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Is there an utility to keep certain apps from closing ? (with or without root)
Any external clock alarm app I have tried on my Android 11 phone shuts down automatically at a certain period of time (some hours), so I cannot use it as an alarm clock.
I have tried to set those apps not battery optimized, of course, with no luck.
Can it be achieved with some utility ? I have tried "auto memory manager" but it crashes at startup, and it's too old. Maybe with Tasker ? how ?...
Some apps like termux or IRC for Android already implement it but e.g. Alarm clock for Heavy Sleepers shuts down, and I love this app because you can snooze it by turning upside down the phone, and also it can play radio streams...

I use AMDroid without any issue, but in regards to your question, does locking the app not work?

What phone model do you use? Some phone manufacturer are known for modifying Android that it performs extreme aggressive battery saving (means app killing). https://dontkillmyapp.com

@Arctiic Yes, in some models it works (MI MIX 2 with crDroid) bot not in others like the my oldie Samsung Galaxy A5 (2016, SM-A510f) that I use to wake up.... It seems that I have found a fix using an app (not in the Play store) called Memory Locker (requires root) !

There is an option by the magisk module, I mentioned it here, if there are any further questions I will be happy to help.


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Setting a date on startup
I'd like to know if there's any way I can change the date settings on startup without root access.
I'm using Urovo DT50 and Honeywell EDA71, both with Android 10.
The problem is, these devices (and there's a lot of them in my workplace) connect to WiFi through the use of certificates, which have a period of validity.
For some reason after a loss of power (changing the battery or just discharging it to 0%), the date in Android resets itself to 01.01.1970, resulting in the device being unable to connect to the network. I want to "automate" clicking through the settings and changing the date by hand. Or if there's a way to change the default date the device goes back to, that could also fix the issue.
As I mentioned, I don't have root access so I take into account that it might be unachievable, does  anyone has any ideas?

Maybe this app? https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.singlebyte.timechanger

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


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Recover userdata.bin file after bootloop issue - HONOR X8 (TFY-LX1)
So one week ago, my HONOR X8 (TFY-LX1) was entered into a bootloop issue, with everytime starting on safe mode. I searched a way to reset the device without losing data, but there is no simple way. It's for that I'm here to ask help at the community.
Indeed, I found the "EvoTool" by Evondt software within I have been able to extract data by fastboot read info tool. So I have on my pc 120GB of .bin files. Then I did a reset factory of the smartphone, and he was able to start normally.
But at this point, I'm struggling to restore userdata.bin (most important file for me) file that I saved before. Is-it just possible to import the file from my pc to the msartphone like a picture ? Someone has experienced this yet ?

As HONOR X8 contains 128GB flash memory the .bin files are most likely a partition dump. But I don't think you will be able to extract user data as those data is encrypted and backed by the hardware based security system. That means without loading the data correctly into that security system you don't get the keys necessary for decrypting the files. The largest file should be the user data partition. You may be able to mount it on a Linux system then you should see the encrypted filenames and file data (File Based Encryption).

There is a way to recover pictures by mounting on a linux device ?

As I said mounting shouldn't be the problem but the file names and their content will be encrypted. The encryption scheme is pretty complex: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/216155/2241

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Pin-Locked Samsung with no debugging mode enabled (need data recovery)
I do have two phones (both samsungs - first A40 (SM-A405FN to be precise) and the second - Galaxy S7 (SM-G930F)).
Both of those phones are PIN-locked by a PIN number I do not know. (The first one has 4-digit pin, the second one had 5-digit pin).
On both of those phones there is no debugging mode enabled. Both are not linked to samsung account (tho I know their google accounts credentials and I can log in to those if that matters).
And on both of those phones there is a data (photos mostly, but also some sentimental talks via SMS/WhatsApp).
I could skip recovering data from A40 (even tho recovering data from it would be neat), but I really need data from Galaxy S7.
I wondered if there is a way to access this data - once again, without debugging mode? Or is there any way I can enable debbuging mode (if it's enabled, I can easily do the remaining part).
I read about ADB and tried few things, but adb devices shows empty (unless in recovery mode I point "ADB Update", but even then I don't know how to proceed).

set a temporary screen lock pin from Find My Mobile or Find My Device (one of this should work). bruteforcing with microcontroller via usb-otg is another option which take a day for 4 digits but can take weeks for 5 digits

https://android.stackexchange.com/q/221710


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Create an exact image of the internal storage
My relative lost all her photos by clicking on "format data" on her Realme 7 recovery menu (the one popping up at startup when holding together the volume down and power button - found out after that the volume down button was broken and like kept hold down by itself).
I'd like to create an exact image of the internal storage to try to recover the possible because the phone is not rooted and I need to root it to enable the USB mass storage mode.
Is there any way to do this? Is the Realme 7 encrypted like other phones, so it's completely useless?

Welcome to the Q&A site Android Enthusiasts Stack Exchange. There's a canonical FAQ about How to recover a deleted file from /data partition? to help check if the data can be recovered or not; and if it is, how to recover them. Good luck.

Yes, userdata partition is encrypted and dump completely useless. Anyway, exact image can be created with MTKClient.


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Windows can access the phone's internal storage over USB, but not it's Micro sD card
My Samsung Galaxy A8+ (A730F), running Android Pie, had a faulty USB connector due to water damage and for a very long time, it wouldn't connect over USB. Nevertheless, everything else worked just fine.
Recently I had this piece replaced by a technician and it seems to be working alright, but I just noticed that on Windows, my 128GB micro SD card is shown next to my Internal Storage as empty and with a size of 128MB.
I can interact normally with the Internal Storage and when I put the micro SD card in a card adapter and plug it on my PC, everything works fine.
I'm using and original USB cable, my micro SD card is legitimate (confirmed it on SanDisk's website) and there aren't any other issues. Also, I have root access.
I tried clearing cache/data on Media Storage and External Storage, but had no luck.
I know that if nothing helps, I'll have to contact the technician, but I'd like to discard other possibilities first.
Any tips?
Thank you!

Try different ports on laptop /USB cables to see if that helps?

Did it, the problem is still there :/

Which file-system is used by the external micro-sd card? Have you performed a file-system check if the file-system itself has problems?

I happened to have another phone of the exact same model and another micro SD card for testing. Every combination of ports, cables and cards worked with the other phone, but did not with mine, so the problem is definitely on my phone!


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Unbricking Lenovo Tab M10 (X606F)
For the purpose of flashing custom ROM I flashed Lenovo Tab M10 FHD Plus (X606F) with Android 9 ROM. I used SP Flash Tool. Now the tablet won't power on. Pressing buttons does nothing. Can't invoke fastboot nor recovery mode.
Red LED indicating charging is the only thing the tablet is giving me now.
I've tried to restore the device using official Lenovo's Rescue Tool.
Process of restoring gets stuck on 40% and won't go on.
Hard reset (pressing and holding volume buttons + power button for few secs) isn't doing anything.
What else I can try ?
I've followed the steps outlined and I got
to the point where Windows doesn't recognize the tablet:

Okay what I'm gonna write require a lot of patience and common sense to achieve.
Plus You do this at your own risk
You require a windows machine to do all this
Assuming this is your device, download bypass tool on your computer first.
Now install Python 3 on it ( 3.9 or anything recent recommended)
( dont forget to add python to PATH while installing )
then pip install this module via CMD
pip install pyusb pyserial json5
Launch bypass tool named mtk_bypass_rev3.exe (turn off real time protection if it's getting detected as Virus)
Hold both volume buttons and connect your device to pc with a usb cable
proceed forward if output looks like this
Now follow this guide

Thank you for the steps. I've added edit to my question.


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Prompt "Use USB to ... (charge this device, ...)" keeps coming up
I'm trying to connect my Xperia X to my laptop and after hitting "Transfer files" connection is attempted but won't establish and defaults back to charging. Doesn't matter how many times I tap on "Transfer files". I'm using genuine USB cable from Sony so cable can't be the issue. Do I need any specific driver or something ?

Any help much appreciated.
Hardware IDS:

I don't know how Windows inside VMWare works, but Windows users usually need to install USB OEM driver first.

@AndrewT.  Yes, that's one of the things I've already done. I downloaded relevant driver for Xperia X and when I tried to use it Windows came back to me with "This device is already using the best driver". Obviously not, I'm thinking ...

as for all virtual machines you need usb passthrough

Of course,for connecting phone to Pc you need phone's drivers. I see that you made a Windows Virtual Machine and there are 2 ways to solve it:
1st Way: Installing Drivers Manually
For installing driver manually go to Device manager->Details->Hardware ID copy all ID and search on Google. After that you will see your phone's driver name. Search that driver name and install it.
2nd Way(Easiest way):Use driver updater software for Windows.
If you are not professional at Windows OS,then there special programs for you such as Advanced Driver Updater,IOBit Driver Booster(in app you will see "update drivers" option.) and etc. If these ways not works then go to this site and find your device. Then at the right you will see driver. Click on that link and download that driver and install.
I hope this steps will help you.

Internet search for the hw ids didn't yield satisfying results. I used Driver Booster by iObit which in many cases can be very useful tool. In this case it said I'm using latest driver. The driver updater that comes with Windows says that I'm already using the best driver. If that's so why can't I transfer any files from the phone through USB ?
Based on what you see in the screenshot, which device's driver needs to be updated ? The USB controller or Xperia X device itself ? I reckon I should be looking at USB controllers. I'm not sure which device to install the Sony's driver on.

I've added another screenshot.

Try to delete device drivers from Device Manager and reconnect your phone. @Mark

I'm starting to think that how VMware handles USB connections is here to blame. Because when I disconnected the phone from VMware and connected the phone to my Linux (host) the connection was established without an issue. What I'm gonna do is to make my laptop dual boot with W10 instead of using VMware. Will report back.

@Mark ,if you don't face with this problem on host machine then it means there is problem with VMware. You will not face with this problem after making Windows 10 as secondary OS.

Yes, in my particular case VMware was making the trouble. After I installed W10 on separate partition I had no problem connecting the phone. No pop ups either. VMware is great but not perfect if you need to work with USB devices.


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Formatted whole Flash
i perfomed a format whole flash on my leagoo kiicaa android device using SP flashtool, after that i flashed the firmware file on it and it was successful. but the phone would not power on or show any sign of life even after flashing again. please what can i do community?
the phone was getting stuck on the logo screen each time i powerit on so i decided to flash it, after the flashing process the problem still persisted so i did a format whole flash and then flashed the stock rom on it again hoping it would solve the problem but unfortunately the phone did not power on or charge after that although the system still detects it whenever i connect it.i used the download only option to format it, and i used MT6580.txt as the scatter file. my phone's model is LEAGOO KIICAA POWER....here is the link for the firmware i used http://www.mediafire.com/file/a3z3m9uh7djgdbs/Leagoo_Kiicaa_Power_MT6580_20170915_7.0.zip/file

good news: "Download Only" option does not format whole flash. preloader seems still working. important partitions for IMEI and calibration data are still valid. bad news: flashing ROM does not fix previous problem (must have other cause, maybe hardware related). it seems there are different models T591/T592 (not sure if ROM is different). i recommend to make full ROM dump and split into partitions with Wwr MTK for further examining. If scatter file looks good it should be possible to flash lk and boot to make fastboot working. in fastboot check bootloader unlock status and flash from fastboot

please how do i perform a ROM dump and the other things you recommended, i dont av a clue

https://android.stackexchange.com/q/220584

when i'm trying to do a readback of the emmc and i click on add, it adds a file and names it ROM 0 and i couldn't edit anything there, i was unable to set the region, length and start address as u explained in the above link. what could be wrong?

i av done that not working

thanks i got now

i am afraid your phone can not be fixed with a single Q&A. post link to your xda thread for further support

https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/223638/formatted-whole-flash

check out this xda thread there is ROM for different hardware (revision R2)


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app for typing with your PC keyboard
Is there a app or something for android that let's you type through your PC on your device? Pecking on your small android screen seems so painful, I'd really prefer if a hostspot or wifi connected  existed that let you type from your computer's keyboard.

You can use scrcpy on your PC. It can show you screen content as well as allows you to send your keystrokes back to Android. Works pretty well.

You can simulate entered text on-device via adb: adb input text "<text to be typed here>"

Take note that questions directly asking for app recommendations are off-topic. Instead, we prefer the asker to just state the underlying problem that they want to solve and not putting any restriction for apps-only, so we'd appreciate it if you could [edit] the question, add some details and/or remove the restriction. Otherwise, you might be interested in our sister site, Software Recommendations Stack Exchange instead.

I use a bluetooth keyboard but you can connect any USB keyboard to your phone or tablet with the correct adapter and no app is required.

I see. But, I would prefer software solution if possible


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Getting correct camera information about Android device
I was using the Droid Hardware Info app for Android and I checked the "camera" tab, and surprisingly for my Redmi Note 10 Pro, it only showed a 12MP. According to the specs, Redmi Note 10 Pro should have a 108MP camera.
Is this app giving me the wrong information or did the camera manufacturer put 12 instead of 108 or something? Could someone tell me what's happening?
EDIT: I am wondering if 108MP is the actual physical resolution of the camera?

I don't know your device but usually phones with such a sensor chip don't make 108 Mpixel pictures, that does not make sense. Instead they combine multiple pixels for decreasing image noise and they only use a certain region of the chip sensor. The hardware info apps only see the spec that Android exposes to the apps.

The device has an array of several cameras. Did the app show only one camera's specs?

@YisroelTech , it shows 2, which I believe should be for the front and the back, while the rear camera is a quad cam, should've shown 5

Try https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=ru.andr7e.deviceinfohw which seems (based on some screenshots) to have more detailed info.

@YisroelTech , this does show 108MP, but I wonder what's the difference between the two readings

Post (screenshot) the full results of both of them so we can try to compare. It's either they only read one of the 4 sensors, or (as @Robert mentioned, that it read the actual MP the result is in, since the 108 MP might be used to make the photo better but not all pixels are actually in the output.

Try to use this camera2 probe https://www.celsoazevedo.com/files/android/google-camera/dev-bsg/camera2test/


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How to change the primary Gboard language
I just set up a new phone and had to type something in Hebrew but hadn't yet actually set up the extra Hebrew keyboard. Instead, I ended up setting my Gboard default to Hebrew, and I cannot figure out how to change it to US again. I have added/readded the keyboards, don't even have Hebrew installed, but right now I still only see Hebrew as the supposed language of my keyboard. It's not.
How do I change this back without having to reset my phone and try again?
Edit: the issue isn't the languages I can add, as I can add any and all. The issue is that it always says Gboard Hebrew Israel even though I'm not using a Hebrew language at present (it shows regardless of whether there is a Hebrew keyboard added or not). It's simply that I want it to say US English again.
Edit2: I've uninstalled all Gboard updates repeatedly and reinstalled as well. No dice.

Have you tried "Add Keyboard" so that you get the Hebrew one back and then switch it back to "English (US)"?

Does this answer your question? How to enable multilingual typing in Google Keyboard (GBoard) app?

I tried that question first. That's actually why I considered posting to StackExchange and not the Google forums. It doesn't address the issue. Why would it show Hebrew if there isn't a Hebrew language even being used? That's the issue. There's no need to add a language when the Gboard display only shows Hebrew. There is nothing straightforward about this issue for me.


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Weird ftp issue during data recovery of Android phone! Can you solve it?
I am trying to recover lost data on a Note 3. It is rooted, so I did what I saw here:
http://datas-recovery.com/static/recover-samsung-lost-data.html
I did successfully connect to my phone and set up clonezilla, but I faced a weird problem with this line:
ftpput -v -u qwer -p pass -P 40 192.168.42.79 mmcblk0p27.raw /cache/myfifo

I did use my computer ip, 127.0.0.1 and localhost, but all failed.
this is the message with localhost and 127.0.0.1 :

ftpput: can't connect to remote host (127.0.0.1): Connection refused

and this is the message with my ip address:

ftpput: can't connect to remote host (192.168.1.50): Network is
unreachable

OK, for troubleshooting I had tried to get to my ftp server from Firefox in my computer and from another computer. Both connected to my ftp server successfully!
Note: my computer is Windows 10.

No localhost/127.0.0.1 is not the IP of your phone, that is the loopback network card which is only accessible on the device itself. Therefore if you try to connect to 127.0.0.1 on your Smartphone you try to connect not to your PC but to your smartphone (where of course no FTP server is running). Execute in cmd shell ipconfig /allto see all interfaces and their IP addresses. And make sure PC and smartphone are connected to the same network.

I know that, and as I mention, I did add the ip of my computer but I did get the message I mentioned above. (ftpput: can't connect to remote host (192.168.1.50): Network is unreachable)

Does this answer your question? How to recover a deleted file from /data partition?

@alecxs It is good, but I couldn't find data user path, could you help me with that ? please

mount | grep ' /data '

Thanks @alecxs.
I got this (/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata /data ext4 rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,noatime,discard,journal_checksum,journal_async_commit,noauto_da_alloc,data=ordered 0 0).
So after (adb shell) then (su) I had issued this (adb shell 'stty raw && dd if=/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata' > data.img) but got this error (tmp-mksh: can't create data.img: Read-only file system).
Also tried to issue it without (adb shell)&(su) then get a file with this inside (/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata: cannot open for read: Permission denied).

adb shell su -c "cat /dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata | gzip 2> /dev/null" > userdata.img.gz


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WhatsApp Built in Scanner Won't Work
I have spent 2 days reading everything on the web concerning this issue and trying all the solutions suggested, with no success.
The problem:
When I try to connect to to WhatsApp Web, the QR will show on the screen, but the phone will not read it. It seems its not even trying to read it, because I don't see the process line I used to see running up and down the scanner (though I have re-installed WhatsApp, so maybe the new version simply does not have that line, I don't know).
Relevant Information:
I am using Chrome, and my phone is a Samsung Galaxy S7 with Android 8.0.0.
I have been using Whatsapp Web successfully for nearly a year with the same laptop, same browser, same phone. Once in every 2-3 months I get disconnecte/logged out from the web version, so I set it up again (the usual way, reading the QR code and everything) without any problem, so its not like I am holding it wrong or something like that. I got disconnected again 2 days ago and cant set it up since.
The problem started after I made some changes to my Chrome Browser (removed many extensions and add-ons. and added others).
Here's what I checked/tried so far:

My internet connection is fine and the speed is normal for both phone and laptop.
The QR code and phone camera are fine - I had no problem reading the QR code with 3rd party scanners (not the one within whatsapp).
I cleared cookies and browsing data on Chrome. I ran Chrome in Incognito mode.
I installed Edge and Tried with that browser - It didn't work.
I rebooted both laptop and phone.
I un-installed and re-installed whatsapp on my phone .
I've checked whether there are any updates to my phone software. There are none. It is up to date.
I ran Avast on my PC, and than installed Restoro and ran it too - with no impact.
I made the QR code larger to 175% as some suggested (though I didnt expect it to work because like I said, I've done it many times before without having to enlarge the QR).
My phone screen is not too small, I see the "OK, got it" button. Like I said, using the same phone I used before without any problems.
I thought maybe there is a conflict between the 3rd party QR scanner (which I downloaded recently) and the one within whatsapp, so I un-installed the 3rd party = didnt help.
I turned off wifi on the phone to use the cellular network. turned it on again. switched plane mode on and off again - did not work.
(Added) Cleared the cache of the camera app - no impact.

I do not wish to use an Android emulator on my laptop, which I understand is a workaround.
I really love Whatsapp web, hate to type on the phone. I am just about to give up.
Anyone? Anything? i will be forever in your debt :)
Thanks,
Galia.

Seems like you really covered all the bases. Cant think of anything you didn't try yet. Just wanted to let you know that as you suspected, the line going up and down when looking for the qr code, is not there anymore, so it's not just by you

Really? That's interesting, tnx/

Found a decent workaround: I managed to scan the native app in Windows, installed from the link whatsapp.com/download. It's not a perfect solution, because I rather have it as a tab on my chrome, rather than a stand alone application, but it's close enough. I wish Whatsapp will come up with another authentication method, because it seems that many users are experiencing problems with the current approach.

If you use Firefox, you could try this add-on


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Phone doesn't boot to anything
I have my samsung galaxy a6+ (2018). I tried to install a GSI to my phone since it has a /vendor partition. First, I did OEM unlock in developer settings. It told me to reset the phone in order to do that. So I did press the reset button. As I was on stock rom, the phone turned off, and showed the blue-background android logo saying "Erasing...".
After its screen turned off again, I pressed the key combo to go to download mode. FRP and OEM UNLOCK was both off. And flashed twrp which I had compiled. The problem appeared then. After flashing, it rebooted, show the samsung logo with "Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing, Set Warranty Bit: recovery", and screen just turned off.
Even backlight was not on. I tried multiple times to enter download mode, by pressing the key combo, but no luck. It just shows same "Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing, Set Warranty Bit: recovery" and screen just turns off. But why? Did I do something wrong?

"Recovery is not SEANDROID enforcing" is a message from TWRP indicating selinux is in desired state. kernel must allow selinux permissive in order to grant TWRP root access (not enforced). "Set Warranty Bit: recovery" is a message from bootloader and indicates bootloader is unlocked + device has custom recovery. Both messages are just warnings and not the cause of your issue, nothing to worry about. don't trust service center (how can that warnings be displayed if mainboard wouldn't power on!?)

there is probably another reason. after OEM unlocking and factory reset it is mandatory to finish the initial setup, connect internet and confirm OEM unlock again. otherwise vaultkeeper will prevent from booting custom binaries. If that is the case, back to square one.

just realized you compiled TWRP yourself. reason could be the recovery flashed was incompatible with your device model and crashed. volume keys are recognized during aboot (which is loaded from SBL) to leave recovery mode wait a few days until battery died. make sure to press right keys when connecting charger. usb JIG dongle might also work. you should reach either SBL or EDL (one of this must come up from PBL)


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How to use Android sdk to flash android system images
Can I use android sdk to flash a system image to a device? If yes, how to do?
Device: Samsung galaxy note3
Model:SM-N9000
Can I install an Android generic system image?.

Your duplicate question: Can I install Android using Android studio on any supporting devices?

The Android SDK contains fastboot for flashing images. But Samsung devices are usually not flashable via fastboot.
Instead you need a software named Odin or for Linux an "Odin clone" named Heimdall exists that can AFAIR also flash firmware images on Samsung devices.
For flashing an "Android generic system image" the current firmware of a device has to be compliant to Googles "Project Treble". There are apps in the Google Play Store that claim to be able to check if a device is "Project Treble" compatible. But I don't have any experience how accurate those apps are.


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Does the native VPN client support IKEv1 as of Android 12?
Is there any official documentation on what IPSec key exchange types are
supported by the native Android 12 IPSec client (Racoon)? Specifically I’m
interested in whether IKEv1 still works.
I’m asking this because I’m thrown off by a paragraph on the OpenWRT wiki
which seems to indicate that as of v12, only IKEv2 modes are supported,
killing off ISAKMP which has worked until v11. After spending some time
searching for an official announcement or even just a feature list I came up
empty handed.
The screenshot on this Github issue: https://github.com/SoftEtherVPN/SoftEtherVPN/issues/1373
appears to confirm the removal of IKEv1 in v12.

This was mentioned in passing on the official Android Developer - IPsec/IKEv2 Library: "The module also enables deprecation and replacement of the racoon-based IKEv1 VPN library used as the default built-in VPN client in Android 10 and lower." (emphasis added), though looks like it's started to be enforced since Android 12 Beta 2 (ref: Reddit, GitHub -
SoftEtherVPN).

@AndrewT.: Yes I’m aware of that document but seeing that Android 11 still had support for IKEv1 I’m uncertain whether Google has already advanced past the deprecation phase into replacement of Racoon.

The answer is no.
This commit added an exception that is thrown when the user
tries to initiate an IKEv1 connection.
The bug with the id given in the commit message is non-public
so presumably this change was motivated not by technical but
policy considerations.


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Faster alternative to `input`?
I'm trying to automate a task on my (non-rooted) Android phone.
While I have it "working" using input, it is quite slow due to taking ~0.7s per event. (Basically, I just need to send a bunch of tap events, so what I have now is a sequence of adb shell input tap $x $y.)
I tried sendevent, but it gives me "permission denied". (I'm not sure why; the device is allegedly writable by the input group, of which the shell user is a member... and obviously, the input command can send events.)
Is there some trick to getting sendevent to work? Or some way to send multiple commands in a single invocation of input?
I'd prefer solutions that don't require installing third-party software...

I would recommend to edit your post and add more details on the task you want to automate. Based on what you have written it seems to be related to typing text, but the rest is not clear, which makes it difficult to write a good answer.

@Robert, sorry... not text, just a bunch of tap events with known x,y coordinates. Basically, I just want to send a bunch of tap events to specific points, but it's really slow right now because input is slow.

See scrcpy Issues: Input (screen presses) via command line? and answer to scrcpy - Why your adb shell cmd execute so fast?

So... really crappy method: fork adb... as in, run it on the local shell in the background, using &. This is super-ugly and somewhat dependent on each instance executing with consistent timing (and probably not too polite to the android device, asking it to spin up all those Java processes), but it works.
Example:
tap() { adb shell input tap "$@" & sleep 0.02 }
tap 500 500
tap 600 600
tap 700 700

...will send tap events to (500, 500), (600, 600) and (700, 700) in fairly quick succession.

EDIT: Below you can find a way to use sendevent, however as I figured since posting, sendevent will not work on later Android devices, as access to input devices from shell has been explicitely disabled in SELinux policy. I don't know a way to work around this without rooting. The recommended way is to use UiAutomation#injectInputEvent. That's Java code, so one could write a service, which forwards events received on some interface. That leads far way beyond this question. Anyway, my sendevent solution you may still use on some devices.

You can find complete sendevent examples online (eg in this blog post), but none worked for me out of the box, so I had to tweak things a bit.
First of all, if you want to use sendevent, you should figure out the right event device first. getevent can be used to obtain this info, either getevent -p or getevent -i will tell you the event dev <-> device connections, so you can find the event associated with your touchscreen device.
You can also use getevent to see how a real tap event looks like on your device. Just run adb shell, start getevent, then tap on the screen (for some reason adb shell getevent didn't return the events):
/dev/input/event2: 0003 0039 000025e9
/dev/input/event2: 0001 014a 00000001
/dev/input/event2: 0003 0035 00000320
/dev/input/event2: 0003 0036 000002ae
/dev/input/event2: 0000 0000 00000000
/dev/input/event2: 0003 0030 00000005
/dev/input/event2: 0000 0000 00000000
/dev/input/event2: 0003 0039 ffffffff
/dev/input/event2: 0001 014a 00000000
/dev/input/event2: 0000 0000 00000000

You get a bunch of hex codes. Try the same with getevent -l:
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID   000025e8
/dev/input/event2: EV_KEY       BTN_TOUCH            DOWN
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_POSITION_X    000002f8
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_POSITION_Y    000002f2
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR   00000005
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR   00000004
/dev/input/event2: EV_SYN       SYN_REPORT           00000000
/dev/input/event2: EV_ABS       ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID   ffffffff
/dev/input/event2: EV_KEY       BTN_TOUCH            UP
/dev/input/event2: EV_SYN       SYN_REPORT           00000000

and you will see the labels for the codes (where applicable), so you can match the codes with the labels. If you don't want a generic solution, just want it to work on your own device, then you only have to recreate the tap sequence you've just seen. (Be careful with the hex codes, getevent prints hex, but sendevent expects decimal.)
This is the code I use in one of my scripts:
EV_SYN=0
EV_KEY=1
EV_ABS=3
BTN_TOUCH=330
BTN_TOUCH_DOWN=1
BTN_TOUCH_UP=0
SYN_REPORT=0

ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID=57
ABS_MT_POSITION_X=53
ABS_MT_POSITION_Y=54
ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR=48
ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR=49

event_dev=`adb shell getevent -pl 2>/dev/null | sed -e ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n / /g' | awk '/ABS_MT_TOUCH/{print \$4}'`

tracking_id=1111
POS_X=600
POS_Y=800

adb shell "
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID   $tracking_id
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_KEY $BTN_TOUCH            $BTN_TOUCH_DOWN
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_POSITION_X    $POS_X
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_POSITION_Y    $POS_Y
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_TOUCH_MAJOR   5
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_TOUCH_MINOR   4
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_SYN $SYN_REPORT           0
"

adb shell "
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_ABS $ABS_MT_TRACKING_ID   -1
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_KEY $BTN_TOUCH            $BTN_TOUCH_UP
        sendevent $event_dev $EV_SYN $SYN_REPORT           0
"

It works on my non-rooted device, but you may have to tweak it to match your device codes and sequences.


text:
Where are Firefox bookmark and history files stored?
And what are the names? I want to copy each in the event of device failure.
Sync is apparently not an option as the Sync "application" has returned "'Cannot connect to network" for several weeks, and the web page to create an account just has a swirl that never loads anything else.
I'm not sold on sharing data with mozilla anyway, tho if anyone knows how to do that, also, ...
All the tutorials I've found online are about desktop. I tried applying solutions there to android, like searching for 'places.sqlite', but no dice.
I'm running OS 5.1.1, unrooted. I've got two 3rd-party file managers, and of course Firefox lets one browse root directories (file:///...).
Thanks.
Edit: I'm trying to use xBrowserSync, but every version I've found won't install, has this problem:

I scanned each at    VirusTotal first, of course.

Some related questions regarding bookmark and history mention the location, but it needs root access to internal storage. I'm not sure if Firefox could browse to that location though.

Clear cahche of Firefox app and backup whole /data/data/org.mozilla.firefox/ directory (better using tar). It preserves everything including history, bookmarks, tabs and sync account. Set proper UID and SELinux context on restore.

@Irfan Latif Is there a specific way to "back up"? I'm not a programmer, so I'm a little lost on your restoration advice. Would there be a way to convert to text file, maybe?
Anyone know what's up with Stync?
This seems overly complicated, but then they can't spy on you when you can DIY.

@Andrew T. The only place Firefox can't access is the "root" of external storage.
I am, however, having a problem "downloading," getting "File could not be saved." My file managers show file:///data as empty (one shows its own folder only) and copy it so. (In fact, I'd gone there first and it was that emptiness that caused me to come here.)


text:
How can I sign up for a Firefox account?
I want to back-up bookmarks and history, but the Sync "application" on my android device "cannot connect to network" and the webpage only provides a never ending swirl, even on a laptop.
(Yes, 'this is a question to ask at mozilla support'... which requires a Firefox account.)
Alternately, is there any browser that allows this manually, exported to some .txt or other file?
Edit: trying to install xBrowserSync, but it won't. I have a few versions, but each has this problem.

I scanned each at   VirusTotal first,  of  course.

Are you sure your Internet connections works at all? Have you tried to use a different Wifi, e.g. a public Wifi at a restaurant?

Yes. Certainly I'm doing other "interneting" to know if it's working. This question, for example.


text:
Do all Samsung devices sold in India after 2014 have e-fuse built-in? When was Samsung e-fuse Knox introduced?
I have Samsung J7 Prime bought in 2017 and Samsung J2 bought in 2016. How can I know if it has e-fuse Knox security built-in? I searched a lot but did not find any answers specifically for the Indian market.
Do all Samsung devices from 2015 have Samsung Knox Security e-fuse hardware built-in?

As far as I understand the e-fuse is an integral part of Knox, hence if your devices are on the Knox list they should have an e-fuse https://www.samsungknox.com/en/knox-platform/supported-devices

My device is in the list you given.Software support may be installed later in any devices. But i can not figure out whether E-FUSE is there in my mobile or not? Is there any way to figure out it?


text:
How do I prevent any app from being installed on an android device?
There's a similar question which discusses preventing app installs on the device.
I'd like to prevent any app from being installed, as a child will be using it, including from a computer at play.google.com.
I tried using Family link but it only allows preventing app installs rated PG13 and above.
Can I prevent the android device from accepting any new apps?

You should expand on the use case for app prevention: e.g. letting a child borrow a phone, corporate device restriction, for use as a kiosk, etc.

It's a device that's used by a child

So Family Link's "All Content" approval requirement isn't sufficient? https://support.google.com/families/answer/7039872


text:
Motorola Z Play having unusable screen
I dropped by Moto Z play a few days ago, and when i dropped it, the touchscreen just stopped. I can see everything that is happening on the screen, like the time, notifications and other things on the lock screen, but the touchscreen, as well as the fingerprint reader, is dead. I have tried accessing my data in multiple ways, but nothing has worked.
If anyone can help, please i would appreciate it.
Thanks in advance, and regards.

If only the touch digitizer is not working you can attach mouse and/or keyboard via USB OTG cable. See also https://android.stackexchange.com/tags/broken-screen/info

I found out that if i get a dongle, and attach the dongle to the USB-C, and attach a mouse to that dongle, then i can operate the phone a bit hard, but it works!!


text:
Android update removed "change account" button on login screen
After a Android Update on my Samsung Galaxy Tab S5e, the button allowing to choose the user-login (or Android account, I mean here "multi-user feature of Android") does not show anymore.
The button nevers shows up. (neither after reboot nor after changing user through user parameters, see under)
So to change user, you have to log on the last logged user, and then go in the parameter >user and choose the user you want.
My other Samsung tablet does not have this problem.
Android Version : 11;
One UI Version : 3.1 (that's the Samsung UI, I guess) ;
Google Play last update 1 aug 2021

You should give more details, e.g. on the used Android version and how the users were created, using the multiple user feature of Android or using some special app? Does the "change user" button never show up or only after a reboot?

I added the precisions you asked into the question. I really speak about the multiple user feature of android. and added the Android version

I re-searched for an update. There was one availlable, installed it.
The "change user" button did not appear directly. But by changing the user once again throught the parameters, then it appear finaly on top right corner.
It's now working as expected.


text:
Is adoptable storage in any new android version (9,10,11) original?
Question Is adoptable storage in any  new android version (9,10,11) original ?
I am planning to purchase new smart phone mobile for video editing graphic editing game apps. I want to install aprrox 200-400 apps as file in video editing are huge so I want to use app from external micro sd card and save output and files.on high speed v30 u30 160mbps/90mbps micro sd external card
As new mobile within warranty  so don't  want to root and use link2sd or app2sd apps to.lapse void  warranty
In android 5.1.1 lolipop there was option to move partly files to sd card by  android llolipop native app2sd option settings>apps>app info "Move to sd card"
In android 6.0 marshemellow the option of adoptable storage to   which formats the external micro sd card as internal memory
In android 7.1 there is option in settings developer option  "Force app to SD"
In android 8,9,10,11 or 9 pie I don't what alternative option given  there in below  findings it say it have  the option hidden and activated by SM (storage manager) command . Is there any way to get adoptable storage
( Formatting  external micro sd as internal)  or move app to sd (android native app2sd) or  developer option (force app to sd)
But as samsung galaxy have removed all adoptable storage option form its galaxy smart phone but planning to start with android pie 9.0
Can any one suggest me which android OS 9 11.0 or android 10.0 or android 12.0 can support  adoptable storage without rooting
Some.findings
https://source.android.com/devices/storage/adoptable
https://www.quora.com/Which-Smartphones-use-adoptable-storage
https://www.sammobile.com/2018/11/13/samsung-android-pie-adoptable-storage-feature

Sorry, but device recommendation is off-topic here. You might be interested in our sister site, Hardware Recommendations Stack Exchange, but please ensure to follow their guidelines to get the best device for your need.

@Andrew T. Bro thanx for reminding anad managing soory I didn't knew ...any other  stack exchange forums for find recommendation mobile hardware...as in have once did in computer hardware and mobile is off topic there to...a personal  suggestion  feedback as a administrator u  should recommend to move the topic to other sub site then closing or deleting topic thread..as closing long type question some users may get upset

@Andrew T. Bro as my question is for android's adoptable storage  technical  feature on OS based opinion solution not only Ram  ROM or device ..I think it's miisnderstood

Sorry, the community has decided that device/brand recommendation is off-topic here. Also, Android device recommendations are generally on-topic on HardwareRecs.SE, but we generally don't migrate questions if we are not sure if the question as-is written will be on-topic or not. Though, probably they don't accept broad questions like brand, instead of specific devices. If that's the case, then there's no Stack Exchange sites that may be appropriate. You can try other sites like XDA Forums, Reddit, or Quora though.

@Andrew T. Bro i have edited see if satisfy and matches to the rules protocols of stack exchange .. if u think u can help to edit urself if one or two words alterations matches protocols ..but my suggestion that the more we discuss in a community with problems the more Reasearch and development increases..the protocols rules is good to manage mob but it to ties bind the more  people interacts in forums there  and chance of more intakes opinions and some.opinions suggestion hits to more discoveries.. that's why R&D..standards few protocols are good to controlbut all should be open minded ..

Your edit was appropriate, so I decided to reopen it. Note that Stack Exchange is a strict objective/factual Q&A, thus opinions are generally discouraged. No hard feeling, but that's just what the Stack Exchange Q&A model is. If you want more open-ended discussions/opinions, then SE is really not the best site for this, and there are other sites out there that are more appropriate for this, like XDA Forums and Reddits.

I came across this while searching for a problem dealing with adoptable storage. While not a direct answer about adoptable storage, I know it's typically used to gain space on internal storage and wanted to note the alternative: "Force allow apps on external" still exists under developer options (close to the bottom). At least it exists in Android 11 on a Samsung A01. Once I got adoptable storage cleaned up/removed, I enabled it and was then able to move a few GB of apps/data to the SD card making the phone more usable again.

you got adoptable-storage working on Samsung device? sure it is One UI?

I'm not sure. I followed instructions here. Seemed to work in Android 10 (one screen in settings showed 80GB of storage and I could move some apps to the card). It freed enough space to update the OS to 11 and afterwards it basically crashed until I removed the SD-card. I then had to figure out how to undo adoptable storage and then tried again and it didn't work - always just showed 16GB in storage and while it gave me the option to move apps, it failed. Finally found the setting to force apps to SD which works OK-ish.


text:
Does Storage manager (SM) package manager (PM) command works in android 10,11
Question Does Storage manager (SM) Package manager (PM) command works in android 10,11?
I want to purchase new android mobile as new smart  phone  come.with android 9,10,11.
As I want adaptable storage as all experts told no new  mobile vendor manufacturer supports adoptable except android 6.0 marshemellow it was introduced but many forums it said that android 9.0 (https://source.android.com/devices/storage/adoptable)  and above support but it's hidden disabled by vendor manufacturer and can be enabled through following commands
adb shell
sm has-adoptable
sm set -force- adoptable true
sm set-virtual-disk true
Reboot

Or
Adb shell
sm list-disks
sm partition disk:179:160 mixed 25
sm format private:179,3
sm mount private:179,3
Reboot

Or
Adb shell
pm set-install-location 2
pm get-install-location
Reboot

Now I want to ask that do  Storage manager (SM) or Package manager (PM) java command is Available in android 9,10,11 new any model smartphone mobile phone (samsung, vivo, Oppo, MI..any company any model u know ) without rooting  (as rooting may cause warranty void) will SM or PM above commands can be runned by terminal emulator and will any of the above  SM command partition or format external sd card as internal  can be enable or partly run adopt the external micro sd card through this method
If any one used any of the following mobiles the samsung galaxy 5g series   (f62, f52, m32,m42) or samsung galaxy 4g series (f41 f22 m31 m21  m12) or xiomi ( redmi 10 prime, power 9 , note 10t, mi 10i,  mi 11x) or Realme (nazo 30 ,x7, a 22, 8s, gt master edition, z7 , ) or  oppo ( a53s, a 74, f19 pro+)  vivo ( v20 v21 v21e) ,  poco (m3 pro  m3, z3,x 3)
As the following link says samsung galaxy   Galaxy A5, J5, J7, On5, S7,S9  work with these option
How to adopt SD card as internal storage on Samsung devices?

