Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Deep Submillimeter Surveys: Luminous Infrared Galaxies at High Redshift   Deep surveys at 850microns from Mauna Kea using the SCUBA camera on the JCMT
appear to have discovered a substantial population of ultraluminous infrared
galaxies (ULIGs: L_ir > 10^{12} L_sun). The cumulative space density of these
sources (~10,000 per sq.deg with S_850 > 1mJy) is sufficient to account for
nearly all of the extragalactic background light at submillimeter wavelengths.
Current estimates of the redshift distribution suggest a peak in the comoving
space density of SCUBA sources at z = 1-3, similar to what is observed for QSOs
and radio galaxies. The luminosity density in the far-infrared/submillimeter
exceeds that in the UV by factors of 3-10 over this redshift range, implying
that as much as 80-90% of the "activity" in galaxies at z < 4 is hidden by
dust. The SCUBA sources plausibly represent the primary epoch in the formation
of spheroids and massive black holes triggered by major mergers of large
gas-rich disks.

9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
2
The categories of this paper are: math
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph