Context Window Size Issue with Mistral Nemo Model on Ollama Version 0.2.8-rc2 (Apple Mac Silicon M2 Pro)

What is the issue?
Hey amazing team! I’m experiencing an issue with the context window size when using the new Mistral Nemo model on Ollama version 0.2.8-rc2 on my Apple Mac Silicon M2 Pro. According to the documentation, the context window should be approximately 128,000 large. However, when I run a query under ollama showing the Mistral Nemo model, the context length reported is actually 1.024e+06=1,024,000 (1 million), which is significantly larger than expected (and of course does not align with the expected 128K).
ollama show mistral-nemo
  Model
  	arch            	llama
  	parameters      	12.2B
  	quantization    	Q4_0
  	context length  	1.024e+06
  	embedding length	5120

  Parameters
  	stop	"[INST]"
  	stop	"[/INST]"

  License
  	"                                 Apache License
  	Version 2.0, January 2004

Additionally, I’ve noticed that my own “needle in a haystack” test consistently fails when using the Mistral Nemo model on Ollama, whereas the same test passes every time with GT4o and the expected context window size of 128,000. I've even taken the model temperature down to 0.3 and even down to 0.1 as recommended on hugging face model page - but no difference. This suggests to me that there may be an issue with the model or its integration with Ollama.
Can you help diagnose the issue? Are my observations correct? Are there any other logs or information I can provide to help troubleshoot this problem?
I'm using the latest 0.2.8-rc2 on Mac:
ollama --version
ollama version is 0.2.8-rc2

ollama list
NAME                                        	ID          	SIZE  	MODIFIED
mistral-nemo:latest                         	4b300b8c6a97	7.1 GB	About an hour ago

Let me know if you’d like me to add anything else!
OS
macOS
GPU
Apple
CPU
Apple
Ollama version
0.2.8-rc2

Server logs may help in diagnosis.

Same problem with Ollama 0.2.7

same

Same here on a Linux server:
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: loaded meta data with 35 key-value pairs and 363 tensors from /llm_models/Ollama/blobs/sha256-824229be17606dd8177fc91c1d330b065bc4f3de2873eab614376b988dcbf48a (version GGUF V3 (latest))
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: Dumping metadata keys/values. Note: KV overrides do not apply in this output.
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   0:                       general.architecture str              = llama
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   1:                               general.type str              = model
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   2:                               general.name str              = Mistral Nemo Instruct 2407
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   3:                            general.version str              = 2407
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   4:                           general.finetune str              = Instruct
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   5:                           general.basename str              = Mistral-Nemo
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   6:                         general.size_label str              = 12B
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   7:                            general.license str              = apache-2.0
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   8:                          general.languages arr[str,9]       = ["en", "fr", "de", "es", "it", "pt", ...
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv   9:                          llama.block_count u32              = 40
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  10:                       llama.context_length u32              = 1024000
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  11:                     llama.embedding_length u32              = 5120
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  12:                  llama.feed_forward_length u32              = 14336
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  13:                 llama.attention.head_count u32              = 32
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  14:              llama.attention.head_count_kv u32              = 8
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  15:                       llama.rope.freq_base f32              = 1000000.000000
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  16:     llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon f32              = 0.000010
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  17:                 llama.attention.key_length u32              = 128
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  18:               llama.attention.value_length u32              = 128
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  19:                          general.file_type u32              = 7
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  20:                           llama.vocab_size u32              = 131072
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  21:                 llama.rope.dimension_count u32              = 128
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  22:            tokenizer.ggml.add_space_prefix bool             = false
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  23:                       tokenizer.ggml.model str              = gpt2
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  24:                         tokenizer.ggml.pre str              = tekken
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  25:                      tokenizer.ggml.tokens arr[str,131072]  = ["", "", "", "[INST]", "[...
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  26:                  tokenizer.ggml.token_type arr[i32,131072]  = [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, ...
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: [132B blob data]
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  28:                tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id u32              = 1
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  29:                tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id u32              = 2
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  30:            tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id u32              = 0
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  31:               tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token bool             = true
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  32:               tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token bool             = false
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  33:                    tokenizer.chat_template str              = {%- if messages[0]['role'] == 'system...
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - kv  34:               general.quantization_version u32              = 2
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - type  f32:   81 tensors
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: llama_model_loader: - type q8_0:  282 tensors
Jul 22 21:44:16 Ollama ollama[25542]: time=2024-07-22T21:44:16.996-04:00 level=INFO source=server.go:617 msg="waiting for server to become available" status="llm server loading model"
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_vocab: special tokens cache size = 1000
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_vocab: token to piece cache size = 0.8498 MB
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: format           = GGUF V3 (latest)
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: arch             = llama
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: vocab type       = BPE
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_vocab          = 131072
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_merges         = 269443
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: vocab_only       = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_ctx_train      = 1024000
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_embd           = 5120
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_layer          = 40
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_head           = 32
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_head_kv        = 8
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_rot            = 128
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_swa            = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_head_k    = 128
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_head_v    = 128
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_gqa            = 4
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_k_gqa     = 1024
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_v_gqa     = 1024
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: f_norm_eps       = 0.0e+00
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: f_norm_rms_eps   = 1.0e-05
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: f_clamp_kqv      = 0.0e+00
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: f_max_alibi_bias = 0.0e+00
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: f_logit_scale    = 0.0e+00
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_ff             = 14336
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_expert         = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_expert_used    = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: causal attn      = 1
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: pooling type     = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: rope type        = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: rope scaling     = linear
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: freq_base_train  = 1000000.0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: freq_scale_train = 1
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: n_ctx_orig_yarn  = 1024000
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: rope_finetuned   = unknown
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_conv       = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_inner      = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_state      = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: ssm_dt_rank      = 0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: model type       = 13B
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: model ftype      = Q8_0
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: model params     = 12.25 B
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: model size       = 12.12 GiB (8.50 BPW)
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: general.name     = Mistral Nemo Instruct 2407
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: BOS token        = 1 ''
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: EOS token        = 2 ''
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: UNK token        = 0 ''
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: LF token         = 1196 'Ä'
Jul 22 21:44:17 Ollama ollama[25542]: llm_load_print_meta: max token length = 150

+1 for this issue

The context window size is from the model source, see max_position_embeddings in config.json.  This is the parameter that is used if n_ctx is not set.  It's not clear to me why this is a problem - the context window defines the largest set of tokens that the model can ingest, but the client is not required to send that many tokens.  If the query is limited to less than 128k tokens it will work just as well.  If the disparity is still a concern, "n_ctx": 128000, can be added to config.json and the model can be re-quantized locally.
With respect to the needle test, can you provide more info?  I couldn't find a copy of LLMTest_NeedleInAHaystack that works with ollama (due to the tokenization issue that I don't have time to workaround) so I used the poor-man's-copy from haystack-test.  This scored 100% on context size of 8192 and 32000 and 80% on 64000.  I couldn't test 128000 because my machine doesn't have the resources.  So in limited testing it appears that the model is not great for NIAH for context windows > 32k, is that what you are seeing?

So there's definitely something odd going on (at least for me). I've taken the liberty of repeating the same test that you had but only doing 10 tests with 8K context.
I've included the results here and also the server logs during the time of execution of the tests.
Test result: Score: 7/10, 70.00%

Test Results
si@Simons-Mac-mini haystack-test % python3 haystack-multi.py -m mistral-nemo -f text.txt -s secrets.txt -c 8192 -t 100
Testing mistral-nemo
Secret: The silvery moon cast a glowing path across the dark sea.
Inserted 2: "cast a glowing" at 955, 3: "path across the dark sea." at 980, 1: "The silvery moon" at 2188
Total: 58.28 secs, Load: 4.48 secs, Prompt Processing: 7528 tokens, 153.49 tk/s, Text Generation: 56 tokens, 11.87 tk/s
Response: The secret fragments are:

"The silvery moon"
"cast a glowing"
"path across the dark sea."

Arranged in numerical order, the complete secret sentence is: "The silvery moon casts a glowing path across the dark sea."
Failed test 1/100
Score: 0/1, 0.00%
Secret: The busy beavers worked tirelessly to build their dam.
Inserted 2: "worked tirelessly to" at 317, 3: "build their dam." at 2196, 1: "The busy beavers" at 3588
Total: 51.79 secs, Load: 0.02 secs, Prompt Processing: 7527 tokens, 154.32 tk/s, Text Generation: 35 tokens, 11.83 tk/s
Response: The complete secret sentence using the numbered fragments is:
1: "The busy beavers"
2: "worked tirelessly to"
3: "build their dam."
Failed test 2/100
Score: 0/2, 0.00%
Secret: The mechanic's tools clanged as he worked under the hood of the classic car.
Inserted 2: "as he worked under" at 840, 3: "the hood of the classic car." at 2215, 1: "The mechanic's tools clanged" at 2496
Total: 50.41 secs, Load: 0.02 secs, Prompt Processing: 7530 tokens, 154.11 tk/s, Text Generation: 18 tokens, 12.08 tk/s
Response: The mechanic's tools clanged as he worked under the hood of the classic car.
Passed test 3/100
Score: 1/3, 33.33%
Secret: The sculptor's chisel peeled away marble to reveal the form within.
Inserted 1: "The sculptor's chisel" at 2078, 3: "to reveal the form within." at 3925, 2: "peeled away marble" at 3941
Total: 51.56 secs, Load: 0.02 secs, Prompt Processing: 7529 tokens, 154.19 tk/s, Text Generation: 32 tokens, 11.98 tk/s
Response: The secret sentence assembled from the numbered fragments hidden in the text is:
"To reveal the form within, peel away marble with a sculptor's chisel."
Failed test 4/100
Score: 1/4, 25.00%
Secret: The stars twinkled brightly in the dark night sky.
Inserted 3: "dark night sky." at 323, 2: "brightly in the" at 901, 1: "The stars twinkled" at 3164
Total: 49.82 secs, Load: 0.02 secs, Prompt Processing: 7526 tokens, 154.44 tk/s, Text Generation: 13 tokens, 12.60 tk/s
Response: The stars twinkled brightly in the dark night sky.
Passed test 5/100
Score: 2/5, 40.00%
Secret: The inventor unveiled his latest creation.
Inserted 3: "latest creation." at 523, 2: "unveiled his" at 3389, 1: "The inventor" at 4257
Total: 49.96 secs, Load: 0.01 secs, Prompt Processing: 7523 tokens, 155.24 tk/s, Text Generation: 18 tokens, 12.37 tk/s
Response: The secret sentence assembled from the numbered fragments is:
"The inventor unveiled his latest creation."
Passed test 6/100
Score: 3/6, 50.00%
Secret: The photographer captured a fleeting moment, immortalizing it forever.
Inserted 2: "a fleeting moment," at 401, 3: "immortalizing it forever." at 2552, 1: "The photographer captured" at 2602
Total: 53.48 secs, Load: 0.01 secs, Prompt Processing: 7528 tokens, 154.54 tk/s, Text Generation: 56 tokens, 11.87 tk/s
Response: The secret fragments are:
1: "The photographer captured"
2: "a fleeting moment,"
3: "immortalizing it forever."
Arranged in numerical order, the complete secret sentence is:
"The photographer captured a fleeting moment, immortalizing it forever."
Passed test 7/100
Score: 4/7, 57.14%
Secret: The roaring fire warmed the cold room.
Inserted 1: "The roaring" at 484, 3: "the cold room." at 839, 2: "fire warmed" at 3228
Total: 52.63 secs, Load: 0.01 secs, Prompt Processing: 7522 tokens, 154.97 tk/s, Text Generation: 48 tokens, 11.86 tk/s
Response: The secret fragments are:
1: "The roaring"
2: "fire warmed"
3: "the cold room."
Arranged in numerical order, the complete secret sentence is: "The roaring fire warmed the cold room."
Passed test 8/100
Score: 5/8, 62.50%
Secret: The clock ticked away, marking the passing of another day.
Inserted 2: "away, marking the" at 591, 1: "The clock ticked" at 1372, 3: "passing of another day." at 1434
Total: 53.66 secs, Load: 0.01 secs, Prompt Processing: 7528 tokens, 154.26 tk/s, Text Generation: 57 tokens, 11.82 tk/s
Response: The secret fragments are:

"The clock ticked"
"away, marking the"
"passing of another day."

Arranged in numerical order, the complete secret sentence is: "The clock ticked away, marking the passing of another day."
Passed test 9/100
Score: 6/9, 66.67%
Secret: The ancient clock chimed solemnly in the heart of the old town.
Inserted 2: "solemnly in the heart" at 1028, 3: "of the old town." at 4175, 1: "The ancient clock chimed" at 4327
Total: 50.09 secs, Load: 0.01 secs, Prompt Processing: 7531 tokens, 154.47 tk/s, Text Generation: 16 tokens, 12.39 tk/s
Response: The ancient clock chimed solemnly in the heart of the old town.
Passed test 10/100
Score: 7/10, 70.00%

Server logs during execution
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:18:11 | 200 |      58.792µs |       <IP_ADDRESS> | HEAD     "/"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:18:11 | 200 |   11.793917ms |       <IP_ADDRESS> | GET      "/api/tags"
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.313+01:00 level=INFO source=sched.go:701 msg="new model will fit in available VRAM in single GPU, loading" model=/Users/si/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256-b559938ab7a0392fc9ea9675b82280f2a15669ec3e0e0fc491c9cb0a7681cf94 gpu=0 parallel=4 available=22906503168 required="14.1 GiB"
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.313+01:00 level=INFO source=memory.go:309 msg="offload to metal" layers.requested=-1 layers.model=41 layers.offload=41 layers.split="" memory.available="[21.3 GiB]" memory.required.full="14.1 GiB" memory.required.partial="14.1 GiB" memory.required.kv="5.0 GiB" memory.required.allocations="[14.1 GiB]" memory.weights.total="10.7 GiB" memory.weights.repeating="10.2 GiB" memory.weights.nonrepeating="525.0 MiB" memory.graph.full="2.1 GiB" memory.graph.partial="2.1 GiB"
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.314+01:00 level=INFO source=server.go:383 msg="starting llama server" cmd="/var/folders/2b/z8p4dwhn3v5544mf9jn3gkrr0000gn/T/ollama3452655135/runners/metal/ollama_llama_server --model /Users/si/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256-b559938ab7a0392fc9ea9675b82280f2a15669ec3e0e0fc491c9cb0a7681cf94 --ctx-size 32768 --batch-size 512 --embedding --log-disable --n-gpu-layers 41 --mlock --parallel 4 --port 56532"
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.316+01:00 level=INFO source=sched.go:437 msg="loaded runners" count=1
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.316+01:00 level=INFO source=server.go:583 msg="waiting for llama runner to start responding"
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.316+01:00 level=INFO source=server.go:617 msg="waiting for server to become available" status="llm server error"
INFO [main] build info | build=3440 commit="d94c6e0c" tid="0x2053a8c00" timestamp=1721765936
INFO [main] system info | n_threads=6 n_threads_batch=-1 system_info="AVX = 0 | AVX_VNNI = 0 | AVX2 = 0 | AVX512 = 0 | AVX512_VBMI = 0 | AVX512_VNNI = 0 | AVX512_BF16 = 0 | FMA = 0 | NEON = 1 | SVE = 0 | ARM_FMA = 1 | F16C = 0 | FP16_VA = 1 | WASM_SIMD = 0 | BLAS = 1 | SSE3 = 0 | SSSE3 = 0 | VSX = 0 | MATMUL_INT8 = 0 | LLAMAFILE = 0 | " tid="0x2053a8c00" timestamp=1721765936 total_threads=10
INFO [main] HTTP server listening | hostname="<IP_ADDRESS>" n_threads_http="9" port="56532" tid="0x2053a8c00" timestamp=1721765936
llama_model_loader: loaded meta data with 35 key-value pairs and 363 tensors from /Users/si/.ollama/models/blobs/sha256-b559938ab7a0392fc9ea9675b82280f2a15669ec3e0e0fc491c9cb0a7681cf94 (version GGUF V3 (latest))
llama_model_loader: Dumping metadata keys/values. Note: KV overrides do not apply in this output.
llama_model_loader: - kv   0:                       general.architecture str              = llama
llama_model_loader: - kv   1:                               general.type str              = model
llama_model_loader: - kv   2:                               general.name str              = Mistral Nemo Instruct 2407
llama_model_loader: - kv   3:                            general.version str              = 2407
llama_model_loader: - kv   4:                           general.finetune str              = Instruct
llama_model_loader: - kv   5:                           general.basename str              = Mistral-Nemo
llama_model_loader: - kv   6:                         general.size_label str              = 12B
llama_model_loader: - kv   7:                            general.license str              = apache-2.0
llama_model_loader: - kv   8:                          general.languages arr[str,9]       = ["en", "fr", "de", "es", "it", "pt", ...
llama_model_loader: - kv   9:                          llama.block_count u32              = 40
llama_model_loader: - kv  10:                       llama.context_length u32              = 1024000
llama_model_loader: - kv  11:                     llama.embedding_length u32              = 5120
llama_model_loader: - kv  12:                  llama.feed_forward_length u32              = 14336
llama_model_loader: - kv  13:                 llama.attention.head_count u32              = 32
llama_model_loader: - kv  14:              llama.attention.head_count_kv u32              = 8
llama_model_loader: - kv  15:                       llama.rope.freq_base f32              = 1000000.000000
llama_model_loader: - kv  16:     llama.attention.layer_norm_rms_epsilon f32              = 0.000010
llama_model_loader: - kv  17:                 llama.attention.key_length u32              = 128
llama_model_loader: - kv  18:               llama.attention.value_length u32              = 128
llama_model_loader: - kv  19:                          general.file_type u32              = 2
llama_model_loader: - kv  20:                           llama.vocab_size u32              = 131072
llama_model_loader: - kv  21:                 llama.rope.dimension_count u32              = 128
llama_model_loader: - kv  22:            tokenizer.ggml.add_space_prefix bool             = false
llama_model_loader: - kv  23:                       tokenizer.ggml.model str              = gpt2
llama_model_loader: - kv  24:                         tokenizer.ggml.pre str              = tekken
llama_model_loader: - kv  25:                      tokenizer.ggml.tokens arr[str,131072]  = ["", "", "", "[INST]", "[...
llama_model_loader: - kv  26:                  tokenizer.ggml.token_type arr[i32,131072]  = [3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, ...
llama_model_loader: - kv  27:                      tokenizer.ggml.merges arr[str,269443]  = ["Ġ Ġ", "Ġ t", "e r", "i n", "Ġ �...
llama_model_loader: - kv  28:                tokenizer.ggml.bos_token_id u32              = 1
llama_model_loader: - kv  29:                tokenizer.ggml.eos_token_id u32              = 2
llama_model_loader: - kv  30:            tokenizer.ggml.unknown_token_id u32              = 0
llama_model_loader: - kv  31:               tokenizer.ggml.add_bos_token bool             = true
llama_model_loader: - kv  32:               tokenizer.ggml.add_eos_token bool             = false
llama_model_loader: - kv  33:                    tokenizer.chat_template str              = {%- if messages[0]['role'] == 'system...
llama_model_loader: - kv  34:               general.quantization_version u32              = 2
llama_model_loader: - type  f32:   81 tensors
llama_model_loader: - type q4_0:  281 tensors
llama_model_loader: - type q6_K:    1 tensors
time=2024-07-23T21:18:56.567+01:00 level=INFO source=server.go:617 msg="waiting for server to become available" status="llm server loading model"
llm_load_vocab: special tokens cache size = 1000
llm_load_vocab: token to piece cache size = 0.8498 MB
llm_load_print_meta: format           = GGUF V3 (latest)
llm_load_print_meta: arch             = llama
llm_load_print_meta: vocab type       = BPE
llm_load_print_meta: n_vocab          = 131072
llm_load_print_meta: n_merges         = 269443
llm_load_print_meta: vocab_only       = 0
llm_load_print_meta: n_ctx_train      = 1024000
llm_load_print_meta: n_embd           = 5120
llm_load_print_meta: n_layer          = 40
llm_load_print_meta: n_head           = 32
llm_load_print_meta: n_head_kv        = 8
llm_load_print_meta: n_rot            = 128
llm_load_print_meta: n_swa            = 0
llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_head_k    = 128
llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_head_v    = 128
llm_load_print_meta: n_gqa            = 4
llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_k_gqa     = 1024
llm_load_print_meta: n_embd_v_gqa     = 1024
llm_load_print_meta: f_norm_eps       = 0.0e+00
llm_load_print_meta: f_norm_rms_eps   = 1.0e-05
llm_load_print_meta: f_clamp_kqv      = 0.0e+00
llm_load_print_meta: f_max_alibi_bias = 0.0e+00
llm_load_print_meta: f_logit_scale    = 0.0e+00
llm_load_print_meta: n_ff             = 14336
llm_load_print_meta: n_expert         = 0
llm_load_print_meta: n_expert_used    = 0
llm_load_print_meta: causal attn      = 1
llm_load_print_meta: pooling type     = 0
llm_load_print_meta: rope type        = 0
llm_load_print_meta: rope scaling     = linear
llm_load_print_meta: freq_base_train  = 1000000.0
llm_load_print_meta: freq_scale_train = 1
llm_load_print_meta: n_ctx_orig_yarn  = 1024000
llm_load_print_meta: rope_finetuned   = unknown
llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_conv       = 0
llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_inner      = 0
llm_load_print_meta: ssm_d_state      = 0
llm_load_print_meta: ssm_dt_rank      = 0
llm_load_print_meta: model type       = 13B
llm_load_print_meta: model ftype      = Q4_0
llm_load_print_meta: model params     = 12.25 B
llm_load_print_meta: model size       = 6.58 GiB (4.61 BPW)
llm_load_print_meta: general.name     = Mistral Nemo Instruct 2407
llm_load_print_meta: BOS token        = 1 ''
llm_load_print_meta: EOS token        = 2 ''
llm_load_print_meta: UNK token        = 0 ''
llm_load_print_meta: LF token         = 1196 'Ä'
llm_load_print_meta: max token length = 150
llm_load_tensors: ggml ctx size =    0.34 MiB
ggml_backend_metal_log_allocated_size: allocated buffer, size =  6376.59 MiB, ( 6376.66 / 21845.34)
llm_load_tensors: offloading 40 repeating layers to GPU
llm_load_tensors: offloading non-repeating layers to GPU
llm_load_tensors: offloaded 41/41 layers to GPU
llm_load_tensors:        CPU buffer size =   360.00 MiB
llm_load_tensors:      Metal buffer size =  6376.58 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model: n_ctx      = 32768
llama_new_context_with_model: n_batch    = 512
llama_new_context_with_model: n_ubatch   = 512
llama_new_context_with_model: flash_attn = 0
llama_new_context_with_model: freq_base  = 1000000.0
llama_new_context_with_model: freq_scale = 1
ggml_metal_init: allocating
ggml_metal_init: found device: Apple M2 Pro
ggml_metal_init: picking default device: Apple M2 Pro
ggml_metal_init: using embedded metal library
ggml_metal_init: GPU name:   Apple M2 Pro
ggml_metal_init: GPU family: MTLGPUFamilyApple8  (1008)
ggml_metal_init: GPU family: MTLGPUFamilyCommon3 (3003)
ggml_metal_init: GPU family: MTLGPUFamilyMetal3  (5001)
ggml_metal_init: simdgroup reduction support   = true
ggml_metal_init: simdgroup matrix mul. support = true
ggml_metal_init: hasUnifiedMemory              = true
ggml_metal_init: recommendedMaxWorkingSetSize  = 22906.50 MB
llama_kv_cache_init:      Metal KV buffer size =  5120.00 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model: KV self size  = 5120.00 MiB, K (f16): 2560.00 MiB, V (f16): 2560.00 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model:        CPU  output buffer size =     2.08 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model:      Metal compute buffer size =  2148.00 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model:        CPU compute buffer size =    74.01 MiB
llama_new_context_with_model: graph nodes  = 1286
llama_new_context_with_model: graph splits = 2
INFO [main] model loaded | tid="0x2053a8c00" timestamp=1721765940
time=2024-07-23T21:19:00.754+01:00 level=INFO source=server.go:622 msg="llama runner started in 4.44 seconds"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:19:54 | 200 | 58.278754542s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:20:46 | 200 | 51.786484292s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:21:36 | 200 | 50.410828459s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:22:10 | 200 |      16.625µs |       <IP_ADDRESS> | HEAD     "/"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:22:10 | 200 |      103.75µs |       <IP_ADDRESS> | GET      "/api/ps"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:22:28 | 200 | 51.561848542s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:23:18 | 200 | 49.819822666s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:24:08 | 200 | 49.960540959s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:25:01 | 200 |  53.47594725s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:25:54 | 200 |   52.6346965s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:26:47 | 200 | 53.664786458s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:27:38 | 200 | 50.090380084s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"
[GIN] 2024/07/23 - 21:27:40 | 500 |  2.598865541s |             ::1 | POST     "/api/chat"

Since my main use case is that I have my own created 6000 token work context file, I generally ask a question, after inserting it into long context, where the question is usually a piece of information in the middle of the file.
To help re-create the scenario with public data, I have for example taken the public works of pride and prejudice book and have cut it into around about 39K tokens. (apologies that github markdown doesn't like my use of three backticks to denote a description of context to the model)

39K token data and prompt
Below is a book of pride and prejudice between three backticks
PRIDE.
and
PREJUDICE

by
Jane Austen,

with a Preface by
George Saintsbury
and
Illustrations by
Hugh Thomson
Ruskin
House.	      	156. Charing
Cross Road.
London
George Allen.
CHISWICK PRESS:—CHARLES WHITTINGHAM AND CO.
TOOKS COURT, CHANCERY LANE, LONDON.
{vii}
To J. Comyns Carr in acknowledgment of all I owe to his friendship and advice, these illustrations are gratefully inscribed  Hugh Thomson
{ix} PREFACE.

Walt Whitman has somewhere a fine and just distinction between “loving by allowance” and “loving with personal love.” This distinction applies to books as well as to men and women; and in the case of the not very numerous authors who are the objects of the personal affection, it brings a curious consequence with it. There is much more difference as to their best work than in the case of those others who are loved “by allowance” by convention, and because it is felt to be the right and proper thing to love them. And in the sect—fairly large and yet unusually choice—of Austenians or Janites, there would probably be found partisans of the claim to primacy of almost every one of the novels. To some the delightful freshness and humour of Northanger Abbey, its completeness, finish, and entrain, obscure the undoubted critical facts that its scale is small, and its scheme, after all, that of burlesque or parody, a kind in which the first rank is reached with difficulty. Persuasion, relatively faint in tone, and not enthralling in interest, has devotees who exalt above all the others its exquisite delicacy and keeping. The catastrophe of Mansfield Park is admittedly theatrical, the hero and heroine are insipid, and the author has almost{x} wickedly destroyed all romantic interest by expressly admitting that Edmund only took Fanny because Mary shocked him, and that Fanny might very likely have taken Crawford if he had been a little more assiduous; yet the matchless rehearsal-scenes and the characters of Mrs. Norris and others have secured, I believe, a considerable party for it. Sense and Sensibility has perhaps the fewest out-and-out admirers; but it does not want them.
I suppose, however, that the majority of at least competent votes would, all things considered, be divided between Emma and the present book; and perhaps the vulgar verdict (if indeed a fondness for Miss Austen be not of itself a patent of exemption from any possible charge of vulgarity) would go for Emma. It is the larger, the more varied, the more popular; the author had by the time of its composition seen rather more of the world, and had improved her general, though not her most peculiar and characteristic dialogue; such figures as Miss Bates, as the Eltons, cannot but unite the suffrages of everybody. On the other hand, I, for my part, declare for Pride and Prejudice unhesitatingly. It seems to me the most perfect, the most characteristic, the most eminently quintessential of its author’s works; and for this contention in such narrow space as is permitted to me, I propose here to show cause.
In the first place, the book (it may be barely necessary to remind the reader) was in its first shape written very early, somewhere about 1796, when Miss Austen was barely twenty-one; though it was revised and finished at Chawton some fifteen years later, and was not published till 1813, only four years before her death. I do not know whether, in{xi} this combination of the fresh and vigorous projection of youth, and the critical revision of middle life, there may be traced the distinct superiority in point of construction, which, as it seems to me, it possesses over all the others. The plot, though not elaborate, is almost regular enough for Fielding; hardly a character, hardly an incident could be retrenched without loss to the story. The elopement of Lydia and Wickham is not, like that of Crawford and Mrs. Rushworth, a coup de théâtre; it connects itself in the strictest way with the course of the story earlier, and brings about the denouement with complete propriety. All the minor passages—the loves of Jane and Bingley, the advent of Mr. Collins, the visit to Hunsford, the Derbyshire tour—fit in after the same unostentatious, but masterly fashion. There is no attempt at the hide-and-seek, in-and-out business, which in the transactions between Frank Churchill and Jane Fairfax contributes no doubt a good deal to the intrigue of Emma, but contributes it in a fashion which I do not think the best feature of that otherwise admirable book. Although Miss Austen always liked something of the misunderstanding kind, which afforded her opportunities for the display of the peculiar and incomparable talent to be noticed presently, she has been satisfied here with the perfectly natural occasions provided by the false account of Darcy’s conduct given by Wickham, and by the awkwardness (arising with equal naturalness) from the gradual transformation of Elizabeth’s own feelings from positive aversion to actual love. I do not know whether the all-grasping hand of the playwright has ever been laid upon Pride and Prejudice; and I dare say that,{xii} if it were, the situations would prove not startling or garish enough for the footlights, the character-scheme too subtle and delicate for pit and gallery. But if the attempt were made, it would certainly not be hampered by any of those loosenesses of construction, which, sometimes disguised by the conveniences of which the novelist can avail himself, appear at once on the stage.
I think, however, though the thought will doubtless seem heretical to more than one school of critics, that construction is not the highest merit, the choicest gift, of the novelist. It sets off his other gifts and graces most advantageously to the critical eye; and the want of it will sometimes mar those graces—appreciably, though not quite consciously—to eyes by no means ultra-critical. But a very badly-built novel which excelled in pathetic or humorous character, or which displayed consummate command of dialogue—perhaps the rarest of all faculties—would be an infinitely better thing than a faultless plot acted and told by puppets with pebbles in their mouths. And despite the ability which Miss Austen has shown in working out the story, I for one should put Pride and Prejudice far lower if it did not contain what seem to me the very masterpieces of Miss Austen’s humour and of her faculty of character-creation—masterpieces who may indeed admit John Thorpe, the Eltons, Mrs. Norris, and one or two others to their company, but who, in one instance certainly, and perhaps in others, are still superior to them.
The characteristics of Miss Austen’s humour are so subtle and delicate that they are, perhaps, at all times easier to apprehend than to express, and at any particular{xiii} time likely to be differently apprehended by different persons. To me this humour seems to possess a greater affinity, on the whole, to that of Addison than to any other of the numerous species of this great British genus. The differences of scheme, of time, of subject, of literary convention, are, of course, obvious enough; the difference of sex does not, perhaps, count for much, for there was a distinctly feminine element in “Mr. Spectator,” and in Jane Austen’s genius there was, though nothing mannish, much that was masculine. But the likeness of quality consists in a great number of common subdivisions of quality—demureness, extreme minuteness of touch, avoidance of loud tones and glaring effects. Also there is in both a certain not inhuman or unamiable cruelty. It is the custom with those who judge grossly to contrast the good nature of Addison with the savagery of Swift, the mildness of Miss Austen with the boisterousness of Fielding and Smollett, even with the ferocious practical jokes that her immediate predecessor, Miss Burney, allowed without very much protest. Yet, both in Mr. Addison and in Miss Austen there is, though a restrained and well-mannered, an insatiable and ruthless delight in roasting and cutting up a fool. A man in the early eighteenth century, of course, could push this taste further than a lady in the early nineteenth; and no doubt Miss Austen’s principles, as well as her heart, would have shrunk from such things as the letter from the unfortunate husband in the Spectator, who describes, with all the gusto and all the innocence in the world, how his wife and his friend induce him to play at blind-man’s-buff. But another Spectator letter—that of the damsel of fourteen who{xiv} wishes to marry Mr. Shapely, and assures her selected Mentor that “he admires your Spectators mightily”—might have been written by a rather more ladylike and intelligent Lydia Bennet in the days of Lydia’s great-grandmother; while, on the other hand, some (I think unreasonably) have found “cynicism” in touches of Miss Austen’s own, such as her satire of Mrs. Musgrove’s self-deceiving regrets over her son. But this word “cynical” is one of the most misused in the English language, especially when, by a glaring and gratuitous falsification of its original sense, it is applied, not to rough and snarling invective, but to gentle and oblique satire. If cynicism means the perception of “the other side,” the sense of “the accepted hells beneath,” the consciousness that motives are nearly always mixed, and that to seem is not identical with to be—if this be cynicism, then every man and woman who is not a fool, who does not care to live in a fool’s paradise, who has knowledge of nature and the world and life, is a cynic. And in that sense Miss Austen certainly was one. She may even have been one in the further sense that, like her own Mr. Bennet, she took an epicurean delight in dissecting, in displaying, in setting at work her fools and her mean persons. I think she did take this delight, and I do not think at all the worse of her for it as a woman, while she was immensely the better for it as an artist.
In respect of her art generally, Mr. Goldwin Smith has truly observed that “metaphor has been exhausted in depicting the perfection of it, combined with the narrowness of her field;” and he has justly added that we need not go beyond her own comparison to the art of a miniature{xv} painter. To make this latter observation quite exact we must not use the term miniature in its restricted sense, and must think rather of Memling at one end of the history of painting and Meissonier at the other, than of Cosway or any of his kind. And I am not so certain that I should myself use the word “narrow” in connection with her. If her world is a microcosm, the cosmic quality of it is at least as eminent as the littleness. She does not touch what she did not feel herself called to paint; I am not so sure that she could not have painted what she did not feel herself called to touch. It is at least remarkable that in two very short periods of writing—one of about three years, and another of not much more than five—she executed six capital works, and has not left a single failure. It is possible that the romantic paste in her composition was defective: we must always remember that hardly anybody born in her decade—that of the eighteenth-century seventies—independently exhibited the full romantic quality. Even Scott required hill and mountain and ballad, even Coleridge metaphysics and German to enable them to chip the classical shell. Miss Austen was an English girl, brought up in a country retirement, at the time when ladies went back into the house if there was a white frost which might pierce their kid shoes, when a sudden cold was the subject of the gravest fears, when their studies, their ways, their conduct were subject to all those fantastic limits and restrictions against which Mary Wollstonecraft protested with better general sense than particular taste or judgment. Miss Austen, too, drew back when the white frost touched her shoes; but I think she would have made a pretty good journey even in a black one.{xvi}
For if her knowledge was not very extended, she knew two things which only genius knows. The one was humanity, and the other was art. On the first head she could not make a mistake; her men, though limited, are true, and her women are, in the old sense, “absolute.” As to art, if she has never tried idealism, her realism is real to a degree which makes the false realism of our own day look merely dead-alive. Take almost any Frenchman, except the late M. de Maupassant, and watch him laboriously piling up strokes in the hope of giving a complete impression. You get none; you are lucky if, discarding two-thirds of what he gives, you can shape a real impression out of the rest. But with Miss Austen the myriad, trivial, unforced strokes build up the picture like magic. Nothing is false; nothing is superfluous. When (to take the present book only) Mr. Collins changed his mind from Jane to Elizabeth “while Mrs. Bennet was stirring the fire” (and we know how Mrs. Bennet would have stirred the fire), when Mr. Darcy “brought his coffee-cup back himself,” the touch in each case is like that of Swift—“taller by the breadth of my nail”—which impressed the half-reluctant Thackeray with just and outspoken admiration. Indeed, fantastic as it may seem, I should put Miss Austen as near to Swift in some ways, as I have put her to Addison in others.
This Swiftian quality appears in the present novel as it appears nowhere else in the character of the immortal, the ineffable Mr. Collins. Mr. Collins is really great; far greater than anything Addison ever did, almost great enough for Fielding or for Swift himself. It has been said that no one ever was like him. But in the first{xvii} place, he was like him; he is there—alive, imperishable, more real than hundreds of prime ministers and archbishops, of “metals, semi-metals, and distinguished philosophers.” In the second place, it is rash, I think, to conclude that an actual Mr. Collins was impossible or non-existent at the end of the eighteenth century. It is very interesting that we possess, in this same gallery, what may be called a spoiled first draught, or an unsuccessful study of him, in John Dashwood. The formality, the under-breeding, the meanness, are there; but the portrait is only half alive, and is felt to be even a little unnatural. Mr. Collins is perfectly natural, and perfectly alive. In fact, for all the “miniature,” there is something gigantic in the way in which a certain side, and more than one, of humanity, and especially eighteenth-century humanity, its Philistinism, its well-meaning but hide-bound morality, its formal pettiness, its grovelling respect for rank, its materialism, its selfishness, receives exhibition. I will not admit that one speech or one action of this inestimable man is incapable of being reconciled with reality, and I should not wonder if many of these words and actions are historically true.
But the greatness of Mr. Collins could not have been so satisfactorily exhibited if his creatress had not adjusted so artfully to him the figures of Mr. Bennet and of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. The latter, like Mr. Collins himself, has been charged with exaggeration. There is, perhaps, a very faint shade of colour for the charge; but it seems to me very faint indeed. Even now I do not think that it would be impossible to find persons, especially female persons, not necessarily of noble birth, as overbearing, as{xviii} self-centred, as neglectful of good manners, as Lady Catherine. A hundred years ago, an earl’s daughter, the Lady Powerful (if not exactly Bountiful) of an out-of-the-way country parish, rich, long out of marital authority, and so forth, had opportunities of developing these agreeable characteristics which seldom present themselves now. As for Mr. Bennet, Miss Austen, and Mr. Darcy, and even Miss Elizabeth herself, were, I am inclined to think, rather hard on him for the “impropriety” of his conduct. His wife was evidently, and must always have been, a quite irreclaimable fool; and unless he had shot her or himself there was no way out of it for a man of sense and spirit but the ironic. From no other point of view is he open to any reproach, except for an excusable and not unnatural helplessness at the crisis of the elopement, and his utterances are the most acutely delightful in the consciously humorous kind—in the kind that we laugh with, not at—that even Miss Austen has put into the mouth of any of her characters. It is difficult to know whether he is most agreeable when talking to his wife, or when putting Mr. Collins through his paces; but the general sense of the world has probably been right in preferring to the first rank his consolation to the former when she maunders over the entail, “My dear, do not give way to such gloomy thoughts. Let us hope for better things. Let us flatter ourselves that I may be the survivor;” and his inquiry to his colossal cousin as to the compliments which Mr. Collins has just related as made by himself to Lady Catherine, “May I ask whether these pleasing attentions proceed from the impulse of the moment,{xix} or are the result of previous study?” These are the things which give Miss Austen’s readers the pleasant shocks, the delightful thrills, which are felt by the readers of Swift, of Fielding, and we may here add, of Thackeray, as they are felt by the readers of no other English author of fiction outside of these four.
The goodness of the minor characters in Pride and Prejudice has been already alluded to, and it makes a detailed dwelling on their beauties difficult in any space, and impossible in this. Mrs. Bennet we have glanced at, and it is not easy to say whether she is more exquisitely amusing or more horribly true. Much the same may be said of Kitty and Lydia; but it is not every author, even of genius, who would have differentiated with such unerring skill the effects of folly and vulgarity of intellect and disposition working upon the common weaknesses of woman at such different ages. With Mary, Miss Austen has taken rather less pains, though she has been even more unkind to her; not merely in the text, but, as we learn from those interesting traditional appendices which Mr. Austen Leigh has given us, in dooming her privately to marry “one of Mr. Philips’s clerks.” The habits of first copying and then retailing moral sentiments, of playing and singing too long in public, are, no doubt, grievous and criminal; but perhaps poor Mary was rather the scapegoat of the sins of blue stockings in that Fordyce-belectured generation. It is at any rate difficult not to extend to her a share of the respect and affection (affection and respect of a peculiar kind; doubtless), with which one regards Mr. Collins, when she draws the moral of Lydia’s fall. I{xx} sometimes wish that the exigencies of the story had permitted Miss Austen to unite these personages, and thus at once achieve a notable mating and soothe poor Mrs. Bennet’s anguish over the entail.
The Bingleys and the Gardiners and the Lucases, Miss Darcy and Miss de Bourgh, Jane, Wickham, and the rest, must pass without special comment, further than the remark that Charlotte Lucas (her egregious papa, though delightful, is just a little on the thither side of the line between comedy and farce) is a wonderfully clever study in drab of one kind, and that Wickham (though something of Miss Austen’s hesitation of touch in dealing with young men appears) is a not much less notable sketch in drab of another. Only genius could have made Charlotte what she is, yet not disagreeable; Wickham what he is, without investing him either with a cheap Don Juanish attractiveness or a disgusting rascality. But the hero and the heroine are not tints to be dismissed.
Darcy has always seemed to me by far the best and most interesting of Miss Austen’s heroes; the only possible competitor being Henry Tilney, whose part is so slight and simple that it hardly enters into comparison. It has sometimes, I believe, been urged that his pride is unnatural at first in its expression and later in its yielding, while his falling in love at all is not extremely probable. Here again I cannot go with the objectors. Darcy’s own account of the way in which his pride had been pampered, is perfectly rational and sufficient; and nothing could be, psychologically speaking, a causa verior for its sudden restoration to healthy conditions than the shock of Elizabeth’s scornful refusal acting on a nature{xxi} ex hypothesi generous. Nothing in even our author is finer and more delicately touched than the change of his demeanour at the sudden meeting in the grounds of Pemberley. Had he been a bad prig or a bad coxcomb, he might have been still smarting under his rejection, or suspicious that the girl had come husband-hunting. His being neither is exactly consistent with the probable feelings of a man spoilt in the common sense, but not really injured in disposition, and thoroughly in love. As for his being in love, Elizabeth has given as just an exposition of the causes of that phenomenon as Darcy has of the conditions of his unregenerate state, only she has of course not counted in what was due to her own personal charm.
The secret of that charm many men and not a few women, from Miss Austen herself downwards, have felt, and like most charms it is a thing rather to be felt than to be explained. Elizabeth of course belongs to the allegro or allegra division of the army of Venus. Miss Austen was always provokingly chary of description in regard to her beauties; and except the fine eyes, and a hint or two that she had at any rate sometimes a bright complexion, and was not very tall, we hear nothing about her looks. But her chief difference from other heroines of the lively type seems to lie first in her being distinctly clever—almost strong-minded, in the better sense of that objectionable word—and secondly in her being entirely destitute of ill-nature for all her propensity to tease and the sharpness of her tongue. Elizabeth can give at least as good as she gets when she is attacked; but she never “scratches,” and she never attacks first. Some of the merest obsoletenesses of phrase and{xxii} manner give one or two of her early speeches a slight pertness, but that is nothing, and when she comes to serious business, as in the great proposal scene with Darcy (which is, as it should be, the climax of the interest of the book), and in the final ladies’ battle with Lady Catherine, she is unexceptionable. Then too she is a perfectly natural girl. She does not disguise from herself or anybody that she resents Darcy’s first ill-mannered personality with as personal a feeling. (By the way, the reproach that the ill-manners of this speech are overdone is certainly unjust; for things of the same kind, expressed no doubt less stiltedly but more coarsely, might have been heard in more than one ball-room during this very year from persons who ought to have been no worse bred than Darcy.) And she lets the injury done to Jane and the contempt shown to the rest of her family aggravate this resentment in the healthiest way in the world.
Still, all this does not explain her charm, which, taking beauty as a common form of all heroines, may perhaps consist in the addition to her playfulness, her wit, her affectionate and natural disposition, of a certain fearlessness very uncommon in heroines of her type and age. Nearly all of them would have been in speechless awe of the magnificent Darcy; nearly all of them would have palpitated and fluttered at the idea of proposals, even naughty ones, from the fascinating Wickham. Elizabeth, with nothing offensive, nothing viraginous, nothing of the “New Woman” about her, has by nature what the best modern (not “new”) women have by education and experience, a perfect freedom from the idea that all men may bully her if they choose, and that most will{xxiii} away with her if they can. Though not in the least “impudent and mannish grown,” she has no mere sensibility, no nasty niceness about her. The form of passion common and likely to seem natural in Miss Austen’s day was so invariably connected with the display of one or the other, or both of these qualities, that she has not made Elizabeth outwardly passionate. But I, at least, have not the slightest doubt that she would have married Darcy just as willingly without Pemberley as with it, and anybody who can read between lines will not find the lovers’ conversations in the final chapters so frigid as they might have looked to the Della Cruscans of their own day, and perhaps do look to the Della Cruscans of this.
And, after all, what is the good of seeking for the reason of charm?—it is there. There were better sense in the sad mechanic exercise of determining the reason of its absence where it is not. In the novels of the last hundred years there are vast numbers of young ladies with whom it might be a pleasure to fall in love; there are at least five with whom, as it seems to me, no man of taste and spirit can help doing so. Their names are, in chronological order, Elizabeth Bennet, Diana Vernon, Argemone Lavington, Beatrix Esmond, and Barbara Grant. I should have been most in love with Beatrix and Argemone; I should, I think, for mere occasional companionship, have preferred Diana and Barbara. But to live with and to marry, I do not know that any one of the four can come into competition with Elizabeth.
George Saintsbury.
{xxiv}
{xxv} List of Illustrations.

 	PAGE
Frontispiece	iv
Title-page	v
Dedication	vii
Heading to Preface	ix
Heading to List of Illustrations	xxv
Heading to Chapter I.	1
“He came down to see the place”	2
Mr. and Mrs. Bennet	5
“I hope Mr. Bingley will like it”	6
“I’m the tallest”	9
“He rode a black horse”	10
“When the party entered”	12
“She is tolerable”	15
Heading to Chapter IV.	18
Heading to Chapter V.	22
“Without once opening his lips”	24
Tailpiece to Chapter V.	26
Heading to Chapter VI.	27
“The entreaties of several”	31
“A note for Miss Bennet”	36
“Cheerful prognostics”	40
“The apothecary came”	43
“Covering a screen”	45
“Mrs. Bennet and her two youngest girls”	53
Heading to Chapter X.	60
“No, no; stay where you are”	67
“Piling up the fire”	69
Heading to Chapter XII.	75
Heading to Chapter XIII.	78
Heading to Chapter XIV.	84
“Protested that he never read novels”	87
Heading to Chapter XV.	89
Heading to Chapter XVI.	95
“The officers of the ——shire”	97
“Delighted to see their dear friend again”	108
Heading to Chapter XVIII.	113
“Such very superior dancing is not often seen”	118
“To assure you in the most animated language”	132
Heading to Chapter XX.	139
“They entered the breakfast-room”	143
Heading to Chapter XXI.	146
“Walked back with them”	148
Heading to Chapter XXII.	154
“So much love and eloquence”	156
“Protested he must be entirely mistaken”	161
“Whenever she spoke in a low voice”	166
Heading to Chapter XXIV.	168
Heading to Chapter XXV.	175
“Offended two or three young ladies”	177
“Will you come and see me?”	181
“On the stairs”	189
“At the door”	194
“In conversation with the ladies”	198
“Lady Catherine,” said she, “you have given me a treasure”	200
Heading to Chapter XXX.	209
“He never failed to inform them”	211
“The gentlemen accompanied him”	213
Heading to Chapter XXXI.	215
Heading to Chapter XXXII.	221
“Accompanied by their aunt”	225
“On looking up”	228
Heading to Chapter XXXIV.	235
“Hearing herself called”	243
Heading to Chapter XXXVI.	253
“Meeting accidentally in town”	256
“His parting obeisance”	261
“Dawson”	263
“The elevation of his feelings”	267
“They had forgotten to leave any message”	270
“How nicely we are crammed in!”	272
Heading to Chapter XL.	278
“I am determined never to speak of it again”	283
“When Colonel Miller’s regiment went away”	285
“Tenderly flirting”	290
The arrival of the Gardiners	294
“Conjecturing as to the date”	301
Heading to Chapter XLIV.	318
“To make herself agreeable to all”	321
“Engaged by the river”	327
Heading to Chapter XLVI.	334
“I have not an instant to lose”	339
“The first pleasing earnest of their welcome”	345
The Post	359
“To whom I have related the affair”	363
Heading to Chapter XLIX.	368
“But perhaps you would like to read it”	370
“The spiteful old ladies”	377
“With an affectionate smile”	385
“I am sure she did not listen”	393
“Mr. Darcy with him”	404
“Jane happened to look round”	415
“Mrs. Long and her nieces”	420
“Lizzy, my dear, I want to speak to you”	422
Heading to Chapter LVI.	431
“After a short survey”	434
“But now it comes out”	442
“The efforts of his aunt”	448
“Unable to utter a syllable”	457
“The obsequious civility”	466
Heading to Chapter LXI.	472
The End	476
{1}

Chapter I.

IT is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession of a good fortune must be in want of a wife.
However little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his first entering a neighbourhood, this truth is so well fixed in the minds of the surrounding families, that he is considered as the rightful property of some one or other of their daughters.
“My dear Mr. Bennet,” said his lady to him one day, “have you heard that Netherfield Park is let at last?{2}”
Mr. Bennet replied that he had not.
“But it is,” returned she; “for Mrs. Long has just been here, and she told me all about it.”
Mr. Bennet made no answer.
“Do not you want to know who has taken it?” cried his wife, impatiently.
“You want to tell me, and I have no objection to hearing it.”

“He came down to see the place”
[Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
This was invitation enough.
“Why, my dear, you must know, Mrs. Long says that Netherfield is taken by a young man of large fortune from the north of England; that he came down on Monday in a chaise and four to see the place, and was so much delighted with it that he agreed with Mr. Morris immediately; that he is to take possession before Michaelmas, and some of his servants are to be in the house by the end of next week.{3}”
“What is his name?”
“Bingley.”
“Is he married or single?”
“Oh, single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
“How so? how can it affect them?”
“My dear Mr. Bennet,” replied his wife, “how can you be so tiresome? You must know that I am thinking of his marrying one of them.”
“Is that his design in settling here?”
“Design? Nonsense, how can you talk so! But it is very likely that he may fall in love with one of them, and therefore you must visit him as soon as he comes.”
“I see no occasion for that. You and the girls may go—or you may send them by themselves, which perhaps will be still better; for as you are as handsome as any of them, Mr. Bingley might like you the best of the party.”
“My dear, you flatter me. I certainly have had my share of beauty, but I do not pretend to be anything extraordinary now. When a woman has five grown-up daughters, she ought to give over thinking of her own beauty.”
“In such cases, a woman has not often much beauty to think of.”
“But, my dear, you must indeed go and see Mr. Bingley when he comes into the neighbourhood.”
“It is more than I engage for, I assure you.”
“But consider your daughters. Only think what an establishment it would be for one of them. Sir William and Lady Lucas are determined to go, merely on that account; for in general, you know, they visit no new{4} comers. Indeed you must go, for it will be impossible for us to visit him, if you do not.”
“You are over scrupulous, surely. I dare say Mr. Bingley will be very glad to see you; and I will send a few lines by you to assure him of my hearty consent to his marrying whichever he chooses of the girls—though I must throw in a good word for my little Lizzy.”
“I desire you will do no such thing. Lizzy is not a bit better than the others: and I am sure she is not half so handsome as Jane, nor half so good-humoured as Lydia.  You take delight in vexing me. You have no compassion on my poor nerves.”
“You mistake me, my dear. I have a high respect for your nerves. They are my old friends. I have heard you mention them with consideration these twenty years at least.”
“Ah, you do not know what I suffer.”
“But I hope you will get over it, and live to see many young men of four thousand a year come into the neighbourhood.”
“It will be no use to us, if twenty such should come, since you will not visit them.”
“Depend upon it, my dear, that when there are twenty, I will visit them all.”
Mr. Bennet was so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour, reserve, and caprice, that the experience of three-and-twenty years had been insufficient to{5} make his wife understand his character. Her mind was less difficult to develope. She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper. When she was discontented, she fancied herself nervous. The business of her life was to get her daughters married: its solace was visiting and news.

Mr. & Mrs. Bennet
[Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
{6}
 I hope Mr. Bingley will like it.

CHAPTER II.

MR. BENNET was among the earliest of those who waited on Mr. Bingley. He had always intended to visit him, though to the last always assuring his wife that he should not go; and till the evening after the visit was paid she had no knowledge of it. It was then disclosed in the following manner. Observing his second daughter employed in trimming a hat, he suddenly addressed her with,—
“I hope Mr. Bingley will like it, Lizzy.”
“We are not in a way to know what Mr. Bingley likes,” said her mother, resentfully, “since we are not to visit.{7}”
“But you forget, mamma,” said Elizabeth, “that we shall meet him at the assemblies, and that Mrs. Long has promised to introduce him.”
“I do not believe Mrs. Long will do any such thing. She has two nieces of her own. She is a selfish, hypocritical woman, and I have no opinion of her.”
“No more have I,” said Mr. Bennet; “and I am glad to find that you do not depend on her serving you.”
Mrs. Bennet deigned not to make any reply; but, unable to contain herself, began scolding one of her daughters.
“Don’t keep coughing so, Kitty, for heaven’s sake!   “When is your next ball to be, Lizzy?”
“To-morrow fortnight.”
“Ay, so it is,” cried her mother, “and Mrs. Long does not come back till the day before; so, it will be impossible for her to introduce him, for she will not know him herself.”
“Then, my dear, you may have the advantage of your friend, and introduce Mr. Bingley to her.”
“Impossible, Mr. Bennet, impossible, when I am not acquainted with him myself; how can you be so teasing?”
“I honour your circumspection. A fortnight’s acquaintance is certainly very little. One cannot know what a man really is by the end of a fortnight. But if we do not venture, somebody else will; and after all, Mrs. Long and her nieces must stand their chance; and, therefore,{8} as she will think it an act of kindness, if you decline the office, I will take it on myself.”
The girls stared at their father. Mrs. Bennet said only, “Nonsense, nonsense!”
“What can be the meaning of that emphatic exclamation?” cried he. “Do you consider the forms of introduction, and the stress that is laid on them, as nonsense? I cannot quite agree with you there. What say you, Mary? For you are a young lady of deep reflection, I know, and read great books, and make extracts.”
Mary wished to say something very sensible, but knew not how.

“I am sorry to hear that; but why did you not tell me so before? If I had known as much this morning, I certainly would not have called on him. It is very unlucky; but as I have actually paid the visit, we cannot escape the acquaintance now.”
The astonishment of the ladies was just what he wished—that of Mrs. Bennet perhaps surpassing the rest; though when the first tumult of joy was over, she began to declare that it was what she had expected all the while.
“How good it was in you, my dear Mr. Bennet! But I knew I should persuade you at last. I was sure you loved your girls too well to neglect such an acquaintance. Well, how pleased I am! And it is such a good joke, too, that you should have gone this morning, and never said a word about it till now.”
“Now, Kitty, you may cough as much as you choose,” said Mr. Bennet; and, as he spoke, he left the room, fatigued with the raptures of his wife.{9}
“What an excellent father you have, girls,” said she, when the door was shut. “I do not know how you will ever make him amends for his kindness; or me either, for that matter. At our time of life, it is not so pleasant, I can tell you, to be making new acquaintances every day; but for your sakes we would do anything. Lydia, my love, though you are the youngest, I dare say Mr. Bingley will dance with you at the next ball.”
“Oh,” said Lydia, stoutly, “I am not afraid; for though I am the youngest, I’m the tallest.”
The rest of the evening was spent in conjecturing how soon he would return Mr. Bennet’s visit, and determining when they should ask him to dinner.

“I’m the tallest{10}”

He rode a black horse.

CHAPTER III.

NOT all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley. They attacked him in various ways, with barefaced questions, ingenious suppositions, and distant surmises; but he eluded the skill of them all; and they were at{11} last obliged to accept the second-hand intelligence of their neighbour, Lady Lucas. Her report was highly favourable. Sir William had been delighted with him. He was quite young, wonderfully handsome, extremely agreeable, and, to crown the whole, he meant to be at the next assembly with a large party. Nothing could be more delightful! To be fond of dancing was a certain step towards falling in love; and very lively hopes of Mr. Bingley’s heart were entertained.
“If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield,” said Mrs. Bennet to her husband, “and all the others equally well married, I shall have nothing to wish for.”
In a few days Mr. Bingley returned Mr. Bennet’s visit, and sat about ten minutes with him in his library. He had entertained hopes of being admitted to a sight of the young ladies, of whose beauty he had heard much; but he saw only the father. The ladies were somewhat more fortunate, for they had the advantage of ascertaining, from an upper window, that he wore a blue coat and rode a black horse.
An invitation to dinner was soon afterwards despatched; and already had Mrs. Bennet planned the courses that were to do credit to her housekeeping, when an answer arrived which deferred it all. Mr. Bingley was obliged to be in town the following day, and consequently unable to accept the honour of their invitation, etc. Mrs. Bennet was quite disconcerted. She could not imagine what business he could have in town so soon after his arrival in Hertfordshire; and she began to fear that he might always be flying about from one place to another, and never settled at Netherfield as he ought to be. Lady Lucas quieted her fears a little by starting the idea of his{12}

“When the Party entered”
[Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
being gone to London only to get a large party for the ball; and a report soon followed that Mr. Bingley was to bring twelve ladies and seven gentlemen with him to the assembly. The girls grieved over such a number of{13} ladies; but were comforted the day before the ball by hearing that, instead of twelve, he had brought only six with him from London, his five sisters and a cousin. And when the party entered the assembly-room, it consisted of only five altogether: Mr. Bingley, his two sisters, the husband of the eldest, and another young man.
Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike: he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners. His sisters were fine women, with an air of decided fashion. His brother-in-law, Mr. Hurst, merely looked the gentleman; but his friend Mr. Darcy soon drew the attention of the room by his fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien, and the report, which was in general circulation within five minutes after his entrance, of his having ten thousand a year. The gentlemen pronounced him to be a fine figure of a man, the ladies declared he was much handsomer than Mr. Bingley, and he was looked at with great admiration for about half the evening, till his manners gave a disgust which turned the tide of his popularity; for he was discovered to be proud, to be above his company, and above being pleased; and not all his large estate in Derbyshire could save him from having a most forbidding, disagreeable countenance, and being unworthy to be compared with his friend.
Mr. Bingley had soon made himself acquainted with all the principal people in the room: he was lively and unreserved, danced every dance, was angry that the ball closed so early, and talked of giving one himself at Netherfield. Such amiable qualities must speak for themselves. What a contrast between him and his friend! Mr. Darcy danced only once with Mrs. Hurst and once with Miss Bingley, declined being introduced to{14} any other lady, and spent the rest of the evening in walking about the room, speaking occasionally to one of his own party. His character was decided. He was the proudest, most disagreeable man in the world, and everybody hoped that he would never come there again. Amongst the most violent against him was Mrs. Bennet, whose dislike of his general behaviour was sharpened into particular resentment by his having slighted one of her daughters.
Elizabeth Bennet had been obliged, by the scarcity of gentlemen, to sit down for two dances; and during part of that time, Mr. Darcy had been standing near enough for her to overhear a conversation between him and Mr. Bingley, who came from the dance for a few minutes to press his friend to join it.
“Come, Darcy,” said he, “I must have you dance.  You had much better dance.”
“I certainly shall not. You know how I detest it, unless I am particularly acquainted with my partner. At such an assembly as this, it would be insupportable. Your sisters are engaged, and there is not another woman in the room whom it would not be a punishment to me to stand up with.”
“I would not be so fastidious as you are,” cried Bingley, “for a kingdom! Upon my honour, I never met with so many pleasant girls in my life as I have this evening; and there are several of them, you see, uncommonly pretty.”
“You are dancing with the only handsome girl in the room,” said Mr. Darcy, looking at the eldest Miss Bennet.
“Oh, she is the most beautiful creature I ever beheld!{15} But there is one of her sisters sitting down just behind you, who is very pretty, and I dare say very agreeable. Do let me ask my partner to introduce you.”

“She is tolerable”
[Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
“Which do you mean?” and turning round, he looked for a moment at Elizabeth, till, catching her eye, he withdrew his own, and coldly said, “She is tolerable: but not handsome enough to tempt me; and I am in no humour at present to give consequence to young ladies who are slighted by other men. You had better return to your{16} partner and enjoy her smiles, for you are wasting your time with me.”
Mr. Bingley followed his advice. Mr. Darcy walked off; and Elizabeth remained with no very cordial feelings towards him. She told the story, however, with great spirit among her friends; for she had a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in anything ridiculous.
The evening altogether passed off pleasantly to the whole family. Mrs. Bennet had seen her eldest daughter much admired by the Netherfield party. Mr. Bingley had danced with her twice, and she had been distinguished by his sisters. Jane was as much gratified by this as her mother could be, though in a quieter way. Elizabeth felt Jane’s pleasure. Mary had heard herself mentioned to Miss Bingley as the most accomplished girl in the neighbourhood; and Catherine and Lydia had been fortunate enough to be never without partners, which was all that they had yet learnt to care for at a ball. They returned, therefore, in good spirits to Longbourn, the village where they lived, and of which they were the principal inhabitants. They found Mr. Bennet still up. With a book, he was regardless of time; and on the present occasion he had a good deal of curiosity as to the event of an evening which had raised such splendid expectations. He had rather hoped that all his wife’s views on the stranger would be disappointed; but he soon found that he had a very different story to hear.
“Oh, my dear Mr. Bennet,” as she entered the room, “we have had a most delightful evening, a most excellent ball. I wish you had been there. Jane was so admired, nothing could be like it. Everybody said how well she looked; and Mr. Bingley thought her quite beautiful, and danced with her twice. Only think of that, my dear: he{17} actually danced with her twice; and she was the only creature in the room that he asked a second time. First of all, he asked Miss Lucas. I was so vexed to see him stand up with her; but, however, he did not admire her at all; indeed, nobody can, you know; and he seemed quite struck with Jane as she was going down the dance. So he inquired who she was, and got introduced, and asked her for the two next. Then, the two third he danced with Miss King, and the two fourth with Maria Lucas, and the two fifth with Jane again, and the two sixth with Lizzy, and the Boulanger——”
“If he had had any compassion for me,” cried her husband impatiently, “he would not have danced half so much! For God’s sake, say no more of his partners. O that he had sprained his ancle in the first dance!”
“Oh, my dear,” continued Mrs. Bennet, “I am quite delighted with him.  I never in my life saw anything more elegant than their dresses. I dare say the lace upon Mrs. Hurst’s gown——”
Here she was interrupted again. Mr. Bennet protested against any description of finery. She was therefore obliged to seek another branch of the subject, and related, with much bitterness of spirit, and some exaggeration, the shocking rudeness of Mr. Darcy.
“But I can assure you,” she added, “that Lizzy does not lose much by not suiting his fancy; for he is a most disagreeable, horrid man, not at all worth pleasing. So high and so conceited, that there was no enduring him! He walked here, and he walked there, fancying himself so very great! Not handsome enough to dance with! I wish you had been there, my dear, to have given him one of your set-downs. I quite detest the man.{18}”

CHAPTER IV.

WHEN Jane and Elizabeth were alone, the former, who had been cautious in her praise of Mr. Bingley before, expressed to her sister how very much she admired him.
“He is just what a young-man ought to be,” said she, “sensible, good-humoured, lively; and I never saw such happy manners! so much ease, with such perfect good breeding!”
“He is also handsome,” replied Elizabeth, “which a young man ought likewise to be if he possibly can. His character is thereby complete.”
“I was very much flattered by his asking me to dance a second time. I did not expect such a compliment.”
“Did not you? I did for you. But that is one great difference between us. Compliments always take you by surprise, and me never. What could be more natural than his asking you again? He could not help seeing that you{19} were about five times as pretty as every other woman in the room. No thanks to his gallantry for that. Well, he certainly is very agreeable, and I give you leave to like him. You have liked many a stupider person.”
“Dear Lizzy!”
“Oh, you are a great deal too apt, you know, to like people in general. You never see a fault in anybody. All the world are good and agreeable in your eyes. I never heard you speak ill of a human being in my life.”
“I would wish not to be hasty in censuring anyone; but I always speak what I think.”
“I know you do: and it is that which makes the wonder. With your good sense, to be so honestly blind to the follies and nonsense of others! Affectation of candour is common enough; one meets with it everywhere. But to be candid without ostentation or design,—to take the good of everybody’s character and make it still better, and say nothing of the bad,—belongs to you alone. And so, you like this man’s sisters, too, do you? Their manners are not equal to his.”
“Certainly not, at first; but they are very pleasing women when you converse with them. Miss Bingley is to live with her brother, and keep his house; and I am much mistaken if we shall not find a very charming neighbour in her.”
Elizabeth listened in silence, but was not convinced: their behaviour at the assembly had not been calculated to please in general; and with more quickness of observation and less pliancy of temper than her sister, and with a judgment, too, unassailed by any attention to herself, she was very little disposed to approve them. They were, in fact, very fine ladies; not deficient in good-humour when they were pleased, nor in the power{20} of being agreeable where they chose it; but proud and conceited. They were rather handsome; had been educated in one of the first private seminaries in town; had a fortune of twenty thousand pounds; were in the habit of spending more than they ought, and of associating with people of rank; and were, therefore, in every respect entitled to think well of themselves and meanly of others. They were of a respectable family in the north of England; a circumstance more deeply impressed on their memories than that their brother’s fortune and their own had been acquired by trade.
Mr. Bingley inherited property to the amount of nearly a hundred thousand pounds from his father, who had intended to purchase an estate, but did not live to do it. Mr. Bingley intended it likewise, and sometimes made choice of his county; but, as he was now provided with a good house and the liberty of a manor, it was doubtful to many of those who best knew the easiness of his temper, whether he might not spend the remainder of his days at Netherfield, and leave the next generation to purchase.
His sisters were very anxious for his having an estate of his own; but though he was now established only as a tenant, Miss Bingley was by no means unwilling to preside at his table; nor was Mrs. Hurst, who had married a man of more fashion than fortune, less disposed to consider his house as her home when it suited her. Mr. Bingley had not been of age two years when he was tempted, by an accidental recommendation, to look at Netherfield House. He did look at it, and into it, for half an hour; was pleased with the situation and the principal rooms, satisfied with what the owner said in its praise, and took it immediately.
Between him and Darcy there was a very steady{21} friendship, in spite of a great opposition of character. Bingley was endeared to Darcy by the easiness, openness, and ductility of his temper, though no disposition could offer a greater contrast to his own, and though with his own he never appeared dissatisfied. On the strength of Darcy’s regard, Bingley had the firmest reliance, and of his judgment the highest opinion. In understanding, Darcy was the superior. Bingley was by no means deficient; but Darcy was clever. He was at the same time haughty, reserved, and fastidious; and his manners, though well bred, were not inviting. In that respect his friend had greatly the advantage. Bingley was sure of being liked wherever he appeared; Darcy was continually giving offence.
The manner in which they spoke of the Meryton assembly was sufficiently characteristic. Bingley had never met with pleasanter people or prettier girls in his life; everybody had been most kind and attentive to him; there had been no formality, no stiffness; he had soon felt acquainted with all the room; and as to Miss Bennet, he could not conceive an angel more beautiful. Darcy, on the contrary, had seen a collection of people in whom there was little beauty and no fashion, for none of whom he had felt the smallest interest, and from none received either attention or pleasure. Miss Bennet he acknowledged to be pretty; but she smiled too much.
Mrs. Hurst and her sister allowed it to be so; but still they admired her and liked her, and pronounced her to be a sweet girl, and one whom they should not object to know more of. Miss Bennet was therefore established as a sweet girl; and their brother felt authorized by such commendation to think of her as he chose.{22}

CHAPTER V.

WITHIN a short walk of Longbourn lived a family with whom the Bennets were particularly intimate. Sir William Lucas had been formerly in trade in Meryton, where he had made a tolerable fortune, and risen to the honour of knighthood by an address to the king during his mayoralty. The distinction had, perhaps, been felt too strongly. It had given him a disgust to his business and to his residence in a small market town; and, quitting them both, he had removed with his family to a house about a mile from Meryton, denominated from that period Lucas Lodge; where he could think with pleasure of his own importance, and, unshackled by business, occupy himself solely in being civil to all the world. For, though elated by his rank, it did not render him supercilious; on the contrary, he was all attention to everybody. By nature inoffensive, friendly, and obliging, his presentation at St. James’s had made him courteous.
Lady Lucas was a very good kind of woman, not too{23} clever to be a valuable neighbour to Mrs. Bennet. They had several children. The eldest of them, a sensible, intelligent young woman, about twenty-seven, was Elizabeth’s intimate friend.
That the Miss Lucases and the Miss Bennets should meet to talk over a ball was absolutely necessary; and the morning after the assembly brought the former to Longbourn to hear and to communicate.
“You began the evening well, Charlotte,” said Mrs. Bennet, with civil self-command, to Miss Lucas. “You were Mr. Bingley’s first choice.”
“Yes; but he seemed to like his second better.”
“Oh, you mean Jane, I suppose, because he danced with her twice. To be sure that did seem as if he admired her—indeed, I rather believe he did—I heard something about it—but I hardly know what—something about Mr. Robinson.”
“Perhaps you mean what I overheard between him and Mr. Robinson: did not I mention it to you? Mr. Robinson’s asking him how he liked our Meryton assemblies, and whether he did not think there were a great many pretty women in the room, and which he thought the prettiest? and his answering immediately to the last question, ‘Oh, the eldest Miss Bennet, beyond a doubt: there cannot be two opinions on that point.’”
“Upon my word! Well, that was very decided, indeed—that does seem as if—but, however, it may all come to nothing, you know.”
“My overhearings were more to the purpose than yours, Eliza,” said Charlotte. “Mr. Darcy is not so well worth listening to as his friend, is he? Poor Eliza! to be only just tolerable.”
“I beg you will not put it into Lizzy’s head to be{24} vexed by his ill-treatment, for he is such a disagreeable man that it would be quite a misfortune to be liked by him. Mrs. Long told me last night that he sat close to her for half an hour without once opening his lips.”

“Without once opening his lips”
[Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
“Are you quite sure, ma’am? Is not there a little mistake?” said Jane. “I certainly saw Mr. Darcy speaking to her.”
“Ay, because she asked him at last how he liked{25} Netherfield, and he could not help answering her; but she said he seemed very angry at being spoke to.”
“Miss Bingley told me,” said Jane, “that he never speaks much unless among his intimate acquaintance. With them he is remarkably agreeable.”
“I do not believe a word of it, my dear. If he had been so very agreeable, he would have talked to Mrs. Long. But I can guess how it was; everybody says that he is eat up with pride, and I dare say he had heard somehow that Mrs. Long does not keep a carriage, and had to come to the ball in a hack chaise.”
“I do not mind his not talking to Mrs. Long,” said Miss Lucas, “but I wish he had danced with Eliza.”
“Another time, Lizzy,” said her mother, “I would not dance with him, if I were you.”
“I believe, ma’am, I may safely promise you never to dance with him.”
“His pride,” said Miss Lucas, “does not offend me so much as pride often does, because there is an excuse for it. One cannot wonder that so very fine a young man, with family, fortune, everything in his favour, should think highly of himself. If I may so express it, he has a right to be proud.”
“That is very true,” replied Elizabeth, “and I could easily forgive his pride, if he had not mortified mine.”
“Pride,” observed Mary, who piqued herself upon the solidity of her reflections, “is a very common failing, I believe. By all that I have ever read, I am convinced that it is very common indeed; that human nature is particularly prone to it, and that there are very few of us who do not cherish a feeling of self-complacency on the score of some quality or other, real or imaginary. Vanity and pride are different things, though the words are often{26} used synonymously. A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves; vanity to what we would have others think of us.”
“If I were as rich as Mr. Darcy,” cried a young Lucas, who came with his sisters, “I should not care how proud I was. I would keep a pack of foxhounds, and drink a bottle of wine every day.”
“Then you would drink a great deal more than you ought,” said Mrs. Bennet; “and if I were to see you at it, I should take away your bottle directly.”
The boy protested that she should not; she continued to declare that she would; and the argument ended only with the visit.

{27}

CHAPTER VI.

THE ladies of Longbourn soon waited on those of Netherfield. The visit was returned in due form. Miss Bennet’s pleasing manners grew on the good-will of Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley; and though the mother was found to be intolerable, and the younger sisters not worth speaking to, a wish of being better acquainted with them was expressed towards the two eldest. By Jane this attention was received with the greatest pleasure; but Elizabeth still saw superciliousness in their treatment of everybody, hardly excepting even her sister, and could not like them; though their kindness to Jane, such as it was, had a value, as arising, in all probability, from the influence of their brother’s admiration. It was generally evident, whenever they met, that he did admire her; and to her it was equally evident that Jane was yielding to the preference which she had begun to entertain for him from the first, and was in a way to be very much in love; but she considered with pleasure that it was not likely to be discovered by the world in general, since Jane united with great strength of feeling, a composure of temper and an uniform cheerfulness of manner, which would guard{28} her from the suspicions of the impertinent. She mentioned this to her friend, Miss Lucas.
“It may, perhaps, be pleasant,” replied Charlotte, “to be able to impose on the public in such a case; but it is sometimes a disadvantage to be so very guarded. If a woman conceals her affection with the same skill from the object of it, she may lose the opportunity of fixing him; and it will then be but poor consolation to believe the world equally in the dark. There is so much of gratitude or vanity in almost every attachment, that it is not safe to leave any to itself. We can all begin freely—a slight preference is natural enough; but there are very few of us who have heart enough to be really in love without encouragement. In nine cases out of ten, a woman had better show more affection than she feels. Bingley likes your sister undoubtedly; but he may never do more than like her, if she does not help him on.”
“But she does help him on, as much as her nature will allow. If I can perceive her regard for him, he must be a simpleton indeed not to discover it too.”
“Remember, Eliza, that he does not know Jane’s disposition as you do.”
“But if a woman is partial to a man, and does not endeavor to conceal it, he must find it out.”
“Perhaps he must, if he sees enough of her. But though Bingley and Jane meet tolerably often, it is never for many hours together; and as they always see each other in large mixed parties, it is impossible that every moment should be employed in conversing together. Jane should therefore make the most of every half hour in which she can command his attention. When she is secure of him, there will be leisure for falling in love as much as she chooses.{29}”
“Your plan is a good one,” replied Elizabeth, “where nothing is in question but the desire of being well married; and if I were determined to get a rich husband, or any husband, I dare say I should adopt it. But these are not Jane’s feelings; she is not acting by design. As yet she cannot even be certain of the degree of her own regard, nor of its reasonableness. She has known him only a fortnight. She danced four dances with him at Meryton; she saw him one morning at his own house, and has since dined in company with him four times. This is not quite enough to make her understand his character.”
“Not as you represent it. Had she merely dined with him, she might only have discovered whether he had a good appetite; but you must remember that four evenings have been also spent together—and four evenings may do a great deal.”
“Yes: these four evenings have enabled them to ascertain that they both like Vingt-un better than Commerce, but with respect to any other leading characteristic, I do not imagine that much has been unfolded.”
“Well,” said Charlotte, “I wish Jane success with all my heart; and if she were married to him to-morrow, I should think she had as good a chance of happiness as if she were to be studying his character for a twelvemonth. Happiness in marriage is entirely a matter of chance. If the dispositions of the parties are ever so well known to each other, or ever so similar beforehand, it does not advance their felicity in the least. They always continue to grow sufficiently unlike afterwards to have their share of vexation; and it is better to know as little as possible of the defects of the person with whom you are to pass your life.{30}”
“You make me laugh, Charlotte; but it is not sound. You know it is not sound, and that you would never act in this way yourself.”
Occupied in observing Mr. Bingley’s attention to her sister, Elizabeth was far from suspecting that she was herself becoming an object of some interest in the eyes of his friend. Mr. Darcy had at first scarcely allowed her to be pretty: he had looked at her without admiration at the ball; and when they next met, he looked at her only to criticise. But no sooner had he made it clear to himself and his friends that she had hardly a good feature in her face, than he began to find it was rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes. To this discovery succeeded some others equally mortifying. Though he had detected with a critical eye more than one failure of perfect symmetry in her form, he was forced to acknowledge her figure to be light and pleasing; and in spite of his asserting that her manners were not those of the fashionable world, he was caught by their easy playfulness. Of this she was perfectly unaware: to her he was only the man who made himself agreeable nowhere, and who had not thought her handsome enough to dance with.
He began to wish to know more of her; and, as a step towards conversing with her himself, attended to her conversation with others. His doing so drew her notice. It was at Sir William Lucas’s, where a large party were assembled.
“What does Mr. Darcy mean,” said she to Charlotte, “by listening to my conversation with Colonel Forster?”
“That is a question which Mr. Darcy only can answer.”
“But if he does it any more, I shall certainly let him know that I see what he is about. He has a very{31} satirical eye, and if I do not begin by being impertinent myself, I shall soon grow afraid of him.”

“The entreaties of several” [Copyright 1894 by George Allen.]
On his approaching them soon afterwards, though without seeming to have any intention of speaking, Miss Lucas defied her friend to mention such a subject to him, which immediately provoking Elizabeth to do it, she turned to him and said,—
“Did not you think, Mr. Darcy, that I expressed myself uncommonly well just now, when I was teasing Colonel Forster to give us a ball at Meryton?”
“With great energy; but it is a subject which always makes a lady energetic.{32}”
“You are severe on us.”
“It will be her turn soon to be teased,” said Miss Lucas.  If my vanity had taken a musical turn, you would have been invaluable; but as it is, I would really rather not sit down before those who must be in the habit of hearing the very best performers.” On Miss Lucas’s persevering, however, she added, “Very well; if it must be so, it must.” And gravely glancing at Mr. Darcy, “There is a very fine old saying, which everybody here is of course familiar with—‘Keep your breath to cool your porridge,’—and I shall keep mine to swell my song.”
Her performance was pleasing, though by no means capital. After a song or two, and before she could reply to the entreaties of several that she would sing again, she was eagerly succeeded at the instrument by her sister Mary, who having, in consequence of being the only plain one in the family, worked hard for knowledge and accomplishments, was always impatient for display.
Mary had neither genius nor taste; and though vanity had given her application, it had given her likewise a pedantic air and conceited manner, which would have injured a higher degree of excellence than she had reached. Elizabeth, easy and unaffected, had been listened to with much more pleasure, though not playing half so well; and Mary, at the end of a long concerto, was glad to purchase praise and gratitude by Scotch and Irish airs, at the request of her younger sisters, who with some of the Lucases, and two or three officers, joined eagerly in dancing at one end of the room.{33}
Mr. Darcy stood near them in silent indignation at such a mode of passing the evening, to the exclusion of all conversation, and was too much engrossed by his own thoughts to perceive that Sir William Lucas was his neighbour, till Sir William thus began:—
“What a charming amusement for young people this is, Mr. Darcy! There is nothing like dancing, after all. I consider it as one of the first refinements of polished societies.”
“Certainly, sir; and it has the advantage also of being in vogue amongst the less polished societies of the world: every savage can dance.”
Sir William only smiled. “Your friend performs delightfully,” he continued, after a pause, on seeing Bingley join the group; “and I doubt not that you are an adept in the science yourself, Mr. Darcy.”
“You saw me dance at Meryton, I believe, sir.”
“Yes, indeed, and received no inconsiderable pleasure from the sight. Do you often dance at St. James’s?”
“Never, sir.”
“Do you not think it would be a proper compliment to the place?”
“It is a compliment which I never pay to any place if I can avoid it.”
“You have a house in town, I conclude?”
Mr. Darcy bowed.
“I had once some thoughts of fixing in town myself, for I am fond of superior society; but I did not feel quite certain that the air of London would agree with Lady Lucas.”
He paused in hopes of an answer: but his companion was not disposed to make any; and Elizabeth at that instant moving towards them, he was struck with the{34} notion of doing a very gallant thing, and called out to her,—
“My dear Miss Eliza, why are not you dancing? Mr. Darcy, you must allow me to present this young lady to you as a very desirable partner. You cannot refuse to dance, I am sure, when so much beauty is before you.” And, taking her hand, he would have given it to Mr. Darcy, who, though extremely surprised, was not unwilling to receive it, when she instantly drew back, and said with some discomposure to Sir William,—
“Indeed, sir, I have not the least intention of dancing. I entreat you not to suppose that I moved this way in order to beg for a partner.”
Mr. Darcy, with grave propriety, requested to be allowed the honour of her hand, but in vain. Elizabeth was determined; nor did Sir William at all shake her purpose by his attempt at persuasion.
“You excel so much in the dance, Miss Eliza, that it is cruel to deny me the happiness of seeing you; and though this gentleman dislikes the amusement in general, he can have no objection, I am sure, to oblige us for one half hour.”
“Mr. Darcy is all politeness,” said Elizabeth, smiling.
“He is, indeed: but considering the inducement, my dear Miss Eliza, we cannot wonder at his complaisance; for who would object to such a partner?”
Elizabeth looked archly, and turned away. Her resistance had not injured her with the gentleman, and he was thinking of her with some complacency, when thus accosted by Miss Bingley,—
“I can guess the subject of your reverie.”
“I should imagine not.”
“You are considering how insupportable it would be{35} to pass many evenings in this manner,—in such society; and, indeed, I am quite of your opinion. I was never more annoyed! The insipidity, and yet the noise—the nothingness, and yet the self-importance, of all these people! What would I give to hear your strictures on them!”
“Your conjecture is totally wrong, I assure you. My mind was more agreeably engaged. I have been meditating on the very great pleasure which a pair of fine eyes in the face of a pretty woman can bestow.”
Miss Bingley immediately fixed her eyes on his face, and desired he would tell her what lady had the credit of inspiring such reflections. Mr. Darcy replied, with great intrepidity,—
“Miss Elizabeth Bennet.”
“Miss Elizabeth Bennet!” repeated Miss Bingley. “I am all astonishment. How long has she been such a favourite? and pray when am I to wish you joy?”
“That is exactly the question which I expected you to ask. A lady’s imagination is very rapid; it jumps from admiration to love, from love to matrimony, in a moment. I knew you would be wishing me joy.”
“Nay, if you are so serious about it, I shall consider the matter as absolutely settled. You will have a charming mother-in-law, indeed, and of course she will be always at Pemberley with you.”
He listened to her with perfect indifference, while she chose to entertain herself in this manner; and as his composure convinced her that all was safe, her wit flowed along.{36}

A note for Miss Bennet.

CHAPTER VII.

MR. BENNET’S property consisted almost entirely in an estate of two thousand a year, which, unfortunately for his daughters, was entailed, in default of heirs male, on a distant relation; and their mother’s fortune, though ample for her situation in life, could but ill supply the deficiency of his. Her father had been an{37} attorney in Meryton, and had left her four thousand pounds.
She had a sister married to a Mr. Philips, who had been a clerk to their father and succeeded him in the business, and a brother settled in London in a respectable line of trade.
The village of Longbourn was only one mile from Meryton; a most convenient distance for the young ladies, who were usually tempted thither three or four times a week, to pay their duty to their aunt, and to a milliner’s shop just over the way. The two youngest of the family, Catherine and Lydia, were particularly frequent in these attentions: their minds were more vacant than their sisters’, and when nothing better offered, a walk to Meryton was necessary to amuse their morning hours and furnish conversation for the evening; and, however bare of news the country in general might be, they always contrived to learn some from their aunt. At present, indeed, they were well supplied both with news and happiness by the recent arrival of a militia regiment in the neighbourhood; it was to remain the whole winter, and Meryton was the head-quarters.
Their visits to Mrs. Philips were now productive of the most interesting intelligence. Every day added something to their knowledge of the officers’ names and connections. Their lodgings were not long a secret, and at length they began to know the officers themselves. Mr. Philips visited them all, and this opened to his nieces a source of felicity unknown before. They could talk of nothing but officers; and Mr. Bingley’s large fortune, the mention of which gave animation to their mother, was worthless in their eyes when opposed to the regimentals of an ensign.{38}
After listening one morning to their effusions on this subject, Mr. Bennet coolly observed,—
“From all that I can collect by your manner of talking, you must be two of the silliest girls in the country. I have suspected it some time, but I am now convinced.”
Catherine was disconcerted, and made no answer; but Lydia, with perfect indifference, continued to express her admiration of Captain Carter, and her hope of seeing him in the course of the day, as he was going the next morning to London.
 If I wished to think slightingly of anybody’s children, it should not be of my own, however.”
“If my children are silly, I must hope to be always sensible of it.”
“Yes; but as it happens, they are all of them very clever.”
“This is the only point, I flatter myself, on which we do not agree. I had hoped that our sentiments coincided in every particular, but I must so far differ from you as to think our two youngest daughters uncommonly foolish.”
“My dear Mr. Bennet, you must not expect such girls to have the sense of their father and mother. When they get to our age, I dare say they will not think about officers any more than we do. I remember the time when I liked a red coat myself very well—and, indeed, so I do still at my heart; and if a smart young colonel, with five or six thousand a year, should want one of my girls, I shall not say nay to him; and I thought Colonel Forster looked very becoming the other night at Sir William’s in his regimentals.{39}”
“Mamma,” cried Lydia, “my aunt says that Colonel Forster and Captain Carter do not go so often to Miss Watson’s as they did when they first came; she sees them now very often standing in Clarke’s library.”
Mrs. Bennet was prevented replying by the entrance of the footman with a note for Miss Bennet; it came from Netherfield, and the servant waited for an answer. Mrs. Bennet’s eyes sparkled with pleasure, and she was eagerly calling out, while her daughter read,—
“Well, Jane, who is it from? What is it about? What does he say? Well, Jane, make haste and tell us; make haste, my love.”
“It is from Miss Bingley,” said Jane, and then read it aloud.
“My dear friend,
“If you are not so compassionate as to dine to-day with Louisa and me, we shall be in danger of hating each other for the rest of our lives; for a whole day’s tête-à-tête between two women can never end without a quarrel. Come as soon as you can on the receipt of this. My brother and the gentlemen are to dine with the officers. Yours ever,
“Caroline Bingley.”
“With the officers!” cried Lydia: “I wonder my aunt did not tell us of that.”
“Dining out,” said Mrs. Bennet; “that is very unlucky.”
“Can I have the carriage?” said Jane.
“No, my dear, you had better go on horseback, because it seems likely to rain; and then you must stay all night.”
“That would be a good scheme,” said Elizabeth, “if you were sure that they would not offer to send her home.{40}”
“Oh, but the gentlemen will have Mr. Bingley’s chaise to go to Meryton; and the Hursts have no horses to theirs.”
“I had much rather go in the coach.”
“But, my dear, your father cannot spare the horses, I am sure. They are wanted in the farm, Mr. Bennet, are not they?”

Cheerful prognostics
“They are wanted in the farm much oftener than I can get them.”
“But if you have got them to-day,” said Elizabeth, “my mother’s purpose will be answered.{41}”
She did at last extort from her father an acknowledgment that the horses were engaged; Jane was therefore obliged to go on horseback, and her mother attended her to the door with many cheerful prognostics of a bad day. Her hopes were answered; Jane had not been gone long before it rained hard. Her sisters were uneasy for her, but her mother was delighted. The rain continued the whole evening without intermission; Jane certainly could not come back.
“This was a lucky idea of mine, indeed!” said Mrs. Bennet, more than once, as if the credit of making it rain were all her own. Till the next morning, however, she was not aware of all the felicity of her contrivance. Breakfast was scarcely over when a servant from Netherfield brought the following note for Elizabeth:—
“My dearest Lizzie,
“I find myself very unwell this morning, which, I suppose, is to be imputed to my getting wet through yesterday. My kind friends will not hear of my returning home till I am better. They insist also on my seeing Mr. Jones—therefore do not be alarmed if you should hear of his having been to me—and, excepting a sore throat and a headache, there is not much the matter with me.
“Yours, etc.”
“Well, my dear,” said Mr. Bennet, when Elizabeth had read the note aloud, “if your daughter should have a dangerous fit of illness—if she should die—it would be a comfort to know that it was all in pursuit of Mr. Bingley, and under your orders.”
“Oh, I am not at all afraid of her dying.  She will be taken good care of. As long as she stays there, it is all very well. I would go and see her if I could have the carriage.”
Elizabeth, feeling really anxious, determined to go to her, though the carriage was not to be had: and as she was no horsewoman, walking was her only alternative. She declared her resolution.
“How can you be so silly,” cried her mother, “as to think of such a thing, in all this dirt! You will not be fit to be seen when you get there.”
“I shall be very fit to see Jane—which is all I want.”
“Is this a hint to me, Lizzy,” said her father, “to send for the horses?”
“No, indeed. I do not wish to avoid the walk. The distance is nothing, when one has a motive; only three miles. I shall be back by dinner.”
“I admire the activity of your benevolence,” observed Mary, “but every impulse of feeling should be guided by reason; and, in my opinion, exertion should always be in proportion to what is required.”
“We will go as far as Meryton with you,” said Catherine and Lydia. Elizabeth accepted their company, and the three young ladies set off together.
“If we make haste,” said Lydia, as they walked along, “perhaps we may see something of Captain Carter, before he goes.”
In Meryton they parted: the two youngest repaired to the lodgings of one of the officers’ wives, and Elizabeth continued her walk alone, crossing field after field at a quick pace, jumping over stiles and springing over puddles, with impatient activity, and finding herself at last within view of the house, with weary ancles, dirty stockings, and a face glowing with the warmth of exercise.{43}
She was shown into the breakfast parlour, where all but Jane were assembled, and where her appearance created a great deal of surprise. That she should have walked three miles so early in the day in such dirty weather, and by herself, was almost incredible to Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley; and Elizabeth was convinced that they held her in contempt for it. She was received, however, very politely by them; and in their brother’s manners there was something better than politeness—there was good-humour and kindness. Mr. Darcy said very little, and Mr. Hurst nothing at all. The former was divided between admiration of the brilliancy which exercise had given to her complexion and doubt as to the occasion’s justifying her coming so far alone. The latter was thinking only of his breakfast.
Her inquiries after her sister were not very favourably answered. Miss Bennet had slept ill, and though up, was very feverish, and not well enough to leave her room. Elizabeth was glad to be taken to her immediately; and Jane, who had only been withheld by the fear of giving alarm or inconvenience, from expressing in her note how much she longed for such a visit, was delighted at her entrance. She was not equal, however, to much conversation; and when Miss Bingley left them together, could attempt little beside expressions of gratitude for the extraordinary kindness she was treated with. Elizabeth silently attended her.

“The Apothecary came”
When breakfast was over, they were joined by the sisters; and Elizabeth began to like them herself, when she saw how much affection and solicitude they showed for Jane. The apothecary came; and having examined his patient, said, as might be supposed, that she had caught a violent cold, and that they must endeavour to{44} get the better of it; advised her to return to bed, and promised her some draughts. The advice was followed readily, for the feverish symptoms increased, and her head ached acutely. Elizabeth did not quit her room for a moment, nor were the other ladies often absent; the gentlemen being out, they had in fact nothing to do elsewhere.
When the clock struck three, Elizabeth felt that she must go, and very unwillingly said so. Miss Bingley offered her the carriage, and she only wanted a little pressing to accept it, when Jane testified such concern at parting with her that Miss Bingley was obliged to convert the offer of the chaise into an invitation to remain at Netherfield for the present. Elizabeth most thankfully consented, and a servant was despatched to Longbourn, to acquaint the family with her stay, and bring back a supply of clothes.
{45}

Covering a screen.

CHAPTER VIII.

AT five o’clock the two ladies retired to dress, and at half-past six Elizabeth was summoned to dinner. To the civil inquiries which then poured in, and amongst which she had the pleasure of distinguishing the much superior solicitude of Mr. Bingley, she could not make a very favourable answer.{46} Jane was by no means better. The sisters, on hearing this, repeated three or four times how much they were grieved, how shocking it was to have a bad cold, and how excessively they disliked being ill themselves; and then thought no more of the matter: and their indifference towards Jane, when not immediately before them, restored Elizabeth to the enjoyment of all her original dislike.
Their brother, indeed, was the only one of the party whom she could regard with any complacency. His anxiety for Jane was evident, and his attentions to herself most pleasing; and they prevented her feeling herself so much an intruder as she believed she was considered by the others. She had very little notice from any but him. Miss Bingley was engrossed by Mr. Darcy, her sister scarcely less so; and as for Mr. Hurst, by whom Elizabeth sat, he was an indolent man, who lived only to eat, drink, and play at cards, who, when he found her prefer a plain dish to a ragout, had nothing to say to her.
When dinner was over, she returned directly to Jane, and Miss Bingley began abusing her as soon as she was out of the room. Her manners were pronounced to be very bad indeed,—a mixture of pride and impertinence: she had no conversation, no style, no taste, no beauty. Mrs. Hurst thought the same, and added,—
“She has nothing, in short, to recommend her, but being an excellent walker. I shall never forget her appearance this morning. She really looked almost wild.”
“She did indeed, Louisa. I could hardly keep my countenance. Very nonsensical to come at all! Why must she be scampering about the country, because her sister had a cold? Her hair so untidy, so blowzy!{47}”
“Yes, and her petticoat; I hope you saw her petticoat, six inches deep in mud, I am absolutely certain, and the gown which had been let down to hide it not doing its office.”
“Your picture may be very exact, Louisa,” said Bingley; “but this was all lost upon me. I thought Miss Elizabeth Bennet looked remarkably well when she came into the room this morning. Her dirty petticoat quite escaped my notice.”
“You observed it, Mr. Darcy, I am sure,” said Miss Bingley; “and I am inclined to think that you would not wish to see your sister make such an exhibition.”
“Certainly not.”
“To walk three miles, or four miles, or five miles, or whatever it is, above her ancles in dirt, and alone, quite alone! what could she mean by it? It seems to me to show an abominable sort of conceited independence, a most country-town indifference to decorum.”
“It shows an affection for her sister that is very pleasing,” said Bingley.
“I am afraid, Mr. Darcy,” observed Miss Bingley, in a half whisper, “that this adventure has rather affected your admiration of her fine eyes.”
“Not at all,” he replied: “they were brightened by the exercise.” A short pause followed this speech, and Mrs. Hurst began again,—
“I have an excessive regard for Jane Bennet,—she is really a very sweet girl,—and I wish with all my heart she were well settled. But with such a father and mother, and such low connections, I am afraid there is no chance of it.”
“I think I have heard you say that their uncle is an attorney in Meryton?{48}”
“Yes; and they have another, who lives somewhere near Cheapside.”
“That is capital,” added her sister; and they both laughed heartily.
“If they had uncles enough to fill all Cheapside,” cried Bingley, “it would not make them one jot less agreeable.”
“But it must very materially lessen their chance of marrying men of any consideration in the world,” replied Darcy.
To this speech Bingley made no answer; but his sisters gave it their hearty assent, and indulged their mirth for some time at the expense of their dear friend’s vulgar relations.
With a renewal of tenderness, however, they repaired to her room on leaving the dining-parlour, and sat with her till summoned to coffee. She was still very poorly, and Elizabeth would not quit her at all, till late in the evening, when she had the comfort of seeing her asleep, and when it appeared to her rather right than pleasant that she should go down stairs herself. On entering the drawing-room, she found the whole party at loo, and was immediately invited to join them; but suspecting them to be playing high, she declined it, and making her sister the excuse, said she would amuse herself, for the short time she could stay below, with a book. Mr. Hurst looked at her with astonishment.
“Do you prefer reading to cards?” said he; “that is rather singular.”
“Miss Eliza Bennet,” said Miss Bingley, “despises cards. She is a great reader, and has no pleasure in anything else.”
“I deserve neither such praise nor such censure,” cried{49} Elizabeth; “I am not a great reader, and I have pleasure in many things.”
“In nursing your sister I am sure you have pleasure,” said Bingley; “and I hope it will soon be increased by seeing her quite well.”
Elizabeth thanked him from her heart, and then walked towards a table where a few books were lying. He immediately offered to fetch her others; all that his library afforded.
“And I wish my collection were larger for your benefit and my own credit; but I am an idle fellow; and though I have not many, I have more than I ever looked into.”
Elizabeth assured him that she could suit herself perfectly with those in the room.
“I am astonished,” said Miss Bingley, “that my father should have left so small a collection of books. What a delightful library you have at Pemberley, Mr. Darcy!”
“It ought to be good,” he replied: “it has been the work of many generations.”
“And then you have added so much to it yourself—you are always buying books.”
“I cannot comprehend the neglect of a family library in such days as these.”
“Neglect! I am sure you neglect nothing that can add to the beauties of that noble place. Charles, when you build your house, I wish it may be half as delightful as Pemberley.”
“I wish it may.”
“But I would really advise you to make your purchase in that neighbourhood, and take Pemberley for a kind of model. There is not a finer county in England than Derbyshire.{50}”
“With all my heart: I will buy Pemberley itself, if Darcy will sell it.”
“I am talking of possibilities, Charles.”
“Upon my word, Caroline, I should think it more possible to get Pemberley by purchase than by imitation.”
Elizabeth was so much caught by what passed, as to leave her very little attention for her book; and, soon laying it wholly aside, she drew near the card-table, and stationed herself between Mr. Bingley and his eldest sister, to observe the game.
“Is Miss Darcy much grown since the spring?” said Miss Bingley: “will she be as tall as I am?”
“I think she will. She is now about Miss Elizabeth Bennet’s height, or rather taller.”
“How I long to see her again! I never met with anybody who delighted me so much. Such a countenance, such manners, and so extremely accomplished for her age! Her performance on the pianoforte is exquisite.”
“It is amazing to me,” said Bingley, “how young ladies can have patience to be so very accomplished as they all are.”
“All young ladies accomplished! My dear Charles, what do you mean?”
“Yes, all of them, I think. They all paint tables, cover screens, and net purses. I scarcely know any one who cannot do all this; and I am sure I never heard a young lady spoken of for the first time, without being informed that she was very accomplished.”
“Your list of the common extent of accomplishments,” said Darcy, “has too much truth. The word is applied to many a woman who deserves it no otherwise than by netting a purse or covering a screen; but I am very far{51} from agreeing with you in your estimation of ladies in general. I cannot boast of knowing more than half-a-dozen in the whole range of my acquaintance that are really accomplished.”
“Nor I, I am sure,” said Miss Bingley.
“Then,” observed Elizabeth, “you must comprehend a great deal in your idea of an accomplished woman.”
“Yes; I do comprehend a great deal in it.”
“Oh, certainly,” cried his faithful assistant, “no one can be really esteemed accomplished who does not greatly surpass what is usually met with. A woman must have a thorough knowledge of music, singing, drawing, dancing, and the modern languages, to deserve the word; and, besides all this, she must possess a certain something in her air and manner of walking, the tone of her voice, her address and expressions, or the word will be but half deserved.”
“All this she must possess,” added Darcy; “and to all she must yet add something more substantial in the improvement of her mind by extensive reading.”
“I am no longer surprised at your knowing only six accomplished women. I rather wonder now at your knowing any.”
“Are you so severe upon your own sex as to doubt the possibility of all this?”
“I never saw such a woman. I never saw such capacity, and taste, and application, and elegance, as you describe, united.”
Mrs. Hurst and Miss Bingley both cried out against the injustice of her implied doubt, and were both protesting that they knew many women who answered this description, when Mr. Hurst called them to order, with{52} bitter complaints of their inattention to what was going forward. As all conversation was thereby at an end, Elizabeth soon afterwards left the room.
“Eliza Bennet,” said Miss Bingley, when the door was closed on her, “is one of those young ladies who seek to recommend themselves to the other sex by undervaluing their own; and with many men, I daresay, it succeeds; but, in my opinion, it is a paltry device, a very mean art.”
“Undoubtedly,” replied Darcy, to whom this remark was chiefly addressed, “there is meanness in all the arts which ladies sometimes condescend to employ for captivation. Whatever bears affinity to cunning is despicable.”
Miss Bingley was not so entirely satisfied with this reply as to continue the subject.
Elizabeth joined them again only to say that her sister was worse, and that she could not leave her. Bingley urged Mr. Jones’s being sent for immediately; while his sisters, convinced that no country advice could be of any service, recommended an express to town for one of the most eminent physicians. This she would not hear of; but she was not so unwilling to comply with their brother’s proposal; and it was settled that Mr. Jones should be sent for early in the morning, if Miss Bennet were not decidedly better. Bingley was quite uncomfortable; his sisters declared that they were miserable. They solaced their wretchedness, however, by duets after supper; while he could find no better relief to his feelings than by giving his housekeeper directions that every possible attention might be paid to the sick lady and her sister.{53}

Mrs Bennet and her two youngest girls.

CHAPTER IX.

ELIZABETH passed the chief of the night in her sister’s room, and in the morning had the pleasure of being able to send a tolerable answer to the inquiries which she very early received from Mr. Bingley by a housemaid, and some time afterwards from the two elegant ladies who waited on his sisters. In spite of this amendment,{54} however, she requested to have a note sent to Longbourn, desiring her mother to visit Jane, and form her own judgment of her situation. The note was immediately despatched, and its contents as quickly complied with. Mrs. Bennet, accompanied by her two youngest girls, reached Netherfield soon after the family breakfast.
Had she found Jane in any apparent danger, Mrs. Bennet would have been very miserable; but being satisfied on seeing her that her illness was not alarming, she had no wish of her recovering immediately, as her restoration to health would probably remove her from Netherfield. She would not listen, therefore, to her daughter’s proposal of being carried home; neither did the apothecary, who arrived about the same time, think it at all advisable. After sitting a little while with Jane, on Miss Bingley’s appearance and invitation, the mother and three daughters all attended her into the breakfast parlour. Bingley met them with hopes that Mrs. Bennet had not found Miss Bennet worse than she expected.
“Indeed I have, sir,” was her answer. “She is a great deal too ill to be moved. Mr. Jones says we must not think of moving her. We must trespass a little longer on your kindness.”
“Removed!” cried Bingley. “It must not be thought of. My sister, I am sure, will not hear of her removal.”
“You may depend upon it, madam,” said Miss Bingley, with cold civility, “that Miss Bennet shall receive every possible attention while she remains with us.”
Mrs. Bennet was profuse in her acknowledgments.
“I am sure,” she added, “if it was not for such good friends, I do not know what would become of her, for she is very ill indeed, and suffers a vast deal, though with the greatest patience in the world, which is always{55} the way with her, for she has, without exception, the sweetest temper I ever met with. I often tell my other girls they are nothing to her. You have a sweet room here, Mr. Bingley, and a charming prospect over that gravel walk. I do not know a place in the country that is equal to Netherfield. You will not think of quitting it in a hurry, I hope, though you have but a short lease.”
“Whatever I do is done in a hurry,” replied he; “and therefore if I should resolve to quit Netherfield, I should probably be off in five minutes. At present, however, I consider myself as quite fixed here.”
“That is exactly what I should have supposed of you,” said Elizabeth.
“You begin to comprehend me, do you?” cried he, turning towards her.
“Oh yes—I understand you perfectly.”
“I wish I might take this for a compliment; but to be so easily seen through, I am afraid, is pitiful.”
“That is as it happens. It does not necessarily follow that a deep, intricate character is more or less estimable than such a one as yours.”
“Lizzy,” cried her mother, “remember where you are, and do not run on in the wild manner that you are suffered to do at home.”
“I did not know before,” continued Bingley, immediately, “that you were a studier of character. It must be an amusing study.”
“Yes; but intricate characters are the most amusing. They have at least that advantage.”
“The country,” said Darcy, “can in general supply but few subjects for such a study. In a country neighbourhood you move in a very confined and unvarying society.{56}”
“But people themselves alter so much, that there is something new to be observed in them for ever.”
“Yes, indeed,” cried Mrs. Bennet, offended by his manner of mentioning a country neighbourhood. “I assure you there is quite as much of that going on in the country as in town.”