Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Ex-vivo detection of neural events using THz BioMEMS   Background: Electromagnetic frequencies up to a few terahertz (THz) can yield
real-time and noninvasive measurements on biological matter. Unfortunately,
strong absorption in aqueous solutions and low spatial resolution return
difficult free-space investigations. A new approach based on integrated THz
circuits was used. The authors designed and fabricated a BioMEMS (Biological
MicroElectro-Mechanical System) compatible with microfluidic circulation and
electromagnetic propagation. It is dedicated to the ex vivo detection of nitric
oxide synthase (NOS) activity, which is involved in neurodegenerative
phenomena.
  Material/Methods: The biological model was a leech's central nervous system.
After its injury, the production of NO was observed and measured in the far-THz
spectral domain. The nerve cord was put inside a BioMEMS realized in
polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) sealed on a glass wafer. Glass is a good material
for supporting high-frequency integrated waveguides such as coplanar waveguides
(CPWs). Measurements were performed with vectorial network analyser (VNA).
  Results: The transmission parameter in the frequency range of 0.14-0.22 THz
was measured through CPWs located just below the microchannel containing the
injured leech nerve cord. The lesion caused a decreased transmission
coefficient due to the NOS activity. L-NAME was injected inside the
microchannel and it was verified that it inhibits this activity.
  Conclusions: It was demonstrated that THz spectroscopy can detect a
biochemical event, such as NOS activity around an injured leech's nerve cord,
in real time. Future studies will be dedicated to quantitative measurements of
the reaction products using the sophisticated management of several drugs
allowed with microfluidic microsystems.

37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg