Is the Roman Catholic church condemning Protestants? In the early church the apostles often use the term 'let them be anathema'.


  But even if we, or an angel from heaven, were to preach any other
  gospel unto you than that which we have preached unto you, let him be
  anathema.
  Galatians 1:8 
  
  If any man does not love the Lord Jesus Christ, let him be anathema.
  Our Lord has come.
  1 Corinthians 16:22


It is also obvious that the Roman Catholic Church continued to use this expression in regards to believing in the Eucharist and issued similar statements as the apostles used.


  If anyone denies that in the sacrament of the most Holy Eucharist are
  contained truly, really and substantially the body and blood together
  with the soul and divinity of our Lord Jesus Christ, and consequently
  the whole Christ,[42] but says that He is in it only as in a sign, or
  figure or force, let him be anathema.
  Council of Trent - Canons on the Most Holy Sacrament of the Eucharist, Canon I


My question is: Who does the Catholic Church address here to be condemned for not believing in the real presence of Christ in Eucharist? Is it meant for Catholics who reject the idea of Christ present in the Holy Eucharist or is it meant for Protestants and other churches that don't believe it?

If it's all the people, does it mean there is no salvation outside the Catholic church once they recognized their truth?
The language of the Council of Trent you quoted is clear and answers your question: "If anyone denies…" etc. Thus, that proposition clearly applies to anyone, Catholic or Protestant, Jew, pagan, etc.

One must profess the Catholic Faith to be a member of the Catholic Church. "Anathema sit" ("let him be anathema") simply professes the heretic's non-membership in the Catholic Church.