What android 11 device model?

@alecxs .bro ..any model any company u know which have encoprated am PM command which can work with adoptable...I was prefring for sumaung galxy m32 or f42  but if it don't have or oppo or vivo or mi or any any company model have if it's in ur knowledge  kindly tell me as I can purchase in festival offers in discount..I can go for old  android 8,9 models to of samsung S7  as in link https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/146513/how-to-adopt-sd-card-as-internal-storage-on-samsung-devices

It seems you found solution yourself for some older question: Root Essentials claims to install adoptable-storage (framework/sm.jar) on any android device

@Androidquery I think you would get more response if you would ask such a question in the device specific forum at https://forum.xda-developers.com. BTW: Please don't call me "bro".

@robert buddy thanx for best advice can I call u buddy friend dost  if it don't mind...bro. haha..thanx for suggestion..xda have developers and they are good for programers not novice.....still tey if some.onw answer the same

@alecxs bro "It seems you found solution yourself for some older question: Root Essentials claims to install adoptable-storage (framework/sm.jar) on any android device" yes rhia installation can be done do it work in android 9 or 10 or 11 through twrp recovery (fastboot boot  recovery.img) ..do I need rooting as roooting may void  warranty

@alecxs bro that question was different it was for adoptable storage  and it's for SM storage manager command and  PM pacakage manager. Commands...that question is not answered it commented it's just commented for closure or edit by Andrew T

It's exact the same question, only different wording, and you have already been told that no one can answer that


text:
How which custom android OS stock rom version (7-12) virtually pre load/check/test have adoptable storage format sd card as internal storage option
question which  custom android OS stock rom version (6,7.1,8.1,9.1.10,11,12.1) and how to virtually (VM) pre load pre check test have adoptable storage format sd card as internal storage option
the  mobile device i want to  load custom rom is lyf water 7  as it have android 5.1.1 lolipop but it dont have option to  move app to sd card either its locked ot not suitable or compatible for rom device but same company other models with android 5.1.1 have option to  move app to sd card following custom roms  is available for the same device i want to  know which  android version will have  format  external sd as internalal or move aap to  sd option enable for my device
https://www.getdroidtips.com/custom-rom-lyf-water-7/

Android 10 Q stable
Android 9 Pie.
Android 8.1 OREO
Android 7.1 Nougat
Android 11
android 12.1 CyanogenMod

https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/cm_12-1-stable-ls-5504-_lyf_water-7.3595710/
I had shared the link of the modified  custom roms not from manufacturer vendor but from xda or 3rd party sites don't know it authentic safe or chances to brick the mobile...how can I pre check  pre test the custom rom  before installing either it have adoptable storage (formatting micro sd card as internal)  through pre loading running testing checking custom rom  virtually in som virtual machine (VM) type apps so that phone device don't get hardware or software bricked too.
i want to  root and install custom rom on my mobile and want to purchase new android mobile ( samsung m21 m31) i  am searching that which android supports  formatting  external sd card as internal and have  option to move apps to sd card  or auto install apps to sd card kindly suggest the  android OS version compatible for  adaptable storage

It is supported from 6.0 to current version 11. You are well advised to read the tag  wiki of the tag you used and decide next steps // Given 128 GB is pretty standard these days, also think hard - do you really need to go this path?

Note that some manufacturer remove or disable adoptable storage in their devices. BTW: there is no "Android 12.1 CyanogenMod", the CyanogenMod project is dead for years. The last CyanogenMod version was 14.1 which corresponds to Android 7. Furthermore Android 12.1 is not yet released. Based on rumors we expect it to come 2022.

adoptable-storage does not require root at all, either it works out of the box, or root solutions are your only alternative, there is "no" way to make adoptable-storage storage work with root

@Robert bro  android 12.1 CyanogenMod  for my mobile device I found link on xda either it's modified don't know it's aithenticiry or genuiity ..kindly check and tell is it safe to use this customised rom or not
https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/cm_12-1-stable-ls-5504-_lyf_water-7.3595710/

@Androidquery Nobody can tell you if a customROM you found on the net is safe or not. Even if the source code would be completely available it would take weeks as a full-time job to verify if a ROM is safe. Therefore you can only check who has developed a ROM and if you trust this person.

try this ROM XenonHD Android 7.1.1 or CyanogenMod13 Android 6.0.1 or ask Gautam Maini in Telegram group for LineageOS 16.0-20191229-UNOFFICIAL-zx55q05 Android 9.0

@Androidquery just to be clear, the XDA post you linked is CyanogenMod 12.1 based on Android 5.1, not Android 12.1 (Android 12 hasn't even been released yet for public usage at this moment). The CyanogenMod (and its successor, Lineage OS) version is always 7 higher than the Android version that is based on.

@Robert bro as you said "Note that some manufacturer remove or disable adoptable storage in their devices." How to test or  check device is enable or  disabled  the adobtable storage in ROM device hardware any adb shell command or any configration or any bechmarking hardware info  apps kindly suggest or tell the way to test for hardware mobil device compatibilty

it's easy to figure out if you got hands on one phone, but it's hard to answer if you don't have any concrete device model in mind

Generally it's hard to answer because it depends on encryption type and vendor. For example adoptable-storage is not compatible with Android 7.0 - 8.1 with (FBE) file-based encryption. Some devices support adoptable-storage but GUI lacks functionality - intentionally on vendors decision. Some of that limitations can bypassed from cmd line, but you might end up with successfully adopted storage and unmoveable apps

bro I have edited 300-400 and made some apps movable through apk editor app in one of my mobile with android 7.0 and then extracted the apps and save the installers through apk extractor app and apps installing and made them movable  secondly when downloaded and installed from apkpure it's auto installs by default in adpatable storage that is the  external micro sd card formatted as  internal storage in android 6 phone so I want to check test it in android 7,8,9,10,11,12  by loading customized rom available for my handset

bro yes i know it depends on hardware mobile manufacturer compatibility issues to...but major part depends on OS encryption method or files system security and many other things...but when the rom is modified customised programmed or tailored by 3rd party tailor made developer then as android is open source they must programm and remove the limitations is there any way to pretest prechek the custom rom by loading in any virtual machine app on Android phone to check if that cuatomised rom will work fine or not. And it's having adoptable storage compatibility or not

bro I have detailed that inam using Lyf water 7 ls-5015 for customised rom and planning to purcase samsung m21 or m31  so kindly suggest me which  android os version and mobile is GUI and FBE is compatible for andaptable storage and how can we pre check or pretest android OS  through vitrually loading  whether the is compatible with mobile device and have features compatibility or not

Lyf water Android 5.1.1 Lollipop is not compatible https://source.android.com/devices/storage/adoptable Samsung does not support adoptable-storage https://www.samsung.com/sg/support/mobile-devices/does-galaxy-s9-or-s9-plus-2018-support-the-adoptable-storage-feature

Lyf water 7 has inbuilt android 5.1.1  lolipop does not  support adaptable buas it's lolipop os by default if we upgrade or update or install custom rom android 6 then will it support or not. As Lyf water 7  used to have same android 5.1.1 lolipop but company manufacturer vendor itself gave an upgraded  update for it for android 6.0 mashemellow all if a sudden  and it got the adaptable storage option . But manufacturer vender don't have update os upgrade for water 7 as not much sold device  so if I upgrade from xda or 3rd party devloper then can I get such option for device


text:
How to show configure mount ext2 ext4 formatted SD card partitions in android file manager?
How to show configure mount ext2 ext4 formatted SD card partitions in android file manager?
As fat32 fiile system don't support files more than 4 gb I have to take backup  before after rooting for safety backup of system boot userdata  through twrp or DD if  command which saves files in sd card and the files of twrp images of userdata  mmcblk0 is more than 8GB-15GB and it requires to format sd card to ext2. As in adb shell or fastboot we can write on ext2 formatted partion is micro sd card
But ext2 ext4 file system ( I formatted partitioned with mini partition tool) is not readable in windows PC and when I inserted booted android 6.0 and open the android self file manager or xplore or.solid explorer or settings storage  without rooting it shows only reads  the first partition of fat32 but it don't shows the second partition there and.even in settings storage as it's not mounting reading the  ext2 ext4 partition and mounting it.  Firstly I have to read  the sd card and copy the images file on pc which is unreadablle unmountable in  android and windows both
I know we can do adb pull command and copy it to pc directly but I want to change file system of external sd card to ext2 or ext4 so that if I download big videos or create any big size files more than 4gb then it can save it fastly and secure in ext2 or ext4 file system
My queries :-
Q1. Can we use configure SD card second partition ext2 or ext4 formatted  for moving apps as it move default to first partition through SM or PM commands can second app be used only in link2sd can't we manualy through adb shell configure it or format  first or second partition as internal memory
Q2. So my question is how through any app or adb shell command I can mount or make sd card second partition ext2 or ext4 file system mountable readable in my android 6.0 mobile phone. Any way to edit FUSE bind in boot.init without rooting or any other way apps  to make it readable.kindly guide steps as I am novice new to android adb and programming commands
Thanks for your precious time advice opinion suggestion and sharing knowledge.

Did you try Mix explorer?

Does this answer your question? How to read ext4 filesystem without mounting on a non-rooted device?


text:
How can I play video over my LAN?
I have a Mythbuntu computer on my home LAN where I store all my music and video files.
I'd like to be able to watch video that is stored on my Mythbuntu computer on my Galaxy Tab 10.1. The videos are in a variety of formats and sizes. I understand that some sizes might be too large to stream over the LAN, but I think it should be within the ability of most hardware.
The Galaxy tab connects via wifi to the home network.
I have tried some apps that claim to be MythTV front ends, but they have proven to be difficult to set up in that they require a lot of MythTV specific settings.
I'm looking for a solution that is independent from MythTV, and just plays the video files in an independant player, much like I would open a video file on my desktop computer with VLC.
Is that possible, and if so, how?

Isn't MythTV uPnP compatible? If so, you could use any uPnP client, like e.g. BubbleUPnP.

@Izzy: BubbleIPNP worked like a charm. Make that an answer and I'll green check it.

As MythTV is uPnP compatible, you can use any uPnP client for Android. A great app for this purpose is e.g. BubbleUPnP, which not only serves as a client (so you can access what MythTV provides), but also as a server, so you can use it even the other way around and integrate it as a "media provider" with your MythTV installation. This way you are also able to stream media contents from your Android device to your other uPnP capable home devices.

BubbleUPnP: Where to output, what to play (Source: Google Play; click image to enlarge)

AirPlayIt is one software solution that will stream video files from your computer or file server to an Android device. It simply streams things Android can play and transcodes things it can't.
Plex is another popular solution.
You might also investigate any number of UPNP media streaming solutions.

VLC for Android!
This is the port of VLC media player to the Android™ platform. VLC for Android can play any video and audio files, as well as network streams, network shares and drives, and DVD ISOs, like the desktop version of VLC.
https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.videolan.vlc

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


text:
Specific App install from Google Play fails, where to see log?
I'm trying to re-install a paid app from the Google Play Store I had previously installed before doing a system update.
The installation fails silently after downloading. (Other installs from the Market work fine.)
Where can I see a log of what went wrong?
My System is a CM10 nightly built, so there might be all kinds of problems.
The app doesn't show up as previously installed in any OS app lists, but turns up as 'not installed, no backups' in the Titanium Backup list, so there must be some residues from the former installation left.

Found a solution. in short: delete /data/data/com.name.apk/ . Will post as answer as soon as new-user-block is over.

Have you installed it on the SDCard previously? Is any error message shown? The only way to check the logs that comes to my mind is using adb logcat (as most logcat apps can no longer access the full logcat with JellyBean without some additional handwork, due to changed security measures).

Our comments just crossed... This brings up another candidate, if one doesn't want to do that manually: SD Maid should ferret such "remains" and clean them up.

No, the app wasn't installed to SD. And thanks for the SDMaid link. Will try this out too. Might also clean out other stuff.

That's correct. Shall I leave that for you to include it with your answer?

If just included my way (with mostly onboard tools) in my answer. If you want to write an own answer recommending the app, you'll get a vote up from me.

Did so, with a more detailed description. Also took the freedom to re-format (and upvote) your answer. Good work! If you don't like the way I formatted your answer, feel free to roll-back or re-edit :)

Thank you very much. I'll also appreciate the re-formatting.

Glad to help! Btw: You might want to re-phrase your question to match the answers LOL -- as they are nothing about "where to see the log" :)

To answer myself:

Downloaded the .apk of the app on a PC with the help of the APK Downloader tool, and put it onto the phones SD card.
Used Terminal application (part of CM10) to switch to root (su),
then tried to install the downloaded .apk file via pm install com.name.apk

Got an error code: INSTALL_FAILED_UID_CHANGED, googled that and found a solution:

Removed /data/data/com.name.apk/ folder completely via terminal
Tried pm install com.name.apk again -> SUCCESS (Would probably also have worked with normal Play Store install.)

Seems that each app gets a unique UID on first install to manage its access rights on files and folders. If the system thinks it's the first install, it assigns a new one, then can't overwrite/delete old settings/data folders previously set with another UID.

Glad you've found a working solution! To make it easier for people being afraid of working with the terminal:
On the Google Playstore you can find the app SD Maid, which (amongst other things) can take care for "left-overs" of uninstalled apps, which it calls "corpses" (so the part relating to this is the "corpses finder"). To do so, it reads the list of installed apps from the package manager, and then checks for e.g. directories which should not be there:

SDMaid: "Corpse Finder" and "System Cleaner" (Source: Google Play; click images to enlarge)
In your case, you've uninstalled the "foobar" app, which has the "package-name" of "com.foobar.app". Reading the list of installed apps, SDMaid thus does not find it -- so the folder /data/data/com.foobar.app would be identified as "corpse" and offered for cleaning.
So the big pro for the "average user" here is not only that he can avoid the command line, but also does not need to figure out tha apps "technical name", as SDMaid does that itself. And as "nice-to-have", the app also brings a file manager, file searcher, app control (freezing apps etc), and more.
Last remark: your device must be rooted for SDMaid to work. But so it must if you want to manually remove that directory, as the su step in your own answer shows :)

I don't know who you are.. but you have no idea how much you helped me.. tons of thanks dude.. :)

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


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Can I stop installed apps adding their icon to my homescreen?
Currently every app I install adds a launcher icon to the homescreen.  As my default homescreens are nicely arranged and as a result full, it creates another home screen 'page' to put the icons on.
This is really very annoying as I have to remove both the icon and the newly created screen on every install.
Is there any way to stop apps adding a launcher to the home screen by default?

From Google Play Store application:

Go into Settings
Uncheck Auto-add shortcuts

That will prevent Google play store from creating shortcuts to the home screen each time a new app is installed.


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Reversing translation of (error) messages?
A device presents me with an error message, and I want to google the problem.
The error message is displayed translated, making it harder than necessary to find others with the same issue and/or a solution.
Is there a way I can search the translation dataset and find the original string in english?

What android ROM are you referring to? What version? What error message? What device? a lot of things missing from this question... please elaborate and clarify? Thanks :)

You might be able to (temporarily) switch the system language in the settings, provike the error message, write it down, and switch back. While the system language is switched, all apps will use this (if not explicitly told otherwise).

@t0mm13b I deliberately tried to make the question as generic as I could, assuming that the android SDK provided a standardized way of handling translatable strings. Are you saying that's not the case?

by deliberately leaving things out and making it generic falls under the "broad-scope" which in some cases can be off-topic. Please leave as much information in it - we're not psychics... :)

One thing you could try is to google for the translation, which might turn up the translation XML file holding both, original string and translation. Worked for me a couple of times :)

After some digging around, it turns out that there is indeed a way to handle localization in the SDK that could help answer this question, but from the Localization documentation, I don't get the impression an end-user can easily find these files and read them.
Izzy's two suggestions from the comments are really the best available solutions here.

Switch the system language in the settings, provoke the error message, write it down, and switch back. While the system language is switched, all apps will use this if not explicitly told otherwise.
You could try is to google for the translation, which might turn up the translation XML file holding both, original string and translation.


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Terminal-IDE: Is there a working wiki somewhere to discuss issues unique to this environment?
I'm trying to use the "Terminal-IDE" development environment.
I think it's FANTASTIC from what I can see so far, but at the moment its promise is more than it delivers (to me at least) because I'm having trouble getting to / from the phone as discussed in the HELP literature.
The wiki link on that page is non-functional.
While I have specific issues that may appear to be more of a generic nature and may appear to belong on, say ServerFault or SuperUser, I think they're likely to be common to people using Terminal-IDE...
I'm going to post those issues here in AndroidEnthusiasts as so far this seems like the best place....
Thanks.
BY THE WAY, a new tag, "Terminal-IDE" should be created, but, while I have plenty of reputation in StackOverflow, et al, I haven't got that reputation HERE. Would someone PLEASE create this tag (and let me know!), so we Terminal-IDE users can find related questions and answers? THANKS!

In communications with the coder who created Terminal-IDE, known only as Spartacus Rex, the Terminal-IDE community is fairly new and no one had yet created a community.
So, I did.
You can now find:

A Web Site where there may one day be a wiki (help needed - can YOU help set up a Wiki?).
An email list to join to ask and answer questions. This list has a
searchable archive.
A new Blog-Site.
And, at least one new contribution of code to help user's out. It's
called Resolver.

Happy? Give it a thumb's up!

+1 Thank you. I started http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Android/Terminal_IDE . I hope you find that wiki page useful.


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Unable to mount fastboot boot twrp.img backup unable to mount storage?
I was trying to load  fastboot boot twrp.img and  take backup of stock rom system.img userdata.img through twrp recovery...
it loaded successfully but  while taking backup its  not able to take backup its  giving error that it "cant mount storage" its  not  able to select  sdcard microsdcard  and internal memory to showing 0 free space
is there any  way to  mount  and show  the internal memory or external sd card in twrp recovery image  any suggestions
My mobile device have

OS Android 6.0.1 Marshellow Processor Qualcomm Family cortex a53
Machine arrch 64 Architecture arm cortex a53 External memory card 64GB
ROM 16 GB MOBILE NOT ROOTED

thank for your suggestion time and advice

@alecx bro thank for replying comments  is there any way younsughest to solve this encryption by yourself how to write to keep maintenance ...Can we infuse some mounting script in twrprecovery.img by yourself I found ways but not worked anyone can solve encryption problem links for ways.   https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/how-to-fix-unable-to-mount-data-internal-storage-0mb-in-twrp-permanently.3830897/.             https://appuals.com/how-to-fix-twrp-unable-to-mount-storage-internal-storage-0mb/

@alecx bro thank a lot here is the link    https://dl.twrp.me/mobee01a/twrp-3.5.2_9-0-mobee01a.img.html

according to last commit encryption is already fixed. please share /tmp/recovery.log via pastebin.com

@alecxs bro if commit encryption is already there in this step image then why mount error is coming is it for encryption or any problem how to solve problem

@alecxs bro
The below links funded in Google shows that this error is due to encryption of mobile device files tried following option to decrypt but not worked either problem with two recovery image
https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/...rnal-storage-0mb-in-twrp-permanently.3830897/
https://appuals.com/how-to-fix-twrp-unable-to-mount-storage-internal-storage-0mb/

please share /tmp/recovery.log via pastebin.com. without recovery.log i can not help


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Any apps or ways to categories group apps folders in menu view
Question :- Any apps or ways to categories group apps folders in menu view
Is there any apps or  setting to categories group move apps installed icons in folders inside menu view.  as there is jumble of apps to search in alphabetical order which cant be moved or.clubed inside menu view of. Android 6.0 unrooted mobile phone.
I had searched Google and.finded smart launcher go launcher x or drawer to. Circle launchers but all just change wallpapers or screens or  create widgets folder organizer manager but no one manages the menu view
Yes I know we can create folder in home (mobile desktop views) but rereating folders shortcut making home screens desktop jumbled will slow down booting of  Android starting and many time it don't display icon image on reboot of mobiles.
Can we create self menu (as start menu in Windows properly organised) through app and hide the original menu and replace our own menu. I have seen a circle.menu recreated by some apps.
Any stable good idea or  app to create organize categorise apps icons shortcuts in a menu view as it's not customisable in Android 6.

Sorry but I understand may be 20% of your question because of the language you use (what ever it is).

@Robert bro sorry it was due to auto correct I tried best to elaborate correct and make it understand you cAn suggest edits to


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How to unlock view get app info "Move app to SD card" option locked missing in android 5.1.1
Question :-How to unlock view get app info "Move app to SD card" option locked missing in android 5.1.1?
I have two mobiles of same company with different model both having same os android 5.1.1  sharing below screenshot of about phone of both mobiles
Lyf  water  7 ls 5004 about phone

Lyf wind 6 ls 5009 about phone

But one of the mobile model  Lyf wind 6    ls-5009 (with 8gb internal memory) is showing "Move to SD card" option in setting apps but another mobile model Lyf water 7 ls 5504 (internal memory 16gb) one is missing locked not  showing option for same app "move to sd card" may be locked by OEM. Screenshot of same app settings for both mobile option pasted below.
Lyf wind 6 ls 5009 app info (move to sd card option available)

https://www.linkpicture.com/q/c0Gpg.jpg
Lyf water 7 ls 5504 app info (move to sd card missing)

https://www.linkpicture.com/q/z81Ra.png
** My queries**

How to unlock view or see the same option  "move to sd" in another model lyf water 7 of android 5.1.1 by modifying the settings through any adb shell fastboot or terminal with or without rooting the mobile.

I tried  app manager III  or app2sd or link2sd apps on unrooted and rooted mobile  to do the same but all fails to move the apps. All apps when move to sd option clicked they open  take me open same dialogue box window to original settings>app>appinfo option to move apps ( as shown in screenshot above) and there no option of move app to sd

Link2sd when app moved to move to sd it gave following error and link to sd is grayed out and disabled and not working (even on rooted phone)
Failure
pkg: /data/app/
com.gmail.heagoo.sdcardmovable-1/
base.apk Failure
[INSTALL FAILED INVALID_INSTALL LOC
ATION]

Storage screenshot of link2sd of lyf water 7
https://www.linkpicture.com/q/Screenshot_2021-09-26-11-36-04.png

I tried adb shell pm set-install-location 2  in rooted mobile it's changed succesfully but still apps installed through Google Play Store or apkpure  do not installs automatically to external sd card they still installing in internal storage not

I know all apps are not movable as their app mainfest don't allow I had tried to edit apk editor default prefered install location to external still same app without editing  the app is moving to sd card  in one mobile and no option of moving not showing option in another mobile with same android 5.1.1 same app same kernal version same.company but different models it means there is some setting lock or change how can we modify or unlock that option .

Any more setting I can alter to get the result of moving apps to sd card on my lyf water 7 ls 5504. Any adb shell command. I don't know if its locked in rom or hardware incompatibility  then  will 3rd party  custom rom available in xda may be android 6.03  or android 7.1.1 or android 8,9,10  will allow or have such option and work in the same mobile or not

If there is any hardware or rom uncompatibilty or lock by manufacturer or vendor I am worried if I install custom rom of android 6.0.3 marshemellow or android   7.1.1 then will they have such option or not  to move app to sd or to format as as internal  in both custom rom

Let us continue this discussion in chat.

Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_INSTALL_LOCATION] indicates something is wrong with signature.
If app is moved to MicroSD Card primary partition, Android native app2sd - settings - app - storage - MOVE TO SD CARD - created encrypted container in .android_secure directory which is mounted to /mnt/secure/asec
The same MicroSD Card cannot used in another phone without reformatting, because app2sd get in conflict with existing .android_secure directory which cannot decrypted on other phones.
You are using same MicroSD Card that's why android app2sd (asec) works for only one of both devices.
Reformat or use another MicroSD Card to fix

https://android.stackexchange.com/a/221485

@alcexs bro thanks a lot bro I used a newly purchase newly partitioned  16gb and.newly formatted micro sd card with 16gb for testing... The error was coming previously due  to I formatted the second partitioned external micro sd card  in ext2 file system and when I converted back to ext4 the error stopped and the android app2sd native  "move app to sd" is working through  link2sd. But this native option by manufacturer vendor of device is locked disabled  disappeared from Original Modified Android OS 5.1.1  lolipop   settings>apps>app info. .

But after formatting micro external card 2nd partion to ext4  file system apps. Moved succesfully to micro sd card..But now when I move back moved apps to sd back to internal memory  "move to phone" option in link2sd it give same error again either the internal memory is not ext4 or  some mobile settings problem  some other setting modified locked by vendor manufacturer may bet.

No no, this must be coincidence. app2sd moveable not depend on 2nd partition, .android_secure directory is on 1st partition


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Storage manager (SM) Partitioned Micro sd card but how to mount the extended partition and use it as internal storage.?
Question:- Storage manager (SM) Partitioned  Micro sd card but how to mount the extended partition and use it as internal storage.?
I purchased 6 months before, Samsung Galaxy s20 Fe with android 12 with 128 GB internal memory and a 128 GB external Micro SD card. I am an IT freelancer professional, so I have a job is for testing daily 1000's of different android apps some I have keep installed to create logged reports either monthly weekly or quarterly and my other work is to do some short video advertisements or photo editing and some other GPS technical official apps to do my job in an instant go while traveling.
I want to set default installation of apps location to micro sd card, i tried but it only moves the main APK files, leaving ODBB file like  data, cache, lib, and dex in internal memory thus occupying space in internal memory. I want to keep my internal memory free for output files of video editing to fast rendering of photo editing or video editing file on mobile.
I have tried Adoptable storage ( formatting external micro sd card as internal)  without rooting once in my android 6.0 Marshemellow and thought it may work in android 12.0.
i tried following commands in following sequence
adb devices
adb shell

r8q:/ $ sm list-disks adoptable
   Disk: 179,0 (output of list-disk adoptable command)
r8q:/ $ sm has-adoptable
      false
r8q:/ $ sm partition disk:179:0 mixed 40
r8q:/ $ sm set-force-adoptable true
r8q:/ $ sm list-volumes all
        private mounted null
        public:179,1 mounted 5C8A-85AC
        private:179,3 unmountable
        emulated;0 mounted null
r8q:/ $sm format private:179,3
r8q:/ $sm mount private:179,3
r8q:/ $ sm has-adoptable
      false
r8q:/ $ sm list-volumes all
        private mounted null
        public:179,1 mounted 5C8A-85AC
        private:179,3 unmountable
        emulated;0 mounted null
r8q:/ $ ls -al /dev/block/platform/soc/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root   80 2022-11-07 13:12 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root   60 2019-02-11 06:25 ..
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 1680 2019-02-11 06:25 1d84000.ufshc
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root  140 2022-11-07 13:12 8804000.sdhci
r8q:/ $ ls -al /dev/block/platform/soc/8804000.sdhci
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 140 2022-11-07 13:12 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root  80 2022-11-07 13:12 ..
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 100 2022-11-07 13:12 by-name
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  18 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p1 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p2 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p3 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
r8q:/ $ ls -al /dev/block/platform/soc/8804000.sdhci/by-name/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 100 2022-11-07 13:12 .
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 140 2022-11-07 13:12 ..
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 android_expand -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 android_meta -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 shared -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p1

Result is fine with no errors, it partitioned the micro sd card and converted formatted and mounted my 128GB card to 2 parts ie.as in mobile phone settings>storage in android 12.0 its showing 47.63GB card after commands it means its mounted and the micro external card is parted 47.63 portable is showing. but second  partition is not showing in android and the  files apps moved is still saving in 47.63 gb public:179,1 mounted 5C8A-85AC not the other one which  is private:179,3 unmountable and not being used and remaining 80.37 GB is unallocated and not usable

I rebooted my  android phone twice still.
But internal its still showing 100GB remaining and its not added and why the remaining space partition of  80.37GB  is its not showing in android device how to mount or show in GUI of android and how to now 80.37GB partition as adoptable storage or format remaining  80.37GB as internal memory and extend my internal memory storage and how to use the partition in micro sd card and remaining
i tried $sm mount private:179,3 to  to mount 179,3 private  sd card second parition but still its hidden and showing invisible
on  command  ls -al /dev/block/platform/soc/8804000.sdhci/by-name/
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  18 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p1 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p1
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p2 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root  20 2022-11-07 13:12 mmcblk0p3 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p3

it showed 3 partitions of  micro sd card  ie /dev/block/mmcblk0p1 & p2 & p3  but  how can we mount  the  undisplayed parition by
mount /dev/block/mmcblk0p3 /data/sdext2 will it  write in init.c  so that  its gets  every time i reboot restart  the  android phone. by which command i can show  the  micro sd card hidden partition so that  it can be  displayed in settings-storage and wordk as  adoptable internal storage
Thanks for giving time and reading my question and  i will be  obliged to get experts advice solution for  my problem . Thanks a lot in advance for  your precisous time advice and knowledge sharing and help.


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Moving apps to SD Card on Samsung Galaxy S20 FE Android 12
I purchased 6 months before, Samsung Galaxy s20 Fe with android  12 with 128 GB internal memory and a 256 GB external Micro SD card. I am an IT freelancer professional, so I have a job is for testing 1000's of different apps, and my main work is to install some video photo editing and some technical official apps to do my job in an instant go while traveling.
In Android 12.0 of Samsung Galaxy S20 Fe There is an option of CHANGE option in Settings > App> Storage to change (move) location of app from internal to SD card in Android.

But its the same like as in Android 5.0, it only moves the main APK files, leaving data, cache, lib, and dex in internal memory thus occupying space in internal memory. I want to keep my internal memory free for output files of video editing to fast rendering of photo editing or video editing file on mobile.
MY QUERIES:-

Is there any option without rooting to move the complete apps (lib, dex, data, and cache) to an external micro SD card?

There was an option in Android 6.0 Marshmallow for adaptable storage to format an external SD card as internal memory and move complete application files. Can I do that in Android 12.0?

there any developer option in Android 12.0 to force or make default installation of apps in the external memory card so that all apps are installed automatically with apk,lib, dex,data file in the external memory card but it works with only 5 to 10 apps out of 100 it still leave some part in internal memory?

In Android 6.0, I tried to edit the app manifest through the APK editor to change the default install location of an app to external memory. Will it work in Android 12.0? But it's time-consuming to edit every application.

Can we root Samsung Galaxy S20 FE and use the Link2SD app or any script in boot.int or any other new application in Android 12.0 which with its script links all lib, dex files in a micro SD card?

Is there any other way or method or settings options  in developer options or any other 3rd part application in Android 12.0 Samsung Galaxy S20 FE so that I can move (dex lib apk data)  or install complete application directly to external micro SD card and  keep my internal memory free for working or output files rendering ?

The reason why I still want to move apps to sd Card while having internal memory of 128GB is for testing 1000's apps and editing and rendering short video and photo editing .
I know External micro sd card is slower than internal memory but the app I install for TESTING   on external memory will be rarely used may  2 or 3 times a year but for testing and reporting to companies i need to keep it  installed in mobile for year to give usage or some log reports and its useless to give them space in internal memory and make them full my internal memory  i cant uninstall or re-install them .

For app testing I would never use a phone that I use for business and thus that is important to me.

@Robert I have three phones samsung s20fe i use for working  app testing and video editing photo editing .. second one Samsung galaxy f22 i use for banking and secure works  ..... Samsung galaxy f62 third one i use for calling  and social needs.... but for apps and unsecure work and editing working  i use samsung s20 fe  mobile as no risk for data stolen... and samsung galaxy s20 fe good for video photo rendering and many  have 8gb RAm and Qualcomm SM8250 Snapdragon 865 5G CPU Octa-core (1x2.84 GHz Cortex-A77 & 3x2.42 GHz Cortex-A77 & 4x1.80 GHz Cortex-A55) GPU Adreno 650

1-6) no 5) only on unlockable bootloader


text:
Compatibility Feasibility Speed and use of High Capacity MicroSd Card for adaptable swapping and linking apps?
I want purchase a new high capacity (64GB or  128GB)  high speed (100Mbps 170Mbps 250 MBps) MicroSdcard for Swapping/Adoptable /linking apps through Link2SD/ portable (adoptable) storage
so i want to confirm compatibility feasibility speed  performance my external sdcard slot/tray/reader/chip/hardware should have according to my device and  Android lolipop 5.1.1 support.
High capacity MicroSd card comes with pre-formatted extfat file system but my mobile  manufacturer technical specification of mobile device says it supports up to 128gb and fat32 file system
There are many  available sdcards Micro
i want to know that type (SDHC SDXC) UHs speed Class (UHSI UHS II) Video Speed Class  (v10 v30 v60 V90)  and App performance class (A10)  Speed of (90 Mbps 100Mbps 170Mbps 250MBps) its confusing which  will  be compatible feasible and best for adaptable swap  and give optimum performance for the purpose.
secondly there is not use of  extra speed or video class card if Device or Android supports works on less speed.
Before purchasing to decide i want to confirm and check my device and understand clarify  following  questions and queries to decide  which card will be compatible for my android lolipop 5.1.1 OS and device:-

Can high capacity exfat be forced  to  used (through mounting
it inboot init)  in android or phone through mount commands
without damaging phone Android os  or SDcards protocols and will all
apps/ os file manager support it if yes then
                              *-kindly tell me commands for it.*

if not then can high capacity card be formatted to Fat32 if yes
then how can i format and will the card give the same performance
speed performance as  in exfat to fat32 without damaging phone
android OS and  SdCard
                                 *-kindly tell me commands for it*

In android Lolipop 5.1.1 file system (ext4) whats the block size
it use  to write or read on external sdcard  is it 512 bytes/ 4096
(4kB) /8096 (8KB) /512Kb /512bytes how to check  or it depends on
which  filesystem the sdcard is formatted with then  what block size
it writes individualy in filesystems  of  fat32, exfat, ntfs and
ext4

kindly tell me command  tools script or apps to check and confirm on
my device

In android lolipop 5.1.1 file system of ext4 APPS and FILES  how
it write means sequentially or randomly
         -kindly tell me command tools script or apps  to check and
          confirm on my device

is there method or any adb shell android Command or script or apps
of hardware info or bench marking apps through which we can check
test to  know  device mobiles external Sdcard *SLOTS/READER/CHIP/HARDWARE** optimum hardware compatibility :-
a) for type of device compatible microSD cards (SDHC / SDXC)
                 *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

b) Type of  file system supported  or mounted OR FORCED TO BE MOUNTED
  allowed/permitted  on externalsd card and can it be modified or changed
                          *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

c) maximum Practical capacity supported microSD in the device and can
  it be forcebly be  extended ie. 128gb or  more we can force by
  partitioning the card to multiple partitions or increasing the size
                          *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

d) UHS speed Class (UHSI UHS II) compatible
                         *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

e) Video Speed Class  (v10 v30 v60 V90) compatible
                         *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

f) App performance class (A1) compatible
                         *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

g) Maximum sequential read speed compatible (90 Mbps 100Mbps 170Mbps
    250MBps)
                         *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

h) minimum/Maximum sequential write speed compatible
                         *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

i) minimum/ Maximum random read/write  speed compatible
                              - kindly tell me commands for testing it
for  suggestions  I have pre-tested through androbench app
a)  internal memory of my device through writing 64Mb file  to /data/
   (ext4 partition mounted)  (64Mb file used for testing)
sequential  read 128 MB/s

sequential write 12 MB/s

random read 10.93 Mb/s  2800.4 IOPS (4KB)

random write 3.9 Mb p/s  996.31 IOPS (4KB)

is there any restriction in device or android should we need to match
externalsd speed performance with internal sd  as we have     we can use
external sdcard as internal either by swapping/adoptable /linking  or it
will work in more or less performance to
b) External memory of HP SHDHC Class 10 16GB (still i want to switch over to
high capacity card) of my device through writing 64Mb file  /external_sd/
(fat32  partition mounted)(64 MB File)
sequential  read 35.56 MB/s (printed 95MB/s)

sequential write 8.6 MB/s

random read 4.36 Mb/s  1117.58 IOPS (4KB)

random write 0.53 Mb p/s  136.38 IOPS (4KB)

Hp printed  95MB/s  but result is 35.5MB/s now its  device result,fat32
file system result  or sdcard  performance result don't know how to
differentiate  it .
                    *- kindly tell me commands for testing it*

how to find device external mircro sdcard slot/chip/hardware/reader speed and other  information asked above

Your device is very old, which most likely means that it does not have exfat support.
Compatibility should not be a problem, as every card and reader are usually compatible with each other, as long as SDXC cards are supported by your device.
And for adoptable storage the bulk transfer speed is not that important (as long as you don't record videos or often copy/download large files). I would focus on A1/A2 rating which is designed to measure application usage (randomly reading/writing a number of small files).
I would also focus on reliability because if the sd-card dies all data on your device will be non-accessible/gone.
Anyway in your old device the sd-card will not work very fast. Even in modern devices the sd-card reader is not able to make use of the modern very fast transfer modes.
In general the micro-sd card is way slower (independent what card you use) than the internal flash, because the integrated card reader is slow.

in brief  how can we check test and see  the integrated card reader specification of the devices through any app benchmarking tool or any command

how can we precheck  reliability of Externalsd card. and integrated card reader

@Androidquery SD-card reader capabilities: read the technical specification of the phone and if you don't find there something on the reader you can't (only guess it from the transfer speed you measure). Anyway just assume the worst so you don't get disappointed. Also the reliability can't be really checked. Buy branded product of a brand that also produces flash memory (like e.g. SanDisk, Samsung, ..). And make sure to check if you did not bought a forged product (test the disk using h2testw or a similar tool if it really has the claimed capacity).

robert as a2 feature is available with  UHSII or UHSIII cards integrated reader detect  (on low speed low performance ) or not because they are expensive and if  dosnt get detected even then it will be wastage  on old phones as  some site i readed  that it needs some special voltage of 3.99 thats what i want to know that if purchase some card and later on it didnt detetcted then it will be problem

currently no known UHS-II smartphones or tablets. the Galaxy S10 is UHS-I only. you are fine with any Class 10 SDXC