import re
import string


def preprocess(text: str) -> str:
    """
    Pre-process the input text.
    
    - Remove punctuation
    - Remove numbers
    - Lowercase
    
    :param text: text to pre-process
    :return: the pre-processed text
    """
    # Lowercase.
    text = text.lower()
    # Remove numbers.
    text = re.sub(r"[0-9]+", "", text)
    # Remove punctuation.
    text = text.translate(str.maketrans("", "", string.punctuation))
    return text