Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Liability Design for Autonomous Vehicles and Human-Driven Vehicles: A
  Hierarchical Game-Theoretic Approach   Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are inevitably entering our lives with potential
benefits for improved traffic safety, mobility, and accessibility. However,
AVs' benefits also introduce a serious potential challenge, in the form of
complex interactions with human-driven vehicles (HVs). The emergence of AVs
introduces uncertainty in the behavior of human actors and in the impact of the
AV manufacturer on autonomous driving design. This paper thus aims to
investigate how AVs affect road safety and to design socially optimal liability
rules for AVs and human drivers. A unified game is developed, including a Nash
game between human drivers, a Stackelberg game between the AV manufacturer and
HVs, and a Stackelberg game between the law maker and other users. We also
establish the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium of the game. The game
is then simulated with numerical examples to investigate the emergence of human
drivers' moral hazard, the AV manufacturer's role in traffic safety, and the
law maker's role in liability design. Our findings demonstrate that human
drivers could develop moral hazard if they perceive their road environment has
become safer and an optimal liability rule design is crucial to improve social
welfare with advanced transportation technologies. More generally, the
game-theoretic model developed in this paper provides an analytical tool to
assist policy-makers in AV policymaking and hopefully mitigate uncertainty in
the existing regulation landscape about AV technologies.

21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int