, flexible interface, and compatibility with various cover glass materials make it a versatile and easily integrated solution for diverse applications, including those requiring concealed installations.
As per ST’s latest update, The VL53L8CX is available now, housed in a 6.4mm x 3.0mm x 1.75mm leadless package, from $3.60 for orders of 1000 pieces.


|Home||» Products||» UV Coating and Curing Machines||» UV Coater Machine|
UV Coater Machine
We are an accredited supplier and manufacturer of high quality UV Coater Machine. This coater is widely admired for its optimum performance and is utilized for coating the boxes, papers and photos. This is manufactured by using the sophisticated methodology and excellent quality materials as per the industry norms. Ultra violet coating can be applied on plastic and glass to diminish the amount of ultraviolet radiation that passes through. Offered UV Coater Machine is accessible in diverse specifications in order to meet the varied requirements of the patrons.
- High operational fluency
- Photographic filters
- Power efficient
- Low maintenance
TANIYA INDUSTRY All Rights Reserved.


New research from AAA shows that clouded or yellowed headlights generate only 20 percent of the amount of light that new headlights do. According to AAA, most headlights are made of plastic, and exposure to sunlight breaks down the plastic coating, causing discoloration that obscures the amount of light produced. Depending on where and how the vehicle is used, headlights can begin showing signs of deterioration as early as three years to five years, the association reports.
Greg Brannon, AAA’s director of automotive engineering and industry relations, said headlights on U.S. vehicles — even when new — don’t produce a sufficient amount of lighting, “so any reduction in performance is a real safety issue.”
The headlight assemblies used in AAA’s testing were for the driver’s side of the vehicle. According to the association, it contracted an accredited testing laboratory with expertise in automotive headlights and conducted testing according to industry standards.
AAA reports that headlights were tested according to FMVSS-108 standards with no modifications to the headlight assemblies under test or to the test procedures. The headlights were from two popular sedans, approximately 11 years in age. And, results from the degraded headlights were measured against new headlights to quantify the amount of light produced for each.
AAA also examined the effects that replacing or restoring a headlight can have on improving the amount of light produced. Replacing headlights with OE parts was the most effective method to restore light output back to 100 percent, according to the association.
Aftermarket parts also performed well, AAA reports, restoring light output between 83 percent and 90 percent. However, the organization indicates that these did fail to meet certain requirements for light intensity and were found to be more likely to produce glare for oncoming traffic.
Restoring headlights, while the most cost-effective option, offered less of an improvement in light output than replacement, according to AAA. Professional and DIY restoration returned light output back to approximately 70 percent, the association reports; however, both restoration methods produced more glare than is acceptable according DOT criteria.
The professional headlight restoration systems in AAA’s research used a power sanding technique to remove the original protective film from the headlight lens. The resulting scratched surface of the polycarbonate was then polished using increasingly finer grades of sanding discs, and a protectant film was applied to the entire surface of the headlight lens.
AAA’s full methodology is available in the research report found here.
Compounding the problem of driving with deteriorated headlights, AAA contends, is that U.S. headlights have shortcomings. Previous association research indicated that halogen headlights fail to safely illuminate unlit roadways at speeds as low as 40 mph, while high beam settings offer only marginal improvements. According to AAA, even the most advanced headlights tested illuminated just 40 percent of the sight distances that the full light of day provides.
Brannon said: “Driving at night with headlights that produce only 20 percent of the light they did when new, which is already subpar, is a risk drivers shouldn’t take — especially when there are convenient and inexpensive solutions that can dramatically improve lighting performance.”
AAA recommends that drivers check their headlights for changes in appearance, such as yellowing or clouding. And, if the bulb is difficult to see, it’s time to have the lenses replaced or restored, according to the association.


Plastic was first introduced to the optical lens industry as a laminate of glass lenses with the Motex lens in the 1930's. The Motex lens mimicked the technology used at that time on car windshield. Glass laminated with thin sheets of plastic helped prevent excessive splintering of glass in the event of an accident. The laminated glass lens was short lived, but paved the way for the Igard lens, the first true plastic lens. This lens was introduced by and English company named COIL (Combined Optical Industries Limited) and was made of PMMA (Polymerized Methyl Methacrylate). Besides the light weight factor, the Ingard lens turned yellow, scratched easily and were expensive. In 1947 Armolite introduced CR-39 lenses. CR-39 is a material that was derived for the military as durable light weight plastic used on military planes in WWII. CR-39 plastic is actually ADC (Allyl Diglycol Carbonate), invented by an Ohio based company named Columbia Southern Chemical Company (CSCC) a subsidiary of Pittsburg Plate Glass Company (PPGC). CSCC initiated a project named Columbia Resins and achieved its goal on the 39th attempt, hence leading to CR-39. Sola, Essilor, Armolite, Univis Lens Co. and 3M (Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company) are notable companies that helped to pave the way for the CR-39 lens.
The CR-39 lens has an index of 1.498 and has an Abbe Value of 58 with a specific gravity of 1.32 g/cm3.
The most available lens considering lens type and premium lenses.
Almost 50% lighter than Glass
One of the best and easiest mediums to tint
Low index of refraction (not ideal for heavy prescriptions)
Not as scratch resistant as glass


Physicists propose superabsorption of light beyond the limits of classical physics
In one potential method to realize superabsorption, a superabsorbing ring absorbs incident photons, giving rise to excitons. Credit: Higgins, et al. (Phys.org) —In a well-known quantum effect called superradiance, atoms can emit light at an enhanced rate compared to what is possible in classical situations. In natural systems, light emission dominates over light absorption, which is why superabsorption has not yet been observed. Eventually, harvesting sunlight in a highly efficient way might one day be possible using superabsorbing systems based on our design, but a more immediate application would be building an extremely sensitive light sensor that could form the basis of new camera technology, said coauthor Simon Benjamin, Professor at Oxford University. We are working on an alternative scheme for quantum enhanced light absorption, which uses what’s called a ‘dark state’ as an efficient means of extracting energy from light, and is similar to what happens in photosynthesis, which is in contrast to superabsorption, which is very different to how natural light harvesters work, Higgins said.


Arduino based led street light auto intensity control the main devices and elements required to implement an automatic street light system to control the. One of the disadvantages of an automatic street light is thatsometimes it does not turn off when it should. Papers which were related to field of lighting system, i found that there are papers only about street light system and that too most of them are passive infrared receiver based and few are ldr based but they are controlled by means of timers and analog circuits. Automatic street light control i have done a project of automatic street light controller using photo transistor essay on science advantages and. This is done by using automatic street light control system so, the ambiance of light is checked and lights are turned on when it is dark and turned off during the day.
Philips lighting lighting conventional lighting white papers connect new and existing street lights quickly and easily automatic,. Automatic street light controller introduction: automatic streetlight needs no manual operation for switching on and off when there is need of light. Controls the street light on/off conditions 1 8051 micro controller unit keil compiler this project of automatic street lights is a cost effective, practical.
Traffic control in the us vs traffic in kinshasa essay - in the united states, traffic control as we know it primarily consists of road signs, traffic lights, cameras, and police officers ensure that vehicle drivers, motorcyclists, bicyclists, and trucks are following the laws so that all can have a safe trip while on the road. Automatic street light control introduction to embedded systems an embedded system can be defined as a computing device that does a specific focused job. Automatic street light controller essay sample 1 introduction automatic street light control system is a simple and powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch to switch on and off the street light automatically. Automatic street light controller circuit using relays and ldr did you ever think that how the street lights automatically turn on in the night and turn off automatically at morning. The application of solar powered led street lighting • charge controllers and other electronics need to be as efficiency as possible to maximize the benefits.
Manufacturer of automatic street light controller - street light controller, scada street light automation controller, high mast light controller offered by instruments universal, vadodara, gujarat. 433 design of new intelligent street light control system in china, the methods of time-control, optical-control and time-optical-control are in common used to. Automatic street light controller using pic16f877a to control the led intensity please upload ieee papers of automatic staircase lighting using pir sensor ram. Automatic street light control using ldr literature survey of automatic street light on and off control using download journal papers on new techniques of. Automatic street light control - report & circuit diagram automatic street light control abstract : automatic street light control system is a simple yet powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch.
Project report automatic street light control project report automatic street light control papers for 2017 03 24 electrical technology 7th edition electrical. Automatic street light control system is a simple and powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch to switch on and off the street light automatically. Fig 4: project on automatic light system future scope the above project we can develop solar street light system with automatic street light controller the system can be powered from a battery, which can be charged during day time by harvesting the solar energy through a solar cell.
Literature review on automatic street light control texas oxnard american essays apa format new jersey consumer behavior chapter 3 market segmentation edit essay on traditional for $10, 3 line printable writing paper, essay on. This ppt is on the topic of :automatic street light control using ir sensors tq. We are discussing about solar led street light with auto intensity controlthis street light is street light with automatic intensity control[2. An introduction: needs no manual operation for switching on and off when there is a need of light it automatically switches on when darkness rises to a certain level then sensor circuit gets activated and switches on and when there is other source of light ie daytime, the street light gets off.


