Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Formation of multiple-planet systems in resonant chains around M dwarfs   Recent observations have revealed the existence of multiple-planet systems
composed of Earth-mass planets around late M dwarfs. Most of their orbits are
close to commensurabilities, which suggests that planets were commonly trapped
in resonant chains in their formation around low-mass stars. We investigate the
formation of multiple-planet systems in resonant chains around low-mass stars.
A time-evolution model of the multiple-planet formation via pebble accretion in
the early phase of the disk evolution is constructed based on the formation
model for the TRAPPIST-1 system by Ormel et al. (2017). Our simulations show
that knowing the protoplanet appearance timescale is important for determining
the number of planets and their trapped resonances: as the protoplanet
appearance timescale increases, fewer planets are formed, which are trapped in
more widely separated resonances. We find that there is a range of the
protoplanet appearance timescale for forming the stable multiple-planet systems
in resonant chains. This range depends on the stellar mass and disk size. We
suggest that the protoplanet appearance timescale is a key parameter for
studying the formation of multiple-planet systems with planets in resonant
chains around low-mass stars. The composition of the planets in our model is
also discussed.

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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: quant-ph
35
The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: stat
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The categories of this paper are: eess
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: supr-con