Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Concurrent factors determine toughening in the hydraulic fracture of
  poroelastic composites   Brittle materials fail catastrophically. In consequence of their limited
flaw-tolerance, failure occurs by localized fracture and is typically a dynamic
process. Recently, experiments on epithelial cell monolayers have revealed that
this scenario can be significantly modified when the material susceptible to
cracking is adhered to a hydrogel substrate. Thanks to the hydraulic coupling
between the brittle layer and the poroelastic substrate, such a composite can
develop a toughening mechanism that relies on the simultaneous growth of
multiple cracks. Here, we study this remarkable behaviour by means of a
detailed model, and explore how the material and loading parameters concur in
determining the macroscopic toughness of the system. By extending a previous
study, our results show that rapid loading conveys material toughness by
promoting distributed cracking. Moreover, our theoretical findings may suggest
innovative architectures of flaw-insensitive materials with higher toughness.

7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
13
The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
19
The categories of this paper are: eess
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom