Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Integrated Nonreciprocal Photonic Devices with Dynamic Modulation   Nonreciprocal components, such as isolators and circulators, are crucial
components for photonic systems. In this article we review theoretical and
experimental progress towards developing nonreciprocal photonic devices based
on dynamic modulation. In particular, we focus on approaches that operate at
optical wavelengths and device architectures that have the potential for
chip-scale integration. We first discuss the requirements for constructing an
isolator or circulator using dynamic modulation. We review a number of
different isolator and circulator architectures, including waveguide and
resonant devices, and describe their underlying operating principles. We then
compare these device architectures from a system-level performance perspective,
considering how their figures of merit, such as footprint, bandwidth,
isolation, and insertion loss scale with respect to device parameters.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
2
The categories of this paper are: math
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph