Does the Lutheran view of pope as AntiChrist stem from doctrine of justification? I've heard popular retellings of the Lutheran view of pope as Antichrist that range from:


a delusion that Pope Leo X was the incarnate figure of prophecy, to
a slur (like calling George Washington a communist), to
a conviction that it's a simple statement of the doctrine of 
justification: no one is "ante" (stands before, between Christ and sinner) in the mechanism of salvation


A previous question focused on the role of prophecy in the idea.  But my question is to what extent this concept is not a mere slur but rather a necessary consequence of the doctrine of justification. Both bases may offend, but one is unavoidable consequence of there being two different denominations.   Quotes from Reformers and prominent Lutheran theologians are of interest.
Despite my love for Martin Luther and the doctrine of justification, I believe the answer to your question is (for the most part) yes.

While I don't believe that most modern Lutherans believe that the Pope is the Antichrist, Martin Luther did say it as a criticism of papal supremacy and the sale of indulgences.  So as you put it, a conviction that it's a simple statement of the doctrine of justification: no one is "ante" (stands before, between Christ and sinner) in the mechanism of salvation might be most correct for the original view held by Luther himself.


  "This teaching [of the supremacy of the pope] shows forcefully that the Pope is the very Antichrist, who has exalted himself above, and opposed himself against Christ, because he will not permit Christians to be saved without his power, which, nevertheless, is nothing, and is neither ordained nor commanded by God."
  --Martin Luther


Some Lutherans may still have strong views regarding the Pope, but most do not.  The WELS webpage about this topic may give you additional insights into the view of some Confessional Lutherans, or at least some within WELS.