Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Exploring the action landscape with trial world-lines   The Hamilton action principle, also known as the principle of least action,
and Lagrange equations are an integral part of advanced undergraduate
mechanics. At present, substantial efforts are ongoing to suitably incorporate
the action principle in introductory physics courses. Although the Hamilton
principle is oft stated as "the action for any nearby trial world-line is
greater than the action for the classical world-line", the landscape of action
in the space of world-lines is rarely explored. Here, for three common problems
in introductory physics - a free particle, a uniformly accelerating particle,
and a simple harmonic oscillator - we present families of trial world-lines,
characterized by a few parameters, that evolve continuously from their
respective classical world-lines. With explicit analytical expressions
available for the action, they permit a graphical visualization of the action
landscape in the space of nearby world-lines. Although these trial world-lines
form only a subset of the space of all nearby world-lines, they provide a
pedagogical tool that complements the traditional Lagrange equation approach
and is well-suited for advanced undergraduate students.

36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
2
The categories of this paper are: math
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