Topological charge and topological susceptibility in connection with   translation and gauge invariance
  It is shown that the evaluation of the expectation value (EV) of topological charge density over $\theta$-vacuum is reduced to investigation of the Chern-Simons term EV. An equation for this quantity is established and solved. EV of the topological charge density at an arbitrary $\theta$ occurs equal to zero and, as a consequence, topological susceptibility of both QCD and pure Yang-Mills vacua defined in a Wick sense is equal to zero, whereas when defined in a Dyson sense it differs from zero by the quantity proportional to the respective condensate of the chromomagnetic field. Thus, the usual Witten-Veneziano formula for the $\eta^{'}$ meson mass is modified. 
A.M. Kotzinian, O.Yu. Shevchenko, A.N. Sissakian (Dubna, JINR)