Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Comparison the optical properties for Bi2O3 and NiO ultrathin films
  deposited on different substrates by DC sputtering technique for transparent
  electronics   Bismuth and Nickel transparent oxides thin films were grown on glass and
flexible polythelene terephalate (PET) substrates by DC sputtering technique at
room temperature 300 K. The structures of Bi2O3 and NiO films were analyzed by
X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A
profilometry is used to measure the thicknesses of the ultrathin films. These
values were established by a spectro-ellipsometry technique with a new
amorphous dispersion model in the range of 200 nm to 2200 nm with one nm
increment. In addition, the optical constants of these films were investigated
using a double beam UV-Vis-NIR spectrometer and a spectro-ellipsometry and
compared using the same wavelength range. They present an excellent agreement.
According to the optical transmittance spectra of the films a high average
transmittance in the visible region of each sample deposited onto different
substrates is measured. Moreover, the absorption coefficients and the optical
energy gaps for four types of optical transitions (allowed direct, forbidden
direct, allowed indirect, forbidden indirect) of the films were determined and
compared with the two different techniques. Finally, the nature of the
structure and morphology of Bi2O3 and NiO ultrathin films has been analyzed and
compared.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
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The categories of this paper are: econ
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an