Metal nanoplasmas as bright sources of hard x-ray pulses
  We demonstrate a 13-fold increase in hard x-ray bremsstrahlung (10 - 200 keV) emitted by a copper plasma created by 100 fs, 806 nm pulses at $10^{14}-10^{15}$ Wcm$^{-2}$. This enhancement is achieved by roughening the target surface with copper nanoparticles of ~15 nm size. A simple model that invokes local field modifications by surface plasmon excitation and `lightning rod' effects explains the observed enhancement quantitatively and provides pointers to the design of structured surfaces for maximizing the emission. 
P. P. Rajeev, P. Taneja, P. Ayyub, A. S. Sandhu, and G. R. Kumar