What are the key ideas for white in the Keres Attack (Sicilian Scheveningen)? The Keres Attack (Sicilian Scheveningen) has the following starting position

[FEN ""]
[White "Keres Attack"]
[Black "Sicilian Scheveningen"]
1. e4 c5 2. Nf3 d6 3. d4 cxd4 4. Nxd4 Nf6 5. Nc3 e6 6. g4


What are the key ideas for white in this variation? Where should white place the light and heavy pieces? Should the King always castle queenside? What setup should white aim for?
OK, this one was tough to crack!

I almost gave up, but I believe I have found enough resources to help you grasp the concept of play.


  What are the key ideas for white in this variation? 


I think that you will find the answer you seek in this article. The second part is found here and contains relevant moves only-no additional explanations are added.

Still, it tells you enough to grasp the basics.


  Should the King always castle queenside?


Yes, otherwise what is the point of g4-it will only weaken the king right ?


  Where should white place the light and heavy pieces?  


According to the first part of the above article, bishop goes to g5, the other one's placement depends from the concrete lines, the way I see it. Rooks go to d1 and g1/h3-the latter depending on the circumstances.


  What setup should white aim for?


The second part of the above article has a good theoretical coverage in my opinion, but ultimately the decision is yours since I am not an 1.e4 player and my theory knowledge is too rusty. 

As member Fischer suggested, you can use this link to see some master games with commentary and try to learn something from them. Here is the link with some instructive games, in my opinion, that might help you-note the reference to this game in the comments. 

NOTE: Not all the games are about Keres attack but please observe that this is a blog, not a theoretical book.

Another reason for including these links: Being FIDE master yourself, and those guys being IMs, you should have easier time understanding their moves and you should improve faster from those games.

This article mentions several key games for illustrating themes and ideas in Keres attack. To see them you need to register, but with some cleverness we can bypass this:

We know that the games mentioned were played in year 2007 or before, and know the names of the players and the ECO code of the opening. With these information it was not hard for me to find referenced games:

Sokolov-Nisipeanu ( notice that this blog mentions e5 as serious novelty for Black as well-see the commentary bellow the diagram! )

Searching through the same database I found only one game between Macieja and Kasimdzhanov where they played Keres attack so here is the link.

And here is the last game.

These illustrate key ideas for black and ways the White copes with them-positioning of the rooks and minor pieces. For the original commentary of those  you shall have to get by yourself. 

A good thing would be to compare the moves with the current theory, and to use strong engine to analyze the critical middle-game positions in order to reveal the mistakes players made. This should give you better insight about minor piece/rook positioning.

EDIT:

There are no "typical plans" or "typical piece setup" in the Keres attack-only raw calculation and creativity. 

You must be able to adapt to the every change in the position-which is logical-since these are open/semi-open games and that is the quality they require from a player. 

Only closed/semi-closed systems can give you "typical plans/piece setup" which is logical when you think about it, since the closed nature of the position allows you to maneuver. 

In open games things change rapidly, so to ask "typical plans" is pointless, especially in such a dynamic and sharp line like this. I would focus my attention on tactical sharpness.

The way I see it, you can use g4 to force Black into making a concession on the king side and to grab more space. Then you should use your better piece coordination and space advantage to increase your initiative. Playing through the games I see this idea for White over and over. 

This is the way I would approach this problem. 

END OF EDIT

Unfortunately this is all I can offer at the moment, hopefully it will be enough.

Good luck and best regards!