Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Gradient flow for controlling quantum ensemble   We propose in this paper a gradient-type dynamical system to solve the
problem of maximizing quantum observables for finite dimensional closed quantum
ensembles governed by the controlled Liouville-von Neumann equation. The
asymptotic behavior is analyzed: we show that under the regularity assumption
on the controls the dynamical system almost always converges to a solution of
the maximization problem; we also detail the difficulties related to the
occurrence of singular controls.

23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th