Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Miss the Point: Targeted Adversarial Attack on Multiple Landmark
  Detection   Recent methods in multiple landmark detection based on deep convolutional
neural networks (CNNs) reach high accuracy and improve traditional clinical
workflow. However, the vulnerability of CNNs to adversarial-example attacks can
be easily exploited to break classification and segmentation tasks. This paper
is the first to study how fragile a CNN-based model on multiple landmark
detection to adversarial perturbations. Specifically, we propose a novel
Adaptive Targeted Iterative FGSM (ATI-FGSM) attack against the state-of-the-art
models in multiple landmark detection. The attacker can use ATI-FGSM to
precisely control the model predictions of arbitrarily selected landmarks,
while keeping other stationary landmarks still, by adding imperceptible
perturbations to the original image. A comprehensive evaluation on a public
dataset for cephalometric landmark detection demonstrates that the adversarial
examples generated by ATI-FGSM break the CNN-based network more effectively and
efficiently, compared with the original Iterative FGSM attack. Our work reveals
serious threats to patients' health. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of
our method and provide potential defense directions, by investigating the
coupling effect of nearby landmarks, i.e., a major source of divergence in our
experiments. Our source code is available at
https://github.com/qsyao/attack_landmark_detection.

14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
2
The categories of this paper are: math
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin