Instruct: Identify the main and secondary category of Arxiv papers based on the titles and abstracts
Query: Traffic Flow Characteristics and Lane Use Strategies for Connected and
  Automated Vehicle in Mixed Traffic Conditions   Managed lanes, such as a dedicated lane for connected and automated vehicles
(CAVs), can provide not only technological accommodation but also desired
market incentives for road users to adopt CAVs in the near future. In this
paper, we investigate traffic flow characteristics with two configurations of
the managed lane across different market penetration rates and quantify the
benefits from the perspectives of lane-level headway distribution, fuel
consumption, communication density, and overall network performance. The
results highlight the benefits of implementing managed lane strategies for
CAVs: 1) a dedicated CAV lane significantly extends the stable region of the
speed-flow diagram and yields a greater road capacity. As the result shows, the
highest flow rate is 3,400 vehicles per hour per lane at 90% market penetration
rate with one CAV lane; 2) the concentration of CAVs in one lane results in a
narrower headway distribution (with smaller standard deviation) even with
partial market penetration; 3) a dedicated CAV lane is also able to eliminate
duel-bell-shape distribution that is caused by the heterogeneous traffic flow;
and 4) a dedicated CAV lane creates a more consistent CAV density, which
facilitates communication activity and decreases the probability of packet
dropping.

34
The categories of this paper are: chem-ph
9
The categories of this paper are: nlin
33
The categories of this paper are: plasm-ph
7
The categories of this paper are: hep-th
24
The categories of this paper are: dg-ga
28
The categories of this paper are: alg-geom
11
The categories of this paper are: hep-lat
16
The categories of this paper are: stat
22
The categories of this paper are: chao-dyn
12
The categories of this paper are: nucl-th
14
The categories of this paper are: math-ph
15
The categories of this paper are: nucl-ex
31
The categories of this paper are: ao-sci
10
The categories of this paper are: q-bio
20
The categories of this paper are: acc-phys
17
The categories of this paper are: q-fin