
from __future__ import annotations

from collections import deque
from collections.abc import Sequence
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any
@dataclass
class 	A__   :
							lowerCAmelCase__		:						int
							lowerCAmelCase__		:						Node | None    			=							None
							lowerCAmelCase__		:						Node | None    			=							None






def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		)     ->						List[str]:
				__lowercase								=					Node(1			)
				__lowercase								=					Node(2			)
				__lowercase								=					Node(3			)
				__lowercase								=					Node(4			)
				__lowercase								=					Node(5			)
				return tree




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						Tuple:
				return [root.data, *preorder(root.left			), *preorder(root.right			)] if root else []




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						List[Any]:
				return postorder(root.left			) + postorder(root.right			) + [root.data] if root else []




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						int:
				return [*inorder(root.left			), root.data, *inorder(root.right			)] if root else []




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						List[str]:
				return (max(height(root.left			)    ,							height(root.right			)			) + 1) if root else 0




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						List[Any]:
				__lowercase								=					[]

				if root is None:
								return output

				__lowercase								=					deque([root]			)

				while process_queue:
								__lowercase								=					process_queue.popleft()
								output.append(node.data			)

								if node.left:
												process_queue.append(node.left			)
								if node.right:
												process_queue.append(node.right			)
				return output




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None    ,							SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      int			)     ->						Optional[int]:
				__lowercase								=					[]

				def populate_output(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None    ,							SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      int			) -> None:
								if not root:
												return
								if level == 1:
												output.append(root.data			)
								elif level > 1:
												populate_output(root.left    ,							level - 1			)
												populate_output(root.right    ,							level - 1			)

				populate_output(_A    ,							_A			)
				return output




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None    ,							SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      int			)     ->						List[Any]:
				__lowercase								=					[]

				def populate_output(SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None    ,							SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      int			) -> None:
								if root is None:
												return
								if level == 1:
												output.append(root.data			)
								elif level > 1:
												populate_output(root.right    ,							level - 1			)
												populate_output(root.left    ,							level - 1			)

				populate_output(_A    ,							_A			)
				return output




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE       :      Node | None			)     ->						List[Any]:







				if root is None:
								return []

				__lowercase								=					[]

				__lowercase								=					0
				__lowercase								=					height(_A			)

				for h in range(1    ,							height_tree + 1			):
								if not flag:
												output.append(get_nodes_from_left_to_right(_A    ,							_A			)			)
												__lowercase								=					1
								else:
												output.append(get_nodes_from_right_to_left(_A    ,							_A			)			)
												__lowercase								=					0

				return output




def 							__SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE   (		)     ->						List[Any]:  # Main function for testing.
				__lowercase								=					make_tree()
				print(F"""In-order Traversal: {inorder(_A			)}"""			)
				print(F"""Pre-order Traversal: {preorder(_A			)}"""			)
				print(F"""Post-order Traversal: {postorder(_A			)}"""    ,							'\n'			)

				print(F"""Height of Tree: {height(_A			)}"""    ,							'\n'			)

				print('Complete Level Order Traversal: '			)
				print(level_order(_A			)    ,							'\n'			)

				print('Level-wise order Traversal: '			)

				for level in range(1    ,							height(_A			) + 1			):
								print(F"""Level {level}:"""    ,							get_nodes_from_left_to_right(_A    ,							level=_A			)			)

				print('\nZigZag order Traversal: '			)
				print(zigzag(_A			)			)


if __name__ == "__main__":
							import doctest

							doctest.testmod()
							main()








import os
import string
import sys


lowerCamelCase           =					1 << 8

lowerCamelCase           =					{
    '''tab''': ord('''\t'''),
    '''newline''': ord('''\r'''),
    '''esc''': 27,
    '''up''': 65 + ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
    '''down''': 66 + ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
    '''right''': 67 + ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
    '''left''': 68 + ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
    '''mod_int''': 91,
    '''undefined''': sys.maxsize,
    '''interrupt''': 3,
    '''insert''': 50,
    '''delete''': 51,
    '''pg_up''': 53,
    '''pg_down''': 54,
}

lowerCamelCase           =					KEYMAP['''up''']
lowerCamelCase           =					KEYMAP['''left''']

if sys.platform == "win32":
       lowerCamelCase           =					[]
       lowerCamelCase           =					{
           b'''\xe0H''': KEYMAP['''up'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\x00H''': KEYMAP['''up'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\xe0P''': KEYMAP['''down'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\x00P''': KEYMAP['''down'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\xe0M''': KEYMAP['''right'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\x00M''': KEYMAP['''right'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\xe0K''': KEYMAP['''left'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
           b'''\x00K''': KEYMAP['''left'''] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG,
       }

for i in range(10):
       lowerCamelCase           =					ord(str(i))




def 			UpperCAmelCase__				(			):





  '''simple docstring'''







  if os.name == "nt":
    import msvcrt

    a__  ='''mbcs'''
    # Flush the keyboard buffer
    while msvcrt.kbhit():
      msvcrt.getch()
    if len(_A							) == 0:
      # Read the keystroke
      a__  =msvcrt.getch()

      # If it is a prefix char, get second part
      if ch in (b"\x00", b"\xe0"):
        a__  =ch + msvcrt.getch()
        # Translate actual Win chars to bullet char types
        try:
          a__  =chr(WIN_KEYMAP[cha]							)
          WIN_CH_BUFFER.append(chr(KEYMAP['''mod_int''']							)							)
          WIN_CH_BUFFER.append(_A							)
          if ord(_A							) in (
              KEYMAP["insert"] - 1 << 9,
              KEYMAP["delete"] - 1 << 9,
              KEYMAP["pg_up"] - 1 << 9,
              KEYMAP["pg_down"] - 1 << 9,
          ):
            WIN_CH_BUFFER.append(chr(1_26							)							)
          a__  =chr(KEYMAP['''esc''']							)
        except KeyError:
          a__  =cha[1]
      else:
        a__  =ch.decode(_A							)
    else:
      a__  =WIN_CH_BUFFER.pop(0							)
  elif os.name == "posix":
    import termios
    import tty

    a__  =sys.stdin.fileno()
    a__  =termios.tcgetattr(_A							)
    try:
      tty.setraw(_A							)
      a__  =sys.stdin.read(1							)
    finally:
      termios.tcsetattr(_A	,      termios.TCSADRAIN	,      _A							)
  return ch




def 			UpperCAmelCase__				(			):





  '''simple docstring'''







  a__  =get_raw_chars()
  if ord(_A							) in [KEYMAP["interrupt"], KEYMAP["newline"]]:
    return char

  elif ord(_A							) == KEYMAP["esc"]:
    a__  =get_raw_chars()
    if ord(_A							) == KEYMAP["mod_int"]:
      a__  =get_raw_chars()
      if ord(_A							) >= KEYMAP["arrow_begin"] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG and ord(_A							) <= KEYMAP["arrow_end"] - ARROW_KEY_FLAG:
        return chr(ord(_A							) + ARROW_KEY_FLAG							)
      else:
        return KEYMAP["undefined"]
    else:
      return get_raw_chars()

  else:
    if char in string.printable:
      return char
    else:
      return KEYMAP["undefined"]
