- Powerful 50x optical zoom with optical image stabilizer for outstanding optical performance
- 20.3 Megapixel CMOS sensor with DIGIC 6 Image Processor helps deliver stunning image quality even in low light
- Built-in Wi-Fi and NFC allows for easy sharing and transferring of images and videos. Canon High Power Flash HF-DC2
- Capture spectacular 1080p Full HD video at 60p with stereo sound
- Zoom framing assist now features a lock button option for quick and accurate subject recognition
- Large 3.0-inch LCD (approx. 461,000 dots) allows easy viewing even from a wide angle
- Hybrid auto lets you record up to four seconds of video before each image you capture, then automatically combines each clip and still into a quick video recap of the day
- Story highlights enables the camera to automatically compile images and videos from a certain day or event into a mini highlight reel with music and effects
Package Dimensions: 132x179x830
Release Date: 21-03-2016
Details: Product Description
Canon PowerShot SX540 Digital Camera w/ 50x Optical Zoom –
Wi-Fi & NFC Enabled (Black).
From the Manufacturer
Powerful Zoom. Epic Close-ups.
Unleash the power of high zoom, high performance and Canon’s advanced technology. The PowerShot SX540 HS is a versatile and easy-to-use camera for virtually anyone who wants to capture their favorite subjects, from family get-togethers to amazing safaris, to school plays and the beautiful moments of life in between. Whether you’re capturing something up close or in the distance, you’ll be able to get the shot you want with its incredible 50x (24–1200mm) zoom power. Both still images and high-quality 1080p Full HD video are bound to impress even in low-light situations thanks to a new 20.3 Megapixel* High-Sensitivity CMOS sensor and the powerful DIGIC 6 Image Processor, which together create the Canon HS System. What’s more, Canon’s sophisticated wireless connectivity means you can share your favorite images and videos with whomever you like, as well as easily transfer them to other compatible devices. Improved Zoom Framing Assist makes capturing those faraway moments even easier with the new “Lock” feature, which helps ensure your subject is sharp and in the center of the frame. Working together with Face ID, the PowerShot SX540 HS’s Auto Zoom has also been improved for better framing of your family and friends. Near or far, the amazing zoom and high power of the PowerShot SX540 HS is on hand to help capture the pictures you want.
* Image processing may cause a decrease in the number of pixels.
Powerful 50x Optical Zoom with Optical Image Stabilizer for outstanding optical performance
50x Optical Zoom (24–1200mm)
Once you experience the reach and versatility of this camera’s astonishing 50x Optical Zoom, you’ll wonder how you ever did without it. From sporting events to travel highlights, wildlife to landscapes, the powerful zoom lets you capture the details that make your photography stand out. Not only will you have the ability to move in to the shot you want, but you’ll also be able to capture those shots with incredible Canon quality. The camera’s secure ergonomic grip makes steady handheld shooting easy and comfortable, while Intelligent IS analyzes the shooting situation and applies advanced stabilization technology to help keep images clear and virtually shake-free in a wide variety of conditions.
Intelligent IS analyzes camera movement and applies a suitable shake correction method for the shooting situation. For stills, the system selects from Normal IS, Panning IS, Macro (Hybrid) IS and Tripod modes. When shooting video, the system selects from Dynamic IS, Powered IS, Macro (Hybrid) IS and Active Tripod IS modes. With Intelligent IS, you can concentrate on image capture, letting the camera make effective IS settings to help capture a steady image.
Still Image Shooting
Corrects for a wide range of camera movement when shooting stills.
Panning motion is detected so that IS does not interfere with desired camera movement.
Macro (Hybrid) IS
Corrects for shift-type camera shake, which typically occurs in macro (close-up) shooting.
When tripod use is detected, the Image Stabilizer is stopped because it is not needed.
Effective for video shooting at wide-angle focal lengths, eliminating the unwanted shaking that typically occurs while walking.
Compensates for hand movement when shooting video at the telephoto end of the zoom range, where camera shake is magnified.
Macro (Hybrid) IS
Corrects for motion blur that is likely to occur when shooting video while walking. Also compensates for the shift-type camera shake common in macro shooting.
Active Tripod IS
When shooting video while using a tripod, the Image Stabilizer is active to compensate for slight camera shake.
20.3 Megapixel* CMOS sensor with DIGIC 6 Image Processor helps deliver stunning im


There are a number of different types of contact lenses available. You can read on to learn more about the pros, cons and benefits of different types. It is important to understand how to insert contact lenses. Contact lenses are usually inserted using your middle or index finger. Place rigid lenses on the cornea while soft lenses on the sclera. Depending upon the type of lens, you can either slide it into place or keep your eye open. Should you have any inquiries regarding in which in addition to tips on how to utilize Colored contact lenses one day, it is possible to contact us on our site.
Soft contact lenses can have disadvantages
One of the major advantages of soft contacts is that they don’t put your eye at risk and have a longer wear time. They can be more difficult to use and require more maintenance. Other disadvantages include a shorter shelf life and higher cost. Additionally, the lenses are more likely to become contaminated and are difficult to clean. There are also concerns about eye dryness and allergies when wearing soft contact lenses. Soft contact lenses are less sharp and can be more precise than hard ones.
Rigid gas permeable lenses
Rigid gas-permeable contact lenses (RGP), are a type hard lens. They are made of oxygen-permeable polymers. RGP lenses can be extremely difficult to wear. However, they are possible to be used stay with me prescription eyeglasses. If you’ve ever tried a hard lens, then you might be curious as to why they are so amazing. There are many advantages to this type lens.
Soft silicone hydrogel lenses
Clinical effectiveness of soft silicone contact lenses has been demonstrated in Asian studies. One study at the Centre for Contact Lens Research (Waterloo, Ontario) found that silicone hydrogel contacts resulted in a decrease in refractive error and no increase in corneal blood flow. A similar study with low-Dk conventional Hydrogel lenses showed that the lens wearers experienced an increase in myopia.
A scleral or ophthalmic lens covers the entire eye. It can be worn throughout the day and taken out at night. In order to decrease the risk of corneal scarring, scleral lenses are usually replaced each year. Scleral lenses can be worn all day. However, in certain cases patients may need to have them removed periodically to ensure maximum comfort and correct vision.
Rigid PMMA lens
PMMA is a material that makes rigid PMMA contact lenses. These contact lenses are very stiff because of their material. They were uncomfortable to wear, and it took many weeks for new users to adjust to them. The lenses’ rigidity was difficult for some to adapt to. The new material has many benefits, making them an excellent choice for vision correction. Rigid PMMA contact lenses are one of these advances.
Contact lenses have a history that dates back to 19th century. Leonardo Da Vinci is said to have developed the idea for a contact lens in 1508. However, the first contact lens made of glass wasn’t developed until the 1920s by a German doctor at the University of Kiel. It was not a good choice for daily wearers, because they couldn’t close their eyes, and humans tend to blink.
Toric lenses are the best option for people with astigmatism. They are easy to clean and do not cause fogging. Toric lenses can be worn to watch sports or if you prefer to wear them without glasses. Contact lenses can be used to correct astigmatism and help you live without glasses. You should consult your eye doctor before you purchase the right toric lenses. When you’ve got any questions relating to where and how you can use Disposable colored contacts, you could contact us at the webpage.


Zephyr Paris was officially started in October 2001. Our first and main project is to develop and promote a series of optical glass products that withhold 3D laser engravings of images. The images can be part of theme series we propose and/or can be customized by us for the clients needs and according to their wishes.
Zephyr offers several hundreds of designs and owns one of the largest databases for 3D engraving cubes. We have developed special design fitting different markets of the world. Zephyrs offers a unique range of 3 dimension optical engraving on glass and crystal. Our large thematic collection, praised throughout the world for their originality transparency and elegance, will enhance any interior.
Zephyr Paris has developed a new technology of engraving called Laser Micropoint technology .. The quality of engraving is at least three times higher than the ones you can find in the market. The Micropoint technology has pushed the company into an unrivalled position in term of laser crystal art creation in the world.


On the contrary, fluorophores are vulnerable to photobleaching at relatively low fluence To demonstrate this, we performed repeated serial imaging of reflectance and fluorescence on a fluorescent microsphere. By contrast, fluorescence decreased exponentially with a fluence half-life of 3.
We further questioned whether reflectophores are practically applicable in scattering biological media. We compared reflectance with fluorescence in a scattering polymer matrix encapsulating fluorescent reflectophores Fig. The SNR was obtained from the average intensity divided by the standard deviation of background noise. In agreement with our previous characterization Fig.
Notably, reflectophores showed higher SNRs, conceivably because of the concentrated signal at the centroid Fig. To further evaluate the applicability in biological tissues, we mounted reflectophores beneath a cortical brain slice of a Thy1-YFP mouse and performed a SpeRe measurement Fig. The results collectively indicated that reflectophores can be adapted in turbid biological media. Reflectophore in turbid media. Dashed lines indicate the best-fit to the exponential decay R 2 : 0. The fibrous structures in the reflectance image are myelinated axons because of their unique multilayered cytoarchitecture.
To compensate the depth-dependent signal attenuation, intensity was normalized for each slice.
Due to their micron-scale size, conventional intracellular delivery methods, such as passive diffusion or electrophoresis, cannot be used with reflectophores. Alternatively, it has been reported that both phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells can actively uptake microparticles via endocytosis 33 , 34 , We validated that serial phase-contrast images provide a robust quantification of intracellular uptake by showing that the cell-impermeant fluorescent streptavidin does not stain intracellular biotinylated reflectophores Supplementary Fig.
To our surprise, we observed that the surface coating significantly affected uptake efficiency: amine-functionalized reflectophores showed an over two-fold higher uptake compared to bare and biotinylated reflectophores Fig. Intracellular reflectophores. Arrowheads indicate the reflectophore under endocytosis.
The error bar represents standard error of the mean. Hela cells loaded with reflectophores were subsequently cultured over several days to form a tumor spheroid. The solid sinusoidal curves are the best-fit simulation spectra R 2 : 0. The dotted lines indicate the means. Grayscale image indicates MitoTracker fluorescence and pseudo-colored traces represent time-series tracking of individual reflectophores over time.
As expected, cell division introduced the segregation of intracellular reflectophores into two daughter cells. Although rare, we also observed that reflectophores escaped the cell i. We did not observe any signs of cellular damage such as membrane permeabilization, blebbing, or apoptosis by intracellular reflectophore in three cell lines Supplementary Fig. Collectively, these results illustrate that reflectophores can be rationally designed to be internalized into cells, and intracellular reflectophores do not significantly interfere with cellular physiology.
Picometre level displacement interferometry
Next, we questioned whether differently sized reflectophores could serve as multiplexed labeling for tracing individual cells, as also proposed in intracellular microlasers To address this, we prepared multicellular spheroids using reflectophore-loaded cells Fig. Last, we tested the potential of optical barcoding for tracking migrating cells Fig.
We observed no significant change in migration activity by intracellular reflectophores Supplementary Fig. We next tracked individual migrating cells in the process of forming capillary-like structures with reflectophore barcoding. We reasoned that the nanoscale precision realized may enable the sensing of macromolecules adhered to the reflectophores via specific biological interactions.
Molecular adsorption forms an additional dielectric thin-film layer with a thickness corresponding to the size of the macromolecule, which can be detected by SpeRe Fig. In our numerical simulation, we estimated that the binding of streptavidin leads to a spectral redshift i. We used fluorescent streptavidin to independently confirm its binding to the reflectophore Fig. After binding, we observed a robust redshift of 0.
- Interferometry on Prismatic Bodies.
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Microenvironmental sensing. Note that fluorescence was localized specifically at the surface of the reflectophore. The arrows indicate the spectral peaks. Data are represented as mean open circle and the standard deviation shaded region was acquired from 30 repeated SpeRe measurements. The information encoded by reflectophores is the optical distance, thus, the change in refractive index, as well as size, can be detected at high precision. To demonstrate this alternative sensing principle, we prepared a liquid-crystal reflectophore via self-assembly of a nematic liquid crystal into a droplet in a polymer matrix Fig.
The sample was then sandwiched between conductive indium-tin-oxide glasses and connected to a function generator to control the external electric field during optical sensing. When there was no external electric field, liquid-crystal reflectophores exhibited radially ordered structures, which was apparent in bright-field and polarization microscopy Fig. In SpeRe measurements, we observed that the measured spectra shifted toward longer wavelengths at higher electric fields corresponding to the higher refractive index, consistent with the theoretical prediction Fig.
We reported on the reflectophore, a novel interferometric optical probe that encodes information by optical distance i. Furthermore, the variable refractive index of a liquid-crystal reflectophore enabled the sensing of local electric fields. Our theoretical and experimental studies demonstrated that reflectophores have several compelling advantages. First, reflectophores have orders-of-magnitude higher brightness compared to typical fluorophores because of the high reflective cross-sections of their spherical geometry. The bright signal localized at the centroid provides high SNR for reliable spectral detection even in scattering media Fig.
The spherical shape also ensures orientation-independent readouts for applications in three-dimensional tissues, which is in stark contrast to previously reported barcodes requiring a certain readout angle Second, reflectophores exhibit negligible photobleaching. This enables a practically unlimited number of readouts as well as long-term information storage.
Changes in medium composition, which are often unavoidable in applications in living systems, only affect the magnitude of reflectivity but not its spectral shape, thereby providing robust readouts Supplementary Fig. Last, as shown in our studies using a fluorescent microsphere, reflectophores can be synergistically integrated with existing fluorophores to take advantage of both modalities.
The signals are easily separable in the spectral domain because of the Stokes shift in fluorophores and also in the spatial domain because of the center localization in reflectophores. This feature provides an additional degree-of-freedom in design, for example, to increase the multiplexing capacity for barcoding or to incorporate multiple sensors.
Reflectophores do, however, have shortcomings. Thus, reflectophores are not suitable for labeling individual proteins or subcellular organelles. In addition, the large size may interfere with cellular physiology when it is introduced into cells. Although we observed that intracellular reflectophores do not significantly interfere with viability, migration, and proliferation in multiple cell lines, interference to the biological process of interest should be verified for each experimental context.
Applications in extracellular space in tissues or cell-free systems are relatively free from this issue. Next, for high-degree multiplexing, fabrication of various microspheres at nanoscale precision are required and is technically challenging. Ranges of nanotechnologies are available but may have low throughput and are costly 46 , As a potential solution, bulk polydisperse microspheres may be sorted based on our SpeRe-based readout, like the widely adapted fluorescent-assisted cell sorter.
Last, our current readout system is rather slow as it involves volumetric scanning for locating the geometric center of a reflectophore. Since off-centered acquisitions are ignored, an advanced scanning algorithm to efficiently find the centers will dramatically accelerate acquisition speed. Alternatively, reflectophores could be physically aligned through optical or magnetic tweezers. Although our studies only exemplified reflectophores made with certain materials e.
Recently, a plethora of hydrogels equipped with various functionalities were developed for bio-integration Notably, stimuli-responsive hydrogels can change their physical size in response to specific chemical or physical milieu such as pH, temperature, and electric field.
Reflectophores made with these stimuli-responsive materials could function as bio-integrable sensors. It may also be possible to fabricate multilayered reflectophores to incorporate multi-functional sensing capabilities. Moreover, chemical engineering on the surface offers an additional route for functionalization such as affinity-based molecular sensing, improved biocompatibility, and targeting of a specific cell type We envision that the adoption of advanced knowledge in material science and chemistry will vastly expand the utilities of reflectophores.
The refractive index spectra for water and silica was provided by the toolbox and that of polystyrene was adopted from a previous study SpeRe measurements were performed on a customized galvanometer-based laser scanning microscope H, Cambridge Technology; Supplementary Fig. For the input source, a supercontinuum white light laser EXB-6, NKT photonics was attenuated using a neutral density filter 3.
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- Cats Cradle.
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- Geometric Phase Atom Optics and Interferometry.
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The reflected light was spatially filtered by a confocal pinhole 0. Prairie software Bruker was used for controlling the scanner and triggering the spectrometer. The spectrum corresponding to the geometric center of the microsphere was acquired at the pixel with the maximum intensity Supplementary Fig. If the geometric center was not within the scanning volume, the dataset was excluded from the analysis.
The spectrum was subsequently normalized by the reference spectrum obtained with a protected silver mirror PF05—P01, Thorlabs at the sample stage. Fluorescent microspheres , Thermo Fisher Scientific immersed in 0. To gauge fluorescence levels, we compared the fluorescence obtained with the microsphere with that of a known dye, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran , Sigma , at the same optical gain and excitation intensity.
A standard calibration kit —01C, Ted Pella was used for scale calibration. To compare the intensity and SNR attenuation of SpeRe and fluorescent, a depth-dependent image was acquired. The SNR was obtained by the mean intensity divided by the standard deviation of the background signal. All animal experiments were performed in compliance with institutional guidelines and approved by the subcommittee for research animal care at Sungkyunkwan University. For the biotin-coated microspheres, we afterwards confirmed their intracellular localization by taking fluorescence images after adding 0.
For the migration assay, 3. Negative staining of fluorescent streptavidin 0. The microspheres were placed within the wells of the micromesh. We typically chose the microspheres adhered near the edge of the micromesh because of their positional stability even during solvent exchange.
After the baseline spectral acquisition at a spectral resolution of 0. We used GraphPad Prism for statistical analyses. Unpaired t -tests two-sided were used for group comparisons by assuming normality, based on previous literature. Neither randomization nor blinding was applied. For regression analysis, we present the correlation coefficient R 2 along with the sample size. All relevant data are available from the corresponding author upon request.
A reporting summary for this Article is available as a Supplementary Information file. The source data underlying Figs. Chalfie, M. Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression. Science , — Specht, E. A critical and comparative review of fluorescent tools for live-cell imaging. Tsien, R. The green fluorescent protein. Lichtman, J. Fluorescence microscopy. Methods 2 , — Garland, M.
A bright future for precision medicine: advances in fluorescent chemical probe design and their clinical application. Cell Chem. Germond, A. Design and development of genetically encoded fluorescent sensors to monitor intracellular chemical and physical parameters. Vendrell, M. Combinatorial strategies in fluorescent probe development. Resch-Genger, U. Quantum dots versus organic dyes as fluorescent labels. Methods 5 , — Jaiswal, J. Long-term multiple color imaging of live cells using quantum dot bioconjugates. Zimmermann, T.
Spectral imaging and linear unmixing in light microscopy. Lu, Y. Tunable lifetime multiplexing using luminescent nanocrystals. Photonics 8 , 32—36 Submicrometer metallic barcodes. Lee, H. Colour-barcoded magnetic microparticles for multiplexed bioassays. Lee, J. Universal process-inert encoding architecture for polymer microparticles. Braeckmans, K. Encoding microcarriers by spatial selective photobleaching. Pregibon, D.
Multifunctional encoded particles for high-throughput biomolecule analysis. Han, M. Quantum-dot-tagged microbeads for multiplexed optical coding of biomolecules. Lin, C. Submicrometre geometrically encoded fluorescent barcodes self-assembled from DNA. McGloin, D. Biophotonics: cellular lasers. Photonics 9 , — Humar, M. Intracellular microlasers. Heylman, K. Optical microresonators for sensing and transduction: a materials perspective.
Schubert, M. Lasing within live cells containing intracellular optical microresonators for barcode-type cell tagging and tracking.
Nano Lett. Lasing in live mitotic and non- phagocytic cells by efficient delivery of microresonators. Silicon chips detect intracellular pressure changes in living cells. Shambat, G. There the two beams overlap and constructive and destructive interference occurs depending on the relative phase shift between the two plane waves.
Figure 1: Schematic of the Michelson interferometer. Each beam experiences a phase shift of when they are reflected at the mirror surfaces M1 and M2 and an additional phase shift due to the propagation through the glass of the beam splitter and the partial reflection at the semi-transparent surface. The total phase shift between the two beams therefore is given by:. Here is the wave number and the wave length of the light.
You will observe constructive interference when the with. The number of changes is given by:.
Fabry and Perot's interferometer | Opinion | Chemistry World
Therefore this instruments allows you to observe distance changes of the order of the wavelength of light. If light travels in a medium its speed is smaller than in vacuum. The ratio between the speed of light in vacuum and the speed of light in a medium is give by the index of refraction.
As a consequence if light travels a distance in a medium it experiences a phase shift where and , the wavelength of light in a medium is shorter that in vacuum. This property is later used to determine the index of refraction of air. The main parts are shown in Fig. If you have to tighten set screws use only two fingers and do not apply a lot of force or you might crack a lens or a mirror. The various optical parts are labeled. If you are unsure ask your instructor or learning assistant for help. Figure 3: Setup of the lens and mirror supports. The index of refraction of air is very close to one.
It is a good approximation to assume that the deviation from one is proportional to the density of air:. Assuming that the temperature is constant and using and one obtains:.


March Rifle Scopes can be ordered with extra three inch or 75mm (3 inch) long sunshades. These all-metal shades reduce stray light as well as decreasing barrel flare and ghosting off the target.
DB485-0for 24mm objective models
2-DB179-0for 42mm objective models
2-DB115-0/-Sfor 52mm objective models
(“-S” is for Silver models)
2-DB256-0/-Sfor 56mm objective models
(“-S” is for Silver models)
Anti reflective device (ARD)
DB391-A24mm objective models
DB391-B42mm objective models
DB391-C52mm objective models
DB391-D56mm objective models
MD Disk help to reduce the amount of light coming into a scope by up to 50%, depending on the conditions. This light reduction increases the scopes depth of field and, prehaps more impotantly for competition shooters, reduces the amount of seen mirage. Using a MD Disk at 60 or 80 power gives you a competitive advantage when the conditions turn bad and lets you see the target better than your competitor.
Weight : 0.25 oz (7.1 g)
DB269-0For 56mm objective models
With MD disk attached,the inner diameter will be 43mm
DB062-0For 52mm objective models
With MD disk attached,the inner diameter will be 35mm
DB740-0For 42mm objective models
With MD disk attached,the inner diameter will be 30 mm
The March Flip Caps can be locked in a fully open position. Having the caps lay flat against the scope body prevents breakage and gives the shooter a better view of the target area from over the scope.
FC-46for Wide Angle Eyepiece
FC-33for 24mm objective models
FC-51for 42mm objective models
FC-60for 52mm objective models
FC-64for 56mm objective models
March offers optional Leather Caps that not only protect your valuable new scope but also provides a traditional look to a modern piece of optical art.
LC-24for 24mm objective models :
D10V24, D10V24M,D10V24T, D10V24TM, D10V24TI,D8V24FML,D8V24FIML
- for 42mm objective models :
D25V42, D25V42M, D25V42T, D25V42TM, D25V42TI, D24V42FML, D24V42FIML,D24V42FMA,D24V42FIML
- for 52mm objective models :
D40F52, D50F52, D60F52, D32V52L, D32V52LM, D32V52T, D32V52TM, D32V52TI, D60V52L, D60V52LM, D60V52T,D60V52TM, D60V52TI
This does not fit the eyepiece of D28HV52WFIML, D28HV52WFML
- for 56mm objective models :
D50V56T, D50V56TM, D50V56TI, D60HV56TI, D60HV56T, D60HV56TM, D60HV56L, D60HV56LM, D80V56T, D80V56TM, D80V56TI, D40V56FML(G2), D40V56FIML(G2), D40V56FML10(G2), D40V56FIML10(G2),D40V56FMA4, D40V56FMA8(G2), D40V56FIMA4, D40V56FIMA8(G2), D60V56GFIML, D60V56GFIML10, D60V56GFIMA, D60V56GFML, D60V56GFML10, D60V56GFMA
This does not fit the eyepiece of D42HV56WFIML
Ultra Low Illumination Switch Module
Ultra low illumination is a very dark 4 level illumination module invisible to your naked eye. If you attach a night vision on the ocular side, even the darkest settings in the 6 level illumination are too bright. Therefore, we developed an ultra low illumination module to accommodate to the night vision on the ocular side.
Dark settings, level “1” or “2” in the 6 level illumination module will be adequate for usage of night vision attached on the objective bell as you will be seeing the image of the night vision through the scope. For a night vision attached on the objective bell, you do not need to use an ultra low illumination module.
*All our illumination modules are interchangeable.
Six level Illumination Switch
The Six Level Illumination Switch produces six levels of light intensity on the reticle. This feature is useful for precision shooting in low light or night conditions. Rotating the knurled dial doubles the intensity with each increasing level. The rubber switch turns illumination on or off while maintaining the user-selected intensity level. After one hour, illumination will automatically shut off to save battery life.
Middle Focus Wheel
To help with fine or rapid focus changes at different distances, March scopes can be upgraded using a 49mm diameter Middle Focus Wheel. It will assist making quick and fine adjustments easier with the focus knob.
- for Fixed power 48×52, 40-60×52 EP Zoom,
non-illuminated models of 10x-60×52 (D60V52L & D60V52LM & D60V52T & D60V52TM)
(inner diameter 31mm)
- for non-illuminated models of
1x-4.5x, 1x-10x, 2.5x-25x, 5x-50x, 8x-80x, 1x-8x, 3x-24x, 5x-40x, 10x-60×56, 4.5-28×52, 6-60×56
(inner diameter 34mm)
- for illuminated models of
1x-4.5x, 1x-10x, 2.5x-25x, 5x-50x, 8x-80x, 1x-8x, 3x-24x, 5x-40x, 10-60×52, 10x-60×56, 4.5-28×52, 4-40×52, 6-60×56
(inner diameter 36mm)
- for 5-42×56 illuminated models (inner diameter 39mm)
Shooting at very close ranges often requires very fine adjustment of the focus dial. March has produced a Large Wheel to fit over the Middle Focus wheel to enhance the dial’s ability to focus clearly. A great addition to Air Rifle Field Target and other shooting disciplines requiring accuracy. Large wheel can’t be used alone as it is put on a middle wheel. There are 2 sizes available.
Please click HERE to see how to install a large wheel.
2-DB343-0 (3.5inch / 8.89cm)
2-DB402-0 (4.5inch / 11.4cm)
March offers two blank dials for shooters to create their own Ballistic Drop Compensator (BDC). These blank BDCs replace the existing elevation knob on your March scope and let you create your own elevation adjustments to suit your load. Make any changes to your load and replace the tape on the dial quickly and easily. The blank dials can also be used for air rifle field events in conjunction with the Large Wheel for added accuracy at short ranges.
Please click HERE to see how to install a large dial.
DB392-0 (the shorter dial)for 1x-4.5x, 1x-10x, 1.5-15x, 2.5x-25x, 1x-8x, 3x-24x, 5x-40x with tactical turrets
DB393-0 (the taller dial)for 10x-60x, 5x-50x, 8x-80x with tactical turrets
This Windage Dial reverses the standard dial on the scope so that now with this turret left wind is on the left and right wind is on the right, allowing shooters to instinctively cope with quick wind changes. There are engraving on both sides. Right:1-9, Left:1-9
DB209-HFor Tactical type of 10x-60x, 5x-50x, and 8x-80x
DB046-BFor Normal type of D40F52, D50F52, D60F52, D36V52E, D32V52L, D32V52LM, D48F52, D60V52L, D60V52LM, D60HV56L, D60HV56LM
The Fast Lever helps move the zoom ring quickly and easily without the need to shift or head positions. Ideal for rapid fire disciplines on targets at multiple ranges. March fast lever is made of plastic which the engineers at March actually put a lot of thought into. As this is not made of metal, March fast lever will not damage your scope. Also it comes off easily when it is caught in branches but when used normally, it is firmly mounted and will not come off.
Use the Smart Phone Adapter to take photos through your March Rifle Scope. The adapter can be adjusted to suit most current Smart Phones. This can be used for all March scopes. However you would need additional parts for 48×52, 40-60×52, 4-40×52, 6-60×56, 4.5-28×52 and 5-42×56.
For 4.5-28×52 & 5-42×56 WideAngle you need additional 2 parts
and for 48×52, 40-60×52,4-40×52 & 6-60×56 Genesis you need additional 1 part.
Do not use while shooting for your safety.
Please click HERE to see the installation instructions.
DA367-0Smart Phone Adapter
for 48×52, 40-60×52,4-40×52 & 6-60×56 Genesis, 4.5-28×52 & 5-42×56 WideAngle
DB684-0Adapter ring for 4.5-28×52 & 5-42×56 WideAngle
DO NOT SHOOT with the Smart Phone Adapter installed on your March Rifle Scope.
No warranty for any damage to your Smart Phone if the Smart Phone Adapter is used while shooting.
Precision Scope Rings manufactured by March Scopes UK are optimized for sport shooting and hunting. They are compatible with any 1913 specification rail and it features a Scope Link interface situated on the cap that allow the mounting of multiple optical accessories.
• Lightweight and durable scope rings
• Scope Link interface for attaching optical accessories
• Manufactured from 7075 aluminium
• Finished with Type 3 Hard Coat anodizing
Please click HERE to see the dimension and weight of the rings.
Please click HERE to see the installation instructions for scope rings.
Please click HERE to see the installation instructions for dovetail scope rings.
*Dovetail rings are universal. They fit both 3/8″ and the 11mm rails.
PC30H26Picatinny – 30mm diameter ring / height:26mm (low)
PC30H30Picatinny – 30mm diameter ring / height:30mm (med)
PC30H34Picatinny – 30mm diameter ring / height:34mm (high)
PC30H37Picatinny – 30mm diameter ring / height:37mm (extra high)
PC34H30Picatinny – 34mm diameter ring / height:30mm (med)
PC34H34Picatinny – 34mm diameter ring / height:34mm (high)
PC34H37Picatinny – 34mm diameter ring / height:37mm (extra high)
DT30H30Dovetail – 30mm diameter ring / height:30mm (med)
DT30H34Dovetail – 30mm diameter ring / height:34mm (high)
DT34H30Dovetail – 34mm diameter ring / height:30mm (med)
DT34H34Dovetail – 34mm diameter ring / height:34mm (high)
AC-PC3030mm accessory top (single top only)
AC-PC3434mm accessory top (single top only)
AC-PRAccessory picatinny rail
MS0001SHORTY Scope Mount
1-8×24, 1-10×24 “Shorty” custom designed scope mount with double diameter rings.
For D8SV24FIML, D10SV24FIML, D10SV24FIMLN
Spotting Scope Accessories
The Eyepiece extension ring included in the kit extends the eyepiece so you can use it with your eye attached to the eyepiece. As it is covered with rubber, you can look into it like a binocular or a spotting scope. The difference with a spotting scope is that you can use the same rifle scope (same model, same reticle) as the shooter.
Scope is attachable with a mount ring corresponding to picatinny rail. Includes tripod screws attachable to tripod on the market. By zooming, you can achieve a wide view (at lower magnification) and also cofirm the point of impact (at higher magnfication). The reticle of the rifle scope will aid to correct the point of impact. Middle wheel will assist you in making a fine adjustment of the side focus.
The Spotting Scope Accessories kit includes the following ;
• Tripod adapter with screws
• Middle focus wheel 34mm(for non-illuminated models of 1x-4.5x, 1x-10x, 2.5x-25x, 5x-50x, 8x-80x, 1x-8x, 3x-24x, 5x-40x, 10x-60×56, 4.5-28×52, 6-60×56), 36mm(for illuminated models of 1x-4.5x, 1x-10x, 2.5x-25x, 5x-50x, 8x-80x, 1x-8x, 3x-24x, 5x-40x, 10x-60×56, 4.5-28×52, 4-40×52, 6-60×56), 39mm(for wide angle illuminated model of 5-42×56)
• Allen wrench
• Eyepiece extension ring
• Conversion ring : This conversion ring will enable the eyepiece extension ring to attach to a wide angle(5-42×56 and 4.5-28×52) eyepiece of the new models.
This Eyepiece rubber can easily be attached to any eyepiece except for wide angle series 5-42×56 and 4.5-28×52.
These are replacement rubbers which are to protect the moving part of the scope from dust. When the rubber is damaged, you can easily replace them by hand.
DB510-0 for 6-60×56 Genesis front
DB511-0 for 6-60×56 Genesis rear
DB644-0 for 4-40×52 Genesis front
DB644-0 for 4-40×52 Genesis rear


The LED Panel Range has been developed to replace conventional 600 by 600 and 1200 by 600 Modular Luminaires, as well as offering various solutions between. All are designed to fit into conventional modular ceiling systems, however they can also be surface mounted or suspended to suit each individual requirement.
The Multi Chip lumenMax light sources are mounted within the aluminium extrusion around the edge of the luminaire, giving excellent uniformity of light across the panel, coupled with the efficient external driver giving an expected lifetime of more than 50,000 hours, ensuring the solution is virtually maintenance free. The panel design and flexibility makes it ideal for offices, retail, hotels, commercial, NHS trusts and educational establishments.
These luminaires are available with dimmable options, they can also be used in conjunction with external lighting controls to further reduce the energy consumption, allowing excellent versatility for almost any application.
The full range is available with an emergency back up option, suffix /EM3 to allow the luminaires to be incorporated into an emergency lighting installation complying with BS5266-1:2005.


diode laser hair removal machine (bestview-bm100)
1.3000W high power,808nm diode laser
2.12 laser bar from Germany
3.20mm * 20mm big spot size
4.Up to 10HZ with motion treatment
5.72 hours continue work
6.Totally painless with permanent result
The diode laser hair removal machine system uses the optimal hair removal wavelength of 808nm diode for deep penetration into the dermis where the hair follicle is located.In treatment procedure, a series of low fluence, high repetition pulses increase the temperature of both the hair follicle and the surrounding,nourishing tissue to 45 degree Celsius. This more gradual heat delivery uses the chromophores into the surround tissue as reservoirs to effectively heat up the hair follicle. Thus, along with the heat energy absorbed directly by the hair follicle, it can damage the follicle and prevent hair regrowth.808nm diode laser machine is particularly effective to hair follicle melanocytes without injury surrounding tissue. The laser light can be absorbed by hair shaft and hair follicles in the melanin, and converted into heat, thus increasing the hair follicle temperature. When the temperature raises high enough to irreversibly damage the hairfollicle structure, after a period of natural physiological processes the hair follicles will disappear to achieve the hair removal.
Please Feel free to give your inquiry in the form below. We will reply you in 24 hours.


Supplementary MaterialsPresentation1. and fast technique that enhances the grade of the concentrate with no need for iterative adaptive wavefront modification. We verify our technique by calculating the performance of two-photon photolysis of caged neurotransmitters along the dendrites of the whole-cell patched neuron. Our outcomes present that encoding the chosen Zernike settings over the excitation light can improve light propagation through human brain pieces of rats as noticed with the neuron’s evoked excitatory post-synaptic potential in response to localized focal uncaging on the spines from the neuron’s dendrites. id of a proper wavefront modification is necessary. In this ongoing work, we present that people can appropriate for light distortions with a pre-derived wavefront modification that is particular to Ganetespib small molecule kinase inhibitor particular locations in optically dense human brain tissue. This enables us to pre-correct for light distortion without the wavefront sensing (Schwertner et al., 2004) and through the use of predictable Zernike settings measured opto-electrophysiological tests. Before performing tests with living cells, we initial used fixed tissues samples to recognize Zernike settings that persistently optimize the concentrate at different places within a chosen human brain region. It had been apparent in the iterative procedure a little subset from the settings may be used to optimize the concentrate. We then utilized these settings to boost the performance of 2P photolysis along dendrites of neurons inserted within mind slices. Two-photon photolysis releases chemically caged neurotransmitters (glutamate) near dendritic spines, therefore emulating synaptic inputs Ganetespib small molecule kinase inhibitor to the neuron (Callaway and Katz, 1993; Denk, 1994). We display that there is an optimum uncaging response on a select set of Zernike modes encoded within the excitation light. Using just these few pre-determined Zernike modes allows the wavefront correction to be made with a significantly reduced optimization process, which is definitely advantageous in time-critical experiments where the lengthy search for an ideal wavefront correction is not relevant. 2. Methods 2.1. recognition of zernike modes After calibrating the system with optical materials of known optical aberration (observe Supplementary Material 1), we proceed to optimize the laser focus through fixed mind tissues. Figure ?Number11 shows a schematic of this experiment starting with a graphical illustration of a cortical slice adapted from Ramn y Cajal (1909) (Number ?(Figure1a).1a). We fixed 100 and 300 m solid Rabbit Polyclonal to ZFYVE20 parasagittal mind slices from 15 to 19 day time aged Wistar rats (observe Supplementary Material 2 for mind slice preparation). A thickness of 100 m was chosen since we normally patch cortical neurons between 50 and 100 m deep within a 300 m solid mind slice for electrophysiology experiments. On the other hand, we also fixed 300 m solid slices to see if we can push our system to propagate our excitation laser through the entire thickness of the brain slice. The slices were placed in between two type-0 coverslips and observed under a custom-built microscope explained in Supplementary Material 3. The fixed mind slices were utilized for prior dedication of the Zernike mode correction schematically explained in Figure ?Number1b,1b, which illustrates an uncorrected beam propagating through the cells and Number ?Figure1c1c showing a wavefront corrected beam via Ganetespib small molecule kinase inhibitor a spatial light modulator (SLM). Open in a separate window Number 1 Schematic of the experiment. (a) A 3D visualization of a cortical mind slice (adapted and altered from Ramn y Cajal, 1909; Thanks to the Cajal Institute-CSIC, Madrid, Spain ?CSIC), teaching the organization from the neuropile. (b) Uncorrected light is normally scattered since it enters the mind tissue hence broadening the concentrate. (c) The spatial light modulator is normally encoded using a corrective wavefront to pay the aberrations presented by the tissues, producing a sharpened concentrate. In (b,c) the concentrate behind the sample is normally imaged with a surveillance camera. (d) The corrected concentrate within the test allows for optimum photostimulation using the neuronal response documented by the cup electrode. A representative picture of the concentrate as seen from the surveillance camera: (e) A broadened concentrate; (f) Restored concentrate after encoding a corrective wavefront over the laser beam. To derive the corrective wavefront, an iterative algorithm was put on increase the beam strength through the cut of the mind tissue. We discover corrective wavefronts on two essential cortical locations in the mind slice, the neocortex as well as the hippocampus namely. These regions are utilized for research of neuronal function frequently. Pieces of locally optimized stage corrective wavefronts in five (5) split positions at around 200 m aside were documented (see Figure ?Amount2).2). The metric utilized to get the aberration modification was extracted from the grade of the beam concentrate positioned in the bottom.


The UV radiation emitted by incandescent and fluorescent bulbs is similar, although the levels are far lower when compared to reptile basking lamps or tanning bulbs. The sun is the most powerful generator of ultraviolet radiation.
What’s more, are plant lights the same as ultraviolet (UV) lights in terms of effectiveness?
Yes, ultraviolet light is beneficial to plant development, but it may also be harmful to people and other living things if not handled appropriately. The full spectrum light should be designed to resemble natural sunshine in order to give the plants the impression that they are being grown outside.
It is also possible to inquire if fluorescent lamps emit ultraviolet radiation.
As it turns out, all fluorescent light bulbs contain mercury vapour, which when exposed to an electric current releases a large amount of ultraviolet radiation. This ultraviolet radiation is normally absorbed by an inner layer of molecules known as phosphors, which then returns to the outside of the bulb as harmless white light. However, if the phosphor coating fractures, ultraviolet light is allowed to escape.
Also inquired about was whether or not grow lights emit ultraviolet light.
If your grow light generates ultraviolet radiation, be sure to use eye protection! The majority of UV LEDs really only emit UVA light, which is considered to be safer and less destructive than UVB radiation. However, the reason why UVB light is advantageous to plants is because it causes harm to the plant, which prompts the plant to react with a defence, making UVB light the optimal light source.
Is it possible to use a grow light in an ordinary lamp?
Grow light kits with fixtures and reflectors are available for purchase, but for typical houseplants, any lamp or light fixture will suffice, provided the bulbs are chosen wisely and the lamps are placed in areas where the plants would benefit the most.
There were 28 related questions and answers found.
Is it possible for a conventional light bulb to aid in the growth of plants?
The heat produced by standard incandescent bulbs is uncomfortable, and they are not very efficient. They emit a greater amount of red wavelength light than white. So, can a standard light bulb aid in the growth of plants? Yes, you may use them to develop a plant, but it is not the greatest idea.
What hue of light is the most beneficial to plants?
Light in the colours red and blue is the most beneficial for plant development, whereas green has the least influence. Plants may be damaged by ultraviolet light, which causes the leaves to burn. Supplemental lighting is used by greenhouse farmers to ensure that their plants develop to their full potential.
What is the cost of a grow lamp?
Daily electricity use costs $0.2735236 or $8.20 per month, based on a 365-day year. I can calculate that if I had a HID (high intensity discharge) light with a 600 watt bulb in it, it will cost me $30.90 per month using the same technique of computation as before. Of course, I could grow my own tomatoes and other veggies inside under a metal halide high intensity discharge lamp.
Is it true that black light encourages plant growth?
No, most plants will not be able to grow under a black light if that is the only source of light available to them. If there is other light present, they will be able to develop beneath the black light, as long as the light is not too powerful or too near to them. The dark light itself, on the other hand, has no effect on the development of plants.
What kind of lighting is most conducive to indoor plant growth?
Incandescent lights are excellent for illuminating a room and growing low-light houseplants such as vines, ferns, and dracaenas, among other things. They are only marginally useful for growing plants that need a lot of light to thrive. The light produced by these lamps accounts for just around 10% of their total energy output, with the remaining 90% being heat.
What are the benefits of UV lights?
UV lamps are used in a variety of applications, including the curing or drying of materials such as inks and coatings, virus and bacterium disinfection, hygiene and infection control, fluorescence inspection, and tanning.
Is it harmful to your eyes to use LED lights?
According to the National Institutes of Health, LED light may cause eye damage. According to France’s government-run health authority, the “blue light” emitted by LED lights may harm the retina of the eye and interfere with the body’s normal sleep patterns. LEDs use just a sixth of the power required by an incandescent bulb to provide the same amount of brightness.
Is it possible that LED lights might cause cancer?
LED lights have not been shown to cause cancer in any studies that have been conducted. When it comes to light sources, exposure to ultraviolet radiation and dangerous compounds, such as those present in incandescent and fluorescent light bulbs, seems to be the most significant cause of cancer.
Is it possible for LED grow lights to cause cancer?
In a similar vein, most LED grow light manufacturers do not include UVC in their supplementary UV lamps. The majority of UV lamps, on the other hand, will include both UVA and UVB. As you are surely aware, prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation in the absence of protective clothing may result in skin cancer. Excessive exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) light has been related to retinal damage, including cataracts.
Do cell phones produce ultraviolet light?
The blue light generated by your television, computer, and phone is referred to as high-energy visible light (HEV), and it is just as hazardous as, if not more so than, ultraviolet radiation. Mobile phones, tablets, and laptops have the potential to cause skin cancer by reflecting the sun’s damaging ultraviolet rays, according to experts.
How far away from plants should LED grow lights be placed?
Instructions on How to Place a Grow Light Incandescent grow light bulbs should be placed at least 24 inches above your plants as a general rule of thumb. Lights with a reduced heat signature, such as fluorescent and LED bulbs, may be positioned 12 and 6 inches above plants, respectively.
Is Blue Light a kind of UV light?
On the opposite end of the visible light spectrum, the blue light rays with the shortest wavelengths (and most energy) are referred to as blue-violet or violet light, depending on how they are perceived. As a result, the invisible electromagnetic photons that exist just beyond the visible light spectrum are referred to as ultraviolet (UV) radiation (ultraviolet radiation).
Are UV plant lights a health hazard?
Maintain the proper distance between the lights and the plants in order to prevent this. The vast majority of wavelengths are not hazardous. UV-emitting LED grow lights, on the other hand, are damaging to your eyes since they emit ultraviolet light. In this category, you’ll find fluorescent LED grow lights, high-pressure-sealed grow lights, and metal halide growing lamps among others.
Is it true that LED lights emit radiation?
In contrast to other energy-efficient kinds of illumination, the LED bulb does not generate polluting radiation and, as a result, does not constitute a health risk to the user. LED lighting also does not produce ultraviolet or infrared radiation, does not contain mercury, and is immune to shocks and vibrations, even at very low temperatures.


摘要：Technology for managing the light spectrum in everyday life and in special applications is developing rapidly. This is happening as well in the color measurement and management as in the control of lighting. A third trend interesting here is the use of mobile devices and applications.
In the presentation, an overview will be given to the spectral imaging technology and current trends, use of spectral shaping in the LED based lighting technology and some examples of mobile applications in these areas.
报告人简介：Jussi Parkkinen is a Professor of Computer Science at the University of Eastern Finland, Finland. He specializes in spectral color science, lighting research and pattern recognition. He received his M.Sc. in medical physics in 1982 and his Ph.D. in mathematics in 1989, from the University of Kuopio, Finland. In 1989-1990 he was a visiting researcher at The University of Iowa, IA, USA, in 1990 a Visiting Professor at the University of Saskatchewan, Canada, in 1991-1992 Professor and the Head of Department of Computer Science at the University of Kuopio, Finland, in 1992-1998 Professor of Information Processing and in 1995-1998 Dean of the Department of Information Technology at the Lappeenranta University of Technology, Finland. Since 1999 he has been a Professor of Computer Science, in 1999-2005 the Head of Department of Computer Science, in 2006-2007 the Dean of Faculty of Science and in 2007-2009 the Vice Rector (research) at the University of Joensuu, Finland. He was in 2011-2014 the Head of Electrical and Computer Systems Engineering Discipline and in 2013 - 2014 the Deputy Head of School of Information Technology, Monash University Malaysia. He has been since 2011 a Guest Professor at the Tongji University, China and since 2014 an Adjunct Professor at the Monash University Malaysia. In 1995-1999 he was the chairman of the Finnish Pattern Recognition Society and he is a fellow of the International Association of Pattern Recognition (IAPR). He was the chairman of the CIE TC8-07 technical committee on Multispectral Imaging in 2004-2008. He is a recipient of the Raymond C. Bowman award by IS&T in 2013.


The brightest – The pure light emitted by LED Display signs ensures improved legibility and contrast. Indoors they can give substantially more impact than other screen based solutions. And at up to twenty times brighter, LEDs are the only display technology suitable for outdoor use at all light levels.
Eliminate maintenance worries – With no moving parts, LEDs require no maintenance.
Longest life and low whole life cost – Competitively-priced and providing over11 years of continuous full power brightness, LED display signs offer a cost-effective long-term alternative to other technologies.
Flexibility in use – The slim, lightweight design of LED display signs offer maximum design versatility in size, format and mounting solutions.
Easy to control – Smaller displays can be controlled from handheld keypads or simple to use PC software. Larger graphic or video screens have simple interfaces to create vivid sequences from standard image and video file formats.
Up to 4.4 Trillion colours – Modern LED display signs are available in a multitude of shades including red, orange, yellow, white, blue or green. Full colour displays can show video with better colour resolution than any other type of screen technology.
Environmentally friendly low power consumption – The low voltage of LED display signs offers an environmentally friendly solution that will also save you money through lower running costs.
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Physics Nobel honors energy-saving lightbulbs
This year the Nobel Committee decided to honor a physics discovery that benefits us all: lightbulbs. The 2014 Nobel Prize in physics went to Isamu Akasaki, Hiroshi Amano and Shuji Nakamura for their discovery of blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which have enabled modern energy-efficient light sources.
“Something like a fourth of our electricity consumption goes to illumination,” Nobel Prize committee member Olle Inganäs of Linköping University in Sweden said during a press conference Oct. 7 announcing the award. “Having much more light for much less electricity is really going to have a big impact.”
The new Nobel laureates worked for years to achieve blue LEDs, which, when combined with red and green LEDs, can create white light. The red and green versions have been around since the 1960s, but the blue took about another 30 years to accomplish. “A lot of big companies really tried to do this and they failed,” said Nobel committee member Per Delsing of Chalmers University of Technology in Sweden. “But these guys persisted and they tried and tried again and eventually they actually succeeded.”
The achievement required the growth of high-quality gallium nitride crystals, which are semiconductors. Inside semiconductors, electrons and “holes,” or spaces without electrons, can move around the crystal lattice to allow electrical current to flow. When the right voltage is applied to the semiconductor, electrons and holes will recombine and emit light. The wavelength of the light—the color—depends on the band gap, or the energy required to free an electron in the material. The band gap of gallium nitride allows it to create ultraviolet and blue light.
The white light sources enabled by the discovery of blue LEDs last much longer and require much less energy than traditional incandescent lightbulbs. Whereas incandescent bulbs use electricity to heat a metal filament, and therefore waste energy by releasing it in the form of not just light but heat, LEDs more efficiently convert energy directly into light, without the heat. LEDs also avoid pitfalls of other light sources, such as fluorescent lights, which rely on mercury. This technology now illuminates our smart phone screens and phone flashlights, as well as many household lights and even the twinkling lights put on Christmas trees. And because ultraviolet light kills bacteria, blue LEDs could potentially be used to sterilize water in the future, Delsing said. “I really think that Alfred Nobel would be very happy about this prize. He wanted his prize to be given for inventions that benefited mankind.”
Akasaki and Amano worked together at the University of Nagoya to make the discovery, and Nakamura worked independently at the Nichia Chemicals company in Tokushima, Japan. He is now a professor of engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He learned of his award Tuesday just before 3 a.m. local time, and phoned into the press conference to describe the feeling of winning. “It’s unbelievable,” Nakamura said. “It’s amazing. Unbelievable.”
Akasaki was also informed by phone, but the Nobel Prize committee had not yet reached Amano when it made the announcement, because he happened to be flying from Japan to France. “I think actually they were not prepared for it,” said Staffan Normark, permanent secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. “They had not been waiting all day or all night for this call.”


The PMX Particulate Monitor can be used in a wide range of applications to detect changes in light transmission up to a distance of 30 ft. The light transmission is affected by smoke, dust and other airborne particulates.
The PMX is available in two styles: a board only configuration intended for integration into OEM equipment and in NEMA 4X housings for other applications that require a sealed enclosure.
The sensor provides a 2 digit display of signal strength for quick and easy system integration, PNP/NPN output with automatic selection and a 0-5V analog output for remote monitoring.
The PMX Particulate Monitor provides a cost effective solution to log light transmission variations and take action, such as activating exhaust fans, in industrial and commercial ventilation applications.
- Demand control kitchen ventilation (DCKV)
- Ventilation systems
- Commercial cooking hoods
- Factory venting
- Exhaust systems
- Environmental monitoring


This is a sample of glass reinforced composite material set up for a high resolution #xray #computedtomography scan. On the left side of the image is the X-ray source housing and filter wheel. On the right side you can see the detector assembly. In this case, the detector assembly contains a scintillator to convert X-ray photons to visible light, an objective lens to magnify the image, and a #ccd detector. In some of the next posts we'll show you some awesome results from imaging these #fibers !


People who are afraid of cats are mostly listening to unreliable legends and rumors, so that the innocent cat’s back is dark and mysterious image, especially the cat’s shining eyes in the dark, is enough to frighten these people. In fact, fear or rejection is usually caused by incomprehension and ignorance. If you understand that the cat has a “choroidal blanket” behind the retina, can help it get excellent night vision in the dark, and cameras, microscopes and other instruments are also borrowed from this principle, perhaps not so afraid of it!
According to animal behaviorist Desmond Morris in the book “Cat Knowledge” explains that the cat’s eyes will shine in the dark because behind the cat’s eyes there is a light reflector called the “choroidal blanket” (or light blanket, light membrane), which acts like a mirror behind the retina and can reflect light back to the cells of the retina.
With the choroid blanket, cats can make the most of every bit of light that gets into their eyes and see on a dark street or in a room. Our human eyes absorb far less light than cats, and cats can see moving objects (such as mice) clearly in the dark, but humans can hardly see clearly. Therefore, feral cats move mostly at night, on the one hand, there are few people, and on the other hand, they have excellent night vision, which makes them the best hunters.
In addition to cats, dogs and crocodiles, many other animals have the same “device”. If you take a camera to a swamp where a large group of crocodiles live at night, turn on the flash to take a photo, you will get a picture of colorful crocodile eyes, reflecting different colors of light. Therefore, often when taking pictures of cats and dogs eyes light up, it is the same reason, but it is recommended that the flash should not hit their eyes directly, so as not to cause damage.
The cameras, telescopes, microscopes, monitors, projectors and even satellites commonly used around us all borrow this principle. Studies have shown that cats’ night vision is six times that of humans and dogs five times that of humans, which is much better than humans, but Desmond Morris said that this does not mean that cats can see in a completely dark place without a hint of light, and still need to use sound, smell and a keen beard to aid navigation.


Leica Microsystems has an excellent optics. Contrast, brightness, sharpness, resolution, color fidelity and excellent precision are hallmarks of Leica surgical microscopes. Leica OH4 the stand not only complements Leica M525 optics, but also improves entire microsurgical experience with greater movement, innovative lighting and some easy-to-use features.
Designed and made with the best materials and meeting the highest standards of quality, the Leica M525 OH4 most advanced microscope is manufactured to provide long life and excellent reliability. The microscope M525 OH4 fulfills Leica's vision of providing the best viewing conditions, and greater maneuverability for operations carried out successfully.
- Comfort thanks to ergonomic design.
- Bright images.
- Safety unsurpassed patient.
- Operating intra Fluorescence.
- Display for operating room equipment.
- Flexibility placement.
- Increased maneuverability.
- Available also F20 and F50 models.
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Camera flashes are essential for capturing great photographs in low-light conditions. However, the built-in flashes on most cameras have certain limitations in terms of their reach and power. Detachable camera flashes are a great solution to overcome these limitations, as they provide more flexibility and control over the lighting. In this article, we will discuss what a detachable camera flash is, how it works, its advantages, and some tips on how to use it effectively.
What is a Detachable Camera Flash?
A detachable camera flash is a flash unit that can be mounted on the hot shoe of a camera or used off-camera, connected by a cable. The flash unit is separate from the camera, which allows for greater flexibility in terms of positioning and control. These flashes are also known as external flashes or speedlights, and they are typically more powerful than the built-in flashes on most cameras.
How Does a Detachable Flash Work?
Detachable camera flashes use a capacitor to store electrical energy, which is then released in a burst of light when the flash is triggered. They can be triggered in a few different ways, such as by a built-in sensor that detects low light levels, or by a signal from the camera itself. Some flashes also have a manual mode, which allows the user to adjust the power output and duration of the flash.
Advantages of Detachable Camera Flashes
- More Power: Detachable camera flashes are typically more powerful than built-in flashes, which means they can illuminate a larger area and produce brighter images.
- Greater Flexibility: Because detachable camera flashes are separate from the camera, they can be positioned in a variety of ways to create different lighting effects. This can include using the flash off-camera or bouncing the light off a surface to soften the shadows.
- Better Battery Life: Detachable camera flashes use their own batteries, which means they don’t drain the camera’s battery as quickly as built-in flashes.
- Faster Recycling Time: Detachable camera flashes can usually be fired more quickly than built-in flashes, which means you can take more photos in a shorter amount of time.
- More Professional Results: Detachable camera flashes can produce more professional-looking results, especially when used in conjunction with other lighting equipment, such as reflectors and diffusers.
Tips for Using Detachable Flashes
- Experiment with Different Angles: Try positioning the flash at different angles to create different lighting effects. For example, if you bounce the light off a ceiling or wall, you can create a softer, more diffused light.
- Use Manual Mode: If your detachable camera flash has a manual mode, experiment with adjusting the power output and duration of the flash to create different effects.
- Consider Using Multiple Flashes: Using multiple detachable camera flashes can create even more interesting lighting effects. For example, you could use one flash as the main light and another as a fill light to reduce shadows.
- Get a Flash Diffuser: A flash diffuser can help soften the light from the flash and create a more natural-looking result.
- Practice, Practice, Practice: Like any photography technique, using a detachable camera flash takes practice. Experiment with different settings and techniques to find what works best for you.
Detachable camera flashes are a valuable tool for photographers who want more control over their lighting. They provide more power, flexibility, and control than built-in flashes, and can be used in a variety of ways to create different lighting effects. By following these tips and practicing your technique, you can take your photography to the next level with a detachable camera flash.


Toyota's Adaptive Headlight Technology: Why It Needs To Come To The U.S. Soon
Did you know that about a decade ago, Toyota came up with some cool adaptive headlight technology? The technology uses a built-in camera to automatically detect other cars when the high beams are on. If the system detects a car, it dims the high beams to avoid blinding the other driver.
Toyota designed this cutting-edge adaptive headlight technology to:
- Improve safety
- Reduce distractions caused by high beams during nighttime
It's a great and innovative technology that will save lives and make nighttime driving much easier. Yet, it's still not available in the U.S.
Why Doesn't The U.S. Have This Adaptive Headlight Technology Yet?
When Toyota first came out with this technology, it was put into 16,600 cars sold in Europe and Japan. It was not allowed in the U.S. due to an antiquated U.S. regulation that banned their use. The regulation is called Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard (FMVSS) Number 108. It was published in 1967. NHTSA has been tweaking it here and there since then. So there was some hope that NHTSA would change these regulations to allow adaptive headlight technology in the U.S.
In 2013, Toyota petitioned the NHTSA to offer this technology in the U.S. Toyota estimated that the technology could save nine out of the 2,334 pedestrians annually killed in the U.S. during dark driving situations. While that doesn’t seem like a lot of lives, saving even one life by improving regulations and using technology already available is a big deal.
At first, NHTSA was open to discussing the rule changes. But then NHTSA nixed the idea. In 2018, NHTSA announced that it was moving to amend the now 54-year-old regulations to allow this technology in the U.S. Some drivers got excited by the news, but nothing came out of it. At least not yet. It has been a few years, and NHTSA still hasn't moved an inch toward changing the regulations to allow this technology in U.S. vehicles.
How Toyota's Cutting-Edge Headlight Technology Works
The system uses cameras to detect other cars and automatically dim the portions of the high beam that would shine in other drivers’ eyes. High beams are necessary in some situations. Yet, they can blind oncoming drivers and compromise their safety on the road. Toyota's adaptive headlight technology offers the best of both worlds. You would no longer need to turn off your high beams every time a vehicle approaches you. You can leave your high beams on, and the system will dim them to a safe level that allows the other driver to see. That way, you can still see what's in front of you.
Historically, headlights have been limited to only two settings:
- Low beams
- High beams
Having an in-between setting automatically controlled by a camera/computer is the future of headlights. This advanced feature is more convenient and it makes nighttime driving much safer.
Increasing visibility at night through smarter technology and better regulations seems like a no-brainer. That's why a lot of people are confused by NHTSA's decision to not allow this life-saving technology on U.S. vehicles. Even other automakers like Audi have developed this technology for their vehicles, too.
Right now, headlight technology in the U.S. is pretty rudimentary compared to that in many other countries.
Will The U.S. Get Adaptive Headlight Technology Anytime Soon?
Toyota has its fingers crossed that NHTSA will finally allow adaptive headlight technology in the U.S. In May 2021, Zac Palmer of autoblog.com reached out to Toyota about this. Toyota informed him that the requested changes to the regulations are under review by the Biden administration.
Zac Palmer also reached out to NHTSA. The organization told him that it's open to the idea of changing the regulations. It only needs to "first collect data and conduct research to measure the scope of any safety issue and to determine where the best safety benefits lies".
We hope to see this advanced technology in Toyota cars sometime soon. Keep your fingers crossed!


Toshiba has decided to throw away the glasses with the new Toshiba ZL2 – Enjoy 3D Without Glasses, the first television for the home market that allows 3D without having to use something extra on the tip of the nose.
How Does The 3D
The human brain can extrapolate the three dimensions of an object (height, width and depth) from two-dimensional images by positioning the eyes in the skull that do get two slightly different images to the brain allowing him to perceive the volume and distance of objects that are to do (which is why a person who sees evil, or is blind in one eye, has difficulty in judging the distance that an object is, greatly increasing the difficulty, for example, driving a car).
The 3D visualization systems for film and TV work in much the same way. Are simultaneously shot in two planes of the same object at slightly different angles which are then encoded images that are offset from one another, but are shown so quickly that appear to be overlapping.
Already there are TVs that can do the conversion from 2D to 3D in real time. This is achieved through very powerful image processors in combination with software that makes the image analysis in order to know which area of the picture “sends back” and what it shows. The problem with these systems is that they can easily be “fooled” by error or sign of poor quality, or even the amount of static objects.
The modern 3D television is available in several flavors: active 3D glasses, 3D with passive glasses and now with the Toshiba ZL2 console and the Nintendo 3DS 3D without glasses.
The first method uses a pair of glasses that have lenses that are actually small LCD screens. Through a signal sent by the TV, the glasses synchronize with the two image fields that are assigned to each eye. Where is the field to be displayed to the left eye, the right is hidden by the LCD glasses and vice verse. It all happened so fast that you do not notice it. This system works, but it is expensive, mainly because of the glasses which also have the disadvantage of having to carry or batteries to always carry them.
The second method is similar to the first, but the two fields use a slightly different type of light that is blocked by each of the glasses. The 3D passive is cheaper and comfortable to wear, but lose in TV picture quality.
The third method, the 3D without glasses, uses the same 3D passive principle, but without the need for glasses. The 3D effect is obtained through a particular filter which is positioned in front of the screen which prevents the light of the image for the right eye to reach the left and vice verse. Until now, the major problem was the 3D goggles without there being the need for a specific location (usually the eyes must be at an angle of 90 degrees to display) to be able to view three-dimensional effect, as happens in the Nintendo 3DS.
Enjoy 3D Movies Without Glasses
The Solution Of Toshiba
In ZL2, Toshiba got a c to enable up to nine people to see 3D TV without the need for a specific position is:
Firstly a screen used 4K i.e. with the possibility of displaying images with 2x Full HD, or to 3840 x 2160 pixels, after a chamber used to detect the presence of the spectators, up to 9. Finally, the software uses the information from the camera to a column of pixels allocated to each of the viewers in order to be able to see all the 3D effects whatever viewing angle.
Despite the large screen resolution, when you are viewing images in 3D ZL2 the resolution is limited to 720P for each of the spectators.
3D Without Glasses And It works?
Well ….Yes and no…
Yes because one gets a 3D effect interesting even very different angles of 90 degrees required in other solutions of this kind.
No, because the detection system of the spectators is not dynamic, which means that if you leave the place to go get the popcorn, sit back or when exactly the same place or will have to adjust the system again. To help, the TV shows you a screen marker that serves to find the ideal position to enjoy the 3D effect. Another thing, the 3D system does not like fluorescent light bulbs because, as the screens, the lights flicker and also have a frequency roughly equal to the screen which can cancel the 3D effect.
- Screen 55 “QUAD-HD (3840 x 2160)
- 3D without glasses
- Board for detecting viewers
- Conversion from 2D to 3D
- Contrast Ratio 9000000:1
- Free view and analogue tuner
- Ambient light sensor
- Recording to USB hard drive
- 4x HDMI
- 2x USB
And is there life beyond 3D?
Yes! Definitely! The 55-inch 4K display is simply fantastic! The image processor can do up scaling to HD content and 4K results are very good. My only regret failing to find anything in 4K resolution native …
Still, the results are impressive!
This ZL2 offers Internet access and the ability to install apps to access various services, the problem is that many of them do not work in our country. But obviously don’t blame on Toshiba.
The sound is good, because the space inside the box allows for resonance which does not “kill” the bass.
So Are You Ready To Buy It, To Enjoy Next Olympic games Of 2012?


Shining a light on photomedicine
Light has become a powerful medical tool. Continuing advances in the understanding of biological interactions with light, and newly developing light technologies, have given rise to a wide range of light-based therapies. As a physicist, I use light to study and modify the properties of materials down to the nanoscale. My strong interest in biophysics and medical technologies has now inspired me to explore the world of photomedicine. There are many varied interactions between biological processes and light, hugely dependent on wavelength and intensity. Medical treatments and choice of light sources are dictated by the desired treatment outcome.
A beam of light transfers energy. The more photons there are, the higher the light intensity and the more energy is transferred. The invention of the laser in 1960 introduced a light source capable of supplying high-intensity light with surgical precision. A laser can be used in place of a scalpel as a surgical instrument. The intense light tool can seal blood vessels and nerves as it makes an incision – reducing bleeding, pain and inflammation. High-intensity laser light is also used to destroy and remove cells and tissues through a process called photoablation. The absorption of laser light can raise the temperature of a cell so high and so rapidly that it is vaporised while leaving other tissue nearby unharmed. Laser ablation can be used to treat superficial and early stage cancers including some forms of skin cancer.
Large tumours which are causing blockages – e.g. in the throat – can be partially removed using an endoscope combined with a laser. Light can even be applied inside tissues and tumours in places which are hard to reach with traditional surgical techniques – for example, brain tumours. Live magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to guide a catheter containing a fibre-optic cable to a tumour. Once correctly situated, laser emission is engaged to heat the tumour, causing cell death by hyperthermia. An even greater degree of treatment localisation is becoming possible using nanoparticles, guided to cancerous cells by conjugation with specific antibodies. Designed to interact strongly with light for efficient conversion of light energy into heat, the nanoparticles allow for treatment with lower intensity light and with increased precision.
Photochemical processes are those which are triggered by the absorption of light. Perhaps the most famous photochemical process is photosynthesis, by which all plants generate chemical energy from sunlight. Human skin also demonstrates some photochemical interactions on the absorption of short-wavelength ultraviolet (UV) light – some negative and some positive. Famously, UV absorption in the skin enables the generation of vitamin D which is important for maintaining the health of bone, teeth and muscles. Sunburn is caused by direct photochemical damage to DNA in skin cells by UVB (280-315 nm) light absorption. UVA (315-400 nm) absorption can also be harmful indirectly by increasing the generation reactive oxygen species. Both damage mechanisms can increase the risk of developing skin cancer. Balancing the positive and negative impacts of UV exposure can be key to designing an effective treatment. UV light is often used to treat skin conditions including psoriasis by slowing the production of skin cells and suppressing the immune system. UV exposure is also used for repigmentation of skin in conditions which cause skin cells to lose their natural colour. UV illumination may also be used to stimulate wound healing and as an antibacterial agent – the latter is particularly relevant at time when resistance to antibiotic drugs is increasing.
Cancer therapy is also a large area in photochemical photomedicine. In a treatment called photodynamic therapy (PDT), photosensitive cancer drugs can be administered which are activated only when exposed to light. Limiting light exposure to the target treatment regions reduces side effects in healthy tissue. In late 2016, a trial of a prostate cancer treatment using a drug which is only activated when exposed to laser light was reported with very encouraging improvements in cure rates compared with traditional treatments. PDT may also be used to treat blood cancers by exposing blood treated with a photosensitising agent to light outside of the body.
Controlling exposure to light, particularly blue light, can be used to treat some sleep disorders and circadian rhythm (‘body clock’) disruption. Eyes contain photoreceptors which communicate time-of-day information to the brain’s central timekeeping zone. Increased artificial blue light exposure from device screens, for example, is suspected of causing disruption, and most laptops and smartphones now feature a ‘blue light’ mode to reduce blue light intensity according to the time of day. Products to increase ‘natural’ light exposure are also available – which claim to improve sleep patterns and treat seasonal affective disorder.
Developments in our understanding of the interaction of the human body with light, and advances in light sources and light guiding technologies, have generated the enormous field of photomedicine. Surgical procedures and cancer therapies look set to continue to make use of laser light to improve precision and to extend treatments beyond traditional techniques. Advances in technology and continued innovation should lower the barriers to use, including the requirement of specialist training, access to equipment and cost. The market for natural light exposure management may mature as evidence of links between biological processes and artificial light exposure increases.
For light in medicine, the future is bright.


Quantum Network across Tokyo
Tokyo QKD Network & Tokyo FSO Testbed at present and beyond
Tokyo QKD Network was inaugurated in October 2010 in a part of the NICT open testbed network "Japan Giga Bit Network Extreme (JGN-X)". Since then, QKD systems, QKD network technologies and various applications have been developed and tested on it. Some of these technologies are going out into user premises in 2015. Tokyo QKD Network will be offering a platform for developing security certification technologies, next generation QKD systems and new applications.
Tokyo Free Space Optical (FSO) Testbed has been constructed in August 2014 for field experiments on optical and quantum communications as well as optical sensing. It constitutes an 8 km terrestrial link between two terminals at the University of Electro-Communications and NICT.