How does ordination confer priestly powers to Catholic priests? When a Catholic priest is ordained, from whom and how do they get the powers to do things that only a priest can do (for example, confect the Eucharist, hear Confessions, give the Anointing of the Sick, and, in some cases, give Confirmation)?
For things that are simply a matter of permission, the priest gets his authority from the church. The bishop who performs the ordination confers the authority in the name ofcthe church.

For more spiritual activities, like the ability to perform mass, the power comes from God, mediated through the church.