A 11 Combining (A 10) and (A 11) yields ∑ k = 1 N − 1 g k = g 0 ∑ k = 1 N − 1 x k = 1.
A 4 Rearranging terms yields − s 2 b n n + s ( f n n − b n ( λ + ϕ ) ) + ( λ + ϕ ) f n = ϕ f n − 1 + λ f n + 1 − s ( ϕ b n − 1 + λ b n + 1 ).