On Noncommutativity in String Theory and D-Branes
  By considering the B-field dynamical and studying its interaction with Ramond-Ramond (RR) background we observe the breaking of the B-field gauge symmetry in the effective action. This effect takes place due to non-perturbative coupling of the B-field to membrane topological charge. As a result, the B-field is renormalized in the RR backgrounds, making it impossible to obtain consistent non-commutative models with constant B-field.   We argue that the gauge invariance is restored by introducing appropriate external D-brane configuration. 
Masud Chaichian, Dimitri Polyakov