Nonlinear optical properties of mono-functional   1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene[60]-61-carboxylic acid /polymer composites
  By using nanosecond laser pulses at 532-nm wavelength, we have studied the nonlinear optical properties of composites which consist of mono-functional 1,2-dihydro-1,2-methanofullerene[60]-61-carboxylic acid (FCA) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine). The optical limiting performance of FCA itself is poorer than that of its parent C60, while FCA incorporated with polystyrene shows better optical limiting responses, with the limiting threshold reduced by about 35%. In addition, the FCA gives slightly stronger photoluminescence emission than that of both C60 and FCA/polymer composites. The possible sources for the improvement in the optical limiting are discussed. 
Hendry Izaac elim, Jianying Ouyang, Jun He, Suat Hong Goh, Sing Hai   Tanga and Wei Ji