Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Graphene defect formation by extreme ultraviolet generated
  photoelectrons   We have studied the effect of photoelectrons on defect formation in graphene
during extreme ultraviolet (EUV) irradiation. Assuming the major role of these
low energy electrons, we have mimicked the process by using low energy primary
electrons. Graphene is irradiated by an electron beam with energy lower than 80
eV. After e-beam irradiation, it is found that the D peak, I(D), appears in the
Raman spectrum, indicating defect formation in graphene. The evolution of
I(D)/I(G) follows the amorphization trajectory with increasing irradiation
dose, indicating that graphene goes through a transformation from
microcrystalline to nanocrystalline and then further to amorphous carbon.
Further, irradiation of graphene with increased water partial pressure does not
significantly change the Raman spectra, which suggests that, in the extremely
low energy range, e-beam induced chemical reactions between residual water and
graphene is not the dominant mechanism driving defect formation in graphene.
Single layer graphene, partially suspended over holes was irradiated with EUV
radiation. By comparing with the Raman results from e-beam irradiation, it is
concluded that the photoelectrons, especially those from the valence band,
contribute to defect formation in graphene during irradiation.

19
The categories of this paper are: eess
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th