Quantum Computing with Electron Spins in Quantum Dots
  We present a set of concrete and realistic ideas for the implementation of a small-scale quantum computer using electron spins in lateral GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dots. Initialization is based on leads in the quantum Hall regime with tunable spin-polarization. Read-out hinges on spin-to-charge conversion via spin-selective tunneling to or from the leads, followed by measurement of the number of electron charges on the dot via a charge detector. Single-qubit manipulation relies on a microfabricated wire located close to the quantum dot, and two-qubit interactions are controlled via the tunnel barrier connecting the respective quantum dots. Based on these ideas, we have begun a series of experiments in order to demonstrate unitary control and to measure the coherence time of individual electron spins in quantum dots. 
L.M.K. Vandersypen, R. Hanson, L.H. Willems van Beveren, J.M.   Elzerman, J.S. Greidanus, S. De Franceschi and L.P. Kouwenho...