Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Central Difference Numerical Scheme for Fractional Optimal Control
  Problems   This paper presents a modified numerical scheme for a class of Fractional
Optimal Control Problems (FOCPs) formulated in Agrawal (2004) where a
Fractional Derivative (FD) is defined in the Riemann-Liouville sense. In this
scheme, the entire time domain is divided into several sub-domains, and a
fractional derivative (FDs) at a time node point is approximated using a
modified Gr\"{u}nwald-Letnikov approach. For the first order derivative, the
proposed modified Gr\"{u}nwald-Letnikov definition leads to a central
difference scheme. When the approximations are substituted into the Fractional
Optimal Control (FCO) equations, it leads to a set of algebraic equations which
are solved using a direct numerical technique. Two examples, one time-invariant
and the other time-variant, are considered to study the performance of the
numerical scheme. Results show that 1) as the order of the derivative
approaches an integer value, these formulations lead to solutions for integer
order system, and 2) as the sizes of the sub-domains are reduced, the solutions
converge. It is hoped that the present scheme would lead to stable numerical
methods for fractional differential equations and optimal control problems.

18
The categories of this paper are: econ
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org