What is relation between 得 and 他 in these sentences? I have the sequence X得他 2 times. What confuses me is the 得他。 I think 1. can be rewritten as shown, but in 2. I'm not sure. It seems more like 使得 is just 'make, cause'.

It is said 'after X得 is an adverbial, but how can 他 be part of an adverbial?

吓他： frighten him 使他： make him


吓得他[拔腿就跑]。 = 他被吓得[拔腿就跑]。
使得他[闭上眼睛，心理就有竹子的影子]，= 他被使得[闭上眼睛，心理就有竹子的影子]


2。 （他）对竹子非常熟悉，使得他闭上眼睛，心理就有竹子的影子，因此他画的竹子徐徐如生，远近闻名。

使得： 某事物引起一定的结果： make
cause : （他）对竹子非常熟悉 

effect: 他闭上眼睛，心理就有竹子的影子

使得 can express causal relation. If you read the sentence this way, maybe it is more comprehensive.

Example 1: 热使得气体膨胀 Heat makes gases expand, where:

cause : 热 

effect: 气体膨胀

Example 2: 因为你的说明，使得我弄清楚怎么一回事 Your explanation makes me clear, where:

cause : 你的说明 

effect: 我弄清楚怎么一回事