Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Directional Frame Timing Synchronization in Wideband Millimeter-Wave
  Systems with Low-Resolution ADCs   In this paper, we propose and evaluate a novel beamforming strategy for
directional frame timing synchronization in wideband millimeter-wave (mmWave)
systems operating with low-resolution analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). In
the employed system model, we assume multiple radio frequency chains equipped
at the base station to simultaneously form multiple synchronization beams in
the analog domain. We formulate the corresponding directional frame timing
synchronization problem as a max-min multicast beamforming problem under
low-resolution quantization. We first show that the formulated problem cannot
be effectively solved by conventional single-stream beamforming based
approaches due to large quantization loss and limited beam codebook resolution.
We then develop a new multi-beam probing based directional synchronization
strategy, targeting at maximizing the minimum received synchronization
signal-to-quantization-plus-noise ratio (SQNR) among all users. Leveraging a
common synchronization signal structure design, the proposed approach
synthesizes an effective composite beam from the simultaneously probed beams to
better trade off the beamforming gain and the quantization distortion.
Numerical results reveal that for wideband mmWave systems with low-resolution
ADCs, the timing synchronization performance of our proposed method outperforms
the existing approaches due to the improvement in the received synchronization
SQNR.

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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin