NASA Airborne Science Program: Flight Suit (Part 3 / #NASASocial) January 30, 2013Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Aviation, Science, Space Exploration.
Tags: Apollo, Books, Dryden Flight Research Center, GRAILTweetup, Space Shuttle
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Today, we focus on the pilot flight suit worn by those who fly high-altitude aircraft like the venerable ER-2. The ER-2 is the civilian version of the military’s U-2 spy plane, a sixty-year-old aircraft design that has a reputation for being a handful to fly. NASA, of course, doesn’t spy. Instead, the ER-2 flies at the edge of space, roughly 70,000 feet above the Earth, to, according to NASA’s website, “scan shorelines, measure water levels, help fight forest fires, profile the atmosphere, assess flood damage, and sample the stratosphere.” But just because it’s being used for science doesn’t make the ER-2 any easier to fly. Last year while visiting Dryden, Doug heard test pilot Nils Larson say of the aircraft, “If you’re having a bad day and the U-2’s having a bad day, it can be a BAD DAY.”
At that altitude and with a partially pressurized cockpit, the pilot needs to wear a suit that is, according to NASA’s Josh Graham, 80% the same as the orange launch-and-reentry suits worn by space shuttle astronauts. The differences between these flight suits and spacesuits lie mainly in the neck area and oxygen system. If the ER-2 pilot didn’t have such a suit, the lack of pressure at 65,000 feet would cause his blood to boil. Looking at the flight suit he brought for demonstration, Graham said, “This is somebody’s father. They need to come home.”
Each pilot is issued two of these suits, at a cost of $300,000 apiece, along with one helmet, which adds another $100,000 to the price of the outfit. The suit itself weighs thirty-five pounds and comes in thirteen standard sizes, though Graham pointed to a pilot standing behind us and said that he gets a special suit because he’s especially tall.
All the current suits—NASA’s flight suits and spacesuits—are handmade by the David Clark Company in Massachusetts. Each suit takes six to eight months to complete. The suit works in layers. The layer we see is yellow, but Graham unhitched the helmet and peeled back the outer layer so that we could view the layer of mesh, hand-woven hundred-pound fishing line. These outfits are designed to hold up with a tear as long as three inches or with a quarter-sized hole.
The David Clark Company also made the Gemini spacesuits, which were used for extravehicular activity in which, according to Michael Collins in Carrying the Fire, “oxygen came from the spacecraft via an umbilical, and then went through a chest pack.” Apollo spacesuits were made by the International Latex Corporation, or ILC, and had an “oxygen supply from a back pack.” Of ILC’s work, which applies to David Clark’s work as well, the book Spacesuit says the following: “similar to sewing a bra or girdle,” “unprecedented precision,” “highly regulated,” “elaborate process,” and “the delicate art of their collective synthesis.”
Collins played a crucial role with the Apollo suits: “My job was to monitor the development of all this equipment, to make sure that it was coming along all right, that it was going to be safe and practical to use, and that it would please the other guys in the astronaut office.” Though NASA’s ER-2 flight suits are already well developed, Joshua Graham does this sort of overseeing for aircraft operations, making sure each suit is ready to go.
One of the facets of NASA’s social media program that we enjoy is the opportunity to rub shoulders with other aviation and space nerds. While visiting the Space Coast to participate in a Tweetup and watch the GRAIL twins launch in 2011, Doug met the granddaughter of a woman who had worked as part of the team that assembled the Apollo spacesuits.
As we were examining the flight suit up close last week, Graham pointed out the small whiffle ball attached to a tether on the front of the get-up. When the flight suit initially inflates, it poofs up. This raises the helmet so that the pilot can’t see. He feels around the front of his suit to find the plastic ball, which he pulls down. This simple action readjusts the neck of the suit and helmet, and he’s ready to zoom.
Some of the flights are long, and no one wants a hungry, woozy pilot. But the pilot can’t take off his helmet to grab a bite to eat. Instead, his helmet has a feeding hole, and food—the sample we saw was caffeinated chocolate pudding (which sounds very useful)—is packed in tubes with stiff straws attached. The pilot can jab the straw into the hole in his helmet and suck the snack down.
Other human needs are also likely to occur on long flights, so the suit is also designed with a device like a condom connected to a tube, which the pilot wears so that he can relieve himself at any time. Graham didn’t discuss what the women pilots do, and earlier in the day, a NASA representative indicated that NASA currently had no women test pilots. What we didn’t know was that pilots must carefully control what Graham referred to as “number two.” If a pilot feels the need to defecate during a mission, he must declare an inflight emergency and return home as fast as he safely can. NASA doesn’t want to encourage a poop that costs $300,000.
Toward the end of our time in this section of the tour of the hangar at the Dryden Aircraft Operations Facility (DAOF, or day off), Doug asked Graham about the clunky spurs on the back of the suit’s boots. Graham responded that this aircraft is the only one that still uses hooks and cables in its ejection seat. The spurs hook to cables to pull his feet to the seat and keep his limbs from flailing during ejection. Then, at 14,000-16,000 feet, the pilot can cut the cable and parachute down safely.
The planes are cool. The ER-2 is fascinating because it flies incredibly high. The science is important. The ER-2 and its predecessor have been collecting data since the early 1970s, sampling the stratosphere and mapping large forest fires. Last week’s flight suit demonstration reminded us that the people are crucial to NASA’s Airborne Science Program.
Tags: Apollo, Concorde, Dryden Flight Research Center, GRAILTweetup, Movies & TV, Museums & Archives, Space Shuttle
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A clear and consistent message was delivered at both the #DrydenSocial and last fall’s GRAIL Tweetup: NASA wants to use social media to help spread the word of its achievements. To that end, NASA trots out its best and brightest to address event attendees and then mixes in the kind of moments that only NASA can deliver.
To that end, the morning session of the May 4th NASA Social event at NASA’s Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) offered a broad overview of Dryden’s historical and continuing role in aeronautics research. David McBride, Center Director for DFRC and Christian Gelzer, Chief Historian, provided a wealth of contextual information in the day’s first two talks.
The wonderful Neil deGrasse Tyson, Director of the Hayden Planetarium and whose book, Space Chronicles: Facing the Ultimate Frontier, Anna has just finished reading, has been making some interesting comparisons regarding NASA’s budget of late. According to Tyson (watch the video HERE), the $850 billion spent on TARP, the Troubled Asset Relief Program, is greater than NASA’s budget for the fifty-plus years that NASA has been in existence.
In no particular order, here are some the achievements that NASA’s budget has funded in that five-decade span:
• the Hubble Space Telescope and its associated increase in our understanding of the universe;
• a significant portion of the International Space Station (ISS);
• the Space Transportation System (the shuttle) that carried Hubble and the ISS’s pieces into orbit;
• deep space probes such as the Voyagers, planetary landers and rovers such as Spirit, Opportunity, and Curiosity;
• myriad Earth-orbiting satellites that have taught us much about our planet’s weather, composition, and history;
• and of course, the Apollo program and the astronauts who landed on the moon.
Note that all of these scientific and engineering achievements have something to do with space. Space is sexy, space gets people’s attention.
That said, the first A in NASA is for Aeronautics. In recent years, aeronautics has been a remarkably small piece of NASA’s little pie. In his introduction to the NASA Social #DrydenSocial attendees, David McBride, Dryden’s Director, pointed out that aeronautics research receives about 2.5% of NASA’s roughly $18 billion dollar budget in any given year. Those monies go towards funding the four dedicated NASA Aeronautics Research Centers: Langley, Glenn, Ames, and Dryden. At the end of that quickly narrowing financial funnel, Dryden Flight Research Center (DFRC) receives less than 1% of NASA’s budget.
It turns out, however, that the first A in NASA is a really important part of the United States’ overall economic picture. McBride indicated that the manufacture of aircraft and its associated industries were the single greatest positive contributor to the U.S. balance of trade. NASA’s own web pages put the scope of aviation’s influence in the U.S. economy as follows:
“Aviation generates more than $400 billion in direct economic activity, supports more than 650,000 jobs and accommodates more than 600 million passengers every year in the United States.”
At last fall’s GRAIL Tweetup, Charlie Bolden also addressed the importance of aeronautics, when he said that he would like a part of his legacy as NASA Administrator to include leaving funding for aeronautics research on a “upward trend” in order to return NASA to its traditional status as the “premier aeronautics research organization in the world.”
The technical talks at #DrydenSocial started with engineer Ed Haering, who is a superstar in the world of supersonic booms. Haering’s presentation covered work that has been done at DFRC to mitigate—sshhh!—supersonic booms. Because commercial aircraft are prohibited from flying over land at supersonic speeds (this was a huge problem for Concorde), this research is imperative if we’re ever to see another supersonic transport aircraft. The Lofty duo actually had the opportunity to see some of Ed’s work up close and personal when we visited Valiant Air Command in Titusville, Florida. Valiant is the home of the Shaped Sonic Boom Demonstration (SSBD) aircraft, a test aircraft on which Haering worked at Dryden. As its name suggest, the SSBD successfully demonstrated that a sonic boom could be shaped to reduce its impact, and by impact, we mean noise.
On the heels of Haering’s talk was an opportunity head outside and experience a sonic boom firsthand. Shortly after the #DrydenSocial attendees were led outside for a photograph beneath the wings of the X-1E, an F-18 flew overhead accompanied by the telltale crack of a sonic boom. Moments after that, the same F-18 treated us to a loud-and-low flyby.
In a day of artifacts and factoids, one that would have made a great impression on Anna, had she been there too, concerned the front of Dryden’s administration building. As we gathered around the X-1E, one of the handlers assigned to our group related that the front of the administration building had stood in for the NASA’s offices in I Dream of Jeannie. (If you want to read more about I Dream of Jeannie, click HERE.)
For Doug, though, the artifact that made the greatest impression was the insect-like Lunar Landing Research Vehicle (LLRV, in the photo above) which was located in a nearby hangar. The M2-F2 lifting body, used to validate the design of the space shuttles and located in the same storage space as the LLRV was a close second.
GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest (Part 10), Next Stop: The Moon! December 31, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Science, Space Exploration.
Tags: GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup
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In September, Doug spent five days on the Space Coast participating the NASA Tweetup for GRAIL, the Gravity Recovery And Interior Laboratory. We covered this launch extensively (HERE is the link for all GRAIL-tagged posts, or click on the GRAIL title in the tag cloud in the sidebar).
Suffice it to say, as with attending most rocket launches, schedules don’t really mean much. Launch windows are set, but if everything doesn’t line up in those seconds, there’s usually the next day. After two delays, the Delta-II rocket launched on Saturday, September 10. Doug was there to capture some amazing images (see the launch photos HERE).
Today, that mission enters a new phase. At 1:21 PST, the first of the GRAIL twins, GRAIL-A (the mission requires two mirror-twin satellites, A and B) begins a 40-minute lunar orbit insertion burn that will leave the 440 lb satellite in an elliptical orbit over the lunar surface. Think surfboard shaped, with your back foot as the Moon and the satellite tracing the shape of the board. The back of the board, or the lowest point in the orbit is known as perigee, and the front of the board, or highest point in the orbit is known as apogee. (We really have gone all SoCal.)
GRAIL-B will start its 39-minute lunar orbit insertion burn tomorrow at 2:05 PST. Over the next several weeks, each satellite will undergo twenty separate corrections to leave them in the circular orbit (34 miles high, or roughly the distance from Naperville to Chicago) necessary for the science phase, which begins in March. At that time, the spacecraft will map the Moon’s gravitational gradient. During the science phase, the separation between the two craft will vary from 62 to 140 miles.
Considering the investment, both in the number of decades and the dollars (and rubles, euros, yen, yuan, and rupees—Russia alone has sent twenty missions to the Moon), that we have made in understanding our planet’s lone natural satellite, we still have shocking gaps in our knowledge about our nearest neighbor in the heavens. Fundamental questions such as why the light and dark sides of the moon are so completely different (the dark isn’t just dark because sunlight doesn’t reach it, but is actually made of different materials than the light side) remain only partially answered at best. If all goes well for the GRAIL twins, in the very near future we will begin to address a host of questions regarding the Moon. GRAIL principal investigator Maria Zuber estimates that the science mission of GRAIL will increase our knowledge about the Moon’s light side by a hundred times and the dark side by a thousand times. (If you read our earlier post this week HERE, you know this means we will be increasing our knowledge about the light side by two orders of magnitude and the dark by three).
Doug’s trip to the GRAIL NASATweetup was just one of our four (yes, four!) separate trips to NASA’s Kennedy Space Center and the Space Coast in 2011. Reflecting on those trips reminds us what a remarkable year this was for us. It also points out the futility of attempting to predict the future. A year ago today, we certainly were kicking around the idea of heading back to the Space Coast to catch one of the final space shuttle launches, but we knew we’d miss the February launch of Discovery because of our work schedules so we weren’t sure what our opportunities might be. We knew we had to go back, and we remain grateful that Chapman University recognized what the subsequent trips might mean for us.
As we conclude 2011, we wish all our readers and followers a happy new year. Look up at the Moon tonight—you won’t be the only one peering at it—and imagine a great year opening before all of us.
Writing Apart, Writing Together October 19, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Collaboration, Space Exploration, Writing.
Tags: Computers, GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup
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Recently, we wrote about the relationship between our collaborative writing projects (writing together) and our individual writing projects (writing apart) as well as what happens when we have written together while being physically apart. You can read “Writing Together, Writing Apart” HERE.
We’re learning some lessons as we make our way into our second year of blogging, lessons that apply to the other big projects we write together and especially separately. One thing we’ve come to recognize is the importance of daily writing, or at least putting a hand on the project every day. On the busiest days, that may mean merely sharing a link to Lofty Ambitions on Facebook, grasping for the least little connection to a daily practice.
Part of what explains why we’ve been able to write this blog is that we committed to a regular weekly schedule that established habits to support that schedule. At first, that meant a collaborative post every Wednesday. Then, we started doing occasional additional posts, usually when the news or an event anniversary triggered an idea. Later, we added guest bogs and, more recently, video interviews. The regularity and the schedule’s predictability keep our minds on the project. We discuss the blog when we take an evening walk, we pitch and outline new topics over beers at a local watering hole, and we dissect previous posts, especially our series posts, looking for something important we might have missed or something worth expanding. Our blog writing is on our minds every day, and we’re planning, drafting, or revising more days than not.
This summer posed particular problems for our regular pace and the way we like to collaborate. Anna was away at Sewanee Writers’ Conference for two weeks, then Doug traveled to the Space Coast for almost a week to see the GRAIL launch. No evening walks, no brainstorming together over beers. Particularly disconcerting was the time change, so that when we talked on the phone, we each were in a different part of the day. When Anna called home before bed from Sewanee, Doug was heading out for a run. When Doug called home from Titusville after drafting a post, Anna was eating dinner. Not only did writing apart mean we were physically separated, but also that our mindsets were not synced up in the day’s arc.
All our previous trips to the Space Coast had been together. This time, Doug had been chosen for the official GRAIL Tweetup, and Anna couldn’t miss the second week of the semester. This Florida trip was different than merely writing while apart, as we’d done when Anna was at Sewanee. At the Space Coast, we’d already established routines together. We had shared memories there. We’d used our four trips to Florida to learn how to be better collaborators, to be in sync and productive. But this time, we had to write together on a specific, unfolding topic far from each other: the GRAIL launch.
Before Doug left, we had outlined a plan for our series, “GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest,” but that outline changed daily as news developed and we thought of additional content. The outline made us feel better and served as a necessary safety net, but the end result doesn’t match the initial plan for the series.
Doug had to gather the bulk of the content by himself for several posts. Anna had to trust that a post would show up for her to revise and that she wouldn’t have questions about what something meant. Doug had to trust that whatever he sent would be revised and posted while he slept. We gritted our teeth and believed that it would all make sense in the end, and we’re pretty sure it did.
While Doug was attending the GRAIL launch by himself, it wasn’t as if he was working alone. Doug relied on range of social media tools (after all, he was attending a Tweetup) in a greater capacity than ever before, so he drew from a virtual community. For our previous trips to the Space Coast, we attended the shuttle launches as members of the media, and we relied heavily on face-to-face interactions with our colleagues in the News Center and Annex. Although many members of the press are also social media mavens, some are still catching up or even ignoring social media technologies (in one memorable exchange, Doug tutored a press corps member on the relationship between Twitter, Tweetups, and NASA’s social media strategy). Given the nature of a NASA Tweetup, with its 150 actual attendees and hundreds of other interested observers tweeting about the GRAIL launch and related activities, Doug was able to stay current with Space Coast information and events. And we were able to keep up with each other day to day, each of us leaving virtual crumbs for the other to follow.
Doug’s GRAIL work also was heavily influenced by our new iPad. Our previous divide-and-conquer methodology gave us the flexibility to send one of us out to an event or to sniff out news tidbits while the other stayed with the laptops and continued working. We finally took the plunge on iPad for this go-it-alone trip, and it worked well. Now we find ourselves using the iPad for research and writing every day. The iPad isn’t a substitute for our paper notebooks or our Mac laptops, but it makes it easier to keep our hands on our writing projects every day. A daily writing practice is difficult to maintain, so if a device makes it feel a bit easier or a bit closer to one’s fingertips, that’s good.
Mostly importantly, though, Doug’s work habits were shaped by years of being a researcher and a student: show up, pay attention, and take damned good notes. That’s really what a daily writing practice means: show up, stay focused, and get some words on the page.
Since Doug’s return from the Space Coast, we’ve returned to our more usual patterns for writing the blog. We’ve learned, though, that one of us can sometimes take the lead and run with an idea without brainstorming together first. This method offers a certain kind of collaboration and conversation, but we don’t want to take turns post by post. We don’t want to take a break or lose momentum. We don’t write any blog posts completely separately, in part because we have our own individual projects outside of the blog for writing separately (we’ll write more soon about working on our individual projects). But it’s good to know we could take turns in a pinch.
Our blogger habits—talking things through with each other, sharing outlines and drafts, writing very much together through the process—keep the blog on our minds day to day and make this large, ongoing project easier. That’s a lesson for our individual projects as well. Habits of daily attention make large projects easier.
Interview: Jeffrey Rudolph October 10, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Science, Space Exploration, Video Interviews.
Tags: GRAILTweetup, I Remember California, Museums & Archives, Serendipity, Space Shuttle
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Bright and early tomorrow morning, we’ll face L.A.-area traffic to make our way to the California Science Center, the future home of space shuttle Endeavour. At a ceremony on October 11, 2011, the title for the orbiter will be turned over to the science museum.
Only four orbiters exist, and only three of those flew actual missions in space. On April 12, 2011, NASA Administrator Charlie Bolden announced that one of those workhorses would return to the place it was built, Southern California. By the time we traveled to the Space Coast to see Endeavour’s not-launch and then launch, we knew that orbiter would end up in our back yard.
Who knows when the space shuttle will actually get here? The space isn’t ready yet, and Endeavour will need to travel farther than any of the others to its museum home. But the title transfer is an important step, and we want to be there. If all goes well, we’ll share the rundown in our regular Wednesday post. You can also click HERE (launch photos) and HERE (our tour with Stephanie Stilson) for our previous up-close-and-personal looks at Endeavour.
We already know that astronaut Mark Kelly is among five STS-134 astronauts (for our STS-134 crew overview, click HERE) expected to be present at Tuesday’s title transfer. Mark Kelly, the commander of Endeavour’s last mission, retired from NASA on October 1. His retirement ceremony was held last Thursday in Washington, DC, where Representative Gabrielle Giffords (Kelly’s wife) and Vice President Joe Biden joined the celebration. We’ve written about Mark Kelly before (click HERE and HERE).
