Did the metaphor of ' cup of suffering' as used by Jesus derive from OT? At John 18:11 (NRSVCE) we see Jesus foretelling His passion and death on the cross : 

".. Jesus said to Peter, “Put your sword back into its sheath. Am I not to drink the cup that the Father has given me?” " 

Here, Jesus is using the image of cup to symbolise the suffering for a positive purpose , as against the cup of wine' referred to at Psalms 75: 8 and from which thewicked of the earth' are to drink. 

I wish to know if Jesus was referring to any other writing of the Old Testament while speaking of the cup of suffering ? What do the teachings of Catholic Church tell about the possibility of such a  reference ?
The Old Testament is full of references to the "pouring out" of wrath, usually God's wrath. This alone is not enough to draw the connection between wrath and drinking a cup. After all, there are many things that can be poured out like fire (Nahum 1:5) and water (Hosea 5:10). The majority of these references do not directly make a simile but refer to "pouring out wrath" without any comparison to the kinds of things that could be poured out but, there are some cases where wine is hinted.

Isaiah 63:6 - I trampled down the peoples in my anger; I made them drunk in my wrath, and I poured out their lifeblood on the earth.”

Here we have a drunkenness, wrath, and blood. Wine and blood are commonly interchanged elsewhere in the Bible. Genesis 49:11 has a reference to wine as "the blood of the grapes." Violence is sometimes referred to as being "drunk with blood" (Numbers 23:24, Deuteronomy 32:42, Isaiah 49:36, Ezekiel 39.19). 

Jesus knows that he is preparing to suffer his own bloodshed to take upon himself the wrath of God and he is tapping into the biblical associations between wine, blood, and wrath.