Air traffic controllers are responsible for maintaining organization and structure within our airports. Their duties include issuing pilots with landing and take-off instructions, and monitoring and directing the movement of aircraft in the air and on the ground using computers, radar, or visual references. They also control all ground traffic at airports, including airport workers and baggage vehicles.
By accepting control of incoming flights and transferring control of departing flights to traffic control centers, they manage communications. Additionally, they provide pilots with information regarding runway closures, the weather, and any other important information. Lastly, they are also responsible for alerting airport response staff if there is an aircraft emergency.
A police investigation in November 2016 revealed that two air traffic controllers at the Boise Airport tower were not tested for drug use until four days after an incident led to the loss of communication at the tower. On Saturday, November 19, 2016, emergency medical helicopters confirmed that communication between pilots flying in the area and the tower was lost. The Marketing Manager for Boise Airport, Sean Briggs, informed KBOI 2News that airport officials were unable to communicate with the tower at 2:30 a.m.
Airport operations reacted by asking the police and fire department to check if all was well at the tower. Air St. Lukes confirmed that at the time, they had two helicopters flying and that all communication was indeed lost with the control tower. Their pilots radioed in and communicated their intentions but received no response from the control tower. Talking to KBOI 2News, Idaho Helicopter said that temporary disruption in communication does occur at times but there are procedures to be followed under such circumstances. Their pilots followed these procedures without incident.
According to a police report, the officers were directed to the elevator by a man once they entered the building housing the control tower. The man then opened what looked like a personal locker in a hallway on the opposite side before joining the officers in the elevator. Once they reached the tower cab, the man loudly announced to his colleague that the cops were around. The police reported that they smelled what was most likely the smell of marijuana in the tower but they were unable to find physical evidence of marijuana, leading to no arrests.
The Boise Guardian reported that the air traffic controllers appeared as though they had just woken up, as described by the police, and were sharing a pizza. They kept telling the officers that everything was "just fine" and grinned even as the officers tried reminding them of the significance of their air traffic control duties. They also kept downplaying the seriousness of ignoring aircraft radio calls.
Without evidence of marijuana in trash bins or any open areas, the police could not arrest them.
The Public Affairs Manager of the FAA, Ian Gregor, informed KBOI 2News that according to an internal investigation, one of the two controllers fell asleep after the other controller left the facility temporarily. He added that the two controllers both went through drug testing after the incident and that their results came back negative. The controllers both returned back to work shortly after the incident occurred.
Boise Airport made the FAA management aware of their concerns after the two air traffic controllers, who had scheduled days off for the next two days, left. The employees were, therefore, drug tested on November 23, 2016, four days after the incident occurred. The FAA was also furnished with the incident report by the Boise PD (BPD) report. Gregor says that the FAA was made aware of the occurrence of the incident before being furnished with the police report.
According to Gregor, the Boise air traffic manager reported the incident to the Boise police department on the day of the incident, immediately after she was informed of the marijuana smell issue. She was, however, informed that the responding officers did not file a report before leaving work on their way home. Additionally, the FAA got verbal communication on the incident on November 22 but received the actual report on the incident on November 23.
When asked why the drug tests were not performed sooner (when the FAA was informed of the allegation) by KBOI 2News reporter, Jeff Platt, Gregor responded that based on the circumstances, a judgment call was made.
This judgment call most likely altered the drug testing results according to the lab manager of United Drug Testing in Boise, Chris Grisaffi. Under federal guidelines, the FAA cutoffs for marijuana are 50 nanograms per milliliter while other employers may have a zero-tolerance policy to marijuana or cutoffs of as low as 20 nanograms. The manager added that it was worth noting that a strong joint of marijuana packs around 200 nanograms and that the half-life of marijuana is 24 hours.
This means that after every 24 hours, half of the marijuana in someone's system disappears. With this information, you can infer that after four days without drug testing, the levels of marijuana in the air traffic controllers' systems would have been lower than the FAA cutoff of 50 nanograms. Under FAA guidelines, the air traffic controllers definitely passed the drug testing. Despite passing their drug tests, Grisaffi asserts that it is very possible that the said employees could have been smoking marijuana in the air traffic control tower on the night of the incident.
The mission of the FAA is to provide the safest and most efficient aerospace globally. It's responsible for regulating all aspects of civil aviation in the USA inclusive of constructing and operating airports, managing air traffic, aircraft, and personnel certification, and protecting US assets during reentry or launch of commercial space vehicles. The association said that it would not comment on any disciplinary measures that could or could not have been carried out against the air traffic controllers in question. It's hoped that such an incident does not occur again.


Cessna Authorized Service Facility
Maintenance is available Mon. – Fri. from 8:00am – 5:00pm.
Mechanics are available on weekends for a call out fee.
Maintenance customers get a fuel discount
Hotel reservations and car rentals can be arranged by our CSR
An Authorized Customer Service and Support Facility designation means
Suncoast Air Center400 Airport Ave E Venice, FL 34285 Phone: 941-485-1799 Fax: 941-485-1699
Phillips 66 Fuel
Suncoast Air Center is proud to be a Phillips 66 supplied facility, and we accept nearly every contract fuel program (WorldFuel, Colt, UVAir, Mariah, Mercury Fuels and more). We also offer discounts for those customers using their Phillips 66 cards on both Full Service and Self Service fuel as well as volume discounts. Bottom line- we can save you money.


The British government expressed its ambition to increase its share of the global space economy up to 10% by 2030. Achieving such a daunting target will not be easy; it will require serious improvements in the domestic space industry, involvement of both private and public capital, as well as an efficient governmental strategy if Britain is to become the space power it aspires to be.
Compared to NASA, the UK Space Agency is a relatively insignificant player, which hinders the country’s vast ambitions. But the British space industry has a couple of aces up its sleeve. Does Britain have what it takes to become one of the world’s leading space-faring nations? Well, the short answer is yes, it most certainly has. In this article, we are going to take a closer look at the current state of the space industry in the UK.
British History in Space Exploration
Everybody knows about the space race between the US and Soviet Union that started back in the 1950s, but people tend to forget about the third country that entered the race after the two superpowers. Britain became the third space-faring nation in history, right after the USSR and the US, with the launch of the Ariel-1 satellite in 1962.
The engineering solutions of British scientists like Francis Thomas Bacon, who developed the first hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, were used in the Apollo missions in the US. British engineering and scientific effort have allowed for the creation of successful progressive technologies. One of the prominent developments in this area was the Black Arrow rocket that was used for four launches between 1969 and 1971, with the last sending British satellite Prospero into space.
The Black Arrow programme was cancelled in 1971 as the Ministry of Defence decided that the American Scout rocket was cheaper to launch. Later, the first UK-built deep space mission, Giotto spacecraft, was launched in 1985, becoming the first European spacecraft of its kind. And in 1991, Helen Sherman became the first British person in space and the first woman to visit the Mir space station.
Of course, there have been some spectacular failures over the years. In most cases, the problems were caused by the lack of interest in space exploration; the government simply didn’t consider space exploration to be an economically viable endeavour. Failures such as the Beagle-2 Mars landing mission did not help either.
However, in recent years, the government has been paying closer attention to the potential merits of space exploration. In 2018, the Space Growth Partnership came up with a “Prosperity from Space” strategy aimed at decreasing the cost of launches, increasing the reliability of payload transfers, and creating new launch facilities.
What’s already available in the UK
The UK has a history of achievements in space exploration as well as a solid base for further development. Innovative thinking, financial resources, and expertise in satellite manufacturing make the country a strong competitor in the global space market.
Attractive technology and innovation sector
2019 was a good year for the British tech sector as investments skyrocketed up to $13.2 billion. The number of tech companies soared high after a huge investment influx of 44% compared to 2018, beating those in the US and China. And this trend has been going strong in 2021. Today, the UK is one of the best places to start a tech company, quickly becoming the global unicorn. Even now, the UK is home to more billion-dollar tech companies than any other country in Europe.
Such growth in the tech industry means that the government looks to the future and sees a huge potential for innovation. As of now, businesses are urging the government to advance the vision for space exploration. The ideas included setting the Space Innovation Fund at £150 million a year, creating a National Procurement Fund of £250 million per year to support the use of British space technologies, and establishing a Space Delivery Agency for complex hi-tech initiatives.
Strong satellite manufacturing
With a number of recent successful satellite launches, including the March 23, 2021 ELSA-d mission, it seems that Britain has its satellite manufacturing program on the right track. The importance of the ELSA-d mission is its core objective – space debris removal. The ELSA-d mission will prove vital for further development of not only British but international space efforts. Even now, Scotland produces more satellites than any other European country, and local AAC Clyde Space is involved in 40% of all worldwide missions to launch CubeSat satellites.
Rocket development effort
After the Black Arrow programme shutdown, Britain’s rocket manufacturing has slowed considerably. This does not mean that Britain has no ambitions for having its own means of delivering payloads to orbit.
On January 17, 2021, we saw the first test flight of a new Virgin LauncherOne vehicle carried by the Cosmic Girl. The carrier was developed within a British multinational venture capital conglomerate. Basically, Cosmic Girl is a plane carrying a rocket to the near orbit altitude from where the rocket makes a flight to the orbit.
Also, companies such as Orbex and Skyrora have been making improvements in their rocket designs. The first Orbex Prime orbital rocket maiden flight is scheduled for late 2022. After that, the Prime rockets will be delivering the Astrocast satellites to orbit. Skyrora also plans to launch its three-stage Skyrora XL rocket by the end of 2022. What we see here is a real competition between the privately-owned corporations entering the space race.
What are the growth factors?
Despite the already vibrant and booming space industry, the UK still has strong potential and many ways to improve.
Rocket launches from British soil
Britain is gaining momentum in its space race efforts, and to cement its position as one of the world’s leading space powers, the UK plans to create several launch sites. It has been stated repeatedly by government officials that Britain has a goal to become the first country in Europe to have an operational launch site, and there is a good chance that we’ll see the first UK launches taking place next year.
The government will issue spaceflight licences allowing corporations to conduct launches. Besides, the government itself has already provided funding to three potential spaceports and rocket-makers. Among them are an international conglomerate with American roots, Lockheed Martin, and Orbex with management from Denmark and Germany, that plan to launch from Sutherland and Shetland space centres. With such initiatives, Britain will likely become not just the only country in Europe to have a launch site but also the one with the most launch sites.
Green initiatives for sustainable space
The orbit is filled with all kinds of man-made garbage that can damage and destroy operational satellites or prevent us from launching rockets into deep space. The amount of garbage grows with every new launch. And though this might not sound like a big deal at this exact moment, in several decades, the amount of space debris in orbit might become large enough to make space exploration practically impossible.
As for the green methods of sending rockets into space, we currently don’t know of a way to lift heavy objects off the ground and send them into space without burning fuel. However, we can still make the manufacturing of the rocket parts and launch site maintenance more sustainable to reduce the environmental footprint. The UK course for renewable sources of energy will surely impact the space industry. Rocket developers are already using eco-fuel; consider Skyrora as an example. Furthermore, ecological activists are having a say about spaceports development as seen in the case of the Sutherland space hub at A’ Mhòine.
Britain has a long history in space, and it is going to take a new exciting leap in the near future. Space is a source of valuable resources and the country that gets the biggest share of those resources is going to be the world’s biggest superpower. The government knows that, and for that reason, we see a huge boost of interest in space exploration.
Space also offers new opportunities for commerce, which pushes the privately-owned corporation further. And with the heavy investment in the tech sector, we are sure to see rapid developments in the space tech and commerce sector in the near future. Britain does have what it takes to become one of the world’s largest space powers. With things going steadily, a well-developed space strategy, and strong government support to local incentives, it will reach its goal of taking 10% of the global space market by 2030.


Artificial intelligence is the United States’ undetectable weapon. Our expertise as a seasoned SEO and copywriter will be put to use to create an article that not only meets but also exceeds your requirements.
The cutting-edge stealth bomber of the US, the B-21 Raider.
The newest stealth bomber in the US arsenal, the B-21 Raider, is expected to completely transform the air force’s capabilities. Here are five things to know about the B-21 Raider.
It makes use of cutting-edge stealth technology.
The B-21 Raider is an extremely efficient weapon for missions requiring stealth because it is built to be virtually invisible to radar detection. The aircraft can fly under enemy radar systems both literally and figuratively thanks to its cutting-edge design and advanced materials that are challenging to detect for enemy radar systems.
Its navigation is driven by artificial intelligence.
The B-21 Raider’s use of artificial intelligence (AI) for navigation is one of its most intriguing features. The aircraft has a highly developed onboard computer system that analyzes data from various sources, including sensors and satellites, to make autonomous decisions about flight paths and mission objectives. This implies that the B-21 Raider can function without constant human intervention in challenging and complex environments.
Its range can go as far as 6,000 miles.
The B-21 Raider can complete missions anywhere in the world because of its 6,000-mile maximum range. The range of this stealth bomber is a significant improvement over earlier stealth bombers’ much shorter ranges. The B-21 Raider is more adaptable and efficient for a variety of missions because it can travel further distances without refueling.
It is capable of transporting both conventional and nuclear weapons.
Both conventional and nuclear weapons can be carried by the adaptable B-21 Raider aircraft. It can thus perform a variety of tasks, from precision strikes to strategic nuclear deterrence, making it a very potent weapon in the arsenal of the United States.
Midway through the 2020s is when it’s expected to go into service.
A mid-2020s service launch is planned for the B-21 Raider, which is currently under development. The US Air Force intends to add at least 100 of these cutting-edge bombers to its fleet of stealth aircraft, which will be a significant improvement.
Last but not least, the B-21 Raider is a state-of-the-art stealth bomber that will go into service in the middle of the 2020s and uses artificial intelligence to navigate. It is an incredibly potent weapon in the arsenal of the United States, featuring cutting-edge stealth technology, a long range, and the capacity to carry both conventional and nuclear weapons. The nation’s dedication to maintaining its leadership in military technology and capabilities is amply illustrated by the B-21 Raider.


An Amazon Top 30 Science Fiction author, Chris Kennedy is a former aviator with over 3,000 hours flying attack and reconnaissance aircraft for the United States Navy, including many missions supporting U.S. Special Forces. Chris is currently working as an Instructional Systems Designer for the Navy.
Chris’ full length novels on Amazon include the “Occupied Seattle” military fiction duology (“Red Tide: The Chinese Invasion of Seattle” and “Occupied Seattle”) and “The Theogony” science fiction trilogy (“Janissaries,” “When the Gods Aren’t Gods” and “Terra Stands Alone”). Chris is currently working on a new fantasy novel and a fourth book set in the Theogony universe.
Catch up with Chris at http:/


PROBLEM IN SPACE DEVELOPMENT
With the rapid development of private space companies, and the miniaturization of space satellites, ridesharing to space - i.e. launching multiple satellites into the same orbit using a single rocket - has become the most common way to send satellites into space. Ridesharing has the advantages of increased launch opportunities and reduced launch costs, however, there are no safe and high thrust propulsion systems that rideshare satellite can use to travel the “last mile” to more desirable orbits. Most small satellites remain stuck in the rideshare orbit, and space developers are limited to a narrow range of orbits.
Propulsion Devices(Kick Motor)
Image of Satellites Ridesharing
Trade-offs in Propulsion Systems
While these propulsion systems are relatively safe, they take a much longer time to travel, because they produce only about 1/100,000 of the propulsive power of liquid fuel. Also, their slow speeds lead to other challenges, such as prolonged exposure to Earth's radiation belts, which damage the satellite's solar cells, integrated circuits, electronic components, and sensors, and/or the need to constantly power the propulsion system.
Liquid fuels can provide high propulsive force; however, they lead to large safety management costs for fuel handling, and system redundancy. The smaller the size of liquid fuel propulsion systems, the larger the proportion of safety management and risk reduction costs become. Therefore, using liquid fuels as propulsion systems for small satellites is not suitable for private companies which need to keep the costs of production as low as possible.
Comparison of Thrust Levels
・Ions Propulsion : 0.001 N
・Water Vapor Propulsion : 0.002 N
・Gas Propulsion : 1.000 N
・Liquid Fuel Propulsion: 100.000 N
HYBRID PROPULSION SYSTEM
In 2017, the Hokkaido University Laboratory of Space Systems was selected to become a JAXA Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS) Joint University Collaboration Center, or "University Space Hub," with the aim to accelerate research and development of hybrid propulsion to enable rideshare-based deep space exploration missions.
Hybrid propulsion is the subcategory of chemical propulsion that utilizes the combustion of a solid (state) fuel, and liquid (or gaseous state) oxidizer for creating a propulsive force. Since solid fuels are inherently non-toxic, non-flammable, and non-explosive, hybrid propulsion is the safest type of chemical propulsion.
Letara is working on research and development of this hybrid propulsion technology for small spacecraft to provide safe and fast “last-mile delivery” in space, and to be the driving force of a logistics network covering the entire solar system.
A high thrust on the order of 100 N is produced for the rapid orbital transfer of small satellites - note that this is no less than the thrust of liquid fuel systems.
*100 N = 10kg on the ground
*40,000 N (and various thrust levels in between) have been demonstrated in experiments of Hokkaido University.
Since it is made from common plastic, the fuel can be handled with bare hands.
*NFPA 704 Fire Diamond standard (4 is the most dangerous, 0 is completely safe), established by the National Fire Protection Association to indicate chemical hazards
Letara's systems have a Toxicity of 2 - Flammability of 0 - and Explosiveness of 0 So there is are no special requirements for storing or handling our systems.
Recycled plastics can be used, and also any other types of solid hydrocarbons can be used as a fuel. The raw material costs are low, the size and shape can be customized with COTS 3D printers, manufacturing costs are low, the system is highly scalable, long-term storage is simply, and we can help put plastic waste on the ground to good use!
Notoriously difficult to combust, yet safe and high-density oxidizers can be used reliable for the first time.
*Patent pending technology
Performance Simulation Program
The leading edge analysis program enables nozzle erosion prediction and more accurate performance evaluation
Proprietary low-voltage , low power solid fuel (re-)ignition system to expand the range of applications in space
*Patent pending technology
Optimum Design Program
This program allows for maximum propulsive performance while placing the necessary components in a limited space for ridesharing.
Japan's only vacuum combustion test facility for small-scale space propulsion enables rapid development and testing on the ground.
Ground Testing Expertise
Highly accurate performance prediction based on >20 years of experimental research experience and proprietary algorithms


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Enter GSUSA’s “To the Moon and Back” essay contest and win a space science badge that’s been to the moon!
In early 2022, NASA will launch the Artemis I mission around the Moon and back to Earth—a step toward its goal of sending the first woman and the first person of color to the Moon. Here’s the exciting news: Girl Scout Daisies through Ambassadors can enter the Girl Scouts to the Moon and Back Essay Contest between January 18 and March 1, 2022, for the chance to win a space science badge that’s been to the moon on the Artemis I. Fifteen winners from each Girl Scout level will be selected.
Click the link to check out the official contest rules, complete a Space Science badge activity, and submit a contest entry.


If you're a hobbyist or an enthusiast looking for a stable hobby class helicopter with quality sound output， then you're in luck！ Today， there are several options available in the market that provide an exceptional flying experience coupled with impressive sound quality. Let's explore some of these options below.
One of the top contenders in this category is the DJI Mavic Pro Platinum. Known for its stable flight， the Mavic Pro Platinum offers an immersive experience with its enhanced sound output. It features redesigned propellers and motor controllers that make it 60% quieter than its predecessor， ensuring a peaceful flight experience. Whether you're capturing stunning aerial footage or simply enjoying a leisurely flight， the Mavic Pro Platinum will provide you with crisp and clear sound while maintaining its stability even in challenging conditions.
Another excellent choice is the Yuneec Typhoon H Pro. Equipped with an advanced six-rotor design， this hobby class helicopter offers excellent stability and maneuverability. With its enhanced audio system， you can enjoy a high-quality sound output that adds to the overall flying experience. The Typhoon H Pro also comes with a built-in Intel RealSense technology that provides obstacle detection and avoidance， further enhancing its reliability and safety.
For those looking for a more affordable option， the Syma S107G is worth considering. While it may not match the sound quality of more expensive models， it still delivers a decent audio experience. The S107G is known for its stability， making it perfect for beginners or casual users. Its compact design and durable build ensure that it can withstand crashes and bumps without compromising its flight capabilities.
If you're seeking a professional-grade helicopter with exceptional sound quality， the Autel Robotics X-Star Premium is worth considering. This high-end hobby class helicopter features a 4K Ultra HD camera， providing stunning video footage， while its sound system produces crystal-clear audio. The X-Star Premium is known for its stable flight， making it suitable for various applications， including aerial photography and videography.
In conclusion， finding a stable hobby class helicopter with quality sound output is possible with the options available in the market today. Whether you're a beginner or a professional， there is a helicopter that suits your needs. From the DJI Mavic Pro Platinum to the Syma S107G， you can enjoy a stable flight experience coupled with impressive sound quality. So， grab your chosen helicopter， put on your headphones， and get ready for an amazing audiovisual experience in the sky！


cordially invite you to a seminar given by Ben Shelef on the
Space Elevator From Science Fiction to Science Reality"
December 6th, 7PM
Who: Silicom Ventures members only, limited space,
based on availability.
Please RSVP to info@silicomventures.
Space Elevator is probably the most daring Space access proposal on
the drawing boards today, promising to open a literal gateway from
Earth to space and enable large-scale space commercialization. This
presentation by the Spaceward Foundation is a light-technical talks
that covers the history, basic concept, and future prospects of the
the Speaker: Ben Shelef is the Founder and CEO of Spaceward
Foundation. Ben is an aerospace engineer by day, Ben dons the mask
and cape of space crusader by night, and engages in daring escapades
such as Space Elevator games and robotic challenges. Ben holds a
B.Sc. in electrical and computer engineering from the Technion university
in Haifa, Israel. He previously worked on ground and space based
astronomical instrument design, and is now working as director of
Marketing at g2-engineering in Mountain View, CA.


What's the most-visited museum in the world? The Louve? Nope. The Met? Nope. It's the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum! Who needs Raphael and Da Vinci when you can have airplanes and rockets?
Since I'm no expert on aeronautics or astronautics, this post will contain very little actual information, other than what you just read. Instead, it'll have lots of pictures and a little potty humor. Here we go...
First, let's answer a deep, profound question:
And the answer:
Thank goodness the space station has indoor plumbing. The alternative is something I'd prefer not to think about.
Before Star Trek Voyager, a/k/a the Flying Toilet Seat (Wow... more potty humor. Dontcha love these intellectual posts?), there was Voyager, the space probe:
(No, not *that* kind of probe. That's something else I'd prefer not to think about.)
Now let's travel back in time about a century to visit those famous aviators, the Wright Brothers. Here's their first flying machine:
And some slightly less vintage aircraft:
Big ol' landing gear:
747 as wall art:
More comfortable than a dog sled:
Thank you for flying with us today. Buh-bye!


Chrissie Mann is flying high in her new role at The Little Jet Company.
Chrissie, who is 32 and has a law degree, has been appointed Deputy Ground Operations Manager at the company which is based at Gloucestershire Airport.
The Little Jet Company provides a personal and comprehensive executive jet service for business and leisure.
Chrissie said: “i love my job! They are an incredible team, one of the best I have ever worked with. It’s lovely to work with people who care and are passionate about what they do.
“Everyone in the company goes above and beyond, doing what they can to make sure that the clients’ experiences are the best they can possibly be.
“The aircraft are just fantastic and it’s such a friendly place to work. It’s a really supportive environment, everyone gets on well and everything is done properly.
“The Little Jet Company has such a great reputation and is an incredibly well-run company.”
Chrissie discovered her love of aviation when she spent time in operations for a remote scenic and charter flight company in Australia. She gained her private pilot licence before she moved back to the UK.
She now lives in Cheltenham and in her spare time she is studying for an airline transport pilot licence.
Chrissie’s role at The Little Jet Company involves everything from arranging flights to meeting and greeting clients.
“You don’t get into aviation, and you don’t stay in it unless you are genuinely passionate about it, unless it’s something you love,” said Chrissie.
“I like the problem-solving and the challenges that come with the operations side of things.
“I like the fact I can see something through right from the beginning to the end, and I like the variety of things we do. I get to meet such a variety of really interesting people.”
The Little Jet Company provides a wide range of aviation services incorporating luxurious privately-owned executive jets for charter, aircraft management and ground handling services.
The company flies to European destinations and also has access to a global jet fleet. Travel can be arranged from the UK to destinations around the world and private jet travel can also be arranged for clients when they are abroad.
The Little Jet Company has a continuing commitment to Gloucestershire airport. Recent growth has also seen the company open a base in Brighton and Bournemouth.


Ili Canyon (at an altitude 300 m)
Information about tour:
During this tour an amazing view of the meandering canyon of the Ili river will open for you, going through the desert, high brown rocks and tugai jungle. Ili is the largest river in the Almaty region and one of the largest rivers in the Republic. It flows into the western part of Lake Balkhash, greatly desalting it. The highest peak of the Ili Valley is a mountain 6,350 m high in the gorge of Agias in China. Length - 1,439 km, of which 815 km (56.6%) in the territory of Kazakhstan.
The flight is carried out on the following aircraft:
BC Festival R40F - flight duration - 1 hour, 15 minutes - 1 passenger
BC Cessna 172 - flight duration - 1 hour, 15 minutes - 3 passengers
BC Cessna 206 - flight duration - 1 hour - 5 passengers


Why traffic noise puts mongooses in danger, Human presence is influencing the behaviour of animals across the globe. The first chimp in space was Ham, who was launched on January 31, 1961, riding an American Mercury capsule.Many more animals like fish, jelly fish, guinea pigs, wasps, beetles and cockroaches have also been sent into space for studying the effects of the space environment on these organisms. The Russians launched the Zond 5 spaceship with a capsule carrying samples of soil and seeds, some worms and two steppe tortoises. The tortoises completed a circuit around the moon and after six days returned to Earth. In 1985, the USSR launched some newts with amputated forelimbs into space to study the process of regeneration. American scientists were trying to establish the impact that cosmic radiation might potentially have on astronauts in the future – they chose flies because they are genetically similar to humans. Laika, the First Dog in Space View the stamps created to honor the first dog to travel into space. â¦ the history of animal space flight is long and fascinating. After the success of the first manned mission to the moon in 1969, there was less emphasis on putting animals into space. animals-in-space.com uses Google App Engine, Google Font API, Google Tag Manager web technologies. Soviet scientists assumed that a stray dog would have already learned to endure harsh conditions of hunger and cold temperatures. Sometimes the situations need to be closely controlled-such as a monitored diet. Animals were the first living creatures sent into space, before humans headed up there. However, unlike the fruit flies, the mouse died when the rocket disintegrated due to a parachute failure. Fruit flies were the first animals to be launched into space.Credit: Jorge GarcÍa/VW Pics/Universal Images Group via Getty Images. For some experiments, however, only animals will work. Animals in Space will explain why dogs, primates, mice and other rodents were chosen and tested, at a time when dedicated scientists from both space nations were determined to establish the survivability of human subjects on both ballistic and orbital space flights. A Brief History of Animals in Space American and Russian scientists used animals -- mainly monkeys, chimps and dogs -- to test each country's ability to launch a living organism into space and bring it back alive and unharmed. It was the start of a long line of astronaut animals to come…. On Nov. 3, 1957, Sputnik 2 launched, but this time a live dog named Laika (Russian for â¦ Without these organisms, it would have been really difficult to find out what is it like to go into space and make the space flights safer for humankind. These rodents have long been used to find out more about how space travel will affect the human body. â¦ The programme and its relationship to animal rights is surely fertile material for any future popular science work on the subject. But there were their predecessors, who paved the way to space and are now almost forgotten. It shows that mice quickly adapt to microgravity conditions. Animals in Space A long time ago, no one thought you could send people into space, much less animals. "Animals in Space, a relentlessly factual account of animal endeavours in near Earth orbit. The space programs of seven countries have sent hundreds of animals into space. 92 likes. When they were re-hydrated on their return to Earth, scientists discovered 68% had survived the extreme cold and space radiation. The experiment was the brain-child of Massachusetts high school student Judith Miles. The first animals to reach space â not counting any bacteria that may have hitched a ride on previous rockets â were fruit flies. The tardigrades were dried out before the flight and then orbited the Earth outside a rocket for 10 days. Incredibly, 32 monkeys and apes have been to space, including the rhesus macaque, pig-tailed monkey, cynomolgus monkey, squirrel-tailed monkey and chimpanzee. Nowadays, many space research missions involve examining how animals react and learn behaviours in microgravity. The first animals sent into space were a collection of unnamed fruit flies aboard a U.S.-launched V-2 rocket on Feb. 20, 1947. Each slide looks at a different animal, in order of their missions and gives basic info. It began in 1947, when a lucky â¦ From, Holly guide: why it has leaves in winter, and which plants have berries. ABOVE: NASA. Researchers prefer to research with computer models, or by involving the astronauts directly. On Feb. 20, 1947, â¦ Their aquarium had an automatic feeding system, a water circulation system, and LED lights to represent day and night. Enter your email address and name below to be the first to know. In 1947, a cargo of fruit flies was loaded aboard a US-launched V-2 rocket in order to test the effects of radiation at high altitude. H umans have been traveling out of the Earthâs atmosphere to explore the near-reaches of our solar system for â¦ In 1973, two garden spiders called Anita and Arabella, were used in an experiment to see if they could still spin webs in space. In 1949 he reached 134km, but sadly died on impact when re-entering the Earth’s atmosphere due to a parachute failure. In 1968, the race was on between the USA and the Soviet Union to get a man on the moon. Monkeys and apes. The first tortoises to holiday in the space were a pair of Russian tortoises that were launched in 1968. A number of dogs have gone into space under the former Soviet Union. In a few days, both the astronauts and aquanauts had got their bearings. Further, only content specific to the topic is included in these pages. Dogs were not first in space, however. In â¦ The Soviet government claimed she survived for seven days. Achetez neuf ou d'occasion Enos, a 5 1/2 year old space chimpanzee reclines in the flight couch. Continue â¦ On June 11, 1948, a V-2 Blossom launched into space from White Sands, New Mexico carrying Albert I, a rhesus monkey. Incredibly, 32 monkeys and apes have been to space, including the rhesus macaque, pig-tailed monkey, cynomolgus monkey, squirrel-tailed monkey and chimpanzee. Later, animals were also flown to investigate various biological processes and the effects microgravity and space flight might have on them. Want to be notified when our magazine is published? Many more animals like fish, jelly fish, guinea pigs, wasps, beetles and cockroaches have also been sent into space for studying the effects of the space environment on these organisms. You can unsubscribe at any time. First,Animals in zoos are hurt and abused just to do a little old trick.They are locked and cages and beaten and starved.Next, They are all cramped in a cage together and chained up.Also,they are whipped ad smacked â¦ Television images of the men taking humankind’s very first steps on the moon’s surface were broadcast into the homes of millions. Both spiders managed to spin webs, even though the webs were slightly finer than on Earth. The human astronauts suffered from space sickness, and likewise the fish swam in loops rather than straight lines. Retrouvez Animals in Space et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. And, perhaps surprisingly, it was the humble fruit fly. She was sent off with just one meal and a seven-day oxygen supply. The triumphal flight of two dogs, Belka and Srelka, is widely known in the history of space exploration. In 2003, the Columbia space shuttle disintegrated when it re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere. To coincide with the 50-year anniversary of the Apollo 11 space missions, we remember 10 of the animals that took one giant leap into space, and often lost their lives in the process. The very first was a rhesus macaque called Albert II. In the early days of rocket science, the scientists were clueless about the effects of the space environment on humans. It was not only the Russians and the Americans that were sending animals into space; in the 1960s, the French scientists were also planning to send a stray cat called Felix into space. In fact, NASA has recently published a detailed study of mice housed at the International Space Station. Animals in Space will explain why dogs, primates, mice and other rodents were chosen and tested, at a time when dedicated scientists from both space nations were determined to establish the survivability of human subjects on both ballistic and orbital space flights. Animals go into space to help conduct scientific research only when absolutely necessary. She was the first kitty in the cosmos. Chimpanzees have also flown. The scientists wanted to study the effect of being in the Earth’s orbit on their web-spinning abilities. On opening the capsule, the scientists found the flies alive, with no evidence of the effects of radiation. Albert I was the first monkey astronaut to be launched into space. It was 1973 and Nasa were keen to observe the effects of microgravity on animals that moved three dimensionally on Earth. Tragically, seven astronauts on board were killed. These animals are truly the unsung heroes and heroines of the space programs. The very first mouse went into space in 1950, reaching an altitude of 137km. The word ‘olotith’ refers to the frogs’ inner-ear balance mechanism and the experiment was designed to investigate the effect of space travel on motion sickness. Now, nematodes (also called roundworms) are often used to study the impact of space travel on organisms. Belka and Strelka flew into Earth orbit on board Sputnik 5 on 19 August 1960 as part of the Soviet programme aimed at determining the viability of manned spaceflight. Jef Akst Nov 25, 2020. Retrouvez Animals in Space: Spaceflight, Manned Space Mission, Soviet Space Dogs, Laika, Monkeys in Space, Enos (Chimpanzee), Horsfield's Tortoise et des millions de livres en stock sur Amazon.fr. Animals in space : from research rockets to the space shuttle. â¹ï¸ animals-in-space.com receives about 235 unique visitors per day, and it is ranked 1,026,117 in the world. Try 3 issues of BBC Wildlife Magazine for just £5! In July 1969, Apollo 11 launched into space and Neil Armstrong and ‘Buzz’ Aldrin successfully performed the first crewed lunar landing. Copyright © 2020 Mocomi & Anibrain Digital Technologies Pvt. The capsule â¦ The first rabbit in space was Marfusha, a Russian rabbit, who went into space with two of her canine in-flight companions. Did you know that the first animal to go to outer space is the fruit fly? Antal György - Ének Banna Zoltán - BillentyÅ±k Dezsi Sada - Dob Horváth Ferenc - Basszusgitár Jakab Gábor - Gitár Scientists send animals into space to determine human reactions . Page 8 of 50 - About 500 essays. Content that spans topics, such as books that cover the entire span of Apollo, is included elsewhere in the site. The very first was a rhesus macaque called Albert II. In 2007, tardigrades were the first animals to survive outer space. After Albert I, three more of his cousinsâAlbert II, III and IVâalso got a chance to visit space in the following year. Why you could spot a giant insect next time you go shopping! The fish chosen to go up were medaka, which have transparent skin, making it easier for researchers to see what was going on inside the fish. animals-in-space.com links to network IP address 126.96.36.199. 10 of the strangest animal stories from 2019, Why does the moon’s appearance change?


The Wing Nutz of York PA will host the TAG Take off and Grow event at our field located in Manchester PA on August 17th 2019. This event will be sponsored by White Rose Hobbies, and the AMA. This event is open to the general public and all visitors are welcome to join in on the fun, and learn to fly an R/C airplane. Our talented pilots will be available to teach anyone who wants to learn about Model Aviation. There will be food and beverages available. Donations are welcome. We will have some great prizes on hand to give away including a ready to fly trainer plane donated by White Rose hobbies.


GHANA Airport Company Limited (GACL) on Saturday confirmed a KLM Royal Dutch Airlines flight aborted take-off over a bird strike at the Kotoka International Airport in Accra on Friday night.
A statement issued by GACL said the flight, scheduled from Accra to Amsterdam, aborted take-off after the pilot reported a bird strike close to the windshield of the aircraft.
‘The Rescue and Fire Fighting Service of GACL was at the scene immediately to provide emergency fire cover. The aircraft was subsequently towed to the parking bay where passengers disembarked and were transported to various hotels around the airport,’ it said.
Meanwhile, Royal Dutch Airlines has commenced processes to get the passengers to their final destinations.
The GACL confirmed investigations had begun to ascertain the cause of Friday night’s incident.
Management of the GACL assured the public that it has a robust wildlife management system in place and remains committed to the highest safety standard at the airport.


Private Pilot Ground Training
A. 5-10 hours of simulator training prior actual aircraft Flight trainingB. Computer Base ground Training C. Flight TrainingTotal Time: 40 hours minimum which consists of at least
Private Pilot License
Solo Flight Ground Training
Solo: 10 hours minimum of solo flying in a single engine airplane on the Private Pilot areas of operation including:1. 5 hours of solo cross country flying;The OBAP Solo Flight Academy (SFA) is a two-week submersion in aviation training designed to excite and deepen exposure to opportunities in aviation, culminating in an unforgettable solo flight experience.Tailored and restricted to young adults ages 16 – 19, the academic curriculum establishes the foundation of a productive and successful career in aviation-related professions. While enrolled in the academy, students will receive approximately 40 hours of cursory and condensed ground school detailing federal air regulations, basic meteorology, navigation, basic engine theory, aircraft performance, basic maneuvers, STEM core principles, and the Airman’s Information Manual.
Solo Flight License
Upon successful completion of the ground school, students will receive at least 10 hours of flight time. Basic flight instructions given by FAA certified instructors will consist of aircraft familiarization, preflight procedures, taxiing, and parking, straight and level flight, climbs, glides, stalls, slow flight, takeoff and landings, and emergency procedures. Once Federal Aviation requirements are met, the student will be cleared to serve as a “sole manipulator” for their very first time.
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Follow a plane on a journey around the world in this little book, and peep inside its cockpit, engine and even its wings to find out how it works. With colourful illustrations, flaps to lift and holes to peep through, there’s so much to discover in this fascinating introduction to planes and how they fly.
Daca doresti sa iti exprimi parerea despre acest produs poti adauga un review.
Scrie un review
Review-ul a fost trimis cu succes.


In a medical emergency, seconds count.
We have many years’ experience of medical transfers. Dedicated procedures and staff ensure we can usually despatch an aircraft within an hour of confirmation, whether for emergency repatriation or human transplant operations.
Our service is underpinned by:
- True 24/7 availability of operations department, aircraft and crew
- A diverse fleet of aircraft approved for medivac missions, with single or double stretcher installation
- The mobilisation of specialist medical teams as required
- Aircraft capable of carrying infant incubators
- Provision of oxygen and other medical equipment upon request
- Express quotations, ensuring rapid flight despatch


20th International Symposium on Aviation Psychology Call for Proposals
The 20th ISAP will be held in Dayton, Ohio, U.S.A., May 7-10, 2019 (Tuesday – Friday).
Proposal Submission is Live!
New Proposal Submission Deadline: November 9, 2018
Proposals are sought for posters, papers, symposium and panel sessions, and workshops. Any topic related to the field of aviation psychology is welcomed. Topics on human performance problems and opportunities within aviation systems, and design solutions that best utilize human capabilities for creating safe and efficient aviation systems are all appropriate. Any basic or applied research domain that generalizes from or to the aviation domain will be considered.
Students are especially encouraged to participate in the The Stanley Nelson Roscoe Best Student Paper Competition.
Visit http://aviation-psychology.org for more information.
Pamela Tsang and Michael Vidulich (Symposium Co-Chairs)
Contact email@example.com<mailto:firstname.lastname@example.org> for any questions.


“Semper Supra,” or, Always Above, is the U.S. Space Force’s official motto, shared on Wednesday, July 22nd.
The inspiring motto and the Force’s logo were disclosed at the Pentagon in Washington D.C., as the service looks to strengthen and embolden its branding and cultural identity.
SEE ALSO: US SPACE FORCE LAUNCHED 4 SECRET SATELLITES INTO ORBIT
The U.S. Space Force’s stylish silver and black logo depicts a Delta sign, a symbol that’s been in use since 1961. As per the Force, its reason for using the Delta symbol is to honor the “heritage of the USAF and Space Command.”
The Force breaks down its four main points on the logo as follows:
As per Space News, the logo was designed by the Department of the Air Force’s advertising agency, GSD&M. As the company states in its first commercial (see below) for the Space Force “Maybe your purpose on this planet isn’t on this planet.”
The Space Force has been active this year, it unveiled its first official offensive weapon, readying itself for any oncoming threats. And in March, it launched its first-ever Atlas 5 rocket into space.


Outstanding 1930's deco chrome ring lamp with a large Lockheed Hudson aeroplane on top and original green marbled glass shade. The 'plane still has its propellers and (slightly worn) wing roundels! Fully re-wired. Measures 17 1/2 inches/450mm tall and the chrome ring is 11 inches/280mm wide. The aeroplane is large, with a wingspan of 11 1/2 inches/290mm. The (weighted) stepped base is 8 inches/200mm wide.
This item has been sold within the last 7 days and is displayed for reference purposes only.


In a spectacle of fiery ambition, SpaceX's Super Heavy-Starship, touted as the most powerful rocket ever engineered, embarked on its second test flight on November 18, 2023. As the behemoth rocket soared into the Texas skies, aspirations were high, but the mission took an unexpected turn as the first stage disintegrated post-separation from the Starship upper stage. This setback marked the second consecutive failure to propel the Starship upper stage into space, casting a shadow over NASA's lunar ambitions, intricately tied to the success of SpaceX's Starship.
The Launch: A Glimpse into the Sky
Launching from SpaceX's Boca Chica launch site on the Texas Gulf Coast, the Super Heavy's 33 methane-burning Raptor engines roared to life at 8:03 a.m. EST. The 397-foot-tall, 11-million-pound rocket slowly ascended, captivating onlookers from South Padre Island. The launch, seven months after the maiden test flight, showcased improvements, with all 33 Raptor engines functioning and a new "hot staging" system proving successful.
Unraveling Mid-Air: What Went Wrong?
Despite promising initial stages, the mission took a turn for the worse. Moments after separation, the first stage, aiming for a controlled splashdown in the Gulf of Mexico, abruptly disintegrated, possibly due to stresses induced by the hot-staging technique. The Starship, however, continued its ascent until controllers lost contact around eight-and-a-half minutes into the flight, leaving a lingering question about the cause of its demise.
NASA's Stance and Future Implications
While SpaceX sees the test as a valuable learning experience, NASA, a key stakeholder, faces potential setbacks in its Artemis program. The agency is reliant on SpaceX's Starship to transport astronauts to the moon's surface, but each delay poses a threat to NASA's meticulously planned timeline.
Investigation and Optimism
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) pledged involvement in the mishap investigation, emphasizing the need for corrective actions to ensure public safety. SpaceX, undeterred, expressed commitment to refining Starship's reliability, essential for its vision of making life multiplanetary.
Upgrades and Challenges
Post the April test flight failure, SpaceX implemented over a thousand changes to enhance safety and performance. Upgrades included a "hot staging" system, a water deluge system to mitigate acoustic shock, and the replacement of hydraulic actuators with an electrically driven engine steering system. These modifications aim to address past issues and fortify the Super Heavy-Starship's position as the most powerful rocket globally.
The Powerhouse: Super Heavy-Starship in Detail
Standing 40 stories tall and weighing over 11 million pounds, the Super Heavy-Starship burns methane with liquid oxygen, generating a staggering 16.7 million pounds of thrust. Its capabilities exceed NASA's Space Launch System and the Apollo-era Saturn 5, making it a pivotal asset for NASA's Artemis program and SpaceX's broader goals, including Starlink satellite deployment and interplanetary travel.
The Road Ahead
NASA's contract with SpaceX envisions the Starship playing a vital role in the Artemis program, with plans for an unpiloted lunar test flight preceding astronaut missions. Despite setbacks, the Starship's potential to revolutionize space transportation remains intact. As SpaceX addresses technical challenges, the prospect of civilian missions, including those by billionaire entrepreneurs, adds a commercial dimension to the Starship's future.
The SpaceX Super Heavy-Starship's second test flight, though marred by challenges, underscores the inherent complexities of pushing the boundaries of space exploration. As SpaceX navigates the intricacies of rocket science, the journey towards perfecting the Super Heavy-Starship continues, with eyes set on reshaping the future of space travel.


Introducing the 1000KV BLDC Motor with Soldered Bullet Connector – the ultimate solution for your propulsion needs. Elevate your drone or RC aircraft’s capabilities with this meticulously crafted motor, guaranteeing unparalleled power and reliability.
Featuring an impressive 1000KV BLDC Motor, this motor effortlessly merges speed and control. Designed to cater to both enthusiasts and professionals, its precision engineering assures optimal thrust and torque, thereby enhancing your flying encounters. Moreover, its pre-soldered bullet connectors simplify installation, seamlessly integrating into your setup.
Engineered with advanced BLDC technology, this 1000KV BLDC Motor operates with unmatched efficiency, ensuring extended battery life and minimal heat. Its active cooling design maintains consistent performance during demanding flights. Whether you’re a seasoned pilot or a hobbyist, this motor’s user-friendly design and outstanding performance are indispensable.
Pair it seamlessly with our F450 Quadcopter Frame. Drive the motor effortlessly using our 30A ESC Simonk. Elevate your aerial journeys – order the A2212 1000KV BLDC Motor now and take your RC aspirations to new heights.
- Steel construction can handle tough conditions effectively.
- Their light build makes them perfect for various Quadcopter and Hexacopter Frames.
- Small in size.
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- Ensures seamless throttle response for an optimal RC experience.


Space weather refers to the study of the conditions in the near-earth space environment, including the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere, and how the sun affects those regions. Space weather events are relevant for many technological systems, such as satellites and electric-power networks, which can be severely damaged in case of enhanced fluxes of energetic particles. The ability to forecast such harmful events represents the main scientific challenge of space weather. In order to be able to produce accurate forecasting, we need to understand the complex solar-terrestrial relationship and the underlying physical processes.
The Multiscale Dynamics group develops forecasting algorithms for space weather based on machine learning. The abundance of freely available satellite and ground-based data makes the use of modern machine learning techniques an ideal way to tackle the problem of space weather forecasting. Moreover, we aim at enhancing the current state-of-the-art simulations for space weather, following the ‘grey-box’ paradigm of using data and simulations synergically.
Contact person: Enrico Camporeale
Research group: Multiscale Dynamics (MD)
Research partners: Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (USA), GFZ German Research Center for Geosciences (Germany), University of California (USA), KU Leuven (Belgium)


Legacy Center R/C Flyers Club
Legacy Center is happy to offer various Drop In Flying time for local groups and individuals. Enjoy our temperature controlled dome during the winter months to stay on top of your game!Drop In Flying through March: Thursdays 12:00p-2:00p ($5/Session)
Flyer Rules and Regulations
The Legacy Center has partnered with the Hamburg Flyers RC Club to offer a great opportunity to enhance your flying skills. Open flying times will be offered throughout the year for only $5 per flyers. All flyers must comply with the following rules.
- All pilots must fill out and sign a Hamburg Flyers R/C Club registration form prior to flying (once per season).
- All pilots must be current members of the AMA and have proof available (card or number).
- Pilots will be (non-voting) associate members of the Hamburg Flyers R/C Club.
- No Flying before or after scheduled sessions. Please arrive no earlier than 30 minutes prior to start time. Please pack up and have all items brought off the field at conclusion time.
- Aircraft weight is limited to less than 1.5 lbs. ready to fly. Helicopters/Multi Rotor Aircrafts are limited to 120 class and smaller.
- Radio equipment must meet the following requirements:
- All AMA legal frequencies (27MHz, 50/53MHz, 72MHz, 900MHz, and 2.4GHz) are permitted.
- All transmitters must be FCC certified
- All transmitters, except 2.4GHz, must use frequency control (72MHz control provided). No transmitter impound is provided. Please be courteous on sharing time with frequency pin.
- Fly ONLY in area designated for the type of aircraft and flying being performed.
- Helicopters use South end of the field.
- Fixed wing 3D flight flyers use North end of the field.
- Micro flyers (e.g. vapors) fly along the east side
- General sport flying must use the middle portion of the field.
- Flight Rules
- Fly only in designated flight stations.
- All flying must be 15 feet in front of the established blue line.
- General sport flying must use a counterclockwise pattern.
- Announce “on the field” when retrieving you plane. Other pilots must avoid anyone on the field.
- Fly in a courteous manner, use a spotter or seek assistance if needed.
- No combat flying or use of streamers, except in designated event.
- Flying may be interrupted for announcements and demonstrations.
- AMA safety code, Hamburg Flyers Field Rules, Hamburg Flyers Constitution and Bylaws must be followed at all times.
- Do not use chairs or equipment with sharp ends in contact with the floor that may damage the turf.
- When working on aircraft or equipment, you must provide a suitable work surface (e.g. plastic sheet, cardboard, etc…) to prevent any damage to the turf, bleachers, or floor.
- All batteries must be charged in a suitable fire retardant container.
- Please clean your area and take any trash with you or deposit in the appropriate containers when you leave.
- These rules are subject to change. The Hamburg Flyers R/C Club reserves the right to refuse flight privileges to anyone that violates rules as written or in spirit.
- Merchants wishing to sell products during session must receive permission from the Legacy Center.


Defense, Aerospace, & Avionics Research
IPITEK's Defense, Aerospace, and Avionics R&D Division focuses on leading edge technology development for the US government. The R&D is categorized in the 3 areas outlined below.
RF/Photonics Microwave Data Links
IPITEK is developing ultra wideband RF links with bandwidth from 100 MHz to beyond 20 GHz, low RF losses, and increased dynamic range. Such links can be used in high performance Communications, Radar and EW type systems... RF/Microwave Photonic Data Links
Nanotechnology-Based Integrated Photonic Circuits
IPITEK is conducting leading research in both passive and active polymer-based integrated optical circuits. IPITEK IOCs have been previously deployed on the International Space Station...
Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Antennas with EMP/HPM Protection
IPITEK is developing electro-optically based RF sensors which can be used for high sensitivity field measurements over ultra wide bandwidths (beyond 10 Ghz) and can also be used to measure the temporal characteristics of EMP... Dialectic EM Field Probes for HPM Test & Evaluation


8 edition of Lunar science: a post-Apollo view found in the catalog.
Lunar science: a post-Apollo view
Stuart Ross Taylor
Includes bibliographical references.
|LC Classifications||QB592 .T38 1975|
|The Physical Object|
|Pagination||xix, 372 p.|
|Number of Pages||372|
|ISBN 10||0080182747, 0080182739|
|LC Control Number||74017227|
Pre-Apollo era lunar origin theories were closely tied to the origins of the Earth-Moon system. The classic lunar magma ocean (LMO) theory was established near the end of the Apollo era (–) on the basis of fragments of pure anorthosite (Smith et al. ; Wood et al. a) returned by the Apollo 11 ch in the post-Apollo era continues to refine and challenge . A guide to using this book as an observing tool can be found here: Ron B[ee]'s Personal Observer's View Lunar (card), C. Wood, Sky Publishing, History, science, and lore: The Big Splat, or How Our Moon Came to Be, Dana Mackenzie, John Wiley & Sons, Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View, S. R. Taylor, Pergamon, (OOP) Discuss it here.
It’s a small world. Earlier this evening and for no good reason, I read a half-dozen pages or so on lunar seismicity, from a book entitled, ‘Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View’, by Stuart Taylor, then of the Lunar Science Institute, Houston. "A comprehensive review of lunar science and evolution from the viewpoint of historical geology, based on data from both photogeologic observations and lunar-sample analysis." View Show abstract.
As a manned vehicle it would be able to carry a payload of 5, to 10, lb. from a lunar orbiting space station down to the moon’s surface. Unmanned, it might land as much as 70, lb. on the moon to aid in the buildup of a lunar outpost. It could support a manned expedition—three astronauts—as long as 28 days on the lunar surface. Lunar Science. A Post-Apollo View (New York: Pergamon Press, ). Lloyd V. Berkner and Hugh Odishaw, eds., Science in Space (New York: McGraw-Hill Book Co., ). 3. Horner E. Newell, "A New Laboratory-How to Work in It," address before American Physical Society, Washington. 29 Apr.
Elements of renal physiology
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The path of life, and the way that leadeth down to the chambers of death. Or, The steps to Hell, and the steps to Heaven
The Indian crafts of William & Mary Commanda
International Logos and Trademarks
Hurry Up, Noah (Bean Sprouts)
Profession of Arms
Minutes of the ... convention of the United Synod of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in the South
This book will be valuable to lunar scientists as well as to those with an interest in astronomy and space exploration. Show less Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples examines the scientific data and discoveries provided by the manned Apollo lunar missions as they are understood.
Questions of lunar geology are investigated, taking into account the stratigraphy of the lunar surface, stratigraphic and absolute age scales, aspects of lunar topography, the larger lunar craters, central peaks and peak rings, the large ringed basins, maria lava flows, rilles, wrinkle ridges, and low albedo areas.
The surface of the moon is discussed along with the maria, the highlands, and Cited by: 9. Lunar science: a post-Apollo view book Purchase Lunar Science: A Post - Apollo View - 1st Edition.
Print Book & E-Book. ISBNBook Edition: 1. Title: Lunar science: A post-Apollo view Authors: Taylor, S. Journal: New York, Pergamon Press, Inc., p. Bibliographic Code: .T. Complete bibliographic record Other article options Print this article Print this page Next cover page.
Lunar Science: A Post - Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from The Lunar Samples by Stuart Ross Taylor (Author) › Visit Amazon's Stuart Ross Taylor Page. Find all the books, read about the author, and more.
See search results for this author Cited by: 9. Lunar science - a post-Apollo view. Scientific results and insights from the lunar by: 9.
Lunar Science: A Post - Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples - Kindle edition by Taylor, Stuart Ross. Download it once and read it on your Kindle device, PC, phones or tablets. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading Lunar Science: A Post - Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar by: 9.
Additional Physical Format: Online version: Taylor, Stuart Ross, Lunar science: a post-Apollo view. New York, Pergamon Press  (OCoLC) November, In that book, I was concerned with extracting the evolu- tionary history of the Moon from the great mass of data on the lunar sam- ples.
The story as recorded in Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View has survived reasonably well. Many new data have appeared, new models have. Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples explains the scientific results and discoveries of the manned Apollo lunar missions as they are understood.
The emphasis is less on sample description and data and more on the interpretative aspects of the study, with the aim of providing a coherent story. The Moon bears substantial natural resources which could be exploited in the future.
Potential lunar resources may encompass processable materials such as volatiles and minerals, along with geologic structures such as lava tubes that together, might enable lunar use of resources on the Moon may provide a means of reducing the cost and risk of lunar exploration and beyond.
Genre/Form: Electronic books: Additional Physical Format: Print version: Taylor, Stuart Ross, Lunar science: a post-Apollo view. New York, Pergamon Press .
Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View: Scientific Results and Insights from the Lunar Samples examines the scientific data and discoveries provided by the manned Apollo lunar missions as they are understood. The interpretative aspects of the study are. Abstract Not Available Bibtex entry for this abstract Preferred format for this abstract (see Preferences): Find Similar Abstracts.
Planetary Science: A Lunar Perspective by Stuart Ross Taylor ©Lunar and Planetary Institute. Complete Volume (69 MB).
TEKTITES: A POST-APOLLO VIEW TABLE II Comparison of Ks O/MgO and Ks O/Na2 O ratios in average australites with lunar acidic glasses containing greater than 70% SiO2 K20/MgO K:O/Na20 43 Australites (Taylor, ) 36 Lunar high-silica glasses (Roedder and Weiblen, ) Lunar potash granites (Apollo Soil Survey Cited by: When the crew of Apollo 11 splashed down in the Pacific Ocean on JAmericans hailed the successful completion of the most complex technological undertaking of the 20th century: landing humans on the moon and returning them safely to earth.
This document records the engineering and scientific accomplishments of the people who made lunar exploration possible.3/5(3). The Eagle Has Landed: 50 Years of Lunar Science Fiction is an anthology of twenty-four short stories which was collected and edited by Neil Clarke.
This anthology collects two dozen short stories celebrating the fiftieth anniversary of landing on the Moon with a half a century worth of science fiction stories pertaining to the moon/5. The content of meteoritic material in mature lunar soils is about percent.
Stuart Ross Taylor, Lunar Science: A Post-Apollo View (New York: Pergamon Press, Inc., ), p. David W. Hughes, “Cosmic Dust Influx to the Earth,” Space Research XV,pp. – The geology of the Moon (sometimes called selenology, although the latter term can refer more generally to "lunar science") is quite different from that of Moon lacks a true atmosphere, which eliminates erosion due to weather; it does not have any known form of plate tectonics, it has a lower gravity, and because of its small size, it cooled more rapidly.
Analyses of samples from the Apollo missions suggest that the Moon formed devoid of native water. However, recent observations by Cassini, Deep Impact, Lunar Prospector and Chandrayaan-1 indicate Cited by: 8.
Warren PH () “New” lunar meteorites: implications for composition of the global lunar surface, lunar crust, and bulk Moon. Meteor Planet Sci – ADS CrossRef Google Scholar Warren PH, Wasson JT () Pristine nonmare rocks and the nature of the lunar crust.This book, Taking Science to the Moon: Lunar Experiments and the Apollo Program, by Donald A.
Beattie, came as quite a surprise. I wasn't even aware of this book until last fall. I figured because of its specialized subject that it was probably a fairly obscure footnote to the library of Apollo/5.


To celebrate the first 3 episodes of Outer Space, we are having a launch party Wednesday, 2/27 at the Way Station in Brooklyn!
Blast off into Outer Space With Doc and the crew.
Don your space finery and join the crew of the UAS Dorothy Fontana as they welcome transmissions from the mothership celebrating the dawn of a new era in online entertainment – one that is remarkably like an old era of offline entertainment.
We can’t exactly call it a cavalcade of stars, but we can say you’ll have a lot of laughs and celebrate the hope of a better life in the cosmos while enjoying…
Videos from the show!
Space dating confessional booth!
Q&A with Space Captain Doc!
Space Go-Go dancers!
Wednesday, February 27
The Way Station
683 Washington Ave
Brooklyn, NY 11238


The aluminum-magnesium alloy aluminum plate alloy element is mainly magnesium, and the magnesium content is between 3-5%. The main features are low density, high tensile strength and high elongation. The weight of the aluminum-magnesium alloy is lower than that of the other series under the same area. Therefore, it is often used in aviation
Description: AZ31 is a popular wrought magnesium alloy used in many aerospace and automotive appliions. However its use is hindered by the lack of information regarding its corrosion. alloy that provides improved corrosion resistance and formability for use in aerospace appliions including primary aircraft structures. Alloy 6013 is an
2019-12-12 · Magnox (alloy), whose name is an abbreviation for "magnesium non-oxidizing", is 99% magnesium and 1% aluminum, and is used in the cladding of fuel rods in magnox nuclear power reactors. Magnesium alloys are referred to by short codes (defined in ASTM B275) which denote approximate chemical compositions by weight.
Why..? Well, what are the most important criteria in aircraft design. Sing as a NON-engineer, I think the most important criterion would be mass, and certainly aluminum is much lighter than steel, and strength Reactivity would also be an issue, which is why magnesium metal would not be considered as a contender (why not?). Duralumin is an alloy of 95% aluminum, 4% copper, 0.5% magnesium
aircraft engine, plane transmissions, missiles, racing cars WE43 WE54 WE75 WE94 WE43 Magnesium alloy billet, US $ 3.
high strength aluminium alloy which contains both copper and magnesium. Alloy 2618A has good machinability and is fair resistance to atmospheric attack. 2618A is typically used in aerospace and defence components, engine pistons (racing cars), turbo fans and rotating aircraft parts due to it''s ability to work in higher temperature appliions. Yes
Find link is a tool written by Edward Betts.. searching for Magnesium alloy 279 found (341 total) alternate case: magnesium alloy Samsung NX1 (195 words) exact match in snippet view article find links to article Operating System. It has 4k video recording. It has a weather-resistant magnesium alloy body, 3" tilting Super AMOLED touchscreen display, 2.36M dot OLED EVF
Magnesium Rare earth alloy billet for aircraft engine,helicopter transmissions, missiles, racing cars WE43 WE54 WE75 WE94 WE43, US $ 3.
Magnesium is an important material in the aviation industry, magnesium alloy used to manufacture the aircraft fuselage, engine parts, etc; Magnesium is also used to make photographic and optical instruments, etc. Magnesium and its alloys of non-structural appliions, magnesium as a strong reduction agent, also used for titanium, zirconium
2013-1-3 · magnesium alloy castings Aircraft costs are often regarded in terms of price per unit weight. Thus, there is a straight relationship between weight saving and cost. As already mentioned in aeronautics industry the value of a pound in weight saved ranges between 300 and 3000 US Dollars depending on the aircraft.
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Alloys of numerous metals (aluminum, titanium, magnesium and copper) have been used as matrices to date. In the NASA Space Shuttle, for example, 240 struts are made of aluminum reinforced with
the length of a rivet to be used to join a sheet of .032 inch and .064 inch aluminum alloy should be equal to A- two times the rivet diameter plus .064 inch B- one and onel half times the rivet diameter plus .096 inch C- three times the rivet diameter plus .096 inch
Magnesium alloy additives; used as structural materials in aviation, aerospace, appliances and robots; used as thermal barrier coatings for aircraft; used as cast magnesium alloys and deformed magnesium alloys; improved high temperature resistance, …
Magnesium is the third most commonly used structural metal, following iron and aluminum. Magnesium in its purest form can be compared with aluminum. It is strong and light, and used in high volume manufacturing appliions. As a magnesium supplier, most sheets and plates are sent to aircraft and automotive projects.
Magnesium alloy is the lightest among structural metals. Its specific gravity is about a quarter of that of steel and two thirds of aluminum. Magnesium alloy is recently receiving considerable attention for use as a structural material by taking advantage of its light weight because its disadvantages, such as being “easy to break and hard to process,” “prone to corrosion,” and “easy
For this reason, magnesium is never used in high- temperature areas. Magnesium has been used successfully in general aviation for skins on control surfaces. As aircraft continue to increase in performance and sophistiion we will likely see even more exotic metals used in airframe and component structures.
Magnesium Alloy Manufacturers and Suppliers. IQS Directory provides a detailed list of magnesium alloy suppliers. Find magnesium alloy suppliers that can supply magnesium alloys to your specifiions. Peruse our website to review and discover top magnesium alloy suppliers with roll over ads and complete product descriptions.
2020-8-5 · The main ingredient of this series aluminum sheet is magnesium element and the content is between 3% and 5%. It is also called aluminum magnesium alloy. With its low density, it features high tensile strength and elongation. 5000 series aluminum sheet is a commonly used and mature series in China. 5000 series Aluminum Sheet Specifiions
Magnesium Alloy Sheet. AZ31 B H24 Magnesium Metal Alloy Plate Board ASTM B90 B Tooling Plate. 5mm AZ31B Magnesium Alloy AZ91D AZ61 AZ80 ZK61M ME20M Sheet Corrosion Resistance. 1.5mm Magnesium Alloy Sheet Can Customized Width For 3C Products. High Strength Magnesium Alloy Sheet 5mm 7mm Magnesium Sheet Stock For Photoengraving. Magnesium Alloy Plate
Aircraft Engine BS Magnesium Alloy Plate Sheet in China, Find details about China Alloy Plate, Alloy Sheet from Aircraft Engine BS Magnesium Alloy Plate Sheet in China - Shandong Enming Building Materials Co., Ltd.
2011-11-17 · Thus, magnesium alloy usage has been limited due to its poor corrosion resistance and low ductility. In order to overcome these problems, new alloys, such as Mg-AZ91D, have been developed and have improved corrosion resistance (Munitz et al., 2001). The property proﬁles demanded by automobile and other large-scale potential users of magnesium
What Are Aluminum Alloys Used For? You must be reading this on
2020-3-29 · The launch of a magnesium alloy-based aircraft seat is revolutionary given that the material, while always promising, was previously banned as flammability concerns were addressed.. During the Singapore Airshow earlier this year, ST Engineering debuted a long-haul economy class seat concept, which it positions as the industry’s first seat to have magnesium alloy as constituting the majority
In correct use, magnesium alloys are safe and do not create a fire hazard. With the appropriate alloy coination, magnesium does not ignite or explode. The specifiion of suitable magnesium alloys for defined industrial uses is a specialty of Galaxy Trade and Technology.. The common misconception about the dangers of magnesium is due to confusion of magnesium alloys with pure magnesium.
2005-6-2 · 2.1 above might materialize. The undersigned is aware of one accident where a magnesium alloy component is suspected of having started the engine fire that lead to the fatal crash of the DC-3 aircraft of Rick Nelson, the famous pop star, on 31 Deceer 1985. This particular aircraft was built


Demystifying Zero Emission Aviation: Octopus Hydrogen to Supply Green Hydrogen
Octopus Hydrogen is a company that’s at the forefront of hydrogen technology, and its mission is to supply green hydrogen to Zero Emission Aviation pioneers such as ZeroAvia. With an innovative approach, Octopus Hydrogen has made it possible for the aviation industry and other industries to adopt zero emission technologies while also solving some global challenges in energy production and consumption (Facebook).
Zero emission aviation is an environmental strategy that involves developing aircraft and propulsion systems that produce no greenhouse gas emissions. Although, currently, it’s impossible to achieve zero emission in the aviation industry, behold hydrogen!
Some companies are researching Hydrogen & Fuel Cell technologies as a solution for zero emission aviation and other industries. Octopus Hydrogen has developed a revolutionary method to produce green hydrogen using water electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power and has partnered with ZeroAvia aviation company. Octopus Hydrogen believes that zero emission in aviation could be achieved much sooner than later by today’s available green hydrogen. Green hydrogen for zero emission aviation would need to be produced from renewable sources such as solar electricity, wind electricity, and water electrolysis.
Octopus Hydrogen is now supplying green hydrogen to ZeroAvia aviation company using electric vans that are powered by solar batteries and electrolysis cells filled with green hydrogen produced from renewable energy sources, a simple, sustainable, and efficient process to produce green hydrogen. Zero emission aviation is a global challenge with benefits for the world. Octopus Hydrogen has played an essential part in supplying green energy needed by Zero Emission Aviation pioneers such as ZeroAvia, who is also at the forefront of development in this field of zero emission energy. Octopus Hydrogen aims to become key partners in the research and innovation that enables businesses to move from traditional fossil fuel sources into hydrogen production through electrolysis powered by renewable energy sources.
Keep on reading about ZeroAvia aviation company https://techcrunch.com/2020/12/16/zeroavias-hydrogen-powered-vision-for-aviation-nets-21-4-million-from-amazon-shell-and-bill-gates-backed-fund/


As convenient as the journey on a flight might seem to most, the experience can be quite frightening if you are landing on a risky airport runway.
Here is a list of some of the most dangerous airports in the world. And if you are landing on any of these, be prepared for a hair-raising adventure.
Juancho E Yrausquin Airport, Saba
Only about 400m in length, Juancho E Yrausquin Airport on the Dutch Caribbean island of Saba is reputed to have the shortest commercial air strip in the world. While the runway looks picturesque, landing at the runway is quite risky. It makes landing a challenge even for extremely skilled pilots.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/Caribbean Discourse
Paro Airport, Bhutan
This airport in Bhutan is surrounded by mountain peaks as high as 18,000 ft and is deemed one of the most dangerous airports in the world. The runway strip is about 6,500 ft long, on which large planes have to make a fast descent. Only a select number of pilots are certified to land at the airport.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/Devi Octaviani
Princess Juliana International Airport, Sint Maarten
Princess Princess Juliana International Airport is located on the Caribbean island of Sint Maarten. To land on this airport, pilots have to fly over a little part of a beach, cross over a fence, pass over a road, and then reach the runway. The runway is dangerous because pilots, when flying over water, can become disoriented regarding their perceived altitude. Departure from the runway is known to be more difficult than the approach, with a turn required to avoid mountains in the departure path.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/St. Maarten Heineken Regatta
Lukla Airport, Nepal
The landing and take-off strips at Lukla Airport, Nepal, are very short. Also known as Tenzing-Hillary Airport, it operates at an altitude of 8,000 ft and has virtually no modern air traffic control features. Arriving and departing aircrafts must use a single runway. Besides, there is high terrain immediately beyond the northern end of the runway and a steeply angled drop at the southern end of the runway into the valley below.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/Les Others
Toncontin International Airport, Honduras
Located about 6km from the centre of Tegucigalpa, Honduras, this airport has a single runway at an elevation of 3,297 ft. The runway is only 6,631 ft long. Planes have to fly through mountain and then make a 45-degree bank to effectively land on the runway. Due to the mountainous terrain, passengers experience a quick drop in altitude during landing.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/PdotG Group
Madeira Airport, Portugal
Situated between steep cliffs and the ocean shores, the airport’s short runway is known well for its inconsistent winds. The location and construction of the airport, also known as Cristiano Ronaldo Madeira International Airport, is what makes it quite peculiar. Pilots must undergo additional training to land at the airport. While the original runway was only 5,249 ft, it was extended to 9,124 ft in 2000. The extension, however, is built on a platform, partly over the ocean and is supported by 180 columns.
Picture courtesy: Facebook/World Beautiful Destinations


This post is regarding Pacific Aerospace’s (aerospace.co.nz) customer service numbers, phoning details, address of head office/ headquarters, support email ID and toll free helpline / hotline numbers etc. These details will help the customers to get proper support from company’s end.
Pacific Aerospace is an online company which is a manufacturing industry too. It manufactures aircrafts. This privately held company is an aviation/ airlines industry. It was founded in the year 1954.its headquarters is based at Hamilton, New Zealand. The company has manufactured around and more than 600 aircrafts up till now. It serves people worldwide. This aerospace company was formed by forming two companies namely, Air Parts (NZ) Ltd and Aero Engine Services Ltd.
In this article we are providing the customer service details of Pacific Aerospace that would be helpful for the customers to get in touch with the company for any queries, issues, feedback, suggestions or any other assistance. As the company commits the best customer satisfaction so these contact details will assist the customers in the best manner.
Pacific Aerospace Customer Service Number: +64 7 843 6144
This is the customer service phone number. Calling on this, you will be able to have a conversation with the officials of Pacific Aerospace customer service department.
Pacific Aerospace Customer Service Email ID: [email protected]
This is the mailing address of Pacific Aerospace. It can be used to send the feedback, suggestions, queries, complaints (if any) or compliments. Company claims to revert as early as possible.
Pacific Aerospace Office Contact Details
Pacific Aerospace Headquarters Address: Airport Road Hamilton, 3240 New Zealand
This Physical address of headquarters of Pacific Aerospace is made available by the company. This can be used for the purpose of writing to the company. They can use this as the postal address.
Pacific Aerospace Head Office Number: N.A
No number of head office/ headquarters is provided by the company so far.
Pacific Aerospace Official Website: aerospace.co.nz
The link mentioned above is of the official website of Pacific Aerospace.
Pacific Aerospace Fax Number: +64 7 843 6134
This is the facsimile number of Pacific Aerospace. This will be chargeable as it is not toll free.
Facebook Fan Page: facebook.com/pacific.aerospace.1
LinkedIn Profile: linkedin.com/company/pacific-aerospace
Contact Page: aerospace.co.nz/contacts
This is the official contact page of Pacific Aerospace. This has both kinds of contact details i.e. customer contact details and contact details as well.
Career Page: aerospace.co.nz/company/careers
This is the career page of Pacific Aerospace. This has all the jobs introduced by the company. People who want to work in Pacific Aerospace, can go through this link.


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This article was translated from Arabic.
After a substantial Russian army withdrawal prior to the Ukrainian advance in the north and east of the nation, Moscow had deployed a new tactic in an effort to alleviate the impact from the Ukrainian forces’ attacks.
The Russian military began attacking Ukrainian infrastructure, particularly those tied to military supply lines and energy sources, on a regular basis using massive swarms of drones.
The significance of these Russian counterattacks lies in the fact that they targeted numerous Ukrainian towns and cities, including those far from the front lines. This was made feasible by the use of small, low-cost unmanned drones that can fly at low altitudes without being detected by radars, enabling them to evade air defense systems.
In addition, these drones were laden with explosives that allowed the aircraft to detonate near Ukrainian targets, hence the nickname “kamikaze attacks.” Furthermore, Ukrainian forces were unable to successfully monitor these drones since the Russians launched them in large swarms.
Iran‘s involvement in the conflict—particularly its provision of Russia with Iranian drones—is what led to this development in the Ukraine War. Previously in the battle, Russia had employed a variety of drone models, but it wasn’t until Iran boosted its unmanned aerial vehicles exports to Russia that Moscow started to utilize massive swarms in several simultaneous operations.
Additionally, American and European intelligence revealed that Iran sent teams of experts to Crimea concurrently with these strikes in October to train and advise the Russian military on how to employ Iranian drones. This intelligence also indicated that in recent weeks, Iran activated its supply lines toward Russia, providing it with hundreds of drones that could be used as suicide bombers.
Meanwhile, the Ukrainian military, which was able to bring down and analyze a number of the drones, has consistently asserted its conviction that they were made in Iran. Due to Ukraine’s release of photos of the Iranian aircraft employed in the assaults, the international community can now hold Iran accountable its involvement.
Marketing and testing weapons in Ukraine
Iran is only one of many nations that has raced to test the potency of its weapons on the battlefield in Ukraine before commercializing them internationally.
The Bayraktar drone, for example, is made by the Turkish company Baykar, which recently established a drone production facility in Ukraine in order to easily provide the military of that nation with drones. Recently, Turkey has been showcasing videos that demonstrate the efficiency of these drones on the battlefield in Ukraine, as well as their capacity to strike a variety of targets, including soldiers, permanent fortifications, armored vehicles, and other types of threats.
Turkey reaped the rewards of demonstrating its aircraft in the Ukrainian arena. The United Arab Emirates, for example, rushed to negotiate with Turkey for the purchase of some 120 Bayraktar-type UAVs, which were used by the Ukrainian army soon after Turkey made public its military venture. Saudi Arabia followed and launched talks with Baykar to set up a factory on Saudi territory, while Kuwait is preparing to sign a deal with Turkey to buy quantities of the Bayraktar aircraft.
Even Western nations have recently made public the types of weapons, including anti-armor, precision artillery, air defense systems, and other variants, that they supplied to the Ukrainian army. These nations were also eager to provide the media with information and evidence regarding the role played by each of their weapon types on the battlefield.
The objective of these nations are multidimensional. Not only were they actively promoting these weapons by displaying their efficiency, but were also closely examining how well they performed on the Ukrainian battlefield in order to identify their advantages and disadvantages as well as any potential deficiencies that should be addressed in future iterations.
It is evident that the swift advance of Ukrainian forces in the east and north of the nation brought much-needed attention to all military equipment, especially since the Ukrainians were able to prevail against Russian forces that outnumbered them.
Iran and the Shahed-136 drones
It is undeniable that Iran is engaged in the Ukraine conflict to pitch and test its drones in an effort to compete and grow its share of global military sales, much like Western nations and Turkey before them. Given the recent fame and popularity that the Bayraktar drone has had, at a time when Iran is attempting to promote its own drone models, it is important to note that Turkey is Iran’s main regional competitor in the drone industry.
As these aircraft were able to strike targets deep into Ukrainian territory that the Ukrainian military did not anticipate could be reached, the Shahed-136 aircraft stands out as the most notable type of drone that Iran has launched into the Ukrainian battlefield.
The capacity of such aircraft to move and effectively track targets, especially moving ones, had led Ukrainian army authorities to anticipate that their arrival in the theater of conflict would be a game-changer.
On 25 March, 2022, the Houthis employed a particular model of Iranian drone that sparked widespread interest when it was used to attack Aramco installations in Saudi Arabia. The drone caught the eye of military specialists at the time since it was designed as a suicide aircraft that could evade Saudi Arabia’s radars and strike the most critical objectives deep inside Saudi territory.
Iran has since been working to close lucrative deals to sell models of this drone, which explains its efforts today to market it on the ground in Ukraine by supplying the Russian army with quantities of the aircraft. In an effort to generate further attention, Tehran has also recently worked to demonstrate this drone in a number of operations inside Iran.
Challenging NATO’s defenses
Iran’s priority in entering the Ukrainian war arena was to test NATO’s defenses against its drones, to assess the strength of these defenses in the face of Iranian offensive capabilities. It can be said that in the initial stages, the Shahed-136 drone actually managed to achieve exceptional success against NATO air defense employed by the Ukrainian army. This marks a victory for Tehran.
However, the ultimate evaluation of the Shahed-136 drone’s capability against NATO defenses will have to wait until NATO supplies Ukraine with more air defenses in the days ahead. The implications of these advances for the balance of power between Russian and Ukrainian forces, as well as the reputation of the types of weapons supplied to the Ukrainian military, were certainly realized by NATO’s leadership in the wake of these drone attacks. NATO swiftly rushed to implement additional air defense systems designed to deal with such small, drones that are capable of flying at low altitudes.
As with all armed conflicts, the war in Ukraine is being profited from by a variety of peripheral parties, especially those involved in the sale and manufacture of weapons. Attaining these goals comes with a cost in the form of material losses and casualties brought on by reckless military testing. Russia’s use of Iranian drones during the Ukraine War, which resulted in the destruction of 30% of Ukraine’s power plants without obviously advancing any military objectives is an adequate example.


AFJROTC Course Offerings
AFJROTC Aerospace Science/Leadership Education I (AS100, LE100)
The first year of AFJROTC is "A Journey into Aviation History." In this course, students learn the origins of flight, early growth of the U.S., the progress of flight and use of airpower during World War I, the Golden Age of Aviation, World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam War, Desert Shield/Storm, Kosovo, and the Global War on Terror. Students will also learn about the customs, courtesies, traditions and history of the military. AFJROTC I emphasizes leadership, character development and good citizenship.
AFJROTC Aerospace Science/Leadership Education II (AS210, LE200)
The second year of AFJROTC is "The Science of Flight." In this course, students learn the fundamentals of flight and are exposed to weather and its affects on flight, human physiology of flight, basic aeronautics and navigation. Students will also learn about communication, preparing for leadership and understanding groups and teams.
AFJROTC Aerospace Science/Leadership Education III (AS300, LE300)
The third year of AFJROTC is "Exploring Space." This course examines our Earth, the Moon and the planets, the latest advances in space technology and the continuing challenges of manned flight. Students will also learn about life skills, personal finances, aiming towards college and pursuing a career.
AFJROTC Aerospace Science/Leadership Education IV (AS400, LE400)
The fourth year of AFJROTC is "Management of the Cadet Corps." This course is designed to focus on the fundamentals of leadership and management. Attention will be given to four specific areas: management techniques, management decisions, management functions and managing self/others. Each cadet will hold a leadership position and be responsible for some aspect of cadet group management.


OCOA Certificate of Lifesaving 2005
Conservation Officer Pilot Kevin Elliott
On July 12, 2005, Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources Conservation Officer Pilot Kevin Elliott and District Enforcement Supervisor Charlie Todesco were conducting aerial enforcement duties in a Turbo Beaver aircraft north of Wawa, Ontario. They were dispatched to investigate a suspected man caused forest fire on the north end of Esnagi Lake, which was being actioned by a fire control crew.
While landing on the lake, the aircraft crashed and flipped onto its back, immediately submerging the cockpit under water. Elliott and Todesco were strapped into their cockpit seats with shoulder harness belts, and found themselves upside down and underwater. Todesco became disoriented and could not release himself from the harness belts. Before dealing with his own safety, Elliott released Todesco from his harness, enabling Todesco to exit the aircraft from a rear door prior to the fuselage completely filling with water. Elliott then turned his attention to his own escape, which required him to bend a cockpit door off the frame of the aircraft and escape to the surface of the lake.
Elliott’s actions in this situation saved Todesco’s life. "I was in a situation where I was drowning in the seat as I could not locate the harness release" said Todesco. "If it had not been for Kevin’s actions, I would never have been able to get out of the aircraft".
This Lifesaving award is for Elliott’s unselfish actions in assisting Todesco before taking actions to free himself from the aircraft. His actions on that day are greatly appreciated by the Ontario Conservation Officers Association and the Todesco family.