Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Detectability of a spatial correlation between stellar-mass black hole
  mergers and Active Galactic Nuclei in the Local Universe   The origin of the Binary Black Hole (BBH) mergers detected through
Gravitational Waves (GWs) by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) collaboration remains
debated. One fundamental reason is our ignorance of their host environment, as
the typical size of an event's localization volume can easily contain thousands
of galaxies. A strategy around this is to exploit statistical approaches to
assess the spatial correlation between these mergers and astrophysically
motivated host galaxy types, such as Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). We use a
Likelihood ratio method to infer the degree of GW-AGN connection out to
$z=0.2$. We simulate BBH mergers whose components' masses are sampled from a
realistic distribution of the underlying population of Black Holes (BHs).
Localization volumes for these events are calculated assuming two different
interferometric network configurations. These correspond to the configuration
of the third (O3) and of the upcoming fourth (O4) LVK observing runs. We
conclude that the 13 BBH mergers detected during the third observing run at
$z\leq0.2$ are not enough to reject with a \(3\sigma\) significance the
hypothesis according to which there is no connection between GW and AGN more
luminous than $\approx 10^{44.3}\rm{erg}\ \rm{s}^{-1}$, that have number
density higher than \(10^{-4.75}\textrm{Mpc}^{-3}\). However, 13 detections are
enough to reject this no-connection hypothesis when rarer categories of AGN are
considered, with bolometric luminosities greater than $\approx
10^{45.5}\rm{erg}\ \rm{s}^{-1}$. We estimate that O4 results will potentially
allow us to test fractional contributions to the total BBH merger population
from AGN of any luminosity higher than \(80\%\).

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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom