Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Spectroscopic observation of Ly$\alpha$ emitters at z~7.7 and
  implications on re-ionization   We present spectroscopic follow-up observations on two bright Ly$\alpha$
emitter (LAE) candidates originally found by Krug et al. (2012) at a redshift
of z~7.7 using the Multi-Object Spectrometer for Infra-Red Exploration
(MOSFIRE) at Keck. We rule out any line emission at the >5$\sigma$ level for
both objects, putting on solid ground a previous null result for one of the
objects. The limits inferred from the non-detections rule out the previous
claim of no or even reversed evolution between 5.7 < z < 7.7 in the Ly$\alpha$
luminosity function (LF) and suggest a drop in the Ly$\alpha$ luminosity
function consistent with that seen in Lyman Break galaxy (LBG) samples. We
model the redshift evolution of the LAE LF using the LBG UV continuum LF and
the observed rest-frame equivalent width distribution. From the comparison of
our empirical model with the observed LAE distribution, we estimate lower
limits of the neutral hydrogen fraction to be 50-70% at z~7.7. Together with
this, we find a strong evolution in the Ly$\alpha$ optical depth characterized
by (1+z)^(2.2 $\pm$ 0.5) beyond z=6 indicative of a strong evolution of the
IGM. Finally, we extrapolate the LAE LF to z~9 using our model and show that it
is unlikely that large area surveys like UltraVISTA or Euclid pick up LAEs at
this redshift assuming the current depths and area.

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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: nlin
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The categories of this paper are: math
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph