




from __future__ import annotations

def 			_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE			(							lowercase	:       Optional[int]	,							lowercase	:       Any	,							lowercase	:       Dict	,							lowercase	:       List[str]     ):


      '''simple docstring'''



      lowerCamelCase_		     =    []
      lowerCamelCase_     ,				lowerCamelCase_		     =    input_list[low:mid], input_list[mid : high + 1]
      while left and right:
            result.append((left if left[0] <= right[0] else right).pop(0     )     )
      lowerCamelCase_		     =    result + left + right
      return input_list

def 			_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE			(							lowercase	:       List[Any]     ):


      '''simple docstring'''



      if len(lowercase     ) <= 1:
            return input_list
      lowerCamelCase_		     =    list(lowercase     )

      # iteration for two-way merging
      lowerCamelCase_		     =    2
      while p <= len(lowercase     ):
            # getting low, high and middle value for merge-sort of single list
            for i in range(0	,							len(lowercase     )	,							lowercase     ):
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    i
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    i + p - 1
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    (low + high + 1) // 2
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    merge(lowercase	,							lowercase	,							lowercase	,							lowercase     )
            # final merge of last two parts
            if p * 2 >= len(lowercase     ):
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    i
                  lowerCamelCase_		     =    merge(lowercase	,							0	,							lowercase	,							len(lowercase     ) - 1     )
                  break
            p *= 2

      return input_list


if __name__ == "__main__":
 lowerCamelCase				:		int     =   input("Enter numbers separated by a comma:\n").strip()
 if user_input == "":
  lowerCamelCase				:		List[Any]     =   []
 else:
  lowerCamelCase				:		Tuple     =   [int(item.strip()) for item in user_input.split(",")]
 print(iter_merge_sort(unsorted))





from random import randint
from tempfile import TemporaryFile

import numpy as np


def       A       (					lowercase    ,       lowercase    ,       lowercase )   ->  str:
		'''simple docstring'''

		UpperCamelCase		=     0
		if start < end:
				UpperCamelCase		=     randint(lowercase    ,       lowercase )
				UpperCamelCase		=     a[end]
				UpperCamelCase		=     a[pivot]
				UpperCamelCase		=     temp

				UpperCamelCase	,  UpperCamelCase		=     _in_place_partition(lowercase    ,       lowercase    ,       lowercase )
				count += _in_place_quick_sort(lowercase    ,       lowercase    ,       p - 1 )
				count += _in_place_quick_sort(lowercase    ,       p + 1    ,       lowercase )
		return count


def       A       (					lowercase    ,       lowercase    ,       lowercase )   ->  int:
		'''simple docstring'''

		UpperCamelCase		=     0
		UpperCamelCase		=     randint(lowercase    ,       lowercase )
		UpperCamelCase		=     a[end]
		UpperCamelCase		=     a[pivot]
		UpperCamelCase		=     temp
		UpperCamelCase		=     start - 1
		for index in range(lowercase    ,       lowercase ):
				count += 1
				if a[index] < a[end]:  # check if current val is less than pivot value
						UpperCamelCase		=     new_pivot_index + 1
						UpperCamelCase		=     a[new_pivot_index]
						UpperCamelCase		=     a[index]
						UpperCamelCase		=     temp

		UpperCamelCase		=     a[new_pivot_index + 1]
		UpperCamelCase		=     a[end]
		UpperCamelCase		=     temp
		return new_pivot_index + 1, count


_UpperCAmelCase					: Union[str, Any]      =       TemporaryFile()
_UpperCAmelCase					: List[Any]      =       100  # 1000 elements are to be sorted


_UpperCAmelCase   ,_UpperCAmelCase					: Any      =       0, 1  # mean and standard deviation
_UpperCAmelCase					: Any      =       np.random.normal(mu, sigma, p)
np.save(outfile, X)
print("The array is")
print(X)


outfile.seek(0)  # using the same array
_UpperCAmelCase					: Any      =       np.load(outfile)
_UpperCAmelCase					: str      =       len(M) - 1
_UpperCAmelCase					: List[str]      =       _in_place_quick_sort(M, 0, r)

print(
    "No of Comparisons for 100 elements selected from a standard normal distribution"
    "is :"
)


print(z)
