Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Confining Eutectic Gallium Indium (eGaIn) in Expired Artificial Kidneys
  to Unveil Nanoporous Conductive Wires   Nanoporous membranes have gained considerable interest in drug delivery1, ion
transportation2, micro/nanofluidics3, molecular sensing4, and separation
science5. Artificial kidneys, also known as dialyzers, reject pathogens and
other unwanted substances from the blood, utilize hundreds of soft and
nanoporous polymeric microtubes, and slowly become a burden to the environment
with the growing number of dialysis patients worldwide. We demonstrate the
fabrication of nanoporous conductive wires utilizing empty polysulfone
microtubes collected from expired and unused artificial kidneys, also known as
medical wastes. Injecting a fluidic, highly conductive, and room temperature
liquid alloy (eutectic gallium indium-eGaIn$_6$, 75% Ga, 25% In) into
microtubes of a twenty years old dialyzer, here, we have revealed a new class
of nanoporous and conductive functional materials. These conductive fibers
upcycle a medical waste, do not require expensive and conventional fabrication
processes, and still provide the quintessential metal-oxide/metal framework due
to the presence of the native surface oxide (i.e., Gallium Oxide, Ga2O3) of
eGaIn at the nanoconfinement (i.e., nanopores) for nano/biosensing. We
harnessed these new materials to sense and differentiate microliter volumes of
deionized (DI) water, 1M hydrochloric acid (HCl), and 95% ethanol (EtOH),
leveraging their electrical signatures. This new class of soft nanomaterials
has the potential to become the paradigm-shift platforms for the
next-generation of biomedical, bioelectronics, nanoelectronics, and sensor
devices.

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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex