According to the Catholic Church, how do you perform an examination of conscience? When preparing for the Sacrament of Reconciliation, we are instructed to perform an examination of conscience.  How exactly are we supposed to go about doing this?  I am looking for a thorough, sourced, pragmatic, and detailed answer focused on the spiritual actions of the penitent in sequential order.
There a guides for helping with examination of conscience, such as this short examination of conscience and this longer version. They often go through the 10 Commandments


Thou shalt not have other gods besides Me
Thou shalt not take the Name of the Lord thy God in vain
Remember to keep holy the Lord’s day
Honor thy father and thy mother
Thou shalt not murder
Thou shalt not commit adultery
Thou shalt not steal
Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s wife
Thou shalt not covet thy neighbor’s goods


and give particular examples of violations of each commandment. Reviewing the commandments of the Church:


To go to Mass and refrain from servile work on Sundays and holy days
To go to Confession at least once a year (traditionally done during Lent)
To receive the Eucharist at least once a year, during the Easter Season (known as the "Easter duty")
To observe the days of fasting and abstinence
To help to provide for the needs of the Church according to one's abilities and station in life
To obey the marriage laws of the Church 


and the capital sins (i.e., sins from which others arise):


Pride
Greed
Lust
Anger
Gluttony
Envy
Sloth


can also help.

As the Council of Trent says:


  Tell your sins as they are in your mind, that is, as they appear to you, according to your own feeling about them.


See the appendix of The Secret of Confession: Including the Wonders of Confession for a short "How to Go to Confession."

Also, the Veni, Sancte Spiritus (Come, O Holy Ghost) prayer is commonly said at the beginning of the examination of conscience, to ask the Holy Ghost to enlighten you with the graces to discover your sins and make a good confession. You can hear it sung here.