PEP: 250
Title: Using site-packages on Windows
Author: Paul Moore <p.f.moore@gmail.com>
Status: Final
Type: Standards Track
Content-Type: text/x-rst
Created: 30-Mar-2001
Python-Version: 2.2
Post-History: 30-Mar-2001


Abstract
========

The standard Python distribution includes a directory
``Lib/site-packages``, which is used on Unix platforms to hold
locally installed modules and packages.  The ``site.py`` module
distributed with Python includes support for locating other
modules in the site-packages directory.

This PEP proposes that the site-packages directory should be used
on the Windows platform in a similar manner.


Motivation
==========

On Windows platforms, the default setting for ``sys.path`` does not
include a directory suitable for users to install locally
developed modules.  The "expected" location appears to be the
directory containing the Python executable itself.  This is also
the location where distutils (and distutils-generated installers)
installs packages.  Including locally developed code in the same
directory as installed executables is not good practice.

Clearly, users can manipulate ``sys.path``, either in a locally
modified ``site.py``, or in a suitable ``sitecustomize.py``, or even via
``.pth`` files.  However, there should be a standard location for such
files, rather than relying on every individual site having to set
their own policy.

In addition, with distutils becoming more prevalent as a means of
distributing modules, the need for a standard install location for
distributed modules will become more common.  It would be better
to define such a standard now, rather than later when more
distutils-based packages exist which will need rebuilding.

It is relevant to note that prior to Python 2.1, the site-packages
directory was not included in ``sys.path`` for Macintosh platforms.
This has been changed in 2.1, and Macintosh includes ``sys.path`` now,
leaving Windows as the only major platform with no site-specific
modules directory.


Implementation
==============

The implementation of this feature is fairly trivial.  All that
would be required is a change to ``site.py``, to change the section
setting sitedirs.  The Python 2.1 version has::

    if os.sep == '/':
        sitedirs = [makepath(prefix,
                            "lib",
                            "python" + sys.version[:3],
                            "site-packages"),
                    makepath(prefix, "lib", "site-python")]
    elif os.sep == ':':
        sitedirs = [makepath(prefix, "lib", "site-packages")]
    else:
        sitedirs = [prefix]

A suitable change would be to simply replace the last 4 lines with::

    else:
        sitedirs == [prefix, makepath(prefix, "lib", "site-packages")]

Changes would also be required to distutils, to reflect this change
in policy. A patch is available on Sourceforge, patch ID 445744,
which implements this change.  Note that the patch checks the Python
version and only invokes the new behaviour for Python versions from
2.2 onwards. This is to ensure that distutils remains compatible
with earlier versions of Python.

Finally, the executable code which implements the Windows installer
used by the ``bdist_wininst`` command will need changing to use the new
location.  A separate patch is available for this, currently
maintained by Thomas Heller.


Notes
=====

- This change does not preclude packages using the current
  location -- the change only adds a directory to ``sys.path``, it
  does not remove anything.

- Both the current location (``sys.prefix``) and the new directory
  (site-packages) are included in sitedirs, so that ``.pth`` files
  will be recognised in either location.

- This proposal adds a single additional site-packages directory
  to sitedirs. On Unix platforms, two directories are added, one
  for version-independent files (Python code) and one for
  version-dependent code (C extensions). This is necessary on
  Unix, as the sitedirs include a common (across Python versions)
  package location, in ``/usr/local`` by default. As there is no such
  common location available on Windows, there is also no need for
  having two separate package directories.

- If users want to keep DLLs in a single location on Windows, rather
  than keeping them in the package directory, the DLLs subdirectory
  of the Python install directory is already available for that
  purpose. Adding an extra directory solely for DLLs should not be
  necessary.


Open Issues
===========

- Comments from Unix users indicate that there may be issues with
  the current setup on the Unix platform.  Rather than become
  involved in cross-platform issues, this PEP specifically limits
  itself to the Windows platform, leaving changes for other platforms
  to be covered in other PEPs.

- There could be issues with applications which embed Python. To the
  author's knowledge, there should be no problem as a result of this
  change. There have been no comments (supportive or otherwise) from
  users who embed Python.


Copyright
=========

This document has been placed in the public domain.
