Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Regression assisted inference for the average treatment effect in paired
  experiments   In paired randomized experiments individuals in a given matched pair may
differ on prognostically important covariates despite the best efforts of
practitioners. We examine the use of regression adjustment as a way to correct
for persistent covariate imbalances after randomization, and present two
regression assisted estimators for the sample average treatment effect in
paired experiments. Using the potential outcomes framework, we prove that these
estimators are consistent for the sample average treatment effect under mild
regularity conditions even if the regression model is improperly specified.
Further, we describe how asymptotically conservative confidence intervals can
be constructed. We demonstrate that the variances of the regression assisted
estimators are at least as small as that of the standard difference-in-means
estimator asymptotically. Through a simulation study, we illustrate the
appropriateness of the proposed methods in small and moderate samples. The
analysis does not require a superpopulation model, a constant treatment effect,
or the truth of the regression model, and hence provides a mode of inference
for the sample average treatment effect with the potential to yield
improvements in the power of the resulting analysis over the classical analysis
without imposing potentially unrealistic assumptions.

17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
2
The categories of this paper are: math
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph