Adtran’s Oscilloquartz optical cesium clock outperforms in tests at leading European metrology institute
- Precision synchronization technology is crucial for scientific measurement applications
- A renowned national authority on metrology based in Central Europe has conducted a rigorous evaluation of the OSA 3300-HP
- Adtran’s market-first high-performance optical cesium clock achieved outstanding results with unprecedented levels of accuracy and stability
Adtran today announced that one of the world’s leading metrology institutes has conducted a three-month-long evaluation of its OSA 3300-HP high-performance optical cesium atomic clock. Based in Central Europe, the national laboratory tested Adtran’s industry-first solution to establish its suitability for scientific measurement and calibration applications that require precise synchronization. The OSA 3300-HP succeeded in delivering the strict timing accuracy and long-term stability needed for metrology use cases with results far exceeding product specifications. The findings underline the value of Adtran’s Oscilloquartz optical cesium technology for a broad spectrum of industries, from astronomical research to defense operations.
This press release features multimedia. View the full release here: https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20230905097567/en/
Adtran’s OSA 3300-HP has set new benchmarks for timing accuracy and long-term stability. (Photo: Business Wire)
“We’re pleased to see this validation for our OSA 3300-HP. As the market’s first commercial high-performance optical cesium atomic clock, it offers levels of performance that far exceed best-in-class magnetic cesium devices. Its unique capabilities have the potential to enhance the work of scientists and engineers in a diverse range of metrology, science, research, time scale and ground station fields, including space exploration,” said Gil Biran, GM of Oscilloquartz, Adtran. “Now that it’s achieved these successful results in some of the industry’s most thorough tests, science and research institutions across the world will be able to harness our device to bring new levels of accuracy to their work.”
Adtran’s OSA 3300-HP represents a major achievement in network synchronization. Building on Oscilloquartz’s 74-year history and the expertise of its team, the device provides a precise and ultra-stable frequency source for the most demanding and critical applications. It enables highly accurate synchronization over an extended 10-year lifetime thanks to its advanced optical cesium technology, which pumps atoms to the desired energy states more efficiently than legacy magnetic-based solutions. The OSA 3300-HP’s robust and compact design makes it suitable for multiple applications, even in ground space-constrained environments. It’s also fully compliant with the latest RoHS standards and strict EU demands.
“Assessments by this leading scientific evaluation center are recognized as among the most stringent evaluations in the world of metrology. By meeting and surpassing these rigorous standards, our OSA 3300-HP has proven its value for metrology, time-keeping institutes and scientific research. It will be the foundation for future innovation in sectors from satellite navigation to nanoscale technology,” commented Jörg Urban, AVP of EMEA business development at Oscilloquartz, Adtran. “Our optical pumping timing solutions have set a new benchmark for precision and availability. As well as having a transformative impact on metrology advancement, our technology provides the vital resilience required for PNT assurance in critical infrastructure. What’s more, it empowers communication service providers to harness robust and accurate GNSS backup to deliver valuable timing offerings with differentiated service level agreements.”
Further details including official results from the OSA 3300-HP evaluation are now available on request.
A brief summary of the findings can also be found in these slides.
ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. (NASDAQ: ADTN and FSE: QH9) is the parent company of Adtran, Inc., a leading global provider of open, disaggregated networking and communications solutions that enable voice, data, video and internet communications across any network infrastructure. From the cloud edge to the subscriber edge, Adtran empowers communications service providers around the world to manage and scale services that connect people, places and things. Adtran solutions are used by service providers, private enterprises, government organizations and millions of individual users worldwide. ADTRAN Holdings, Inc. is also the largest shareholder of Adtran Networks SE, formerly ADVA Optical Networking SE. Find more at Adtran, LinkedIn and Twitter.
ADTRAN Holdings, Inc.
The OSA 3300-HP succeeded in delivering the strict timing accuracy and long-term stability needed for metrology use cases


Designed to enhance safety, this system uses GPS data and forward-facing video cameras to detect road signs and predict cornering angles, enabling the headlights to provide the best illumination.
Advanced front lighting system based on camera.
The American carmaker also said the system can “expand the beam of light at intersections and roundabouts to better illuminate obstacles not in the direction of travel”.
In addition, Ford is developing a spot lighting system to detect pedestrians, cyclists, or large animals. This system uses infrared cameras and can continuously identify and track up to 8 different objects at distances of up to 120m.
Ken Washington, Ford’s Vice President of Research and Advanced Engineering, said: “Many drivers at night have to quickly react to unexpected people or objects on the road. Advanced camera-based lighting and spot lighting systems help ensure that drivers are quickly alerted when people or animals can cause danger.
- Ford showcases technology on the new Ranger
- Ford brings new technologies to CES Asia
- Ford continues to embrace future technologies
Anh Quan (TTTD)


CCTV / DVR
This unobtrusive camera is great for indoor and outdoor use. With 330 lines of resolution you'll get a great view wherever you place it. The built-in mount and quick to change focus makes this ideal for areas needing overlapping camera coverage 330 Lines Resolution, 3.6 mm Lens.
When detail and clarity is absolutely necessary for an indoor location you can't go wrong with this camera. This high-resolution color camera provides 480 Lines of resolution combined with a powerful 410,000 pixel-imaging chip. The camera is magnetically shielded making it ideal for positioning in areas with machinery or electronics nearby. - 480 Lines Resol
Waterproof, Black and White, Infrared Mul-T-Lock® This black and white weatherproof security camera is 100% waterproof up to 90 feet. It features a 3.6mm fixed focus lens and built-in electronic iris. It is encased in black brass housing. It has built-in infrared LEDs. A mounting bracket and 12V DC power supply is included. 100% Waterproof, 420 Lines Resolution, Built-in Infrared LEDs.
Vandal resistant, weather tight and able to see up to 40 feet in complete darkness. This camera is flexible for just about any situation. It�s excellent for areas where lights are turned completely off at night or in dark storage areas. It automatically switches from color to black and white when light levels drop to maintain superior optical clarity. 380
This unobtrusive camera is easily mounted in any tight area. Only the dome is exposed being 1' high and 3' wide. The camera is vandal resistant and contains a pinhole lens. 420 Lines Resolution, 3.7mm Lens, Aluminum Housin.
This camera is equipped with a 25X optical zoom lens, Sony digital chip and retractable IR filter. It automatically switches from high-resolution color to black and white when light drops down to shadowy levels. The lens rotates a full 360 degrees and has 128 preset viewing positions.
This small lightweight camera is impact resistant. It comes with a built-in IR LED that provides light in dark areas. This camera is perfect for low traffic public areas that have variable or low light levels. A built in 4-9mm variable focus lens gives it great flexibility. Vandalism Resistant, Built-in IR LED, 470 Lines Resolution
This compact camera has multiple IR LEDs that turn dark areas into illuminated areas. The LED light emitted isn't noticeable to those passing by. The camera automatically switches from color to black and white to enhance low light viewing. / Built-in LED / 470 Lines Resolution / 4-9mm with Auto Iris.
This state of the art security camera can fit just about anywhere. At only 10 cm it's the smallest dome camera we sell. The shield stops people from changing the focus of the camera and obscures where it is pointed. Tiny Size, 380 Lines Resolution, Built-in Lens.
Fast and accurate with exceptional optical zoom capabilities, this indoor PTZ camera offers exceptional surveillance capabilities. Its dark shroud prevents onlookers from knowing what you're looking at. Comes as either color or black and white capabilities. Shadow tour allows a preprogrammed motion of the camera. - 470 Lines Resolution Color - 500 Lines Res
Displays Accurate Time and Captures Great ImageThis stylish wall mounted clock contains accurate quartz movement and contains a high quality hidden camera. A wide angel lens provides video of an entire room. - 330 Lines Resolution - 3.6mm Wide Angel Lens.
Great for Changing Light Conditions This ultra compact camera automatically switches from color to black and white in low light conditions. This is a favorite for placing above infrequently used locations.330 Lines Resolution Color Mode, 400 Lines Resolution Black and White Mode, 3.6mm Lens
Day/night cameras perform as color cameras in bright light conditions and automatically switch to black and white in low light. Black and white cameras give better resolution in low light. This day/night digital camera features an advanced digital process circuit design. It delivers high-resolution superior color images in bright light and sharp monochrome p


New choices in lighting: An LED buyers guide
The move to LED lighting has become mainstream, with more options appearing constantly. Lance Turner takes a look at what’s available.
For many homes, lighting is one of the most overlooked aspects. Incorrect lighting can make a room unpleasant to be in, or make it more difficult to perform tasks such as reading or cooking. Getting it right can take a bit of effort, and though this guide won’t answer all your questions about lighting design, hopefully it will give you a headstart when thinking about the types of lighting to use and the questions to ask.
With almost all lighting technology moving towards LEDs, this guide focuses on LED bulbs. Even the reasonably efficient technologies such as fluorescent tubes and compact fluorescent lamps are rapidly being replaced by LED lighting. It’s likely that within 10 years, most other light sources will have disappeared in favour of the robustness, longevity and energy efficiency of LEDs.
What is an LED?
LEDs (light emitting diodes) are unlike any other lighting system. They contain no glass tubes or heating filaments, instead using a small piece of semiconductor material (as used in computer chips) that emits light directly when a current is passed through it.
LEDs produce light in a range of colours, without the need for coloured filters; thus, to get white light, a phosphor is used over a blue or UV LED chip, similar to what’s used in a fluorescent tube.
Note that the LED is actually the small light producing element(s) in a light bulb or fitting, but most people now erroneously refer to LEDs as the entire bulb or fitting.
There are a number of specifications that are useful to consider when buying LED lights.
All light bulbs have a wattage rating, which measures how much power they consume. This is where LEDs have a shining advantage over older, more inefficient technologies. For domestic LED lights, the rating is usually between one and 20 watts, compared to a typical incandescent rating of 25 to 100 watts.
Light output: lumens, LUX and beam angle
Many LED bulbs include an ‘equivalent-to’ wattage rating, showing the wattage of the incandescent bulb that the LED bulb is equivalent to in terms of light output. For example, a six watt LED bulb might be rated as putting out the same amount of light as a 50 watt incandescent.
This ‘equivalent-to’ rating is based on the light output in lumens. The lumen rating of an LED bulb, usually included on the packaging, measures the total light output, relative to the response of the human eye.
For bulbs that are suitable for general room lighting—those with wide beam angles, above 60 degrees, but preferably 90 degrees or more—matching lumens for lumens should give you the result you need. Thus, for these types of lights (these are generally found in the common Edison screw, bayonet or ‘oyster’ fittings), the ‘equivalent-to’ rating should be all you need to determine if the bulb is a suitable replacement.
For directional lights, often known as spot lights, it’s a bit different. These are lights with a smaller beam angle, up to around 60 degrees. Such lights are generally used for task lighting, directed onto a desk or work area. Halogen downlights are an example of these—it’s because of their small beam angle that so many of them were needed to light a room! For these spot lights, small differences in the beam angle can make a big difference in how bright the light appears. Many people have had the experience of buying an LED bulb which was meant to be equivalent to a 50 watt halogen, but found that it appears much less bright. The lumens may have been lower, but more likely the beam angle was narrower, creating a bright light directly under the light but darker patches around it.
For the full tables from this guide in PDF format, click here
Read the full article in ReNew 133.
This article was first published in Renew 133 (October – December 2015). Renew 133 has a focus on reuse and recycling.
Many energy monitoring products need you to access breaker box wiring to install current clamps and the like. This is work that should be done by a qualified electrician. The Powersensor Solar Monitor, however, can be installed by the homeowner without the cost of calling in a sparkie.Read more


Lighting Design DIALux
Tianjin, Street Lighting Design
Site: Tianjin Port
Design: Warm and cold white light mixed use according to that warm light is longer wavelength with penetration ability, well the light efficiency is low compared to cold white.
Standard: Reference GB50582-2010, the illumination should meet railway operation uniformity requirements, Eav10lx, U0 0.25
A standard: Well Tianjin Port is the largest port in the north, with heavy workload. According to the requirements, it is required to raise the level of the first class of illumination standard, Eav15lx, U0 0.25
Haze Weather Level: However, the northern port of autumn and winter with longer haze weather, in order to improve operational efficiency and safety, we design Eav20lx, U0 0.25, light color temperature of 3000K and 5500K.
Installation: Lamps installed in the railway along the steel frame across the rails, steel frame height of 10 meters, the spacing between the steel frame 100m, both sides of a frame with seven lamps


V-KOOL X15 is the ideal solution for customers who want to control visible light reflections while reducing or minimizing the heat of the vehicle.
It is the industry's leading film technology that provides excellent visibility compared to films with typical dark visible light transmittance while achieving only 12% visible light reflectance.
17.0% Visible Light Transmission
12.0% Visible Light Reflectance
69% Total Solar Energy Rejection
99% UV Light Rejection
Superior Glare Reduction
Help to reduce glare while delivering the benefit of privacy protection.
Excellent Shielding against UV
Protect skin by blocking out more than 99% of UV rays.
Extra-ordinary Heat Rejection
Enjoy reduced heat transmission because of the infra-red reflection capabilities.
Developed in USA
Experience superior quality product technology that was developed in Silicon Valley, USA.
Buy Now hereBuy & Enquiry


Who We are
A QUICK INTRODUCTION
Houson-based International Laser Company
Extreme Lasers is an industry leader in high reliability, diode-pumped solid-state (DPSS) lasers for Scientific Research, Life & Health Sciences, Aerospace & Defense, Photovoltaics, Industrial Manufacturing, Semiconductors, and Microelectronics markets. Extreme Lasers' continuous wave (CW) and quasi-continuous wave (Quasi-CW) lasers are built for 24/7 hands-off, reliable operation and low cost of ownership. With a broad selection spanning ultraviolet (UV) to infrared (IR) wavelengths, power levels from 1mW to 20,000mW, and CW and mode-locked quasi-CW systems, Extreme Lasers has the right laser solution for your most demanding applications.
What We Do
THE PRODUCTS WE OFFERLaser light show projectors
Fully customizable laser systems
Research and lab laser systems
Special effects equipment
Get In Touch
HOW CAN WE HELP YOU
In the world of lasers one size certainly does not fit all. Please contact us to discuss your specific laser
project or application. There is no project too big or too small and we are confident that we are able to
provide exactly what you need. We welcome inquiries from around the globe. Contact us, today!


|Event Name:||SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing|
|Ilika at the show:||Professor Dan Hewak will be talking on behalf of Ilika about:“Optical in-constants: extracting reliable n and k parameters in high-throughput for plasmonic alloys as a function of composition” on 14 APril 2019|
|Date:||14th Apr 2019 - 18th Apr 2019|
|Location:||Baltimore Convention Center Baltimore, Maryland, United States|
What SPIE say: "The leading conference on sensors, infrared technology, laser systems, spectral imaging, radar, LIDAR, and more returns to Baltimore in 2019. With over 4,500 attendees, this is the #1 sensing, imaging, and photonics technologies event for defense and commercial applications."


Berliner Physikalisches Kolloquium
im Wintersemester 2018/2019
Im Berliner Physikalischen Kolloquium im Magnus-Haus hat
Prof. Dr. Jean-Pierre Wolf,
Département de physique appliquée, Université de Genève, Schweiz,
Ultra-intense laser filaments have recently demonstrated their potential for modulating atmospheric processes . Four characteristic examples are highlighted in this presentation: lightning control, laser-induced water vapor condensation, transmission of optical data through fog, and modulation of the radiative forcing properties of cirrus clouds. For instance, field experiments in various atmospheric conditions showed that laser filaments induce water vapor condensation and fast droplet growth up to several μm as soon as the relative humidity exceeds 70%. This effect mainly relies on photochemical mechanisms allowing efficient binary condensation and ultrafast oxidation of existing organic particles. Conversely, clearing fogs and clouds is efficiently achieved by using ultrashort, high-intensity lasers with high average powers (>100 W, > kHz). Instead of evaporating the droplets, the mechanism relies on shock waves induced by the filaments that mechanically expel the droplets from the beam in a quasi-continuous way. The applications of such fog and cloud clearing are of paramount importance for recent programs on laser-based earth-to-satellite classical or quantum communications.
 J. P. Wolf, Short Pulse Lasers for Weather Control, Rep. Prog. Phys. 81, 026001 (2018).


Urology laser for lithotripsy
Urology laser lithotripsy is the most common laser procedure performed in urology.
Urology laser lithotripsy is the most common laser procedure performed in urology. Laser lithotripsy is currently well established in the clinic, each of the three major components, including laser, optical fiber, and ureteroscope technologies, have continued to evolve over the past few decades.
Urology laser lithotripsy uses lasers to break stones that are located in the urinary tract. This could include stones in the bladder, kidneys, ureters (tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder), or urethra (the tube through which urine leaves the body from the bladder).
Holmium Laser Portable XP aims for the efficiency of lithotripsy. It depends on the wavelength of 2100 nm with portable volume, but the highest output power of 40 watts has become the gold standard of lithotripsy of Urology. It is recommended by urologists and has a lot of outstanding praise.


LED lighting Market report analyzes the market status, growth rate, future trends, market drivers, opportunities, challenges, entry barriers, risks, sales channels, and distributors. LED lighting market research report is formed with a nice combination of industry insight, smart solutions, practical solutions and newest technology to give better user experience. Businesses can obtain details about market drivers and market restraints which assist them to take presumption about reducing or increasing the production of particular product. LED lighting market report comprises of historic data, present market trends, market environment, technological innovation, upcoming technologies and the technical progress in the related industry.
Get Free Sample Report at http://databridgemarketresearch.com/request-a-sample/?dbmr=global-led-lighting-market
LED lighting market report is generated based on the market type, organization size, availability on-premises, end-users’ organization type, and the availability in areas such as North America, South America, Europe, Asia-Pacific and Middle East & Africa. By using integrated approaches and most up-to-date technology for the unmatched results this LED lighting market research report has been generated. LED lighting market report also makes available statistics on the current state of the industry as a valuable source of guidance and direction for companies and investors interested in this market. The report also analyses the emerging trends along with major drivers, challenges and opportunities in the LED lighting market.
Major Market Drivers & Restraints:
- Increase demand for energy-efficient lighting systems.
- Growth in the field of IOT.
- Low LEDs prices.
- High demand for LED from smart cities.
- Lack of alertness towards installation costs and payback periods.
- Development of substitute.
Major Market Competitors/Players:
- Philips Lighting Holding B.V.,
- GENERAL ELECTRIC,
- Cree Inc.,
- Virtual Extension.,
- Zumtobel Group AG,
- SAMSUNG ,
- SHARP CORPORATION,
- Lumileds Holding B.V.,
- NICHIA CORPORATION,
- OSRAM Opto Semiconductors GmbH.,
- Semiconductor Co. Ltd.,
- LG INNOTEK.,
- SYSKA LED
Inquiry Before Buying at http://databridgemarketresearch.com/inquire-before-buying/?dbmr=global-led-lighting-market
The global LED lighting market is highly fragmented and the major players have used various strategies such as new product launches, expansions, agreements, joint ventures, partnerships, acquisitions, and others to increase their footprints in this market. The report includes market shares of LED lighting market for global, Europe, North America, Asia Pacific and South America.
Table of content:
Chapter 1, to describe LED lighting market product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks
Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of LED lighting market, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of LED lighting market
Chapter 3, the LED lighting market competitive situation, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast.
Chapter 4, the LED lighting market breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions.
Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales, revenue and market share for key countries in the world
Chapter 10 and 11, to segment the sales by type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application
Chapter 12, LED lighting market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue
Chapter 13, 14 and 15, to describe LED lighting market sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source
Access Detailed TOC at https://databridgemarketresearch.com/toc/?dbmr=global-led-lighting-market
About Data Bridge Market Research:
Data Bridge Market Research set forth itself as an unconventional and neoteric Market research and consulting firm with unparalleled level of resilience and integrated approaches. We are determined to unearth the best market opportunities and foster efficient information for your business to thrive in the market. Data Bridge endeavors to provide appropriate solutions to the complex business challenges and initiates an effortless decision-making process.
Data Bridge Market Research


If you would like more information on the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math behind the Art, visit TheoryOfEverything.org.
Everything you wanted to know about E8 Laser Etched Optical Crystal
All objects are made from 3D StereoLithography (.STL) export files from the Mathematica coded graphics engine by the author.
How does the 3D Laser Engraving work?
The 3D laser engraving process uses a computer guided laser to precisely engrave 3D images within optically perfect laser crystal. Initial efforts produced 3D images engraved inside a solid piece of optically perfect laser crystal without damaging the crystal block surface.
What is the difference between a Lead Crystal and an Optic Crystal?
Lead Crystal historically also known as flint glass due to the original silica source, contains a minimum of 24% lead oxide for color, clarity, sparkle and brilliance. Crystal can consist of up to 35% lead, at which point it has the most sparkle. The higher lead content also makes it much more difficult to form crystal during manufacturing. More lead content, the heavier the piece. The lead also make the crystal softer and more conducive to cutting. Swarovski crystal contains approximately 32% lead to maximize refraction.
Optical Crystal is 100% Lead Free and extremely hard. Barium oxide is used principally in optical and crystal glass instead of lime or red lead. Glass, which contains barium, is lighter than lead crystal but gives comparable brilliance due to its high refractive index. Optical Crystal subjected to tremendous pressure to ensure no bubbles, flow lines or other distortions.
Crystal without lead is not any less valuable than full lead crystal particularly when it is thick and heavy and finely designed. In fact, clear uncut crystal has to be particularly fine quality because the flaws can not be hidden by the cuts.
How to Display the Crystal
The best way to display your treasure is to place it over a bright light against a dark-colored background, for the following reasons. An image is formed from an engraved image in a crystal when light rays are reflected by the engraved points, which by striking our eyes make the regions with many engraved points appear white, while the regions with few points would let the light rays pass through and thus appear dark. If a light-colored background is placed behind an engraved image, those light rays that passed through the crystal body would be reflected by the background and strike our eyes; we in fact see the light-colored background through the crystal regions where there are few engrave points. Obviously the contrast of the image would be reduced under the circumstance. By the same token, use of a relatively bright light increases the contrast by making the highly etched regions appear whiter.
Care for your crystal is simple. When there is dust or finger prints on it, just wipe it using a soft cloth with some warm water or a common detergent such as a window cleaner.


A writer uses a converging lens of focal length f = 12 cm as a magnifying glass to read fine print on his book contract. Initially, the writer holds the lens above the fine print so that its image is at infinity. To get a better look, he then moves the lens so that the image is at his 25-cm near point. How far, and in what direction (toward or away from the fine print) did the writer move the lens? Assume his eye is adjusted to remain always very near the magnifying glass.


- Senior member of Optical Society of America (OSA)
- Early career Professional Member of “Optical Society of America” (OSA)
- Member of Optical Society of America Member Advisory Network
- Member of “The International Society for Optics and Photonics” (SPIE)
- Life Member of “Optical Society of India” (OSI)
- Member of IEEE Photonics Society
- Life Member of “Indian Physics Association” (IPA)
- Life Member of “Indian Laser Association” (ILA)
- Member of European Science Forum (EUOSCIENCE)
- Life member of Plasma Science Society of India (PSSI)
- Nature - Communications in Physics, Nature communications
- OSA - Optics Express, Optics letters, Josa B,
- SPIE - Optical Engineering, Journal of Nanophotonics
- IEEE - Photonics Technology letters, Photonics Review
- Elsevier – Optical Communications, Optical fiber Technology, Optik, Journal of Advanced Research
- Taylor & Francis – Journal of Modern Optics
- Springer – Optics and Quantum Electronics
- IOP – Applied Physics research
- Chair of the OSA Technical Group Lasers in Manufacturing
- Organized and chaired panel discussion-cum-networking event “Recent Trends in Laser Technology and application in Manufacturing” in the OSA Laser Congress at Vienna 30th Sep 2019.
- Organized webinar “Recent Advances in Wire-based additive Manufacturing” on Jan 9, 2020.
- Organized webinar “Laser aided Additive Manufacturing” on Apr 20, 2021.
- Organized a panel discussion “Role and application of lasers in Additive Manufacturing” during CLEO 2021 on 12th May 2021.


Bushnell Equinox 4 x 40 mm Digital Monocular No. 260440
Compact and simple to use, the Equinox is ideal for surveillance or wildlife viewing. It is the lowest-priced device tested and so lacks some of the technology and benefits of the higher-priced devices. The infrared illuminator pumped out enough added light to let us easily spot hyacinths drifting in the current, but gave less satisfaction in identifying the flame-red buoys at beyond 20 yards. This could be a function of the lower-resolution viewfinder or of less sophisticated data processing in comparison with iGen’s night vision technology.
Wins: It’s marketed to the hunter and wildlife watcher, for whom higher resolution isn’t as critical. It’s priced low and gives good service when closer-range observation is enough. The device worked best on land and gave satisfying detail at about 100 yards — its optimum, though not maximum, range.
Losses: We found its shorter range, lower contrast and lower resolution didn’t give us a clear enough view to “capture” our buoy targets on the water.
Final Word: This is a great device for wildlife observation or surveillance, but we didn’t think it had the resolution or range needed by mariners.
Vision Type: Infrared-enhanced night vision
Size: 6.5" x 4" x 2.4"
Weight (approximate): 13 oz.
Water Shield: Water resistant
Tripod Mount: Yes
Viewer Resolution: 320 x 240
Light Magnification: 650x
Battery Type: 2 CR123 lithium
Battery Life: 6 hours
Viewing Range (see a man @ ft.): 738
Image Capture: No
Image Storage: NA
Video Output: Yes
Visual View Modes: Gray, green
Field of View: 30' at 300'
Warranty: 1 year


SoliTek produced its first solar cells from recycled materials
SoliTek joined “Horizon 2020” 7,8 mln. Eur. value project CABRISS and produced its first solar cells from recycled materials – defected cells and its fragmentations.
Recycling technology of solar cells and modules was created and tested with the contribution of partners from Germany “Loser Cheme”, France’s National Solar Energy Institute CEA-INES and Norway’s Independent Research Organisation SINTEF.
After measuring the parameters and quality of solar cells from recycled materials, substantial quality decline, in comparison to those made in regular way, has not been found. The greatest achievement is that more than 95% solar cells materials – glass, metals, semiconductors and polymers – were successfully repurposed and the effectiveness of solar cells reaches 18% which is close to the dominating numbers in the market.
Solitek R&D executive Julius Denafas states that it is not very easy to obtain the materials: solar modules are made to work in outside conditions for 30 and more years. Therefore to take apart a module and separate firmly laminated layers is a great technological challenge. Working with Europe’s leading laboratories, SoliTek gain a lot knowledge about the influence of materials on the final solar cells’ and modules’ quality.
SoliTek together with its partners are one of the first in Europe to try out circular economy model in solar technologies sector. And the new tested methods will provide an opportunity to produce more ecological products with less greenhouse effect.


The eye can be examined with relative ease regarding both its function and its structure. A functional evaluation consists of the ability to relocate the orbit and the reaction of the student to light and accommodation.
The function of the eye might be evaluated in numerous methods. The client may be asked to identify illuminated letter or objects of varying sizes on exactly what is known as the Snellen chart.
Alternatively, the assessment of the structural part of the eye might be made in numerous methods. Stress within the eyeball is determined by a "tonometer." In specific illness, specifically in glaucoma, the tension in the eyeball is increased noticeably.
It must be well remembered that a patient with an eye issue may have other problems. Often other physical conditions are primary and impact the eye as a repercussion. The look of the eye can inform the doctor and the patient to difficulties in some disruptions of other parts of the body even before other signs provide themselves.
One's reliance on sight is emphasized when one deals with a short-lived or possible long-term loss of this essential sense. Thus, when corrective steps are sought, certain kinds of vision correction such as contact lenses or eyeglasses are prescribed.
On the other hand, some people are troubled with that they have actually some framed lenses or contact lenses in front of their eyes.
For this reason, advanced surgeries were established to encourage decreased usage of contact lenses or glasses. One of which is the now popular LASIK eye surgical treatment.
Basically, LASIK eye surgery is the short term for "Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis." Like its concrete counterpart, LASIK eye surgical treatment is another kind of vision correction. The only distinction is that with this type of surgery, one's vision is remedied completely.
With LASIK eye surgery, the refractive mistakes in the visit our website cornea are permanently changed. This can be done using an "excimer laser."
The primary function of this surgical treatment is to develop a threadlike, rounded "flap" in the cornea utilizing a blade referred site to as "microkeratome." In a series of unfolding and laser processing, the cornea is lastly reformed, allowing much better the eye to direct more light into the retina.
Appeal vs. Disadvantages
In the middle of the growing popularity of LASIK eye surgical treatment, there are still disadvantages that individuals need to know. Most likely, the main reason that this type of eye surgery has become well accepted is since many of its cases had achieved success.
In spite of its success, there are still some drawbacks. Here is the list:
1. It is an operation used to the most sensitive part of the eye
Since LASIK eye surgery involves the operation of the retina, which is one of the most delicate parts of the eye, the majority of people state that the operation can be extremely dangerous.
To puts it simply, a basic error could nearly cause an person's lifetime loss of sight. It is important to consider lots of aspects prior to deciding whether LASIK eye surgical treatment is the ideal corrective step one has to undergo.
2. It is not a best treatment
LASIK eye surgery may remedy your vision however it does not always mean that it can discover here offer you a twenty-twenty. Even if analytical reports reveal that 70% of the clients might have 20/20 vision, this does not necessarily imply they have ideal vision.
Offered all these things, it can be deduced that, in spite of the popularity of the operation, LASIK might not constantly be the ideal eye surgical treatment the way most individuals see it
Alternatively, the assessment of the structural part of the eye might be made in numerous ways. It must be well kept in mind that a patient with an eye problem may have other issues. Often other physical conditions are main and impact the eye as a consequence. The look of the eye can inform the patient and the physician to troubles in some disruptions of other parts of the body even before other signs provide themselves.
Like its concrete counterpart, LASIK eye surgery is another type of vision correction.


Nikon TW 20 AF Point and Shoot Camera
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The Nikon TW20 (or Tele•Touch 300 in America) is a compact auto focus camera released by Nikon in 1989. It was the follow-up model to the TW2. The TW20 could be switched between two focal lengths: 35 mm wide angle and 55 mm normal ("tele") mode. It was Nikon's first camera with a red-eye reduction mode. Read More
- Wide angle: 35 mm f/3,8 (3 elements, 3 groups).
- Tele: 55 mm f/5,7 (5 elements, 5 groups).
- Sliding lens cover to turn the camera on and off. If left in tele mode, the lens will retract to wide mode after three minutes.
- Active autofocus with AF/AE lock. Auto-exposure with auto backlight compensation.
- Nearest focusing distance: 45 cm (wide), 59 cm (tele).
- Built-in auto flash with auto fill flash. A button on the front prevents the flash from firing.
- Flash range (at ISO 100): 3 m (tele), 4,5 m (wide).
- Self-timer, with a mode for taking two consecutive shots with 5 seconds interval.
By Tim Dobbs Photography
I know that its not really the camera but lens that gives the quality so I searched the web for some information on compact cameras and found a lot of recommendations for the Nikon TW20. Read More


Doppler spectrum type contribution to BER in fiber optic communication channel
Keywords:noise, communication channel, fiber optic communication
AbstractIntegrated ship communication systems require reliable and safe communication media that is suitable for fiber optic cables. This paper investigates such systems. The focus of this paper is on the research into the influences of different Doppler spectrum types to measure bit error rate in communications based on fiber optics. The results show that the highest BER is obtained for Asymmetrical Jakes and the lowest for the Jakes spectrum type. Although we are interested in communications aboard ships, the methodology can be applied to any fiber optic communication system.
Copyright 2022 by Faculty of Engineering University of Rijeka, Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Rijeka. All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media without the written consent of the publisher.
The journal Engineering Review’s publishing procedure is performed in accordance with the publishing ethics statements, defined within the Publishing Ethics Resource Kit. The Ethics statement is available in the document Ethics Policies.


Water-filtered, infrared A (wIRA) is full-spectrum light filtered by a hermetically sealed water filter which filters out all the harmful ultraviolet (UV) light waves.
Only visible and the first band of infrared light, known as infrared A, is allowed to pass through the water filter.
The process is similar to the filtering of sun light by upper atmospheric moisture.
Moisture in the atmosphere filters out harmful UV and far-infrared light waves
|The water filter in the hydrosun 750 emulates the effects of amospheric moisture.|
Images above showing treatment of shoulder, lower back and sinusitis.
Graph above shows the light spectrum of the hydrosun 500 showing the light spectrum difference between water filtered only (blue line) and additional orange lens (orange line). The orange lens filters UV and some visible light.
Graph above shows sunlight radiation levels during a European mid-summer sunny day (blue line). The orange line is the spectrum of water filtered infrared A (wIRA). The red line is the spectrum of a 3000 K halogen lamp with an infrared lens but without a water filter from a typical LED infrared lamp. The green line shows the spectrum of a 1750 K low wattage lamp.
The graph above is the extended view of the previous graph showing infrared C light sprectrum (far-infrared). The water filter has filtered out the infra B and C spectrum.
wIRA penetrates deeper and increases the temperature in the deeper layers more effectively than conventional infrared lamps:
Thermographical comparison of skin surface temperatures in the lumbar region 12 minutes after beginning of irradiation with water-filtered infrared-A (left) and conventional infrared (right) with the same irradiance: the skin surface temperature is higher in case of irradiation with conventional infrared (presented in the thermography), while temperature in 1 cm depth of tissue is higher when irradiating with water-filtered infrared-A. So water-filtered infrared-A presents a high tissue penetration combined with a low thermal load to the skin surface.
Reference: Gerd Hoffmann Principles and working mechanisms of water-filtered infrared-A (wIRA) GMS Krankenhhyg Interdiszip. 2007; 2(2): Doc54.


All but the very simplest cameras have compound lenses composed of
several small lens elements. Zoom lenses and high-end professional
lenses may have many components.
When light strikes a glass surface, most of the light passes
through the glass (refracts) but a little bit of it reflects off of
it. In compound lenses, light can bounce between the lens components
and create spots of light on the final photograph.
If the light source is behind or to the side, not much light from
it falls directly on the lens. This is what you want. You want your
light to bounce off your subject and into your lens. But if you point
your lens so that the light source shines into it a little, you'll get
a lens flare.
But the lenses used on
the Apollo missions were the finest available, custom made by Zeiss. They shouldn't have shown any
Manufacturers of high-quality lenses (including Zeiss) have
developed chemical coatings which reduce the reflectiveness of their
lenses. Under most conditions this would have reduced or eliminated
lens flare. Even with low-end lenses, it requires a very bright light
source and a certain small cone of camera-and-light angles to produce
a lens flare.
The primary responsibility for eliminating lens flare lies with
the photographer, not the lens maker. The person behind the camera
should be aware of lighting angles and adjust the scene accordingly.
This is what all professional (and even most amateur) photographers
do, and so you rarely see lens flare in other types of photographs.
But the astronauts were not concerned with aesthetics. Their
overriding goal was to document the mission, and that called for them
to take pictures at whatever angle was appropriate. And they didn't
have the benefit of a viewfinder either.
Fig. 2 was taken on the lunar surface with a Zeiss Biogon lens, the
best available wide-angle lens. Fig. 1 shows a cross-section of a
modern Biogon lens for a Hasselblad SWC camera.
Fig. 1 - Cross section of the lens elements in the
modern Zeiss Biogon T 4.5/38, a
descendent of the lens developed for the Apollo missions.
The horizontal line represents the optical axis.
(Courtesy Zeiss, used by permission)
The dotted horizontal line represents the optical axis. The
curved white shapes are the lens elements. Each is a precisely ground
disc of glass with the cross-section shown, coated with transparent
anti-reflective coatings. The vertical lines represent the f-stop
Some of the lens elements are fixed in position in the lens
barrel. Others are mounted in a moveable frame attached to the focus
ring. They can move backward and forward along the optical axis to
change the focus.
Ironically the Biogon lens was chosen because it was the
wide-angle lens least susceptible to focal and chromatic distortion.
Correcting for that can only be accomplished by having the many lens
elements shown in the diagram. The number of elements increases the
chance that a lens flare will occur.
Fig. 2 displays several lens artifacts. The two very bright white
spots at upper left are images of the sun reflected between the
lenses. They are distorted by the curved surface, otherwise they'd
appear circular. If you look carefully you can see a diagonal line of
weaker reflections that includes the two bright ones.
Fig. 2 - A typical Hasselblad photograph showing
several lens artifacts. (NASA: AS11-40-5873)
The large irregularly shaped area of increased brightness is a
reflection of the aperture, the mechanical device adjusted by the
f-stop control (see Exposure).
The streak at the upper right is probably the reflection of
another internal component.
The soft-edged patch of brightness taking up the top part of the
sky is the image of light striking some substance on the lens. It
could be the anti-reflective coating, or more likely fine lunar dust
on the lens. The astronauts had to constantly brush the camera lenses
to keep dust from accumulating on them.


Teleconverter Tip: Sometimes we push our lenses to the limit and they require a bit of assistance to get the shot we desire. A teleconverter can quickly become your best friend in such situations. A teleconverter allows you to increase the magnification of your telephoto or telephoto zoom lens by attaching to the end of the lens. A tele-converter can also be very useful in macro photography because it can enlarge the central part of the image captured by the primary lens.
We have a variety of tele-converters for every use and budget. Tele-converters are very popular additions to many photographer's kits, but they can come with a hidden price.
Adding tele-converter magnification can subtract camera automation. Most digital SLR's require a maximum open aperture of at least f/5.6 in order for autofocus and autoexposure to work properly. By adding a tele-converter behind a lens we decrease the amount of light entering the camera, essentially reducing the maximum aperture. A 2X converter on a standard 75-300 f/5.6 zoom lens reduces the maximum aperture to about f/11.0.
Tele-converters have been around for decades, they do the job as advertised. However be prepared to manually focus your camera's lens with a tele-converter mounted. Under bright, sunny conditions your camera may be able to achieve proper exposure readings, but under less than ideal conditions you will need either a hand held light meter or a workaround.
The easiest workaround is to take a meter reading through your camera before mounting the tele-converter. Make sure that the camera's exposure mode is set to Aperture (Av) and that the reduced aperture value of the lens plus converter are dialed in. Then after mounting the converter set the camera in Manual exposure mode and dial in your previous meter reading. As the light changes the photographer may have to take new readings to compensate.
Using a tele-converter is a balance between choices. On the one hand a tele-converter is much less expensive than a new, longer lens. On the other hand the cost savings comes at the expense of a little less reliance on camera automation.
Even with the loss of some automation tele-converters remain a popular digital camera lens accessory. As long as the photographer understands the limitations imposed, a tele-converter is a great way to expand the potential of anyone's lens kit.


The correction of aniseikonia with opthalmic lenses
- 337 Pages
- 1.37 MB
- 2293 Downloads
Lancaster Press , Lancaster, PA
Eye -- Diseases -- Treat
|Other titles||Journal of the Optical Society of America.|
|Statement||Kenneth N. Ogle.|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||p. 323-337 :|
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Studies of the anionic polymerisation and copolymerisation of oG methyl styrene and isocyanates.
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development of intersensory patterning with regards to selected spatial dimensions.
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Zero verging power which change the apparent size of the object without materially changing the The correction of aniseikonia with opthalmic lenses book of the light which enters the eye.
Lenses designed to have zero verging power for a visual distance of 75 cm. A 6% size lens was prescribed for the right eye with 2 prism diopters base in and 1 prism diopter base down. A 10 D BC spectacle lens in CR (n=) and mm center thickness was prescribed OD, matching the BC of the plano magnifier used over the patient’s contact lens correction for residual post-surgical aniseikonia (Figure 3).
The other half of the book is dedicated to the resolution of a very varied set of practical cases, which allow us to learn to correct aniseikonia with contact lenses, glasses or a combination of : Mo Jalie. The intraocular lens is widely accepted today for the correction of aphakia and there is increasing use of intraocular lenses of power calculated to control the refractive outcome for each individual patient.
The surgeon is offered the choice of intraocular lens power for Cited by: 2. Results: The mean and standard deviations of the vertical and horizontal aniseikonia in the use of glasses with stock ophthalmic lenses and with size lenses were, respectively, % ± % and. In older optometric/ophthalmic textbooks, rules of thumb have been defined to correct aniseikonia, without actually testing for the amount of aniseikonia.
These rules are based on Knapp's law, which deals with an image size difference as projected onto the retina in anisometropia (i.e., only optical effects are taken into account).
Aniseikonia What is aniseikonia and why should anyone care. There are two types of aniseikonia – static aniseikonia, in which the size of an image is different in each eye, and dynamic aniseikonia, in which the eyes are forced to track vertically and laterally at different rates.
Download The correction of aniseikonia with opthalmic lenses EPUB
The SHAW™ lens is designed specifically to solve aniseikonia. Static aniseikonia commonly occurs as a result. Treatment for aniseikonia usually involves corrective lenses ground to address the problem and stabilize image size.
For people with an existing prescription to correct refractive errors, these lenses need to be specially made to address the underlying vision problem and the aniseikonia. This post covers my notes from Chapter 21 in the System for Opthalmic Dispensing. It includes anisometropia and its associated effects (amblyopia, aniseikonia, anisophoria, and vertical imbalance), ways to correct vertical imbalance, slab off, balance lenses, and using lenses for cosmetic effects over a blind eye.
Anisometropia: the good, the bad, and the difficult Anisometropia is, simply, a. The results clearly indicate that contact lens correction in all types of anisometropia reduces the amount of aniseikonia, so from now on don't think -- fit contact lenses.
The visit to the BCLA conference was supported by Bausch & Lomb Softens Ltd. References Amer, R.S. () Eikonometer Measurements in Anisometropia with Spectacles and. correction of anisometropia with glasses and contact lenses dipl.-ing.(fh) gustav pÖltner, lect.
vdc/o, ecoo cl- institut –miller –innsbruck / austria fh-gesundheit-tirol –innsbruck / austria htl-kolleg-optometrie, hall in tirol / austria university of applied sciences –velika gorica / croatia •aniseikonia –measuring- and. The treatment plan included single vision iseikonic lenses with % size magnification over the right eye for distance use.
Follow-up at 1 and 2 months revealed comfortable adaptation and significant reduction of symptoms. Iseikonic lenses with full correction of the aniseikonia were also dispensed; however, relief was less optimal with this.
Thus, two of four lens-related factors that contribute to aniseikonia, base curve and lens thickness, are removed from consideration. Step 2: Distinguish Axial vs Refractive Aniseikonia. Graham L. Dick, Location of conjugate points in an optical system with particular reference to the estimation of aniseikonia in the pseudophakic eye, Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, /jtbx, 13, 2, (), ().
SHAW lens are lenses that correct aniseikonia and anisophoria, software that calculates image difference and rotational magnification may be downloaded.
Carol Sidofsky. August 4, Thank you very much. By “googling”, I just figured out that I have aniseikonia (smaller images seen in left eye, compared with right eye). I just had cataract. Aniseikonia is a condition that results from an excessive difference in the prescription between the eyes.
This causes a difference in image size perceived between the eyes from unequal magnification, and can manifest with symptoms of headache, dizziness, disorientation, and.
Contrary to Knapp's Law our results indicate that spectacles (equal retinal image size) produced significantly greater degrees of aniseikonia than contact lenses (unequal retinal image size).
Hyperopic subjects show perceptual magnification and myopes perceptual minification with the more metropic eye. Aniseikonia can appear in unilateral aphakia, meridional anisometropia, anisophoria, after monocular cataract surgery and in clients with different density of photoreceptor on the retinas.
Bracket test assesses the client’s retinal images on every eye separately but under binocular conditions. The design of iseikonic lenses is a tool given to opticians to correct aniseikonia. Aniseikonia is defined as a difference in the size and/or shape of the ocular images corresponding to.
Free Download Ophthalmic Optics, Spectacle Lenses and Dispensing Ebook. This is intended for students and trainees in optometry, ophthalmology and opticianry.
Included are 35 instructional videos and animations, color photographs and figures, and over glossary terms for reference and self-testing. The ten chapters include. Aniseikonia only requires correction if there is good correctable vision in both eyes.
The general rule of thumb is that if one eye is not correctable to 20/60 or better then fusion of the images will not take place anyway, so a special lens design to correct for image magnification differences is not appropriate. Treatment. Optical aniseikonia due to anisometropia can be corrected by spectacles, contact lenses or refractive corneal surgeries.
Spectacle correction is done by changing the optical magnification properties of the auxiliary optics (corrective lenses).The optical magnification properties of spectacle lenses can be adjusted by changing parameters like the base curve, vertex distance, and.
Anisometropia is referred to when the eyes are differently deficient. Anisometropia or non-equilibrium is understood to be the difference in vision of both eyes, which is different in type or extent. This may be a refractive anisometropia (both ey. Spectacle Lens Curvature and Thickness Spectacle Lens Aberrations, Lens Design and Aspherics Lensometry and Verification Spectacle Lens Materials, Tints and Coatings Prisms, Centration and Decentration Spectacle Magnification and Aniseikonia Multifocals Progressive Addition Lenses (PALs) The user can: Tap on the blue text to reveal glossary terms.
Accordingly, this lens is a novel aniseikonia lens with progressive magnification with or without an optical effect of the conventional type for near vision and far vision and without an additional near correction which effects a continuously increasing image magnification of from 2% to 6% when the line of vision is lowered, i.e., this lens is.
Ophthalmic lenses dispensing, Ophthalmic lenses dispensing, کتابخانه الکترونیک و دیجیتال - آذرسا. Aniseikonia Test. The Awaya aniseikonia test in book format for near vision is based on red-green separation. The test comprises 24 test images showing red and green semi-circles.
The test person’s task is to compare the size of the semi-circles as they appear to one eye and to the other.
Details The correction of aniseikonia with opthalmic lenses FB2
11 degrees minus aniseikonia Degrees should have been percentage, but I knew what they wanted, that the image of the right eye needed to be 11% smaller to correct the aniseikonia, or the image in the left eye 11% larger, or a combination of both.
My estimate of his corrected VA was OD 20/20 minus OS 20/ Aniseikonia after epiretinal peeling and lens implant can't be THAT rare.
My symptoms are identical to some posted here and on other threads - approx. 10% larger image size in the operated eye.
Description The correction of aniseikonia with opthalmic lenses FB2
It is not field dependent as far as I can tell, nor does it give me headaches or dizziness. The increased popularity of refractive surgery, intraocular lenses, and penetrating keratoplasty has resulted in larger numbers of anisometropes with aniseikonia. We have analyzed the effects of the new high index glass and plastic spectacle lens materials on the design of eikonic lenses.
Buy Clinical Optics 2nd edition () by Troy E. Fannin for up to 90% off at Aniseikonia, a term coined by Dr Walter Lancaster inis an anomaly of binocular vision in which the ocular images are unequal in size, shape, or both.
(The ocular image is the final impression received in the higher cortical centers, involving the retinal image with modifications imposed by anatomic, physiologic, and perhaps psychological properties of the entire binocular visual apparatus.).-By Ophthalmic lenses -Thick lens with parallel front and back surface that induces optical magnification without having refractive power -Designed for evaluation and correction of aniseikonia -Only the shape factor influences the total magnification of size lens.
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Green Line Laser Level
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Green Line Laser Level, IP65 Water/Debris Resistant, 12V MAX Lithium Ion, Integrated Magnetic Bracket w/ 1/4" and 5/8" Thread.
The DEWALT DW088LG cross line laser level projects bright crossing horizontal and vertical lines for various leveling and layout applications. This laser maintains full brightness for visibility and extended range. A DEWALT 3 year limited warranty is included with this laser for added peace of mind.
Also known as: 076174773729, DW088LG, DEWDW088LG
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On the morning of 28 December, the high-tech Eye Hospital officially opened at 203 Nguyen Tu Tan street, Quang Ngai City. This is the first private eye hospital in Quang Ngai province.
The hospital has its scale of 10 beds, 04 clinical and sub-clinical wards and qualified doctors specializing eye treatment and Phaco surgery.
The hospital has been equipped with modern machines such as eye microscope camera to record images lesions, eye ultrasound, surgical microscopy, laser machine and Phaco surgery system, etc.
With these devices, the hospital will do activities of examination and treatment of the eye diseases, long-sighted and near-sighted eyes, measuring glasses, Phaco surgery, cataract treatment, peeling flesh and glaucoma treatment, etc.


UV Lamp Tube Specification
The 9W 365nm UV light lamp tube is suitable for 9W, 36W and 54W UV nail lamps. U-shaped light tube is great for gel curing, and its 365nm wavelength is no harm to the eyes, although not recommended to look directly to the light. The product is uniquely packaged and 360°surrounded by foam to avoid any damages during packaging and shipping.
1. Power: 9W
2. Wave-length: 365nm
3. Color: White
4. Model: U-shape
6. Dimensions: (16.5 x 2.5)cm / (6.50 x 0.98)" (L x W)
7. Weight: 35g/1.23oz Package Weight: 52g/1.83oz
8. Material: Durable glass
9. 100% brand new and high quality Lamp Bulb for UV nail lamp
1 x MelodySusie 9W U-shaped 365nm Bulb for UV Nail Lamp
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Factory Cheap Hot Simple Installation Light Fitting - 60cm Led Tube Light - LED Alu.-Plastic Tube – Jiatong – Jiatong
Factory Cheap Hot Simple Installation Light Fitting - 60cm Led Tube Light - LED Alu.-Plastic Tube – Jiatong – Jiatong Detail:
|Description||With internal isolated power supply; Use the most mature international well-known LED as the light source, which can ensure the led tube brightness and long lifetime, also can reduce the light decay. Use the high quality aluminum PCB for LED s better heat dissipation. High-grade PC cover with nice light transmittance (>95%), Transparent PC cover and frosted PC cover are available. No mercury, lead or other hazardous materials; no radiation, no electromagnetic radiation, no frequency flash, instant startup, no hurting eyes. 135 rotatable and lockable end capsincluding afine sacle fo|
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We stick to our enterprise spirit of "Quality, Efficiency, Innovation and Integrity". We aim to create more value for our customers with our rich resources, advanced machinery, experienced workers and excellent services for Factory Cheap Hot Simple Installation Light Fitting - 60cm Led Tube Light - LED Alu.-Plastic Tube – Jiatong – Jiatong, The product will supply to all over the world, such as: Poland , Juventus , Angola , we rely on own advantages to build a mutual-benefit commerce mechanism with our cooperative partners. As a result, we have gained a global sales network reaching the Middle East, Turkey, Malaysia and Vietnamese.
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Optoelectronics experts working on photometer for heliospheric research in NASA experiment
Scientists from the Space Research Centre PAS and the Institute of Optoelectronics of the Military University of Technology will join forces in measurements necessary to design the GLOWS photometer, an instrument for studying solar wind.
Optoelectronics experts will examine interference EUV (extreme ultraviolet) filters and optical surface coatings of the device developed as part of a NASA mission. Preliminary measurements were carried out in 2020 by Col. Professor Przemysław Wachulak (Rector-Commandant of the Military University of Technology), Dr. Andrzej Bartnik and Tomasz Fok from Professor Henryk Fiedorowicz's team.
According to Dr. Maciej Bzowski, head of the GLOWS experiment team from the Department of Solar System Physics and Astrophysics of the Space Research Centre PAS, the research conducted at the Military University of Technology laboratories was necessary for the successful completion of the GLOWS experiment development phases.
DETECTORS FOR STUDYING SOLAR WIND
The GLObal solar Wind Structure (GLOWS) is a photometer for fluorescent observation of heliospheric hydrogen glow in the Solar System. Data obtained thanks to the photometer will enable studying the dependencies of the solar stream on the heliographic width and the interplanetary distribution of interstellar hydrogen.
The GLOWS experiment is part of NASA's heliospheric research missions. The Interstellar Mapping and Acceleration Probe (IMAP) mission assumes that in 2025 a SpaceX rocket will carry the IMAP research satellite into orbit. It will be equipped with ten scientific instruments, one of which - GLOWS - is being developed at the Space Research Centre PAS in cooperation with the Military University of Technology.
This probe will work approx. 1.5 million km from Earth near Lagrange Point L1. This is a point in space where the gravitational forces of the Earth and the Sun balance each other. As a result, a probe placed in its vicinity can more easily maintain a constant position relative to the Earth and the Sun.
DIFFICULT TERRESTRIAL MEASUREMENTS IN A VACUUM
The Military University of Technology laboratories will measure the parameters necessary to design the GLOWS photometer and test its operation. One of such parameters is called bi-directional reflection and scattering function of Lyman alpha radiation. This radiation is reflected from the optical surfaces of the photometer, covered with a special, very black material that strongly absorbs radiation. Researchers will also examine the characteristics of spectral permeability of optical filters that will be used in this device.
In 2020, Col. Professor Przemysław Wachulak, Dr. Andrzej Bartnik and Tomasz Fok measured the radiation transmitted by a filter intended for the selection of electromagnetic radiation near Lyman alpha, on a wavelength of about 120 nm, dispersed at different angles, on the supplied, specially blackened material.
Dr. Maciej Bzowski explains that laboratory measurements in a very far, so-called vacuum ultraviolet are difficult. They require generating the radiation itself, which can be obtained, for example, by a huge power laser pulse production of plasma, which emits this radiation. The measurement itself must take place in a high vacuum.
He said: “The Military University of Technology is one of the few institutions in Poland that have this type of technology and laboratory experience allowing to use it.”
PAP - Science in Poland, Karolina Duszczyk
kol/ ekr/ kap/


Boston Dynamics has so far refused to allow its robot dogs to be used as weapons. The weapons manufacturer “Sword” has now developed a similar robot-like dog with a sniper rifle attached.
The new war machine was shown at the US military exhibition AUSA in Washington. The armed robot is able to fire precisely within a range of up to 1200 meters. The system called SPUR (Special Purpose Unmanned Rifle) is controlled remotely.
Thanks to its sensors, SPUR can be used both day and night. According to Sword, the equipment includes a thermal imaging camera, a 30‑x optical zoom, and a special ceramic coating that is supposed to offer camouflage options and protection against modern night vision systems.


800mm manual focus lens - So far so good bryan adams download free
8G ED is one of Nikon' s widest prime lens offerings is part of a lineage of fast sharp full frame primes. Replicating a similar original concept of the AF TC- 16 for the Nikon F3AF SLR camera Nikon was damn slow in introducing their various AF Nikkor lenses , this autofocus optical teleconverter is designed specifically for some of the earlier AF Nikon SLR camera models where during those days the TC- 16A was served as an interim measure to. 6 IS USM Some photographers may prefer a “ prime” lens that offers a single focal length – such as the Canon EF 35mm f/ 2 IS – to a zoom lens to ensure consistent picture quality. 86 is the shortest of any lens in its class with an f/ 4 lens speed.
For 17 years with the most detail , byThom has provided the best books on Nikon cameras clarity you' ll find. The Nikkor 24mm F1. Special- Purpose.
6E FL ED VR AF- S TELECONVERTER TC800- 1. The camera has a dual Pentax bayonet lens mount. ) From time to time you find yourself reading great reviews on some lenses or see a. What was this year' s best lens? In this article which are the very best lenses you can get, I' m going to cover the Dream Team, regardless of price how stupid- heavy they are. 800mm manual focus lens. Thom should have written the Nikon manual. Special- Purpose Micro. Coming in at just under $ 800 it' s a lot of lens for the price, but does its performance live up to the expectations? Leica M lens 6- BIT CODING From the introduction of the Leica M8 digital rangefinder all Leica M lenses were with a 6- BIT code so as to tell the camera which lens was mounted. I' ve been covering these for a long time almost all of them work great on Nikon FX digital cameras. The # 1 reader comment about Thom' s books? AF- S TELECONVERTER TC800- 1. Nikon AF Teleconverter TC- 16A Introduced in 1985/ 86. Nikon has been making FX lenses since 1959. AF- S NIKKOR 800mm f/ 5. ( The Camera to Lens Compatibility Chart has been updated 12- JAN- with the latest additions to the Nikon lineup the D5 Pro FX DSLR , the long awaited D500 the DX successor of the beloved D300/ D300s. 800mm manual focus lens. We' ve shot with a lot of this year' s most interesting lenses reviewed some but we want to know your opinion. Hi Madu I' d first make sure your camera is rock- steady as any small movement will be magnified by the lens , When using a telephoto lens with that magnification cause your image to be blurry. As well as additions to established mounts this year also saw newer systems grow substantially as ' road map' lenses became a reality. Telescope Main Body I. The body is in the style of an oversized 35mm SLR camera, by some referred to as a " Super SLR".
In spite of its 200mm focal length, its telephoto ratio of 1: 0. Finderscope Bracket G. A lot of lenses were released in, for a growing number of camera systems. But carrying around a bag of prime lenses is not practical.
800mm manual focus lens. Super- zoom lens: Canon EF- S 15 – 85mm / 3. Objective Lens ( not shown).
The Canon FD lens mount is a physical standard for connecting a photographic lens to a 35mm single- lens reflex camera body. The standard was developed by Canon of Japan and was introduced in March 1971 with the Canon F- 1 camera.
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It served as the Canon SLR interchangeable lens mounting system until the 1987 introduction of the Canon EOS series cameras, which use the newer EF lens mount. The Nikon F- mount is a type of interchangeable lens mount developed by Nikon for its 35mm format single- lens reflex cameras. The F- mount was first introduced on the Nikon F camera in 1959, and features a three- lug bayonet mount with a 44 mm throat and a flange to focal plane distance of 46. The company continues to use variations of the same lens mount specification for its film and.
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RECOMMENDED for its outstanding optical and mechanical quality; a bargain for professional sports, portrait, nature and landscape use. for all formats, including 35mm and full- frame. Metal 72mm filter thread.
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/ 1, 412g with tripod offers 534 canon lens to pentax adapter products. About 55% of these are lens adapters, 35% are camera lens, and 1% are machining.
A wide variety of canon lens to pentax adapter options are available to you, such as free samples, paid samples. 5 Fisheye Lens for Nikon D7500, D7200, D7100, D7000, D5500, D5300, D5200, D5100, D3400, D3300, D3200 and D3100 Digital SLR Cameras.
INSTRUCTION MANUAL FOR 804AZ3 Alt- Azimuth Mount: AZ3 Optical Tube: 80mm/ 400mm Telescope Main Body Piggyback Bracket Finderscope Finderscope Bracket Dust Cap / Mask ( Remove before viewing) Finderscope Allignment Screw Dew Cap / Sun Shade Focus Locking Screw Focus Tube Objective Lens. View and Download Nikon D60 user manual online. Northern Industrial Tools Digital Camera User Manual. D60 Digital Camera pdf manual download. Also for: B0012ogf6q - d60 10.
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Luraline Lighting continues to incorporate the latest LED technology into existing fixtures while adding and refining our product line. Check this section of our website for the latest news from Luraline Lighting.
TurboLED Light Source - Color
TurboLED offers the full spectrum of color temperatures, rendered with LED technology that creates rich, vibrant, and consistent lighting to suit any specification requirement.
TurboLED Light Source - Performance
TurboLED is a new high-performance light source from Luraline Lighting that will completely change the way you look at lumens. With TurboLED you can decrease the cost of each lumen by as much as 50% over typical LED light sources while improving overall light quality.


| Wuhan Lead Laser Co.,Ltd |
Wuhan Lead Laser Co. , Ltd is a high-tech corporation located in Optics Valley of China, Wuhan. ...
Wuhan Lead Laser Co.,Ltd - Alberta
Wuhan Lead Laser Co., Ltd is a high-tech corporation located in Optics Valley of China, Wuhan. The main products are Diode-pumped Large Scale Laser Sub-surface Engraving Machine, 3D Portrait Laser Sub-surface Engraving System, Green Laser Marking Machine, Diode End-pumped Laser Marking Machine, Special Laser Marking Machine, Diode Side-pumped Laser Marking Machine, Laser Online Marking Machine and CO2 Laser Marking machine. The self-developed Engraving Machine and the Diode End-Pumped Marking Machine are keeping ahead of the world. The products are exported to more than 30 countries world wide.
The company owns powerful R&D strength and has gained several patents in the field of laser application. In the company, there is an integrative team consists of a large number of hi-tech professional and laser experts. At the same time, based on domestic and international cooperation with Laser Scientific Research Institutes in China and the laser companies in Occident, Lead Laser develops and manufactures advanced laser machines to meet the varying market demand.
There is a good news to announce~
Our company developed a Green Laser Subsurface Engraving & Flying Surface Marking Machine, it specially used to engrave anti-fake label inside glass bottles, without any touch on the bottle surface. Really guarding against counterfeit for wine, perfume etc.
This anti-fake technical is unique in the world recently...
|Address:||No. 5-2-4098, Guandong Technological & Industrial Park, Optics Valley of China , Wuhan , China (430074)|
|Phone:||86 27 87531790-604|
|Fax:||86 27 87531579|
|Cell Phone:||86 13397198710|


Ergonomics & Visibility
The driver’s workstation is designed ergonomically and customised to the driver’s requirements. Due to the excellent view in all directions, the driver can fully focus on the job. This leads to optimal conditions for high productivity during the entire operating period.
The CLARK SafeView@360 is a 360° camera system that consists of four digital cameras, which give a complete 360-degree view to the driver. In this way, the driver has an excellent image of their surroundings, which increases safety during operation. By using digital cameras, it is also possible to generate a view from the bird´s eye perspective. The four individual cameras are used to form a common image in real-time. Especially the fork tips and the counterweight, these are precisely integrated into the seamless image displayed. Thanks to this perfect all-round visibility the application in narrow or unclear areas can be done more safely and quickly.
Modern Kubota Diesel Engine (55.4 kW)
• Complies with EU emission level 5 • Environmentally friendly • Maintenance-friendly • Robust and reliable • Low noise • Fully electronic motor control • Common rail injection optimized the combustion and reduces the fuel consumption
Proven PSI LPG Engine (4.3 L, 58.7 kW)
Low-fuel high-performance industrial engine.
Robust Upright And Fork Carriage Structure
• Two primary cylinders in triplex uprights ensure a wide vision window with maximum view • Robust 6-roller fork carriage • Adjustable canted load rollers • Optimum load distribution and low clearance


G95 Diamond Glass LED Edison Light Bulb 220V 3W 8 Pack
Benefits of LED filament lamps:
• Energy-saving, low heat, low power consumption, stable performance.
• Long life span, it can last 30000 hours.
• LED filament lamps offer aesthetically appealing designs combined with quality and energy efficiency.
• Perfect blend of traditional and cutting-edge technology.
• Great reducing carbon emission, environmentally friendly.
• With traditional incandescent lamp design, it can be easily accepted by common people.
• With 360° beam angle, the filament bulb can give out light omnidirectional.
• No radiation, no mercury, instant start, no flicker, no harm to human eyes.
• Does not contain lead, mercury and other pollution elements.


There is a variety of different typ
Because of the need to have fast shutter speed, it is important to be able to carry the camera around in one hand. If you can do this, you will have more flexibility when taking photos. A tripod can make taking pictures more stable.
Which Is The Best Type of Lens For Camera
The Zoom lens is the fastest. It has a maximum zoom that is about two times. These lenses also have a faster aperture and are easy to use in low light conditions. These lenses also provide higher contrast.
This type of lens for camera helps you focus on an object in your photo, which is impossible with other types of glass. By using a zoom lens, you can take multiple shots of a subject. You can choose between wide-angle and telephoto.
The ultra-wide-angle lens enables you to capture a wider angle in the same frame. This provides an excellent opportunity to show off your personality or to show off your artistic side. These types of lenses are perfect for portraits.
Choose The Correct Type of Lens For Camera
Another advantage of this type of lens for the camera is that you can choose from a wide-angle and ultra-wide angle. The ultra-wide-angle offers a broader range of perspectives. This is perfect for those who want to capture something from every aspect.
The focal length is the distance between the center of the lens. The shorter the focal length, the closer the picture is. It is ideal for sports photographers who want to get a close-up picture. The long focal length is excellent for people who want to get a full view of their subject.
The depth of field is the type of lens for a camera that provides a wide or a shallow depth of field. The effect is a blur that reduces the possibility of a photograph that is not crisp. Usually, the longer the lens, the more blurry the result.
Consider The Angles
Because of the choices of focal length and depth of field, the photographer must decide which type of lens for the camera is suitable for their style. For instance, if you like taking pictures of sunsets, you need to select a telephoto lens. Similarly, if you love taking pictures of cityscapes, you will want to consider long telephoto lenses.
The wide-angle is similar to the ultra-wide-angle in that it enables you to create a good blur. The problem with this type of lens for the camera is that you cannot tell if a landscape image is blurry because of the lens or because of the lighting. The focal length of the wide-angle lens is shorter than the telephoto.
There are no instructions on how to choose which type of lens for the camera is best for you. The best thing to do is to pick one out of the selections. You may find that you need to experiment with the different types of lenses for the camera to find the one that works best for you.
No matter what type of lenses for the camera you choose, it is important to understand how they work and what their purpose is. This will help you achieve the desired results when you are taking pictures. As you go along, you will see that it is easier to experiment with different lenses than you thought.


UV Curing Systems
The World’s Leading Manufacturer of High Performance UV Curing Systems
Miltec UV is a UV Equipment manufacturer that is dedicated to building long term relationships with our domestic and international customers by providing high quality UV curing systems at reasonable prices and with excellent customer service. Miltec UV provides global leadership in over 30 diverse manufacturing market segments by providing high quality, custom-designed UV Curing systems as well as UV replacement parts for Miltec and various other OEM systems. Miltec is uniquely positioned as one of the only UV equipment manufacturers in the world that designs and produces arc, microwave powered and UV LED systems.


|The Mighty Light is a compact white light source that is ideal for microscopy, spectroscopy, machine vision, and spectral imaging applications. The Mighty Light integrates a tungsten halogen bulb and power supply with a control board that delivers uniquely low-noise output. A series of pre-aligned bolt-on accessories allow the broadband output to be coupled into a fiber or fiber bundle, homogenized and collimated, directly coupled into a microscope, or integrated with our unique Wavelength Selector devices to create a tunable, monochromatic beam.
Key product advantages:
- Compact footprint (125 x 75 x 70 mm)
- ~ 2 watts of output
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- Broad continuous spectrum 350 nm ~ 2.5 μm
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I have had this camera since 2001, bought from jessops in the UK. Very good camera, sturdy as hell, built as a brick (and heavy as one too).
The Olympus IS-1000 (aka L-1000) is an autofocus 35mm single lens reflex camera with built-in 4× zoom lens. It was the first in Olympus‘ iS series of so-called ‘Zoom Lens Reflex’ cameras. The lens is a multi-coated 35-135mm f4.5/5.6 lens with 16 elements in 12 groups and including an ED (Extraordinary Dispersion) objective lens element, providing sharp and contrasty images of a quality approaching that of Nikon prime-lenses. The autofocus is a passive CCD line sensor. A “Power Focus” button allows manual focusing by means of electronic buttons.
This camera and the others in its range have a unique built-in flash, comprised of two flash tubes (the smaller of which provides a series of low-power pulses to reduce red-eye) and a very intelligent TTL flash control system based on distance from the subject rather than on reflected light. This flash system can’t be confused by dark subjects on a dark field, light subjects on a light field, etc.
Further, cameras in the early IS-series (IS-1000, IS-2000 and IS-3000) were capable of intelligently combining the built-in flash and the unique G-40 external flash (for example, handling direct fill-flash using the on-board flash unit and bounce flash using the G-40’s swivelling/tilting head) – a feature very far ahead of its time and not to be seen until the most recent crop of high-end Digital SLRs.


Canon f/2.8 EF 70mm-200mm Telephoto lens
$77Canon EF F/2.8 70MM-200MM ISII Telephoto Lens : The Canon EF IS II USM is a 70 - 200 mm f/2.8L telephoto zoom lens that captures detailed close-ups of small and distant objects. With a construction of 23 elements in 19 groups, this Canon camera lens effectively reduces aberrations in your photos. This 70 - 200 mm f/2.8L lens’s bright maximum aperture of f/2.8 allows you to take stunning shots even in low-lit conditions. Moreover, an image stabilization function in this Canon camera lens enables you to shoot sharp photos without requiring a flash or tripod. You can precisely control the amount of light passing through this Canon camera lens, using its eight diaphragm blades. Moreover, the Canon EF IS II USM easily accommodates 77 mm filters that offer protection from dust and scratches.


IntechOpen Author, Gérard Mourou, Wins Nobel Prize
All IntechOpen’s authors are exceptional scientists and researchers who work to improve the world around us. This year, one of their authors has been significantly recognized for his work and achievements in the field of physics, Gérard Mourou.
Together with a Canadian physicist Donna Strickland and an American physicist Arthur Ashkin, he’s received the 2018 Nobel Prize for Physics. The prize was awarded for the invention of chirped pulse amplification (CPA), which is a method of pulses of laser light of high power and short duration.
About Gérard Mourou
Born in France, Gérard studied physics at the University of Grenoble and earned his doctorate at the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris.
He is a professor and a member of the Haut Collége at the ÉcolePolytechnique. In 1977, he became a professor at the University of Rochester where he and Donna Strickland produced their Nobel winning work in the Laboratory for Laser Energetics.
In 1990, Mourou became the founding director of the Center for Ultrafast Optical Science at the University of Michigan.
Between 2005 and 2008, he was a director of the Laboratory of Applied Optics at the ÉcolePolytechnique and he managed to advance laser science in Europe by proposing Extreme Light Infrastructure.
In 2015, Gérard Mourou went to Bucharest for the Third Christmas Lecture where he presented “Breaking Through the Unknown: Extreme Light, Science to Art”.
As an author at IntechOpen, Mourou contributed a chapter to “Second Harmonic Generation Under Strong Influence of Dispersion and Cubic Nonlinearity Effects”.
Gérard’s Work and Achievements
By stretching laser pulses in time to reduce their peak power, then amplifying them and compressing them, Gérard Mourou and Donna Strickland have created ultrashort high-intensity laser pulses that don’t destroy the amplifying material.
This work allows for extremely precise cuts to be made, and the technique is already being used for corrective laser eye surgeries. It’s useful in scienceand medicine, and it is expected to also have a major impact on cancer therapy and other physics research in the future.
Throughout his career, Gérard Mourou has received many awards for his research and work. Besides the Nobel prize, in 1995, he’s received the R. W. Wood Prize by the OSA, and in 1997 the SPIE Harold E. Edgerton Award.
He’s also been the recipient of IEEE LEOS Quantum Electronics Award, the Willis E. Lamb Award for Laser Science and Quantum Optics, the Charles Hard Townes Award, and Frederic Ives Medal.
Previously he’s published with IntechOpen, making his work highly accessible to the public throughout his career.


Doosan Infracore Europe has launched what is apparently an industry first - a ‘transparent bucket’ for its wheel loaders.
The new device is not truly transparent, of course, but employs top and bottom cameras to provide drivers with a clear view of blind spots in front of the machine. The system captures images, which are then displayed on the cab monitor in real time.
The area in front of the machines has long been an area of concern in terms of safety, which the new system now mitigates. Another advantage is that it can improve work efficiency by providing a forward-view during loading/unloading or when carrying materials such as aggregates, sand and soil.


Laser Engraving Systems
What are LASERS?
“LASER” is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The radiation in this case is a wavelength of light and that light is transferred into a coherent monochromatic beam of light energy. Think of the beam of light as one wavelength of light intensely bounced back and forth between a source and then shot out in either a continuous or pulsed wave. We isolate the wavelengths by shooting the beam of light through different mediums.
These mediums produce common wavelengths, such as 355nm (UV), 1064nm (Fiber), and 10,600 (CO2). Different wavelengths are absorbed by different materials. Each laser has a laser source that allows light to pass through it amplifying the effect. The photons are then bombarded onto the surface of the product where they burn/etch the image. LASERS are considered permanent and are an excellent way to quickly apply an image that is counterfeit resistant.
parts of a laser
Three of the critical components of the laser are the laser source, the galvanometer (also called a galvo), and the lens. The source builds the energy and then shoots the energy into the galvanometer. The galvanometer redirects this energy through a series of rotating mirrors onto the part through the lens. To the left we can see the power supply for the galvo along with the red light generator. The red light generator allows a separate laser image to be cast onto the part before the part is marked to insure the mark is exactly where the operator wants it.
On the right is an image of the galvo with the lens removed and the laser moving the galvanometer’s mirrors quickly in rapid succession over the part.
Different Wavelengths for Different Substrates
Materials absorb different wavelengths at different rates. This means one source (or one laser type) could mark one substrate but might not mark another. For example, clear substrates and ceramics usually do not react to fiber lasers but usually mark easily with UV lasers.
Software Equals Flexibility
Our easy-to-use software is based on EZCAD which allows users to import graphics, create shapes, write words, and adjust text size and font to create dynamic imaging and so much more. This means images can change on-the-fly. All of our laser systems come pre-loaded with the ability to mark bar codes, QR codes, micro-QR Codes, automatically count items, time stamp, increase serial numbers, and more.
Want to place a QR code directed to a specific website? It is easy with software that does the heavy lifting for you. Just type and go.
3D Capabilities and Rotational Printing
Round parts add a degree of difficulty when printing due to the Z-axis (height) changing. There are two ways to combat this. Using a 3D laser will allow a 90-degree portion of the round part to be printed on without rotating it. Our software provides rotational printing capabilities straight out of the box. Hook up a chuck adjustable rotary to allow automated part rotation for easy rotational printing.
Laser safety is essential. Improper use can result in damage to operator skin and eyes. Marking lasers are all classified as Class 4 lasers, which is the highest classification of lasers, and can cause devastating eye damage, significant skin damage, and ignite substrates.
Automark lasers can be manufactured with FDA certified enclosures to insure a Class 4 laser is reduced to Class 1, which is the safest type of laser possible. It is important to discuss your safety concerns with your Automark representative prior to purchasing.
Need Something Custom?
Have a special project or need special considerations? We have you covered. Whether it is robotic integration, like the machines shown here, or special fixturing, we can build and assemble a laser system to fully accommodate your group’s requirements. We begin by learning about the integration of the product and then build it, virtually, for your approval before we have it built, physically. The result?
A one-of-a-kind solution specially designed for your unique application. The cost? The prices of these custom systems are very comparable with standard models. Contact us today to learn how we can help your group.


Photography is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation. Shooting can be chemical, using a light-sensitive materials, such as photographic film, even by electronic way, using the image sensor.
Digital photography, unlike the classic photography, does not use film, but generates an image through the electronic sensor as a set of binary data. This allows the preparation and editing of imagesto be made by a computer . Today, digital cameras except saving a picture, can also record video and sound data.


When we started designing the Framework Laptop in 2019, building in a great webcam was near the top of our list of priorities. Laptops have been stuck with low resolution cameras with tiny sensors delivering smudgy, grainy images for far too long. The huge increase in remote working and video conferencing in 2020 brought that problem into even clearer focus. We’re happy to share that we’ve achieved a substantial improvement in image and video quality by developing and incorporating a custom 1080p 60fps camera into the Framework Laptop.
We designed the camera system over the course of a year with Partron, a South Korea-based electronics manufacturer with deep experience in camera modules and sensors. Mass production is done at Partron’s Vietnam facility in a highly automated clean room environment.
We integrated a 1/6" OmniVision OV2740 sensor, which is significantly larger than the 1/8" or 1/10” sensors typical in notebooks. This allows for bigger 1.4 μm pixels to collect more light while enabling 1920x1080 resolution. This is paired with a wide 80° diagonal f/2.0 four element lens, using a blue glass IR filter for improved color performance. The sensor interfaces to the mainboard through a Realtek RTS5853 camera controller that supports advanced auto exposure and temporal noise reduction. All of this results in sharper images that look great over a broad range of lighting conditions.
As we studied how people use video conferencing, we knew that guaranteeing privacy was also crucial. To deliver on this, we built hardware privacy switches into the Framework Laptop for both the camera and the microphones. When the corresponding switch is turned off, the camera or microphones are electrically disconnected, fully blocking them from being accessed. The camera LED is also hardware controlled, ensuring that the image sensor can’t be powered without the indicator turning on.
We’re excited to enable the future of work with a great camera built directly into a great laptop, and we’re looking forward to hearing your feedback on it when we ship later this year.


Nikkon just announced first mirrorless Z-series cameras and we all know it’s just a matter of time before Canon responds with something similar. It seems like the wait won’t be that long, as Nokishita and Canon Rumors have posted leaked images of the camera, its spec sheet, and details of what appears to be a lens lineup for the EOS R camera.
The EOS R is a 30.3-megapixel full-frame camera that comes with a horizontal-swivel touchscreen. Other specs of the EOS R includes being able to shoot 8 frames per second in continuous mode. You only be able to 4K videos at only 30FPS or 120FPS when you step down to 720. Other notable features include an OLED viewfinder with about 100 percent coverage.
The EOS R will come with 4 initial lens lineup of which two of them are zoom lenses, buyers will have the option to choose between the 24-105mm f/4L IS lens for your telephoto shots, two primes (35mm f/1.8 IS and 50mm f/1.2L) and a 28-70mm f/2L. For those of you who would like to use their old lens format, it seems like Canon is also launching three EOS lens adapters, rumored to have an option with a control ring and another with a drop-in filter mount.
According to Canon Rumors, details, Canon is slated to unveil the EOS R this Wednesday, September 5th, I guess that’s when we’ll get the pricing info.


PMMA lenses are conventional hard contact lenses made from a transparent rigid plastic material called polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).
PMMA lenses have excellent optical properties, but they do not allow for oxygen transfer to the cornea. The only way for this vital element to reach the cornea is for tears to wash underneath the lens with each blink. In order for this blink-induced, tear-pumping action to occur, PMMA lenses have to be made relatively small in size.
PMMA lenses have been replaced by gas permeable lenses and are rarely prescribed today.
Gas permeable (GP) contact lenses are rigid lenses made of durable plastic that transmits oxygen. Most GP contact lenses incorporate silicone, which makes them more flexible than PMMA. Silicone is oxygen permeable, so oxygen can pass directly through GP contact lenses to keep the cornea healthy.
They are designed for patients with keratoconus and irregular astigmatism and can be used to correct any type of refractive error. GP contacts are the best choice for individuals for whom soft contacts don’t produce the desired visual acuity.
It usually takes some time for eyes to adjust to gas permeable contact lenses when users first start wearing them.