Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Interface enhanced spin-orbit torques and current-induced magnetization
  switching of Pd/Co/AlO$_x$ layers   Magnetic heterostructures that combine large spin-orbit torque efficiency,
perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, and low resistivity are key to develop
electrically-controlled memory and logic devices. Here we report on vector
measurements of the current-induced spin orbit torques and magnetization
switching in perpendicularly magnetized Pd/Co/AlO$_x$ layers as a function of
Pd thickness. We find sizeable damping-like (DL) and field-like (FL) torques,
of the order of 1~mT per $10^7$~A/cm$^2$, which have different thickness and
magnetization angle dependence. The analysis of the DL torque efficiency per
unit current density and electric field using drift-diffusion theory leads to
an effective spin Hall angle and spin diffusion length of Pd larger than 0.03
and 7~nm, respectively. The FL SOT includes a significant interface
contribution, is larger than estimated using drift-diffusion parameters, and is
further strongly enhanced upon rotation of the magnetization from the
out-of-plane to the in-plane direction. Finally, taking advantage of the large
spin-orbit torques in this system, we demonstrate bipolar magnetization
switching of Pd/Co/AlO$_x$ layers with similar current density as used for
Pt/Co layers with comparable perpendicular magnetic anisotropy.

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The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ex
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The categories of this paper are: hep-ph
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The categories of this paper are: q-fin
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The categories of this paper are: q-alg
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The categories of this paper are: funct-an
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The categories of this paper are: cmp-lg
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The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
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The categories of this paper are: mtrl-th
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The categories of this paper are: comp-gas
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The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
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The categories of this paper are: adap-org
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The categories of this paper are: patt-sol
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The categories of this paper are: eess
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The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
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The categories of this paper are: physics