"""simple docstring"""


import logging
import os
import threading
import time


try:
    import warnings
except ImportError:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			None

try:
    import msvcrt
except ImportError:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			None

try:
    import fcntl
except ImportError:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			None


# Backward compatibility
# ------------------------------------------------
try:
    TimeoutError
except NameError:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			OSError


# Data
# ------------------------------------------------
__UpperCamelCase									=			[
    """Timeout""",
    """BaseFileLock""",
    """WindowsFileLock""",
    """UnixFileLock""",
    """SoftFileLock""",
    """FileLock""",
]

__UpperCamelCase									=			"""3.0.12"""


__UpperCamelCase									=			None







def 					UpperCAmelCase    (		)				->      Tuple:
     global _logger
     snake_case_					       =					_logger or logging.getLogger(__name__					)
     return _logger




class  UpperCamelCase					(				_lowerCamelCase   ):







       def __init__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					lock_file
            return None







       def __str__( self)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					f'The file lock \'{self.lock_file}\' could not be acquired.'
            return temp




class  UpperCamelCase					:







       def __init__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					lock
            return None







       def __enter__( self)      ->      Optional[int]:
            return self.lock







       def __exit__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            self.lock.release()
            return None




class  UpperCamelCase					:







       def __init__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__=-1,							lowerCAmelCase__=None)      ->      List[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					max_filename_length if max_filename_length is not None else 255
            # Hash the filename if it's too long
            snake_case_					       =					self.hash_filename_if_too_long(a_,							a_)
            # The path to the lock file.
            snake_case_					       =					lock_file

            # The file descriptor for the *_lock_file* as it is returned by the
            # os.open() function.
            # This file lock is only NOT None, if the object currently holds the
            # lock.
            snake_case_					       =					None

            # The default timeout value.
            snake_case_					       =					timeout

            # We use this lock primarily for the lock counter.
            snake_case_					       =					threading.Lock()

            # The lock counter is used for implementing the nested locking
            # mechanism. Whenever the lock is acquired, the counter is increased and
            # the lock is only released, when this value is 0 again.
            snake_case_					       =					0
            return None







       @property
       def 		a_						( self)      ->      Dict:
            return self._lock_file







       @property
       def 		a_						( self)      ->      str:
            return self._timeout







       @timeout.setter
       def 		a_						( self,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      Optional[int]:
            snake_case_					       =					float(a_)
            return None







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      str:
            raise NotImplementedError()







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      int:
            raise NotImplementedError()







       @property
       def 		a_						( self)      ->      List[Any]:
            return self._lock_file_fd is not None







       def 		a_						( self,							lowerCAmelCase__=None,							lowerCAmelCase__=0.05)      ->      List[Any]:
            # Use the default timeout, if no timeout is provided.
            if timeout is None:
                 snake_case_					       =					self.timeout

            # Increment the number right at the beginning.
            # We can still undo it, if something fails.
            with self._thread_lock:
                 self._lock_counter += 1

            snake_case_					       =					id(self)
            snake_case_					       =					self._lock_file
            snake_case_					       =					time.time()
            try:
                 while True:
                      with self._thread_lock:
                           if not self.is_locked:
                                logger().debug(f'Attempting to acquire lock {lock_id} on {lock_filename}')
                                self._acquire()

                      if self.is_locked:
                           logger().debug(f'Lock {lock_id} acquired on {lock_filename}')
                           break
                      elif timeout >= 0 and time.time() - start_time > timeout:
                           logger().debug(f'Timeout on acquiring lock {lock_id} on {lock_filename}')
                           raise Timeout(self._lock_file)
                      else:
                           logger().debug(
                               f'Lock {lock_id} not acquired on {lock_filename}, waiting {poll_intervall} seconds ...')
                           time.sleep(a_)
            except:  # noqa
                 # Something did go wrong, so decrement the counter.
                 with self._thread_lock:
                      snake_case_					       =					max(0,							self._lock_counter - 1)

                 raise
            return _Acquire_ReturnProxy(lock=self)







       def 		a_						( self,							lowerCAmelCase__=False)      ->      Tuple:
            with self._thread_lock:
                 if self.is_locked:
                      self._lock_counter -= 1

                      if self._lock_counter == 0 or force:
                           snake_case_					       =					id(self)
                           snake_case_					       =					self._lock_file

                           logger().debug(f'Attempting to release lock {lock_id} on {lock_filename}')
                           self._release()
                           snake_case_					       =					0
                           logger().debug(f'Lock {lock_id} released on {lock_filename}')

            return None







       def __enter__( self)      ->      Optional[int]:
            self.acquire()
            return self







       def __exit__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      Any:
            self.release()
            return None







       def __del__( self)      ->      Optional[int]:
            self.release(force=a_)
            return None







       def 		a_						( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__)      ->      str:
            snake_case_					       =					os.path.basename(a_)
            if len(a_) > max_length and max_length > 0:
                 snake_case_					       =					os.path.dirname(a_)
                 snake_case_					       =					str(hash(a_))
                 snake_case_					       =					filename[: max_length - len(a_) - 8] + """...""" + hashed_filename + """.lock"""
                 return os.path.join(a_,							a_)
            else:
                 return path




class  UpperCamelCase					(				_lowerCamelCase   ):







       def __init__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__=-1,							lowerCAmelCase__=None)      ->      List[Any]:
            from .file_utils import relative_to_absolute_path

            super().__init__(a_,							timeout=a_,							max_filename_length=a_)
            snake_case_					       =					"""\\\\?\\""" + relative_to_absolute_path(self.lock_file)







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      int:
            snake_case_					       =					os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC

            try:
                 snake_case_					       =					os.open(self._lock_file,							a_)
            except OSError:
                 pass
            else:
                 try:
                      msvcrt.locking(a_,							msvcrt.LK_NBLCK,							1)
                 except OSError:
                      os.close(a_)
                 else:
                      snake_case_					       =					fd
            return None







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      Any:
            snake_case_					       =					self._lock_file_fd
            snake_case_					       =					None
            msvcrt.locking(a_,							msvcrt.LK_UNLCK,							1)
            os.close(a_)

            try:
                 os.remove(self._lock_file)
            # Probably another instance of the application
            # that acquired the file lock.
            except OSError:
                 pass
            return None




class  UpperCamelCase					(				_lowerCamelCase   ):







       def __init__( self,							lowerCAmelCase__,							lowerCAmelCase__=-1,							lowerCAmelCase__=None)      ->      int:
            snake_case_					       =					os.statvfs(os.path.dirname(a_)).f_namemax
            super().__init__(a_,							timeout=a_,							max_filename_length=a_)







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      List[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					os.O_RDWR | os.O_CREAT | os.O_TRUNC
            snake_case_					       =					os.open(self._lock_file,							a_)

            try:
                 fcntl.flock(a_,							fcntl.LOCK_EX | fcntl.LOCK_NB)
            except OSError:
                 os.close(a_)
            else:
                 snake_case_					       =					fd
            return None







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            # Do not remove the lockfile:
            #
            #   https://github.com/benediktschmitt/py-filelock/issues/31
            #   https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17708885/flock-removing-locked-file-without-race-condition
            snake_case_					       =					self._lock_file_fd
            snake_case_					       =					None
            fcntl.flock(a_,							fcntl.LOCK_UN)
            os.close(a_)
            return None




class  UpperCamelCase					(				_lowerCamelCase   ):







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      Optional[Any]:
            snake_case_					       =					os.O_WRONLY | os.O_CREAT | os.O_EXCL | os.O_TRUNC
            try:
                 snake_case_					       =					os.open(self._lock_file,							a_)
            except OSError:
                 pass
            else:
                 snake_case_					       =					fd
            return None







       def 		a_						( self)      ->      int:
            os.close(self._lock_file_fd)
            snake_case_					       =					None

            try:
                 os.remove(self._lock_file)
            # The file is already deleted and that's what we want.
            except OSError:
                 pass
            return None


__UpperCamelCase									=			None

if msvcrt:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			WindowsFileLock
elif fcntl:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			UnixFileLock
else:
    __UpperCamelCase									=			SoftFileLock

    if warnings is not None:
        warnings.warn('''only soft file lock is available''')






'''simple docstring'''






from __future__ import annotations

import queue



class 							lowercase       :


 """simple docstring"""


 def __init__(							self  ,a_							)		->   str:
        _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[Any]			     = data
        _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[int]			     = None
        _UpperCAmelCase  :						Union[str, Any]			     = None







def     snake_case_					(     )->		TreeNode:





       '''simple docstring'''


       print("""\n********Press N to stop entering at any point of time********\n"""		)
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						Any			     = input("""Enter the value of the root node: """		).strip().lower()
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						queue.Queue			     = queue.Queue()
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						List[str]			     = TreeNode(int(lowerCAmelCase_		)		)
       q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       while not q.empty():
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						str			     = q.get()
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Any			     = F'''Enter the left node of {node_found.data}: '''
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Union[str, Any]			     = input(lowerCAmelCase_		).strip().lower() or """n"""
              if check == "n":
                     return tree_node
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						List[str]			     = TreeNode(int(lowerCAmelCase_		)		)
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[int]			     = left_node
              q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Dict			     = F'''Enter the right node of {node_found.data}: '''
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Tuple			     = input(lowerCAmelCase_		).strip().lower() or """n"""
              if check == "n":
                     return tree_node
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Any			     = TreeNode(int(lowerCAmelCase_		)		)
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[Any]			     = right_node
              q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       raise




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       print(node.data       ,   end=""","""		)
       pre_order(node.left		)
       pre_order(node.right		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       in_order(node.left		)
       print(node.data       ,   end=""","""		)
       in_order(node.right		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       post_order(node.left		)
       post_order(node.right		)
       print(node.data       ,   end=""","""		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						queue.Queue			     = queue.Queue()
       q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       while not q.empty():
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Dict			     = q.get()
              print(node_dequeued.data       ,   end=""","""		)
              if node_dequeued.left:
                     q.put(node_dequeued.left		)
              if node_dequeued.right:
                     q.put(node_dequeued.right		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						queue.Queue			     = queue.Queue()
       q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       while not q.empty():
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[int]			     = []
              while not q.empty():
                     _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[int]			     = q.get()
                     print(node_dequeued.data       ,   end=""","""		)
                     if node_dequeued.left:
                            list_.append(node_dequeued.left		)
                     if node_dequeued.right:
                            list_.append(node_dequeued.right		)
              print()
              for node in list_:
                     q.put(lowerCAmelCase_		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						list[TreeNode]			     = []
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[Any]			     = node
       while n or stack:
              while n:  # start from root node, find its left child
                     print(n.data       ,   end=""","""		)
                     stack.append(lowerCAmelCase_		)
                     _UpperCAmelCase  :						Union[str, Any]			     = n.left
              # end of while means current node doesn't have left child
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						int			     = stack.pop()
              # start to traverse its right child
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Any			     = n.right




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						list[TreeNode]			     = []
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[Any]			     = node
       while n or stack:
              while n:
                     stack.append(lowerCAmelCase_		)
                     _UpperCAmelCase  :						Tuple			     = n.left
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Union[str, Any]			     = stack.pop()
              print(n.data       ,   end=""","""		)
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Any			     = n.right




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_		)->		None:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not isinstance(lowerCAmelCase_       ,   lowerCAmelCase_		) or not node:
              return
       _UpperCAmelCase     ,_UpperCAmelCase  :						str			     = [], []
       _UpperCAmelCase  :						Dict			     = node
       stacka.append(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       while stacka:  # to find the reversed order of post order, store it in stack2
              _UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[int]			     = stacka.pop()
              if n.left:
                     stacka.append(n.left		)
              if n.right:
                     stacka.append(n.right		)
              stacka.append(lowerCAmelCase_		)
       while stacka:  # pop up from stack2 will be the post order
              print(stacka.pop().data       ,   end=""","""		)




def     snake_case_					(     lowerCAmelCase_ = ""       ,   lowerCAmelCase_=50       ,   lowerCAmelCase_="*"		)->		str:





       '''simple docstring'''


       if not s:
              return "\n" + width * char
       _UpperCAmelCase     ,_UpperCAmelCase  :						Optional[Any]			     = divmod(width - len(lowerCAmelCase_		) - 2       ,   2		)
       return F'''{left * char} {s} {(left + extra) * char}'''


if __name__ == "__main__":
   import doctest

   doctest.testmod()
   print(prompt("""Binary Tree Traversals"""))

   A_							: TreeNode						 =	build_tree()
   print(prompt("""Pre Order Traversal"""))
   pre_order(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""In Order Traversal"""))
   in_order(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""Post Order Traversal"""))
   post_order(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""Level Order Traversal"""))
   level_order(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""Actual Level Order Traversal"""))
   level_order_actual(node)
   print("""*""" * 5_0 + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""Pre Order Traversal - Iteration Version"""))
   pre_order_iter(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""In Order Traversal - Iteration Version"""))
   in_order_iter(node)
   print(prompt() + """\n""")

   print(prompt("""Post Order Traversal - Iteration Version"""))
   post_order_iter(node)
   print(prompt())



