Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The observational impact of dust trapping in self-gravitating discs   We present a 3D semi-analytic model of self-gravitating discs, and include a
prescription for dust trapping in the disc spiral arms. Using Monte-Carlo
radiative transfer we produce synthetic ALMA observations of these discs. In
doing so we demonstrate that our model is capable of producing observational
predictions, and able to model real image data of potentially self-gravitating
discs. For a disc to generate spiral structure that would be observable with
ALMA requires that the disc's dust mass budget is dominated by millimetre and
centimetre-sized grains. Discs in which grains have grown to the grain
fragmentation threshold may satisfy this criterion, thus we predict that
signatures of gravitational instability may be detectable in discs of lower
mass than has previously been suggested. For example, we find that discs with
disc-to-star mass ratios as low as $0.10$ are capable of driving observable
spiral arms. Substructure becomes challenging to detect in discs where no grain
growth has occurred or in which grain growth has proceeded well beyond the
grain fragmentation threshold. We demonstrate how we can use our model to
retrieve information about dust trapping and grain growth through
multi-wavelength observations of discs, and using estimates of the opacity
spectral index. Applying our disc model to the Elias 27, WaOph 6 and IM Lup
systems we find gravitational instability to be a plausible explanation for the
observed substructure in all 3 discs, if sufficient grain growth has indeed
occurred.

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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: math