
'''simple docstring'''







from __future__ import annotations



def       _a		(						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: list[int]	):
						if not list_of_ints:
												return []

						if min(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	) < 0:
												raise ValueError("All numbers must be positive"	)

						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			max(len(bin(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)[2:]	) for x in list_of_ints	)
						return _msd_radix_sort(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)



def       _a		(						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: list[int]						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: int	):
						if bit_position == 0 or len(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	) in [0, 1]:
												return list_of_ints

						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			[]
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			[]
						# Split numbers based on bit at bit_position from the right
						for number in list_of_ints:
												if (number >> (bit_position - 1)) & 1:
																		# number has a one at bit bit_position
																		ones.append(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)
												else:
																		# number has a zero at bit bit_position
																		zeros.append(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)

    # recursively split both lists further
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			_msd_radix_sort(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      bit_position - 1	)
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			_msd_radix_sort(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      bit_position - 1	)

						# recombine lists
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			zeros
						res.extend(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)

						return res



def       _a		(						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: list[int]	):
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			len(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)
						if not list_of_ints or length == 1:
												return

						if min(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	) < 0:
												raise ValueError("All numbers must be positive"	)

						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			max(len(bin(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)[2:]	) for x in list_of_ints	)
						_msd_radix_sort_inplace(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      0						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)



def       _a		(						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: list[int]						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: int						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: int						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: int	):
						if bit_position == 0 or end_index - begin_index <= 1:
												return

						bit_position -= 1

						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			begin_index
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			end_index - 1
						while i <= j:
												_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			False
												if not (list_of_ints[i] >> bit_position) & 1:
																		# found zero at the beginning
																		i += 1
																		_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			True
												if (list_of_ints[j] >> bit_position) & 1:
																		# found one at the end
																		j -= 1
																		_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			True

												if changed:
																		continue

												_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE,				_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			list_of_ints[j], list_of_ints[i]
												j -= 1
												if j != i:
																		i += 1

						_msd_radix_sort_inplace(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)
						_msd_radix_sort_inplace(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE						,      _SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)


if __name__ == "__main__":
						import doctest

						doctest.testmod()

'''simple docstring'''







from __future__ import annotations

import random
import string


class       lowerCAmelCase			:




		def __init__(					self       ,    UpperCamelCase = None   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			passcode or self.__passcode_creator()
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			self.__make_key_list()
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			self.__make_shift_key()




		def __str__(					self   ):
								return "".join(self.__passcode   )




		def      lowercase							(					self       ,    UpperCamelCase   ):
								for i in range(1       ,    len(UpperCamelCase   )       ,    2   ):
														iterlist[i] *= -1
								return iterlist




		def      lowercase							(					self   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			string.ascii_letters + string.digits
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			[random.choice(UpperCamelCase   ) for _ in range(random.randint(10       ,    20   )   )]
								return password




		def      lowercase							(					self   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			(
								    string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation + " \t\n"
								)

								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			[]

								# creates points known as breakpoints to break the key_list_options at those
								# points and pivot each substring
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			sorted(set(self.__passcode   )   )
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			[]

								# algorithm for creating a new shuffled list, keys_l, out of key_list_options
								for i in key_list_options:
														temp_list.extend(UpperCamelCase   )

														# checking breakpoints at which to pivot temporary sublist and add it into
														# keys_l
														if i in breakpoints or i == key_list_options[-1]:
																				keys_l.extend(temp_list[::-1]   )
																				temp_list.clear()

        # returning a shuffled keys_l to prevent brute force guessing of shift key
								return keys_l




		def      lowercase							(					self   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			sum(self.__neg_pos([ord(UpperCamelCase   ) for x in self.__passcode]   )   )
								return num if num > 0 else len(self.__passcode   )




		def      lowercase							(					self       ,    UpperCamelCase   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			""

								# decoding shift like Caesar cipher algorithm implementing negative shift or
								# reverse shift or left shift
								for i in encoded_message:
														_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			self.__key_list.index(UpperCamelCase   )
														decoded_message += self.__key_list[
														    (position - self.__shift_key) % -len(self.__key_list   )
														]

								return decoded_message




		def      lowercase							(					self       ,    UpperCamelCase   ):
								_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			""

								# encoding shift like Caesar cipher algorithm implementing positive shift or
								# forward shift or right shift
								for i in plaintext:
														_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			self.__key_list.index(UpperCamelCase   )
														encoded_message += self.__key_list[
														    (position + self.__shift_key) % len(self.__key_list   )
														]

								return encoded_message



def       _a		(						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE		: str = "Hello, this is a modified Caesar cipher"	):
						_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE					=			ShuffledShiftCipher()
						return cipa.decrypt(cipa.encrypt(_SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE	)	)


if __name__ == "__main__":
						import doctest

						doctest.testmod()