Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Validation and benchmarking of two particle-in-cell codes for a glow
  discharge   The two particle-in-cell codes EDIPIC and LSP are benchmarked and validated
for a parallel-plate glow discharge in helium, in which the axial electric
field had been carefully measured, primarily to investigate and improve the
fidelity of their collision models. The scattering anisotropy of
electron-impact ionization, as well as the value of the secondary-electron
emission yield, are not well known in this case. The experimental uncertainty
for the emission yield corresponds to a factor of two variation in the cathode
current. If the emission yield is tuned to make the cathode current computed by
each code match the experiment, the computed electric fields are in excellent
agreement with each other, and within about 10\% of the experimental value. The
non-monotonic variation of the width of the cathode fall with the applied
voltage seen in the experiment is reproduced by both codes. The electron
temperature in the negative glow is within experimental error bars for both
codes, but the density of slow trapped electrons is underestimated. A more
detailed code comparison done for several synthetic cases of electron-beam
injection into helium gas shows that the codes are in excellent agreement for
ionization rate, as well as for elastic and excitation collisions with
isotropic scattering pattern. The remaining significant discrepancies between
the two codes are due to differences in their electron binary-collision models,
and for anisotropic scattering due to elastic and excitation collisions.

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The categories of this paper are: eess
6
The categories of this paper are: astro-ph
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
21
The categories of this paper are: adap-org
5
The categories of this paper are: gr-qc
29
The categories of this paper are: funct-an
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
18
The categories of this paper are: econ
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
0
The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
32
The categories of this paper are: atom-ph
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
2
The categories of this paper are: math