Does the Bible explain why God chose Israel? There are many nations in the world. And surely there were many in the times of Abraham and Moses. Does the Bible tell us why God choose only to lead the Israelites and not the rest?
"Why did God choose Israel?" appears as a common question among some Christians. For example, we had entire sermons for weeks based on this one question. Enough of that now; to the answer!

God chose Israel because of His promise to Abraham. 

As a reward for Abraham's faith in the Lord, God said to him in Genesis 12:2-3:


  I will make you a great nation; I will bless you and make your name great; and you shall be a blessing. I will bless those who bless you, and I will curse him who curses you; and in you all the families of the earth shall be blessed. 


The Lord Himself expands on this in an address to the Israelites delivered by Moses in Deuteronomy 7:6-8:


  For you are a holy people to the LORD your God; the LORD your God has chosen you to be a people for Himself, a special treasure above all the peoples on the face of the earth. The LORD did not set His love on you nor choose you because you were more in number than any other people, for you were the least of all peoples; but because the LORD loves you, and because He would keep the oath which He swore to your fathers, the LORD has brought you out with a mighty hand, and redeemed you from the house of bondage, from the hand of Pharaoh king of Egypt.


God chose Israel because He had promised Abraham that his descendants would become a great nation (see Genesis 12:3, 7; 17:4, 7-8; 22:17). Abraham and his descendants were blessed because of Abraham's faith which resulted in obedience to God’s law (see Genesis 26:3-5). This same promise was repeated to Abraham's descendants (see Genesis 17:21; 26:24; 28:1-4, 13).