Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: High heritability does not imply accurate prediction under the small
  additive effects hypothesis   Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) explain only a small fraction of
heritability for most complex human phenotypes. Genomic heritability estimates
the variance explained by the SNPs on the whole genome using mixed models and
accounts for the many small contributions of SNPs in the explanation of a
phenotype.
  This paper approaches heritability from a machine learning perspective, and
examines the close link between mixed models and ridge regression. Our
contribution is twofold. First, we propose estimating genomic heritability
using a predictive approach via ridge regression and Generalized Cross
Validation (GCV). We show that this is consistent with classical mixed model
based estimation. Second, we derive simple formulae that express prediction
accuracy as a function of the ratio n/p, where n is the population size and p
the total number of SNPs. These formulae clearly show that a high heritability
does not imply an accurate prediction when p>n.
  Both the estimation of heritability via GCV and the prediction accuracy
formulae are validated using simulated data and real data from UK Biobank.

13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
2
The categories of this paper are: math
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
19
The categories of this paper are: eess