2 Factors Individuals Do Not Really Understand In Connection With LASIK Eye Surgical ProceduresThe eye can be examined with relative ease as to both its function and its structure. A practical assessment includes the ability to move in the orbit and the response of the student to light and accommodation.
The function of the eye may be tested in several methods. The patient might be asked to recognize illuminated letter or objects of varying sizes on exactly what is called the Snellen chart.
Conversely, the evaluation of the structural part of the eye may be made in a number of methods. Tension within the eyeball is determined by a "tonometer." In particular diseases, especially in glaucoma, the tension in the eyeball is increased considerably.
It ought to be well remembered that a client with an eye issue might have other problems. Frequently other physical conditions are main and affect the eye as a repercussion. The appearance of the eye can alert the patient and the doctor to troubles in some disturbances of other parts of the body even prior to other symptoms present themselves.
As a result, one's reliance on sight is emphasized when one deals with a possible or short-term permanent loss of this crucial sense. When corrective procedures are looked for, particular kinds of vision correction such as contact lenses or spectacles are prescribed.
On the other hand, some people are bothered with the truth that they have actually some framed lenses or contact lenses in front of their eyes.
For this factor, advanced surgeries were developed to motivate decreased utilization of contact lenses or glasses. One of which is the now popular LASIK eye surgical treatment.
Basically, LASIK eye surgery is the short term for "Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis." Like its concrete equivalent, LASIK eye surgery is another form of vision correction. The only distinction is that with this type of surgical treatment, one's vision is remedied permanently.
With LASIK eye surgical treatment, the refractive mistakes in the cornea are permanently transformed. This can be done using an "excimer laser."
The main purpose of this surgery is to produce a threadlike, rounded "flap" in the cornea utilizing a blade referred to as "microkeratome." In a series of unfolding and laser processing, the cornea is lastly reformed, enabling better the eye to direct more light into the retina.
Popularity vs. Disadvantages
Amidst the growing popularity of LASIK eye surgical treatment, there are still disadvantages that people must understand. Probably, the main reason that this kind of eye surgical treatment has ended up being well accepted is because many of its cases had achieved success.
In spite of its success, there are still some downsides. Here is the list:
1. It is an operation applied to the most delicate part of the eye
Since LASIK eye surgery includes the operation of the retina, which is one of the most delicate portions of the eye, the majority of people state that the operation can be very risky.
Simply puts, a easy error could almost cause an individual's life time blindness. It is important to consider numerous elements prior to choosing whether LASIK eye surgical treatment is the best restorative step one has to undergo.
2. It is not a ideal procedure
LASIK eye surgical treatment may fix your vision however it does not always mean that it can provide you a twenty-twenty. Even if statistical reports show that 70% of the clients might have 20/20 vision, this does not always imply they have perfect vision too.
Provided all these things, it can be deduced that, in spite of the appeal of the operation, LASIK might not always website link be the ideal eye surgical treatment the way many check out this site people see it
On the other hand, the examination of the structural part of the eye might be made in a number of methods. It needs to be well kept in mind that a client with an eye issue may have other issues. Frequently other physical conditions are primary and affect the eye as a consequence. The look of the eye can signal the doctor and the client to difficulties in some disruptions of other parts of the body even before other symptoms present themselves.
Like its concrete counterpart, LASIK eye surgery is another form of vision correction.


for the oil, chemical and sewage industries
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Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by individual particles and suspended solids in water that individually may are generally invisible to the naked eye but collectively form the haze.
The measurement of turbidity is a key test of water quality and its measure can be used as an early warning that something has entered the drainage system. Increased turbidity is often associated with heavy rain where soil / clay can be washed into the water, however it can be used to detect substances such as milk, suspended powders, mixtures, paints, etc that could be spilt and enter the drainage system.
Modern sensors are available to measure turbidity. Many of these look at the optical properties of the medium either looking for optical transmission or back scatter (reflection).
By deploying turbidity sensors up stream in a drainage system it is possible to close of the exit from a site using a DrainstopperTMor FlapstopperTM at the exit from the site.


Digital High Speed Recording
Capture and record long time periods from high speed digital video cameras
- Up to 9GB/s
- Standalone ruggedized portable system up to 32 TB capacity
- 4U rack mounted server system up to 64 TB capacity
- Distributed multiple unit large area recording managed over a fiber network with centralized single screen administration.
- Uncompressed recording
- Packed real time data in 10, 12 and 14 bit video mode
- Pre Mid and Post triggers
- Circular buffers
- Customizable to end user specifications.
- Real Time image processing
- Native or IRIG-B timecode
- Automatic Exposure Control
- Automatic White Balance
- Optional tracking algorithms for 2D/3D/6DOF analysis


Tact Switch LED MultiColor (RGB) with Cap, THT Right Angle Version. This Led Tact Switch can be operated from above and from the side. The RGB LEDs can be controlled at will and thus almost all colors are available. The caps are available in black, silver and transparent as well as with different standard markings. Custom markings can also be implemented. You only need one switch for different colored applications. Suitable for a variety of applications such as Consumer / Gaming / Medical / Network / Automotive and Audio/Video.
TLS-76-R/81-xxx/xxxSx/6SZ, Tact Switch LED MultiColor (RGB) THT Right Angle Version. With Cap


The shadow is cast
A shadow is a dark area where light from a light source is blocked by an opaque object. It occupies all of the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light.
A shadow occupies a three-dimensional volume of space, but this is usually not visible until it projects onto a reflective surface. A light fog, mist, or dust cloud can reveal the 3D presence of volumetric patterns in light and shadow.
Fog shadows look odd to viewers who are not used to seeing shadows in three dimensions. A thin fog is just dense enough to be illuminated by the light that passes through the gaps in a structure or in a tree. As a result, the path of an object’s shadow through the fog becomes visible as a darkened volume. In a sense, these shadow lanes are the inverse of crepuscular rays caused by beams of light, but caused by the shadows of solid objects.


Crystalline silicon wafers solar cells dominate more than 90% of the total PV market share. Meanwhile, silicon must reinvent itself for both g/W and $/W reductions while maintaining high performance and reliability.
To meet this challenge, lower-cost feedstock materials are entering commercial production, including upgraded metallurgical route and modified Siemens. Quasi-mono ingot casting is moving to the picture. Kerfless methods for fabricating thin wafers promise to reduce the grams of silicon per peak watt by >2x. Novel methods for nucleating thin layers of silicon offer disruptive avenues with inherent cost and performance advantages.
While multiple technology pathways exist to reach $1/Wp installed PV system costs using silicon, fundamental scientific and engineering challenges must be overcome. Because the solar cell efficiency is strongly affected by the quality of the crystalline silicon, the development of the silicon materials technology, from the feedstock to crystal growth and wafering, is extremely important. It is therefore essential to exchange scientific information among world-wide specialists in physics as well as materials science and technology for crystalline Si solar cells.
To facilitate this exchange of information, the 6th International Workshop on Science and Technology of Crystalline Si Solar Cells will be organized in France for the first time after Japan (1st), China (2nd), Norway (3rd), Taiwan (4th) and USA (5th).


Real-time pixel-level fusion of colour and thermal (RGB-T) imagery via extrinsic optical alignment: Scope for automating building inspections
Keywords:Building Inspection, Real-time Fault Detection, RGB-T Fusion
Building inspections and energy surveys are performed to detect and diagnose building defects, however, existing inspection methods are highly labour intensive, time consuming, and not suitable for large-scale audits. This work presents a thermal-colour fusion technique using pre-capture optical alignment that eliminates the need for compute-intensive post-processing of data. The coinciding axes of dual cameras also prevent parallax errors, which helps expand its applications to near proximity or indoor thermal inspection as well. A prototype of this design was assembled and tested, which showed a pixel-level accurate alignment of thermal and colour camera imagery with minimal computation. The research and development in this paper provides scope and feasibility to automate building inspection techniques through drone-based low-powered embedded machine learning models and identify faults in real-time for large-scale surveys of building façades.
How to Cite
Copyright (c) 2022 M. H. Shariq, B. R. Hughes
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Light Emitting diode bulbs are fundamentally different from conventional incandescent lamps in terms of both structure and luminescence principles. Diodes are commonly used components in electronic circuits and are made of semiconductor PN junctions, with electrode leads and tube shells. Diodes have PN junction two electrodes, so called diodes. The diode has unidirectional conductivity.
There are many kinds of diodes, common detection tube, rectifier tube, regulator, switch tube, damping diode, light-emitting tube, photoelectric tube and so on. LEDs are usually made from semiconductor materials such as gallium arsenide and gallium phosphide, which glow when passing forward currents, and the color of the glow depends on the material used, emitting red, yellow, green, and infrared rays. Light emitting diodes are generally transparent plastic package, pin long for the positive, pin short for the negative. Some light-emitting diodes have three pins that emit two colors of light depending on the voltage of the pins.


Here at Osmond Drakes we strive to provide you with the best and most affordable options for your Spectacle lenses. We use both Hoya and Essilor as spectacle lens providers giving you the option to have any Spectacle lens you want.
SPECTACLE LENS MATERIALS
There are now many specialised materials available for creating spectacle lenses, so we can advise on the best possible lenses for you. Modern materials available include…
· Standard Plastic
· Airwear, a polycarbonate lens material, suitable for those with an active lifestyle. Light, thin and virtually unbreakable. Ideal for rimless spectacle frames
· Mid Index Plastic – thinner and lighter than the standard plastic
· High Index Plastic – remarkably thinner and flatter than conventional lenses that are suitable for higher prescriptions
· Very High Index Plastic – ideal for patients with strong prescriptions. It’s much thinner, flatter and lighter than standard high index lenses and reduces eye magnification considerably. So no matter how high your prescription you will look and feel much more natural
Sensity photochromic lenses were developed to react consistently to light, UV and temperature. They darken quickly when you step outdoors and fade back just as quickly to full clarity indoors. During these rapid transitions, total UV protection is maintained. So whether you are running errands on the high street, strolling in a shady park or relaxing on the beach,
Sensity photochromic lenses will adapt to every situation.
SPECTACLE LENS COATINGS
Everyone deserves the right to clear vision. Today, many spectacle wearers still haven’t tried anti-reflective lenses. Yet, once people give them a try they never go back to the visual discomfort of untreated versions. The discomfort can be caused by fingerprints, headlight glare on the road, eyestrain caused by computer screens and surface scatches.
We can offer a choice of coatings to overcome one or all 5 enemies of clear vision…
Your glasses saved my life – I had so much neck strain in work with my old glasses using the computer it was awful .”– J WILLIAMS
Everybody loses that bit of flexibility as they get older and that goes for the lenses inside our eyes as well as the rest of our bodies. This varies from person to person but for most people it becomes noticeable when they are in their forties.
WHEN DO YOU NEED VARIFOCALS?
Single vision lenses (reading glasses) only correct the reading area so you may get blurred vision at every distance beyond, so reading glasses can be on and off as you switch between near and far. Bifocals give you focus at two distances; near and far, but with a blurred mid area and an unflattering line across the lens. Varifocal lenses have three main focal areas smoothly blended into one for natural vision at every distance.
WHY BUY OUR VARIFOCALS?
We recommend the right Varifocal lens to fit your needs and work with you to make sure you get the best use out of them. If you have problems with your Varifocals we will help to ensure that they work right for you. We only use lens providers who have the latest lens technology to make sure that you have a quality Varifocal lens.
Everyone is unique, and their eyes are no different. Which is why at Osmond Drake Opticians we offer Personalised, bespoke Varifocal lenses. So that your Varifocals are tailored exactly to your needs, we use cutting edge technology to take special measurements and our Dispensing opticians will talk you through all your options as well as helping you choose the right frame for you.
HOYA VISION SIMULATOR
Not sure if Varifocal lenses are the right purchase for you? We have a solution, you can sample what your vision will be like with Varifocals before you take the plunge and buy them. We can show you this using the Hoya Vision Simulator allowing you to make an informed decision when picking the right Varifocal lens for you. Give us a call now and make an appointment to try the vision simulator.
HOYA ENROUTE LENSES
Do you have trouble with glare from headlights when driving, or just want your vision to be a little bit sharper?EnRoute is the solution. Developed to meet all the visual demands of today’s motorists, EnRoute lenses for driving are equipped with a specially developed Glare Filter. This absorbs light in the blue spectrum, significantly reducing light scatter and distracting glare from the dashboard, streetlights and oncoming traffic. With the reflections gone, more light passes through your lenses, improving contrast and brightness. The result is more comfortable, relaxed vision even in stressful driving situations. Ask us in store to find out how you could benefit from these great lenses.


The vast majority of varifocals work by setting optic power & astigmatism on interest points on the surface of a lens, with the setting through an algorithm known as B-splines. However, the lens surface is a continuous topography and points in between are solved through interpolation, which results in a big loss of control over the astigmatism and power in a very large area of the lens. Advances in lens design software and precision freeform equipment has provided us with new and exciting opportunities, enabling us to offer a wide range of high performance, state-of-the art-lenses. We do this by digitally modelling the optical lens surfaces with an infinite amount of control points, creating personalised ophthalmic lenses tailored to each patient. The instant result is significantly greater visual comfort and significantly wider fields of view.


Extra-low Dispersion (ED) glass offers superior sharpness with minimal chromatic aberration.
The PENTAX-original Quick-Shift Focus System allows instant switching from autofocus to manual focus operation.
The focal length is equivalent to 21mm in the 35mm format.
Developed specifically for PENTAX digital SLR cameras.
Winner of the American Photo Editor’s Choice award (2005).
Internal focus system to makes focusing smoother and faster.
The lens is treated with the acclaimed smc coating for maximum light transmission, sharp definition and high-contrast images.


Canandaigua sailor training to fix fiber optics
Machinist’s Mate 3rd Class Austin Mawdesley, of Canandaigua, is learning how to fix fiber optics in a Carrier-Advanced Reconfigurable Training System class aboard the USS Gerald R. Ford.
C-ARTS is designed to provide an alternative to traditional training methods and supplement gaps in U.S. Navy training pipelines. Ford is the first carrier in the fleet outfitted with fiber optic technology.
Mawdesley is assigned to the ship’s nuclear reactor department.


Photochromic Lenses, Practical with Maximum Protection
Photochromic lenses are a technological innovation placed for all users that wear all types of glasses. The special feature of this type of lens is that they adapt (darken) to natural light. They are suitable for different types of environments and climates: sunny, cloudy, rainy. In addition, its coloration is also affected in terms of the temperature to which they are subjected. In this way, glasses with photochromic lenses can be used both outdoors and indoors, since they adapt to the light they receive. In addition, this type of innovation provides protection against UVA and UVB rays and against annoying and harmful reflections for our visual health.
The eyes are one of the most sensitive organs of the human body and protecting them is of vital importance. UV rays are invisible, but threaten the health of our cornea even when the sun does not shine in all its splendour. Photochromic lenses include a protection specifically designed for UV rays, adapting to all types of light and keeping our corneas safe. The main characteristic of the photochromic lens is that they avoid putting the eyes in danger, adapting their properties to the existing luminosity without obstructing the vision.
Are not you tired of changing your glasses throughout the day? What moment in the afternoon is the right time to take off your sunglasses? The solution is found with photochromic lenses. Although this technology preserves its effectiveness for everyday wear or sports wear, it is more usual to find it implanted in everyday wear. This is because they for all types of climates and situations.
At Withsunglasses we have prepared a selection of glasses with photochromic lenses:
Glasses with photochromic lenses
Ray Ban Round Metal
The classic Ray Ban Round Metal now also includes photochromic lenses. Its metal frame is solid and comfortable, making this model suitable for every day use. Their lenses are lightened or darkened in grey scale and are of high quality.
The Carrera Eclipse sunglasses are ideal for snow sports: they are comfortable, lightweight and give great protection from the reflections of snow and direct sunlight. Their photochromic lens is a key choice for protection against the sun’s rays.
Ray Ban Aviator Evolve
The Ray Ban Aviator does not want to be left behind and always invest in innovation and technology. For this, we have been provided with this renewed model, with gold frame and green lenses, which are darkened or lightened in this colour scale. They are a stylish choice that will provide you with visual health and comfort.
Withsunglasses hope that the concept of photochromic lenses has been clarified for you. Now it’s up to you to choose the path of visual health and on sunglasses with photochromic lenses.


金鉴智能体温筛查机英文版介绍(Intelligent Infrared Fever Screening Machine)发布时间：2020-05-23
Intelligent Infrared Fever ScreeningMachine :
The Infrared Temperature measurement Machine of Big Data Body Temperature Monitoring, Face Recognition and Attendance Access Control
After the successful development of amicro-infrared thermal imaging system (Please check the article: Equipmentintroduction and case sharing of GMATG micro-infrared thermal distributionsystem金鉴显微红外热分布测试系统设备介绍和案例分享), GMATG has newlydeveloped the intelligent fever screening system, which can be used insupermarkets, schools and other crowded places.（Pleaseclick to see the introduction of the device in Chinese:金鉴智能体温筛查机——大数据体温监控+人脸识别+考勤门禁的红外测温设备）。
Intelligent infrared fever screeningmachine can screen body temperature rapidly. It is an infrared temperaturemeasuring device that integrates functions of big data body temperaturemonitoring, face recognition, attendance and access control. It has the advantagesof high-precision, fast temperature measurement, clear imaging and automaticalarm; and can be used for tracing people with abnormal temperature safely,accurately and rapidly.
Under the epidemic situation, Intelligentinfrared fever screening machine of GMATG can provide integrated functions oftemperature screening, attendance and access control. After the epidemic, itcan be used for attendance and access control.
Equipment R & D Background
Previously, GMATG has developed amicroscopic infrared thermal imaging system successfully, which is designed formicroscopic thermal imaging and is used to observe the infrared heatdistribution of micrometer-level chips. Based on the research of microscopicinfrared thermal imaging system technology, GMATG successfully developed anintelligent fever screening system that integrates infrared thermal imaging andface recognition. This system can be applied to body temperature screening incrowded places such as supermarkets, schools and so on.
▲A batch of Intelligent infrared feverscreening machine of GMATG have passedthe test and are out of the warehouse
Principle of thermometry
In nature, all objects can radiateelectromagnetic waves as long as their temperature is above absolute zero (-273° C). Thermal imaging mainly collects light in the thermal infrared band(8μm-14μm) of objects to detect thermal radiation emitted. Thermal imagingconverts thermal radiation into gray values, obtain temperature measurementalgorithm model (temperature gray curve) by the calibration of blackbodyradiation source to establish the precise aationship between the gray level andthe temperature, and to realize the temperature measurement function. Infraredthermal image has the advantages of safety, no radiation and no harm to humanbody.
Intelligent infrared fever screeningmachine of GMATG use the matrix thermopile sensor imported from Japan as thecore component of temperature measurement and combined with a unique human bodytemperature measurement algorithm to output body temperature. Besides, it useshigh-definition face recognition lens to integrate face recognition technology,voice interaction and thermal imaging technology, and use HD face recognitionlens to integrate face recognition technology, voice interaction and thermal imagingtechnology, to realize the function of identification, temperature measurementand body temperature monitoring of a large number of people quickly, helping tobuild the first line of defense for epidemic prevention and control in majorplace.
1. Body temperature monitoring: Schools,residential areas, supermarkets, banks, enterprise and institutions, government agencies, stations, docks andother densely populated entrances and exits.
2. Attendance and access control: Intelligentattendance and access control for factories, enterprise and institutions,government agencies, etc.
Features and functions
1.Intelligent automatic temperaturemeasurement, no need for labor, cost saving
Intelligent infrared fever screening machineofGMATG use imported infrared temperature measurement sensor, RGB and living bodydynamic binocular high-definition camera, and use dynamic face detectiontechnology that based on video stream. It can automatically capture the bodytemperature, and self-service rapid temperature measurement reduces labor costsand improves efficiency.
2.Non-contact temperature measurement,measure temperature accurately and rapidly.
It supports instantaneous continuoustemperature measurement, non-contact temperature measurement, which is saferand more hygienic during epidemic. It can measure the current temperature whenthe face is aligned with the screen face mask for 2~3 seconds (If there aresome outside factors that may affect the temperature measurement, measuretemperature continuously without changing posture).
3.Recognize the mask intelligently andautomatic remind you to put on the mask
Intelligent infrared fever screeningmachine of GMATG has the intelligently function of detecting the mask. Therewill a voice warning “please put on the mask” when detect people withoutwearing mask automatically, which improves the efficiency of check peoplewhether wears a mask or not.
4.Voice and screen double alarm whenmeasuring abnormal temperature, abnormal temperature data can be tracking.
In response to the current corona virusepidemic, Intelligent infrared fever screening machine of GMATG defaults to37.3°C as the high temperature alarm value (which can be set to other valuesfreely). It will immediately prompt with sound and picture alarms whendetecting the fever people, which prevent the spread of epidemic in publicplaces effectively. The measure temperature personnel can be managed in groups,measure record can be stored in the background, and the abnormal temperaturefever people can be traced back.
5.Real-name face recognition to realizeintelligent attendance and access control functions
The machine supports storage personnelinformation in the background, and realize the intelligent management ofpersonnel attendance by face recognition technology. At the same time, themaching support permission settings, automatic recognize strangers, to achieveintelligent personnel access management.
6. Report measure temperature by voice, andthe system supports multiple languages
Machine can report the current measuretemperature by voice. The system supports the multiple language, such as simplifiedChinese, traditional Chinese, English, Japanese, German, Italian, French, etc .
7.Multi-device networking can be unifiedmanagement, long-term online temperature measurement
Machine has a large storage capacity, whichcan record over 20,000 data in a single device, supports the unified managementof multiple devices, and supports long-term non-standby temperaturemeasurement. The temperature measurement data and attendance records willautomatically upload to the cloud platform/local server. The background datamonitors and measures the temperature in real time, and keeps the measurerecord, which is convenient for tracing data and exporting the report ofidentification of people, time, place, temperature and other data.
8.Can adjust the panel angle to fit thedifferent person height
Precautions for use


Carson Red Planet Telescope RP-300 The Red Planet Telescope RP-300, is a Newtonian Reflector telescope. It’s large 114mm diameter reflecting mirror captures plenty of light for crisp, bright images and startling detail. The RP-300 features a high-quality, heavy duty aluminum tripod and a sturdy equatorial mount to counteract shaking and movements. It features setting circles […]
Planisphere Whether you’re at the bach, the beach, or out in the bush, navigate your way through the southern skies using your very own planisphere! Perfect for use between 30° and 60° South, simply rotate the inner disk to line up the date and time to reveal the skies overhead in the viewing window! Made out […]
Featuring the southern hemisphere of Johannes Hevelius’ Firmamentum Sobiescianum, this cloth is specially designed to care for coated lenses and delicate devices, and removes smudges and fingerprints easily.
Star Globe This Star Globe is an adjustable and universal desktop map of the night sky between the hours 7pm and 5am. The globe shows the main constellations as they appear in the sky from the Earth’s vantage point. This is in contrast to other globes that show an outside view of the universe, therefore […]
Carson Aim Telescope MTEL-50. The Aim MTEL-50 is a Refractor telescope. It’s 50mm diameter lens captures plenty of light for crisp, bright images and startling detail. It comes with an adjustable table top mount which is sturdy, rugged and easy to operate. This Aim telescope is suitable for viewing the Moon and planets, and because it […]
Carson Sky Seeker Telescope JC-200 The Carson Sky Seeker Telescope JC-200 is a Dobsonian Reflector telescope. It’s 76mm diameter reflecting mirror captures plenty of light for crisp, bright images and startling detail. As it comes with a Dobsonian Mount rather than a tripod the JC-200 requires no assembly – it is ready to use right […]
Red LED Flashlight This SL-11 Red LED Flashlight from Carson is the perfect companion for astronomers. Ideal for when you are out stargazing in the dark and want to check your star chart. Turning on a bright torch would ruin your night vision but the red flashlight is the solution. This flashlight helps your eyes […]
Carson Red Planet Telescope RP-200 The Carson Red Planet Telescope RP-200 is a Refractor telescope. It features superior, fully coated optics and a high quality, heavy-duty aluminum tripod. The RP-200 features a Horizon mount with slow motion cables for smooth, easy tracking of celestial objects. Use the Red Planet telescopes to view the Rings of […]


Organic solid-state lasers (OSSLs) based on singlet fluorescence have merited intensive study as an important class of light sources. Although the use of triplet phosphors has led to 100% internal quantum efficiency in organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), stumbling blocks in triplet lasing include generally forbidden intersystem crossing (ISC) and low quantum yield of phosphorescence (ΦP). Here, we reported the first triplet-phosphorescence OSSL from nanowire microcavity of a sulfide-substituted difluoroboron compound. As compared with the un-substituted parent compound, the lone pair of electrons of sulfur substitution plus the intramolecular charge transfer interaction introduced by the nitro moiety lead to an highly efficient T1 (π,π*)←S1 (n,π*) ISC (ΦISC = 100%) and a moderate ΦP (10%). This, plus the optical feedback provided by nanowire Fabry-Perot microcavity, enables triplet-phosphorescence OSSL emission at 650 nm under pulsed excitation. Our results open the door for a whole new class of laser materials based on previously untapped triplet phosphors.


Apple might bring a much efficient and sharp display in future iPhones to improve battery life and display quality. The Cupertino-based tech giant has filed a patent application that aims to reduce light emission while retaining the image quality by improving the sharpness levels. This will cancel out the additional light produced by the display and also reduce the power consumption of the displays resulting in better battery life. This suggests a much efficient display in future Apple devices such as iPhone, iPad or Watch or even the future Apple Glass.
The patent application was filed with the US Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) by the title ‘Electronic Device Having Emissive Display With Light Recycling.’ According to the patent application, each lens in an electronic device display may have a reflective lens such as a catadioptric lens that receives polarized image light from the display and provides a corresponding image to an eye box. Apple says that the light emitting diodes (LEDs) may be overlapped by a light recycling layer like a reflective polarizer or cholesteric liquid crystal layer which will recycle light emitted by the display to reduce emission and improve efficiency.
In the patent application, Apple has also talked about improving the sharpness of the display by reflecting extra light created by the display keeping efficiency in mind. Apple clearly mentions in the display that regular LEDs usages cavity design that do not maximize efficiency and rather operate at a suboptimal operating to maximise the viewing angle compared to displays with high efficiency. Apple in the patent has mentioned that “the use of light recycling layer in display panel acts as an external cavity feature that alters the design considerations for the light emitting diodes and allows off-axis luminance to be boosted at high efficiency.”
Apple filed the patent back in February 26, 2020 and was approved by USPTO on November 19, 2020. According to the patent, a display usually produces much more light, when turned on, than required and with the new patent Apple seems to have a legit plan to cancel out that additional light and improve the efficiency of the displays.


I would say its due to age as 40 is the age where presbyopia is believed to begin and even laser eye surgery doesnt stop this naturally occuring symptom.
1. how strong does a laser pointer have to be to permanently injure eyes?
There are two limits you need to worry about. The first, the eye damage threshold, is about 1 mW. This is actually a fairly low powered laser pointer, as laser pointers go. But at 1 mW, the laser can and will damage your eyes if you stare into it. However, most visible lasers are considered relatively safe under 5 mW. That is because for lasers at this power, though they have more power than needed to injure your eye, the damage occurs slower than you blink. So your automatic reflex will be to blink and look away before substantial damage can occur. This makes these types of lasers relatively safe. Now, without a doubt, if you stare into such a laser and try to ignore your blink reflex, you can certainly damage your vision with such a laser. Above 5 mW, the damage occurs faster than you can blink, so those lasers are not considered safe. To put this in prospective, the sun will give you about as much power as a 1 mW laser. And, of course, you are not supposed to stare into either light source. For something to pop balloons, you need somewhere around 100 mW, which is well over the 5 mW blink-threshold and will instantly do permanent damage to your visions. For a laser to hurt when you shine it on your skin, you need around 500 mW, which is a very powerful laser and can light up a room very easily. All of this depends on many factors, like the beam diameter, if there is any sort of focusing, and to some extent, the wavelength of the laser. For example, a 1 mW ultraviolet or infrared laser is considered dangerous because you do not have a blink reflex for these invisible wavelengths. But for visible lasers, the numbers I gave you are appropriate for the typical beams you get from laser pointers. As far as the optometric physician, who said that laser are legally mandated to be safe, he does not know what he is talking about. Are all knives safe? As a physicist who deals with unsafe lasers every day, I can tell you that without a doubt, most legal lasers pointers can and will damage your eyes if you stare into them or ingore simple safety steps.
2. Convert 12VDC fan controller output to TTL signal of laser?
I solved this with a very simple circuit, which avoided the need to run extra ground or 5/12V lines. I used a simple optocoupler and resistor.Again this is an inverted control: when the fan is ON, the laser will be OFF. Anything less than 100% output on the fan will result in the laser pulsing at the fan PWM frequency.I have a Monoprice Maker Select 3D printer which uses RepRap compatible g-code. To turn the laser ON, issue M106 S0, and to turn the laser OFF, issue M106 S255 gcode commands. I am using the J Tech Photonics Inkscape plugin to generate laser g-code, and it does not support this type of inverted output. So it's necessary to do a search/replace in the gcode file to swap the M106 S255 and M106 S0 commands.YMMV - hopefully helpful to someone!simulate this circuit - Schematic created using CircuitLab.
3. laser hair removal during pregnancy?
I personally would not risk it, and I am holding off to complete my last two laser hair treatments until I give birth. It does not hurt to wait. The hair is not going anywhere! Plus, I've read that the hormones of pregnancy often tends to spur dark hair to grow where it should not . So I figure I will get more out of the treatment if I wait and can remove those hairs as well. I would also be concerned about the safety of the prescription numbing creams they use prior to the procedure. Those creams do get absorbed into your skin, your bloodstream, and into the unborn fetus. I would not want to subject my baby to that.


Robert L. Byer
(Stanford University, USA)
Professor Robert L. Byer is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Applied Physics at Stanford University. He has conducted research and taught classes in lasers and nonlinear optics at Stanford University since 1969. He has made numerous contributions to laser science and technology including the demonstration of the first tunable visible parametric oscillator, the development of the Q-switched unstable resonator Nd:YAG laser, remote sensing using tunable infrared sources and precision spectroscopy using Coherent Anti Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS). Current research solid state laser sources with applications to gravitational wave detection and to laser particle acceleration.
Professor Byer is a Fellow of The Optical Society, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Laser Institute of America. In 1985 Professor Byer served as president of the IEEE Lasers and Electro-optics Society. He was elected President of the Optical Society of America in 1994. He served as President of the American Physical Society in 2012.
(Tohoku Institute of Technology, Japan)
Professor. Kazuhiro Asai was born in Aichi in 1946. He graduated from Tokyo Denki University in 1968 and served as a research associate at Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University (Sendai, Miyagi) during 4 years from 1969 to 1973. He received a Doctor of Engineering degree in research on “Spectroscopic studies of Tropospheric Ozone and it’s Remote Detection using Infrared Laser Differential Absorption” from Tohoku University in 1978. He worked at the former Radio Research Laboratory (the current National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)) for 12 years, and then moved to Tohoku Institute of Technology (Sendai, Miyagi) as a professor in 1989. He became a professor emeritus in 2012. In 1984 and 1985, he also served as a postdoc at Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. His major research fields are DPSS cw/Q-switched lasers, and it’s applications for remote sensing. He has served a member of Advisory Board of CLRC since 2003 and was a conference chair at 13th CLRC held in 2005 in Kamakura, Japan. He has served as a visiting researcher at the former National Space Development Agency (the present Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) during eleven years from 1990 to 2000 for conducting the first space-based lidar (ELISE : Experimental Lidar In Space Environment) program.
He is now involved two lidar programs in JAXA, “MOLI” and “SafeAvio”. The former is a vegetation lidar program named “Multi footprint Observation Lidar and Imager (MOLI)” for measuring global forest canopy height from the International Space Station (ISS)-Japanese Experiment Module (JEM). It is planned to be launched in 2021. The latter is an airborne coherent Doppler lidar (CDL) program called “SafeAvio” for establishing warning system for wake vortex, mountain wave or clear air turbulence.
1. Novel Sensing
Paul J. M. Suni (Lockheed Martin Coherent Technologies, USA)
Philip Gatt (Lockheed Martin Coherent Technologies, USA)
Kaoru Minoshima (The University of Electro-Communications, Japan)
2. Laser & Devices
Jirong Yu (NASA, USA)
Steven A. Serati (Boulder Nonlinear Systems, USA)
Takayuki Yanagisawa (Mitsubishi Electric Corporation, Japan)
3. Lidar System
Mikael Sjöholm (Technical University of Denmark, Denmark)
Benjamin Witschas (DLR, Germany)
Alain M. Dabas (Météo-France, France)
4. Wind Energy
Yelena L. Pichugina (NOAA, USA)
Michael Harris (ZephIR Lidar, UK)
5. Measurement, Simulation, Modeling, and Signal Processing
Jean-Pierre Cariou (Leosphere, France)
Songhua Wu (Ocean University of China, China)
※The detailed program will be ready around the middle of April.


Two Factors You Do Definitely Not Have Information Relative To LASIK Eye ProceduresThe eye can be analyzed with relative ease as to both its function and its structure. A functional assessment consists of the ability to relocate the orbit and the reaction of the pupil to light and accommodation.
The function of the eye may be tested in numerous ways. The client might be asked to determine illuminated letter or things of varying sizes on exactly what is called the Snellen chart.
Alternatively, the evaluation of the structural part of the eye might be made in several ways. Stress within the eyeball is measured by a "tonometer." In specific illness, particularly in glaucoma, the stress in the eyeball is increased considerably.
It ought to be well kept in mind that a client with an eye issue might have other problems. Frequently other physical conditions are main and impact the eye as a consequence. The appearance of the eye can notify the client and the doctor to problems in some disruptions of other parts of the body even prior to other signs provide themselves.
Consequently, one's dependence on sight is highlighted when one faces a short-lived or possible long-term loss of this crucial sense. Hence, when corrective measures are sought, certain forms of vision correction such as contact lenses or glasses are prescribed.
On the other hand, some individuals are bothered with the truth that they have some framed lenses or contact lenses in front of their eyes.
For this factor, advanced surgical operations were developed to motivate decreased utilization of contact lenses or glasses. Among which is the now popular LASIK eye surgical treatment.
Basically, LASIK eye surgery is the short term for "Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis." Like its tangible counterpart, LASIK eye surgery is another form of vision correction. The only distinction is that with this kind of surgical treatment, one's vision is corrected permanently.
With LASIK eye surgical treatment, the refractive mistakes in the cornea are completely transformed. This can be done utilizing an "excimer laser."
The main purpose of this surgery is to produce a threadlike, rounded "flap" in the cornea utilizing a blade called "microkeratome." In a series of unfolding and laser processing, the cornea is finally reformed, enabling much better the eye to direct more light into the retina.
Popularity vs. Disadvantages
In the middle of the growing appeal of LASIK eye surgical treatment, there are still disadvantages that individuals should know. Probably, the main reason that this type of eye surgical treatment has ended up being well accepted is since the majority of its cases had achieved success.
However, in spite of its success, there are still some downsides. Here is the list:
1. It is an operation used to the most sensitive part of the eye
Since LASIK eye surgical treatment involves the operation of the retina, which is one of the most delicate portions of the eye, a lot of people state that the operation can be really risky.
Simply puts, a basic error could nearly trigger an person's lifetime blindness. It is crucial to think about lots of factors before deciding whether LASIK eye surgical treatment is the right restorative measure one has to undergo.
2. It is not a ideal treatment
LASIK eye surgical treatment may correct your vision but it does not always imply that it can give you a best vision. Even if analytical reports show Visit Website that 70% of the patients may have 20/20 vision, this does not necessarily suggest they have perfect vision as well.
Given all go right here these things, it can be deduced that, in spite of the popularity of the operation, LASIK may not always be the perfect eye surgery the method the majority of people see it
Alternatively, the assessment of the structural part of the eye may be made in several methods. It needs to be well kept in mind that a client with an eye problem might have other problems. Often other physical conditions are main and affect the eye as a effect. The look of the eye can alert the patient and the physician to problems in some disturbances of other parts of the body even prior to other signs present themselves.
Like its tangible equivalent, LASIK eye surgery is another type of vision correction.


Reports suggest that the upcoming iPhone 8 won’t sport Touch ID fingerprint sensor, stating Apple will bring 3D facial recognition instead. The Cupertino giant is testing the 3D facial recognition to unlock the screen and authenticate the user using the new 3D front camera system. Claiming that the 3D system will allow users to unlock the screen, authenticate payments, and launch secure apps, reports said the company is also testing eye scanning to augment the facial recognition system.
By Vikraman Maniraj | Jul 4, 2017 2:16 PM #iPhone8 #TouchIDFingerPrint #3DFacialRecognition
Read More News Stories


3D projection viewing is now available for a fraction of the price.
For stereo projection professionals and enthusiasts, eDimensional is pleased
to now provide custom stereoscopic viewing solutions designed for commercial or
industrial use. Like our 3D gaming glasses, the glasses are fully adjustable,
lightweight, and highly durable for extended use. With infra-red wireless
convenience, an unlimited number of users can share a single transmitter unit
for group viewing.
eDimensional has custom-built an advanced emitter capable of transmitting
nearly 20 feet and a wide viewing angle without disruption. The 2 included
customized liquid crystal wireless shutter glasses are also capable of receiving this
long-range signal and additional pairs can be purchased for just $50 each, less
than 1/15 the price of other commercial stereo viewing glasses. We can do this
because of the tremendous volume of 3D glasses that we sell.
This package includes a dual LED long-range mini-DIN emitter, VGA video
synchronization module, and 2 pairs of wireless 3D glasses (Six 75-100
hour batteries are also included.)
This item ships from the USA only.


Customers of Specsavers Corporate Eyecare in the Republic of Ireland can now choose from a range of varifocal lenses for their safety eyewear. The launch is being marked with significant price reductions for corporate clients.
Until now, safety eyewear customers who require varifocal lenses have typically only been provided with a choice of standard designs. This can present adaptation problems if the customer usually wears a different lens category in their everyday glasses. Specsavers Corporate Eyecare is, however, now launching across Ireland a full range of varifocal lenses for use in its safety eyewear.
Customers can upgrade from standard varifocal lenses to options from the premium, elite or tailor made categories, taking advantage of the latest technologies in lens design. Corporate clients purchasing varifocal lenses through Specsavers’ voucher scheme benefit from considerable price reductions. For example, premium varifocal lenses are reduced by 44%, from an in store price of €115 to just €64.
Varifocal lenses combine three different prescriptions in one clear lens. This allows the wearer to see clearly at all distances, without having to remove or change glasses. For those who use varifocal lenses in their everyday life and are required to wear safety eyewear at work, this is an important advance.
Dona McLafferty, corporate account manager for Specsavers Corporate Eyecare in Ireland, says: ‘People are rightly choosey about the lenses they have in their everyday glasses . Considering the significance of safety eyewear and the tasks people may be executing while wearing them, it is crucial that they are provided with eyewear that is well fitted, comfortable to wear and provides the best possible vision. We are delighted to be able to bring these extra options to our corporate customers.’
For more information regarding varifocal safety eyewear visit: www.specsavers.ie/corporate


Light Tree Seminar Report with PPT and PDF
Light Tree Seminar and PPT with PDF Report: Nowadays there is a normal unanimity that in the coming days the wide area network (WAN) will be based on the wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical networks. There are many important advantages of the wavelength division multiplexed wide area network over the other optical applied sciences like time division multiplexed (TDM). Here we are providing Light Tree Seminar and PPT with pdf report.
Light Tree Seminar Report with PPT and PDF
The concept of a light tree was introduced in a wavelength-routed optical network that uses the wave division multiplexing, depending on the beneath physical topology, networks can be divided into three generations and they are as below:
- First generation
- Second generation
- Third generation
- First generation: The first generation networks do not use the fiber optic applied science and instead of that they use the copper-based technology or the microwave technology. The example of first generation network is the Ethernet.
- Second generation: The second generation networks employ the optical fibers for the transmission of the information but the switching operation is performed in the electronic field. The example of the second generation network is the FDDI.
- Third generation: The third generation networks employ both the data transmission and switching in the optical field. The example of the third generation network is the WDM.
A light path is an optical path or optical channel and they are employed to carry circuit switched traffic and also it may encompass the multiple fiber links. If the wavelength converters are not present then a light path will occupy the similar wavelength continuity compulsion. Lightpath can assign a particular wavelength to the fiber link. The light path can make the logical neighbors or virtual neighbors out of their nodes and the nodes may be physically very far from each other. The vital objective of the light path communication is to decrease the number of hops that a packet traverses. The light path communication uses an equal number of transmitters and receivers because each path works on a point-to-point basis.
The light tree is a point to multipoint expansion of light path and wide area networks (WANs) are made to support the point to point exchange of information. In the coming days, the use of multicast applications may increase and this brings the need to furnish multicasting support on wide area networks (WANs). The light tree holds the context of the light path by incorporating the ability of optical multicasting. It also empowers the single-hop exchange of information between a producer node and a set of destination nodes.
Applications of the Light Tree:
The light tree has the applications in the following fields:
- In the teleconferencing
- In the software distribution or file distribution including the file duplication on the mirrored site.
- In distributed games
- Internet news distribution
- Internet television
Advantages of the Light Tree:
The advantages of the light tree are as follows:
- It has the feature of data security.
- It is ease of installation.
- It eliminates the spark hazards.
- It furnishes high bandwidth over long distances.
Disadvantages of the Light Tree:
The disadvantages of the light tree are as follows:
- The light tree’s price is a disadvantage of it.
- It has the features like fragility and opaqueness.
- It needs special skills.
Optical layer of light tree:
Normally, the topologies of a wavelength routing network have the wavelength cross connect (WXS) nodes which are interconnected by the links of fiber. The network furnishes light path between the pairs of networks nodes and the light path is a pipe or channel that carries the information up to many gigabytes per second. The number of supported wavelengths depends on the limitations of the components and transmission, the optical layer furnishes light paths to the higher layers. The other features included in the optical layer are:
- Wavelength reuse
- Virtual topology
- Circuit switching
- Transparency: The transparency is a feature that refers to the truth that light paths can carry information at the different bit rates and at the set of rules.
- Wavelength reuse: At present, the number of wavelengths available is limited but the network can still furnish large capabilities as the wavelengths can be reused.
- Reliability: The reliability feature furnishes a high level of reliability in the network.
- Virtual topology: The virtual topology feature is a graph that has the network nodes.
- Circuit switching: The light paths furnished by the optical layer can set up the circuits and even take down the circuits in the circuit switched networks.
Content of the Seminar and pdf report for Light Tree
- TDM and WDM
- Types of WDM
- Comparisons of CWDM and DWDM
- Light Path & Light Tree
- Architecture of Light Tree
- Unicast, Broadcast & Multicast Traffic
- Combining Unicast & Multicast Traffic
- Advantages and Disadvantages
Here we are giving you Light Tree Seminar and PPT with PDF report. All you need to do is just click on the download link and get it.
It was all about free Light Tree Seminar and PPT with PDF Report. You want to say something about it then please share it or if you want to ask anything then please hit comment button.


Sun System Pro Sun LEC 315 Commercial Fixtures
The Sun System® Pro Sun™ LEC® 315 120-240V Etelligent™ compatible fixture combines the cutting-edge Light Emitting Ceramic® brand technology with Sun System® Etelligent™ controllability options (controller sold separately #902245). State-of-the-art 95% reflective German aluminum optic offers unparalleled output, reflectivity and diffusion. The 315 LEC®/CMH lamp (sold separately) creates amazing full color light spectrum out of next-generation ceramic lamps. Higher amounts of beneficial UV and far red spectrums increase the lamp’s growth power to the plants. Ballast has a thermally optimized non-fan cooled aluminum housing that is ideal for commercial environments. Lamp operates at 160 Hz low frequency, square wave, making this electronic ballast highly efficient and designed specifically to drive LEC®/CMH lamps at sustained peak performance. Internal ballast programming will protect unit in instance of open circuit, short circuit, over/under voltage or high temperature exposure. Features internal built-in circuit breaker. This unit is dimmable and can operate a LEC® lamp at 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% & 100%. Low current, staggered ignition delay feature eliminates circuit inrush overload and protects lamp for increased lumen maintenance.


Eye Surgical treatment has actually ended up being a mainstream technique of vision modification, as well as this short article will explain the benefits as well as drawbacks of three various techniques being provided to the medical customer.
Lasik Eye Surgical treatment
LASIK is the acronym for Laser-Assisted In Situ Keratomileusis and is an eye medical system which completely fixes vision by removing a slim layer of the cornea. This treatment works best on people with moderate to high levels of nearsightedness (nearsightedness), low to modest degrees of hyperopia (farsightedness) and astigmatism related to myopia, and also that have thick corneas. It is the most popular surgical vision improvement technique.
People with typical eye sight see things plainly because photos are brought right into a proper focal point by the cornea as well as lens of the eye. Preferably, the cornea's curvature is uniformly matched to its size in a normal eye. People with astigmatism, nearsightedness or hyperopia have irregularly formed corneas, so the objects seen are not focused effectively. LASIK changes corneal shape by specific removal of corneal tissue, and also by doing so corrects the eyes' focusing power.
There are, nevertheless, threats to LASIK eye surgery.
There is a remote possibility of full loss of vision. If this happens, it is typically since the person had a pre-existing condition which ought to have prevented the surgical procedure in the first place, such as pregnancy, cataracts, arthritis, diabetic issues, glaucoma, or lupus. Individuals with huge pupils are likewise inadequate candidates for LASIK. Dry eye syndrome will certainly be exacerbated by this treatment.
A few individuals whine that they permanently see "ghost" pictures, have obscured vision, reduced comparison and also bad evening vision. When LASIK wased initially introduced, 5% of people had post-operative problems; nevertheless, improvements in the treatment have actually created this price to go down to less than 1% if LASIK is carried out by competent specialists as well as clients are correctly screened prior to surgical treatment. If issues do take place, they could often be resoved by a retreatment.
FDA has authorized LASIK laser eye surgical procedure since 1998. While there are a lot of satisfied individuals, there are nonetheless no long-term research studies concerning its results. Understand the constraints and also the dangers of LASIK eye surgery prior to you sigh for the procedure.
Though less popular, these little implants can boost vision in individuals with moderate to moderate nearsightedness without the threat of long-term eye damage fundamental in the tissue removal technique of LASIK. Intacs are semi-circular disks dental implanted in the cornea which extend it to assume a flatter form. Though somewhat less specific than LASIK, they are removeable and exchangeable, so if the person has an unforeseen over- or under-correction, the implant could be eliminated as well as another of a various dimension inserted to obtain the wanted improvement. The implants lie beside the cornea, so the central aesthetic area is completely intact as well as intact, and also the toughness of the cornea is undiminished, making it a better choice for pilots and also those that engage in get in touch with sports where eye injury is an opportunity.
Intacs are unsuitable for extreme myopia as well as greater than minor astigmatism (1.00 diopters), as the cornea can just be stretched thus far. If the Intacs are eliminated, vision go back to its preoperative degree. Aside from vision modification, Intacs are also made use of to treat keratoconus.
Intacs are FDA accepted as well as 10 year research studies have revealed no significant troubles with Intacs as well as very few person grievances; however, because the treatment takes a lot more training than LASIK, there are less eye surgical treatment clinics using it. Nevertheless, the Intacs site provides a list of professionals in each state, as well a couple of in Canada, Europe and Mexico.
Since many individuals do not wish to take the chance of LASIK as well as Intacs can not aid those with severe vision problems, check my blog intraocular lens implants (IOL) are a new alternative approved by the FDA in 2004 to remedy moderate to serious nearsightedness. web link The Artisan lens, produced by Ophtec, is similar to the kind of lens implant used to recover vision complying with cataract eye surgical procedure.
The brand-new IOL, called the Artisan, is meant for just clients that have 2.5 diopters or less of astigmatism.
The man-made lens does not replace the all-natural lens, however is placed before it. The main issue located with the implant was the constant loss of endothelial cells in the corneas of clients that received the implants. The endothelium is a layer of cells that line the undersurface of the cornea as well as are important in maintaining the cornea clear. A three-year research showed a regular constant loss of endothelial cells of 1.8 percent a year. At this point, no one can anticipate whether this loss will certainly continue at the very same rate indefinitely, or even its effect on corneal function.
To lessen lasting results of the tool on the corneal endothelium, the FDA is requiring that the new lenses be labelled to specify that they ought to just be implanted in individuals whose corneal endothelial cells are thick enough to endure small cell loss.
More major issues were couple of: retinal detachment (0.6%), cataract growth (0.6%), and also corneal swelling (0.4%). The FDA is requiring Ophtec to conduct a five-year follow-up survey of its implant individuals to better evaluate the post-surgical occurrence of cataract growth, retinal detachment and other ophthalmic illness.
The Artisan lens is meant to be a long-term implant.Though it could be gotten rid of surgically, vision might not constantly go back to just what it was before obtaining the lens. Due to the fact that it does not influence astigmatism, patients with this problem could still call for glasses.


Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument
MA-688 real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument adopts maintenance-free LED as an excitation light source and is operated by an external computer with high efficiency and convenience. It can be widely used in basic medical research, pathogen detection, molecular cloning, genetic screening, gene expression, genotyping, transgenic detection, food safety detection and epidemic monitoring, and a variety of other fields.
MA-688 real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR instrument is a fully open design and economical real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR instrument tailored for qPCR beginners and small laboratories based on the MA-6000 series technology platform.
With a compact body, 48x0.2 ml international standard sample array, and standard 4-colour fluorescence detection channel, the MA-688 is excellent for improving time efficiency and economic costs, which will help you to advance your work in the era of fluorescence quantitative PCR experimentation.


Although discontinued for a while (and replaced with wonderfull EF 200mm f/2.0L IS USM) this lens is still legend.
Angle of View 12°
Max Aperture f/1.8
Min Aperture f/22
Min Focus 2500mm
Filter Size 48mm
Number of Aperture Blades 8
Elements 12 in 10 groups
Photos info: Canon EOS 1DIII, handheld, RAW converted in DPP 3.9.2 and cropped without any manipulation. If not stated otherwise photos were taken using open aperture and iso 200. The image is followed by 100% crop.
Comprehensive review can be found on The Digital Picture
Lens was tested in Aperture UK
Obviously this lens is meant to be used at open aperture in low ligt conditions or for achieving shallow depth of field. And for this purpose it works perfectly. Important notice: this lens is no longer repaired by Canon service.
For apertures 2.8 and above the Canon EF 200mm f/2.8L USM (II) can save you a lot of money and it's also lighter and smaller (and much less noticeable). The new Canon EF 200mm f/2.0L IS USM is wonderfull choice as its lighter than f/1.8 version, offers weather sealing, faster AF and IS (but also costs a lot more). The alternative is also the new Canon EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM II which is an exceptional lens and it is considered to be the best Canon zoom so far (October 2010).
© Alexandr Pospěch


The Web Ranger is an optical surface inspection and defect classification system that provides a total quality solution for products produced in continuous webs.
The highly modular design allows the system to be tailored to any application based on web width, web speed and defect size (resolution) requirements. The incorporation of smart cameras with embedded processing resources enables the system to provide real time, 100% inspection of the material and rapid, accurate detection of defects.
The Web Ranger’s advanced surface inspection classification engine can perform precise defect classification based on extremely subtle differences between defect categories. Using over one hundred extracted features and multiple techniques, the classification engine can be easily trained to reliably recognize distinct defect categories present in the material being inspected. Web Ranger’s superior classification performance greatly enhances product grading, process control and overall quality control.
Click any of the material category links to the right to view examples of defects that Web Ranger can detect.
Please Note: All defect sample images are visually enchanced to allow the defects to be easily visible to the human eye.
precise classification of defects into user-defined categories using advanced statistical (KNN) and non-linear heuristic methods
comprehensive database of defects with images, positions and all defect features
automatic transfer of defect data to an external device or system based on user-defined criteria
standard and custom reports of inspection results and statistics in tabular and graphical format
automatic detection and reporting of repeating defects
Graphical display of product quality based on calculation of a Non Uniformity Index
automatic defect monitoring based on user-specified criteria that assign points to defect class occurrences
automatic grading of rolls based on user-specified grading criteria that assign points to defect class occurrences
to generate alarms, trigger marking and tagging systems, automatically start/stop jobs, etc.
English, German, Chinese, etc.
Windows-based open architecture allows easy connections to other systems and devices via OPC, SQL Query, Ethernet, or custom digital interface
Remote access via Internet for system maintenance and software upgrades
24/7 Technical Support via Internet and Telephone Hotline
The incorporation of smart cameras with embedded processing resources enables the system to provide 100% inspection of the material and rapid, accurate detection of defects. This allows the system to be easily optimized to inspect metallized plastic film, synthetic paper, fiberglass, woven textiles, coated nonwovens, glass and many more.
Web Ranger inspection solutions and classification libraries have been successfully proven for many industries.
Wintriss linear light sources are optimized for web inspection and the challenge of operating in a 24/7 production environment:
Whatever your surface inspection application, Web Ranger is a cost-effective solution that provides a rapid return on investment.
Proper illumination is critical to effective flaw detection performance. Lighting design must consider material texture, web speed, defect size and type, color and ambient lighting.
Wintriss lighting experts have developed and patented a series of sophisticated techniques and specialized lights that are optimized for surface inspection. We are the best in the industry at determining the most effective lighting solution for the inspection application. Wintriss has patented several innovative lighting techniques that expose extremely small defects that can't be detected by other systems. The clarity of the images produced using these techniques results in reliable detection and accurate classification.
A powerful classification engine quickly and accurately sorts the defects into user-defined categories to aid in production quality control and process improvement. All defect data can be viewed in real time and is also stored in a comprehensive database for subsequent review, analysis, reporting and archiving.
Our Web Ranger system has been installed at over 250 locations in 16 countries worldwide. With local support available across the world there is no better choice for your surface inspection needs than Wintriss.
Learn more about our products, get your questions answered or schedule consultations and installation.
Visit our Contact page or
USA Toll Free: (800) 550-7300
Phone: (858) 550-7300


Do you love Oakley Sunglasses or will you be buying some as a gift this year? You will not want to miss this deal! We have some awesome Oakley Sunglasses On Sale right now at Proozy! Check out the Women’s Sunglasses we have for you, too!
Oakley Sunglasses On Sale
I love the sleek look of these sunglasses, and the narrow lenses are perfect for the men. I am totally grabbing these for my husband. He will love them, and I am loving this price. Through June 13th, hop on over to Proozy where you can score these Oakley Men’s MPH Chainlink Sunglasses for $54 shipped when you use our exclusive promo code MPH54 at checkout!
- Clarity: Conventional lenses can magnify images. HDO precision gives less distorted vision across the entire field of view.
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- High Definition Optics (HDO) provides superior optical clarity and razor-sharp vision at every angle
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- Polarized and Iridium lens options available
All orders $50 or more will ship for free from Proozy.
Don’t miss out on scoring these fabulous Oakley sunglasses while this coupon code is available!
Oakley® is a trademark of Oakley, Inc.


The Best Value Night Vision For 2024
Our Top Picks
1. Best Overall: JStoon Night Vision Goggles
This product has outstanding optical clarity and a high-performance digital night vision device that can observe the target in complete darkness and at a range of up to 984ft/300m.
2. Best For Price: CREATIVE XP Night Vision
With a bright maximum light level of 50,000cd/m2 at 3ft, this handheld monocular is perfect for anyone needing a little extra illumination when they need it. Moreover, our digital night vision monocular has a 4x digital zoom and a 3x optical magnification to ensure you see everything.
3. Best Quality: Bushnell Equinox Z Digital Night Vision Monocular
Bushnell's Equinox Z Digital Night Vision Monocular is a super compact, lightweight, and easy-to-use pair of binoculars for daytime and nighttime use. The Daytime color with IR off mode makes this monocular perfect for use in daylight or during the day.
4. Best Efficient: GeowFiiTech Night Vision Binoculars 4K
GeowFiiTech brought the latest and most excellent 4K Night Vision Binoculars to the market, offering much more than your average pair of binoculars. Our 25mm lens is specifically designed for a wider field of view, making it easier to scan and see targets from a distance.
5. Best Resolution: ZIMOCE Night Vision Goggles
ZIMOCE night vision goggles are equipped with a CMOS sensor and an 850nm infrared illuminator, allowing you to see the field of vision about 400 meters/1312 feet away at night. They have 7 IR illuminator levels, the higher the level, the better the night vision effect and the clearer the target.
Today's world is lit with artificial light. This means that criminals are just as likely to operate in daylight as at night. You can see in the dark if you have the right gear! For example, a simple pair of night vision goggles will help you see, even in pitch blackness.
However, modern night vision isn't, and there are prior products that claim value for money. With that in mind, we've compiled our best picks to help you find the most affordable quality night vision equipment on the market today.
You can count on our team of experts who have spent over 20 hours conducting results through 1,359 genuine customer reviews. Because of this, we concluded that the Best Value Night Vision is the JStoon Night Vision Goggles cause it features an infrared illuminator that allows you to view animals in complete darkness for 6 hours without using lights. And CREATIVE XP Night Vision is another choice for you while keeping the product's quality and functionality.
RELATED: We evaluated the best night binoculars from 1,483 customer reviews. Read this article to determine which is the best option for you.
Our Top Picks
The 850NM Infrared Illuminator and 7-gear infrared adjustment allow you to use the night vision scope both during the day and at night The IR gear can be adjusted to match the lighting conditions. The higher the infrared light gear is set, the farther and clearer the nighttime observation is It has a high resolution to better display the views, as well as the ability to take 1280x960 pixel images and @30FPS video in the dark
The card has a low memory and is a bit hard to use
While other night vision devices cannot provide high-quality photos and videos without ambient light, drain your batteries in minutes, or are bulky and difficult to control, the Compact Night Vision Binoculars feature an infrared illuminator that allows you to view animals in complete darkness for 6 hours without using lights.
These night vision goggles have a 3X magnification and 4X digital zoom, an 850 nm infrared illuminator, and can see 984 feet in complete darkness. The 25mm objective lens does not provide as much detail as larger lenses found in the best night-vision goggles. However, the low price tag means you won't be too concerned if your child breaks them—the IP56 rating provides only limited protection against water and dust.
A no-glow infrared illuminator is included to assist you in viewing animals in complete darkness Compatible with tripods from Bushnell, Firefield, SiOnyx, and Sightmark This infrared monocular can quickly run for up to 6 hours on a single charge With our digital monocular's 1.5-inch TFT screen, you can see your images as soon as they are captured
This night vision isn't a military-grade
The CREATIVE XP Digital Night Vision Monocular is one of the best low-cost night-vision devices available, with a 25mm objective lens that allows you to see up to 650 feet ahead. Even in complete darkness, an LED illuminator provides clear vision—no ambient light is required. You can also take photos, record soundless videos, and play back what you've registered. It includes a USB cable and a 32 GB microSD card, but it supports microSD cards up to 128 GB. Best of all, at slightly more than 10 ounces, it's highly portable for on-the-go use.
You may find it challenging to have a clear image, but the resolution is not that bad when used as intended. It's not 4K by any means, but it's certainly good enough to see details depending on the range. It does have manual focus, which can be a little tricky at first, but it works fine once you find the sweet spot for the content you're looking at.
With an on-board infrared illuminator, the Equinox Z provides up to 750 feet of viewing distance Multicoated glass objectives provide exceptional optical clarity The accessory mounting rail is Picatinny style It has a capability for video output, video recording, and image capture using up to a 32GB Micro SD Card
This model use AA batteries
The Bushnell Equinox Z Digital is an excellent camera for those who require perfect night vision while also having a camera that can be used during the day. You can also get this model without breaking the bank, immediately making it a good buy. Because this model works both during the day and at night, you don't have to worry about bright lights damaging the internal optics.
This model also includes excellent video recording capabilities, ideal for those chance nighttime encounters you want to share with family and friends. It has a super-fast shutter speed, which means your photos will be less prone to blur. The fact that it runs on AA batteries makes it more expensive to operate than competing models that include a rechargeable battery. Overall, we believe this is the perfect night vision monocular on the market.
This Night Vision Binocular has superior imaging and night vision capabilities compared to other devices with 25mm lenses The high resolution provides improved imaging texture to take your photos and videos to the next level Seven gears adjustment with upgraded 25mm multi-coated objective lens for better visual quality in daylight or complete darkness It is an excellent thermal goggle for night hunting, caving, fishing, camping, observing wildlife, and so on
The screen is too bright to follow
These upgraded 4K night vision binoculars have 8x digital zoom and a 24mm caliber 10x magnifying lens that will help you capture a good moment within 984ft(300m). For a clear display, adjust the lens after zooming in/out. High-resolution images and videos will give you an unforgettable visual experience on the practical 2.4" IPS TFT screen. You can quickly check and replay with the night vision goggles.
With a built-in rechargeable recyclable battery, these MINI night vision goggles will relieve you of the burden of carrying several AA batteries, as they can be charged at any time and in any situation using a power bank or car charger. It would be best if the screen should be more significant because it zooms in far too much.
The ZIMOCE military tactical night vision goggles have three operating modes: photo, video, and playback You can press the shot button to capture the wonderful moment in videos and photos and save them to the SD card Connect to your computer with the included USB cable and share with your friends Through the 2.5-inch LCD screen, you can see everything in full color
This night vision binocular is very small so it will be not suitable for some people
With a 2.5-inch LCD screen, 6X optical zoom, and 4x digital zoom, you can clearly see wild animals in fields, woods, or even your backyard in the dark. Compared to other night vision binoculars, our infrared binoculars use double-tube hidden technology, which allows you to observe without getting too close to the screen and keeps your eyes from tiring after a long observation period.
This product can support up to 1080P HD video resolution and 12MB photo resolution, which can be changed via the built-in menu, which is very clear and simple. This model comes with a pre-installed 32GB micro-SD card but no battery, which requires a single 18650 battery. It would be fantastic if it came with a single battery and a better storage case for protection.
You can capture high-quality video at any time of day or night using a micro SD card With the built-in IR illuminator, the night vision range exceeds 650 feet A built-in infrared illuminator, a tripod mounting adaptor, and micro SD card recording are all included The 5X zoom brings out the details, and full-color daylight viewing 24 hours a day, seven days a week
The LCD can be too bright to see
The Bushnell Equinox X650 Night Vision Monocular can improve your nocturnal adventures, whether hiking under the stars or hunting in the dark. The built-in columnated infrared illuminator allows you to see in complete darkness, while the 32mm objective lens provides plenty of light and a field of view of 26 feet at 100 yards. The 5X zooming makes the deer you're hunting or the owl you're watching appear even more significant.
The LCD eye monitor's brightness is hard to dim, so it would be nice if this product could reduce the brightness at night. Meanwhile, these infrared goggles are compact, measuring less than eight inches long, six inches wide, and weighing less than a pound. Once the batteries are installed, you will have hours of use that will allow you to see your target at night.
This model has a small minimum focus range of only 3.3 feet Equipped with the most recent developments in consumer night vision technology that are within reach of average consumers. The xGen viewer is capable of operating in low-light or completely dark environments thanks to its powerful infrared illuminator that is built in It was designed for viewing objects up to 70 yards away
This device will hurt your eye if you use it for too long
The Night Owl Xgen 2.1x is an excellent value for an essential night vision monocular at an affordable price. This model is small, making it suitable for both adult and child use. It's also straightforward to use. You won't have to tinker with most functions unless you want to, and most of what you need to do can be done with a single button press.
The best feature of this model is its low price, but it does have some drawbacks. This camera's sensor detects infrared light in a 640 x 480-pixel grid, but the display only has a 320 x 240 grid, which means your image quality is degraded from the sensor to the screen, which is the opposite of how most IR cameras work. Because of this, your image quality will be lower than on other models. Overall, this is an excellent low-cost night vision monocular.
More To Consider
What to Look For in a best value night vision?
To buy any product seems easy, but to choose the best one is not straightforward. The time you take to research its outcome is significant. The same matter also comes to best value night vision of 2024 that we include in this article. But you can relax instead of spending too much time learning the products. It’s our duty!
Here are the main features of best value night vision that all of you guys should keep in mind when deciding to make a purchase:
Analog Versus Digital Night Vision
Digital night vision converts infrared lights to electronic signals, they do not need to be lit as it converts infrared light into electrical signals. They are often available in 3-4 generations with increasing quality and brightness. These images can be sharper and more clear, but they tend to cost more.
Thermal night vision creates images using the heat emitted by objects. This technology, however, is far more sophisticated than analog and digital infrared nights vision.
Can You Stargaze With Night Vision?
Night vision increases light in the dark, so point your telescope at the sky and you will be able to see stars, features, such as the Milky Way.
Is Night Vision Worth It?
The use of night vision will determine whether it is worthwhile. This is a good choice if night vision is something you'll use often and for a specific purpose. For those who are simply curious, you may want to start small and upgrade as you become more proficient.
Why Is Night Vision So Expensive?
There are many reasons why night vision can be so costly. Technology that converts almost invisible light to visible light or technology that reads heat is one reason why night vision can be so expensive. Another reason is the relatively low demand, which also contributes to higher prices. Additionally, manufacturers often have very expensive contracts to make military NVGs. This drives up their prices. There are affordable alternatives, but they might not have all the bells and whistles.
Can Civilians Get Night-vision Goggles?
You can, since there is no law or regulation regarding the ownership of them. But, the U.S. State Department cannot approve the export of tactical and military-grade weapons.
Do Night-vision Goggles Work In Total Darkness?
Night-vision glasses do work. These goggles allow you to see things in complete darkness even though they are a football field ahead. Night vision goggles convert light photons present in the night to electrical current, amplifying electrons and then converting them into visible light. The thermal goggles can detect heat energy and allow you to see shapes in images even when there isn't any light, such as in a darkened building. However, night vision goggles can't see through walls. The majority of the goggles are not designed for daytime usage. This can lead to internal and external damages to the NVR.
How Far Can You See With Night Vision?
Your night vision glasses will vary in their range depending on the quality of the magnification and the ability to capture light. Some will only work at a distance of less than 1,000 feet, but others will be effective up to 1000 yards.


The importance of wearing sunglasses
Good quality sunglasses eliminate solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR), in particular the more-damaging UVB radiation. UV rays from sunlight can damage the retina and the lens of the eye. Long term exposure to UVR is linked to conditions like cataracts and age-related macular degeneration.
As the eye cannot see UVR, sunglasses have an important function in blocking UVR. Wearing cheap sunglasses with no UV filters poses an even greater danger than wearing none at all because the pupils will dilate allowing more harmful rays into the eye. Good quality sunglasses filter out both UVA and UVB rays, the latter responsible for causing sunburn and eye tissue damage with prolonged, unprotected exposure.
Good quality sunglasses will be UV400 rated providing the maximum protection from harmful UVR (and necessary also to attain a CE Mark). All the sunglasses and eyewear we sell meet this standard.
Skiing, walking or climbing at high altitude
For anyone going skiing, walking or climbing at high altitude it’s essential to wear good quality sunglasses or goggles because on mountains the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays are easily underestimated, with a high risk of sunburn and ultimately skin cancer and eye cataracts. Because mountain air is cool, it gives a false sense of security about the sunlight. But the higher the altitude, the greater the ultraviolet (UV) radiation because there is less atmosphere to screen out harmful rays. A study by Japanese scientists revealed that eyes can receive up to 2.5 times more UV on mountains than at sea level. Even when the eyes are turned away from the sun, they can still get over 85 per cent more UV on snow. This can cause conditions such as snow blindness, which can lead to inflammation and cataracts.
Lens colours and their use
The most popular lens colour. It reduces all light equally, does not increase contrast or alter the colour of objects and is best used in bright and sunny weather.
‘Smoke’ is the lens colour typically used as the base colour when a mirror finish is applied to the lens. It is similar to grey but can have a brown or blue hue.
Amber and Brown
Popular colours that increase contrast (field of vision will appear sharper), they provide a warm appearance and work well where judging distance is important (like golf). They are good for most weather / light conditions.
A light enhancing colour – good for low visibility, dark, hazy and cloudy conditions. Also helps when driving at night. Provide exceptional contrast and enhanced depth perception. Not suitable in strong sun or high glare conditions.
Are all polarised lenses the same?
Polarised lenses are different to standard sunglass lenses; they have a special film which helps eliminate glare reflected off a surface like a pavement, road, water or snow. One of the questions we are often asked is “Do all polarised sunglasses stop glare?” The simple answer is yes. However, there is a difference between a £20 pair of polarised sunglasses and a £60+ pair. On lower cost polarised sunglasses, the polarised film is applied to the front of the lens. In time, this can scratch and wear down meaning the sunglass will lose some of its anti-glare effectiveness. You can of course prolong the life the polarised lens by always ensuring your sunglasses are kept in a pouch or case when not in use. On the more expensive polarised sunglasses the polarising film will be sandwiched between two other layers (usually polycarbonate) meaning the film can never wear out or lose its effectiveness.
On less expensive polarised sunglasses, the lens material used is likely to be TAC which is typically 1mm or 1.2mm in thickness. This means they should not be used where impact protection is required such as field sports. On the higher priced polarised the lens material is likely to be polycarbonate and a polarised polycarbonate lens also provides impact protection.


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Two new mini CCD spectrometers released celebrating 30 years of design & production
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