Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: PRADA: Practical Black-Box Adversarial Attacks against Neural Ranking
  Models   Neural ranking models (NRMs) have shown remarkable success in recent years,
especially with pre-trained language models. However, deep neural models are
notorious for their vulnerability to adversarial examples. Adversarial attacks
may become a new type of web spamming technique given our increased reliance on
neural information retrieval models. Therefore, it is important to study
potential adversarial attacks to identify vulnerabilities of NRMs before they
are deployed.
  In this paper, we introduce the Adversarial Document Ranking Attack (ADRA)
task against NRMs, which aims to promote a target document in rankings by
adding adversarial perturbations to its text. We focus on the decision-based
black-box attack setting, where the attackers have no access to the model
parameters and gradients, but can only acquire the rank positions of the
partial retrieved list by querying the target model. This attack setting is
realistic in real-world search engines. We propose a novel Pseudo
Relevance-based ADversarial ranking Attack method (PRADA) that learns a
surrogate model based on Pseudo Relevance Feedback (PRF) to generate gradients
for finding the adversarial perturbations.
  Experiments on two web search benchmark datasets show that PRADA can
outperform existing attack strategies and successfully fool the NRM with small
indiscernible perturbations of text.

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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: eess
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat