Spin accumulation in ferromagnetic single-electron transistors in the   cotunneling regime
  We propose a new method of direct detection of spin accumulation, which overcomes problems of previous measurement schemes. A spin dependent current in a single-electron transistor with ferromagnetic electrodes leads to spin accumulation on the metallic island. The resulting spin-splitting of the electrochemical potentials of the island, because of an additional shift by the charging energy, can be detected from the spacing between two resonances in the current-voltage characteristics. The results were obtained in the framework of a real-time diagrammatic approach which allows to study higher order (co-)tunneling processes in the strong nonequlibrium situation. 
Jan Martinek, J\'ozef Barnas, Sadamichi Maekawa, Herbert Schoeller and   Gerd Sch\"on