Time evolution of the unstable two-fluid density fluctuations in   Robertson-Walker Universes
  We consider density fluctuations of a two-fluid model consisting of hydrogen plasma and radiation prior to the cosmic hydrogen recombination. As investigation method that of the dispersion relations is applied, which have been derived from the general-relativistic sound-wave equations taking into account the coupling between plasma and radiation carefully. We obtain growing unstable acoustic modes within the mass range 2 \cdot 10^6 M_\odot < M < 6 \cdot 10^{12} M_\odot. In a second step the coupled differential equations for the amplitudes of the unstable modes are integrated numerically with respect to time where the integration extends from the initial time prior to the hydrogen recombination up to the present time. We find a significant increase of the amplitudes up to 4 orders of magnitude, if the Universe is described by a cosmological model with a positive cosmological constant (\Lambda \simeq 2,2 \cdot 10^{-56} {cm}^{-2}) and a positive curvature (Lema\^\itre-Universe) without an essential amount of cold dark matter. We conclude that the existence of galaxies confirm these statements. 
Eva Gessner and Heinz Dehnen