refactor(zone.js): remove leftover debugging code using `Error.stack` (#46989)
refactor(zone.js): remove leftover debugging code using `Error.stack` (#46989)

Pull request #46672 added some debugging code to trace down the
root cause of its bug, but parts of the debugging code has never
been cleaned up and ended up landing as part of the PR.

This commit removes the code as it might cause unexpected issues.
Likely when e.g. `Error` is patched and would perform XHRs in testing,
unveiling e.g. CORS issues. See #46989.

PR Close #46989

gnomeontherun/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,angular/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,angular/angular,gkalpak/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,gkalpak/angular,angular/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,JiaLiPassion/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,gnomeontherun/angular,angular-indonesia/angular,gkalpak/angular,gkalpak/angular,angular/angular