Who first divided the Bible's books into chapters? I've heard that the Bible's division into verses was made later than the division into chapters. So, whose translation firstly came up with this system of chapter divisions that we have today?
The Bible used today by Christians was dived into chapter and verse by Catholic Arch Bishop Stephen Langton.  

Prior to this, Jewish Rabbi,s had devided the OT, the OT used in their calendar, so that is could be used is worship through the year.  This was their Catechism and their Liturgy.