Of course, Los Angeles Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa, an official from NASA, and the head of the California Science Center will be part of the ceremony too. Oddly, STS-134 crew member Greg Chamitoff isn’t listed in the press information about the event, even though he has family in Southern California. In fact, he’s said before that some rides at Disneyland are rougher than a space shuttle launch. Maybe Chamitoff is still in Australia as a guest of the University of Sydney (click HERE to see his lecture there about STS-134).
When we were at Kennedy Space Center this past spring, we interviewed Jeffrey Rudolph, President and CEO of the California Science Center, about Endeavour’s future homecoming. In a bit of serendipity, one of the qualities of the universe that we most value, Doug had a chance to interview Kimberly Guodace during the GRAIL Tweetup. In some amiable chit-chat after that interview, Doug mentioned that we had written a series about Endeavour and STS-134 and that, as a part of that series, we had videorecorded an interview with Jeffrey Rudolph. Kim, who became a Lofty Ambitions guest blogger (click HERE for that post), chimed in that she had guided Jeffrey Rudolph through his tour of Endeavour at Kennedy Space Center. Coincidence? Absolutely, and not at all. We share that video interview of Rudolph today as part of our ongoing interview series on the second and fourth Mondays of every month.
GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest (Part 9) September 21, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Science, Space Exploration.
Tags: GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup, Museums & Archives, Nuclear Weapons
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“We organize information on maps in order to see our knowledge in a new way. As a result, maps suggest explanations; and while explanations reassure us, they also inspire us to ask more questions, consider other possibilities.” – Maps of the Imagination: The Writer as Cartographer by Peter Turchi
Less than two weeks ago, NASA was launching GRAIL toward the Moon for its mapping mission. This Friday, just two days from now, a NASA weather satellite is expected to come hurling down through Earth’s atmosphere. All this has us thinking about what’s up there circling here and there without us taking much notice.
When Doug first applied to be a part of the NASA Tweetup for the GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) mission, we didn’t know all that much about the science objectives for GRAIL. We thought it would be another opportunity to hang out with like-minded space nerds on the Space Coast. We knew our experience of watching the last two shuttle launches couldn’t be repeated, but a rocket launch would continue to amaze us. Very quickly, we learned more about the GRAIL mission and were delighted to see that it aligned with some long-standing interests that had little to do with the rocket.
Much science proceeds by increments. An experiment confirms a theory, and that hard-won information spawns new questions, new ideas to investigate. The researchers carry out this work, passing down data and lore through laboratory lineages.
The Dean of Leatherby Libraries, Doug’s boss, was a Map Librarian earlier in her career. Not long ago, Doug earned a certificate in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) from CalState-Fullerton, a move the library thought might prove useful. Even earlier, during his Ph.D., Doug had worked on a GIS-like system, a software tool that converts data into a map-based, or geographical, representation. You can’t study maps, map-making, and GIS for very long before you run into concepts like coordinate systems, GPS, and geodetics (sometimes also referred to as geodesy).
As a scientific endeavor, geodetics concerns itself with measuring our Earth. The science has moved well past its historical priority of trying to determine our planet’s diameter and shape. In 2002, GRAIL’s predecessor as a scientific tool, GRACE, opened new directions in Earth Science by producing the most accurate map of the Earth’s gravitational field ever created. One direct outcome of GRACE’s gravitational map is a much better understanding of how the earth’s ice caps and oceans respond to the gravitational field. In turn, this understanding will allow other earth scientists, in particular oceanographers and environmental scientists, to develop more accurate models of the earth’s hydrological cycle. In the same fashion, the gravity map that is created based on the data to be obtained by GRAIL about the Moon will be used to determine structural information about that orbiting mass, information such as what kind of core the moon possesses, whether it is solid or molten.
In one of those lovely coincidences that turn up time and again since starting Lofty Ambitions, the first geodetic satellite was launched from Cape Canaveral’s Launch Complex 17 (LC 17), the same site from which Doug saw GRAIL launch almost two weeks ago. Even better, that first geodetic satellite was named Anna.
ANNA arose as a collaboration between the nation’s military and its civilian aerospace agency. In fact, the name derives from the initials of involved groups: Army, Navy, NASA, Air Force. As you can imagine, there’s some debate about the positioning of each group’s name in the palindrome acronym, but that’s the order that the New York Times reported on November 1, 1962, the day after its launch.
Like GRAIL, ANNA was in fact two satellites, ANNA 1-A and ANNA 1-B. ANNA 1-A was launched on May 10, 1962, but failed to reach orbit after its second stage didn’t fire. ANNA 1-B was successfully launched on Halloween of 1962, after being delayed by the Cuban missile crisis because of Cape Canaveral’s proximity to Cuba. Again, like GRAIL, ANNA was launched on a member of the Delta family of rockets, Thor. In many ways, GRAIL and ANNA serve as bookends for LC 17. Although ANNA wasn’t the first Delta-powered science satellite launched from LC 17, it was one of the first. GRAIL was the last. There will be no more Delta launches from LC 17. That launch pad is being taken out of service.
ANNA’s primary science tool was a series of four enormously powerful strobe lights (8M candlepower) arrayed on its spherical body. The lights flashed in a prescribed sequence in response to radio signals broadcast from Earth-side stations. Photographs taken of the flashes from known positions on the earth against a background of known stars allowed scientists to determine the location of new positions via triangulation.
John Finney’s 1962 New York Times article indicates that the ANNA mission was the focus of a controversy over the desires of civilian scientists to make the mission data public and the military’s requirement for secrecy: “At one point, the military established secrecy for the project on the ground that the geodetic information provided by the satellite on intercontinental distances would permit more accurate aiming of Soviet ballistic missiles.” Later, it was decided that Soviet nuclear warheads of the era were already powerful enough that the improvements made in targeting via the new geodetic data probably wouldn’t make much difference.
During the Cold War, accurately measuring distances over the skin of the earth was a significant military endeavor. We first came into contact with this project last year at an exhibit called “Mapping the Earth During the Cold War” at the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History. We were struck by the notion of scientists whose aim was to measure the Earth’s distances—its shape, it gravity, the distance relationship of places—all in an effort to make better targeting algorithms for Intercontinental Ballistic Missile. These scientists were, in effect, getting to know the Earth deeply in order that they could destroy it.
ANNA is still up there, endlessly orbiting the Earth, though she no longer flashes in acknowledgement of a received message.
To see the news story about ANNA’s launch, click HERE.
Guest Blog: Kimberly Guodace September 19, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Guest Blogs, Space Exploration.
Tags: GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup, Space Shuttle
Doug met today’s guest blogger during his trip to the Space Coast for “GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest.” We featured her in Part 7 of our ongoing series about GRAIL (see that HERE) because we were captivated by her knowledge of the space shuttle program and her commitment, from childhood, to space exploration. But we also wanted Kim to talk about her life and career in her own words, an example of the ways we heard many space shuttle workers talk about their jobs even as they faced layoffs.
THE DREAMS THAT YOU DARE TO DREAM
Growing up as a child in Philadelphia, there was little talk of the space program. But for a young girl who saw the first launch of the Space Shuttle on the local news on April 12, 1981, I knew what I wanted to do with my life. Working on the space shuttle became my goal. Over the next fifteen years, everything I did was geared toward becoming an engineer and working at the Kennedy Space Center (KSC). From the time I was eight years old, I knew that working on the shuttle would require a strong math and science background. With the encouragement of my teachers throughout grade school and high school, as well as putting my own mind to it, I obtained the confidence to know that I would one day succeed in my childhood goal of working on the space shuttle.
After graduating high school, I moved to Florida to attend Florida Institute of Technology, a school founded in 1958 for the engineers at KSC to obtain their master’s degrees. I knew this was the school for me. I received my B.S. in Electrical Engineering in 1995 and began my career at KSC the following year as an Avionics/Orbiter Electrical Engineer.
During my time at KSC, I became a Fuel Cell Engineer, working on the shuttle fuel cell and potable/waste water systems. In 2004, I transitioned to Launch Site Integration Engineer for Endeavour, working as a liaison between Johnson and Kennedy Space Centers to disseminate technical issues between the Systems Specialists and NASA Management. During my fifteen-year career at KSC, I was living my dream.
Today, we live in a world full of smart phones, social media, and video games. Flying humans into space became seemingly routine to the general public. It is anything but routine, as we saw with Challenger and Columbia. The engineers, scientists, and technicians who work on the shuttles have always been dedicated to flying men and women into space safely. It takes dedication and love of the job to work on the shuttles, making the shuttle workers a community, even akin to a family.
Working on the shuttle had its ups and downs, as with anything in life. When I was thirteen and Challenger exploded, I told my mom that if it was ever up to me, that would never, ever happen again. When I was twenty-three, I started my career working on the shuttle ,and, in 2003, an accident did happen again: we lost Columbia. For three-and-a-half weeks in Corsicana, I trudged through the fields, swamps, and forests of Eastern Texas searching for pieces of my beloved Columbia. To see the thousands of people from around the country who helped us bring our family (the astronauts who perished) and our baby (Columbia) home was an experience I will treasure for the rest of my life.
Of course, there were the triumphs too. During my career, there were 54 successful launches of the space shuttle, successes in which I had a part (no matter how small or large). I met the most wonderful people in the world, who remain my family. I was able to travel to California (to support landings) and to Texas (to support missions) and so much more. As the Orbiter Element Vehicle Engineer, I was given the honor of presenting at final Flight Readiness Review for Endeavour (an honor that was given previously only to the Vehicle Manager).
With the shuttle program complete, the United States has no way to fly human into space other than to rely on our Russian partners. That being said, commercial corporations have been tasked to create the next-generation launch system. Today’s younger generation will design, build, test, and fly these new space transportation vehicles. They are the ones who now look up to the sky and dream of working on the future of spaceflight in this country, just as I did when I was a child.
My career with the United States Space Shuttle Program has been a dream come true and even more. I am honored every day to say that I was part of the greatest program in the world and to have worked with the greatest people in the world. I look forward to working with whatever the United States has planned for us to get our men and women flying again in space.
GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest (Part 8) September 14, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Space Exploration.
Tags: GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup, Museums & Archives, Nuclear Weapons, Space Shuttle
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As part of the GRAIL Tweetup activities, Doug, armed with our trusty digital camera, toured Launch Complex 41 on Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, where United Space Alliance launches the Atlas V, the descendent of the earlier versions of Atlas rockets of the 1960s. Before the Atlas V came along, Titan rockets, with payloads like the Viking probes to Mars and the Voyager probes off to even farther away, burst into the air from this complex. Even before that, the first launch at LC-41 was in late 1965. But the complex has long since been overhauled to accommodate this century’s bigger Atlas V rocket launch needs.
In addition to the launch pad itself at LC-41, the complex includes numerous buildings. The Vertical Integration Building (VIF), which stands 292 feet tall, was completed in 2000 and serves as the site where Atlas V rockets can be stacked on the Mobile Launch Platform with a huge crane. Recent practice, as also demonstrated by Launch Complex 39 used by the space shuttle program, allows for one rocket to be on the pad ready for launch while another is in the VIF getting ready for the big dance. This process, instead of assembling the whole contraption on the pad, allows launches to occur more often.
The Atlas Spaceflight Operations Center (ASOC) brings together various operations that had previously been spread around in different facilities. Sitting just over four miles from the launch pad, the control center manages the countdown. This building can also house rocket stages for storage or testing. Multiple rockets can be processed there simultaneously, thereby allowing for efficient scheduling of launches.
Atlas rockets have a rich history. Originally designed to carry nuclear warheads, the Atlas was adapted for manned spaceflight. On November 29, 1961, Enos, a chimpanzee, rode into space on mission Mercury-Atlas 5. The first four American astronauts to orbit Earth—John Glenn, Scott Carpenter, Wally Schirra, and Gordo Cooper—lifted off atop Atlas rockets.
Something that we enjoy about being on the Space Coast is the palpable sense of history even as we feel thoroughly in the now that surrounds a launch date. It’s one thing to watch a space shuttle launch. It’s another thing to walk where the country’s first space travelers strode and flew into the sky. Each might be merely small anecdotes, but they are not snippets of history without connections to each other and to us. Instead, in part because the physical places of assembly buildings and launch pads is there to be seen and felt, these experiences are all part of the same larger story. Some artifacts on the Cape exist on display, but many of the artifacts, some of which have been transformed, remain in use. Below, we include two videos (not our own), one of Mercury-Atlas 6, launched from LC-41 on February 20, 1962, and the other of GRAIL, launched on September 10 of this year.
GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest (Part 7) September 11, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Space Exploration.
Tags: GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup, Museums & Archives, Space Shuttle
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We’ve said it before (like HERE and HERE), and we’ll say it here again: Science writing isn’t only about the experiments and technology. It’s about the story and the people. The people we’ve met during our travels to the Space Coast have been amazing. Our latest geek connection is with Kimberly Guodace, a shuttle vehicle engineer until recently.
As part of the massive layoffs that mark the end of the space shuttle program, Kimberly Guodace was let go from her job at United Space Alliance just 9 weeks short of completing 15 years of work for NASA. In the current economy, nightly news reports and daily articles reveal the bitterness (with good reason) of the laid-off and the jobless. Somewhere on the Space Coast, we’re sure that there are some angry and disenchanted space workers. But after weeks of on-the-record interviews and informal chats with laid-off shuttle veterans, what we have found is optimism and pride at having worked on a program of national significance, people who fervidly believe in America’s future in space, whether it’s carried out by commercial companies like SpaceX or NASA.
Fifteen years ago, Kimberly Guodace began her career as an engineer working on the shuttle’s electrical systems and control panels. She spent half her time then near or in the orbiters. After that, she moved to fuel cells and potable water systems, including the shuttle’s potty. Her more recent responsibilities, which emerged from her years of intimate engineering knowledge of the orbiters, included serving as a go-between or translator between engineers and administrators. She beamed when telling our busload of Tweeple about helping to oversee the installation of two miles of wire in Endeavour—or 105, as the engineers refer to their orbiters by their number designation—for its wireless video system. This past year, knowing that shuttle was coming to a close, she did her best to be near or in Endeavour’s bay every single workday.
One time, NASA needed “suited subjects” for a flight safety test. Kim donned an orange Launch Entry Suit that astronauts wear. Her six-hour participation in the test ended with an emergency exit procedure during which the fire suppression system was on, dousing her with water and adding an additional twenty or thirty pounds to the suit. An exhausting experience she’d not want to trade.
Years earlier, on April 12, 1981, when she was just eight years old, Kim recalls that the first space shuttle launch, STS-1, was the third story on the local Philadelphia (her home town) news: “I said to my mom, that’s what I want to do when I grow up.” A few years later, when she watched the news about the Challenger accident, she said, “If it’s up to me, that’ll never ever happen again.”
Of course, an accident did happen again. In 2003, Columbia disintegrated as it reentered Earth’s atmosphere. By then, Kimberly Guodace was part of the space shuttle program. She did 5-½ weeks of recovery work, looking for debris of Columbia near Corsicana, Texas.
Kimberly Guodace has sat in the pilot and copilot seat on every orbiter except Challenger. We’ve heard astronauts say that the orbiters are flawless and like new, and Guodace agrees, “They are pristine.” She points out that they each have their nicks and scrapes, but she says, if she were sitting on the wing, “I would eat off of them.”
Our video interviews with shuttle astronauts also indicate that there’s disagreement as to whether all the orbiters are exactly the same or whether they are each distinct. To Kim, “Columbia was like parent. She was aged.” Discovery, she describes as an older sister and, as do many at NASA, as a workhorse. Kim says that Atlantis was the quiet child in the brood and didn’t get into much trouble.
Endeavour, Kimberly Guodace says, is “my baby.” OV-105 is the orbiter with which Kim spent the most time, in which she had fun just being in the bay. In response to a question about what mementos of the space shuttle program she and her co-workers kept, she said they took no secret keepsakes. Stealing government property like that would be a felony so she doubts any employees swiped mementos. Instead, she claims her memories. And at her NASA crewmates’ request, she shot more than 5000 photographs of Endeavour last year to document 105’s final flow.
Surely, Kim is not thrilled to have lost the job that she began preparing for at eight years of age, but since her layoff, she’s become a NASA docent. She showed up on Saturday morning (after getting up at 2:00a.m.) to serve as a guide for the NASA Tweetup participants on what was indeed launch day for GRAIL. That’s how Doug met her and heard about her lifelong dream of working on the shuttle. Evan after being let go from her job, even as the orbiters are being prepared to become museum artifacts, Kimberly Guodace is still at it.
After a decade-and-a-half career on the frontlines of space systems engineering and an education that includes a B.S. in Electrical Engineering, two M.S. degrees in areas related to space systems, and beginning a Ph.D. in Space Physics, she’s ready to shift gears. She’s making plans to transition to Public Relations, in part to engage with the public on the importance of science and engineering education.
Another tweep on the Tweetup bus asked Kim, what’s next? Kim answered that she gets this question quite a bit, and her answer is to shrug her shoulders. She doesn’t know what the future of United States human spaceflight will be. That said, she has made her own plan for the future: to visit each of the remaining orbiters in their museum homes every year. She says, “Not going to let my babies go.”
TO READ the previous segments in this series, “GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest,” click on the following links:
GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest (LAUNCH PHOTOS!) September 10, 2011Posted by Lofty Ambitions in Space Exploration.
Tags: Biology, GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest, GRAILTweetup
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This morning, GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) launched aboard a Delta II Heavy rocket at 9:08:52a.m. Doug stood across the water from Launch Pad 17B of Cape Canaveral Air Force Base. Here are our photographs to prove it!
TO READ the previous segments in this series, “GRAIL: Another Lofty Quest,” click on the following links:


Ryanair passengers brace for new bag rules
Only those paying £6/€6 for priority boarding will be able to take a small suitcase of up to 10kg in the cabin.
That option is cheaper than the £8/€8 charge to check in a 10kg bag.
Ryanair says the changes – the second this year – are intended to reduce flight delays.
The problem faced by the Irish carrier – along with many other airlines – is the lack of overhead locker space on the Boeing 737 and the Airbus A320 aircraft used for short-haul routes.
Gerald Khoo, an analyst at Liberum, says Ryanair planes have room for about 90 “wheelie” suitcases, considerably fewer than the 189 passengers it can hold.
As the airline’s flights are on average 95% full, there clearly isn’t enough space for everyone’s luggage.
“They are effectively rationing scarce capacity and saying if you want that space in the cabin, then you have to pay for it,” Mr Khoo says.


H3 Launch Vehicle
Aeroacoustic Simulation of H3 Launch Vehicle at Lift-off
Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is applied to analyze generation and propagation of acoustic wave generated from Japanese new flagship launch vehicle, H3, at lift-off. Exhaust jets of clustered liquid rocket engines and solid boosters are visualized by volume rendering of the temperature field. Acoustic field is shown by the pressure fluctuation, and it is found that the acoustic wave returns to the launch vehicle.
Large-eddy Simulation of Lift-off Plume Acoustics Using High-order Unstructured Flux-reconstruction Method
In order to quantitatively predict the acoustic environment at launch vehicle lift-off, it is necessary to accurately simulate the turbulent flow and the acoustic field around the complex geometry of the launch facility. To satisfy the requirement, we have developed a novel high-order unstructured grid solver based on the flux-reconstruction (FR) method, which has flexibility to complex geometries and superior resolution for multi-scale vortices and broad-band sound waves.
Aiming for understanding the effect of different engine configurations on the lift-off acoustics for the H3 launch vehicle, we conducted large-eddy simulation of the exhaust jet from the clustered first-stage engines and its interaction with the launch pad.
The clustered three-nozzles case is presented here. To predict the maximum acoustic load at lift-off, elevation of the launch vehicle was changed by making use of the overset-grid technique without re-meshing the entire computational domain. Since the data transfer between the grids is minimal (only the face values are needed for the FR method instead of multi-layer fringe points), the present approach is suitable for scalable parallel computation.
Movie of the numerical simulation of H3 Launch Vehicle launch pad
Arrangement of Rocket Engines on Jet Flow inside Launch Pad of H3 Launch Vehicle
Numerical study is conducted to clarify the effect of rocket engine arrangement on jet flow inside launch pad for Japanese H3 launch vehicle. First stage of the H3 launch vehicle consists in liquid-propellant engines at the center, and solid boosters.
In the configuration having three liquid-propellant engines, it is revealed that the hot jet blows up to the upstream of the flame duct due to the interaction between jet flows. It also turns out that the hot jet blows up if the solid boosters are located lateral direction and interfere the jet from the liquid-propellant engine. The arrangement of the engines should be carefully selected to redirect the hot jets to the downstream of the flame duct safely.
Configuration of Case1, Case2, and Case3 compares the arrangement of two solid boosters. They are located laterally in Case1, while they are set parallel to the flame duct direction. In Cas3, four solid boosters are installed in all the directions.
Jet flow from liquid and solid engines is shown by red-colored, and green-colored iso-surfaces at mass fraction=0.1.
In Case1, the jet flow from the liquid rocket engine interacts with the jet from the solid booster located laterally, and then, pushed back to upstream of the flame duct.
In Case2, the jet flow from the liquid and solid rocket engines goes downstream smoothly. It is found that the solid boosters should be installed so as not to interfere with the jet flow from the liquid engines at the center.
Result of Case3 indicates that jet flow from both of the engines goes downstream without any mutual interference.
More information about H3 Launch Vehicle


The spaceship autonomously undocked from the International Space Station on Tuesday, January 12 after a 36 day stay attached to the orbiting laboratory.
Among the experiments on the ship are a crate of Bordeaux wine, live mice, and 3D printed buds that could one-day produce human organs from stem cells.
This photo provided by NASA shows SpaceX’s Dragon undocking from International Space Station on Tuesday, January 12, 2021
Previous SpaceX dragon cargo missions finished with a parachute assisted splashdown in the Pacific, but this new version of the spaceship is designed to land closer to the NASA Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
This is where the space agency processes scientific experiments carried out on board the ISS – so its splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean for the first time.
SpaceX Dragon is designed to be a reusable spacecraft that can safely deliver Equipment and cargo to the ISS as well as return science experiments back to Earth.
‘The upgraded cargo Dragon capsule used for this mission contains double the powered locker availability of previous capsules, allowing for a significant increase in the research that can be delivered back to scientists,’ NASA said.
‘Some scientists will get their research returned quickly, four to nine hours after splashdown.’
This is the first time science experiments from the space station have been able to return via Florida since the Space Shuttle stopped operating in 2011.
This image shows some of the cargo that was loaded onto the Dragon ship as it first headed to the ISS last year. It can hold more in cold storage than the original Dragon
NASA astronaut Kate Rubins poses next to storage in the SpaceX CRS-9 cargo Dragon spacecraft in 2016. The new cargo spacecraft has more powered locker space, enabling additional cold stowage space
To get back to the Earth, the experiments had to travel by capsule, helicopter, boat, plane, and car before making their way back to the researchers who designed them.
‘I am excited to finally see science returning here again because we can get these time sensitive experiments into the lab faster than ever,’ says Kennedy Space Center utilisation project manager Jennifer Wahlberg.
‘Sending science up to space and then receiving it again on the runway was definitely something in the shuttle days that we really took pride in, and being able to rejoin that process is great.’
As the spacecraft returns to Earth, the experiments start to experience the effects of gravity again, NASA explained in a blog post.
There is quite a process involved in getting the experiments from the floating capsule back to universities, companies, and other institutions.
NASA described the process, saying: ‘After a SpaceX boat scoops the capsule out of the water, a waiting team pulls time-critical science out of the spacecraft and loads it onto a waiting helicopter.
‘The helicopter will deliver this science to shore a few hours after splashdown. Any remaining scientific cargo will come back either in a second helicopter load or stay aboard the boat and be removed at the port.’
The helicopter will land the experiments at the Shuttle Landing Facility (SLF), previously used for space shuttle return activities.
Then a team will move most of the cargo to the Kennedy Space Center Space Station Processing Facility (SSPF) by truck, where science teams will be waiting.
‘We are going to have a parade of researchers ready at Kennedy Space Center waiting to receive samples,’ said Kennedy’s Research Integration Office utilisation flight lead Mary Walsh.
The spaceship left the international space station on Tuesday and after some delays finally made splashdown of the Gulf of Mexico in the Atlantic Ocean this morning
There is a lot involved in returning science experiments back to scientists, this includes shipping it via boat, helicopter and car
Traditionally used to prepare experiments for launch to space, the SSPF is home to world-class laboratories that provide the tools and workspace to immediately take data and analyse samples, the space agency explained.
‘The scientists will take a quick look to get initial results and then ship it back to their home bases,’ says Wahlberg.
‘The benefit of being able to observe the science earlier is the ability to negate any gravitational effects on the research after it has been in space.’
From the hub at Kennedy Space Center, the science samples and experiments will head around the globe to California, Texas, Massachusetts, Japan, and more.
The large amount of science returning to Earth on this mission is possible thanks to upgrades to the SpaceX cargo Dragon spacecraft, which has double the powered locker capability of the company’s previous capsules.
The Rodent Research Hardware System is one experiment returning to Earth – it includes three modules: (left) habitat, (center) transporter, and (right) animal access unit
Another experiment saw a case of wine sent to the ISS to age in orbit over a year – it will be tasted in February and studied for changes in bubble content
On return, it can support up to 12 powered lockers, enabling transport of more cold cargo and power for additional payloads.
‘The old capsule was like a cream filled doughnut. You packed everything around the walls, and then in the middle we put a big giant stack of bags,’ said Walsh.
‘This upgraded cargo Dragon is more like a three-story house. You put stuff in the basement, then you pack that second story, then you go upstairs and pack the third story. So it’s really different from a design perspective.’
The next SpaceX Dragon cargo mission will be in May, and the crew Dragon capsule currently docked with the space station is due to return its four person crew in May.
Before that another crew Dragon spaceship will launch in March to send another four astronauts up to the orbiting laboratory.
Experiments returning from the ISS: The start of a 3-D printed heart, live mice, and bacteria
Cardinal Heart, which studies how changes in gravity affect cardiovascular cells at the cellular and tissue level using 3D engineered heart tissues, a type of tissue chip.
Results could provide new understanding of heart problems on Earth, help identify new treatments, and support development of screening measures to predict cardiovascular risk prior to spaceflight.
Space Organogenesis, a Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency study which demonstrates the growth of 3D organ buds from human stem cells in order to analyse changes in gene expression.
Results from this investigation could show advantages of using microgravity for cutting-edge developments in regenerative medicine and may contribute to the establishment of technologies needed to create artificial organs.
The Bacterial Adhesion and Corrosion experiment, which identifies the bacterial genes used during biofilm growth, examines whether biofilms can corrode stainless steel, and evaluates the effectiveness of disinfectants.
This investigation could provide insight into better ways to control and remove resistant biofilms, contributing to the success of future long-duration spaceflights.
Fiber Optic Production, which includes the return of experimental optical fibres created in microgravity using a blend of zirconium, barium, lanthanum, sodium, and aluminium.
The return of the fibres, called ZBLAN in reference to the chemical formula, will help verify experimental studies that suggest fibres created in space should exhibit far superior qualities to those produced on Earth.
Rodent Research-23, which involves the return of live mice. This experiment studies the function of arteries, veins, and lymphatic structures in the eye and changes in the retina before and after spaceflight.
The aim is to clarify whether these changes impair visual function. At least 40 per cent of astronauts experience vision impairment known as Spaceflight-Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) on long-duration spaceflights, which could adversely affect mission success.


Alexandria, Virginia – Vito Technology Inc. is happy to announce that in the result of their collaboration with SpaceX, the launch of Dragon cargo spacecraft will be shown in Solar Walk 3D Solar System and Star Walk Stargazing Guide for iOS. iPhone and iPad users of the Walk apps will be the first to follow satellite orbital trajectory in real time, view spacecraft model in great detail and read information on the spacecraft and launch.
Dragon is a free-flying, reusable spacecraft being developed by SpaceX under NASA’s Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program. Initiated internally by SpaceX in 2005, the Dragon spacecraft is made up of a pressurized capsule and unpressurized trunk used for Earth to LEO transport of pressurized cargo, unpressurized cargo, and/or crew members. – SpaceX.com
Solar Walk will be the first iOS application to display the 3D model of the commercially launched spacecraft on iOS. It will display Dragon’s position on the Earth’s orbit in real time as if viewed from space. Star Walk’s augmented reality feature will help viewers on the Earth spot the spacecraft over their current location or show its accurate position at any given time.
Solar Walk is an interactive 3D Solar System model with 10 planets (including a dwarf planet Pluto), 20 moons of the planets, 10 satellites orbiting the Earth, over 100 of the biggest stars, and hundreds of named places on the Moon, Mars, Earth and Venus. The Time Machine feature lets users speed up time backwards or forwards, moving planets and satellites according to their real trajectories.
Star Walk allows users to easily locate and identify 20,000 objects in the night sky. The 360-degree, Multi-Touch star map displays 3D spinning models of constellations, stars, planets, satellites and galaxies currently overhead from anywhere on Earth. With the latest update, users can enjoy unprecedented graphics and interactivity, achieved with the iSight camera and Retina display on the new iPad.
The Star Walk and Solar Walk Apps are available for $4.99 (iPad) and $2.99 (iPhone, iPod touch) from the App Store on iPhone, iPad and iPod touch or at the AppStore.
* U.S. English, Russian, Chinese Simple (HANS), German, Italian, Japanese, French, Spanish, Dutch, Korean, Chinese Traditional, and Arabic
* iPhone, iPod touch, and iPad
* Requires iOS 3.2 or later
* 120 MB
Pricing and Availability:
Solar Walk – 3D Solar System model 1.9.5 is $2.99 USD (or equivalent amount in other currencies) and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Education category. Star Walk – 5 Stars Astronomy Guide 5.7.4 is $2.99 and available worldwide exclusively through the App Store in the Education category.
Based in Alexandria, Virginia, Vito Technology Inc. is headed by CEO Victor Toporkov and has developed an impressive portfolio of products for Windows Mobile since it entered the mobile software market in 2001. The company’s latest endeavors include iOS and Web 2.0 software development. Vito Technology won an Apple Design Award in 2010 for its Star Walk for iPad app. The company consists of two departments: Research & Development Department and Marketing Department with 30 employees in total. Copyright (C) 2011 Vito Technology Inc. All Rights Reserved. Apple, the Apple logo, iPhone, iPod, and iPad are registered trademarks of Apple Inc. in the U.S. and/or other countries.


I had my first lesson with East Coast Aero Club one late afternoon after work last week. I've been meaning to post about it but I've been busy reading textbooks and playing with flight simulators (more on that in a later post). Lauren just mentioned this blog on Will-the-Thrill, though, so it's time to update.
After getting to Hanscom a bit before sunset, I spent some time filling out paperwork and meeting with a senior certified flight instructor (CFI). My CFI has thousands of flight instruction hours under her belt, has been teaching at ECAC for over five years, and came well-recommended by the staff. We spent about 20 minutes waiting for a warm airplane to return to the field for my flight and talked about my reasons for wanting to fly (nothing deep here: it looks fun), my prior experience (countless hours of Microsoft Flight Simulator 4, back in 8th grade on the ol' 386; nothing since), and my plans for pursuing a license. Depending on funding and free time, some people will push through the licensing process in several months, often flying 2 or 3 times a week. Given the family commitments, full-time job, and part-time teaching gigs that eat up a lot of my free time, I am hoping to fly once a week, at which the whole process will probably take closer to a full year. Living less than 5 minutes from the airport makes fitting in lessons easier; so does having an amazing and extremely patient wife. (Thanks again, Laur! I owe you big time for this one)
Because of the late hour of the flight, this was more of an introduction to the aircraft than a very formal first lesson. My CFI led me through an initial tour of the aircraft that I'll likely be flying over the course of my lessons, a 1999 Piper Warrior 4-seater (PA28-161). We performed a pre-flight inspection of the aircraft and went over the basic controls and displays in the cockpit. After that, it was my turn to taxi us to the runway. For those who have never been, Hanscom is a relatively large airfield, with two intersecting runways, nestled under the western edge of Logan's airspace. All flights are under control of a tower, which means that each aircraft has to request clearance to perform take off and landing operations (as opposed to smaller fields where aircraft simply broadcast their intentions on a common frequency that everyone is monitoring). My CFI spoke with the tower and we were directed to runway 29, where we were next in line for takeoff.
Taxiing is a very interesting thing. Speed of the aircraft is regulated by increasing or decreasing the throttle lever, which isn't too different from driving (although done by hand, not by foot), but the similarities end there. During taxiing the throttle is left at a fixed position that puts the aircraft at the constant pace of a "brisk walk" and steering is controlled not by the use of the yoke--which sits there in front of you, like a steering wheel, SCREAMING to be turned--but through the rudder pedals on the floor. Let's just say that suppressing 15 years of driving experience is incredibly difficult in this situation. Before we started moving my CFI suggested I keep my hands firmly in my lap to resist the temptation to grab the flight controls and turn them to stay on course as we followed the yellow taxi lines across the airport. I did my best, but on several occasions my hands shot to the controls on their own accord, although to my credit I caught myself at the last second each time. ("No hands!" comments from my CFI probably didn't hurt).
Once we reached the area before the runway, we performed our run-up checklist to make sure everything was working properly and then pointed the plan down the long strip. After a check-in with the tower, my CFI told me to release the brakes and smoothly increase the throttle and we began traveling down the runway, picking up speed. With her coaching, I pulled gently back on the stabilator controls and we lifted smoothly off the runway - I was flying!!
We slowly climbed, maintaining the runway heading and traveling west from the airport, out towards 495. The highway is a nice visual landmark for the Boston airspace and ECAC's practice area is west of it, just north of what used to be the Ft. Devens army base. In a matter of minutes, we had flown to the practice area and an altitude of 3000 feet. During the transit, my CFI had me get a feel for the aileron (left/right roll), stabilator (up/down pitch), and rudder (left/right turn, or yaw) controls, as well as the elevator trim control, which is used to relive pressure from the yoke so you can maintain a constant airspeed without constantly pulling back or pushing forward on the controls. Once we were in the practice area, I spent a bit of time getting a feel for ascending and descending maneuvers, as well as "coordinated flight," where the left/right rudder pedal controls are used in conjunction with the ailerons to mitigate side-slipping. By this point, the sun had been down for a bit and it was beginning to get dark. We turned back for the airport, which my CFI helped me find (you'd think they would be easier to see from the air, even from a distance). We entered the airport pattern and my CFI took us in for a night landing on runway 29. We made an amazingly gently landing (I only have commercial airliners to compare this to and it is SO much slower in a small plane), taxied back to the terminal, performed our post-flight checklist, and covered the plane for the night. Once we were back in the office, I picked up the official student kit, which includes my very own flight log. I filled in the front page with owner information and proudly handed it to my CFI, who logged the flight time and the major maneuvers we practiced. All said and done, I now have 1.5 hours of logged flight time to my name and am one huge step closer towards earning that private pilot's license. Now the real training begins...


Saturday, April 01, 2006
Bullet-shaped scramjet put to the test
The HyShot team from UQ have tested a new version of their SCRAMjet engine (an engine designed to burn fuel passing through it at supersonic speeds). This test flight is believed to have reached speeds of Mach 7.
March 30th 2006: The HyShot™ IV experimental scramjet test has been conducted today at the Woomera range, 500km north of Adelaide, South Australia at about 1.10pm local time (CDT).
“The rocket launch looked as expected. We had another clean liftoff,” Associate Professor Michael Smart of the UQ HyShot team said.


자동착륙기능이 포함되여있어 왕초보라도 날리수있는 비행기입니다.또한 비행실력에 따라 초급형/중급형/상급형 세가지모드로 조종가능합니다.자동착륙기능(버튼하나로 자동컨틀)외 홀딩 패턴기능(버튼하나로 자동으로 파이럿주위를 맴돌아 비행합니다 ) 그리고 신기한기능중하나는 "가상장벽기능"입니다.즉 비행기가 보이지않을정도로 너무 멀리비행을 방지해주는 기능입니다.
GPS 기능은 완벽한것이 아닙니다. 도움을 주기위한 도구이오니 착오 없으시
기바라며 또한 GPS 기상또는 천재지변으로 인한 문제가 발생 할수 있는점을 유의 하시어 사용하시기 바랍니다.
The HobbyZone Champ S+ RTF Electric Airplane is perfect for new pilots. Whether you’ve never flown RC before or you got your first taste of flying with a multirotor drone, the revolutionary HobbyZone®Champ S+ RTF makes it easier than ever to learn to fly an RC airplane. That’s because it’s equipped with Horizon Hobby’s exclusive SAFE® Plus technology providing the same kind of self-leveling stability and GPS guidance used in advanced drones that can cost thousands of dollars or more. SAFE Plus drone technology can land the airplane for you, keep you from flying too far away, and even lets you virtually "pause" the flight and circle by itself on command. SAFE Plus also includes three flight modes that allow you to learn at your own pace by preventing you from over-controlling the airplane and allowing you to perform basic aerobatic maneuvers when you're ready.
AutoLand:When activated, the advanced AutoLand function puts the Champ S+ on a stabilized approach to autonomously land near the takeoff point. When flying in rougher conditions, you can provide some directional guidance and let the system do the rest to execute a safe landing.
Holding Pattern:Push a button, and the Champ S+ will automatically fly to a point near its takeoff location and circle at an altitude of approximately 65 feet. Once the command is cancelled, you have full control of the aircraft and can continue to fly.
Virtual Fence:It's easy to accidentally let an RC airplane get too far away, but with Virtual Fence worry no more because it creates a virtual boundary the airplane won't fly past. When the Champ S+ encounters the Virtual Fence, it automatically turns around inside the boundary and wags the wings letting you know you have control again.
Panic Recovery:If you ever lose control of the Champ S+, just switch to beginner mode and release the control sticks. SAFE® Plus technology will return the aircraft to level flight.
Flight Envelope Protection:Pitch and roll limits keep the Champ S+ from entering into extreme flight attitudes and conditions.
AS3X®:Works automatically to stabilize the Champ S+ with the sophistication of 3-axis gyros to help battle the influence of turbulence on windy days.
Exclusive SAFE®Plus drone technology from Horizon Hobby
3 Flight modes - Beginner, Intermediate, and Experienced
Innovative AutoLand technology lands the airplane by itself
With Panic Recovery, stable flight is resumed by simply releasing the sticks
Holding Pattern allows you to pause your flight with the push of a button
Virtual Fence keeps you from flying too far away
Durable and lightweight construction so no FAA registration is required
FPV ready using the compatible camera (SPMVA2500) and headset (SPMVR1100) or monitor (SPMVM430) sold separately
280mAh 2S 7.4V 30C LiPo battery providing up to 12+ minutes of flying time
Powerful 2S brushless power system
Specifications: Wingspan: 27.3" (694mm) Overall Length: 18.2" (462mm) Wing Area: 114.5 sq in (738.8 sq cm) Flying Weight: 3.7oz (105g) Motor Size: 180 brushless Radio: Included Servos: Included CG (center of gravity): 1.1-1.4 in. (29-35mm) back from the leading edge Prop Size: 5 x 2.75 Speed Control: Included Recommended Battery: 7.4V 280mAh 2S Landing Gear: Yes


A near miss between a Southwest Airlines flight and a private jet has kickstarted two investigations.
A Cessna jet was cleared to land on the same runway where a Southwest plane was taking off, per Reuters.
A near miss between a Southwest Airlines flight and a private jet where the two planes came within 100 feet of one another on a San Diego runway has sparked investigations from two US authorities.
The pilot captaining the Cessna jet aborted the landing after receiving an alert from the plane's surface surveillance system, the FAA said.
The Cessna jet passed over Southwest's Boeing 737 by around 100 feet, Reuters reported, citing a source briefed on the matter.
Southwest Airlines, Cessna, Reuters, Morning, Federal Aviation Authority, FAA, National Transportation, San Diego International Airport, Boeing, NTSB, Southwest, Transport


Fly Connie Fly!
Complete the 1957 Lockheed Super Constellation.
"Return of a Legend" wrote Lufthansa when in December 2007, they made a bold decision to restore a 1957 Lockheed Super Constellation. This marked the beginning of a worldwide unique project to restore this historic aircraft. An aircraft not destined to be parked in a museum but rather an aircraft which would become a flying monument to honor its legacy.
The L-1649 “Starliner” was the passenger plane that had mastered the North Atlantic in regular non-stop service between the United States and Europe until eventually being replaced by the jet age. With its unique triple-tail and four Wright R-3350 Turbo-Compound radial engines, it was the most advanced propliner ever built. Only 44 of the “Super Stars” rolled out of the Lockheed factory and took-off from the Burbank Airport in California and there's not a single airworthy example of this aircraft flying anywhere in the world today.
Since 2008 hundreds of professionals, both paid and volunteer, have been doing the restoration work at the Auburn-Lewiston Airport purpose built hanger in Auburn, Maine, USA. The aircraft structure has been completely overhauled from the ground up. Aircraft systems and components have been inspected and overhauled by FAA certified specialist workshops, both in-house and off-site. The engines and nacelles, propellers, and landing gear are all overhauled and ready to be installed and flown.
This particular airframe, formerly owned and operated by American companies such as Trans World Airlines and Alaska Airlines, among others, was last flown as a cargo plane and needed original passenger doors re-fitted. So Lufthansa installed the “Konrad Adenauer Door” from a former Lufthansa Super Connie located down in South Africa. German Chancellor Adenauer used that aircraft (and that door!) in his journeys to foreign countries.
As of 2017, the Starliner project was about 85% complete. It could fly once again about a year from now if the work in Auburn is allowed to continue. She would be available to the world public as the only surviving example of the Lockheed L-1649 Super Constellation in existence.
For nearly 10 years, aviation professionals and enthusiasts, and former and future passengers, have accompanied the prosperity of this project, eagerly awaiting the maiden flight of, what has been referred to as, the most beautiful passenger aircraft ever built.
On March 15, an article in the Lewiston-Auburn Newspaper “Sun Journal” announced that the project in Auburn would be shutdown. Lufthansa Technik wants to separate the wings from the fuselage, box up all of the parts and ship everything to Germany.
Aviation experts agree that stopping the project now and separating the fuselage and wing will most likely mean that the most elaborate aircraft restoration project in the world will never take flight again. Dismantling and moving the project would entail costs that could be used to complete the restoration.
Aviation enthusiasts all over the world! Please support this call to the Lufthansa management to complete this project in Auburn and make this unique flying monument available for the public to enjoy.
Dear Mr. Spohr (Chairman Deutsche Lufthansa AG),
Dear Doctor Kley (Chairman Supervisory Board Deutsche Lufthansa AG)
We the undersigned ask you to please reconsider your "stop work" decision and to leave the Lufthansa Starliner Project in Auburn, Maine to be made airworthy again.
Your commitment and that of the many participants and sponsors to this globally unique project has earned the highest respect of the aviation community worldwide. Both Lufthansa and Lufthansa Technik have again proved their dedication to uphold the highest standards within the industry.
Finish the Super Star Constellation in Auburn.
Your experts are there.
Preserve this unique cultural asset of aviation and associated aviation companies, especially that of Deutsche Lufthansa.
Let the public enjoy viewing and possibly flying on the the only airworthy “Starliner” Constellation in the world.
Please don't clip her wings.
Let this bird fly!
Undersign here: http://chn.ge/2FNsDhT


Stephen Riffle 10/26/2022 at 12:25 pm
In 1969, astronaut Neil Armstrong made history as the first person to walk on the moon. As he put his left foot onto the ground, he said “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”
For more than half a century, NASA has been exploring space and making discoveries that not only impact our planet and the universe, but all of humankind. In 2000, NASA along with other space agencies, opened the International Space Station (ISS), which is home to the U.S. National Laboratory (ISS National Lab). This world-class lab focuses on advancing scientific knowledge and demonstrating new technologies, to make research breakthroughs not possible on Earth – to “boldly go where no man has before” (for all of you Trekkies!).
Part of the biomedical research underway on the ISS is the Tissue-Chips in Space initiative sponsored by NIH’s National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS). The ISS National Lab provides an environment where researchers can study human health and diseases in microgravity, allowing them to isolate the effects of gravity from other factors that can impact cell function.
While in space, astronauts experience physiological changes that often reverse when they return to Earth. To mimic this, various types of tissue and organ chips, such as bone/cartilage, bone marrow, heart, kidney, lung and intestine, as well as those that model the immune system and blood/brain barrier (BBB), have been used to study the effects of microgravity on the human body. Currently, Brain-Chips are on board the space station to investigate the differences in cytokine production, BBB permeability and morphology that are involved in brain physiology, as well as disease and drug response. This summer, muscle and immune chips arrived at the lab to examine how microgravity impacts muscle loss and the relationship between immune aging and healing.
I’m curious to hear what you think of this far-out research. What kind of chips would you send to space and what would you hope to learn?
Stephen Riffle 10/26/2022 at 12:27 pm
Also, forgot to mention that last week I stumbled onto this paper while putting together a research roundup: Check it out and lmk if it prompts any thoughts, scientific or otherwise.
- You must be logged in to reply to this topic.


2 edition of Soviet cosmonautics 1957-1969 found in the catalog.
Soviet cosmonautics 1957-1969
by R. Beard
Written in English
|Statement||by Robert Beard.|
[+] Cosmonautics Day celebrated on Ap in Moscow, Russia, Wednesday Ap Cosmonautics Day marks when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to . Moscow's Cosmonautics Museum is dedicated to showcasing the important role Russia played in the space race during the 20th century.
Author: Topic: FS: Cosmonauts signed postcards, books: soviet space Member. Posts: From: Registered: Jan posted AM. This is a list of cosmonauts who have taken part in the missions of the Soviet space program and the Russian Federal Space Agency, including ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.. Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia are marked with an asterisk and their place of birth is shown in an additional list.. For the full plain lists of Russian and Soviet cosmonauts in.
Space, Satellite Pin. USSR Cosmonautics. Soviet Pin. Collectible Badge. Made in USSR. Soviet PIN Measurement: x cm5/5(). The First Group of Female Cosmonauts Were Trained to Conquer the Final Frontier Two decades before the first American woman flew to space, a .
A review of alternative strategies for improving farmer-managed irrigation systems in Sri Lanka
Rural water supplies in Africa
Airborne rotary air separator study
Manpower shortage and the fall of the Roman Empire in the West.
Gazetteer : 1735-1797
History of the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University, 1846-1922
strength of imagination in pregnant women examind
Two remarkable skulls from the New Hebrides
commercial exploitation of shrimp Palaemon serratus (Pennant) in Ireland
Gages instructions: Thomas Gage.
directory of sources of assistance on educational technology for development
The pragmatic test
Education, England and Wales
So2 Control Processes For Non-Ferrous Smelters.
A water-to-water heat pump using hydrocarbon and hydrofluorocarbon zeotropic mixtures with and without an internal heat exchanger
This book is a unique record of the Soviet space program. It covers the history of the whole program. The pictures and graphics are a special treat for any space enthusiast.
The are so many pictures you won't find anywhere else. There are full-page cut-away drawings of the spacecraft and space stations.5/5(3). Soviet cosmonautics a bibliography of articles published in British periodicals and of British and foreign books. Your Web browser is not enabled for. Soviet VDNKh and Cosmonautics Museum Tour Delve into the history of Soviet-era Moscow with guided visits to VDNKh and the Museum of Cosmonautics.
Learn about how the USSR shaped space travel and technology and explore a government-sponsored showcase to Soviet industry that remains in. Before beginning this guide, it should be noted that in Russia, the Cosmonautics Day is celebrated on April 12 th, which is a special day established in to commemorate the first manned space trip, as it took place on April 12 th, by the Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, on board the Vostok 1 spacecraft that orbited the Earth for the first time.
It is a day of celebrations related to cosmonautics. Russia has published an unprecedented book, Soviet cosmonautics 1957-1969 book Manned Cosmonautics, revealing for the first time secrets of all the manned programs realized in the USSR, Russia, the.
The Space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (russian: Космическая программа в СССР; translit. Kosmicheskaya programma v SSSR), commonly known as the Soviet space program, was the national space program of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) active from the 's until the federation's disbandment in Things To Do in, Moscow - Franchise Opportunity.
My Guide Moscow is part of the global My Guide Network of Online & Mobile travel guides. Our Complete Website Solution frees up the time, cost and technical expertise required to build and operate your own successful online travel business.
The Museum of Cosmonautics can be crowded, so we recommend booking e-tickets ahead of time to secure your spot. If you book with Tripadvisor, you can cancel at least 24 hours before the start date of your tour for a full refund.
See all 20 The Museum of Cosmonautics tickets and tours on Tripadvisor/5(K). What there is to see: The Monument to the Conquerors of Space is a fantastic example of Soviet sculptural modernism.
Its soaring needle is clad in shining silver titanium and its shape recalls the thrust of a rocket during its launch. And indeed, right at the top is a little silver rocket not a realistic one like the then Soviet Rderived launchers but more a comic-book classic design.
Aleksandr Borisovich Zheleznyakov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Бори́сович Железняко́в; born Janu ) is a specialist in design and production of rocket and Born: Janu (age 62), Leningrad.
Cosmonautics Day is an anniversary celebrated in Russia and some other former USSR countries on 12 April. In Poland an "International Day of Aviation and Cosmonautics" is celebrated on the same day. In12 April was declared as the International Day of Human Space Flight in dedication of the first manned space flight made on 12 April by the year-old Russian Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin Date: 12 April.
Soviet Space Mythologies: Public Images, Private Memories, and the Making of a Cultural Identity (Russian and East European Studies) [Gerovitch, Slava] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying offers. Soviet Space Mythologies: Public Images, Private Memories, and the Making of a Cultural Identity (Russian and East European Studies)Cited by: 8.
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Soviet T-Shirt Cosmonauts USSR Space Program Vintage Russia. Glory to the communist party of the soviet union & celebration for the soviet space program Memorial museum of cosmonautics.
Gagarin, Titov, Nikolayev and Popovich - the first four cosmonauts in space. Journey back in time to the days of the Soviet Union on a sightseeing tour of Moscow. Hear about the space programs of the USSR and learn the history of the Moscow Metro and the beautiful stations of the vast underground museum.
Soviet Space Mythologies: Public Images, Private Memories, and the Making of a Cultural Identity (Russian and East European Studies) - Kindle edition by Gerovitch, Slava. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Soviet Space Mythologies: Public Images, Private Memories, and the Making of a 5/5(2).
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out of 5 stars Cosmonautics Book Review Reviewed in the United States on Octo I have owned a copy of this book for years and didn't realize that it had become this collectible or expensive until I started looking for a copy to give my brother-in-law.5/5. In June,an article appeared in the Soviet journal Radio, by one V.
Vakhnin, alerting radio specialists on how to tune in on an orbiting satellite's signal. Major General John B. Medaris, Von Braun's boss at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency. Astronautics, Nov.p. Ibid., p.
Interview with Valentina Ponomareva. Moscow, In Valentina Ponomareva graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute and went to work for the Applied Mathematics Division of the Mathematical Institute of the Soviet Academy of Sciences. At the same time, she was training as a pilot at the Tushino aviation club.Autographed Cosmonautics Book.
Authentic/Autographed Cosmonautics Book Part of the Soviet Moon project, Restructuring the aerospace industry, Commonwealth space agreement, Launches of unmanned space objects in the USSR inComposition of MIR complex, Works performed on the orbital complex MIR, Transport operations with orbital complex.Get the best deals on PSE Russian & Soviet Union Stamps when you shop the largest online selection at Free shipping on many items Make Offer - Sc Cosmonautics Day Scott set of 4 stamps.
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2 edition of Recent advances in aerospace medicine found in the catalog.
Recent advances in aerospace medicine
International Congress of Aviation and Space Medicine (18th 1969 Amsterdam)
|Statement||edited by Douglas E. Busby.|
|Contributions||Busby, Douglas E.|
Series: Advances in Space Biology and Medicine Space biology and medicine is a relatively young field concerned with the study of the effects of the space environment (low gravity and radiation) on . Advances in Aerospace Engineering has ceased publication and is no longer accepting submissions. All previously published articles are available through the Table of Contents. The journal is archived in Portico and via the LOCKSS initiative, which provides permanent archiving for .
Keywords: Aerospace Engineering, Aircraft Engineering, Aerospace Application, Aerospace Technology, Aircraft Technology, Aerospace Sciences. The book is intended for practical engineers, researchers, students and other people whom would like to enlighten the . Title: Book-Review - Recent Advances in the Aerospace Sciences: Authors: Casci, C.; Ruzicka, B. Publication: ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCI. V, NO. 2/JUNII, P
Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for Advances in Ulcer Disease by Holtermuller, K. -H at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products! item 5 Recent Advances in Aerospace Medicine: Former Library book. Great condition for a used book! Minimal wear. % Money Back Guarantee. South Henry Street Alexandria, VA Phone: () Fax: ()
Heywood Williams group ltd. 1969-1979.
brief information of the National Central Library.
Wallace Nutting, general catalog.
An account of the American Antiquarian Society
lying stones of Dr. Johann Bartholomew Adam Beringer
With lens and brush
Tobacco in Australia
Malcolm Hilliers Wreaths/Garl
bibliographic index of North American late Paleozoic Hyolitha, Amphineura, Scaphopoda, and Gastropoda
Cleveland collects modern art
Recent Advances in Aerospace Medicine Proceedings XVIII International Congress of Aviation and Space Medicine Amsterdam This book is a collection of scientific papers presented at the XVIII International Congress of Aviation and Space Medicine held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, from September The Free Communications.
This book is a collection of scientific papers presented at the XVIII International Congress of Aviation and Space Medicine held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, from September It is dedicated to General E.
de Vries and Dr. Vaan drager, President and Vice-President of the Congress, Brand: Springer Netherlands. Fundamentals of Aerospace Medicine Currently unavailable. Now in its Fourth Edition with a new editorial team, this comprehensive text addresses all medical and public health issues involved in the care of crews, passengers, and support personnel of aircraft and space vehicles.4/5(4).
Recent advances in aerospace medicine. Proceedings, XVIII International Congress of Aviation and Space Medicine, Amsterdam, In recent years, much progress has been made on the development of aerospace materials for structural and engine applications. Alloys, such as Al-based alloys, Mg-based alloys, Ti-based alloys, and Ni-based alloys, are developed for aerospace industry with outstanding by: Get this from a library.
Medico-legal aspects of aviation. Recent advances in aerospace medicine; life support and physiology. [North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Advisory Group for Aerospace Research and Development. Aerospace Medical Panel.].
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RECENT ADVANCES IN AEROSPACE MEDICINE Proceedings XVIII International Congress o [Douglas E (Editor) BUSBY] on *FREE* shipping on qualifying : Douglas E (Editor) BUSBY. Advances in Medical Sciences is an international, peer-reviewed journal that welcomes original research articles and reviews on current advances in life sciences, preclinical and clinical medicine, and related disciplines.
The Journal’s primary aim is to make every effort to contribute to progress in medical sciences. The strive is to bridge laboratory and clinical settings with cutting. Over the past few years, the aerospace industry has seen countless innovations coming to fruition with many more on the horizon.
Here are six emerging aerospace technologies you’ll want to know about: 1. Zero-Fuel Aircraft. The idea of a zero-fuel aircraft has gained a lot of traction recently in both civil and commercial sectors. Vijay Kumar Thakur is currently a Permanent Faculty in the School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, UK.
Some of his other prior significant appointments include being a Research Scientist in Temasek Laboratories at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore () and a Visiting Research Fellow in the Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering at.
The recent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as nCoV) outbreak has engulfed an unprepared world amidst a festive season.
The zoonotic SARS-CoV-2, believed to have originated from infected bats, is the seventh member of enveloped RNA coronavirus. Specifically, the overall genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 is % identical to that of bat.
Originally published by Bentham and now distributed by Elsevier, Recent Advances in Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 1 covers leading-edge research and recent developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, drug targets, and natural product research and structure.
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Anomaly detection is an active area of research with numerous methods and applications. This survey reviews the state-of-the-art of data-driven anomaly detection techniques and their application to the aviation domain. After a brief introduction to the main traditional data-driven methods for anomaly detection, we review the recent advances in the area of neural networks, deep learning and Author: Luis Basora, Xavier Olive, Thomas Dubot.
Infrared thermography (IRT) is a non-contact, non-invasive methodology which allows for detection of thermal energy that is radiated from objects in the infrared band of the electromagnetic spectrum, for conversion of such energy into a visible image (such as a surface temperature map).
This feature represents a great potential to be exploited in a vast variety of fields from aerospace to. In this book, the most accurate and current materials were gathered, reviewed, and presented by an exceptional group of experts.
This book presents state-of-the-art and current developments and applications in aerospace. This is a Part II continuation book of previously published edited book composed of the following. The book will look at advances in medicine and surgery that improved the lot of the American soldier.
In particular, the book will examine the impact of disease upon troop strength, which had special impact in the Revolutionary War through the post-Civil War period.
Forward surgery in the modern sense came of age in World War I. Aeromed Rev. Mar;(1) Recent advances in aerospace medicine. Kendall WF Jr. PMID: [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] Publication Types:Cited by: Aerospace medicine focuses on the clinical care, research, and operational support of the health, safety, and performance of crewmembers and passengers of air and space vehicles, together with the support personnel who assist operation of such vehicles.
Understanding of the 5 basic gas laws aids understanding of aeromedically significant effects, specifically hypoxia, volume changes at higher. Recent Advances in the Aerospace Sciences In Honor of Luigi Crocco on His Seventy-fifth Birthday.International Journal of Recent Advances in Medical & Pharma Research.
International Journal of Recent Advances in Medical & Pharma Research is a scholarly peer review, open access, refereed journal established with the aim of focuses on integrating theory, research and practice in the area of Medical and Pharmaceutical Researches and Developments.Advances in aerospace science and technology.
most are inadequate in elucidating the various advanced technologies developed in recent years. publishing a book in which prominent.


Suyash Singh is the co-founder and CEO at GalaxEye Space, a space technology company building the world's first multi-sensor Earth-imaging satellites. Suyash has a degree in Aerospace Engineering from the Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Suyash was previously the founder of Team Avishkar Hyperloop, the team that built India's first-ever self-propelled hyperloop pod prototype. At Team Avishkar Hyperloop, Suyash spearheaded the team to become the only Asian finalist and one among the top 21 out of 2500 global applicants at the SpaceX competition. Suyash holds 6+ years of Industry experience in Deep Learning & Big Data Analytics. He has also been invited to speak at various top forums, including TEDx, and was named among the top 50 rising stars recognized by Geospatial World.