code: 
  
  
  '''simple docstring'''
  
  from __future__ import annotations
  
  import sys
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  class  UpperCAmelCase :
  
   def __init__( self :	Optional[int],					a_ :	str,					a_ :	int					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						letter
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						freq
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						{}
  
   def __repr__( self :	Tuple					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      return f'{self.letter}:{self.freq}'
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  class  UpperCAmelCase :
  
   def __init__( self :	List[str],					a_ :	int,					a_ :	Letter | TreeNode,					a_ :	Letter | TreeNode					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						freq
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						left
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						right
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  def        SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__(		_UpperCamelCase      :				str   )		->					list[Letter]:
  
  
  
  
  
     '''simple docstring'''
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						{}
     with open(_UpperCamelCase   ) as f:
        while True:
           UpperCamelCase__ 						=						f.read(1   )
           if not c:
              break
           UpperCamelCase__ 						=						chars[c] + 1 if c in chars else 1
     return sorted((Letter(_UpperCamelCase    ,		_UpperCamelCase   ) for c, f in chars.items())    ,		key=lambda _UpperCamelCase   : x.freq   )
  
  
  
  def        SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__(		_UpperCamelCase      :				list[Letter]   )		->					Letter | TreeNode:
  
  
  
  
  
     '''simple docstring'''
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						letters  # type: ignore
     while len(_UpperCamelCase   ) > 1:
        UpperCamelCase__ 						=						response.pop(0   )
        UpperCamelCase__ 						=						response.pop(0   )
        UpperCamelCase__ 						=						left.freq + right.freq
        UpperCamelCase__ 						=						TreeNode(_UpperCamelCase    ,		_UpperCamelCase    ,		_UpperCamelCase   )
        response.append(_UpperCamelCase   )
        response.sort(key=lambda _UpperCamelCase   : x.freq   )
     return response[0]
  
  
  
  def        SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__(		_UpperCamelCase      :				Letter | TreeNode    ,		_UpperCamelCase      :				str   )		->					list[Letter]:
  
  
  
  
  
     '''simple docstring'''
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     if isinstance(_UpperCamelCase    ,		_UpperCamelCase   ):
        UpperCamelCase__ 						=						bitstring
        return [root]
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						root  # type: ignore
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						[]
     letters += traverse_tree(treenode.left    ,		bitstring + "0"   )
     letters += traverse_tree(treenode.right    ,		bitstring + "1"   )
     return letters
  
  
  
  def        SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE__(		_UpperCamelCase      :				str   )		->					None:
  
  
  
  
  
     '''simple docstring'''
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						parse_file(_UpperCamelCase   )
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						build_tree(_UpperCamelCase   )
     UpperCamelCase__ 						=						{
         k: v for letter in traverse_tree(_UpperCamelCase    ,		""   ) for k, v in letter.bitstring.items()
     }
     print(F'Huffman Coding  of {file_path}: '   )
     with open(_UpperCamelCase   ) as f:
        while True:
           UpperCamelCase__ 						=						f.read(1   )
           if not c:
              break
           print(letters[c]    ,		end=" "   )
     print()
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
         # pass the file path to the huffman function
         huffman(sys.argv[1])
style_context: 
  
  
  '''simple docstring'''
  
  from __future__ import annotations
  
  import random
  from collections.abc import Iterable
  from typing import Any, Generic, TypeVar
  
  __lowercase:		Optional[Any]							=     TypeVar("T", bound=bool)
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  class  UpperCAmelCase (       Generic[T]):
  
   def __init__( self :	int,					a_ :	T					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						value
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						None
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						None
  
   @property
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	Dict					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      return self._value
  
   @staticmethod
   def 		lowercase_						( a_ :	RandomizedHeapNode[T] | None,					a_ :	RandomizedHeapNode[T] | None					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      if not roota:
         return roota
  
      if not roota:
         return roota
  
      if roota.value > roota.value:
         UpperCamelCase__						,		UpperCamelCase__ 						=						roota, roota
  
      if random.choice([True, False]					):
         UpperCamelCase__						,		UpperCamelCase__ 						=						roota.right, roota.left
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						RandomizedHeapNode.merge(roota.left,					a_					)
  
      return roota
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  class  UpperCAmelCase (       Generic[T]):
  
   def __init__( self :	List[Any],					a_ :	Iterable[T] | None = ()					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						None
  
      if data:
         for item in data:
            self.insert(a_					)
  
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	Any,					a_ :	T					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						RandomizedHeapNode.merge(self._root,					RandomizedHeapNode(a_					)					)
  
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	Any					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						self.top()
  
      if self._root is None:
         return None
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						RandomizedHeapNode.merge(self._root.left,					self._root.right					)
  
      return result
  
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	Union[str, Any]					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      if not self._root:
         raise IndexError("Can't get top element for the empty heap."					)
      return self._root.value
  
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	Tuple					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						None
  
   def 		lowercase_						( self :	int					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      UpperCamelCase__ 						=						[]
      while self:
         result.append(self.pop()					)
  
      return result
  
   def __bool__( self :	List[Any]					):
  
  
  
  
  
      """simple docstring"""
  
  
  
      return self._root is not None
  
  
  if __name__ == "__main__":
         import doctest
  
         doctest.testmod()