[SPARK-35373][BUILD] Check Maven artifact checksum in build/mvn
[SPARK-35373][BUILD] Check Maven artifact checksum in build/mvn

### What changes were proposed in this pull request?

`./build/mvn` now downloads the .sha512 checksum of Maven artifacts it downloads, and checks the checksum after download.

### Why are the changes needed?

This ensures the integrity of the Maven artifact during a user's build, which may come from several non-ASF mirrors.

### Does this PR introduce _any_ user-facing change?

Should not affect anything about Spark per se, just the build.

### How was this patch tested?

Manual testing wherein I forced Maven/Scala download, verified checksums are downloaded and checked, and verified it fails on error with a corrupted checksum.

Closes #32505 from srowen/SPARK-35373.

Authored-by: Sean Owen <d519fa33a62684a61ab04b24d26f83452d51b34c@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Owen <d519fa33a62684a61ab04b24d26f83452d51b34c@gmail.com>

taroplus/spark,milliman/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,WeichenXu123/spark,JoshRosen/spark,cloud-fan/spark,srowen/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,nchammas/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,hvanhovell/spark,vinodkc/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,apache/spark,shaneknapp/spark,cloud-fan/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,shaneknapp/spark,zero323/spark,mahak/spark,cloud-fan/spark,zero323/spark,witgo/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,hvanhovell/spark,mahak/spark,maropu/spark,srowen/spark,wangyum/spark,hvanhovell/spark,zzcclp/spark,holdenk/spark,mahak/spark,vinodkc/spark,hvanhovell/spark,gengliangwang/spark,taroplus/spark,gengliangwang/spark,shaneknapp/spark,cloud-fan/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,witgo/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,zzcclp/spark,mahak/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,srowen/spark,shaneknapp/spark,taroplus/spark,mahak/spark,apache/spark,nchammas/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,mahak/spark,wangyum/spark,zzcclp/spark,witgo/spark,holdenk/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,maropu/spark,nchammas/spark,nchammas/spark,taroplus/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,wangyum/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,milliman/spark,JoshRosen/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,wangyum/spark,holdenk/spark,wangyum/spark,holdenk/spark,srowen/spark,holdenk/spark,WeichenXu123/spark,zero323/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,apache/spark,WeichenXu123/spark,gengliangwang/spark,hvanhovell/spark,witgo/spark,taroplus/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,WeichenXu123/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,xuanyuanking/spark,holdenk/spark,gengliangwang/spark,hvanhovell/spark,gengliangwang/spark,JoshRosen/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,zzcclp/spark,maropu/spark,cloud-fan/spark,wangyum/spark,gengliangwang/spark,holdenk/spark,zero323/spark,maropu/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,milliman/spark,JoshRosen/spark,cloud-fan/spark,chuckchen/spark,WeichenXu123/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,vinodkc/spark,chuckchen/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,nchammas/spark,zzcclp/spark,WeichenXu123/spark,milliman/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,nchammas/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,srowen/spark,milliman/spark,wangyum/spark,chuckchen/spark,maropu/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,srowen/spark,vinodkc/spark,witgo/spark,JoshRosen/spark,shaneknapp/spark,shaneknapp/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,chuckchen/spark,hvanhovell/spark,rednaxelafx/apache-spark,witgo/spark,cloud-fan/spark,dongjoon-hyun/spark,apache/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,taroplus/spark,maropu/spark,vinodkc/spark,apache/spark,jiangxb1987/spark,gengliangwang/spark,WeichenXu123/spark,witgo/spark,nchammas/spark,zero323/spark,chuckchen/spark,maropu/spark,zero323/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,ueshin/apache-spark,apache/spark,vinodkc/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,milliman/spark,chuckchen/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,taroplus/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,zzcclp/spark,JoshRosen/spark,HyukjinKwon/spark,apache/spark,zero323/spark,milliman/spark,vinodkc/spark,zzcclp/spark,JoshRosen/spark,wangmiao1981/spark,xuanyuanking/spark,srowen/spark,mahak/spark,shaneknapp/spark,chuckchen/spark