parser: handle hit-based exceptions more consistently
parser: handle hit-based exceptions more consistently

An recent PR (#10735) exposed errors in some input files but without
helpful error messages.  This should fix those cases to print the
customary file:line message along with the exception message. Also
accumulate more errors with line numbers instead of just terminating
early with some mooseError calls.

sapitts/moose,YaqiWang/moose,permcody/moose,YaqiWang/moose,laagesen/moose,harterj/moose,andrsd/moose,idaholab/moose,SudiptaBiswas/moose,jessecarterMOOSE/moose,milljm/moose,andrsd/moose,nuclear-wizard/moose,lindsayad/moose,dschwen/moose,SudiptaBiswas/moose,bwspenc/moose,laagesen/moose,dschwen/moose,jessecarterMOOSE/moose,sapitts/moose,lindsayad/moose,milljm/moose,milljm/moose,lindsayad/moose,bwspenc/moose,lindsayad/moose,idaholab/moose,laagesen/moose,dschwen/moose,milljm/moose,andrsd/moose,dschwen/moose,sapitts/moose,nuclear-wizard/moose,sapitts/moose,lindsayad/moose,bwspenc/moose,nuclear-wizard/moose,jessecarterMOOSE/moose,SudiptaBiswas/moose,SudiptaBiswas/moose,jessecarterMOOSE/moose,YaqiWang/moose,permcody/moose,jessecarterMOOSE/moose,sapitts/moose,nuclear-wizard/moose,laagesen/moose,harterj/moose,harterj/moose,idaholab/moose,harterj/moose,permcody/moose,milljm/moose,permcody/moose,andrsd/moose,YaqiWang/moose,SudiptaBiswas/moose,bwspenc/moose,idaholab/moose,bwspenc/moose,laagesen/moose,dschwen/moose,idaholab/moose,andrsd/moose,harterj/moose