Rota meets Ramanujan: Probabilistic interpretation of Ramanujan -   Fourier series
  In this paper the ideas of Rota and Ramanujan are shown to be central to understanding problems in additive number theory. The circle and sieve methods are two different facets of the same theme of interplay between probability and Fourier series used to great advantage by Wiener in engineering. 
H. Gopalkrishna Gadiyar, R. Padma