text:
DCSS morgue file parser
In this challenge, you need to parse morgue files from the roguelike game Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup and output it to STDOUT.
What are these morgue files??
When you die, a text file is generated with that character's data inside. You can see what equipment the character had, what happened during the last few turns, and how many monsters he has killed.
You can find a example morgue file here
The challenge
Your job is to make a program that takes one of those files from STDIN, parses it, and outputs the data to STDOUT.
To make this challenge a bit easier, you only have to parse the first block of text. (up until The game lasted <time> (<turns> turns).
You need to parse and output the following information:

The version number.
The score.
The character name, title, race and class.
The character level.
The cause of death/victory.
The amount of turns the run lasted.

Example:
Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup version <version number> character file.

<score> <name> the <title> (level <level>, 224/224 HPs)
         Began as a <race> <class> on Mar 16, 2015.
         Was the Champion of the Shining One.
         <cause of death/victory>

         The game lasted 16:11:01 (<turns> turns).

Test Cases
Test case 1 - Victory
Input file
Example output - Victory:
Version: 0.16.0-8-gd9ae3a8 (webtiles)
Score: 16059087
Name: Ryuzilla the Conqueror
Character: Gargoyle Berserker
Level: 27
Cause of Death/Victory: Escaped with the Orb and 15 runes on Mar 17 2015!
Turns: 97605

Test case 2 - Death
Input file
Example output - Death:
Version: 0.16-a0-3667-g690a316 (webtiles)
Score: 462
Name: 8Escape the Ruffian
Character: Bearkin Transmuter
Level: 6
Cause of Death/Victory: Slain by an orc wielding a +0 trident (3 damage) on level 4 of the Dungeon.
Turns: 3698

Rules

This is code-golf so the shortest code wins.
In the event of a tie, the oldest answer wins.
No standard loopholes.
File input must be taken from STDIN
Output must be sent to STDOUT
The labels before the output (ex. Turns:) are optional.

Ungolfed sample code for inspiration
Morgue file generation code in DCSS

Does the output actually need to contain the line labels like Version: or is enough to output the pieces of information in the same order, one per line?

@MartinBüttner The labels are optional.

Will the race and class always be one word each?

@MartinBüttner Some races and classes are two words, like Vine Stalker, Abyssal Knight and Deep Elf.

Is there a specification of this morgue file format, or just these examples?

@PaŭloEbermann As far as I know, there isn't any.

^ DCSS is open source; you should have located the bit of source code that generates these and posted that spec for the first 9~11 lines.

Perl, 151 bytes
148 code + 3 switches (-0, -l, -p). I'm sure this can be improved :)
Takes input from STDIN and prints the result on receiving EOF.
perl -lp0e 's/\.{3}|\s/ /g;y/ //s;$_=join$\,(/(\d.*?).{15}\..(\d+).(.+?).\(.+?(\d+).+?\b(?:a|an) (.+?) o.+? ([^.!]+[.!])[^.!]*?(\d+)[^(]+\)..\3/)[0..2,4,3,5..7]'

Ungolfed:
use strict;
use warnings;

# set the input record separator to undef (the -0 switch)
$/=undef;
# read the text (the -l switch)
$_=<STDIN>;

# replace all '...' and spaces by a ' '
s/\.{3}|\s/ /g;
# squeeze all contiguous spaces into a single space
y/ //s;
# collect the captured groups into @p
my @p=
/(\d.*?).{15}\..      # version is the first string starting with a digit and ending 15 characters before the period
 (\d+).               # points is the next string with only digits
 (.+?).\(.+?          # name starts after a gap of one character
 (\d+).+?\b(?:a|an)\s # level is inside the next open paranthesis
 (.+?)\so.+?\s        # race, class occur after the 'a' or 'an' and end before ' o' i.e. (' on')
 ([^.!]+[.!])[^.!]*?  # cause of death is the a sentence ending with '.' or '!'
 (\d+)[^(]+\)..\3     # turns is the next sentence with digits within parantheses, followed by 2 characters and the player's name
/x;
$_=join"\n",@p[0..2,4,3,5..7]; # the level and race lines need to be swapped

# print the output (the -p switch)
print $_;

ideone.com

F#, 377 bytes
open System.Text.RegularExpressions
let s=System.String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace>>not
let m f=Regex.Match((f+"").Split[|'\r';'\n'|]|>Seq.filter s|>Seq.take 8|>Seq.reduce(fun a z->a+z.Trim()), ".*n (.*) c.*\.([0-9]+) (.*) \(l.* (.*),.*a (.*) o.*\.(?:(S.*)|W.*(E.*)).*.T.*\((.*) .*\).").Groups|>Seq.cast<Group>|>Seq.skip 1|>Seq.map(fun z ->z.Value)|>Seq.filter s|>Seq.iter(printfn"%s")

Javascript (ES6), 297 230 bytes
For now, this is a test-driven regular expression.
It simply replaces the unwanted info and keeps the important stuff.
It creates an anonymous function that simply returns the wanted text.
_=>_.replace(/^.+version(.*) character file\.([\n\r]+)(\d+)([^\(]+) \([^\d]+( \d+),.+\n\s+.+as a(.+) on.+\n\s+(?:Was.+One\.\n)?((?:.|\n)+[!.])\n(?:.|\n)+\((\d+)(?:.|\n)+$/,'$1\n$3\n$4\n$6\n$5\n$7\n$8').replace(/\s+(\.{3} ?)?/,' ')

Isn't it a beast?

Thanks for sysreq's tip about the labels being optional. That saved me 67 bytes!

You can test the resulgar expression on: https://regex101.com/r/zY0sQ0/1

The labels are optional; you can save quite a few bytes by omitting them.

@sysreq The what...?

http://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/64033/dcss-morgue-file-parser/64421#comment154430_64033

I'm saying _=>_.replace(/^.+version(.*) character file\.([\n\r]+)(\d+)([^\(]+) \([^\d]+( \d+),.+\n\s+.+as a(.+) on.+\n\s+(?:Was.+One\.\n)?((?:.|\n)+[!.])\n(?:.|\n)+\((\d+)(?:.|\n)+$/,'$1\n$3\n$4\n$6\n$5\n$7\n$8').replace(/\s+(\.{3} ?)?/,' ') is an acceptable solution at just 230 bytes

@sysreq Sorry for taking so long to say anything. I've been seeing the post but I was on a tablet. You have no idea how painful it is to do anything in a tablet. I've replaced my code with your label-less version. Thanks a lot for the tip.

Python3, 472 bytes
I thought I'd be able to get this far shorter. Not surprised I beat my own submission, though.
Run it like python3 dcss.py morgue-file.txt.
import sys
n="\n"
s=" "
f=open(sys.argv[1],'r').read().split(n)[:11]
m=range
a=len
d=","
for i in m(a(f)):
 f[i]=f[i].split(s)
 for x in m(a(f[i])):
  f[i][x]=f[i][x].strip()
h=f[0]
g=f[10]
k=f[2]
def r(j,u):
 j=list(j)
 while u in j:
  j.remove(u)
 return"".join(j)
def l(x):
 c=s
 for i in m(a(x)):
  c+=x[i]+s
 return c.strip()
print(h[6]+s+h[7]+n+k[0]+n+g[0]+s+g[1]+s+g[2]+n+r(g[3],"(")+s+r(g[4],")")+n+r(k[5],d)+n+r(l(f[4])+l(f[5])+l(f[6])+l(f[7]),".")+n+r(g[17],d))

Go, 589 502 489 487 bytes
package main;import(."fmt";."io/ioutil";"os";."strings");func d(z,ch string)string{return Map(func(r rune)rune{if IndexRune(ch,r)<0{return r};return -1},z)};func main(){x:=Split;f,_:=ReadFile(os.Args[1]);n:="\n";l:=" ";m:=",";h:=".";q:=x(string(f),n)[:11];k:=x(q[0],l);y:=x(q[10],l);u:=x(q[2],l);g:="";for _,e:=range Fields(d(q[4],n+h)+l+d(q[5],n+h)+l+d(q[6],n+h)+l+d(q[7],n+h)){g=g+e+l};Print(k[6]+l+k[7]+n+u[0]+n+y[0]+l+y[1]+l+y[2]+n+d(y[3]+l+y[4],"()")+n+d(u[5],m)+n+g+n+d(y[17],m))}

after running go fmt, go fix, and go vet here is the "ungolfed" version:
package main

import (
    . "fmt"
    . "io/ioutil"
    "os"
    . "strings"
)

func d(z, ch string) string {
    return Map(func(r rune) rune {
        if IndexRune(ch, r) < 0 {
            return r
        }
        return -1
    }, z)
}
func main() {
    x := Split
    f, _ := ReadFile(os.Args[1])
    n := "\n"
    l := " "
    m := ","
    h := "."
    q := x(string(f), n)[:11]
    k := x(q[0], l)
    y := x(q[10], l)
    u := x(q[2], l)
    g := ""
    for _, e := range Fields(d(q[4], n+h) + l + d(q[5], n+h) + l + d(q[6], n+h) + l + d(q[7], n+h)) {
        g = g + e + l
    }
    Print(k[6] + l + k[7] + n + u[0] + n + y[0] + l + y[1] + l + y[2] + n + d(y[3]+l+y[4], "()") + n + d(u[5], m) + n + g + n + d(y[17], m))
}

Edit: using dot-imports helps a lot.
Pretty self-explanatory but I can explain if need be. This is my first 'real' Go program and I'm still a beginner at codegolf so tips are welcome!
Edit: you said "take a file from STDIN", and you can run this script (if you have go installed) by running go install <foldername> and then <binaryname> morgue-file.txt or go run main.go morgue.txt


text:
String to ASCII Art Text
The Task
You are to write some ASCII Art Text as seen from this website for generating ASCII art!
Rules
Input will only be alphabetical text and spaces, and will be input as a single line. It is also case-insensitive.
You needn't fix if the output text is longer than the terminal width. As long as it would be correct if the terminal window was infinitely stretchable, you'll be fine.
Aside from the standard-loopholes, the only other rule is that you mayn't use built-ins - although if your language has a built in for this (which would be amazing), if you include it as a side-note in your answer, take a 15% bonus off of your code-golfed solution!
Example:
Input:
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
Output:
          _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____            _____                    _____                   _______                   _____                   _______                   _____                    _____                _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                                        _____                    _____                            _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                    _____            _____                    _____                   _______                   _____                   _______                   _____                    _____                _____                    _____                    _____                    _____                                        _____                    _____
         /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \          /\    \                  /\    \                 /::\    \                 /\    \                 /::\    \                 /\    \                  /\    \              /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                 ______               |\    \                  /\    \                          /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \          /\    \                  /\    \                 /::\    \                 /\    \                 /::\    \                 /\    \                  /\    \              /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                  /\    \                 ______               |\    \                  /\    \
        /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\____\        /::\____\                /::\____\               /::::\    \               /::\    \               /::::\    \               /::\    \                /::\    \            /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\____\                /::\____\               |::|   |              |:\____\                /::\    \                        /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\    \                /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\____\        /::\____\                /::\____\               /::::\    \               /::\    \               /::::\    \               /::\    \                /::\    \            /::\    \                /::\____\                /::\____\                /::\____\               |::|   |              |:\____\                /::\    \
       /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /:::/    /                \:::\    \               \:::\    \              /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /::::|   |               /::::|   |              /::::::\    \             /::::\    \             /::::::\    \             /::::\    \              /::::\    \           \:::\    \              /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/    /               |::|   |              |::|   |                \:::\    \                      /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /::::\    \              /:::/    /                \:::\    \               \:::\    \              /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /::::|   |               /::::|   |              /::::::\    \             /::::\    \             /::::::\    \             /::::\    \              /::::\    \           \:::\    \              /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/    /               |::|   |              |::|   |                \:::\    \
      /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /:::/    /                  \:::\    \               \:::\    \            /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /:::::|   |              /:::::|   |             /::::::::\    \           /::::::\    \           /::::::::\    \           /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \           \:::\    \            /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/   _/___             |::|   |              |::|   |                 \:::\    \                    /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \            /:::/    /                  \:::\    \               \:::\    \            /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /:::::|   |              /:::::|   |             /::::::::\    \           /::::::\    \           /::::::::\    \           /::::::\    \            /::::::\    \           \:::\    \            /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/   _/___             |::|   |              |::|   |                 \:::\    \
     /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/    /                    \:::\    \               \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /::::::|   |             /::::::|   |            /:::/~~\:::\    \         /:::/\:::\    \         /:::/~~\:::\    \         /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \           \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/   /\    \            |::|   |              |::|   |                  \:::\    \                  /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/    /                    \:::\    \               \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /       /::::::|   |             /::::::|   |            /:::/~~\:::\    \         /:::/\:::\    \         /:::/~~\:::\    \         /:::/\:::\    \          /:::/\:::\    \           \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /               /:::/   /\    \            |::|   |              |::|   |                  \:::\    \
    /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/____/                      \:::\    \               \:::\    \        /:::/____/               /:::/    /       /:::/|::|   |            /:::/|::|   |           /:::/    \:::\    \       /:::/__\:::\    \       /:::/    \:::\    \       /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \           \:::\    \        /:::/    /               /:::/____/               /:::/   /::\____\           |::|   |              |::|   |                   \:::\    \                /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/  \:::\    \        /:::/____/                      \:::\    \               \:::\    \        /:::/____/               /:::/    /       /:::/|::|   |            /:::/|::|   |           /:::/    \:::\    \       /:::/__\:::\    \       /:::/    \:::\    \       /:::/__\:::\    \        /:::/__\:::\    \           \:::\    \        /:::/    /               /:::/____/               /:::/   /::\____\           |::|   |              |::|   |                   \:::\    \
   /::::\   \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /::::\    \                      /::::\    \              /::::\    \      /::::\    \              /:::/    /       /:::/ |::|   |           /:::/ |::|   |          /:::/    / \:::\    \     /::::\   \:::\    \     /:::/    / \:::\    \     /::::\   \:::\    \       \:::\   \:::\    \          /::::\    \      /:::/    /                |::|    |               /:::/   /:::/    /           |::|   |              |::|   |                    \:::\    \              /::::\   \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /::::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    \:::\    \      /::::\    \                      /::::\    \              /::::\    \      /::::\    \              /:::/    /       /:::/ |::|   |           /:::/ |::|   |          /:::/    / \:::\    \     /::::\   \:::\    \     /:::/    / \:::\    \     /::::\   \:::\    \       \:::\   \:::\    \          /::::\    \      /:::/    /                |::|    |               /:::/   /:::/    /           |::|   |              |::|   |                    \:::\    \
  /::::::\   \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /::::::\    \   _____    ____    /::::::\    \    _____   /::::::\    \    /::::::\____\________    /:::/    /       /:::/  |::|___|______    /:::/  |::|   | _____   /:::/____/   \:::\____\   /::::::\   \:::\    \   /:::/____/   \:::\____\   /::::::\   \:::\    \    ___\:::\   \:::\    \        /::::::\    \    /:::/    /      _____      |::|    |     _____    /:::/   /:::/   _/___         |::|   |              |::|___|______               \:::\    \            /::::::\   \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /::::::\   \:::\    \    /:::/    / \:::\    \    /::::::\    \   _____    ____    /::::::\    \    _____   /::::::\    \    /::::::\____\________    /:::/    /       /:::/  |::|___|______    /:::/  |::|   | _____   /:::/____/   \:::\____\   /::::::\   \:::\    \   /:::/____/   \:::\____\   /::::::\   \:::\    \    ___\:::\   \:::\    \        /::::::\    \    /:::/    /      _____      |::|    |     _____    /:::/   /:::/   _/___         |::|   |              |::|___|______               \:::\    \
 /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/\:::\   \:::\ ___\  /:::/    /   \:::\    \  /:::/    /   \:::\ ___\  /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/    /   \:::\ ___\  /:::/\:::\    \ /\    \  /\   \  /:::/\:::\    \  /\    \ /:::/\:::\    \  /:::/\:::::::::::\    \  /:::/    /       /:::/   |::::::::\    \  /:::/   |::|   |/\    \ |:::|    |     |:::|    | /:::/\:::\   \:::\____\ |:::|    |     |:::|    | /:::/\:::\   \:::\____\  /\   \:::\   \:::\    \      /:::/\:::\    \  /:::/____/      /\    \     |::|    |    /\    \  /:::/___/:::/   /\    \  ______|::|___|___ ____      /::::::::\    \               \:::\    \          /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/\:::\   \:::\ ___\  /:::/    /   \:::\    \  /:::/    /   \:::\ ___\  /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/\:::\   \:::\    \  /:::/    /   \:::\ ___\  /:::/\:::\    \ /\    \  /\   \  /:::/\:::\    \  /\    \ /:::/\:::\    \  /:::/\:::::::::::\    \  /:::/    /       /:::/   |::::::::\    \  /:::/   |::|   |/\    \ |:::|    |     |:::|    | /:::/\:::\   \:::\____\ |:::|    |     |:::|    | /:::/\:::\   \:::\____\  /\   \:::\   \:::\    \      /:::/\:::\    \  /:::/____/      /\    \     |::|    |    /\    \  /:::/___/:::/   /\    \  ______|::|___|___ ____      /::::::::\    \               \:::\    \
/:::/  \:::\   \:::\____\/:::/__\:::\   \:::|    |/:::/____/     \:::\____\/:::/____/     \:::|    |/:::/__\:::\   \:::\____\/:::/  \:::\   \:::\____\/:::/____/  ___\:::|    |/:::/  \:::\    /::\____\/::\   \/:::/  \:::\____\/::\    /:::/  \:::\____\/:::/  |:::::::::::\____\/:::/____/       /:::/    |:::::::::\____\/:: /    |::|   /::\____\|:::|____|     |:::|    |/:::/  \:::\   \:::|    ||:::|____|     |:::|____|/:::/  \:::\   \:::|    |/::\   \:::\   \:::\____\    /:::/  \:::\____\|:::|    /      /::\____\    |::|    |   /::\____\|:::|   /:::/   /::\____\|:::::::::::::::::|    |    /::::::::::\____\_______________\:::\____\        /:::/  \:::\   \:::\____\/:::/__\:::\   \:::|    |/:::/____/     \:::\____\/:::/____/     \:::|    |/:::/__\:::\   \:::\____\/:::/  \:::\   \:::\____\/:::/____/  ___\:::|    |/:::/  \:::\    /::\____\/::\   \/:::/  \:::\____\/::\    /:::/  \:::\____\/:::/  |:::::::::::\____\/:::/____/       /:::/    |:::::::::\____\/:: /    |::|   /::\____\|:::|____|     |:::|    |/:::/  \:::\   \:::|    ||:::|____|     |:::|____|/:::/  \:::\   \:::|    |/::\   \:::\   \:::\____\    /:::/  \:::\____\|:::|    /      /::\____\    |::|    |   /::\____\|:::|   /:::/   /::\____\|:::::::::::::::::|    |    /::::::::::\____\_______________\:::\____\
\::/    \:::\  /:::/    /\:::\   \:::\  /:::|____|\:::\    \      \::/    /\:::\    \     /:::|____|\:::\   \:::\   \::/    /\::/    \:::\   \::/    /\:::\    \ /\  /:::|____|\::/    \:::\  /:::/    /\:::\  /:::/    \::/    /\:::\  /:::/    \::/    /\::/   |::|~~~|~~~~~     \:::\    \       \::/    / ~~~~~/:::/    /\::/    /|::|  /:::/    / \:::\    \   /:::/    / \::/    \:::\  /:::|____| \:::\   _\___/:::/    / \::/   |::::\  /:::|____|\:::\   \:::\   \::/    /   /:::/    \::/    /|:::|____\     /:::/    /    |::|    |  /:::/    /|:::|__/:::/   /:::/    /|:::::::::::::::::|____|   /:::/~~~~/~~      \::::::::::::::::::/    /        \::/    \:::\  /:::/    /\:::\   \:::\  /:::|____|\:::\    \      \::/    /\:::\    \     /:::|____|\:::\   \:::\   \::/    /\::/    \:::\   \::/    /\:::\    \ /\  /:::|____|\::/    \:::\  /:::/    /\:::\  /:::/    \::/    /\:::\  /:::/    \::/    /\::/   |::|~~~|~~~~~     \:::\    \       \::/    / ~~~~~/:::/    /\::/    /|::|  /:::/    / \:::\    \   /:::/    / \::/    \:::\  /:::|____| \:::\   _\___/:::/    / \::/   |::::\  /:::|____|\:::\   \:::\   \::/    /   /:::/    \::/    /|:::|____\     /:::/    /    |::|    |  /:::/    /|:::|__/:::/   /:::/    /|:::::::::::::::::|____|   /:::/~~~~/~~      \::::::::::::::::::/    /
 \/____/ \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\    \      \/____/  \:::\    \   /:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\   \/____/  \/____/ \:::\   \/____/  \:::\    /::\ \::/    /  \/____/ \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\/:::/    / \/____/  \:::\/:::/    / \/____/  \/____|::|   |           \:::\    \       \/____/      /:::/    /  \/____/ |::| /:::/    /   \:::\    \ /:::/    /   \/_____/\:::\/:::/    /   \:::\ |::| /:::/    /   \/____|:::::\/:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\   \/____/   /:::/    / \/____/  \:::\    \   /:::/    /     |::|    | /:::/    /  \:::\/:::/   /:::/    /  ~~~~~~|::|~~~|~~~        /:::/    /          \::::::::::::::::/____/          \/____/ \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\    \      \/____/  \:::\    \   /:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\   \/____/  \/____/ \:::\   \/____/  \:::\    /::\ \::/    /  \/____/ \:::\/:::/    /  \:::\/:::/    / \/____/  \:::\/:::/    / \/____/  \/____|::|   |           \:::\    \       \/____/      /:::/    /  \/____/ |::| /:::/    /   \:::\    \ /:::/    /   \/_____/\:::\/:::/    /   \:::\ |::| /:::/    /   \/____|:::::\/:::/    /  \:::\   \:::\   \/____/   /:::/    / \/____/  \:::\    \   /:::/    /     |::|    | /:::/    /  \:::\/:::/   /:::/    /  ~~~~~~|::|~~~|~~~        /:::/    /          \::::::::::::::::/____/
          \::::::/    /    \:::\   \::::::/    /    \:::\    \               \:::\    \ /:::/    /    \:::\   \:::\    \               \:::\    \       \:::\   \:::\ \/____/            \::::::/    /    \::::::/    /            \::::::/    /                 |::|   |            \:::\    \                  /:::/    /           |::|/:::/    /     \:::\    /:::/    /             \::::::/    /     \:::\|::|/:::/    /          |:::::::::/    /    \:::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    /            \:::\    \ /:::/    /      |::|____|/:::/    /    \::::::/   /:::/    /         |::|   |          /:::/    /            \:::\~~~~\~~~~~~                         \::::::/    /    \:::\   \::::::/    /    \:::\    \               \:::\    \ /:::/    /    \:::\   \:::\    \               \:::\    \       \:::\   \:::\ \/____/            \::::::/    /    \::::::/    /            \::::::/    /                 |::|   |            \:::\    \                  /:::/    /           |::|/:::/    /     \:::\    /:::/    /             \::::::/    /     \:::\|::|/:::/    /          |:::::::::/    /    \:::\   \:::\    \      /:::/    /            \:::\    \ /:::/    /      |::|____|/:::/    /    \::::::/   /:::/    /         |::|   |          /:::/    /            \:::\~~~~\~~~~~~
           \::::/    /      \:::\   \::::/    /      \:::\    \               \:::\    /:::/    /      \:::\   \:::\____\               \:::\____\       \:::\   \:::\____\               \::::/    /      \::::/____/              \::::/    /                  |::|   |             \:::\    \                /:::/    /            |::::::/    /       \:::\__/:::/    /               \::::/    /       \::::::::::/    /           |::|\::::/    /      \:::\   \:::\____\    /:::/    /              \:::\    /:::/    /       |:::::::::::/    /      \::::/___/:::/    /          |::|   |         /:::/    /              \:::\    \                               \::::/    /      \:::\   \::::/    /      \:::\    \               \:::\    /:::/    /      \:::\   \:::\____\               \:::\____\       \:::\   \:::\____\               \::::/    /      \::::/____/              \::::/    /                  |::|   |             \:::\    \                /:::/    /            |::::::/    /       \:::\__/:::/    /               \::::/    /       \::::::::::/    /           |::|\::::/    /      \:::\   \:::\____\    /:::/    /              \:::\    /:::/    /       |:::::::::::/    /      \::::/___/:::/    /          |::|   |         /:::/    /              \:::\    \
           /:::/    /        \:::\  /:::/    /        \:::\    \               \:::\  /:::/    /        \:::\   \::/    /                \::/    /        \:::\  /:::/    /               /:::/    /        \:::\    \               \::/    /                   |::|   |              \:::\    \              /:::/    /             |:::::/    /         \::::::::/    /                 \::/____/         \::::::::/    /            |::| \::/____/        \:::\  /:::/    /    \::/    /                \:::\__/:::/    /        \::::::::::/____/        \:::\__/:::/    /           |::|   |         \::/    /                \:::\    \                              /:::/    /        \:::\  /:::/    /        \:::\    \               \:::\  /:::/    /        \:::\   \::/    /                \::/    /        \:::\  /:::/    /               /:::/    /        \:::\    \               \::/    /                   |::|   |              \:::\    \              /:::/    /             |:::::/    /         \::::::::/    /                 \::/____/         \::::::::/    /            |::| \::/____/        \:::\  /:::/    /    \::/    /                \:::\__/:::/    /        \::::::::::/____/        \:::\__/:::/    /           |::|   |         \::/    /                \:::\    \
          /:::/    /          \:::\/:::/    /          \:::\    \               \:::\/:::/    /          \:::\   \/____/                  \/____/          \:::\/:::/    /               /:::/    /          \:::\    \               \/____/                    |::|   |               \:::\    \            /:::/    /              |::::/    /           \::::::/    /                   ~~                \::::::/    /             |::|  ~|               \:::\/:::/    /      \/____/                  \::::::::/    /          ~~~~~~~~~~               \::::::::/    /            |::|   |          \/____/                  \:::\    \                            /:::/    /          \:::\/:::/    /          \:::\    \               \:::\/:::/    /          \:::\   \/____/                  \/____/          \:::\/:::/    /               /:::/    /          \:::\    \               \/____/                    |::|   |               \:::\    \            /:::/    /              |::::/    /           \::::::/    /                   ~~                \::::::/    /             |::|  ~|               \:::\/:::/    /      \/____/                  \::::::::/    /          ~~~~~~~~~~               \::::::::/    /            |::|   |          \/____/                  \:::\    \
         /:::/    /            \::::::/    /            \:::\    \               \::::::/    /            \:::\    \                                        \::::::/    /               /:::/    /            \:::\    \                                         |::|   |                \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /             \::::/    /                                       \::::/____/              |::|   |                \::::::/    /                                 \::::::/    /                                     \::::::/    /             |::|   |                                    \:::\    \                          /:::/    /            \::::::/    /            \:::\    \               \::::::/    /            \:::\    \                                        \::::::/    /               /:::/    /            \:::\    \                                         |::|   |                \:::\    \          /:::/    /               /:::/    /             \::::/    /                                       \::::/____/              |::|   |                \::::::/    /                                 \::::::/    /                                     \::::::/    /             |::|   |                                    \:::\    \
        /:::/    /              \::::/    /              \:::\____\               \::::/    /              \:::\____\                                        \::::/    /               /:::/    /              \:::\____\                                        \::|   |                 \:::\____\        /:::/    /               /:::/    /               \::/____/                                         |::|    |               \::|   |                 \::::/    /                                   \::::/    /                                       \::::/    /              |::|   |                                     \:::\____\                        /:::/    /              \::::/    /              \:::\____\               \::::/    /              \:::\____\                                        \::::/    /               /:::/    /              \:::\____\                                        \::|   |                 \:::\____\        /:::/    /               /:::/    /               \::/____/                                         |::|    |               \::|   |                 \::::/    /                                   \::::/    /                                       \::::/    /              |::|   |                                     \:::\____\
        \::/    /                \::/____/                \::/    /                \::/____/                \::/    /                                         \::/____/                \::/    /                \::/    /                                         \:|   |                  \::/    /        \::/    /                \::/    /                 ~~                                               |::|____|                \:|   |                  \::/    /                                     \::/____/                                         \::/____/               |::|___|                                      \::/    /                        \::/    /                \::/____/                \::/    /                \::/____/                \::/    /                                         \::/____/                \::/    /                \::/    /                                         \:|   |                  \::/    /        \::/    /                \::/    /                 ~~                                               |::|____|                \:|   |                  \::/    /                                     \::/____/                                         \::/____/               |::|___|                                      \::/    /
         \/____/                  ~~                       \/____/                  ~~                       \/____/                                                                    \/____/                  \/____/                                           \|___|                   \/____/          \/____/                  \/____/                                                                    ~~                       \|___|                   \/____/                                       ~~                                                ~~                      ~~                                            \/____/                          \/____/                  ~~                       \/____/                  ~~                       \/____/                                                                    \/____/                  \/____/                                           \|___|                   \/____/          \/____/                  \/____/                                                                    ~~                       \|___|                   \/____/                                       ~~                                                ~~                      ~~                                            \/____/

As this is code-golf, the answer with the fewest amount of bytes wins!

You should probably add a space in the input to show what they should look like.

Just for you @VoteToClose, I wiil find a way to do this in Minecraft.

@GamrCorps I'm fairly certain it's impossible, but yuuus. :D I will bounty largely for that.

@VoteToClose A 3D calculator was made in minecraft. This should be possible :P

@CᴏɴᴏʀO'Bʀɪᴇɴ But strings/multilines suuuck.

Good job btw on 1.8K rep exactly

Please clarify 15% bonus rule: 1) what do you count in as "built-ins"? it's very vague: is function to do decompression a builtin? is a function to upper/lower case the string / letter a builtin? a function to determine ASCII code of a character? hex / some other base conversion? 2) how exactly applying 15% bonus works — it's very ambiguous now — how many times does it gets applied (once for every builtin not used but could be?), what do you want to see in a mentioned sidenote, etc?

@GreyCat If your language had a builtin that did something like input.toASCIIArtForm("Alpha") (Alpha is the name of the "font" used here), where the conversion is a one-step method call, then that would be a built in. It is a one-time bonus.

This suspiciously looks like figlet / "toilet" (http://www.figlet.org) ...

Minecraft, 22313 (50% hand-written code) bytes
Why did I ever promise to do this.... Well, it works, but I took a few liberties:

Letters are followed by newlines
There is no lowercase input (as uppercase and lowercase are the same)
Letters look weird as Minecraft does not have monospaced font (it looks better with 'Force Unicode Font' in language settings)

Here is a screenshot:

Screenshot of output:

Download the world here. Note that the input keyboard is very precise on the clicking. Click a little to the right of each letter to avoid this confusion.
Explanation

Input Keyboard pops up, takes input until 'Enter' "key" is pressed.
Teleports the "Controller" ArmorStand backwards one block until it reaches end of string.
While it is teleporting, the ArmorStand checks what character that the ArmorStand it is standing on represents, and activates that command block (which outputs the fancy letter).
Once the Controller reaches the starting position, it resets the program and kills the ArmorStands.

How many bytes is this?

@ΚριτικσιΛίθος I am counting right now, but I figured I would post it until I have the count.

Counting method:
1 for command block
2 for 1.8 command block
{command length} for commands themselves

BTW - you just earned 400 rep on an answer. xD

@VoteToClose lol, its amazing.

JavaScript (ES6), 14394 6381 3360 bytes
f=s=>[...s.toUpperCase(b="e_5yyyyyyyyyyyh_5yx_7x_5x_7x_5yr_5yyyR0_5ynd/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTfbTv/bTu/DTu/bTu/DTu/bTv/bTk/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTu_6 15|bTv/bTdncDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDBsDTsDTsDBsDBcDBsDBp4bTp2bTp4bTp2bTsDTiDTsDBsDBsDB 15|FOm:bBsDTnZJTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo3/StHTq3bTo3/Sp3/SZ:4|Op4|Oo6bTj/JTj/LTj/JTo4bTgbHTo3/Sp3/Sp3/S 15|FOmFOtHTnWLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiGSwHTq3bTiGSp3/SZ:5|Oo5|Oj/:8bTg/LTg/:8bTg/LTiLTgbHTiGSp3/Sp3/ 3_/_3j|FOmFOubHTnU/GbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGS 20bHTq3bTfGSp3/SZ:6|Oj/:6|OiG~2bHTd/GbHTd/G~2bHTd/GbHTfGbHTgbHTfGSp3/Sp3/PbTh|FOmFOwHTnSG_2bHTcG_2bHTcGMHTcGMHTcG_2bHTcG_2bHTcGMHTcGC 22bHTq3bTcGCp3/SZG|FOiG|FOg/GTHTZG_2bHTZGTHTZG_2bHTcG_2bHTgbHTcGSp3/Cp3/PDBg|FOmFOxbHTnPJQHTWJQHTWGTHTWGTHTWJQHTWJQHTWGTHTWJT 22/JTo4bTWJTo3/SZG |FOg/G |FOfGS bHTU/JQHTU/GS bHTU/JQHTYbHQHTfJTWGSr|FR|p3/PGSg|FOmFO 20bHTnNLQHTSLQHTSGS bHTSGS bHTSLQHTSLQHTSGS bHTSLT 3_5RASLTR_5PLTSLB_8SGSZG 2|F_3|_6SG 2|FO _5PGCQHBPLQHTPGCQHBPLQHTR_3bHQHTcLTSGSV_5V|FR|U_5SGPG 3_/_3d|FOmF_3|_6q3bTn /GbHQHTNGbHQH _3bNGSQHTNGSQH _3bNGbHQHTNGbHQHTNGSQH _3bNGbHT /bTNbQNGbHTNbT /GbHTNGb:11bTNGSZGO:8bTNGOFO/bT |:3|R|U|:3|R| /GbHQHB |:3|R|U|:3|R| /GbHQHBNbQHQHTWGbHTNGCWbTU|FR|SbTNG_3/GPbT 2_6|F_3|_3 AW:8bTq3bTn/GMHQHB/G_2bHQ:3|R|/GCUbHB/GCUb:3|R|/G_2bHQHB/GMHQHB/GC 2_3b:3|R|/GMHSDB/DQ/GMHB/DSGMHB/G 2|:11bB/GCZGR|:9bB/:2 /R|FPDB|:3|A|U|:3|R|/GMHQ:3|R|2:3|A|U|:3|A|/GMHQ:3|R|/DQHQHBSGMHB|:3|SWDBR|FR|PDB|:3|PGPDB|:17|R|S:10bB_15bHBnbETHNGSbHQHN:3|A|bHTXESbHTU/:3|A|bHQHQESbETHQESbHT /bN:3|A|bETHNGSbHNGTESbHNGTESbEOF~3|~5UbHTYbES ~5/GSbES|FNGS bHTPGS bETHN:3|A| bH 3_b_3/GS bEOJN:3|A|bHQHQESPGTES|:3|BU/GSR|FR|NGS|:3|_2/GPGS|:17|A|PG~4/~2X:18/Sn b/C bH/GSMHQH/GSMHTX/CMHTPGSMHQHQ/CM/C bHQ/CMHSD bESM/C bH/GSMH/GS b/CMH/GS b/CM/A|FOgbHTYb/CWGSM/C |F /GSQHT /GSQ/_5/bH/GSQH |F /GSQ/A|:5b/GSMHQHQ/CPGS b/CMHTPGSU|FR| /GSMH/GPGS 2~6|F~3|~3cGSeb:16/CnebKSTHQKSTHTq3bT /GSTHQHTq3bTYbHQH b/ChbKSTKShbKSu|FOhbHTv/GSg|F/GSUbHSGSjbKSUbH|F/GSe|:9/STHQHTWGShbHT /GSV|FA|/GSTKPGSd|FOfGShbH~4b~6ngbISXHQISXHTq3bSGSXHQHBq3bBYbHQHBq4/SXICl4/Sv|FOjbHTsGSh|KSYbH_2/GSq4/SYb:10/Sg|FbISXHQHBSGSl3bSGSY|:11/SXI_3/GSe|FOd/GSl3bTng/GSabHNGSabHTq3bNGSabHQEStESabHNGSp3/SabHTq2/Sx|FOl3bTo3/Sj|:5/Sdb:8/SubECdb:8/Sh|F bECabHNGSTEStH_2/GSab:10/CabH_2/GSg|FOdbEStHTnfGSebH/GSebHTq3b/GSebHQ/Cw/CebH/GSp3/SebHT 15b/C 20|FOq3bTiGSmISgbKSx~2tKSj|F 2~|q3b/GSX/Cw:8/Se~10q8/Sh|FOeb/CwHTend/GShbKShbHTq6/ShbHTR0bKSp3/ShbHTR1|FOtHTfGSp3/SjbIS 39bICmFOtKS 33bKS 37bKSj|FO 36bHTncGSl4/Sl3bBq4/Sl3bBR0bISp3/Sl3bBR0bFOubHBcGSp3/Sq2/CR1|FR|q2|OubIS 35bIS 39bISmFO 37bHBnabEStECtEStECtESR1bECtEStESR1b:|OwESabEStESu~2R7|FA|t:|OwES 37bECR1bEC 15|F_3| 38bESndb/Cv~2 23b/Cv~2 23b/CV8b/Cw/CR3b|_3|xb/Ceb/Cw/CV8~2 23b|_3|xb/C 39~2R8~2 22~2R4b/C",["_4","_4b","_4/",":2b",":2/",":2|",":3/",":3b",":4/",":4b",":6/",":6b"," 2b"," 2/"," 3|"," 3/"," 3b"," 4"," 4/"," 4b"," 5"," 6"," 6/"," 6b"," 7"," 7/"," 8"," 8/"," 9"," 10"," 10/"," 11"," 12"," 12/"," 13"," 14"," 14b:"," 14|"," 14/:"," 15/:"," 15b:"," 16"," 16/"," 16b"," 17"," 18"," 18b"," 19"," 20_5","\\"].map((l,i)=>b=b.replace(new RegExp([..."ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZacdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyb"][i],"g"),l)),a="",b.match(/\D|\d+/g).map(x=>a+=+x?l.repeat(x-1):l=x),a=a.split`n`,o=a.map(_=>""))].map(c=>a.map((d,i)=>o[i]+=c<"A"?"        ":d.slice((g=n=>(c.charCodeAt()+n-65)*25-(c>"L")*8-(c>"T")*4-(c>"Y")*4)(0),g(1))))&&o.join`
`

Explanation
ASCII art string is compressed using the format <character><number_of_times_to_repeat>. After this another stage of compression is added where numerous common combinations (eg. 20_5) are replaced by single characters. Special characters n represents a new line and b represents a backslash.
I could probably improve the compression algorithm a bit but I think I'll leave it like this for now.

f=s=>
  [...s.toUpperCase(              // use upper-case letter codes

    // magical decompression magic
    b="e_5yyyyyyyyyyyh_5yx_7x_5x_7x_5yr_5yyyR0_5ynd/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTfbTv/bTu/DTu/bTu/DTu/bTv/bTk/bTv/bTv/bTv/bTu_6 15|bTv/bTdncDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDTsDBsDTsDTsDBsDBcDBsDBp4bTp2bTp4bTp2bTsDTiDTsDBsDBsDB 15|FOm:bBsDTnZJTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo4bTo3/StHTq3bTo3/Sp3/SZ:4|Op4|Oo6bTj/JTj/LTj/JTo4bTgbHTo3/Sp3/Sp3/S 15|FOmFOtHTnWLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiLTiGSwHTq3bTiGSp3/SZ:5|Oo5|Oj/:8bTg/LTg/:8bTg/LTiLTgbHTiGSp3/Sp3/ 3_/_3j|FOmFOubHTnU/GbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGbHTfGS 20bHTq3bTfGSp3/SZ:6|Oj/:6|OiG~2bHTd/GbHTd/G~2bHTd/GbHTfGbHTgbHTfGSp3/Sp3/PbTh|FOmFOwHTnSG_2bHTcG_2bHTcGMHTcGMHTcG_2bHTcG_2bHTcGMHTcGC 22bHTq3bTcGCp3/SZG|FOiG|FOg/GTHTZG_2bHTZGTHTZG_2bHTcG_2bHTgbHTcGSp3/Cp3/PDBg|FOmFOxbHTnPJQHTWJQHTWGTHTWGTHTWJQHTWJQHTWGTHTWJT 22/JTo4bTWJTo3/SZG |FOg/G |FOfGS bHTU/JQHTU/GS bHTU/JQHTYbHQHTfJTWGSr|FR|p3/PGSg|FOmFO 20bHTnNLQHTSLQHTSGS bHTSGS bHTSLQHTSLQHTSGS bHTSLT 3_5RASLTR_5PLTSLB_8SGSZG 2|F_3|_6SG 2|FO _5PGCQHBPLQHTPGCQHBPLQHTR_3bHQHTcLTSGSV_5V|FR|U_5SGPG 3_/_3d|FOmF_3|_6q3bTn /GbHQHTNGbHQH _3bNGSQHTNGSQH _3bNGbHQHTNGbHQHTNGSQH _3bNGbHT /bTNbQNGbHTNbT /GbHTNGb:11bTNGSZGO:8bTNGOFO/bT |:3|R|U|:3|R| /GbHQHB |:3|R|U|:3|R| /GbHQHBNbQHQHTWGbHTNGCWbTU|FR|SbTNG_3/GPbT 2_6|F_3|_3 AW:8bTq3bTn/GMHQHB/G_2bHQ:3|R|/GCUbHB/GCUb:3|R|/G_2bHQHB/GMHQHB/GC 2_3b:3|R|/GMHSDB/DQ/GMHB/DSGMHB/G 2|:11bB/GCZGR|:9bB/:2 /R|FPDB|:3|A|U|:3|R|/GMHQ:3|R|2:3|A|U|:3|A|/GMHQ:3|R|/DQHQHBSGMHB|:3|SWDBR|FR|PDB|:3|PGPDB|:17|R|S:10bB_15bHBnbETHNGSbHQHN:3|A|bHTXESbHTU/:3|A|bHQHQESbETHQESbHT /bN:3|A|bETHNGSbHNGTESbHNGTESbEOF~3|~5UbHTYbES ~5/GSbES|FNGS bHTPGS bETHN:3|A| bH 3_b_3/GS bEOJN:3|A|bHQHQESPGTES|:3|BU/GSR|FR|NGS|:3|_2/GPGS|:17|A|PG~4/~2X:18/Sn b/C bH/GSMHQH/GSMHTX/CMHTPGSMHQHQ/CM/C bHQ/CMHSD bESM/C bH/GSMH/GS b/CMH/GS b/CM/A|FOgbHTYb/CWGSM/C |F /GSQHT /GSQ/_5/bH/GSQH |F /GSQ/A|:5b/GSMHQHQ/CPGS b/CMHTPGSU|FR| /GSMH/GPGS 2~6|F~3|~3cGSeb:16/CnebKSTHQKSTHTq3bT /GSTHQHTq3bTYbHQH b/ChbKSTKShbKSu|FOhbHTv/GSg|F/GSUbHSGSjbKSUbH|F/GSe|:9/STHQHTWGShbHT /GSV|FA|/GSTKPGSd|FOfGShbH~4b~6ngbISXHQISXHTq3bSGSXHQHBq3bBYbHQHBq4/SXICl4/Sv|FOjbHTsGSh|KSYbH_2/GSq4/SYb:10/Sg|FbISXHQHBSGSl3bSGSY|:11/SXI_3/GSe|FOd/GSl3bTng/GSabHNGSabHTq3bNGSabHQEStESabHNGSp3/SabHTq2/Sx|FOl3bTo3/Sj|:5/Sdb:8/SubECdb:8/Sh|F bECabHNGSTEStH_2/GSab:10/CabH_2/GSg|FOdbEStHTnfGSebH/GSebHTq3b/GSebHQ/Cw/CebH/GSp3/SebHT 15b/C 20|FOq3bTiGSmISgbKSx~2tKSj|F 2~|q3b/GSX/Cw:8/Se~10q8/Sh|FOeb/CwHTend/GShbKShbHTq6/ShbHTR0bKSp3/ShbHTR1|FOtHTfGSp3/SjbIS 39bICmFOtKS 33bKS 37bKSj|FO 36bHTncGSl4/Sl3bBq4/Sl3bBR0bISp3/Sl3bBR0bFOubHBcGSp3/Sq2/CR1|FR|q2|OubIS 35bIS 39bISmFO 37bHBnabEStECtEStECtESR1bECtEStESR1b:|OwESabEStESu~2R7|FA|t:|OwES 37bECR1bEC 15|F_3| 38bESndb/Cv~2 23b/Cv~2 23b/CV8b/Cw/CR3b|_3|xb/Ceb/Cw/CV8~2 23b|_3|xb/C 39~2R8~2 22~2R4b/C",
    ["_4","_4b","_4/",":2b",":2/",":2|",":3/",":3b",":4/",":4b",":6/",":6b"," 2b"," 2/"," 3|"," 3/"," 3b"," 4"," 4/"," 4b"," 5"," 6"," 6/"," 6b"," 7"," 7/"," 8"," 8/"," 9"," 10"," 10/"," 11"," 12"," 12/"," 13"," 14"," 14b:"," 14|"," 14/:"," 15/:"," 15b:"," 16"," 16/"," 16b"," 17"," 18"," 18b"," 19"," 20_5","\\"]
      .map((l,i)=>b=b.replace(new RegExp([..."ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZacdefghijklmopqrstuvwxyb"][i],"g"),l)),

    // decompression stage 2
    a="",                         // a = array of each line of the ASCII art letters
    b.match(/\D|\d+/g)            // get an array of characters and numbers
      .map(x=>
        a+=+x                     // if the current element is a number
          ?l.repeat(x-1)          // repeat the previous character x times
          :l=x                    // else set l to the new character
                                  // add it to a in case there is no number after it
      ),

    a=a.split`n`,                 // split a into an array of lines
    o=a.map(_=>"")                // o = array containing each line of the output
  )].map(c=>
    a.map((d,i)=>                 // loop through each line of the current letter
      o[i]+=                      // add the letter's substring for the current line
        c<"A"?"        ":         // space = 8 spaces
        d.slice(
          (g=n=>
            (c.charCodeAt()+n-65) // get the letter index
              *25                 // each ASCII art letter is 25 characters wide
              -(c>"L")*8          // except L is 17
              -(c>"T")*4          // T is 21
              -(c>"Y")*4          // Y is 21
          )(0),g(1))
    )
  )
  &&o.join`
`
Letters to Test: <input type="text" oninput="output.innerHTML=f(this.value)" /><pre id="output"></pre>

Fun fact: I had to golf the explanation a bit because the answer was originally over 30000 characters. I never thought I'd hit that limit on a code golf answer!

Some of these letters (for example, test the string 'zyx') don't seem to be displaying properly.  Is this a problem with the snippet, or the code itself?

@KevinW. Oops. I know why. It's because I removed the trailing whitespace after the Z character when I was experimenting. I'll fix it when I have the time to look at it. (I'll need to recompress it D: )

PHP, 1898 1905 1922 bytes
Yeah, PHP beats all, at least currently. :)
$r=[L=>8,T=>4,V=>4,X=>1,Y=>4];for(;$c=strtoupper($argv[1][$z++]);)foreach(explode("
",gzuncompress(base64_decode('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')))as$k=>$v)$o[$k].=' '==$c?'        ':substr($v,(ord($c)-65)*25,25-$r[$c]);echo implode("
",$o);

Works from command line:
$ php asciistuff.php HelLo
$ php asciistuff.php "H E L L O"

It handles upper- and lowercase characters as well as whitespaces.
Golfed version without the long string
$r=[L=>8,T=>4,V=>4,X=>1,Y=>4];for(;$c=strtoupper($argv[1][$z++]);)foreach(explode("
",gzuncompress(base64_decode('encoded alphabet')))as$k=>$v)$o[$k].=' '==$c?'        ':substr($v,(ord($c)-65)*25,25-$r[$c]);echo implode("
",$o);

Ungolfed
// store difference of shorter letters to default value (25)
$r=[L=>8,T=>4,V=>4,X=>1,Y=>4];

// loop through each character in the input
for(;$c = strtoupper($argv[1][$z++]);)
    // the whole alphabet is compressed and stored in a base64 encoded string
    // it's then stored line by line in an array
    // for each character we loop through every line of the alphabet
    foreach(explode("\n",gzuncompress(base64_decode('encoded alphabet'))) as $k => $v)
        // if a white space is given, 8 whitespaces are added to each line of the output
        // otherwise the letter sequence, dependent on letter length, is extracted from the current line
        $o[$k] .= ' ' == $c ? '        ' : substr($v, (ord($c) - 65) * 25, 25 - $r[$c]);
// finally print the result
echo implode("\n",$o);

Edits

Saved 17 bytes by refactoring the loops and declaring the lines of the alphabet inline.
Saved 7 bytes by replacing foreach() with implode() and by replacing "\n" with real line breaks.

When I run the literal php asciistuff.php HelLo command in the terminal, it just echoes the contents of asciistuff.php. I straight copied and pasted the contents of the first code block. What am I doing wrong? Running stock PHP (5.5.27) on Mac OS 10.10.5.

@benpop You have to add <?php  in the beginning of the file. I've not added it into the byte count. If you're interested, here's a discussion about it: Is the PHP opening tag mandatory in byte count?.

ucfirst instead strtoupper bzcompress  saves 50 Bytes for the base64 string

Matlab (Java), 28125 28119 6810 bytes
Could perhaps still be golfed somewhat more. Now I am using a string compression via Java, stolen from here
The core is the nice thing that in Matlab you can also get 2d (or if you need 3d etc) slices from matrices, and also stick them together again. This saves a lot of work! This is done for every character of the input.
Z=uint8([120;156;237;155;193;145;219;60;12;133;51;255;164;16;116;160;91;14;62;165;16;206;160;145;29;55;145;38;83;70;86;36;1;226;1;240;102;253;175;44;75;14;117;241;228;139;150;164;200;199;7;144;18;191;255;247;173;94;63;126;214;159;223;191;126;146;94;75;161;120;45;151;75;196;239;240;178;164;144;211;59;57;131;142;174;112;173;138;3;92;241;226;255;188;92;180;97;181;221;189;118;197;181;221;92;255;249;94;98;199;210;26;185;171;254;246;191;28;119;213;223;126;39;147;195;181;221;181;141;80;102;109;119;33;40;179;54;131;12;182;208;98;3;7;6;40;216;193;134;217;195;138;57;192;21;115;132;239;152;19;40;181;249;235;62;149;4;172;35;234;161;29;209;1;205;136;154;50;205;88;185;50;7;134;50;229;215;149;185;254;94;83;149;92;83;149;80;166;18;166;76;37;157;58;149;212;27;201;149;217;111;36;218;72;37;111;111;8;187;28;162;32;74;163;65;37;43;77;84;66;156;9;162;213;230;175;231;171;100;161;68;37;11;142;21;204;94;167;146;241;20;13;179;254;175;237;125;169;185;222;222;231;40;187;154;219;28;101;87;179;12;10;212;76;58;40;197;99;70;47;17;236;84;130;61;6;42;241;56;120;181;180;51;226;132;74;59;3;62;151;151;108;171;146;107;80;9;122;73;87;73;244;146;209;68;172;89;155;56;189;196;195;243;70;156;152;151;160;151;24;28;243;146;18;189;164;151;233;189;164;104;6;3;238;240;94;102;226;37;235;125;209;75;236;12;183;158;103;230;189;120;137;155;247;226;37;197;171;228;32;94;114;156;236;213;214;142;56;168;164;209;160;146;70;51;28;85;34;20;85;82;47;175;18;138;216;140;210;63;161;146;227;71;28;130;136;179;244;232;48;84;178;180;167;11;17;135;211;236;149;211;236;149;69;37;46;226;148;214;199;62;226;20;179;30;49;17;199;134;12;85;9;67;200;144;136;195;65;37;213;220;130;74;56;19;196;254;17;231;56;94;242;241;74;216;42;79;87;194;86;121;186;18;94;137;142;255;69;102;51;147;85;158;172;132;25;114;29;89;9;179;203;117;250;74;120;113;189;22;30;198;67;142;121;73;173;33;174;132;213;51;220;112;100;201;10;229;201;202;195;188;132;189;59;244;54;100;216;251;189;210;12;151;220;167;10;248;148;180;19;212;178;12;117;12;181;176;83;7;228;37;214;167;70;94;98;124;202;230;37;195;167;66;94;178;168;147;155;24;210;212;242;111;175;113;30;165;18;166;212;167;10;250;20;168;68;158;26;84;34;142;132;42;81;154;236;124;145;83;137;116;155;83;137;105;167;85;137;182;147;64;37;17;211;231;241;249;85;178;119;196;121;235;151;91;227;200;229;34;206;192;18;113;120;20;177;134;246;30;113;120;93;22;247;107;68;156;140;46;37;161;75;29;76;83;174;244;182;189;119;189;90;111;123;218;203;202;105;73;41;149;148;38;227;126;23;165;146;82;202;228;240;122;217;107;129;248;110;215;14;38;190;235;28;197;248;46;115;212;197;247;98;168;153;38;18;113;220;156;148;136;227;109;1;254;253;252;185;57;92;214;87;244;81;2;165;217;224;165;207;17;109;55;143;169;122;181;173;41;150;142;108;176;205;177;74;229;78;81;115;157;67;218;110;75;49;27;236;20;179;65;41;55;121;24;206;224;139;100;131;183;84;66;71;80;73;187;188;74;244;2;149;40;52;42;209;33;181;42;193;118;91;26;85;226;155;88;70;147;206;191;102;72;151;155;27;24;120;237;242;96;224;62;163;212;25;29;13;220;189;179;48;99;53;48;119;103;224;250;20;250;175;254;219;12;92;105;182;225;141;53;171;47;218;154;135;226;77;205;70;241;26;81;234;19;143;24;35;24;245;0;139;213;49;118;144;12;98;162;201;55;54;188;61;108;17;37;192;174;226;68;36;25;188;181;253;112;128;136;115;123;255;129;253;159;183;180;63;212;254;232;189;204;171;82;43;147;158;164;153;93;42;219;65;32;147;184;105;233;58;200;200;196;62;244;144;9;116;80;201;109;227;113;239;69;78;232;37;45;50;172;13;55;94;194;18;70;174;224;37;134;14;47;97;83;194;168;130;135;184;77;205;172;77;140;94;162;20;188;164;219;157;96;49;152;214;209;219;121;201;158;34;57;180;151;124;97;101;169;94;34;89;75;234;37;217;219;51;31;213;196;75;226;87;61;178;178;84;252;186;94;242;144;93;170;37;248;253;40;51;154;73;192;198;160;156;153;248;17;117;17;199;238;101;50;249;137;15;119;13;139;176;120;88;4;226;197;171;68;38;62;238;101;146;201;52;45;54;249;130;93;1;83;102;38;236;205;228;16;111;207;234;3;108;232;39;115;207;17;241;190;123;142;39;76;32;220;156;167;53;202;155;165;137;219;77;18;138;187;73;80;156;174;130;187;44;193;118;77;86;193;14;182;182;176;131;93;78;14;158;122;197;250;144;107;193;77;229;14;71;140;191;102;112;80;13;206;125;83;74;161;76;117;165;214;109;148;234;187;80;164;250;46;20;105;93;117;186;218;188;74;12;53;99;47;107;145;160;146;134;157;242;176;131;124;254;48;218;29;168;121;11;111;233;190;42;57;134;151;64;217;210;135;80;182;204;94;200;35;100;92;90;49;206;75;122;49;232;37;80;140;246;43;20;35;253;122;129;98;250;254;23;148;61;188;196;150;45;94;130;101;143;104;198;17;66;217;54;154;105;217;24;205;150;67;168;228;174;151;51;91;211;177;99;57;94;37;145;174;72;193;123;110;208;188;132;80;27;223;73;243;150;109;215;15;55;198;34;75;42;54;160;183;22;167;180;195;250;212;236;105;187;124;178;95;62;159;84;168;249;164;125;3;2;51;144;164;123;237;12;84;10;51;80;40;204;64;41;55;153;45;119;190;157;140;112;139;97;187;235;237;36;167;152;147;145;172;79;151;96;78;66;67;159;120;113;197;153;68;140;86;110;196;107;95;154;124;178;12;106;243;201;50;168;251;30;70;71;163;224;26;82;158;2;191;211;173;181;81;119;99;210;178;106;109;131;54;220;107;35;247;61;76;175;205;125;15;211;21;225;191;135;113;111;188;73;218;73;17;31;96;213;113;182;235;192;251;103;95;248;22;112;158;138;179;248;235;153;205;243;191;204;152;167;226;62;86;201;17;54;227;159;175;146;121;42;238;248;17;242;213;84;50;79;197;189;166;151;204;83;113;232;121;102;222;139;151;60;253;141;205;89;179;87;91;59;226;121;42;142;28;158;17;199;71;28;130;136;51;79;197;61;35;226;28;199;75;230;169;184;0;211;100;101;155;61;254;231;159;119;162;146;251;212;60;21;119;198;53;206;60;21;71;160;18;109;39;129;74;34;166;207;227;243;171;100;239;136;131;31;48;168;135;200;229;34;206;192;243;84;220;103;232;60;21;55;76;192;174;29;230;169;56;95;102;152;155;127;77;160;230;169;184;0;15;145;13;222;82;201;60;21;151;53;177;224;71;13;231;94;51;28;227;227;177;196;192;221;59;11;51;86;3;207;83;113;4;56;83;206;60;21;183;215;94;230;60;21;119;62;47;153;167;226;246;22;201;161;189;228;11;43;203;121;42;206;224;93;119;188;231;169;56;196;146;189;2;30;217;171;193;38;95;176;43;96;202;204;132;189;153;28;226;237;89;125;128;13;253;100;238;57;34;222;119;207;241;132;9;132;155;243;68;243;84;156;165;143;216;215;120;196;53;79;197;57;149;124;42;193;154;167;226;232;47;94;2;101;75;31;66;217;50;123;33;143;144;113;105;197;204;83;113;251;170;100;158;138;203;232;60;21;151;193;255;179;62;53;123;218;46;159;236;151;207;39;21;106;62;57;79;197;57;156;210;121;42;174;225;121;42;174;99;3;255;0;61;59;177;97]);
import com.mathworks.mlwidgets.io.InterruptibleStreamCopier;isc=InterruptibleStreamCopier.getInterruptibleStreamCopier;
c=java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;isc.copyStream(java.util.zip.InflaterInputStream(java.io.ByteArrayInputStream(Z)),c);
Q=typecast(c.toByteArray,'uint8');n=double(Q(2))*8+2;s=typecast(Q(3:n),'double')';Q=Q(n+1:end);M=reshape(char(Q),s);
l=[];for k=lower(input('','s'));l=[l,M(:,25*(k-97)+(1:25))];end;disp(l)

Python 2, 3376 bytes
Homemade compression, via lots of replacing of substrings.
x,y,z='123456789abcdefghi','ABCDEFGHIJKL','MNOPQRST'
k=dict(zip(x[9:],'10 11 12 13 14 17 21 24 25'.split()))
for c in x[:9]:k[c]=c
k.update(dict(zip(y,'2 3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 16 17 18'.split())))
k.update(dict(zip(z,'2 3 4 5 6 7 8 15'.split())))
Y='v'*11+'aP2-vv9R9-v9R9-vv6Pa-vvvh-6Pa-vp'+'9Z'*11+'9/040 -9Z9Z8/A040p9Z8/A040p9Z9Z5Z9Z9Z9Z8Qa-5|0409-9Z'+'x40'*7+'xO0x40x40xO0xO0-8/A0O0xO08t07-8/A0408t07-8/A040x40p4/A040xO0xO0xO0p7z9-5|:0O0x40p8'+'t07'*7+'-7Vp8U7-8U7-7Vp7V-7/C|3|p7/C|3|p6s6t07-6s6t07t07-4U7-7Vp7Vp7Vp7z9-5zp8U7-p'+'6s6-'*7+'6V9-9U6-9U6-6V9-6V -6/D|3|p6/D|3|p5/F0405-6s6-5/F0405-6s6-6s6-5U6-6V9-6V9-6r3_/N6&9U6-p'+'5rU5-'*7+'5Va-aU5-aU5-5Va-5V2-5/E|3|p5/E|3|8u~~U4-5rU5u~~U4-5rU5-5rU5-6U5-5Va-5Va-5r3/0405&aU5-8uMU4uMU4u2U4u2U4uMU4uMU4u2U4uO/b-bU4-bU4uO/b-4V3uz8uzp3r4U3uMU4-3r4U3uMU4uMU4-7U4-4VbuO/bu3/A0O04&bU4-pmm3r4U3-3r4U3-mm3r4U3-3/C040b-b/C0403-b/C0403-3/C040b-3V4-3r zp3r zp2V U2-m2V U2-m4X3U3t03-3Vckc-3r3V4&cU3-pnn2V U2-2V U2-nn2V U2-2s3P2-2O4s2-2P3s2-2/E0O0S2-2V5-2r2|A|N|Q2-2r2z P2- rO/3XO0 -n rO/3XO0 -n2NX3U2-6s2-2V6P2k5P2-2r3r3_/N2-7z9-5|A|N|Q2-dU2-p rX3UorX3X N0oV3UoV3X N0orX3UorX3UoV3X N0orU /040o/0302rUo/040 rUor0I040oV6- r3|F040or3z/040 -|B|4|5|B|4|- rX3XO0 -|B|4|5|B|4|- rX3XO0o/03X3U -5rUorO/6/040 k4/040orNr3/040oQ|A|N|N O -5/F040 -eU -pr2X3XO0-rMX30B|4|-rO/5XO0-rO/50B|4|-rMX3XO0-r2X3XO0-rO/2N0B|4|-r2X4/A0O0-/A030r2XO0-/A04r2XO0-r2|I0O0-rO/7-r4|G0O0-/A /4|A|3/A0O0-|B|O|5|B|4|-r2X30B|4|-|B|O|5|B|O|-r2X30B|4|-/A03X3XO0u2XO0-|B|4/6/A0O0k3/A0O0-|B|3r3/A0O0-|K|4|-4/H0O0-TXO0-p0A/4X2V-X3X)U6y-U5/B|O|-X3X3y-0A/4X3y-U /0)0A/4X2V-X2r4y-X2r4y-0A/3|A|~~~|~~~~~5-U7-y ~~~~~V-y|A|2V- U3V -0A/4X) X3_0NV -0A/3|C0)X3X3y-3r4y-|B|O05Vk2V-|B|Mr3V-|K|O|-3r~~~~/~~6-0Lq-p w XVoX3XVoU6woU3VoX3X3wow X3woX4/A0 yow XVoXV woXV wo0/Oza- U6- w6Vow |A| V -2U V2- 0/P/XV -2X |A| V2- 0/O|D0VoX3X3w -2V woU3V k VoXr3Vo~~~~~~|A|~~~|~~~6-2V9- 0J/O/ -pa0Eq2-2X30Eq2-2Ud-2U V2-2X3U5-aU5-2X3X w2-a0Eq2-20Eqa-20Eqa-7za-2U5-dV2-9|A|V2-3X4V3-a0Eq2-3X|A|V3-7|Gq2-2X3U5- Va-2U V2-4|A|O|V2-20E/3V2-7z9- Va-2X~~~~0~~~~~~7-pb0Cq3-3X30Cq3-3Uc-3X4V3-3X3XO04-bXO04-3X3XO04-b0Cq3-30C/O/b-30Cqb-7za-3U4-cV3-9|Eq3-4XMV4-b0Cq3-40Hq4-7|A|0Cq3-3X3XO04-Vb-3X4V3-4|Iq3-30C/NV3-7z9-Vb-3Uc-pbV4-4X2V4-4Ub-4X2V4-4X3y4-cy4-4X2V4-bV4-4Ub-4yc-7za-4U3-bV4-9|Dq4(c0A/O/4(7|A| 0A/O/4-4X2V4-yc-4XMV4-40H/O/4-4XMV4-7z9-yc-4Ub-paV5-5XV5-5Ua-5XV5-5X3w5-dw5-5XV5-aV5-5Ua-5wd-7za-5U2-aV5-9|Cq5ld~~al7|A|2~|a-5XV5- wd(5~~~~~~~~~~a(7z9- wd-5Ua-p9V6l6U9l6U9-il9V6-6U9-i-7za-6U -9V6-9V6!i-70C/O/7-7zalglil7z9-g-6U9-p8V7!7XO0p70Cq7-7XO0pi!8V7-7XO0pi-70A|3|a-7XO0-8V7-8V7-ji-8|A|4|p70A|3|a!g!i!7z9-g-7XO0pp8ypj8ypj8ypi-j8yp8ypi-80:|3|a-8y-8yp8yp9~~e-i-8|A|O|p80:|3|a-8ypg-ji-j7|A|N|9-g-8ypp9w9-9~~e-9w9-9~~e-9w9-i-i-9w9-9w9-i-90|N|a-9w -9w9-9w9-i-i-9~~e-90|N|a-9w9-g-9~~e-i-9~~e-8~~e-g-9w9-p'+'i-'*11+'f-'+'i-'*7+'g-i-i-i-h-g-i-8'
d=zip('nmlkj!&()UVXZzyxwvutsrqpo','2/E03U2- 3/C03U3- -60Eq6- -4|A|4| 80A/O/p -70Cq7- -7z9-5zp -50Fq5- 2/B|O|- X40 r4/ 0B0 /0409- |A|3| 0Aq 8-8/A0 0/O/ aPa- -4/B/ -7/C04 /E040 /B/ /4/ 8-'.split()+[' - '])
for a in d:Y=Y.replace(a[0],a[1])
Y=Y.split('-')
v=[]
for l in Y:
 r=''
 for c in l:
  if c in x:r+=' '*int(k[c])
  elif c in y:r+=':'*int(k[c])
  elif c in z:r+='_'*int(k[c])
  elif c=='0':r+='\\'
  else:r+=c
 v.append(r)
X=zip(*[v[i:i+27]for i in range(0,len(v),27)])
i=input()
for j in range(22):
 s=''
 for c in i.lower():l=26if c==' 'else ord(c)-97;s+=X[l][j]
 print s

Really neat.  I'll upvote if you'll do the standard golfing tricks (removing unnecessary spaces and such) because as neat as the algorithm is, the waste hurts me deep inside. Also, isn't [``i`` for i in range(2,19)] shorter than that string splitting thing?

The double backticks should be single. Haven't got the hang of markdown here.

@quintopia Use backslashes to escape - \\i\\`->`i``

@quintopia
There was one line with unnecessary spaces.. (As far as i could see).
The range trick wont work, as it is not a full range (skips from 14 to 17 for example)

@TFeld looks great now. Upvoted

[\ord(i)-48`for i in'2345689:;@AB']` saves 3 bytes on line 3.  A similar scheme saves 4 bytes on line 1.

And it gives you ints instead of strings if you drop the backticks, so if you applied it consistently, you could avoid all the calls to int later.

Python 2, 1208 bytes
Here’s the readable part of the source:
s=raw_input()
i=22
while i:i-=1;print''.join('''BINARY_STUFF'''.decode('zip').split('@')[ord(c)%32][i::22]for c in s)

The complete source contains non-printable characters, so it is presented as a hexdump that can be decoded with xxd -r.
00000000: efbb bf73 3d72 6177 5f69 6e70 7574 2829  ...s=raw_input()
00000010: 0a69 3d32 320a 7768 696c 6520 693a 692d  .i=22.while i:i-
00000020: 3d31 3b70 7269 6e74 2727 2e6a 6f69 6e28  =1;print''.join(
00000030: 2727 2778 0152 1862 c001 d0be 7dde ba8e  '''x.R.b....}...
00000040: 0371 146f 451d f0bb 6a21 308d 08ae 7d41  .q.oE...j!0...}A
00000050: ed1f 073e 1037 3ac8 892f ff8c 3be2 9387  ...>.7:../..;...
00000060: 2306 df85 d6db 9583 eb3a e1b6 ceb8 c4e8  #........:......
00000070: 2246 616b 5f0f dc06 c2f4 7360 4f90 f433  "Fak_.....s`O..3
00000080: 484f f2c7 9fb8 d4fe 67e5 d560 5eac f453  HO......g..`^..S
00000090: b8eb d28c 51c7 deb5 716b c0f1 1b7c 85b0  ....Q...qk...|..
000000a0: 1136 c2a0 b88c e132 86cb 182e 63b8 df90  .6.....2....c...
000000b0: 2641 d868 f65b 6974 52e9 ad84 838a 5c72  &A.h.[itR.....\r
000000c0: 3af6 25e8 d897 699a 2cb3 3449 960b 779d  :.%...i.,.4I..w.
000000d0: a509 590e 461f 9b26 db06 2a1f 0a84 8782  ..Y.F..&..*.....
000000e0: f0d0 1dcd 93dc e16a 2f9a 260b 0cba f680  .......j/.&.....
000000f0: 4361 b073 fb9b 6ef7 60aa 490f 0ea6 9a30  Ca.s..n.`.I....0
00000100: 2a09 1735 468d a926 654c 9a1c 9166 a4b5  *..5F..&eL...f..
00000110: 19d2 6fa1 fb6d 05d1 73ab c9f9 6972 719a  ..o..m..s...irq.
00000120: a89a 384d 88e5 34d1 3353 d504 fe55 9377  ..8M..4.3S...U.w
00000130: 7fe8 1889 dd40 cf4d aed0 d5c4 1835 4689  .....@.M.....5F.
00000140: ed6a 426c 5513 6283 19db 4724 b690 d860  .jBlU.b...G$...`
00000150: b89f 534d de60 0a7b 5b0a f602 9526 338c  ..SM.`.{[....&3.
00000160: 1aa3 4e13 7492 2643 cf4d 93df 4307 9e3e  ..N.t.&C.M..C..>
00000170: 7486 b661 7ae8 f060 183c 99c2 d674 0a5b  t..az..`.<...t.[
00000180: 8787 0ea9 a787 4e5f faf1 a193 2a09 86ab  ......N_....*...
00000190: 09c3 55d3 34a9 d943 a7d7 3423 eafc 87ce  ..U.4..C..4#....
000001a0: fb2e 8897 e605 3129 a805 3129 582c 8849  ......1)..1)X,.I
000001b0: 4194 d899 f794 16c4 0319 a570 d328 15d3  A..........p.(..
000001c0: e05e 666a c791 0b85 5133 fab4 6ad2 cbe6  .^fj....Q3..j...
000001d0: e26d 4485 52d2 a3cf 2a94 91f4 a0df 5c1d  .mD.R...*.....\.
000001e0: 4ead 5085 d24a 8744 d5dc 8404 f04a c7d3  N.P..J.D.....J..
000001f0: 4d86 6a9b af74 da6f a5f3 b034 6160 598b  M.j..t.o...4a`Y.
00000200: d129 5d94 26e8 a234 419d 261e cba4 8999  .)].&..4A.&.....
00000210: 7e9b dd6f a509 aa34 011f 9726 bf29 6cdf  ~..o...4...&.)l.
00000220: d2bc d2a1 5155 8cf4 64a3 ad6b f1d0 e15c  ....QU..d..k...\
00000230: 72bd ec9a 627e d061 d69e 62ae b8dd c59c  r...b~.a..b.....
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00000480: 2727 2e64 6563 6f64 6528 277a 6970 2729  ''.decode('zip')
00000490: 2e73 706c 6974 2827 4027 295b 6f72 6428  .split('@')[ord(
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000004b0: 2063 2069 6e20 7329                       c in s)

Damn son, what happened here? Compression, I assume?

source: Stack Exchange

license: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

sort: votes


text:
Remove the hyphenation
Time for a new typography challenge! It’s a common problem when copy-pasting between various document formats: hyphenation. While it reduces the raggedness of a left-aligned layout or evens spacing in a justified layout, it’s a complete pain when your PDF is not properly constructed and retains the hyphens in the layout, making your copied text difficult to edit or reflow.
Luckily, if we are to believe the countless self-help books out there, nothing is a problem if you see it as a challenge. I believe these self-help books are without exception referring to PPCG, where any problem will be solved if presented as a challenge. Your task is to remove offending hyphenation and linebreaks from a text, so that it is ready to paste in any text editor.
Problem description
You will write a program or function that removes hyphenation and line-breaks where applicable. The input will be a string on stdin (or closest alternative) or as a function input. The output (on stdout or closest alternative or function output) will be the 'corrected' text. This text should be directly copy-pastable. This means that leading or trailing output is OK, but additional output halfway your corrected text (e.g., leading spaces on every line) is not.
The most basic case is the following (note: no trailing spaces)
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, con-
sectetur adipiscing elit. Morbi
lacinia nisi sed mauris rhoncus.

The offending hyphen and linebreaks should be removed, to obtain
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Morbi lacinia nisi sed mauris rhoncus.

However, a few exceptions should be observed.

Double newlines indicate a paragraph break, and should be retained.
Proper nouns and names are never broken across two lines, unless they already contain a hyphen (e.g. Navier-Stokes equations). The line-break should be removed, but the hyphen retained. These cases can be identified by having only the first letter capitalized.
Sometimes, a hyphen indicates a word group (e.g. nineteenth- and twentieth century). When this happens across two lines, this is indicated with a leading space on the next line.

An example: (views expressed in this example are fictional and do not necessarily represent the view of the author; opponents of the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method are equally welcome to participate in this challenge)
Differential equations can
be solved with the Runge-Kutta-
Fehlberg method.

Developed in the nineteenth-
 or twentieth century, this
method is completely FANTAS-
TIC.

will become
Differential equations can be solved with the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method.

Developed in the nineteenth- or twentieth century, this method is completely FANTASTIC.

The linebreaks can be either the \n or \r\n ASCII code-point depending on your preference, and the hyphen is a simple ASCII - (minus sign). UTF-8 support is not required. This challenge is code-golf, so shortest code wins.

Retina, 58 bytes
(?<!\n)\n(?!\n)
<space>
- (?! |[A-Z][a-z])| (?= )|(?<=-) (?=[A-Z])
<empty>

<space> represents a single space on its own line and <empty> represents an empty trailing line. For counting purposes, each line goes into a separate file and the \n are replaced with actual linefeed characters. For convenience you can put all of the above in a single file though and run it with the -s flag.
I'm pretty sure there's a shorter way to do this, so I'll wait with an explanation until I'm done golfing.

I actually wanted to tackle this one in Retina, but didn't want to mess with Mono :(

GNU Sed, 68
Score includes +2 for -zr options passed to sed.
s/\n\n/:/g
s/-\n([A-Z][a-z])/-\1/g
s/-\n /- /g
s/-\n//g
y/\n:/ \n/

Assumes that the input stream doesn't contain any : characters.  If this is not acceptable, then the :'s in the code may be all replaced with some other non-printable ASCII character, e.g. 0x7 BEL.

TeaScript, 76 bytes
xB(`([A-Z][a-z]+-)
(\\S)`,b="$1$2",`(\\S)-
(\\S)`,b,`(\\S-?)
 ?(.)`,"$1 $2")

Very "brute force" method.
Try it online

all_licenses: Creative Commons - Attribution Share-Alike - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/


text:
Fill in the path
Write a program that fills in the paths of a grid of characters (ASCII 20-7E) according to the following rules.
The path is governed by eight directional characters: -, |, /, \, &, @, %, and *, as specified in the table below. The direction of the path will change when it reaches one of the eight above characters. Note that the direction the pointer is moving will always be on a line, forming an angle to the x-axis with radian measure kπ/4 for integer k.
-       Move right
|       Move down
/       Move up/right
\       Move down/right
&       Move left
@       Move up
%       Move down/left
*       Move up/left

The program starts at the top left of the grid, which is either -, \, or | and the pointer will move in the direction specified.
The objective of the program is to draw the path that the program takes by filling in whitespace according to the direction that the program is traveling. Any whitespace the pointer encounters is filled in, but if the pointer encounters a character not described above, the character is ignored (or put on the stack, if you choose to implement in the bonus).
The program ends when the pointer reaches the edge of the initial "box" the grid was in without hitting another directional character. This initial box does not contain any blank lines on the perimeter of the grid.
It should be noted that a specific point on the grid may change between the beginning and end of the program. For example, if the initial grid is - &, then by the time the pointer reaches &, the grid will be --&. Then the pointer will move one to the left, encounter -, and move to the right. It will not encounter an empty space, as the original grid suggests.
One of the things that might happen with this program is the appearance of infinite loops. Trivially, -& would be an infinite loop if the program were allowed to run indefinitely.` To counter this, your program must terminate within a reasonable amount of time.
The input to the program is a set of characters with a -, \, or | as the first character in the first line. There cannot be any trailing or leading newlines.
Sample input
-    h     %
|  &(   &f   |
 #
      r @  )
5

Sample output
-----h-----%
|&&&(&&&&f%  |
|#      @%
|     r @  )
5

Bonus
If your program prints the non-directional characters the pointer encounters separated from the modified grid by a newline, multiply your byte count by 0.9.

This is code golf, so standard rules apply. Shortest code in bytes wins.

This challenge actually sounds like a description of a programming language (I'm reminded of Fishing somewhat). Maybe I'll look into how to make one... What's generally required to make a golfing language?

Fishing? do you mean ><>?

@Aaron No, Fishing, because the language would probably have most of the same functions and is 2D. It's the 2D language I'm most familiar with.

Woops, I should have searched the wiki before talking. Well I'll at least take the opportunity to add that if you make it into a language you might end up annoyed by the need of other symbols for division and substraction.

@Aaron It would probably be wiser to use A,B,...,H for directions, even though the use of - for subtraction can be avoided by using d like in Fishing. I'll give it some thought.

The rule about "immediate termination" seems overly constraining. What's wrong with implementations which handle loops by only iterating at most once per character in the bounding box?

@PeterTaylor Because the path the pointer would be on at that point is closed, the challenge above would run into an infinite loop. If you are talking about my idea of a programming language, I'd suggest we move the conversation to chat so this question doesn't get overflowed. (Though yes, running multiple loops of the same circuit would be a thing in Brunswick Stew).

I'm talking about the sentence "the following rule must be implemented: if the pointer reaches a directional character more than one time, the program must immediately terminate". That's anti-natural for some languages, which would prefer to precalculate an upper bound on the number of steps (for input of size w by h, at most w*h steps can be taken without looping) and run their main loop that many times. In my opinion the question would be better if it simply required that programs terminate in a reasonable time and didn't try to dictate the looping structures used.

Will each line of the input be padded with spaces to make the line length equal to the grid width? If not is the grid width assumed to be the length of the longest line? Is the output allowed to be padded with spaces? I ask because the sample is not padded with spaces and the | at the end of the second line moves out by one in the output (probably a mistake) which makes me think maybe it just wasn't padded because it was made by hand.

In the simple input/output above '/' seem to mean down/left, but in the specification it means up/right. Is there a mistake here or have I misunderstood something?

@Emigna Sorry about that. It's fixed.

Python 2, 347*.9 = 312.3 bytes
def R(I):
 i=x=y=F=V=0;h=len(I);w=max([len(j)for j in I]);I,m,n,E,e,C=[[k for k in j.ljust(w)]for j in I],-1,"","-|/\\&@%*","10011m11m00mm1mm",""
 while 0<=x<w!=0<=y<h!=len(I)**4>i:
	if I[y][x]==" ":I[y][x]=C
	c=I[y][x]
	if c in E:H=2*E.index(c);exec"F,V="+e[H]+","+e[H+1];C=c
	elif c!=" ":n+=c
	x+=F;y+=V;i+=1
 for i in I:print"".join(i)
 print n

Try it online!
To comply with standard rules, a function is defined. The function's input is a list of strings representing the input (see the tio.run footer). Non-directional characters are printed, program terminates after a lot of steps (to halt on inputs like -&).