How good is this variant of the Sicilian defense? I am relatively new to chess SE, so I am not sure how to include the chessboard thing.

[FEN ""]    

1. e4 c5 
2. Nf3 Nc6 
3. d4 cxd4 
4. Nxd4 Nf6
5. Bc4?! Nxe4
6. Bxf7+ Kxf7
7. Qh5+ ...
8. Qd5+


and wins back the Knight after that.  I am a ~1900 rating player on chess.com, and I play it frequently.  I win almost most of the matches and it is evident white settles for a good positional advantage by the end of this opening, leaving black unable to castle.  I would actually call this a trap that loses black his ability to castle.  Is there a name for this?  Is there any counter to this variation perhaps (I have never encountered one before)?  If not why is this rarely seen in world championships?
I would actually call this a trap that loses black his ability to
  castle.


I would call it a double blunder, first by white with 5. Bc4 then by black with 5. ... Nxe4.


  Is there a name for this?


It is unusual for blunders to be given names although it does happen in special cases. This isn't special.


  Is there any counter to this variation?



... Qa5+ is the obvious one after which white looks to be in a lot of trouble to me.


Deliberately playing bad moves in the hope that your opponent will blunder is called "hope chess". If you want to improve then you have to try and stop doing that because it won't work against good players.