What exactly makes Jerusalem such a special place of importance for Mulims , Christians , and Jews alike ?
Jerusalem was established as a patriarchate because of the special significance acquired between the First and Fourth Ecumenical Councils ; the erection of magnificent Churches ; the conversion of a large proportion of the population of Roman and Byzantine Syria - Palestina to Christianity ; the coming together of pilgrims from around the world ; the importance of outstanding bishops , monks , and teachers of the Church of Jerusalem ; the struggles of the Brotherhood of the Holy Sepulchre on behalf of Orthodoxy ; and the support of various Emperors of Byzantium .