Instruct: Identify the main category of Medrxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Human Skin Model for Assessing the Arboviral Infections Arboviruses such as flaviviruses and alphaviruses cause a significant human healthcare burden on the global scale. Transmission of these viruses occurs during human blood feeding at the mosquito-skin interface. Not only do pathogen immune evasion strategies influence the initial infection and replication of pathogens delivered, but arthropod salivary factors also influence transmission foci. In-vitro cell cultures do not provide an adequate environment to study complex interactions between viral, mosquito, and host factors. To address this need for a whole tissue system, we describe a proof-of-concept model for arbovirus infection using adult human skin ex vivo with Zika virus (flavivirus) and Mayaro virus (alphavirus). Replication of these viruses in human skin was observed up to 4 days post-infection. Egressed viruses could be detected in the culture media as well. Antiviral and pro-inflammatory genes, including chemoattractant chemokines, were expressed in infected tissue. Immunohistochemical analysis showed the presence of virus in the skin tissue at 4 days post-infection. This model will be useful to further investigate: 1) the immediate molecular mechanisms of arbovirus infection in human skin, and 2) the influence of arthropod salivary molecules during initial infection of arboviruses in a more physiologically relevant system.
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The categories of this paper are: psychiatry
1
The categories of this paper are: sports
7
The categories of this paper are: emergency
38
The categories of this paper are: hiv
3
The categories of this paper are: sexual
17
The categories of this paper are: informatics
25
The categories of this paper are: improvement
32
The categories of this paper are: rehabilitation
43
The categories of this paper are: environmental
71
The categories of this paper are: ethics
26
The categories of this paper are: systems
59
The categories of this paper are: respiratory
52
The categories of this paper are: nursing
33
The categories of this paper are: physical
37
The categories of this paper are: aids
60
The categories of this paper are: addiction