def 					__lowerCAmelCase			(  _A					):



							"""simple docstring"""


							if len(_A					) <= 1:
														return data
							else:
														return [
														    *quick_sort([e for e in data[1:] if e <= data[0]]					),
														    data[0],
														    *quick_sort([e for e in data[1:] if e > data[0]]					),
														]


if __name__ == "__main__":
				import doctest

				doctest.testmod()



import numpy as np


def 					__lowerCAmelCase			(  _A ,_A="utf-8" ,_A="surrogatepass"					):



							"""simple docstring"""


							_lowercase				=	bin(int.from_bytes(text.encode(_A ,_A					) ,"""big"""					)					)[2:]
							return bits.zfill(8 * ((len(_A					) + 7) // 8)					)


def 					__lowerCAmelCase			(  _A ,_A="utf-8" ,_A="surrogatepass"					):



							"""simple docstring"""


							_lowercase				=	int(_A ,2					)
							return n.to_bytes((n.bit_length() + 7) // 8 ,"""big"""					).decode(_A ,_A					) or "\0"


def 					__lowerCAmelCase			(  _A ,_A					):



							"""simple docstring"""


							if size_par + len(_A					) <= 2**size_par - (len(_A					) - 1):
														raise ValueError("""size of parity don't match with size of data"""					)

							_lowercase				=	[]
							_lowercase				=	[]
							_lowercase				=	[bin(_A					)[2:] for x in range(1 ,size_par + len(_A					) + 1					)]

							# sorted information data for the size of the output data
							_lowercase				=	[]
							# data position template + parity
							_lowercase				=	[]
							# parity bit counter
							_lowercase				=	0
							# counter position of data bits
							_lowercase				=	0

							for x in range(1 ,size_par + len(_A					) + 1					):
														# Performs a template of bit positions - who should be given,
														# and who should be parity
														if qtd_bp < size_par:
																					if (np.log(_A					) / np.log(2					)).is_integer():
																												data_out_gab.append("""P"""					)
																												_lowercase				=	qtd_bp + 1
																					else:
																												data_out_gab.append("""D"""					)
														else:
																					data_out_gab.append("""D"""					)

														# Sorts the data to the new output size
														if data_out_gab[-1] == "D":
																					data_ord.append(data[cont_data]					)
																					cont_data += 1
														else:
																					data_ord.append(_A					)

    # Calculates parity
							_lowercase				=	0  # parity bit counter
							for bp in range(1 ,size_par + 1					):
														# Bit counter one for a given parity
														_lowercase				=	0
														# counter to control the loop reading
														_lowercase				=	0
														for x in data_ord:
																					if x is not None:
																												try:
																																			_lowercase				=	(bin_pos[cont_loop])[-1 * (bp)]
																												except IndexError:
																																			_lowercase				=	"""0"""
																												if aux == "1" and x == "1":
																																			cont_bo += 1
																					cont_loop += 1
														parity.append(cont_bo % 2					)

														qtd_bp += 1

							# Mount the message
							_lowercase				=	0  # parity bit counter
							for x in range(0 ,size_par + len(_A					)					):
														if data_ord[x] is None:
																					data_out.append(str(parity[cont_bp]					)					)
																					cont_bp += 1
														else:
																					data_out.append(data_ord[x]					)

							return data_out


def 					__lowerCAmelCase			(  _A ,_A					):



							"""simple docstring"""


							_lowercase				=	[]
							# Parity bit counter
							_lowercase				=	0
							# Counter p data bit reading
							_lowercase				=	0
							# list of parity received
							_lowercase				=	[]
							_lowercase				=	[]

							for x in range(1 ,len(_A					) + 1					):
														# Performs a template of bit positions - who should be given,
														#  and who should be parity
														if qtd_bp < size_par and (np.log(_A					) / np.log(2					)).is_integer():
																					data_out_gab.append("""P"""					)
																					_lowercase				=	qtd_bp + 1
														else:
																					data_out_gab.append("""D"""					)

														# Sorts the data to the new output size
														if data_out_gab[-1] == "D":
																					data_output.append(data[cont_data]					)
														else:
																					parity_received.append(data[cont_data]					)
														cont_data += 1

							# -----------calculates the parity with the data
							_lowercase				=	[]
							_lowercase				=	[]
							_lowercase				=	[bin(_A					)[2:] for x in range(1 ,size_par + len(_A					) + 1					)]

							#  sorted information data for the size of the output data
							_lowercase				=	[]
							# Data position feedback + parity
							_lowercase				=	[]
							# Parity bit counter
							_lowercase				=	0
							# Counter p data bit reading
							_lowercase				=	0

							for x in range(1 ,size_par + len(_A					) + 1					):
														# Performs a template position of bits - who should be given,
														# and who should be parity
														if qtd_bp < size_par and (np.log(_A					) / np.log(2					)).is_integer():
																					data_out_gab.append("""P"""					)
																					_lowercase				=	qtd_bp + 1
														else:
																					data_out_gab.append("""D"""					)

														# Sorts the data to the new output size
														if data_out_gab[-1] == "D":
																					data_ord.append(data_output[cont_data]					)
																					cont_data += 1
														else:
																					data_ord.append(_A					)

    # Calculates parity
							_lowercase				=	0  # parity bit counter
							for bp in range(1 ,size_par + 1					):
														# Bit counter one for a certain parity
														_lowercase				=	0
														# Counter to control loop reading
														_lowercase				=	0
														for x in data_ord:
																					if x is not None:
																												try:
																																			_lowercase				=	(bin_pos[cont_loop])[-1 * (bp)]
																												except IndexError:
																																			_lowercase				=	"""0"""
																												if aux == "1" and x == "1":
																																			cont_bo += 1
																					cont_loop += 1
														parity.append(str(cont_bo % 2					)					)

														qtd_bp += 1

							# Mount the message
							_lowercase				=	0  # Parity bit counter
							for x in range(0 ,size_par + len(_A					)					):
														if data_ord[x] is None:
																					data_out.append(str(parity[cont_bp]					)					)
																					cont_bp += 1
														else:
																					data_out.append(data_ord[x]					)

							_lowercase				=	parity_received == parity
							return data_output, ack