Scientists can now “squeeze” light
Date: Sunday, November 01, 2015 @ 01:47:11 EST
(via Keelynet.com) Have you ever wondered why we don’t use light to transmit messages? Nothing can travel faster than the speed of light, but while we use light to carry signals along fiber optic cables, we use electrons to process sound and information in our phones and computers.
The reason has always been because light particles–photons—are extremely difficult to manipulate, whereas electrons can be manipulated relatively easily.
The physicists, led by Professor Eric Mazur, have created a material where the phase velocity of light is infinite. Their results were published in Nature Photonics on Oct. 19th. “The phase speed is infinite—much larger, infinitely larger than the speed of light,” Mazur tells Quartz.
This doesn’t mean light itself is traveling faster than the speed of light, which would violate the laws of relativity. “Phase velocity” refers to the speed of the crest of waves that ripple out when light strikes a material. The Harvard scientists created a material that allows these wave crests to move infinitely fast.
This is a strange thought to wrap your head around, and means the crests of the waves are oscillating through time, but not space. Under these peculiar conditions, the Harvard scientists found that it’s easy to manipulate the photons, squeezing them down to the microscopic scale and turning them around. In other words, we can treat photons in the same way we currently manipulate electrons...
Full article: http://www.keelynet.com/news/102815p.html
Nature Photonics : http://www.nature.com/nphoton/journal/v9/n11/full/nphoton.2015.198.html


Windows that automatically darken and eliminate the need for blinds? Our liquid crystal technology makes it possible. So far, their main uses have been in television displays and smartphones. But in the future, we will produce modules for liquid crystal windows. At the same time, innovations continue to improve and enhance classic displays. New quantum materials can make displays even brighter while consuming less power. That's why we're investing further here as well.
Production unit for liquid crystal window modules
We aim to further expand our market and technology leadership in liquid crystals and are deploying our expertise in application areas beyond displays. That’s why we’re investing in a production unit for switchable glass modules featuring LC technology. These modules are the prerequisite for switchable windows that steer the amount of light entering a building depending on the degree of solar radiation.
Quantum materials for the display industry
In order to supply our display industry customers with innovative quantum materials for displays with even better brightness and lower power consumption, we have entered into a license agreement with Nanoco.
Tel: +49 6151 72 7144
Fax: +49 6151 72 3138


In a highly anticipated event at WWDC 2023, Apple has finally unveiled its latest innovation, the Vision Pro, an advanced augmented reality (AR) headset. This cutting-edge device is set to revolutionize the way users experience both the real and digital worlds.
The front portion of the headset is made of glass, while the frame is constructed from aluminum, ensuring a sleek and durable design. Packed with sensors, hardware cooling systems, and state-of-the-art components, the Vision Pro guarantees an immersive and comfortable experience. The strap features a fabric lining and the device is capable of adapting to various facial shapes and head sizes.
Powering the system is Apple's latest M2 chip, complemented by a new chip called the R1. Working in synergy, these processors deliver exceptional performance and efficiency, providing users with seamless interactions and impressive graphics.
The display lenses of the Vision Pro have been developed in collaboration with Zeiss, featuring special optical inserts that magnetically attach to the lenses, accommodating individuals who wear glasses.
Despite its advanced capabilities, the headset remains lightweight, drawing power from a separate battery pack. Running on the visionOS, the Vision Pro operates on a combination of the R1 processor and M2 chip. Equipped with various sensors, including LiDAR, 12 cameras, and five additional sensors, the headset offers a comprehensive range of functionalities.
The Vision Pro's display boasts an impressive 23 million pixels, promising stunning visuals and delivering video content in 4K resolution, according to company claims.
The device primarily positions itself as an AR headset, seamlessly blending the real and digital worlds. However, it also offers the flexibility to switch between augmented and full virtual reality experiences using a dial.
Interestingly, the Vision Pro does not require a separate controller. Instead, users can navigate and interact with the device entirely through eye tracking, hand gestures, and voice commands, including eye and finger movement tracking.
With a price tag of $3,499, the Apple Vision Pro AR/VR headset represents a significant investment for users seeking the next level of immersive technology. This innovative device is set to redefine the boundaries of augmented and virtual reality experiences, propelling Apple further into the forefront of cutting-edge technology.


The use of crop aerial images to improve agricultural practices is becoming increasingly relevant worldwide. A few years ago, crop images were primarily captured using drones and airplanes; however, these technologies have some limitations with the cost and frequency as you cover more extensive areas. One solution to overcome those limitations is the use of satellite images. In the past, the resolution of satellite images was not comparable to the resolution provided by drones and airplanes. However, image resolution has improved significantly in recent years, and satellite images are now close to 10 and 3 meters per pixel.
Morning Star is now offering high-definition satellite images through Gradient Crop Yield Solutions as part of its agricultural platform, and in 2022 it plans to cover around 23,000 acres across the state. Gradient’s partnership with EOS, a satellite images service provider, made it possible to deliver Morning Star tomato growers with more frequent, high-quality crop images. The algorithms built into the platform include NDVI, NDRE, MSAVI, and several others that provide valuable information related to plant vigor, nitrogen content, maturity, crop consistency, disease/insects’ presence, water stress, etc.
The most common satellite used is Sentinel 2, which provides images up to three times per week. Like any other technology, satellite images also have some limitations, primarily related to weather conditions. For example, the quality and frequency of images can be limited mainly by clouds and smog, which prevents the growers from seeing the state of the crop during specific dates. However, the high frequency of images every two to three days makes it possible to achieve a high-quality image at least once a week when weather conditions are more favorable.
We believe that satellites are the aerial imaging technology of the future for agriculture, especially due to its lower cost and the frequency of images. Precision and resolution will continue to improve rapidly to the point where it is challenging to distinguish satellite from drone or airplane images. Morning Star sees this technology as the future of crop imagery and will continue to provide its Gradient contracted growers with the latest advances so they may improve their decision-making process with the end goal of improving quality and overall profitability.


|کد مقاله||کد نشریه||سال انتشار||مقاله انگلیسی||ترجمه فارسی||نسخه تمام متن|
|733236||1461612||2017||8 صفحه PDF||سفارش دهید||دانلود رایگان|
• FEA provides possibility for predicting the thermal distribution for CJ and LTJ modes.
• FEA temperature values show reasonable agreement with experimental measurements.
• Absence of excessive polymer defects of dissociation and charing in such type of joining.
• IR thermography images give false readings and distorted images in LTJ mode.
This work is concerned with building a three-dimensional (3D) ab-initio models that is capable of predicting the thermal distribution of laser direct joining processes between Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and stainless steel 304(st.st.304). ANSYS® simulation based on finite element analysis (FEA) was implemented for materials joining in two modes; laser transmission joining (LTJ) and conduction joining (CJ). ANSYS® simulator was used to explore the thermal environment of the joints during joining (heating time) and after joining (cooling time). For both modes, the investigation is carried out when the laser spot is at the middle of the joint width, at 15 mm from the commencement point (joint edge) at traveling time of 3.75 s. Process parameters involving peak power (Pp=3 kW), pulse duration (τ=5 ms), pulse repetition rate (PRR=20 Hz) and scanning speed (v=4 mm/s) are applied for both modes.
Journal: Optics & Laser Technology - Volume 87, January 2017, Pages 64–71


What is Blue Light and Does it Harm Our Eyes?
Blue Light Filter
Blue light is the color of the light spectrum that is visible to the human eye. Not all wavelengths of blue light are harmful to the body. Our bodies need some blue light to regulate our circadian rhythm and to elevate our mood and overall well-being. The largest source of blue light is the sun, so wearing sunglasses while outdoors is very important, especially for children.
The effects of high energy visible, HEV, blue light are now being researched more in depth due to how much exposure we receive from digital devices that emit artificial blue light. Consistent exposure to this light without protection can cause cataracts and changes in the macula, possibly leading to macular degeneration. Studies also show that too much exposure to blue light can also cause eyestrain, fatigue, headaches and the disruption of the body’s natural sleep cycle.
At Performance Eyecare, we work hard to utilize the latest in technology to provide our patients the best vision and to prevent vision loss over the years. If you or your children are exposed to significant amounts of blue light, we recommend a blue light filtering feature for your eyeglass lenses. Our blue filter lens material is virtually clear, not tinted yellow! If you opt for a blue light anti-glare you will notice a blue shimmer, which is indicative of the blue light bouncing off the lenses. Blue light material can be combined with the blue light anti-glare for additional blue light protection. We also recommend polarized lenses for sunglasses and Transitions for clear lenses when requested, which block additional high energy blue light.


When the O is lit, the thin and frameless light-emitting surface has a silky texture, and the light board is clear and light after the light is turned off. O-deep LED chips are evenly dispersed through millions of micro-curves on the surface of the sheet-type light board to create a unique, smooth and glare-free comfort light. O Each type of light-emitting unit is detachable, making the package simple and easy to install and maintain. O Excellent heat dissipation and power supply design, effectively extending the life of the lamp and ensuring safe use. O CE certified, in accordance with IEC/EN 62471 matt biohazard, no UV blue light hazard rating.


How to tell if you have a fiber optic connector.
The first step is to identify whether or not your connector is actually a fiber optic connector. Fiber optic connectors come in a variety of shapes and sizes, b...
If you own or work with fiber optic equipment, then you likely know the importance of keeping your connectors in top condition. Fiber optic connectors are a crucial part of the network and can easily become damaged if not cared for correctly. Here we will discuss how to tell if you have a fiber optic connector and what steps to take if it is in poor condition.
The first step is to identify whether or not your connector is actually a fiber optic connector. Fiber optic connectors come in a variety of shapes and sizes, but all share one common characteristic- they are made of glass. If your connector is made of plastic, metal, or another material, then it is not a fiber optic connector and should be treated as such.
The next step is to inspect the connector for signs of damage. If the connector has been bent, crushed, or otherwise damaged, then it should be replaced. On the other hand, if the connector appears to be in good condition, then it can be cleaned and/or restored. Cleaning may require removal of dirt and dust, while restoration may require replacement of parts that have been damaged.
If your connector is still in need of repair, then it should be
If you're like most people, you probably just assume that fiber optic connectors are incredibly durable and practically bulletproof. But in reality, fiber optic connectors can be susceptible to damage if not properly cared for. Here's how to tell if you have a fiber optic connector that needs to be polished or cleaned:
-If the connector has been heavily used and there are visible scratches or dents on it, it likely needs to be polished.
-If the connector is dirty or has built up debris, it may need to be cleaned.
If you have a fiber optic connector, it will probably look like a small, black box with a lens on one end and a connector on the other. Fiber optic connectors are used in a variety of industries, including telecommunications, aerospace, and automotive. If your fiber optic connector is damaged or not working properly, you can fix it by following these steps:
1. Remove the connector from the fiber optic cable.
2. Clean the connector and the fiber optic cable with alcohol or a cleaning solution.
3. Dry the connector and the fiber optic cable with a cloth.
4. Apply a light coat of silicone sealant to the inside of the connector cap.
5. Reattach the connector to the fiber optic cable.
If you are having trouble with your fiber optic connector, it is important to first determine if the connector is faulty. The easiest way to do this is to shine a light through the connector and see if you can see the light reflecting back. If there is an issue with the connector, it may need to be replaced.
If you're looking for a quick and easy way to determine if your fiber optic connector is in good shape, try the following test: gently rub the connector's metal contacts with your finger. If there's no resistance, the connector is probably good. If there is some resistance, it may be time for a cleaning.


Disney has created ultra-expressive eyes printed in 3D
However realistic they may be, toys always have a disadvantage compared to their animated version: they are less expressive because by nature they are frozen. To remedy this problem, Disney Research and Carnegie Mellon decided to tackle the most expressive part of the characters, their eyes. They worked closely together on a new technology called Papillon that uses 3D printed optical fibers to create eyes capable of a multitude of expressions. These new kind of eyes use the optical printing technology developed by Disney. Constructed from a bundle of 3D printed optical fibers that bend and direct light to the surface of the character's eye, much like a video projection. A technology of the future that seems to be adaptable to many other sectors and which, once again, is based on 3D printing.
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Stopped Flow Fluorescence
Stopped-Flow fluorescence or absorbance measurements provide a method to monitor kinetics of molecular interactions. These methods yield rate constants for conformational changes or unfolding of macromolecular complexes, ligand binding, ligand dissociation, or catalysis on the millisecond timescale.
The Applied Photophysics SX20 is equipped with a 150W Xenon arc lamp suitable for Visible and near-UV measurements. Three detectors are installed: a fluorescence Photo Multiplier Tube (PMT), an absorbance PMT, and a Photo Diode Array (PDA) detector. The diode array feature of this instrument allows the acquisition of the entire absorbance spectrum every 2msec.
Visit the vendor at http://www.photophysics.com/sx20.php
Equipment details are also available.
Please acknowledge all work done on core facility instruments by citing the Analytical Biopharmacy Core, its contributing scientists, the Center for Intracellular Delivery of Biologics and the Washington State Life Sciences Discovery Fund. Core personnel directly involved in performing and designing experiments should be considered for authorship.


