What is the difference between 学科 and 专业? I guess below college there are only 学科, and in college or even higher (if any) both 学科 and 专业 are merged as the same. That's why this year's first-rate university and 学科 evaluation does not include 专业.
When we talk about the courses we choose in college, they are pretty much the same thing, but actually they are just different from the purposes of their courses.

学科 is for academic purpose, studying a certain science or academic field.

专业 is based on social professions and the social division of labor, learning skills and knowledge of a certain industry or business.