Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Two-dimensional relative peripheral refractive error induced by Fractal
  Contact Lenses for myopia control   Purpose: To assess the peripheral refraction induced by Fractal Contact
Lenses (FCLs) in myopic eyes by means of a two-dimensional Relative Peripheral
Refractive Error (RPRE) map.
  Methods: FCLs prototypes were specially manufactured and characterized. This
study involved twenty-six myopic subjects ranging from -0.50 D to -7.00 D. The
two-dimensional RPRE was measured with an open-field autorefractor by means of
tracking targets distributed in a square grid from -30 degrees (deg) nasal to
30 deg temporal and 15 deg superior to -15 deg inferior. Corneal topographies
were taken in order to assess correlations between corneal asphericity, lens
decentration and RPRE represented in vector components M, J0 and J45.
  Results: The mean power of the FCLs therapeutic zones was 1.32 +/- 0.28 D.
Significant correlations were found between the corneal asphericity and vector
components of the RPRE in the nacked eyes. FCLs were decentered a mean of 0.7
+/- 0.19 mm to the temporal cornea. M decreased asymmetrically between nasal
and temporal retina after fitting the FCLs with a significant increment of the
myopic shift besides 10 deg (p<0.05) and the induced myopic shift at 25 deg and
30 deg decreased with FCLs decentration to temporal cornea. The peak of maximum
myopic shift at the peripheral retina (M= -1.3 D) was located at 20 deg.
Two-dimensional maps showed uniform significant differences in extreme
positions of the visual field in comparison with the horizontal RPRE for M and
J0, but not for J45.
  Conclusions: FCLs measured in myopic eyes showed a similar performance than
the reported in previous ray-tracing studies with a small bias explained by the
manufacturing process and the lens decentration. Two-dimensional maps are
preferable for assessing J45 changes due to the lens.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga