Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Experimental studies on the charge transfer inefficiency of CCD
  developed for the soft X-ray imaging telescope Xtend aboard the XRISM
  satellite   We present experimental studies on the charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) of
charge-coupled device (CCD) developed for the soft X-ray imaging telescope,
Xtend, aboard the XRISM satellite. The CCD is equipped with a charge injection
(CI) capability, in which sacrificial charge is periodically injected to fill
the charge traps. By evaluating the re-emission of the trapped charge observed
behind the CI rows, we find that there are at least three trap populations with
different time constants. The traps with the shortest time constant, which is
equivalent to a transfer time of approximately one pixel, are mainly
responsible for the trailing charge of an X-ray event seen in the following
pixel. A comparison of the trailing charge in two clocking modes reveals that
the CTI depends not only on the transfer time but also on the area, namely the
imaging or storage area. We construct a new CTI model with taking into account
with both transfer-time and area dependence. This model reproduces the data
obtained in both clocking modes consistently. We also examine apparent flux
dependence of the CTI observed without the CI technique. The higher incident
X-ray flux is, the lower the CTI value becomes. It is due to a sacrificial
charge effect by another X-ray photon. This effect is found to be negligible
when the CI technique is used.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg