<filename>abc_2020.bib<gh_stars>0

@article{aley2019,
  title = {A Survey of Environmental and Pest Management Attitudes on Inhabited {{Hauraki Gulf}} Islands},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2019},
  pages = {51},
  abstract = {The progression of pest eradication to inhabited islands is now possible due to the knowledge gained from successful eradications on uninhabited islands. However, the success of this is likely to be influenced by the attitudes of landowners. The consistency of island inhabitants' attitudes towards pest management, both within and among islands, is currently unknown. Therefore, we assessed the environmental and pest management attitudes of the communities of four inhabited islands in the Hauraki Gulf of New Zealand (Rakino Island, Kawau Island, Great Barrier Island (Aotea Island) and Waiheke Island) and compared the results with an adjacent mainland community to better understand this social influence. The results suggested that respondents from all four island communities had more overarching support for pest management and conservation in general than those from the mainland, reflecting greater levels of environmental concern. While it might be expected that strong positive environmental attitudes would translate into strong positive pest management attitudes, this was not always the case, with greater levels of uncertainty being associated with attitudes towards pest management. In particular, values associated with the environment and place attachment were related to environmental attitudes but were unrelated to pest management attitudes. The results do suggest, however, that pest eradication may have had long-term positive effects on the attitudes of inhabited island communities, with the residents of the only island from which rats have been eradicated (Rakino) having consistently more positive attitudes towards pest control. The findings of this study will help identify areas for future engagement and ways in which barriers to achieving pest eradication can be overcome.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\29ZCEGCF\\Aley and Russell - A survey of environmental and pest management atti.pdf}
}

@article{allen2010,
  title = {Archaeological Avifauna of {{Harataonga}}, {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}: Implications for Avian Palaeontology, {{Maori}} Prehistory, and Archaeofaunal Recovery Techniques},
  shorttitle = {Archaeological Avifauna of {{Harataonga}}, {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {Allen, <NAME>. and Holdaway, <NAME>.},
  year = {2010},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand},
  volume = {40},
  number = {1},
  pages = {11--25},
  publisher = {{Taylor \& Francis}},
  issn = {0303-6758},
  doi = {10.1080/03036751003641719},
  abstract = {A recent analysis of archaeological bird remains from Harataonga Bay, Great Barrier Island is reported and compared with a prior study conducted in the 1960s. The assemblages come from two Maori occupations, one dating to ca. fourteenth century AD and the other to late prehistory. The new study identifies several previously unreported species for Harataonga, and the first record of prehistoric Maori use of Black Petrel or Taiko (Procellaria parkinsoni), and possibly Pycroft's Petrel (Pterodroma pycrofti). The assemblages are dominated by seabirds, a common pattern for the South Island but unusual for more northern areas, where forest birds are typically better represented. The limited forest birds are concentrated in the early occupation. Combining the two studies broadens our understanding of past species distributions on Great Barrier Island, and Maori use of these resources over time. Analytically, comparison of the two studies, one conducted some time ago, demonstrates the impact of fine-mesh sieves and in-lab processing on the observed assemblage size, composition, and diversity.},
  keywords = {archaeology,avifauna,Great Barrier Island,Maori prehistory,palaeontology,Procellariidae,sampling strategies,screen size},
  annotation = {\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/03036751003641719},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\QJBBCM7N\\Allen and Holdaway - 2010 - Archaeological avifauna of Harataonga, Great Barri.pdf;C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\6WBW4CN2\\03036751003641719.html}
}

@article{anderson2003,
  title = {The Bird Community of {{Kaitoke}} Wetland, {{Great Barrier Island}}},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2003},
  journal = {Notornis},
  volume = {50},
  number = {4},
  pages = {201--209},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\V75JZMAP\\bird-community-kaitoke-wetland-great-barrier-island.html}
}

@book{armitage2004,
  title = {Great {{Barrier Island}}},
  editor = {<NAME>},
  year = {2004},
  edition = {Rev. ed},
  publisher = {{Canterbury University Press}},
  address = {{Christchurch, N.Z}},
  isbn = {978-1-877257-00-1},
  lccn = {QH197.5 .G74 2004},
  keywords = {Great Barrier Island (N.Z.),Natural history,New Zealand Great Barrier Island},
  annotation = {OCLC: ocm57344949}
}

@book{barrie2015a,
  title = {Field {{Guide}} to the {{Birds}} of {{New Zealand}} (2015 {{Edition}}), The},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2015},
  publisher = {{Penguin Group (NZ)}},
  address = {{Auckland}},
  abstract = {The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand is the modern classic of the genre - the tried and trusted reference for lovers of New Zealand birds. Comprehensive, reliable and easy to use, this fourth revised edition features: *374 species, including 11 new additions - the book's biggest revision since first publication *85 stunning colour paintings of New Zealand birds, including rare and recently extinct species * an introduction to key bird-watching sites * distribution maps and an in-depth guide to field identification * an additional handbook section that includes information on the distribution, habitat, population, conservation, breeding, behaviour and feeding habits of each species The only field guide to New Zealand birds officially endorsed by the Ornithological Society of New Zealand, this is the most authoritative reference available - a wonderful celebration of our extraordinary and diverse birdlife.},
  isbn = {978-0-14-357092-9},
  language = {English},
  annotation = {OCLC: 903489753}
}

@article{clout1989,
  title = {The Importance of Birds as Browsers, Pollinators and Seed Dispersers in New Zealand Forests},
  author = {Clout, <NAME> and Hay, <NAME>},
  year = {1989},
  journal = {New zealand journal of ecology},
  volume = {12},
  pages = {7},
  abstract = {New Zealand's forest plants evolved in the absence of mammalian herbivores, but subject to the attentions of a variety of other animals. Insects are and probably were, the primary folivores, but birds may also have been important. Several extinct birds, notably moas (Dinornithidae), were herbivores, and speculation continues about their impact on the vegetation. Among existing forest birds, both kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) and kokako (Callaeas cinerea) can significantly defoliate plants and may have had a greater impact in the past. Beneficial interactions of birds with forest plants include pollination and seed dispersal. Flower visitation by birds has already been reviewed, but the importance of frugivory and seed dispersal by birds has hitherto been given scant regard in New Zealand. About 70\% of the woody plants in New Zealand forests have fruits suited for vertebrate dispersal and, of these, most are probably dispersed by birds. The recent extinction of several frugivorous forest birds (e.g., moas, piopio Turnagra capensis, huia Heterolocha acutirostris) and the decline of others (e.g., kokako) has reduced the number of potential seed dispersers, especially for large-fruited species, some of which now depend almost entirely on kereru for seed dispersal. A similar recent loss of potential seed dispersers has occurred throughout Polynesia, but consequent effects on patterns of forest regeneration are unknown.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\CWXUTY93\\Clout and Hay - 1989 - THE IMPORTANCE OF BIRDS AS BROWSERS, POLLINATORS A.pdf}
}

@article{clout2006,
  title = {The Eradication of Mammals from {{New Zealand}} Islands},
  author = {Clout, <NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2006},
  pages = {15},
  abstract = {Data on eradication operations against alien mammals on New Zealand islands show that there was a substantial increase in the number of successful eradications in the 1980s and 1990s. The most significant change has been in the ability to eradicate rodents from increasingly large islands (to over 11,000ha), using aerial poisoning techniques. Based on the New Zealand experience, there are good prospects for further eradications of alien mammals from islands around the world, facilitating ecological restoration and the recovery of threatened species. However, instances of reinvasion of rats (Rattus spp.) and stoats (Mustela erminea) onto previously cleared islands illustrate the importance of prevention, effective monitoring and a fuller understanding of invasion risks.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\LFVX4Q7A\\Clout and Russell - The eradication of mammals from New Zealand island.pdf}
}

@book{clout2006a,
  title = {Assessment and Control of Biological Invasion Risks},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME>, <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME>},
  year = {2006},
  publisher = {{IUCN}},
  abstract = {Biological invasion, an issue of growing importance due to the significant increase in international transportation and trade, can disturb the balance of local ecosystems and even destroy them. This collection of papers presented at the International Conference on Assessment and Control of Biological Invasion Risks held in August 2004 at Yokohama National University discusses risk assessment, risk management and eradication. It also includes contributions reporting on the current status of invasion and the properties of alien species in East Asia.},
  isbn = {978-4-87974-604-7},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\A5XB4DR2\\9028.html}
}

@article{collen2014,
  title = {Best Practice Techniques for the Translocation of Red-Crowned Parakeet (K\=ak\=ariki, {{Cyanoramphus}} Novaezelandiae Novaezelandiae) and Yellow-Crowned Parakeet (K\=ak\=ariki, {{Cyanoramphus}} Auriceps)},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2014},
  pages = {41},
  abstract = {This document details best practice techniques for the translocation of red-crowned parakeet (k\=ak\=ariki, Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae novaezelandiae) and yellow-crowned parakeet (k\=ak\=ariki, Cyanoramphus auriceps). It contains methods used in the translocation process, from selecting the most appropriate population and time of year for translocation, and capturing, housing and transporting birds, through to post-release monitoring. It is intended that this information will help to increase the success of future translocations of parakeets.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\WGX43KTW\\Collen - Best practice techniques for the translocation of .pdf}
}

@article{dilks,
  title = {Population Status, Breeding and Ecology of {{Chatham Island}} Tui},
  author = {<NAME>},
  pages = {10},
  abstract = {Status, breeding, and foraging of Chatham Island tui (Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae chathamensis) were studied on Rangatira Island, Chatham Islands between January 1995 and May 1999, with short visits made to adjacent Pitt Island throughout this period. The total population was estimated at {$\approx$}260 adults. Most birds were resident on Rangatira Island in spring, summer and autumn but moved to Pitt Island during the winter. In spring birds commuted between the two islands but became resident on Rangatira when breeding commenced. Radio transmitters were attached to adult tui to monitor breeding. No radio-tagged female bred (n = 13) but at least two of three radio-tagged males raised young. Adult tui were intolerant of disturbance during nesting so estimation of productivity was made by mapping the number of fledgling groups. Flax (Phormium tenax) nectar appeared to be the most important food for breeding tui and birds travelled long distances to visit flowering plants. Fruits of ngaio (Myoporum laetum), matipo (Myrsine chathamica), karamu (Coprosma chathamica), mahoe (Melicytus chathamicus) and muehlenbeckia (Muehlenbeckia australis) were also important foods. Invertebrates were most important when females were feeding their young. The amount of breeding that occurred each season was directly related to the abundance of flax flowers in spring, and in good flax flowering years tui were able to rear two broods. In poor flax flowering years many birds did not breed. Control of feral cats on Pitt Island would most likely result in a significant increase in this breeding population; however planting of flax adjacent to the forest areas on Chatham Island along with predator control may be necessary before tui can re-establish there.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\D88SCBDM\\Dilks - Population status, breeding and ecology of Chatham.pdf}
}

@article{faith1987,
  title = {Compositional Dissimilarity as a Robust Measure of Ecological Distance},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME>. and <NAME>},
  year = {1987},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Vegetatio},
  volume = {69},
  number = {1},
  pages = {57--68},
  issn = {1573-5052},
  doi = {10.1007/BF00038687},
  abstract = {The robustness of quantitative measures of compositional dissimilarity between sites was evaluated using extensive computer simulations of species' abundance patterns over one and two dimensional configurations of sample sites in ecological space. Robustness was equated with the strength over a range of models, of the linear and monotonic (rank-order) relationship between the compositional dissimilarities and the corresponding Euclidean distances between sites measured in the ecological space. The range of models reflected different assumptions about species' response curve shape, sampling pattern of sites, noise level of the data, species' interactions, trends in total site abundance, and beta diversity of gradients.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\KSTCPIPH\\Faith et al. - 1987 - Compositional dissimilarity as a robust measure of.pdf}
}

@article{harper,
  title = {{{COLIN M}}. {{MISKELLY Wellington Conservancy}}, {{Department}} of {{Conservation}}, {{P}}.{{O}}. {{Box}} 5086, {{Wellington}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME> Taylor, <NAME> Tennyson, <NAME>, Lincoln},
  pages = {30},
  abstract = {Birds recorded on the Kermadec Islands, south-west Pacific, between 1967 and 1998 are summarised. Population estimates and distributions are given for the 24 breeding species. Brown noddy (Anous stolidus) is recorded breeding there for the first time. Information on breeding chronology for most breeding species is presented. Sightings of 53 non-breeding and vagrant species are summarised; 24 of these were new records since the last comprehensive review was published in 1970. The total bird list for the Kermadec Islands is now 80 species, including records of giant petrels (Macronectes), frigatebirds (Fregata) and oystercatchers (Haematopus) not identified to species. A further 16 species are included in a suspense list. The Kermadec Islands have only seven indigenous land birds, but retain a diverse seabird fauna, very similar to those of Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands. The land birds and seabirds of the largest island (Raoul) have been decimated by introduced cats (Felis catus) and rats (Rattus exulans, R. norvegicus). Introduced goats (Capra hircus) (since eradicated) drastically modified the vegetation of Raoul and Macauley Islands, and this also affected some bird species. Recommendations for restoration of the avifauna of these two islands are given.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\5U5GQS5R\\Harper et al. - COLIN M. MISKELLY Wellington Conservancy, Departme.pdf}
}

@article{hartley2012,
  title = {Five-Minute Bird Counts in {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {36},
  number = {3},
  pages = {1--11},
  abstract = {The five-minute bird count (5MBC) method was developed in New Zealand in the early 1970s by the DSIR for monitoring forest birds. The method has been undertaken consistently for nearly 40 years leading to a large resource of counts (over 200 000). These counts are valuable as they often provide our only historical baseline measure of multi-species bird populations in New Zealand forests. Over 120 000 counts are held in the 5MBC database. The method was used between 1973 and 1992 by the DSIR, NZ Wildlife Service and NZ Forest Service to investigate important ecological questions such as which forests are important for which bird species, and whether pest control operations affect bird populations. The method played a role in persuading the government to cease all logging of native forests on public land in New Zealand in 2002. Reviewing 5MBC studies suggests a number of features of the method that should be considered when designing a study including that (1) it is an index not a census method, (2) observer, species behaviour, weather and season can all affect the number of birds detected, (3) counts are habitat- species- and probably year- specific preventing inter-species comparisons, and comparisons of species numbers at different sites if the counts were undertaken in different years. The method is suitable for investigating long term trends but there is likely to be considerable annual variability and a pilot study should be undertaken to investigate the number of counts needed to detect the difference of interest (i.e. power). The Department of Conservation website includes pages that provide resources for counters including standard data recording sheets. At present counters cannot enter their data into the 5MBC database and there is a risk that data from counts will continue to be lost.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\U26E97SZ\\Hartley - 2012 - Five-minute bird counts in New Zealand.pdf}
}

@article{hill2013,
  title = {A Comparison of Vocalisations between Mainland Tui ({{Prosthemadera}} Novaeseelandiae Novaeseelandiae) and {{Chatham Island}} Tui ({{P}}. n. Chathamensis)},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME> Parker, <NAME> and Amiot, <NAME> Wells, <NAME>},
  year = {2013},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {37},
  number = {2},
  pages = {1--10},
  abstract = {Vocalisations are important for territorial defence, mate attraction, and species recognition in many songbirds. Comparative studies on the songs of birds between islands and mainland populations provide insight into the evolution of vocal communication in terms of both ecological and social factors. We compared the vocalisations of tui (Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae), an endemic honeyeater from New Zealand's mainland, with those of a subspecies from the remote Chatham Islands (P. n. chathamensis). Song spectral variables of male long-range `broadcasting' songs differed between mainland and Chatham Island tui populations. Songs recorded from five mainland populations had significantly greater syllable diversity and produced a higher percentage of trills than those from the Chatham Islands. These characteristics have been revealed in past studies as being sexually selected traits positively correlated with male genetic diversity. The acoustic adaptation hypothesis could also help to elucidate the presence of a significantly higher percentage of trill components in the songs of the mainland population, as the mainland study sites in general contained more areas of open vegetation, where trills transmit more effectively than in dense forest, which dominated the sampling sites on the Chatham Islands. Future research into the variation of tui song complexity in relation to population size, geographic isolation, and habitat structure between different mainland sites would provide further insight into links between selective pressures and vocal complexity.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\KVKIVMD6\\Hill et al. - 2013 - A comparison of vocalisations between mainland tui.pdf}
}

@article{hill2013a,
  title = {Microgeographic Variation in Song Phrases of Tui ({{Prosthemadera}} Novaeseelandiae)},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2013},
  month = jul,
  pages = {1--3},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\9T7IMKIB\\Hill and Ji - Microgeographic variation in song phrases of tui (.pdf}
}

@article{imber1987,
  title = {Breeding Ecology and Conservation of the {{Black Petrel}} ( {{Procellaria}} Parkinsoni )},
  author = {Imber},
  year = {1987},
  journal = {Notornis},
  volume = {34},
  number = {1},
  pages = {19--39}
}

@article{imber2003,
  title = {Post-Fledging Migration, Age of First Return and Recruitment, and Results of Inter-Colony Translocation of Black Petrels ( {{Procellaria}} Parkinsoni )},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2003},
  journal = {Notornis},
  volume = {50},
  number = {4},
  pages = {183--190},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\9R7E799E\\post-fledging-migration-age-first-return-and-recruitment-and-results-inter-colony-translocation.html}
}

@article{innes2010,
  title = {Predation and Other Factors Currently Limiting {{New Zealand}} Forest Birds},
  author = {<NAME> <NAME> Overton, <NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2010},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {34},
  number = {1},
  pages = {29},
  abstract = {Holdaway (1989) described three phases of historical extinctions and declines in New Zealand avifauna, the last of which (Group III, declining 1780\textendash 1986) was associated with European hunting, habitat clearance, and predation and competition from introduced European mammals. Some forest bird species have continued to decline since 1986, while others have increased, usually after intensive species-specific research and management programmes. In this paper, we review what is known about major causes of current declines or population limitation, including predation, competition for food or another resource, disease, forest loss, and genetic problems such as inbreeding depression and reduced genetic variation. Much experimental and circumstantial evidence suggests or demonstrates that predation by introduced mammals remains the primary cause of declines and limitation in remaining large native forest tracts. Predation alone is generally sufficient to explain the observed declines, but complex interactions between factors that vary between species and sites are likely to be the norm and are difficult to study. Currently, the rather limited evidence for food shortage is mostly circumstantial and may be obscured by interactions with predation. Climate and food supply determine the number of breeding attempts made by herbivorous species, but predation by introduced mammals ultimately determines the outcome of those attempts. After removal of pest mammals, populations are apparently limited by other factors, including habitat area, food supply, disease or avian predators. Management of these, and of inbreeding depression in bottlenecked populations, is likely to assist the effectiveness and resilience of management programmes. At the local or regional scale, however, forest area itself may be limiting in deforested parts of New Zealand. Without predator management, the number of native forest birds on the New Zealand mainland is predicted to continue to decline.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\YTCWVJCZ\\Innes et al. - 2010 - Predation and other factors currently limiting New.pdf}
}

@article{kelly2010,
  title = {Mutualisms with the Wreckage of an Avifauna: The Status of Bird Pollination and Fruit- Dispersal in {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME> Ladley, <NAME> Robertson, <NAME> and Anderson, <NAME> and Wotton, <NAME> and Wiser, <NAME>},
  year = {2010},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {34},
  number = {1},
  pages = {20},
  abstract = {Worldwide declines in bird numbers have recently renewed interest in how well bird\textendash plant mutualisms are functioning. In New Zealand, it has been argued that bird pollination was relatively unimportant and birdpollination failure was unlikely to threaten any New Zealand plants, whereas dispersal mutualisms were widespread and in some cases potentially at risk because of reliance on a single large frugivore, the kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae). Work since 1989, however, has changed that assessment. Smaller individual fruits of most plant species can be dispersed by mid-sized birds such as tui (Prosthemadera novaezelandiae) because both fruits and birds vary in size within a species. Only one species (Beilschmiedia tarairi) has no individual fruits small enough for this to occur. Germination of 19 fleshy-fruited species, including most species with fruits {$>$}8 mm diameter, does not depend on birds removing the fruit pulp. The few studies of fruit removal rates mostly (7 out of 10) show good dispersal quantity. So dispersal is less at risk than once thought. In contrast, there is now evidence for widespread pollen limitation in species with ornithophilous flowers. Tests on 10 of the 29 known native ornithophilous-flowered species found that in 8 cases seed production was reduced by at least one-third, and the pollen limitation indices overall were significantly higher than the global average. Birds also frequently visit flowers of many other smaller-flowered native species, and excluding birds significantly reduced seed set in the three species tested. So pollination is more at risk than once thought. Finally, analyses of both species numbers and total woody basal area show that dependence on bird pollination is unexpectedly high. Birds have been recorded visiting the flowers of 85 native species, representing 5\% of the total seed-plant flora (compared with 12\% of those with fleshy fruit) and 30\% of the tree flora (compared with 59\% with fleshy fruit). A higher percentage of New Zealand forest basal area has bird-visited flowers (37\% of basal area nationally) than fleshy fruit (31\%). Thus, bird pollination is more important in New Zealand than was realised, partly because birds visit many flowers that do not have classic ``ornithophilous'' flower morphology.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\VPY7UKN9\\Kelly et al. - 2010 - Mutualisms with the wreckage of an avifauna the s.pdf}
}

@article{knafler2016,
  title = {Comparison of Beak and Feather Disease Virus Prevalence and Immunity-Associated Genetic Diversity over Time in an Island Population of Red-Crowned Parakeets},
  author = {Knafler, <NAME>. and {Ortiz-Catedral}, Luis and <NAME> Varsani, <NAME> Grueber, <NAME>. and Robertson, <NAME>. and Jamieson, <NAME>.},
  year = {2016},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Archives of Virology},
  volume = {161},
  number = {4},
  pages = {811--820},
  issn = {0304-8608, 1432-8798},
  doi = {10.1007/s00705-015-2717-3},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\MPLPIDME\\Knafler et al. - 2016 - Comparison of beak and feather disease virus preva.pdf}
}

@article{macleod2012,
  title = {Monitoring Widespread and Common Bird Species on {{New Zealand}}'s Conservation Lands: A Pilot Study},
  author = {MacLeod, <NAME> and Greene, <NAME> and MacKenzie, <NAME> and Allen, <NAME>},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {36},
  number = {3},
  pages = {12},
  abstract = {Robust monitoring systems are required to improve the ecological outcomes of management actions aimed at preventing biodiversity loss. We present a pilot study that measured assemblages of widespread and common bird species at the national scale in New Zealand. Bird surveys were undertaken at 18 sampling locations (six per land cover class: forest, shrubland and non-woody) randomly selected from a national grid. The full sampling protocol (five count stations surveyed on each of two consecutive days) was implemented at 80\% of sampling locations. Each survey consisted of a ten-minute bird count, with distance sampling carried out in the initial 5-min period and any new species recorded in the second 5-min period. Most observations were based on aural cues (particularly in forest and shrubland). On average, one additional species was recorded per sampling location in ten- versus five-minute counts. Analyses highlighted spatial heterogeneity as a major factor influencing detection probabilities both for species present and for individuals of those species at sampling locations. This issue is often overlooked when estimating bird population trends through time. Most endemic species were detected in forest, while native and introduced species were most frequently detected in shrub. Potential uses of the information collected, along with recommendations for improving the sampling protocols, are highlighted.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\XKA47FE3\\MacLeod et al. - 2012 - Monitoring widespread and common bird species on N.pdf}
}

@article{mcewen1978,
  title = {The Food of the New Zealand Pigeon},
  author = {McEwen, <NAME>},
  year = {1978},
  pages = {10},
  abstract = {New Zealand pigeons (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae novaeseelandiae) are the main dispersers of large-seeded fruit in indigenous forest. They eat a wide range of plant material including leaves, shoots, buds and flowers as well as fruits. Food items found in the alimentary tracts of 177 pigeons and information from published and unpublished observations showed that 104 plant taxa contributed to the diet. Of these, 78 were indigenous and 26 were exotic species. Feeding on nine of the species found in the dissections had not been recorded elsewhere. Fruits or seeds of 14 species, and material other than fruit of 19 species. were found in the dissections. The list of observations includes 56 species from which fruit is eaten and 43 from which other material is taken.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\RQB9ZZNK\\McEWEN - THE FOOD OF THE NEW ZEALAND PIGEON.pdf}
}

@article{moorhouse2003,
  title = {Control of Introduced Mammalian Predators Improves Kaka {{Nestor}} Meridionalis Breeding Success: Reversing the Decline of a Threatened {{New Zealand}} Parrot},
  shorttitle = {Control of Introduced Mammalian Predators Improves Kaka {{Nestor}} Meridionalis Breeding Success},
  author = {<NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2003},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Biological Conservation},
  volume = {110},
  number = {1},
  pages = {33--44},
  issn = {0006-3207},
  doi = {10.1016/S0006-3207(02)00173-8},
  abstract = {The kaka (Nestor meridionalis) is a threatened, endemic New Zealand parrot that is declining primarily because of predation by introduced mammals. Numbers of female kaka surviving to sexual maturity more than compensated for adult female mortality at three sites with predator control but not at three unmanaged sites. Nesting success at the sites with predator control was significantly greater ({$\geqslant$}80\%) than at unmanaged sites ({$\leqslant$}38\%) while predation on adult females was significantly less (5\% c.f. 65\%). Predation was the most common cause of nesting failure at all sites. Stoats (Mustela erminea) appeared to be the main predator, although evidence of possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) predation on eggs, nestlings and nesting females was also found. These results suggest that control of stoats and possums can potentially reverse the decline of the kaka on the main islands of New Zealand.},
  language = {en},
  keywords = {Brush-tail possums,Conservation,Mustelids,Poison-bait stations,Psittaciformes,Rats,Trapping},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\RIUR8646\\Moorhouse et al. - 2003 - Control of introduced mammalian predators improves.pdf;C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\B5LQAJG5\\S0006320702001738.html}
}

@article{ogden2006,
  title = {Sequential Impacts of {{Polynesian}} and {{European}} Settlement on Vegetation and Environmental Processes Recorded in Sediments at {{Whangapoua Estuary}}, {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME>. and <NAME>. and <NAME>. and <NAME>.},
  year = {2006},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Regional Environmental Change},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {25--40},
  issn = {1436-378X},
  doi = {10.1007/s10113-005-0006-5},
  abstract = {Whangapoua Estuary, Great Barrier Island, New Zealand, is central to a proposed Marine Reserve, and is currently managed for conservation by the Department of Conservation. This paper describes the sequential impacts of Maori and European people on the process of estuarine vegetation succession in time and space, and the rate of estuarine sedimentation. Multiple cores from one estuary gave confidence in assessing the temporal sequence of vegetation change, but bioturbation and other disturbance factors made it difficult to interpret 14C dates from the estuarine environment. The modern vegetation zonation pattern on the estuary is an active succession, which has been generated by rapid estuary in-filling, probably initiated as a consequence of erosion following Maori burning of the adjacent forest. European forest clearance for agriculture resulted in a further increase in estuarine sedimentation, and may have re-activated earlier sediments trapped in adjacent swamps. The combined effects of two phases of human exploitation have resulted in large-scale loss of nutrients and top-soil from catchments throughout Great Barrier Island. Conservation management of the estuary should take account of the anthropogenic impacts that have driven the plant succession and created the current vegetation zonation pattern. This pattern is neither static nor `natural', but rather an on-going response to the changing human activities in the surrounding catchment.},
  language = {en}
}

@article{ogden2009,
  title = {Prospects for the Eradication of Rats from a Large Inhabited Island: Community Based Ecosystem Studies on {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  shorttitle = {Prospects for the Eradication of Rats from a Large Inhabited Island},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2009},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Biological Invasions},
  volume = {11},
  number = {7},
  pages = {1705--1717},
  issn = {1573-1464},
  doi = {10.1007/s10530-008-9398-8},
  abstract = {Great Barrier Island (c. 27,400~ha) is the largest off-shore Island in New Zealand. Some of the most serious introduced mammalian pests of New Zealand are absent, but feral cats and rodents are present. Community based trusts are spear-heading ecological studies to support conservation and a pest eradication programme. Rodent numbers are greatest in late summer/autumn and lowest in winter/early spring. Maximum abundances were recorded in riparian and coastal vegetation, and in mature forest. Monitoring shows that trapping alone is not able to reduce rat numbers sufficiently for safety in avian re-introductions. A combination of trapping and strategically pulsed toxin baits, however, achieved low levels of rats. Ecosystem recovery is demonstrated by increases in key tree seedlings, large invertebrates and lizards in managed compared to unmanaged areas, and by the survivorship of translocated robins (Petroica longipes). The Great Barrier Island Charitable Trust is communicating these benefits, and associated risks, to the Island community, with a view to promoting pest eradication as a key component in an ecology-based economy, centred on eco-tourism.},
  language = {en}
}

@article{ogden2011,
  title = {Running the Gauntlet: Advocating Rat and Feral Cat Eradication on an Inhabited Island \textendash{} {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME>},
  year = {2011},
  pages = {5},
  abstract = {Great Barrier Island is one of the largest inhabited offshore islands in the New Zealand Group; it is scenically spectacular with large areas of regenerating forest, and rare species of plants, reptiles and birds. Many of New Zealand's worst introduced mammalian pests are absent from the island, but mice (Mus musculus), rats, (Rattus rattus and R. exulans), rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus), pigs (Sus scrofa) and feral cats (Felis catus) are present. The island has C. 800 permanent inhabitants, but numbers are swelled in summer by `off-island' house-owners and visitors, whose expenditure enhances the economy. Recognisable factions in the population have divergent views on the importance of biodiversity conservation and sustainability in the future economy of the island. Since 2003, the Great Barrier Island Charitable Trust (GBICT) has advocated the eradication of rats and cats from the island, with a strategy that aims to educate and involve the local community in related conservation and educational projects, while lifting the biodiversity profile of the island within administrative agencies. This paper outlines these methods and discusses some of the successes and set-backs encountered.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\85S5U6AI\\Ogden and Gilbert - Running the gauntlet advocating rat and feral cat.pdf}
}

@article{ogden2013,
  title = {Population Estimates and Conservation of the {{New Zealand}} Dotterel ({{Charadrius}} Obscurus) on {{Great Barrier Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2013},
  journal = {Notornis},
  volume = {60},
  number = {3},
  pages = {210--223},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\NVJ75AYV\\population-estimates-and-conservation-new-zealand-dotterel-charadrius-obscurus-great-barrier-is.html}
}

@article{oksanen2020,
  title = {Vegan: Ecological Diversity},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2020},
  pages = {1--12},
  abstract = {This document explains diversity related methods in vegan. The methods are briefly described, and the equations used them are given often in more detail than in their help pages. The methods discussed include common diversity indices and rarefaction, families of diversity indices, species abundance models, species accumulation models and beta diversity, extrapolated richness and probability of being a member of the species pool. The document is still incomplete and does not cover all diversity methods in vegan.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\M4RXP77U\\Oksanen - Vegan ecological diversity.pdf}
}

@article{ortiz-catedral2009,
  title = {Nesting Sites and Nesting Success of Reintroduced Red-crowned Parakeets ({{Cyanoramphus}} Novaezelandiae) on {{Tiritiri Matangi Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {Ortiz-Catedral, <NAME> Brunton, <NAME>.},
  year = {2009},
  month = jan,
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Zoology},
  volume = {36},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--10},
  publisher = {{Taylor \& Francis}},
  issn = {0301-4223},
  doi = {10.1080/03014220909510133},
  abstract = {We studied red-crowned parakeets (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae) reintroduced onto Tiritiri Matangi Island, New Zealand from 2004 to 2006, in order to provide baseline information regarding nesting sites and nesting success of this population. We found 48 nests both in natural nesting sites and in nest boxes, in all three major habitat types on the island. Clutch size declined as the breeding season progressed, but laying date did not affect nesting success. This means that a breeding pair could fledge at least one young even from a small clutch laid late in the breeding season. Overall nesting success was 60\%. Nesting success varied between breeding-seasons. Most of the 17 nesting attempts that failed did so during incubation. Red-crowned parakeets made use of a wide diversity of nesting sites and few sites were re-used, which suggests that suitable nest sites were not limiting. Overall, our results indicate that red-crowned parakeets are good candidates for reintroductions to areas lacking introduced predators, even during the early stages of revegetation.},
  keywords = {Cyanoramphus,kakariki,nest sites,nesting success,New Zealand,parakeets,reintroduction,Tiritiri Matangi,translocation},
  annotation = {\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014220909510133},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\CEDCL7TN\\Ortiz‐Catedral and Brunton - 2009 - Nesting sites and nesting success of reintroduced .pdf;C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\MV7YUN9T\\03014220909510133.html}
}

@article{ortiz-catedral2013,
  title = {Growth and Survival of Nestlings in a Population of Red-Crowned Parakeets ({{Cyanoramphus}} Novaezelandiae Free) of Introduced Mammalian Nest Predators on {{Tiritiri Matangi Island}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {{Ortiz-Catedral}, <NAME> Hauber, <NAME>. and Brunton, <NAME>.},
  year = {2013},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {37},
  number = {3},
  pages = {370--378},
  publisher = {{New Zealand Ecological Society}},
  issn = {0110-6465},
  abstract = {The negative effects of introduced nest predators on the breeding success of endemic New Zealand parrots are well documented, as is their role in the general decline of these species. In contrast, little is known about the intrinsic intra-brood dynamics responsible for modulating fledging success in parrots breeding at sites free of introduced nest predators. We studied red-crowned parakeets over two breeding seasons on <NAME>, an offshore island free of introduced mammalian predators. We analysed the patterns of hatching and survival, and sex-specific growth of nestlings in relation to clutch initiation date and natural levels of hatching asynchrony. We also explored the relationships of nestling sex and hatching rank on survival. Earlier laid clutches resulted in larger broods which in turn produced more nestlings in better body condition, independent of the sex of the nestlings. Similar to many other bird species with extensive hatching asynchrony, last hatched red-crowned parakeets suffered higher mortality than other hatch ranks. Primary sex ratios and sex ratios at hatching and fledging did not deviate significantly from parity. Our results indicate that in the absence of nest predation by exotic predators, the timing of clutch initiation and brood reduction due to starvation of last hatched nestlings are the most important determinants of nestling survival and growth in red-crowned parakeets. Consequently, from a conservation management perspective, close monitoring of target populations during the breeding season is recommended to estimate nestling survival and nest productivity when planning the timing of capture of wild birds for translocations or harvesting potential breeding stock for captive breeding programmes.}
}

@article{perry2010,
  title = {Vegetation Patterns and Trajectories in Disturbed Landscapes, {{Great Barrier Island}}, Northern {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {Perry, <NAME> and Ogden, <NAME>, <NAME> Davy, <NAME>},
  year = {2010},
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Ecology},
  volume = {34},
  number = {3},
  pages = {13},
  abstract = {Fire has been a major driver of forest loss in New Zealand. A conceptual model has been proposed in which positive feedbacks between vegetation, fire and soils can arrest regeneration of recurrently burned wet forest landscapes. We used vegetation data collected across three topographically similar landscapes \textendash{} Awana, Glenfern and Windy Hill \textendash{} on Great Barrier Island to (1) describe current vegetation composition and structure and predict future change in composition and (2) assess evidence for interactions between fire and soils slowing regeneration in these landscapes. Compositional data were analysed via classification and ordination, and we used transition matrix models to explore how vegetation composition may change in the future. The vegetation in the three landscapes spans repeatedly burned scrubland dominated by m\=anuka (Leptospermum scoparium) and exotic fire-dependent woody species such as Hakea sericea, to intact mature forest. Scrubland vegetation tends to be found on north-facing upper slopes and ridges \textendash{} drier sites where fire has been more frequent and rendered soil conditions (e.g. organic matter and moisture) poor for plant growth. There is a slow reinvasion of forest species into the Leptospermum and Kunzea scrubland from gullies and other remnant patches, with wind-dispersed species preceding fleshy-fruited bird-dispersed ones. In the absence of fire in the next few decades the landscapes will continue to move back towards forest. More fires, however, will further degrade these landscapes by removing remaining fertile topsoils from ridges and slopes and by favouring exotic species adapted to recruit from seed and/or resprout vegetatively after fire.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\XGE55D2Z\\Perry et al. - 2010 - Vegetation patterns and trajectories in disturbed .pdf}
}

@book{quinn2002,
  title = {Experimental Design and Data Analysis for Biologists},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME>.},
  year = {2002},
  publisher = {{Cambridge University Press}},
  address = {{Cambridge, UK ; New York}},
  isbn = {978-0-521-81128-6 978-0-521-00976-8},
  lccn = {QH323.5 .Q85 2002},
  keywords = {Biometry}
}

@manual{rcoreteam2021,
  type = {Manual},
  title = {R: {{A}} Language and Environment for Statistical Computing},
  author = {{R Core Team}},
  year = {2021},
  address = {{Vienna, Austria}},
  organization = {{R Foundation for Statistical Computing}}
}

@article{robertson2016,
  title = {Conservation Status of {{New Zealand}} Birds, 2016},
  author = {<NAME> <NAME>, <NAME> Elliott, <NAME>, <NAME> Miskelly, <NAME>, <NAME>, <NAME>, <NAME>},
  year = {2016},
  pages = {1--27},
  abstract = {The second complete audit of the conservation status of the 487 taxa of birds that have been recorded in New Zealand since first human contact (about 800 years ago) was carried out. Using the same ranking criteria, the assessments made in the audit were compared with those for the 473 taxa included in the first complete audit in 2012. Since then, 15 taxa have been added to the New Zealand list, six as a result of the acceptance of new distribution records, three as newly-described recently extinct species from the Chatham Islands, six as a result of taxonomic changes, and one species has been deleted from the New Zealand list. Of 77 threatened taxa classified in 2012, the status of 22 (29\%) taxa improved, mainly due to successful conservation management, while five (6\%) of them moved to a more threatened status. Eight other taxa, including three not assessed in 2012, were added to the threatened categories. Overall, 71\hspace{0.25em}taxa were assessed as being threatened with extinction, six fewer than in 2012, and 23 rather than 25 taxa are now classified as being Nationally Critical. A list of all 487 bird taxa and their conservation status in 2016 is presented.},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\RTDNX2SR\\Robertson et al. - Conservation status of New Zealand birds, 2016.pdf}
}

@techreport{russell2017,
  type = {{{SSRN Scholarly Paper}}},
  title = {Strategic {{Environmental Assessment}} for {{Invasive Species Management}} on {{Inhabited Islands}}},
  author = {<NAME> and <NAME>. (Nick)},
  year = {2017},
  month = aug,
  number = {ID 3022964},
  address = {{Rochester, NY}},
  institution = {{Social Science Research Network}},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.3022964},
  abstract = {Over the past decade the challenges of managing invasive species on inhabited islands have clearly become limiting factors to scaling-up the area of invasive species eradications. Step-change is required to unleash the conservation and restoration potential of biodiversity on inhabited islands around the globe, and avoid the pitfalls previous attempts to eradicate invasive species on inhabited islands have fallen into. Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) is a systematic decision support process, aiming to ensure that environmental and other sustainability aspects are considered effectively throughout policy, plan and programme making. Within the framework of SEAs, on target islands eradication planners could implement a number of tools including stakeholder engagement, social impact assessment and economic cost-benefit analysis alongside existing environmental impact assessment. Such a suite of assessments capture the immediate impacts of an eradication operation on a range of values, alongside predicted long-term changes in these tightly coupled socio-ecological systems. In this paper we outline what SEA is, and then contrast invasive species management attempts occurring outside an SEA framework on two similar but also contrasting UNESCO World Heritage islands; Lord Howe Island, Australia and Fernando de Noronha, Brazil. We then demonstrate how an SEA approach to invasive species management would assist planning in New Zealand to eradicate introduced mammalian predators from two large offshore islands in New Zealand; Aotea (Great Barrier Island) and Rakiura (Stewart Island). We conclude with future prospects for applying SEA to invasive species management on inhabited islands.},
  language = {en},
  keywords = {C.(Nick) Taylor,James Russell,SSRN,Strategic Environmental Assessment for Invasive Species Management on Inhabited Islands},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\AWZI24NN\\papers.html}
}

@misc{simmonds2018,
  title = {The K\=ak\=ariki of {{Okiwi}}},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2018},
  journal = {Aotea Great Barrier Environmental Trust},
  howpublished = {https://www.gbiet.org/en39-the-kkriki-of-okiwi},
  language = {en-US},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\B27IZ4YF\\en39-the-kkriki-of-okiwi.html}
}

@techreport{simmonds2020,
  title = {Aotea {{Bird Count Results}} of the {{December}} 2019 Survey},
  author = {<NAME>},
  year = {2020},
  month = jul
}

@article{stewart1985,
  title = {Movements, Status, Access to Nectar, and Spatial Organisation of the Tui},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME>.},
  year = {1985},
  month = oct,
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Zoology},
  volume = {12},
  number = {4},
  pages = {664--666},
  publisher = {{<NAME>}},
  issn = {0301-4223},
  doi = {10.1080/03014223.1985.10428315},
  abstract = {Movements of tui (Prosthetnadera novaeseelandiae) breeding on Tiritiri Matangi Island were followed and related to changes in nectar access. The island has limited nectar sources and birds must move to gain access to nectar year round. All tui leave the island, although the extent and timing of movement varies for different individuals. Tui return for breeding but again the timing of the return varies for individuals. Nectar sources were typically concentrated in both time and space, and access was related to individual asymmetries such as sex, residential status and age. These same asymmetries also relate to the timing of individuals movements, and where individuals nest relative to nectar sources. At concentrated food sources, access was determined by an absolute social hierarchy. Although tui defend exclusive feeding territories, breeding territories are not exclusive and access to nectar is determined by distance to nest site. Such variability in spatial organisation is related to a continuum concept of social organisation.},
  keywords = {breeding,diet,honeyeater,movements,Prosthemadera novaeseelandiae,resource access,social hierarchy,status,territoriality,tui},
  annotation = {\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.1985.10428315},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\I6IEIL85\\Stewart and Craig - 1985 - Movements, status, access to nectar, and spatial o.pdf;C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\ZTMYSBJI\\03014223.1985.html}
}

@book{townsend2008,
  title = {New {{Zealand Threat Classification System}} Manual},
  editor = {<NAME>. and New Zealand},
  year = {2008},
  publisher = {{Science \& Technical Publishing, Dept. of Conservation}},
  address = {{Wellington, N.Z}},
  isbn = {978-0-478-14363-8},
  language = {en},
  lccn = {QH77.N45 N474 2008},
  keywords = {Classification,Endangered plants,Endangered species,New Zealand,Rare animals,Rare plants},
  annotation = {OCLC: ocn191961521},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\NQH34WXR\\Townsend and New Zealand - 2008 - New Zealand Threat Classification System manual.pdf}
}

@misc{tumaitaonga2020,
  title = {Protecting {{Aotea Ecology}} | {{T\=u Mai Taonga}}},
  author = {{<NAME>}},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {Tu Mai Taonga},
  abstract = {A collaborative project initiated by the Aotea Conservation Park Advisory Committee (iwi representatives and members of the community), Department of Conservation and Auckland Council, with the support of the island's three sanctuaries. The key objective is to protect native species and ecosystems in the park.},
  howpublished = {https://www.tumaitaonga.nz},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\T4NYHUCZ\\www.tumaitaonga.nz.html}
}

@book{veitch2011,
  title = {Island Invasives : Eradication and Management : Proceedings of the {{International Conference}} on {{Island Invasives}}},
  shorttitle = {Island Invasives},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME> <NAME>.},
  year = {2011},
  publisher = {{IUCN}},
  abstract = {The papers and abstracts in this volume are the outcome of the conference on Island Invasives: Eradication and Management, held at Tamaki Campus, University of Auckland, New Zealand. This conference had "islands" and "eradication of invasive species" as the focus, with emphasis on the work done and results or learning achieved. The conference endeavoured to cover the full breadth of this work by breaking the subject down to: gaining political, community, financial and physical support; eradication techniques tested and used; the immediate results of eradication operations; the longer-term outcomes as seen in the biota of the island and among communities involved; and biosecurity measures for such islands from planning to implementation.},
  isbn = {978-2-8317-1291-8},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\LTUPNARU\\10038.html}
}

@book{veitch2019,
  title = {Island Invasives : Scaling up to Meet the Challenge},
  shorttitle = {Island Invasives},
  author = {<NAME>. and <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME>.},
  year = {2019},
  publisher = {{IUCN}},
  abstract = {The papers in this volume were, with a few exceptions, presented at the third Island Invasives\&nbsp;conference, held in Dundee, Scotland in July 2017.\&nbsp; The papers demonstrate up-scaling in several aspects of eradication operations \textendash{} not least in ambition, land area, operational size, global reach and of course financial cost. In the space of a few decades, the size of islands treated for invasive species has increased by five orders of magnitude \textendash{} from a few hectares to over 100,000 ha or 1,000 km2. Meanwhile, the diversity of species being tackled has increased, as has the range of countries now actively carrying out island restoration work. Inspired by pioneers from New Zealand and Australia, principally, today the movement has spread to islands in all oceans and off all continents. This expansion has been informed by, and has in turn produced, growing experience in all aspects of this field, from non-target impacts to ecological responses to factors affecting eradication success. A major aim of publishing these Proceedings is to inform people who are, or will in the future be, planning new projects to free islands of invasive species. Regardless of its location or the target species involved, each successive operation builds on the experience of those who have gone before, and the papers in this volume represent an invaluable wealth of such experience.},
  isbn = {978-2-8317-1962-7},
  language = {en},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\6WAHPATM\\48358.html}
}

@article{watts2016,
  title = {P\=ateke ({{Anas}} Chlorotis) Population Trends in Response to Predator Control on {{Great Barrier Island}} and {{Northland}}, {{New Zealand}}},
  author = {<NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME> <NAME>. and <NAME>. and <NAME>.},
  year = {2016},
  month = jul,
  journal = {New Zealand Journal of Zoology},
  volume = {43},
  number = {3},
  pages = {258--274},
  publisher = {{Taylor \& Francis}},
  issn = {0301-4223},
  doi = {10.1080/03014223.2016.1154078},
  abstract = {P\=ateke, brown teal (Anas chlorotis) were until recently restricted to two key strongholds in northern New Zealand: Great Barrier Island and eastern Northland. In 2000, we applied predator control at two sites within the strongholds. We analysed three decades of summer p\=ateke flock count data collected at `trapped' and `untrapped' locations to assess numerical p\=ateke response to predator control. Using piecewise regression, we found that Northland p\=ateke at trapped sites increased from 130 individuals before predator control, to 341 by 2015. Conversely, p\=ateke in untrapped areas in Northland remain low. Compared with the Northland trapped site, there was a slower rate of population increase in the predator treated site at Okiwi on Great Barrier Island; 286 individuals at trapped sites before predator control and 390 individuals in 2015. P\=ateke numbers at untrapped sites on Great Barrier Island also increased, from 214 to 316 individuals. Cause of death analyses confirm that predation is a significant factor at trapped sites in Northland (87\% of p\=ateke deaths) and Okiwi (56\% of deaths), with starvation accounting for an additional 16\% of identified causes of death at Okiwi. Access to sufficient food sources may be limiting at Okiwi, but overall the provision of predator control has benefitted p\=ateke populations.},
  keywords = {Anas chlorotis,brown teal,cause of death,flock counts,New Zealand,pāteke,predator control},
  annotation = {\_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2016.1154078},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\CR9CYUY3\\Watts et al. - 2016 - Pāteke (Anas chlorotis) population trends in respo.pdf;C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\UQ288TPT\\03014223.2016.html}
}

@article{wotton2012,
  title = {Do Larger Frugivores Move Seeds Further? {{Body}} Size, Seed Dispersal Distance, and a Case Study of a Large, Sedentary Pigeon},
  shorttitle = {Do Larger Frugivores Move Seeds Further?},
  author = {Wotton, <NAME>. and <NAME>},
  year = {2012},
  journal = {Journal of Biogeography},
  volume = {39},
  number = {11},
  pages = {1973--1983},
  issn = {1365-2699},
  doi = {10.1111/jbi.12000},
  abstract = {Aim World-wide declines in large-bodied frugivores may change seed deposition patterns dramatically if body mass influences seed dispersal-related traits, such as dispersal distance. We quantified movement patterns and seed dispersal distances by Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae (kereru), the fifth-largest surviving pigeon world-wide. We then reviewed how body mass affects seed dispersal distance among fruit-eating birds globally. Location Taranaki and Canterbury, New Zealand. Methods We radio-tracked 24 kereru, following each bird continuously for up to 8.5 h, for a total of 43 tracking-days during the peak fruiting season (February\textendash April). We estimated seed dispersal distances for three fleshy-fruited species using a mechanistic model based on kereru movements and seed retention times. We analysed global data for volant avian frugivores to determine the effect of body mass on time spent in fruiting trees, seed retention time, and dispersal distance. Results Kereru were highly sedentary, with an average of 32 {$\pm$} 39 (mean {$\pm$} SD) minutes and maximum of 315 minutes between flights. Kereru flew a mean of 77 {$\pm$} 159 m and maximum of 1457 m in a single flight. They dispersed 66\textendash 87\% of ingested seeds away from the parent plant. Mean seed dispersal distances for Beilschmiedia tawa, Vitex lucens and Pseudopanax arboreus were 95, 98 and 61 m, respectively, with all species dispersed up to 1469 m. For all three species, 79\textendash 88\% of seeds were dispersed {$<$} 100 m and {$<$} 1\% were dispersed {$>$} 1 km from the parent plant. Globally, both the mean time spent in fruiting trees and seed retention time increased with increasing frugivore body mass. However, retention time increased faster, and therefore the dispersal distance and percentage of seeds moved away from the parent increased with body mass. Main conclusions Despite sedentary behaviour, kereru disperse many seeds away from the parent plant due to their even longer gut passage time, a function of their large size. Large-bodied frugivores are disproportionately important as dispersers not only because they can swallow larger fruits, but also because they are more likely to deposit seeds away from the parent plant and at greater distances.},
  copyright = {\textcopyright{} 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd},
  language = {en},
  keywords = {Body mass,Columbidae,dispersal kernel,Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae,kereru,mechanistic model,New Zealand pigeon},
  annotation = {\_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/jbi.12000},
  file = {C\:\\Users\\qase352\\Zotero\\storage\\EBIQUFZL\\Wotton and Kelly - 2012 - Do larger frugivores move seeds further Body size.pdf}
}


