Is it possible to have a 4-coloring for a non-planar graph ? I have been working on this thread Grid $k$-coloring without monochromatic rectangles, and I am aware that the four color theorem implies that all planar graphs are four colorable. 

The question is whether this is a necessary condition as well, i.e. whether having a proof that a graph is not planar implies it is not four colorable ?
Obviously not. A graph is bipartite if and only if it is 2-colorable, but not every bipartite graph is planar ($K_{3,3}$ comes to mind).