Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Spatial Coherence of Oriented White Matter Microstructure: Applications
  to White Matter Regions Associated with Genetic Similarity   We present a method to discover differences between populations with respect
to the spatial coherence of their oriented white matter microstructure in
arbitrarily shaped white matter regions. This method is applied to diffusion
MRI scans of a subset of the Human Connectome Project dataset: 57 pairs of
monozygotic and 52 pairs of dizygotic twins. After controlling for
morphological similarity between twins, we identify 3.7% of all white matter as
being associated with genetic similarity (35.1k voxels, $p < 10^{-4}$, false
discovery rate 1.5%), 75% of which spatially clusters into twenty-two
contiguous white matter regions. Furthermore, we show that the orientation
similarity within these regions generalizes to a subset of 47 pairs of non-twin
siblings, and show that these siblings are on average as similar as dizygotic
twins. The regions are located in deep white matter including the superior
longitudinal fasciculus, the optic radiations, the middle cerebellar peduncle,
the corticospinal tract, and within the anterior temporal lobe, as well as the
cerebellum, brain stem, and amygdalae.
  These results extend previous work using undirected fractional anisotrophy
for measuring putative heritable influences in white matter. Our
multidirectional extension better accounts for crossing fiber connections
within voxels. This bottom up approach has at its basis a novel measurement of
coherence within neighboring voxel dyads between subjects, and avoids some of
the fundamental ambiguities encountered with tractographic approaches to white
matter analysis that estimate global connectivity.

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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: eess
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph