Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Spin injection and spin accumulation in all-metal mesoscopic spin valves   We study the electrical injection and detection of spin accumulation in
lateral ferromagnetic metal-nonmagnetic metal-ferromagnetic metal (F/N/F) spin
valve devices with transparent interfaces. Different ferromagnetic metals,
permalloy (Py), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni), are used as electrical spin
injectors and detectors. For the nonmagnetic metal both aluminium (Al) and
copper (Cu) are used. Our multi-terminal geometry allows us to experimentally
separate the spin valve effect from other magneto resistance signals such as
the anomalous magneto resistance (AMR) and Hall effects. We find that the AMR
contribution of the ferromagnetic contacts can dominate the amplitude of the
spin valve effect, making it impossible to observe the spin valve effect in a
'conventional' measurement geometry. In a 'non local' spin valve measurement we
are able to completely isolate the spin valve signal and observe clear spin
accumulation signals at T=4.2 K as well as at room temperature (RT). For
aluminum we obtain spin relaxation lengths (lambda_{sf}) of 1.2 mu m and 600 nm
at T=4.2 K and RT respectively, whereas for copper we obtain 1.0 mu m and 350
nm. The spin relaxation times tau_{sf} in Al and Cu are compared with theory
and results obtained from giant magneto resistance (GMR), conduction electron
spin resonance (CESR), anti-weak localization and superconducting tunneling
experiments. The spin valve signals generated by the Py electrodes (alpha_F
lambda_F=0.5 [1.2] nm at RT [T=4.2 K]) are larger than the Co electrodes
(alpha_F lambda_F=0.3 [0.7] nm at RT [T=4.2 K]), whereas for Ni (alpha_F
lambda_F<0.3 nm at RT and T=4.2 K) no spin signal is observed. These values are
compared to the results obtained from GMR experiments.

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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph