Agglomeration of Charged Nanopowders in Suspensions
  The aim of this work is to understand agglomeration of charged powders suspended in nonpolar fluids. The concerted influence of electromagnetic, hydrodynamic and van der Waals forces as well as Brownian motion leads to a complex agglomeration behaviour which depends on several parameters, e.g., the ratios of electric charges, particle sizes, temperature and concentrations of the particles. Both experimental and theoretical considerations are presented. 
J.H. Werth, M. Linsenbuehler, S.M. Dammer, Z. Farkas, H. Hinrichsen,   K.-E. Wirth, and D.E. Wolf