Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Understanding The Effects Of Stellar Multiplicity On The Derived Planet
  Radii From Transit Surveys: Implications for Kepler, K2, and TESS   We present a study on the effect of undetected stellar companions on the
derived planetary radii for the Kepler Objects of Interest (KOIs). The current
production of the KOI list assumes that the each KOI is a single star. Not
accounting for stellar multiplicity statistically biases the planets towards
smaller radii. The bias towards smaller radii depends on the properties of the
companion stars and whether the planets orbit the primary or the companion
stars. Defining a planetary radius correction factor $X_R$, we find that if the
KOIs are assumed to be single, then, {\it on average}, the planetary radii may
be underestimated by a factor of $\langle X_R \rangle \approx 1.5$. If typical
radial velocity and high resolution imaging observations are performed and no
companions are detected, this factor reduces to $\langle X_R \rangle \approx
1.2$. The correction factor $\langle X_R \rangle$ is dependent upon the primary
star properties and ranges from $\langle X_R \rangle \approx 1.6$ for A and F
stars to $\langle X_R \rangle \approx 1.2$ for K and M stars. For missions like
K2 and TESS where the stars may be closer than the stars in the Kepler target
sample, observational vetting (primary imaging) reduces the radius correction
factor to $\langle X_R \rangle \approx 1.1$. Finally, we show that if the
stellar multiplicity rates are not accounted for correctly, occurrence rate
calculations for Earth-sized planets may overestimate the frequency of small
planets by as much as $15-20$\%.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
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The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: cond-mat