Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Uniformity of V minus Near Infrared Color Evolution of Type Ia
  Supernovae, and Implications for Host Galaxy Extinction Determination   From an analysis of SNe 1972E, 1980N, 1981B, 1981D, 1983R, 1998bu, 1999cl,
and 1999cp we find that the intrinsic V-K colors of Type Ia SNe with
multi-color light curve shape (MLCS) parameter -0.4 < Delta < +0.2 suggest a
uniform color curve. V-K colors become bluer linearly with time from roughly
one week before B-band maximum until one week after maximum, after which they
redden linearly until four weeks after maximum. V-H colors exhibit very similar
color evolution. V-J colors exhibit slightly more complex evolution, with
greater scatter. The existence of V minus near infrared color relations allows
the construction of near infrared light curve templates that are an improvement
on those of Elias et al. (1985).
  We provide optical BVRI and infrared JHK photometry of the Type Ia supernovae
1999aa, 1999cl, and 1999cp. SN 1999aa is an overluminous "slow decliner" (with
Delta = -0.47 mag). SN 1999cp is a moderately bright SN unreddened in its host.
SN 1999cl is extremely reddened in its host. The V minus near infrared colors
of SN 1999cl yield A_V = 2.01 +/- 0.11 mag. This leads to a distance for its
host galaxy (M 88) in agreement with other distance measurements for members of
the Virgo cluster.

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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat