Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Energisation of interstellar media and cosmic ray production by jets
  from X-ray binaries   Drawing on recent estimates of the power of jets from X-ray binary systems as
a function of X-ray luminosity, combined with improved estimates of the
relevant Log(N)-Log(L_X) luminosity functions, we calculate the total energy
input to the interstellar medium (ISM) from these objects. The input of kinetic
energy to the ISM via jets is dominated by those of the black hole systems, in
contrast to the radiative input, which is dominated by accreting neutron stars.
Summing the energy input from black hole jets L_J in the Milky Way, we find
that it is likely to correspond to >1% of L_SNe, the time-averaged kinetic
luminosity of supernovae, and >5% of L_CR, the cosmic ray luminosity. Given
uncertainties in jet power estimates, significantly larger contributions are
possible. Furthermore, in elliptical galaxies with comparable distributions of
low mass X-ray binaries, but far fewer supernovae, the ratio L_J / L_SNe is
likely to be larger by a factor of ~5. We conclude that jets from X-ray
binaries may be an important, distributed, source of kinetic energy to the ISM
in the form of relativistic shocks, and as a result are likely to be a major
source of cosmic rays.

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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci