README.md

metadata

pretty_name: MLQA (MultiLingual Question Answering)
language:
  - en
  - de
  - es
  - ar
  - zh
  - vi
  - hi
license:
  - cc-by-sa-3.0
source_datasets:
  - original
size_categories:
  - 10K<n<100K
language_creators:
  - crowdsourced
annotations_creators:
  - crowdsourced
multilinguality:
  - multilingual
task_categories:
  - question-answering
task_ids:
  - extractive-qa
paperswithcode_id: mlqa
dataset_info:
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.ar
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      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
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          - name: text
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      - name: id
        dtype: string
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        num_examples: 4918
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 1115055
        num_examples: 507
    download_size: 75719050
    dataset_size: 12722037
  - config_name: mlqa.hi.vi
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 4664436
        num_examples: 1947
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 411654
        num_examples: 177
    download_size: 75719050
    dataset_size: 5076090
  - config_name: mlqa.hi.zh
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 4281309
        num_examples: 1767
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 416192
        num_examples: 189
    download_size: 75719050
    dataset_size: 4697501
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.ar
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 3161766
        num_examples: 2047
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 226511
        num_examples: 163
    download_size: 1624966
    dataset_size: 3388277
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.de
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 2187401
        num_examples: 1675
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 272563
        num_examples: 182
    download_size: 1239745
    dataset_size: 2459964
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.en
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 7720997
        num_examples: 5495
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 707325
        num_examples: 511
    download_size: 3997363
    dataset_size: 8428322
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.es
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 2820180
        num_examples: 2018
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 278995
        num_examples: 189
    download_size: 1575399
    dataset_size: 3099175
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.hi
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 2735825
        num_examples: 1947
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 251239
        num_examples: 177
    download_size: 1339630
    dataset_size: 2987064
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.vi
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 7800838
        num_examples: 5495
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 714691
        num_examples: 511
    download_size: 4032651
    dataset_size: 8515529
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.zh
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 2945247
        num_examples: 1943
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 264923
        num_examples: 184
    download_size: 1541616
    dataset_size: 3210170
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.ar
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 1694830
        num_examples: 1912
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 171503
        num_examples: 188
    download_size: 1194051
    dataset_size: 1866333
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.de
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 1354417
        num_examples: 1621
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 170446
        num_examples: 190
    download_size: 977976
    dataset_size: 1524863
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.en
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 4347550
        num_examples: 5137
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 436425
        num_examples: 504
    download_size: 3036411
    dataset_size: 4783975
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.es
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 1695763
        num_examples: 1947
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 134480
        num_examples: 161
    download_size: 1194221
    dataset_size: 1830243
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.hi
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 1547159
        num_examples: 1767
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 180928
        num_examples: 189
    download_size: 75719050
    dataset_size: 1728087
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.vi
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 1768324
        num_examples: 1943
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 169420
        num_examples: 184
    download_size: 1241579
    dataset_size: 1937744
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.zh
    features:
      - name: context
        dtype: string
      - name: question
        dtype: string
      - name: answers
        sequence:
          - name: answer_start
            dtype: int32
          - name: text
            dtype: string
      - name: id
        dtype: string
    splits:
      - name: test
        num_bytes: 4318929
        num_examples: 5137
      - name: validation
        num_bytes: 433369
        num_examples: 504
    download_size: 3033142
    dataset_size: 4752298
configs:
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.ar
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.ar/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.de
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.de/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.es
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.es/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.hi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.hi/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.vi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.vi/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-test.zh
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa-translate-test.zh/test-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.ar
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.ar/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.ar/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.de
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.de/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.de/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.es
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.es/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.es/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.hi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.hi/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.hi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.vi
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.vi/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.vi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa-translate-train.zh
    data_files:
      - split: train
        path: mlqa-translate-train.zh/train-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa-translate-train.zh/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.ar
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.ar/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.ar/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.de
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.de/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.de/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.en
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.en/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.en/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.es
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.es/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.es/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.hi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.hi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.hi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.vi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.vi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.vi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.ar.zh
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.ar.zh/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.ar.zh/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.ar
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.ar/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.ar/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.de
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.de/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.de/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.en
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.en/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.en/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.es
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.es/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.es/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.hi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.hi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.hi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.vi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.vi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.vi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.de.zh
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.de.zh/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.de.zh/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.ar
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.ar/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.ar/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.de
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.de/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.de/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.en
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.en/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.en/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.es
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.es/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.es/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.hi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.hi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.hi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.vi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.vi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.vi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.vi.zh
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.vi.zh/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.vi.zh/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.ar
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.ar/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.ar/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.de
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.de/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.de/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.en
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.en/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.en/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.es
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.es/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.es/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.vi
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.vi/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.vi/validation-*
  - config_name: mlqa.zh.zh
    data_files:
      - split: test
        path: mlqa.zh.zh/test-*
      - split: validation
        path: mlqa.zh.zh/validation-*

Dataset Card for "mlqa"

Table of Contents

• Dataset Description
  • Dataset Summary
  • Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
  • Languages
• Dataset Structure
  • Data Instances
  • Data Fields
  • Data Splits
• Dataset Creation
  • Curation Rationale
  • Source Data
  • Annotations
  • Personal and Sensitive Information
• Considerations for Using the Data
  • Social Impact of Dataset
  • Discussion of Biases
  • Other Known Limitations
• Additional Information
  • Dataset Curators
  • Licensing Information
  • Citation Information
  • Contributions

Dataset Description

• Homepage: https://github.com/facebookresearch/MLQA
• Repository: More Information Needed
• Paper: More Information Needed
• Point of Contact: More Information Needed
• Size of downloaded dataset files: 4.15 GB
• Size of the generated dataset: 910.01 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 5.06 GB

Dataset Summary

MLQA (MultiLingual Question Answering) is a benchmark dataset for evaluating cross-lingual question answering performance.
MLQA consists of over 5K extractive QA instances (12K in English) in SQuAD format in seven languages - English, Arabic,
German, Spanish, Hindi, Vietnamese and Simplified Chinese. MLQA is highly parallel, with QA instances parallel between
4 different languages on average.

Supported Tasks and Leaderboards

More Information Needed

Languages

MLQA contains QA instances in 7 languages, English, Arabic, German, Spanish, Hindi, Vietnamese and Simplified Chinese.

Dataset Structure

Data Instances

mlqa-translate-test.ar

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 10.08 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 5.48 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 15.56 MB

An example of 'test' looks as follows.

mlqa-translate-test.de

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 10.08 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 3.88 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 13.96 MB

An example of 'test' looks as follows.

mlqa-translate-test.es

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 10.08 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 3.92 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 13.99 MB

An example of 'test' looks as follows.

mlqa-translate-test.hi

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 10.08 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 4.61 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 14.68 MB

An example of 'test' looks as follows.

mlqa-translate-test.vi

• Size of downloaded dataset files: 10.08 MB
• Size of the generated dataset: 6.00 MB
• Total amount of disk used: 16.07 MB

An example of 'test' looks as follows.

Data Fields

The data fields are the same among all splits.

mlqa-translate-test.ar

• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.
  • text: a string feature.
• id: a string feature.

mlqa-translate-test.de

• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.
  • text: a string feature.
• id: a string feature.

mlqa-translate-test.es

• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.
  • text: a string feature.
• id: a string feature.

mlqa-translate-test.hi

• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.
  • text: a string feature.
• id: a string feature.

mlqa-translate-test.vi

• context: a string feature.
• question: a string feature.
• answers: a dictionary feature containing:
  • answer_start: a int32 feature.
  • text: a string feature.
• id: a string feature.

Data Splits

name	test
mlqa-translate-test.ar	5335
mlqa-translate-test.de	4517
mlqa-translate-test.es	5253
mlqa-translate-test.hi	4918
mlqa-translate-test.vi	5495

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

More Information Needed

Source Data

Initial Data Collection and Normalization

More Information Needed

Who are the source language producers?

More Information Needed

Annotations

Annotation process

More Information Needed

Who are the annotators?

More Information Needed

Personal and Sensitive Information

More Information Needed

Considerations for Using the Data

Social Impact of Dataset

More Information Needed

Discussion of Biases

More Information Needed

Other Known Limitations

More Information Needed

Additional Information

Dataset Curators

More Information Needed

Licensing Information

More Information Needed

Citation Information

@article{lewis2019mlqa,
  title = {MLQA: Evaluating Cross-lingual Extractive Question Answering},
  author = {Lewis, Patrick and Oguz, Barlas and Rinott, Ruty and Riedel, Sebastian and Schwenk, Holger},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1910.07475},
  year = 2019,
  eid = {arXiv: 1910.07475}
}

Contributions

Thanks to @patrickvonplaten, @M-Salti, @lewtun, @thomwolf, @mariamabarham, @lhoestq for adding this dataset.