Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Two Galaxies at z=2.3 and z=2.9: New
  Probes of Chemical and Dynamical Evolution at High Redshift   This study presents Keck optical and infrared spectroscopy of the rest-frame
ultraviolet and optical emission lines in two Lyman alpha emitting galaxies at
z>2. These data provide insight on the evolution of fundamental galaxy scaling
relations at early epochs, especially the luminosity-velocity and
luminosity-metallicity relations. Lynx 2-9691 exhibits extended [O III]
emission over a diameter of >28 kpc, reminiscent of the Lyman alpha nebulae
discovered near Lyman-drop galaxies [Steidel et al 2000]. The ratios of strong
nebular emission lines indicate sub-solar oxygen abundances in the range
8.2<12+log(O/H)<8.8 (Z = 0.25-0.95 Z_sun). Interestingly, Galactic metal-rich
globular clusters have similar metallicities, consistent with the idea that we
could be seeing the formation of galaxies like the Milky Way at $z\sim3$. The
measured gas phase oxygen abundances are >4-10 times higher than the Z < 0.1
Z_sun metallicities found in damped Lyman alpha (DLA) absorbers at similar
redshifts, indicating that DLA systems trace different environments than the
vigorously star-forming objects observed here. Star-forming galaxies at
$z\sim3$ are 2-4 magnitudes more luminous than local spiral galaxies of similar
metallicity, and thus, are offset from the local luminosity-metallicity
relation. Their kinematic linewidths are sigma_v=65-130 km/s, making this
sample 1-3 magnitudes more luminous than local galaxies of similar linewidth
and mass. [Abridged]

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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: math-ph
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The categories of this paper are: hep-th
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The categories of this paper are: cs
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: bayes-an
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The categories of this paper are: q-bio
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: econ
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: chem-ph