def check_valid_column(observation):
    """
        Validates that our observation only has valid columns
        
        Returns:
        - assertion value: True if all provided columns are valid, False otherwise
        - error message: empty if all provided columns are valid, False otherwise
    """
    
    valid_columns = {
        "Department Name",
        "InterventionLocationName",
        "InterventionReasonCode",
        "ReportingOfficerIdentificationID",
        "ResidentIndicator",
        "SearchAuthorizationCode",
        "StatuteReason",
        "SubjectAge",
        "SubjectEthnicityCode",
        "SubjectRaceCode",
        "SubjectSexCode",
        "TownResidentIndicator"
    }
    
    keys = set(observation.keys())
    
    if len(valid_columns - keys) > 0: 
        missing = valid_columns - keys
        error = "Missing columns: {}".format(missing)
        return False, error
    
    if len(keys - valid_columns) > 0: 
        extra = keys - valid_columns
        error = "Unrecognized columns provided: {}".format(extra)
        return False, error    

    return True, ""