text:
Android ePos caller ID app help!
Hi basically I have a new ePos system at my shop, they have a feature where it automatically inputs the callers number into the system to bring up their ‘profile’ from previous orders they’ve made.
However their caller ID app runs from Android phones and obviously we use landline phones.
I just wondered if anyone knows a way to have the android app triggered by a landline phone without having to do call forwarding? The invoxia VoiceBridge would have been perfect but of course they have discontinued it.
I just want a cell phone to receive a call alongside the landline phone.
Thanks!

In a lot of countries landline phones are are more and more converted into (DSL) internet connections with VoIP phones. If your landline connection is already using those techniques you could install a VoIP app on your phone and connect it via Wifi to the internet connection. Then you just have to enter the VoIP credentials of your telephone number from the landline into the VoIP client. Or use a router that handles the VoIP connection but let local analog/DECT and Smartphones connect and use the VoIP feature.

So I’d get a VoIP line and phone in then install the VoIP app on my smartphone or the landline phone?

Typically the router is the VoIP end point and the old phone is connected to the router + the VoIP client on the smartphone, too.


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How do I get from a Google AMP page to that actual webpage in Chrome?
I don't want to disable AMP completely, but if I'm on an AMP page sometimes I want to get to the original webpage. There used to be a link to get there but that seems to be gone now. How do I get to the original web page?

See https://www.pcmag.com/how-to/how-to-find-non-google-amp-web-pages

Click on this link icon to get to the original webpage:

Some AMP pages show the link to go the original source (example)
, while others don't. I am not sure why this happens.

I couldn't find any flags (chrome://flags/)
that forces AMP pages to show the link (on a PC, this seems to do the trick) . But Chrome in desktop worked for me :

If the AMP page appears in a Google search, changing to desktop mode removes the AMP pages as you can see by the missing lightning bolt icons that represent AMP pages. See this search in mobile and desktop modes.

If you are already on the AMP page change it to desktop mode. You can test with the link in first bullet point.

I read about this in some blog, which I can't find now to link. It attributed to desktop mode overriding AMP, since AMP is basically for mobile version (Accelerated Mobile Page).

Did this fix your problem or I wonder if some AMP sites don't respect this method. Curious

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/

sort: votes


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phone is on recovery mode , usb debugging is disable and power button is not working ? how to on or format the phone (samsung j7 2016)
i have samsung j7 2016 when i take out the battery and put it back it on without pressing power button and directly takes me to the recovery and I cant select anything because my power button not working plus my USB debugging is disabled

buy JIG dongle to awake device in download mode (or hold the proper key combo while inserting battery) https://android.stackexchange.com/q/221365

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/


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Is it possible to fix Samsung XCover Pro lock/unlock?
The Samsung XCover Pro advertises a large XCover and Top keys that can be used to wake the device and launch apps with one press. Both have a setting called "Use while screen locked". With that setting enabled, and a PIN and/or fingerprint enabled to unlock the screen, I am unable to wake the device or launch apps from a locked screen as advertised. If the screen is off, pressing the buttons does nothing at all. If the screen is on, I have to enter my PIN first before any app will open, including apps that shouldn't need a PIN, like the camera. Even turning on the screen is a pain. There are two options: 1) Find the impossibly small, recessed wake button on the side, and press it, or 2) Enable "Lift to wake", which makes the phone think you are constantly scanning an invalid fingerprint, so the screen stays on, draining the battery and automatically disabling biometric unlocking.
I just want my Samsung XCover Pro to work as advertised. Has anyone found a solution to this?


text:
Would using a VPN, different browser and XprivacyLua prevent a website from remembering me?
Let's say I registered at a website using Google Chrome on my phone, then later on I used a VPN and Firefox restricted through XprivacyLua to access the same website. Would it be able to know that it was me (my) device that accessed it previously? If so, how can I prevent it?
Android 7 | Rooted

Which website you are talking about? What methods it use to track you (e.g. cookies, tracker scripts, HTTP referrers, user agent info and a long list of fingerprinting parameters, see here)? What purpose your VPN serves except hiding your public IP? Is it really hiding your public IP (see this and this)? What information are you hiding using XPrivacyLua (and from whom)?

Afaik clearing cookies on your local machine should make the site "forget" you, however modern spyware is widespread and very intelligent. For instance fingerprinting is unique to your device and browser so perhaps changing browsers could help, but an opensource browser like brave which offers fingerprinting protection by default would be your best choice both for convenience and security. If the site logs your IP though, you will have to use a VPN and ensure that you have different IP's each time you connect to that site.

VPN and XprivacyLua don't have an (or not much) impact on browser fingerprinting. For that the used web browser is more important. See for example this explanation: https://restoreprivacy.com/browser-fingerprinting/ But I am not sure if Firefox for Android is really good in anti-fingerprinting measures. The Windows version of Firefox totally failed in preventing browser fingerprinting (read in the biggest German tech magazine c't).

@IrfanLatif "Which website you are talking about?" Banks for example. "What methods it use to track you?" I don't know since I can't ask every website I visit, and expect a reply. So let's just assume "every way". "What purpose your VPN serves except hiding your public IP?" Can it serve another purpose? "Is it really hiding your public IP (see this and this)?" I checked and it seems to be hiding it. "What information are you hiding using XPrivacyLua (and from whom)?" https://imgur.com/a/FnIneUv. From the browser.

@JJrussel the point of my comment is that there are a number of factors which decide what unique information about your device and OS is exposed to the internet. I don't think anyone can give a simple realistic answer to your question. The best way to is perform some online browser tests after taking any measures you think are important. Tests show what information about you is visible to the internet.

@IrfanLatif Which tests would you recommend?

The one I linked in my first comment is an example. You can find many online.


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How to extract a raw apk out of installed application?(Raw for reverse eng purpose)
So I developed an application but my hard drive failed and I lost access to project resources, but I had it previously installed on my phone through android studio debugging process.
Now I want to extract a raw apk version out of my phone, Is there any way?
NOTE that any regular apk extraction through Google Play applications outputs a ~700kb apk of my project that lacks resources and cant be reversed, while it has to be ~4.4mb.

On Stackoverflow this question has been answered several times: https://stackoverflow.com/q/43342330/150978 Note that `adb shell pm path  may list multiple APK files if the app is a split APK file. Then you need all of them.

@Robert thanks for your answer Robert, my bad. shall i remove this one?

You can just leave the question as it is - in the end it is a valid question and it is on-topic. May be some one other encounters it and gets directed to the answer.


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How do I get full feature list of Wear OS?
I'm developing a custom version of Android system for a 'Android smart glass' device. I'm trying  to customize a new version of Android ROM that suits this type of wearable device.
Needs features such as bluetooth/wifi direct connection, power saving mode, etc.
After researching the Android community, I find Wear OS suits most of my needs. However, I can't get a full feature set of Wear OS.
How do I get a in-depth analysis or something like full featureset of Wear OS?


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Recently deleted my AVD and did not get back the 8 GB it took up?
I haven't used Android Studio in a few months so I went ahead and deleted my AVD and system image from the tools menu inside Android Studio. The image deleted fine, however I notice that while the AVD was gone, I did not get back the ~8 GB it took up. I also see that my pagefile.sys has grown to roughly the same size.
Is this due to the AVD using this as virtual memory and not reallocating it back to my hard drive after deletion? I can manually go into settings and change my pagefile.sys size but I want to make sure that this was a result of the AVD initial install before I mess around with my partitions. I vaguely remember Android Studio asking about RAM allocation for optimal AVD performance during the initial install.

pagefile.sys size is automatically determined by the OS. It seems that your system does not have sufficient RAM and therefore starting the Android emulator increased the pagefile.sys size. Android Studio respectively AVD don't have an direct influence on the pagefile size, this was just because your system lacks physical RAM. For working with Android studio + emulator you should have a minimum of 8GB RAM better 16. You can manually set the page file size in Windows system settings to a smaller value and afterwards back to "auto" to shrink it.


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Applications on Android are not using Certificate Pinning
I'm doing a study for university and part of this study is to gather a group of android applications and check which of these applications use Cert Pinning. I am doing this by using fiddler as a proxy(I have also download fiddler certificate on my Android Phone) the applications which work normally do not have certificate pinning while the others who stop working do have certificate pinning.
The problem is that all the applications are working normally, this include applications such as youtube, gmail, play store. This means I can capture the traffic on Fiddler from these apps. My friend tried this as well on a more modern Android device and he is not able to capture any traffic from the mentioned apps and also from other apps which most probably have cert pinning. However I am able to capture from most applications ( but not from facebook, instagram and tiktok).
Does this have to do with my Android version, I have android 5.1.1. Does anyone have an idea what is the causing this, and if there's a way to enable certificate pinning ?
TIA

You are lucky, because of your very old Android version you have at least some apps that work. Starting with Android 6 the certificate you installed is useless as apps ignore it by default. If you want to bypass certificate pinning try Xposed + TrustMeAlready plugin or Frida/Objection (both require a rooted device). For more details please read https://stackoverflow.com/q/57568571/150978

At this stage I am not trying to bypass certificate pinning, I know how to do that with objection and frida. My issue is that I want to analyze which apps use certificate pinning or not, but having that all apps are working I cannot do this. But I guess you still answered my question, If I update to a more modern  Android version this will not happen.

Also kindly note to use objection and Frida there is no need to root the phone. Just use objection and frida gadget.


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How do I remove the change keyboard button in android 11?
I keep hitting it instead of the spacebar and I want to remove it from the keyboard if I can. Circled in the photo.

This looks like the standard GBoard keyboard. As Android allows you to install other keyboard apps you can search for a keyboard that has a different layout.


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Is there a "recycle bin" option in EMUI 9.1.0?
I have deleted 47G worth of photos and no space has freed up. I have a Huawei Honor 9 (STF-AL10) EMUI 9.1.0 phone that I bought in China. What do I need to do in order to claim back that space that is still for someone reason occupied by my deleted photos?
Thank you.

Which app did you use to delete photos? Unlike other OS's trash/recycle bin would be separate for each app. If it is a Gallery app, look for something  called trash or deleted. Same goes for default file manager. Other option is to use an app called Diskusage. It would scan your internal storage and show a hierarchal view of what is taking most space.

May help: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/216132/218526

I used the HiSuite on my PC.


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How can I search for a specific word in an email thread in Gmail for Android?
I have opened an email thread (aka conversation) in Gmail  for Android. I would like to search a string (e.g., word or phrase).
How can I search for a specific word in an email thread in Gmail for Android?

the easiest and simplest workaround is to open the email thread in Chrome and search from there.  Not exactly an answer but is a workaround.

@William thank you, yes another workaround is print all as PDF.


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I want to advertise, but I don't want to publicize my personal#...unsure what options are available? (android handset Tracfone service)
My understanding is there are options to advertise with a # that is-not my personal#, without getting a new cell-plan or new device.  What I don't know is whether I should be looking carrier-side, or android/handset side (I just swapped from a nearly-decade-long flip phone stubbornness just a couple weeks ago ;P )
Thank you for options to use "781 - 784 - 7707", or some randomly-generated #, to ring my personal handset as if the person really dialed my real number "123 456 7890" -- I know there are probably myriad options so any answer is appreciated, looking less for companies and more for what the landscape is for this (does VOIP come into play? Does it matter if I'm part of the futile crowd trying to 'limit google use on their android'? Have heard you can "play" google-voice to do call-forwarding for free, but imagine all calls are indefinitely stored...wouldn't really care, so long as it were reliable that I never miss a call to the business number, cannot afford it!!

This is a bit unclear: Do you want to place ads on other people devices but not include your number – or are you rather asking to see ads without revealing who you are? And what does this have to do with Google Voice forwarding calls?

You question is a bit confuse. Are you talking about making a call with or without sending your own phone number (e.g. temporary suppress number sending via #31#).

No I simply want to advertise, but NOT reveal my actual phone number.  So I need to get a new number(not a new service), that forwards to my handset (as-if the person had dialed my real number)  I believe "business number" and "vanity number" may be what it's called but am having trouble understanding what the options are... Just wanna advertise, without putting my personal number - I know there's ways of getting & using a "forwarding vanity number" so I can obscure/hide my phone#, but still post adverts with the vanity # that will ring my handset :)

Google Voice was the only free service for getting a "new phone #", that - when someone calls it - would ring my cellphone.  I control it from my google-account, it works quite well but not well enough for me for primary business # (will still keep & use it as backup/for certain use)
Also there's plenty of app-based ways of getting a 2nd number, but google voice is the only free one.


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Android Recovery is loaded instead of TWRP after flashing TWRP with Odin
There was this question here the solution to which was to boot into TWRP before booting android, so that TWRP isn't replaced by Android Recovery. I can press UP+Home+Power and go into recovery - I've not had an issue with that. But the trouble is that rather than showing TWRP it shows an android logo and it says it "updates the system" and then what comes up is Android Recovery instead of TWRP.
I'm using samsung's SM-g532g (galaxy j2 prime). It does not have an official TWRP apparently, so I'm trying the TWRP that this site suggested. I've tried it many ways: I've booted into recovery right after flashing TWRP, removed and replugged the battery and then booted into recovery, etc.

apparently TWRP is still replaced with stock recovery, or partition isn't covered by bootloader at all. you might flash some kernel fix to enable recovery from partition instead from ramdisk. see example extract_elf_ramdisk for Sony Xperia XZ1 Compact https://android.stackexchange.com/q/230682

btw this is first samsung device with mediatek chipset i have ever seen, can you confirm it is not exynos or qualcomm? on mediatek devices you can use SP Flash Tool

@alecxs I think it is mediatek... Is using SP Flash Tool safe? I'm trying to backup my app data... Does SP Flash Tool wipe that data? I'm new to rooting, but I know Odin at least keeps that data safe.

SP Flash Tool is not safe, that's why the first thing you should do is full ROM dump and create your own scatter file based on current partition layout. for this i recommend 2nd Tool WwR MTK https://android.stackexchange.com/q/203283 https://android.stackexchange.com/q/220584

regarding your doubts, once you have scatter file you can flash (or read back) each single partition on it's own. that will allow you to patch boot.img with Magisk Manager (no TWRP needed)

@alecxs But patching boot.img means my device then wipes data, right? I don't want to lose my data...

https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/sp-flash-tool-tutorial-to-install-twrp-custom-recovery-in-lenovo-k3-note.3346041/ also says that Android 6.0.1 Marshmallow needs a patched boot image for flashing custom recoveries with SP Flash Tool (and I think with Odin too).

@alecxs I think I would ask a silly question :) Do I have to unlock the bootloader in the process?

sure, as for all modifications. but on ancient samsung devices this is already done by toggle OEM unlocking in developer options, afaik no extra unlocking step required (no vaultkeeper)

if SP Flash Tool is too complicated try mtk-su bootless root method (risky on locked bootloader)

My device has dm-verity, does mtk-su work safely in this case? The link https://forum.xda-developers.com/t/amazing-temp-root-for-mediatek-armv8-2020-08-24.3922213/ says:  WARNING If you have a device with Android 6 or higher, it likely has dm-verity enabled. On such a device one does not simply remount the system partition as read/write. The remount command will probably fail. But if you succeed in forcing it somehow it will trigger dm-verity, which will result in a very bad day. Your device will become inoperable until you restore the stock system partition.

magisk will by-pass dm-verity so flashing magisk_patched.img from mtk-su will work. also magisk is systemless-root (and afaik bootless-root has additional protections against modifying system)


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How to reenable the old android google translate feature to translate everything on screen?
Few years ago on my android was possible keeping pressed the home button, to activate a feature that would allow to translate everything on screen. Unfortunately in a subsequent update google decided to replace that awesome functionality with the useless google assistant. Do you know how I can do to get that back? I know it is possible to update screenshots but that it is a way more cumbersome process.

Note: this feature was available 5 years ago in Now on Tap (when Google Assistant was still Google Now).


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How can I enforce Google SafeSearch on Firefox/Chrome?
I'd like to enforce Google SafeSearch on Firefox/Chrome on Android.
Is there any way to do it? For example, if I enable it and then switch to Incognito/Private mode the setting will disappear.
For desktop, there are extensions which enforce safesearch for google. I'd like to have the same behavior on Android.


text:
How may I modify my root filesystem, which is mounted from /dev/block/dm-0, in order to create a mount point or symlink at /usr, on Android 11?
I need a writable /usr directory to run Gentoo Prefix. I suppose that it can be either a symlink to somewhere else or a mount point for further mounting.
Information collected so far:

Since Android 10, remount rw no longer works with root fs.
Device dm-0 is read-only.

Does this answer your question? Can't remove bloatware after rooted

Do not modify system on systemless-root method. use magisk module bind mount overlay instead


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Lock computer USB connection
I'm looking for a way to lock computer USB connection with anther password then the regular lock screen password... (or ether disable the usb connection completely without broke the usb port)
There is an app on the play store that called:
Smart AppLock (App Protector) https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.sp.protector.free
It has the so-called option "USB Connection Lock", but it isn't working...
Some one told me that i need an app or a way that detects whether com.android.settings/.Settings$UsbDetailsActivity
activity is in the foreground or not. If in foreground, than create an overlay or a new activity on top of it which would act as a password lock
but how can i do that?

Why is lock screen password not adequate? Dual lock would achieve nothing. If a person besides you knows lock screen password than they defacto have internal storage data access and app installation privileges.

No, it for a person that doesn't know the lock screen password, and he can't do a simple factory rest... because i have a TWRP recovery mode with password also.  and he is trying to hack my phone with Usb Connection... so i'm searching for a way to block and Usb connection, even myself to block him. and i want just the battery to work with the usb cable, but never a file transfer or something like that... I don't use the Usb port for anything but charging (sorry for my lame english...)

You can set the default USB mode to charging only. Check the Developer Options there it should be configurable.


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Getting devices with custom system app
So, I am looking into getting devices with a custom app pre-installed from factory on the system image in a "device as a service" scenario. I am specifically interested in the app having system privileges without rooting the device. From some initial research, I believe solutions like Knox (MDMs) would not be able to cover this. What kind of solution would this be? What is the correct industry terminology here?

The device manufacturer will welcome you if you are a mobile network provider or another bigger company with 30k+ customers and may be order a few thousand branded devices for a lot of money.

@Robert, So what I'm really looking for at this point is custom device manufacturing?


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Android seems to be overriding my Messnger Lite app
I am not tech savvy so am hoping someone can help and in a way I can understand. I was trying to free up some space on my phone and moved a bunch of files on my phone to the SD card I have in it. Since doing that I cannot control the notification sound for my Messenger Lite app I have installed. When I get a message and receive the popup notification on my phone from that app, the little popup box with still say Messenger Lite at the top, but instead of seeing the little icon associated with that app, it shows the Android robot symbol. I am just hoping by including that bit of info it will help pinpoint the issue. The best way to describe it is that Android is overriding that app. It won't let me set any custom sound for the app, not even ones that came preinstalled on my phone. I know I somehow combined files or must have somehow overwritten a file when transferring them to my SD card. I tried uninstalling and reinstalling the Messenger Lite app, but that didn't fix it. Can anyone help?

I would assume that the Android robot symbol is a place holder which is displayed if the original icon can not be loaded.

I have similar problem. Notify icon is a robot, but I can change the sound of notification. What's is your android ROM? My is lineage os 16
For notify sound change I am using this Google app. https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.soundpicker


text:
GPS turns on every time WiFi network is changed
Whenever i change WiFi network, GPS just keeps turning on. I turned off GPS and change system settings permissions for every app, but it still keeps happening. Recent location requests shows that no apps have used that permission. Turning off google's find my phone also doesn't help. What is going on?
Device: Samsung Galaxy s10

Check the advanced location settings regarding if "Google Location Accuracy" is activated.

You can try to go to Settings -> Connections -> Wi-Fi -> Three-Dots-Menu -> Advanced -> Turn on Wifi automatically -> turn this setting off.
It seems like some devices claim access to GPS in order to find the available WiFi networks if this setting is activated.

Yeah, this is literally how High Accuracy Location Reporting works, by using a combination of GPS and WiFi. Most apps are making a call to Google Location services to get this which uses the WiFi and GPS to get a more accurate location than GPS alone, not the app itself which is doing it, it is just making a location request to the system. That doesn't mean the app can't see your available WiFi networks, because it can (otherwise WiFi scanner apps wouldn't work) but most are not looking at the WiFi itself.

No, that doesn't solve the issue.


text:
Mysterious and whimsical selection of ringtones recognized by clock as alarms
I have a Samsung Galaxy Tab A with S pen. I am trying to add additional alarm sounds to the list used by the native alarm clock app provided by Samsung, as these lack personality and often fail to wake me. I copied all the ringtones from my phone to Dropbox, and then exported them to the Ringtones folder with the Dropbox export feature.
Of the sixty-odd ringtones so exported, exactly four appeared in the alarm clock list of available sounds. I can discern no pattern in the ringtones so appearing. All 60 are all of the same file type, .mp3s. They are not especially long or short, nor large or small. They are neither clustered together under any file sort view nor evenly spaced. I have played all the files with six different player apps, all such apps that I have installed. With one exception, every app played all the files without difficulty.
The exception is the Sound Picker, invoked via the plus sign at the top of the clock's list of alarm sounds. The Sound Picker shows the four ringtones the clock sees, and four more, again with no obvious pattern; also a bunch of short snippets of some lecture that I do not recognize. The sound picker allows me to add exactly one of these new sounds to the clock's list. Adding another removes the one previously added.
I am completely befuddled by this and have no idea how to proceed further. Any insight or diagnostic suggestions welcome.

IDK what causes this but solution here may help

Thanks @beeshyams! I have used ringtone maker apps in the past, but this one is much easier to use.  I found, through no insight of my own, a mysterious solution to my mysterious problem. My ringtones appeared in the new location at a rate of one per several hours. Three days later they were all there. Why so slow? No idea. No visable reformatting of the files.

I found, through no insight of my own, a mysterious solution to my mysterious problem. My ringtones appeared in the new location at a rate of one per several hours. Three days later they were all there. Why so slow? No idea. There was no visable reformatting of the files.


text:
I rooted my phone but my root is saying "binary reserved" as the app was uninstalled, causing me to be unable to reroot or unroot
I rooted my phone but my root is saying "binary reserved" as the app was uninstalled, causing me to be unable to reroot or unroot, I can't do anything when it comes to rooting. My phone is rooted but the superuser was deleted by accident and i tried to reinstall it, it installed successfully but my phone is still not giving me the option to allow an app to run with su permissions. I tried flashing odin and odin is not working, twrp, and supersu. I'm scared to flash any other root methods because I rooted my phone and the only app that stopped working was Google Chrome. I don't want to lose access to my apps, I was trying to back up but stupid ODIN won't let me flash TWRP or CWM recovery to my phone. My phone is a Galaxy S4 (SGH-I337).

And I used Kingoroot and that worked but I was trying to get SuperSU installed the one that has all features but it didn't work out well. Now I tried Magisk which I am certain would work without losing any data. I'm starting to give up on this eight year old phone.

once used kingoroot your device is contaminated and the only way to fix is flash stock ROM and factory reset. start from scratch and do not use one-click-routing apps. for old samsung devices use cf-auto-root trusted source only


text:
How to delete from device(s) all pictures already deleted in google photo?
I always shoot lots of pictures, and then delete the "bad" ones.
I've been deleting them with Google Photo for years, assuming that the deleted files were deleted from the device memory too.  They are not.  Google photo does not show them nor keep them in the cloud, but all (good&bad) picture files are still there, in the device memory stick.
Deleting is hard work!  I don't wanna redo it again picture by picture...
I need an automatic way to tell Google Photo to identify all pictures previously deleted in the cloud, and delete them in my device(s) too.
Needless to say, google help does not help.
E.g. Google Photo has a button "Free up XXX MB" that does the opposite of what I want: it promises to purge all pictures that are already safely backed up in the cloud.  I.e. those I want to keep in my device too...!
The only way around I could figure out so far is to delete all pictures from my device(s), and then download the good ones back from the cloud.  This looks quite risky and cumbersome.  Anybody has a cooler idea how to proceed?


text:
Formatted my sd card as internal storage in my Xiamoi phone. but still getting no enough space message when installing apps
I have a Xiamoi note 8 phone running android 9. It has 32gb internal storage and I used most of it, so I decided to buy an sd card to use as internal storage.
I went in settings chose the format as internal storage option. It then asked me to move data to the new internal storage, I clicked yes then after it finished I restarted my phone and It still was giving the low on storage message.
when I open the file manager it shows the phone's data split evenly between the sd card and the storage.
when I open the settings and go to storage it only shows the phone's original 32gb.
I searched a lot but couldn't find a solid solution for this problem.

How to free Internal Storage by moving data or using symlink / bind-mount with Adoptable Storage?

https://android.stackexchange.com/a/43522


text:
How to use -user argument to android backup utility bu sucessfully
I would like to restore an android backup to a secondary user. If I run from adb shell bu help, I see this output:
sunfish:/ $ bu help
 backup [-user USER_ID] [-f FILE] [-apk|-noapk] [-obb|-noobb] [-shared|-noshared]
        [-all] [-system|-nosystem] [-keyvalue|-nokeyvalue] [PACKAGE...]
     write an archive of the device's data to FILE [default=backup.adb]
     package list optional if -all/-shared are supplied
     -user: user ID for which to perform the operation (default - system user)
     -apk/-noapk: do/don't back up .apk files (default -noapk)
     -obb/-noobb: do/don't back up .obb files (default -noobb)
     -shared|-noshared: do/don't back up shared storage (default -noshared)
     -all: back up all installed applications
     -system|-nosystem: include system apps in -all (default -system)
     -keyvalue|-nokeyvalue: include apps that perform key/value backups.
         (default -nokeyvalue)
 restore [-user USER_ID] FILE       restore device contents from FILE
     -user: user ID for which to perform the operation (default - system user)

However, after uploading the backup file to the Owner profile (because I can not get an adb shell in any other profile), I run bu restore -user <uid> <backup file> but restore never succeeds.
First, I tried while logged in to the secondary user, but no backup confirmation UI shows and the restore operation times out. Here's relevant adb logs:
03-14 17:58:29.286 11753 11753 D AndroidRuntime: Calling main entry com.android.commands.bu.Backup
03-14 17:58:29.288 11753 11753 D bu      : Beginning: restore
03-14 17:58:29.289  1493  1731 I BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Beginning restore...
03-14 17:58:29.289  1493  1731 D BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Starting restore confirmation UI, token=30388736403-14 17:58:29.289  1493  1731 I ActivityTaskManager: START u0 {act=fullrest flg=0x20000000 cmp=com.android.backupconfirm/.BackupRestoreConfirmation (has extras)} from uid 1000
03-14 17:58:29.289  1493  1731 W ActivityTaskManager: startActivity called from non-Activity context; forcing Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK for: Intent {act=fullrest flg=0x20800000 cmp=com.android.backupconfirm/.BackupRestoreConfirmation (has extras) }
03-14 17:58:29.293  1493  1731 D BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Waiting for restore completion...
03-14 17:59:29.388  1493 25093 I BackupManagerService: Full backup/restore timedout waiting for user confirmation
03-14 17:59:29.388  1493  1731 I BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] adb restore processing complete.
03-14 17:59:29.388 11753 11753 D bu      : Finished.

Second, I tried when logged in to the Owner profile. I get a confirmation prompt, but it also fails. Here's the adb logs:
03-14 18:00:39.448 11948 11948 D AndroidRuntime: Calling main entry com.android.commands.bu.Backup
03-14 18:00:39.450 11948 11948 D bu      : Beginning: restore
03-14 18:00:39.451  1493  2786 I BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Beginning restore...
03-14 18:00:39.451  1493  2786 D BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Starting restore confirmation UI, token=606614021
03-14 18:00:39.451  1493  2786 I ActivityTaskManager: START u0 {act=fullrest flg=0x20000000 cmp=com.android.backupconfirm/.BackupRestoreConfirmation (has extras)} from uid 1000
03-14 18:00:39.451  1493  2786 W ActivityTaskManager: startActivity called from non-Activity context; forcing Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK for: Intent { act=fullrest flg=0x20800000 cmp=com.android.backupconfirm/.BackupRestoreConfirmation (has extras) }
03-14 18:00:39.459  1493  1994 W ActivityTaskManager: Tried to set launchTime (0) < mLastActivityLaunchTime (22366588)
03-14 18:00:39.462  1493  2786 D BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] Waiting for restore completion...
03-14 18:00:39.572  1493  1757 I ActivityTaskManager: Displayed com.android.backupconfirm/.BackupRestoreConfirmation: +112ms
03-14 18:00:43.431  1493  5565 D BackupManagerService: [UserID:0] acknowledgeAdbBackupOrRestore : token=606614021 allow=true
03-14 18:00:43.432  1493  5565 W BackupManagerService: [UserID:0] Attempted to ack full backup/restore with invalid token
03-14 18:00:46.213  1493  2063 D InputDispatcher: Waiting to send key to Window{200410c u0 com.android.backupconfirm/com.android.backupconfirm.BackupRestoreConfirmation} because there are unprocessed events that may cause focus to change
03-14 18:01:39.563  1493 25093 I BackupManagerService: Full backup/restore timed out waiting for user confirmation
03-14 18:01:39.563  1493  2786 I BackupManagerService: [UserID:11] adb restore processing complete.
03-14 18:01:39.564 11948 11948 D bu      : Finished.

An acceptable answer includes details steps taken to get the restore to succeed for the secondary user. This should work on stock android. I prefer android 11, but I'll accept any version as that would indicate that it did work at one time.

have you tried adb restore?

Yes, and it appears that adb restore does not accept the -user argument. It just hangs, iirc. Does it work for you?


text:
Impossible to set a new SD card as adoptable after successfully using the first card as adoptable
I have successfully expanded the internal storage of the phone with an sd card using the "sm partition DISK mixed" command in adb:
mido:/ $ sm list-disks
disk:179,96

mido:/ $ sm partition disk:179,96 mixed 50
mido:/ $ sm list-volumes
private:179,99 mounted 0e05b528-c814-4078-b7ef-1a0f95260531
private mounted null
public:179,97 mounted F227-1806
emulated mounted null
emulated:179,99 unmounted null

My phone is Xiaomi Redmi Note 4x MIUI Global 11.0.2 (android 7.0). Sd card used: Kingston 8GB MicroSDHC class 4.
I successfully used this mode for a while (transferred applications to sd) until I saw that class 4 memory cards are really very slow and bought a new class 10 memory card: Smartbuy microSDHC 64gb class 10.
And here, unfortunately, it was not possible to expand the internal memory with the new SD. Before using new SD card I undo adoptable storage on the 1st SD-card: "sm partition disk:xxxxx public" and also formated it using “Settings” -> “Storage” -> “SD card” -> ”ERASE SD-card". As I saw after these steps, the phone stopped distinguishing the SD card as adoptable.
Then I inserted the second SD card into the phone and started converting it into adoptable:
mido:/ $ sm list-disks
disk:179,64

mido:/ $ sm partition disk:179,64 mixed 75

mido:/ $ sm list-volumes
private:179,67 unmountable null
private mounted null
public:179,65 mounted C1B0-1F00
emulated mounted null

We see that private volume is not set, unlike it was on the 1st card. Moving applications to the sd card does not work (the "change storage" button disappeared in the interface)
I tried to
mido:/ $ sm format private:179,67
mido:/ $ sm mount private:179,67
Error: java.lang.IllegalStateException: command '328 volume mount private:179,67 0 -1' failed with '400 328 Command failed'

The "set-force-adoptable: setting also failed, but the error code changed:
mido:/ $ sm set-force-adoptable true
mido:/ $ sm mount private:179,67
Error: java.lang.IllegalStateException: command '336 volume mount private:179,67 0 -1' failed with '400 336 Command failed'

How can it be that this procedure worked with one memory card, but did not work with another? Perhaps the phone still thinks that it works with the first SD card as adoptable, but how can I reverse this?
Thank you very much in advance for your help!

@alecxs I don't know where to begin to understand how to solve it and what exactly mean "unmountable null", google just returns loads of different similar but not exact problems. Please help. I tried to sm partition disk:179,64 private, but result is the same (there is one unmountable null volume). sm partition disk:179,64 private worked without errors

no clue. is it still working with old MicroSD Card?

@alecxs Yes, it is still sucessfully working with old microSD card but doen't want to work with 2 new cards.

just for testing purposes clone working card to new one


text:
What is the screen customization alternative for LineageOS?
If you ever used Resurrection Remix ROM you see in the Settings app there's a Customization part where you can make some tweaks like add some buttons on navbar or maybe add a extra home/return button in another part of the screen, etc, etc... My question is, what is the alternative available for LineageOS 16? I'm asking because it doesn't have any customization app by default  and I need one because the Home button of my cellphone is broken (hardware stuff, not software) and when I used RR I just added a new home button on the bottom of the screen. How can I do the same for LineageOS? Thanks in advance.

I assume Firelord wanted to type "EdXposed". EdXposed is more or less the successor of xposed. You can find it in the Magisk module repository.

See also the [tag:EdXposed] on this site which has questions on how to install on recent Android versions


text:
Tab A 10.1 Unknown pattern required after update
System update was recently completed. After the update, the tablet now requires a pattern to sign in but one has never been used on this device. It also requires a pattern to turn off or reset so a hard reset can't be performed.
I managed a soft rest (power + vol down) but that's only made things worse as now it's not logged in to a google or samsung account so remote erasures can't be done either.
It's also won't bring up any sort of 'forgot my pattern' dialog, it just keeps showing a 30 second timer after every 'wrong' attempt. Is this a known issue? How to I get around it? I'd prefer to save my data, but a complete factory reset is still an acceptable solution.

https://thedroidguy.com/how-to-fix-samsung-galaxy-note-9-is-unresponsive-after-software-update-1097991 seems it is not first time such things happen https://www.androidauthority.com/samsung-galaxy-s10-unlock-problem-1008100

seems it is still not solved yet. the funny "solution" is factory reset https://us.community.samsung.com/t5/Galaxy-S10/Phone-locked-after-last-update/td-p/730622/page/13 "Samsung now has a special team available through the support line able to assist in getting you into the phone. They can be reached by calling 800-726-7864 and using the IVR."


text:
Android: how to find application locking xtables?
I have Pixel Experience (Android 10) installed on my Redmi K20. + Magisk 21.4.
In terminal I enter command iptables -t mangle -L -n | grep TTL which throws Another app is currently holding the xtables lock. Perhaps you want to use the -w option?. How to find the this application? Or how to drop xtables lock?

/system/bin/iptables binary holds an advisory lock on /system/etc/xtables.lock file (which is usually /run/xtables.lock on normal Linux distros).
It's the native netd service which performs operations with NetFilter but on a rooted device normal apps (e.g. AFWall+) may also execute the binary to add or remove firewall rules.
Use the lslocks command to list all the system locks currently held and the applications holding them. Or read the /proc/locks file directly.
You should not try to drop a lock, instead (using iptables [-w|--wait] option) wait for the ongoing execution to end.

Hello! Thank you for answering. First problem is that -w option doesn't help. It just never unlocks no matter how much seconds I pass. second one is that lslocks is not present in system. Third, the inum of /etc/xtables.lock is not present in /proc/locks.

Then iptables or the executing app must be misbehaving. 2) Build it: https://github.com/karelzak/util-linux/blob/master/misc-utils/lslocks.c 3) Your iptables binary seems to be the culprit. Use a custom built. // I have both binaries for arm64 and I can share if needed.

Yes, share please.

https://www.androidfilehost.com/?fid=17248734326145737067, https://www.androidfilehost.com/?fid=17248734326145737068

Hello! Big thank. But it lslocks don't show any xtables locks. Does it means that it is not kernel lock?

@AndreyNelubin normally iptables won't take more than a few milliseconds to execute a command. So it's not very likely to run lslocks or cat /proc/locks within that very short period and see iptables holding a lock. As you've confirmed that both commands don't show that a lock is held on /system/etc/xtables.lock, that really means that a lock is not held. And that's why, as I already said, your iptables (or possibly some other related component) seems to be buggy. Can't be more specific unless I have the device in my hands.

Fair enough, thank you for explanations, I'll digg deeper


text:
Wifi Card / Mobile Hot Spot
I am learning about networking, specifically the data link to session layers. I have an extra android phone I have been learning with on various things, and I am at the point where the application framework layer is simply using other references to really 'do the work' of listening and handling wifi data. I am willing to code with android studio's NDK, or even use the uncompiled kernal code. However, I just need to know where should I look to see the inner workings of how android receives and handles wifi data?
I think what I would like to do as a test project is set up a 'mobile hot spot' that grabs wifi data and sends it to my router. Any help would be appreciated; thanks!

Hi, while we probably could help to answer the technical matter, take note that development questions are off-topic since Android Enthusiasts focuses on end-users or power-users (but not necessarily developers) solving their issues.


text:
How do I get the actual boot image file from a block device without padding?
I have 9.6mb file that after doing dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/block/mtdblock2 I write to mtdblock2. Before writing I have done a sha1sum on the file. I can use applypatch -c to check both size and sha but if I do a sha on the blockdevice it is of course different because of the space left on the device. If I copy the device I will get a 16mb image including that free space. Every where I read the suggestions are to use fdisk to get a count and then use the count option in dd. However, this does not work because the block and partition is the boot partition. How can I copy the original file, same size and sha, back off of the block device?

Not clear what you are asking. If you already know the size (9.6mb; is it 9.6MB or 9.6MiB?) just do dd if=/dev/block/mtdblock2 of=boot.img bs=9.6M count=1. bs=9.6M is 9.6*1024*1024 bytes. bs=9.6MB is 9.6*1000*1000 bytes. Use whatever applicable to your case.

you know what /dev/zero is? you destroyed boot already, no way to get back

@Irfan Latif - The file I have is 9.6mb but the file I'm trying to extract maybe and probably is a different size. It's proprietary and signed. I need the image file itself to get the sha1sum so that I can use applypatch on it.

So you are looking for boot.img format. See official documentation: https://source.android.com/devices/bootloader/boot-image-header and how magiskboot extracts boot.img: https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk/tree/master/native/jni/magiskboot. It's very device-specific.

I would indeed use dd, with one or more of the several options available to specify the length (amount) of data to copy; otherwise, as you have noticed, dd will read the entire contents of the device, which is not what you want.
Re the apparent problem of the block device being the boot partition, the usual solution is to boot from some other medium (perhaps a LiveCD) so that the device you want to read is not the boot device/partition and can be read without difficulty.  Before that, though, try sudo dd ... and see if running as root solves the problem without requiring more drastic measures.

Boot partition is read-only. It's loaded in memory only once by the bootloader. After that it's no more in use. And even if it is, reading a raw block device is always possible. 2) How would you boot an Android device from LiveCD or any other medium?

Taken literally, (1) is a little different than I'm used to on platforms I know better than Android, but still means OP should have no problem. Since he says he does*, I hypothesized that "maybe Android is different."
Too, Android runs on so many different devices that maybe OP's device can boot from CD --or maybe a thumbdrive if you prefer.  I've never seen anybody run a command-line shell, or dd, on Android before ; so, if he can do that, I can't assume anything is impossible.
Bottom line, I think my basic points still hold, as far as they go.

Just if you are interested to know in detail what I meant: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/220678/218526. Concepts of booloaders, boot partition and booting are entirely different on Android devices as compared to normal Linuxes or other OSes.


text:
Does the Samsung Galaxy A30 support HDMI and/or MHL?
Dad's phone is a Samsung Galaxy A30. We've got several TVs and monitors but none are smart TVs or capable of screencasting. But some have HDMI.
I have a USB C to HDMI adaptor that works with my M1 MacBook Air that I expected would work with the A30 too but it did not.
Most info about Samsung's HDMI / MHL support I can find is about how Samsung's older micro USB version was nonstandard, having a different number of pins. But there's a lot less info about the newer ones that have USB C.
I can find sites trying to sell aftermarket cables and adaptors for this phone but I don't trust them. So far none of the pages on the A30's specs I can find specifically state that HDMI or MHL is either supported or not supported, it's just not in the list.

No, as you can see from the site dedicated to listing MHL devices

Besides, OEMs won't neglect mentioning any point that can drive sales, so if it's not mentioned by them, it's safe to assume it doesn't

On devices with USB-C a DisplayPort Alt Mode is more likely than an HDMI Alt Mode. The latter was defined years after the Displayport version and is not much used. On Samsung devices search for the "Dex" mode to see which devices support an external display. For (wrireless) screen casting to dumb TVs you can use a Google Chromecast dongle.


text:
Experiencing problem with S6 Memo, with memos self duplicating by the hundreds. How do I stop the duplications?
Experiencing problem with S6 Memo, with memos self duplicating by the hundreds.  How do I stop the duplications and is there an efficient to delete the duplicates ?

I personally don't recommend using Samsung's Memo app at all unless they have improved it since I tested it.  When I tested it, Samsung's Memo app had no export functionality.


text:
Android internals: Hide apps from launcher
Android TV box does not show installed app. No matter what Launcher i try the app icon remain invisible. The app can opened from settings.
Is there a blacklist or some database where android does control this for every launcher?

https://softwarerecs.stackexchange.com/q/78465

Related/possible dupe? Sideload non-'Android TV' app to show on the home screen which is related to android.intent.category.LEANBACK_LAUNCHER.

@AndrewT. built shortcut with Launcher Builder - unfortunately even this apk is not visible in app drawer. tried different launchers like chainfire's sideload launcher. there must be something in the android core itself. btw the desired app is for android tv (double checked android.software.leanback in AndroidManifest.xml)


text:
How to add a word to the Voice Typing recognition list?
I need to frequently say the word "olivette". I added it to my keyboard dictionary. Voice Typing ALWAYS interprets it as "all of that". It doesn't learn from my correcting it.
A Google search reveals ways you USED to be able to add words to your phone's recognition list. Other services let you (e.g. dragon).
How do you do it on Android 8.0  and later? (I'm using a motorola z-play)

With Gboard, there's currently no option to add a word to the Voice Typing recognition list. That's indeed one upside of using Dragon.


text:
adb install-multiple fails with error: [INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK: Split null was defined multiple times]
I'm trying to install multiple .apk files to my Samsung Note 4, over adb. I'm able to install the same set of files individually using the 'install' command, but when I try to 'install-multiple' I get the following error:
adb: failed to finalize session
Failure [INSTALL_FAILED_INVALID_APK: Split null was defined multiple times]

All my own research on the error turns up issues relating to development, but nothing relating to simply installing some .apks. The actual files do not have any spaces or special characters in their names. When I run the command with tracing enabled, you can see that the command that is actually being executed after expansion is syntactically correct.
adb install-multiple /tmp/update_phone/*
+ adb install-multiple /tmp/update_phone/firefox.apk /tmp/update_phone/protonmail.apk /tmp/update_phone/protonvpn.apk /tmp/update_phone/whatsapp.apk

Any advice would be heartily appreciated!
Ubuntu 20.04 | adb version 1.0.39 | Samsung Galaxy Note 4 | Lineage OS 17.1

I think what you want to do is Batch install apks from computer to Android without actually touching my Android. adb install-multiple is for installing split APKs (single app, multiple APKs), not multiple different apps.

Thank you very much @AndrewT. The adb documentation doesn't make this clear at all, but now I know.


text:
How to change download manager
Everytime i try to download anything it uses the built in android download manager.There is no download manager option at default apps . Is there anyway to force the use of my download manager?
My device is Realme 7 and it runs android 10
My download manager is advanced download manager

When you mention "download anything", what app are you using to invoke the download action, a browser or specialized app? Possibly similar to How to intercept Chrome links with Advanced Download Manager?


text:
SMB/CIFS URL not working in Android browser. How to open SMB shared files and folders in Android browser
I'm sharing some folders and files from windows in my LAN. I can access the files using ES-explorer and X-plorer apps. What I want is to open the folder in browser using URL. All laptop browsers can open the folder. The URL is like (file://sarath-69/e/), but android browsers cant open. I tried this way too (file:///sarath-69/e/) and I tried replacing file to smb, like (smb://sarath-69/e/), (smb://192.168.0.111/e/), (smb://null:@192.168.0.111/e/), (\sarath-69\e). Nothing works. Please help to resolve it. Thanks in advance.

As far as I know none of the common web browsers include support for SMB/CIFS (on any platform). Even the FTP protocol is removed from more and more browsers. If you want to access files from a server run an HTTP(S) server on that server for providing the files. Or use an app that contains an Samba-client to copy files to your Android phone.

I was talking about SMB access. If you use file:// protocol then resolution of the path is forwarded to the OS, but Android has no built-in SMB support. Additionally file:// protocol  is disabled on Android web browsers for security reasons.


text:
How do I keep a messaging app in the foreground so that my status is always online even though I'm not using the app?
Let's say I'm using the messaging app and then switch over to another app, the messaging app will show that I'm not online, until I switch back to it bringing it to the foreground. I want my phone to always think that it is on the foreground so that I always show that I'm online. How can I achieve this?
Android 7 | Rooted

Not possible. You need to build a messaging app of your own (or hack the existing one) which runs a foreground service and fakes your online status.

What app can do that?

Sorry I'm not aware of. Normally the behavior you want doesn't make much sense. So I don't think any official messaging app/service would let you do that. That's why I said you need to build your own app provided that it's possible at all to integrate it with the backend messaging service.

What device model and manufacturer do you use? How the device handles apps in background is very different due to manufacturer implemented battery saving features. See also https://dontkillmyapp.com


text:
TWRP crashes when trying to wipe/install anything on Lenovo Vibe K5 Plus(a6020a46) and reboots to system
I rooted my Lenovo Vibe K5 Plus, installed Magisk,Arrow OS ver 10, opengapps pico and it was all going very well until I applied the recent update of Arrow OS with 5 Mar 2021 patch.
I downloaded the zip, booted to TWRP, selected Install and pointed to the ZIP file. Then I booted to system without clearing Dalvik/Cache. Then the problems started.
I would download files from the internet and brave would say download failed while the file would be present. However checksums wouldn't match when I checked in my pc.
The default Files app wouldn't be able to delete files.
However the rest of the system was fully functional, network stuff, bluetooth browsing everything worked.
Another strange issue was that no matter what system sounds wouldn't just work. Alarms, timers included. However going to youtube.com on brave would play audio just fine. My music app also worked perfectly. All notification sounds were set at maximum.
I first noticed this issue when trying to use Vanced Youtube which would crash whenever I tried to play a video.
Then today, I booted to TWRP, wiped all data and formatted storage. I then flashed ArrowOS latest version again, wiped Dalvik and booted to system, it started up normally and worked fine. So I decided to install Magisk(obviously) and booted into TWRP. When I tried it to install it though, TWRP crashed(I think) and booted to system. I tried it a few times and it happened every time. No errors were shown.
Thinking it was an issue with ArrowOS, I booted into recovery and selected wipe but TWRP again crashed and booted to system. So I decided to repair the filesystems.
I booted into TWRP, selected Wipe then Advanced Wipe. I selected System and then Repair filesystem.
I got an error.
/sbin/e2fsck -fp /dev/block/mmcblk0p23 process ended with error: 1
Unable to repair System

But when I tried with the Data partition, it worked fine. I then rebooted to recovery and tried to repair the system partition again and this time I got no error(strange since I did literally nothing different)
So anyways, I decided that ArrowOS was the culprit and I should switch to a different ROM, so I downloaded AOSP Extended, formatted everything on my phone from TWRP.
Then I installed Magisk (on a previous phone this had helped a lot, ie: installing Magisk before installing LineageOS, the custom ROM). It completed properly. I then rebooted to recovery, transferred the ZIP of AEX(hash verified btw) and installed it. It completed without any errors. I wiped Dalvik and booted to system.
The Magisk Manager is not present in the app menu.
I need Gapps so I transferred the OpenGapps zip to my phone from my PC(pico for android 10 ) and tried to install it from TWRP. TWRP crashed and booted into system.
OpenGapps are not present, magisk manager is not present and TWRP won't install anything, it will just crash and reboot to system.
I want to know if there are any software fixes I could try to apply before assuming that it is indeed a corrupted storage, the phone is about 5 years old at this point. I think that's what it may be but I want to be sure and would appreciate your views and suggestions.
What I have found scourging online -
This thread which I couldn't make any sense of.
This thread. I tried the fix, it gave no error but it isn't working for me either.
This thread but my device is not covered.
Any and all help is appreciated since this in my only working phone.

use older Magisk version. use recommended rooting method (no TWRP needed). use older TWRP version

but on ArrowOS page it is marked as "official" and that it was well maintained. Also when I went through the thread there seemed to be no complaints in recent times so I assumed that it was stable. I formatted everything, changed file system of /data to ext4 and then again to f2fs. Then I tried it all again but it didn't work. So I downloaded Orange Fox recovery which was still in beta state and i tried flashing the latest ROM(the one where all the problems started) and it worked perfectly fine. I haven't installed OpenGapps yet but the ROM+ Magisk is working fine.

This leads me to believe that perhaps it is some sort of TWRP bug but I can't understand just where the problem is because I didn't get any error while flashing the ROM. Beta Orange Fox actually did the job better than stable and officially maintained TWRP. I would appreciate it if you could tell me where I could have found logs for TWRP as I use TWRP in one of my other devices.

What custom ROM do you recommend? How is LineageOS, AOSP Extended? How do I know if a ROM's kernel has been tweaked?

Thanks for the reply, I too had considered getting older versions of TWRP but since I couldn't find it anywhere I just decided to use Orange Fox and get my work done. Where can I find old versions of TWRP? In their site under Lenovo Vibe K5 Plus I could locate only the latest version.

try Magisk-v21.4.zip from https://github.com/topjohnwu/Magisk/releases with twrp-3.4.0-0-A6020.img from https://twrp.me/lenovo/lenovoA6020.html

Thank you so much

I flashed the TWRP you suggested, booted into it, selected Wipe and flashed right. And TWRP crashed.

https://ufile.io/7or0zgfv   https://ufile.io/mv1jluc6   The recent logs of TWRP crashing when I try to wipe it.

go with OrangeFox if it works for you. or compare recovery.log with OrangeFox maybe you figure out reason. i can only see e2fsck mmcblk0p23 ended with ERROR: 1 but no reason. in dmesg there is avc denied for mtab, not sure if related

I have no clue about what you said. So I'll just use Orange Fox until someone else provides some clue. Any good sub-reddit where I can post this question?(apart from r/androidroot and r/androidquestions as I've already asked there)


text:
Backup of Music Playlists
I’m trying to make a backup of my music playlists, that I've created using the Samsung Music app on my Samsung Galaxy A6 (Andriod 10).
So far I’ve not been able to locate where these playlists are stored, and neither a way to extract them.
Most forum questions about this problem either hold old outdated answers, or none at all.
Does anyone know a way to extract Music Playlists (preferably as a text file)? Or by using some app for it?
Regards

I have been using Playlist Backup on older Androids, and it works well. It creates a text file for any playlist backedup and can be found in the "PlaylistBackup" directory. Please confirm if it works on newer phones.

I still don’t know where the files are stored, but for others with same wish for text file-backups, the app: "Playlist Manager" can do the job.
It basically has a "Share A Playlist" function which allows you to share in text format.

see my answer below, I found out where the exported playlist files are stored: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/247531/81963

"Manage Playlists"
in Settings of "Samsung Music" offers the ability to export and import playlists (text files, more details below).

The availability of this feature  seems to be dependent on the Android version. My old Samsung phone has Android 10, the new one has Android 12 (Android 13 now).
Both have the same Samsung Music App V 16.2.27.5 installed. Higher versions also have this functionality.
Only on the Android 12+13 phone I could find

Samsung Music: ... 》 Settings 》Manage Playlists 》Export My Playlists

and

Samsung Music: ... 》Settings 》Manage Playlists 》Import Playlists

Hint: Settings can be found in the three dots menu (...) on the upper right corner of the Samsung Music App.
The playlists are stored in *.m3uformat in the internal memory, directory Music. This is an editable text format.

How to backup / restore Playlists:

Use case I: New phoneI was able to transfer the playlists from the old to the new phone by using Samsung Smartswitch. Just ensure the music is on the target phone before running the Smartswitch (use TotalCommander with WiFi plugin etc to copy it). Also important: After copying, run Samsung Music App and give it the time to discover the music on your target phone. Then finally, run SmartSwitch on both phones to transfer apps + settings.

Use case II: Same phone, new SD cardRecently got a bigger micro SD card and transferred the files via PC using a card reader.
I figured out that you can back up all your playlists as described before.
Then, shutdown the smartphone and swap the SD cards (insert the new one with all the files in the same folders on it).
Boot the smartphone, then go to ... 》Settings 》Manage Playlists 》Import Playlists and import all playlists backed up to internal disc earlier.
After that you will see the old playlists with 0 files as well as new ones with the correct file references in it.
Seems the Music App fixes the card ID in the playlists when you import them on the fly.
You may now delete the old playlists with 0 files in them.

Note: In most cases this works fine, but I found that in a few cases the exported playlist cannot be reimported, possibly due to lame programming in the code of the music app. In those cases import ends up with an error (0 files imported).

This explains the built in tools to back up and restore playlists.

It also describes the folder used.


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Android 11 "raw/:storage/..." file paths
Hello Android community!
I am trying to recreate a way of putting a file on my emulator in a location, so that when picked it produces the following uri: "raw/:storage/..."
My challenge right now is I do not have a reproducible way of doing this. I have only gotten this raw uri once in my testing and can't anymore.
This is react native app, and we're using a forked version of image-crop-picker library.
Function: https://github.com/aarongrider/react-native-image-crop-picker/blob/master/android/src/main/java/com/reactnative/ivpusic/imagepicker/PickerModule.java#L369
This is the function that returns the uri of the selected file: https://github.com/aarongrider/react-native-image-crop-picker/blob/master/android/src/main/java/com/reactnative/ivpusic/imagepicker/PickerModule.java#L672
We're getting the following error from line 691 probably:

from calling the resolvePath which has a specific way of resolving the uri for Android API 19 and above: https://github.com/aarongrider/react-native-image-crop-picker/blob/master/android/src/main/java/com/reactnative/ivpusic/imagepicker/PickerModule.java#L546
I am a complete newbie with Android, and just need a consistent way of producing the raw/:storage/.. file uris. I appreciate any guidance provided here! Thanks :)

The only "raw" and "asset" things that I can think of are the raw/ and assets/ resource folders inside the APK though (refer to App resources overview)

@AndrewT. Here is a link to the Github issue: https://github.com/react-native-cameraroll/react-native-cameraroll/issues/244#issue-714741338 - this is basically an issue on Android API level 30 (Android 11 ? Android Q ?) Here is a PR that aims to solves this https://github.com/react-native-cameraroll/react-native-cameraroll/pull/271


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NFC tags to execute commands
I would like to know if there is such a possibility to create NFC tag and then use it to execute complex commands on a tablet, for example opening a specific application or changing a certain system setting.
Is this kind of project possible to accomplish?

On a tablet that has a custom app installed or on a generic tablet without any special app instaled?

Since this project starts from scratch there is no specific tablet system setup. I would like to know about both options and decide what will suit the most.

Try using an automation app, like Automate or Tasker.

I was asking because there is no choice. An NFC tag contains a simple number or the more advanced NFC tags can be written so that you can write an URL to it. But without a special app on the device the NFC tag can trigger nothing.

So if I understand, I must create an NFC tag that will trigger an application which will execute the commands?

There are several [tag:automation] apps available, some of them support NFC directly. Also see my list of NFC apps, which includes several matching your question.


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How do I make the Calendar app stop harassing me about permissions?
A few months ago I got a new phone.  After a bit, I tapped on the Calendar app, and it popped up with a supremely silly request: it wanted access to my contact list!
Now there's no good reason why an app should need my contacts in order to show me a calendar, so I denied the permission, figuring it would go on just fine without it.  Apparently not; though!  The app failed to launch, and ever since then, multiple times a day, it's been throwing notifications at me that the Calendar app needs me to go in and enable that permission.
Well, screw that!  There is no conceivable reason why a calendar app could possibly require access to my contacts to run.  To support certain features, perhaps, but to run at all?  No.  Just no.  But it keeps spamming me with requests to enable it.
How do I make the notifications stop?  It's a system app that I can't uninstall, but at this point all I want is to shut the thing up!

What is the device model? Not all Calendar apps behave like that, so without any more information, it's difficult to find the solution. Otherwise... try a 3rd-party Calendar app instead.

Even if it is a system app you should be able to clear it's app data and may be even disable the whole calendar app. BTW: What is the package name of the calendar app? On my system the calendar app is not a system app.

OEMs suck, most of the times. That's why there's rooting and custom ROMs.


text:
Xiaomi phones battery compatibility
Xiaomi phones have several batteries, for example, BM35, BM21, BN43, and etc.
I'd like to know the compatibility of those batteries, for example, if BM35 has the same pin and size as BM21 something like that.
I have this Xiaomi Redmi Note 4x it's kinda old but still working and the battery is now needed to be replaced because it's already draining fast. Instead of using the BM43 which is the current battery of it, I'd like to purchase a different model with a higher capacity for example the BN62.
If I only know the pin type and the size of those batteries, it will be easy for me to upgrade and replace them.

Actually, that will be hard but can be done. You may be able to find the dimensions or size of the battery but you will be having a hard time to figure the pin type of it. I tried searching for the specifications of BM43, I only get the dimensions and capacity.


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Put Termux environment on external SD card
Following this answer, I formated my sdcard as ext4-fs.
Then tried mounting the sdcard into termux home as the link above says
mount /dev/block/mmcblk1p2 /data/data/com.termux/files/home/ext4-fs

I get error mount: bad /etc/fstab: No such file or directory
I could only mount the partition with root using su command, only then the mount command doesn't give error.
Mounting the partition with su from terminal or with app like Link2Sd (which also uses root) makes the mount point (i.e where the partition is mounted) unreadable for Termux.
What am I missing?
He (the author of the answer above) even went further to create a symlink to Termux $PREFIX using another terminal app which is impossible without root also as thus also not readable by Termux which even complicates everything
I think this should be possible, what am I doing wrong pls

That's expected. mount never works without root (or at least CAP_SYS_ADMIN to be more precise). Mounting a filesystem is a privileged action not meant to be performed by ordinary users. // You need to set proper permissions; owner, group, mode and SELinux context on the mount point to make it accessible to non-privileged apps like Termux. Run ls -lZ . in Termux HOME directory to get these parameters.

Hi @Irfan thanks for looking to my question. Changing the   owner, group to uid of Termux (gotten from id command) and also chmod 777 doesn't help. I get Permission denied. What's that with SELinux context, please any help will be appreciated

I had the same problem. The problem was SELinux. I resolved by installing "The SELinux Switch" and then putting in the "permissive" mode. Now I can mount with root and access in Termux WITHOUT root!


text:
WhatsApp Web and the QR Code
We connect to the WhatsApp web by scanning the QR code. When scanning like this, WhatsApp is transferring some data between the mobile and the web. So if a data transfer is going on,
what will that data be?
How is that data taken?
Can't we use that data to use the web without QR code scanning?
There is a reason to ask this, the camera on my phone does not work, so I can't scan the QR code and use the WhatsApp web. If there is an answer to this, please let me know.

The technical detail has been explained on our sister site [so] for programming: Mechanism behind QR code scanning of WhatsApp web/desktop app

The data is authentication & key negotiation between the web client and device.  You can't feed this data to the device without camera. WhatsApp only trusts QR code.


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Android device does not display Google contacts in correct sort order
I cannot get Google Contacts to display my contacts in alphabetical order sorted by surname, with surname shown first.
The problem has existed since about a fortnight after I bought the phone almost a year ago although the operating system and the Contacts app have obviously been updated since then.
I'm currently running Android 11.1 (Oppo ColorOS 11.1) with (Google) Contacts 3.41.1.361694705 . The settings show

Display -> Sort by -> Surname
Name format -> Surname first
Edit contacts -> Default account for new contacts -> Device

... but despite the settings, Contacts shows surname first (as wanted) but always sorts in first-name order! This is true whether I access Contacts directly, or though the Phone interface.
Curiously, if, from within Signal Messenger, I go to attach a contact card to a Signal message, then Contacts displays the contacts correctly (i.e., in alphabetical order by surname, with surname shown first). And just to be clear, this is not the Signal Messenger contact list I'm talking about here; this is the complete Google Contacts list.
What is the likely cause of the problem?
Is this a well-known bug?
Where is the sorting done? On the device, as one would hope, or by having Google do it?

There's no global setting for contact sorting. The sorting is done per app (Contacts and Phone are different apps and may have different sorting logic).

Have you analyzed [m]any individual contacts to make sure the fields are parsed into the correct fields? Every once in a while I get this too, and find that some "massaging" of the names has occurred that invalidates their previous input fields. Google is never complacent with this. Manual corrections brings them back to how I like them.


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WiFi not in range
I have a Samsung galaxy S3. I used to connect it to my router via WiFi and connect to the internet. Everything was OK till I switched WiFi off and then on. It doesn't connect to the router anymore and says "WiFi not in range", But it does connect to WiFi hotspot on my other phone. I don't have the problem on my other devices.
I've tried restarting the phone and it didn't work. Any ideas?

Check the WiFi channel in the router settings. Channels higher than 11 are not allowed in every country and thus some devices don't search for them if the country is not correctly configured. Therefore it is recommended to only use channel 1, 6 or 11 to avoid problems.

Just flashed the phone and it solved this. I still don't know what caused the problem, but it worked.

If you have not changed your setup, it could be a hardware issue. You might want to check if you can still access other networks.
You may also use a Wifi Scanner application to verify that you can at least see other WiFi access points. If you don't see any other networks, then you might have issue with the WiFi in your phone.
If you do see networks, then your home WiFi might configured in a way which the phone doesn't like or support. I would have a look at you routers channels (e.g. pick one 1,6,11). Make sure you access point allows 802.11 n devices (i.e. not AC-only), since the Galaxy S3 only supports up to N.
Should it be a hardware issue and you where very determined to try and fix it yourself, you can use the resources published over at iFixit to learn how to open it and see if anything obvious is disconnected.


text:
Turn bluetooth on when screen off and volume key is pressed
I would like to be able to toggle bluetooth on when phone screen is off (locked) and I press the volume up button, ideally twice (two quick presses).
What options do I have to accomplish this on a rooted Android 7.1.2 phone? ROM is Ressurection Remix 5.8.5.
So far I tried Tasker with AutoInput plugin, but it only works when screen is on. Apparently AutoInput does not register keypresses when screen is off.
I also tried Xposed Additions, which does react to volume button when screen off, but I can not assign a Tasker action to it that enables the bluetooth. There are only a limited number of actions I can choose when screen is off.

In Xposed Additions, under "Add New Action", choose Shortcuts and than assign your Tasker shortcut there. See "Instructions to use Task shortcuts in Xposed Additions" heading in my answer here: https://android.stackexchange.com/a/118917/96277

Weird, I don't have the "Applications" section in the 'add new action' menu. I only have a "Custom actions" section with "disabled" and "torch" and a bunch more if I choose "screen on"


text:
What makes the android boot sequence different from Windows boot sequence?
I've just studied the Windows boot process (theoretically) and now I want to compare the Android's boot sequence with the Windows boot sequence. One point I've found is that in Windows there is BIOS and in android there is BOOT ROM that does the same task. Can you please help me to get more differences? Also which is more secure in terms of boot process and why?

See Android device load process and How to boot Ubuntu persistent live USB on Android? and Why Android devices are more brickable than PCs? and BOOT PROCESS: ANDROID vs. LINUX. All answers cover Android vs. PC (Linux or Windows) scenario.

On Windows BIOS/UEFI is a standardized technology. On Android the lower boot process is not standardized at all.

Robert, I think you did not understand my question. Actually, I'm searching for the difference between Android's boot sequence and Window's boot sequence. Also, I'm concerned about the security that which has a more secure boot sequence?


text:
What is com.hmdglobal.app.customizationclient.OTAApplication?
I keep receiving an error about the app "com.hmdglobal.app.customizationclient.OTAApplication" crashing on my Nokia 2.2. What does this app do?
The app can't be uninstalled and can't be disabled, and has full access to call logs, phone and storage. Based on the name, I presume it's created by Nokia to harvest my personal data.
Am I being paranoid or is this app malicious in any way?

Based on the package name I would assume that this is the app that searches in background for system updates for your phone (OTA = Over The Air updates).

I have had the same problem on my Nokia 4.2 for the last few days (since approximately 2021-03-04). Since our devices were both released in the spring of 2019, I wonder whether that sadly means they no longer qualify for Android updates? EDIT: Scrap that, there's a report on the XDA forum of the same thing on a Nokia 5.4. So probably just a bug.


text:
How to mount sdcard as "internal" using custom filesystem on Android 10 (root access only via adb)
How can I properly mount my SD card as "internal" (i.e. so that all apps are on it) using a custom filesystem (in my case Ext4, but I'd like to use full-disk encryption using a key that I can decrypt when putting the SD card in my laptop too, and eventually switch to a custom FUSE filesystem, so it's not an ext4-specific question)?
According to https://source.android.com/security/encryption/full-disk, I would need to run class_stop late_start; class_stop main to halt all applications, mount on top of /data (I guess, any other location that should be hidden?), and restart with class_start late_start; class_start main. However, these commands do not exist, and don't seem to be sub-commands of init.
How would I do this stop-all-apps, mount-on-/data/, start-all-apps dance from an adb shell?
I have root access via adb, but no root access for apps. The bootloader is locked (needs to be for my banking app it seems), so I can't edit /etc/vold.fstab or any other file in /system or /vendor. I'm using /e/ os Android 10 (a fork of LineageOS).

You can't do that from adb shell. The init commands you mentioned aren't to be executed from commandline but need to be put in some .rc file: https://android.googlesource.com/platform/system/core/+/master/init/README.md#commands. They are already defined in .rc files by ROM developers and are executed automatically in proper sequence when you format your SD card as Adoptable (internal) Storage.

Not sure what you mean by "using a custom filesystem". I think you are looking for something like this: Decrypting microSD card on another Android device or desktop computer

even if you manage to edit something your device would brick. modifications prevented on locked bootloader. just use android native adoptable-storage and get a copy of /data/misc/vold/expand_*.key

@IrfanLatif "Adoptable" storage can be stopped and started while the phone is running, IIRC, so I assumed there was a way to trigger these stop / restart events. That link to your other answer is very interesting. If I understand well, you suggest to do the mounting in init.rc (dm-crypt + mount or mount + fscrypt or mount a FUSE filesystem). I can't edit this file: it's on boot.img, and something in the system refuses to lock the bootloader if it's modified (e.g. I flashing a magisk'ed boot.img and locking gives a "corrupted" message, and my bank's app won't run with unlocked boot)

@IrfanLatif examples of using a custom filesystem: Ext4, dm-crypt + Ext4, a FUSE filesystem which I wrote myself.

@alecxs I didn't know where the key was (saw somewhere that you had to dump it from RAM, that's much better!). This would work for Ext4 + dm-crypt, but wouldn't work if I wanted to use e.g. a FUSE filesystem which I wrote myself.


text:
turn off phone services notification
A happy owner of a palm phone, though every time the phone is turned off then on or restarted, it shows a notification that a non-verizon sim is being used. I understand these were exclusively verison prior and there is not an unbranded firmware readily available for these, but would still like to ask about a way to remove this particular category from the phone services app.
When long pressing on the notification is shows as 'name_verizon_wireless_notification_channel' but the option to disable this category in the phone services notification settings is greyed out. I have removed much of the verizon bloatware by uninstalling the packages with abd shell. Is there a way to enable this toggle or otherwise remove it from phone services?

If you are running Android 8 or above you can try MacroDroid to clear that particular notification automatically. See my answer https://android.stackexchange.com/a/163569/96277


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Android: route USA device traffic over France device mobile network
I'd like to know how to best achieve the following: Use my Android phone in the USA as if I were navigating the internet from my Android phone in France.
I'm already able to accomplish simple HTTP proxying by connecting all the mobile devices via a Wireguard server and running the Every Proxy app on the France Android phone.* However some apps don't respect proxy settings so I'm looking for a more robust option.
I assume apps have no choice but to respect VPN settings, so my plan is to force all traffic from the US device over the Wireguard interface (AllowedIPs = 0.0.0.0/0), instruct the Wireguard server to route traffic from the US device to the France device, then set up the France device to enable routing and masquerading so that the US phone reaches the France mobile network.
I don't know how to accomplish the last task (enabling routing and masquerading on the France device.) Can it be accomplished? It seems that I'll need to root the device. Is it as easy as doing
iptables -F -t filter
iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT

according to this post?
Any tips? Thanks!

ProxyDroid claims to force all app traffic through a proxy on a rooted device however I'm not sure it works well and I didn't really want to root the US device. Some apps which I want to observe might check whether they are on a rooted device and act differently.
*In the HTTP proxying setup, Wireguard clients are only routing LAN traffic over the VPN (AllowedIPs = 192.168.1.0/24)

@Tom-yan I'm probably giving up on this, the Android routing is too complex. Instead I will USB tether the Android device to a Raspberry Pi and do the routing on plain ole Linux with Wireguard. ProxyDroid did get me closer, but I did quickly notice that some apps did not work properly.

IP forwarding can be enabled with sysctl; iptables might have never been enabled / blocking forwarding or any traffics. (Speaking of that, the kernel you use needs to have the iptables components built.)
Another key is to either perform SNAT/MASQUERADE on the France device with the POSTROUTING chain of the nat table.
Also make sure you stop using AllowedIPs = 0.0.0.0/0 on the France device. Instead you list the subnet(s) the other devices are in.

Don't expect to work really well anyway as there are often layers of NAT for a mobile device already. Also Android routing is a bit different and it has its own security feature whatsoever (like VPN doesn't cover tethering devices, so there might be more work to be done, if possible at all.


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What Is "Font Server"? And is it a virus?
I've been doing malware scans for my phone pretty often recently, along with browsing and searching up apps/ files on my internal storage. I found one called "Font Server" which has a blue guy with a smile face as the image. I searched it up and found people saying it was a virus, it says it was installed in 2008 even though I got my phone in 2018 so 10 years later. I'm timid to imediently try anything so I want to make sure if anyone know what the app is/ if it is harmful/ if I should remove it or not before I do anything. Thank you!

sounds like emoji app to me. you found/ or some app found "Font Server"? in apps/ and or in storage? If app - what's the package name of this app? Who says it's a virus (link)?

you can use (pm) package manager or some app to view package names


text:
Photos made this afternoon disappeared after I rebooted phone - how to recover them?
This morning, since the memory of the internal storage reached its limit, I moved all the pics in the Camera album to the SD card. In the afternoon, I took a couple of pics which if I remember correctly were stored by default in the same album Camera (in the SD) in which I moved the other pictures in the morning. I checked them on the way home and they were still there. At some point, I wanted to edit one of the new ones but it kept giving me errors (no connection and "you can edit only pics larger than 50 x 50 pixels"- and I was surprised since they are always larger than that!).
I rebooted my phone, and when I opened the gallery the pics taken in the afternoon were gone (not to consider how many pics got corrupted among the ones I moved in the morning). I took other pictures, still ended up in the Camera folder (in the SD!), still editing error. I rebooted again, and they disappeared again.
Even weirder, after some time a retook some pics and these were saved in the Camera folder in the internal storage (Not in Camera SD!), and they are not disappearing anymore.
I already tried re-inserting SD. What can I do?

guesswork: if not the MicroSD Card itself is corrupt, probably the app used for moving did not notice that it didn't had permission for MicroSD Card, so the pictures where moved into nowhere. remaining thumbnails where refreshed and disappeared from gallery on reboot

https://android.stackexchange.com/q/233669


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Fastboot command stucks and goes to disk sleep
I am trying to flash recovery in my Poco F1 but fastboot stucks when running fastboot flash recovery recovery.img. Also while running fastboot oem device-info for a second time gets stuck.
➜  ~ fastboot devices
c7ca2666    fastboot

➜  ~ fastboot oem device-info
(bootloader) Verity mode: true
(bootloader) Device unlocked: true
(bootloader) Device critical unlocked: true
(bootloader) Charger screen enabled: false
OKAY [  0.001s]
Finished. Total time: 0.001s
➜  ~ fastboot --version
fastboot version 30.0.5p1-android-tools
Installed as /usr/bin/fastboot
➜  ~ fastboot oem device-info

this is where fastboot gots stuck when I ran fastboot oem device-info for a second time.
When trying fastboot flash recovery recovery.img gives error [Failed] fastboot flash failed no such device. If I try flashing after using fastboot --version, it stuck as described previously.
I tried with both Linux and Windows (Intel CPU) and the problem persists. I have already unlocked bootloader and previously(few months ago) flashed TWRP.

I finally discovered the source of the problem - another process had apparently claimed the USB device. In my case, fwupd was automatically connecting to the device, attempted some kind of USB transfer and failed. However, it didn't release the device, which is why fastboot was stuck and waiting for it to be released.
Stopping the fwupd daemon, fixed the problem.
I've opened a bug report with fwupd here ( https://github.com/fwupd/fwupd/issues/3187 ). Meanwhile, if you want to be able to use fastboot, make sure no other process is using the device.

so what about Windows? I tried in Windows as well same problem.

Then, it sounds like some process in Windows is holding the USB connection and refusing to release it, or something else may be causing the problem. Maybe it's a problem with fastboot on the device itself? Or maybe USB cable or USB port issue.


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Nexus 5X Nethunter has no linux-headers for 3.10.73-Re4son-3.5
So, i rooted my Nexus 5X oreo 8.1, installed nethunter, all good so far. I bought an tp-link TL-WN722N v3(EU) and now i'm trying to make it work. I downloaded the drivers from tp-link website but i can't install them because when i use command 'make' it's say:
/lib/modules/3.10.73-Re4son-3.5/build: No such file or directory.
If i install linux-headers with:
apt-get install linux-headers-$(umane -r)
It's say: E:Unable to locate package
How can i install the Linux-headers  for rtl8188eu drivers?
Sorry for my bad english.

Check the output of uname -a then use the full name of the linux-headers-$VERSION.
You can get the available linux-headers through:
apt search linux-headers

Then intsall it:
sudo apt install linux-heasers-$VERSION

Afer I type sudo apt install linux-heasers-$VERSION it's say:
Package 'linux-headers' is not installed, so not removed.
My uname -a: Linux kali 3.10.73-Re4son-3.5 #1 SMP PREEMPT Fri Apr 10 12:20:30 AEST 2020 aarch64 GNU/Linux


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Overcoming softlock when creating /system/xbin on Android 9
Hoo roo,
Installing Linux Deploy (Linux chroot with root) on Android 9 requires that you install a custom version of busybox. However, due to system-as-root limitations on Android 9, you can encounter problems when attempting to run the custom busybox installer. The community has found a solution to overcome this, but I can't seem to get it to work.
My tablet is a rooted Onyx Boox Max 3 that has TWRP installed without a custom ROM, with dm-verity disabled.
Running ls -l `which su`  from a terminal emulator returns  lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 8 1970-02-11 19:10 /sbin/su -> ./magisk so confirms that I am using the root busybox.
mkdir /system/xbinafter mounting /system as per instructions softlocks the tablet. Have also tried running mount -o rw,remount /sbin/magisk/mirror/system_root which also softlocks.
Are there any other options that I can try? Would really love a chroot of Arch on my eink tablet instead of just a proot. Would make for a much smoother experience.
Cannot emphasise how desperate I am, my failsafe is a proot using nix-on-droid, but reckon that performance will suffer. Does anyone have any ideas?

actually all you need is place 3 files, no need to install anything
/data/adb/modules/busybox-ndk/module.prop
id=busybox-ndk
name=Busybox for Android NDK
version=1.31.1
versionCode=13115
author=osm0sis @ xda-developers
description=Static busybox binary for all Android architectures built with the NDK
support=https://forum.xda-developers.com/showthread.php?t=2239421

/data/adb/modules/busybox-ndk/service.sh
#!/system/bin/sh
/system/xbin/busybox --install -s /system/xbin

/data/adb/modules/busybox-ndk/system/xbin/busybox

Am a little confused on what to do here. Have confirmed that the module.prop file exists already (installed from the magisk installer), and have created the service.sh file.
Attempting to run the service.sh file returns the following error /system/xbin/busybox: not found
Am not sure about the significance of the last directory either. Any clarification would be greatly appreciated :)

Hoo roo again, have recorded a voice message to properly convey what I've attempted. Cheers mate :) https://voca.ro/179SxVR5uKP4

you can download modules straight from magisk manager, no need to place files manually. this is just bare minimum example what's inside module and how to bind mount overlay files in /system/xbin without modifying /system. you probably lacking the third file which is the desired binary itself


text:
What are android batteries PIN type?
I'm trying to determine the different PIN types of the batteries used in Android, specifically to those batteries that use flex cable.
For example;

The image above is a sample of batteries for Xiaomi phones, I'm not sure which models used it but they do have a different PIN type, I assumed that these pin types are universal and are not limited to the Xiaomi brand only.

They called it FPC Pin or FPC Connector.

even if connector fit that doesn't mean the pinout is identical


text:
Is it possible to securely factory wipe a phone directly after encrypting it?
I would really like to make my phone more secure. But at the same time I want to be able to factory wipe it any time. I'm afraid that factory wiping could brick the phone/makes it unusable. So is it safe to wipe the phone directly after encrypting it?

"I'm afraid that factory wiping could brick the phone/makes it unusable". What makes you think so?

How old is your phone? Only very old phones allow to enable encryption. All the newer models are encrypted by default without the option to disable it.

If your concern is about data security l, I'm assuming you are using a modern phone which still gets updates. All modern android devices have encryption by default. Factory reset is enough.

Phones delivered with or since Android Lolipop, which came out in 2014, are encrypted by default. Android uses full disk encryption, same as Apple's iOS. This means that every block is encrypted, not just specific files, but also the meta information which describes where is what.
A factory reset will clear the decryption key used to access the data and descriptive information. So once you perform factory reset, it is effectively wiped, as none of the data blocks can any longer be accessed without that key, its practically random data.

I'm afraid that factory wiping could brick the phone/makes it unusable

This is not an uncommon operation. Factory resets are frequently used by diy people installing their own custom ROMs. It is also standard practice when reselling or disposing a phone. It is likely a very well tested feature, since it a user accessible feature.

be aware of bugs. Android 7 not encrypted: Moto E4 plus XT1770, Galaxy Tab A 9.7 SM-T555


text:
Android won't query DNS server for IPv6 addresses, why?
I have a weird issue; for a single connect request to a server that has a single AAAA record my device runs two A queries instead and fails to connect.
My setup is as follows:

LAN (a regular router) without IPv6 connectivity
Android 10 with only WiFi connectivity, having one fe80: and two fd14: addresses
Debian box, wired, running dnsmasq, acting as the DNS server for all devices
dnsmasq will reply that website foo.com has an IPv6 of the Debian box, and no IPv4

I can:

Connect from my phone to the Debian box using literal IPv6 address
Connect from other devices to foo.com
Connect to foo.com from JuiceSSH
Do ping6 foo.com successfully in Termux on the phone

What I can't do, I can't connect from my phone to the Debian box via foo.com using regular apps such as Chrome, or my own app. JuiceSSH is the weird exception. I tried making a new app, adding INTERNET permission and this bit of code only:
thread {
    Socket("foo.com", 9000)
}

This works consistently with the apps such as Chrome in that it doesn't connect and—from what I see in dsmasq logs—performs two A queries (both with NODATA-IPv4 response). It never performs an AAAA query. Inet*Address.getAllByName() behaves in a similar way. I tested with another device running Android 6, same outcome.
What's going on here?

I'm not an expert in networking, but Android doesn't fully support IPv6, check the status on the related question: Does Android have support for IPv6?

@AndrewT. Some applications do resolve IPv6 on my device; also my app can connect to IPv6 for other users. So I keep thinking that something is weird about my setup

I think that I stumbled upon a similar problem. Mine happens while using a IPv6 VPN, but probably the symptoms and result are all the same. I asked it here: https://android.stackexchange.com/q/244749/366910 Were you able to fix your problem or improve something on your end?

@MariusSiuram I weren't, sorry. I decided to stick with IPv4 in the end, oh well.

Android's hostname resolver (InetAddress.getAllByName(), etc.) will skip AAAA queries unless the device has an IPv6 routing table entry that covers the magic address 2000::.
As a workaround, we could install radvd on some machine on the network and put something like this into its /etc/radvd.conf:
interface eth0 {
  AdvSendAdvert on;
  AdvDefaultLifetime 0;
  route 2000::/64 {};  # Workaround Android DNS resolver bug
};

According to whois, 2000::/64 is not assigned to anybody at present, and hopefully we'll have real IPv6 service by the time that changes. ;)  (I would use 2000::/128, but my device sets /proc/sys/net/ipv6/conf/*/accept_ra_rt_info_max_plen to 64 and hence won't accept route prefixes longer than that.)
As for why Android does this, performing an AAAA query can add latency, especially on networks with old broken resolvers, so Google engineers are keen to skip them when they can.  (See Chromium issue 40435291, a similar problem in another Google product.)  Android's libc (bionic) apparently makes it difficult to properly determine if IPv6 is in use, hence the magic probe of 2000::.  (Relevant source code.)
Note that Android  (like most OSes) will still prefer the address that seems "most likely to work" as per the rules in RFC 6724.  This is generally pretty good for us, because the rules involve routing table checks for each candidate address and will prefer addresses for which a route exists, but it also means it will prefer IPv4 over fc00::/7 ULA addresses (as per section 2.1).