Angles of vision can be explored beyond the normal reach of the human eye or the camera lens.
Digital imaging may have tied us to the computer keyboard, but it allows us to recuperate for photography the freedom and control that painters and draughtsmen have always had when reconstructing space on a flat surface. Angles of vision can be explored beyond the normal reach of the human eye or the camera lens. For the last few years I have concentrated in particular on the application of orthographic projection to photographic images, both moving and still. I have found that removing the conventional perspective has the effect of defamiliarising and enriching what we see: objects seem to pass directly into memory not as images but as realities.


Get 16x High Quality magnification with this High Definition Monocular Telescope. This set of high end monocular telescope lets you experience watching magnificent sceneries and wildlife in action from afar.
16x52 High-Def Magnification allows you to zoom in 16x for clear, bright and vivid visuals through its 52mm objective wide lens.
- Built with Premium BAK 4 Prism for higher refractive index that lets you watch from afar with crisp and sharp images.
Fully Multi-coated Lens Coating for superior light transmission - makes it anti-reflective and protects your vision from bright sunlight glares
- Using a smartphone adapter and holder enables you to connect the monocular to your phone so you can view directly on your screen, too.
- Engineered as an extra durable and all-weather gear, it is waterproof, dust-proof and shockproof and has an ergonomic anti-slip design that makes it an ideal outdoor adventure gear.
Ideal for the hardcore outdoor and wildlife enthusiast - it's perfect for birdwatching, hunting, hiking, mountaineering, surveillance and traveling. Enjoy observing wildlife and watching breathtaking sceneries wherever and however far you are!
Magnification: 16 x 52 High Definition
Lens Diameter: 52mm
Body Material: Rubber, Metal, Glass
Lens Prism Material: BAK-4
Field of View Scope: 98M/8000M
Field of View Angle: 5.5°
Product Size: Approx. 155x52mm / 6.10x 2.05 inches
- 1 x Monocular
- 1 x strap
- 1 x lens wiping cloth
- 1 x cloth bag
- 1 User Manual


(strŏb'Әskōp), optical instrument for making a moving object appear to be slowed down or stationary. This effect is created by interrupting the observer's view so that the object is seen only at regularly spaced intervals rather than continuously. In its simplest form the stroboscope is a rotating disk; along its edge are evenly spaced holes through which the moving object is observed. If the object's motion is cyclic, the speed of the disk can be synchronized with it so that the object always appears in the same position when viewed through one of the holes. During the time that a solid area is blocking the line of sight, the persistence of vision enables the eye to retain the image previously seen, while the object moves to the same or a similar position by the time the next hole is in front of the eye. The effect is thus one of a stationary object.
If the stroboscope is not quite synchronized with the object's motion, the object will appear to move slowly either backward or forward, depending upon whether the stroboscope's rotation is too fast or too slow. For more accurate observation a flashing light (stroboscopic light) is used instead of a disk. When used in conjunction with a camera a stroboscopic light can also be used to study motion that is not cyclic, e.g., a speeding bullet; the resulting photograph shows a series of still images whose separations are proportional to the object's speed.
The stroboscope was invented and improved upon by H. E. Edgerton starting in 1931. It has various uses in scientific research, teaching, and industry, where it is used to study stresses on parts of machines while in motion.


The simple and easy-to-use Bottle Inspection Station uses precision optics and high-resolution cameras to take all measurements automatically; eliminating operator error and making the readings highly accurate and repeatable.
Simply place the bottle-can or plastic preform in the designated area within the robust unit and begin measurement with a push of a button. The container is rotated automatically, and all measurements are taken in a matter of seconds.
Characteristics Measured include: Can Height; Skirt Height; Inner and Outer Curl Diameter; Thread Height; Outer Thread Diameter; and Outer Skirt Diameter.
Measurement results are automatically transferred to a plant-wide data collection system, like our Visionary QC software, or the Bottle Can Inspection Station may be used as a stand-alone measurement tool.