Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Casimir-Polder force for a polarizable molecule near a dielectric
  substrate out of thermal equilibrium   We demonstrate that the Casimir-Polder force for a molecule near the surface
of a real dielectric substrate out of thermal equilibrium displays distinctive
behaviors as compared to that at thermal equilibrium. In particular, when the
molecule-substrate separation is much less than the molecular transition
wave-length, the CP force in the high temperature limit can be dramatically
manipulated by varying the relative magnitude of the temperatures of the
substrate and the environment so that the attractive-to-repulsive transition
can occur beyond certain a threshold temperature of either the substrate or the
environment depending on which one is higher for molecules both in the ground
and excited states. More remarkably, when the separation is comparable to the
wave-length, such transitions which are impossible at thermal equilibrium may
happen for longitudinally polarizable molecules with a small permittivity,
while for isotropically polarizable ones the transitions can even occur at room
temperature for some dielectric substrates such as sapphire and graphite which
is much lower than the temperature for the transition to take place in the
thermal equilibrium case, thus making the experimental demonstration of such
force transitions easier.

24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
2
The categories of this paper are: math
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an