docs: remove outdated CircleCI link from `DEVELOPER.md` (#38554)
docs: remove outdated CircleCI link from `DEVELOPER.md` (#38554)

CircleCI updated their UI and now the URLs are different (and cannot be
constructed based on the build number alone). This commit removes a
reference of the obsolete URL pattern to avoid confusion.

Example old URL:
https://circleci.com/gh/angular/angular/<build-number>#artifacts

Example new URL:
https://app.circleci.com/pipelines/github/angular/angular/<build-number>/workflows/<workflow-id>/jobs/<job-id>/artifacts

PR Close #38554

brandonroberts/angular,ocombe/angular,angular/angular,alxhub/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,shairez/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,brandonroberts/angular,angular/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,manekinekko/angular,gkalpak/angular,blesh/angular,ocombe/angular,mgechev/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,blesh/angular,mgechev/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,ocombe/angular,blesh/angular,IdeaBlade/angular,angular/angular,wKoza/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,shairez/angular,manekinekko/angular,mgechev/angular,brandonroberts/angular,mgechev/angular,IdeaBlade/angular,brandonroberts/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,wKoza/angular,manekinekko/angular,gkalpak/angular,brandonroberts/angular,alxhub/angular,ocombe/angular,alxhub/angular,blesh/angular,angular/angular,IdeaBlade/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,manekinekko/angular,wKoza/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,alxhub/angular,gkalpak/angular,shairez/angular,mgechev/angular,manekinekko/angular,blesh/angular,alxhub/angular,ocombe/angular,wKoza/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,IdeaBlade/angular,shairez/angular,wKoza/angular,gkalpak/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,manekinekko/angular,brandonroberts/angular,wKoza/angular,IdeaBlade/angular,ocombe/angular,shairez/angular