Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Detailed characterization of laboratory magnetized super-critical
  collisionless shock and of the associated proton energization   Collisionless shocks are ubiquitous in the Universe and are held responsible
for the production of non-thermal particles and high-energy radiation. In the
absence of particle collisions in the system, theoretical works show that the
interaction of an expanding plasma with a pre-existing electromagnetic
structure (as in our case) is able to induce energy dissipation and allow for
shock formation. Shock formation can alternatively take place when two plasmas
interact, through microscopic instabilities inducing electromagnetic fields
which are able in turn to mediate energy dissipation and shock formation. Using
our platform where we couple a fast-expanding plasma induced by high-power
lasers (JLF/Titan at LLNL and LULI2000) with high-strength magnetic fields, we
have investigated the generation of magnetized collisionless shock and the
associated particle energization. We have characterized the shock to be
collisionless and super-critical. We report here on measurements of the plasma
density, temperature, the electromagnetic field structures, and particle
energization in the experiments, under various conditions of ambient plasma and
B-field. We have also modeled the formation of the shocks using macroscopic
hydrodynamic simulations and the associated particle acceleration using kinetic
particle-in-cell simulations. As a companion paper of
\citet{yao2020laboratory}, here we show additional results of the experiments
and simulations, providing more information to reproduce them and demonstrating
the robustness of our interpreted proton energization mechanism to be shock
surfing acceleration.

34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
4
The categories of this paper are: cond-mat
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
30
The categories of this paper are: q-alg
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
37
The categories of this paper are: supr-con
26
The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
1
The categories of this paper are: cs
27
The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
2
The categories of this paper are: math
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
8
The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th