Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Sources of Low-Energy Events in Low-Threshold Dark Matter and Neutrino
  Detectors   We discuss several low-energy backgrounds to sub-GeV dark matter searches,
which arise from high-energy particles of cosmic or radioactive origin that
interact with detector materials. We focus in particular on Cherenkov
radiation, transition radiation, and luminescence or phonons from electron-hole
pair recombination, and show that these processes are an important source of
backgrounds at both current and planned detectors. We perform detailed analyses
of these backgrounds at several existing and proposed experiments based on a
wide variety of detection strategies and levels of shielding. We find that a
large fraction of the observed single-electron events in the SENSEI 2020 run
originate from Cherenkov photons generated by high-energy events in the Skipper
Charge Coupled Device, and from recombination photons generated in a
phosphorus-doped layer of the same instrument. In a SuperCDMS HVeV 2020 run,
Cherenkov photons produced in printed-circuit-boards located near the sensor
likely explain the origin of most of the events containing 2 to 6 electrons. At
SuperCDMS SNOLAB, radioactive contaminants inside the Cirlex located inside or
on the copper side walls of their detectors will produce many Cherenkov
photons, which could dominate the low-energy backgrounds. For the EDELWEISS
experiment, Cherenkov or luminescence backgrounds are subdominant to their
observed event rate, but could still limit the sensitivity of their future
searches. We also point out that Cherenkov radiation, transition radiation, and
recombination could be a significant source of backgrounds at future
experiments aiming to detect dark-matter via scintillation or phonon signals.
We also discuss the implications of our results for the development of
superconducting qubits and low-threshold searches for coherent neutrino
scattering, and comment on design strategies that can be implemented to
mitigate these backgrounds.

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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
2
The categories of this paper are: math
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio