Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Changes in Spatio-temporal Precipitation Patterns in Changing Climate
  Conditions   Climate models robustly imply that some significant change in precipitation
patterns will occur. Models consistently project that the intensity of
individual precipitation events increases by approximately 6-7%/K, following
the increase in atmospheric water content, but that total precipitation
increases by a lesser amount (1-2 %/K in the global average in transient runs).
Some other aspect of precipitation events must then change to compensate for
this difference. We develop here a new methodology for identifying individual
rainstorms and studying their physical characteristics - including starting
location, intensity, spatial extent, duration, and trajectory - that allows
identifying that compensating mechanism. We apply this technique to
precipitation over the contiguous U.S. from both radar-based data products and
high-resolution model runs simulating 80 years of business-as-usual warming. In
model studies, we find that the dominant compensating mechanism is a reduction
of storm size. In summer, rainstorms become more intense but smaller, in
winter, rainstorm shrinkage still dominates, but storms also become less
numerous and shorter duration. These results imply that flood impacts from
climate change will be less severe than would be expected from changes in
precipitation intensity alone. We show also that projected changes are smaller
than model-observation biases, implying that the best means of incorporating
them into impact assessments is via "data-driven simulations" that apply
model-projected changes to observational data. We therefore develop a
simulation algorithm that statistically describes model changes in
precipitation characteristics and adjusts data accordingly, and show that,
especially for summertime precipitation, it outperforms simulation approaches
that do not include spatial information.

3
The categories of this paper are: physics
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
23
The categories of this paper are: solv-int
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
2
The categories of this paper are: math
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con