lib/repo-pull: Allow the keyring remote to be overridden
lib/repo-pull: Allow the keyring remote to be overridden

Currently the P2P code requires you to trust every remote you have
configured to the same extent, because a remote controlled by a
malicious actor can serve updates to refs (such as Flatpak apps)
installed from other remotes.[1] The way this attack would play out is
that the malicious remote would deploy the same collection ID as the
victim remote, and would then be able to serve updates for it.

One possible remedy would be to make it an error to configure remotes
such that two have the same collection ID but differing GPG keys. I
attempted to do that in Flatpak[2] but it proved difficult because it is
valid to configure two remotes with the same collection ID, and they may
then each want to update their keyrings which wouldn't happen
atomically.

Another potential solution I've considered is to add a `trusted-remotes`
option to ostree_repo_find_remotes_async() which would dictate which
keyring to use when pulling each ref. However the
ostree_repo_finder_resolve_async() API would still remain vulnerable,
and changing that would require rewriting a large chunk of libostree's
P2P support.

So this commit represents a third attempt at mitigating this security
hole, namely to have the client specify which remote to use for GPG
verification at pull time. This way the pull will fail if the commits
are signed with anything other than the keys we actually trust to serve
updates.

This is implemented as an option "ref-keyring-map" for
ostree_repo_pull_from_remotes_async() and
ostree_repo_pull_with_options() which dictates the remote to be used for
GPG verification of each collection-ref. I think specifying a keyring
remote for each ref is better than specifying a remote for each
OstreeRepoFinderResult, because there are some edge cases where a result
could serve updates to refs which were installed from more than one
remote.

The PR to make Flatpak use this new option is here[3].

[1] https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/issues/1447
[2] https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/pull/2601
[3] https://github.com/flatpak/flatpak/pull/2705

Closes: #1810
Approved by: cgwalters

GNOME/ostree,GNOME/ostree,GNOME/ostree,GNOME/ostree,GNOME/ostree