def contains(text, pattern):
    # in Recursiive solution add arguments:  text_index = 0, pattern_index = 0
    """Return a boolean indicating whether pattern occurs in text."""
    assert isinstance(text, str), 'text is not a string: {}'.format(text)
    assert isinstance(pattern, str), 'pattern is not a string: {}'.format(text)
    
    # ***Recursive Solution 🎢***
    # if text[text_index] == pattern[pattern_index]:
    #     if pattern_index == len(pattern)-1:  # Base Case - Found the the end of the pattern 🎉
    #         return True
    #     print('found a match - ', 'text[text_index]:', text[text_index], 'pattern[pattern_index]', pattern[pattern_index])
    #     contains(text, pattern, text_index + 1, pattern_index + 1)
    # else:
    #     if pattern_index == len(pattern)-1:  # Didn't find the end of the pattern 😫
    #         print('we didnt find the pattern 😫')
    #         return False
    #     contains(text, pattern, text_index + 1, pattern_index)
    # return True

    # Refactor by Dylanator    
    if len(pattern) == 0:
        return True
    
    for i in range(len(text)):
        if text[i:i+len(pattern)] == pattern:
            return True
    
    return False


    # # ***Iterative Solution 🚶‍*** 
    # if len(pattern) == 0:
    #     return True
    
    # contains_pattern = False
    # pattern_index = 0   # Keep track of the index in pattern to compare
    
    # for char in text:
    #     if char == pattern[pattern_index]:       # Match Found 
    #         if pattern_index == len(pattern)-1:  # Found the the final match 🎉
    #             contains_pattern = True
    #             break
    #         pattern_index += 1   # Look at the next index of the pattern
    #         contains_pattern = True      # The pattern is existant thus far.
    #     else:   # Didn't Find a Match
    #         pattern_index = 0   # Reset pattern index
    #         if char == pattern[pattern_index]:  # Check if curr char is equal to the resetted pattern char 
    #             if pattern_index == len(pattern)-1:  # Found the the end of the pattern 🎉
    #                 contains_pattern = True
    #                 break
    #             pattern_index += 1
    #             contains_pattern = True   # Does this line conflict with the next line?
    #         contains_pattern = False      # Pattern hasn't been found yet
    
    # return contains_pattern


    # One Easy Way 😛
    # if pattern not in text: 
    #     return False