Difference between 能 and verb + 得了(de liao3) I remember once being told that there are differences in usage and meaning between 能 and verb + 得了.

他能来。 他不能来。
他来得了。 他来不了。

EDIT:
Maybe my examples above weren't that good. Here are some new ones:

小孩搬不了这个大花盆。 小孩不能搬这个大花盆。
这儿声音太大，我听不了。 这儿声音太大，我不能听。  

When should I use each? What are the differences in meaning?

Thanks in advance!
I think the difference is mostly in formality. For the first 2 examples you've given, both would be acceptable grammatically, but 能 definitely sounds more formal.

However, I think there are examples where they can't completely be used interchangeably. 

我吃不了了 can be used to indicate that one can't keep eating (because one is full/doesn't like the food). But to indicate the same with 能 you probably need to say, 我不能继续吃了。

This might fall in a general category of idioms where you can't use 能 instead of a construction involving 得. For example, 我看不起他 really can't be replaced easily with 能