Geometrical complexity of conformations of ring polymers under   topological constraints
  One measure of geometrical complexity of a spatial curve is the number of crossings in a planar projection of the curve.   For $N$-noded ring polymers with a fixed knot type, we evaluate numerically the average of the crossing number over some directions. We find that the average crossing number under the topological constraint are less than that of no topological constraint for large $N$. The decrease of the geometrical complexity is significant when the thickness of polymers is small.   The simulation with or without a topological constraint also shows that the average crossing number and the average size of ring polymers are independent measures of conformational complexity. 
Miyuki K. Shimamura and Tetsuo Deguchi