Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Design, simulation and characterization of integrated photonic
  spectrographs for Astronomy I: Generation-I AWG devices based on canonical
  layouts   We present an experimental study on our first generation of custom-developed
arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) on silica platform for spectroscopic
applications in near-infrared astronomy. We provide a comprehensive description
of the design, numerical simulation and characterization of several AWG devices
aimed at spectral resolving powers of 15,000 - 60,000 in the astronomical
H-band. We evaluate the spectral characteristics of the fabricated devices in
terms of insertion loss and estimated spectral resolving power and compare the
results with numerical simulations. We estimate resolving powers of up to
18,900 from the output channel 3-dB transmission bandwidth. Based on the first
characterization results, we select two candidate AWGs for further processing
by removal of the output waveguide array and polishing the output facet to
optical quality with the goal of integration as the primary diffractive element
in a cross-dispersed spectrograph. We further study the imaging properties of
the processed AWGs with regards to spectral resolution in direct imaging mode,
geometry-related defocus aberration, and polarization sensitivity of the
spectral image. We identify phase error control, birefringence control, and
aberration suppression as the three key areas of future research and
development in the field of high-resolution AWG-based spectroscopy in
astronomy.

8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph