Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Policy-based reserves for power systems   This paper introduces the concept of affine reserve policies for
accommodating large, fluctuating renewable infeeds in power systems. The
approach uses robust optimization with recourse to determine operating rules
for power system entities such as generators and storage units. These rules, or
policies, establish several hours in advance how these entities are to respond
to errors in the prediction of loads and renewable infeeds once their values
are discovered. Affine policies consist of a nominal power schedule plus a
series of planned linear modifications that depend on the prediction errors
that will become known at future times. We describe how to choose optimal
affine policies that respect the power network constraints, namely matching
supply and demand, respecting transmission line ratings, and the local
operating limits of power system entities, for all realizations of the
prediction errors. Crucially, these policies are time-coupled, exploiting the
spatial and temporal correlation of these prediction errors. Affine policies
are compared with existing reserve operation under standard modelling
assumptions, and operating cost reductions are reported for a multi-day
benchmark study featuring a poorly-predicted wind infeed. Efficient prices for
such "policy-based reserves" are derived, and we propose new reserve products
that could be traded on electricity markets.

25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg