Hamiltonian Theories of the FQHE
  This paper reviews progress on the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect (FQHE) based on what we term hamiltonian theories, i.e., theories that proceed from the microscopic electronic hamiltonian to the final solution via a sequence of transformations and approximations, either in the hamiltonian or path integral approach, as compared to theories based on exact diagonalization or trial wavefunctions. We focus on the Chern-Simons (CS) approach in which electrons are converted to CS fermions or bosons that carry along flux tubes and our Extended Hamiltonian Theory (EHT) in which electrons are paired with pseudo-vortices to form composite fermions (CF) whose properties are a lot closer to the ultimate low-energy quasiparticles. We address a variety of qualitative and quantitative questions: In what sense do electrons really bind to vortices? What is the internal structure of the Composite Fermion and what does it mean? What exactly is the dipole picture? How are (approximate) transport gaps, zero-temperature magnetic transitions, the temperature dependent polarizations of gapped and gapless states, the NMR relaxation rate $1/T_1$ in gapless states, and gaps in inhomogeneous states computed? It is seen that though the CS and EHT approaches agree whenever a comparison is possible, results that are transparent in one approach are typically opaque in the other, making them truly complementary. 
Ganpathy Murthy and R.Shankar