def _get_before_after(prep_str: str, element: str) -> str:
    """
    Add the text, 'before' or 'after', if these words are the prepositions related to the TIME or EVENT.
    These words are NOT included in SpaCy's NER date/time/event named entity extractions.

    @param prep_str: String holding the dictionary entry for the preposition
    @param element: String holding the named entity element text
    @return: A string of either the element_text (if 'before'/'after' is not found) or the element_text
             preceded by 'before' or 'after'
    """
    elem_text = element
    prep_str = prep_str.split("prep_text': '")[-1].lower()
    if prep_str.lower().startswith('after'):
        elem_text = 'after ' + element
    elif prep_str.lower().startswith('before'):
        elem_text = 'before ' + element
    return elem_text