def flatnonzero(a):
    """
    Return indices that are non-zero in the flattened version of a.

    This is equivalent to a.ravel().nonzero()[0].

    Parameters
    ----------
    a : ndarray
        Input array.

    Returns
    -------
    res : ndarray
        Output array, containing the indices of the elements of `a.ravel()`
        that are non-zero.

    See Also
    --------
    nonzero : Return the indices of the non-zero elements of the input array.
    ravel : Return a 1-D array containing the elements of the input array.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> x = np.arange(-2, 3)
    >>> x
    array([-2, -1,  0,  1,  2])
    >>> np.flatnonzero(x)
    array([0, 1, 3, 4])

    Use the indices of the non-zero elements as an index array to extract
    these elements:

    >>> x.ravel()[np.flatnonzero(x)]
    array([-2, -1,  1,  2])

    """
    return a.ravel().nonzero()[0]