Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A lensing multi-messenger channel: Combining LIGO-Virgo-Kagra lensed
  gravitational-wave measurements with Euclid observations   Despite forecasts of upcoming detections, it remains unclear how feasible the
full spectrum of applications of strongly-lensed gravitational-wave
observations are. One application may be in the multi-messenger domain:
localisation of strongly lensed black hole mergers inside their associated lens
systems in gravitational-wave (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) bands. This is
intriguing because combining the observations of electromagnetically detected
lens systems (via optical or infrared imaging) with their associated
strongly-lensed gravitational waves could yield a wide array of valuable,
otherwise inaccessible information. One might, for instance, independently
verify strong lensing candidates, localise black holes to sub-arcsecond
precision, study the binary-galaxy connection, and more accurately test
gravitational-wave polarisation and propagation.
  Thus, here we perform a comprehensive simulation of the projected
capabilities of LIGO-Virgo-Kagra, combined with Euclid, to find strongly lensed
gravitational-wave events and then pinpoint the location of the black-hole
merger. We find that for 20-50% of the detected events, the lens is detectable
with Euclid-like imaging. For a 1-5 deg^2 sky localisation, with Euclid-like
images of host candidates, we expect to identify the EM-counterpart for
34.6-21.9% of lensed GWs when four events are detected. For three and two
events, this drops to 29.8-14.9% and 16.4-6.6% respectively.
  A dedicated follow-up of detected lensed events with space-based instruments
in the EM and continued upgrades in the current and planned GW detectors, as
well as lensed sub-threshold search pipelines are likely crucial to the success
of this program.

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The categories of this paper are: stat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: eess
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: math
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int