Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: A Distance-Deviation Consistency and Model-Independent Method to Test
  the Cosmic Distance-Duality Relation   A distance-deviation consistency and model-independent method to test the
cosmic distance duality relation (CDDR) is provided. The method is worth
attention on two aspects: firstly, a distance-deviation consistency method is
used to pair subsamples: instead of pairing subsamples with redshift deviation
smaller than a \textbf{value}, say $\left\vert \Delta z\right\vert <0.005$. The
redshift deviation between subsamples decreases with the redshift to ensure the
distance deviation stays the same. The method selects more subsamples at high
redshift, up to $z=2.16$, and provides 120 subsample pairs. Secondly, the
model-independent method involves the latest data set of $1048$ type Ia
supernovae (SNe Ia) and $205$ strong gravitational lensing systems (SGLS),
which are used to obtain the luminosity distances $D_L$ and the ratio of
angular diameter distance $D_A$ respectively. With the model-independent
method, parameters of the CDDR, the SNe Ia light-curve, and the SGLS are fitted
simultaneously. \textbf{The result shows} that $\eta = 0.047^{+0.190}_{-0.151}$
and CDDR is validated at 1$\sigma$ confidence level for the form
$\frac{{{D_L}}}{{{D_A}}}{(1 + z)^{ - 2}} =1+ \eta z$.

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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: econ