Bug 1224906 - remove user info from URL before display.
Bug 1224906 - remove user info from URL before display.

cliqz-oss/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,cliqz-oss/browser-ios,sharath-cliqz/browser-ios