Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Investigation of the nuclear liquid-gas phase transition in the static
  AMD   Nuclear liquid-gas phase transitions are investigated in the framework of
static antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (static AMD) model under either a
constant volume or a constant pressure. A deuteron quadrupole momentum
fluctuation thermometer is applied to extract the temperature of fragmenting
systems of $^{36}$Ar and $^{100}$Sn. A plateau structure of caloric curves is
observed under a constant volume for those system with a density $\rho \leq$
0.03 fm$^{-3}$. A clear backbending in the caloric curves, which indicates a
first order phase transition, is observed under a constant pressure with all
pressures studied. The similar behavior of caloric curves of $^{36}$Ar and
$^{100}$Sn systems indicates that there is no strong system size effect under a
constant volume or a constant pressure. Both the mass distributions and the
light particle multiplicities show a strong $\alpha$ clusterization at low
excitation energies in the static AMD simulations. The liquid-gas phase
transition measures of the multiplicity derivative (dM/dT) and the normalized
variance of $Z_{max}$ (NVZ) are applied. The experimental caloric curves are
also compared with those of $^{100}$Sn of the static AMD simulations under both
the constant volume and the constant pressure conditions. Discussions are
presented with the available experimental results and those from the static AMD
simulations. Large errors in the experimental temperature measurements and
those in the reconstruction technique for the primary fragmenting source hinder
to draw a conclusion whether the phase transition occurs under either a
constant volume or a constant pressure. This study suggests that different
measures for the liquid-gas phase transitions should be examined besides the
caloric curves in order to draw a conclusion.

25
The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
36
The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: stat
3
The categories of this paper are: physics
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
2
The categories of this paper are: math
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn