def modified_dict(input_dict, modification_dict):
  """Returns a dict, with some modifications applied to it.

  Args:
    input_dict: a dictionary (which will be copied, not modified in place)
    modification_dict: a set of key/value pairs to overwrite in the dict
  """
  output_dict = input_dict.copy()
  output_dict.update(modification_dict)
  return output_dict