Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Entangled gene regulatory networks with cooperative expression endow
  robust adaptive responses to unforeseen environmental changes   Living organisms must respond to environmental changes. Generally, accurate
and rapid responses are provided by simple, unidirectional networks that
connect inputs with outputs. Besides accuracy and speed, biological responses
should also be robust to environmental or intracellular noise and mutations.
Furthermore, cells must also respond to unforeseen environmental changes that
have not previously been experienced, to avoid extinction prior to the
evolutionary rewiring of their networks, which takes numerous generations. We
have investigated gene regulatory networks that mutually activate or inhibit,
and have demonstrated that complex entangled networks can make appropriate
input-output relationships that satisfy the robust and adaptive responses
required for unforeseen challenges. Such entangled networks function for sloppy
and unreliable responses with low Hill coefficient reactions for the expression
of each gene. To compensate for such sloppiness, several detours in the
regulatory network exist. By taking advantage of the averaging over such
detours, the network shows a higher robustness to environmental and
intracellular noise as well as to mutations in the network, when compared to
simple unidirectional circuits. Furthermore, the appropriate response to
unforeseen challenges, allowing for functional outputs, is achieved as many
genes exhibit similar dynamic expression responses, irrespective of inputs, as
confirmed by applying dynamic time warping and dynamic mode decomposition. As
complex entangled networks are common in gene regulatory networks and global
gene expression responses are observed in microbial experiments, the present
results provide a novel design principle for cellular networks.

36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph