Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Scaling Up Hardware Accelerator Verification using A-QED with Functional
  Decomposition   Hardware accelerators (HAs) are essential building blocks for fast and
energy-efficient computing systems. Accelerator Quick Error Detection (A-QED)
is a recent formal technique which uses Bounded Model Checking for pre-silicon
verification of HAs. A-QED checks an HA for self-consistency, i.e., whether
identical inputs within a sequence of operations always produce the same
output. Under modest assumptions, A-QED is both sound and complete. However, as
is well-known, large design sizes significantly limit the scalability of formal
verification, including A-QED. We overcome this scalability challenge through a
new decomposition technique for A-QED, called A-QED with Decomposition
(A-QED$^2$). A-QED$^2$ systematically decomposes an HA into smaller, functional
sub-modules, called sub-accelerators, which are then verified independently
using A-QED. We prove completeness of A-QED$^2$; in particular, if the full HA
under verification contains a bug, then A-QED$^2$ ensures detection of that bug
during A-QED verification of the corresponding sub-accelerators. Results on
over 100 (buggy) versions of a wide variety of HAs with millions of logic gates
demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of A-QED$^2$.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg