def extended_gcd(a, b):
    """returns gcd(a, b), s, r s.t. a * s + b * r == gcd(a, b)"""
    s, old_s = 0, 1
    r, old_r = b, a
    while r:
        q = old_r // r
        old_r, r = r, old_r - q * r
        old_s, s = s, old_s - q * s
    return old_r, old_s, (old_r - old_s * a) // b if b else 0