Instruct: Identify the main category of Biorxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: The structure of insulin granule core determines secretory capacity being reduced in type-2 diabetes Exocytosis in excitable cells is essential for their physiological functions. Although the exocytotic machinery controlling cellular secretion has been well investigated, the function of the vesicular cargo, i.e. secretory granular content remains obscure. Here we combine dSTORM imaging and single-domain insulin antibody, to dissect the in situ structure of insulin granule cores (IGCs) at nano level. We demonstrate that the size and shape of the IGCs can be regulated by the juxta-granular molecules Nucleobindin-2 and Enolase-1, that further contribute to the stimulated insulin secretion. IGCs located at the plasma membrane are larger than those in the cytosol. The IGCs size is decreased by [~]20% after glucose stimulation due to the release of the peripheral part of IGCs through incomplete granule fusion. Importantly, the reduction of the IGCs size is also observed in non-stimulatory pancreatic {beta}-cells from diabetic db/db mice, Akita (Ins2+/-) mice and human Type-2 diabetic donors, in accordance with impaired secretion. These findings overall highlight the structure of exocytotic insulin cores as a novel modality amenable to targeting in the stimulated exocytosis in {beta}-cells with impaired insulin secretion.
10
The categories of this paper are: and
18
The categories of this paper are: systems
31
The categories of this paper are: paleontology
19
The categories of this paper are: epidemiology
25
The categories of this paper are: bioengineering
16
The categories of this paper are: microbiology
8
The categories of this paper are: genomics
3
The categories of this paper are: evolutionary
7
The categories of this paper are: ecology
5
The categories of this paper are: cell
11
The categories of this paper are: cognition
6
The categories of this paper are: plant
32
The categories of this paper are: zoology
12
The categories of this paper are: behavior
30
The categories of this paper are: scientific
27
The categories of this paper are: pathology