Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: VALES VI: ISM enrichment in star-forming galaxies up to z$\sim$0.2 using
  $^{12}$CO(1-0), $^{13}$CO(1-0) and C$^{18}$O(1-0) line luminosity ratios   We present Atacama Large Millimeter/sub-millimeter Array (ALMA) observations
towards 27 low-redshift ($0.02< z<0.2$) star-forming galaxies taken from the
Valpara\'iso ALMA/APEX Line Emission Survey (VALES). We perform stacking
analyses of the $^{12}$CO($1-0$), $^{13}$CO($1-0$) and C$^{18}$O($1-0$)
emission lines to explore the $L'$ ($^{12}$CO($1-0$))/$L'$($^{13}$CO($1-0$)))
(hereafter $L'$($^{12}$CO)/$L'$($^{13}$CO)) and
$L'$($^{13}$CO($1-0$))/$L'$(C$^{18}$O($1-0$)) (hereafter
$L'$($^{13}$CO)/$L'$(C$^{18}$O) line luminosity ratio dependence as a function
of different global galaxy parameters related to the star formation activity.
The sample has far-IR luminosities $10^{10.1-11.9}$L$_{\odot}$ and stellar
masses of $10^{9.8-10.9}$M$_{\odot}$ corresponding to typical star-forming and
starburst galaxies at these redshifts. On average we find a
$L'$($^{12}$CO)/$L'$($^{13}$CO) line luminosity ratio value of 16.1$\pm$2.5.
Galaxies with evidences of possible merging activity tend to show higher
$L'$($^{12}$CO)/$L'$($^{13}$CO) ratios by a factor of two, while variations of
this order are also found in galaxy samples with higher star formation rates or
star formation efficiencies. We also find an average
$L'$($^{13}$CO)/$L'$(C$^{18}$O) line luminosity ratio of 2.5$\pm$0.6, which is
in good agreement with those previously reported for starburst galaxies. We
find that galaxy samples with high $L_{\text{IR}}$, SFR and SFE show low
$L'$($^{13}$CO)/$L'$(C$^{18}$O) line luminosity ratios with high
$L'$($^{12}$CO)/$L'$($^{13}$CO) line luminosity ratios, suggesting that these
trends are produced by selective enrichment of massive stars in young
starbursts.

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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int