Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Constraints On Duty Cycles Of Quasars At Z $\sim$ 6   We study the mass of quasar-hosting dark matter halos at z $\sim$ 6 and
further constrain the fraction of dark matter halos hosting an active quasar
$f_{on}$ and the quasar beaming angle $i_{\rm max}$ using observations of CII
lines in the literature. We make assumptions that (1) more massive halos host
brighter quasars, (2) a fraction of the halos host active quasars with a
certain beaming angle, (3) cold gas in galaxies has rotational velocity $V_{\rm
circ}=\alpha V_{\rm max}$, and that (4) quasars point randomly on the sky. We
find that for a choice of specific $\alpha \gtrsim 1$, the most likely solution
has $f_{\rm on} < 0.01$, corresponding to a small duty cycle of quasar
activity. However, if we marginalize over $\alpha$, for some choices of a prior
a second solution with $f_{\rm on}=1$ appears. Overall, our the constraints are
highly sensitive to $\alpha$ and hence inconclusive. Stronger constraints on
$f_{\rm on}$ can be made if we better understand the dynamics of cold gas in
these galaxies.

12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: eess
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph